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subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Early_Cleveland_baseball_teams-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1865–1872_Forest_Citys_of_Cleveland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1865–1872_Forest_Citys_of_Cleveland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>1865–1872 Forest Citys of Cleveland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1865–1872_Forest_Citys_of_Cleveland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1879–1884_Cleveland_Forest_Citys_and_Blues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1879–1884_Cleveland_Forest_Citys_and_Blues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>1879–1884 Cleveland Forest Citys and Blues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1879–1884_Cleveland_Forest_Citys_and_Blues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1887–1899_Cleveland_Spiders_(nicknamed_"Blues")" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1887–1899_Cleveland_Spiders_(nicknamed_"Blues")"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>1887–1899 Cleveland Spiders (nicknamed "Blues")</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1887–1899_Cleveland_Spiders_(nicknamed_"Blues")-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1890_Cleveland_Infants_(nickname_"Babes")" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1890_Cleveland_Infants_(nickname_"Babes")"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>1890 Cleveland Infants (nickname "Babes")</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1890_Cleveland_Infants_(nickname_"Babes")-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1894–1935:_Beginning_to_middle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1894–1935:_Beginning_to_middle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>1894–1935: Beginning to middle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1894–1935:_Beginning_to_middle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1936–1946:_Bob_Feller_enters_the_show" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1936–1946:_Bob_Feller_enters_the_show"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>1936–1946: Bob Feller enters the show</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1936–1946:_Bob_Feller_enters_the_show-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1946–1949:_The_Bill_Veeck_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1946–1949:_The_Bill_Veeck_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>1946–1949: The Bill Veeck years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1946–1949:_The_Bill_Veeck_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1950–1959:_Near_misses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1950–1959:_Near_misses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>1950–1959: Near misses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1950–1959:_Near_misses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1960–1993:_The_33-year_slump" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1960–1993:_The_33-year_slump"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>1960–1993: The 33-year slump</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1960–1993:_The_33-year_slump-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Frank_Lane_becomes_general_manager" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Frank_Lane_becomes_general_manager"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.1</span> <span>Frank Lane becomes general manager</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Frank_Lane_becomes_general_manager-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Curse_of_Rocky_Colavito" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Curse_of_Rocky_Colavito"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.2</span> <span>Curse of Rocky Colavito</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Curse_of_Rocky_Colavito-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Move_to_the_AL_East_division" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Move_to_the_AL_East_division"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.3</span> <span>Move to the AL East division</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Move_to_the_AL_East_division-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1994–2001:_New_beginnings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1994–2001:_New_beginnings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>1994–2001: New beginnings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1994–2001:_New_beginnings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1994:_Jacobs_Field_opens" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1994:_Jacobs_Field_opens"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.1</span> <span>1994: Jacobs Field opens</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1994:_Jacobs_Field_opens-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1995–1996:_First_AL_pennant_since_1954" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1995–1996:_First_AL_pennant_since_1954"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.2</span> <span>1995–1996: First AL pennant since 1954</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1995–1996:_First_AL_pennant_since_1954-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1997:_Two_outs_away" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1997:_Two_outs_away"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.3</span> <span>1997: Two outs away</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1997:_Two_outs_away-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1998–2001" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1998–2001"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.4</span> <span>1998–2001</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1998–2001-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2002–2010:_The_Shapiro/Wedge_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2002–2010:_The_Shapiro/Wedge_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>2002–2010: The Shapiro/Wedge years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2002–2010:_The_Shapiro/Wedge_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_"rebuilding_of_the_team"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_"rebuilding_of_the_team""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7.1</span> <span>First "rebuilding of the team"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_"rebuilding_of_the_team"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_"rebuilding_of_the_team"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_"rebuilding_of_the_team""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7.2</span> <span>Second "rebuilding of the team"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_"rebuilding_of_the_team"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2011–present:_Antonetti/Chernoff/Francona_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2011–present:_Antonetti/Chernoff/Francona_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>2011–present: Antonetti/Chernoff/Francona era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2011–present:_Antonetti/Chernoff/Francona_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Guardians_rebranding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guardians_rebranding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8.1</span> <span>Guardians rebranding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guardians_rebranding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Season-by-season_results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Season-by-season_results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Season-by-season results</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Season-by-season_results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rivalries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rivalries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Rivalries</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Rivalries-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Rivalries subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Rivalries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Interleague" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interleague"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Interleague</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interleague-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Detroit_Tigers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Detroit_Tigers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Detroit Tigers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Detroit_Tigers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chicago_White_Sox" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chicago_White_Sox"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Chicago White Sox</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chicago_White_Sox-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uniforms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uniforms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Uniforms</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Uniforms-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Uniforms subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Uniforms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Home" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Home"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Home</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Home-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Road" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Road"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Road</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Road-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Universal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Universal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Universal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Universal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Former_name_and_logo_controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former_name_and_logo_controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Former name and logo controversy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former_name_and_logo_controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Media-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Media subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Radio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Radio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-TV" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#TV"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>TV</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-TV-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Past_announcers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Past_announcers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Past announcers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Past_announcers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Awards and honors</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Awards_and_honors-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Awards and honors subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Baseball_Hall_of_Famers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baseball_Hall_of_Famers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Baseball Hall of Famers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baseball_Hall_of_Famers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ford_C._Frick_Award_recipients" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ford_C._Frick_Award_recipients"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Ford C. Frick Award recipients</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ford_C._Frick_Award_recipients-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Retired_numbers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Retired_numbers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Retired numbers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Retired_numbers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Guardians_Hall_of_Fame" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guardians_Hall_of_Fame"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>Guardians Hall of Fame</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guardians_Hall_of_Fame-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Statues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Statues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.5</span> <span>Statues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Statues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_and_around_Progressive_Field" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_and_around_Progressive_Field"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.5.1</span> <span>In and around Progressive Field</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_and_around_Progressive_Field-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_and_around_Cleveland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_and_around_Cleveland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.5.2</span> <span>In and around Cleveland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_and_around_Cleveland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Murals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Murals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.6</span> <span>Murals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Murals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Streets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Streets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.7</span> <span>Streets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Streets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parks_and_fields" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parks_and_fields"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.8</span> <span>Parks and fields</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parks_and_fields-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Franchise_records" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Franchise_records"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Franchise records</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Franchise_records-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Franchise records subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Franchise_records-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Season_records" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Season_records"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Season records</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Season_records-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roster" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roster"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Roster</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roster-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minor_league_affiliations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minor_league_affiliations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Minor league affiliations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minor_league_affiliations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Regular_season_home_attendance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regular_season_home_attendance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Regular season home attendance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regular_season_home_attendance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Cleveland Guardians</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 33 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">33 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF_%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2" title="كليفلاند إنديانز – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كليفلاند إنديانز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians" title="Cleveland Guardians – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Cleveland Guardians" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians" title="Cleveland Guardians – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cleveland Guardians" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Indians" title="Cleveland Indians – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Cleveland Indians" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians" title="Cleveland Guardians – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Cleveland Guardians" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians" title="Cleveland Guardians – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Cleveland Guardians" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians" title="Cleveland Guardians – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cleveland Guardians" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians" title="Cleveland Guardians – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Cleveland Guardians" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians" title="Cleveland Guardians – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Cleveland Guardians" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guardians_de_Cleveland" title="Guardians de Cleveland – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Guardians de Cleveland" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians" title="Cleveland Guardians – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cleveland Guardians" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%81%B4%EB%A6%AC%EB%B8%94%EB%9E%9C%EB%93%9C_%EA%B0%80%EB%94%94%EC%96%B8%EC%8A%A4" title="클리블랜드 가디언스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="클리블랜드 가디언스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8" title="क्लीवलैंड इंडियन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="क्लीवलैंड इंडियन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians" title="Cleveland Guardians – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Cleveland Guardians" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians" title="Cleveland Guardians – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cleveland Guardians" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%93_%D7%92%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A1" title="קליבלנד גארדיאנס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קליבלנד גארדיאנס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kl%C4%ABvlendas_%22Guardians%22" title="Klīvlendas "Guardians" – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Klīvlendas "Guardians"" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians" title="Cleveland Guardians – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Cleveland Guardians" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="क्लीव्हलँड इंडियन्स – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="क्लीव्हलँड इंडियन्स" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2" title="كليفلاند انديانز – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كليفلاند انديانز" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians" title="Cleveland Guardians – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Cleveland Guardians" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians" title="Cleveland Guardians – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cleveland Guardians" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%96%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BA" title="クリーブランド・ガーディアンズ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クリーブランド・ガーディアンズ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians" title="Cleveland Guardians – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cleveland Guardians" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians" title="Cleveland Guardians – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cleveland Guardians" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Кливленд Гардианс – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кливленд Гардианс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians" title="Cleveland Guardians – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Cleveland Guardians" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians" title="Cleveland Guardians – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Cleveland Guardians" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians" title="Cleveland Guardians – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Cleveland Guardians" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians" title="Cleveland Guardians – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Cleveland Guardians" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7" title="Клівленд Гардіанз – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Клівленд Гардіанз" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Indians" title="Cleveland Indians – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cleveland Indians" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E5%A4%AB%E8%98%AD%E5%AE%88%E8%AD%B7%E8%80%85" title="克里夫蘭守護者 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="克里夫蘭守護者" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q642553#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Indians&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleveland Indians">Cleveland Indians</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Major League Baseball franchise in Cleveland, Ohio</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Cleveland Indians" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Indians_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Cleveland Indians (disambiguation)">Cleveland Indians (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width: 27em; line-height: 1.7em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: #002B5C !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; border: 2px solid #E31937 !important;">Cleveland Guardians</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Baseball_current_event.svg/33px-Baseball_current_event.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Baseball_current_event.svg/50px-Baseball_current_event.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Baseball_current_event.svg/66px-Baseball_current_event.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <i><a href="/wiki/2024_Cleveland_Guardians_season" title="2024 Cleveland Guardians season">2024 Cleveland Guardians season</a></i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table style="display:table; width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr><td style="vertical-align: middle; border: 0; text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Guardians_winged_%22G%22.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a9/Guardians_winged_%22G%22.svg/119px-Guardians_winged_%22G%22.svg.png" decoding="async" width="119" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a9/Guardians_winged_%22G%22.svg/178px-Guardians_winged_%22G%22.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a9/Guardians_winged_%22G%22.svg/237px-Guardians_winged_%22G%22.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="343" data-file-height="289" /></a></span></td><td style="vertical-align: middle; border: 0; text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cleveland_Guardians_cap_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Cleveland_Guardians_cap_logo.svg/100px-Cleveland_Guardians_cap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Cleveland_Guardians_cap_logo.svg/150px-Cleveland_Guardians_cap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Cleveland_Guardians_cap_logo.svg/200px-Cleveland_Guardians_cap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align: middle; border: 0; text-align:center;"><b>Logo</b></td><td style="vertical-align: middle; border: 0; text-align:center;"><b>Cap insignia</b></td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><b>Established in <a href="/wiki/1894_Major_League_Baseball_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1894 Major League Baseball season">1894</a></b></li><li><b>Based in <a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a> since <a href="/wiki/1900_Major_League_Baseball_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1900 Major League Baseball season">1900</a></b></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; border: 2px solid #002B5C !important;">Major league affiliations</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_League" title="American League">American League</a> (<a href="/wiki/1901_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1901 Major League Baseball season">1901</a>–present) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_League_Central" title="American League Central">Central Division</a> (<a href="/wiki/1994_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1994 Major League Baseball season">1994</a>–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_League_East" title="American League East">East Division</a> (<a href="/wiki/1969_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1969 Major League Baseball season">1969</a>–<a href="/wiki/1993_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1993 Major League Baseball season">1993</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; border: 2px solid #002B5C !important;">Current uniform</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MLB-ALC-CLE-Uniform.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/eb/MLB-ALC-CLE-Uniform.png/275px-MLB-ALC-CLE-Uniform.png" decoding="async" width="275" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/eb/MLB-ALC-CLE-Uniform.png/413px-MLB-ALC-CLE-Uniform.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/e/eb/MLB-ALC-CLE-Uniform.png 2x" data-file-width="445" data-file-height="338" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Retired numbers</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Averill" title="Earl Averill">3</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Boudreau" title="Lou Boudreau">5</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Doby" title="Larry Doby">14</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Harder" title="Mel Harder">18</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Feller" title="Bob Feller">19</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Robinson" title="Frank Robinson">20</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Lemon" title="Bob Lemon">21</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Thome" title="Jim Thome">25</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Robinson" title="Jackie Robinson">42</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Fan_(person)" title="Fan (person)">455</a></li></ul></div></i></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; border: 2px solid #002B5C !important;">Colors</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="text-align:left"> <ul><li>Navy blue, red, white<br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#002B5C; color:white;"> </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#E31937; color:white;"> </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFFF; color:black;"> </span></li></ul></div> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; border: 2px solid #002B5C !important;">Name</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="text-align:left"> <ul><li>Cleveland Guardians (<a href="/wiki/2022_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="2022 Major League Baseball season">2022</a>–present)</li> <li>Cleveland Indians (<a href="/wiki/1915_in_baseball" title="1915 in baseball">1915</a>–<a href="/wiki/2021_in_baseball" title="2021 in baseball">2021</a>)</li> <li>Cleveland Naps (<a href="/wiki/1903_in_baseball" title="1903 in baseball">1903</a>–<a href="/wiki/1914_in_baseball" title="1914 in baseball">1914</a>)</li> <li>Cleveland Bronchos (<a href="/wiki/1902_in_baseball" title="1902 in baseball">1902</a>)</li> <li>Cleveland Bluebirds (<a href="/wiki/1901_in_baseball" title="1901 in baseball">1901</a>)</li> <li>Cleveland Lake Shores (<a href="/wiki/1900_in_baseball" title="1900 in baseball">1900</a>)</li> <li>Grand Rapids Rustlers (<a href="/wiki/1894_in_baseball" title="1894 in baseball">1894</a>–<a href="/wiki/1899_in_baseball" title="1899 in baseball">1899</a>)</li></ul></div> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; border: 2px solid #002B5C !important;">Other nicknames</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="text-align:left" class="nickname"> <ul><li>Guards,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tribe</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; border: 2px solid #002B5C !important;">Ballpark</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="text-align:left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Field" title="Progressive Field">Progressive Field</a> (<a href="/wiki/1994_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1994 Major League Baseball season">1994</a>–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Stadium" title="Cleveland Stadium">Cleveland Stadium</a> (<a href="/wiki/1932_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1932 Major League Baseball season">1932</a>–<a href="/wiki/1933_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1933 Major League Baseball season">1933</a>, <a href="/wiki/1937_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1937 Major League Baseball season">1937</a>–<a href="/wiki/1993_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1993 Major League Baseball season">1993</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_Park" title="League Park">League Park</a> (<a href="/wiki/1900_Major_League_Baseball_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1900 Major League Baseball season">1900</a>–<a href="/wiki/1932_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1932 Major League Baseball season">1932</a>, <a href="/wiki/1934_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1934 Major League Baseball season">1934</a>–<a href="/wiki/1946_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1946 Major League Baseball season">1946</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramona_Park" title="Ramona Park">Ramona Park</a> (<a href="/wiki/1894_Major_League_Baseball_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1894 Major League Baseball season">1894</a>–<a href="/wiki/1899_Major_League_Baseball_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1899 Major League Baseball season">1899</a>)</li></ul></div> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; border: 2px solid #002B5C !important;">Major league titles</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">World Series titles <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(2)</span></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/1920_World_Series" title="1920 World Series">1920</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1948_World_Series" title="1948 World Series">1948</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">AL Pennants <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(6)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/1920_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1920 Cleveland Indians season">1920</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1948_American_League_tie-breaker_game" title="1948 American League tie-breaker game">1948</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1954_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1954 Cleveland Indians season">1954</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1995_American_League_Championship_Series" title="1995 American League Championship Series">1995</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1997_American_League_Championship_Series" title="1997 American League Championship Series">1997</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2016_American_League_Championship_Series" title="2016 American League Championship Series">2016</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">AL Central Division titles <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(12)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/1995_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1995 Cleveland Indians season">1995</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1996_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1996 Cleveland Indians season">1996</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1997_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1997 Cleveland Indians season">1997</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1998_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1998 Cleveland Indians season">1998</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1999_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1999 Cleveland Indians season">1999</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2001_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2001 Cleveland Indians season">2001</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2007_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2007 Cleveland Indians season">2007</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2016 Cleveland Indians season">2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2017_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2017 Cleveland Indians season">2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2018_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2018 Cleveland Indians season">2018</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Cleveland_Guardians_season" title="2022 Cleveland Guardians season">2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Cleveland_Guardians_season" title="2024 Cleveland Guardians season">2024</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Wild card berths <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(2)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/2013_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2013 Cleveland Indians season">2013</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2020 Cleveland Indians season">2020</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; border: 2px solid #002B5C !important;">Front office</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Principal owner(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Larry_Dolan" title="Larry Dolan">Larry Dolan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Dolan_(baseball)" title="Paul Dolan (baseball)">Paul Dolan</a> (Chairman / CEO)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">President of baseball operations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chris_Antonetti" title="Chris Antonetti">Chris Antonetti</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">General manager</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Chernoff_(baseball)" title="Mike Chernoff (baseball)">Mike Chernoff</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manager</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Vogt" title="Stephen Vogt">Stephen Vogt</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/guardians">mlb.com/guardians</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Cleveland Guardians</b> are an American <a href="/wiki/Professional_baseball" title="Professional baseball">professional baseball</a> team based in <a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a>. The Guardians compete in <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a> (MLB) as a member club of the <a href="/wiki/American_League" title="American League">American League</a> (AL) <a href="/wiki/American_League_Central" title="American League Central">Central Division</a>. Since <a href="/wiki/1994_in_baseball" title="1994 in baseball">1994</a>, the team has played its home games at <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Field" title="Progressive Field">Progressive Field</a> (originally known as Jacobs Field after the team's then-owner). Since their establishment as a Major League franchise in 1901, the team has won 12 Central Division titles, six <a href="/wiki/List_of_American_League_pennant_winners" title="List of American League pennant winners">American League pennants</a>, and two <a href="/wiki/World_Series" title="World Series">World Series</a> championships (in <a href="/wiki/1920_World_Series" title="1920 World Series">1920</a> and <a href="/wiki/1948_World_Series" title="1948 World Series">1948</a>). The team's World Series championship drought since 1948 is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_franchise_postseason_droughts#Longest_current_World_Series_championship_drought" title="List of Major League Baseball franchise postseason droughts">longest active</a> among all 30 current Major League teams.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The team's name references the <i>Guardians of Traffic</i>, eight monolithic 1932 <a href="/wiki/Art_Deco" title="Art Deco">Art Deco</a> sculptures by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Hering" title="Henry Hering">Henry Hering</a> on the city's <a href="/wiki/Hope_Memorial_Bridge" title="Hope Memorial Bridge">Hope Memorial Bridge</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which is adjacent to Progressive Field.<sup id="cite_ref-ClevelandGuardians_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ClevelandGuardians-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The team's mascot is named "Slider".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The team's <a href="/wiki/Spring_training" title="Spring training">spring training</a> facility is at <a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Ballpark" title="Goodyear Ballpark">Goodyear Ballpark</a> in <a href="/wiki/Goodyear,_Arizona" title="Goodyear, Arizona">Goodyear, Arizona</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The franchise originated in 1894 as the <b>Grand Rapids Rustlers</b>, a minor league team based in <a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids,_Michigan" title="Grand Rapids, Michigan">Grand Rapids, Michigan</a>, that played in the <a href="/wiki/Western_League_(1885%E2%80%931899)" class="mw-redirect" title="Western League (1885–1899)">Western League</a>. The team relocated to Cleveland in 1900 and was called the <b>Cleveland Lake Shores</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-ClevelandTeamNameHistory_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ClevelandTeamNameHistory-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Western League itself was renamed the American League prior to the 1900 season while continuing its minor league status. When the American League declared itself a major league in 1901, Cleveland was one of its eight charter franchises. Originally called the <b>Cleveland Bluebirds</b> or <b>Blues</b>, the team was also unofficially called the <b>Cleveland Bronchos</b> in 1902. Beginning in 1903, the team was named the <b>Cleveland Napoleons</b> or <b>Naps</b>, after team captain and manager <a href="/wiki/Nap_Lajoie" title="Nap Lajoie">Nap Lajoie</a>. </p><p>Lajoie left after the <a href="/wiki/1914_Cleveland_Naps_season" title="1914 Cleveland Naps season">1914 season</a>, and club owner <a href="/wiki/Charles_Somers" title="Charles Somers">Charles Somers</a> requested that baseball writers choose a new name. They chose the name <b>Cleveland Indians</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That name stuck and remained in use for more than a century. Common <a href="/wiki/List_of_baseball_nicknames" title="List of baseball nicknames">nicknames</a> for the Indians were "the Tribe" and "the Wahoos", the latter referencing their longtime logo, <a href="/wiki/Chief_Wahoo" title="Chief Wahoo">Chief Wahoo</a>. After the Indians name <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Indians_name_and_logo_controversy" title="Cleveland Indians name and logo controversy">came under criticism</a> as part of the <a href="/wiki/Native_American_mascot_controversy" title="Native American mascot controversy">Native American mascot controversy</a>, the team adopted the current name (Guardians) following the <a href="/wiki/2021_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2021 Cleveland Indians season">2021 season</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ClevelandGuardians_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ClevelandGuardians-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bell_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bell-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MLB_Advanced_Media_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MLB_Advanced_Media-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nytimes.com_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes.com-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cleveland_Indians_choose_Guardians_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cleveland_Indians_choose_Guardians-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From August 24 to September 14, 2017, the team won 22 consecutive games, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_longest_winning_streaks" title="List of Major League Baseball longest winning streaks">longest winning streak</a> in American League history and the second longest winning streak in Major League Baseball history. </p><p>As of the end of the 2024 season, the franchise's overall record is <abbr title="9,852 wins, 9,369 losses">9,852–9,369</abbr> (.513).<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_Cleveland_baseball_teams">Early Cleveland baseball teams</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early Cleveland baseball teams"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Guardian_of_Traffic_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Guardian_of_Traffic_%28cropped%29.jpg/170px-Guardian_of_Traffic_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Guardian_of_Traffic_%28cropped%29.jpg/255px-Guardian_of_Traffic_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Guardian_of_Traffic_%28cropped%29.jpg/340px-Guardian_of_Traffic_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2715" data-file-height="4557" /></a><figcaption>The team is named after the eight <i>Guardians of Traffic</i> statues displayed on the <a href="/wiki/Hope_Memorial_Bridge" title="Hope Memorial Bridge">Hope Memorial Bridge</a> next to their home field.</figcaption></figure> <p>According to one historian of baseball, "in 1857, baseball games were a daily spectacle in Cleveland's Public Squares. City authorities tried to find an ordinance forbidding it; to the joy of the crowd, they were unsuccessful."<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1865–1872_Forest_Citys_of_Cleveland"><span id="1865.E2.80.931872_Forest_Citys_of_Cleveland"></span>1865–1872 Forest Citys of Cleveland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1865–1872 Forest Citys of Cleveland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 1865 to 1868 Forest Citys was an amateur ball club. During the <a href="/wiki/1869_in_baseball" title="1869 in baseball">1869 season</a>, Cleveland was among several cities that established professional baseball teams following the success of the 1869 <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Red_Stockings" title="Cincinnati Red Stockings">Cincinnati Red Stockings</a>, the first fully professional team.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the newspapers before and after 1870, the team was often called the <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Forest_Citys" title="Cleveland Forest Citys">Forest Citys</a>, in the same generic way that the team from Chicago was sometimes called The Chicagos. </p><p>In 1871 the Forest Citys joined the new <a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Professional_Base_Ball_Players" title="National Association of Professional Base Ball Players">National Association of Professional Base Ball Players</a> (NA), the first professional league. Ultimately, two of the league's western clubs went out of business during the first season and the <a href="/wiki/1871_Great_Chicago_Fire" class="mw-redirect" title="1871 Great Chicago Fire">Chicago Fire</a> left that city's <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cubs" title="Chicago Cubs">White Stockings</a> impoverished, unable to field a team again until 1874. Cleveland was thus the NA's westernmost outpost in 1872, the year the club folded. Cleveland played its full schedule to July 19 followed by two games versus Boston in mid-August and disbanded at the end of the season.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1879–1884_Cleveland_Forest_Citys_and_Blues"><span id="1879.E2.80.931884_Cleveland_Forest_Citys_and_Blues"></span>1879–1884 Cleveland Forest Citys and Blues</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1879–1884 Cleveland Forest Citys and Blues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1876, the <a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">National League</a> (NL) supplanted the NA as the major professional league. Cleveland was not among its charter members, but by 1879 the league was looking for new entries and the city gained an NL team. A new Cleveland Forest Citys were recreated, but by 1882 were known as the <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Blues_(NL)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleveland Blues (NL)">Cleveland Blues</a>, because the National League required distinct colors for that season. The Blues had mediocre records for six seasons and were ruined by a trade war with the <a href="/wiki/Union_Association" title="Union Association">Union Association</a> (UA) in 1884, when its three best players (<a href="/wiki/Fred_Dunlap" title="Fred Dunlap">Fred Dunlap</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Glasscock" title="Jack Glasscock">Jack Glasscock</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jim_McCormick_(pitcher)" title="Jim McCormick (pitcher)">Jim McCormick</a>) jumped to the UA after being offered higher salaries. The Cleveland Blues merged with the St. Louis Maroons UA team in 1885. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1887–1899_Cleveland_Spiders_(nicknamed_"Blues")"><span id="1887.E2.80.931899_Cleveland_Spiders_.28nicknamed_.22Blues.22.29"></span>1887–1899 Cleveland Spiders (nicknamed "Blues")</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1887–1899 Cleveland Spiders (nicknamed "Blues")"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:T205_Cy_Young.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/T205_Cy_Young.jpg/170px-T205_Cy_Young.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="301" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/T205_Cy_Young.jpg/255px-T205_Cy_Young.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/T205_Cy_Young.jpg/340px-T205_Cy_Young.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1674" data-file-height="2964" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cy_Young" title="Cy Young">Cy Young</a> on a 1911 baseball card</figcaption></figure> <p>Cleveland went without major league baseball for two seasons until gaining a team in the <a href="/wiki/American_Association_(19th_century)" class="mw-redirect" title="American Association (19th century)">American Association</a> (AA) in 1887. After the AA's <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Alleghenys" class="mw-redirect" title="Pittsburgh Alleghenys">Pittsburgh Alleghenys</a> jumped to the NL, Cleveland followed suit in 1889, as the AA began to crumble. The Cleveland ball club, called the <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Spiders" title="Cleveland Spiders">Spiders</a> (supposedly inspired by their "skinny and spindly" players), slowly became a power in the league.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1891, the Spiders moved into <a href="/wiki/League_Park" title="League Park">League Park</a>, which would serve as the home of Cleveland professional baseball for the next 55 years. Led by native Ohioan <a href="/wiki/Cy_Young" title="Cy Young">Cy Young</a>, the Spiders became a contender in the mid-1890s, playing in the <a href="/wiki/Temple_Cup" title="Temple Cup">Temple Cup</a> Series (that era's World Series) twice and winning it in 1895. The team began to fade after this success, and was dealt a severe blow under the ownership of the <a href="/wiki/Robison_Field" title="Robison Field">Robison brothers</a>. </p><p>Prior to the <a href="/wiki/1899_in_baseball" title="1899 in baseball">1899</a> season, Frank Robison, the Spiders' owner, bought the <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Browns_(NL)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis Browns (NL)">St. Louis Browns</a>, thus owning two clubs at the same time. The Browns were renamed the "Perfectos", and restocked with Cleveland talent. Just weeks before the season opener, most of the better Spiders were transferred to St. Louis, including three future Hall of Famers: Cy Young, <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Burkett" title="Jesse Burkett">Jesse Burkett</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Wallace_(baseball)" title="Bobby Wallace (baseball)">Bobby Wallace</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-perfectos_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perfectos-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The roster maneuvers failed to create a powerhouse Perfectos team, as St. Louis finished fifth in both 1899 and <a href="/wiki/1900_in_baseball" title="1900 in baseball">1900</a>. The Spiders were left with essentially a minor league lineup, and began to lose games at a record pace. Drawing almost no fans at home, they ended up playing most of their season on the road, and became known as "The Wanderers".<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The team ended the season in 12th place, 84 games out of first place, with an all-time worst record of 20–134 (.130 winning percentage).<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the 1899 season, the National League disbanded four teams, including the Spiders franchise. The disastrous 1899 season would actually be a step toward a new future for Cleveland fans the next year. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1890_Cleveland_Infants_(nickname_"Babes")"><span id="1890_Cleveland_Infants_.28nickname_.22Babes.22.29"></span>1890 Cleveland Infants (nickname "Babes")</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1890 Cleveland Infants (nickname "Babes")"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Cleveland Infants competed in the <a href="/wiki/Players%27_League" title="Players' League">Players' League</a>, which was well-attended in some cities, but club owners lacked the confidence to continue beyond the one season. The Cleveland Infants finished with 55 wins and 75 losses, playing their home games at <a href="/wiki/Brotherhood_Park" title="Brotherhood Park">Brotherhood Park</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Cleveland_Guardians" title="History of the Cleveland Guardians">History of the Cleveland Guardians</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1894–1935:_Beginning_to_middle"><span id="1894.E2.80.931935:_Beginning_to_middle"></span>1894–1935: Beginning to middle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1894–1935: Beginning to middle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The origins of the Cleveland Guardians date back to 1894, when the team was founded as the <b>Grand Rapids Rustlers</b>, a team based in <a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids,_Michigan" title="Grand Rapids, Michigan">Grand Rapids, Michigan</a> and competing in the <a href="/wiki/Western_League_(1885%E2%80%931899)" class="mw-redirect" title="Western League (1885–1899)">Western League</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ClevelandTeamNameHistory_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ClevelandTeamNameHistory-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1900, the team moved to Cleveland and was named the Cleveland Lake Shores. Around the same time <a href="/wiki/Ban_Johnson" title="Ban Johnson">Ban Johnson</a> changed the name of his minor league (Western League) to the American League. In 1900 the American League was still considered a minor league. In 1901 the team was called the Cleveland Bluebirds or Blues when the American League broke with the National Agreement and declared itself a competing Major League. The Cleveland franchise was among its eight charter members, and is one of four teams that remain in its original city, along with <a href="/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox" title="Boston Red Sox">Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chicago_White_Sox" title="Chicago White Sox">Chicago</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Tigers" title="Detroit Tigers">Detroit</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nap_Lajoie_1913.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Nap_Lajoie_1913.jpg/170px-Nap_Lajoie_1913.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Nap_Lajoie_1913.jpg/255px-Nap_Lajoie_1913.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Nap_Lajoie_1913.jpg/340px-Nap_Lajoie_1913.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4406" data-file-height="6190" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Nap_Lajoie" title="Nap Lajoie">Nap Lajoie</a>, who won the 1903 American League Batting Championship with the Cleveland Naps, was the team's namesake from 1903 to 1915, and is an <a href="/wiki/MLB_Hall_of_Fame" class="mw-redirect" title="MLB Hall of Fame">MLB Hall of Famer</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The new team was owned by coal magnate <a href="/wiki/Charles_Somers" title="Charles Somers">Charles Somers</a> and tailor Jack Kilfoyl. Somers, a wealthy industrialist and also co-owner of the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Americans">Boston Americans</a>, lent money to other team owners, including <a href="/wiki/Connie_Mack" title="Connie Mack">Connie Mack</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Athletics" title="Philadelphia Athletics">Philadelphia Athletics</a>, to keep them and the new league afloat. Players did not think the name "Bluebirds" was suitable for a baseball team.<sup id="cite_ref-TBT_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TBT-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Writers frequently shortened it to Cleveland Blues due to the players' all-blue uniforms,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the players did not like this unofficial name either.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The players themselves tried to change the name to Cleveland Bronchos in <a href="/wiki/1902_in_baseball" title="1902 in baseball">1902</a>, but this name never caught on.<sup id="cite_ref-TBT_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TBT-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cleveland suffered from financial problems in their first two seasons. This led Somers to seriously consider moving to either <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a> or <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati</a>. Relief came in 1902 as a result of the conflict between the National and American Leagues. In 1901, <a href="/wiki/Nap_Lajoie" title="Nap Lajoie">Napoleon "Nap" Lajoie</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Phillies" title="Philadelphia Phillies">Philadelphia Phillies</a>' star second baseman, jumped to the A's after his contract was capped at $2,400 per year—one of the highest-profile players to jump to the upstart AL. The Phillies subsequently filed an injunction to force Lajoie's return, which was granted by the <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Pennsylvania Supreme Court">Pennsylvania Supreme Court</a>. The injunction appeared to doom any hopes of an early settlement between the warring leagues. However, a lawyer discovered that the injunction was only enforceable in the state of Pennsylvania.<sup id="cite_ref-TBT_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TBT-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mack, partly to thank Somers for his past financial support, agreed to trade Lajoie to the then-moribund Blues, who offered $25,000 salary over three years.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to the injunction, however, Lajoie had to sit out any games played against the A's in Philadelphia.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lajoie arrived in Cleveland on June 4 and was an immediate hit, drawing 10,000 fans to League Park. Soon afterward, he was named team captain, and in 1903 the team was called the Cleveland Napoleons or Naps after a newspaper conducted a write-in contest.<sup id="cite_ref-TBT_29-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TBT-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lajoie was named manager in <a href="/wiki/1905_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1905 Major League Baseball season">1905</a>, and the team's fortunes improved somewhat. They finished half a game short of the pennant in 1908.<sup id="cite_ref-1908AL_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1908AL-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the success did not last and Lajoie resigned during the 1909 season as manager but remained on as a player.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1909_Cleveland_Naps.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/1909_Cleveland_Naps.jpg/220px-1909_Cleveland_Naps.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/1909_Cleveland_Naps.jpg/330px-1909_Cleveland_Naps.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/1909_Cleveland_Naps.jpg/440px-1909_Cleveland_Naps.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5332" data-file-height="3193" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/1909_Cleveland_Naps_season" title="1909 Cleveland Naps season">1909 Cleveland Naps</a></figcaption></figure> <p>After that, the team began to unravel, leading Kilfoyl to sell his share of the team to Somers. <a href="/wiki/Cy_Young" title="Cy Young">Cy Young</a>, who returned to Cleveland in 1909, was ineffective for most of his three remaining years<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Addie_Joss" title="Addie Joss">Addie Joss</a> died from tubercular meningitis prior to the 1911 season.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite a strong lineup anchored by the potent Lajoie and <a href="/wiki/Shoeless_Joe_Jackson" title="Shoeless Joe Jackson">Shoeless Joe Jackson</a>, poor pitching kept the team below third place for most of the next decade. One reporter referred to the team as the Napkins, "because they fold up so easily". The team hit bottom in 1914 and 1915, finishing last place both years.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1915 brought significant changes to the team. Lajoie, nearly 40 years old, was no longer a top hitter in the league, batting only .258 in 1914. With Lajoie engaged in a feud with manager <a href="/wiki/Joe_Birmingham" title="Joe Birmingham">Joe Birmingham</a>, the team sold Lajoie back to the A's.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With Lajoie gone, the club needed a new name. Somers asked the local baseball writers to come up with a new name, and based on their input, the team was renamed the Cleveland Indians.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name referred to the nickname "Indians" that was applied to the <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Spiders" title="Cleveland Spiders">Cleveland Spiders</a> baseball club during the time when <a href="/wiki/Louis_Sockalexis" title="Louis Sockalexis">Louis Sockalexis</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a>, played in Cleveland (1897–1899).<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the same time, Somers' business ventures began to fail, leaving him deeply in debt. With the Indians playing poorly, attendance and revenue suffered.<sup id="cite_ref-Somers_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Somers-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Somers decided to trade Jackson midway through the 1915 season for two players and $31,500, one of the largest sums paid for a player at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 1916, Somers was at the end of his tether, and sold the team to a syndicate headed by Chicago railroad contractor <a href="/wiki/Jim_Dunn_(baseball_owner)" title="Jim Dunn (baseball owner)">James C. "Jack" Dunn</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Somers_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Somers-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Manager Lee Fohl, who had taken over in early 1915, acquired two minor league pitchers, <a href="/wiki/Stan_Coveleski" title="Stan Coveleski">Stan Coveleski</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jim_Bagby,_Sr." class="mw-redirect" title="Jim Bagby, Sr.">Jim Bagby</a> and traded for center fielder <a href="/wiki/Tris_Speaker" title="Tris Speaker">Tris Speaker</a>, who was engaged in a salary dispute with the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox" title="Boston Red Sox">Red Sox</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All three would ultimately become key players in bringing a championship to Cleveland. </p> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:right;max-width:808px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1920_Cleveland_Indians_Pano.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The 1920 Indians, who won the first World Series Championship in team history"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/1920_Cleveland_Indians_Pano.jpg/800px-1920_Cleveland_Indians_Pano.jpg" decoding="async" width="800" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/1920_Cleveland_Indians_Pano.jpg/1200px-1920_Cleveland_Indians_Pano.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/1920_Cleveland_Indians_Pano.jpg/1600px-1920_Cleveland_Indians_Pano.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4522" data-file-height="685" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:1920_Cleveland_Indians_Pano.jpg" title="File:1920 Cleveland Indians Pano.jpg"> </a></div>The 1920 Indians, who won the first World Series Championship in team history</div></div></div> <p>Speaker took over the reins as <a href="/wiki/Player-manager" class="mw-redirect" title="Player-manager">player-manager</a> in <a href="/wiki/1919_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1919 Major League Baseball season">1919</a>, and led the team to a championship in 1920. On August 16, 1920, the Indians were playing the <a href="/wiki/1920_New_York_Yankees_season" title="1920 New York Yankees season">Yankees</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Polo_Grounds" title="Polo Grounds">Polo Grounds</a> in New York. Shortstop <a href="/wiki/Ray_Chapman" title="Ray Chapman">Ray Chapman</a>, who often crowded the plate, was batting against <a href="/wiki/Carl_Mays" title="Carl Mays">Carl Mays</a>, who had an unusual underhand delivery. It was also late in the afternoon and the infield was completely shaded with the center field area (the batters' background) bathed in sunlight. As well, at the time, "part of every pitcher's job was to dirty up a new ball the moment it was thrown onto the field. By turns, they smeared it with dirt, licorice, tobacco juice; it was deliberately scuffed, sandpapered, scarred, cut, even spiked. The result was a misshapen, earth-colored ball that traveled through the air erratically, tended to soften in the later innings, and as it came over the plate, was very hard to see."<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In any case, Chapman did not move reflexively when Mays' pitch came his way. The pitch hit Chapman in the head, fracturing his skull. Chapman died the next day, becoming the only player to sustain a fatal injury from a pitched ball.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Indians, who at the time were locked in a tight three-way pennant race with the Yankees and <a href="/wiki/1920_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1920 Chicago White Sox season">White Sox</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> were not slowed down by the death of their teammate. Rookie <a href="/wiki/Joe_Sewell" title="Joe Sewell">Joe Sewell</a> hit .329 after replacing Chapman in the lineup.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TrisSpeakerGoudeycard.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/TrisSpeakerGoudeycard.jpg/170px-TrisSpeakerGoudeycard.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/TrisSpeakerGoudeycard.jpg/255px-TrisSpeakerGoudeycard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/TrisSpeakerGoudeycard.jpg 2x" data-file-width="318" data-file-height="386" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tris_Speaker" title="Tris Speaker">Tris Speaker</a> on a 1933 baseball card</figcaption></figure> <p>In September 1920, the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sox_Scandal" title="Black Sox Scandal">Black Sox Scandal</a> came to a boil. With just a few games left in the season, and Cleveland and Chicago neck-and-neck for first place at 94–54 and 95–56 respectively,<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Chicago owner suspended eight players. The White Sox lost two of three in their final series, while Cleveland won four and lost two in their final two series. Cleveland finished two games ahead of Chicago and three games ahead of the Yankees to win its first pennant, led by Speaker's .388 hitting, Jim Bagby's 30 victories and solid performances from <a href="/wiki/Steve_O%27Neill" title="Steve O'Neill">Steve O'Neill</a> and Stan Coveleski. Cleveland went on to defeat the <a href="/wiki/1920_Brooklyn_Robins_season" title="1920 Brooklyn Robins season">Brooklyn Robins</a> 5–2 in the <a href="/wiki/1920_World_Series" title="1920 World Series">World Series</a> for their first title, winning four games in a row after the Robins took a 2–1 Series lead. The Series included three memorable "firsts", all of them in Game 5 at Cleveland, and all by the home team. In the first inning, right fielder <a href="/wiki/Elmer_Smith_(20th_century_outfielder)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elmer Smith (20th century outfielder)">Elmer Smith</a> hit the first Series grand slam. In the fourth inning, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Bagby,_Sr." class="mw-redirect" title="Jim Bagby, Sr.">Jim Bagby</a> hit the first Series home run by a pitcher. In the top of the fifth inning, second baseman <a href="/wiki/Bill_Wambsganss" title="Bill Wambsganss">Bill Wambsganss</a> executed the first (and only, so far) unassisted triple play in World Series history, in fact, the only Series triple play of any kind. </p><p>The team would not reach the heights of 1920 again for 28 years. Speaker and Coveleski were aging and the Yankees were rising with a new weapon: <a href="/wiki/Babe_Ruth" title="Babe Ruth">Babe Ruth</a> and the home run. They managed two second-place finishes but spent much of the decade in last place. In 1927 Dunn's widow, Mrs. George Pross (Dunn had died in 1922), sold the team to a syndicate headed by <a href="/wiki/Alva_Bradley" title="Alva Bradley">Alva Bradley</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1936–1946:_Bob_Feller_enters_the_show"><span id="1936.E2.80.931946:_Bob_Feller_enters_the_show"></span>1936–1946: Bob Feller enters the show</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1936–1946: Bob Feller enters the show"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Indians were a middling team by the 1930s, finishing third or fourth most years. <a href="/wiki/1936_in_baseball" title="1936 in baseball">1936</a> brought Cleveland a new superstar in 17-year-old pitcher <a href="/wiki/Bob_Feller" title="Bob Feller">Bob Feller</a>, who came from <a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a> with a dominating <a href="/wiki/Fastball" title="Fastball">fastball</a>. That season, Feller set a record with 17 strikeouts in a single game and went on to lead the league in strikeouts from 1938 to 1941. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bob_Feller_1953.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Bob_Feller_1953.jpg/170px-Bob_Feller_1953.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Bob_Feller_1953.jpg/255px-Bob_Feller_1953.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Bob_Feller_1953.jpg/340px-Bob_Feller_1953.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1219" data-file-height="1812" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bob_Feller" title="Bob Feller">Bob Feller</a>; winner of the A.L. pitching <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_Triple_Crown" class="mw-redirect" title="Major League Baseball Triple Crown">Triple Crown</a> in 1940, member of the <a href="/wiki/1948_World_Series" title="1948 World Series">1948 World Series</a> Championship team, the Indians all-time leader in wins and strikeouts, and an <a href="/wiki/MLB_Hall_of_Fame" class="mw-redirect" title="MLB Hall of Fame">MLB Hall of Famer</a></figcaption></figure> <p>On August 20, 1938, Indians catchers <a href="/wiki/Hank_Helf" title="Hank Helf">Hank Helf</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frank_Pytlak" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Pytlak">Frank Pytlak</a> set the "all-time altitude mark" by catching baseballs dropped from the 708-foot (216 m) <a href="/wiki/Terminal_Tower" title="Terminal Tower">Terminal Tower</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By <a href="/wiki/1940_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1940 Major League Baseball season">1940</a>, Feller, along with <a href="/wiki/Ken_Keltner" title="Ken Keltner">Ken Keltner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mel_Harder" title="Mel Harder">Mel Harder</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lou_Boudreau" title="Lou Boudreau">Lou Boudreau</a>, led the Indians to within one game of the pennant. However, the team was wracked with dissension, with some players (including Feller and Mel Harder) going so far as to request that Bradley fire manager <a href="/wiki/Ossie_Vitt" title="Ossie Vitt">Ossie Vitt</a>. Reporters lampooned them as the Cleveland Crybabies.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (August 2012)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Feller, who had pitched a <a href="/wiki/No-hitter" title="No-hitter">no-hitter</a> to open the season and won 27 games, lost the final game of the season to unknown pitcher Floyd Giebell of the <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Tigers" title="Detroit Tigers">Detroit Tigers</a>. The <a href="/wiki/1940_Detroit_Tigers_season" title="1940 Detroit Tigers season">Tigers</a> won the pennant and Giebell never won another major league game.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cleveland entered 1941 with a young team and a new manager; <a href="/wiki/Roger_Peckinpaugh" title="Roger Peckinpaugh">Roger Peckinpaugh</a> had replaced the despised Vitt; but the team regressed, finishing in fourth. Cleveland would soon be depleted of two stars. <a href="/wiki/Hal_Trosky" title="Hal Trosky">Hal Trosky</a> retired in 1941 due to migraine headaches<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Bob Feller enlisted in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a> two days after the <a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor" title="Attack on Pearl Harbor">Attack on Pearl Harbor</a>. Starting third baseman <a href="/wiki/Ken_Keltner" title="Ken Keltner">Ken Keltner</a> and outfielder <a href="/wiki/Ray_Mack" title="Ray Mack">Ray Mack</a> were both drafted in 1945 taking two more starters out of the lineup.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1946–1949:_The_Bill_Veeck_years"><span id="1946.E2.80.931949:_The_Bill_Veeck_years"></span>1946–1949: The Bill Veeck years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 1946–1949: The Bill Veeck years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/1946_in_baseball" title="1946 in baseball">1946</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Veeck" title="Bill Veeck">Bill Veeck</a> formed an investment group that purchased the Cleveland Indians from Bradley's group for a reported $1.6 million.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among the investors was <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a>, who had grown up in Cleveland, and former Tigers slugger, <a href="/wiki/Hank_Greenberg" title="Hank Greenberg">Hank Greenberg</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A former owner of a minor league franchise in Milwaukee, Veeck brought to Cleveland a gift for promotion. At one point, Veeck hired rubber-faced<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Max_Patkin" title="Max Patkin">Max Patkin</a>, the "Clown Prince of Baseball" as a coach. Patkin's appearance in the coaching box was the sort of promotional stunt that delighted fans but infuriated the American League front office. </p><p>Recognizing that he had acquired a solid team, Veeck soon abandoned the aging, small and lightless League Park to take up full-time residence in massive <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Municipal_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleveland Municipal Stadium">Cleveland Municipal Stadium</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Borsvold_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Borsvold-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Indians had briefly moved from League Park to Municipal Stadium in mid-1932, but moved back to League Park due to complaints about the cavernous environment. From 1937 onward, however, the Indians began playing an increasing number of games at Municipal, until by 1940 they played most of their home slate there.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> League Park was mostly demolished in 1951, but has since been rebuilt as a recreational park.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Making the most of the cavernous stadium, Veeck had a portable center field fence installed, which he could move in or out depending on how the distance favored the Indians against their opponents in a given series. The fence moved as much as 15 feet (5 m) between series opponents. Following the 1947 season, the American League countered with a rule change that fixed the distance of an outfield wall for the duration of a season. The massive stadium did, however, permit the Indians to set the then-record for the largest crowd to see a Major League baseball game. On October 10, 1948, Game 5 of the <a href="/wiki/1948_World_Series" title="1948 World Series">World Series</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Braves_(baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Braves (baseball)">Boston Braves</a> drew over 84,000. The record stood until the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Dodgers" title="Los Angeles Dodgers">Los Angeles Dodgers</a> drew a crowd in excess of 92,500 to watch Game 5 of the <a href="/wiki/1959_World_Series" title="1959 World Series">1959 World Series</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Memorial_Coliseum" title="Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum">Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_White_Sox" title="Chicago White Sox">Chicago White Sox</a>. </p><p>Under Veeck's leadership, one of Cleveland's most significant achievements was breaking the <a href="/wiki/Baseball_color_line" title="Baseball color line">color barrier</a> in the <a href="/wiki/American_League" title="American League">American League</a> by signing <a href="/wiki/Larry_Doby" title="Larry Doby">Larry Doby</a>, formerly a player for the Negro league's <a href="/wiki/Newark_Eagles" title="Newark Eagles">Newark Eagles</a> in <a href="/wiki/1947_in_baseball" title="1947 in baseball">1947</a>, 11 weeks after <a href="/wiki/Jackie_Robinson" title="Jackie Robinson">Jackie Robinson</a> signed with the <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Dodgers" title="Brooklyn Dodgers">Dodgers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Borsvold_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Borsvold-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similar to Robinson, Doby battled racism on and off the field but posted a .301 batting average in 1948, his first full season. A power-hitting center fielder, Doby led the American League twice in homers. </p><p>In 1948, needing pitching for the stretch run of the pennant race, Veeck turned to the <a href="/wiki/Negro_leagues" class="mw-redirect" title="Negro leagues">Negro leagues</a> again and signed pitching great <a href="/wiki/Satchel_Paige" title="Satchel Paige">Satchel Paige</a> amid much controversy.<sup id="cite_ref-Borsvold_60-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Borsvold-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Barred from Major League Baseball during his prime, Veeck's signing of the aging star in 1948 was viewed by many as another publicity stunt. At an official age of 42, Paige became the oldest rookie in Major League baseball history, and the first black pitcher. Paige ended the year with a 6–1 record with a 2.48 ERA, 45 strikeouts and two shutouts.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LouBoudreau1953bowman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/LouBoudreau1953bowman.jpg/170px-LouBoudreau1953bowman.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/LouBoudreau1953bowman.jpg/255px-LouBoudreau1953bowman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/LouBoudreau1953bowman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="275" data-file-height="415" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lou_Boudreau" title="Lou Boudreau">Lou Boudreau</a>, 1948 American League MVP</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/1948_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1948 Major League Baseball season">1948</a>, veterans Boudreau, Keltner, and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Gordon" title="Joe Gordon">Joe Gordon</a> had career offensive seasons, while newcomers Doby and <a href="/wiki/Gene_Bearden" title="Gene Bearden">Gene Bearden</a> also had standout seasons. The team went down to the wire with the <a href="/wiki/1948_Boston_Red_Sox_season" title="1948 Boston Red Sox season">Boston Red Sox</a>, winning a one-game playoff, the first in American League history, to go to the <a href="/wiki/1948_World_Series" title="1948 World Series">World Series</a>. In the series, the Indians defeated the <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves#History" title="Atlanta Braves">Boston Braves</a> four games to two for their first championship in 28 years. Boudreau won the <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_Most_Valuable_Player_Award" title="Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award">American League MVP Award</a>. </p><p>The Indians appeared in a film the following <a href="/wiki/1949_in_film" title="1949 in film">year</a> titled <i><a href="/wiki/The_Kid_From_Cleveland" class="mw-redirect" title="The Kid From Cleveland">The Kid From Cleveland</a></i>, in which Veeck had an interest.<sup id="cite_ref-Borsvold_60-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Borsvold-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film portrayed the team helping out a "troubled teenaged fan"<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and featured many members of the Indians organization. However, filming during the season cost the players valuable rest days leading to fatigue towards the end of the season.<sup id="cite_ref-Borsvold_60-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Borsvold-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That season, Cleveland again contended before falling to third place. On September 23, 1949, Bill Veeck and the Indians buried their 1948 pennant in center field the day after they were mathematically eliminated from the pennant race.<sup id="cite_ref-Borsvold_60-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Borsvold-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later in 1949, Veeck's first wife (who had a half-stake in Veeck's share of the team) divorced him. With most of his money tied up in the Indians, Veeck was forced to sell the team<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to a syndicate headed by insurance magnate Ellis Ryan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1950–1959:_Near_misses"><span id="1950.E2.80.931959:_Near_misses"></span>1950–1959: Near misses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 1950–1959: Near misses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Al_Rosen_1953.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Al_Rosen_1953.jpg/170px-Al_Rosen_1953.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Al_Rosen_1953.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="252" data-file-height="391" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Al_Rosen" title="Al Rosen">Al Rosen</a>, 1953 Most Valuable Player</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/1953_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1953 Major League Baseball season">1953</a>, <a href="/wiki/Al_Rosen" title="Al Rosen">Al Rosen</a> was an All Star for the second year in a row, was named <i>The Sporting News</i> Major League Player of the Year, and won the <a href="/wiki/American_League_Most_Valuable_Player_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="American League Most Valuable Player Award">American League Most Valuable Player Award</a> in a unanimous vote playing for the Indians after leading the AL in runs, home runs, RBIs (for the second year in a row), and slugging percentage, and coming in second by one point in batting average.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ryan was forced out in 1953 in favor of Myron Wilson, who in turn gave way to William Daley in <a href="/wiki/1956_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1956 Major League Baseball season">1956</a>. Despite this turnover in the ownership, a powerhouse team composed of Feller, Doby, <a href="/wiki/Minnie_Mi%C3%B1oso" title="Minnie Miñoso">Minnie Miñoso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luke_Easter_(baseball)" title="Luke Easter (baseball)">Luke Easter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_%C3%81vila" title="Bobby Ávila">Bobby Ávila</a>, <a href="/wiki/Al_Rosen" title="Al Rosen">Al Rosen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Early_Wynn" title="Early Wynn">Early Wynn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Lemon" title="Bob Lemon">Bob Lemon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mike_Garcia_(AL_pitcher)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Garcia (AL pitcher)">Mike Garcia</a> continued to contend through the early 1950s. However, Cleveland only won a single pennant in the decade, in 1954, finishing second to the <a href="/wiki/1954_New_York_Yankees_season" title="1954 New York Yankees season">New York Yankees</a> five times. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Herb_Score_1955.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Herb_Score_1955.JPG/170px-Herb_Score_1955.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="252" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Herb_Score_1955.JPG/255px-Herb_Score_1955.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Herb_Score_1955.JPG/340px-Herb_Score_1955.JPG 2x" data-file-width="893" data-file-height="1325" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Herb_Score" title="Herb Score">Herb Score</a> – who was the 1955 <a href="/wiki/American_League_Rookie_of_the_Year" class="mw-redirect" title="American League Rookie of the Year">American League Rookie of the Year</a>, a two-time A.L. All-Star, and after his playing career was a member of the Indians broadcast team for 34 seasons (1964–1997).</figcaption></figure> <p>The winningest season in franchise history came in 1954, when the <a href="/wiki/1954_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1954 Cleveland Indians season">Indians</a> finished the season with a record of 111–43 (.721). That mark set an American League record for wins that stood for 44 years until the <a href="/wiki/1998_New_York_Yankees_season" title="1998 New York Yankees season">Yankees</a> won 114 games in 1998 (a 162-game regular season). The Indians' 1954 winning percentage of .721 is still an American League record. The Indians returned to the <a href="/wiki/1954_World_Series" title="1954 World Series">World Series</a> to face the <a href="/wiki/1954_New_York_Giants_(MLB)_season" title="1954 New York Giants (MLB) season">New York Giants</a>. The team could not bring home the title, however, ultimately being upset by the Giants in a sweep. The series was notable for <a href="/wiki/Willie_Mays" title="Willie Mays">Willie Mays</a>' <a href="/wiki/The_Catch_(baseball)" title="The Catch (baseball)">over-the-shoulder catch</a> off the bat of <a href="/wiki/Vic_Wertz" title="Vic Wertz">Vic Wertz</a> in Game 1. Cleveland remained a talented team throughout the remainder of the decade, finishing in second place in 1959, <a href="/wiki/George_Strickland_(baseball)" title="George Strickland (baseball)">George Strickland</a>'s last full year in the majors. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1960–1993:_The_33-year_slump"><span id="1960.E2.80.931993:_The_33-year_slump"></span>1960–1993: The 33-year slump</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 1960–1993: The 33-year slump"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 1960 to 1993, the Indians managed one third-place finish (in 1968) and six fourth-place finishes (in 1960, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1990, and 1992) but spent the rest of the time at or near the bottom of the standings, including four seasons with over 100 losses (1971, 1985, 1987, 1991). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Frank_Lane_becomes_general_manager">Frank Lane becomes general manager</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Frank Lane becomes general manager"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Indians hired general manager <a href="/wiki/Frank_Lane" title="Frank Lane">Frank Lane</a>, known as "Trader" Lane, away from the <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Cardinals" title="St. Louis Cardinals">St. Louis Cardinals</a> in 1957. Lane over the years had gained a reputation as a GM who loved to make deals. With the White Sox, Lane had made over 100 trades involving over 400 players in seven years.<sup id="cite_ref-Cards_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cards-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a short stint in St. Louis, he traded away <a href="/wiki/Red_Schoendienst" title="Red Schoendienst">Red Schoendienst</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Haddix" title="Harvey Haddix">Harvey Haddix</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cards_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cards-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lane summed up his philosophy when he said that the only deals he regretted were the ones that he did not make.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of Lane's early trades in Cleveland was to send <a href="/wiki/Roger_Maris" title="Roger Maris">Roger Maris</a> to the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Kansas_City_Athletics" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Kansas City Athletics">Kansas City Athletics</a> in the middle of 1958. Indians executive <a href="/wiki/Hank_Greenberg" title="Hank Greenberg">Hank Greenberg</a> was not happy about the trade<sup id="cite_ref-Maris_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Maris-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and neither was Maris, who said that he could not stand Lane.<sup id="cite_ref-Maris_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Maris-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Maris broke Babe Ruth's home run record, Lane defended himself by saying he still would have done the deal because Maris was unknown and he received good ballplayers in exchange.<sup id="cite_ref-Maris_69-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Maris-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the Maris trade, Lane acquired 25-year-old <a href="/wiki/Norm_Cash" title="Norm Cash">Norm Cash</a> from the White Sox for <a href="/wiki/Minnie_Mi%C3%B1oso" title="Minnie Miñoso">Minnie Miñoso</a> and then traded him to Detroit before he ever played a game for the Indians; Cash went on to hit over 350 home runs for the Tigers. The Indians received <a href="/wiki/Steve_Demeter" title="Steve Demeter">Steve Demeter</a> in the deal, who had only five at-bats for Cleveland.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Curse_of_Rocky_Colavito">Curse of Rocky Colavito</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Curse of Rocky Colavito"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Curse_of_Rocky_Colavito" title="Curse of Rocky Colavito">Curse of Rocky Colavito</a></div> <p>In 1960, Lane made the trade that would define his tenure in Cleveland when he dealt slugging right fielder and fan favorite<sup id="cite_ref-Colavito_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Colavito-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Colavito" title="Rocky Colavito">Rocky Colavito</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Tigers" title="Detroit Tigers">Detroit Tigers</a> for <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Kuenn" title="Harvey Kuenn">Harvey Kuenn</a> just before Opening Day in <a href="/wiki/1960_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1960 Major League Baseball season">1960</a>. </p><p>It was a blockbuster trade that swapped the <a href="/wiki/1959_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1959 Major League Baseball season">1959</a> AL home run co-champion (Colavito) for the AL batting champion (Kuenn). After the trade, however, Colavito hit over 30 home runs four times and made three All-Star teams for Detroit and Kansas City before returning to Cleveland in <a href="/wiki/1965_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1965 Major League Baseball season">1965</a>. Kuenn, on the other hand, played only one season for the Indians before departing for <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Giants" title="San Francisco Giants">San Francisco</a> in a trade for an aging <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Antonelli" title="Johnny Antonelli">Johnny Antonelli</a> and <a href="/wiki/Willie_Kirkland" title="Willie Kirkland">Willie Kirkland</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Akron_Beacon_Journal" title="Akron Beacon Journal">Akron Beacon Journal</a></i> columnist <a href="/wiki/Terry_Pluto" title="Terry Pluto">Terry Pluto</a> documented the decades of woe that followed the trade in his book <i>The Curse of Rocky Colavito</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite being attached to the curse, Colavito said that he never placed a curse on the Indians but that the trade was prompted by a salary dispute with Lane.<sup id="cite_ref-Curse_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Curse-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lane also engineered a unique trade of managers in mid-season 1960, sending <a href="/wiki/Joe_Gordon" title="Joe Gordon">Joe Gordon</a> to the Tigers in exchange for <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Dykes" title="Jimmy Dykes">Jimmy Dykes</a>. Lane left the team in 1961, but ill-advised trades continued. In 1965, the Indians traded pitcher <a href="/wiki/Tommy_John" title="Tommy John">Tommy John</a>, who would go on to win 288 games in his career, and 1966 Rookie of the Year <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Agee" class="mw-redirect" title="Tommy Agee">Tommy Agee</a> to the White Sox to get Colavito back.<sup id="cite_ref-Curse_73-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Curse-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, Indians' pitchers set numerous strikeout records. They led the league in K's every year from 1963 to 1968, and narrowly missed in 1969. The 1964 staff was the first to amass 1,100 strikeouts, and in 1968, they were the first to collect more strikeouts than hits allowed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Move_to_the_AL_East_division">Move to the AL East division</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Move to the AL East division"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1970s were not much better, with the Indians trading away several future stars, including <a href="/wiki/Graig_Nettles" title="Graig Nettles">Graig Nettles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Eckersley" title="Dennis Eckersley">Dennis Eckersley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buddy_Bell" title="Buddy Bell">Buddy Bell</a> and 1971 Rookie of the Year <a href="/wiki/Chris_Chambliss" title="Chris Chambliss">Chris Chambliss</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for a number of players who made no impact.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Constant ownership changes did not help the Indians. In 1963, Daley's syndicate sold the team to a group headed by general manager <a href="/wiki/Gabe_Paul" title="Gabe Paul">Gabe Paul</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-TBT_29-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TBT-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three years later, Paul sold the Indians to <a href="/wiki/Vernon_Stouffer" title="Vernon Stouffer">Vernon Stouffer</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the <a href="/wiki/Stouffer%27s" title="Stouffer's">Stouffer's</a> frozen-food empire. Prior to Stouffer's purchase, the team was rumored to be relocated due to poor attendance. Despite the potential for a financially strong owner, Stouffer had some non-baseball related financial setbacks and, consequently, the team was cash-poor. In order to solve some financial problems, Stouffer had made an agreement to play a minimum of 30 home games in <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a> with a view to a possible move there.<sup id="cite_ref-Mileti_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mileti-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After rejecting an offer from <a href="/wiki/George_Steinbrenner" title="George Steinbrenner">George Steinbrenner</a> and former Indian <a href="/wiki/Al_Rosen" title="Al Rosen">Al Rosen</a>, Stouffer sold the team in 1972 to a group led by <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Cavaliers" title="Cleveland Cavaliers">Cleveland Cavaliers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Barons_(1937%E2%80%931973)" title="Cleveland Barons (1937–1973)">Cleveland Barons</a> owner <a href="/wiki/Nick_Mileti" title="Nick Mileti">Nick Mileti</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Mileti_77-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mileti-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Steinbrenner went on to buy the New York Yankees in 1973.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Only five years later, Mileti's group sold the team for $11 million to a syndicate headed by trucking magnate Steve O'Neill and including former general manager and owner Gabe Paul.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> O'Neill's death in 1983 led to the team going on the market once more. O'Neill's nephew Patrick O'Neill did not find a buyer until real estate magnates <a href="/wiki/Richard_Jacobs_(businessman)" title="Richard Jacobs (businessman)">Richard</a> and David Jacobs purchased the team in 1986.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The team was unable to move out of last place, with losing seasons between 1969 and 1975. One highlight was the acquisition of <a href="/wiki/Gaylord_Perry" title="Gaylord Perry">Gaylord Perry</a> in <a href="/wiki/1972_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1972 Major League Baseball season">1972</a>. The Indians traded fireballer <a href="/wiki/Sam_McDowell" title="Sam McDowell">"Sudden Sam" McDowell</a> for Perry, who became the first Indian pitcher to win the <a href="/wiki/Cy_Young_Award" title="Cy Young Award">Cy Young Award</a>. In <a href="/wiki/1975_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1975 Major League Baseball season">1975</a>, Cleveland broke another color barrier with the hiring of <a href="/wiki/Frank_Robinson" title="Frank Robinson">Frank Robinson</a> as Major League Baseball's first African American manager. Robinson served as player-manager and provided a franchise highlight when he hit a pinch-hit home run on Opening Day. But the high-profile signing of <a href="/wiki/Wayne_Garland" title="Wayne Garland">Wayne Garland</a>, a 20-game winner in <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Orioles" title="Baltimore Orioles">Baltimore</a>, proved to be a disaster after Garland suffered from shoulder problems and went 28–48 over five years.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The team failed to improve with Robinson as manager and he was fired in <a href="/wiki/1977_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1977 Major League Baseball season">1977</a>. In 1977, pitcher <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Eckersley" title="Dennis Eckersley">Dennis Eckersley</a> threw a no-hitter against the <a href="/wiki/1977_California_Angels_season" title="1977 California Angels season">California Angels</a>. The next season, he was traded to the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox" title="Boston Red Sox">Boston Red Sox</a> where he won 20 games in 1978 and another 17 in 1979. </p><p>The 1970s also featured the infamous <a href="/wiki/Ten_Cent_Beer_Night" title="Ten Cent Beer Night">Ten Cent Beer Night</a> at Cleveland Municipal Stadium. The ill-conceived promotion at a 1974 game against the <a href="/wiki/1974_Texas_Rangers_season" title="1974 Texas Rangers season">Texas Rangers</a> ended in a riot by fans and a forfeit by the Indians.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There were more bright spots in the 1980s. In May 1981, <a href="/wiki/Len_Barker" title="Len Barker">Len Barker</a> threw a <a href="/wiki/Perfect_game_(baseball)" title="Perfect game (baseball)">perfect game</a> against the <a href="/wiki/1981_Toronto_Blue_Jays_season" title="1981 Toronto Blue Jays season">Toronto Blue Jays</a>, joining Addie Joss as the only other Indian pitcher to do so.<sup id="cite_ref-Barker_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barker-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Joe_Charboneau" title="Joe Charboneau">"Super Joe" Charboneau</a> won the <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_Rookie_of_the_Year_Award" title="Major League Baseball Rookie of the Year Award">American League Rookie of the Year</a> award. Unfortunately, Charboneau was out of baseball by 1983 after falling victim to back injuries<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Barker, who was also hampered by injuries, never became a consistently dominant starting pitcher.<sup id="cite_ref-Barker_83-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barker-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Frank_Robinson_1975_(1).jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Frank_Robinson_1975_%281%29.jpeg/180px-Frank_Robinson_1975_%281%29.jpeg" decoding="async" width="180" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Frank_Robinson_1975_%281%29.jpeg/270px-Frank_Robinson_1975_%281%29.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Frank_Robinson_1975_%281%29.jpeg/360px-Frank_Robinson_1975_%281%29.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1875" data-file-height="2492" /></a><figcaption>In 1975, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Robinson" title="Frank Robinson">Frank Robinson</a> became the first <a href="/wiki/African-American" class="mw-redirect" title="African-American">African-American</a> manager in MLB history. </figcaption></figure> <p>Eventually, the Indians traded Barker to the <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves" title="Atlanta Braves">Atlanta Braves</a> for <a href="/wiki/Brett_Butler_(baseball)" title="Brett Butler (baseball)">Brett Butler</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brook_Jacoby" title="Brook Jacoby">Brook Jacoby</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Barker_83-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barker-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who became mainstays of the team for the remainder of the decade. Butler and Jacoby were joined by <a href="/wiki/Joe_Carter" title="Joe Carter">Joe Carter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mel_Hall" title="Mel Hall">Mel Hall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julio_Franco" title="Julio Franco">Julio Franco</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cory_Snyder" title="Cory Snyder">Cory Snyder</a>, bringing new hope to fans in the late 1980s.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cleveland's struggles over the 30-year span were highlighted in the 1989 film <i><a href="/wiki/Major_League_(film)" title="Major League (film)">Major League</a></i>, which comically depicted a hapless Cleveland ball club going from worst to first by the end of the film. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Slider_5-28-12.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Slider_5-28-12.jpg/220px-Slider_5-28-12.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Slider_5-28-12.jpg/330px-Slider_5-28-12.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Slider_5-28-12.jpg/440px-Slider_5-28-12.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2767" data-file-height="2319" /></a><figcaption>Slider, the team mascot since 1990</figcaption></figure> <p>Throughout the 1980s, the Indians' owners had pushed for a new stadium. Cleveland Stadium had been a symbol of the Indians' glory years in the 1940s and 1950s.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, during the lean years even crowds of 40,000 were swallowed up by the cavernous environment. The old stadium was not aging gracefully; chunks of concrete were falling off in sections and the old wooden pilings were petrifying.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1984, a proposal for a $150 million domed stadium was defeated in a referendum 2–1.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Finally, in May 1990, <a href="/wiki/Cuyahoga_County,_Ohio" title="Cuyahoga County, Ohio">Cuyahoga County</a> voters passed an <a href="/wiki/Pigovian_tax" class="mw-redirect" title="Pigovian tax">excise tax</a> on sales of alcohol and cigarettes in the county. The tax proceeds were to be used for financing the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Gateway_Sports_and_Entertainment_Complex" title="Gateway Sports and Entertainment Complex">Gateway Sports and Entertainment Complex</a>, which would include <a href="/wiki/Jacobs_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacobs Field">Jacobs Field</a> for the Indians and <a href="/wiki/Gund_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Gund Arena">Gund Arena</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Cavaliers" title="Cleveland Cavaliers">Cleveland Cavaliers</a> basketball team.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The team's fortunes started to turn in <a href="/wiki/1989_in_baseball" title="1989 in baseball">1989</a>, ironically with a very unpopular trade. The team sent power-hitting outfielder <a href="/wiki/Joe_Carter" title="Joe Carter">Joe Carter</a> to the <a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Padres" title="San Diego Padres">San Diego Padres</a> for two unproven players, <a href="/wiki/Sandy_Alomar_Jr." title="Sandy Alomar Jr.">Sandy Alomar Jr.</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Baerga" title="Carlos Baerga">Carlos Baerga</a>. Alomar made an immediate impact, not only being elected to the <a href="/wiki/1990_Major_League_Baseball_All-Star_Game" title="1990 Major League Baseball All-Star Game">All-Star team</a> but also winning Cleveland's fourth <a href="/wiki/MLB_Rookie_of_the_Year_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="MLB Rookie of the Year Award">Rookie of the Year</a> award and a <a href="/wiki/Gold_Glove_Award" title="Gold Glove Award">Gold Glove</a>. Baerga became a three-time All-Star with consistent offensive production. </p><p>Indians general manager <a href="/wiki/John_Hart_(baseball)" title="John Hart (baseball)">John Hart</a> made a number of moves that finally brought success to the team. In <a href="/wiki/1991_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1991 Major League Baseball season">1991</a>, he hired former Indian <a href="/wiki/Mike_Hargrove" title="Mike Hargrove">Mike Hargrove</a> to manage and traded catcher <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Taubensee" title="Eddie Taubensee">Eddie Taubensee</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Houston_Astros" title="Houston Astros">Houston Astros</a> who, with a surplus of outfielders, were willing to part with <a href="/wiki/Kenny_Lofton" title="Kenny Lofton">Kenny Lofton</a>. Lofton finished second in AL Rookie of the Year balloting with a .285 average and 66 <a href="/wiki/Stolen_base" title="Stolen base">stolen bases</a>. </p><p>The Indians were named "Organization of the Year" by <i>Baseball America</i><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 1992, in response to the appearance of offensive bright spots and an improving <a href="/wiki/Farm_team" title="Farm team">farm system</a>. </p><p>The team suffered a tragedy during spring training of <a href="/wiki/1993_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1993 Major League Baseball season">1993</a>, when a boat carrying pitchers <a href="/wiki/Steve_Olin" title="Steve Olin">Steve Olin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tim_Crews" title="Tim Crews">Tim Crews</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bob_Ojeda" title="Bob Ojeda">Bob Ojeda</a> crashed into a pier. Olin and Crews were killed, and Ojeda was seriously injured. (Ojeda missed most of the season, and retired the following year).<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the end of the 1993 season, the team was in transition, leaving Cleveland Stadium and fielding a talented nucleus of young players. Many of those players came from the Indians' new <a href="/wiki/AAA_(baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="AAA (baseball)">AAA</a> farm team, the <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Knights" title="Charlotte Knights">Charlotte Knights</a>, who won the <a href="/wiki/International_League" title="International League">International League</a> title that year. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1994–2001:_New_beginnings"><span id="1994.E2.80.932001:_New_beginnings"></span>1994–2001: New beginnings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 1994–2001: New beginnings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1994:_Jacobs_Field_opens">1994: Jacobs Field opens</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: 1994: Jacobs Field opens"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1994_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1994 Cleveland Indians season">1994 Cleveland Indians season</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Progressive_Field.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Progressive_Field.jpg/220px-Progressive_Field.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Progressive_Field.jpg/330px-Progressive_Field.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Progressive_Field.jpg/440px-Progressive_Field.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Field" title="Progressive Field">Progressive Field</a> in 2008</figcaption></figure> <p>Indians General Manager <a href="/wiki/John_Hart_(baseball)" title="John Hart (baseball)">John Hart</a> and team owner <a href="/wiki/Richard_Jacobs_(businessman)" title="Richard Jacobs (businessman)">Richard Jacobs</a> managed to turn the team's fortunes around. The Indians opened <a href="/wiki/Jacobs_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacobs Field">Jacobs Field</a> in 1994 with the aim of improving on the prior season's sixth-place finish. The Indians were only one game behind the division-leading <a href="/wiki/1994_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1994 Chicago White Sox season">Chicago White Sox</a> on August 12 when a <a href="/wiki/1994%E2%80%9395_Major_League_Baseball_strike" title="1994–95 Major League Baseball strike">players strike</a> wiped out the rest of the season. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1995–1996:_First_AL_pennant_since_1954"><span id="1995.E2.80.931996:_First_AL_pennant_since_1954"></span>1995–1996: First AL pennant since 1954</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: 1995–1996: First AL pennant since 1954"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Having contended for the division in the aborted 1994 season, Cleveland sprinted to a 100–44 record (the season was shortened by 18 games due to player/owner negotiations) in 1995, winning its first-ever divisional title. Veterans <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Dennis Martínez">Dennis Martínez</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orel_Hershiser" title="Orel Hershiser">Orel Hershiser</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Murray" title="Eddie Murray">Eddie Murray</a> combined with a young core of players including <a href="/wiki/Omar_Vizquel" title="Omar Vizquel">Omar Vizquel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albert_Belle" title="Albert Belle">Albert Belle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Thome" title="Jim Thome">Jim Thome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manny_Ram%C3%ADrez" class="mw-redirect" title="Manny Ramírez">Manny Ramírez</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kenny_Lofton" title="Kenny Lofton">Kenny Lofton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Nagy" title="Charles Nagy">Charles Nagy</a> to lead the league in team batting average as well as team ERA. </p><p>After defeating the <a href="/wiki/1995_Boston_Red_Sox_season" title="1995 Boston Red Sox season">Boston Red Sox</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1995_American_League_Division_Series" title="1995 American League Division Series">Division Series</a> and the <a href="/wiki/1995_Seattle_Mariners_season" title="1995 Seattle Mariners season">Seattle Mariners</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1995_American_League_Championship_Series" title="1995 American League Championship Series">ALCS</a>, Cleveland clinched the American League pennant and a <a href="/wiki/World_Series" title="World Series">World Series</a> berth, for the first time since 1954. The <a href="/wiki/1995_World_Series" title="1995 World Series">World Series</a> ended in disappointment, however: the Indians fell in six games to the <a href="/wiki/1995_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1995 Atlanta Braves season">Atlanta Braves</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kenny_Lofton_1996.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Kenny_Lofton_1996.jpg/220px-Kenny_Lofton_1996.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Kenny_Lofton_1996.jpg/330px-Kenny_Lofton_1996.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Kenny_Lofton_1996.jpg/440px-Kenny_Lofton_1996.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kenny_Lofton" title="Kenny Lofton">Kenny Lofton</a> in 1996</figcaption></figure> <p>Tickets for every Indians home game sold out several months before opening day in 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-Tickets_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tickets-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Indians repeated as AL Central champions but lost to the <a href="/wiki/Wild_card_(sports)" title="Wild card (sports)">wild card</a> <a href="/wiki/1996_Baltimore_Orioles_season" title="1996 Baltimore Orioles season">Baltimore Orioles</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1996_American_League_Division_Series" title="1996 American League Division Series">Division Series</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1997:_Two_outs_away">1997: Two outs away</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: 1997: Two outs away"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1997_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1997 Cleveland Indians season">1997 Cleveland Indians season</a></div> <p>In 1997, Cleveland started slow but finished with an 86–75 record. Taking their third consecutive AL Central title, the Indians defeated the <a href="/wiki/1997_New_York_Yankees_season" title="1997 New York Yankees season">New York Yankees</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1997_American_League_Division_Series" title="1997 American League Division Series">Division Series</a>, 3–2. After defeating the <a href="/wiki/1997_Baltimore_Orioles_season" title="1997 Baltimore Orioles season">Baltimore Orioles</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1997_American_League_Championship_Series" title="1997 American League Championship Series">ALCS</a>, Cleveland went on to face the <a href="/wiki/1997_Florida_Marlins_season" title="1997 Florida Marlins season">Florida Marlins</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1997_World_Series" title="1997 World Series">World Series</a> that featured the coldest game in World Series history. With the series tied after Game 6, the Indians went into the ninth inning of Game Seven with a 2–1 lead, but closer <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mesa" title="José Mesa">José Mesa</a> allowed the Marlins to tie the game. In the eleventh inning, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89dgar_Renter%C3%ADa" title="Édgar Rentería">Édgar Rentería</a> drove in the winning run giving the Marlins their first championship. Cleveland became the first team to lose the World Series after carrying the lead into the ninth inning of the seventh game.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1998–2001"><span id="1998.E2.80.932001"></span>1998–2001</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: 1998–2001"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/1998_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1998 Cleveland Indians season">1998</a>, the Indians made the postseason for the fourth straight year. After defeating the wild-card <a href="/wiki/1998_Boston_Red_Sox_season" title="1998 Boston Red Sox season">Boston Red Sox</a> 3–1 in the <a href="/wiki/1998_American_League_Division_Series" title="1998 American League Division Series">Division Series</a>, Cleveland lost the <a href="/wiki/1998_American_League_Championship_Series" title="1998 American League Championship Series">1998 ALCS</a> in six games to the <a href="/wiki/1998_New_York_Yankees_season" title="1998 New York Yankees season">New York Yankees</a>, who had come into the postseason with a then-AL record 114 wins in the regular season.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For the <a href="/wiki/1999_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1999 Cleveland Indians season">1999 season</a>, Cleveland added relief pitcher <a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Rinc%C3%B3n" title="Ricardo Rincón">Ricardo Rincón</a> and second baseman <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Alomar" title="Roberto Alomar">Roberto Alomar</a>, brother of catcher Sandy Alomar Jr.,<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and won the Central Division title for the fifth consecutive year. The team scored 1,009 runs, becoming the first (and to date only) team since the 1950 Boston Red Sox to score more than 1,000 runs in a season. This time, Cleveland did not make it past the first round, losing the <a href="/wiki/1999_American_League_Division_Series" title="1999 American League Division Series">Division Series</a> to the <a href="/wiki/1999_Boston_Red_Sox_season" title="1999 Boston Red Sox season">Red Sox</a>, despite taking a 2–0 lead in the series. In game three, Indians starter Dave Burba went down with an injury in the 4th inning.<sup id="cite_ref-Burba_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burba-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Four pitchers, including presumed game four starter <a href="/wiki/Jaret_Wright" title="Jaret Wright">Jaret Wright</a>, surrendered nine runs in relief. Without a long reliever or emergency starter on the playoff roster, Hargrove started both <a href="/wiki/Bartolo_Col%C3%B3n" title="Bartolo Colón">Bartolo Colón</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Nagy" title="Charles Nagy">Charles Nagy</a> in games four and five on only three days rest.<sup id="cite_ref-Burba_96-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burba-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Indians lost game four 23–7 and game five 12–8.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Four days later, Hargrove was dismissed as manager.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2000, the <a href="/wiki/2000_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2000 Cleveland Indians season">Indians</a> had a 44–42 start, but caught fire after the All Star break and went 46–30 the rest of the way to finish 90–72.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The team had one of the league's best offenses that year and a defense that yielded three gold gloves. However, they ended up five games behind the <a href="/wiki/2000_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2000 Chicago White Sox season">Chicago White Sox</a> in the Central division and missed the wild card by one game to the <a href="/wiki/2000_Seattle_Mariners_season" title="2000 Seattle Mariners season">Seattle Mariners</a>. Mid-season trades brought <a href="/wiki/Bob_Wickman" title="Bob Wickman">Bob Wickman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jake_Westbrook" title="Jake Westbrook">Jake Westbrook</a> to Cleveland. After the season, free-agent outfielder <a href="/wiki/Manny_Ram%C3%ADrez" class="mw-redirect" title="Manny Ramírez">Manny Ramírez</a> departed for the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox" title="Boston Red Sox">Boston Red Sox</a>. </p><p>In 2000, <a href="/wiki/Larry_Dolan" title="Larry Dolan">Larry Dolan</a> bought the Indians for $320 million from Richard Jacobs, who, along with his late brother David, had paid $45 million for the club in 1986. The sale set a record at the time for the sale of a baseball franchise.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/2001_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2001 Cleveland Indians season">2001</a> saw a return to the postseason. After the departures of Ramírez and <a href="/wiki/Sandy_Alomar_Jr." title="Sandy Alomar Jr.">Sandy Alomar Jr.</a>, the Indians signed <a href="/wiki/Ellis_Burks" title="Ellis Burks">Ellis Burks</a> and former <a href="/wiki/MLB_Most_Valuable_Player_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="MLB Most Valuable Player Award">MVP</a> <a href="/wiki/Juan_Gonz%C3%A1lez_(baseball)" title="Juan González (baseball)">Juan González</a>, who helped the team win the Central division with a 91–71 record. One of the highlights came on August 5, when the Indians completed the biggest comeback in MLB History. Cleveland rallied to close a 14–2 deficit in the seventh inning to defeat the <a href="/wiki/2001_Seattle_Mariners_season" title="2001 Seattle Mariners season">Seattle Mariners</a> 15–14 in 11 innings. The Mariners, who won an MLB record-tying 116 games that season, had a strong bullpen, and Indians manager <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Manuel" title="Charlie Manuel">Charlie Manuel</a> had already pulled many of his starters with the game seemingly out of reach. </p><p>Seattle and Cleveland met in the <a href="/wiki/2001_American_League_Division_Series" title="2001 American League Division Series">first round of the postseason</a>; however, the Mariners won the series 3–2. In the 2001–02 offseason, GM John Hart resigned and his assistant, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Shapiro_(sports_executive)" title="Mark Shapiro (sports executive)">Mark Shapiro</a>, took the reins. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2002–2010:_The_Shapiro/Wedge_years"><span id="2002.E2.80.932010:_The_Shapiro.2FWedge_years"></span>2002–2010: The Shapiro/Wedge years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: 2002–2010: The Shapiro/Wedge years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mark_Shapiro.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Mark_Shapiro.png/170px-Mark_Shapiro.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Mark_Shapiro.png 1.5x" data-file-width="216" data-file-height="336" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mark_Shapiro_(sports_executive)" title="Mark Shapiro (sports executive)">Mark Shapiro</a> – Indians GM from 2001 to 2010, President from 2010 to 2015, and two-time <a href="/wiki/Sporting_News_Executive_of_the_Year_Award" title="Sporting News Executive of the Year Award">Sporting News Executive of the Year</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="First_"rebuilding_of_the_team""><span id="First_.22rebuilding_of_the_team.22"></span>First "rebuilding of the team"</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: First "rebuilding of the team""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shapiro moved to rebuild by dealing aging veterans for younger talent. He traded <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Alomar" title="Roberto Alomar">Roberto Alomar</a> to the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Mets" title="New York Mets">New York Mets</a> for a package that included outfielder <a href="/wiki/Matt_Lawton" title="Matt Lawton">Matt Lawton</a> and prospects <a href="/wiki/Alex_Escobar" title="Alex Escobar">Alex Escobar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Billy_Traber" title="Billy Traber">Billy Traber</a>. When the team fell out of contention in mid-<a href="/wiki/2002_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="2002 Major League Baseball season">2002</a>, Shapiro fired manager <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Manuel" title="Charlie Manuel">Charlie Manuel</a> and traded pitching ace <a href="/wiki/Bartolo_Col%C3%B3n" title="Bartolo Colón">Bartolo Colón</a> for prospects <a href="/wiki/Brandon_Phillips" title="Brandon Phillips">Brandon Phillips</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cliff_Lee" title="Cliff Lee">Cliff Lee</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Grady_Sizemore" title="Grady Sizemore">Grady Sizemore</a>; acquired <a href="/wiki/Travis_Hafner" title="Travis Hafner">Travis Hafner</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Rangers_(baseball)" title="Texas Rangers (baseball)">Rangers</a> for <a href="/wiki/Ryan_Drese" title="Ryan Drese">Ryan Drese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Einar_D%C3%ADaz" title="Einar Díaz">Einar Díaz</a>; and picked up <a href="/wiki/Coco_Crisp" title="Coco Crisp">Coco Crisp</a> from the <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Cardinals" title="St. Louis Cardinals">St. Louis Cardinals</a> for aging starter <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Finley" title="Chuck Finley">Chuck Finley</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jim_Thome" title="Jim Thome">Jim Thome</a> left after the season, going to the Phillies for a larger contract. </p><p>Young Indians teams finished far out of contention in 2002 and <a href="/wiki/2003_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="2003 Major League Baseball season">2003</a> under new manager <a href="/wiki/Eric_Wedge" title="Eric Wedge">Eric Wedge</a>. They posted strong offensive numbers in <a href="/wiki/2004_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="2004 Major League Baseball season">2004</a>, but continued to struggle with a bullpen that blew more than 20 saves. A highlight of the season was a 22–0 victory over the <a href="/wiki/2004_New_York_Yankees_season" title="2004 New York Yankees season">New York Yankees</a> on August 31, one of the worst defeats suffered by the Yankees in team history.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In early <a href="/wiki/2005_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="2005 Major League Baseball season">2005</a>, the offense got off to a poor start. After a brief July slump, the <a href="/wiki/2005_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2005 Cleveland Indians season">Indians</a> caught fire in August, and cut a 15.5 game deficit in the Central Division down to 1.5 games. However, the season came to an end as the Indians went on to lose six of their last seven games, five of them by one run, missing the playoffs by only two games. Shapiro was named <a href="/wiki/Sporting_News_Executive_of_the_Year_Award" title="Sporting News Executive of the Year Award">Executive of the Year</a> in 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-cleveland.com_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cleveland.com-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/2006_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="2006 Major League Baseball season">The next season</a>, the club made several roster changes, while retaining its nucleus of young players. The off-season was highlighted by the acquisition of top prospect <a href="/wiki/Andy_Marte" title="Andy Marte">Andy Marte</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox" title="Boston Red Sox">Boston Red Sox</a>. The Indians had a solid offensive season, led by career years from <a href="/wiki/Travis_Hafner" title="Travis Hafner">Travis Hafner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Grady_Sizemore" title="Grady Sizemore">Grady Sizemore</a>. Hafner, despite missing the last month of the season, tied the single season grand slam record of six, which was set in <a href="/wiki/1987_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1987 Major League Baseball season">1987</a> by <a href="/wiki/Don_Mattingly" title="Don Mattingly">Don Mattingly</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite the solid offensive performance, the bullpen struggled with 23 blown saves (a Major League worst), and the Indians finished a disappointing fourth.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/2007_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="2007 Major League Baseball season">2007</a>, Shapiro signed veteran help for the bullpen and outfield in the offseason. Veterans <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Fultz" title="Aaron Fultz">Aaron Fultz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Borowski_(baseball)" title="Joe Borowski (baseball)">Joe Borowski</a> joined <a href="/wiki/Rafael_Betancourt" title="Rafael Betancourt">Rafael Betancourt</a> in the Indians bullpen.<sup id="cite_ref-MLB2007_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MLB2007-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Indians improved significantly over the prior year and went into the All-Star break in second place. The team brought back <a href="/wiki/Kenny_Lofton" title="Kenny Lofton">Kenny Lofton</a> for his third stint with the team in late July.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Indians finished with a 96–66 record tied with the Red Sox for best in baseball, their seventh Central Division title in 13 years and their first postseason trip since 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-WP2007_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WP2007-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CC_Sabathia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/CC_Sabathia.jpg/170px-CC_Sabathia.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/CC_Sabathia.jpg/255px-CC_Sabathia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/CC_Sabathia.jpg/340px-CC_Sabathia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1489" data-file-height="1881" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/CC_Sabathia" title="CC Sabathia">CC Sabathia</a> won the 2007 AL <a href="/wiki/Cy_Young_Award" title="Cy Young Award">Cy Young Award</a> with the Indians.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cliff_Lee_Follows_Through.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Cliff_Lee_Follows_Through.jpg/220px-Cliff_Lee_Follows_Through.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Cliff_Lee_Follows_Through.jpg/330px-Cliff_Lee_Follows_Through.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Cliff_Lee_Follows_Through.jpg/440px-Cliff_Lee_Follows_Through.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1775" data-file-height="1176" /></a><figcaption>Sabathia's teammate <a href="/wiki/Cliff_Lee" title="Cliff Lee">Cliff Lee</a> won the AL Cy Young Award in 2008.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Indians began their playoff run by defeating the <a href="/wiki/2007_New_York_Yankees_season" title="2007 New York Yankees season">Yankees</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2007_American_League_Division_Series" title="2007 American League Division Series">ALDS</a> three games to one. This series will be most remembered for the swarm of bugs that overtook the field in the later innings of Game Two. They also jumped out to a three-games-to-one lead over the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox" title="Boston Red Sox">Red Sox</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2007_American_League_Championship_Series" title="2007 American League Championship Series">ALCS</a>. The season ended in disappointment when Boston swept the final three games to advance to the <a href="/wiki/2007_World_Series" title="2007 World Series">2007 World Series</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WP2007_107-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WP2007-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite the loss, Cleveland players took home a number of awards. <a href="/wiki/Grady_Sizemore" title="Grady Sizemore">Grady Sizemore</a>, who had a .995 <a href="/wiki/Fielding_percentage" title="Fielding percentage">fielding percentage</a> and only two errors in 405 chances, won the <a href="/wiki/Rawlings_Gold_Glove_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Rawlings Gold Glove Award">Gold Glove award</a>, Cleveland's first since 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Indians Pitcher <a href="/wiki/CC_Sabathia" title="CC Sabathia">CC Sabathia</a> won the second <a href="/wiki/Cy_Young_Award" title="Cy Young Award">Cy Young Award</a> in team history with a 19–7 record, a 3.21 ERA and an MLB-leading 241 <a href="/wiki/Innings_pitched" title="Innings pitched">innings pitched</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eric Wedge was awarded the first <a href="/wiki/Manager_of_the_Year_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Manager of the Year Award">Manager of the Year Award</a> in team history.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shapiro was named to his second <a href="/wiki/Sporting_News_Executive_of_the_Year_Award" title="Sporting News Executive of the Year Award">Executive of the Year</a> in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-cleveland.com_102-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cleveland.com-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Second_"rebuilding_of_the_team""><span id="Second_.22rebuilding_of_the_team.22"></span>Second "rebuilding of the team"</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Second "rebuilding of the team""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/2008_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2008 Cleveland Indians season">Indians</a> struggled during the 2008 season. Injuries to sluggers <a href="/wiki/Travis_Hafner" title="Travis Hafner">Travis Hafner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Victor_Martinez_(baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Victor Martinez (baseball)">Victor Martinez</a>, as well as starting pitchers <a href="/wiki/Jake_Westbrook" title="Jake Westbrook">Jake Westbrook</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fausto_Carmona" class="mw-redirect" title="Fausto Carmona">Fausto Carmona</a> led to a poor start.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Indians, falling to last place for a short time in June and July, traded <a href="/wiki/CC_Sabathia" title="CC Sabathia">CC Sabathia</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Brewers" title="Milwaukee Brewers">Milwaukee Brewers</a> for prospects <a href="/wiki/Matt_LaPorta" title="Matt LaPorta">Matt LaPorta</a>, Rob Bryson, and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Brantley" title="Michael Brantley">Michael Brantley</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and traded starting third baseman Casey Blake for catching prospect <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Santana_(baseball)" title="Carlos Santana (baseball)">Carlos Santana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pitcher <a href="/wiki/Cliff_Lee" title="Cliff Lee">Cliff Lee</a> went 22–3 with an ERA of 2.54 and earned the AL Cy Young Award.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Grady_Sizemore" title="Grady Sizemore">Grady Sizemore</a> had a career year, winning a <a href="/wiki/Gold_Glove_Award" title="Gold Glove Award">Gold Glove Award</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Silver_Slugger_Award" title="Silver Slugger Award">Silver Slugger Award</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Indians finished with a record of 81–81. </p><p>Prospects for the 2009 season dimmed early when the <a href="/wiki/2009_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2009 Cleveland Indians season">Indians</a> ended May with a record of 22–30. Shapiro made multiple trades: <a href="/wiki/Cliff_Lee" title="Cliff Lee">Cliff Lee</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ben_Francisco" title="Ben Francisco">Ben Francisco</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Phillies" title="Philadelphia Phillies">Philadelphia Phillies</a> for prospects <a href="/wiki/Jason_Knapp_(baseball)" title="Jason Knapp (baseball)">Jason Knapp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Carrasco_(baseball)" title="Carlos Carrasco (baseball)">Carlos Carrasco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jason_Donald_(baseball)" title="Jason Donald (baseball)">Jason Donald</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lou_Marson" title="Lou Marson">Lou Marson</a>; <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADctor_Mart%C3%ADnez_(baseball)" title="Víctor Martínez (baseball)">Victor Martinez</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox" title="Boston Red Sox">Boston Red Sox</a> for prospects <a href="/wiki/Bryan_Price_(pitcher)" title="Bryan Price (pitcher)">Bryan Price</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nick_Hagadone" title="Nick Hagadone">Nick Hagadone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Justin_Masterson" title="Justin Masterson">Justin Masterson</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ryan_Garko" title="Ryan Garko">Ryan Garko</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Rangers_(baseball)" title="Texas Rangers (baseball)">Texas Rangers</a> for <a href="/wiki/Scott_Barnes_(baseball)" title="Scott Barnes (baseball)">Scott Barnes</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Kelly_Shoppach" title="Kelly Shoppach">Kelly Shoppach</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Tampa_Bay_Rays" title="Tampa Bay Rays">Tampa Bay Rays</a> for <a href="/wiki/Mitch_Talbot" title="Mitch Talbot">Mitch Talbot</a>. The Indians finished the season tied for fourth in their division, with a record of 65–97. The team announced on September 30, 2009, that Eric Wedge and all of the team's coaching staff were released at the end of the 2009 season.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Manny_Acta" title="Manny Acta">Manny Acta</a> was hired as the team's 40th manager on October 25, 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On February 18, 2010, it was announced that Shapiro (following the end of the 2010 season) would be promoted to team President, with current President <a href="/wiki/Paul_Dolan_(baseball)" title="Paul Dolan (baseball)">Paul Dolan</a> becoming the new Chairman/CEO, and longtime Shapiro assistant <a href="/wiki/Chris_Antonetti" title="Chris Antonetti">Chris Antonetti</a> filling the GM role.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2011–present:_Antonetti/Chernoff/Francona_era"><span id="2011.E2.80.93present:_Antonetti.2FChernoff.2FFrancona_era"></span>2011–present: Antonetti/Chernoff/Francona era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: 2011–present: Antonetti/Chernoff/Francona era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mike_Chernoff_(baseball)_2017-01-27_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Mike_Chernoff_%28baseball%29_2017-01-27_%28cropped%29.jpg/170px-Mike_Chernoff_%28baseball%29_2017-01-27_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Mike_Chernoff_%28baseball%29_2017-01-27_%28cropped%29.jpg/255px-Mike_Chernoff_%28baseball%29_2017-01-27_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Mike_Chernoff_%28baseball%29_2017-01-27_%28cropped%29.jpg/340px-Mike_Chernoff_%28baseball%29_2017-01-27_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="401" data-file-height="532" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mike_Chernoff_(baseball)" title="Mike Chernoff (baseball)">Mike Chernoff</a>, who has served as Indians/Guardians' general manager since 2015</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Terry_Francona_on_June_26,_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Terry_Francona_on_June_26%2C_2013.jpg/150px-Terry_Francona_on_June_26%2C_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Terry_Francona_on_June_26%2C_2013.jpg/225px-Terry_Francona_on_June_26%2C_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Terry_Francona_on_June_26%2C_2013.jpg/300px-Terry_Francona_on_June_26%2C_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1210" data-file-height="2017" /></a><figcaption>Former manager <a href="/wiki/Terry_Francona" title="Terry Francona">Terry Francona</a>, who in his tenure with the Indians/Guardians (2013–2023) was a three-time AL Manager of the Year (2013, 2016, 2022), led the team to the 2016 AL Championship, and is the all-time franchise leader in wins by a manager</figcaption></figure> <p>On January 18, 2011, longtime popular former first baseman and manager <a href="/wiki/Mike_Hargrove" title="Mike Hargrove">Mike Hargrove</a> was brought in as a special adviser. The Indians started the 2011 season strong – going 30–15 in their first 45 games and seven games ahead of the <a href="/wiki/2011_Detroit_Tigers_season" title="2011 Detroit Tigers season">Detroit Tigers</a> for first place. Injuries led to a slump where the Indians fell out of first place. Many minor leaguers such as <a href="/wiki/Jason_Kipnis" title="Jason Kipnis">Jason Kipnis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lonnie_Chisenhall" title="Lonnie Chisenhall">Lonnie Chisenhall</a> got opportunities to fill in for the injuries.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The biggest news of the season came on July 30 when the Indians traded four prospects for <a href="/wiki/Colorado_Rockies" title="Colorado Rockies">Colorado Rockies</a> star pitcher, <a href="/wiki/Ubaldo_Jim%C3%A9nez" title="Ubaldo Jiménez">Ubaldo Jiménez</a>. The Indians sent their top two pitchers in the minors, <a href="/wiki/Alex_White_(baseball)" title="Alex White (baseball)">Alex White</a> and <a href="/wiki/Drew_Pomeranz" title="Drew Pomeranz">Drew Pomeranz</a> along with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Gardner_(baseball)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joe Gardner (baseball) (page does not exist)">Joe Gardner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Matt_McBride" title="Matt McBride">Matt McBride</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On August 25, the Indians signed the team leader in home runs, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Thome" title="Jim Thome">Jim Thome</a> off of waivers.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He made his first appearance in an Indians uniform since he left Cleveland after the 2002 season. To honor Thome, the Indians placed him at his original position, third base, for one pitch against the Minnesota Twins on September 25. It was his first appearance at third base since 1996, and his last for Cleveland.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Indians finished the season in 2nd place, 15 games behind the division champion Tigers.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Corey_Kluber_on_June_27,_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Corey_Kluber_on_June_27%2C_2013.jpg/190px-Corey_Kluber_on_June_27%2C_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Corey_Kluber_on_June_27%2C_2013.jpg/285px-Corey_Kluber_on_June_27%2C_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Corey_Kluber_on_June_27%2C_2013.jpg/380px-Corey_Kluber_on_June_27%2C_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1850" data-file-height="1850" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Corey_Kluber" title="Corey Kluber">Corey Kluber</a>, who is a two-time AL <a href="/wiki/Cy_Young_Award" title="Cy Young Award">Cy Young Award</a> winner with the Indians (2014, 2017)</figcaption></figure> <p>The Indians broke <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Field" title="Progressive Field">Progressive Field</a>'s Opening Day attendance record with 43,190 against the <a href="/wiki/2012_Toronto_Blue_Jays_season" title="2012 Toronto Blue Jays season">Toronto Blue Jays</a> on April 5, 2012. The game went 16 innings, setting the MLB Opening Day record, and lasted 5 hours and 14 minutes.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On September 27, 2012, with six games left in the Indians' 2012 season, <a href="/wiki/Manny_Acta" title="Manny Acta">Manny Acta</a> was fired; <a href="/wiki/Sandy_Alomar_Jr." title="Sandy Alomar Jr.">Sandy Alomar Jr.</a> was named interim manager for the remainder of the season.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On October 6, the Indians announced that <a href="/wiki/Terry_Francona" title="Terry Francona">Terry Francona</a>, who managed the Boston Red Sox to five playoff appearances and two World Series between 2004 and 2011, would take over as manager for 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-foxsports_126-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-foxsports-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Indians entered the 2013 season following an active offseason of dramatic roster turnover. Key acquisitions included free agent 1B/OF <a href="/wiki/Nick_Swisher" title="Nick Swisher">Nick Swisher</a> and CF <a href="/wiki/Michael_Bourn" title="Michael Bourn">Michael Bourn</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rosenthal_127-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rosenthal-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The team added prized right-handed pitching prospect <a href="/wiki/Trevor_Bauer" title="Trevor Bauer">Trevor Bauer</a>, OF <a href="/wiki/Drew_Stubbs" title="Drew Stubbs">Drew Stubbs</a>, and relief pitchers <a href="/wiki/Bryan_Shaw_(baseball)" title="Bryan Shaw (baseball)">Bryan Shaw</a> and <a href="/wiki/Matt_Albers" title="Matt Albers">Matt Albers</a> in a three-way trade with the <a href="/wiki/Arizona_Diamondbacks" title="Arizona Diamondbacks">Arizona Diamondbacks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds" title="Cincinnati Reds">Cincinnati Reds</a> that sent RF <a href="/wiki/Shin-Soo_Choo" title="Shin-Soo Choo">Shin-Soo Choo</a> to the Reds, and <a href="/wiki/Tony_Sipp" title="Tony Sipp">Tony Sipp</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Arizona_Diamondbacks" title="Arizona Diamondbacks">Arizona Diamondbacks</a><sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other notable additions included utility man <a href="/wiki/Mike_Avil%C3%A9s" title="Mike Avilés">Mike Avilés</a>, catcher <a href="/wiki/Yan_Gomes" title="Yan Gomes">Yan Gomes</a>, designated hitter <a href="/wiki/Jason_Giambi" title="Jason Giambi">Jason Giambi</a>, and starting pitcher <a href="/wiki/Scott_Kazmir" title="Scott Kazmir">Scott Kazmir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rosenthal_127-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rosenthal-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hoynes_129-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hoynes-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2013 Indians increased their win total by 24 over 2012 (from 68 to 92), finishing in second place, one game behind Detroit in the Central division, but securing the number one seed in the American League Wild Card Standings. In their first postseason appearance since 2007, Cleveland lost the <a href="/wiki/2013_American_League_Wild_Card_Game" title="2013 American League Wild Card Game">2013 American League Wild Card Game</a> 4–0 at home to Tampa Bay. Francona was recognized for the turnaround with the 2013 <a href="/wiki/American_League_Manager_of_the_Year" class="mw-redirect" title="American League Manager of the Year">American League Manager of the Year</a> Award. </p><p>With an 85–77 record, the 2014 Indians had consecutive winning seasons for the first time since 1999–2001, but they were eliminated from playoff contention during the last week of the season and finished third in the AL Central. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shane_Bieber_February_1,_2020_(49488948046).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Shane_Bieber_February_1%2C_2020_%2849488948046%29.jpg/150px-Shane_Bieber_February_1%2C_2020_%2849488948046%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Shane_Bieber_February_1%2C_2020_%2849488948046%29.jpg/225px-Shane_Bieber_February_1%2C_2020_%2849488948046%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Shane_Bieber_February_1%2C_2020_%2849488948046%29.jpg/300px-Shane_Bieber_February_1%2C_2020_%2849488948046%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4031" data-file-height="6048" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Shane_Bieber" title="Shane Bieber">Shane Bieber</a>, who won the 2020 AL Cy Young Award, giving the team five winners in 14 seasons</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2015, after struggling through the first half of the season, the Indians finished 81–80 for their third consecutive winning season, which the team had not done since 1999–2001. For the second straight year, the Tribe finished third in the Central and was eliminated from the Wild Card race during the last week of the season. Following the departure of longtime team executive <a href="/wiki/Mark_Shapiro_(sports_executive)" title="Mark Shapiro (sports executive)">Mark Shapiro</a> on October 6, the Indians promoted GM <a href="/wiki/Chris_Antonetti" title="Chris Antonetti">Chris Antonetti</a> to President of Baseball Operations, assistant general manager <a href="/wiki/Mike_Chernoff_(baseball)" title="Mike Chernoff (baseball)">Mike Chernoff</a> to GM, and named <a href="/wiki/Derek_Falvey" title="Derek Falvey">Derek Falvey</a> as assistant GM.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Falvey was later hired by the <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Twins" title="Minnesota Twins">Minnesota Twins</a> in 2016, becoming their President of Baseball Operations. </p><p>The Indians set what was then a franchise record for longest winning streak when they won their 14th consecutive game, a 2–1 win over the <a href="/wiki/2016_Toronto_Blue_Jays_season" title="2016 Toronto Blue Jays season">Toronto Blue Jays</a> in 19 innings on July 1, 2016, at <a href="/wiki/Rogers_Centre" title="Rogers Centre">Rogers Centre</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The team clinched the Central Division pennant on September 26, their eighth division title overall and first since 2007, as well as returning to the playoffs for the first time since 2013. They finished the regular season at 94–67, marking their fourth straight winning season, a feat not accomplished since the 1990s and early 2000s. </p><p>The Indians began the 2016 postseason by sweeping the <a href="/wiki/2016_Boston_Red_Sox_season" title="2016 Boston Red Sox season">Boston Red Sox</a> in the best-of-five <a href="/wiki/2016_American_League_Division_Series" title="2016 American League Division Series">American League Division Series</a>, then defeated the Blue Jays in five games in the <a href="/wiki/2016_American_League_Championship_Series" title="2016 American League Championship Series">2016 American League Championship Series</a> to claim their sixth American League pennant and advance to the <a href="/wiki/2016_World_Series" title="2016 World Series">World Series</a> against the <a href="/wiki/2016_Chicago_Cubs_season" title="2016 Chicago Cubs season">Chicago Cubs</a>. It marked the first appearance for the Indians in the World Series since 1997 and first for the Cubs since 1945. The Indians took a 3–1 series lead following a victory in Game 4 at <a href="/wiki/Wrigley_Field" title="Wrigley Field">Wrigley Field</a>, but the Cubs rallied to take the final three games and won the series 4 games to 3. The Indians' 2016 success led to Francona winning his second AL Manager of the Year Award with the club. </p><p>From August 24 through September 15 during the 2017 season, the Indians set a new American League record by winning 22 games in a row.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On September 28, the Indians won their 100th game of the season, marking only the third time in history the team has reached that milestone. They finished the regular season with 102 wins, second-most in team history (behind 1954's 111 win team). The Indians earned the AL Central title for the second consecutive year, along with home-field advantage throughout the American League playoffs, but they lost the <a href="/wiki/2017_ALDS" class="mw-redirect" title="2017 ALDS">2017 ALDS</a> to the <a href="/wiki/2017_New_York_Yankees_season" title="2017 New York Yankees season">Yankees</a> 3–2 after being up 2–0.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2018, the Indians won their third consecutive AL Central crown with a 91–71 record, but were swept in the <a href="/wiki/2018_American_League_Division_Series" title="2018 American League Division Series">2018 American League Division Series</a> by the <a href="/wiki/2018_Houston_Astros_season" title="2018 Houston Astros season">Houston Astros</a>, who outscored Cleveland 21–6. In 2019, despite a two-game improvement, the Indians missed the playoffs as they trailed three games behind the <a href="/wiki/2019_Tampa_Bay_Rays_season" title="2019 Tampa Bay Rays season">Tampa Bay Rays</a> for the second AL Wild Card berth. During the 2020 season (shortened to 60 games because of the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>), the Indians were 35–25, finishing second behind the <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Twins" title="Minnesota Twins">Minnesota Twins</a> in the AL Central, but qualified for the expanded playoffs. In the best-of-three <a href="/wiki/2020_MLB_playoffs" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 MLB playoffs">AL Wild Card Series</a>, the Indians were swept by the <a href="/wiki/2020_New_York_Yankees_season" title="2020 New York Yankees season">New York Yankees</a>, ending their season. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Guardians_rebranding">Guardians rebranding</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Guardians rebranding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On December 18, 2020, the team announced that the Indians name and logo would be dropped after the 2021 season, later revealing the replacement to be the Guardians.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nytimes.com_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes.com-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ClevelandGuardians_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ClevelandGuardians-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cleveland_Indians_choose_Guardians_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cleveland_Indians_choose_Guardians-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In their first season as the Guardians, the team won the 2022 AL Central Division crown, marking the 11th division title in franchise history. In the best-of-three <a href="/wiki/2022_American_League_Wild_Card_Series" title="2022 American League Wild Card Series">AL Wild Card Series</a>, the Guardians won the series against the <a href="/wiki/2022_Tampa_Bay_Rays_season" title="2022 Tampa Bay Rays season">Tampa Bay Rays</a> 2–0, to advance to the <a href="/wiki/2022_American_League_Division_Series" title="2022 American League Division Series">AL Division Series</a>. The Guardians lost the series to the <a href="/wiki/2022_New_York_Yankees_season" title="2022 New York Yankees season">New York Yankees</a> 3–2, ending their season. In June 2022, sports investor <a href="/wiki/David_Blitzer" title="David Blitzer">David Blitzer</a> bought a 25% stake in the franchise with an option to acquire controlling interest in 2028.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stephen_Vogt_(53479720675).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Stephen_Vogt_%2853479720675%29.jpg/175px-Stephen_Vogt_%2853479720675%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Stephen_Vogt_%2853479720675%29.jpg/263px-Stephen_Vogt_%2853479720675%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Stephen_Vogt_%2853479720675%29.jpg/350px-Stephen_Vogt_%2853479720675%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8256" data-file-height="5502" /></a><figcaption>Current manager <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Vogt" title="Stephen Vogt">Stephen Vogt</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Following Francona's retirement at the end of the 2023 season, the Guardians named <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Vogt" title="Stephen Vogt">Stephen Vogt</a> as their new manager on November 6, 2023. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Season-by-season_results">Season-by-season results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Season-by-season results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Cleveland_Guardians_seasons" title="List of Cleveland Guardians seasons">List of Cleveland Guardians seasons</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rivalries">Rivalries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Rivalries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interleague">Interleague</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Interleague"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Ohio_Cup" title="Ohio Cup">Ohio Cup</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Ohio_Cup_Trophy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/New_Ohio_Cup_Trophy.jpg/175px-New_Ohio_Cup_Trophy.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/New_Ohio_Cup_Trophy.jpg/263px-New_Ohio_Cup_Trophy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/New_Ohio_Cup_Trophy.jpg/350px-New_Ohio_Cup_Trophy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1129" data-file-height="1421" /></a><figcaption>The Ohio Cup trophy</figcaption></figure> <p>The rivalry with fellow <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> team the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds" title="Cincinnati Reds">Cincinnati Reds</a> is known as the Battle of Ohio or Buckeye Series and features the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_Cup" title="Ohio Cup">Ohio Cup</a> trophy for the winner. Prior to 1997, the winner of the cup was determined by an annual <a href="/wiki/Spring_training" title="Spring training">pre-season</a> baseball game, played each year at minor-league <a href="/wiki/Cooper_Stadium" title="Cooper Stadium">Cooper Stadium</a> in the state capital of <a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus</a>, and staged just days before the start of each new <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a> season. A total of eight Ohio Cup games were played, with the Guardians winning six of them. It ended with the start of <a href="/wiki/Interleague_play" title="Interleague play">interleague play</a> in 1997. The winner of the game each year was awarded the Ohio Cup in postgame ceremonies. The Ohio Cup was a favorite among baseball fans in Columbus, with attendances regularly topping 15,000. </p><p>Since 1997, the two teams have played each other as part of the regular season, with the exception of 2002. The Ohio Cup was reintroduced in 2008 and is presented to the team who wins the most games in the series that season. Initially, the teams played one three-game series per season, meeting in Cleveland in 1997 and Cincinnati the following year. The teams have played two series per season against each other since 1999, with the exception of 2002, one at each ballpark. A format change in 2013 made each series two games, except in years when the AL and NL Central divisions meet in interleague play, where it is usually extended to three games per series.<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2024, the Guardians lead the series 76-59.<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An on-and-off rivalry with the <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Pirates" title="Pittsburgh Pirates">Pittsburgh Pirates</a> stems from the close proximity of the two cities, and features some carryover elements from the <a href="/wiki/Browns%E2%80%93Steelers_rivalry" title="Browns–Steelers rivalry">longstanding rivalry</a> in the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a> between the <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Browns" title="Cleveland Browns">Cleveland Browns</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Steelers" title="Pittsburgh Steelers">Pittsburgh Steelers</a>. Because the Guardians' designated interleague rival is the Reds and the Pirates' designated rival is the Tigers, the teams have played periodically. The teams played one three-game series each year from 1997 to 2001 and periodically between 2002 and 2022, generally only in years in which the AL Central played the NL Central in the former interleague play rotation. The teams played six games in 2020 as MLB instituted an abbreviated schedule focusing on regional match-ups. Beginning in 2023, the teams will play a three-game series each season as a result of the new "balanced" schedule. The Pirates lead the series 21–18.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Detroit_Tigers">Detroit Tigers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Detroit Tigers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As the Guardians play most of their games every year with each of their AL Central competitors (formerly 19 for each team until 2023), several rivalries have developed. </p><p>The Guardians have a geographic rivalry with the <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Tigers" title="Detroit Tigers">Detroit Tigers</a>, highlighted in past years by intense battles for the AL Central title. The matchup has some carryover elements from the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_State-Michigan_rivalry" class="mw-redirect" title="Ohio State-Michigan rivalry">Ohio State-Michigan rivalry</a>, as well as the general historic rivalry between Michigan and Ohio dating back to the <a href="/wiki/Toledo_War" title="Toledo War">Toledo War</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chicago_White_Sox">Chicago White Sox</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Chicago White Sox"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Chicago_White_Sox" title="Chicago White Sox">Chicago White Sox</a> are another rival, dating back to the 1959 season, when the Sox slipped past the Indians to win the AL pennant. The rivalry intensified when both clubs were moved to the newly created AL Central in 1994. During that season, the two teams challenged for the division title, with the Indians one game back of Chicago when the season ended in August due to the players' strike. During a game in Chicago, the White Sox confiscated <a href="/wiki/Albert_Belle" title="Albert Belle">Albert Belle</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Corked_bat" title="Corked bat">corked bat</a>, followed by an attempt by Indians pitcher <a href="/wiki/Jason_Grimsley" title="Jason Grimsley">Jason Grimsley</a> to crawl through the <a href="/wiki/Comiskey_Park_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Comiskey Park II">Comiskey Park</a> clubhouse ceiling to retrieve it. Belle later signed with the White Sox in 1997, adding additional intensity to the rivalry. In 2005, the White Sox led the division by 15 games in July, only to see the Indians trim the lead to a single game late in the season. However, the White Sox swept a three-game series to end the season to win the division by six games; the Sox later won that year's World Series. </p><p>On August 5, 2023, Cleveland third baseman <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ram%C3%ADrez_(infielder)" title="José Ramírez (infielder)">José Ramírez</a> and Chicago shortstop <a href="/wiki/Tim_Anderson_(baseball)" title="Tim Anderson (baseball)">Tim Anderson</a> instigated a <a href="/wiki/Bench-clearing_brawl" title="Bench-clearing brawl">bench-clearing brawl</a> after Anderson applied a tag to Ramírez. Anderson then attempted to punch Ramírez, after which Ramírez wound up up knocking Anderson to the ground with a right hook. Anderson and Ramírez were suspended five and two games, respectively, for their roles in the brawl. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uniforms">Uniforms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Uniforms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_uniforms" title="Major League Baseball uniforms">Major League Baseball uniforms</a></div> <p>The official team colors are <a href="/wiki/Navy_blue" title="Navy blue">navy blue</a>, red, and white.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IndiansRockTheRed_142-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IndiansRockTheRed-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cleveland_Guardians_wordmark_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Cleveland_Guardians_wordmark_logo.svg/200px-Cleveland_Guardians_wordmark_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Cleveland_Guardians_wordmark_logo.svg/300px-Cleveland_Guardians_wordmark_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Cleveland_Guardians_wordmark_logo.svg/400px-Cleveland_Guardians_wordmark_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="502" data-file-height="173" /></a><figcaption>Guardians wordmark logo, featured on the team's standard white home jerseys</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Home">Home</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Home"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The primary home uniform is white with red and navy blue <a href="/wiki/Piping_(sewing)" title="Piping (sewing)">piping</a> around each sleeve. Across the front of the jersey in <a href="/wiki/Script_font" class="mw-redirect" title="Script font">script font</a> is the word "Guardians" in red with a navy blue outline, with navy blue undershirts, belts, and socks. </p><p>The alternate home jersey is red with a navy blue "diamond C" font "Guardians" trimmed in white on the front, and white and navy blue piping on both sleeves, with navy blue undershirts, belts, and socks. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Diamond_C_CLE.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Diamond_C_CLE.png/200px-Diamond_C_CLE.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Diamond_C_CLE.png/300px-Diamond_C_CLE.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Diamond_C_CLE.png/400px-Diamond_C_CLE.png 2x" data-file-width="1017" data-file-height="382" /></a><figcaption>Cleveland in "diamond C" font is featured on the team's standard grey road uniform.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2024, the team introduced "City Connect" uniforms, primarily (but not exclusively) worn on Friday home dates. The jerseys are blue with red and white stripes going down the sleeve, featuring "CLE" on the front of the jersey and the player names and numbers on the back (all in a white <a href="/wiki/Art_deco" class="mw-redirect" title="Art deco">art deco</a> style font), with sandstone colored pants and red socks featuring a logo which was also introduced in 2024 (a "<a href="/wiki/Guardians_of_Traffic" class="mw-redirect" title="Guardians of Traffic">Guardians of Traffic</a>" statue holding a baseball bat).<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The standard home cap is red with a navy blue bill, and features a navy blue "diamond C" on the front and is worn with the primary white uniforms. With the alternate red jerseys, the cap is navy blue with a red bill and red "diamond C". The "City Connect" home cap is similar to the alternate cap with the exception of the front section over the bill being white. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Road">Road</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Road"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The primary road uniform is gray, with "Cleveland" in navy blue "diamond C" letters, trimmed in red across the front of the jersey, red and navy blue piping around the sleeves, and navy blue undershirts, belts, and socks. </p><p>The alternate road jersey is navy blue with a red "diamond C" trimmed in white on the front of the jersey, red and white piping around the sleeves, and navy blue undershirts, belts, and socks. </p><p>With either road jersey, the team wears a navy blue cap with a red bill and red "diamond C". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Universal">Universal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Universal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For all games, the team uses a navy blue <a href="/wiki/Batting_helmet" title="Batting helmet">batting helmet</a> with a red "diamond C" on the front.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All jerseys (sans the "City Connect" version) feature the "winged G" logo on one sleeve, and every jersey has a patch from <a href="/wiki/Marathon_Petroleum" title="Marathon Petroleum">Marathon Petroleum</a> – in a sponsorship deal lasting through the 2026 season – on the other. The sleeve featuring the Marathon logo depends on how the player bats – left handed hitters have it on their right sleeve, as that is the arm facing the main TV camera when he bats, and vice versa for right handed batters.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Former_name_and_logo_controversy">Former name and logo controversy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Former name and logo controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Indians_name_and_logo_controversy" title="Cleveland Indians name and logo controversy">Cleveland Indians name and logo controversy</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Native_American_mascot_controversy" title="Native American mascot controversy">Native American mascot controversy</a></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Logo_of_the_Cleveland_Indians_(1946-1950).png" class="mw-file-description" title="Logo from 1946 to 1950"><img alt="Logo from 1946 to 1950" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Logo_of_the_Cleveland_Indians_%281946-1950%29.png/91px-Logo_of_the_Cleveland_Indians_%281946-1950%29.png" decoding="async" width="91" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Logo_of_the_Cleveland_Indians_%281946-1950%29.png/137px-Logo_of_the_Cleveland_Indians_%281946-1950%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Logo_of_the_Cleveland_Indians_%281946-1950%29.png/183px-Logo_of_the_Cleveland_Indians_%281946-1950%29.png 2x" data-file-width="368" data-file-height="483" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Logo from 1946 to 1950</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chief_Wahoo_(mascot_character).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chief Wahoo logo used from 1949 through 2018"><img alt="Chief Wahoo logo used from 1949 through 2018" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/dd/Chief_Wahoo_%28mascot_character%29.svg/94px-Chief_Wahoo_%28mascot_character%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="94" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/dd/Chief_Wahoo_%28mascot_character%29.svg/141px-Chief_Wahoo_%28mascot_character%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/dd/Chief_Wahoo_%28mascot_character%29.svg/188px-Chief_Wahoo_%28mascot_character%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="195" data-file-height="249" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Chief_Wahoo" title="Chief Wahoo">Chief Wahoo</a> logo used from 1949 through 2018</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cleveland_Indians_primary_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title=""Block C" logo used secondarily from 2014 until 2019, then as the team's primary logo from 2019 through 2021 – the final three years under the Indians name"><img alt=""Block C" logo used secondarily from 2014 until 2019, then as the team's primary logo from 2019 through 2021 – the final three years under the Indians name" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Cleveland_Indians_primary_logo.svg/88px-Cleveland_Indians_primary_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="88" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Cleveland_Indians_primary_logo.svg/131px-Cleveland_Indians_primary_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Cleveland_Indians_primary_logo.svg/175px-Cleveland_Indians_primary_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="182" data-file-height="249" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">"Block C" logo used secondarily from 2014 until 2019, then as the team's primary logo from 2019 through 2021 – the final three years under the Indians name</div> </li> </ul> <p>The club name and its cartoon logo have been criticized for perpetuating Native American stereotypes. In 1997 and 1998, protesters were arrested after effigies were burned. Charges were dismissed in the 1997 case, and were not filed in the 1998 case. Protesters arrested in the 1998 incident subsequently fought and lost a lawsuit alleging that their <a href="/wiki/First_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="First Amendment to the United States Constitution">First Amendment</a> rights had been violated.<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OSSC_149-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OSSC-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bud_Selig" title="Bud Selig">Bud Selig</a> (then-<a href="/wiki/Commissioner_of_Baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="Commissioner of Baseball">Commissioner of Baseball</a>) said in 2014 that he had never received a complaint about the logo. He has heard that there are some protesting against the mascots, but individual teams such as the Indians and <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves" title="Atlanta Braves">Atlanta Braves</a>, whose name was also criticized for similar reasons, should make their own decisions.<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An organized group consisting of Native Americans, which had protested for many years, protested <a href="/wiki/Chief_Wahoo" title="Chief Wahoo">Chief Wahoo</a> on <a href="/wiki/Opening_Day" title="Opening Day">Opening Day</a> 2015, noting that this was the 100th anniversary since the team became the Indians. Owner <a href="/wiki/Paul_Dolan_(baseball)" title="Paul Dolan (baseball)">Paul Dolan</a>, while stating his respect for the critics, said he mainly heard from fans who wanted to keep Chief Wahoo, and had no plans to change.<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On January 29, 2018, Major League Baseball announced that Chief Wahoo would be removed from the Indians' uniforms as of the 2019 season, stating that the logo was no longer appropriate for on-field use.<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The block "C" was promoted to the primary logo; at the time, there were no plans to change the team's name.<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020, <a href="/wiki/George_Floyd_protests" title="George Floyd protests">protests</a> over the <a href="/wiki/Murder_of_George_Floyd" title="Murder of George Floyd">murder</a> of <a href="/wiki/George_Floyd" title="George Floyd">George Floyd</a>, a black man, by a <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis</a> police officer, led the United States into a period of social changes. This made Dolan to reconsider use of the Indians name.<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On July 3, 2020, on the heels of the <a href="/wiki/Washington_Commanders" title="Washington Commanders">Washington Redskins</a> announcing that they would "undergo a thorough review" of that team's name, the Indians announced that they would "determine the best path forward" regarding the team's name and emphasized the need to "keep improving as an organization on issues of <a href="/wiki/Social_justice" title="Social justice">social justice</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On December 13, 2020, it was reported that the Indians name would be dropped after the 2021 season out of respect for the Native American community.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTimesDropTeamname_159-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesDropTeamname-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It had been hinted by the team that they may move forward without a replacement name (in a similar manner to the Washington Football Team, which used its name for 2 years until being named the Washington Commanders).<sup id="cite_ref-NYTimesDropTeamname_159-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesDropTeamname-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was announced via Twitter on July 23, 2021, that the team will be named the Guardians, after the <i>Guardians of Traffic</i>, eight large Art Deco statues on the <a href="/wiki/Hope_Memorial_Bridge" title="Hope Memorial Bridge">Hope Memorial Bridge</a>, located close to Progressive Field.<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The club, however, found itself amid a trademark dispute with a men's roller derby team called the Cleveland Guardians.<sup id="cite_ref-ClevelandGuardiansCopyright_163-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ClevelandGuardiansCopyright-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Cleveland Guardians roller derby team has competed in the <a href="/wiki/Men%27s_Roller_Derby_Association" title="Men's Roller Derby Association">Men's Roller Derby Association</a> since 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, two other entities have attempted to preempt the team's use of the trademark by filing their own registrations with the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Patent_and_Trademark_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Patent and Trademark Office">U.S. Patent and Trademark Office</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ClevelandGuardiansCopyright_163-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ClevelandGuardiansCopyright-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The roller derby team filed a federal lawsuit in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Ohio">U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Ohio</a> on October 27, 2021, seeking to block the baseball team's name change.<sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 16, 2021, the lawsuit was resolved, and both teams were allowed to continue using the Guardians name. The name change from Indians to Guardians became official on November 19, 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bell_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bell-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MLB_Advanced_Media_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MLB_Advanced_Media-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nytimes.com_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes.com-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ClevelandGuardians_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ClevelandGuardians-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cleveland_Indians_choose_Guardians_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cleveland_Indians_choose_Guardians-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Cleveland_Guardians_broadcasters" title="List of Cleveland Guardians broadcasters">List of Cleveland Guardians broadcasters</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Navy_060828-N-1805P-007_Chief_of_Naval_Personnel_Vice_Adm._John_C._Harvey_Jr._chats_with_broadcasters_from_Cleveland_radio_station_WTAM_1100_AM_during_a_Major_League_Baseball_game_at_Jacobs_Field_between_the_Cleveland_Indian.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/US_Navy_060828-N-1805P-007_Chief_of_Naval_Personnel_Vice_Adm._John_C._Harvey_Jr._chats_with_broadcasters_from_Cleveland_radio_station_WTAM_1100_AM_during_a_Major_League_Baseball_game_at_Jacobs_Field_between_the_Cleveland_Indian.jpg/170px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/US_Navy_060828-N-1805P-007_Chief_of_Naval_Personnel_Vice_Adm._John_C._Harvey_Jr._chats_with_broadcasters_from_Cleveland_radio_station_WTAM_1100_AM_during_a_Major_League_Baseball_game_at_Jacobs_Field_between_the_Cleveland_Indian.jpg/255px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/US_Navy_060828-N-1805P-007_Chief_of_Naval_Personnel_Vice_Adm._John_C._Harvey_Jr._chats_with_broadcasters_from_Cleveland_radio_station_WTAM_1100_AM_during_a_Major_League_Baseball_game_at_Jacobs_Field_between_the_Cleveland_Indian.jpg/340px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Guardians TV announcer <a href="/wiki/Matt_Underwood" title="Matt Underwood">Matt Underwood</a> (seated, center) and longtime lead radio announcer <a href="/wiki/Tom_Hamilton_(broadcaster)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tom Hamilton (broadcaster)">Tom Hamilton</a> (right)</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radio">Radio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Radio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/IHeart_Media" class="mw-redirect" title="IHeart Media">iHeart Media</a> Cleveland sister stations <a href="/wiki/WTAM" title="WTAM">WTAM</a> (1100 AM/106.9 FM) and <a href="/wiki/WMMS" title="WMMS">WMMS</a> (100.7 FM) serve as the flagship stations for the <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians_Radio_Network" title="Cleveland Guardians Radio Network">Cleveland Guardians Radio Network</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-radio_172-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-radio-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with lead announcer <a href="/wiki/Tom_Hamilton_(broadcaster)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tom Hamilton (broadcaster)">Tom Hamilton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jim_Rosenhaus" title="Jim Rosenhaus">Jim Rosenhaus</a> calling the games.<sup id="cite_ref-broadcasters_173-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-broadcasters-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fellow sister station <a href="/wiki/WARF" title="WARF">WARF</a> (1350 AM) - while primarily an English language station - airs Spanish broadcasts of home games, complimenting the flagship coverage. Rafa Hernández-Brito serves as the primary Spanish announcer, alongside analyst and former Indian <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Baerga" title="Carlos Baerga">Carlos Baerga</a> (Octavio Sequera fills in when Brito calls <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Cavaliers" title="Cleveland Cavaliers">Cleveland Cavaliers</a> Spanish radio broadcasts).<sup id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="TV">TV</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: TV"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In October 2024, as a result of <a href="/wiki/Diamond_Sports_Group#Bankruptcy" title="Diamond Sports Group">bankruptcy proceedings involving former broadcaster Diamond Sports Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/MLB.com#In-market_broadcasts" title="MLB.com">Major League Baseball's local media division</a> announced that it would take over the production and distribution of Guardians games starting with the 2025 season.<sup id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prior to the 2025 season, television rights were held by <a href="/wiki/Bally_Sports_Great_Lakes" class="mw-redirect" title="Bally Sports Great Lakes">Bally Sports Great Lakes</a>. Lead announcer <a href="/wiki/Matt_Underwood" title="Matt Underwood">Matt Underwood</a>, analyst and former Indians <a href="/wiki/Gold_Glove" class="mw-redirect" title="Gold Glove">Gold Glove</a>-winning centerfielder <a href="/wiki/Rick_Manning" title="Rick Manning">Rick Manning</a>, and field reporter Andre Knott formed the broadcast team, with <a href="/wiki/Al_Pawlowski" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Pawlowski">Al Pawlowski</a> and former Indians pitcher <a href="/wiki/Jensen_Lewis" title="Jensen Lewis">Jensen Lewis</a> serving as pregame and postgame hosts. Former Indians <a href="/wiki/Pat_Tabler" title="Pat Tabler">Pat Tabler</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chris_Gimenez" title="Chris Gimenez">Chris Gimenez</a> served as contributors and periodic fill-ins for Manning and Lewis.<sup id="cite_ref-broadcasters_173-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-broadcasters-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Select games were simulcast over-the-air on <a href="/wiki/WKYC" title="WKYC">WKYC</a> channel 3.<sup id="cite_ref-177" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Past_announcers">Past announcers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Past announcers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Notable former broadcasters include Tom Manning, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Graney" title="Jack Graney">Jack Graney</a> (the first ex-baseball player to become a play-by-play announcer), <a href="/wiki/Ken_Coleman" title="Ken Coleman">Ken Coleman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joe_Castiglione" title="Joe Castiglione">Joe Castiglione</a>, <a href="/wiki/Van_Patrick" title="Van Patrick">Van Patrick</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nev_Chandler" title="Nev Chandler">Nev Chandler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Drennan" title="Bruce Drennan">Bruce Drennan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mudcat_Grant" title="Mudcat Grant">Jim "Mudcat" Grant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Colavito" title="Rocky Colavito">Rocky Colavito</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dan_Coughlin_(sportscaster)" title="Dan Coughlin (sportscaster)">Dan Coughlin</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jim_Donovan_(sportscaster)" title="Jim Donovan (sportscaster)">Jim Donovan</a>. </p><p>Previous broadcasters who have had lengthy tenures with the team include <a href="/wiki/Joe_Tait" title="Joe Tait">Joe Tait</a> (15 seasons between TV and radio), <a href="/wiki/Jack_Corrigan_(radio)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jack Corrigan (radio)">Jack Corrigan</a> (18 seasons on TV), <a href="/wiki/Ford_C._Frick_Award" title="Ford C. Frick Award">Ford C. Frick Award</a> winner <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Dudley" title="Jimmy Dudley">Jimmy Dudley</a> (19 seasons on radio), <a href="/wiki/Mike_Hegan" title="Mike Hegan">Mike Hegan</a> (23 seasons between TV and radio), and <a href="/wiki/Herb_Score" title="Herb Score">Herb Score</a> (34 seasons between TV and radio).<sup id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-178"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Popular_culture">Popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under the Cleveland Indians name, the team has been featured in several films, including: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Kid_from_Cleveland" title="The Kid from Cleveland">The Kid from Cleveland</a></i> – a 1949 film featuring then-owner <a href="/wiki/Bill_Veeck" title="Bill Veeck">Bill Veeck</a> and numerous players from the team (coming off winning the <a href="/wiki/1948_World_Series" title="1948 World Series">1948 World Series</a>).</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Major_League_(film)" title="Major League (film)">Major League</a></i> – a 1989 film centered around a fictionalized version of the Indians.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Major_League_II" title="Major League II">Major League II</a></i> – a 1994 sequel to the 1989 original.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Awards and honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians_award_winners_and_league_leaders" title="Cleveland Guardians award winners and league leaders">Cleveland Guardians award winners and league leaders</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EarlAverillGoudeycard.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/EarlAverillGoudeycard.jpg/170px-EarlAverillGoudeycard.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/EarlAverillGoudeycard.jpg/255px-EarlAverillGoudeycard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/EarlAverillGoudeycard.jpg 2x" data-file-width="313" data-file-height="386" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Earl_Averill" title="Earl Averill">Earl Averill</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Larry_Doby_CLE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Larry_Doby_CLE.jpg/170px-Larry_Doby_CLE.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Larry_Doby_CLE.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="312" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Larry_Doby" title="Larry Doby">Larry Doby</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mel_Harder_Goudey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Mel_Harder_Goudey.jpg/170px-Mel_Harder_Goudey.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Mel_Harder_Goudey.jpg/255px-Mel_Harder_Goudey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Mel_Harder_Goudey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="317" data-file-height="386" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mel_Harder" title="Mel Harder">Mel Harder</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joe_Sewell.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Joe_Sewell.jpg/170px-Joe_Sewell.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="252" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Joe_Sewell.jpg/255px-Joe_Sewell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Joe_Sewell.jpg/340px-Joe_Sewell.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3659" data-file-height="5416" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Joe_Sewell" title="Joe Sewell">Joe Sewell</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jim_Thome_(18421174923).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Jim_Thome_%2818421174923%29.jpg/170px-Jim_Thome_%2818421174923%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Jim_Thome_%2818421174923%29.jpg/255px-Jim_Thome_%2818421174923%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Jim_Thome_%2818421174923%29.jpg/340px-Jim_Thome_%2818421174923%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jim_Thome" title="Jim Thome">Jim Thome</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Baseball_Hall_of_Famers">Baseball Hall of Famers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Baseball Hall of Famers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="toccolours" style="font-size: 95%; margin: 1em auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="1" style="background-color: #002B5C; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;">Cleveland Guardians Hall of Famers </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="1" style="background-color: #E31937; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;">Affiliation according to the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"> <table style="margin: 1em auto;"> <caption><b>Cleveland Naps</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> </td> <td width="50"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Elmer_Flick" title="Elmer Flick">Elmer Flick</a></b> * </p> </td> <td width="50"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Addie_Joss" title="Addie Joss">Addie Joss</a></b> *<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Nap_Lajoie" title="Nap Lajoie">Nap Lajoie</a></b> * </p> </td> <td width="50"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Cy_Young" title="Cy Young">Cy Young</a></b> </p> </td> <td width="50"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="margin: 1em auto;"> <caption><b>Cleveland Indians</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Alomar" title="Roberto Alomar">Roberto Alomar</a> <br /><b><a href="/wiki/Earl_Averill" title="Earl Averill">Earl Averill</a></b> * <br /><a href="/wiki/Harold_Baines" title="Harold Baines">Harold Baines</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Bert_Blyleven" title="Bert Blyleven">Bert Blyleven</a> <br /><b><a href="/wiki/Lou_Boudreau" title="Lou Boudreau">Lou Boudreau</a></b> * <br /><a href="/wiki/Steve_Carlton" title="Steve Carlton">Steve Carlton</a> <br /><b><a href="/wiki/Stan_Coveleski" title="Stan Coveleski">Stan Coveleski</a></b> * </p> </td> <td width="50"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Larry_Doby" title="Larry Doby">Larry Doby</a></b> * <br /><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Eckersley" title="Dennis Eckersley">Dennis Eckersley</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Billy_Evans" title="Billy Evans">Billy Evans</a> <br /><b><a href="/wiki/Bob_Feller" title="Bob Feller">Bob Feller</a></b> * <br /><a href="/wiki/Joe_Gordon" title="Joe Gordon">Joe Gordon</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Walter_Johnson" title="Walter Johnson">Walter Johnson</a> </p> </td> <td width="50"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Kiner" title="Ralph Kiner">Ralph Kiner</a> <br /><b><a href="/wiki/Bob_Lemon" title="Bob Lemon">Bob Lemon</a></b> * <br /><b><a href="/wiki/Al_L%C3%B3pez" title="Al López">Al López</a></b> <br /><a href="/wiki/Minnie_Mi%C3%B1oso" title="Minnie Miñoso">Minnie Miñoso</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Jack_Morris" title="Jack Morris">Jack Morris</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Murray" title="Eddie Murray">Eddie Murray</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Hal_Newhouser" title="Hal Newhouser">Hal Newhouser</a> </p> </td> <td width="50"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Phil_Niekro" title="Phil Niekro">Phil Niekro</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Satchel_Paige" title="Satchel Paige">Satchel Paige</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Gaylord_Perry" title="Gaylord Perry">Gaylord Perry</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Sam_Rice" title="Sam Rice">Sam Rice</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Frank_Robinson" title="Frank Robinson">Frank Robinson</a> <br /><b><a href="/wiki/Joe_Sewell" title="Joe Sewell">Joe Sewell</a></b> * </p> </td> <td width="50"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Billy_Southworth" title="Billy Southworth">Billy Southworth</a> <br /><b><a href="/wiki/Tris_Speaker" title="Tris Speaker">Tris Speaker</a></b> * <br /><b><a href="/wiki/Jim_Thome" title="Jim Thome">Jim Thome</a></b> * <br /><a href="/wiki/Hoyt_Wilhelm" title="Hoyt Wilhelm">Hoyt Wilhelm</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Dick_Williams" title="Dick Williams">Dick Williams</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Dave_Winfield" title="Dave Winfield">Dave Winfield</a> <br /><b><a href="/wiki/Early_Wynn" title="Early Wynn">Early Wynn</a></b> * </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="margin: 1em auto;display:none"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> </td> <td width="50"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> </td> <td width="50"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> </td> <td width="50"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> </td> <td width="50"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="margin: 1em auto;display:none"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> </td> <td width="50"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> </td> <td width="50"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> </td> <td width="50"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> </td> <td width="50"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Players and managers listed in <b>bold</b> are depicted on their Hall of Fame plaques wearing a Indians or Naps cap insignia.</li> <li>* Cleveland Indians listed as primary team according to the Hall of Fame</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ford_C._Frick_Award_recipients">Ford C. Frick Award recipients</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Ford C. Frick Award recipients"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="toccolours" style="font-size: 95%; margin: 1em auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color: #002B5C; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;">Cleveland Guardians <a href="/wiki/Ford_C._Frick_Award" title="Ford C. Frick Award"><span style="color: #FFFFFF;">Ford C. Frick Award</span></a> recipients </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #E31937; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;">Affiliation according to the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum </th></tr> <tr> <td> <table style="margin: 1em auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Mel_Allen" title="Mel Allen">Mel Allen</a> </p> </td> <td width="50"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Joe_Castiglione" title="Joe Castiglione">Joe Castiglione</a> </p> </td> <td width="50"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Dudley" title="Jimmy Dudley">Jimmy Dudley</a></b> </p> </td> <td width="50"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Jack_Graney" title="Jack Graney">Jack Graney</a></b> </p> </td> <td width="50"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><b>Names in bold</b> received the award based primarily on their work as broadcasters for the Indians/Guardians.</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Retired_numbers">Retired numbers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Retired numbers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_retired_numbers" title="List of Major League Baseball retired numbers">List of Major League Baseball retired numbers</a></div> <table style="white-space:nowrap"><tbody><tr><td> <table style="float:left; text-align:center; width:100px; border:#aaa 1px solid; margin:0.5em 1.4em 0.8em 0;"><tbody><tr><td style="background:transparent;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:EarlAverill.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/EarlAverill.png/100px-EarlAverill.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/EarlAverill.png/150px-EarlAverill.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/EarlAverill.png/200px-EarlAverill.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Earl_Averill" title="Earl Averill">Earl<br />Averill</a><br />CF<br /><span style="font-size:80%; white-space:normal">Retired <span style="white-space:nowrap">June 8, 1975</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="float:left; text-align:center; width:100px; border:#aaa 1px solid; margin:0.5em 1.4em 0.8em 0;"><tbody><tr><td style="background:transparent;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:LouBoudreau.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/LouBoudreau.png/100px-LouBoudreau.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/LouBoudreau.png/150px-LouBoudreau.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/LouBoudreau.png/200px-LouBoudreau.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Lou_Boudreau" title="Lou Boudreau">Lou<br />Boudreau</a><br />SS, Manager<br /><span style="font-size:80%; white-space:normal">Retired <span style="white-space:nowrap">July 9, 1970</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="float:left; text-align:center; width:100px; border:#aaa 1px solid; margin:0.5em 1.4em 0.8em 0;"><tbody><tr><td style="background:transparent;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CLE_14_LarryDoby.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="14" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/CLE_14_LarryDoby.png/100px-CLE_14_LarryDoby.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/CLE_14_LarryDoby.png/150px-CLE_14_LarryDoby.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/CLE_14_LarryDoby.png/200px-CLE_14_LarryDoby.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Larry_Doby" title="Larry Doby">Larry<br />Doby</a><br />CF, Coach<br /><span style="font-size:80%; white-space:normal">Retired <span style="white-space:nowrap">July 3, 1994</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="float:left; text-align:center; width:100px; border:#aaa 1px solid; margin:0.5em 1.4em 0.8em 0;"><tbody><tr><td style="background:transparent;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CLE_18_MelHarder.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="18" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/CLE_18_MelHarder.png/100px-CLE_18_MelHarder.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/CLE_18_MelHarder.png/150px-CLE_18_MelHarder.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/CLE_18_MelHarder.png/200px-CLE_18_MelHarder.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Mel_Harder" title="Mel Harder">Mel<br />Harder</a><br />SP, Coach<br /><span style="font-size:80%; white-space:normal">Retired <span style="white-space:nowrap">July 28, 1990</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="float:left; text-align:center; width:100px; border:#aaa 1px solid; margin:0.5em 1.4em 0.8em 0;"><tbody><tr><td style="background:transparent;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CLE_19_BobFeller.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="19" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/CLE_19_BobFeller.png/100px-CLE_19_BobFeller.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/CLE_19_BobFeller.png/150px-CLE_19_BobFeller.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/CLE_19_BobFeller.png/200px-CLE_19_BobFeller.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bob_Feller" title="Bob Feller">Bob<br />Feller</a><br />SP, Coach<br /><span style="font-size:80%; white-space:normal">Retired <span style="white-space:nowrap">December 27, 1956</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="float:left; text-align:center; width:100px; border:#aaa 1px solid; margin:0.5em 1.4em 0.8em 0;"><tbody><tr><td style="background:transparent;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Indians20_FrankRobinson.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="20" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Indians20_FrankRobinson.png/100px-Indians20_FrankRobinson.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Indians20_FrankRobinson.png/150px-Indians20_FrankRobinson.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Indians20_FrankRobinson.png/200px-Indians20_FrankRobinson.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Frank_Robinson" title="Frank Robinson">Frank<br />Robinson</a><br />OF, Manager<br /><span style="font-size:80%; white-space:normal">Retired <span style="white-space:nowrap">May 28, 2017</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="float:left; text-align:center; width:100px; border:#aaa 1px solid; margin:0.5em 1.4em 0.8em 0;"><tbody><tr><td style="background:transparent;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CLE_21_BobLemon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="21" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/CLE_21_BobLemon.png/100px-CLE_21_BobLemon.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/CLE_21_BobLemon.png/150px-CLE_21_BobLemon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/CLE_21_BobLemon.png/200px-CLE_21_BobLemon.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bob_Lemon" title="Bob Lemon">Bob<br />Lemon</a><br />P, Coach<br /><span style="font-size:80%; white-space:normal">Retired <span style="white-space:nowrap">June 20, 1998</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="float:left; text-align:center; width:100px; border:#aaa 1px solid; margin:0.5em 1.4em 0.8em 0;"><tbody><tr><td style="background:transparent;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CLE_25_JimThome.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="25" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/CLE_25_JimThome.png/100px-CLE_25_JimThome.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/CLE_25_JimThome.png/150px-CLE_25_JimThome.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/CLE_25_JimThome.png/200px-CLE_25_JimThome.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Jim_Thome" title="Jim Thome">Jim<br />Thome</a><br />1B, DH, 3B<br /><span style="font-size:80%; white-space:normal">Retired <span style="white-space:nowrap">August 18, 2018</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="float:left; text-align:center; width:100px; border:#aaa 1px solid; margin:0.5em 1.4em 0.8em 0;"><tbody><tr><td style="background:transparent;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CLE_42_JackieRobinson.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="42" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/CLE_42_JackieRobinson.png/100px-CLE_42_JackieRobinson.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/CLE_42_JackieRobinson.png/150px-CLE_42_JackieRobinson.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/CLE_42_JackieRobinson.png/200px-CLE_42_JackieRobinson.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Robinson" title="Jackie Robinson">Jackie<br />Robinson</a><br />All MLB<br /><span style="font-size:80%; white-space:normal">Retired <span style="white-space:nowrap">April 15, 1997</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="float:left; text-align:center; width:100px; border:#aaa 1px solid; margin:0.5em 1.4em 0.8em 0;"><tbody><tr><td style="background:transparent;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CLE_455_TheFans.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="455" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/CLE_455_TheFans.png/100px-CLE_455_TheFans.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/CLE_455_TheFans.png/150px-CLE_455_TheFans.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/CLE_455_TheFans.png/200px-CLE_455_TheFans.png 2x" data-file-width="672" data-file-height="672" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/455_The_Fans" class="mw-redirect" title="455 The Fans">The<br />Fans</a><br /> <br /><span style="font-size:80%; white-space:normal">Retired <span style="white-space:nowrap">May 29, 2001</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li>Jackie Robinson's number 42 is retired throughout Major League Baseball.</li> <li>The number 455 was retired in honor of the Indians fans after the team <a href="/wiki/455_The_Fans" class="mw-redirect" title="455 The Fans">sold out 455 consecutive games</a> between 1995 and 2001, which was an MLB record until it was surpassed by the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox" title="Boston Red Sox">Boston Red Sox</a> on September 8, 2008.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Guardians_Hall_of_Fame">Guardians Hall of Fame</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Guardians Hall of Fame"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians_award_winners_and_league_leaders#Cleveland_Guardians_Hall_of_Fame" title="Cleveland Guardians award winners and league leaders">Cleveland Guardians award winners and league leaders § Cleveland Guardians Hall of Fame</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Statues">Statues</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Statues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Numerous Naps/Indians players have had statues made in their honor: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="In_and_around_Progressive_Field">In and around Progressive Field</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: In and around Progressive Field"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Feller" title="Bob Feller">Bob Feller</a> (team all-time leader in wins and strikeouts by a pitcher, <a href="/wiki/1948_World_Series" title="1948 World Series">1948 World Series</a> Champion, eight-time All-Star) – since 1994*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Thome" title="Jim Thome">Jim Thome</a> (team all-time leader in home runs and walks by a hitter, three-time All-Star with the Indians) – since 2014*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Doby" title="Larry Doby">Larry Doby</a> (First black player in the American League, <a href="/wiki/1948_World_Series" title="1948 World Series">1948 World Series</a> Champion, seven-time All-Star) – since 2015*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Robinson" title="Frank Robinson">Frank Robinson</a> (Became first black manager in MLB history when he served as player/manager from 1975 to 1977) – since 2017</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Boudreau" title="Lou Boudreau">Lou Boudreau</a> (1948 AL MVP, <a href="/wiki/1948_World_Series" title="1948 World Series">1948 World Series</a> Champion as player/manager, eight-time All-Star) – since 2017*<sup id="cite_ref-179" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="In_and_around_Cleveland">In and around Cleveland</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: In and around Cleveland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Hall of Fame outfielder <a href="/wiki/Elmer_Flick" title="Elmer Flick">Elmer Flick</a> has a statue in his hometown of <a href="/wiki/Bedford,_Ohio" title="Bedford, Ohio">Bedford, Ohio</a>, a nearby suburb of Cleveland – since 2013*</li> <li>Former outfielder <a href="/wiki/Luke_Easter_(baseball)" title="Luke Easter (baseball)">Luke Easter</a> has a statue outside of his namesake park on the east side of Cleveland – since 1980 (when the park was renamed in Easter's honor following his murder)<sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-180"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Five-time All-Star (with the Indians) outfielder <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Colavito" title="Rocky Colavito">Rocky Colavito</a> has a statue in Cleveland's <a href="/wiki/Little_Italy,_Cleveland" class="mw-redirect" title="Little Italy, Cleveland">Little Italy</a> neighborhood – since August 10, 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-182" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>(*) – Inducted into the <a href="/wiki/Baseball_Hall_of_Fame" class="mw-redirect" title="Baseball Hall of Fame">Baseball Hall of Fame</a> as an Indian/Nap. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Murals">Murals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Murals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In July 2022 - in honor of the 75th anniversary of <a href="/wiki/Larry_Doby" title="Larry Doby">Larry Doby</a> becoming the AL's first black player - a mural was added to the exterior of Progressive Field, honoring players who were viewed as barrier breakers that played for the Indians/Guardians. The mural features Doby, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Robinson" title="Frank Robinson">Frank Robinson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Satchel_Paige" title="Satchel Paige">Satchel Paige</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-183" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Streets">Streets</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Streets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A portion of Eagle Avenue near Progressive Field was renamed "Larry Doby Way" in 2012<sup id="cite_ref-184" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parks_and_fields">Parks and fields</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Parks and fields"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A number of parks and newly built and renovated youth baseball fields in Cleveland have been named after former and current Indians/Guardians players, including: </p> <ul><li>Luke Easter Park - named for Easter in 1980 following his murder<sup id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-185"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>184<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Jim Thome All-Star Complex - 2019<sup id="cite_ref-186" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>185<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>CC Sabathia Field at Luke Easter Park - 2021<sup id="cite_ref-187" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-187"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>José Ramírez Field - 2023<sup id="cite_ref-188" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-188"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>187<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Franchise_records">Franchise records</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Franchise records"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Cleveland_Guardians_team_records" title="List of Cleveland Guardians team records">List of Cleveland Guardians team records</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Season_records">Season records</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Season records"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li>Highest batting average: .408, <a href="/wiki/Shoeless_Joe_Jackson" title="Shoeless Joe Jackson">Joe Jackson</a> (1911)</li> <li>Most games: 163, <a href="/wiki/Leon_Wagner" title="Leon Wagner">Leon Wagner</a> (1964)</li> <li>Most runs: 140, <a href="/wiki/Earl_Averill" title="Earl Averill">Earl Averill</a> (1930)</li> <li>Highest slugging %: .714, <a href="/wiki/Albert_Belle" title="Albert Belle">Albert Belle</a> (1994)</li> <li>Most doubles: 64, <a href="/wiki/George_Burns_(first_baseman)" title="George Burns (first baseman)">George Burns</a> (1926)</li> <li>Most triples: 26, <a href="/wiki/Shoeless_Joe_Jackson" title="Shoeless Joe Jackson">Joe Jackson</a> (1912)</li> <li>Most home runs: 52, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Thome" title="Jim Thome">Jim Thome</a> (2002)</li> <li>Most RBIs: 165, <a href="/wiki/Manny_Ram%C3%ADrez" class="mw-redirect" title="Manny Ramírez">Manny Ramírez</a> (1999)</li> <li>Most stolen bases: 75, <a href="/wiki/Kenny_Lofton" title="Kenny Lofton">Kenny Lofton</a> (1996)</li> <li>Most wins: 31, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Bagby,_Sr." class="mw-redirect" title="Jim Bagby, Sr.">Jim Bagby, Sr.</a> (1920)</li> <li>Lowest ERA: 1.16, <a href="/wiki/Addie_Joss" title="Addie Joss">Addie Joss</a> (1908)</li> <li>Strikeouts: 348, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Feller" title="Bob Feller">Bob Feller</a> (1946)</li> <li>Complete games: 36, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Feller" title="Bob Feller">Bob Feller</a> (1946)</li> <li>Saves: 47, <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Clase" title="Emmanuel Clase">Emmanuel Clase</a> (2024)</li> <li>Longest win streak: 22 games (2017)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Roster">Roster</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Roster"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="toccolours" style="font-size: 95%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="7" style="background-color: #002B5C !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #E31937, inset -2px -2px 0 #E31937; !important;; text-align: center;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1045256916">.mw-parser-output .navbar-header{text-align:center;position:relative;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbar-header .navbar{position:absolute;right:0;top:0;margin:0 5px}</style><div class="navbar-header" style="color:#FFFFFF;">Cleveland Guardians 2025 spring training roster<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cleveland_Guardians_roster" title="Template:Cleveland Guardians roster"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#FFFFFF;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cleveland_Guardians_roster" title="Template talk:Cleveland Guardians roster"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:#FFFFFF;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cleveland_Guardians_roster" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cleveland Guardians roster"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:#FFFFFF;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="4" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;; text-align: center;">40-man roster </th> <th colspan="2" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;; text-align: center;"><span class="nowrap">Non-roster</span> invitees </th> <th colspan="1" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;; text-align: center;">Coaches/Other </th></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p><b>Pitchers</b> </p> <ul><li><span style="font-family: monospace">92</span> <a href="/wiki/Franco_Alem%C3%A1n" class="mw-redirect" title="Franco Alemán">Franco Alemán</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">41</span> <a href="/wiki/Logan_Allen_(baseball,_born_1998)" title="Logan Allen (baseball, born 1998)">Logan Allen</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">60</span> <a href="/wiki/Pedro_%C3%81vila" title="Pedro Ávila">Pedro Ávila</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">28</span> <a href="/wiki/Tanner_Bibee" title="Tanner Bibee">Tanner Bibee</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">54</span> <a href="/wiki/Joey_Cantillo" title="Joey Cantillo">Joey Cantillo</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">48</span> <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Clase" title="Emmanuel Clase">Emmanuel Clase</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">94</span> <a href="/wiki/Nic_Enright" class="mw-redirect" title="Nic Enright">Nic Enright</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">66</span> <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Espino" title="Daniel Espino">Daniel Espino</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">33</span> <a href="/wiki/Hunter_Gaddis" title="Hunter Gaddis">Hunter Gaddis</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">31</span> <a href="/wiki/Sam_Hentges" title="Sam Hentges">Sam Hentges</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">29</span> <a href="/wiki/Tim_Herrin" title="Tim Herrin">Tim Herrin</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">39</span> <a href="/wiki/Ben_Lively" title="Ben Lively">Ben Lively</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">24</span> <a href="/wiki/Triston_McKenzie" title="Triston McKenzie">Triston McKenzie</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">--</span> <a href="/wiki/Doug_Nikhazy" title="Doug Nikhazy">Doug Nikhazy</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">62</span> <a href="/wiki/Erik_Sabrowski" title="Erik Sabrowski">Erik Sabrowski</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">52</span> <a href="/wiki/Nick_Sandlin" title="Nick Sandlin">Nick Sandlin</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">36</span> <a href="/wiki/Cade_Smith" title="Cade Smith">Cade Smith</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">37</span> <a href="/wiki/Trevor_Stephan" title="Trevor Stephan">Trevor Stephan</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">63</span> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Walters_(baseball)" title="Andrew Walters (baseball)">Andrew Walters</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">32</span> <a href="/wiki/Gavin_Williams_(baseball)" title="Gavin Williams (baseball)">Gavin Williams</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> </td> <td width="25px"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p><b>Catchers</b> </p> <ul><li><span style="font-family: monospace"> 6</span> <a href="/wiki/David_Fry_(baseball)" title="David Fry (baseball)">David Fry</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">27</span> <a href="/wiki/Austin_Hedges" title="Austin Hedges">Austin Hedges</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">23</span> <a href="/wiki/Bo_Naylor" title="Bo Naylor">Bo Naylor</a></li></ul> <p><b>Infielders</b> </p> <ul><li><span style="font-family: monospace">13</span> <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Arias_(shortstop)" title="Gabriel Arias (shortstop)">Gabriel Arias</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">74</span> <a href="/wiki/Juan_Brito_(infielder)" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan Brito (infielder)">Juan Brito</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace"> 0</span> <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Gim%C3%A9nez" title="Andrés Giménez">Andrés Giménez</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace"> 9</span> <a href="/wiki/Kyle_Manzardo" title="Kyle Manzardo">Kyle Manzardo</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">22</span> <a href="/wiki/Josh_Naylor" title="Josh Naylor">Josh Naylor</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">11</span> <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ram%C3%ADrez_(infielder)" title="José Ramírez (infielder)">José Ramírez</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace"> 4</span> <a href="/wiki/Brayan_Rocchio" title="Brayan Rocchio">Brayan Rocchio</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">10</span> <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Schneemann" title="Daniel Schneemann">Daniel Schneemann</a></li></ul> <p><b>Outfielders</b> </p> <ul><li><span style="font-family: monospace">17</span> <a href="/wiki/Will_Brennan" title="Will Brennan">Will Brennan</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace"> 2</span> <a href="/wiki/Tyler_Freeman_(baseball)" title="Tyler Freeman (baseball)">Tyler Freeman</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">89</span> <a href="/wiki/Petey_Halpin" class="mw-redirect" title="Petey Halpin">Petey Halpin</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">38</span> <a href="/wiki/Steven_Kwan" title="Steven Kwan">Steven Kwan</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace"> 1</span> <a href="/wiki/%C3%81ngel_Mart%C3%ADnez_(baseball)" title="Ángel Martínez (baseball)">Ángel Martínez</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">43</span> <a href="/wiki/Jhonkensy_Noel" title="Jhonkensy Noel">Jhonkensy Noel</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">30</span> <a href="/wiki/Johnathan_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="Johnathan Rodríguez">Johnathan Rodríguez</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace"> 8</span> <a href="/wiki/Lane_Thomas" title="Lane Thomas">Lane Thomas</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> </td> <td width="25px"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p><b>Pitchers</b> </p> <ul><li><span style="font-family: monospace">--</span> <a href="/wiki/Parker_Mushinski" title="Parker Mushinski">Parker Mushinski</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p><p><br /> </p><p><b>Outfielders</b> </p> <ul><li><span style="font-family: monospace">76</span> <a href="/wiki/George_Valera" title="George Valera">George Valera</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> </td> <td width="25px"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p><b>Manager</b> </p> <ul><li><span style="font-family: monospace">12</span> <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Vogt" title="Stephen Vogt">Stephen Vogt</a></li></ul> <p><b>Coaches</b> </p> <ul><li><span style="font-family: monospace">55</span> <a href="/wiki/Craig_Albernaz" title="Craig Albernaz">Craig Albernaz</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(associate manager)</span></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">15</span> <a href="/wiki/Sandy_Alomar_Jr." title="Sandy Alomar Jr.">Sandy Alomar Jr.</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(first base/catching)</span></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">50</span> <a href="/wiki/Kai_Correa" title="Kai Correa">Kai Correa</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(field coordinator/defense/base running)</span></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">85</span> Jason Esposito <span style="font-size:85%;">(assistant hitting)</span></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">--</span> <a href="/wiki/Grant_Fink" title="Grant Fink">Grant Fink</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(hitting)</span></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">81</span> <a href="/wiki/Brad_Goldberg" title="Brad Goldberg">Brad Goldberg</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(bullpen)</span></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">84</span> J. T. Maguire <span style="font-size:85%;">(outfield/base running)</span></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">53</span> <a href="/wiki/Rouglas_Odor" title="Rouglas Odor">Rouglas Odor</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(third base/infield)</span></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">82</span> Ricky Pacione <span style="font-size:85%;">(bullpen catcher)</span></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">83</span> Dan Puente <span style="font-size:85%;">(assistant hitting)</span></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">72</span> Eric Rodríguez <span style="font-size:85%;">(bullpen catcher)</span></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">86</span> <a href="/wiki/Joe_Torres_(baseball)" title="Joe Torres (baseball)">Joe Torres</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(assistant pitching)</span></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">--</span> Josh Tubbs <span style="font-size:85%;">(hitting analyst)</span></li> <li><span style="font-family: monospace">51</span> <a href="/wiki/Carl_Willis" title="Carl Willis">Carl Willis</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(pitching)</span></li></ul> <p><br /> </p><p><br /> </p><p><small>39 active, 0 inactive, 2 non-roster invitees</small> </p><p><small><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Injury_icon_2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Injury_icon_2.svg/10px-Injury_icon_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Injury_icon_2.svg/15px-Injury_icon_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Injury_icon_2.svg/20px-Injury_icon_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> 7-, 10-, or 15-day <a href="/wiki/Injured_list" title="Injured list">injured list</a><br /></small> <small>* Not on active roster<br /></small> <small><sup>†</sup> Suspended list<br /></small> <small class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/guardians/roster/40-man">Roster</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/guardians/roster/coaches">coaches</a>, and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/guardians/roster/nri">NRIs</a> updated November 25, 2024<br /></small> <small class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/guardians/roster/transactions">Transactions</a></small> <small class="plainlinks">• <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/guardians/roster/depth-chart">Depth chart</a><br /></small> <small>→ <a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_team_rosters" title="List of Major League Baseball team rosters">All MLB rosters</a></small> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Minor_league_affiliations">Minor league affiliations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Minor league affiliations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Cleveland_Guardians_minor_league_affiliates" title="List of Cleveland Guardians minor league affiliates">List of Cleveland Guardians minor league affiliates</a></div> <p>The Cleveland Guardians <a href="/wiki/Farm_team" title="Farm team">farm system</a> consists of seven <a href="/wiki/Minor_League_Baseball" title="Minor League Baseball">minor league</a> affiliates.<sup id="cite_ref-189" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-189"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>188<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #002B5C !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #E31937, inset -2px -2px 0 #E31937; !important;">Class </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #002B5C !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #E31937, inset -2px -2px 0 #E31937; !important;">Team </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #002B5C !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #E31937, inset -2px -2px 0 #E31937; !important;">League </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #002B5C !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #E31937, inset -2px -2px 0 #E31937; !important;">Location </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #002B5C !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #E31937, inset -2px -2px 0 #E31937; !important;">Ballpark </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color: #002B5C !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #E31937, inset -2px -2px 0 #E31937; !important;">Affiliated </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Triple-A_(baseball)" title="Triple-A (baseball)">Triple-A</a> </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Clippers" title="Columbus Clippers">Columbus Clippers</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/International_League" title="International League">International League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus, Ohio</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Huntington_Park_(Columbus,_Ohio)" title="Huntington Park (Columbus, Ohio)">Huntington Park</a> </td> <td align="right">2009 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Double-A_(baseball)" title="Double-A (baseball)">Double-A</a> </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Akron_RubberDucks" title="Akron RubberDucks">Akron RubberDucks</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Eastern_League_(1938%E2%80%93present)" title="Eastern League (1938–present)">Eastern League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Akron,_Ohio" title="Akron, Ohio">Akron, Ohio</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Canal_Park_(Akron,_Ohio)" title="Canal Park (Akron, Ohio)">Canal Park</a> </td> <td align="right">1989 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/High-A" title="High-A">High-A</a> </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Lake_County_Captains" title="Lake County Captains">Lake County Captains</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Midwest_League" title="Midwest League">Midwest League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eastlake,_Ohio" title="Eastlake, Ohio">Eastlake, Ohio</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Classic_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Classic Park">Classic Park</a> </td> <td align="right">1991 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Single-A" title="Single-A">Single-A</a> </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Lynchburg_Hillcats" title="Lynchburg Hillcats">Lynchburg Hillcats</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Carolina_League" title="Carolina League">Carolina League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lynchburg,_Virginia" title="Lynchburg, Virginia">Lynchburg, Virginia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_the_James_Stadium" title="Bank of the James Stadium">Bank of the James Stadium</a> </td> <td align="right">2015 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Rookie_league" class="mw-redirect" title="Rookie league">Rookie</a> </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Complex_League_Guardians" title="Arizona Complex League Guardians">ACL Guardians</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Complex_League" title="Arizona Complex League">Arizona Complex League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Goodyear,_Arizona" title="Goodyear, Arizona">Goodyear, Arizona</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Ballpark" title="Goodyear Ballpark">Goodyear Ballpark</a> </td> <td align="right">2021 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Summer_League_Guardians" title="Dominican Summer League Guardians">DSL Guardians Goryl</a> </th> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Summer_League" title="Dominican Summer League">Dominican Summer League</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Boca_Chica" title="Boca Chica">Boca Chica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santo_Domingo_Province" title="Santo Domingo Province">Santo Domingo</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Academia_de_Prospecto_Complex" title="Academia de Prospecto Complex">Academia de Prospecto Complex</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="right">2021 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Summer_League_Guardians" title="Dominican Summer League Guardians">DSL Guardians Mendoza</a> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Regular_season_home_attendance">Regular season home attendance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Regular season home attendance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table cellpadding="1" style="width:300px; font-size:90%; border:2px solid #E31937;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center; font-size:larger;"> <td colspan="5" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;"><b>Home Attendance at Jacobs/Progressive Field</b><sup id="cite_ref-Baseball-Reference.com_190-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baseball-Reference.com-190"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>189<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:"> <td><b>Year</b></td> <td><b>Total attendance</b></td> <td><b>Game average</b></td> <td><b>AL rank</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2000_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2000 Cleveland Indians season">2000</a> </td> <td>3,456,278 </td> <td>42,670 </td> <td>1st </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2001_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2001 Cleveland Indians season">2001</a> </td> <td>3,175,523 </td> <td>39,694 </td> <td>3rd </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2002_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2002 Cleveland Indians season">2002</a> </td> <td>2,616,940 </td> <td>32,308 </td> <td>5th </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2003_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2003 Cleveland Indians season">2003</a> </td> <td>1,730,002 </td> <td>21,358 </td> <td>12th </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2004_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2004 Cleveland Indians season">2004</a> </td> <td>1,814,401 </td> <td>22,400 </td> <td>12th </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2005_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2005 Cleveland Indians season">2005</a> </td> <td>2,013,763 </td> <td>24,861 </td> <td>12th </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2006_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2006 Cleveland Indians season">2006</a> </td> <td>1,997,995 </td> <td>24,667 </td> <td>11th </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2007_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2007 Cleveland Indians season">2007</a> </td> <td>2,275,912 </td> <td>28,449 </td> <td>9th </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2008_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2008 Cleveland Indians season">2008</a> </td> <td>2,169,760 </td> <td>26,787 </td> <td>9th </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2009_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2009 Cleveland Indians season">2009</a> </td> <td>1,766,242 </td> <td>21,805 </td> <td>13th </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2010_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2010 Cleveland Indians season">2010</a> </td> <td>1,391,644 </td> <td>17,181 </td> <td>14th </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2011_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2011 Cleveland Indians season">2011</a> </td> <td>1,840,835 </td> <td>22,726 </td> <td>9th </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2012_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2012 Cleveland Indians season">2012</a> </td> <td>1,603,596 </td> <td>19,797 </td> <td>13th </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2013_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2013 Cleveland Indians season">2013</a> </td> <td>1,572,926 </td> <td>19,419 </td> <td>14th </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2014_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2014 Cleveland Indians season">2014</a> </td> <td>1,437,393 </td> <td>17,746 </td> <td>15th </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2015_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2015 Cleveland Indians season">2015</a> </td> <td>1,388,905 </td> <td>17,361 </td> <td>14th </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2016_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2016 Cleveland Indians season">2016</a> </td> <td>1,591,667 </td> <td>19,650 </td> <td>13th </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2017_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2017 Cleveland Indians season">2017</a> </td> <td>2,048,138 </td> <td>25,286 </td> <td>11th </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2018_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2018 Cleveland Indians season">2018</a> </td> <td>1,926,701 </td> <td>23,786 </td> <td>9th </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2019_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2019 Cleveland Indians season">2019</a> </td> <td>1,738,642 </td> <td>21,465 </td> <td>9th </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2020_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2020 Cleveland Indians season">2020</a> </td> <td>0* </td> <td>0 </td> <td>T-1st </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2021_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2021 Cleveland Indians season">2021</a> </td> <td>1,114,368** </td> <td>13,758 </td> <td>10th </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2022_Cleveland_Indians_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Cleveland Indians season">2022</a> </td> <td>1,295,870 </td> <td>15,998 </td> <td>12th </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2023_Cleveland_Guardians_season" title="2023 Cleveland Guardians season">2023</a> </td> <td>1,834,068 </td> <td>23,541 </td> <td>10th </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>(*) - There were no fans allowed in any MLB stadium in 2020 due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>. </p><p>(**) - At the beginning of the season, there was a limit of 30% capacity due to COVID-19 restrictions implemented by Ohio Governor <a href="/wiki/Mike_DeWine" title="Mike DeWine">Mike DeWine</a>. On June 2, DeWine lifted the restrictions, and the team immediately allowed full capacity at Progressive Field. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians_all-time_roster" title="Cleveland Guardians all-time roster">Cleveland Guardians all-time roster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cleveland_Guardians_managers" title="List of Cleveland Guardians managers">List of Cleveland Guardians managers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cleveland_Guardians_seasons" title="List of Cleveland Guardians seasons">List of Cleveland Guardians seasons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cleveland_Guardians_team_records" title="List of Cleveland Guardians team records">List of Cleveland Guardians team records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Series_champions" title="List of World Series champions">List of World Series champions</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nights, weekends, and select games from <a href="/wiki/1937_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1937 Major League Baseball season">1937</a> to <a href="/wiki/1946_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1946 Major League Baseball season">1946</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFNicks2024" class="citation web cs1">Nicks, Michelle (October 12, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cleveland19.com/2024/10/13/guardians-fans-react-after-grand-slam-sends-guards-new-york/">"Guardians fans react after grand slam sends the Guards to New York"</a>. <a href="/wiki/WOIO" title="WOIO">WOIO</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 18,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Guardians+fans+react+after+grand+slam+sends+the+Guards+to+New+York&rft.pub=WOIO&rft.date=2024-10-12&rft.aulast=Nicks&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleveland19.com%2F2024%2F10%2F13%2Fguardians-fans-react-after-grand-slam-sends-guards-new-york%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAxisa2016" class="citation news cs1">Axisa, Mike (November 3, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbssports.com/mlb/news/now-that-the-cubs-are-champs-the-indians-have-baseballs-longest-world-series-drought/">"Now that Cubs are champs, Indians have MLB's longest World series drought"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CBS_Sports" title="CBS Sports">CBS Sports</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180614073358/https://www.cbssports.com/mlb/news/now-that-the-cubs-are-champs-the-indians-have-baseballs-longest-world-series-drought/">Archived</a> from the original on June 14, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2016</span>. <q>So, with the Cubs finally on top, the longest championship drought in baseball now belongs to the team they beat – the Indians. Cleveland has not won a World Series since way back in 1948.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+Sports&rft.atitle=Now+that+Cubs+are+champs%2C+Indians+have+MLB%27s+longest+World+series+drought&rft.date=2016-11-03&rft.aulast=Axisa&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbssports.com%2Fmlb%2Fnews%2Fnow-that-the-cubs-are-champs-the-indians-have-baseballs-longest-world-series-drought%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBloch1997" class="citation news cs1">Bloch, Mark (October 27, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.panmodern.com/cleveland_Mark_Bloch.html">"Cleveland's Legacy of Loss"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/ESPN.com" title="ESPN.com">ESPN.com</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3ZyJHkplESoC&q=the+success+of+the+1869+Cincinnati+Red+Stockings%2C+the+first+fully+professional+team&pg=PA36"><i>Ohio, the Buckeye State</i></a>. Gareth Stevens. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780836851243" title="Special:BookSources/9780836851243"><bdi>9780836851243</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201214154319/https://books.google.com/books?id=3ZyJHkplESoC&q=the+success+of+the+1869+Cincinnati+Red+Stockings%2C+the+first+fully+professional+team&pg=PA36">Archived</a> from the original on December 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ohio%2C+the+Buckeye+State&rft.pub=Gareth+Stevens&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9780836851243&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Michael+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3ZyJHkplESoC%26q%3Dthe%2Bsuccess%2Bof%2Bthe%2B1869%2BCincinnati%2BRed%2BStockings%252C%2Bthe%2Bfirst%2Bfully%2Bprofessional%2Bteam%26pg%3DPA36&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/1872/TCL101872.htm">"The 1872 Cleveland Forest Citys"</a>. retrosheet.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160205091816/http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/1872/TCL101872.htm">Archived</a> from the original on February 5, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+1872+Cleveland+Forest+Citys&rft.pub=retrosheet.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2F1872%2FTCL101872.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchneider2001" class="citation book cs1">Schneider, Russell (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9jkqN0qu-fcC"><i>Cleveland Indians Encyclopedia</i></a>. Sports Publishing LLC. p. 9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58261-376-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-58261-376-1"><bdi>1-58261-376-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cleveland+Indians+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=Sports+Publishing+LLC&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-58261-376-1&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9jkqN0qu-fcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-perfectos-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-perfectos_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080501205105/http://www.wcnet.org/~dlfleitz/cleve.htm">"The 1899 Cleveland Spiders"</a>. <i>David Fleitz</i>. wcnet.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wcnet.org/~dlfleitz/cleve.htm">the original</a> on May 1, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 27,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=David+Fleitz&rft.atitle=The+1899+Cleveland+Spiders&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcnet.org%2F~dlfleitz%2Fcleve.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHittner2003" class="citation book cs1">Hittner, Arthur (2003). <i>Honus Wagner: The Life of Baseball's Flying Dutchman</i>. McFarland & Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7864-1811-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-7864-1811-7"><bdi>0-7864-1811-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Honus+Wagner%3A+The+Life+of+Baseball%27s+Flying+Dutchman&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Company&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-7864-1811-7&rft.aulast=Hittner&rft.aufirst=Arthur&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/sportscentury/features/00016661.html">"Bob Diskin, Special to ESPN.com, <i>A pitcher worthy of a trophy</i>"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130628103521/http://espn.go.com/sportscentury/features/00016661.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 28, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 14,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bob+Diskin%2C+Special+to+ESPN.com%2C+A+pitcher+worthy+of+a+trophy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fsportscentury%2Ffeatures%2F00016661.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.projectballpark.org/history/pl/brotherhood.html">"Project Ballpark"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131004220544/http://www.projectballpark.org/history/pl/brotherhood.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 4, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 14,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Project+Ballpark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.projectballpark.org%2Fhistory%2Fpl%2Fbrotherhood.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCastrovince2021" class="citation news cs1">Castrovince, Anthony (July 23, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/guardians/news/how-the-cleveland-indians-became-the-guardians">"What's in a name? Introducing the Guardians"</a>. <i>CLEGuardians.com</i>. <a href="/wiki/MLB_Advanced_Media" title="MLB Advanced Media">MLB Advanced Media</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 9,</span> 2024</span>. <q>The AL outfit originated as a Western League team known as the Grand Rapids Rustlers, then the Cleveland Lakeshores.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CLEGuardians.com&rft.atitle=What%27s+in+a+name%3F+Introducing+the+Guardians&rft.date=2021-07-23&rft.aulast=Castrovince&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlb.com%2Fguardians%2Fnews%2Fhow-the-cleveland-indians-became-the-guardians&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Ip0Kox_v8rDOrSHJY14YTLb4wafup-C3"><i>2023 Cleveland Guardians Media Guide</i></a>. Cleveland Guardians. p. 2<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 10,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=2023+Cleveland+Guardians+Media+Guide&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=Cleveland+Guardians&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdrive.google.com%2Ffile%2Fd%2F1Ip0Kox_v8rDOrSHJY14YTLb4wafup-C3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TBT-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TBT_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TBT_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TBT_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TBT_29-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TBT_29-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPurdy2006" class="citation book cs1">Purdy, Dennis (2006). <i>The Team-by-Team Encyclopedia of Major League Baseball</i>. New York City: <a href="/wiki/Workman_Publishing_Company" title="Workman Publishing Company">Workman</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7611-3943-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7611-3943-5"><bdi>0-7611-3943-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Team-by-Team+Encyclopedia+of+Major+League+Baseball&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Workman&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-7611-3943-5&rft.aulast=Purdy&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchneider2001" class="citation book cs1">Schneider, Russell (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9jkqN0qu-fcC"><i>Cleveland Indians Encyclopedia</i></a>. Sports Publishing LLC. p. 11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58261-376-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-58261-376-1"><bdi>1-58261-376-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cleveland+Indians+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Sports+Publishing+LLC&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-58261-376-1&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9jkqN0qu-fcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPosnanski2016" class="citation web cs1">Posnanski, Joe (October 14, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sportsworld.nbcsports.com/cleveland-indians-nickname-sockalexis/">"What's in a name?"</a>. <i>NBC SportsWorld</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 8,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+SportsWorld&rft.atitle=What%27s+in+a+name%3F&rft.date=2016-10-14&rft.aulast=Posnanski&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsportsworld.nbcsports.com%2Fcleveland-indians-nickname-sockalexis%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchneider2001" class="citation book cs1">Schneider, Russell (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9jkqN0qu-fcC"><i>Cleveland Indians Encyclopedia</i></a>. Sports Publishing LLC. pp. 12–13. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58261-376-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-58261-376-1"><bdi>1-58261-376-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cleveland+Indians+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=12-13&rft.pub=Sports+Publishing+LLC&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-58261-376-1&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9jkqN0qu-fcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeymour1960" class="citation book cs1">Seymour, Harold (1960). <i>Baseball</i>. Oxford University Press, US. pp. 214–215. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-500100-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-500100-1"><bdi>0-19-500100-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Baseball&rft.pages=214-215&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+US&rft.date=1960&rft.isbn=0-19-500100-1&rft.aulast=Seymour&rft.aufirst=Harold&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1908AL-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1908AL_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090215121155/http://www.baseball-reference.com/leagues/AL_1908.shtml">"1908 American League Standings"</a>. <i>Baseball-Reference.com</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 19,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baseball-Reference.com&rft.atitle=1908+American+League+Standings&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseball-reference.com%2Fleagues%2FAL_1908.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchneider2001" class="citation book cs1">Schneider, Russell (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9jkqN0qu-fcC"><i>Cleveland Indians Encyclopedia</i></a>. Sports Publishing LLC. p. 319. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58261-376-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-58261-376-1"><bdi>1-58261-376-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cleveland+Indians+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=319&rft.pub=Sports+Publishing+LLC&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-58261-376-1&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9jkqN0qu-fcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchneider2001" class="citation book cs1">Schneider, Russell (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9jkqN0qu-fcC"><i>Cleveland Indians Encyclopedia</i></a>. Sports Publishing LLC. p. 413. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58261-376-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-58261-376-1"><bdi>1-58261-376-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cleveland+Indians+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=413&rft.pub=Sports+Publishing+LLC&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-58261-376-1&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9jkqN0qu-fcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1911/04/15/104862167.pdf">"Obituary, Pitcher Joss Dead: Ill Only Few Days"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. April 15, 1911. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201214154308/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1911/04/15/104862167.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on December 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 20,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Obituary%2C+Pitcher+Joss+Dead%3A+Ill+Only+Few+Days&rft.date=1911-04-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1911%2F04%2F15%2F104862167.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080704131724/http://www.baseball-reference.com/leagues/AL_1914.shtml">"1914 American League Standings"</a>. <i>Baseball-Reference.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/leagues/AL_1914.shtml">the original</a> on July 4, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baseball-Reference.com&rft.atitle=1914+American+League+Standings&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseball-reference.com%2Fleagues%2FAL_1914.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080622121215/http://www.baseball-reference.com/leagues/AL_1915.shtml">"1915 American League Standings"</a>. <i>Baseball-Reference.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/leagues/AL_1915.shtml">the original</a> on June 22, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baseball-Reference.com&rft.atitle=1915+American+League+Standings&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseball-reference.com%2Fleagues%2FAL_1915.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchneider2001" class="citation book cs1">Schneider, Russell (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9jkqN0qu-fcC"><i>Cleveland Indians Encyclopedia</i></a>. Sports Publishing LLC. p. 321. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58261-376-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-58261-376-1"><bdi>1-58261-376-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cleveland+Indians+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=321&rft.pub=Sports+Publishing+LLC&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-58261-376-1&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9jkqN0qu-fcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Baseball writers select 'Indians' as the best name to apply to the former Naps" <i><a href="/wiki/The_Plain_Dealer" title="The Plain Dealer">The Plain Dealer</a></i> January 17, 1915: 15</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Looking Backwards" <i>The Plain Dealer</i> January 18, 1915: 8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Somers-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Somers_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Somers_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLewis,_Franklin2006" class="citation book cs1">Lewis, Franklin (2006). <i>The Cleveland Indians</i>. Kent State University Press reprint from Putnam. pp. 76–77. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87338-885-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87338-885-6"><bdi>978-0-87338-885-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cleveland+Indians&rft.pages=76-77&rft.pub=Kent+State+University+Press+reprint+from+Putnam&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-87338-885-6&rft.au=Lewis%2C+Franklin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRatajczak,_Kenneth2008" class="citation book cs1">Ratajczak, Kenneth (2008). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wrongmanout0000rata"><i>The Wrong Man Out</i></a></span>. AuthorHouse. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wrongmanout0000rata/page/76">76</a>–77. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4343-5678-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4343-5678-9"><bdi>978-1-4343-5678-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Wrong+Man+Out&rft.pages=76-77&rft.pub=AuthorHouse&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-4343-5678-9&rft.au=Ratajczak%2C+Kenneth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwrongmanout0000rata&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchneider2001" class="citation book cs1">Schneider, Russell (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9jkqN0qu-fcC"><i>Cleveland Indians Encyclopedia</i></a>. Sports Publishing LLC. pp. 23–24. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58261-376-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-58261-376-1"><bdi>1-58261-376-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cleveland+Indians+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=23-24&rft.pub=Sports+Publishing+LLC&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-58261-376-1&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9jkqN0qu-fcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWardBurns,_Ken1996" class="citation book cs1">Ward, Geoffrey C.; Burns, Ken (1996). <i>Baseball: An Illustrated History</i>. Knopf. p. 153. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-679-76541-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-679-76541-7"><bdi>0-679-76541-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Baseball%3A+An+Illustrated+History&rft.pages=153&rft.pub=Knopf&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-679-76541-7&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey+C.&rft.au=Burns%2C+Ken&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/packages/html/sports/year_in_sports/08.17.html">"Report of Chapman's Death"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. August 1, 1920. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141009025423/http://www.nytimes.com/packages/html/sports/year_in_sports/08.17.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 9, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 14,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Report+of+Chapman%27s+Death&rft.date=1920-08-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fpackages%2Fhtml%2Fsports%2Fyear_in_sports%2F08.17.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/games/standings.cgi?date=1920-08-16">"Standings – Monday, Aug 16, 1920"</a>. <i>Baseball-Reference.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160205091817/http://www.baseball-reference.com/games/standings.cgi?date=1920-08-16">Archived</a> from the original on February 5, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 27,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baseball-Reference.com&rft.atitle=Standings+%E2%80%93+Monday%2C+Aug+16%2C+1920&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseball-reference.com%2Fgames%2Fstandings.cgi%3Fdate%3D1920-08-16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerkow1989" class="citation news cs1">Berkow, Ira (October 13, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1989/10/13/sports/sports-of-the-times-when-sewell-replaced-ray-chapman.html">"SPORTS OF THE TIMES; When Sewell Replaced Ray Chapman"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090413022816/http://www.nytimes.com/1989/10/13/sports/sports-of-the-times-when-sewell-replaced-ray-chapman.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 13, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=SPORTS+OF+THE+TIMES%3B+When+Sewell+Replaced+Ray+Chapman&rft.date=1989-10-13&rft.aulast=Berkow&rft.aufirst=Ira&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1989%2F10%2F13%2Fsports%2Fsports-of-the-times-when-sewell-replaced-ray-chapman.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.baseball-almanac.com/teamstats/schedule.php?y=1920&t=CLE">"CLE 1920 Cleveland Indians Schedule"</a>. <i>Baseball Almanac</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090405231756/http://www.baseball-almanac.com/teamstats/schedule.php?y=1920&t=CLE">Archived</a> from the original on April 5, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baseball+Almanac&rft.atitle=CLE+1920+Cleveland+Indians+Schedule&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseball-almanac.com%2Fteamstats%2Fschedule.php%3Fy%3D1920%26t%3DCLE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.baseball-almanac.com/teamstats/schedule.php?y=1920&t=CHA">"1920 Chicago White Sox Schedule"</a>. Baseball Almanac. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081206193916/http://www.baseball-almanac.com/teamstats/schedule.php?y=1920&t=CHA">Archived</a> from the original on December 6, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1920+Chicago+White+Sox+Schedule&rft.pub=Baseball+Almanac&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseball-almanac.com%2Fteamstats%2Fschedule.php%3Fy%3D1920%26t%3DCHA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson1985" class="citation magazine cs1">Anderson, Bruce (March 11, 1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121102205626/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1119227/index.htm">"When Baseballs Fell from On High, Henry Helf Rose to the Occasion"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1119227/index.htm">the original</a> on November 2, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=When+Baseballs+Fell+from+On+High%2C+Henry+Helf+Rose+to+the+Occasion&rft.date=1985-03-11&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsportsillustrated.cnn.com%2Fvault%2Farticle%2Fmagazine%2FMAG1119227%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFC._Phillip_Francis" class="citation web cs1">C. Phillip Francis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071012214434/http://www.chatterfromthedugout.com/cleveland_crybabies.htm">"The Cleveland Crybabies"</a>. <i>Chatter from the Dugout</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chatterfromthedugout.com/cleveland_crybabies.htm">the original</a> on October 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chatter+from+the+Dugout&rft.atitle=The+Cleveland+Crybabies&rft.au=C.+Phillip+Francis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chatterfromthedugout.com%2Fcleveland_crybabies.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeMaio_Brewer2000" class="citation news cs1">DeMaio Brewer, Lisa (June 21, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090126002835/http://www.therecordofwilkes.com/rec20000621/index.htm">"A National Treasure Calls Wilkes "Home"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The Record of Wilkes, N.C</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.therecordofwilkes.com/rec20000621/index.htm">the original</a> on January 26, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Record+of+Wilkes%2C+N.C.&rft.atitle=A+National+Treasure+Calls+Wilkes+%22Home%22&rft.date=2000-06-21&rft.aulast=DeMaio+Brewer&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.therecordofwilkes.com%2Frec20000621%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoush1965" class="citation news cs1">Housh, Leighton (April 4, 1965). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20090213210927/http://www.desmoinesregister.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19650404/SPORTS11/50710015">"Hal Trosky, Norway, 1965"</a>. <i>Des Moines Register</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.desmoinesregister.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19650404/SPORTS11/50710015">the original</a> on February 13, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Des+Moines+Register&rft.atitle=Hal+Trosky%2C+Norway%2C+1965&rft.date=1965-04-04&rft.aulast=Housh&rft.aufirst=Leighton&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.desmoinesregister.com%2Fapps%2Fpbcs.dll%2Farticle%3FAID%3D%2F19650404%2FSPORTS11%2F50710015&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchneider2001" class="citation book cs1">Schneider, Russell (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9jkqN0qu-fcC"><i>Cleveland Indians Encyclopedia</i></a>. Sports Publishing LLC. p. 52. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58261-376-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-58261-376-1"><bdi>1-58261-376-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cleveland+Indians+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=52&rft.pub=Sports+Publishing+LLC&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-58261-376-1&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9jkqN0qu-fcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchneider2001" class="citation book cs1">Schneider, Russell (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9jkqN0qu-fcC"><i>Cleveland Indians Encyclopedia</i></a>. Sports Publishing LLC. pp. 56, 346. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58261-376-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-58261-376-1"><bdi>1-58261-376-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cleveland+Indians+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=56%2C+346&rft.pub=Sports+Publishing+LLC&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-58261-376-1&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9jkqN0qu-fcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoxermanBoxerman2003" class="citation book cs1">Boxerman, Burton Alan; Boxerman, Benita W. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YBdRu_j0kcIC&pg=PA128"><i>Ebbets to Veeck to Busch: Eight Owners Who Shaped Baseball</i></a>. McFarland. p. 128. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7864-1562-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-7864-1562-2"><bdi>0-7864-1562-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201214154307/https://books.google.com/books?id=YBdRu_j0kcIC&pg=PA128">Archived</a> from the original on December 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ebbets+to+Veeck+to+Busch%3A+Eight+Owners+Who+Shaped+Baseball&rft.pages=128&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-7864-1562-2&rft.aulast=Boxerman&rft.aufirst=Burton+Alan&rft.au=Boxerman%2C+Benita+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYBdRu_j0kcIC%26pg%3DPA128&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/baseballs-clown-prince-dies/">"Baseball's Clown Prince Dies"</a>. <i>CBS News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121104114755/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/1999/10/30/archive/main68511.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on November 4, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=Baseball%27s+Clown+Prince+Dies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fbaseballs-clown-prince-dies%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Borsvold-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Borsvold_60-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Borsvold_60-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Borsvold_60-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Borsvold_60-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Borsvold_60-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Borsvold_60-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBorsvold2003" class="citation book cs1">Borsvold, David (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=v0hgrNuScVMC&pg=PA37"><i>The Cleveland Indians: Cleveland Press Years, 1920–1982</i></a>. Arcadia Publishing. pp. 37–38. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7385-2325-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-7385-2325-9"><bdi>0-7385-2325-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201214154338/https://books.google.com/books?id=v0hgrNuScVMC&pg=PA37">Archived</a> from the original on December 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cleveland+Indians%3A+Cleveland+Press+Years%2C+1920%E2%80%931982&rft.pages=37-38&rft.pub=Arcadia+Publishing&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-7385-2325-9&rft.aulast=Borsvold&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dv0hgrNuScVMC%26pg%3DPA37&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLowry2005" class="citation book cs1">Lowry, Phillip (2005). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/greencathedralsu0000lowr_u1c9"><i>Green Cathedrals</i></a></span>. New York City: Walker & Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8027-1562-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-8027-1562-1"><bdi>0-8027-1562-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Green+Cathedrals&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Walker+%26+Company&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-8027-1562-1&rft.aulast=Lowry&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgreencathedralsu0000lowr_u1c9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBriggs2007" class="citation news cs1">Briggs, David (August 8, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080401010151/http://cleveland.indians.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20070806&content_id=2133242&vkey=cle_gameface&fext=.jsp&c_id=cle">"League Park may glisten once again"</a>. <i>CLEGuardians.com</i>. MLB Advanced Media. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cleveland.indians.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20070806&content_id=2133242&vkey=cle_gameface&fext=.jsp&c_id=cle">the original</a> on April 1, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 4,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CLEGuardians.com&rft.atitle=League+Park+may+glisten+once+again&rft.date=2007-08-08&rft.aulast=Briggs&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcleveland.indians.mlb.com%2Fnews%2Farticle.jsp%3Fymd%3D20070806%26content_id%3D2133242%26vkey%3Dcle_gameface%26fext%3D.jsp%26c_id%3Dcle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/CLE/1948.shtml">"Satchel Paige 1948 Statistics"</a>. <i>Baseball-Reference.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080622154225/http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/CLE/1948.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on June 22, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 28,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baseball-Reference.com&rft.atitle=Satchel+Paige+1948+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseball-reference.com%2Fteams%2FCLE%2F1948.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0041545/">"The Kid from Cleveland"</a>. IMDB.com. September 5, 1949. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110301035514/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0041545/">Archived</a> from the original on March 1, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Kid+from+Cleveland&rft.pub=IMDB.com&rft.date=1949-09-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt0041545%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRibowsky2000" class="citation book cs1">Ribowsky, Mark (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LT2pirW9nSYC&pg=RA1-PA286"><i>Don't Look Back: Satchel Paige in the Shadows of Baseball</i></a>. Da Capo Press. p. 286. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-306-80963-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-306-80963-X"><bdi>0-306-80963-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Don%27t+Look+Back%3A+Satchel+Paige+in+the+Shadows+of+Baseball&rft.pages=286&rft.pub=Da+Capo+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-306-80963-X&rft.aulast=Ribowsky&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLT2pirW9nSYC%26pg%3DRA1-PA286&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/r/rosenal01.shtml">"Al Rosen Stats"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201214154342/https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/r/rosenal01.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on December 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 12,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Al+Rosen+Stats&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseball-reference.com%2Fplayers%2Fr%2Frosenal01.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cards-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cards_67-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cards_67-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEisenbathMusial1999" class="citation book cs1">Eisenbath, Mike; Musial, Stan (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hymGG28xYcoC&pg=PA410"><i>The Cardinals Encyclopedia</i></a>. Temple University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56639-703-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-56639-703-0"><bdi>1-56639-703-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201214154310/https://books.google.com/books?id=hymGG28xYcoC&pg=PA410">Archived</a> from the original on December 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cardinals+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=Temple+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=1-56639-703-0&rft.aulast=Eisenbath&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft.au=Musial%2C+Stan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhymGG28xYcoC%26pg%3DPA410&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchneider2002" class="citation book cs1">Schneider, Russell (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZCNvizFvLy0C&pg=PA100"><i>Tales from the Tribe Dugout</i></a>. Sports Publishing LLC. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58261-303-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-58261-303-6"><bdi>1-58261-303-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201214154317/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZCNvizFvLy0C&pg=PA100">Archived</a> from the original on December 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tales+from+the+Tribe+Dugout&rft.pub=Sports+Publishing+LLC&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=1-58261-303-6&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZCNvizFvLy0C%26pg%3DPA100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Maris-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Maris_69-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Maris_69-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Maris_69-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenfeld2002" class="citation book cs1">Rosenfeld, Harvey (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LIQLHXQrAssC&pg=PA44"><i>Still a Legend: The Story of Roger Maris</i></a>. iUniverse. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-595-24615-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-595-24615-X"><bdi>0-595-24615-X</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201214154344/https://books.google.com/books?id=LIQLHXQrAssC&pg=PA44">Archived</a> from the original on December 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Still+a+Legend%3A+The+Story+of+Roger+Maris&rft.pub=iUniverse&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-595-24615-X&rft.aulast=Rosenfeld&rft.aufirst=Harvey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLIQLHXQrAssC%26pg%3DPA44&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDow2001" class="citation news cs1">Dow, Bill (September 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120710070550/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0FCI/is_9_60/ai_76928886">"Former Tiger Norm Cash"</a>. <i>Baseball Digest</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0FCI/is_9_60/ai_76928886">the original</a> on July 10, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 11,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Baseball+Digest&rft.atitle=Former+Tiger+Norm+Cash&rft.date=2001-09&rft.aulast=Dow&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffindarticles.com%2Fp%2Farticles%2Fmi_m0FCI%2Fis_9_60%2Fai_76928886&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Colavito-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Colavito_71-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBorsvold1960" class="citation book cs1">Borsvold, David (1960). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=v0hgrNuScVMC&q=%2B%22colavito%22+%2Bfan+%2Bfavorite&pg=PA81"><i>The Cleveland Indians: Cleveland Press Years, 1920–1982</i></a>. Arcadia Publishing. p. 81. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7385-2325-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-7385-2325-9"><bdi>0-7385-2325-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201214154318/https://books.google.com/books?id=v0hgrNuScVMC&q=%2B%22colavito%22+%2Bfan+%2Bfavorite&pg=PA81">Archived</a> from the original on December 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cleveland+Indians%3A+Cleveland+Press+Years%2C+1920%E2%80%931982&rft.pages=81&rft.pub=Arcadia+Publishing&rft.date=1960&rft.isbn=0-7385-2325-9&rft.aulast=Borsvold&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dv0hgrNuScVMC%26q%3D%252B%2522colavito%2522%2B%252Bfan%2B%252Bfavorite%26pg%3DPA81&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGietschier1994" class="citation news cs1">Gietschier, Steve (September 25, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120713173059/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1208/is_n17_v217/ai_15355261">"The Curse of Rocky Colavito: A Loving Look at a Thirty-Year Slump. – book reviews"</a>. <i>The Sporting News</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1208/is_n17_v217/ai_15355261">the original</a> on July 13, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 10,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sporting+News&rft.atitle=The+Curse+of+Rocky+Colavito%3A+A+Loving+Look+at+a+Thirty-Year+Slump.+%E2%80%93+book+reviews&rft.date=1994-09-25&rft.aulast=Gietschier&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffindarticles.com%2Fp%2Farticles%2Fmi_m1208%2Fis_n17_v217%2Fai_15355261&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Curse-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Curse_73-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Curse_73-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrossfeld2007" class="citation news cs1">Grossfeld, Stan (October 12, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boston.com/sports/baseball/redsox/articles/2007/10/12/colavito_always_straight_shooter/">"Colavito Always Straight Shooter"</a>. <i>The Boston Globe</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081119021633/http://www.boston.com/sports/baseball/redsox/articles/2007/10/12/colavito_always_straight_shooter">Archived</a> from the original on November 19, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 29,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Colavito+Always+Straight+Shooter&rft.date=2007-10-12&rft.aulast=Grossfeld&rft.aufirst=Stan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.com%2Fsports%2Fbaseball%2Fredsox%2Farticles%2F2007%2F10%2F12%2Fcolavito_always_straight_shooter%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRiess2006" class="citation book cs1">Riess, Steven (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZCcJVZyl5oYC"><i>Encyclopedia of Major League Baseball Clubs: Volume 1</i></a>. Univ of South Carolina Press. p. 1067. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-313-32993-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-313-32993-1"><bdi>0-313-32993-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Major+League+Baseball+Clubs%3A+Volume+1&rft.pages=1067&rft.pub=Univ+of+South+Carolina+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-313-32993-1&rft.aulast=Riess&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZCcJVZyl5oYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/espn/page2/story?page=list/bestyankeetrades">"The 10-best Yankee Trades of All Time"</a>. <i>ESPN.com</i>. March 1, 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151120014949/http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/page2/story?page=list%2Fbestyankeetrades">Archived</a> from the original on November 20, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 14,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ESPN.com&rft.atitle=The+10-best+Yankee+Trades+of+All+Time&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fespn%2Fpage2%2Fstory%3Fpage%3Dlist%2Fbestyankeetrades&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChass1991" class="citation news cs1">Chass, Murray (July 2, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/02/sports/baseball-demise-and-pall-of-the-indians.html?pagewanted=all">"BASEBALL; Demise and Pall Of the Indians"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180729051658/https://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/02/sports/baseball-demise-and-pall-of-the-indians.html?pagewanted=all">Archived</a> from the original on July 29, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=BASEBALL%3B+Demise+and+Pall+Of+the+Indians&rft.date=1991-07-02&rft.aulast=Chass&rft.aufirst=Murray&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F07%2F02%2Fsports%2Fbaseball-demise-and-pall-of-the-indians.html%3Fpagewanted%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mileti-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mileti_77-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mileti_77-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFimrite1972" class="citation magazine cs1">Fimrite, Ron (May 29, 1972). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120826001322/http://vault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1086136/index.htm">"Circle The Wagons, Indian Uprising!"</a>. <i>Sports Illustrated</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1086136/index.htm">the original</a> on August 26, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=Circle+The+Wagons%2C+Indian+Uprising%21&rft.date=1972-05-29&rft.aulast=Fimrite&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com%2Fvault%2Farticle%2Fmagazine%2FMAG1086136%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchneider2001" class="citation book cs1">Schneider, Russell (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9jkqN0qu-fcC"><i>Cleveland Indians Encyclopedia</i></a>. Sports Publishing LLC. p. 352. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58261-376-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-58261-376-1"><bdi>1-58261-376-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cleveland+Indians+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=352&rft.pub=Sports+Publishing+LLC&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-58261-376-1&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9jkqN0qu-fcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldstein1998" class="citation news cs1">Goldstein, Richard (April 28, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1998/04/28/sports/gabe-paul-ex-yankee-official-dies-at-88.html?pagewanted=all">"Gabe Paul, Ex-Yankee Official, Dies at 88"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180729051747/https://www.nytimes.com/1998/04/28/sports/gabe-paul-ex-yankee-official-dies-at-88.html?pagewanted=all">Archived</a> from the original on July 29, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Gabe+Paul%2C+Ex-Yankee+Official%2C+Dies+at+88&rft.date=1998-04-28&rft.aulast=Goldstein&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1998%2F04%2F28%2Fsports%2Fgabe-paul-ex-yankee-official-dies-at-88.html%3Fpagewanted%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://clevelandmagazine.com/in-the-cle/the-30-people-who-defined-cleveland-1972-2002-richard-jacobs">"The 30 People Who Defined Cleveland 1972–2002: Richard Jacobs"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161030143146/http://clevelandmagazine.com/in-the-cle/the-30-people-who-defined-cleveland-1972-2002-richard-jacobs">Archived</a> from the original on October 30, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+30+People+Who+Defined+Cleveland+1972%E2%80%932002%3A+Richard+Jacobs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fclevelandmagazine.com%2Fin-the-cle%2Fthe-30-people-who-defined-cleveland-1972-2002-richard-jacobs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchneider2005" class="citation book cs1">Schneider, Russell (2005). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/moretalesfromtri0000schn"><i>More Tales From the Tribe Dugout</i></a></span>. Sports Publishing, LLC. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58261-680-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-58261-680-9"><bdi>1-58261-680-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=More+Tales+From+the+Tribe+Dugout&rft.pub=Sports+Publishing%2C+LLC&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-58261-680-9&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmoretalesfromtri0000schn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJackson2008" class="citation web cs1">Jackson, Paul (June 4, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/espn/page2/story?page=beernight/080604&sportCat=mlb">"The night beer and violence bubbled over in Cleveland"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081017055146/http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/page2/story?page=beernight%2F080604&sportCat=mlb">Archived</a> from the original on October 17, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+night+beer+and+violence+bubbled+over+in+Cleveland&rft.date=2008-06-04&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fespn%2Fpage2%2Fstory%3Fpage%3Dbeernight%2F080604%26sportCat%3Dmlb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barker-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Barker_83-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barker_83-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barker_83-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCastrovince2006" class="citation web cs1">Castrovince, Anthony (May 15, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20060514&content_id=1453617&vkey=news_cle&fext=.jsp&c_id=cle">"Barker's special night remains vivid"</a>. <i>MLB.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121107045658/http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20060514&content_id=1453617&vkey=news_cle&fext=.jsp&c_id=cle">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 1,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MLB.com&rft.atitle=Barker%27s+special+night+remains+vivid&rft.date=2006-05-15&rft.aulast=Castrovince&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmlb.mlb.com%2Fnews%2Farticle.jsp%3Fymd%3D20060514%26content_id%3D1453617%26vkey%3Dnews_cle%26fext%3D.jsp%26c_id%3Dcle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRipley2007" class="citation web cs1">Ripley, Stephen (July 8, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120722232755/http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Golf/News/2007/07/08/4323392-sun.html">"Missing in Action"</a>. <i>Winnipeg Sun</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 1,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Winnipeg+Sun&rft.atitle=Missing+in+Action&rft.date=2007-07-08&rft.aulast=Ripley&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fslam.canoe.ca%2FSlam%2FGolf%2FNews%2F2007%2F07%2F08%2F4323392-sun.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFimrite1987" class="citation magazine cs1">Fimrite, Ron (April 6, 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120826001347/http://vault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1065788/index.htm">"Pow! 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=Pow%21+Wow%21&rft.date=1987-04-06&rft.aulast=Fimrite&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com%2Fvault%2Farticle%2Fmagazine%2FMAG1065788%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160820050823/http://cleveland.indians.mlb.com/cle/history/cle_history_overview.jsp?story=3">"History Timeline"</a>. <i>Cleveland Indians</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Official+Site+of+The+Cleveland+Indians%3A+History%3A+Indians+History&rft.pub=Major+League+Baseball%2C+Cleveland+Indians&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcleveland.indians.mlb.com%2Fcle%2Fhistory%2Fcle_history_overview.jsp%3Fstory%3D5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStark2003" class="citation web cs1">Stark, Jayson (March 21, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/espn/print?id=1527339&type=columnist">"Ten years later, the pain is still there"</a>. <i>ESPN.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041221150453/http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/print?id=1527339&type=columnist">Archived</a> from the original on December 21, 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 19,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Indians+plan+to+sell+additional+tickets&rft.date=1996-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1996%2F03%2F07%2Fsports%2Fbaseball-indians-plan-to-sell-additional-tickets.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBloch1997" class="citation news cs1">Bloch, Mark (October 27, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.panmodern.com/cleveland_Mark_Bloch.html">"Cleveland's Legacy of Loss"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/ESPN.com" title="ESPN.com">ESPN.com</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 8,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=1999+PLAYOFFS%3A+DIVISION+SERIES%3B+Red+Sox+Find+Answers%2C+Raising+More+Questions&rft.date=1999-10-10&rft.aulast=Lapointe&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1999%2F10%2F10%2Fsports%2F1999-playoffs-division-series-red-sox-find-answers-raising-more-questions.html%3Fpagewanted%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070714034232/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/baseball/mlb/1999/postseason/division_series/al_div2/news/1999/10/11/redsox_indians_ap/">"Red Sox headed to ALCS after beating Cleveland 12–8"</a>. <i>CNNSI.com</i>. October 12, 1999. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/baseball/mlb/1999/postseason/division_series/al_div2/news/1999/10/11/redsox_indians_ap/">the original</a> on July 14, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 8,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNNSI.com&rft.atitle=Red+Sox+headed+to+ALCS+after+beating+Cleveland+12%E2%80%938&rft.date=1999-10-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsportsillustrated.cnn.com%2Fbaseball%2Fmlb%2F1999%2Fpostseason%2Fdivision_series%2Fal_div2%2Fnews%2F1999%2F10%2F11%2Fredsox_indians_ap%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSnyder2008" class="citation book cs1">Snyder, John (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9jkqN0qu-fcC&pg=PA501"><i>Indians Journal</i></a>. Menasha Ridge Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57860-308-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57860-308-4"><bdi>978-1-57860-308-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201214154318/https://books.google.com/books?id=9jkqN0qu-fcC&pg=PA501">Archived</a> from the original on December 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indians+Journal&rft.pub=Menasha+Ridge+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-57860-308-4&rft.aulast=Snyder&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9jkqN0qu-fcC%26pg%3DPA501&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/games/standings.cgi?date=2000-07-09">"Standings on Sunday, July 9, 2000 - Baseball-Reference.com"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201214154326/https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/?date=2000-07-09">Archived</a> from the original on December 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 27,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Standings+on+Sunday%2C+July+9%2C+2000+-+Baseball-Reference.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseball-reference.com%2Fgames%2Fstandings.cgi%3Fdate%3D2000-07-09&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.marketwatch.com/news/story/-cleveland-indians-sold-dolan/story.aspx?guid=%7B30D9D583-27E3-4DC4-88E4-46E59CB9252B%7D">"Cleveland Indians sold to Dolan"</a>. <i>CBS Marketwatch</i>. November 4, 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 8,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBS+Marketwatch&rft.atitle=Cleveland+Indians+sold+to+Dolan&rft.date=1999-11-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.marketwatch.com%2Fnews%2Fstory%2F-cleveland-indians-sold-dolan%2Fstory.aspx%3Fguid%3D%257B30D9D583-27E3-4DC4-88E4-46E59CB9252B%257D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080415003000/http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/recap?gameId=240831110">"Vizquel's six hits tie AL record"</a>. ESPN. August 31, 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/recap?gameId=240831110">the original</a> on April 15, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vizquel%27s+six+hits+tie+AL+record&rft.pub=ESPN&rft.date=2004-08-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsports.espn.go.com%2Fmlb%2Frecap%3FgameId%3D240831110&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cleveland.com-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cleveland.com_102-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cleveland.com_102-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071107073357/http://www.cleveland.com/tribe/plaindealer/index.ssf?%2Fbase%2Fsports%2F1194342071241541.xml&coll=2">"Northeast Ohio"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cleveland.com/tribe/plaindealer/index.ssf?/base/sports/1194342071241541.xml&coll=2">the original</a> on November 7, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 14,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Northeast+Ohio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleveland.com%2Ftribe%2Fplaindealer%2Findex.ssf%3F%2Fbase%2Fsports%2F1194342071241541.xml%26coll%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/14/sports/baseball/14haffner.html">"BASEBALL; Hafner's 6th Grand Slam Ties Mattingly"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. August 14, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171009143847/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/14/sports/baseball/14haffner.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 9, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 20,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=BASEBALL%3B+Hafner%27s+6th+Grand+Slam+Ties+Mattingly&rft.date=2006-08-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2006%2F08%2F14%2Fsports%2Fbaseball%2F14haffner.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRuddick2007" class="citation news cs1">Ruddick, Chris (March 27, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120324085206/http://www.newsnet5.com/mlb031/11405274/detail.html">"Cleveland Indians 2007 Preview"</a>. News Net 5. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsnet5.com/mlb031/11405274/detail.html">the original</a> on March 24, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 21,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Cleveland+Indians+2007+Preview&rft.date=2007-03-27&rft.aulast=Ruddick&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsnet5.com%2Fmlb031%2F11405274%2Fdetail.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MLB2007-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MLB2007_105-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCastrovince2007" class="citation news cs1">Castrovince, Anthony (March 30, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20070328&content_id=1864413&vkey=news_cle&fext=.jsp&c_id=cle">"Indians Opening Day outlook"</a>. <i>MLB.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080417161542/http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20070328&content_id=1864413&vkey=news_cle&fext=.jsp&c_id=cle">Archived</a> from the original on April 17, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 21,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MLB.com&rft.atitle=Indians+Opening+Day+outlook&rft.date=2007-03-30&rft.aulast=Castrovince&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmlb.mlb.com%2Fnews%2Farticle.jsp%3Fymd%3D20070328%26content_id%3D1864413%26vkey%3Dnews_cle%26fext%3D.jsp%26c_id%3Dcle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrasnick2007" class="citation news cs1">Crasnick, Jerry (October 4, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/mlb/playoffs2007/columns/story?columnist=crasnick_jerry&id=3049840">"Lofton keeps on ticking, delivers huge performance for Indians"</a>. ESPN. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071217123233/http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/playoffs2007/columns/story?columnist=crasnick_jerry&id=3049840">Archived</a> from the original on December 17, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 21,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Lofton+keeps+on+ticking%2C+delivers+huge+performance+for+Indians&rft.date=2007-10-04&rft.aulast=Crasnick&rft.aufirst=Jerry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fmlb%2Fplayoffs2007%2Fcolumns%2Fstory%3Fcolumnist%3Dcrasnick_jerry%26id%3D3049840&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WP2007-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WP2007_107-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WP2007_107-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/10/11/AR2007101102506_pf.html">"Boston Red Sox vs. Cleveland Indians"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. October 12, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121113041150/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/10/11/AR2007101102506_pf.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 13, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 21,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Boston+Red+Sox+vs.+Cleveland+Indians&rft.date=2007-10-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2007%2F10%2F11%2FAR2007101102506_pf.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCastrovince2007" class="citation news cs1">Castrovince, Anthony (November 6, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20071106&content_id=2293684&vkey=news_cle&fext=.jsp&c_id=cle">"Sizemore earns first Gold Glove Award"</a>. <i>MLB.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090306121453/http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20071106&content_id=2293684&vkey=news_cle&fext=.jsp&c_id=cle">Archived</a> from the original on March 6, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 20,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MLB.com&rft.atitle=Sizemore+earns+first+Gold+Glove+Award&rft.date=2007-11-06&rft.aulast=Castrovince&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmlb.mlb.com%2Fnews%2Farticle.jsp%3Fymd%3D20071106%26content_id%3D2293684%26vkey%3Dnews_cle%26fext%3D.jsp%26c_id%3Dcle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/mlb/news/story?id=3108321">"Sabathia only second Indians pitcher to win Cy Young"</a>. ESPN. November 14, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071115160331/http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=3108321">Archived</a> from the original on November 15, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 21,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sabathia+only+second+Indians+pitcher+to+win+Cy+Young&rft.date=2007-11-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fmlb%2Fnews%2Fstory%3Fid%3D3108321&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/sports/baseball/wedge-melvin-voted-baseball-s-top-managers-1.655284?ref=rss">"Wedge, Melvin voted baseball's top managers"</a>. CBC Sports. November 14, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121110054648/http://www.cbc.ca/sports/baseball/story/2007/11/14/baseball-managers.html?ref=rss">Archived</a> from the original on November 10, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 20,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Wedge%2C+Melvin+voted+baseball%27s+top+managers&rft.date=2007-11-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fsports%2Fbaseball%2Fwedge-melvin-voted-baseball-s-top-managers-1.655284%3Fref%3Drss&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAntonen2008" class="citation news cs1">Antonen, Mel (December 25, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/sports/baseball/al/indians/2008-12-23-indiansreport_N.htm">"Indians have closer in fold, but infield in flux"</a>. <i>USA Today</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210725123834/https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/sports/baseball/al/indians/2008-12-23-indiansreport_N.htm">Archived</a> from the original on July 25, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 21,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Indians+have+closer+in+fold%2C+but+infield+in+flux&rft.date=2008-12-25&rft.aulast=Antonen&rft.aufirst=Mel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fsports%2Fbaseball%2Fal%2Findians%2F2008-12-23-indiansreport_N.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCurry2008" class="citation news cs1">Curry, Jack (July 8, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/08/sports/baseball/08brewers.html?n=Top/Reference/Times%20Topics/Subjects/B/Baseball">"Looking to Postseason, Brewers Trade for Sabathia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090416011936/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/08/sports/baseball/08brewers.html?n=Top%2FReference%2FTimes%20Topics%2FSubjects%2FB%2FBaseball">Archived</a> from the original on April 16, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 21,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Looking+to+Postseason%2C+Brewers+Trade+for+Sabathia&rft.date=2008-07-08&rft.aulast=Curry&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F07%2F08%2Fsports%2Fbaseball%2F08brewers.html%3Fn%3DTop%2FReference%2FTimes%2520Topics%2FSubjects%2FB%2FBaseball&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100901005459/http://web.minorleaguebaseball.com/milb/stats/stats.jsp?pos=C&sid=milb&t=p_pbp&pid=467793">"Carlos Santana Stats, Highlights, Bio – MiLB.com Stats – The Official Site of Minor League Baseball"</a>. <i>MiLB.com</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baseball-Reference.com&rft.atitle=Cliff+Lee+Stats&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseball-reference.com%2Fplayers%2Fl%2Fleecl02.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeck2008" class="citation news cs1">Beck, Jason (November 13, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20081113&content_id=3678011&vkey=news_cle&fext=.jsp&c_id=cle">"Sizemore adds Silver Slugger to list"</a>. <i>MLB.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090306060314/http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20081113&content_id=3678011&vkey=news_cle&fext=.jsp&c_id=cle">Archived</a> from the original on March 6, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 14,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Ubaldo+Jimenez+traded+to+Indians+for+four+players&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.usatoday.com%2Fcommunities%2Fdailypitch%2Fpost%2F2011%2F07%2Fubaldo-jimenez-trades-to-cleveland-indians%2F1%23.T39J-BB5mK0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAP_File2011" class="citation web cs1">AP File (August 26, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cleveland.com/tribe/index.ssf/2011/08/cleveland_indians_working_on_d.html">"Back where he began: Cleveland Indians obtain Jim Thome from Twins for player to be named"</a>. cleveland.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121107132623/http://www.cleveland.com/tribe/index.ssf/2011/08/cleveland_indians_working_on_d.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Back+where+he+began%3A+Cleveland+Indians+obtain+Jim+Thome+from+Twins+for+player+to+be+named&rft.pub=cleveland.com&rft.date=2011-08-26&rft.au=AP+File&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleveland.com%2Ftribe%2Findex.ssf%2F2011%2F08%2Fcleveland_indians_working_on_d.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNortheast_Ohio2011" class="citation web cs1">Northeast Ohio (September 25, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cleveland.com/tribe/index.ssf/2011/09/shelley_duncans_2-run_hr_gives.html">"Minnesota Twins beat Cleveland Indians, 6–4, in 10 innings; Jim Thome makes appearance at 3B"</a>. cleveland.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130729103939/http://www.cleveland.com/tribe/index.ssf/2011/09/shelley_duncans_2-run_hr_gives.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 29, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Minnesota+Twins+beat+Cleveland+Indians%2C+6%E2%80%934%2C+in+10+innings%3B+Jim+Thome+makes+appearance+at+3B&rft.pub=cleveland.com&rft.date=2011-09-25&rft.au=Northeast+Ohio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleveland.com%2Ftribe%2Findex.ssf%2F2011%2F09%2Fshelley_duncans_2-run_hr_gives.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/sports/baseball/story/2012-04-03/AL-Central-preview/53985226/1">"Most Popular E-mail Newsletter"</a>. <i>USA Today</i>. April 3, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Most+Popular+E-mail+Newsletter&rft.date=2012-04-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fsports%2Fbaseball%2Fstory%2F2012-04-03%2FAL-Central-preview%2F53985226%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130209022636/http://www.wbaltv.com/r/30847185/detail.html">"Blue Jays Win Longest Opening Day Game In History | WBAL Home – WBAL Home"</a>. Wbaltv.com. April 6, 2012. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Blue+Jays+Win+Longest+Opening+Day+Game+In+History+%26%23124%3B+WBAL+Home+%E2%80%93+WBAL+Home&rft.pub=Wbaltv.com&rft.date=2012-04-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wbaltv.com%2Fr%2F30847185%2Fdetail.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/8432168/cleveland-indians-fire-manager-manny-acta-6-games-remaining-season">"Cleveland Indians fire manager Manny Acta"</a>. ESPN. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 31,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cleveland+Indians+fire+manager+Manny+Acta&rft.pub=ESPN&rft.date=2012-09-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fmlb%2Fstory%2F_%2Fid%2F8432168%2Fcleveland-indians-fire-manager-manny-acta-6-games-remaining-season&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-foxsports-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-foxsports_126-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130305084343/http://msn.foxsports.com/mlb/story/terry-francona-cleveland-indians-manager-opening-100612">"Francona Hired as Indians manager"</a>. <i>Fox Sports</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://msn.foxsports.com/mlb/story/terry-francona-cleveland-indians-manager-opening-100612">the original</a> on March 5, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 31,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fox+Sports&rft.atitle=Francona+Hired+as+Indians+manager&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmsn.foxsports.com%2Fmlb%2Fstory%2Fterry-francona-cleveland-indians-manager-opening-100612&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rosenthal-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rosenthal_127-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rosenthal_127-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenthal" class="citation web cs1">Rosenthal, Ken. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130329103626/http://msn.foxsports.com/mlb/story/michael-bourn-deal-makes-cleveland-indians-relevant-again-terry-francona-nick-swisher-drew-stubbs-michael-brantley-021113">"Bourn makes Tribe relevant again"</a>. <i>Fox Sports</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://msn.foxsports.com/mlb/story/michael-bourn-deal-makes-cleveland-indians-relevant-again-terry-francona-nick-swisher-drew-stubbs-michael-brantley-021113">the original</a> on March 29, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 31,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fox+Sports&rft.atitle=Bourn+makes+Tribe+relevant+again&rft.aulast=Rosenthal&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmsn.foxsports.com%2Fmlb%2Fstory%2Fmichael-bourn-deal-makes-cleveland-indians-relevant-again-terry-francona-nick-swisher-drew-stubbs-michael-brantley-021113&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaskin2013" class="citation news cs1">Baskin, Andy (March 5, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130508202938/http://www.newsnet5.com/dpp/sports/baseball/indians/getting-to-know-your-2013-indians-trevor-bauer">"Getting to know your 2013 Indians: Trevor Bauer"</a>. <i>News Net 5</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsnet5.com/dpp/sports/baseball/indians/getting-to-know-your-2013-indians-trevor-bauer">the original</a> on May 8, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 31,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=News+Net+5&rft.atitle=Getting+to+know+your+2013+Indians%3A+Trevor+Bauer&rft.date=2013-03-05&rft.aulast=Baskin&rft.aufirst=Andy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsnet5.com%2Fdpp%2Fsports%2Fbaseball%2Findians%2Fgetting-to-know-your-2013-indians-trevor-bauer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hoynes-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hoynes_129-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoynes2013" class="citation web cs1">Hoynes, Paul (March 31, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cleveland.com/tribe/index.ssf/2013/03/cleveland_indians_2013_a_look.html">"Cleveland Indians 2013: A look back at their significant offseason moves"</a>. <i>Cleveland.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130403093120/http://www.cleveland.com/tribe/index.ssf/2013/03/cleveland_indians_2013_a_look.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 3, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 31,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cleveland.com&rft.atitle=Cleveland+Indians+2013%3A+A+look+back+at+their+significant+offseason+moves&rft.date=2013-03-31&rft.aulast=Hoynes&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleveland.com%2Ftribe%2Findex.ssf%2F2013%2F03%2Fcleveland_indians_2013_a_look.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTEGNA" class="citation web cs1">TEGNA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wkyc.com/story/sports/mlb/indians/2015/10/06/indians-promote-chris-antonetti-to-president/73451268/">"Cleveland Indians promote Chris Antonetti to President"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cleveland+Indians+promote+Chris+Antonetti+to+President&rft.au=TEGNA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wkyc.com%2Fstory%2Fsports%2Fmlb%2Findians%2F2015%2F10%2F06%2Findians-promote-chris-antonetti-to-president%2F73451268%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/mlb/recap?gameId=360701114">"Indians' streak hits 14 after 19-inning win vs. Jays"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160705162950/http://espn.go.com/mlb/recap?gameId=360701114">Archived</a> from the original on July 5, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 2,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Indians%27+streak+hits+14+after+19-inning+win+vs.+Jays&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fmlb%2Frecap%3FgameId%3D360701114&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2017/sep/15/cleveland-indians-win-streak-ends-royals">"Cleveland Indians' record win streak ended at 22 by Kansas City Royals"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. Associated Press. September 16, 2017. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170919005608/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2017/sep/15/cleveland-indians-win-streak-ends-royals">Archived</a> from the original on September 19, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 19,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Cleveland+Indians%27+record+win+streak+ended+at+22+by+Kansas+City+Royals&rft.date=2017-09-16&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fsport%2F2017%2Fsep%2F15%2Fcleveland-indians-win-streak-ends-royals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbssports.com/mlb/news/here-are-22-stats-and-facts-about-the-indians-record-22-game-winning-streak">"22 stats & facts about the Indians' 22 game winning streak – CBS Sports.com"</a>. September 16, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170928145924/https://www.cbssports.com/mlb/news/here-are-22-stats-and-facts-about-the-indians-record-22-game-winning-streak/">Archived</a> from the original on September 28, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=22+stats+%26+facts+about+the+Indians%27+22+game+winning+streak+%E2%80%93+CBS+Sports.com&rft.date=2017-09-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbssports.com%2Fmlb%2Fnews%2Fhere-are-22-stats-and-facts-about-the-indians-record-22-game-winning-streak&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cleveland.com/tribe/index.ssf/2017/10/cleveland_indians_2017_a_great.html">"Cleveland Indians 2017: A great regular season that turned oh so bad in the postseason"</a>. <i>cleveland.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180122072124/http://www.cleveland.com/tribe/index.ssf/2017/10/cleveland_indians_2017_a_great.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 22, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 21,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=cleveland.com&rft.atitle=Cleveland+Indians+2017%3A+A+great+regular+season+that+turned+oh+so+bad+in+the+postseason&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleveland.com%2Ftribe%2Findex.ssf%2F2017%2F10%2Fcleveland_indians_2017_a_great.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/07/23/us/cleveland-major-league-baseball-name/index.html">"Cleveland Indians changing name to Cleveland Guardians"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i>. July 23, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210723174915/https://www.cnn.com/2021/07/23/us/cleveland-major-league-baseball-name/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 23, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Cleveland+Indians+changing+name+to+Cleveland+Guardians&rft.date=2021-07-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2021%2F07%2F23%2Fus%2Fcleveland-major-league-baseball-name%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/news/david-blitzer-guardians-minority-owner">"Blitzer purchases 25% stake in Guardians"</a>. <i>MLB.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220627161908/https://www.mlb.com/news/david-blitzer-guardians-minority-owner">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MLB.com&rft.atitle=Blitzer+purchases+25%25+stake+in+Guardians&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlb.com%2Fnews%2Fdavid-blitzer-guardians-minority-owner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNoga2022" class="citation web cs1">Noga, Joe (June 27, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cleveland.com/guardians/2022/06/cleveland-guardians-reach-agreement-with-david-blitzer-led-investment-group-for-minority-stake-in-club.html">"Cleveland Guardians reach agreement with David Blitzer-led investment group for minority stake in club"</a>. <i>Cleveland.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220627162250/https://www.cleveland.com/guardians/2022/06/cleveland-guardians-reach-agreement-with-david-blitzer-led-investment-group-for-minority-stake-in-club.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cleveland.com&rft.atitle=Cleveland+Guardians+reach+agreement+with+David+Blitzer-led+investment+group+for+minority+stake+in+club&rft.date=2022-06-27&rft.aulast=Noga&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleveland.com%2Fguardians%2F2022%2F06%2Fcleveland-guardians-reach-agreement-with-david-blitzer-led-investment-group-for-minority-stake-in-club.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchlegel,_John2013" class="citation news cs1">Schlegel, John (May 23, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://m.mlb.com/news/article/48380512/on-schedule-new-interleague-format-brings-twists">"On schedule: New Interleague format brings twists"</a>. <i>MLB.com</i>. <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160611144513/http://m.mlb.com/news/article/48380512/on-schedule-new-interleague-format-brings-twists">Archived</a> from the original on June 11, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 20,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MLB.com&rft.atitle=On+schedule%3A+New+Interleague+format+brings+twists&rft.date=2013-05-23&rft.au=Schlegel%2C+John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fm.mlb.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2F48380512%2Fon-schedule-new-interleague-format-brings-twists&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/games/head2head-games.cgi?team1=CLE&team2=CIN&from=1901&to=2019">"Head-to-head results for Cleveland Indians vs. Cincinnati Reds from 1901 to 2018"</a>. <i>Baseball-Reference.com</i>. Sports Reference LLC. 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201214154350/https://stathead.com/baseball/head2head-games.cgi?team1=CLE&team2=CIN&from=1901&to=2019">Archived</a> from the original on December 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 18,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baseball-Reference.com&rft.atitle=Head-to-head+results+for+Cleveland+Indians+vs.+Cincinnati+Reds+from+1901+to+2018&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseball-reference.com%2Fgames%2Fhead2head-games.cgi%3Fteam1%3DCLE%26team2%3DCIN%26from%3D1901%26to%3D2019&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.baseball-reference.com/games/head2head-games.cgi?team1=CLE&team2=PIT&from=1901&to=2016">"Head-to-head results for Cleveland Indians vs. Pittsburgh Pirates from 1901 to 2016"</a>. <i>Baseball-Reference.com</i>. Sports Reference. 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201214154429/https://stathead.com/baseball/head2head-games.cgi?team1=CLE&team2=PIT&from=1901&to=2016">Archived</a> from the original on December 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 20,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baseball-Reference.com&rft.atitle=Head-to-head+results+for+Cleveland+Indians+vs.+Pittsburgh+Pirates+from+1901+to+2016&rft.date=2016&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseball-reference.com%2Fgames%2Fhead2head-games.cgi%3Fteam1%3DCLE%26team2%3DPIT%26from%3D1901%26to%3D2016&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/indians/press-release/major-league-baseball-and-the-cleveland-indians-unveil-the-official-lo-289267376">"Major League Baseball and the Cleveland Indians unveil the official logo of the 2019 All-Star Game presented by Mastercard"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/MLB.com" title="MLB.com">MLB.com</a></i> (Press release). <a href="/wiki/MLB_Advanced_Media" title="MLB Advanced Media">MLB Advanced Media</a>. August 7, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200627014153/https://www.mlb.com/indians/press-release/major-league-baseball-and-the-cleveland-indians-unveil-the-official-lo-289267376">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 20,</span> 2018</span>. <q>The official logo of the 2019 All-Star Game celebrates the rich culture of Cleveland. Here in the spiritual birthplace of Rock and Roll, baseball and music are brought together through the icon of a guitar. Baseball stitching creates the shape that hold the "Rock and Roll" stylized letters of the All-Star Game and its host. The MLB logo punctuates this stylized representation as the head of the guitar. The Club's colors of red and blue are joined with tones of gray used for depth and dimension, while the six strings of the guitar are cleverly used in theme art to recognize Cleveland's sixth time hosting the Midsummer Classic.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Major+League+Baseball+and+the+Cleveland+Indians+unveil+the+official+logo+of+the+2019+All-Star+Game+presented+by+Mastercard&rft.pub=MLB+Advanced+Media&rft.date=2018-08-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlb.com%2Findians%2Fpress-release%2Fmajor-league-baseball-and-the-cleveland-indians-unveil-the-official-lo-289267376&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IndiansRockTheRed-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IndiansRockTheRed_142-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCastrovince2018" class="citation news cs1">Castrovince, Anthony (November 19, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/indians/news/indians-unveil-2019-uniforms-with-red-jerseys/c-300898744">"Tribe will rock the red after new uniform unveil"</a>. <i>Cleveland Guardians</i>. <a href="/wiki/MLB_Advanced_Media" title="MLB Advanced Media">MLB Advanced Media</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181119195654/https://www.mlb.com/indians/news/indians-unveil-2019-uniforms-with-red-jerseys/c-300898744">Archived</a> from the original on November 19, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cleveland+Guardians&rft.atitle=Tribe+will+rock+the+red+after+new+uniform+unveil&rft.date=2018-11-19&rft.aulast=Castrovince&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlb.com%2Findians%2Fnews%2Findians-unveil-2019-uniforms-with-red-jerseys%2Fc-300898744&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/indians/fans/cleteamname">"Cleveland Guardians"</a>. <a href="/wiki/MLB_Advanced_Media" title="MLB Advanced Media">MLB Advanced Media</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201214190100/https://www.mlb.com/indians/fans/cleteamname">Archived</a> from the original on December 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 22,</span> 2021</span>. <q>We will maintain the red, white and navy color scheme that has been part of our organization for more than 80 years to honor our rich baseball heritage.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cleveland+Guardians&rft.pub=MLB+Advanced+Media&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlb.com%2Findians%2Ffans%2Fcleteamname&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBell" class="citation web cs1">Bell, Mandy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/news/cleveland-guardians-unveil-city-connect-uniforms">"Guardians dig into The Land's history for City Connect uniforms"</a>. <i>CLE Guardians.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 11,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CLE+Guardians.com&rft.atitle=Guardians+dig+into+The+Land%27s+history+for+City+Connect+uniforms&rft.aulast=Bell&rft.aufirst=Mandy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlb.com%2Fnews%2Fcleveland-guardians-unveil-city-connect-uniforms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mlb.com/guardians/news/guardians-announce-2025-uniform-changes">"Guardians announce 2025 uniform changes"</a>. <i>CLE Guardians.com</i>. Cleveland Guardians<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 15,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CLE+Guardians.com&rft.atitle=Guardians+announce+2025+uniform+changes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmlb.com%2Fguardians%2Fnews%2Fguardians-announce-2025-uniform-changes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/guardians/news/guardians-add-marathon-as-jersey-patch-sponsor">"Guardians become 12th MLB team with jersey patch, partnering with Marathon"</a>. <i>MLB</i>. June 30, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231203005228/https://www.mlb.com/guardians/news/guardians-add-marathon-as-jersey-patch-sponsor">Archived</a> from the original on December 3, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MLB&rft.atitle=Guardians+become+12th+MLB+team+with+jersey+patch%2C+partnering+with+Marathon&rft.date=2023-06-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlb.com%2Fguardians%2Fnews%2Fguardians-add-marathon-as-jersey-patch-sponsor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071012183735/http://courttv.com/archive/verdicts/bellecourt.html">"Ohio v. Vernon Bellecourt, et al"</a>. <i>Court TV Verdicts</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://courttv.com/archive/verdicts/bellecourt.html">the original</a> on October 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Court+TV+Verdicts&rft.atitle=Ohio+v.+Vernon+Bellecourt%2C+et+al.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcourttv.com%2Farchive%2Fverdicts%2Fbellecourt.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121105002825/http://www.workers.org/ww/1997/cleveland1106.html">"Workers World Nov. 6, 1997: Native leaders arrested during World Series"</a>. Workers.org. November 6, 1997. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.workers.org/ww/1997/cleveland1106.html">the original</a> on November 5, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Workers+World+Nov.+6%2C+1997%3A+Native+leaders+arrested+during+World+Series&rft.pub=Workers.org&rft.date=1997-11-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.workers.org%2Fww%2F1997%2Fcleveland1106.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OSSC-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OSSC_149-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite><i>Bellecourt v. 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Supremecourt.ohio.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140407083838/http://www.supremecourt.ohio.gov/PIO/summaries/2004/1215/031202.asp">Archived</a> from the original on April 7, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Supreme+Court+of+Ohio+Case+Summaries&rft.pub=Supremecourt.ohio.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.supremecourt.ohio.gov%2FPIO%2Fsummaries%2F2004%2F1215%2F031202.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrady2014" class="citation news cs1">Brady, Erik (July 15, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ftw.usatoday.com/2014/07/bud-selig-chief-wahoo">"Selig claims he's received no complaints over Cleveland Indians' logo"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180130091701/http://ftw.usatoday.com/2014/07/bud-selig-chief-wahoo">Archived</a> from the original on January 30, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 29,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Selig+claims+he%27s+received+no+complaints+over+Cleveland+Indians%27+logo&rft.date=2014-07-15&rft.aulast=Brady&rft.aufirst=Erik&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fftw.usatoday.com%2F2014%2F07%2Fbud-selig-chief-wahoo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeres2015" class="citation news cs1">Beres, Tom (April 9, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20150411031430/http://www.wkyc.com/story/news/local/cleveland/2015/04/09/cleveland--protesters-a-century-of-indians-is-enough/25538785/">"Wahoo Protesters: A century of 'Indians' is enough"</a>. <a href="/wiki/WKYC" title="WKYC">WKYC</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wkyc.com/story/news/local/cleveland/2015/04/09/cleveland--protesters-a-century-of-indians-is-enough/25538785/">the original</a> on April 11, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 29,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Wahoo+Protesters%3A+A+century+of+%27Indians%27+is+enough&rft.date=2015-04-09&rft.aulast=Beres&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wkyc.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fcleveland%2F2015%2F04%2F09%2Fcleveland--protesters-a-century-of-indians-is-enough%2F25538785%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBastian2018" class="citation news cs1">Bastian, Jordan (January 29, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/indians/news/indians-to-stop-using-chief-wahoo-logo/c-265489544">"Indians to stop using Wahoo logo starting in '19"</a>. <i>CLEGuardians.com</i>. <a href="/wiki/MLB_Advanced_Media" title="MLB Advanced Media">MLB Advanced Media</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180130013745/https://www.mlb.com/indians/news/indians-to-stop-using-chief-wahoo-logo/c-265489544">Archived</a> from the original on January 30, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 29,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CLEGuardians.com&rft.atitle=Indians+to+stop+using+Wahoo+logo+starting+in+%2719&rft.date=2018-01-29&rft.aulast=Bastian&rft.aufirst=Jordan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlb.com%2Findians%2Fnews%2Findians-to-stop-using-chief-wahoo-logo%2Fc-265489544&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaldstein2018" class="citation news cs1">Waldstein, David (January 29, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/29/sports/baseball/cleveland-indians-chief-wahoo-logo.html">"Cleveland Indians Will Abandon Chief Wahoo Logo Next Year"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201214154425/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/29/sports/baseball/cleveland-indians-chief-wahoo-logo.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 29,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Cleveland+Indians+Will+Abandon+Chief+Wahoo+Logo+Next+Year&rft.date=2018-01-29&rft.aulast=Waldstein&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F01%2F29%2Fsports%2Fbaseball%2Fcleveland-indians-chief-wahoo-logo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchilling2018" class="citation web cs1">Schilling, Vincent (January 29, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180211072919/https://indiancountrymedianetwork.com/culture/sports/no-wahoo-cleveland-indians-discontinue-chief-wahoo-logo-2019/">"NO MORE WAHOO: Cleveland Indians To Discontinue Chief Wahoo Logo in 2019"</a>. <i>indiancountrymedianetwork.com</i>. Indian Country Media Network. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indiancountrymedianetwork.com/culture/sports/no-wahoo-cleveland-indians-discontinue-chief-wahoo-logo-2019/">the original</a> on February 11, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 11,</span> 2018</span>. <q>According to the MLB site, the Cleveland Indians may consider a new logo in the future, but will promote the capital letter C for now. There are no current plans to change the Indians' team name.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=indiancountrymedianetwork.com&rft.atitle=NO+MORE+WAHOO%3A+Cleveland+Indians+To+Discontinue+Chief+Wahoo+Logo+in+2019&rft.date=2018-01-29&rft.aulast=Schilling&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findiancountrymedianetwork.com%2Fculture%2Fsports%2Fno-wahoo-cleveland-indians-discontinue-chief-wahoo-logo-2019%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShiffer2021" class="citation news cs1">Shiffer, James Eli (May 25, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.startribune.com/ways-that-george-floyd-murder-changed-the-world/600056733/">"The ways that George Floyd changed the world"</a>. <i>Star Tribune</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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This roller derby team could cash in on Indians' name change"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Yahoo_Sports" title="Yahoo Sports">Yahoo Sports</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=Cleveland+Switching+from+Indians+to+Guardians+on+Friday&rft.date=2021-11-17&rft.aulast=Gulick&rft.aufirst=Brendan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.si.com%2Fmlb%2Findians%2Fnews%2Fcleveland-guardians-name-change-to-take-place-this-week&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-radio-172"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-radio_172-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110906121532/http://cleveland.indians.mlb.com/cle/schedule/radio_affiliates.jsp">"Radio Affiliates"</a>. <i>CLEGuardians.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cleveland.indians.mlb.com/cle/schedule/radio_affiliates.jsp">the original</a> on September 6, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CLEGuardians.com&rft.atitle=Radio+Affiliates&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcleveland.indians.mlb.com%2Fcle%2Fschedule%2Fradio_affiliates.jsp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-broadcasters-173"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-broadcasters_173-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-broadcasters_173-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mlb.mlb.com/team/broadcasters.jsp?c_id=cle">"Broadcaster"</a>. <i>CLEGuardians.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080212040347/http://mlb.mlb.com/team/broadcasters.jsp?c_id=cle">Archived</a> from the original on February 12, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CLEGuardians.com&rft.atitle=Broadcaster&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmlb.mlb.com%2Fteam%2Fbroadcasters.jsp%3Fc_id%3Dcle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNoga2024" class="citation web cs1">Noga, Joe (April 5, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cleveland.com/guardians/2024/04/los-guardians-radio-broadcasts-expand-to-all-81-home-games-this-season.html#:~:text=Cleveland's%20Rafa%20Hernández-Brito%2C%20the,provide%20analysis%20for%20select%20games.">"Los Guardians radio broadcasts in Spanish expand to all 81 home games this season"</a>. <i>Cleveland.com (<a href="/wiki/The_Plain_Dealer" title="The Plain Dealer">The Plain Dealer</a>)</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cleveland.com+%28The+Plain+Dealer%29&rft.atitle=Los+Guardians+radio+broadcasts+in+Spanish+expand+to+all+81+home+games+this+season&rft.date=2024-04-05&rft.aulast=Noga&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleveland.com%2Fguardians%2F2024%2F04%2Flos-guardians-radio-broadcasts-expand-to-all-81-home-games-this-season.html%23%3A~%3Atext%3DCleveland%27s%2520Rafa%2520Hern%C3%A1ndez-Brito%252C%2520the%2Cprovide%2520analysis%2520for%2520select%2520games.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/press-release/press-release-mlb-to-produce-and-distribute-local-games-for-guardians-brewers-and-twins-in-2025">"MLB to produce and distribute local games for Guardians, Brewers, and Twins in 2025"</a>. <i>MLB.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 9,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MLB.com&rft.atitle=MLB+to+produce+and+distribute+local+games+for+Guardians%2C+Brewers%2C+and+Twins+in+2025&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlb.com%2Fpress-release%2Fpress-release-mlb-to-produce-and-distribute-local-games-for-guardians-brewers-and-twins-in-2025&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.news-herald.com/sports/20150305/sports-media-notes-andre-knott-will-be-cleveland-indians-sideline-reporter-source-says">Sports Media notes</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150308174356/http://www.news-herald.com/sports/20150305/sports-media-notes-andre-knott-will-be-cleveland-indians-sideline-reporter-source-says">Archived</a> March 8, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Lake County News Herald</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStorm" class="citation web cs1">Storm, Stephanie. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ohio.com/sports/indians/former-pitcher-jensen-lewis-finds-second-dream-job-as-part-of-indians-television-team-1.498505">"Former pitcher Jensen Lewis finds second dream job as part of Indians' television team"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402095140/http://www.ohio.com/sports/indians/former-pitcher-jensen-lewis-finds-second-dream-job-as-part-of-indians-television-team-1.498505">Archived</a> from the original on April 2, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 7,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Former+pitcher+Jensen+Lewis+finds+second+dream+job+as+part+of+Indians%27+television+team&rft.aulast=Storm&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ohio.com%2Fsports%2Findians%2Fformer-pitcher-jensen-lewis-finds-second-dream-job-as-part-of-indians-television-team-1.498505&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDolgan2008" class="citation web cs1">Dolgan, Bob (November 11, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cleveland.com/tribe/index.ssf/2008/11/former_indians_broadcaster_her.html">"Former Indians broadcaster Herb Score dies at age 75"</a>. <i>Cleveland Plain Dealer</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081112121409/http://www.cleveland.com/tribe/index.ssf/2008/11/former_indians_broadcaster_her.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 12, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cleveland+Plain+Dealer&rft.atitle=Former+Indians+broadcaster+Herb+Score+dies+at+age+75&rft.date=2008-11-11&rft.aulast=Dolgan&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleveland.com%2Ftribe%2Findex.ssf%2F2008%2F11%2Fformer_indians_broadcaster_her.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cleveland.com/tribe/index.ssf/2017/01/cleveland_indians_to_unveil_st_1.html">"Cleveland Indians to unveil statues of Frank Robinson, Lou Boudreau – Who should be next?"</a>. January 24, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170806064549/http://www.cleveland.com/tribe/index.ssf/2017/01/cleveland_indians_to_unveil_st_1.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 6, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 24,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cleveland+Indians+to+unveil+statues+of+Frank+Robinson%2C+Lou+Boudreau+%E2%80%93+Who+should+be+next%3F&rft.date=2017-01-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleveland.com%2Ftribe%2Findex.ssf%2F2017%2F01%2Fcleveland_indians_to_unveil_st_1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sculpturecenter.org/oosi/items/show/369">"Luke Easter statue - Sculpture Center.org"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210723142651/https://sculpturecenter.org/oosi/items/show/369">Archived</a> from the original on July 23, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 13,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Luke+Easter+statue+-+Sculpture+Center.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsculpturecenter.org%2Foosi%2Fitems%2Fshow%2F369&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.news5cleveland.com/sports/baseball/indians/tribe-to-unveil-rocky-colavito-statue-on-his-88th-birthday-in-little-italy">Tribe to unveil Rocky Colavito statue on his 88th birthday in Little Italy - News 5 Cleveland.com</a> (<a href="/wiki/WEWS-TV" title="WEWS-TV">WEWS-TV</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210121200341/https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2020/12/rocky-colavito-statue-plans-moving-along-despite-covid-delays.html">"Rocky Colavito statue plans moving along despite Covid delays - cleveland.com"</a>. December 24, 2020. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 25,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rocky+Colavito+statue+plans+moving+along+despite+Covid+delays+-+cleveland.com&rft.date=2020-12-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleveland.com%2Fentertainment%2F2020%2F12%2Frocky-colavito-statue-plans-moving-along-despite-covid-delays.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span> (<a href="/wiki/Plain_Dealer" class="mw-redirect" title="Plain Dealer">Plain Dealer</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.beaconjournal.com/story/sports/mlb/cleveland-guardians/2022/07/03/cleveland-guardians-news-larry-doby-75th-anniversary-mural-unveiled-barrier-breakers/7763283001/">Guardians unveil 'barrier breakers' mural to celebrate Larry Doby 75th anniversary - Akron Beacon Journal</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cleveland.sbnation.com/2012/7/3/3134635/larry-doby-street-sign-indians-cleveland">City Of Cleveland, Indians Naming 'Larry Doby Way' - SB Nation.com</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://case.edu/ech/articles/l/luke-easter-park">LUKE EASTER PARK - Case Western Reserve University</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/news/indians-unveil-jim-thome-all-star-complex">MLB, Tribe honor Thome with All-Star Complex - MLB.com</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wkyc.com/article/sports/mlb/indians/cleveland-indians-dedicate-luke-easter-park-cc-sabathia/95-439b213c-8b54-4e63-8e3b-6e7952ec413b">Cleveland Indians dedicate Luke Easter Park Field to CC Sabathia - WKYC.com</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/CLEInspires/status/1559986373209141248">Cleveland Guardians Charities on Twitter</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/affiliate.cgi?id=CLE">"Cleveland Guardians Minor League Affiliates"</a>. <i>Baseball-Reference</i>. Sports Reference<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 14,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baseball-Reference&rft.atitle=Cleveland+Guardians+Minor+League+Affiliates&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseball-reference.com%2Fregister%2Faffiliate.cgi%3Fid%3DCLE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Baseball-Reference.com-190"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Baseball-Reference.com_190-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/CLE/attend.shtml">"Cleveland Indians Attendance, Stadiums, and Park Factors"</a>. Baseball-Reference.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180613234804/https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/CLE/attend.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on June 13, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 5,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cleveland+Indians+Attendance%2C+Stadiums%2C+and+Park+Factors&rft.pub=Baseball-Reference.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseball-reference.com%2Fteams%2FCLE%2Fattend.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACleveland+Guardians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Guardians&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cleveland_Guardians" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Cleveland Guardians">Cleveland Guardians</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/guardians/">Cleveland Guardians official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1059019/0000950152-99-002807.txt">Cleveland Indians 1998 Annual Report</a>, the last filed with the SEC</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sportsecyclopedia.com/al/clevind/indians.html">Sports E-Cyclopedia</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="margin: 0 auto 0 auto; font-size:95%;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFF179;">Awards and achievements </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds" title="Cincinnati Reds">Cincinnati Reds</a><br /><a href="/wiki/1919_World_Series" title="1919 World Series">1919</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> World Series champions<br />Cleveland Indians </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1920_World_Series" title="1920 World Series">1920</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Giants_(baseball)" title="New York Giants (baseball)">New York Giants</a><br /><a href="/wiki/1921_World_Series" title="1921 World Series">1921</a>–<a href="/wiki/1922_World_Series" title="1922 World Series">1922</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a><br /><a href="/wiki/1947_World_Series" title="1947 World Series">1947</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> World Series champions<br />Cleveland Indians </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1948_World_Series" title="1948 World Series">1948</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a><br /><a href="/wiki/1949_World_Series" title="1949 World Series">1949</a>–<a href="/wiki/1953_World_Series" title="1953 World Series">1953</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_White_Sox" title="Chicago White Sox">Chicago White Sox</a><br /><a href="/wiki/1919_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1919 Major League Baseball season">1919</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> American League champions<br />Cleveland Indians </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1920_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1920 Major League Baseball season">1920</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a><br /><a href="/wiki/1921_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1921 Major League Baseball season">1921</a>–<a href="/wiki/1923_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1923 Major League Baseball season">1923</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a><br /><a href="/wiki/1947_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1947 Major League Baseball season">1947</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> American League champions<br />Cleveland Indians </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1948_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1948 Major League Baseball season">1948</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a><br /><a href="/wiki/1949_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1949 Major League Baseball season">1949</a>–<a href="/wiki/1953_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1953 Major League Baseball season">1953</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a><br /><a href="/wiki/1949_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1949 Major League Baseball season">1949</a>–<a href="/wiki/1953_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1953 Major League Baseball season">1953</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> American League champions<br />Cleveland Indians </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1954_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1954 Major League Baseball season">1954</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a><br /><a href="/wiki/1955_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1955 Major League Baseball season">1955</a>–<a href="/wiki/1958_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1958 Major League Baseball season">1958</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Blue_Jays" title="Toronto Blue Jays">Toronto Blue Jays</a><br /><a href="/wiki/1992_American_League_Championship_Series" title="1992 American League Championship Series">1992</a>–<a href="/wiki/1993_American_League_Championship_Series" title="1993 American League Championship Series">1993</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> American League champions<br />Cleveland Indians </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1995_American_League_Championship_Series" title="1995 American League Championship Series">1995</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a><br /><a href="/wiki/1996_American_League_Championship_Series" title="1996 American League Championship Series">1996</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a><br /><a href="/wiki/1996_American_League_Championship_Series" title="1996 American League Championship Series">1996</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> American League champions<br />Cleveland Indians </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1997_American_League_Championship_Series" title="1997 American League Championship Series">1997</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a><br /><a href="/wiki/1998_American_League_Championship_Series" title="1998 American League Championship Series">1998</a>–<a href="/wiki/2001_American_League_Championship_Series" title="2001 American League Championship Series">2001</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_Royals" title="Kansas City Royals">Kansas City Royals</a><br /><a href="/wiki/2014_American_League_Championship_Series" title="2014 American League Championship Series">2014</a>–<a href="/wiki/2015_American_League_Championship_Series" title="2015 American League Championship Series">2015</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> American League champions<br />Cleveland Indians </b><br /><a href="/wiki/2016_American_League_Championship_Series" title="2016 American League Championship Series">2016</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Houston_Astros" title="Houston Astros">Houston Astros</a><br /><a href="/wiki/2017_American_League_Championship_Series" title="2017 American League Championship Series">2017</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cleveland_Guardians" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;background-color: #002B5C !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #E31937, inset -2px -2px 0 #E31937; !important;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cleveland_Guardians" title="Template:Cleveland Guardians"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cleveland_Guardians" title="Template talk:Cleveland Guardians"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cleveland_Guardians" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cleveland Guardians"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cleveland_Guardians" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Cleveland Guardians</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;"><div> <ul><li>Established in <b><a href="/wiki/1894_Major_League_Baseball_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1894 Major League Baseball season"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">1894</span></a></b><br />Former names (all in Cleveland unless noted) - <b>Grand Rapids Rustlers</b>, <b>Lake Shores</b>, <b>Bluebirds</b>, <b>Bronchos</b>, <b>Naps</b>, and <b>Indians</b><br /> Based in <b><a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Cleveland, Ohio</span></a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Franchise</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Cleveland_Guardians" title="History of the Cleveland Guardians">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cleveland_Guardians_seasons" title="List of Cleveland Guardians seasons">Seasons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cleveland_Guardians_team_records" title="List of Cleveland Guardians team records">Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians_all-time_roster" title="Cleveland Guardians all-time roster">Players</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cleveland_Guardians_owners_and_executives" title="List of Cleveland Guardians owners and executives">Owners and executives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cleveland_Guardians_managers" title="List of Cleveland Guardians managers">Managers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cleveland_Guardians_Opening_Day_starting_pitchers" title="List of Cleveland Guardians Opening Day starting pitchers">Opening Day starting pitchers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cleveland_Guardians_no-hitters" title="List of Cleveland Guardians no-hitters">No-hitters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians_award_winners_and_league_leaders" title="Cleveland Guardians award winners and league leaders">Award winners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cleveland_Guardians_first-round_draft_picks" title="List of Cleveland Guardians first-round draft picks">First-round draft picks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cleveland_Guardians_broadcasters" title="List of Cleveland Guardians broadcasters">Broadcasters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">Ballparks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/League_Park" title="League Park">League Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Stadium" title="Cleveland Stadium">Cleveland Stadium</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Field" title="Progressive Field">Progressive Field</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li>Spring training: <a href="/wiki/Athletic_Park_(New_Orleans)" title="Athletic Park (New Orleans)">Athletic Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelican_Stadium" title="Pelican Stadium">Heinemann Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henley_Field" title="Henley Field">Henley Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Park_Ballfield" title="Terry Park Ballfield">Terry Park Ballfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clearwater_Athletic_Field" title="Clearwater Athletic Field">Clearwater Athletic Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hi_Corbett_Field" title="Hi Corbett Field">Hi Corbett Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chain_of_Lakes_Park" title="Chain of Lakes Park">Chain of Lakes Park</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Ballpark" title="Goodyear Ballpark">Goodyear Ballpark</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">Culture and lore</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1910_Chalmers_Award" title="1910 Chalmers Award">1910 Chalmers Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_American_League_tie-breaker_game" title="1948 American League tie-breaker game">1948 AL tie-breaker game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Cleveland_Indians_corked_bat_incident" title="1994 Cleveland Indians corked bat incident">1994 corked bat incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_American_League_Wild_Card_Game" title="2013 American League Wild Card Game">2013 AL Wild Card Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_MLB_Little_League_Classic" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 MLB Little League Classic">2021 MLB Little League Classic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2017 Cleveland Indians season">22-game win streak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_American_League_Wild_Card_Series#Game2" title="2022 American League Wild Card Series">The Longest Scoreless Tie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Addie_Joss_Benefit_Game" title="Addie Joss Benefit Game">Addie Joss Benefit Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Addie_Joss%27_perfect_game" title="Addie Joss' perfect game">Addie Joss' perfect game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armando_Galarraga%27s_near-perfect_game" title="Armando Galarraga's near-perfect game">Armando Galarraga's near-perfect game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Wahoo" title="Chief Wahoo">Chief Wahoo</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Rocks" title="Cleveland Rocks">Cleveland Rocks</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_sports_curse" title="Cleveland sports curse">Cleveland sports curse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curse_of_Rocky_Colavito" title="Curse of Rocky Colavito">Curse of Rocky Colavito</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hope_Memorial_Bridge" title="Hope Memorial Bridge">Guardians of Traffic</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Indians_name_and_logo_controversy" title="Cleveland Indians name and logo controversy">Indians name and logo controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams_(drummer)" title="John Adams (drummer)">John Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Len_Barker%27s_perfect_game" title="Len Barker's perfect game">Len Barker's perfect game</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Major_League_(film)" title="Major League (film)">Major League</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Major_League_II" title="Major League II">Major League II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moneyball_(film)" title="Moneyball (film)">Moneyball</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Athletics_18,_Cleveland_Indians_17_(1932)" title="Philadelphia Athletics 18, Cleveland Indians 17 (1932)">Philadelphia Athletics 18, Cleveland Indians 17 (1932)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_mascots#Slider_(Cleveland_Guardians)" title="List of Major League Baseball mascots">Slider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ten_Cent_Beer_Night" title="Ten Cent Beer Night">Ten Cent Beer Night</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Catch_(baseball)" title="The Catch (baseball)">The Catch</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Kid_from_Cleveland" title="The Kid from Cleveland">The Kid from Cleveland</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Pitch_That_Killed" title="The Pitch That Killed">The Pitch That Killed</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">Rivalries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Cup" title="Ohio Cup">Ohio Cup</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds" title="Cincinnati Reds">Cincinnati Reds</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">Key personnel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Owner: <a href="/wiki/Larry_Dolan" title="Larry Dolan">Larry Dolan</a></li> <li>Chairman/CEO: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Dolan_(baseball)" title="Paul Dolan (baseball)">Paul Dolan</a></li> <li>President: <a href="/wiki/Chris_Antonetti" title="Chris Antonetti">Chris Antonetti</a></li> <li>General manager: <a href="/wiki/Mike_Chernoff_(baseball)" title="Mike Chernoff (baseball)">Mike Chernoff</a></li> <li>Manager: <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Vogt" title="Stephen Vogt">Stephen Vogt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">Postseason appearances (17)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1920_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1920 Cleveland Indians season">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1948 Cleveland Indians season">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1954 Cleveland Indians season">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1995 Cleveland Indians season">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1996 Cleveland Indians season">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1997 Cleveland Indians season">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1998 Cleveland Indians season">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1999 Cleveland Indians season">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2001 Cleveland Indians season">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2007 Cleveland Indians season">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2013 Cleveland Indians season">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2016 Cleveland Indians season">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2017 Cleveland Indians season">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2018 Cleveland Indians season">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2020 Cleveland Indians season">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Cleveland_Guardians_season" title="2022 Cleveland Guardians season">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Cleveland_Guardians_season" title="2024 Cleveland Guardians season">2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">Division championships (12)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1995_American_League_Division_Series" title="1995 American League Division Series">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_American_League_Division_Series" title="1996 American League Division Series">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_American_League_Division_Series" title="1997 American League Division Series">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_American_League_Division_Series" title="1998 American League Division Series">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_American_League_Division_Series" title="1999 American League Division Series">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_American_League_Division_Series" title="2001 American League Division Series">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_American_League_Division_Series" title="2007 American League Division Series">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_American_League_Division_Series" title="2016 American League Division Series">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_American_League_Division_Series" title="2017 American League Division Series">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_American_League_Division_Series" title="2018 American League Division Series">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_MLB_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 MLB season">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_MLB_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 MLB season">2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">American League pennants (6)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1920_World_Series" title="1920 World Series">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_World_Series" title="1948 World Series">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_World_Series" title="1954 World Series">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_American_League_Championship_Series" title="1995 American League Championship Series">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_American_League_Championship_Series" title="1997 American League Championship Series">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_American_League_Championship_Series" title="2016 American League Championship Series">2016</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">World Series championships (2)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/1920_World_Series" title="1920 World Series">1920</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1948_World_Series" title="1948 World Series">1948</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">Hall of Famers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Averill" title="Earl Averill">Averill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Boudreau" title="Lou Boudreau">Boudreau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stan_Coveleski" title="Stan Coveleski">Coveleski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Doby" title="Larry Doby">Doby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Dudley" title="Jimmy Dudley">Dudley</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ford_C._Frick_Award" title="Ford C. Frick Award">FCFA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Feller" title="Bob Feller">Feller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmer_Flick" title="Elmer Flick">Flick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Graney" title="Jack Graney">Graney</a> (FCFA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Addie_Joss" title="Addie Joss">Joss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nap_Lajoie" title="Nap Lajoie">Lajoie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Lemon" title="Bob Lemon">Lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Sewell" title="Joe Sewell">Sewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tris_Speaker" title="Tris Speaker">Speaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Thome" title="Jim Thome">Thome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Wynn" title="Early Wynn">Wynn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cleveland_Guardians_minor_league_affiliates" title="List of Cleveland Guardians minor league affiliates"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Minors</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Triple-A: <a href="/wiki/Columbus_Clippers" title="Columbus Clippers">Columbus Clippers</a></li> <li>Double-A: <a href="/wiki/Akron_RubberDucks" title="Akron RubberDucks">Akron RubberDucks</a></li> <li>High-A: <a href="/wiki/Lake_County_Captains" title="Lake County Captains">Lake County Captains</a></li> <li>Single-A: <a href="/wiki/Lynchburg_Hillcats" title="Lynchburg Hillcats">Lynchburg Hillcats</a></li> <li>Rookie: <a href="/wiki/Arizona_Complex_League_Guardians" title="Arizona Complex League Guardians">Arizona Complex League Guardians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Summer_League_Guardians" title="Dominican Summer League Guardians">Dominican Summer League Guardians Goryl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Summer_League_Guardians" title="Dominican Summer League Guardians">Dominican Summer League Guardians Mendoza</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;background-color: #002B5C !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #E31937, inset -2px -2px 0 #E31937; !important;;"><div id="Seasons_(131)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Seasons (131)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">1890s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#AAAAAA">1890</span></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#AAAAAA">1891</span></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#AAAAAA">1892</span></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#AAAAAA">1893</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_League_(1885%E2%80%931899)" class="mw-redirect" title="Western League (1885–1899)">1894</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_League_(1885%E2%80%931899)" class="mw-redirect" title="Western League (1885–1899)">1895</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_League_(1885%E2%80%931899)" class="mw-redirect" title="Western League (1885–1899)">1896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_League_(1885%E2%80%931899)" class="mw-redirect" title="Western League (1885–1899)">1897</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_League_(1885%E2%80%931899)" class="mw-redirect" title="Western League (1885–1899)">1898</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_League_(1885%E2%80%931899)" class="mw-redirect" title="Western League (1885–1899)">1899</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">1900s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_League_(1885%E2%80%931899)" class="mw-redirect" title="Western League (1885–1899)">1900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1901_Cleveland_Blues_season" title="1901 Cleveland Blues season">1901</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1902_Cleveland_Bronchos_season" title="1902 Cleveland Bronchos season">1902</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1903_Cleveland_Naps_season" title="1903 Cleveland Naps season">1903</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904_Cleveland_Naps_season" title="1904 Cleveland Naps season">1904</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1905_Cleveland_Naps_season" title="1905 Cleveland Naps season">1905</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1906_Cleveland_Naps_season" title="1906 Cleveland Naps season">1906</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1907_Cleveland_Naps_season" title="1907 Cleveland Naps season">1907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_Cleveland_Naps_season" title="1908 Cleveland Naps season">1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1909_Cleveland_Naps_season" title="1909 Cleveland Naps season">1909</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">1910s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1910_Cleveland_Naps_season" title="1910 Cleveland Naps season">1910</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1911_Cleveland_Naps_season" title="1911 Cleveland Naps season">1911</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_Cleveland_Naps_season" title="1912 Cleveland Naps season">1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1913_Cleveland_Naps_season" title="1913 Cleveland Naps season">1913</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1914_Cleveland_Naps_season" title="1914 Cleveland Naps season">1914</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1915_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1915 Cleveland Indians season">1915</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1916 Cleveland Indians season">1916</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1917_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1917 Cleveland Indians season">1917</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1918_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1918 Cleveland Indians season">1918</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1919_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1919 Cleveland Indians season">1919</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">1920s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/1920_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1920 Cleveland Indians season">1920</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1921_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1921 Cleveland Indians season">1921</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1922_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1922 Cleveland Indians season">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1923_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1923 Cleveland Indians season">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1924 Cleveland Indians season">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1925_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1925 Cleveland Indians season">1925</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1926 Cleveland Indians season">1926</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1927_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1927 Cleveland Indians season">1927</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1928 Cleveland Indians season">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1929_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1929 Cleveland Indians season">1929</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">1930s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1930_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1930 Cleveland Indians season">1930</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1931_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1931 Cleveland Indians season">1931</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1932 Cleveland Indians season">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1933_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1933 Cleveland Indians season">1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1934 Cleveland Indians season">1934</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1935 Cleveland Indians season">1935</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1936 Cleveland Indians season">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1937_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1937 Cleveland Indians season">1937</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1938 Cleveland Indians season">1938</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1939_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1939 Cleveland Indians season">1939</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">1940s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1940 Cleveland Indians season">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1941 Cleveland Indians season">1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1942 Cleveland Indians season">1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1943 Cleveland Indians season">1943</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1944 Cleveland Indians season">1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1945 Cleveland Indians season">1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1946 Cleveland Indians season">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1947_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1947 Cleveland Indians season">1947</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1948_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1948 Cleveland Indians season">1948</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1949 Cleveland Indians season">1949</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1950_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1950 Cleveland Indians season">1950</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1951 Cleveland Indians season">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1952 Cleveland Indians season">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1953 Cleveland Indians season">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1954 Cleveland Indians season">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1955 Cleveland Indians season">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1956 Cleveland Indians season">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1957 Cleveland Indians season">1957</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1958 Cleveland Indians season">1958</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1959 Cleveland Indians season">1959</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1960_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1960 Cleveland Indians season">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1961_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1961 Cleveland Indians season">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1962_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1962 Cleveland Indians season">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1963 Cleveland Indians season">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1964 Cleveland Indians season">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1965 Cleveland Indians season">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1966 Cleveland Indians season">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1967 Cleveland Indians season">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1968 Cleveland Indians season">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1969 Cleveland Indians season">1969</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1970_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1970 Cleveland Indians season">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1971 Cleveland Indians season">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1972 Cleveland Indians season">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1973 Cleveland Indians season">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1974 Cleveland Indians season">1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1975 Cleveland Indians season">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1976 Cleveland Indians season">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1977 Cleveland Indians season">1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1978 Cleveland Indians season">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1979 Cleveland Indians season">1979</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1980 Cleveland Indians season">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1981 Cleveland Indians season">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1982 Cleveland Indians season">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1983 Cleveland Indians season">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1984 Cleveland Indians season">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1985 Cleveland Indians season">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1986 Cleveland Indians season">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1987 Cleveland Indians season">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1988 Cleveland Indians season">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1989 Cleveland Indians season">1989</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1990_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1990 Cleveland Indians season">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1991 Cleveland Indians season">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1992 Cleveland Indians season">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1993 Cleveland Indians season">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1994 Cleveland Indians season">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1995 Cleveland Indians season">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1996 Cleveland Indians season">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1997 Cleveland Indians season">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1998 Cleveland Indians season">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1999 Cleveland Indians season">1999</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2000_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2000 Cleveland Indians season">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2001 Cleveland Indians season">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2002 Cleveland Indians season">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2003 Cleveland Indians season">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2004 Cleveland Indians season">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2005 Cleveland Indians season">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2006 Cleveland Indians season">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2007 Cleveland Indians season">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2008 Cleveland Indians season">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2009 Cleveland Indians season">2009</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2010 Cleveland Indians season">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2011 Cleveland Indians season">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2012 Cleveland Indians season">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2013 Cleveland Indians season">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2014 Cleveland Indians season">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2015 Cleveland Indians season">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2016 Cleveland Indians season">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2017 Cleveland Indians season">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2018 Cleveland Indians season">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2019 Cleveland Indians season">2019</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E31937 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;;width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2020 Cleveland Indians season">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="2021 Cleveland Indians season">2021</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2022_Cleveland_Guardians_season" title="2022 Cleveland Guardians season">2022</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Cleveland_Guardians_season" title="2023 Cleveland Guardians season">2023</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2024_Cleveland_Guardians_season" title="2024 Cleveland Guardians season">2024</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2025_Cleveland_Guardians_season" title="2025 Cleveland Guardians season">2025</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;background-color: #002B5C !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #E31937, inset -2px -2px 0 #E31937; !important;;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cleveland_Guardians_retired_numbers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #002B5C !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #E31937, inset -2px -2px 0 #E31937; !important;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cleveland_Guardians_retired_numbers" title="Template:Cleveland Guardians retired numbers"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cleveland_Guardians_retired_numbers" title="Template talk:Cleveland Guardians retired numbers"><abbr 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Doby">Larry Doby</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b>18</b> <a href="/wiki/Mel_Harder" title="Mel Harder">Mel Harder</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b>19</b> <a href="/wiki/Bob_Feller" title="Bob Feller">Bob Feller</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b>20</b> <a href="/wiki/Frank_Robinson" title="Frank Robinson">Frank Robinson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b>21</b> <a href="/wiki/Bob_Lemon" title="Bob Lemon">Bob Lemon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b>25</b> <a href="/wiki/Jim_Thome" title="Jim Thome">Jim Thome</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b>455</b> <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Field#Attendance_records" title="Progressive Field">Guardians fans</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Championship_navigation_boxes" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #002B5C !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #E31937, inset -2px -2px 0 #E31937; !important;;"><div id="Championship_navigation_boxes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Championship navigation boxes</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cleveland_Indians_1920_World_Series_champions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #002B5C !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1920_Cleveland_Indians" title="Template:1920 Cleveland Indians"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1920_Cleveland_Indians" title="Template talk:1920 Cleveland Indians"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1920_Cleveland_Indians" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1920 Cleveland Indians"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cleveland_Indians_1920_World_Series_champions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Cleveland Indians</span></a> <a href="/wiki/1920_World_Series" title="1920 World Series"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">1920 World Series</span></a> champions</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Bagby_Sr." title="Jim Bagby Sr.">Jim Bagby</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Burns_(first_baseman)" title="George Burns (first baseman)">George Burns</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ray_Caldwell" title="Ray Caldwell">Ray Caldwell</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stan_Coveleski" title="Stan Coveleski">Stan Coveleski</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Evans_(baseball)" title="Joe Evans (baseball)">Joe Evans</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Larry_Gardner" title="Larry Gardner">Larry Gardner</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Graney" title="Jack Graney">Jack Graney</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Jamieson" title="Charlie Jamieson">Charlie Jamieson</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Doc_Johnston" title="Doc Johnston">Doc Johnston</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harry_Lunte" title="Harry Lunte">Harry Lunte</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Duster_Mails" title="Duster Mails">Duster Mails</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Les_Nunamaker" title="Les Nunamaker">Les Nunamaker</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steve_O%27Neill" title="Steve O'Neill">Steve O'Neill</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Sewell" title="Joe Sewell">Joe Sewell</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elmer_Smith_(baseball)" title="Elmer Smith (baseball)">Elmer Smith</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tris_Speaker" title="Tris Speaker">Tris Speaker</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pinch_Thomas" title="Pinch Thomas">Pinch Thomas</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Uhle" title="George Uhle">George Uhle</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Wambsganss" title="Bill Wambsganss">Bill Wambsganss</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Smoky_Joe_Wood" title="Smoky Joe Wood">Smoky Joe Wood</a></span></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nowrap">Manager</span></dt> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tris_Speaker" title="Tris Speaker">Tris Speaker</a></span></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFFFFF !important; color: #002B5C !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;"><div> <dl><dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1920_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1920 Cleveland Indians season"><span style="color:#002B5C">Regular season</span></a></span></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cleveland_Indians_1948_World_Series_champions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #002B5C !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #C8102E, inset -2px -2px 0 #C8102E; !important;;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1948_Cleveland_Indians" title="Template:1948 Cleveland Indians"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1948_Cleveland_Indians" title="Template talk:1948 Cleveland Indians"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1948_Cleveland_Indians" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1948 Cleveland Indians"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cleveland_Indians_1948_World_Series_champions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Cleveland Indians</span></a> <a href="/wiki/1948_World_Series" title="1948 World Series"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">1948 World Series</span></a> champions</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><span class="nowrap">2 <a href="/wiki/John_Beradino" title="John Beradino">Johnny Berardino</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">3 <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Robinson_(baseball)" title="Eddie Robinson (baseball)">Eddie Robinson</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">4 <a href="/wiki/Joe_Gordon" title="Joe Gordon">Joe Gordon</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">5 <a href="/wiki/Lou_Boudreau" title="Lou Boudreau">Lou Boudreau</a> (<a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_Most_Valuable_Player_Award" title="Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award">AL MVP</a>)</span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">6 <a href="/wiki/Ken_Keltner" title="Ken Keltner">Ken Keltner</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">7 <a href="/wiki/Al_Rosen" title="Al Rosen">Al Rosen</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">10 <a href="/wiki/Jim_Hegan" title="Jim Hegan">Jim Hegan</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">12 <a href="/wiki/Joe_Tipton" title="Joe Tipton">Joe Tipton</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">14 <a href="/wiki/Larry_Doby" title="Larry Doby">Larry Doby</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">16 <a href="/wiki/Ed_Klieman" title="Ed Klieman">Ed Klieman</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">18 <a href="/wiki/Russ_Christopher" title="Russ Christopher">Russ Christopher</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">19 <a href="/wiki/Bob_Feller" title="Bob Feller">Bob Feller</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">20 <a href="/wiki/Sam_Zoldak" title="Sam Zoldak">Sam Zoldak</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">21 <a href="/wiki/Bob_Lemon" title="Bob Lemon">Bob Lemon</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">24 <a href="/wiki/Bob_Kennedy" title="Bob Kennedy">Bob Kennedy</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">25 <a href="/wiki/Bob_Muncrief" title="Bob Muncrief">Bob Muncrief</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">27 <a href="/wiki/Steve_Gromek" title="Steve Gromek">Steve Gromek</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">28 <a href="/wiki/Ray_Boone" title="Ray Boone">Ray Boone</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">29 <a href="/wiki/Satchel_Paige" title="Satchel Paige">Satchel Paige</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">30 <a href="/wiki/Gene_Bearden" title="Gene Bearden">Gene Bearden</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">31 <a href="/wiki/Allie_Clark" title="Allie Clark">Allie Clark</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">34 <a href="/wiki/Dale_Mitchell_(baseball)" title="Dale Mitchell (baseball)">Dale Mitchell</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">35 <a href="/wiki/Walt_Judnich" title="Walt Judnich">Walt Judnich</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">36 <a href="/wiki/Hal_Peck" title="Hal Peck">Hal Peck</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">38 <a href="/wiki/Thurman_Tucker" title="Thurman Tucker">Thurman Tucker</a></span></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nowrap">Manager</span></dt> <dd><span class="nowrap">5 <a href="/wiki/Lou_Boudreau" title="Lou Boudreau">Lou Boudreau</a></span></dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="nowrap">Coaches</span></dt> <dd><span class="nowrap">41 <a href="/wiki/Bill_McKechnie" title="Bill McKechnie">Bill McKechnie</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">42 <a href="/wiki/Muddy_Ruel" title="Muddy Ruel">Muddy Ruel</a></span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap">43 <a href="/wiki/Mel_Harder" title="Mel Harder">Mel Harder</a></span></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #C8102E !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #002B5C, inset -2px -2px 0 #002B5C; !important;;"><div> <dl><dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1948_Cleveland_Indians_season" title="1948 Cleveland Indians season"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Regular season</span></a></span></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="American_League" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #CC0000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000088, inset -2px -2px 0 #000088; !important;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:American_League" title="Template:American League"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:American_League" title="Template talk:American League"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:American_League" title="Special:EditPage/Template:American League"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="American_League" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/American_League" title="American League"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">American League</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC0000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000088, inset -2px -2px 0 #000088; !important;;;width:1%">Organization</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Parent league: <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a></li> <li>Partner league: <a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">National League</a></li> <li>Origins: (<a href="/wiki/History_of_the_American_League" title="History of the American League">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_League_(1885%E2%80%931899)" class="mw-redirect" title="Western League (1885–1899)">Western League</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_League_presidents" title="List of American League presidents">Presidents</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC0000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000088, inset -2px -2px 0 #000088; !important;;;width:1%">Current teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC0000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000088, inset -2px -2px 0 #000088; !important;;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/American_League_East" title="American League East"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">East</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Orioles" title="Baltimore Orioles">Baltimore Orioles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox" title="Boston Red Sox">Boston Red Sox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampa_Bay_Rays" title="Tampa Bay Rays">Tampa Bay Rays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Blue_Jays" title="Toronto Blue Jays">Toronto Blue Jays</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC0000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000088, inset -2px -2px 0 #000088; !important;;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/American_League_Central" title="American League Central"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Central</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_White_Sox" title="Chicago White Sox">Chicago White Sox</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cleveland Guardians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Tigers" title="Detroit Tigers">Detroit Tigers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_Royals" title="Kansas City Royals">Kansas City Royals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Twins" title="Minnesota Twins">Minnesota Twins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC0000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000088, inset -2px -2px 0 #000088; !important;;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/American_League_West" title="American League West"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">West</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_(baseball)" title="Athletics (baseball)">Athletics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Astros" title="Houston Astros">Houston Astros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Angels" title="Los Angeles Angels">Los Angeles Angels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seattle_Mariners" title="Seattle Mariners">Seattle Mariners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Rangers_(baseball)" title="Texas Rangers (baseball)">Texas Rangers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC0000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000088, inset -2px -2px 0 #000088; !important;;;width:1%">Former, relocated,<br />and disestablished teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Orioles_(1901%E2%80%931902)" title="Baltimore Orioles (1901–1902)">Baltimore Orioles</a> (1901–1902)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_Athletics" title="Kansas City Athletics">Kansas City Athletics</a> (1955–1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Brewers_(1894%E2%80%931901)" title="Milwaukee Brewers (1894–1901)">Milwaukee Brewers I</a> (1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Brewers" title="Milwaukee Brewers">Milwaukee Brewers II</a> (1970–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakland_Athletics" title="Oakland Athletics">Oakland Athletics</a> (1968–2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Athletics" title="Philadelphia Athletics">Philadelphia Athletics</a> (1901–1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seattle_Pilots" title="Seattle Pilots">Seattle Pilots</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Browns" title="St. Louis Browns">St. Louis Browns</a> (1902–1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Senators_(1901%E2%80%931960)" title="Washington Senators (1901–1960)">Washington Senators I</a> (1901–1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Senators_(1961%E2%80%931971)" title="Washington Senators (1961–1971)">Washington Senators II</a> (1961–1971)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC0000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000088, inset -2px -2px 0 #000088; !important;;;width:1%">Championship play</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_League_pennant_winners" title="List of American League pennant winners">Champions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_League_Championship_Series" title="American League Championship Series">Championship Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_League_Division_Series" title="American League Division Series">Division Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_Wild_Card_Game#American_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Major League Baseball Wild Card Game">Wild Card Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_League_Wild_Card_winners" title="List of American League Wild Card winners">Wild Card winners</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CC0000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000088, inset -2px -2px 0 #000088; !important;;;width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Professional_baseball" title="Professional baseball">Professional baseball</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Native_American_mascot_controversy" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:PaleGoldenrod;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Native_American_mascot_controversy" title="Template:Native American mascot controversy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Native_American_mascot_controversy" title="Template talk:Native American mascot controversy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Native_American_mascot_controversy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Native American mascot controversy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Native_American_mascot_controversy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Native_American_mascot_controversy" title="Native American mascot controversy">Native American mascot controversy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:PaleGoldenrod;;width:1%">Professional sports teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves" title="Atlanta Braves">Atlanta Braves</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves_tomahawk_chop_and_name_controversy" title="Atlanta Braves tomahawk chop and name controversy">Tomahawk chop and name controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Noc-A-Homa" title="Chief Noc-A-Homa">Chief Noc-A-Homa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Blackhawks" title="Chicago Blackhawks">Chicago Blackhawks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Blackhawks_name_and_logo_controversy" title="Chicago Blackhawks name and logo controversy">name and logo controversy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs" title="Kansas City Chiefs">Kansas City Chiefs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs_name_controversy" title="Kansas City Chiefs name controversy">name controversy</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:PaleGoldenrod;;width:1%">Prior usage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:LightGoldenrodYellow;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Washington_Commanders" title="Washington Commanders">Washington Redskins</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Redskins_name_controversy" title="Washington Redskins name controversy">Name controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Washington_Redskins_name_change_advocates" title="List of Washington Redskins name change advocates">Name change advocates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Redskins_trademark_dispute" title="Washington Redskins trademark dispute">Trademark dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Redskins_name_opinion_polls" title="Washington Redskins name opinion polls">Opinion polls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Redskins_Original_Americans_Foundation" title="Washington Redskins Original Americans Foundation">Original Americans Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Zee" title="Chief Zee">Chief Zee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Redhawks" title="Washington Redhawks">Washington Redhawks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:LightGoldenrodYellow;width:1%">Other teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cleveland Indians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Indians_name_and_logo_controversy" title="Cleveland Indians name and logo controversy">name and logo controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Wahoo" title="Chief Wahoo">Chief Wahoo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmonton_Elks" title="Edmonton Elks">Edmonton Eskimos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_mascot_controversy#Golden_State_Warriors" title="Native American mascot controversy">Golden State Warriors</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:PaleGoldenrod;;width:1%">College teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Native_American_mascot_decision" title="NCAA Native American mascot decision">NCAA Native American mascot decision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Illiniwek" title="Chief Illiniwek">Chief Illiniwek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_State_Seminoles" title="Florida State Seminoles">Florida State Seminoles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Osceola_and_Renegade" title="Osceola and Renegade">Osceola and Renegade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammy_Seminole" title="Sammy Seminole">Sammy Seminole</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Fighting_Sioux_controversy" title="North Dakota Fighting Sioux controversy">Fighting Sioux name controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_State_University#Mascot_controversy" title="San Diego State University">San Diego State Aztec Warrior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_college_sports_team_names_and_mascots_derived_from_indigenous_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="List of college sports team names and mascots derived from indigenous peoples">List of college teams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:PaleGoldenrod;;width:1%">Youth and school teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sports_teams_named_Redskins" title="Sports teams named Redskins">Sports teams named Redskins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_secondary_school_sports_team_names_and_mascots_derived_from_indigenous_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="List of secondary school sports team names and mascots derived from indigenous peoples">List of secondary school teams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:PaleGoldenrod;;width:1%">Change advocates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amanda_Blackhorse" title="Amanda Blackhorse">Amanda Blackhorse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brett_Chapman" title="Brett Chapman">Brett Chapman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregg_Deal" title="Gregg Deal">Gregg Deal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephanie_Fryberg" title="Stephanie Fryberg">Stephanie Fryberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deb_Haaland" title="Deb Haaland">Deb Haaland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzan_Shown_Harjo" title="Suzan Shown Harjo">Suzan Shown Harjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrienne_Keene" title="Adrienne Keene">Adrienne Keene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Keeler" title="Jacqueline Keeler">Jacqueline Keeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Kathryn_Nagle" title="Mary Kathryn Nagle">Mary Kathryn Nagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Roche_(activist)" title="Robert Roche (activist)">Robert Roche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundance_(activist)" title="Sundance (activist)">Sundance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlene_Teters" title="Charlene Teters">Charlene Teters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Yenyo" title="Philip Yenyo">Philip Yenyo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:PaleGoldenrod;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Native_American_issues_in_the_United_States" title="Contemporary Native American issues in the United States">Contemporary Native American issues in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_appropriation" title="Cultural appropriation">Cultural appropriation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_intellectual_property" title="Indigenous intellectual property">Indigenous intellectual property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sports_team_names_and_mascots_derived_from_indigenous_peoples" title="List of sports team names and mascots derived from indigenous peoples">List of teams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_mascot_laws_and_regulations" title="Native American mascot laws and regulations">Native American mascot laws and regulations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pretendian" title="Pretendian">Pretendian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redface" title="Redface">Redface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redskin" title="Redskin">Redskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stereotypes_of_Indigenous_peoples_of_Canada_and_the_United_States" title="Stereotypes of Indigenous peoples of Canada and the United States">Stereotypes of Indigenous peoples of Canada and the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomahawk_chop" title="Tomahawk chop">Tomahawk chop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Major_League_Baseball" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Major_League_Baseball" title="Template:Major League Baseball"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Major_League_Baseball" title="Template talk:Major League Baseball"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Major_League_Baseball" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Major League Baseball"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Major_League_Baseball" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/2024_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="2024 Major League Baseball season">2024</a> season</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFA7A7;"><a href="/wiki/American_League" title="American League">American League</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFA7A7;"><a href="/wiki/American_League_East" title="American League East">East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Orioles" title="Baltimore Orioles">Baltimore Orioles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox" title="Boston Red Sox">Boston Red Sox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampa_Bay_Rays" title="Tampa Bay Rays">Tampa Bay Rays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Blue_Jays" title="Toronto Blue Jays">Toronto Blue Jays</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFA7A7;"><a href="/wiki/American_League_Central" title="American League Central">Central</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_White_Sox" title="Chicago White Sox">Chicago White Sox</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cleveland Guardians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Tigers" title="Detroit Tigers">Detroit Tigers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_Royals" title="Kansas City Royals">Kansas City Royals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Twins" title="Minnesota Twins">Minnesota Twins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFA7A7;"><a href="/wiki/American_League_West" title="American League West">West</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_(baseball)" title="Athletics (baseball)">Athletics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Astros" title="Houston Astros">Houston Astros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Angels" title="Los Angeles Angels">Los Angeles Angels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seattle_Mariners" title="Seattle Mariners">Seattle Mariners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Rangers_(baseball)" title="Texas Rangers (baseball)">Texas Rangers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#B7D0FF;"><a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">National League</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#B7D0FF;"><a href="/wiki/National_League_East" title="National League East">East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves" title="Atlanta Braves">Atlanta Braves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_Marlins" title="Miami Marlins">Miami Marlins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Mets" title="New York Mets">New York Mets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Phillies" title="Philadelphia Phillies">Philadelphia Phillies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Nationals" title="Washington Nationals">Washington Nationals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#B7D0FF;"><a href="/wiki/National_League_Central" title="National League Central">Central</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cubs" title="Chicago Cubs">Chicago Cubs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds" title="Cincinnati Reds">Cincinnati Reds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Brewers" title="Milwaukee Brewers">Milwaukee Brewers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Pirates" title="Pittsburgh Pirates">Pittsburgh Pirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Cardinals" title="St. Louis Cardinals">St. Louis Cardinals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#B7D0FF;"><a href="/wiki/National_League_West" title="National League West">West</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Diamondbacks" title="Arizona Diamondbacks">Arizona Diamondbacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Rockies" title="Colorado Rockies">Colorado Rockies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Dodgers" title="Los Angeles Dodgers">Los Angeles Dodgers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Padres" title="San Diego Padres">San Diego Padres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Giants" title="San Francisco Giants">San Francisco Giants</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_schedule" title="Major League Baseball schedule">Schedule</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spring_training" title="Spring training">Spring training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opening_Day" title="Opening Day">Opening Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Robinson_Day" title="Jackie Robinson Day">Jackie Robinson Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Game" title="Civil Rights Game">Civil Rights Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_All-Star_Game" title="Major League Baseball All-Star Game">All-Star Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interleague_play" title="Interleague play">Interleague play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_games_played_outside_the_United_States_and_Canada" title="List of Major League Baseball games played outside the United States and Canada">International games</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MLB_London_Series" title="MLB London Series">London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MLB_Mexico_City_Series" title="MLB Mexico City Series">Mexico City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MLB_Seoul_Series" title="MLB Seoul Series">Seoul</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MLB_Little_League_Classic" title="MLB Little League Classic">Little League Classic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MLB_at_Field_of_Dreams" title="MLB at Field of Dreams">Field of Dreams Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MLB_at_Rickwood_Field" title="MLB at Rickwood Field">Rickwood Field Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Players_Weekend" title="Players Weekend">Players Weekend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Baseball_Classic" title="World Baseball Classic">World Baseball Classic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_postseason" title="Major League Baseball postseason">Postseason</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Series" title="World Series">World Series</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Series_champions" title="List of World Series champions">Champions</a></li></ul></li> <li>AL <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_League_pennant_winners" title="List of American League pennant winners">AL champions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_League_Championship_Series" title="American League Championship Series">ALCS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_League_Division_Series" title="American League Division Series">ALDS</a></li></ul></li> <li>NL <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_League_pennant_winners" title="List of National League pennant winners">NL champions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_League_Championship_Series" title="National League Championship Series">NLCS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_League_Division_Series" title="National League Division Series">NLDS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_Card_Series" title="Wild Card Series">Wild Card Game/Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_postseason_teams" title="List of Major League Baseball postseason teams">Appearances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_franchise_postseason_streaks" title="List of Major League Baseball franchise postseason streaks">Streaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_franchise_postseason_droughts" title="List of Major League Baseball franchise postseason droughts">Droughts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_postseason_series" title="List of Major League Baseball postseason series">Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_postseason_sweeps" title="List of Major League Baseball postseason sweeps">Sweeps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_game_sevens" title="List of Major League Baseball game sevens">Game 7s</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Business</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_Authentication_Program" title="Major League Baseball Authentication Program">Authentication Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Official_Professional_Baseball_Rules_Book" title="The Official Professional Baseball Rules Book">Business rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_draft" title="Major League Baseball draft">Draft</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rule_5_draft" title="Rule 5 draft">Rule 5</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-paid_Major_League_Baseball_players" title="List of highest-paid Major League Baseball players">Highest-paid players</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_stove_league" title="Hot stove league">Hot stove league</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_luxury_tax" title="Major League Baseball luxury tax">Luxury tax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MLB_lockout" title="MLB lockout">Lockouts/strikes</a></li> <li>Media <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_logo" title="Major League Baseball logo">Logo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_on_the_radio" title="Major League Baseball on the radio">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_on_television" title="Major League Baseball on television">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MLB.com" title="MLB.com">MLB.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MLB_Advanced_Media" title="MLB Advanced Media">MLB Advanced Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MLB_Network" title="MLB Network">MLB Network</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minor_League_Baseball" title="Minor League Baseball">Minor League Baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MLB_Draft_League" title="MLB Draft League">MLB Draft League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_Players_Association" title="Major League Baseball Players Association">Players Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Baseball_Classic_Inc." title="World Baseball Classic Inc.">World Baseball Classic Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_transactions" title="Major League Baseball transactions">Transactions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_agency_(Major_League_Baseball)" title="Free agency (Major League Baseball)">Free agency</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forbes%27_list_of_the_most_valuable_MLB_clubs" class="mw-redirect" title="Forbes' list of the most valuable MLB clubs">Valuations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_Meetings" title="Winter Meetings">Winter Meetings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Instant_replay_in_Major_League_Baseball" title="Instant replay in Major League Baseball">Instant replay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_uniforms" title="Major League Baseball uniforms">Team uniforms</a> (<a href="/wiki/2024_Major_League_Baseball_uniform_controversy" title="2024 Major League Baseball uniform controversy">2024 controversy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_Major_League_Baseball_stadiums" title="List of current Major League Baseball stadiums">Stadiums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_mascots" title="List of Major League Baseball mascots">Mascots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_rivalries" title="Major League Baseball rivalries">Rivalries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Major_League_Baseball_and_Nippon_Professional_Baseball" title="Comparison of Major League Baseball and Nippon Professional Baseball">Comparison with Nippon Professional Baseball</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_baseball_in_the_United_States" title="History of baseball in the United States">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_American_League" title="History of the American League">AL</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_seasons" title="List of Major League Baseball seasons">Seasons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_tie-breakers" title="List of Major League Baseball tie-breakers">Tie-breakers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_tie-breaking_procedures" title="Major League Baseball tie-breaking procedures">Tie-breaking procedures</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_all-time_Major_League_Baseball_win%E2%80%93loss_records" title="List of all-time Major League Baseball win–loss records">All-time win–loss records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_career_records" title="List of Major League Baseball career records">Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_awards" title="List of Major League Baseball awards">Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_retired_numbers" title="List of Major League Baseball retired numbers">Retired numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Baseball_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum" title="National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum">Hall of Fame</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Baseball_Hall_of_Fame" title="List of members of the Baseball Hall of Fame">members</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Baseball_Commission" title="National Baseball Commission">National Baseball Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_League" title="Continental League">Continental League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organized_baseball" title="Organized baseball">Organized baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_color_line" title="Baseball color line">Baseball color line</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_first_black_Major_League_Baseball_players" title="List of first black Major League Baseball players">First black players in MLB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Negro_league_baseball_players_who_played_in_Major_League_Baseball" title="List of Negro league baseball players who played in Major League Baseball">Negro leaguers who played in MLB</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_Major_League_Baseball_principal_owners" title="List of female Major League Baseball principal owners">Women MLB owners</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Predecessors" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Predecessors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Professional_Base_Ball_Players" title="National Association of Professional Base Ball Players">National Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Association_(1882%E2%80%931891)" title="American Association (1882–1891)">American Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Association" title="Union Association">Union Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Players%27_League" title="Players' League">Players' League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_League" title="Federal League">Federal League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negro_league_baseball" title="Negro league baseball">Major Negro leagues</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Negro_National_League_(1920%E2%80%931931)" title="Negro National League (1920–1931)">Negro National League (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Colored_League" title="Eastern Colored League">Eastern Colored League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Negro_League" title="American Negro League">American Negro League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East%E2%80%93West_League" title="East–West League">East–West League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negro_Southern_League_(1920%E2%80%931936)" title="Negro Southern League (1920–1936)">Negro Southern League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negro_National_League_(1920%E2%80%931931)" title="Negro National League (1920–1931)">Negro National League (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negro_American_League" title="Negro American League">Negro American League</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Steroid usage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_drug_policy" title="Major League Baseball drug policy">Drug policy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_players_suspended_for_performance-enhancing_drugs" title="List of Major League Baseball players suspended for performance-enhancing drugs">suspensions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitchell_Report" title="Mitchell Report">Mitchell Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biogenesis_scandal" title="Biogenesis scandal">Biogenesis scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BALCO_scandal" title="BALCO scandal">BALCO scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Bonds_perjury_case" title="Barry Bonds perjury case">Barry Bonds perjury case</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Timeline</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Major_League_Baseball" title="Timeline of Major League Baseball">Timeline of Major League Baseball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_baseball_team_nicknames" title="History of baseball team nicknames">History of team nicknames</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dead-ball_era" title="Dead-ball era">Dead-ball era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live-ball_era" title="Live-ball era">Live-ball era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_age_of_baseball" title="Golden age of baseball">Golden age of baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_and_relocated_Major_League_Baseball_teams" title="List of defunct and relocated Major League Baseball teams">Defunct and relocated teams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_relocations_of_1950s%E2%80%931960s" title="Major League Baseball relocations of 1950s–1960s">Relocations of the 1950s–1960s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expansion_of_Major_League_Baseball" title="Expansion of Major League Baseball">Expansion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1961_Major_League_Baseball_expansion" title="1961 Major League Baseball expansion">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1962_Major_League_Baseball_expansion" title="1962 Major League Baseball expansion">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_Major_League_Baseball_expansion" title="1969 Major League Baseball expansion">1969</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Major_League_Baseball_expansion" title="1977 Major League Baseball expansion">1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Major_League_Baseball_expansion" title="1993 Major League Baseball expansion">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Major_League_Baseball_expansion" title="1998 Major League Baseball expansion">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expansion_of_Major_League_Baseball#Potential_future_expansion_sites" title="Expansion of Major League Baseball">Potential</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Major_League_Baseball_contraction_plan" title="2001 Major League Baseball contraction plan">Contraction attempt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Commissioner_of_Baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="Commissioner of Baseball">Commissioner</a></b>: <b><a href="/wiki/Rob_Manfred" title="Rob Manfred">Rob Manfred</a></b></li> <li>League Presidents <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_League_presidents" title="List of American League presidents">AL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_League_presidents" title="List of National League presidents">NL</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sports_teams_based_in_and_around_Cleveland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cleveland_Sports" title="Template:Cleveland Sports"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cleveland_Sports" title="Template talk:Cleveland Sports"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cleveland_Sports" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cleveland Sports"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sports_teams_based_in_and_around_Cleveland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cleveland_sports_teams" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Cleveland sports teams">Sports teams</a> based in and around <a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">Baseball</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">MLB</a>:</b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cleveland Guardians</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Midwest_League" title="Midwest League">ML</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Lake_County_Captains" title="Lake County Captains">Lake County Captains</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Frontier_League" title="Frontier League">FL</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Lake_Erie_Crushers" title="Lake Erie Crushers">Lake Erie Crushers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">Basketball</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Association" title="National Basketball Association">NBA</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Cavaliers" title="Cleveland Cavaliers">Cleveland Cavaliers</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/NBA_G_League" title="NBA G League">NBA G League</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Charge" title="Cleveland Charge">Cleveland Charge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">Football</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">NFL</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Browns" title="Cleveland Browns">Cleveland Browns</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Football_Alliance" title="Women's Football Alliance">WFA</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Fusion" title="Cleveland Fusion">Cleveland Fusion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">Hockey</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/American_Hockey_League" title="American Hockey League">AHL</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Monsters" title="Cleveland Monsters">Cleveland Monsters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Roller_derby" title="Roller derby">Roller derby</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Flat_Track_Derby_Association" title="Women's Flat Track Derby Association">WFTDA</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Burning_River_Roller_Derby" title="Burning River Roller Derby">Burning River Roller Derby</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">Soccer</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/USL_League_Two" title="USL League Two">USL2</a>:</b> Cleveland Force SC</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/National_Premier_Soccer_League" title="National Premier Soccer League">NPSL</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_SC" title="Cleveland SC">Cleveland SC</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Premier_Soccer_League" title="Women's Premier Soccer League">WPSL</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Ambassadors" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleveland Ambassadors">Cleveland Ambassadors</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Indoor_Soccer_(2022-present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Major League Indoor Soccer (2022-present)">MLIS</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Crunch" title="Cleveland Crunch">Cleveland Crunch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/College_athletics_in_the_United_States" title="College athletics in the United States">College athletics</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I" title="NCAA Division I">NCAA Division I</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_State_Vikings" title="Cleveland State Vikings">Cleveland State Vikings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/College_athletics_in_the_United_States" title="College athletics in the United States">College athletics</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_II" title="NCAA Division II">NCAA Division II</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Notre_Dame_College#Athletics" title="Notre Dame College">Notre Dame Falcons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursuline_College#Athletics" title="Ursuline College">Ursuline Arrows</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/College_athletics_in_the_United_States" title="College athletics in the United States">College athletics</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_III" title="NCAA Division III">NCAA Division III</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Case_Western_Reserve_Spartans" title="Case Western Reserve Spartans">Case Western Reserve Spartans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baldwin_Wallace_Yellow_Jackets" title="Baldwin Wallace Yellow Jackets">Baldwin Wallace Yellow Jackets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Carroll_University#Athletics" title="John Carroll University">John Carroll Blue Streaks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_sports_curse" title="Cleveland sports curse">Cleveland sports curse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Browns_relocation_controversy" title="Cleveland Browns relocation controversy">Cleveland Browns relocation controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Derby" title="Ohio Derby">Ohio Derby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Gay_Games" title="2014 Gay Games">2014 Gay Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Marathon" title="Cleveland Marathon">Cleveland Marathon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sports_teams_based_in_Ohio" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ohio_Sports" title="Template:Ohio Sports"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ohio_Sports" title="Template talk:Ohio Sports"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ohio_Sports" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ohio Sports"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sports_teams_based_in_Ohio" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Sports teams based in <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">Baseball</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">MLB</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds" title="Cincinnati Reds">Cincinnati Reds</a></dd> <dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cleveland Guardians</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/International_League" title="International League">IL</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Clippers" title="Columbus Clippers">Columbus Clippers</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Toledo_Mud_Hens" title="Toledo Mud Hens">Toledo Mud Hens</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Eastern_League_(1938%E2%80%93present)" title="Eastern League (1938–present)">EL</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Akron_RubberDucks" title="Akron RubberDucks">Akron RubberDucks</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Midwest_League" title="Midwest League">ML</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dayton_Dragons" title="Dayton Dragons">Dayton Dragons</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lake_County_Captains" title="Lake County Captains">Lake County Captains</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/MLB_Draft_League" title="MLB Draft League">MLBDL</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mahoning_Valley_Scrappers" title="Mahoning Valley Scrappers">Mahoning Valley Scrappers</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Frontier_League" title="Frontier League">FL</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lake_Erie_Crushers" title="Lake Erie Crushers">Lake Erie Crushers</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Prospect_League" title="Prospect League">PL</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Champion_City_Kings" title="Champion City Kings">Champion City Kings</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chillicothe_Paints" title="Chillicothe Paints">Chillicothe Paints</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Summer_Collegiate_League" title="Great Lakes Summer Collegiate League">GLSCL</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Steam" title="Cincinnati Steam">Cincinnati Steam</a></dd> <dd>Grand Lake Mariners</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Joes" title="Hamilton Joes">Hamilton Joes</a></dd> <dd>Licking County Settlers</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lima_Locos" title="Lima Locos">Lima Locos</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lorain_County_Ironmen" title="Lorain County Ironmen">Lorain County Ironmen</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ohio_Copperheads" title="Southern Ohio Copperheads">Southern Ohio Copperheads</a></dd> <dd>Xenia Scouts</dd></dl> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="11" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Ohio.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Ohio.svg/100px-Flag_of_Ohio.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Ohio.svg/150px-Flag_of_Ohio.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Ohio.svg/200px-Flag_of_Ohio.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="320" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">Basketball</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Association" title="National Basketball Association">NBA</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Cavaliers" title="Cleveland Cavaliers">Cleveland Cavaliers</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/NBA_G_League" title="NBA G League">G League</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Charge" title="Cleveland Charge">Cleveland Charge</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">Football</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">NFL</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Bengals" title="Cincinnati Bengals">Cincinnati Bengals</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Browns" title="Cleveland Browns">Cleveland Browns</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Football_Alliance" title="Women's Football Alliance">WFA</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Sizzle" title="Cincinnati Sizzle">Cincinnati Sizzle</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Fusion" title="Cleveland Fusion">Cleveland Fusion</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Comets" title="Columbus Comets">Columbus Comets</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Toledo_Reign" title="Toledo Reign">Toledo Reign</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">Hockey</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">NHL</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Blue_Jackets" title="Columbus Blue Jackets">Columbus Blue Jackets</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/American_Hockey_League" title="American Hockey League">AHL</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Monsters" title="Cleveland Monsters">Cleveland Monsters</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/ECHL" title="ECHL">ECHL</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Cyclones" title="Cincinnati Cyclones">Cincinnati Cyclones</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Toledo_Walleye" title="Toledo Walleye">Toledo Walleye</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/United_States_Hockey_League" title="United States Hockey League">USHL</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Youngstown_Phantoms" title="Youngstown Phantoms">Youngstown Phantoms</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/United_States_Premier_Hockey_League" title="United States Premier Hockey League">USPHL</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Toledo_Cherokee" title="Toledo Cherokee">Toledo Cherokee</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wooster_Oilers" title="Wooster Oilers">Wooster Oilers</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Roller_derby" title="Roller derby">Roller derby</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Flat_Track_Derby_Association" title="Women's Flat Track Derby Association">WFTDA</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Akron_Roller_Derby" title="Akron Roller Derby">Akron Roller Derby</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Burning_River_Roller_Derby" title="Burning River Roller Derby">Burning River Roller Derby</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Rollergirls" title="Cincinnati Rollergirls">Cincinnati Rollergirls</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gem_City_Roller_Derby" title="Gem City Roller Derby">Gem City Roller Derby</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Glass_City_Rollers" title="Glass City Rollers">Glass City Rollers</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Little_Steel_Derby_Girls" class="mw-redirect" title="Little Steel Derby Girls">Little Steel Derby Girls</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Roller_Derby" title="Ohio Roller Derby">Ohio Roller Derby</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Men%27s_Roller_Derby_Association" title="Men's Roller Derby Association">MRDA</a></dt> <dd>Cincinnati Battering Rams</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rugby_league" title="Rugby league">Rugby league</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/North_American_Rugby_League" title="North American Rugby League">NARL</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Rugby_League" title="Cleveland Rugby League">Cleveland Rugby League</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">Rugby union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/USA_Rugby" title="USA Rugby">USARNC</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Columbus_RFC_(Ohio)" title="Columbus RFC (Ohio)">Columbus RFC</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dayton_Area_Rugby_Club" title="Dayton Area Rugby Club">Dayton Area Rugby Club</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Wolfhounds" title="Cincinnati Wolfhounds">Cincinnati Wolfhounds</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">Soccer</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Soccer" title="Major League Soccer">MLS</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Crew" title="Columbus Crew">Columbus Crew</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/FC_Cincinnati" title="FC Cincinnati">FC Cincinnati</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/MLS_Next_Pro" title="MLS Next Pro">MLSNP</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Crew_2" title="Columbus Crew 2">Columbus Crew 2</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/FC_Cincinnati_2" title="FC Cincinnati 2">FC Cincinnati 2</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/USL_League_Two" title="USL League Two">USL2</a></dt> <dd>Cleveland Force SC</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dayton_Dutch_Lions" title="Dayton Dutch Lions">Dayton Dutch Lions</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kings_Hammer_SC" class="mw-redirect" title="Kings Hammer SC">Kings Hammer SC</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Toledo_Villa_FC" title="Toledo Villa FC">Toledo Villa FC</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/National_Premier_Soccer_League" title="National Premier Soccer League">NPSL</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Akron_City_FC" title="Akron City FC">Akron City FC</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_SC" title="Cleveland SC">Cleveland SC</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Premier_Soccer_League" title="Women's Premier Soccer League">WPSL</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Ambassadors" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleveland Ambassadors">Cleveland Ambassadors</a></dd> <dd>Cincinnati Sirens</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Eagles_FC" title="Columbus Eagles FC">Columbus Eagles</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dayton_Dutch_Lions_WFC" title="Dayton Dutch Lions WFC">Dayton Dutch Lions WFC</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Indoor_Soccer_(2022-present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Major League Indoor Soccer (2022-present)">MLIS</a></dt> <dd>Cincinnati Swerve</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Crunch" title="Cleveland Crunch">Cleveland Crunch</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Volleyball" title="Volleyball">Volleyball</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Pro_Volleyball_Federation" title="Pro Volleyball Federation">PVF</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Fury" title="Columbus Fury">Columbus Fury</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australian_rules_football" title="Australian rules football">Australian rules football</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/United_States_Australian_Football_League" title="United States Australian Football League">USAFL</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Dockers" title="Cincinnati Dockers">Cincinnati Dockers</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_college_athletic_programs_in_Ohio" title="List of college athletic programs in Ohio">College athletics</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I" title="NCAA Division I">NCAA Division I</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akron_Zips" title="Akron Zips">Akron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowling_Green_Falcons" title="Bowling Green Falcons">Bowling Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Bearcats" title="Cincinnati Bearcats">Cincinnati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_State_Vikings" title="Cleveland State Vikings">Cleveland State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayton_Flyers" title="Dayton Flyers">Dayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kent_State_Golden_Flashes" title="Kent State Golden Flashes">Kent State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_RedHawks" title="Miami RedHawks">Miami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Bobcats" title="Ohio Bobcats">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_State_Buckeyes" title="Ohio State Buckeyes">Ohio State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo_Rockets" title="Toledo Rockets">Toledo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wright_State_Raiders" title="Wright State Raiders">Wright State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xavier_Musketeers" title="Xavier Musketeers">Xavier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youngstown_State_Penguins" title="Youngstown State Penguins">Youngstown State</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_City_of_Cleveland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cleveland" title="Template:Cleveland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cleveland" title="Template talk:Cleveland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cleveland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cleveland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_City_of_Cleveland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Cleveland%2C_Ohio.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cleveland%2C_Ohio.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Cleveland%2C_Ohio.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cleveland%2C_Ohio.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Cleveland%2C_Ohio.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cleveland%2C_Ohio.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">City of Cleveland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Cleveland" title="History of Cleveland">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Cleveland" title="Timeline of Cleveland">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Cleveland" title="Demographics of Cleveland">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Greater_Cleveland" title="Economy of Greater Cleveland">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mass_media_in_Cleveland" title="List of mass media in Cleveland">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Cleveland" title="Flag of Cleveland">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicknames_of_Cleveland" title="Nicknames of Cleveland">Nicknames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Cleveland" title="List of people from Cleveland">Notable people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_public_art_in_Cleveland" title="List of public art in Cleveland">Public art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Cleveland" title="List of tallest buildings in Cleveland">Skyscrapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuyahoga_County,_Ohio" title="Cuyahoga County, Ohio">Cuyahoga County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Cleveland" title="Greater Cleveland">MSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Ohio" title="Northeast Ohio">CSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Cleveland" title="Bibliography of Cleveland">Bibliography</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Local</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Cleveland" title="Mayor of Cleveland">Mayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_City_Council" title="Cleveland City Council">City Council</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_City_Hall" title="Cleveland City Hall">City Hall</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Metropolitan_School_District" title="Cleveland Metropolitan School District">Cleveland Metro School District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaker_Heights_City_School_District" title="Shaker Heights City School District">Shaker Heights City School District</a> (part)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">State</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frank_J._Lausche_State_Office_Building" title="Frank J. Lausche State Office Building">Lausche State Office Building</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Federal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_J._Celebrezze_Federal_Building" title="Anthony J. Celebrezze Federal Building">Celebrezze Federal Building</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_District_9" title="Coast Guard District 9">Coast Guard District 9</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Bank_of_Cleveland" title="Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland">Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Research_Center" title="Glenn Research Center">NASA Glenn Research Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_M._Metzenbaum_United_States_Courthouse" title="Howard M. Metzenbaum United States Courthouse">Metzenbaum U.S. Courthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_B._Stokes_United_States_Courthouse" title="Carl B. Stokes United States Courthouse">Stokes U.S. Courthouse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Public safety</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_EMS" title="Cleveland EMS">EMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Division_of_Fire" title="Cleveland Division of Fire">Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Division_of_Police" title="Cleveland Division of Police">Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Cleveland" title="Transportation in Cleveland">Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Land</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Cleveland_Regional_Transit_Authority" title="Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority">RTA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Memorial_Shoreway" title="Cleveland Memorial Shoreway">Shoreway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit%E2%80%93Superior_Bridge" title="Detroit–Superior Bridge">Detroit–Superior Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hope_Memorial_Bridge" title="Hope Memorial Bridge">Hope Memorial Bridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Air</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Burke_Lakefront_Airport" title="Cleveland Burke Lakefront Airport">Burke Lakefront Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Hopkins_International_Airport" title="Cleveland Hopkins International Airport">Hopkins International Airport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Water</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goodtime_III" title="Goodtime III">Goodtime III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Cleveland" title="Port of Cleveland">Port of Cleveland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Healthcare</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Clinic" title="Cleveland Clinic">Cleveland Clinic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Health_Education_Campus" title="Health Education Campus">Health Education Campus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Hospitals_Cleveland_Medical_Center" title="University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center">University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_Babies_%26_Children%27s_Hospital" title="Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital">Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MetroHealth" class="mw-redirect" title="MetroHealth">MetroHealth System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Vincent_Charity_Medical_Center" title="St. Vincent Charity Medical Center">St. Vincent Charity Medical Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Culture_of_Cleveland" title="Category:Culture of Cleveland">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cleveland" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Cleveland">Historic places</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_Club_of_Cleveland" title="City Club of Cleveland">City Club of Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Arcade" title="Cleveland Arcade">Cleveland Arcade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Public_Library" title="Cleveland Public Library">Cleveland Public Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Trust_Company_Building" title="Cleveland Trust Company Building">Cleveland Trust Company Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunham_Tavern" title="Dunham Tavern">Dunham Tavern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erie_Street_Cemetery" title="Erie Street Cemetery">Erie Street Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euclid_Avenue_(Cleveland)" title="Euclid Avenue (Cleveland)">Euclid Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grays_Armory" title="Grays Armory">Grays Armory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_View_Cemetery" title="Lake View Cemetery">Lake View Cemetery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Garfield_Memorial" title="James A. Garfield Memorial">James A. Garfield Memorial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perry_Monument_(Cleveland)" title="Perry Monument (Cleveland)">Perry Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Square,_Cleveland" title="Public Square, Cleveland">Public Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soldiers%27_and_Sailors%27_Monument_(Cleveland)" title="Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland)">Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terminal_Tower" title="Terminal Tower">Terminal Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Side_Market" title="West Side Market">West Side Market</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Cleveland" title="List of museums in Cleveland">Museums</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Christmas_Story_House" title="A Christmas Story House">A Christmas Story House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Reserve_Historical_Society" title="Western Reserve Historical Society">Cleveland History Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Museum_of_Art" title="Cleveland Museum of Art">Cleveland Museum of Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Museum_of_Natural_History" title="Cleveland Museum of Natural History">Cleveland Museum of Natural History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Museum_of_Cleveland" title="Children's Museum of Cleveland">Children's Museum of Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Hungarian_Museum" title="Cleveland Hungarian Museum">Cleveland Hungarian Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cozad%E2%80%93Bates_House" title="Cozad–Bates House">Cozad–Bates House Interpretive Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dittrick_Museum_of_Medical_History" title="Dittrick Museum of Medical History">Dittrick Museum of Medical History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Science_Center" title="Great Lakes Science Center">Great Lakes Science Center</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SS_William_G._Mather_(1925)" title="SS William G. Mather (1925)">Steamship William G. Mather Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Science_Center#NASA_Glenn_Visitor_Center" title="Great Lakes Science Center">NASA Glenn Visitors Center</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Women%27s_Air_%26_Space_Museum" title="International Women's Air & Space Museum">International Women's Air & Space Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_American_Museum_of_Cleveland" title="Italian American Museum of Cleveland">Italian American Museum of Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Bank_of_Cleveland#Learning_Center_and_Money_Museum" title="Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland">Learning Center and Money Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Contemporary_Art_Cleveland" title="Museum of Contemporary Art Cleveland">Museum of Contemporary Art Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame" title="Rock and Roll Hall of Fame">Rock and Roll Hall of Fame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Museum-Archives" title="Ukrainian Museum-Archives">Ukrainian Museum-Archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Cod" title="USS Cod">USS <i>Cod</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Parks and nature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Botanical_Garden" title="Cleveland Botanical Garden">Cleveland Botanical Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Metroparks" title="Cleveland Metroparks">Cleveland Metroparks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Metroparks_Zoo" title="Cleveland Metroparks Zoo">Cleveland Metroparks Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuyahoga_River" title="Cuyahoga River">Cuyahoga River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Park,_Cleveland" title="Gordon Park, Cleveland">Gordon Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Cleveland_Aquarium" title="Greater Cleveland Aquarium">Greater Cleveland Aquarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Erie" title="Lake Erie">Lake Erie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Foundation_Centennial_Lake_Link_Trail" title="Cleveland Foundation Centennial Lake Link Trail">Lake Link Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mall_(Cleveland)" title="The Mall (Cleveland)">The Mall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Park" title="Rockefeller Park">Rockefeller Park</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Cultural_Gardens" title="Cleveland Cultural Gardens">Cleveland Cultural Gardens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wade_Park,_Cleveland" title="Wade Park, Cleveland">Wade Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willard_Park,_Cleveland" title="Willard Park, Cleveland">Willard Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Performing arts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Ballet_(founded_2014)" title="Cleveland Ballet (founded 2014)">Cleveland Ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Cinematheque" title="Cleveland Cinematheque">Cleveland Cinematheque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Orchestra" title="Cleveland Orchestra">Cleveland Orchestra</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Severance_Hall" title="Severance Hall">Severance Hall</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Playhouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleveland Playhouse">Cleveland Playhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Public_Theatre" title="Cleveland Public Theatre">Cleveland Public Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Theater" title="Great Lakes Theater">Great Lakes Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karamu_House" title="Karamu House">Karamu House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltz_Performing_Arts_Center" title="Maltz Performing Arts Center">Maltz Performing Arts Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near_West_Theatre" title="Near West Theatre">Near West Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playhouse_Square" title="Playhouse Square">Playhouse Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talespinner_Children%27s_Theatre" title="Talespinner Children's Theatre">Talespinner Children's Theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Sports, concert,<br />and convention venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agora_Theatre_and_Ballroom" title="Agora Theatre and Ballroom">Agora Theatre and Ballroom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Masonic_Temple" title="Cleveland Masonic Temple">Cleveland Masonic Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntington_Bank_Field" title="Huntington Bank Field">Huntington Bank Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntington_Convention_Center_of_Cleveland" title="Huntington Convention Center of Cleveland">Huntington Convention Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I-X_Center" title="I-X Center">I-X Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobs_Pavilion" title="Jacobs Pavilion">Jacobs Pavilion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Field" title="Progressive Field">Progressive Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Auditorium" title="Public Auditorium">Public Auditorium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocket_Mortgage_FieldHouse" title="Rocket Mortgage FieldHouse">Rocket Mortgage FieldHouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolstein_Center" title="Wolstein Center">Wolstein Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Feast_of_the_Assumption_Festival" title="Cleveland Feast of the Assumption Festival">Feast of the Assumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Amigus-dyngus#Cleveland,_Ohio" title="Śmigus-dyngus">Dyngus Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_International_Film_Festival" title="Cleveland International Film Festival">International Film Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Kurentovanje" title="Cleveland Kurentovanje">Kurentovanje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Patrick%27s_Day_in_the_United_States#Cleveland,_Ohio" title="Saint Patrick's Day in the United States">Saint Patrick's Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweetest_Day" title="Sweetest Day">Sweetest Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Thyagaraja_Festival" title="Cleveland Thyagaraja Festival">Thyagaraja Festival</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Neighborhoods_in_Cleveland" title="Neighborhoods in Cleveland">Neighborhoods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broadway%E2%80%93Slavic_Village" title="Broadway–Slavic Village">Broadway–Slavic Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Centre" title="Brooklyn Centre">Brooklyn Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckeye%E2%80%93Shaker" title="Buckeye–Shaker">Buckeye–Shaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckeye%E2%80%93Woodhill" title="Buckeye–Woodhill">Buckeye–Woodhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central,_Cleveland" title="Central, Cleveland">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clark%E2%80%93Fulton" title="Clark–Fulton">Clark–Fulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collinwood" title="Collinwood">Collinwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cudell,_Cleveland" title="Cudell, Cleveland">Cudell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuyahoga_Valley,_Cleveland" title="Cuyahoga Valley, Cleveland">Cuyahoga Valley</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Flats" title="The Flats">The Flats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whiskey_Island_(Cleveland)" title="Whiskey Island (Cleveland)">Whiskey Island</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit%E2%80%93Shoreway" title="Detroit–Shoreway">Detroit–Shoreway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Cleveland" title="Downtown Cleveland">Downtown</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Campus_District" title="Campus District">Campus District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_Center_(Cleveland)" title="Civic Center (Cleveland)">Civic Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_4th_Street_(Cleveland)" title="East 4th Street (Cleveland)">East 4th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gateway_Sports_and_Entertainment_Complex" title="Gateway Sports and Entertainment Complex">Gateway District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine-Twelve_District" title="Nine-Twelve District">Nine-Twelve District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Coast_Harbor" title="North Coast Harbor">North Coast Harbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Cleveland#Short_Vincent" title="Downtown Cleveland">Short Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Cleveland#Superior_Arts_District" title="Downtown Cleveland">Superior Arts District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warehouse_District,_Cleveland" title="Warehouse District, Cleveland">Warehouse District</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgewater,_Cleveland" title="Edgewater, Cleveland">Edgewater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euclid%E2%80%93Green" title="Euclid–Green">Euclid–Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairfax,_Cleveland" title="Fairfax, Cleveland">Fairfax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenville,_Cleveland" title="Glenville, Cleveland">Glenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodrich%E2%80%93Kirtland_Park" title="Goodrich–Kirtland Park">Goodrich–Kirtland Park</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asiatown,_Cleveland" title="Asiatown, Cleveland">Asiatown</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hough,_Cleveland" title="Hough, Cleveland">Hough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinsman,_Cleveland" title="Kinsman, Cleveland">Kinsman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee%E2%80%93Miles" title="Lee–Miles">Lee–Miles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Pleasant,_Cleveland" title="Mount Pleasant, Cleveland">Mount Pleasant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_City,_Cleveland" title="Ohio City, Cleveland">Ohio City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Brooklyn" title="Old Brooklyn">Old Brooklyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Clair%E2%80%93Superior" title="St. Clair–Superior">St. Clair–Superior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockyards,_Cleveland" title="Stockyards, Cleveland">Stockyards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tremont,_Cleveland" title="Tremont, Cleveland">Tremont</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tremont,_Cleveland#Duck_Island" title="Tremont, Cleveland">Duck Island</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union%E2%80%93Miles_Park" title="Union–Miles Park">Union–Miles Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Circle" title="University Circle">University Circle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_Circle#Little_Italy" title="University Circle">Little Italy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Boulevard" title="West Boulevard">West Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Park,_Cleveland" title="West Park, Cleveland">West Park</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bellaire%E2%80%93Puritas,_Cleveland" title="Bellaire–Puritas, Cleveland">Bellaire–Puritas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopkins,_Cleveland" title="Hopkins, Cleveland">Hopkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson,_Cleveland" title="Jefferson, Cleveland">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamm%27s_Corners" title="Kamm's Corners">Kamm's Corners</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Cleveland" title="Sports in Cleveland">Sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Major League</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>NFL:</b> <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Browns" title="Cleveland Browns">Cleveland Browns</a></li> <li><b>NBA:</b> <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Cavaliers" title="Cleveland Cavaliers">Cleveland Cavaliers</a></li> <li><b>MLB:</b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cleveland Guardians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Minor League</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>G League:</b> <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Charge" title="Cleveland Charge">Cleveland Charge</a></li> <li><b>MLIS:</b> <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Crunch" title="Cleveland Crunch">Cleveland Crunch</a></li> <li><b>AHL:</b> <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Monsters" title="Cleveland Monsters">Cleveland Monsters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">College</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>NCAA D1 (Horizon League): </b> <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_State_Vikings" title="Cleveland State Vikings">Cleveland State Vikings</a></li> <li><b>NCAA D3 (UAA): </b> <a href="/wiki/Case_Western_Reserve_Spartans" title="Case Western Reserve Spartans">Case Western Reserve Spartans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sports_properties_owned_by_David_Blitzer" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:David_Blitzer" title="Template:David Blitzer"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:David_Blitzer" title="Template talk:David Blitzer"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:David_Blitzer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:David Blitzer"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sports_properties_owned_by_David_Blitzer" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Sports properties owned by <a href="/wiki/David_Blitzer" title="David Blitzer">David Blitzer</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>Year of acquisition listed; equity stake included if known</i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Majority stake</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_76ers" title="Philadelphia 76ers">Philadelphia 76ers</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Devils" title="New Jersey Devils">New Jersey Devils</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.D._Estoril_Praia" title="G.D. Estoril Praia">G.D. Estoril Praia</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_Alcorc%C3%B3n" title="AD Alcorcón">AD Alcorcón</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S.K._Beveren" title="S.K. Beveren">S.K. Beveren</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADO_Den_Haag" title="ADO Den Haag">ADO Den Haag</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Salt_Lake" title="Real Salt Lake">Real Salt Lake</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Br%C3%B8ndby_IF" title="Brøndby IF">Brøndby IF</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utah_Royals" title="Utah Royals">Utah Royals</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minority stake / other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Blue_Coats" title="Delaware Blue Coats">Delaware Blue Coats</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Palace_F.C." title="Crystal Palace F.C.">Crystal Palace</a> (18%, 2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dignitas_(esports)" title="Dignitas (esports)">Dignitas</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FC_Augsburg" title="FC Augsburg">FC Augsburg</a> (45%, 2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utica_Comets" title="Utica Comets">Utica Comets</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Monarchs" title="Real Monarchs">Real Monarchs</a> (2022)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cleveland Guardians</a> (25%, 2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Gibbs_Racing" title="Joe Gibbs Racing">Joe Gibbs Racing</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Commanders" title="Washington Commanders">Washington Commanders</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_Links_Golf_Club" class="mw-redirect" title="Jupiter Links Golf Club">Jupiter Links Golf Club</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former stake</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albany_Devils" title="Albany Devils">Albany Devils</a> (2013–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scranton/Wilkes-Barre_RailRiders" title="Scranton/Wilkes-Barre RailRiders">Scranton/Wilkes-Barre RailRiders</a> (12.5%, 2014–2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binghamton_Devils" title="Binghamton Devils">Binghamton Devils</a> (2017–2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Steelers" title="Pittsburgh Steelers">Pittsburgh Steelers</a> (2.4%, 2020–2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prudential_Center" title="Prudential Center">Prudential Center</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_76ers_Training_Complex" title="Philadelphia 76ers Training Complex">Philadelphia 76ers Training Complex</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/America_First_Field" title="America First Field">America First Field</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zions_Bank_Stadium" title="Zions Bank Stadium">Zions Bank Stadium</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/76_Place_at_Market_East" title="76 Place at Market East">76 Place at Market East</a> (planned 2031)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harris_Blitzer_Sports_%26_Entertainment" title="Harris Blitzer Sports & Entertainment">Harris Blitzer Sports & Entertainment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:David_Blitzer" title="Category:David Blitzer">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 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.navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/19px-Baseball.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/29px-Baseball.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/38px-Baseball.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="520" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Baseball" title="Portal:Baseball">Baseball</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Ohio.svg/21px-Flag_of_Ohio.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Ohio.svg/32px-Flag_of_Ohio.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Ohio.svg/42px-Flag_of_Ohio.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="320" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ohio" title="Portal:Ohio">Ohio</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/133818401">2</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/139681774">3</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/649543/">FAST</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/571093/">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Cleveland Indians (Baseball team)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82104292">United States</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Cleveland Guardians 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