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style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Kagogo ambush</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Kivu_conflict" title="Kivu conflict">Kivu conflict</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>January 4, 2022</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location">Kagogo, <a href="/wiki/South_Kivu" title="South Kivu">South Kivu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Republic of Congo">Democratic Republic of Congo</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> Indecisive</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/31px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/FARDC" class="mw-redirect" title="FARDC">FARDC</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Twiganeho-Makanika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Twiganeho-Makanika (page does not exist)">Twiganeho-Makanika</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> 6 killed (per Kivu Security Tracker)<br />2 killed (per FARDC)<br />5 injured (per FARDC)</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> 7 killed (per Kivu Security Tracker)<br />18 killed (per FARDC)</td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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0.25em"><div style="font-size:98%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lemera_massacre" title="Lemera massacre">Lemera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasika_massacre" title="Kasika massacre">Kasika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makobola_massacre" title="Makobola massacre">Makobola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makombo_massacre" title="Makombo massacre">Makombo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Nord-Kivu_campaign" title="2008 Nord-Kivu campaign">2008 Nord-Kivu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Eastern_Congo_offensive" title="2009 Eastern Congo offensive">2009 Eastern Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M23_rebellion" title="M23 rebellion">M23 rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_North_Kivu_offensive" title="2014 North Kivu offensive">2014 North Kivu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_CNPSC_offensive" title="2017 CNPSC offensive">2017 CNPSC offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_Uvira_clashes" title="2017 Uvira clashes">Uvira</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2020_Oicha_massacres" title="January 2020 Oicha massacres">Oicha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2020_Virunga_National_Park_massacre" title="April 2020 Virunga National Park massacre">Virunga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kipupu_massacre" title="Kipupu massacre">Kipupu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Kangbayi_prison_break" title="2020 Kangbayi prison break">Kangbayi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisasa_massacre" title="Lisasa massacre">Lisasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tingwe_massacre" title="Tingwe massacre">Tingwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%932024_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo_attacks" title="2021–2024 Democratic Republic of the Congo attacks">2021–2024 attacks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mwenda_massacre" title="Mwenda massacre">Mwenda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Bulongo_massacre" title="2021 Bulongo massacre">Bulongo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maimoya_highway_massacre" title="Maimoya highway massacre">Maimoya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasanzi_attack" title="Kasanzi attack">Kasanzi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kagogo ambush</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M23_offensive_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="M23 offensive (2022–present)">M23 offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-MONUSCO_protests" title="Anti-MONUSCO protests">Anti-MONUSCO protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kishishe_massacre" title="Kishishe massacre">Kishishe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Kitshanga" title="First Battle of Kitshanga">1st Kitshanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Kitshanga" title="Second Battle of Kitshanga">2nd Kitshanga</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masambo_attack" title="Masambo attack">Masambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otomabere_attack" title="Otomabere attack">Otomabere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_2022_North_Kivu_attacks" title="August 2022 North Kivu attacks">2022 North Kivu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasindi_church_bombing" title="Kasindi church bombing">Kasindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makugwe_massacre" title="Makugwe massacre">Makugwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukondi_massacre" title="Mukondi massacre">Mukondi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirindera_massacre" title="Kirindera massacre">Kirindera</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>On January 4, 2022, militiamen from the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Twiganeho&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Twiganeho (page does not exist)">Twiganeho</a>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Rukundo_Makanika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michel Rukundo Makanika (page does not exist)">Makanika</a> armed group ambushed a convoy of Congolese soldiers in the village of Kagogo, <a href="/wiki/South_Kivu" title="South Kivu">South Kivu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prelude">Prelude</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kagogo_ambush&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Prelude"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Banyamulenge" title="Banyamulenge">Banyamulenge</a> are <a href="/wiki/Tutsi" title="Tutsi">Tutsi</a> people from <a href="/wiki/South_Kivu" title="South Kivu">South Kivu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a>, and of the fifty active rebel groups in the state, two are predominantly Banyamulenge.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These are the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Twiganeho&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Twiganeho (page does not exist)">Twiganeho</a>, backed by <a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a>, and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ngumino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ngumino (page does not exist)">Ngumino</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A third group founded by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Rukunda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michel Rukunda (page does not exist)">Michel Rukunda</a> merged into the Twiganeho in 2021, becoming a faction referred to as the Twiganeho-Makanika.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Twiganeho-Makanika primarily operate in the area of <a href="/wiki/Fizi_Territory" title="Fizi Territory">Fizi Territory</a>, against <a href="/wiki/Bembe_people" title="Bembe people">Bembe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Furiiru_people" title="Furiiru people">Fuliro</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nyindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyindu">Nyindu</a> communities, in communal conflicts.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 24, 2021, a Twiganeho-Makanika ambush injured two FARDC soldiers in Kagogo.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On December 28, 2021, fighting between the Congolese Army (FARDC) and the Twiganeho-Makanika killed a colonel, three Congolese soldiers, and twelve pro-Congolese militants.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ambush">Ambush</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kagogo_ambush&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ambush"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While traveling through the village of Kagogo, a group of Congolese reinforcements were ambushed by Twiganeho-Makanika on January 4.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ambush sparked a battle, where the Congolese military stated it killed 18 militiamen and lost two soldiers, with five being injured.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another ambush by the Twiganeho-Makanika occurred in the nearby village of Ishenge as well.<sup id="cite_ref-kivusecurity.org_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kivusecurity.org-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later, <a href="/wiki/ACLED" class="mw-redirect" title="ACLED">ACLED</a> stated that 13 people were killed in the clashes.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Kivu Security Tracker corroborated this, assessing that seven rebels were killed and six FARDC soldiers were killed.<sup id="cite_ref-kivusecurity.org_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kivusecurity.org-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kagogo_ambush&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Twiganeho-Makanika ambushed FARDC a second time in Kagogo on January 18, killing five Twiganeho-Makanika fighters and three FARDC soldiers.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kagogo_ambush&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2071779/ACCORD_DR+Congo_Situation+of+Banyamulenge.pdf">"Democratic Republic of the Congo: The Situation of the Banyamulenge (2020 to March 2022)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Austrian Centre for Country of Origin and Asylum Research and Documentation</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-08-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=VOA&rft.atitle=DR+Congo+Army+Says+18+Militiamen+Killed&rft.date=2022-01-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.voanews.com%2Fa%2Fdr-congo-army-says-18-militiamen-killed-%2F6383519.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKagogo+ambush" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kivusecurity.org-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kivusecurity.org_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kivusecurity.org_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kivusecurity.org/incident/17759">"Kivu Security Tracker | Crisis Mapping in Eastern Congo"</a>. <i>Kivu Security Tracker | Crisis Mapping in Eastern Congo</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-08-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kivu+Security+Tracker+%7C+Crisis+Mapping+in+Eastern+Congo&rft.atitle=Kivu+Security+Tracker+%7C+Crisis+Mapping+in+Eastern+Congo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkivusecurity.org%2Fincident%2F17759&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKagogo+ambush" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kivusecurity.org/incident/21370">"Kivu Security Tracker | Crisis Mapping in Eastern Congo"</a>. <i>Kivu Security Tracker | Crisis Mapping in Eastern Congo</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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