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class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Glavni meni" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Glavni meni</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header 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stran</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Uvod"><span>Naučite se urejati</span></a></li><li id="n-Izbrani-članki" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Izbrani_%C4%8Dlanki"><span>Izbrani članki</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Naklju%C4%8Dno" title="Naložite naključno stran [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Naključna stran</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:ZadnjeSpremembe" title="Seznam zadnjih sprememb Wikipedije [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Zadnje spremembe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-obcestvo" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-obcestvo" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skupnost </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Vsebina" title="Kraj, kjer lahko prejmete pomoč"><span>Pomoč</span></a></li><li id="n-Pod-lipo" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Pod_lipo"><span>Pod lipo</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Portal_skupnosti" title="O projektu, kaj lahko storite, kje lahko kaj najdete"><span>Portal skupnosti</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Stik_z_nami"><span>Stik z nami</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Glavna_stran" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedija" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-sl.svg" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="prosta enciklopedija" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-sl.svg" width="118" height="13" style="width: 7.375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Iskanje" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Preiščite viki [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Iskanje</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Iskanje v Wikipediji" aria-label="Iskanje v Wikipediji" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Preiščite viki [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Posebno:Iskanje"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Išči</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Osebna orodja"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Videz"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Videz" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Videz</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sl.wikipedia.org&uselang=sl" class=""><span>Denarni prispevki</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Registracija&returnto=Bralni+pomnilnik" title="Predlagamo vam, da si ustvarite račun in se prijavite, vendar to ni obvezno." class=""><span>Ustvari račun</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Prijava&returnto=Bralni+pomnilnik" title="Prijava je zaželena, vendar ni obvezna [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Prijava</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Več možnosti" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Osebna orodja" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Osebna orodja</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Uporabniški meni" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sl.wikipedia.org&uselang=sl"><span>Denarni prispevki</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Registracija&returnto=Bralni+pomnilnik" title="Predlagamo vam, da si ustvarite račun in se prijavite, vendar to ni obvezno."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Ustvari račun</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Prijava&returnto=Bralni+pomnilnik" title="Prijava je zaželena, vendar ni obvezna [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Prijava</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Strani za neprijavljene urejevalce <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Uvod" aria-label="Več o urejanju"><span>več o tem</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:MojiPrispevki" title="Seznam urejanj s tega IP-naslova [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Prispevki</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:MojPogovor" title="Pogovor o urejanjih s tega IP-naslova [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pogovorna stran</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Vsebina" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vsebina</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">prestavi v stransko letvico</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Uvod</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Vrste_ROM" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vrste_ROM"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Vrste ROM</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Vrste_ROM-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vklopi podrazdelek Vrste ROM</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Vrste_ROM-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-ROM" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ROM"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>ROM</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ROM-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-PROM" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#PROM"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>PROM</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-PROM-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-EPROM" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#EPROM"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>EPROM</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-EPROM-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-EEPROM" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#EEPROM"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>EEPROM</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-EEPROM-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flash_RAM" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flash_RAM"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Flash RAM</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flash_RAM-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Glej_tudi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Glej_tudi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Glej tudi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Glej_tudi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Vsebina" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vklopi kazalo vsebine" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vklopi kazalo vsebine</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bralni pomnilnik</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="P9jdi na članek v drugem jeziku. Na voljo v 74 jezikih." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-74" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">74 jezikov</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B0%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%82%D8%B7" title="ذاكرة القراءة فقط – arabščina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ذاكرة القراءة فقط" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memoria_de_solo_llectura" title="Memoria de solo llectura – asturijščina" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Memoria de solo llectura" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daimi_yadda%C5%9F_qur%C4%9Fusu" title="Daimi yaddaş qurğusu – azerbajdžanščina" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Daimi yaddaş qurğusu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Пастаянная запамінальная прылада – beloruščina" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пастаянная запамінальная прылада" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="beloruščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – bolgarščina" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bolgarščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AE" title="রম – bengalščina" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – bosanščina" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mem%C3%B2ria_ROM" title="Memòria ROM – katalonščina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Memòria ROM" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%AF%DB%95%DB%8C_%DA%BE%DB%95%D8%B1-%D8%AE%D9%88%DB%8E%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C" title="بیرگەی ھەر-خوێندنی – osrednja kurdščina" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بیرگەی ھەر-خوێندنی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="osrednja kurdščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – češčina" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – valižanščina" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="valižanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom_(hukommelse)" title="Rom (hukommelse) – danščina" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rom (hukommelse)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Festwertspeicher" title="Festwertspeicher – nemščina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Festwertspeicher" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM_(%CE%BC%CE%BD%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B7)" title="ROM (μνήμη) – grščina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="ROM (μνήμη)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read-only_memory" title="Read-only memory – angleščina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Read-only memory" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angleščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memoria_de_solo_lectura" title="Memoria de solo lectura – španščina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Memoria de solo lectura" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%BCsim%C3%A4lu" title="Püsimälu – estonščina" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Püsimälu" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read_Only_Memory" title="Read Only Memory – baskovščina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Read Only Memory" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskovščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B8%D9%87_%D9%81%D9%82%D8%B7_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C" title="حافظه فقط خواندنی – perzijščina" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حافظه فقط خواندنی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lukumuisti" title="Lukumuisti – finščina" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lukumuisti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9moire_morte" title="Mémoire morte – francoščina" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mémoire morte" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francoščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memorie_di_sole_leture" title="Memorie di sole leture – furlanščina" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Memorie di sole leture" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="furlanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%AAs%C3%BBnth%C3%A2ld" title="Lêsûnthâld – zahodna frizijščina" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Lêsûnthâld" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="zahodna frizijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuimhne_inl%C3%A9ite_amh%C3%A1in" title="Cuimhne inléite amháin – irščina" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cuimhne inléite amháin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – galicijščina" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%93" title="זיכרון לקריאה בלבד – hebrejščina" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="זיכרון לקריאה בלבד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE_(ROM)" title="रोम (ROM) – hindijščina" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रोम (ROM)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – hrvaščina" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="hrvaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – madžarščina" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="madžarščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memori_hanya_baca" title="Memori hanya baca – indonezijščina" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Memori hanya baca" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesminni" title="Lesminni – islandščina" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Lesminni" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read_Only_Memory" title="Read Only Memory – italijanščina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Read Only Memory" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italijanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read_only_memory" title="Read only memory – japonščina" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Read only memory" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%9B%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83_%D2%9B%D2%B1%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BB%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Тұрақты жадтау құрылғысы – kazaščina" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тұрақты жадтау құрылғысы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EC%A0%95_%EA%B8%B0%EC%96%B5_%EC%9E%A5%EC%B9%98" title="고정 기억 장치 – korejščina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="고정 기억 장치" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memoria_fixa" title="Memoria fixa – latinščina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Memoria fixa" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read_Only_Memory" title="Read Only Memory – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Read Only Memory" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastovioji_atmintis" title="Pastovioji atmintis – litovščina" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pastovioji atmintis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litovščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las%C4%81matmi%C5%86a" title="Lasāmatmiņa – latvijščina" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Lasāmatmiņa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%A8%D0%AF" title="ЭШЯ – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="ЭШЯ" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="ROM меморија – makedonščina" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="ROM меморија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%92%E0%B5%BA%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF" title="റീഡ് ഒൺലി മെമ്മറി – malajalamščina" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റീഡ് ഒൺലി മെമ്മറി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalamščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%BE%D0%B9" title="Тогтмол санах ой – mongolščina" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Тогтмол санах ой" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%97-%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A4_%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A4" title="ꯔꯤꯗ-ꯑꯣꯟꯂꯤ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ – manipurščina" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯔꯤꯗ-ꯑꯣꯟꯂꯤ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipurščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingatan_baca_sahaja" title="Ingatan baca sahaja – malajščina" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ingatan baca sahaja" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read-only_memory" title="Read-only memory – nizozemščina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Read-only memory" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read-only_memory" title="Read-only memory – novonorveščina" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Read-only memory" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="novonorveščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skrivebeskyttet_minne" title="Skrivebeskyttet minne – knjižna norveščina" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Skrivebeskyttet minne" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="knjižna norveščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AE_(%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80)" title="ਰੋਮ (ਮੈਮਰੀ) – pandžabščina" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰੋਮ (ਮੈਮਰੀ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžabščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pami%C4%99%C4%87_tylko_do_odczytu" title="Pamięć tylko do odczytu – poljščina" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pamięć tylko do odczytu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mem%C3%B3ria_somente_de_leitura" title="Memória somente de leitura – portugalščina" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Memória somente de leitura" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memorie_ROM" title="Memorie ROM – romunščina" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Memorie ROM" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romunščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%B5_%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Постоянное запоминающее устройство – ruščina" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Постоянное запоминающее устройство" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – srbohrvaščina" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbohrvaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%A8%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BA" title="පඨන මාත්‍ර මතකය – sinhalščina" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පඨන මාත්‍ර මතකය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhalščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read-only_memory" title="Read-only memory – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Read-only memory" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permanentn%C3%A1_pam%C3%A4%C5%A5_(ROM)" title="Permanentná pamäť (ROM) – slovaščina" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Permanentná pamäť (ROM)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kujtesa_vet%C3%ABm_p%C3%ABr_lexim" title="Kujtesa vetëm për lexim – albanščina" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kujtesa vetëm për lexim" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – srbščina" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – sundanščina" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read-only_memory" title="Read-only memory – švedščina" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Read-only memory" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/KUSOTU" title="KUSOTU – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="KUSOTU" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="மாற்றவியலா நினைவகம் – tamilščina" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மாற்றவியலா நினைவகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%93%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%80_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80" title="రీడ్ ఓన్లీ మెమరీ – telugijščina" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రీడ్ ఓన్లీ మెమరీ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Хотираи берунии компютер – tadžiščina" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Хотираи берунии компютер" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžiščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7" title="หน่วยความจำอ่านอย่างเดียว – tajščina" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หน่วยความจำอ่านอย่างเดียว" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sadece_okunabilir_bellek" title="Sadece okunabilir bellek – turščina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sadece okunabilir bellek" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – ujgurščina" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ujgurščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%27%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Пам'ять постійного зберігання – ukrajinščina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пам'ять постійного зберігання" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%88_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="ریڈ اونلی میموری – urdujščina" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ریڈ اونلی میموری" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdujščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BB%99_nh%E1%BB%9B_ch%E1%BB%89_%C4%91%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Bộ nhớ chỉ đọc – vietnamščina" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bộ nhớ chỉ đọc" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%AA%E8%AF%BB%E5%AD%98%E5%82%A8%E5%99%A8" title="只读存储器 – wu-kitajščina" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="只读存储器" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu-kitajščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%94%AF%E8%AE%80%E8%A8%98%E6%86%B6%E9%AB%94" title="唯讀記憶體 – kitajščina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="唯讀記憶體" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kitajščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – kantonščina" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q160710#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi medjezikovne povezave" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi povezave</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bralni_pomnilnik" title="Ogled vsebinske strani [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stran</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pogovor:Bralni_pomnilnik" rel="discussion" title="Pogovor o vsebinski strani [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pogovor</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div 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class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Orodja strani"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Videz"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Videz</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">prestavi v stransko letvico</button> 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0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:720px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title">Vrste <a href="/wiki/Ra%C4%8Dunalnik" title="Računalnik">računalniških</a> <a href="/wiki/Pomnilnik" title="Pomnilnik">pomnilnikov</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color: #ddd"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neobstojni_pomnilnik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neobstojni pomnilnik (stran ne obstaja)">Neobstojni</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Bralno-pisalni_pomnilnik" title="Bralno-pisalni pomnilnik">RAM</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinami%C4%8Dni_RAM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dinamični RAM (stran ne obstaja)">DRAM</a> (npr. <a href="/w/index.php?title=DDR_SDRAM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DDR SDRAM (stran ne obstaja)">DDR SDRAM</a>) <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stati%C4%8Dni_RAM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Statični RAM (stran ne obstaja)">SRAM</a></li></ul></li></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> V razvoju</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T-RAM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="T-RAM (stran ne obstaja)">T-RAM</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z-RAM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Z-RAM (stran ne obstaja)">Z-RAM</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TTRAM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TTRAM (stran ne obstaja)">TTRAM</a></li></ul></li></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Zgodovinski</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <li> <a href="/wiki/Williamsova_cev" title="Williamsova cev">Williamsova cev</a> (1946-47) <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pomnilnik_z_zakasnilnim_vodom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pomnilnik z zakasnilnim vodom (stran ne obstaja)">z zakasnilnim vodom</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selectron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Selectron (stran ne obstaja)">selectron</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dekatron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dekatron (stran ne obstaja)">dekatron</a></li></ul></li></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color: #ddd"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Obstojni_pomnilnik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obstojni pomnilnik (stran ne obstaja)">Obstojni</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">ROM</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=MROM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MROM (stran ne obstaja)">MROM</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Programirljiv_bralni_pomnilnik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Programirljiv bralni pomnilnik (stran ne obstaja)">PROM</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izbrisljiv_PROM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Izbrisljiv PROM (stran ne obstaja)">EPROM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dno_izbrisljiv_PROM" class="mw-redirect" title="Električno izbrisljiv PROM">EEPROM</a></li></ul></li></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=NVRAM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NVRAM (stran ne obstaja)">NVRAM</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <li> <a href="/wiki/Bliskovni_pomnilnik" title="Bliskovni pomnilnik">bliskovni</a></li></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Zgodnji <a href="/w/index.php?title=NVRAM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NVRAM (stran ne obstaja)">NVRAM</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=NvSRAM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NvSRAM (stran ne obstaja)">nvSRAM</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Feroelektri%C4%8Dni_RAM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Feroelektrični RAM (stran ne obstaja)">FeRAM</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnetnoodporni_RAM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnetnoodporni RAM (stran ne obstaja)">MRAM</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fazno_spremenjeni_pomnilnik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fazno spremenjeni pomnilnik (stran ne obstaja)">PRAM</a></li></ul></li></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> V razvoju</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=CBRAM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CBRAM (stran ne obstaja)">CBRAM</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SONOS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SONOS (stran ne obstaja)">SONOS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RRAM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RRAM (stran ne obstaja)">RRAM</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dirkalni%C5%A1ki_pomnilnik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dirkalniški pomnilnik (stran ne obstaja)">dirkalniški</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nano-RAM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nano-RAM (stran ne obstaja)">NRAM</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Millipede&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Millipede (stran ne obstaja)">Millipede</a></li></ul></li></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Zgodovinski</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobenski_pomnilnik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bobenski pomnilnik (stran ne obstaja)">bobenski</a> (1932) <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pomnilnik_z_magnetnim_jedrom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pomnilnik z magnetnim jedrom (stran ne obstaja)">z magnetnim jedrom</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pomnilnik_s_prevle%C4%8Denimi_%C5%BEicami&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pomnilnik s prevlečenimi žicami (stran ne obstaja)">s prevlečenimi žicami</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenkoplastni_pomnilnik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tenkoplastni pomnilnik (stran ne obstaja)">tenkoplastni</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tvistorski_pomnilnik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tvistorski pomnilnik (stran ne obstaja)">tvistorski</a> (~1968)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehur%C4%8Dni_pomnilnik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mehurčni pomnilnik (stran ne obstaja)">mehurčni</a> (~1970)</li></ul></li></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5911192">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-prikaži"><a href="/wiki/Predloga:Vrste_pomnilnikov" title="Predloga:Vrste pomnilnikov"><abbr title="Prikaži to predlogo">p</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-pogovor"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pogovor_o_predlogi:Vrste_pomnilnikov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pogovor o predlogi:Vrste pomnilnikov (stran ne obstaja)"><abbr title="Pogovor o tej predlogi">p</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-uredi"><a class="external text" href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predloga:Vrste_pomnilnikov&action=edit"><abbr title="Uredi to predlogo">u</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Brálni pomnílnik</b> (tudi <b>ROM</b> [róm], iz <a href="/wiki/Angle%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Angleščina">angleščine</a> »Read-Only Memory«) je vrsta notranjega <a href="/wiki/Pomnilnik" title="Pomnilnik">pomnilnika</a>, iz katerega lahko med obratovanjem podatke beremo, ne moremo pa jih vanj zapisovati. Podatki so v ROM zapisani pred obratovanjem. To se razlikuje za različne vrste. Značilen primer uporabe ROM je <a href="/wiki/BIOS" title="BIOS">BIOS</a> v osebnem računalniku. Nekateri računalniki imajo v ROM cel operacijski sistem in tolmač (običajno BASIC). To jim omogoča trenutni zagon. </p><p>Bistvena prednost bralnega pomnilnika pred bralno-pisalnim je sposobnost hranjenja podatkov, ko ni <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dna_napetost" title="Električna napetost">električnega napajanja</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vrste_ROM">Vrste ROM</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bralni_pomnilnik&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi razdelek: Vrste ROM" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bralni_pomnilnik&action=edit&section=1" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Vrste ROM"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ROM">ROM</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bralni_pomnilnik&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi razdelek: ROM" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bralni_pomnilnik&action=edit&section=2" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: ROM"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>ROM</b> Podatki so v ROM zapisani trajno, navadno se zapišejo že v tovarni med izdelovanjem. Kasneje vsebine pomnilnika ROM ne moremo več spreminjati. Uporabljamo jih za shranjevanje programov, ker ne pozabijo, ko izklopiš računalnik. Ker je program tehnološko vnesen naj bi bil čas pomnenja 40let in več + velika hitrost. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="PROM">PROM</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bralni_pomnilnik&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi razdelek: PROM" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bralni_pomnilnik&action=edit&section=3" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: PROM"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Programirljiv bralni pomnilnik</b> (<b>PROM</b>, iz <a href="/wiki/Angle%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Angleščina">angleščine</a> »Programmable Read-Only Memory«) je vrsta bralnega pomnilnika ROM, ki omogoča enkratno zapisovanje podatkov. To se naredi s PROM programatorjem, preden se čip vgradi v vezje (npr.: računalnik). Vsebina je nespremenljiva. Dobra lastnost je nizka cena. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="EPROM">EPROM</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bralni_pomnilnik&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi razdelek: EPROM" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bralni_pomnilnik&action=edit&section=4" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: EPROM"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Zbrisljiv in programirljiv bralni pomnilnik</b> (<b>EPROM</b>, iz <a href="/wiki/Angle%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Angleščina">angleščine</a> »Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory«) je vrsta bralnega pomnilnika PROM, ki omogoča večkraten zapis podatkov. Pomnilnike pobiršemo z UV-svetlobo, ki preko odprtine na čipu toplotno ogreje pomnil. celice, ki zato pozabijo. Sledi programiranje z enakim programatorjem, kot za PROM pomnil. pri napetosti. 10-15V. Število programiranj več, kot 10.000 tisoč. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="EEPROM"><a href="/wiki/EEPROM" title="EEPROM">EEPROM</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bralni_pomnilnik&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi razdelek: EEPROM" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bralni_pomnilnik&action=edit&section=5" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: EEPROM"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Električno zbrisljiv in programirljiv bralni pomnilnik</b> (EEPROM, iz angleščine »Electricaly Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory«) je vrsta pomnilnika EPROM, ki ga brišemo in ponovno vpisujemo s programatorjem (pred običajno uporabo oz. branjem). Brisanje je mnogo hitrejše kot pri EPROM. Možno je izbrisati in vpisati le en del (na primer eno četrtino) EEPROM, ne pa posameznih lokacij. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flash_RAM">Flash RAM</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bralni_pomnilnik&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi razdelek: Flash RAM" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bralni_pomnilnik&action=edit&section=6" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Flash RAM"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Slika:USB_flash_drive.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/USB_flash_drive.JPG/220px-USB_flash_drive.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/USB_flash_drive.JPG/330px-USB_flash_drive.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/USB_flash_drive.JPG/440px-USB_flash_drive.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Univerzalno_serijsko_vodilo" title="Univerzalno serijsko vodilo">USB</a> bliskovni PROM (USB »ključ«) </figcaption></figure> <p>Je vrsta ROM-a, ki omogoča večkratno brisanje in zapisovanje med obratovanjem brez dodatnega vezja - programatorja. Edina pomanjkljivost v primerjavi z RAM je omejeno število vpisov. Najbolj znani primeri uporabe so: v USB ključih, v MP3 predvajalnikih, v digitalnih fotoaparatih in v mobilnih telefonih. Pri tem je veliko hitrejše programiranje celice 1mili sek in branje hitro. Ampak je programiranje dolgo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Glej_tudi">Glej tudi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bralni_pomnilnik&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi razdelek: Glej tudi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bralni_pomnilnik&action=edit&section=7" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Glej tudi"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bralno_pisalni_pomnilnik" class="mw-redirect" title="Bralno pisalni pomnilnik">bralno pisalni pomnilnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD-ROM" title="CD-ROM">CD-ROM</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Normativna_kontrola" title="Wikipedija:Normativna kontrola">Normativna kontrola: Narodne knjižnice</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160710#identifiers" title="Uredite to na Wikipodatkih"><img alt="Uredite to na Wikipodatkih" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119903445">Francija</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119903445">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4121596-5">Nemčija</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007563109905171">Izrael</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85111639">ZDA</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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