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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Caratteristiche" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caratteristiche"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Caratteristiche</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caratteristiche-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Classificazione_degli_idrocarburi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classificazione_degli_idrocarburi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Classificazione degli idrocarburi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Classificazione_degli_idrocarburi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Classificazione degli idrocarburi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Classificazione_degli_idrocarburi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Idrocarburi_alifatici" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Idrocarburi_alifatici"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Idrocarburi alifatici</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Idrocarburi_alifatici-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Idrocarburi_aromatici" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Idrocarburi_aromatici"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Idrocarburi aromatici</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Idrocarburi_aromatici-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Proprietà" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Proprietà"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Proprietà</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Proprietà-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Proprietà</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Proprietà-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Stato_di_aggregazione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stato_di_aggregazione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Stato di aggregazione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stato_di_aggregazione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stabilità/reattività" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stabilità/reattività"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Stabilità/reattività</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stabilità/reattività-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Polarità" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Polarità"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Polarità</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Polarità-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Separazione_degli_idrocarburi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Separazione_degli_idrocarburi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Separazione degli idrocarburi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Separazione_degli_idrocarburi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Processi_chimici_che_coinvolgono_gli_idrocarburi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Processi_chimici_che_coinvolgono_gli_idrocarburi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Processi chimici che coinvolgono gli idrocarburi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Processi_chimici_che_coinvolgono_gli_idrocarburi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aspetti_economici_e_geopolitici" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aspetti_economici_e_geopolitici"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Aspetti economici e geopolitici</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aspetti_economici_e_geopolitici-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aspetti_sanitari" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aspetti_sanitari"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Aspetti sanitari</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aspetti_sanitari-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Idrocarburi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 103 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-103" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">103 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koolwaterstof" title="Koolwaterstof - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Koolwaterstof" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%80%E1%8B%AD%E1%8B%B5%E1%88%AE%E1%8A%AB%E1%88%AD%E1%89%A6%E1%8A%95" title="ሀይድሮካርቦን - amarico" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሀይድሮካርቦን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amarico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86" title="هيدروكربون - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هيدروكربون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrocarburu" title="Hidrocarburu - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Hidrocarburu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbohidrogenl%C9%99r" title="Karbohidrogenlər - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Karbohidrogenlər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86" title="هیدروکربون - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هیدروکربون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuinwossastoffe" title="Kuinwossastoffe - bavarese" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Kuinwossastoffe" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavarese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrokarburo" title="Hidrokarburo - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Hidrokarburo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Вуглевадароды - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вуглевадароды" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Вуглевадароды - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вуглевадароды" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Въглеводород - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Въглеводород" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8" title="হাইড্রোকার্বন - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হাইড্রোকার্বন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrokarbon" title="Hidrokarbon - bretone" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Hidrokarbon" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugljikovodik" title="Ugljikovodik - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ugljikovodik" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrocarbur" title="Hidrocarbur - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hidrocarbur" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%86%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%86%D9%86" title="ھایدرۆکاربۆن - curdo centrale" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھایدرۆکاربۆن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo centrale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uhlovod%C3%ADky" title="Uhlovodíky - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Uhlovodíky" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80o%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Гидрoкарбон - ciuvascio" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Гидрoкарбон" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrocarbon" title="Hydrocarbon - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Hydrocarbon" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulbrinte" title="Kulbrinte - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kulbrinte" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohlenwasserstoffe" title="Kohlenwasserstoffe - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kohlenwasserstoffe" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A5%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B8%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Υδρογονάνθρακες - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Υδρογονάνθρακες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrocarbon" title="Hydrocarbon - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hydrocarbon" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrokarbonido" title="Hidrokarbonido - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Hidrokarbonido" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrocarburo" title="Hidrocarburo - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hidrocarburo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCsivesinikud" title="Süsivesinikud - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Süsivesinikud" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrokarburo" title="Hidrokarburo - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hidrokarburo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%86" title="هیدروکربن - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هیدروکربن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiilivedyt" title="Hiilivedyt - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hiilivedyt" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrocarbure" title="Hydrocarbure - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hydrocarbure" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6%C3%B6lweederstoof" title="Köölweederstoof - frisone settentrionale" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Köölweederstoof" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisone settentrionale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidreacarb%C3%B3n" title="Hidreacarbón - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Hidreacarbón" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrocarburo" title="Hidrocarburo - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Hidrocarburo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B9%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%87%E0%AA%A1%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AC%E0%AA%A8" title="હાઇડ્રોકાર્બન - gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="હાઇડ્રોકાર્બન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A0n-kh%C3%AEn_Fa-ha%CC%8Dp-vu%CC%8Dt" title="Thàn-khîn Fa-ha̍p-vu̍t - hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Thàn-khîn Fa-ha̍p-vu̍t" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%9F" title="פחמימן - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פחמימן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A8" title="हाइड्रोकार्बन - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हाइड्रोकार्बन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugljikovodici" title="Ugljikovodici - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ugljikovodici" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idwokabi" title="Idwokabi - creolo haitiano" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Idwokabi" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="creolo haitiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C3%A9nhidrog%C3%A9nek" title="Szénhidrogének - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szénhidrogének" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AE%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%BB%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AE%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Ածխաջրածիններ - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ածխաջրածիններ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrokarbon" title="Hidrokarbon - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hidrokarbon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrokarbido" title="Hidrokarbido - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Hidrokarbido" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolvetni_(l%C3%ADfr%C3%A6n_efnafr%C3%A6%C3%B0i)" title="Kolvetni (lífræn efnafræði) - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kolvetni (lífræn efnafræði)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%82%AD%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%B4%E7%B4%A0" title="炭化水素 - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="炭化水素" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrokarbon" title="Hidrokarbon - giavanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Hidrokarbon" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="giavanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AC%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ნახშირწყალბადი - georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნახშირწყალბადი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80%D1%81%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Көмірсутек - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Көмірсутек" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81" title="ಹೈಡ್ರೊಕಾರ್ಬನ್ನುಗಳು - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹೈಡ್ರೊಕಾರ್ಬನ್ನುಗಳು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%83%84%ED%99%94%EC%88%98%EC%86%8C" title="탄화수소 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="탄화수소" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrocarboneum" title="Hydrocarboneum - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hydrocarboneum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuelewaasserstoffer" title="Kuelewaasserstoffer - lussemburghese" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Kuelewaasserstoffer" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lussemburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angliavandenilis" title="Angliavandenilis - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Angliavandenilis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Og%C4%BC%C5%ABde%C5%86ra%C5%BEi" title="Ogļūdeņraži - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ogļūdeņraži" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akoranafo" title="Akoranafo - malgascio" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Akoranafo" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Јаглеводород - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јаглеводород" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE" title="ഹൈഡ്രോകാർബണുകൾ - malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹൈഡ്രോകാർബണുകൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D3%A9%D0%B3%D1%87" title="Нүүрсустөрөгч - mongolo" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Нүүрсустөрөгч" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95" title="कर्बोदक - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कर्बोदक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrokarbon" title="Hidrokarbon - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hidrokarbon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%92%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%98%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="ဟိုက်ဒရိုကာဘွန် - birmano" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဟိုက်ဒရိုကာဘွန်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A8" title="हाइड्रोकार्बन - nepalese" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="हाइड्रोकार्बन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koolwaterstof" title="Koolwaterstof - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Koolwaterstof" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrokarbon" title="Hydrokarbon - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hydrokarbon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrokarbon" title="Hydrokarbon - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hydrokarbon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idrocarbur" title="Idrocarbur - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Idrocarbur" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haayidirookaarboonii" title="Haayidirookaarboonii - oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Haayidirookaarboonii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%82%C3%A6" title="Æвзалыдонгуыртæ - ossetico" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Æвзалыдонгуыртæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A8" title="ਹਾਈਡਰੋਕਾਰਬਨ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹਾਈਡਰੋਕਾਰਬਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C4%99glowodory" title="Węglowodory - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Węglowodory" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%DA%88%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%86" title="ہائیڈروکاربن - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہائیڈروکاربن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrocarboneto" title="Hidrocarboneto - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hidrocarboneto" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrocarbur%C4%83" title="Hidrocarbură - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Hidrocarbură" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Углеводороды - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Углеводороды" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Гидрокарбоны - ruteno" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Гидрокарбоны" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruteno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idrucarburu" title="Idrucarburu - siciliano" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Idrucarburu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrocaurbon" title="Hydrocaurbon - scozzese" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Hydrocaurbon" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugljikovodici" title="Ugljikovodici - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ugljikovodici" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B6%E0%B6%B1" title="හයිඩ්‍රොකාබන - singalese" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="හයිඩ්‍රොකාබන" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrocarbon" title="Hydrocarbon - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hydrocarbon" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uh%C4%BEovod%C3%ADk" title="Uhľovodík - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Uhľovodík" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogljikovodik" title="Ogljikovodik - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ogljikovodik" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haaydarokaarboon" title="Haaydarokaarboon - somalo" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Haaydarokaarboon" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrokarburet" title="Hidrokarburet - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Hidrokarburet" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D1%99%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Угљоводоник - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Угљоводоник" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrokarbon" title="Hidrokarbon - sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Hidrokarbon" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolv%C3%A4te" title="Kolväte - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kolväte" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrokaboni" title="Hidrokaboni - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Hidrokaboni" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="நீரகக்கரிமம் - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நீரகக்கரிமம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B9%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="హైడ్రోకార్బన్ - telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="హైడ్రోకార్బన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AE%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99" title="ไฮโดรคาร์บอน - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไฮโดรคาร์บอน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrokarburo" title="Hidrokarburo - tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Hidrokarburo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrokarbon" title="Hidrokarbon - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hidrokarbon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Углеводородлар - tataro" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Углеводородлар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tataro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Вуглеводні - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вуглеводні" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%DA%88%D8%B1%D9%88_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%86" title="ہائیڈرو کاربن - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ہائیڈرو کاربن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uglevodorodlar" title="Uglevodorodlar - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Uglevodorodlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrocarbon" title="Hydrocarbon - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hydrocarbon" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrokarburo" title="Hidrokarburo - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Hidrokarburo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%83" title="烃 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="烃" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%83" title="烃 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="烃" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%B2a%E2%81%BF-h%C3%B2a_ch%C3%BAi-s%C3%B2%CD%98" title="Thòaⁿ-hòa chúi-sò͘ - min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Thòaⁿ-hòa chúi-sò͘" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%B4" title="烴 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="烴" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q43648#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Idrocarburi" title="Vedi la voce [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Voce</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussione:Idrocarburi" rel="discussion" title="Vedi le discussioni relative a questa pagina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussione</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Cambia versione linguistica" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">italiano</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visite"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Idrocarburi"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=history" title="Versioni precedenti di questa pagina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav 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data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Strumenti</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Altre opzioni" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Azioni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Idrocarburi"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=history"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generale </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PuntanoQui/Idrocarburi" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine che sono collegate a questa [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Puntano qui</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:ModificheCorrelate/Idrocarburi" rel="nofollow" title="Elenco delle ultime modifiche alle pagine collegate a questa [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Modifiche correlate</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PagineSpeciali" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine speciali [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pagine speciali</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&oldid=141466285" title="Collegamento permanente a questa versione di questa pagina"><span>Link permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=info" title="Ulteriori informazioni su questa pagina"><span>Informazioni pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a 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class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Methane-2D-stereo.svg/110px-Methane-2D-stereo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Methane-2D-stereo.svg/165px-Methane-2D-stereo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Methane-2D-stereo.svg/220px-Methane-2D-stereo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="528" /></a><figcaption>La struttura di una molecola di metano, il più semplice idrocarburo della classe degli alcani.</figcaption></figure> <p>Gli <b>idrocarburi</b> sono <a href="/wiki/Composti_organici" class="mw-redirect" title="Composti organici">composti organici</a> che contengono soltanto <a href="/wiki/Atomi" class="mw-redirect" title="Atomi">atomi</a> di <a href="/wiki/Carbonio" title="Carbonio">carbonio</a> e di <a href="/wiki/Idrogeno" title="Idrogeno">idrogeno</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Solom42_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Solom42-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ampiamente usati come <a href="/wiki/Combustibile" title="Combustibile">combustibili</a>, la loro principale fonte in natura è di origine <a href="/wiki/Combustibili_fossili" class="mw-redirect" title="Combustibili fossili">fossile</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Caratteristiche">Caratteristiche</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Caratteristiche" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Caratteristiche"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gli atomi di carbonio (C) sono legati tra loro a formare lo scheletro della molecola, mentre gli atomi di idrogeno (H) sporgono da questo scheletro. Gli idrocarburi sono l'unica categoria di composti organici privi del <a href="/wiki/Gruppo_funzionale" title="Gruppo funzionale">gruppo funzionale</a>, sono infatti composti solamente da atomi di idrogeno e carbonio. </p><p>All'aumentare del numero di atomi di carbonio presenti nella catena idrocarburica aumenta il numero di composti idrocarburici possibili. La catena più corta possibile è composta da un solo atomo di carbonio, a cui corrisponde il <a href="/wiki/Metano" title="Metano">metano</a>, avente <a href="/wiki/Formula_bruta" title="Formula bruta">formula bruta</a> CH<sub>4</sub>. </p><p>Gli idrocarburi aventi due atomi di carbonio sono tre: </p> <ul><li>l'<a href="/wiki/Etano" title="Etano">etano</a>, di formula C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub></li> <li>l'<a href="/wiki/Etene" class="mw-redirect" title="Etene">etene</a> (o etilene), C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub></li> <li>l'<a href="/wiki/Etino" class="mw-redirect" title="Etino">etino</a> (o acetilene), C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>.</li></ul> <p>Questi tre idrocarburi si differenziano per il numero di legami che tengono uniti i due atomi di carbonio contigui: un legame (per cui si parla di "legame semplice") nel caso dell'etano, due legami ("legame doppio") nel caso dell'etilene e tre legami ("legame triplo") nel caso dell'acetilene. Nella struttura di un generico idrocarburo ogni atomo di carbonio usa da uno a tre <a href="/wiki/Elettroni" class="mw-redirect" title="Elettroni">elettroni</a> di <a href="/wiki/Valenza_(chimica)" title="Valenza (chimica)">valenza</a> per formare legami con il carbonio adiacente, mentre i restanti elettroni di valenza del carbonio sono utilizzati per formare i legami con gli atomi di idrogeno. All'interno della molecola idrocarburica possono esserci comunque degli atomi di carbonio a cui non sono legati atomi di idrogeno, ma solo altri atomi di carbonio (un esempio è l'atomo di carbonio centrale della molecola di <a href="/wiki/Neopentano" title="Neopentano">neopentano</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classificazione_degli_idrocarburi">Classificazione degli idrocarburi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Classificazione degli idrocarburi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Classificazione degli idrocarburi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Una prima distinzione tra i vari idrocarburi si riferisce al loro <a href="/wiki/Stato_della_materia" title="Stato della materia">stato fisico</a> nelle condizioni di <a href="/wiki/Pressione" title="Pressione">pressione</a> e di <a href="/wiki/Temperatura" title="Temperatura">temperatura</a> ambientali e cioè: </p> <ul><li>Idrocarburi <a href="/wiki/Solidi" class="mw-redirect" title="Solidi">solidi</a> o semisolidi: costituenti dell'<a href="/wiki/Asfalto" title="Asfalto">asfalto</a>, del <a href="/wiki/Bitume" title="Bitume">bitume</a>, cere paraffiniche, ecc.</li> <li>Idrocarburi <a href="/wiki/Liquidi" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquidi">liquidi</a>: costituenti del <a href="/wiki/Petrolio" title="Petrolio">petrolio</a> (grezzo), <a href="/wiki/Benzene" title="Benzene">benzene</a>, <a href="/wiki/Esano" title="Esano">esano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottano" title="Ottano">ottano</a>, ecc.</li> <li>Idrocarburi <a href="/wiki/Gas" title="Gas">gassosi</a>: <a href="/wiki/Metano" title="Metano">metano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Etano" title="Etano">etano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Propano" title="Propano">propano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Butano" title="Butano">butano</a>, ecc.</li></ul> <p>Dal punto di vista delle proprietà chimiche, gli idrocarburi si distinguono in due classi principali: </p> <ul><li>idrocarburi <a href="/wiki/Composti_aromatici" title="Composti aromatici">aromatici</a>: dotati di "aromaticità", una proprietà chimica impartita da un <a href="/wiki/Benzene" title="Benzene">anello benzenico</a>, che li rende particolarmente stabili;<sup id="cite_ref-Solom42_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Solom42-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>idrocarburi <a href="/wiki/Composti_alifatici" title="Composti alifatici">alifatici</a>: non dotati di aromaticità.</li></ul> <p>Le varie tipologie di idrocarburi (alcani, alcheni, ecc.) descritte di seguito vengono dette "serie omologhe". </p><p>La classificazione qui descritta non vuole essere esaustiva, infatti esistono tante tipologie di idrocarburi non bene classificabili, quali ad esempio i <a href="/wiki/Catenani" title="Catenani">catenani</a>, che sono costituiti da più anelli inseriti l'uno nell'altro in modo che ognuno possa muoversi indipendentemente dall'altro ma senza "sciogliersi" (in maniera analoga agli anelli di una catena in acciaio, da cui il nome).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Idrocarburi_alifatici">Idrocarburi alifatici</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Idrocarburi alifatici" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Idrocarburi alifatici"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r130657691">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .vedi-anche{font-size:95%}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139142988">.mw-parser-output .hatnote-content{align-items:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{font-style:italic}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote{border:1px solid #CCC;display:flex;margin:.5em 0;padding:.2em .5em}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{padding-left:.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{padding-right:8px}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{height:auto;width:16px}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new{color:#d73333}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new:visited{color:#a55858}</style> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Composti_alifatici" title="Composti alifatici">Composti alifatici</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>A seconda dei tipi di legame C-C presenti nella molecola (singolo, doppio o triplo) e della loro geometria (lineare, ramificata, ciclica), gli idrocarburi alifatici si dividono inoltre in:<sup id="cite_ref-Solom42_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Solom42-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><b>idrocarburi saturi</b>: con soli legami singoli C-C<sup id="cite_ref-Cal445-446_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cal445-446-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcani" title="Alcani">alcani</a> (o paraffine): idrocarburi saturi non ciclici, cioè aventi una <a href="/wiki/Scheletro_carbonioso" title="Scheletro carbonioso">catena</a> non richiusa su sé stessa; hanno formula generale C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n+2</sub>. A loro volta possono essere lineari o ramificati, a seconda che gli atomi di carbonio si susseguano in maniera continua o con biforcazioni<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicloalcani" title="Cicloalcani">cicloalcani</a>: idrocarburi saturi ciclici, aventi formula generale C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n</sub><sup id="cite_ref-Solom93_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Solom93-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicicloalcani" title="Bicicloalcani">bicicloalcani</a>: idrocarburi saturi costituiti da due catene cicliche contigue<sup id="cite_ref-Solom93_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Solom93-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alchilcicloalcani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alchilcicloalcani (la pagina non esiste)">alchilcicloalcani</a>: idrocarburi saturi costituiti da una catena idrocarburica ciclica legata ad una catena non ciclica<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Butan_Lewis.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Formula di struttura del butano (un alcano)"><img alt="Formula di struttura del butano (un alcano)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Butan_Lewis.svg/120px-Butan_Lewis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Butan_Lewis.svg/180px-Butan_Lewis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Butan_Lewis.svg/240px-Butan_Lewis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="222" data-file-height="107" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Formula di struttura del <a href="/wiki/Butano" title="Butano">butano</a> (un <a href="/wiki/Alcano" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcano">alcano</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cyclopentane.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Formula di struttura del ciclopentano (un cicloalcano)"><img alt="Formula di struttura del ciclopentano (un cicloalcano)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Cyclopentane.svg/120px-Cyclopentane.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Cyclopentane.svg/180px-Cyclopentane.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Cyclopentane.svg/240px-Cyclopentane.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="147" data-file-height="130" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Formula di struttura del <a href="/wiki/Ciclopentano" title="Ciclopentano">ciclopentano</a> (un <a href="/wiki/Cicloalcano" class="mw-redirect" title="Cicloalcano">cicloalcano</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Trans-Decalin.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Formula di struttura della decalina (un bicicloalcano)"><img alt="Formula di struttura della decalina (un bicicloalcano)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Trans-Decalin.svg/120px-Trans-Decalin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Trans-Decalin.svg/180px-Trans-Decalin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Trans-Decalin.svg/240px-Trans-Decalin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="139" data-file-height="136" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Formula di struttura della <a href="/wiki/Decalina" title="Decalina">decalina</a> (un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bicicloalcano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bicicloalcano (la pagina non esiste)">bicicloalcano</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Methylcyclohexane.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Formula di struttura del metilcicloesano (un alchilcicloalcano)"><img alt="Formula di struttura del metilcicloesano (un alchilcicloalcano)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Methylcyclohexane.png/120px-Methylcyclohexane.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Methylcyclohexane.png/180px-Methylcyclohexane.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Methylcyclohexane.png/240px-Methylcyclohexane.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="822" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Formula di struttura del <a href="/wiki/Metilcicloesano" title="Metilcicloesano">metilcicloesano</a> (un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alchilcicloalcano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alchilcicloalcano (la pagina non esiste)">alchilcicloalcano</a>)</div> </li> </ul> <ul><li><b>idrocarburi insaturi</b>: contengono almeno un legame C-C multiplo (cioè doppio o triplo)<sup id="cite_ref-Cal445-446_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cal445-446-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. I legami formati da due o più atomi presenti nella catena del carbonio che costituisce lo scheletro della molecola hanno geometria trigonale perché sono ibridati sp<sup>2</sup>, oppure hanno geometria lineare perché sono ibridati sp; nello scheletro della molecola è presente almeno un doppio legame, σ + π; <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcheni" title="Alcheni">alcheni</a> (o olefine): non ciclici e con un legame doppio C=C, aventi formula generale C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n</sub></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieni" title="Dieni">dieni</a> (o alcadieni), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trieni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trieni (la pagina non esiste)">trieni</a> (o alcatrieni), <a href="/wiki/Polieni" title="Polieni">polieni</a>: non ciclici e aventi rispettivamente due, tre o molti legami doppi C=C</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicloalcheni" title="Cicloalcheni">cicloalcheni</a>: ciclici, con un legame doppio C=C, aventi formula generale C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n-2</sub></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alchini" title="Alchini">alchini</a>: non ciclici e con un legame triplo C≡C, aventi formula generale C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n-2</sub></li> <li>diini (o alcadiini), triini (o alcatriini), <a href="/wiki/Poliini" title="Poliini">poliini</a>: non ciclici e aventi rispettivamente due, tre o molti legami tripli C≡C</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicloalchini" title="Cicloalchini">cicloalchini</a>: ciclici, con un legame triplo, aventi formula generale C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n-4</sub>.</li> <li>ciclopolieni e ciclopoliini: ciclici e aventi rispettivamente più legami doppi C=C o più legami tripli C≡C</li> <li>se il composto contiene sia legami doppi che tripli si sommano i suffissi (es. alchenini)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cis-2-Buten.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Formula di struttura del butene (un alchene)"><img alt="Formula di struttura del butene (un alchene)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cis-2-Buten.svg/120px-Cis-2-Buten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cis-2-Buten.svg/180px-Cis-2-Buten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cis-2-Buten.svg/240px-Cis-2-Buten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="149" data-file-height="91" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Formula di struttura del <a href="/wiki/Butene" title="Butene">butene</a> (un <a href="/wiki/Alchene" class="mw-redirect" title="Alchene">alchene</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Butadi%C3%A8ne.PNG" class="mw-file-description" title="Formula di struttura del butadiene (un diene)"><img alt="Formula di struttura del butadiene (un diene)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Butadi%C3%A8ne.PNG/120px-Butadi%C3%A8ne.PNG" decoding="async" width="120" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Butadi%C3%A8ne.PNG/180px-Butadi%C3%A8ne.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Butadi%C3%A8ne.PNG/240px-Butadi%C3%A8ne.PNG 2x" data-file-width="683" data-file-height="435" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Formula di struttura del <a href="/wiki/Butadiene" title="Butadiene">butadiene</a> (un <a href="/wiki/Diene" class="mw-redirect" title="Diene">diene</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cyclohexen_-_Cyclohexene.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Formula di struttura del cicloesene (un cicloalchene)"><img alt="Formula di struttura del cicloesene (un cicloalchene)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Cyclohexen_-_Cyclohexene.svg/120px-Cyclohexen_-_Cyclohexene.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Cyclohexen_-_Cyclohexene.svg/180px-Cyclohexen_-_Cyclohexene.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Cyclohexen_-_Cyclohexene.svg/240px-Cyclohexen_-_Cyclohexene.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Formula di struttura del <a href="/wiki/Cicloesene" title="Cicloesene">cicloesene</a> (un <a href="/wiki/Cicloalchene" class="mw-redirect" title="Cicloalchene">cicloalchene</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Acetylene-2D.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Formula di struttura dell'acetilene (un alchino)"><img alt="Formula di struttura dell'acetilene (un alchino)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Acetylene-2D.svg/120px-Acetylene-2D.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Acetylene-2D.svg/180px-Acetylene-2D.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Acetylene-2D.svg/240px-Acetylene-2D.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="88" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Formula di struttura dell'<a href="/wiki/Acetilene" title="Acetilene">acetilene</a> (un <a href="/wiki/Alchino" class="mw-redirect" title="Alchino">alchino</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ichthyothereol_skeletal.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Formula di struttura dell'ittiotereolo (un poliino)"><img alt="Formula di struttura dell'ittiotereolo (un poliino)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ichthyothereol_skeletal.png/120px-Ichthyothereol_skeletal.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ichthyothereol_skeletal.png/180px-Ichthyothereol_skeletal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ichthyothereol_skeletal.png/240px-Ichthyothereol_skeletal.png 2x" data-file-width="1703" data-file-height="625" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Formula di struttura dell'ittiotereolo (un <a href="/wiki/Poliini" title="Poliini">poliino</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cyclooctyne.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Formula di struttura del cicloottino (un cicloalchino)"><img alt="Formula di struttura del cicloottino (un cicloalchino)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Cyclooctyne.svg/116px-Cyclooctyne.svg.png" decoding="async" width="116" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Cyclooctyne.svg/174px-Cyclooctyne.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Cyclooctyne.svg/231px-Cyclooctyne.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="135" data-file-height="140" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Formula di struttura del <a href="/wiki/Cicloottino" title="Cicloottino">cicloottino</a> (un <a href="/wiki/Cicloalchino" class="mw-redirect" title="Cicloalchino">cicloalchino</a>) </div> </li> </ul> <p>Gli idrocarburi alifatici ciclici sono detti <a href="/wiki/Composti_aliciclici" title="Composti aliciclici">idrocarburi aliciclici</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Idrocarburi_aromatici">Idrocarburi aromatici</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Idrocarburi aromatici" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Idrocarburi aromatici"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r130657691"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988"> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Composti_aromatici" title="Composti aromatici">Composti aromatici</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>A seconda del tipo di struttura, gli idrocarburi aromatici si possono dividere in: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benzene" title="Benzene">benzene</a> e derivati</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idrocarburi_policiclici_aromatici" title="Idrocarburi policiclici aromatici">idrocarburi aromatici polinucleati</a> (o "policiclici")</li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benzene-6H-delocalized.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Formula di struttura del benzene (un idrocarburo aromatico)"><img alt="Formula di struttura del benzene (un idrocarburo aromatico)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Benzene-6H-delocalized.svg/120px-Benzene-6H-delocalized.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Benzene-6H-delocalized.svg/180px-Benzene-6H-delocalized.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Benzene-6H-delocalized.svg/240px-Benzene-6H-delocalized.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Formula di struttura del <a href="/wiki/Benzene" title="Benzene">benzene</a> (un idrocarburo aromatico)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cumol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Formula di struttura del cumene (un derivato del benzene)"><img alt="Formula di struttura del cumene (un derivato del benzene)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Cumol.svg/112px-Cumol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="112" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Cumol.svg/168px-Cumol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Cumol.svg/224px-Cumol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="148" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Formula di struttura del <a href="/wiki/Cumene" title="Cumene">cumene</a> (un derivato del benzene)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anthracen.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Formula di struttura dell'antracene (un idrocarburo aromatico polinucleato)"><img alt="Formula di struttura dell'antracene (un idrocarburo aromatico polinucleato)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Anthracen.svg/120px-Anthracen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Anthracen.svg/180px-Anthracen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Anthracen.svg/240px-Anthracen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="208" data-file-height="81" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Formula di struttura dell'<a href="/wiki/Antracene" title="Antracene">antracene</a> (un idrocarburo aromatico polinucleato)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Proprietà"><span id="Propriet.C3.A0"></span>Proprietà</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Proprietà" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Proprietà"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In generale per gli alcani aciclici, quelli con <a href="/wiki/Peso_molecolare" class="mw-redirect" title="Peso molecolare">peso molecolare</a> simile hanno proprietà chimico-fisiche simili. </p><p>Esistono in natura varie <a href="/wiki/Miscela_(chimica)" class="mw-redirect" title="Miscela (chimica)">miscele</a> di idrocarburi, con caratteristiche chimico-fisiche intermedie fra una categoria e l'altra. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stato_di_aggregazione">Stato di aggregazione</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Stato di aggregazione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Stato di aggregazione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gas_bottles_for_portable_stove.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Gas_bottles_for_portable_stove.jpg/150px-Gas_bottles_for_portable_stove.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Gas_bottles_for_portable_stove.jpg/225px-Gas_bottles_for_portable_stove.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Gas_bottles_for_portable_stove.jpg/300px-Gas_bottles_for_portable_stove.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1270" data-file-height="946" /></a><figcaption>Bombole contenenti <a href="/wiki/Gas_di_petrolio_liquefatto" class="mw-redirect" title="Gas di petrolio liquefatto">GPL</a>, una miscela di idrocarburi normalmente gassosi mantenuti allo stato liquido dalle elevate pressioni in cui si trovano.</figcaption></figure> <p>Lo stato di aggregazione degli idrocarburi (a temperatura e pressione ambiente) dipende dal loro peso molecolare: gli idrocarburi aventi peso molecolare minore (ad esempio <a href="/wiki/Metano" title="Metano">metano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Etano" title="Etano">etano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Propano" title="Propano">propano</a>) si trovano allo stato gassoso, quelli con peso molecolare più elevato (ad esempio <a href="/wiki/Benzene" title="Benzene">benzene</a>, <a href="/wiki/Esano" title="Esano">esano</a> e <a href="/wiki/Ottano" title="Ottano">ottano</a>) sono liquidi e quelli aventi peso molecolare ancora più elevato sono solidi cerosi. </p><p>Spesso gli idrocarburi che a temperatura e pressione sono sotto forma di gas vengono mantenuti all'interno di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Recipienti_in_pressione&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Recipienti in pressione (la pagina non esiste)">recipienti in pressione</a> (ad esempio in <a href="/wiki/Bombola" title="Bombola">bombole</a>), in modo da conservarli in volumi più ristretti. Infatti, a parità di temperatura e <a href="/wiki/Quantit%C3%A0_di_sostanza" title="Quantità di sostanza">quantità di sostanza</a>, all'aumentare della pressione diminuisce il volume occupato da un gas (come deducibile dall'<a href="/wiki/Equazione_di_stato_dei_gas_perfetti" title="Equazione di stato dei gas perfetti">equazione di stato dei gas perfetti</a> o da altre <a href="/wiki/Equazione_di_stato" title="Equazione di stato">equazioni di stato</a>), finché esso passa (in parte o <i>in toto</i>) allo stato liquido. Ad esempio le comuni "bombole del gas" utilizzate in ambito domestico contengono una miscela liquida di idrocarburi (nota come <a href="/wiki/Gas_di_petrolio_liquefatto" class="mw-redirect" title="Gas di petrolio liquefatto">GPL</a>) che si trovano gassosi a temperatura e pressione ambiente. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stabilità/reattività"><span id="Stabilit.C3.A0.2Freattivit.C3.A0"></span>Stabilità/reattività</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Stabilità/reattività" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Stabilità/reattività"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gli idrocarburi ciclici formati da meno di sei atomi di carbonio sono particolarmente instabili a causa della piccolezza dell'anello, che si traduce in una elevata <a href="/wiki/Tensione_d%27anello" title="Tensione d'anello">tensione d'anello</a> (o "tensione angolare"), ovvero un'elevata <a href="/wiki/Energia" title="Energia">energia</a> immagazzinata nella molecola che tende ad aprire l'anello.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In generale gli idrocarburi saturi, benché siano facilmente infiammabili e quindi reagiscano facilmente con l'<a href="/wiki/Ossigeno" title="Ossigeno">ossigeno</a>, hanno una relativa inerzia chimica; per tale motivo sono stati denominati originariamente <a href="/wiki/Paraffina" title="Paraffina">paraffine</a> (dal <a href="/wiki/Lingua_latina" title="Lingua latina">latino</a> <i>parum affinis</i>, "poco reattivo").<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gli idrocarburi contenenti insaturazioni hanno altre proprietà, dovute ai doppi o tripli legami e sono chimicamente più reattivi nelle posizioni contenenti il doppio o triplo legame o immediatamente adiacenti ad esse. </p><p>Gli idrocarburi aromatici formano una classe a sé per stabilità ed hanno una reattività chimica molto diversa da quella degli idrocarburi alifatici. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Polarità"><span id="Polarit.C3.A0"></span>Polarità</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Polarità" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Polarità"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le molecole degli alcani e dei cicloalcani sono <a href="/wiki/Polarit%C3%A0" title="Polarità">apolari</a>, in quanto, anche se il legame covalente C-H è polarizzato, la differenza di <a href="/wiki/Elettronegativit%C3%A0" title="Elettronegatività">elettronegatività</a> è piuttosto bassa (0,4) e la struttura tetraedrica porta a una distribuzione della carica nelle molecole complessivamente simmetrica. Le considerazioni sulla loro struttura molecolare trovano conferma nelle prove di <a href="/wiki/Solubilit%C3%A0" title="Solubilità">solubilità</a>: gli alcani sono praticamente insolubili in <a href="/wiki/Acqua" title="Acqua">acqua</a>, mentre si sciolgono nei <a href="/wiki/Solvente" title="Solvente">solventi</a> apolari. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Separazione_degli_idrocarburi">Separazione degli idrocarburi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Separazione degli idrocarburi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Separazione degli idrocarburi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r130657691"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988"> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Raffineria_di_petrolio" title="Raffineria di petrolio">Raffineria di petrolio</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Crude_Oil_Distillation-ITA.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Crude_Oil_Distillation-ITA.png/220px-Crude_Oil_Distillation-ITA.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Crude_Oil_Distillation-ITA.png/330px-Crude_Oil_Distillation-ITA.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/Crude_Oil_Distillation-ITA.png 2x" data-file-width="372" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption>Schema semplificato del processo di distillazione del greggio</figcaption></figure> <p>Moltissimi idrocarburi derivano dal processo di <a href="/wiki/Raffineria_di_petrolio" title="Raffineria di petrolio">raffinazione del petrolio</a>, che consiste in un insieme di processi chimico-fisici che hanno lo scopo di ottenere determinati prodotti chimici (miscele combustibili, asfalto, lubrificanti, ecc.) a partire dal <a href="/wiki/Greggio_(petrolio)" class="mw-redirect" title="Greggio (petrolio)">greggio</a>. </p><p>Tra i vari processi impiegati nella raffinazione, la <a href="/wiki/Distillazione" title="Distillazione">distillazione</a> del greggio (o "topping") riveste un ruolo fondamentale. Nella <a href="/wiki/Colonna_di_distillazione" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonna di distillazione">colonna di distillazione</a> il greggio viene separato in più "tagli", a seconda del peso molecolare (o a volere essere più precisi, della <a href="/wiki/Volatilit%C3%A0_(chimica)" title="Volatilità (chimica)">volatilità</a>) degli idrocarburi che costituiscono il taglio in questione. Ogni taglio viene individuato dal numero di atomi di carbonio che sono contenuti nelle molecole del taglio in questione. Ad esempio il taglio C4 contiene idrocarburi che hanno quattro atomi di carbonio (come ad esempio il <a href="/wiki/Butano" title="Butano">butano</a>, il <a href="/wiki/Butene" title="Butene">butene</a> e i loro <a href="/wiki/Isomeria" title="Isomeria">isomeri</a>). Questo perché è molto più difficile separare per mezzo della sola distillazione molecole idrocarburiche che abbiano pesi molecolari vicini o addirittura identici. Ciò riflette il fatto che idrocarburi simili (cioè appartenenti alla stessa <a href="/wiki/Serie_omologa" title="Serie omologa">serie omologa</a>) hanno proprietà chimico-fisiche simili tra loro. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Processi_chimici_che_coinvolgono_gli_idrocarburi">Processi chimici che coinvolgono gli idrocarburi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Processi chimici che coinvolgono gli idrocarburi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Processi chimici che coinvolgono gli idrocarburi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gli idrocarburi sono una classe talmente ampia di composti che è impossibile citare tutte le reazioni in campo industriale nelle quali possono essere coinvolti. </p><p>Tra le moltissime reazioni che coinvolgono gli idrocarburi, si annoverano le seguenti: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cracking_(chimica)" title="Cracking (chimica)">cracking</a>: è un <a href="/wiki/Processo_chimico" title="Processo chimico">processo chimico</a> industriale rivolto alla formazione di paraffine a basso peso molecolare a partire da paraffine ad elevato peso molecolare;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reforming_catalitico" title="Reforming catalitico">reforming catalitico</a>: è un processo che mira ad ottenere un prodotto avente un <a href="/wiki/Numero_di_ottano" title="Numero di ottano">numero di ottano</a> più elevato. A partire da paraffine si ha formazione di olefine, aromatici, isomeri ramificati e molecole a catena più corta;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polimerizzazione" title="Polimerizzazione">polimerizzazione</a>: si sfrutta per l'ottenimento di <a href="/wiki/Polimero" title="Polimero">polimeri</a>, ovvero molecole aventi pesi molecolari elevatissimi; polimeri di natura idrocarburica sono ad esempio il <a href="/wiki/Polietilene" title="Polietilene">polietilene</a> e il <a href="/wiki/Polipropilene" title="Polipropilene">polipropilene</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aspetti_economici_e_geopolitici">Aspetti economici e geopolitici</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifica la sezione Aspetti economici e geopolitici" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Aspetti economici e geopolitici"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Per millenni, l'umanità ha tratto vantaggio dall'impiego degli idrocarburi in una vasta gamma di contesti e applicazioni<sup id="cite_ref-van_Dijk_2022_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-van_Dijk_2022-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Tutti gli idrocarburi assumono un'enorme importanza nell'<a href="/wiki/Economia" title="Economia">economia</a> e nella <a href="/wiki/Geopolitica" title="Geopolitica">geopolitica</a> moderne, principalmente grazie al loro ruolo fondamentale come <a href="/wiki/Fonti_di_energia" class="mw-redirect" title="Fonti di energia">fonte d'energia</a> e per le vastissime applicazioni di tipo <a href="/wiki/Industriale" class="mw-redirect" title="Industriale">industriale</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aspetti_sanitari">Aspetti sanitari</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifica la sezione Aspetti sanitari" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Aspetti sanitari"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139255918">.mw-parser-output .avviso-mini{border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:#fbfbfb;margin-bottom:.5em;padding:0 2px 0 3px;margin:5px 10%;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .avviso-mini>div:first-of-type{margin:2px 2px 2px 0}.mw-parser-output .avviso-mini .mw-collapsible-content{padding:2px 0 0 7px}.mw-parser-output .avviso-mini-informazioni{border-left:10px solid #1e90ff}.mw-parser-output .avviso-mini-contenuto{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .avviso-mini-stile{border-left:10px solid #f4c430}.mw-parser-output .avviso-mini-statico{border-left:10px solid limegreen}.mw-parser-output .avviso-mini-struttura{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .avviso-mini-generico{border-left:10px solid #bba}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .avviso-mini{border:none;margin-bottom:1px;padding:inherit}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .avviso-mini .mbox-text-div{font-style:normal}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .avviso-mini>div{padding:8px 8px 8px 32px!important;position:relative}</style><div class="ambox avviso-mini noprint metadata avviso-mini-informazioni plainlinks"> <div class="mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-div" style="display:flex; flex-direction:row; align-items:center; column-gap:5px;"><span class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Quill-Nuvola.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sezione vuota"><img alt="Sezione vuota" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Quill-Nuvola.svg/20px-Quill-Nuvola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Quill-Nuvola.svg/30px-Quill-Nuvola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Quill-Nuvola.svg/40px-Quill-Nuvola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="50" /></a></span></span><span style="width:100%"><b>Questa sezione  sull'argomento chimica è ancora vuota</b>. <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=edit">Aiutaci</a> a scriverla!</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Solom42-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Solom42_1-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Solom42_1-1">b</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Solom42_1-2">c</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cita" style="font-style:normal"><a href="#CITEREFSolomons">Solomons</a>, p. 42</cite>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://goldbook.iupac.org/H02889.html">IUPAC Gold Book, "hydrocarbons"</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cita" style="font-style:normal"><a href="#CITEREFSolomons">Solomons</a>, p. 106</cite>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cal445-446-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Cal445-446_4-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Cal445-446_4-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cita" style="font-style:normal"><a href="#CITEREFCallister">Callister</a>, pp. 445-446</cite>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Harold Hart, Christopher M. Hadad, Leslie E. Craine e David J. Hart, <span style="font-style:italic;">Chimica organica.blu</span>, Zanichelli, p. 26.</cite> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Solom93-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Solom93_6-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Solom93_6-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cita" style="font-style:normal"><a href="#CITEREFSolomons">Solomons</a>, p. 93</cite>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cita" style="font-style:normal"><a href="#CITEREFSolomons">Solomons</a>, p. 94</cite>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cita" style="font-style:normal"><a href="#CITEREFSolomons">Solomons</a>, p. 102</cite>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cita" style="font-style:normal"><a href="#CITEREFSolomons">Solomons</a>, p. 123</cite>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-van_Dijk_2022-10"><a href="#cite_ref-van_Dijk_2022_10-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Janpieter Van Dijk, <span style="font-style:italic;">Unravelling the Maze of Scientific Writing Through the Ages: On the Origins of the Terms Hydrocarbon, Petroleum, Natural Gas, and Methane</span>, Amazon Publishers, pp. 166, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/979-8353989172" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/979-8353989172">979-8353989172</a>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFSolomons" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> T. W. Graham Solomons, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120118204050/http://www.catalogo.zanichelli.it/Pages/Opera?siteLang=IT&id_opera=534962"><span style="font-style:italic;">Chimica organica</span></a>, a cura di G. Ortaggi, D. Misiti, 2ª ed., Bologna, Zanichelli, 1988, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-08-09414-6" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-08-09414-6">88-08-09414-6</a>. <small>URL consultato il 25 ottobre 2009</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.catalogo.zanichelli.it/Pages/Opera?siteLang=IT&id_opera=534962">url originale</abbr> il 18 gennaio 2012)</small>.</cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFCallister" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) William D. Callister, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.it/books?id=hFoEAAAACAAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s"><span style="font-style:italic;">Material Science and Engineering: An Introduction</span></a>, 5ª ed., John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1999, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0-471-35243-8" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/0-471-35243-8">0-471-35243-8</a>.</cite></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petrolio" title="Petrolio">Petrolio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combustibili_fossili" class="mw-redirect" title="Combustibili fossili">Combustibili fossili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_naturale" title="Gas naturale">Gas naturale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Composti_organici" class="mw-redirect" title="Composti organici">Composti organici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origine_abiotica_del_petrolio" title="Origine abiotica del petrolio">Origine abiotica del petrolio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stufa_a_idrocarburi" class="mw-redirect" title="Stufa a idrocarburi">Stufa a idrocarburi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polimero" title="Polimero">Polimero</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/idrocarburo" class="extiw" title="wikt:idrocarburo">Wikizionario</a></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Hydrocarbons"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hydrocarbons?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikizionario"><img alt="Collabora a Wikizionario" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/18px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/27px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/36px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wikt:">Wikizionario</a> contiene il lemma di dizionario «<b><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/idrocarburo" class="extiw" title="wikt:idrocarburo">idrocarburi</a></b>»</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hydrocarbons?uselang=it">idrocarburi</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Francis A. Carey, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/hydrocarbon"><span style="font-style:italic;">hydrocarbon</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43648#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/export/sites/default/Portale/sito/altre_aree/scienze_della_terra/enciclopedia/italiano_vol_5/009_026__x1_2_Tipologia_x_ita.pdf"><span style="font-style:italic;">Tipologia e struttura degli idrocarburi</span></a> (<span style="font-weight: bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="documento in formato PDF">PDF</abbr></span>) <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554517">.mw-parser-output .chiarimento{background:#ffeaea;color:#444444}.mw-parser-output .chiarimento-apice{color:#EE0700}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .chiarimento{background:rgba(179,36,36,0.21);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .chiarimento-apice{color:#b32424}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .chiarimento{background:rgba(179,36,36,0.21);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .chiarimento-apice{color:#b32424}}</style><span class="chiarimento" title="A volte può capitare che un link presente su Wikipedia non sia più raggiungibile. 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Se possibile ritrova il link e inserisci il collegamento corretto, comunque non rimuovere il collegamento e inserisci il template {{Collegamento interrotto}}">[<i><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Collegamenti_interrotti" title="Aiuto:Collegamenti interrotti">collegamento interrotto</a></i>]</sup>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">treccani.it</span>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090523201626/http://it.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761579268/Idrocarburi.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">MSN Encarta - Idrocarburi</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">it.encarta.msn.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 25 ottobre 2009</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://it.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761579268/Idrocarburi.html">url originale</abbr> il 23 maggio 2009)</small>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080226040634/http://www.sapere.it/tca/MainApp?srvc=vr&url=/5/754_1"><span style="font-style:italic;">Sapere.it - Idrocarburi</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">sapere.it</span>. <small>URL consultato il 25 ottobre 2009</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.sapere.it/tca/MainApp?srvc=vr&url=/5/754_1">url originale</abbr> il 26 febbraio 2008)</small>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://csi.chemie.tu-darmstadt.de/ak/immel/script/redirect.cgi?filename=http://csi.chemie.tu-darmstadt.de/ak/immel/tutorials/structures/index0.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Molecular Structures of Organic Compounds - Hydrocarbons</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">csi.chemie.tu-darmstadt.de</span>.</cite></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list{font-size:90%;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list a{white-space:nowrap}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_odd{background:#fdfdfd;color:var(--color-base,black)}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_even{background:#f7f7f7;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox a.mw-selflink{color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox_image{padding-left:7px;vertical-align:middle;width:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;text-align:right;width:7em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox_image img{max-width:none!important}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox{margin:-3px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:#e6e6ff;padding:0 10px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Sistematica_organica"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="background:azzurro;"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sistematica_organica" title="Template:Sistematica organica"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Sistematica_organica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Sistematica organica (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Sistematica_organica&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Sistematica_organica" title="Sistematica organica">Sistematica organica</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="background:azzurro;"><a href="/wiki/Composti_alifatici" title="Composti alifatici">Composti alifatici</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Acetali" title="Acetali">Acetali</a> · <a href="/wiki/Acidi_carbossilici" title="Acidi carbossilici">Acidi carbossilici</a> · <a href="/wiki/Alcani" title="Alcani">Alcani</a> · <a href="/wiki/Alcheni" title="Alcheni">Alcheni</a> · <a href="/wiki/Alchini" title="Alchini">Alchini</a> · <a href="/wiki/Alcoli" title="Alcoli">Alcoli</a> · <a href="/wiki/Aldeidi" title="Aldeidi">Aldeidi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Anidride" title="Anidride">Anidridi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Annuleni" title="Annuleni">Annuleni</a> · <a href="/wiki/Chetali" title="Chetali">Chetali</a> · <a href="/wiki/Chetoni" title="Chetoni">Chetoni</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cicloalcani" title="Cicloalcani">Cicloalcani</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cicloalcheni" title="Cicloalcheni">Cicloalcheni</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dioli" title="Dioli">Dioli</a> · <a href="/wiki/Enoli" title="Enoli">Enoli</a> · <a href="/wiki/Epossidi" title="Epossidi">Epossidi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Esteri" title="Esteri">Esteri</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eteri" title="Eteri">Eteri</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eteri_corona" title="Eteri corona">Eteri corona</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lattoni" title="Lattoni">Lattoni</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lattoli" title="Lattoli">Lattoli</a> · <a href="/wiki/Perossidi" title="Perossidi">Perossidi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Perossiacido" title="Perossiacido">Perossiacidi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Polieni" title="Polieni">Polieni</a> · <a href="/wiki/Polioli" title="Polioli">Polioli</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="background:azzurro;"><a href="/wiki/Composti_aromatici" title="Composti aromatici">Composti aromatici</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arini_(chimica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arini (chimica) (la pagina non esiste)">Arini</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ciclofani" title="Ciclofani">Ciclofani</a> · <a href="/wiki/Benzene" title="Benzene">Benzene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fenoli" title="Fenoli">Fenoli</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eterocicli_aromatici&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eterocicli aromatici (la pagina non esiste)">Eterocicli aromatici</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="background:azzurro;"><a href="/wiki/Azoto#Composti_dell'azoto" title="Azoto">Contenenti azoto</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Alcaloidi" title="Alcaloidi">Alcaloidi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ammonio" title="Ammonio">Ammonio</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ammidi" title="Ammidi">Ammidi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ammine" title="Ammine">Ammine</a> · <a href="/wiki/Amminali" title="Amminali">Amminali</a> · <a href="/wiki/Azine" title="Azine">Azine</a> · <a href="/wiki/Azoturo" title="Azoturo">Azidi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Azocomposti" title="Azocomposti">Azocomposti</a> · <a href="/wiki/Azoli" title="Azoli">Azoli</a> · <a href="/wiki/Carbammati" title="Carbammati">Carbammati</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cianidrine" title="Cianidrine">Cianidrine</a> · <a href="/wiki/Diazocomposti" title="Diazocomposti">Diazocomposti</a> · <a href="/wiki/Idrazoni" title="Idrazoni">Idrazoni</a> · <a href="/wiki/Immidi" title="Immidi">Immidi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Immine" title="Immine">Immine</a> · <a href="/wiki/Isocianati" title="Isocianati">Isocianati</a> · <a href="/wiki/Isocianuri" title="Isocianuri">Isocianuri</a> · <a href="/wiki/Isotiocianati" title="Isotiocianati">Isotiocianati</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lattami" title="Lattami">Lattami</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nitrili" title="Nitrili">Nitrili</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nitroderivati" title="Nitroderivati">Nitrocomposti</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nitrosocomposti" class="mw-redirect" title="Nitrosocomposti">Nitrosocomposti</a> · <a href="/wiki/Osazoni" title="Osazoni">Osazoni</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ossima" title="Ossima">Ossime</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="background:azzurro;"><a href="/wiki/Zolfo#Composti_dello_zolfo" title="Zolfo">Contenenti zolfo</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Acidi_solfonici" title="Acidi solfonici">Acidi solfonici</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ditiani" title="Ditiani">Ditiani</a> · <a href="/wiki/Isotiocianati" title="Isotiocianati">Isotiocianati</a> · <a href="/wiki/Solfoni" title="Solfoni">Solfoni</a> · <a href="/wiki/Solfossidi" title="Solfossidi">Solfossidi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tioesteri" title="Tioesteri">Tioesteri</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tioeteri" title="Tioeteri">Tioeteri</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tioli" title="Tioli">Tioli</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tioacetali" title="Tioacetali">Tioacetali</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tiochetali" title="Tiochetali">Tiochetali</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="background:azzurro;"><a href="/wiki/Alogenuro" title="Alogenuro">Contenenti alogeni</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Alogenuri_acilici" title="Alogenuri acilici">Alogenuri acilici</a> · <a href="/wiki/Alogenuri_alchilici" title="Alogenuri alchilici">Alogenuri alchilici</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="background:azzurro;"><a href="/wiki/Silicio#Composti" title="Silicio">Contenenti silicio</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Silani" title="Silani">Silani</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sililalchini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sililalchini (la pagina non esiste)">Sililalchini</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sililalogenuri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sililalogenuri (la pagina non esiste)">Sililalogenuri</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sililidruri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sililidruri (la pagina non esiste)">Sililidruri</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Silanoli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silanoli (la pagina non esiste)">Silanoli</a> · <a href="/wiki/Alcossisilani" title="Alcossisilani">Alcossisilani</a> · <a href="/wiki/Silossani" title="Silossani">Silossani</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Silazani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silazani (la pagina non esiste)">Silazani</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="background:azzurro;">Altro</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Alcossido" title="Alcossido">Alcossidi</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Idrocarburi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stannani" title="Stannani">Stannani</a> · <a href="/wiki/Terpeni" title="Terpeni">Terpeni</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="navbox_abovebelow">Vedi pure <i><a href="/wiki/Nomenclatura_IUPAC_dei_composti_organici" title="Nomenclatura IUPAC dei composti organici">Nomenclatura IUPAC dei composti organici</a></i></th></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r141815314"><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Idrocarburi"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="background:azzurro;"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Idrocarburi" title="Template:Idrocarburi"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Idrocarburi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Idrocarburi (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Idrocarburi&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Idrocarburi</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Idrocarburi<br /><a href="/wiki/Composti_alifatici" title="Composti alifatici">alifatici</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:15em;">Idrocarburi alifatici saturi (<a href="/wiki/Alcani" title="Alcani">Alcani</a>)</th><td colspan="1"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group">Alcani lineari</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Metano" title="Metano">Metano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Etano" title="Etano">Etano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Propano" title="Propano">Propano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Butano" title="Butano">Butano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pentano" title="Pentano">Pentano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Esano" title="Esano">Esano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eptano" title="Eptano">Eptano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ottano" title="Ottano">Ottano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nonano" title="Nonano">Nonano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Decano_(idrocarburo)" title="Decano (idrocarburo)">Decano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Undecano" title="Undecano">Undecano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dodecano" title="Dodecano">Dodecano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tridecano" title="Tridecano">Tridecano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tetradecano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tetradecano (la pagina non esiste)">Tetradecano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pentadecano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pentadecano (la pagina non esiste)">Pentadecano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Esadecano" title="Esadecano">Esadecano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eptadecano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eptadecano (la pagina non esiste)">Eptadecano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ottadecano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ottadecano (la pagina non esiste)">Ottadecano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nonadecano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nonadecano (la pagina non esiste)">Nonadecano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eicosano" title="Eicosano">Eicosano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eneicosano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eneicosano (la pagina non esiste)">Eneicosano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Docosano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Docosano (la pagina non esiste)">Docosano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tricosano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tricosano (la pagina non esiste)">Tricosano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Triacontano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Triacontano (la pagina non esiste)">Triacontano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Entriacontano" title="Entriacontano">Entriacontano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tetracontano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tetracontano (la pagina non esiste)">Tetracontano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pentacontano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pentacontano (la pagina non esiste)">Pentacontano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Esacontano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Esacontano (la pagina non esiste)">Esacontano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eptacontano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eptacontano (la pagina non esiste)">Eptacontano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ottacontano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ottacontano (la pagina non esiste)">Ottacontano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nonacontano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nonacontano (la pagina non esiste)">Nonacontano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ectano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ectano (la pagina non esiste)">Ectano</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group">Alcani ramificati</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Isobutano" title="Isobutano">Isobutano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Isopentano" title="Isopentano">Isopentano</a> · <a href="/wiki/3-metilpentano" title="3-metilpentano">3-metilpentano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Neopentano" title="Neopentano">Neopentano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Isoesano" title="Isoesano">Isoesano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Isoeptano" title="Isoeptano">Isoeptano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Isoottano" title="Isoottano">Isoottano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isononano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isononano (la pagina non esiste)">Isononano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isodecano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isodecano (la pagina non esiste)">Isodecano</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Cicloalcani" title="Cicloalcani">Cicloalcani</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Ciclopropano" title="Ciclopropano">Ciclopropano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ciclobutano" title="Ciclobutano">Ciclobutano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ciclopentano" title="Ciclopentano">Ciclopentano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cicloesano" title="Cicloesano">Cicloesano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cicloeptano" title="Cicloeptano">Cicloeptano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cicloottano" title="Cicloottano">Cicloottano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ciclononano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ciclononano (la pagina non esiste)">Ciclononano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ciclodecano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ciclodecano (la pagina non esiste)">Ciclodecano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cicloundecano" title="Cicloundecano">Cicloundecano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ciclododecano" title="Ciclododecano">Ciclododecano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ciclopentadecano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ciclopentadecano (la pagina non esiste)">Ciclopentadecano</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alchilcicloalcani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alchilcicloalcani (la pagina non esiste)">Alchilcicloalcani</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Metilciclopropano" title="Metilciclopropano">Metilciclopropano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metilciclobutano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metilciclobutano (la pagina non esiste)">Metilciclobutano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Metilciclopentano" title="Metilciclopentano">Metilciclopentano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Metilcicloesano" title="Metilcicloesano">Metilcicloesano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isopropilcicloesano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isopropilcicloesano (la pagina non esiste)">Isopropilcicloesano</a> ·</td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Bicicloalcani" title="Bicicloalcani">Bicicloalcani</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Casano" title="Casano">Casano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Norbornano" title="Norbornano">Norbornano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Decalina" title="Decalina">Decalina</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Policicloalcani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Policicloalcani (la pagina non esiste)">Policicloalcani</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Adamantano" title="Adamantano">Adamantano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Diamantoidi" title="Diamantoidi">Diamantoidi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Peridrofenantrene" title="Peridrofenantrene">Peridrofenantrene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Peridrociclopentanofenantrene" class="mw-redirect" title="Peridrociclopentanofenantrene">Peridrociclopentanofenantrene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cubano" title="Cubano">Cubano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Prismano" title="Prismano">Prismano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dodecaedrano" title="Dodecaedrano">Dodecaedrano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Basketano" title="Basketano">Basketano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chiesano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chiesano (la pagina non esiste)">Chiesano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pagodano" title="Pagodano">Pagodano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tetraedrano" title="Tetraedrano">Tetraedrano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Twistano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Twistano (la pagina non esiste)">Twistano</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Spiroalcani" title="Spiroalcani">Spiroalcani</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Bullvalene" title="Bullvalene">Bullvalene</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:15em;">Idrocarburi alifatici insaturi (<a href="/wiki/Alcheni" title="Alcheni">Alcheni</a> e <a href="/wiki/Alchini" title="Alchini">Alchini</a>)</th><td colspan="1"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:8.5em;">Alcheni lineari</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Etilene" title="Etilene">Etilene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Propilene" title="Propilene">Propilene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Butene" title="Butene">Butene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pentene" title="Pentene">Pentene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Esene" title="Esene">Esene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eptene" title="Eptene">Eptene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ottene" title="Ottene">Ottene</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:8.5em;">Alcheni ramificati</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Isobutene" title="Isobutene">Isobutene</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isopentene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isopentene (la pagina non esiste)">Isopentene</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neopentene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neopentene (la pagina non esiste)">Neopentene</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isoesene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isoesene (la pagina non esiste)">Isoesene</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isoeptene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isoeptene (la pagina non esiste)">Isoeptene</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isoottene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isoottene (la pagina non esiste)">Isoottene</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Alcadieni" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcadieni">Alcadieni</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Allene" class="mw-redirect" title="Allene">Allene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Butadiene" title="Butadiene">Butadiene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pentadiene" title="Pentadiene">Pentadiene</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Esadiene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Esadiene (la pagina non esiste)">Esadiene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Isoprene" title="Isoprene">Isoprene</a> · <a href="/wiki/1,3-cicloesadiene" title="1,3-cicloesadiene">1,3-cicloesadiene</a> · <a href="/wiki/1,4-cicloesadiene" title="1,4-cicloesadiene">1,4-cicloesadiene</a> · <a href="/wiki/1,5-Cicloottadiene" class="mw-redirect" title="1,5-Cicloottadiene">1,5-Cicloottadiene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Norbornadiene" title="Norbornadiene">Norbornadiene</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Cicloalcheni" title="Cicloalcheni">Cicloalcheni</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Ciclopropene" title="Ciclopropene">Ciclopropene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ciclobutene" title="Ciclobutene">Ciclobutene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ciclopentene" title="Ciclopentene">Ciclopentene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cicloesene" title="Cicloesene">Cicloesene</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cicloeptene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cicloeptene (la pagina non esiste)">Cicloeptene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cicloottene" title="Cicloottene">Cicloottene</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alchilcicloalcheni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alchilcicloalcheni (la pagina non esiste)">Alchilcicloalcheni</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metilciclopropene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metilciclopropene (la pagina non esiste)">Metilciclopropene</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metilciclobutene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metilciclobutene (la pagina non esiste)">Metilciclobutene</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metilciclopentene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metilciclopentene (la pagina non esiste)">Metilciclopentene</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metilcicloesene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metilcicloesene (la pagina non esiste)">Metilcicloesene</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isopropilcicloesene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isopropilcicloesene (la pagina non esiste)">Isopropilcicloesene</a> ·</td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bicicloalcheni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bicicloalcheni (la pagina non esiste)">Bicicloalcheni</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Norbornene" title="Norbornene">Norbornene</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:8.5em;">Alchini lineari</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Acetilene" title="Acetilene">Acetilene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Metilacetilene" class="mw-redirect" title="Metilacetilene">Metilacetilene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Butino_(chimica)" title="Butino (chimica)">Butino</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pentino" title="Pentino">Pentino</a> · <a href="/wiki/Esino_(chimica)" title="Esino (chimica)">Esino</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eptino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eptino (la pagina non esiste)">Eptino</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ottino" title="Ottino">Ottino</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:8.5em;">Alchini ramificati</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isobutino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isobutino (la pagina non esiste)">Isobutino</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isopentino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isopentino (la pagina non esiste)">Isopentino</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neopentino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neopentino (la pagina non esiste)">Neopentino</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isoesino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isoesino (la pagina non esiste)">Isoesino</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isoeptino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isoeptino (la pagina non esiste)">Isoeptino</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isoottino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isoottino (la pagina non esiste)">Isoottino</a> · <a href="/wiki/Etilacetilene" title="Etilacetilene">Etilacetilene</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Cicloalchini" title="Cicloalchini">Cicloalchini</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ciclopropino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ciclopropino (la pagina non esiste)">Ciclopropino</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ciclobutino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ciclobutino (la pagina non esiste)">Ciclobutino</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ciclopentino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ciclopentino (la pagina non esiste)">Ciclopentino</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cicloesino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cicloesino (la pagina non esiste)">Cicloesino</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cicloeptino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cicloeptino (la pagina non esiste)">Cicloeptino</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cicloottino" title="Cicloottino">Cicloottino</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Cumuleni" title="Cumuleni">Cumuleni</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Allene" class="mw-redirect" title="Allene">Allene</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:8.5em;">Altri</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alcatriene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alcatriene (la pagina non esiste)">Alcatriene</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alcadiino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alcadiino (la pagina non esiste)">Alcadiino</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alchenino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alchenino (la pagina non esiste)">Alchenino</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cicloottatetraene" title="Cicloottatetraene">Cicloottatetraene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ciclododecatriene" title="Ciclododecatriene">Ciclododecatriene</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Idrocarburi<br /><a href="/wiki/Composti_aromatici" title="Composti aromatici">aromatici</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:15em;">Idrocarburi monociclici aromatici</th><td colspan="1"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Annuleni" title="Annuleni">Annuleni</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Ciclobutadiene" title="Ciclobutadiene">Ciclobutadiene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Benzene" title="Benzene">Benzene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cicloottatetraene" title="Cicloottatetraene">Cicloottatetraene</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Alchilbenzeni" title="Alchilbenzeni">Alchilbenzeni</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Toluene" title="Toluene">Toluene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Xilene" title="Xilene">Xilene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Etilbenzene" title="Etilbenzene">Etilbenzene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mesitilene" title="Mesitilene">Mesitilene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Emellitene" class="mw-redirect" title="Emellitene">Emellitene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pseudocumene" title="Pseudocumene">Pseudocumene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cumene" title="Cumene">Cumene</a> · <a href="/wiki/4-isopropiltoluene" title="4-isopropiltoluene">4-isopropiltoluene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Durene" title="Durene">Durene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stirene" title="Stirene">Stirene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fenilacetilene" title="Fenilacetilene">Fenilacetilene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Difenilmetano" title="Difenilmetano">Difenilmetano</a> · <a href="/wiki/Esametilbenzene" title="Esametilbenzene">Esametilbenzene</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=2-fenilesano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2-fenilesano (la pagina non esiste)">2-fenilesano</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=1,3,5-trietilbenzene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1,3,5-trietilbenzene (la pagina non esiste)">1,3,5-trietilbenzene</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:15em;"><a href="/wiki/Idrocarburi_policiclici_aromatici" title="Idrocarburi policiclici aromatici">Idrocarburi policiclici aromatici</a></th><td colspan="1"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Aceni" title="Aceni">Aceni</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Naftalene" title="Naftalene">Naftalene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Antracene" title="Antracene">Antracene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Naftacene" title="Naftacene">Naftacene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pentacene" title="Pentacene">Pentacene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Esacene" title="Esacene">Esacene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eptacene" title="Eptacene">Eptacene</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:8.5em;">Altri</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Fenalene" title="Fenalene">Fenalene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fluorene" title="Fluorene">Fluorene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Infinitene" title="Infinitene">Infinitene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kekulene" title="Kekulene">Kekulene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zetrene" title="Zetrene">Zetrene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eliceni" title="Eliceni">Eliceni</a> · <a href="/wiki/Circuleni" title="Circuleni">Circuleni</a> · <a href="/wiki/Indene" title="Indene">Indene</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Nuovo_soggettario" title="Nuovo soggettario">Thesaurus BNCF</a> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=12924">12924</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85063372">sh85063372</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4125165-9">4125165-9</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Spagna" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Spagna">BNE</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="spagnolo">ES</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX526287">XX526287</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://datos.bne.es/resource/XX526287">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Francia" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Francia">BNF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="francese">FR</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119369263">cb119369263</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119369263">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Israele" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Israele">J9U</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="ebraico">HE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007533631405171">987007533631405171</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_della_Dieta_nazionale_del_Giappone" title="Biblioteca della Dieta nazionale del Giappone">NDL</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="giapponese">JA</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00572658">00572658</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-grow: 1"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid #CCF;background-color:#F0EEFF;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#FAFAFA}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}</style><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gnome-applications-science.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chimica"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gnome-applications-science.svg/25px-Gnome-applications-science.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gnome-applications-science.svg/38px-Gnome-applications-science.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gnome-applications-science.svg/50px-Gnome-applications-science.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Chimica" title="Portale:Chimica">Portale Chimica</a></b>: il portale della scienza della composizione, delle proprietà e delle trasformazioni della materia</div></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Estratto da "<a dir="ltr" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&oldid=141466285">https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Idrocarburi&oldid=141466285</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Categorie" title="Categoria:Categorie">Categorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Idrocarburi" title="Categoria:Idrocarburi">Idrocarburi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Combustibili_fossili" title="Categoria:Combustibili fossili">Combustibili fossili</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Classi_di_composti_organici" title="Categoria:Classi di composti organici">Classi di composti organici</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorie nascoste: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Aggiungere_sezioni_-_chimica" title="Categoria:Aggiungere sezioni - chimica">Aggiungere sezioni - chimica</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P1417_letta_da_Wikidata" title="Categoria:P1417 letta da Wikidata">P1417 letta da Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Pagine_con_collegamenti_non_funzionanti" title="Categoria:Pagine con collegamenti non funzionanti">Pagine con collegamenti non funzionanti</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_Thesaurus_BNCF" title="Categoria:Voci con codice Thesaurus BNCF">Voci con codice Thesaurus BNCF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_LCCN" title="Categoria:Voci con codice LCCN">Voci con codice LCCN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_GND" title="Categoria:Voci con codice GND">Voci con codice GND</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_BNE" title="Categoria:Voci con codice BNE">Voci con codice BNE</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_BNF" title="Categoria:Voci con codice BNF">Voci con codice BNF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_J9U" title="Categoria:Voci con codice J9U">Voci con codice J9U</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_NDL" title="Categoria:Voci con codice NDL">Voci con codice NDL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_non_biografiche_con_codici_di_controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Categoria:Voci non biografiche con codici di controllo di autorità">Voci non biografiche con codici di controllo di autorità</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Questa pagina è stata modificata per l'ultima volta il 6 ott 2024 alle 04:44.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Il testo è disponibile secondo la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.it">licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo</a>; possono applicarsi condizioni ulteriori. 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