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<span>Battle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Battle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Outcome" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outcome"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Outcome</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Outcome-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Order_of_battle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Order_of_battle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Order of battle</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Order_of_battle-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Order of battle subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Order_of_battle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-French_line_of_battle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#French_line_of_battle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>French line of battle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-French_line_of_battle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-British_line_of_battle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#British_line_of_battle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>British line of battle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-British_line_of_battle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > 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href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bataille_de_Sainte-Lucie" title="Bataille de Sainte-Lucie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bataille de Sainte-Lucie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battaglia_di_Santa_Lucia_(1778)" title="Battaglia di Santa Lucia (1778) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Battaglia di Santa Lucia (1778)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slaget_ved_St_Lucia" title="Slaget ved St Lucia – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Slaget ved St Lucia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwa_o_wysp%C4%99_Saint_Lucia" title="Bitwa o wyspę Saint Lucia – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bitwa o wyspę Saint Lucia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82-%D0%9B%D1%8E%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Бой при Сент-Люсии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бой при Сент-Люсии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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.latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Battle_of_St._Lucia&params=14_1_1.200_N_60_58_58.800_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">14°1′1.200″N</span> <span class="longitude">60°58′58.800″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">14.01700000°N 60.98300000°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">14.01700000; -60.98300000</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1778 naval battle of the American Revolutionary War</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-clear-right"><div><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Battle of St. Lucia</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bataille_de_Sainte_Lucie_1778.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Bataille_de_Sainte_Lucie_1778.jpg/300px-Bataille_de_Sainte_Lucie_1778.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Bataille_de_Sainte_Lucie_1778.jpg/450px-Bataille_de_Sainte_Lucie_1778.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Bataille_de_Sainte_Lucie_1778.jpg/600px-Bataille_de_Sainte_Lucie_1778.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7200" data-file-height="4128" /></a></span><br /><i>Barrington's Action at St Lucia, 15 December 1778 </i>, <a href="/wiki/Dominic_Serres" title="Dominic Serres">Dominic Serres</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>15 December 1778</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location">Off <a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Sea" title="Caribbean Sea">Caribbean Sea</a></div><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Battle_of_St._Lucia&params=14_1_1.200_N_60_58_58.800_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">14°1′1.200″N</span> <span class="longitude">60°58′58.800″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">14.01700000°N 60.98300000°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">14.01700000; -60.98300000</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> British victory</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span data-sort-value="Great Britain"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Great Britain</a></span></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span data-sort-value="France"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg/23px-Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg/35px-Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg/45px-Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Red_Ensign_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/23px-Red_Ensign_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Red_Ensign_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/35px-Red_Ensign_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Red_Ensign_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/46px-Red_Ensign_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Barrington" title="Samuel Barrington">Samuel Barrington</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_France_%281814%E2%80%931830%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_France_%281814%E2%80%931830%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_France_%281814%E2%80%931830%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_France_%281814%E2%80%931830%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_France_%281814%E2%80%931830%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_France_%281814%E2%80%931830%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Henri_Hector_d%27Estaing" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Henri Hector d'Estaing">Comte d'Estaing</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> 7 ships of the line <br /> 3 frigates</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> 12 ships of the line <br /> 4 frigates</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> 230 killed and wounded</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> 850 killed and wounded<sup id="cite_ref-Gar1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gar1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="border-top:1px dotted #aaa;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap 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data-file-height="561" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:66.586%;left:91.477%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Battle of St. Lucia"><img alt="Battle of St. Lucia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:La2-demis-caribbean.png" title="File:La2-demis-caribbean.png">class=notpageimage| </a></div>Location within Caribbean</div></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="navbox-styles"><style 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<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1st St. Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_St._Lucia" title="Capture of St. Lucia">2nd St. Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Saint_Vincent" title="Capture of Saint Vincent">Saint Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Grenada_(1779)" title="Capture of Grenada (1779)">1st Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Grenada" title="Battle of Grenada">2nd Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_R%C3%ADo_Hondo" title="Capture of Río Hondo">Río Hondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Cayo_Cocina" title="Capture of Cayo Cocina">Cayo Cocina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Fernando_de_Omoa" title="Battle of San Fernando de Omoa">San Fernando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_12_December_1779" title="Action of 12 December 1779">12 December 1779</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Martinique_(1779)" title="Battle of Martinique (1779)">1st Martinique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guadeloupe_(1779)" title="Battle of Guadeloupe (1779)">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Martinique_(1780)" title="Battle of Martinique (1780)">2nd Martinique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Juan_Expedition_(1780)" title="San Juan Expedition (1780)">Fort San Juan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_West_Indies_campaign" title="Dutch West Indies campaign">Dutch West Indies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Essequibo_and_Demerara_(1781)" title="Raid on Essequibo and Demerara (1781)">1st Demerara & Essequibo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Sint_Eustatius" title="Capture of Sint Eustatius">Sint Eustatius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_Royal" title="Battle of Fort Royal">Fort Royal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Tobago" title="Invasion of Tobago">Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_15_January_1782" title="Action of 15 January 1782">15 January 1782</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Brimstone_Hill" title="Siege of Brimstone Hill">Brimstone Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saint_Kitts" title="Battle of Saint Kitts">Frigate Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Demerara_and_Essequibo" title="Capture of Demerara and Essequibo">2nd Demerara & Essequibo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Montserrat" title="Capture of Montserrat">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Roat%C3%A1n" title="Battle of Roatán">Roatán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Saintes" title="Battle of the Saintes">The Saintes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Mona_Passage" title="Battle of the Mona Passage">Mona Passage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Black_River" title="Battle of the Black River">Black River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_Bahamas_(1782)" title="Capture of the Bahamas (1782)">2nd Nassau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_18_October_1782" title="Action of 18 October 1782">18 October 1782</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_6_December_1782" title="Action of 6 December 1782">6 December 1782</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_2_January_1783" title="Action of 2 January 1783">2 January 1783</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_15_February_1783" title="Action of 15 February 1783">15 February 1783</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_17_February_1783" title="Action of 17 February 1783">17 February 1783</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Grand_Turk" title="Battle of Grand Turk">Turks and Caicos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_Bahamas_(1783)" title="Capture of the Bahamas (1783)">3rd Nassau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div> <p>The <b>Battle of St. Lucia</b> or the <b>Battle of the Cul de Sac</b> was a <a href="/wiki/Naval_battle" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval battle">naval battle</a> fought off the island of <a href="/wiki/St._Lucia" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Lucia">St. Lucia</a> in the <a href="/wiki/West_Indies" title="West Indies">West Indies</a> during the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a> on 15 December 1778, between the British <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> and the <a href="/wiki/French_Navy" title="French Navy">French Navy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_St._Lucia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The French had entered the American Revolutionary War on behalf of the rebels and were conducting actions in the Caribbean to try to take over British colonies there. On 7 September 1778, the French governor of <a href="/wiki/Martinique" title="Martinique">Martinique</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Marquis_de_Bouill%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Marquis de Bouillé">marquis de Bouillé</a>, surprised and captured the British island of <a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a>. On 4 November, French <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hector,_comte_d%27Estaing" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Hector, comte d'Estaing">Admiral Jean Baptiste Charles Henri Hector, Comte d'Estaing</a> sailed for the West Indies from the port of <a href="/wiki/Boston,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston, Massachusetts">Boston, Massachusetts</a>. On that same day, <a href="/wiki/William_Hotham,_1st_Baron_Hotham" title="William Hotham, 1st Baron Hotham">Commodore William Hotham</a> was dispatched from <a href="/wiki/Sandy_Hook,_New_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandy Hook, New Jersey">Sandy Hook, New Jersey</a>, to reinforce the British fleet in the West Indies. Hotham sailed with "five men of war, a bomb vessel, some frigates, and a large convoy."<sup id="cite_ref-E91_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-E91-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The convoy Hotham was escorting consisted of 59 transports carrying 5,000 British soldiers under Major General Grant.<sup id="cite_ref-E93_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-E93-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The French fleet was blown off course by a violent storm, preventing it from arriving in the Caribbean ahead of the British. <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Barrington" title="Samuel Barrington">Admiral Samuel Barrington</a>, the British naval commander stationed on the <a href="/wiki/Leeward_Islands" title="Leeward Islands">Leeward Islands</a>, joined the newly arrived Commodore Hotham on 10 December at the island of <a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a>. Grant's men were not permitted to disembark and spent the next several days aboard their transports. Barrington and Hotham sailed for the island of <a href="/wiki/St._Lucia" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Lucia">St. Lucia</a> on the morning of 12 December.<sup id="cite_ref-E91_3_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-E91_3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the evening of 13 December and morning of 14 December, <a href="/wiki/James_Grant_(British_army_officer)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Grant (British army officer)">Major General James Grant</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> supported by additional troops under <a href="/wiki/William_Medows" title="William Medows">Brigadier General William Medows</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Prescott" title="Robert Prescott">Brigadier General Robert Prescott</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> landed at Grand Cul de Sac, St. Lucia. Grant and Prescott took control of the high ground around the bay, while Medows continued on and took <a href="/wiki/Vigie" title="Vigie">Vigie</a> the following morning (14 December). On 14 December the French fleet under d’Estaing arrived, forcing Admiral Barrington to move his ships into line of battle and forgo his plan of moving the transports into Carénage Bay.<sup id="cite_ref-E91_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-E91-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Battle">Battle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_St._Lucia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plan_of_St._Lucia,_in_the_West_Indies-_Shewing_the_positions_of_the_English_and_French_forces_with_the_attacks_made_at_its_reduction_in_Decr._1778._LOC_74696150.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Plan_of_St._Lucia%2C_in_the_West_Indies-_Shewing_the_positions_of_the_English_and_French_forces_with_the_attacks_made_at_its_reduction_in_Decr._1778._LOC_74696150.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Plan_of_St._Lucia%2C_in_the_West_Indies-_Shewing_the_positions_of_the_English_and_French_forces_with_the_attacks_made_at_its_reduction_in_Decr._1778._LOC_74696150.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Plan_of_St._Lucia%2C_in_the_West_Indies-_Shewing_the_positions_of_the_English_and_French_forces_with_the_attacks_made_at_its_reduction_in_Decr._1778._LOC_74696150.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3107" data-file-height="2324" /></a><figcaption>Plan of St. Lucia, in the West Indies- Shewing the positions of the English and French forces with the attacks made at its reduction in December 1778</figcaption></figure> <p>Admiral Barrington was alerted to the presence of the French fleet by the frigate <i>Ariadne</i> and organised his line of battle so that <i>Isis</i> and his three frigates (<i>Venus</i>, <i>Aurora</i>, and <i>Ariadne</i>) were close to shore guarding the windward approach, and he placed his flagship, <i>Prince of Wales</i>, toward the leeward.<sup id="cite_ref-Gar1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gar1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Barrington, in a defensive strategy, placed his transports inside the bay but behind his battle line, which took him the entire evening of 14 December. By 1100 hours the next day, most of the transports had been safely tucked behind his line.<sup id="cite_ref-E93_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-E93-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At 1100 hours 15 December Admiral d’Estaing approached St. Lucia with ten ships of the line, and was fired on by one of the shore batteries. D’Estaing moved to engage Barrington from the rear, and a "warm conflict" raged between the two fleets, with the British supported by two shore batteries.<sup id="cite_ref-Gar1_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gar1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> D’Estaing was repulsed but succeeded in reforming his line of battle. At 1600 hours d’Estaing renewed his assault by attacking Barrington's centre with twelve ships of the line. Again, heavy fire was exchanged, and the French were eventually repulsed for a second time.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Outcome">Outcome</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_St._Lucia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Outcome"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 16 December Admiral d’Estaing appeared to be preparing for a third assault against Admiral Barrington's line, but then sailed away towards the windward.<sup id="cite_ref-Gar1_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gar1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the evening of 16 December d’Estaing anchored in Gros Islet Bay, where he landed 7,000 troops for an assault on the British lines at La Vigie. Three assaults were made but British control of the high ground enabled them to repulse the French. The French troops were re-embarked, and when d'Estaing's fleet left on 29 December, the island surrendered to the British.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Order_of_battle">Order of battle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_St._Lucia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Order of battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="French_line_of_battle">French line of battle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_St._Lucia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: French line of battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <th colspan="8" bgcolor="white">Vice-amiral d'Estaing' squadron<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETroude186719_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETroude186719-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr valign="top"> <th width="8%;" align="center" rowspan="2">Division </th> <th width="17%;" align="center" rowspan="2">Ship </th> <th width="5%;" align="center" rowspan="2">Type </th> <th width="25%;" align="center" rowspan="2">Commander </th> <th width="9%;" align="center" colspan="3">Casualties </th> <th width="36%;" align="center" rowspan="2">Notes </th></tr> <tr valign="top"> <th width="3%;" align="center">Killed </th> <th width="3%;" align="center">Wounded </th> <th width="3%;" align="center">Total </th></tr> <tr valign="center"> <td rowspan="3" align="center"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/French_ship_Z%C3%A9l%C3%A9_(1764)" class="mw-redirect" title="French ship Zélé (1764)"><i>Zélé</i></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/74-gun" class="mw-redirect" title="74-gun">74</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Jacques-Melchior_Saint-Laurent,_Comte_de_Barras" title="Jacques-Melchior Saint-Laurent, Comte de Barras">Barras Saint-Laurent</a> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr valign="center"> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/French_ship_Tonnant_(1740)" class="mw-redirect" title="French ship Tonnant (1740)"><i>Tonnant</i></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=80-gun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="80-gun (page does not exist)">80</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Paul-Jacques_de_Bruy%C3%A8res-Chalabre" title="Paul-Jacques de Bruyères-Chalabre">Bruyères-Chalabre</a> (<a href="/wiki/Flag_captain" title="Flag captain">flag captain</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Claude_Haudeneau_de_Breugnon" title="Pierre-Claude Haudeneau de Breugnon">Breugnon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_des_Arm%C3%A9es_navales" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant général des Armées navales">Lieutenant général</a>) </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr valign="center"> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/French_ship_Vengeur_du_Peuple" title="French ship Vengeur du Peuple"><i>Marseillais</i></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/74-gun" class="mw-redirect" title="74-gun">74</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Louis-Armand_de_La_Poype_de_Vertrieux" title="Louis-Armand de La Poype de Vertrieux">La Poype-Vertrieux</a> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr valign="center"> <td rowspan="3" align="center"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/French_ship_Languedoc_(1766)" title="French ship Languedoc (1766)"><i>Languedoc</i></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=80-gun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="80-gun (page does not exist)">80</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Henri-Louis_de_Boulainvilliers_de_Croy" title="Henri-Louis de Boulainvilliers de Croy">Boulainvilliers</a> (<a href="/wiki/Flag_captain" title="Flag captain">flag captain</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Charles_Henri_Hector_d%27Estaing" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Henri Hector d'Estaing">Estaing</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vice-amiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice-amiral">Vice-amiral</a>) </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr valign="center"> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/French_ship_Hector_(1755)" title="French ship Hector (1755)"><i>Hector</i></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/74-gun" class="mw-redirect" title="74-gun">74</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_de_Mori%C3%A8s-Castellet" title="Pierre de Moriès-Castellet">Moriès-Castellet</a> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr valign="center"> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/French_ship_C%C3%A9sar_(1768)" title="French ship César (1768)"><i>César</i></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/74-gun" class="mw-redirect" title="74-gun">74</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_de_Mori%C3%A8s_de_Castellet" title="Jean-Baptiste de Moriès de Castellet">Castellet</a> (<a href="/wiki/Flag_captain" title="Flag captain">flag captain</a>) (<a href="/wiki/Wounded_in_action" title="Wounded in action"><abbr title="Wounded in action">WIA</abbr></a>)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETroude186741_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETroude186741-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Jean-Joseph_de_Raf%C3%A9lis_de_Broves" title="Jean-Joseph de Rafélis de Broves">Broves</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chef_d%27escadre" title="Chef d'escadre">chef d'escadre</a>) </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr valign="center"> <td rowspan="3" align="center"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/French_ship_Fantasque_(1758)" title="French ship Fantasque (1758)"><i>Fantasque</i></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/64-gun" class="mw-redirect" title="64-gun">64</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Suffren" class="mw-redirect" title="Suffren">Suffren</a> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr valign="center"> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/French_ship_Guerrier_(1754)" class="mw-redirect" title="French ship Guerrier (1754)"><i>Guerrier</i></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/74-gun" class="mw-redirect" title="74-gun">74</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Antoine_de_Bougainville" title="Louis Antoine de Bougainville">Bougainville</a> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr valign="center"> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/French_ship_Protecteur" title="French ship Protecteur"><i>Protecteur</i></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/74-gun" class="mw-redirect" title="74-gun">74</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne-Joseph_de_Saint-Germain_d%27Apchon" title="Étienne-Joseph de Saint-Germain d'Apchon">Saint-Germain d'Apchon</a> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr valign="center"> <td rowspan="3" align="center"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/French_ship_Vaillant_(1756)" title="French ship Vaillant (1756)"><i>Vaillant</i></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/64-gun" class="mw-redirect" title="64-gun">64</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Joseph-Bernard_de_Chabert-Cogolin" title="Joseph-Bernard de Chabert-Cogolin">Chabert-Cogolin</a> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr valign="center"> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/French_ship_Provence_(1763)" title="French ship Provence (1763)"><i>Provence</i></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/64-gun" class="mw-redirect" title="64-gun">64</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Victor-Louis_Desmichels_de_Champorcin" title="Victor-Louis Desmichels de Champorcin">Desmichels de Champorcin</a> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr valign="center"> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/French_ship_Sagittaire_(1761)" title="French ship Sagittaire (1761)"><i>Sagittaire</i></a> </td> <td align="center">50 </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Hector_d%27Albert_de_Rions" title="François Hector d'Albert de Rions">Albert de Rions</a> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr valign="center"> <th colspan="8" bgcolor="white">Reconnaissance and signals </th></tr> <tr valign="center"> <td rowspan="4" align="center"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/French_frigate_Chim%C3%A8re_(1758)" title="French frigate Chimère (1758)"><i>Chimère</i></a> </td> <td align="center">32-gun frigate </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Cresp_de_Saint-C%C3%A9saire" title="Antoine Cresp de Saint-Césaire">Cresp de Saint-Césaire</a> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr valign="center"> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/French_frigate_Engageante_(1768)" class="mw-redirect" title="French frigate Engageante (1768)"><i>Engageante</i></a> </td> <td align="center">26-gun frigate </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Charles-Ren%C3%A9_de_Gras-Pr%C3%A9ville" title="Charles-René de Gras-Préville">Gras-Préville</a> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr valign="center"> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/French_frigate_Alcm%C3%A8ne_(1774)" title="French frigate Alcmène (1774)"><i>Alcmène</i></a> </td> <td align="center">26-gun frigate </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Ren%C3%A9-B%C3%A9nigne-M%C3%A9riadec_de_Bonneval" title="Pierre-René-Bénigne-Mériadec de Bonneval">Bonneval</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEContenson1934142_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEContenson1934142-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr valign="center"> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/French_frigate_Aimable_(1776)" title="French frigate Aimable (1776)"><i>Aimable</i></a> </td> <td align="center">26-gun frigate </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Antoine-Stanislas_de_Curi%C3%A8res_de_Castelnau_Saint-Cosme_Sainte-Eulalie" title="Antoine-Stanislas de Curières de Castelnau Saint-Cosme Sainte-Eulalie">Saint-Eulalie</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEContenson1934167_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEContenson1934167-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="British_line_of_battle">British line of battle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_St._Lucia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: British line of battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" border="1"> <tbody><tr> <th>Ship<sup id="cite_ref-E91_3_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-E91_3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Rating_system_of_the_Royal_Navy" title="Rating system of the Royal Navy">Rate</a> </th> <th>Guns </th> <th>Commander </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/HMS_Prince_of_Wales_(1765)" title="HMS Prince of Wales (1765)">HMS <i>Prince of Wales</i></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Third_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Third rate">Third rate</a> </td> <td align="center">74 </td> <td>Admiral <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Barrington" title="Samuel Barrington">Samuel Barrington</a><br />Captain Benjamin Hill </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/HMS_Boyne_(1766)" title="HMS Boyne (1766)">HMS <i>Boyne</i></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Third_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Third rate">Third rate</a> </td> <td align="center">70 </td> <td>Captain <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Sawyer_(1730%E2%80%931798)" class="mw-redirect" title="Herbert Sawyer (1730–1798)">Herbert Sawyer</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/HMS_Preston_(1757)" title="HMS Preston (1757)">HMS <i>Preston</i></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Fourth_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Fourth rate">Fourth rate</a> </td> <td align="center">50 </td> <td>Commodore <a href="/wiki/William_Hotham,_1st_Baron_Hotham" title="William Hotham, 1st Baron Hotham">William Hotham</a><br />Captain Samuel Uppleby </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/HMS_St_Albans_(1764)" title="HMS St Albans (1764)">HMS <i>St Albans</i></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Third_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Third rate">Third rate</a> </td> <td align="center">64 </td> <td>Captain <a href="/wiki/Sir_Richard_Onslow,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Richard Onslow, 1st Baronet">Richard Onslow</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/HMS_Nonsuch_(1774)" title="HMS Nonsuch (1774)">HMS <i>Nonsuch</i></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Third_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Third rate">Third rate</a> </td> <td align="center">64 </td> <td>Captain <a href="/wiki/Walter_Griffith" title="Walter Griffith">Walter Griffith</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/HMS_Centurion_(1774)" title="HMS Centurion (1774)">HMS <i>Centurion</i></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Fourth_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Fourth rate">Fourth rate</a> </td> <td align="center">50 </td> <td>Captain Richard Braithwaite </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/HMS_Isis_(1774)" title="HMS Isis (1774)">HMS <i>Isis</i></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Fourth_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Fourth rate">Fourth rate</a> </td> <td align="center">50 </td> <td>Captain John Raynor </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/HMS_Venus_(1758)" title="HMS Venus (1758)">HMS <i>Venus</i></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Fifth_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Fifth rate">Fifth rate</a> </td> <td align="center">36 </td> <td>Captain James Ferguson </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/HMS_Aurora_(1777)" title="HMS Aurora (1777)">HMS <i>Aurora</i></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Sixth_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Sixth rate">Sixth rate</a> </td> <td align="center">28 </td> <td>Captain James Cumming </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=HMS_Ariadne_(1776)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HMS Ariadne (1776) (page does not exist)">HMS <i>Ariadne</i></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Sixth_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Sixth rate">Sixth rate</a> </td> <td align="center">20 </td> <td>Captain <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pringle_(Royal_Navy_officer)" title="Thomas Pringle (Royal Navy officer)">Thomas Pringle</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_St._Lucia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_St._Lucia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Gar1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gar1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gar1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gar1_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gar1_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Navies and the American Revolution, 1775–1783</i>. Robert Gardiner, ed. Chatham Publishing, 1997, pp. 88–91. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55750-623-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-55750-623-X">1-55750-623-X</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Orr, Tamra. <i>St. Lucia.</i> Marshall Cavendish, 2008; p. 31. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-2569-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-2569-4">978-0-7614-2569-4</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-E91-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-E91_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-E91_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Ekins" title="Charles Ekins">Ekins, Charles</a>. <i>The Naval Battles of Great Britain: From the Accession of the Illustrious House of Hanover to the Throne to the Battle of Navarin.</i> Baldwin and Cradock, 1828; p. 91.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-E93-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-E93_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-E93_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ekins, p. 93.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-E91_3-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-E91_3_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-E91_3_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ekins, pp. 91–93.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jaques, Tony. <i>Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: A Guide to 8,500 Battles from Antiquity Through the Twenty-first Century</i>. Greenwood Publishing Group, 2007; p. 882. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-33536-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-33536-5">978-0-313-33536-5</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCunningham1853" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/George_Godfrey_Cunningham" title="George Godfrey Cunningham">Cunningham, George Godfrey</a> (1853). <i>A History of England in the Lives of Englishmen</i>. A. Fullarton. p. 133.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+England+in+the+Lives+of+Englishmen&rft.pages=133&rft.pub=A.+Fullarton&rft.date=1853&rft.aulast=Cunningham&rft.aufirst=George+Godfrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+St.+Lucia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, James Grant, and John Fiske. <i>Appletons' Cyclopaedia of American Biography</i>. D. Appleton, 1900; p. 5:109.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ekins, pp. 92–93.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClowes1996" class="citation book cs1">Clowes, William Laird (1996) [1900]. <i>The Royal Navy, A History from the Earliest Times to 1900, Volume III</i>. London: Chatham Publishing. pp. <span class="nowrap">431–</span>432. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86176-012-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-86176-012-4"><bdi>1-86176-012-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Royal+Navy%2C+A+History+from+the+Earliest+Times+to+1900%2C+Volume+III&rft.place=London&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E431-%3C%2Fspan%3E432&rft.pub=Chatham+Publishing&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=1-86176-012-4&rft.aulast=Clowes&rft.aufirst=William+Laird&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+St.+Lucia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETroude186719-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETroude186719_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTroude1867">Troude (1867)</a>, p. 19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETroude186741-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETroude186741_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTroude1867">Troude (1867)</a>, p. 41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEContenson1934142-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEContenson1934142_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFContenson1934">Contenson (1934)</a>, p. 142.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEContenson1934167-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEContenson1934167_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFContenson1934">Contenson (1934)</a>, p. 167.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_St._Lucia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFContenson1934" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ludovic_de_Contenson" title="Ludovic de Contenson">Contenson, Ludovic</a> (1934). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k65709399"><i>La Société des Cincinnati de France et la guerre d'Amérique (1778–1783)</i></a>. Paris: éditions Auguste Picard. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/7842336">7842336</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9+des+Cincinnati+de+France+et+la+guerre+d%27Am%C3%A9rique+%281778%E2%80%931783%29&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=%C3%A9ditions+Auguste+Picard&rft.date=1934&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F7842336&rft.aulast=Contenson&rft.aufirst=Ludovic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgallica.bnf.fr%2Fark%3A%2F12148%2Fbpt6k65709399&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+St.+Lucia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLacour-Gayet1905" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Georges_Lacour-Gayet" title="Georges Lacour-Gayet">Lacour-Gayet, Georges</a> (1905). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k118128n"><i>La marine militaire de la France sous le règne de Louis XVI</i></a>. Paris: Honoré Champion. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/763372623">763372623</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+marine+militaire+de+la+France+sous+le+r%C3%A8gne+de+Louis+XVI&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Honor%C3%A9+Champion&rft.date=1905&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F763372623&rft.aulast=Lacour-Gayet&rft.aufirst=Georges&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgallica.bnf.fr%2Fark%3A%2F12148%2Fbpt6k118128n&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+St.+Lucia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTroude1867" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/On%C3%A9sime-Joachim_Troude" title="Onésime-Joachim Troude">Troude, Onésime-Joachim</a> (1867). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6541320m"><i>Batailles navales de la France</i></a> (in French). Vol. 2. Challamel ainé. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/836362484">836362484</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Batailles+navales+de+la+France&rft.pub=Challamel+ain%C3%A9&rft.date=1867&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F836362484&rft.aulast=Troude&rft.aufirst=On%C3%A9sime-Joachim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgallica.bnf.fr%2Fark%3A%2F12148%2Fbpt6k6541320m&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+St.+Lucia" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="American_Revolutionary_War165" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed 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style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="American_Revolutionary_War165" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div id="Origins_of_the_American_Revolution165" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Origins of the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Philosophy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Enlightenment" title="American Enlightenment">American Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Locke" title="John Locke">John Locke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_history_of_the_United_States" title="Colonial history of the United States">Colonial history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_the_United_States" title="Liberalism in the United States">Liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_the_United_States" title="Republicanism in the United States">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_the_United_States" title="Freedom of religion in the United States">Freedom of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rights_of_Englishmen" title="Rights of Englishmen">Rights of Englishmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_taxation_without_representation" title="No taxation without representation">No taxation without representation</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Common_Sense" title="Common Sense">Common Sense</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_of_%2776_(sentiment)" title="Spirit of '76 (sentiment)">Spirit of '76</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/All_men_are_created_equal" title="All men are created equal">All men are created equal</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Life,_Liberty_and_the_pursuit_of_Happiness" title="Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness">Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Consent_of_the_governed" title="Consent of the governed">Consent of the governed</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expansionism" title="Expansionism">Expansionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Settler_colonialism" title="Settler colonialism">Settler colonialism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Royalists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pitt%E2%80%93Newcastle_ministry" title="Pitt–Newcastle ministry">Pitt–Newcastle ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bute_ministry" title="Bute ministry">Bute ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenville_ministry" title="Grenville ministry">Grenville ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Rockingham_ministry" title="First Rockingham ministry">First Rockingham ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chatham_ministry" title="Chatham ministry">Chatham ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grafton_ministry" title="Grafton ministry">Grafton ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_ministry" title="North ministry">North ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Rockingham_ministry" title="Second Rockingham ministry">Second Rockingham ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelburne_ministry" title="Shelburne ministry">Shelburne ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox%E2%80%93North_coalition" title="Fox–North coalition">Fox–North coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loyalist_(American_Revolution)" title="Loyalist (American Revolution)">Loyalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Loyalist" title="Black Loyalist">Black Loyalist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Related British<br />Acts of Parliament</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Navigation_Acts" title="Navigation Acts">Navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_Act" title="Iron Act">Iron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molasses_Act" title="Molasses Act">Molasses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Proclamation_of_1763" title="Royal Proclamation of 1763">Royal Proclamation of 1763</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugar_Act" title="Sugar Act">Sugar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Currency_Act" title="Currency Act">Currency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quartering_Acts" title="Quartering Acts">Quartering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamp_Act_1765" title="Stamp Act 1765">Stamp</a> up i.p.o</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaratory_Act" title="Declaratory Act">Declaratory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Townshend_Acts" title="Townshend Acts">Townshend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_Act" title="Tea Act">Tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_Act" title="Quebec Act">Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intolerable_Acts" title="Intolerable Acts">Intolerable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conciliatory_Resolution" title="Conciliatory Resolution">Conciliatory Resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restraining_Acts_1775" title="Restraining Acts 1775">Restraining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Rebellion" title="Proclamation of Rebellion">Proclamation of Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prohibitory_Act" title="Prohibitory Act">Prohibitory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Colonials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loyal_Nine" title="Loyal Nine">Loyal Nine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamp_Act_Congress" title="Stamp Act Congress">Stamp Act Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_Rights_and_Grievances" title="Declaration of Rights and Grievances">Declaration of Rights and Grievances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Association" title="Virginia Association">Virginia Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daughters_of_Liberty" title="Daughters of Liberty">Daughters of Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_Liberty" title="Sons of Liberty">Sons of Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriot_(American_Revolution)" title="Patriot (American Revolution)">Patriots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Patriot" title="Black Patriot">Black Patriots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committees_of_correspondence" title="Committees of correspondence">Committees of correspondence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_safety_(American_Revolution)" title="Committee of safety (American Revolution)">Committees of safety</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Letters_from_a_Farmer_in_Pennsylvania" title="Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania">Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Circular_Letter" title="Massachusetts Circular Letter">Massachusetts Circular Letter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_Resolves" title="Suffolk Resolves">Suffolk Resolves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Continental_Congress" title="First Continental Congress">First Continental Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Association" title="Continental Association">Continental Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minutemen" title="Minutemen">Minutemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_Congress" title="Provincial Congress">Provincial Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Continental_Congress" title="Second Continental Congress">Second Continental Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Colonies" title="United Colonies">United Colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olive_Branch_Petition" title="Olive Branch Petition">Olive Branch Petition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_the_Causes_and_Necessity_of_Taking_Up_Arms" title="Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms">Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Secret_Correspondence" title="Committee of Secret Correspondence">Committee of Secret Correspondence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halifax_Resolves" title="Halifax Resolves">Halifax Resolves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Resolution" title="Lee Resolution">Lee Resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="United States Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Model_Treaty" title="Model Treaty">Model Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Articles_of_Confederation" title="Articles of Confederation">Articles of Confederation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Perpetual_Union" title="Perpetual Union">Perpetual Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Confederation" title="Congress of the Confederation">Confederation Congress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_and_Indian_War" title="French and Indian War">French and Indian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1763)" title="Treaty of Paris (1763)">Treaty of Paris (1763)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Massacre" title="Boston Massacre">Boston Massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_credit_crisis_of_1772%E2%80%931773" title="British credit crisis of 1772–1773">British credit crisis of 1772–1773</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaspee_affair" title="Gaspee affair">Gaspee affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hutchinson_letters_affair" title="Hutchinson letters affair">Hutchinson letters affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Tea_Party" title="Boston Tea Party">Boston Tea Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Tea_Party" title="Philadelphia Tea Party">Philadelphia Tea Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powder_Alarm" title="Powder Alarm">Powder Alarm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div id="*_Combatants_*_Campaigns_*_Theaters_*_Battles_*_Events_*_Colonies165" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"> <ul><li>Combatants</li> <li>Campaigns</li> <li>Theaters</li> <li>Battles</li> <li>Events</li> <li>Colonies</li></ul> </div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Combatants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/United_Colonies" title="United Colonies">United Colonies</a>/<a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">Thirteen Colonies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Congress" title="Continental Congress">Continental Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Army" title="Continental Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Navy" title="Continental Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Marines" title="Continental Marines">Marines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Kingdom of Great Britain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Great_Britain" title="Parliament of Great Britain">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Army#Early_British_Empire" title="British Army">British Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy#1707–1815" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germans_in_the_American_Revolution#European_allies_of_Britain" title="Germans in the American Revolution">European allies of King George III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Colonial allies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/France_in_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="France in the American Revolutionary War">France</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Alliance_(1778)" title="Treaty of Alliance (1778)">Franco-American Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Army" title="French Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Navy" title="French Navy">Navy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roderigue_Hortalez_and_Company" title="Roderigue Hortalez and Company">Hortalez et Cie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germans_in_the_American_Revolution#American_and_European_supporters_of_Congress" title="Germans in the American Revolution">German supporters of Congress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Campaigns and<br />theaters</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_campaign" title="Boston campaign">Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Quebec_(1775)" title="Invasion of Quebec (1775)">Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia_in_the_American_Revolution" title="Nova Scotia in the American Revolution">Nova Scotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_and_New_Jersey_campaign" title="New York and New Jersey campaign">New York and New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saratoga_campaign" title="Saratoga campaign">Saratoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_campaign" title="Philadelphia campaign">Philadelphia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_theater_of_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="Northern theater of the American Revolutionary War">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_theater_of_the_American_Revolutionary_War_after_Saratoga" title="Northern theater of the American Revolutionary War after Saratoga">Northern after Saratoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_theater_of_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_theater_of_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="Western theater of the American Revolutionary War">Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yorktown_campaign" title="Yorktown campaign">Yorktown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_battles_of_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="Naval battles of the American Revolutionary War">Naval battles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Major <a href="/wiki/List_of_American_Revolutionary_War_battles" title="List of American Revolutionary War battles">battles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_Lexington_and_Concord" title="Battles of Lexington and Concord">Lexington and Concord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Boston" title="Siege of Boston">Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Fort_Ticonderoga" title="Capture of Fort Ticonderoga">Capture of Fort Ticonderoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bunker_Hill" title="Battle of Bunker Hill">Bunker Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Quebec_(1775)" title="Battle of Quebec (1775)">Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Valcour_Island" title="Battle of Valcour Island">Valcour Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Long_Island" title="Battle of Long Island">Long Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Harlem_Heights" title="Battle of Harlem Heights">Harlem Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_Washington" title="Battle of Fort Washington">Fort Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trenton" title="Battle of Trenton">Trenton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Assunpink_Creek" title="Battle of the Assunpink Creek">Assunpink Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Princeton" title="Battle of Princeton">Princeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Fort_Ticonderoga_(1777)" title="Siege of Fort Ticonderoga (1777)">Siege of Fort Ticonderoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bennington" title="Battle of Bennington">Bennington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_Saratoga" title="Battles of Saratoga">Saratoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Oriskany" title="Battle of Oriskany">Oriskany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brandywine" title="Battle of Brandywine">Brandywine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Germantown" title="Battle of Germantown">Germantown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Monmouth" title="Battle of Monmouth">Monmouth</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">St. Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Grenada" title="Battle of Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stony_Point" title="Battle of Stony Point">Stony Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sullivan_Expedition" title="Sullivan Expedition">Sullivan Expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Savannah" title="Siege of Savannah">Savannah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Siege_of_Gibraltar" title="Great Siege of Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_St._Vincent_(1780)" title="Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1780)">Cape St. Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Charleston" title="Siege of Charleston">Charleston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Connecticut_Farms" title="Battle of Connecticut Farms">Connecticut Farms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Springfield" title="Battle of Springfield">Springfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Camden" title="Battle of Camden">Camden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kings_Mountain" title="Battle of Kings Mountain">Kings Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cowpens" title="Battle of Cowpens">Cowpens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Pensacola" title="Siege of Pensacola">Pensacola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guilford_Court_House" title="Battle of Guilford Court House">Guilford Court House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lochry%27s_Defeat" title="Lochry's Defeat">Lochry's Defeat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Chesapeake" title="Battle of the Chesapeake">Chesapeake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Yorktown" title="Siege of Yorktown">Yorktown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Saintes" title="Battle of the Saintes">The Saintes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Other events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Peace_Conference" title="Staten Island Peace Conference">Staten Island Peace Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sint_Eustatius#"First_Salute"" title="Sint Eustatius">"First Salute"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington%27s_crossing_of_the_Delaware_River" title="George Washington's crossing of the Delaware River">Washington's crossing of the Delaware River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conway_Cabal" title="Conway Cabal">Conway Cabal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valley_Forge" title="Valley Forge">Valley Forge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco-American_alliance" title="Franco-American alliance">Entry of France into war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlisle_Peace_Commission" title="Carlisle Peace Commission">Carlisle Peace Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Riots" title="Gordon Riots">Gordon Riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Line_Mutiny" title="Pennsylvania Line Mutiny">Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1781</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Sint_Eustatius" title="Capture of Sint Eustatius">Sint Eustatius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newburgh_Conspiracy" title="Newburgh Conspiracy">Newburgh Conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Mutiny_of_1783" title="Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783">Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Related conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee%E2%80%93American_wars" title="Cherokee–American wars">Cherokee–American wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Anglo-Dutch_War" title="Fourth Anglo-Dutch War">Fourth Anglo-Dutch War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Mysore_War" title="Second Anglo-Mysore War">Second Anglo-Mysore War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Involvement <span class="nobold">(by <br />colony or location)</span></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">Rebel colonies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Connecticut#The_American_Revolution_(1775–1789)" title="History of Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Line" title="Delaware Line">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_in_the_American_Revolution" title="Georgia in the American Revolution">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryland_in_the_American_Revolution" title="Maryland in the American Revolution">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Massachusetts#Revolutionary_Massachusetts:_1760s–1780s" title="History of Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_New_Hampshire#Revolution:_1775–1815" title="History of New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_in_the_American_Revolution" title="New Jersey in the American Revolution">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_in_the_American_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="New York in the American Revolution">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_in_the_American_Revolution#American_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="North Carolina in the American Revolution">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_in_the_American_Revolution" title="Pennsylvania in the American Revolution">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island_in_the_American_Revolution#Revolutionary_era_1775-1790" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhode Island in the American Revolution">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_in_the_American_Revolution" title="South Carolina in the American Revolution">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_in_the_American_Revolution#American_Revolution" title="Virginia in the American Revolution">Virginia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Loyal colonies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Florida" title="East Florida">East Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia#17th_and_18th_centuries" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Quebec_(1763%E2%80%931791)" title="Province of Quebec (1763–1791)">Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Florida" title="West Florida">West Florida</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div id="Leaders165" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Leaders</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">British</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mariot_Arbuthnot" title="Mariot Arbuthnot">Arbuthnot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Brant" title="Joseph Brant">Brant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Burgoyne" title="John Burgoyne">Burgoyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Campbell,_of_Strachur" title="John Campbell, of Strachur">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Carleton,_1st_Baron_Dorchester" title="Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester">Carleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clinton_(British_Army_officer,_born_1730)" title="Henry Clinton (British Army officer, born 1730)">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Cornwallis,_1st_Marquess_Cornwallis" title="Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis">Cornwallis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Fraser_of_Lovat" title="Simon Fraser of Lovat">Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gage" title="Thomas Gage">Gage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Graves,_1st_Baron_Graves" title="Thomas Graves, 1st Baron Graves">Graves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Howe,_1st_Earl_Howe" title="Richard Howe, 1st Earl Howe">Richard Howe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howe,_5th_Viscount_Howe" title="William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe">William Howe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_von_Knyphausen" title="Wilhelm von Knyphausen">Knyphausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Rodney,_1st_Baron_Rodney" title="George Rodney, 1st Baron Rodney">Rodney</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Civilian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_III" title="George III">King George III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffery_Amherst,_1st_Baron_Amherst" title="Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst">Amherst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Barrington,_2nd_Viscount_Barrington" title="William Barrington, 2nd Viscount Barrington">Barrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Germain,_1st_Viscount_Sackville" title="George Germain, 1st Viscount Sackville">Germain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_North,_Lord_North" title="Frederick North, Lord North">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Watson-Wentworth,_2nd_Marquess_of_Rockingham" title="Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham">Rockingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Montagu,_4th_Earl_of_Sandwich" title="John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich">Sandwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne" title="William Petty, 2nd Earl of Shelburne">Shelburne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Colonial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Alexander,_Lord_Stirling" title="William Alexander, Lord Stirling">Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethan_Allen" title="Ethan Allen">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedict_Arnold" title="Benedict Arnold">Arnold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Barry_(naval_officer)" title="John Barry (naval officer)">Barry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Claghorn" title="George Claghorn">Claghorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Rogers_Clark" title="George Rogers Clark">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Leb%C3%A8gue_Duportail" title="Louis Lebègue Duportail">Duportail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horatio_Gates" title="Horatio Gates">Gates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathanael_Greene" title="Nathanael Greene">Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton" title="Alexander Hamilton">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esek_Hopkins" title="Esek Hopkins">Hopkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_Jones" title="John Paul Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_de_Kalb" title="Johann de Kalb">de Kalb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Knox" title="Henry Knox">Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_du_Motier,_Marquis_de_Lafayette" title="Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette">Lafayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lee_(general)" title="Charles Lee (general)">Charles Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Lincoln" title="Benjamin Lincoln">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Mercer" title="Hugh Mercer">Mercer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Montgomery" title="Richard Montgomery">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Nicholson" title="Samuel Nicholson">Nicholson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Putnam" title="Israel Putnam">Putnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caesar_Rodney" title="Caesar Rodney">Rodney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_St._Clair" title="Arthur St. Clair">St. Clair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Schuyler" title="Philip Schuyler">Schuyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_von_Steuben" title="Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben">von Steuben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sullivan_(general)" title="John Sullivan (general)">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemas_Ward" title="Artemas Ward">Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Wayne" title="Anthony Wayne">Wayne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Civilian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">John Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Adams" title="Samuel Adams">Samuel Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Carroll_of_Carrollton" title="Charles Carroll of Carrollton">Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dickinson" title="John Dickinson">Dickinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hancock" title="John Hancock">Hancock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hanson" title="John Hanson">Hanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Henry" title="Patrick Henry">Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Huntington_(Connecticut_politician)" title="Samuel Huntington (Connecticut politician)">Huntington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Jay" title="John Jay">Jay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Laurens" title="Henry Laurens">Laurens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Henry_Lee" title="Richard Henry Lee">Richard Henry Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_McKean" title="Thomas McKean">McKean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Morris_(financier)" title="Robert Morris (financier)">Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Revere" title="Paul Revere">Revere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Rush" title="Benjamin Rush">Rush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Witherspoon" title="John Witherspoon">Witherspoon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Colonial allies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="French6" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">French</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVI" title="Louis XVI">Louis XVI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Beaumarchais" title="Pierre Beaumarchais">Beaumarchais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Henri_Hector,_Count_of_Estaing" title="Charles Henri Hector, Count of Estaing">d'Estaing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Joseph_Paul_de_Grasse" title="François Joseph Paul de Grasse">de Grasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luc_Urbain_du_Bou%C3%ABxic,_comte_de_Guichen" title="Luc Urbain du Bouëxic, comte de Guichen">de Guichen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne-C%C3%A9sar_de_La_Luzerne" title="Anne-César de La Luzerne">Luzerne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Donatien_de_Vimeur,_comte_de_Rochambeau" title="Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau">de Rochambeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Andr%C3%A9_de_Suffren" title="Pierre André de Suffren">Suffren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Gravier,_comte_de_Vergennes" title="Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes">Vergennes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div id="Aftermath165" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Aftermath</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_the_Cincinnati" title="Society of the Cincinnati">Society of the Cincinnati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1783)" title="Treaty of Paris (1783)">Treaty of Paris (1783)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evacuation_Day_(New_York)" title="Evacuation Day (New York)">Evacuation Day (1783)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratification_Day_(United_States)" title="Ratification Day (United States)">Ratification Day (1784)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Convention_(United_States)" title="Constitutional Convention (United States)">Constitutional Convention</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Federalist_Papers" title="The Federalist Papers">The Federalist Papers</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rights" title="United States Bill of Rights">Bill of Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shays%27s_Rebellion" title="Shays's Rebellion">Shays's Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Treaty" title="Jay Treaty">Jay Treaty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div id="*_Related_topics165" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"> <ul><li>Related topics</li></ul> </div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prisoners_of_war_in_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="Prisoners of war in the American Revolutionary War">Prisoners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turtle_(submersible)" title="Turtle (submersible)">The <i>Turtle</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Political</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States" title="Founding Fathers of the United States">Founding Fathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diplomacy_in_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="Diplomacy in the American Revolutionary War">Diplomacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Tree" title="Liberty Tree">Liberty Tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yankee_Doodle" title="Yankee Doodle">Yankee Doodle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_American_Revolution" title="Timeline of the American Revolution">Timeline of the American Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_the_Revolutionary_War" title="African Americans in the Revolutionary War">African Americans in the Revolutionary War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogs_in_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="Dogs in the American Revolutionary War">Dogs in the American Revolutionary War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_in_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="Intelligence in the American Revolutionary War">Intelligence in the American Revolutionary War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_American_Revolution" title="Women in the American Revolution">Women in the American Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_costs_of_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="Financial costs of the American Revolutionary War">Financial costs of the war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_currency_banknotes" title="Continental currency banknotes">Continental currency banknotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Currency_dollar_coin" title="Continental Currency dollar coin">Continental Currency dollar coin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertas_Americana" title="Libertas Americana">Libertas Americana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commemoration_of_the_American_Revolution" title="Commemoration of the American Revolution">Commemoration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_about_the_American_Revolution" title="List of films about the American Revolution">films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_television_series_and_miniseries_about_the_American_Revolution" title="List of television series and miniseries about the American Revolution">television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_plays_and_musicals_about_the_American_Revolution" title="List of plays and musicals about the American Revolution">theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(United_States)" title="Independence Day (United States)">Independence Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriots%27_Day" title="Patriots' Day">Patriots' Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Pulaski_Memorial_Day" title="General Pulaski Memorial Day">Pulaski Memorial Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidents%27_Day" title="Presidents' Day">Washington's Birthday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson%27s_Birthday" title="Jefferson's Birthday">Jefferson's Birthday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Von_Steuben_Day" title="Von Steuben Day">Von Steuben Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minor_American_Revolution_holidays" title="Minor American Revolution holidays">Minor holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centennial_Exposition" title="Centennial Exposition">Centennial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sesquicentennial_Exposition" title="Sesquicentennial Exposition">Sesquicentennial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Bicentennial" title="United States Bicentennial">Bicentennial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Semiquincentennial" title="United States Semiquincentennial">Semiquincentennial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children_of_the_American_Revolution" title="Children of the American Revolution">Children of the American Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daughters_of_the_American_Revolution" title="Daughters of the American Revolution">Daughters of the American Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_the_American_Revolution" title="Sons of the American Revolution">Sons of the American Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_the_Revolution" title="Sons of the Revolution">Sons of the Revolution</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charters_of_Freedom" title="Charters of Freedom">Charters of Freedom Rotunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_the_American_Revolution" title="Museum of the American Revolution">Museum of the American Revolution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link 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href="/wiki/British_Windward_Islands" title="British Windward Islands">British Windward Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_and_administrators_of_Saint_Lucia" title="List of colonial governors and administrators of Saint Lucia">Colonial Governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Indies_Federation" title="West Indies Federation">West Indies Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Indies_Associated_States" title="West Indies Associated States">West Indies Associated States</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Flag of Saint Lucia"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Coat_of_arms_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Coat_of_arms_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Coat_of_arms_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="528" data-file-height="479" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Geography of Saint Lucia">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quarters_of_Saint_Lucia" class="mw-redirect" title="Quarters of Saint Lucia">Districts/Quarters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Saint_Lucia" title="List of cities in Saint Lucia">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Saint_Lucia#Beaches" title="Tourism in Saint Lucia">Beaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Caribbean_islands#Saint_Lucia" title="List of Caribbean islands">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Gimie" title="Mount Gimie">Mount Gimie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitons_(Saint_Lucia)" title="Pitons (Saint Lucia)">Pitons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Saint_Lucia" title="List of rivers of Saint Lucia">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qualibou" title="Qualibou">Volcanoes</a></li> <li>Fauna: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_amphibians_and_reptiles_of_Saint_Lucia" title="List of amphibians and reptiles of Saint Lucia">amphibians and reptiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Saint_Lucia" title="List of birds of Saint Lucia">birds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_Saint_Lucia" title="List of mammals of Saint Lucia">mammals</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Saint_Lucia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Saint Lucia">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Politics of Saint Lucia">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Saint_Lucia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Saint Lucia (page does not exist)">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Saint_Lucia" title="List of diplomatic missions in Saint Lucia">Diplomatic missions in Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Saint_Lucia" title="List of diplomatic missions of Saint Lucia">Diplomatic missions of Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Saint_Lucia" title="Elections in Saint Lucia">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Foreign relations of Saint Lucia">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Saint_Lucia_Police_Force" title="Royal Saint Lucia Police Force">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Military of Saint Lucia">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Monarchy of Saint Lucia">Monarchy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_tours_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Royal tours of Saint Lucia">Royal tours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Governor-General of Saint Lucia">Governors-General</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Parliament of Saint Lucia">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Politics of Saint Lucia">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Saint_Lucia" title="List of political parties in Saint Lucia">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Saint_Lucia" title="List of prime ministers of Saint Lucia">Prime Minister</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Economy of Saint Lucia">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Saint_Lucia" title="List of companies of Saint Lucia">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Caribbean_dollar" title="Eastern Caribbean dollar">Dollar <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Saint_Lucia" title="Health in Saint Lucia">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Saint_Lucia#Hospitals" title="Health in Saint Lucia">Hospitals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Saint_Lucia" title="Telecommunications in Saint Lucia">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Saint_Lucia" title="Tourism in Saint Lucia">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_unions_in_Saint_Lucia" title="Trade unions in Saint Lucia">Trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Saint_Lucia" title="Transport in Saint Lucia">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Category:Society of Saint Lucia">Society</a></th><td 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