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<span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Agriculture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agriculture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Agriculture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agriculture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Festivals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Festivals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Festivals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Festivals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Places_of_interest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Places_of_interest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Places of interest</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Places_of_interest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_facilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_facilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Health facilities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_facilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lok_Sabha_constituencies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lok_Sabha_constituencies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Lok Sabha constituencies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lok_Sabha_constituencies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vidhan_sabha_constituencies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vidhan_sabha_constituencies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Vidhan sabha constituencies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vidhan_sabha_constituencies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Communal_unrest_and_insurgency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Communal_unrest_and_insurgency"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Communal unrest and insurgency</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Communal_unrest_and_insurgency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kandhamal district</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 29 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84" title="كاندامال – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كاندامال" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE" title="কন্ধমাল জেলা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কন্ধমাল জেলা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandhamal_(ko%C4%81n)" title="Kandhamal (koān) – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kandhamal (koān)" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE" title="कंधमाल जिला – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="कंधमाल जिला" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandhamal" title="Kandhamal – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kandhamal" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandhamal" title="Kandhamal – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kandhamal" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distrito_de_Kandhamal" title="Distrito de Kandhamal – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Distrito de Kandhamal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandhamal_barrutia" title="Kandhamal barrutia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kandhamal barrutia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%B4_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84" title="بخش کاندامال – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بخش کاندامال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/District_de_Kandhamal" title="District de Kandhamal – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="District de Kandhamal" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE" title="कंधमाल जिला – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कंधमाल जिला" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distretto_di_Kandhamal" title="Distretto di Kandhamal – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Distretto di Kandhamal" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B3_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE" title="कंधमाळ जिल्हा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कंधमाळ जिल्हा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84" title="كاندامال – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كاندامال" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandhamal_(district)" title="Kandhamal (district) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kandhamal (district)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE" title="कन्धमाल जिल्ला – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="कन्धमाल जिल्ला" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandhamal_(distrikt)" title="Kandhamal (distrikt) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kandhamal (distrikt)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A7%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B3_%E0%AC%9C%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%B2%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B2%E0%AC%BE" title="କନ୍ଧମାଳ ଜିଲ୍ଲା – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="କନ୍ଧମାଳ ଜିଲ୍ଲା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B6%D9%84%D8%B9_%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%BE%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84" title="ضلع کندھامل – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ضلع کندھامل" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Кандхамал – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кандхамал" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="कन्धमालमण्डलम् – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="कन्धमालमण्डलम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B2_%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9" title="ᱠᱚᱱᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱲ ᱡᱤᱞᱞᱟᱹ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱠᱚᱱᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱲ ᱡᱤᱞᱞᱟᱹ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandhamalin_piirikunta" title="Kandhamalin piirikunta – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kandhamalin piirikunta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandhamal" title="Kandhamal – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kandhamal" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="கந்தமாள் மாவட்டம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கந்தமாள் மாவட்டம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A5%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE" title="కంథమాల్ జిల్లా – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కంథమాల్ జిల్లా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%BE%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B6%D9%84%D8%B9" title="کندھمال ضلع – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کندھمال ضلع" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kandhamal_district&params=20.47_N_84.23_E_type:city(733110)_region:IN"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">20°28′N</span> <span class="longitude">84°14′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">20.47°N 84.23°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">20.47; 84.23</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">District of Odisha in India</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Kandhamal district</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Odisha" title="List of districts of Odisha">District</a> of <a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="background-color:black;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid black;width:250px;display:table;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:1px 0 0 1px"><div style="display:table;background-color:black;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Misty_Phulbani_-_DSC_7860.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Misty_Phulbani_-_DSC_7860.jpg/250px-Misty_Phulbani_-_DSC_7860.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Misty_Phulbani_-_DSC_7860.jpg/375px-Misty_Phulbani_-_DSC_7860.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Misty_Phulbani_-_DSC_7860.jpg/500px-Misty_Phulbani_-_DSC_7860.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5850" data-file-height="3834" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:black;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Daringbadi,orissa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Daringbadi%2Corissa.jpg/250px-Daringbadi%2Corissa.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Daringbadi%2Corissa.jpg/375px-Daringbadi%2Corissa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Daringbadi%2Corissa.jpg/500px-Daringbadi%2Corissa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4640" data-file-height="3480" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Top: Misty view of <a href="/wiki/Phulbani" title="Phulbani">Phulbani</a><br />Bottom: <a href="/wiki/Daringbadi" title="Daringbadi">Daringbadi</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:India_Odisha_Kandhamal_district.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location in Odisha"><img alt="Location in Odisha" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/India_Odisha_Kandhamal_district.svg/250px-India_Odisha_Kandhamal_district.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/India_Odisha_Kandhamal_district.svg/375px-India_Odisha_Kandhamal_district.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/India_Odisha_Kandhamal_district.svg/500px-India_Odisha_Kandhamal_district.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1128" data-file-height="860" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location in Odisha</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="mw-kartographer-container thumb tnone center"><div class="thumbinner" style="width: 250px;"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="7" data-overlays="["_36467c9bcf142407b3c90b1f8e8e3e127b84555d"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,7,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Kandhamal_district&revid=1247322126&groups=_36467c9bcf142407b3c90b1f8e8e3e127b84555d" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,7,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Kandhamal_district&revid=1247322126&groups=_36467c9bcf142407b3c90b1f8e8e3e127b84555d 2x" alt="Map" /></a><div class="thumbcaption"><b>Kandhamal district</b></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kandhamal_district&params=20.47_N_84.23_E_type:city(733110)_region:IN"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">20°28′N</span> <span class="longitude">84°14′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">20.47°N 84.23°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">20.47; 84.23</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/States_and_territories_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="States and territories of India">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Orissa_Flag%28INDIA%29.png/23px-Orissa_Flag%28INDIA%29.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Orissa_Flag%28INDIA%29.png/35px-Orissa_Flag%28INDIA%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Orissa_Flag%28INDIA%29.png/45px-Orissa_Flag%28INDIA%29.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="454" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Namesake" title="Namesake">Named for</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Khonds" title="Khonds">Kandha tribe</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Phulbani" title="Phulbani">Phulbani</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Kandhamal_(Lok_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kandhamal (Lok Sabha constituency)">Member of Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sukanta_Kumar_Panigrahi" title="Sukanta Kumar Panigrahi">Sukanta Kumar Panigrahi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">BJP</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Collector and District Magistrate</th><td class="infobox-data">Amrit Rituraj, <a href="/wiki/Indian_Administrative_Service" title="Indian Administrative Service">IAS</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Superintendent_of_Police_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Superintendent of Police (India)">Superintendent of Police</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Suvendu Kumar Patra, <a href="/wiki/Indian_Police_Service" title="Indian Police Service">IPS</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Divisional Forest Officer Cum Wildlife Warden</th><td class="infobox-data">Vishwanath Neelannavar, <a href="/wiki/Indian_Forest_Service" title="Indian Forest Service">IFS</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">8,021 km<sup>2</sup> (3,097 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data">6th</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Forest<sup id="cite_ref-districtcensus_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-districtcensus-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data">5,709 km<sup>2</sup> (2,204 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">700 m (2,300 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2011)<sup id="cite_ref-districtcensus_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-districtcensus-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">733,110</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">91/km<sup>2</sup> (240/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">72,279 <span style="font-size:inherit">(<span data-sort-value="7,000,985,922,985,637,000♠" style="display:none"></span>9.86%)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Rural_area" title="Rural area">Rural</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">660,831 <span style="font-size:inherit">(<span data-sort-value="7,001,901,407,701,436,000♠" style="display:none"></span>90.14%)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Demographic<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Human_sex_ratio" title="Human sex ratio">Sex ratio</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1,037 <a href="/wiki/Female" title="Female">♀</a>/1000 <a href="/wiki/Male" title="Male">♂</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Literacy rate</th><td class="infobox-data">64.13%<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Scheduled_Castes" class="mw-redirect" title="Scheduled Castes">Scheduled Castes</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span data-sort-value="7001157607998799634♠" style="display:none"></span>15.76% (115,544)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Scheduled_Tribes" class="mw-redirect" title="Scheduled Tribes">Scheduled Tribes</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span data-sort-value="7001535826819986086♠" style="display:none"></span>53.58% (392,820)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Languages<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Official</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": 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dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Odia_language" title="Odia language">Odia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Local</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kui_language_(India)" title="Kui language (India)">Kui</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B5:30" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+5:30">UTC+5:30</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indian_Standard_Time" title="Indian Standard Time">IST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_Index_Number" title="Postal Index Number">PIN</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">762 022</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plate" title="Vehicle registration plate">Vehicle registration</a></th><td class="infobox-data">OD-12-xxxx</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_India" title="Climate of India">Climate</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Climatic_regions_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Climatic regions of India">Aw</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>)</small></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Precipitation_(meteorology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Precipitation (meteorology)">Precipitation</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1,587 mm (62.5 in)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Avg. summer temperature</th><td class="infobox-data">40 °C (104 °F)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Avg. winter temperature</th><td class="infobox-data">5 °C (41 °F)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a> constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kandhamal_(Lok_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kandhamal (Lok Sabha constituency)">Kandhamal</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Odisha_Legislative_Assembly" title="Odisha Legislative Assembly">Vidhan Sabha</a> constituency</th><td class="infobox-data">3 <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><span class="nowrap"> </span></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">082-<a href="/wiki/Baliguda_(Odisha_Vidhan_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Baliguda (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)">Baliguda(ST)</a><br /> 083-<a href="/wiki/G._Udayagiri_(Odisha_Vidhan_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="G. Udayagiri (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)">G.Udayagiri(ST)</a><br /> 084-<a href="/wiki/Phulbani_(Odisha_Vidhan_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Phulbani (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)">Phulbani(ST)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kandhamal.nic.in">kandhamal<wbr />.nic<wbr />.in</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output 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screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks vcard hlist" style="border:1px double #003A6C;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle"><b><span style="color:var(--color-base, #101112);">This article is part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Odisha" title="Category:Odisha"><span style="color:var(--color-base, #101112)">a series</span></a> on</span></b></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background-color:#003A6C; color:#fff; border:1px double #003A6C; line-height: 2em;"><a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha"><span style="color:white;">Odisha</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Odisha.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of Odisha"><img alt="Emblem of Odisha" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Seal_of_Odisha.png/70px-Seal_of_Odisha.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Seal_of_Odisha.png/105px-Seal_of_Odisha.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Seal_of_Odisha.png/140px-Seal_of_Odisha.png 2x" data-file-width="242" data-file-height="277" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:var(--background-color-interactive, #eaecf0); color:var(--color-base, #101112); border:1px double #003A6C;"> <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Odisha" title="Government of Odisha">Governance</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Odisha" title="List of governors of Odisha">Governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chief_ministers_of_Odisha" title="List of chief ministers of Odisha">Chief Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odisha_Legislative_Assembly" title="Odisha Legislative Assembly">Legislative Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Political_parties_in_Odisha" title="Category:Political parties in Odisha">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orissa_High_Court" title="Orissa High Court">High Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odisha_Police" title="Odisha Police">Police</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:var(--background-color-interactive, #eaecf0); color:var(--color-base, #101112); border:1px double #003A6C;"> <a href="/wiki/Category:Odisha" title="Category:Odisha">Topics</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arts_of_Odisha" title="Arts of Odisha">Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Odisha" title="Cinema of Odisha">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Odisha" title="Cuisine of Odisha">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Odisha" title="Culture of Odisha">Culture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Odia_Hindu_wedding" title="Odia Hindu wedding">Odia Hindu wedding</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Odisha" title="Economy of Odisha">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Odisha" title="Education in Odisha">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Odisha" title="Elections in Odisha">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festivals_of_Odisha" title="Festivals of Odisha">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_and_fauna_of_Odisha" title="Flora and fauna of Odisha">Flora and fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Odisha" title="Geography of Odisha">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deomali_(mountain)" title="Deomali (mountain)">Highest point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Odisha" title="History of Odisha">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historic_sites_in_Odisha" title="Historic sites in Odisha">Historic sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_history_of_Odisha" title="Maritime history of Odisha">Maritime history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Odisha" title="List of rulers of Odisha">Rulers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odia_language" title="Odia language">Language</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Odia_script" title="Odia script">Script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Orissa_Official_Language_Act,_1954" title="The Orissa Official Language Act, 1954">Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odia_literature" title="Odia literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odia_grammar" title="Odia grammar">Grammar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odia_people" title="Odia people">People</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Scheduled_Tribes_in_Odisha" title="List of Scheduled Tribes in Odisha">Tribes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odissi" title="Odissi">Odissi (dance)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odissi_music" title="Odissi music">Odissi music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Odisha" title="Politics of Odisha">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Odisha" title="Sports in Odisha">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Odisha" title="Tourism in Odisha">Tourism</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:var(--background-color-interactive, #eaecf0); color:var(--color-base, #101112); border:1px double #003A6C;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Odisha" title="List of districts of Odisha">Districts</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_Odisha" class="mw-redirect" title="Divisions of Odisha">Divisions</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angul_district" title="Angul district">Angul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balangir_district" title="Balangir district">Balangir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balasore_district" title="Balasore district">Balasore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bargarh_district" title="Bargarh district">Bargarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhadrak_district" title="Bhadrak district">Bhadrak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boudh_district" title="Boudh district">Boudh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuttack_district" title="Cuttack district">Cuttack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debagarh_district" title="Debagarh district">Debagarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhenkanal_district" title="Dhenkanal district">Dhenkanal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gajapati_district" title="Gajapati district">Gajapati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganjam_district" title="Ganjam district">Ganjam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagatsinghpur_district" title="Jagatsinghpur district">Jagatsinghpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jharsuguda_district" title="Jharsuguda district">Jharsuguda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jajpur_district" title="Jajpur district">Jajpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalahandi_district" title="Kalahandi district">Kalahandi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kandhamal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendrapara_district" title="Kendrapara district">Kendrapara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendujhar_district" title="Kendujhar district">Kendujhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khordha_district" title="Khordha district">Khordha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koraput_district" title="Koraput district">Koraput</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malkangiri_district" title="Malkangiri district">Malkangiri</a></li> <li><a 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Products</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berhampur_Patta" title="Berhampur Patta">Berhampur Patta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bomkai_Sari" class="mw-redirect" title="Bomkai Sari">Bomkai Sari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhalapathar_Parda_%26_Fabrics" title="Dhalapathar Parda & Fabrics">Dhalapathar Parda & Fabrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganjam_Kewda_Flower" title="Ganjam Kewda Flower">Ganjam Kewda Flower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganjam_Kewda_Rooh" title="Ganjam Kewda Rooh">Ganjam Kewda Rooh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopalpur_Tussar_Fabrics" title="Gopalpur Tussar Fabrics">Gopalpur Tussar Fabrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habaspuri_Saree_%26_Fabrics" class="mw-redirect" title="Habaspuri Saree & Fabrics">Habaspuri Saree & Fabrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khandua" title="Khandua">Khandua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konark_stone_carving" class="mw-redirect" title="Konark stone carving">Konark stone carving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotpad_Handloom_fabrics" title="Kotpad Handloom fabrics">Kotpad Handloom fabrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odisha_Ikat" title="Odisha Ikat">Odisha Ikat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattachitra" title="Pattachitra">Pattachitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipili_applique_work" class="mw-redirect" title="Pipili applique work">Pipili applique work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambalpuri_saree" class="mw-redirect" title="Sambalpuri saree">Sambalpuri saree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasgulla" title="Rasgulla">Rasgulla</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/32px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/48px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/64px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:India" title="Portal:India">India portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:State_of_Odisha" title="Template:State of Odisha"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:State_of_Odisha" title="Template talk:State of Odisha"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:State_of_Odisha" title="Special:EditPage/Template:State of Odisha"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ground_View_of_Lovers_Point_North,Near_Daringbadi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Ground_View_of_Lovers_Point_North%2CNear_Daringbadi.jpg/220px-Ground_View_of_Lovers_Point_North%2CNear_Daringbadi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Ground_View_of_Lovers_Point_North%2CNear_Daringbadi.jpg/330px-Ground_View_of_Lovers_Point_North%2CNear_Daringbadi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Ground_View_of_Lovers_Point_North%2CNear_Daringbadi.jpg/440px-Ground_View_of_Lovers_Point_North%2CNear_Daringbadi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7664" data-file-height="2272" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Kandhamal district</b> also known as Phulbani district is a district in the <a href="/wiki/States_and_territories_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="States and territories of India">state</a> of <a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>. The District headquarters of the district is <a href="/wiki/Phulbani" title="Phulbani">Phulbani</a>. It is a district full with natural beauties includes wild animals and birds. </p><p>Kandhamal is famous for its local turmeric renowned as 'Kandhamal Haldi' which has earned the <a href="/wiki/Geographical_indication" title="Geographical indication">Geographical indication</a> (GI) tag from Intellectual Property India, an organisation functioning under the auspices of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Commerce_and_Industry_(India)" title="Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India)">Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandhamal_district&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Kandhamal district was established on January 1, 1994, following the division of Phulbani District into Kandhamal and <a href="/wiki/Boudh_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Boudh District">Boudh Districts</a> in Odisha, India. The district derived its name from the prominent <a href="/wiki/Khonds" title="Khonds">Kandha tribe</a>, which inhabits the region. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandhamal_district&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The district lies between 83.30° E to 84-48° E longitude and 19-34° N to 20-54° latitude. The district headquarters is Phulbani, located in the central part of the district. The other popular<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (June 2019)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> locations are <a href="/wiki/Baliguda" title="Baliguda">Baliguda</a>, <a href="/wiki/G._Udayagiri" title="G. Udayagiri">G. Udayagiri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tikabali" title="Tikabali">Tikabali</a> and <a href="/wiki/Raikia" title="Raikia">Raikia</a>.Daringabadi (<a href="/wiki/Kashmir" title="Kashmir">Kashmir</a> of Odisha) </p><p>The territory is rural, with a number of waterfalls, springs, hill stations, and historical and archaeological places. </p> <ul><li><b>Area</b>: 8,021 km²</li> <li><b>Altitude</b>: 300 to 1100 meter</li> <li><b>Rainfall</b>: 1,597 millimetres (62.9 in)</li> <li><b>Climate</b>: Minimum temperature (December) 1 °C (34 °F); maximum temperature (May) 35 °C (95 °F)</li></ul> <p>A majority of the land area of the district (71%) is forests, and 12% of the land is cultivable. The road connectivity with other districts is poor. Kandhamal is one of the poorest districts in Orissa, ranking 29th out of 30 districts by the <a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">Human Development Index</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUmaGrover201014_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUmaGrover201014-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandhamal_district&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;margin:0.5em auto;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1901</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">211,421</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1911</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">239,272</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+13.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1921</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">238,206</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1931</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">260,557</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+9.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1941</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">284,855</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+9.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1951</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">289,182</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1961</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">323,991</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+12.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1971</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">393,773</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+21.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1981</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">448,914</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+14.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1991</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">546,281</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+21.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2001</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">648,201</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+18.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2011</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">733,110</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+13.1%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html">Census of India</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="notheme barbox tleft" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:auto; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#Fcd116"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Religions in Kandhamal district (2011)<sup id="cite_ref-census2011-religion_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2011-religion-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;">Religion</td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;">Percent</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Odisha" title="Hinduism in Odisha">Hinduism</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:darkorange; width:79.16%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">79.16%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Odisha" title="Christianity in Odisha">Christianity</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:dodgerblue; width:20.31%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">20.31%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Other or not stated</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:black; width:0.53%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.53%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/2011_census_of_India" title="2011 census of India">2011 census</a> Kandhamal district has a <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_India" title="Demographics of India">population</a> of 733,110,<sup id="cite_ref-districtcensus_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-districtcensus-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> roughly equal to the nation of <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a><sup id="cite_ref-cia_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or the US state of <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This gives it a ranking of 497th in India (out of a total of <a href="/wiki/Districts_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Districts of India">640</a>). The district has a population density of 91 inhabitants per square kilometre (240/sq mi). Its <a href="/wiki/Family_planning_in_India" title="Family planning in India">population growth rate</a> over the decade 2001-2011 was 12.92%. Kandhamal has a <a href="/wiki/Human_sex_ratio" title="Human sex ratio">sex ratio</a> of 1037 <a href="/wiki/Women_in_India" title="Women in India">females</a> for every 1000 males, and a <a href="/wiki/Literacy_in_India" title="Literacy in India">literacy rate</a> of 65.12%. 9.86% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes collectively account for 69.34% (SC: 15.76% and ST: 53.58%)<sup id="cite_ref-districtcensus_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-districtcensus-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the district's total population. <a href="/wiki/Khonds" title="Khonds">Kandha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pano_(caste)" title="Pano (caste)">Pan</a> are the two dominant communities of the district, comprising over half the population with 50% and 12% respectively. While other Scheduled communities like <a href="/wiki/Gondi_people" title="Gondi people">Gond</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kandha_Gauda" title="Kandha Gauda">Kandha Gauda</a>, Haddi, <a href="/wiki/Ghasi" title="Ghasi">Ghasi</a>, Savar (<a href="/wiki/Sora_people" title="Sora people">Soura</a>), Tanla, Keuta, Dom, and Dhoba also have a considerable presence. The district's general population makes up the remaining 30.66%. </p> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:pink;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 1323.7769652808px; border-left-color:indigo"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:indigo"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:indigo"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:19.663069461542px 98.047762337294px 0 0; border-top-color:saddlebrown"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:saddlebrown"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Languages of Kandhamal district (2011)<sup id="cite_ref-census2011-langreport_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2011-langreport-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:saddlebrown; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Odia_language" title="Odia language">Odia</a> (53.15%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:indigo; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Kui_language_(India)" title="Kui language (India)">Kui</a> (45.65%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:pink; color:black;"> </span> Other (1.2%)</div> </div> </div></div> <p>At the time of the <a href="/wiki/2011_Census_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 Census of India">2011 Census of India</a>, 53.15% of the population in the district spoke <a href="/wiki/Odia_language" title="Odia language">Odia</a> and 45.65% <a href="/wiki/Kui_language_(India)" title="Kui language (India)">Kui</a> as their first language.<sup id="cite_ref-census2011-langreport_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2011-langreport-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A majority of the inhabitants belong to the Kondh tribe, following various religious faiths, who are said to be "proud and aggressive", in the words of a district official.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Kondhs hold 77% of the cultivable land. Khond Scheduled Tribes (including 21% Protestant Christian Khond tribals) make up the total of 53.6% of the population of the District. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Pano_(caste)" title="Pano (caste)">Panos</a> (the main Dalit community) hold less than 9% of the cultivable land. Officially Hindu, the Scheduled Castes, most of whom belong to Pano (Scheduled Caste) community, make up 15.8% of the population. However it is estimated that more than 10. 3% of the aforementioned 15.8% Panos in Kandhamal, while claiming to be Hindu in documents, covertly practise Catholicism in reality, and hence they are not even legally eligible for Scheduled Caste Status. <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUmaGrover201014-15_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUmaGrover201014-15-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The majority of Panos are "covert" Catholics and there have been intercinine conflicts between the Catholic Panos and Protestant/ Hindu Khonds in Kandhamal over land resources. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Agriculture">Agriculture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandhamal_district&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Agriculture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rice is the primary staple food and crop of Kandhamal district. In recent years residents have focused on <a href="/wiki/Horticulture" title="Horticulture">horticulture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sericulture" title="Sericulture">sericulture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Floriculture" title="Floriculture">floriculture</a> and other agricultural activities apart from rice. The district is full of flora and fauna. A wide variety of wildflowers like <a href="/wiki/Orchids" class="mw-redirect" title="Orchids">orchids</a> are found in the dense forests of the district. <a href="/wiki/Mango" title="Mango">Mango</a>, mahula (mahua), <a href="/wiki/Indian_gooseberry" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian gooseberry">Indian gooseberry</a> (amla), <a href="/wiki/Kendu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kendu">kendu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meswak" title="Meswak">meswak</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jackfruit" title="Jackfruit">jackfruit</a> are also found in abundance in the wilderness. Bamboo and <i><a href="/wiki/Thysanolaena" title="Thysanolaena">Thysanolaena</a></i> (broom grass) are collected from the forests of Kandhamal and used or sold. A special pulse known as kandula is native to this district; the Kondh people mostly cultivate it in the hilly forests. The organic <a href="/wiki/Turmeric" title="Turmeric">turmeric</a> cultivated in this district is popularly known as 'Kandhamal Haladi' and is renowned for its purity. An organization called Kasam promotes turmeric cultivation in the district. In some areas ginger is also cultivated along with turmeric. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandhamal_district&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Festivals">Festivals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandhamal_district&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Festivals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The people of Kandhamal celebrate many religious festivals from their tribal culture as well as many <a href="/wiki/Odia_people" title="Odia people">Odiya</a> festivals. The Danda Nach is celebrated in the district mainly by the Kondh tribals, following their traditional religion. They observe this for thirteen days in the Hindu month of <a href="/wiki/Chaitra" title="Chaitra">Chaitra</a>. People go fasting for all the thirteen days who viewed for the particular boon or for grace from the goddess Kaali. The festival starts on the first of April and closes on the thirteenth day. The closing ceremony is called <i>Meru</i>. Kondhas consume the first mango of the season, only after it has been offered to the goddess Kaali on the evening of Meru. </p><p>In the month of January, Kondhs perform worship rituals after harvesting in the villages as per their own convenience. This puja is called <i>Sisaa Laka</i>. In the month of March they perform puja to get blessings from <i>Darni Penu</i> (the village deity) and <i>Saru Penu</i> (a mountain deity) to collect the mahula flower and green mangoes as well as the forest products. After offering to the deity, they collect the product to use as food, etc. </p><p>In the month of April/May they offer the mohula flower in the form of cakes to the village deity; this is called <i>Maranga Laka</i>. On special occasions <i>Kedu Laka</i> is done depending on the requirement of the mother earth, which is decided by the village priest, locally called <i>Kuta Gatanju</i>. <i>Kedu Laka</i> is one of the main occasions among the Kandha tribes in Raikia block; they do <i>Kedu Laka</i> to eat mangoes of the village. </p><p>After the sowing of the crops, to appease the mother earth, puja is performed for good crops at the village deity by the priest called <i>Jakera</i>. This Puja is called <i>Bora Laka</i>. This puja is done in the month of September/October. In the month of November/December new crops are collected; chuda and rice are prepared and made into khiri (rice pudding), which is offered to the village deity, and the villagers eat the new harvest. </p><p>The major Hindu festivals like <a href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diwali" title="Diwali">Diwali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rakshabandhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Rakshabandhan">Rakshabandhan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shivratri" class="mw-redirect" title="Shivratri">Shivratri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ram_Navami" class="mw-redirect" title="Ram Navami">Ram Navami</a> and <a href="/wiki/Janmashtami" class="mw-redirect" title="Janmashtami">Janmashtami</a> are celebrated by Kondhs and other Hindus in the district with equal fervor. The Hindu month of <a href="/wiki/Kartik_(month)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kartik (month)">Kartik</a> is considered sacred by tribal and other Hindu residents of the district; people observe fasting and stay away from non-vegetarian food and alcohol. Nowadays people celebrate the Savan (<a href="/wiki/Shravana_(month)" title="Shravana (month)">Shravan</a>) month by offering their prayers to <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a> and carrying water to Shiv temples walking barefoot. During Rakshabandhan, village children organize a game called Gamhadiyan, where a small earthen pedestal is created and a string containing toffes is hung over it. Children jump over the pedestal to pluck and win the goodies from the string. </p><p>Many of the Khond tribal people converted to <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Christianity">Protestant Christianity</a> in the late 19th century, and they celebrate <a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas">Christmas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Easter</a> as well. Some of the Kondhs follow Islam and Eid; <a href="/wiki/Ramadan" title="Ramadan">Ramzan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muharram" title="Muharram">Muharram</a> are also celebrated. </p><p>The Catholic Panos celebrate Christmas and Easter while the Hindu Panos celebrate all Hindu festivals. There are several Panos who have converted from Catholicism and Hinduism to <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>, especially in Raikia and Balliguda, and they celebrate <a href="/wiki/Buddha_Jayanti" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddha Jayanti">Buddha Jayanti</a> religious festivals. </p><p>There are other small communities of <a href="/wiki/Sikhs" title="Sikhs">Sikhs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jains" class="mw-redirect" title="Jains">Jains</a> who also celebrate their religious festivals. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Places_of_interest">Places of interest</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandhamal_district&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Places of interest"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Kandhamal_district" title="Special:EditPage/Kandhamal district">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Balaskumpa is a village in this south-east of Kandhmal (Phulbani) Sub-Division situated 20-25’N and 84-21’ at the confluence of two hilly streams, which combine to form the Pilla Salki river. It is 15 km (9.3 mi) from the Phulbani district headquarters, connected by a good road. </p><p>Belghar is situated at a height of more than 2,000 feet (609.6 metres) above the sea level in Balliguda sub-division. It is 70 km (43 mi) from Balliguda and 155 km from Phulbani. The area has a number of mountains, forest and wild animals, especially elephants. It has an Inspection Bungalow of Forest Department, which is built with wooden planks. It is lighted by solar power. Ushabali valley is near the village. Sometimes flocks of peacocks or wild elephants are seen by the roadside.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Chakapad is situated about 800 ft (243.84 m) from sea level in G. Udayagiri Tahasil. The historical Bhrutanga River originates here. </p><p>Another temple dedicated to Lord Anandeswar and Jogeswar (Siva) is located nearby; one big fair is held here on the Sivaratri day. The place is situated in the midst of thick forest. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Daringbadi" title="Daringbadi">Daringbadi</a> is situated at a height of about 3,000 ft (914.4 m) above sea level in Balliguda sub-division. It is 105 km (65 mi) from Phulbani. It can be approached directly from <a href="/wiki/Berhampur" title="Berhampur">Berhampur</a>. The place is attractive in the summer season due to its low temperatures.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Hill View point has been developed at <a href="/wiki/Daringbadi" title="Daringbadi">Daringbadi</a>, where visitors can view the valley.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> A tourist complex has been built at Daringibadi for accommodation of tourists. Coffee plantations attract visitors to Daringibadi all through the year.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Dungi" class="mw-redirect" title="Dungi">Dungi</a> is about 45 km from Phulbani, situated on Phulbani-Berhampur road in G. Udayagiri Tehsil. This is the only archaeological site in Kandhamal district. There was one Buddha Vihar of the 11th century; since it was ruined, Siva temples have come up on the site, excavated during construction of new temples, and are kept in the temple premises. One Buddha statue has been shifted from the nearby area to the <a href="/wiki/Odisha_State_Museum" title="Odisha State Museum">Odisha State Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhubaneswar" title="Bhubaneswar">Bhubaneswar</a>. </p><p>Jalespeta is a valley about 127 km from <a href="/wiki/Phulbani" title="Phulbani">Phulbani</a>, situated near Tumudibandh. It is the site of a Shiva temple located right between the hilly river rock bed. The banks of the tiny river surprisingly have white sand, which is very rare for this place.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> This part of the state usually doesn't have such clear white sand, which is common in coastal region river banks and sea shores. </p><p>Kalinga Valley (Kalinga Ghaats) is located 48 km away from Phulbani, the district headquarters on the Phulbani – Berhampur National Highway. The valley is famous for <a href="/wiki/Silviculture" title="Silviculture">silviculture</a> garden and medicinal plant cultivation.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The silviculture garden has <a href="/wiki/Rubber_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Rubber tree">rubber trees</a> and human-thick bamboo plants.<sup id="cite_ref-Orissa_(India)._Silviculture_Division_1970_p._12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orissa_(India)._Silviculture_Division_1970_p.-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Ludu is located about 100 km (62 mi) from Balliguda in Kotagarh Block and 185 km from Phulbani. It is situated in dense forest inhabited by wild elephants. One fair-weather road leads to the side via Subarngiri. There is a 100-foot (30.5 m) high waterfall. </p><p>Mandasaru Kuti is located about 100 km from <a href="/wiki/Phulbani" title="Phulbani">Phulbani</a> in the Raikia Block. There is an old church on the outskirts of the village, surrounded by mountains. There is a mountain gorge nearby. Lodging options available. </p><p>Pakadajhar is about 30 km from Phulbani town near the village Sudrukumpa, situated on Phulbani-Boudh road in Phulbani Tahasil. The Pakdajhar waterfall is 60 feet high, and is nestled in the natural forest. There is a single road leading to the site from Sudrukumpa. With recent development of the destinations, a lot of tourists visit the place for picnics from early November to the end of February. </p><p>Putudi is 18 km from Phulbani town with a waterfall of 100 feet (30 m) height, situated in the dense forest. One good road leads to the site. The waterfall is on the river Salunki. </p><p>Rushimal is situated about 50 km from Daringibadi, near the village Tamangi in Hattimunda G. P. A group of hills known as Rushimal hills are the origin of the river Rushikulya. At the source there is a small reservoir known as “Rushikunda”, and above the hilltop a cave known as Rushigumpha. </p><p>Urmagada is 17 km from Phulbani town on Phulbani-Gochhapada road in Phulbani Tahasil. The waterfall is 50 feet high, situated in a dense forest. One fair-weather road leads to the site. </p><p>Kotagarh is located in Kandhamal district about 120 km from Phulabani and 54 km from Baliguda. In the Kotagarh block there is a 375 m waterfall. Maa Bhabani Temple is in Keshragu, 2 km from Kotagarh (Bighna). Kotagarh also has a wildlife sanctuary with elephants, tigers, <a href="/wiki/Nilgai" title="Nilgai">nilgai</a>, wild boar, <a href="/wiki/Chital" title="Chital">chital</a> and antelopes. Along with a variety of reptiles and mammals, the sanctuary has an aviary as well. The aviary has red jungle fowl, peafowl, peacocks and a wide variety of wild birds. </p><p>Kuruduawaterfall is situated at the village of Ladimaha in Kotagada block about 160 km from the district headquarter Phulbani. It is surrounded with dense bamboo forest. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandhamal_district&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The nearest airport is at <a href="/wiki/Bhubaneswar" title="Bhubaneswar">Bhubaneswar</a> 211 km (131 mi). There is an airstrip at <a href="/wiki/Gudari,_Rayagada" title="Gudari, Rayagada">Gudari</a> 5 km from <a href="/wiki/Phulbani" title="Phulbani">Phulbani</a> town for landing small planes and helicopters. </p><p>The nearest railway station is <a href="/wiki/Rairakhol" class="mw-redirect" title="Rairakhol">Rairakhol</a>, on the <a href="/wiki/Sambalpur" title="Sambalpur">Sambalpur</a> – Bhubaneshwar line, which is 99 km from Phulbani. However, <a href="/wiki/Berhampur" title="Berhampur">Berhampur</a> (165 km (103 mi) from Phulbani) is another convenient rail link. </p><p>By road, Kandhamal can be approached from <a href="/wiki/Sambalpur" title="Sambalpur">Sambalpur</a> via <a href="/wiki/Boudh" title="Boudh">Boudh</a> (170 km, 106 miles) and <a href="/wiki/Berhampur" title="Berhampur">Berhampur</a> (165 km) as well as from <a href="/wiki/Bhubaneshwar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhubaneshwar">Bhubaneshwar</a> via <a href="/wiki/Nayagarh" title="Nayagarh">Nayagarh</a> (210 km, 130 miles). It is 170 km (110 mi) away from <a href="/wiki/Bolangir" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolangir">Bolangir</a>. </p><p>While there are no dedicated tourist buses to the places of interest in the district, taxis may be hired at Phulbani or Balliguda. There is no railway route in the district. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Health_facilities">Health facilities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandhamal_district&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Health facilities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are fourteen hospitals: </p> <ul><li>District Headquarters Hospital, Phulbani</li> <li>Sub Divisional Hospital, Balliguda</li> <li>Community Health Centre, Subarnagiri</li> <li>Community Health Centre, Tumudibandha</li> <li>Community Health Centre, Barakhama</li> <li>Community Health Centre, Daringbadi</li> <li>Community Health Centre, K.Nuagaon</li> <li>Community Health Centre, Raikia</li> <li>Community Health Centre, G.Udayagiri</li> <li>Community Health Centre, Brahamanpad</li> <li>Community Health Centre, Tikabali</li> <li>Community Health Centre, Gumagarh</li> <li>Community Health Centre, Phiringia</li> <li>Community Health Centre, Khajuripada</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandhamal_district&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lok_Sabha_constituencies">Lok Sabha constituencies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandhamal_district&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Lok Sabha constituencies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>No. </th> <th>Constituency </th> <th>Reservation </th> <th>Current MP </th> <th>Party </th></tr> <tr> <th>13 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Kandhamal_(Lok_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kandhamal (Lok Sabha constituency)">Kandhamal</a> </td> <td>Unserved </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Achyuta_Samanta" title="Achyuta Samanta">Achyuta Samanta</a> </td> <td bgcolor="#70A548"><a href="/wiki/Biju_Janata_Dal" title="Biju Janata Dal"><span style="color:white;">BJD</span></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vidhan_sabha_constituencies">Vidhan sabha constituencies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandhamal_district&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Vidhan sabha constituencies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_constituencies_of_Odisha_Vidhan_Sabha" class="mw-redirect" title="List of constituencies of Odisha Vidhan Sabha">List of constituencies of Odisha Vidhan Sabha</a></div> <p>The following are the 3 <a href="/wiki/Odisha_Legislative_Assembly" title="Odisha Legislative Assembly">Vidhan sabha</a> constituencies<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of Kandhamal district and the elected members<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of that area. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>No. </th> <th>Constituency </th> <th>Reservation </th> <th>Extent of the Assembly Constituency (Blocks) </th> <th>Member of 14th Assembly </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Political_party" title="Political party">Party</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>82 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Baliguda_(Odisha_Vidhan_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Baliguda (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)">Baliguda</a> </td> <td>ST </td> <td>Baliguda, K. Nuagam, Kotagarh, Tumudibandh </td> <td>Chakramani kanhar </td> <td bgcolor="#70A548"><a href="/wiki/Biju_Janata_Dal" title="Biju Janata Dal"><span style="color:white;">BJD</span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>83 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/G._Udayagiri_(Odisha_Vidhan_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="G. Udayagiri (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)">G. Udayagiri</a> </td> <td>ST </td> <td>Raikia, Daringbadi, G. Udayagiri, Tikabali, G. Udayagiri (NAC) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saluga_Pradhan" title="Saluga Pradhan">Saluga Pradhan</a> </td> <td bgcolor="#70A548"><a href="/wiki/Biju_Janata_Dal" title="Biju Janata Dal">BJD</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>84 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Phulbani_(Odisha_Vidhan_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Phulbani (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)">Phulbani</a> </td> <td>ST </td> <td>Chakapada, Phulbani, Khajuripada, Phiringia, Phulbani (NAC) </td> <td>Dugni Kanhar </td> <td bgcolor="#70A548"><a href="/wiki/Biju_Janata_Dal" title="Biju Janata Dal"><span style="color:white;">BJD</span></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Communal_unrest_and_insurgency">Communal unrest and insurgency</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandhamal_district&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Communal unrest and insurgency"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Religious_violence_in_Odisha" title="Religious violence in Odisha">Religious violence in Odisha</a></div> <p>On 25 December 2007, ethnic conflict broke out between <a href="/wiki/Khonds" title="Khonds">Khond tribals</a> and Pano Scheduled Caste people in Kandhamals. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2008_Kandhamal_violence" title="2008 Kandhamal violence">2008 Kandhamal violence</a></div> <div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/2008_Kandhamal_violence" title="2008 Kandhamal violence">2008 Kandhamal violence</a>.<span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2008_Kandhamal_violence&action=edit">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><div class="excerpt"> <p>The <a href="/wiki/2008_Kandhamal_violence" title="2008 Kandhamal violence">2008 Kandhamal violence</a> refers to widespread <a href="/wiki/Violence_against_Christians_in_India" title="Violence against Christians in India">violence against Christians</a> purportedly incited by <a href="/wiki/Hindutva" title="Hindutva">Hindutva</a> organisations in the Kandhamal district of Orissa, India, in August 2008 after the murder of the Hindu monk <a href="/wiki/Lakshmanananda_Saraswati" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakshmanananda Saraswati">Lakshmanananda Saraswati</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:12_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:12-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to government reports the violence resulted in at least 39 Christians killed.<sup id="cite_ref-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:16_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:16-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reports indicate that more than 395 churches were razed or burnt down,<sup id="cite_ref-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:8_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:8-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> between 5,600–6,500 houses plundered or burnt down, over 600 villages ransacked and more than 60,000 – 75,000 people left homeless.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:13_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:13-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other reports put the death toll at nearly 100 and suggested more than 40 women were sexually assaulted. Unofficial reports placed the number of those killed to more than 500.<sup id="cite_ref-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:15_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:15-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many Christian families were burnt alive.<sup id="cite_ref-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:17_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:17-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thousands of Christians were forced to convert to Hinduism under threat of violence.<sup id="cite_ref-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:11_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:11-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:8_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:8-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:12_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:12-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many <a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindu</a> families were also assaulted in some places because they supported the <a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Indian National Congress</a> (INC) party.<sup id="cite_ref-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:17_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:17-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This violence was led by the <a href="/wiki/Bajrang_Dal" title="Bajrang Dal">Bajrang Dal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Swayamsevak_Sangh" title="Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh">Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh</a> and the VHP.<sup id="cite_ref-2008_Kandhamal_violence_Chatterji2009_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2008_Kandhamal_violence_Chatterji2009-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tensions reportedly started with <a href="/wiki/2007_Christmas_violence_in_Kandhamal" title="2007 Christmas violence in Kandhamal">violent incidents over Christmas 2007</a> which resulted in the burning of over 100 churches and church institutions, including hostels, convents, and over 700 houses. Three persons were also killed during the three days after Christmas.<sup id="cite_ref-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:7_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:7-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:0_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2008_Kandhamal_violence_:0-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Hindutva" title="Hindutva">Hindutva</a> groups and activists of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kui_Samaj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kui Samaj (page does not exist)">Kui Samaj</a> were mostly involved in the 2007 attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-2008_Kandhamal_violence_Rediff2020_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2008_Kandhamal_violence_Rediff2020-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the riots, 20,000 people were sheltered in 14 government established relief camps and 50,000 people fled to the surrounding districts and states. The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Commission_on_International_Religious_Freedom" title="United States Commission on International Religious Freedom">United States Commission on International Religious Freedom</a> reported that by March 2009, and at least 3,000 individuals were still in government relief camps.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <a href="/wiki/Manoj_Pradhan" title="Manoj Pradhan">Manoj Pradhan</a>, a MLA of the <a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">Bharatiya Janata Party</a> was convicted in the violence in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 18 people were also convicted in the same year.<sup id="cite_ref-2008_Kandhamal_violence_18convicted_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2008_Kandhamal_violence_18convicted-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Seven Christians and a Maoist leader were convicted for the murder of Lakshmanananda Saraswati on 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div> <p>In April 2010, a special "fast track" court in Phulbani convicted 105 people.<sup id="cite_ref-hindu2010convictions_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hindu2010convictions-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ten people were acquitted due to lack of evidence. </p><p>It is currently a part of the <a href="/wiki/Red_Corridor" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Corridor">Red Corridor</a> of India, an area with significant Maoist insurgency activity.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Suspected <a href="/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency" class="mw-redirect" title="Naxalite-Maoist insurgency">Maoist</a> rebels detonated a roadside <a href="/wiki/Land_mine" title="Land mine">land mine</a> on 27 November 2010, blowing up an ambulance. A patient, a paramedic, and the vehicle's driver were killed.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandhamal_district&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uniindia.com/odisha-government-effected-a-major-reshuffle-in-ias-cadre/east/news/2759289.html">"Odisha government effected a major reshuffle in IAS cadre"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Odisha+government+effected+a+major+reshuffle+in+IAS+cadre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uniindia.com%2Fodisha-government-effected-a-major-reshuffle-in-ias-cadre%2Feast%2Fnews%2F2759289.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKandhamal+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-districtcensus-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-districtcensus_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-districtcensus_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-districtcensus_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-districtcensus_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/944/download/36644/DH_2011_2121_PART_A_DCHB_KANDHAMAL.pdf">"District Census Handbook 2011 - Kandhamal"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Census_of_India" title="Census of India">Census of India</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Registrar_General_and_Census_Commissioner_of_India" title="Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India">Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Census+of+India&rft.atitle=District+Census+Handbook+2011+-+Kandhamal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcensusindia.gov.in%2Fnada%2Findex.php%2Fcatalog%2F944%2Fdownload%2F36644%2FDH_2011_2121_PART_A_DCHB_KANDHAMAL.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKandhamal+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-10-01</span></span>. <q>Guyana 744,768</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Country+Comparison%3APopulation&rft.au=US+Directorate+of+Intelligence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2119rank.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKandhamal+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110817034911/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php">"2010 Resident Population Data"</a>. U. S. Census Bureau. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-09-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=83+districts+under+the+Security+Related+Expenditure+Scheme&rft.pub=IntelliBriefs&rft.date=2009-12-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fintellibriefs.blogspot.com%2F2009%2F12%2Fnaxal-menace-83-districts-under.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKandhamal+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/feedarticle/9381552">"Report: Suspected rebels kill 3 in eastern India"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. London. 28 November 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Report%3A+Suspected+rebels+kill+3+in+eastern+India&rft.date=2010-11-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2Ffeedarticle%2F9381552&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKandhamal+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <dl><dt>Sources</dt></dl> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOsuri2013" class="citation cs2">Osuri, Goldie (2013), <i>Religious Freedom in India: Sovereignty and (anti) Conversion</i>, Routledge, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0415665575" title="Special:BookSources/978-0415665575"><bdi>978-0415665575</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religious+Freedom+in+India%3A+Sovereignty+and+%28anti%29+Conversion&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0415665575&rft.aulast=Osuri&rft.aufirst=Goldie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKandhamal+district" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUmaGrover2010" class="citation cs2">Uma, Saumya; Grover, Vrinda (2010), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://works.bepress.com/saumyauma/31/"><i>Kandhamal: The Law must Change its Course</i></a>, New Delhi: MARG: Multiple Action Research Group, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-87377-19-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-87377-19-1"><bdi>978-81-87377-19-1</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kandhamal%3A+The+Law+must+Change+its+Course&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pub=MARG%3A+Multiple+Action+Research+Group&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-81-87377-19-1&rft.aulast=Uma&rft.aufirst=Saumya&rft.au=Grover%2C+Vrinda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworks.bepress.com%2Fsaumyauma%2F31%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKandhamal+district" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandhamal_district&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kandhamal_district" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Kandhamal district">Kandhamal district</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kandhamal.nic.in/">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacw.net/article1575">Preliminary Findings & Recommendations - The National People’s Tribunal on Kandhamal</a>, available at South Asia Citizens Web, 29 August 2010.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacw.net/IMG/pdf/Kandhamal-Karavali2008.pdf">From Kandhamal to Karavali: The Ugly Face of the Sangh Parivar</a>, available at South Asia Citizen's Web, March 2009.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Places_adjacent_to_Kandhamal_district" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Places_adjacent_to_Kandhamal_district" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Places adjacent to Kandhamal district</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Balangir_district" title="Balangir district">Balangir district</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Baudh_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Baudh district">Baudh district</a></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="North"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Kalahandi_district" title="Kalahandi district">Kalahandi district</a></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="West"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><b style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:0.75em 1em">Kandhamal district</b><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="East"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Nayagarh_district" title="Nayagarh district">Nayagarh district</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rayagada_district" title="Rayagada district">Rayagada district</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gajapati_district" title="Gajapati district">Gajapati district</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ganjam_district" title="Ganjam district">Ganjam district</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kandhamal_district" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kandhamal_district" title="Template:Kandhamal district"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kandhamal_district" title="Template talk:Kandhamal district"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kandhamal_district" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kandhamal district"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kandhamal_district" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kandhamal district</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_constituencies_of_Odisha_Vidhan_Sabha" class="mw-redirect" title="List of constituencies of Odisha Vidhan Sabha">Constituencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baliguda_(Vidhan_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Baliguda (Vidhan Sabha constituency)">Baliguda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._Udayagiri_(Vidhan_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="G. Udayagiri (Vidhan Sabha constituency)">G. Udayagiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phulbani_(Vidhan_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Phulbani (Vidhan Sabha constituency)">Phulbani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Towns and villages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baliguda" title="Baliguda">Baliguda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmanigoan" title="Brahmanigoan">Brahmanigoan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daringbadi" title="Daringbadi">Daringbadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._Udayagiri" title="G. Udayagiri">G. Udayagiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phulbani" title="Phulbani">Phulbani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paberi" title="Paberi">Paberi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tikabali" title="Tikabali">Tikabali</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Odisha" title="List of districts of Odisha">Other districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Angul_district" title="Template:Angul district">Angul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Balangir_district" title="Template:Balangir district">Balangir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Balasore_district" title="Template:Balasore district">Balasore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Bargarh_district" title="Template:Bargarh district">Bargarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Bhadrak_district" title="Template:Bhadrak district">Bhadrak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Boudh_district" title="Template:Boudh district">Boudh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Cuttack_district" title="Template:Cuttack district">Cuttack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Debagarh_district" title="Template:Debagarh district">Debagarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Dhenkanal_district" title="Template:Dhenkanal district">Dhenkanal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Gajapati_district" title="Template:Gajapati district">Gajapati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Ganjam_district" title="Template:Ganjam district">Ganjam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Jagatsinghpur_district" title="Template:Jagatsinghpur district">Jagatsinghpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Jajpur_district" title="Template:Jajpur district">Jajpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Jharsuguda_district" title="Template:Jharsuguda district">Jharsuguda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kalahandi_district" title="Template:Kalahandi district">Kalahandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kendrapara_district" title="Template:Kendrapara district">Kendrapara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kendujhar_district" title="Template:Kendujhar district">Kendujhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Khordha_district" title="Template:Khordha district">Khordha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Koraput_district" title="Template:Koraput district">Koraput</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Malkangiri_district" title="Template:Malkangiri district">Malkangiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Mayurbhanj_district" title="Template:Mayurbhanj district">Mayurbhanj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Nabarangpur_district" title="Template:Nabarangpur district">Nabarangpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Nayagarh_district" title="Template:Nayagarh district">Nayagarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Nuapada_district" title="Template:Nuapada district">Nuapada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Puri_district" title="Template:Puri district">Puri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Rayagada_district" title="Template:Rayagada district">Rayagada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Sambalpur_district" title="Template:Sambalpur district">Sambalpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Subarnapur_district" title="Template:Subarnapur district">Subarnapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Sundergarh_district" title="Template:Sundergarh district">Sundergarh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="x16px&#124;Emblem_of_Odisha_State_of_Odisha" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Odisha" title="Template:Odisha"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Odisha" title="Template talk:Odisha"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Odisha" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Odisha"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x16px&#124;Emblem_of_Odisha_State_of_Odisha" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Orissa_Flag(INDIA).png" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of Odisha"><img alt="Emblem of Odisha" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Orissa_Flag%28INDIA%29.png/24px-Orissa_Flag%28INDIA%29.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Orissa_Flag%28INDIA%29.png/36px-Orissa_Flag%28INDIA%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Orissa_Flag%28INDIA%29.png/48px-Orissa_Flag%28INDIA%29.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="454" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">State</a> of <a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Capital: <b><a href="/wiki/Bhubaneswar" title="Bhubaneswar">Bhubaneswar</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_symbols" title="List of Indian state symbols">State symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_emblems" title="List of Indian state emblems">Emblem</a>: <a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Odisha" title="Emblem of Odisha">Emblem of Odisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_anthems" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Indian state anthems">Anthem</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bande_Utkala_Janani" title="Bande Utkala Janani">Bande Utkala Janani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_animals" title="List of Indian state animals">Animal</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sambar_deer" title="Sambar deer">Sambar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_birds" title="List of Indian state birds">Bird</a>: <a href="/wiki/Indian_roller" title="Indian roller">Indian roller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_flowers" title="List of Indian state flowers">Flower</a>: <a href="/wiki/Saraca_asoca" title="Saraca asoca">Ashoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_trees" title="List of Indian state trees">Tree</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ficus_religiosa" title="Ficus religiosa">Sacred fig</a></li> <li>Fish: <a href="/wiki/Tor_tor" title="Tor tor">Mahanadi mahseer</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Konark_Sun_Temple_Wheel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Konark_Sun_Temple_Wheel.jpg/100px-Konark_Sun_Temple_Wheel.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Konark_Sun_Temple_Wheel.jpg/150px-Konark_Sun_Temple_Wheel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Konark_Sun_Temple_Wheel.jpg/200px-Konark_Sun_Temple_Wheel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Odisha" title="Government of Odisha">Governance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Odisha" title="List of governors of Odisha">Governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chief_ministers_of_Odisha" title="List of chief ministers of Odisha">Chief ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odisha_Legislative_Assembly" title="Odisha Legislative Assembly">Legislative Assembly</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_constituencies_of_the_Odisha_Legislative_Assembly" title="List of constituencies of the Odisha Legislative Assembly">Constituencies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orissa_High_Court" title="Orissa High Court">High Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odisha_Police" title="Odisha Police">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Odisha" title="Elections in Odisha">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Odisha" title="Politics of Odisha">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odisha_Human_Rights_Commission" title="Odisha Human Rights Commission">Human Rights Commission</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Odisha" title="History of Odisha">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalinga_(historical_region)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalinga (historical region)">Kalinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Odisha" title="List of rulers of Odisha">Rulers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahameghavahana_dynasty" title="Mahameghavahana dynasty">Mahameghavahana dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murunda_dynasty" title="Murunda dynasty">Murunda dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nala_dynasty" title="Nala dynasty">Nala dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathara_dynasty" title="Mathara dynasty">Mathara dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitrbhakta_dynasty" title="Pitrbhakta dynasty">Pitrbhakta dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shailodbhava_dynasty" title="Shailodbhava dynasty">Shailodbhava dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhauma-Kara_dynasty" title="Bhauma-Kara dynasty">Bhauma-Kara dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhanja_dynasty" title="Bhanja dynasty">Bhanja dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somavamshi_dynasty" title="Somavamshi dynasty">Somavamshi dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Ganga_dynasty" title="Eastern Ganga dynasty">Eastern Ganga dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gajapati_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Gajapati Empire">Gajapati Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhoi_dynasty" title="Bhoi dynasty">Bhoi dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orissa_Tributary_States" title="Orissa Tributary States">Orissa Tributary States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utkal_Sammilani" title="Utkal Sammilani">Utkal Sammilani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_sites_in_Odisha" title="Historic sites in Odisha">Historic sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_history_of_Odisha" title="Maritime history of Odisha">Maritime history of Odisha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Odisha" title="Geography of Odisha">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flora_and_fauna_of_Odisha" title="Flora and fauna of Odisha">Flora and Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forests_in_Odisha" title="Forests in Odisha">Forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utkal_Plains" title="Utkal Plains">Utkal Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garhjat_Hills" title="Garhjat Hills">Garhjat Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilika_Lake" title="Chilika Lake">Chilika Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deomali_(mountain)" title="Deomali (mountain)">Deomali (Highest point)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Kalam_Island" title="Abdul Kalam Island">Abdul Kalam Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Odisha" title="List of districts of Odisha">Districts</a><br />by<br /><a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_Odisha" class="mw-redirect" title="Divisions of Odisha">division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background-color: #eee;">Northern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angul_district" title="Angul district">Angul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balangir_district" title="Balangir district">Balangir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bargarh_district" title="Bargarh district">Bargarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debagarh_district" title="Debagarh district">Debagarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhenkanal_district" title="Dhenkanal district">Dhenkanal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jharsuguda_district" title="Jharsuguda district">Jharsuguda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendujhar_district" title="Kendujhar district">Kendujhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambalpur_district" title="Sambalpur district">Sambalpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subarnapur_district" title="Subarnapur district">Subarnapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundergarh_district" title="Sundergarh district">Sundergarh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background-color: #eee;">Central</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balasore_district" title="Balasore district">Balasore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhadrak_district" title="Bhadrak district">Bhadrak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuttack_district" title="Cuttack district">Cuttack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagatsinghpur_district" title="Jagatsinghpur district">Jagatsinghpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jajpur_district" title="Jajpur district">Jajpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendrapara_district" title="Kendrapara district">Kendrapara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khordha_district" title="Khordha district">Khordha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayurbhanj_district" title="Mayurbhanj district">Mayurbhanj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nayagarh_district" title="Nayagarh district">Nayagarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puri_district" title="Puri district">Puri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background-color: #eee;">Southern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boudh_district" title="Boudh district">Boudh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gajapati_district" title="Gajapati district">Gajapati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganjam_district" title="Ganjam district">Ganjam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalahandi_district" title="Kalahandi district">Kalahandi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kandhamal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koraput_district" title="Koraput district">Koraput</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malkangiri_district" title="Malkangiri district">Malkangiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabarangpur_district" title="Nabarangpur district">Nabrangpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuapada_district" title="Nuapada district">Nuapada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayagada_district" title="Rayagada district">Rayagada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Odisha_by_population" title="List of cities in Odisha by population">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angul" title="Angul">Angul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balangir" title="Balangir">Balangir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balasore" title="Balasore">Balasore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbil" title="Barbil">Barbil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bargarh" title="Bargarh">Bargarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baripada" title="Baripada">Baripada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhadrak" title="Bhadrak">Bhadrak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhawanipatna" title="Bhawanipatna">Bhawanipatna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhubaneswar" title="Bhubaneswar">Bhubaneswar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berhampur" title="Berhampur">Berhampur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuttack" title="Cuttack">Cuttack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhenkanal" title="Dhenkanal">Dhenkanal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jajpur" title="Jajpur">Jajpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jharsuguda" title="Jharsuguda">Jharsuguda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeypore" title="Jeypore">Jeypore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joda" title="Joda">Joda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendrapara" title="Kendrapara">Kendrapara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendujhar" title="Kendujhar">Kendujhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khordha" title="Khordha">Khordha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradeep" title="Paradeep">Paradeep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puri" title="Puri">Puri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rourkela" title="Rourkela">Rourkela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambalpur" title="Sambalpur">Sambalpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talcher" title="Talcher">Talcher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geographical_indication" title="Geographical indication">GI products</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berhampur_Patta" title="Berhampur Patta">Berhampur Patta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bomkai_sari" title="Bomkai sari">Bomkai sari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhalapathar_Parda_%26_Fabrics" title="Dhalapathar Parda & Fabrics">Dhalapathar Parda & Fabrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganjam_Kewda_Flower" title="Ganjam Kewda Flower">Ganjam Kewda Flower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganjam_Kewda_Rooh" title="Ganjam Kewda Rooh">Ganjam Kewda Rooh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopalpur_Tussar_Fabrics" title="Gopalpur Tussar Fabrics">Gopalpur Tussar Fabrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habaspuri_sari" title="Habaspuri sari">Habaspuri sari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khandua" title="Khandua">Khandua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konark_stone_carving" class="mw-redirect" title="Konark stone carving">Konark stone carving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotpad_Handloom_fabrics" title="Kotpad Handloom fabrics">Kotpad Handloom fabrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odisha_Ikat" title="Odisha Ikat">Odisha Ikat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattachitra" title="Pattachitra">Pattachitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipili_appliqu%C3%A9_work" title="Pipili appliqué work">Pipili appliqué work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasgulla" title="Rasgulla">Odisha Rasagola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambalpuri_sari" title="Sambalpuri sari">Sambalpuri sari</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Odisha" title="Category:Odisha">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arts_of_Odisha" title="Arts of Odisha">Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Odisha" title="Cinema of Odisha">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Odisha" title="Cuisine of Odisha">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Odisha" title="Culture of Odisha">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odisha_Day" title="Odisha Day">Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Odisha" title="Economy of Odisha">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Odisha" title="Education in Odisha">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festivals_of_Odisha" title="Festivals of Odisha">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odia_language" title="Odia language">Language</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Orissa_Official_Language_Act,_1954" title="The Orissa Official Language Act, 1954">Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odia_script" title="Odia script">Script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odia_literature" title="Odia literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odia_grammar" title="Odia grammar">Grammar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odia_people" title="Odia people">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Scheduled_Tribes_in_Odisha" title="List of Scheduled Tribes in Odisha">Tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Odisha" title="Sports in Odisha">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Odisha" title="Tourism in Odisha">Tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/32px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/48px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/64px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:India" title="Portal:India">India portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kandhamal_district&oldid=1247322126">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kandhamal_district&oldid=1247322126</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Kandhamal_district" title="Category:Kandhamal district">Kandhamal district</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:States_and_territories_established_in_1993" title="Category:States and territories established in 1993">States and territories established in 1993</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1993_establishments_in_Orissa" title="Category:1993 establishments in Orissa">1993 establishments in Orissa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Districts_of_Odisha" title="Category:Districts of Odisha">Districts of Odisha</a></li></ul></div><div 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