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from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Important_places_in_Siena" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Important_places_in_Siena"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Important places in Siena</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Important_places_in_Siena-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Palio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Palio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>The Palio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Palio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Related_pages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Related_pages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Related pages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Related_pages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_websites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_websites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Other websites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_websites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Siena</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 105 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-105" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">105 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C3%ABna" title="Siëna – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Siëna" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7" title="سيينا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيينا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE" title="সিয়েনা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সিয়েনা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сіена – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сіена" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сіена – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сіена" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сиена – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сиена" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena_(munisipyo)" title="Siena (munisipyo) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Siena (munisipyo)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B9%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B1" title="Σιένα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σιένα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9na" title="Séna – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Séna" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieno" title="Sieno – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sieno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D8%A7" title="سیه‌نا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیه‌نا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sienne" title="Sienne – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sienne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siene" title="Siene – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Siene" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EC%97%90%EB%82%98" title="시에나 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="시에나" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%AB%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A1_(%D6%84%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A1%D6%84)" title="Սիենա (քաղաք) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սիենա (քաղաք)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="सियेना – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सियेना" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD%C3%A6" title="Сиенæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Сиенæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94" title="סיינה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סיינה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="სიენა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სიენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сиена – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сиена" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sena_Iulia" title="Sena Iulia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sena Iulia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sj%C4%93na" title="Sjēna – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sjēna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena_(miestas)" title="Siena (miestas) – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Siena (miestas)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senn-a" title="Senn-a – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Senn-a" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сиена – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Сиена" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="सियेना – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सियेना" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7" title="سيينا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سيينا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сьена – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Сьена" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena_(stad)" title="Siena (stad) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Siena (stad)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8A" title="シエーナ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シエーナ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сиена – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Сиена" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sienne" title="Sienne – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Sienne" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sien-a" title="Sien-a – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Sien-a" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сиена – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сиена" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="सिएना – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="सिएना" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena_(mesto)" title="Siena (mesto) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Siena (mesto)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сијена – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сијена" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сиена – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Сиена" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2" title="ซีเอนา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซีเอนา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D1%94%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сієна – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сієна" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7" title="سئینا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سئینا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%80%B6%E9%82%A3" title="西耶那 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="西耶那" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A3%AB%E8%80%B6%E6%8B%BF" title="士耶拿 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="士耶拿" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena" title="Siena – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Siena" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%94%A1%E8%80%B6%E7%BA%B3" title="锡耶纳 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="锡耶纳" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2751#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Change links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div 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about a World Heritage Site" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Maailmanperint%C3%B6kohde_772b_tunnusosa.svg/20px-Maailmanperint%C3%B6kohde_772b_tunnusosa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Maailmanperint%C3%B6kohde_772b_tunnusosa.svg/30px-Maailmanperint%C3%B6kohde_772b_tunnusosa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Maailmanperint%C3%B6kohde_772b_tunnusosa.svg/40px-Maailmanperint%C3%B6kohde_772b_tunnusosa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1594" data-file-height="1594" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:02_Sienne_vue_de_San_Clemente.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/02_Sienne_vue_de_San_Clemente.jpg/250px-02_Sienne_vue_de_San_Clemente.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/02_Sienne_vue_de_San_Clemente.jpg/375px-02_Sienne_vue_de_San_Clemente.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/02_Sienne_vue_de_San_Clemente.jpg/500px-02_Sienne_vue_de_San_Clemente.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3001" data-file-height="2251" /></a><figcaption>Siena</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SienaCampanile.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/SienaCampanile.jpg/220px-SienaCampanile.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="317" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/SienaCampanile.jpg/330px-SienaCampanile.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/SienaCampanile.jpg/440px-SienaCampanile.jpg 2x" data-file-width="455" data-file-height="656" /></a><figcaption>The well <i>known bell tower</i> of the Siena Cathedral</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Siena.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Siena.svg/150px-Flag_of_Siena.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Siena.svg/225px-Flag_of_Siena.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Siena.svg/300px-Flag_of_Siena.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Flag</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Siena-Stemma.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Siena-Stemma.png/90px-Siena-Stemma.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Siena-Stemma.png/135px-Siena-Stemma.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Siena-Stemma.png/180px-Siena-Stemma.png 2x" data-file-width="777" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>coat of arms</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Siena</b> is a <a href="/wiki/City" title="City">city</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italian</a> <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">region</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany">Tuscany</a>. Its name is spelt <i><b>Siena</b></i> in <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>. The city has a <a href="/wiki/Population" title="Population">population</a> of about 54,000. </p><p>The historic centre of Siena has been declared by <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> a <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is one of the nation's most visited tourist attractions, with over 163,000 international arrivals in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Siena is famous for its <a href="/wiki/Cuisine" title="Cuisine">cuisine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Art" title="Art">art</a>, museums, medieval cityscape and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palio_di_Siena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palio di Siena (not yet started)">the Palio</a>, a horse race held twice yearly. </p><p>Siena began as <a href="/wiki/Etruscan_civilization" title="Etruscan civilization">Etruscan</a>, before it was conquered by <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Ancient Rome</a>. Sienna prospered under the <a href="/wiki/Lombards" title="Lombards">Lombards</a>, who became the first Kings of Italy. Lombard nobles governed it until the 8th century, when they were conquered by <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a> and his <a href="/wiki/Franks" title="Franks">Franks</a>. <a href="/wiki/Feudal" class="mw-redirect" title="Feudal">Feudal</a> rule ended with the death of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Countess_Matilda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Countess Matilda (not yet started)">Countess Matilda</a> in 1115, and Sienna became an independent city with its own <a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">government</a>. There were struggles between Siena and <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">renaissance</a>. The city did well in <a href="/wiki/Wool" title="Wool">wool</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Money_lending&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Money lending (not yet started)">money lending</a> or <a href="/wiki/Usury" title="Usury">usury</a>, the charging of <a href="/wiki/Interest" title="Interest">interest</a> on <a href="/wiki/Loan" title="Loan">loans</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siena&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: History" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siena&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: History"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>- 900 to 400 BC: Sienna, like other <a href="/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany">Tuscan</a> hill towns were occuped by <a href="/wiki/Etruscan_civilization" title="Etruscan civilization">Etruscans</a> that changed the territories with their technology of <a href="/wiki/Irrigation" title="Irrigation">irrigation</a>. </p><p>- 390 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Allia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of the Allia (not yet started)">Battle of the Allia</a> </p><p>- At the time of the Emperor <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman</a> town called <i>Saena Julia </i> in the territories previously occupied by Etruscans. </p><p>- Siena did not prosper under Roman rule. It was not sited near any major roads and therefore missed out on the resulting opportunities for trade. </p><p>- 774 BC: the oldest <a href="/wiki/Aristocratic" class="mw-redirect" title="Aristocratic">aristocratic</a> families in Sienna date their line to the Lombards' surrender to <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a>. </p><p>- 1115: the death of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matilda_of_Tuscany&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matilda of Tuscany (not yet started)">Countess Matilda</a>, an important point for the history of Sienna, because after this the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marches&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marches (not yet started)">Mark</a> of Tuscia which had been under the control of her family – the Canossa – broke up into several <a href="/wiki/Autonomy" title="Autonomy">autonomous regions</a>. </p><p>- Sienna became a major center of money lending and an important for trade. It was governed at first directly by its <a href="/wiki/Bishop" title="Bishop">Bishop</a>. </p><p>- During the 1100s: power of Bishop lost energy and at the same thime the biggest build of Sienna, the Duomo, was completed. </p><p>- 1167: Sienna, after a trouble about territories with <a href="/wiki/Arezzo" title="Arezzo">Arezzo</a>, became independence from the Bishop. </p><p>- 1179: Sienna had a written constitution. </p><p>- Early 12th century a self-governing <a href="/wiki/Medieval_commune" title="Medieval commune">commune</a> replaced the earlier aristocratic government. The consuls who governed the republic slowly became more inclusive of the <i>poblani</i>, or common people, and the <a href="/wiki/Commune" class="mw-disambig" title="Commune">Commune</a> increased its territory as the surrounding feudal nobles in their fortified castles submitted to the urban power. Sienna's <a href="/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">republic</a>, struggling internally between nobles and the popular party, usually worked in political opposition to its great rival, <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a>. </p><p>- 1203: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Siena" title="University of Siena">Siena's university</a> was founded. </p><p>- 4 September 1260: the Senese <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghibellines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghibellines (not yet started)">Ghibellines</a>, supported by the forces of King <a href="/w/index.php?title=Manfred_of_Sicily&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manfred of Sicily (not yet started)">Manfred of Sicily</a>, defeated the Florentine <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guelphs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guelphs (not yet started)">Guelphs</a> in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Montaperti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Montaperti (not yet started)">Battle of Montaperti</a>. </p><p>-1348: Sienna was devastated by the <a href="/wiki/Black_Death" title="Black Death">Black Death</a>. </p><p>- 1355: with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_Luxembourg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles IV of Luxembourg (not yet started)">Charles IV of Luxembourg</a> in the city, the population rose and suppressed the government of the <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Noveschi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noveschi (not yet started)">Nove</a></i> (Nine), establishing that <i>Dodici</i> (Twelve) nobles assisted by a group with a popular majority. </p><p>- Years later gave the power <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gian_Galeazzo_Visconti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gian Galeazzo Visconti (not yet started)">Gian Galeazzo Visconti</a> of <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a> in order to defend it from the Florentine attacks. </p><p>- 1404: the Visconti were expelled and a government of Ten Priors established, in alliance with Florence against King <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ladislas_of_Naples&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ladislas of Naples (not yet started)">Ladislas of Naples</a>. With the election of the Sienese <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pius_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pius II (not yet started)">Pius II</a> as Pope, the Piccolomini and other noble families were helped to return to the government, but after his death the control returned into popular hands. </p><p>- 1472: the Republic founded the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monte_dei_paschi_di_siena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monte dei paschi di siena (not yet started)">Monte dei Paschi</a>, a bank that is still active today and is the oldest surviving bank in the world. </p><p>- 1487: The noble <a href="/wiki/Legacy" title="Legacy">legacy</a> returned in the city under <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pandolfo_Petrucci&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pandolfo Petrucci (not yet started)">Pandolfo Petrucci</a> with the support of <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a> and of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfonso_of_Calabria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfonso of Calabria (not yet started)">Alfonso of Calabria</a>; </p><p>- Pandolfo was succeeded by his son <a href="/w/index.php?title=Borghese_Petrucci&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Borghese Petrucci (not yet started)">Borghese</a>, who was ousted by his cousin <a href="/w/index.php?title=Raffaello_Petrucci&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raffaello Petrucci (not yet started)">Raffaello</a>, helped by the Medici <a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_X" title="Pope Leo X">Pope Leo X</a>. The last Petrucci was <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabio_Petrucci&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fabio Petrucci (not yet started)">Fabio</a>, exiled in 1523 by the Sienese people. </p><p>- Emperor <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles V</a> took advantage of the chaotic situation to put a Spanish <a href="/w/index.php?title=Garrison&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garrison (not yet started)">garrison</a> in Sienna. The citizens expelled the garrison in 1552, and made allies with <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>. This was unacceptable for Charles, who sent his general <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gian_Giacomo_Medici&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gian Giacomo Medici (not yet started)">Gian Giacomo Medici</a> to lay siege to it with a Florentine-Imperial army. </p><p>- August 1554: Sienna lost against Florence at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Marciano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Marciano (not yet started)">Battle of Marciano</a>. After 18 months of resistance, it surrendered to Florence on 17 April 1555, marking the end of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Republic_of_Siena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Republic of Siena (not yet started)">Republic of Siena</a>. The new Spanish King <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Philip II of Spain">Philip</a>, owing huge sums to the <a href="/wiki/Medici" class="mw-redirect" title="Medici">Medici</a>, gave it (apart from some coastal fortresses) to the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Tuscany" title="Grand Duchy of Tuscany">Grand Duchy of Tuscany</a>, </p><p>- Until the <a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Unification of Italy">unification of Italy</a> Sienna was controlled by Florence. </p><p>The city is an important centre for <a href="/wiki/Art" title="Art">art</a> and <a href="/wiki/Culture" title="Culture">culture</a>. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Siena_Campo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Siena_Campo.jpg/250px-Siena_Campo.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Siena_Campo.jpg/375px-Siena_Campo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Siena_Campo.jpg/500px-Siena_Campo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Il Campo from Torre del Mangia.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Siena_Palazzo_Pubblico_20030813-349.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Siena_Palazzo_Pubblico_20030813-349.jpg/250px-Siena_Palazzo_Pubblico_20030813-349.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Siena_Palazzo_Pubblico_20030813-349.jpg/375px-Siena_Palazzo_Pubblico_20030813-349.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Siena_Palazzo_Pubblico_20030813-349.jpg/500px-Siena_Palazzo_Pubblico_20030813-349.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Façade of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palazzo_Pubblico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palazzo Pubblico (not yet started)">Palazzo Pubblico</a> (Town Hall) during the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palio_di_Siena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palio di Siena (not yet started)">Palio</a> days.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palazzo_Salimbeni,_Siena.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Palazzo_Salimbeni%2C_Siena.jpg/250px-Palazzo_Salimbeni%2C_Siena.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Palazzo_Salimbeni%2C_Siena.jpg/375px-Palazzo_Salimbeni%2C_Siena.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Palazzo_Salimbeni%2C_Siena.jpg/500px-Palazzo_Salimbeni%2C_Siena.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1116" data-file-height="1328" /></a><figcaption>Palazzo Salimbeni.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Important_places_in_Siena">Important places in Siena</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siena&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Important places in Siena" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siena&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Important places in Siena"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duomo_di_Siena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Duomo di Siena (not yet started)">Siena's cathedral</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baptistery_of_San_Giovanni_(Siena)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baptistery of San Giovanni (Siena) (not yet started)">baptistery</a> </i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piazza_del_Campo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piazza del Campo (not yet started)">Piazza del Campo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palazzo_Pubblico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palazzo Pubblico (not yet started)">Palazzo Pubblico</a> </i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torre_del_Mangia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torre del Mangia (not yet started)">Torre del Mangia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basilica_dell%27Osservanza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basilica dell'Osservanza (not yet started)">Basilica dell'Osservanza</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_dei_Servi,_Siena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Santa Maria dei Servi, Siena (not yet started)">Santa Maria dei Servi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Domenico,_Siena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Domenico, Siena (not yet started)">San Domenico</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francesco,_Siena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Francesco, Siena (not yet started)">San Francesco</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santo_Spirito,_Siena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Santo Spirito, Siena (not yet started)">Santo Spirito</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Martino,_Siena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Martino, Siena (not yet started)">San Martino</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palazzo_Chigi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palazzo Chigi (not yet started)">Palazzo Chigi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Villa_Chigi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Villa Chigi (not yet started)">Villa Chigi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castle_of_Belcaro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castle of Belcaro (not yet started)">Castle of Belcaro</a></li> <li>Villa Celsa</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Villa_Cetinale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Villa Cetinale (not yet started)">Villa Cetinale</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Villa_Volte_Alte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Villa Volte Alte (not yet started)">Villa Volte Alte</a></li> <li><i>Palazzo Salimbeni</i>, (On the "Piazza Salimbeni") a notable building and also the <a href="/wiki/Medieval" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval">medieval</a> <a href="/wiki/Headquarter" class="mw-redirect" title="Headquarter">headquarter</a> of <a href="/wiki/Monte_dei_Paschi_di_Siena" title="Monte dei Paschi di Siena">Monte dei Paschi di Siena</a>, one of the oldest banks of the World.</li> <li>Sanctuary of <i>Santa Caterina</i>, incorporating the old house of <a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Catherine_of_Siena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="St. Catherine of Siena (not yet started)">St. Catherine of Siena</a>. It houses the miraculous <i>Crucifix</i> (late 12th century) from which the saint received her <a href="/wiki/Stigmata" title="Stigmata">stigmata</a>, and a 15th-century statue of St. Catherine.</li> <li><i>The Museo dell'Opera del Duomo</i> (Museum of Opera in the Duomo) where we can see the Duccio's famous <i>Maestà</i> (1308–1311) and various other works by Senese masters.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siena&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: Sports" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siena&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Sports"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Siena has enjoyed a long tradition in sports. <a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">Basketball</a> and <a href="/wiki/Football_(soccer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Football (soccer)">football</a> are popular in Siena. However, other sports such as <a href="/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">rugby union</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Track-and-field&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Track-and-field (not yet started)">track-and-field</a> are also practiced. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Palio">The Palio</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siena&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: The Palio" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siena&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: The Palio"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9671799">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See the main article: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palio_di_Siena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palio di Siena (not yet started)">Palio di Siena</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/July_2" title="July 2">July 2</a> and <a href="/wiki/August_16" title="August 16">August 16</a> are the dates when the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palio_di_Siena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palio di Siena (not yet started)">Palio di Siena</a> is held. The Palio is a traditional medieval <a href="/wiki/Horse_race" class="mw-redirect" title="Horse race">horse race</a> is run around the Piazza del Campo each year. This event is attended by large crowds, and is shown on TV. televised. Seventeen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Contrade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Contrade (not yet started)">Contrade</a> run for the prize,a painted flag, or <i>Palio</i> bearing an image of the <a href="/wiki/Blessed_Virgin_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Blessed Virgin Mary">Blessed Virgin Mary</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sister_cities">Sister cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siena&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Change section: Sister cities" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siena&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Sister cities"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span><a href="/wiki/Weimar" title="Weimar">Weimar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, since <a href="/wiki/April_15" title="April 15">April 15</a> <a href="/wiki/1994" title="1994">1994</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wetzlar" title="Wetzlar">Wetzlar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Avignon" title="Avignon">Avignon</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_pages">Related pages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siena&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Change section: Related pages" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siena&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Related pages"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Province of <a href="/wiki/Siena_(province)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siena (province)">Siena</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siena&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siena&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/717">"UNESCO-Historic Centre of Siena"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UNESCO-Historic+Centre+of+Siena&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Flist%2F717&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASiena" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100111043452/http://www.euromonitor.com/_Euromonitor_Internationals_Top_City_Destinations_Ranking">"Euromonitor Internationals Top City Destinations Ranking > Euromonitor archive"</a>. Euromonitor.com. 2008-12-12. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.euromonitor.com/_Euromonitor_Internationals_Top_City_Destinations_Ranking">the original</a> on 2010-01-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-04-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Euromonitor+Internationals+Top+City+Destinations+Ranking+%3E+Euromonitor+archive&rft.pub=Euromonitor.com&rft.date=2008-12-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.euromonitor.com%2F_Euromonitor_Internationals_Top_City_Destinations_Ranking&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASiena" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_websites">Other websites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siena&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Change section: Other websites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siena&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Other websites"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.comune.siena.it/">Official site</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sienaitaly.com/">Siena information for the independent traveler</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.360tuscany.net/?area=Siena&mapArea=Siena">360° Photo Tour & Information on Siena</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reise-photografie.de/siena">Images from Siena</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110714020004/http://www.reise-photografie.de/siena/">Archived</a> 2011-07-14 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aboutsiena.com/">Siena tourist guide</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.freewebs.com/photoitalia/siena.htm">Siena historical picture gallery</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldphototour.org/italy/tuscany/siena/index.asp">Siena photos</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090802161342/http://www.worldphototour.org/italy/tuscany/siena/index.asp">Archived</a> 2009-08-02 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9122492">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output 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title="Sabbioneta (not yet started)">Sabbioneta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monte_San_Giorgio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monte San Giorgio (not yet started)">Monte San Giorgio</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Porto_Venere&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Porto Venere (not yet started)">Porto Venere</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmaria_(island)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palmaria (island) (not yet started)">Palmaria</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tino_(island)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tino (island) (not yet started)">Tino</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tinetto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tinetto (not yet started)">Tinetto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cinque_Terre" title="Cinque Terre">Cinque Terre</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Corniglia" title="Corniglia">Corniglia</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Manarola" title="Manarola">Manarola</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Monterosso_al_Mare" title="Monterosso al Mare">Monterosso al Mare</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Riomaggiore" title="Riomaggiore">Riomaggiore</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Vernazza" title="Vernazza">Vernazza</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Residences_of_the_Royal_House_of_Savoy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Residences of the Royal House of Savoy (not yet started)">Residences of the Royal House of Savoy</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castle_of_Moncalieri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castle of Moncalieri (not yet started)">Castle of Moncalieri</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castle_of_Racconigi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castle of Racconigi (not yet started)">Castle of Racconigi</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castle_of_Rivoli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castle of Rivoli (not yet started)">Castle of Rivoli</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_del_Valentino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello del Valentino (not yet started)">Castello del Valentino</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Palace_of_Turin" title="Royal Palace of Turin">Royal Palace of Turin</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Carignano" title="Palazzo Carignano">Palazzo Carignano</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palazzo_Madama,_Turin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palazzo Madama, Turin (not yet started)">Palazzo Madama, Turin</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palace_of_Venaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palace of Venaria (not yet started)">Palace of Venaria</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palazzina_di_caccia_of_Stupinigi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palazzina di caccia of Stupinigi (not yet started)">Palazzina di caccia of Stupinigi</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Villa_della_Regina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Villa della Regina (not yet started)">Villa della Regina</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhaetian_Railway" title="Rhaetian Railway">Rhaetian Railway</a> in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Albula_Railway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albula Railway (not yet started)">Albula</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernina_railway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernina railway (not yet started)">Bernina</a> Landscapes<sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rock_Drawings_in_Valcamonica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rock Drawings in Valcamonica (not yet started)">Rock Drawings in Valcamonica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sacri_Monti_of_Piedmont_and_Lombardy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sacri Monti of Piedmont and Lombardy (not yet started)"><i>Sacri Monti</i> of Piedmont and Lombardy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_delle_Grazie_(Milan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Santa Maria delle Grazie (Milan) (not yet started)">Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vineyard_Landscape_of_Piedmont:_Langhe-Roero_and_Monferrato&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vineyard Landscape of Piedmont: Langhe-Roero and Monferrato (not yet started)">Vineyard Landscape of Piedmont</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Langhe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Langhe (not yet started)">Langhe</a>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Roero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roero (not yet started)">Roero</a> and <a href="/wiki/Montferrat" title="Montferrat">Monferrato</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Leonardo_da_Vinci_-_The_Last_Supper_high_res.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci in the Church of Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan"><img alt="The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci in the Church of Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Leonardo_da_Vinci_-_The_Last_Supper_high_res.jpg/65px-Leonardo_da_Vinci_-_The_Last_Supper_high_res.jpg" decoding="async" width="65" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Leonardo_da_Vinci_-_The_Last_Supper_high_res.jpg/98px-Leonardo_da_Vinci_-_The_Last_Supper_high_res.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Leonardo_da_Vinci_-_The_Last_Supper_high_res.jpg/130px-Leonardo_da_Vinci_-_The_Last_Supper_high_res.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5381" data-file-height="2926" /></a><figcaption>The <i>Last Supper</i> by Leonardo da Vinci in the Church of Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan</figcaption></figure><br /><figure class="mw-halign-right mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Venezia-punta_della_dogana.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Venice"><img alt="Venice" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Venezia-punta_della_dogana.jpg/65px-Venezia-punta_della_dogana.jpg" decoding="async" width="65" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Venezia-punta_della_dogana.jpg/98px-Venezia-punta_della_dogana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Venezia-punta_della_dogana.jpg/130px-Venezia-punta_della_dogana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Venice</figcaption></figure> <br /><figure class="mw-halign-right mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Spagna_Spanische_Treppe_Rom.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Spanish Steps, Rome"><img alt="Spanish Steps, Rome" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Spagna_Spanische_Treppe_Rom.jpg/65px-Spagna_Spanische_Treppe_Rom.jpg" decoding="async" width="65" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Spagna_Spanische_Treppe_Rom.jpg/98px-Spagna_Spanische_Treppe_Rom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Spagna_Spanische_Treppe_Rom.jpg/130px-Spagna_Spanische_Treppe_Rom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="436" data-file-height="650" /></a><figcaption>Spanish Steps, Rome</figcaption></figure><br /><figure class="mw-halign-right mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CasertaNorthernAspect.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Royal Palace of Caserta"><img alt="Royal Palace of Caserta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/CasertaNorthernAspect.jpg/65px-CasertaNorthernAspect.jpg" decoding="async" width="65" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/CasertaNorthernAspect.jpg/98px-CasertaNorthernAspect.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/CasertaNorthernAspect.jpg/130px-CasertaNorthernAspect.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Royal Palace of Caserta</figcaption></figure><br /><figure class="mw-halign-right mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chapelle_Palatine2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Arab-Norman Palermo, Palatine Chapel"><img alt="Arab-Norman Palermo, Palatine Chapel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Chapelle_Palatine2.jpg/65px-Chapelle_Palatine2.jpg" decoding="async" width="65" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Chapelle_Palatine2.jpg/98px-Chapelle_Palatine2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Chapelle_Palatine2.jpg/130px-Chapelle_Palatine2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Arab-Norman Palermo, Palatine Chapel</figcaption></figure><br /><figure class="mw-halign-right mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sanctuaire_San_Michele_de_Monte_Sant%27Angelo.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Sanctuary of Monte Sant'Angelo"><img alt="Sanctuary of Monte Sant'Angelo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Sanctuaire_San_Michele_de_Monte_Sant%27Angelo.JPG/65px-Sanctuaire_San_Michele_de_Monte_Sant%27Angelo.JPG" decoding="async" width="65" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Sanctuaire_San_Michele_de_Monte_Sant%27Angelo.JPG/98px-Sanctuaire_San_Michele_de_Monte_Sant%27Angelo.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Sanctuaire_San_Michele_de_Monte_Sant%27Angelo.JPG/130px-Sanctuaire_San_Michele_de_Monte_Sant%27Angelo.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Sanctuary of Monte Sant'Angelo</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Italy" title="Northeast Italy">Northeast</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquileia" title="Aquileia">Aquileia</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Dolomites" title="Dolomites">Dolomites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferrara" title="Ferrara">Ferrara</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Modena_Cathedral&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Modena Cathedral (not yet started)">Modena Cathedral</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Torre_della_Ghirlandina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torre della Ghirlandina (not yet started)">Torre della Ghirlandina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Modena#Main_sights" title="Modena">Piazza Grande, Modena</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orto_botanico_di_Padova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orto botanico di Padova (not yet started)">Orto botanico di Padova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravenna#Main_sights" title="Ravenna">Ravenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verona" title="Verona">Verona</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=City_of_Vicenza_and_the_Palladian_Villas_of_the_Veneto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="City of Vicenza and the Palladian Villas of the Veneto (not yet started)">City of Vicenza and the Palladian Villas of the Veneto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_Italy" title="Central Italy">Central</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assisi" title="Assisi">Assisi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basilica_of_Saint_Francis_of_Assisi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi (not yet started)">Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi</a></li> <li>Etruscan Necropolises of <a href="/wiki/Cerveteri" title="Cerveteri">Cerveteri</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterozzi_necropolis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monterozzi necropolis (not yet started)">Tarquinia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Historic_Centre_of_Florence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Historic Centre of Florence (not yet started)">Florence</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadrian%27s_Villa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hadrian's Villa (not yet started)">Hadrian's Villa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medici_villas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medici villas (not yet started)">Medici villas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piazza_dei_Miracoli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piazza dei Miracoli (not yet started)">Piazza del Duomo, Pisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pienza" title="Pienza">Pienza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Gimignano" title="San Gimignano">San Gimignano</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Siena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urbino" title="Urbino">Urbino</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Val_d%27Orcia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Val d'Orcia (not yet started)">Val d'Orcia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Villa_d%27Este&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Villa d'Este (not yet started)">Villa d'Este</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/South_Italy" title="South Italy">South</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alberobello" title="Alberobello">Alberobello</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amalfi_Coast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amalfi Coast (not yet started)">Amalfi Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castel_del_Monte,_Apulia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castel del Monte, Apulia (not yet started)">Castel del Monte, Apulia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cilento&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cilento (not yet started)">Cilento</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vallo_di_Diano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vallo di Diano (not yet started)">Vallo di Diano</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parco_Nazionale_del_Cilento,_Vallo_di_Diano_e_Alburni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parco Nazionale del Cilento, Vallo di Diano e Alburni (not yet started)">National Park</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paestum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paestum (not yet started)">Paestum</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Velia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Velia (not yet started)">Velia</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Certosa_di_Padula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Certosa di Padula (not yet started)">Certosa di Padula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herculaneum" title="Herculaneum">Herculaneum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oplontis" title="Oplontis">Oplontis</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Villa_Poppaea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Villa Poppaea (not yet started)">Villa Poppaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Caserta" title="Palace of Caserta">Palace of Caserta</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aqueduct_of_Vanvitelli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aqueduct of Vanvitelli (not yet started)">Aqueduct of Vanvitelli</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Leucio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Leucio (not yet started)">San Leucio Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompeii" title="Pompeii">Pompeii</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sassi_di_Matera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sassi di Matera (not yet started)">Sassi di Matera</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Insular_Italy" title="Insular Italy">Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeolian_Islands" title="Aeolian Islands">Aeolian Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab-Norman_Palermo_and_the_Cathedral_Churches_of_Cefal%C3%B9_and_Monreale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab-Norman Palermo and the Cathedral Churches of Cefalù and Monreale (not yet started)">Arab-Norman Palermo and the Cathedral Churches of Cefalù and Monreale</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valle_dei_Templi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valle dei Templi (not yet started)">Archaeological Area of Agrigento</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Su_Nuraxi_(Barumini)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Su Nuraxi (Barumini) (not yet started)">Barumini nuraghes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Etna" title="Mount Etna">Mount Etna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syracuse,_Sicily" title="Syracuse, Sicily">Syracuse</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Necropolis_of_Pantalica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Necropolis of Pantalica (not yet started)">Necropolis of Pantalica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Val_di_Noto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Val di Noto (not yet started)">Val di Noto</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caltagirone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caltagirone (not yet started)">Caltagirone</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Catania" title="Catania">Catania</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Militello_in_Val_di_Catania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Militello in Val di Catania (not yet started)">Militello in Val di Catania</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Modica" title="Modica">Modica</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Noto" title="Noto">Noto</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palazzolo_Acreide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palazzolo Acreide (not yet started)">Palazzolo Acreide</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Ragusa,_Sicily" class="mw-redirect" title="Ragusa, Sicily">Ragusa</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Scicli" title="Scicli">Scicli</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Villa_Romana_del_Casale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Villa Romana del Casale (not yet started)">Villa Romana del Casale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Countrywide</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Longobards_in_Italy,_Places_of_Power_(568%E2%80%93774_A.D.)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Longobards in Italy, Places of Power (568–774 A.D.) (not yet started)">Longobards in Italy, Places of Power (568–774 A.D.)</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Brescia" title="Brescia">Brescia</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cividale_del_Friuli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cividale del Friuli (not yet started)">Cividale del Friuli</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castelseprio_(archaeological_park)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castelseprio (archaeological park) (not yet started)">Castelseprio</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spoleto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spoleto (not yet started)">Spoleto</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Temple_of_Clitumnus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Temple of Clitumnus (not yet started)">Temple of Clitumnus</a> located at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Campello_sul_Clitunno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Campello sul Clitunno (not yet started)">Campello sul Clitunno</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Sofia,_Benevento&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Santa Sofia, Benevento (not yet started)">Santa Sofia</a> located at <a href="/wiki/Benevento" title="Benevento">Benevento</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sanctuary_of_Monte_Sant%27Angelo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sanctuary of Monte Sant'Angelo (not yet started)">Sanctuary of Monte Sant'Angelo</a> located at <a href="/wiki/Monte_Sant%27Angelo" title="Monte Sant'Angelo">Monte Sant'Angelo</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistoric_pile_dwellings_around_the_Alps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps (not yet started)">Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primeval_Beech_Forests_of_the_Carpathians_and_Other_Regions_of_Europe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe (not yet started)">Primeval Beech Forests of Europe</a><sup><small>4</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venetian_Works_of_Defence_between_15th_and_17th_centuries:_Stato_da_Terra_%E2%80%93_western_Stato_da_Mar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Venetian Works of Defence between 15th and 17th centuries: Stato da Terra – western Stato da Mar (not yet started)">Venetian Works of Defence between 15th and 17th centuries</a><sup><small>5</small></sup> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Bergamo" title="Bergamo">Bergamo</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmanova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palmanova (not yet started)">Palmanova</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Peschiera_del_Garda" title="Peschiera del Garda">Peschiera del Garda</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-size:smaller;"><div> <ul><li><sup>1</sup> Shared with <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><sup>2</sup> Shared with the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a></li> <li><sup>3</sup> Shared with <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><sup>4</sup> Shared with <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><sup>5</sup> Shared with <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9122492"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/239842096">VIAF</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJyRFfPXJgGyx43KW7fg8C">WorldCat Entities</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11936000x">France</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11936000x">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4054903-3">Germany</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007268288105171">Israel</a></span> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007552635205171">2</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79013822">United States</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9671803">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span title="Siena (Itálie)" class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge130807&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/e2f14058-37e8-45bd-9db0-2472deadbb3b">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/413293">Pleiades</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10045727">NARA</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027284581">IdRef</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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