CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Joseon missions to Japan - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"e86df6ce-02c4-4195-8d55-d0765a405f52","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Joseon_missions_to_Japan","wgTitle":"Joseon missions to Japan","wgCurRevisionId":1251794848,"wgRevisionId":1251794848,"wgArticleId":24300031,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Webarchive template wayback links","Articles containing Japanese-language text","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Use mdy dates from March 2012","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from March 2024","Articles with Korean-language sources (ko)","Articles with Japanese-language sources (ja)","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from April 2017", "Articles with permanently dead external links","Joseon","History of the foreign relations of Japan","Feudal Japan"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Joseon_missions_to_Japan","wgRelevantArticleId":24300031,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage", "wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q15290174","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=[ "ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Chosenheireishi_yodojyo_chakuraizu.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1230"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Chosenheireishi_yodojyo_chakuraizu.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="820"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="656"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Joseon missions to Japan - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseon_missions_to_Japan"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseon_missions_to_Japan"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Joseon_missions_to_Japan rootpage-Joseon_missions_to_Japan skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Joseon+missions+to+Japan" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Joseon+missions+to+Japan" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Joseon+missions+to+Japan" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Joseon+missions+to+Japan" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Joseon_diplomacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Joseon_diplomacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Joseon diplomacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Joseon_diplomacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Joseon_missions_to_the_Muromachi_shogunate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Joseon_missions_to_the_Muromachi_shogunate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Joseon missions to the Muromachi shogunate</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Joseon_missions_to_the_Muromachi_shogunate-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Joseon missions to the Muromachi shogunate subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Joseon_missions_to_the_Muromachi_shogunate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1392" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1392"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>1392</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1392-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1398" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1398"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>1398</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1398-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1404" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1404"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>1404</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1404-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1406" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1406"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>1406</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1406-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1409–1410" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1409–1410"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>1409–1410</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1409–1410-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1413" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1413"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>1413</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1413-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1420" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1420"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>1420</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1420-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1423" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1423"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>1423</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1423-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1424" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1424"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.9</span> <span>1424</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1424-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1428" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1428"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.10</span> <span>1428</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1428-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1432" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1432"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.11</span> <span>1432</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1432-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1439" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1439"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.12</span> <span>1439</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1439-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1443" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1443"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.13</span> <span>1443</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1443-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Joseon_missions_to_Hideyoshi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Joseon_missions_to_Hideyoshi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Joseon missions to Hideyoshi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Joseon_missions_to_Hideyoshi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Joseon missions to Hideyoshi subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Joseon_missions_to_Hideyoshi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1590" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1590"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>1590</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1590-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1596" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1596"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>1596</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1596-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Joseon_missions_to_the_Tokugawa_shogunate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Joseon_missions_to_the_Tokugawa_shogunate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Joseon missions to the Tokugawa shogunate</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Joseon_missions_to_the_Tokugawa_shogunate-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Joseon missions to the Tokugawa shogunate subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Joseon_missions_to_the_Tokugawa_shogunate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1607" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1607"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>1607</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1607-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1617" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1617"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>1617</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1617-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1624" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1624"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>1624</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1624-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1636" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1636"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>1636</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1636-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1643" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1643"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>1643</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1643-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1655" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1655"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>1655</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1655-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1682" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1682"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>1682</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1682-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1711" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1711"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>1711</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1711-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1719" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1719"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.9</span> <span>1719</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1719-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1748" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1748"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.10</span> <span>1748</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1748-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1764" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1764"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.11</span> <span>1764</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1764-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1811" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1811"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.12</span> <span>1811</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1811-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Joseon-Japan_diplomacy_adapting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Joseon-Japan_diplomacy_adapting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Joseon-Japan diplomacy adapting</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Joseon-Japan_diplomacy_adapting-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Joseon-Japan diplomacy adapting subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Joseon-Japan_diplomacy_adapting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1876" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1876"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>1876</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1876-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Joseon missions to Japan</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 4 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-4" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">4 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missions_Joseon_au_Japon" title="Missions Joseon au Japon – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Missions Joseon au Japon" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%84%A0_%ED%86%B5%EC%8B%A0%EC%82%AC" title="조선 통신사 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="조선 통신사" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E4%BD%BF" title="朝鮮通信使 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="朝鮮通信使" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%81%D1%96%D1%97_%D0%A7%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%97" title="Місії Чосон до Японії – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Місії Чосон до Японії" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q15290174#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Joseon_missions_to_Japan" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Joseon_missions_to_Japan" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Joseon_missions_to_Japan"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Joseon_missions_to_Japan"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Joseon_missions_to_Japan" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Joseon_missions_to_Japan" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&oldid=1251794848" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&id=1251794848&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJoseon_missions_to_Japan"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJoseon_missions_to_Japan"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q15290174" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Korea to Japan diplomacy</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chosenheireishi_yodojyo_chakuraizu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Chosenheireishi_yodojyo_chakuraizu.jpg/220px-Chosenheireishi_yodojyo_chakuraizu.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Chosenheireishi_yodojyo_chakuraizu.jpg/330px-Chosenheireishi_yodojyo_chakuraizu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Chosenheireishi_yodojyo_chakuraizu.jpg/440px-Chosenheireishi_yodojyo_chakuraizu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="656" /></a><figcaption>A drawing sent by the Joseon court in Korea to the Tokugawa shogunate in Japan, c. 1748</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Joseon missions to Japan</b> represent a crucial aspect of the international relations of mutual <a href="/wiki/Joseon" title="Joseon">Joseon</a>-<a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japanese</a> contacts and communication.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In sum, these serial diplomatic ventures illustrate the persistence of Joseon's <i><a href="/wiki/Gyorin" title="Gyorin">kyorin</a></i> (neighborly relations) diplomacy from 1392 to 1910.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The chronology of one side in a bilateral relationship stands on its own. This long-term, strategic policy contrasts with the <i><a href="/wiki/Sadae" title="Sadae">sadae</a></i> (serving the great) diplomacy which characterized the Joseon-Chinese relations in this same period.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The unique nature of these bilateral diplomatic exchanges evolved from a conceptual framework developed by the Chinese. Gradually, the theoretical model would be modified. The changing model mirrors the evolution of a unique relationship between two neighboring states.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 20th century, Joseon's neighborly relations diplomacy failed. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Joseon_diplomacy">Joseon diplomacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Joseon diplomacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Joseon_diplomacy" title="Joseon diplomacy">Joseon diplomacy</a></div> <p>General Yi Sŏng-gye (posthumously known as <a href="/wiki/Taejo_of_Joseon" title="Taejo of Joseon">Taejo of Joseon</a>) established the "Kingdom of Great Joseon" in 1392–1393, and he founded the <a href="/wiki/Yi_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Yi family">Yi dynasty</a> which would retain power on the Korean peninsula for five hundred years. An early achievement of the new monarch was improved relations with China; and indeed, Joseon had its origin in General Yi's refusal to attack China in response to raids from Chinese bandits.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Joseon foreign policy would evolve from pre-existing foundations. For example, <a href="/wiki/Goryeo_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Goryeo dynasty">Goryeo</a> envoy <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Fng_Mong-ju" title="Chŏng Mong-ju">Chŏng Mong-ju</a> travelled to Japan in 1377;<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the consequences of his efforts were only seen later. </p><p>As an initial step, a diplomatic mission was dispatched to Japan in 1402. The Joseon envoy sought to bring about the re-establishment of amicable relations between the two countries and he was charged to commemorate the good relations which existed in ancient times. This mission was successful, and <i><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dgun" class="mw-redirect" title="Shōgun">shōgun</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Ashikaga_Yoshimitsu" title="Ashikaga Yoshimitsu">Ashikaga Yoshimitsu</a> was reported to have been favorably impressed by this initial embassy.<sup id="cite_ref-Titsingh,_p._320_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Titsingh,_p._320-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Subsequent missions developed and nurtured the contacts and exchanges between the two neighboring countries. </p><p>Not less than 70 diplomatic missions were dispatched from the Joseon capital to Japan before the beginning of Japan's <a href="/wiki/Edo_period" title="Edo period">Edo period</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A diplomatic mission conventionally consisted of three envoys—the main envoy, the vice-envoy, and a document official. Also included were one or more official writers or recorders who created a detailed account of the mission.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Artists were also included in the diplomatic delegation. </p><p>Reciprocal missions were construed as a means of communication between Korean kings and Japanese <i>shōguns</i> of almost equal ranking. The emperors of Japan at the time were figureheads with no actual political or military power;<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the actual political and military rulers of Japan with whom Joseon communicated were the shoguns who were represented as "tycoon of Japan" in most foreign communications in order to avoid the conflict with the <a href="/wiki/Sinocentrism" title="Sinocentrism">Sinocentric world order</a> in which the <a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_China" title="Emperor of China">emperor of China</a> was the highest authority, and all rulers of tributary states were known as "kings".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The history of Joseon Korea's diplomacy with Japan can be parsed in four parts: (a) before the Japanese invasions in 1592–1598; (b) in the context of the invasion; (c) after the invasion; and (d) in modern times. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Joseon_missions_to_the_Muromachi_shogunate">Joseon missions to the Muromachi shogunate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Joseon missions to the Muromachi shogunate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Joseon_Tongsinsa#15th–16th_century_diplomatic_ventures" title="Joseon Tongsinsa">Joseon Tongsinsa § 15th–16th century diplomatic ventures</a></div> <p>The Joseon diplomatic contacts and communication with Japan encompassed formal embassies to the <a href="/wiki/Ashikaga_shogunate" title="Ashikaga shogunate">Muromachi bakufu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Joseon diplomacy also included the more frequent and less formal exchanges with the Japanese <i>daimyo</i> (feudal lord) of <a href="/wiki/Tsushima_Island" title="Tsushima Island">Tsushima Island</a>. </p><p>In addition, trade missions between merchants of the area were commonplace. For example, more than 60 trade missions per year marked the period from 1450 through 1500.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="background:#efefef"> <th scope="col" width="8%">Year </th> <th scope="col" width="10%">Sender </th> <th scope="col" width="26%">Joseon chief envoy </th> <th scope="col" width="20%">Japanese <i>shōgun</i> </th> <th scope="col" width="48%">Official purpose </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1392 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Taejo_of_Joseon" title="Taejo of Joseon">Taejo</a> </td> <td>– ? </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ashikaga_Yoshimitsu" title="Ashikaga Yoshimitsu">Ashikaga Yoshimitsu</a> </td> <td align="left">Re-establishment of amicable relations between the two countries, remembering good relations which existed in ancient times<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1398 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Taejo_of_Joseon" title="Taejo of Joseon">Taejo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pak_Ton-ji" title="Pak Ton-ji">Pak Ton-ji</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ashikaga_Yoshimochi" title="Ashikaga Yoshimochi">Ashikaga Yoshimochi</a> </td> <td align="left">Response envoys; and seeking help in suppression of pirate fleets, called <i><a href="/wiki/Waegu" class="mw-redirect" title="Waegu">waegu</a></i> (왜구) in Korean or <i><a href="/wiki/Wokou" title="Wokou">wakō</a></i> (倭寇) in Japanese , <a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cuchi_Yoshihiro" title="Ōuchi Yoshihiro">Ōuchi Yoshihiro</a> let him visit and <a href="/wiki/Ashikaga_Yoshimitsu" title="Ashikaga Yoshimitsu">Ashikaga Yoshimitsu</a>, the retired shōgun, sent him a letter with presents<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1404 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Taejong_of_Joseon" title="Taejong of Joseon">Taejong</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yeo_Ui-son" class="mw-redirect" title="Yeo Ui-son">Yeo Ui-son</a><sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Ashikaga Yoshimochi </td> <td align="left">Response envoys<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1406 </td> <td>Taejong </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yun_My%C5%8Fng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yun Myŏng (page does not exist)">Yun Myŏng</a><sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Ashikaga Yoshimochi </td> <td align="left">Response envoys<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1410 </td> <td>Taejong </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yang_Su_(diplomat)" title="Yang Su (diplomat)">Yang Su</a><sup id="cite_ref-kang38_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang38-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Ashikaga Yoshimochi </td> <td align="left">Response envoys; conveying condolences on the death of Yoshimitsu;<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and offering to send a copy of a rare Buddhist text.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1413 </td> <td>Taejong </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bak_Bun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bak Bun (page does not exist)">Bak Bun</a>? </td> <td>Ashikaga Yoshimochi </td> <td align="left">–? </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1420 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sejong_of_Joseon" class="mw-redirect" title="Sejong of Joseon">Sejong</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Song_H%C5%ADi-gy%C5%8Fng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Song Hŭi-gyŏng (page does not exist)">Song Hŭi-gyŏng</a><sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Ashikaga Yoshimochi </td> <td align="left">Response envoys<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1423 </td> <td>Sejong </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pak_H%C5%ADi-chung" title="Pak Hŭi-chung">Pak Hŭi-chung</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ashikaga_Yoshikazu" title="Ashikaga Yoshikazu">Ashikaga Yoshikazu</a> </td> <td align="left">Response envoys;<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and transporting a copy of a rare Buddhist text.<sup id="cite_ref-Titsingh,_p._330_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Titsingh,_p._330-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1424 </td> <td>Sejong </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pak_An-sin" title="Pak An-sin">Pak An-sin</a><sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Ashikaga Yoshikazu </td> <td align="left">Response envoys<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1428 </td> <td>Sejong </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pak_S%C5%8F-saeng" title="Pak Sŏ-saeng">Pak Sŏ-saeng</a><sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ashikaga_Yoshinori" title="Ashikaga Yoshinori">Ashikaga Yoshinori</a> </td> <td align="left">Condolences on the death of Yoshimochi; conveying congratulations on the succession of Yoshinori<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1432 </td> <td>Sejong </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yi_Ye" title="Yi Ye">Yi Ye</a><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Ashikaga Yoshinori </td> <td align="left">Response envoys<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1439 </td> <td>Sejong </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ko_T%C5%ADk-chong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ko Tŭk-chong (page does not exist)">Ko Tŭk-chong</a><sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Ashikaga Yoshinori </td> <td align="left">Neighborly relations; and asking help in suppression of expanded <i>waegu</i> (<i>wakō</i>) activities.<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1443 </td> <td>Sejong </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Byeon_Hyo-mun" title="Byeon Hyo-mun">Byeon Hyo-mun</a><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ashikaga_Yoshimasa" title="Ashikaga Yoshimasa">Ashikaga Yoshimasa</a> </td> <td align="left">Condolences on the death of Yoshinori; and conveying congratulations on the succession of Yoshikatsu<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1392">1392</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1392"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 1st year of the reign of King <a href="/wiki/Taejo_of_Joseon" title="Taejo of Joseon">Taejo of Joseon</a>, a diplomatic mission was sent to Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-Titsingh,_p._320_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Titsingh,_p._320-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1398">1398</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1398"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 6th year of King Taejong's reign, a diplomatic mission was sent to Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pak Tong-chi and his retinue arrived in Kyoto in the early autumn of 1398 (<i><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cei" title="Ōei">Ōei</a> 5, 8th month</i>). <i>Shōgun</i> <a href="/wiki/Ashikaga_Yoshimochi" title="Ashikaga Yoshimochi">Ashikaga Yoshimochi</a> presented the envoy with a formal diplomatic letter; and presents were given for the envoy to convey to the Joseon court.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1404">1404</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1404"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 4th year of King Taejong's reign, a diplomatic mission was sent to Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1406">1406</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1406"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 6th year of King Taejong's reign, a diplomatic mission was sent to Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1409–1410"><span id="1409.E2.80.931410"></span>1409–1410</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1409–1410"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 10th year of King Taejong's reign, an ambassador from the Joseon court was received in Kyoto. This event in 1409 (<i>Ōei 16, 3rd month</i>) was considered significant.<sup id="cite_ref-titsingh325_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-titsingh325-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1413">1413</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1413"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 13th year of King Taejong's reign, a diplomatic mission was sent to Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1420">1420</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 1420"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 2nd year of the reign of King <a href="/wiki/Sejong_the_Great" title="Sejong the Great">Sejong the Great</a>, a diplomatic mission was sent to Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1423">1423</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 1423"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 5th year of King Sejong's reign, a diplomatic mission was sent to Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Titsingh,_p._330_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Titsingh,_p._330-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1424">1424</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 1424"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 6th year of King Sejong's reign, a diplomatic mission was sent to Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1428">1428</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 1428"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 10th year of King Sejong's reign, the Joseon court dispatched <a href="/wiki/Pak_S%C5%8F-saeng" title="Pak Sŏ-saeng">Pak Sŏ-saeng</a> as chief envoy of a mission to the shogunal court of <a href="/wiki/Ashikaga_Yoshinori" title="Ashikaga Yoshinori">Ashikaga Yoshinori</a> in Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1432">1432</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 1432"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 14th year of King Sejong's reign, a diplomatic mission was sent to Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-lee268_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lee268-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1439">1439</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 1439"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 21st year of King Sejong's reign, a diplomatic mission was sent to Japan. The leader of this embassy to <i>shōgun</i> Yoshinori was <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ko_T%C5%ADk-chong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ko Tŭk-chong (page does not exist)">Ko Tŭk-chong</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1443">1443</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 1443"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 25th year of King Sejong's reign, an embassy was sent to the Japanese capital. <a href="/wiki/Byeon_Hyo-mun" title="Byeon Hyo-mun">Byeon Hyo-mun</a> was the chief envoy sent by the Joseon court.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ambassador was received in Kyoto by <a href="/wiki/Ashikaga_Yoshimasa" title="Ashikaga Yoshimasa">Ashikaga Yoshimasa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Joseon_missions_to_Hideyoshi">Joseon missions to Hideyoshi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Joseon missions to Hideyoshi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Japanese_invasions_of_Korea_(1592%E2%80%931598)" title="Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)">Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)</a></div> <p>After the fall of the Ashikaga shogunate, the Joseon diplomatic missions to Japan were dispatched to Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who emerged as an unchallenged strong man and leader after the death of <a href="/wiki/Oda_Nobunaga" title="Oda Nobunaga">Oda Nobunaga</a> in 1582.<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The less formal contacts with the leaders of the <a href="/wiki/S%C5%8D_clan" title="Sō clan">Sō clan</a> on Tsushima continued. </p><p>Diplomatic relations were severed in 1592 when Japanese armies invaded Joseon territory. The ruptured bilateral relations were not restored immediately after the death of Hideyoshi in 1598; the invading forces gradually withdrew from occupied land on the Korean peninsula.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the end of 1598 all Japanese forces had left Korea, but relations would not be normalized until several years later, during the Tokugawa shogunate. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="background:#efefef"> <th scope="col" width="8%">Year </th> <th scope="col" width="10%">Sender </th> <th scope="col" width="26%">Joseon chief envoy </th> <th scope="col" width="20%"><a href="/wiki/Taiko" title="Taiko">Taiko</a><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col" width="48%">Official purpose </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1590 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seonjo_of_Joseon" title="Seonjo of Joseon">Seonjo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hwang_Yun-gil" title="Hwang Yun-gil">Hwang Yun-gil</a><sup id="cite_ref-rutt190_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rutt190-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Toyotomi_Hideyoshi" title="Toyotomi Hideyoshi">Toyotomi Hideyoshi</a> </td> <td align="left">Congratulations on the unification of Hideyoshi<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1596 </td> <td>Seonjo </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hwang_Sin" title="Hwang Sin">Hwang Sin</a><sup id="cite_ref-palais83_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-palais83-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Toyotomi Hideyoshi </td> <td align="left">Negotiating end of hostilities, withdrawal of invading Japanese forces.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1590">1590</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: 1590"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 23rd year of the reign of King <a href="/wiki/Seonjo_of_Joseon" title="Seonjo of Joseon">Seonjo</a>, a diplomatic mission led by <a href="/wiki/Hwang_Yun-gil" title="Hwang Yun-gil">Hwang Yun-gil</a> was sent by the Joseon court to Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-rutt190_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rutt190-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Joseon ambassador was received by the Japanese leader, <a href="/wiki/Toyotomi_Hideyoshi" title="Toyotomi Hideyoshi">Toyotomi Hideyoshi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-kang275_12-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1596">1596</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: 1596"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 29th year of King Seonjo's reign, a diplomatic mission headed by <a href="/wiki/Hwang_Sin" title="Hwang Sin">Hwang Sin</a> accompanied the Ming ambassadors who traveled to Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-palais83_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-palais83-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Joseon_missions_to_the_Tokugawa_shogunate">Joseon missions to the Tokugawa shogunate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Joseon missions to the Tokugawa shogunate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Joseon_Tongsinsa#17th-19th_century_diplomatic_ventures" title="Joseon Tongsinsa">Joseon Tongsinsa § 17th-19th century diplomatic ventures</a></div> <p>After the Japanese invaders were repulsed, Korean-Japanese diplomatic relations had to be re-established and normalized; they ultimately took on a somewhat different form than prior to 1592.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For starters, Japanese envoys/missions were restricted to the <i>waegwan</i> in Busan and prohibited from traveling to Hanseong (present-day Seoul) by the Joseon court (as the Japanese invasion forces in 1592 used the same land route in Korea as prior Japanese missions had).<sup id="cite_ref-english.historyfoundation.or.kr_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-english.historyfoundation.or.kr-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further, the missions from Joseon were no longer greeted in Japan by military commanders but only diplomats. Lastly, the costs of the Korean missions were entirely paid for by the Japanese, which by some estimates equaled the Tokugawa shogunate's entire annual budget in the years that they were dispatched.<sup id="cite_ref-english.historyfoundation.or.kr_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-english.historyfoundation.or.kr-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Joseon court also did not resume using the term <i><a href="/wiki/Tongsinsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Tongsinsa">tongsinsa</a></i> for missions to Japan until the 1636 mission, as the term was only used for missions under conditions of normalized relations.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="background:#efefef"> <th scope="col" width="8%">Year </th> <th scope="col" width="10%">Sender </th> <th scope="col" width="26%">Joseon chief envoy </th> <th scope="col" width="10%">Japanese <i>shōgun</i> </th> <th scope="col" width="48%">Official purpose </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1607 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seonjo_of_Joseon" title="Seonjo of Joseon">Seonjo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8F_Ugil" class="mw-redirect" title="Yŏ Ugil">Yŏ Ugil</a><sup id="cite_ref-kang144_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang144-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Hidetada" title="Tokugawa Hidetada">Tokugawa Hidetada</a> </td> <td align="left">Responding to Japanese invitation; observation of internal Japanese political situation; repatriation of prisoners.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1607_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1607-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1617 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gwanghaegun_of_Joseon" title="Gwanghaegun of Joseon">Gwanghaegun</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/O_Yun%27gy%C5%8Fm" class="mw-redirect" title="O Yun'gyŏm">O Yun'gyŏm</a><sup id="cite_ref-walraven361_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walraven361-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Tokugawa Hidetada </td> <td align="left">Responding to Japanese invitation; congratulations on victory in <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Osaka" title="Siege of Osaka">Siege of Osaka</a>; repatriation of prisoners.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1617_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1617-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1624 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Injo_of_Joseon" title="Injo of Joseon">Injo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Fng_Ip" class="mw-redirect" title="Chŏng Ip">Chŏng Ip</a><sup id="cite_ref-toby70_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toby70-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Iemitsu" title="Tokugawa Iemitsu">Tokugawa Iemitsu</a> </td> <td align="left">Responding to Japanese invitation; congratulations on succession of <i>shōgun</i> Iemitsu; repatriation of prisoners.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1624_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1624-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1636 </td> <td>Injo </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Im_Kwang" class="mw-redirect" title="Im Kwang">Im Kwang</a><sup id="cite_ref-toby205-207_titsingh411_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toby205-207_titsingh411-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Tokugawa Iemitsu </td> <td align="left">Celebrating prosperity.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1636_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1636-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1643 </td> <td>Injo </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yun_Sunji" title="Yun Sunji">Yun Sunji</a><sup id="cite_ref-toby105_titsingh412_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toby105_titsingh412-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Tokugawa Iemitsu </td> <td align="left">Celebrating birthday of <i>shōgun</i> Iemitsu.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1643_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1643-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1655 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hyojong_of_Joseon" title="Hyojong of Joseon">Hyojong</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cho_Hy%C5%8Fng" class="mw-redirect" title="Cho Hyŏng">Cho Hyŏng</a><sup id="cite_ref-walraven361_Titsingh413_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walraven361_Titsingh413-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Ietsuna" title="Tokugawa Ietsuna">Tokugawa Ietsuna</a> </td> <td align="left">Congratulations on the succession of <i>shōgun</i> Ietsuna.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1655_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1655-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1682 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sukjong_of_Joseon" title="Sukjong of Joseon">Sukjong</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yun_Jiwan" title="Yun Jiwan">Yun Jiwan</a><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Tsunayoshi" title="Tokugawa Tsunayoshi">Tokugawa Tsunayoshi</a> </td> <td align="left">Congratulions on the succession of <i>shōgun</i> Tsunayoshi.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1682_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1682-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1711 </td> <td>Sukjong </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jo_Tae-eok" title="Jo Tae-eok">Jo Tae-eok</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jo_Tae-eok1_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jo_Tae-eok1-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Ienobu" title="Tokugawa Ienobu">Tokugawa Ienobu</a> </td> <td align="left">Congratulations on the succession of shōgun Ienobu.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1711_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1711-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1719 </td> <td>Sukjong </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hong_Ch%27ijung" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Ch'ijung">Hong Ch'ijung</a><sup id="cite_ref-walraven361_titsingh417_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walraven361_titsingh417-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Yoshimune" title="Tokugawa Yoshimune">Tokugawa Yoshimune</a> </td> <td align="left">Congratulations on the succession of shōgun Yoshimune.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1719_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1719-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1748 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yeongjo_of_Joseon" title="Yeongjo of Joseon">Yeongjo</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kyeh%C5%ADi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kyehŭi (page does not exist)">Hong Kyehŭi</a><sup id="cite_ref-walraven361_titsingh418_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walraven361_titsingh418-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Ieshige" title="Tokugawa Ieshige">Tokugawa Ieshige</a> </td> <td align="left">Congratulations on the succession of shōgun Ieshige.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1748_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1748-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1764 </td> <td>Yeongjo </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jo_Eom" title="Jo Eom">Jo Eom</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jo_Eom1_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jo_Eom1-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Ieharu" title="Tokugawa Ieharu">Tokugawa Ieharu</a> </td> <td align="left">Congratulations on the succession of shōgun Ieharu.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1764_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1764-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>1811 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sunjo_of_Joseon" title="Sunjo of Joseon">Sunjo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kim_Igyo" title="Kim Igyo">Kim Igyo</a><sup id="cite_ref-walraven361_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walraven361-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Ienari" title="Tokugawa Ienari">Tokugawa Ienari</a> </td> <td align="left">Congratulations on the succession of shōgun Ienari.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1811_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1811-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1607">1607</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: 1607"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 40th year of the reign of King <a href="/wiki/Seonjo_of_Joseon" title="Seonjo of Joseon">Seonjo of Joseon</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1607_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1607-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> representatives of the Joseon court were dispatched to Japan. This diplomatic mission functioned to the advantage of both the Japanese and the Koreans as a channel for developing a political foundation for trade.<sup id="cite_ref-walker48_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walker48-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This embassy traveled to Edo for an audience with shōgun <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Hidetada" title="Tokugawa Hidetada">Tokugawa Hidetada</a> in the 12th year of <i><a href="/wiki/Keicho" class="mw-redirect" title="Keicho">Keicho</a></i>, according to the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_era_name" title="Japanese era name">Japanese era name</a> in use at this time.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1607_36-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1607-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8F_Ugil" class="mw-redirect" title="Yŏ Ugil">Yŏ Ugil</a> was the chief Joseon envoy;<sup id="cite_ref-kang144_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang144-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and there was 467 others accompanying him.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1607_36-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1607-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1617">1617</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: 1617"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 9th year of the reign of King <a href="/wiki/Gwanghaegun_of_Joseon" title="Gwanghaegun of Joseon">Gwanghaegun of Joseon</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1617_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1617-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Joseon court dispatched a mission to Edo; but the embassy travelled only as far as Kyoto. The delegation was received by shōgun Hidetada at <a href="/wiki/Fushimi_Castle" title="Fushimi Castle">Fushimi Castle</a><sup id="cite_ref-toby105n16_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toby105n16-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the 3rd year of <i><a href="/wiki/Genna" title="Genna">Genna</a></i>, as the Japanese reckoned time.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1617_38-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1617-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The chief envoy was <a href="/wiki/O_Yun%27gy%C5%8Fm" class="mw-redirect" title="O Yun'gyŏm">O Yun'gyŏm</a><sup id="cite_ref-walraven361_37-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walraven361-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and there were 428 others in his party.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1617_38-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1617-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1624">1624</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: 1624"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 2nd year of the reign of King <a href="/wiki/Injo_of_Joseon" title="Injo of Joseon">Injo of Joseon</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1624_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1624-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a delegation was sent to Edo with <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Fng_Ip" class="mw-redirect" title="Chŏng Ip">Chŏng Ip</a> as its chief envoy.<sup id="cite_ref-walraven361_37-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walraven361-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The size of this diplomatic numbered 460.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1624_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1624-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> shōgun <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Iemitsu" title="Tokugawa Iemitsu">Tokugawa Iemitsu</a> received the ambassador in Edo.<sup id="cite_ref-toby70_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toby70-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Joseon embassy was considered a significant event in the 1st year of <i><a href="/wiki/Kan%27ei" title="Kan'ei">Kan'ei</a></i>, according to the Japanese calendar,<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1624_40-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1624-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1636">1636</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: 1636"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 14th year of King Injo's reign, a diplomatic mission (the first to be titled <i>tongsinsa</i> since the severing of relations in 1592,<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> thus formally indicating full normalization of relations) was sent to Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1636_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1636-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ambassador of the Joseon king was <a href="/wiki/Im_Kwang" class="mw-redirect" title="Im Kwang">Im Kwang</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-toby205-207_titsingh411_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toby205-207_titsingh411-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and he was accompanied by 478 others.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1636_42-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1636-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the Japanese calendar, the mission reached Japan in 1635 (<i><a href="/wiki/Kan%27ei" title="Kan'ei">Kan'ei</a> 13, 12th month</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-titsingh411_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-titsingh411-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This mission to the court of shōgun Iemitsu in Edo also encompassed a pilgrimage to the first shogun's mausoleum at <a href="/wiki/Nikk%C5%8D" title="Nikkō">Nikkō</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The grand procession of the shogun, which included the large Joseon contingent, travelled from Edo to Nikko in the 4th month of the 14th year of <i>Kan'ei</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-titsingh411_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-titsingh411-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1643">1643</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: 1643"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 21st year of King Injo's reign,<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1643_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1643-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a mission to Edo was led by <a href="/wiki/Yun_Sunji" title="Yun Sunji">Yun Sunji</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-toby105_titsingh412b_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toby105_titsingh412b-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The size of the Joseon delegation was 477.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1643_44-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1643-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The delegation arrived at the shogunal court in Edo on the 20th year of <i>Kan'ei</i>, as reckoned by the Japanese calendar.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This delegation was received in the court of shōgun Iemitsu; and they also completed a visit to shōgun Ieaysu's mausoleum at <a href="/wiki/Nikk%C5%8D" title="Nikkō">Nikkō</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-toby105n16_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toby105n16-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1655">1655</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: 1655"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joseon_Tongsinsa_1655_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Joseon_Tongsinsa_1655_%282%29.jpg/220px-Joseon_Tongsinsa_1655_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Joseon_Tongsinsa_1655_%282%29.jpg/330px-Joseon_Tongsinsa_1655_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Joseon_Tongsinsa_1655_%282%29.jpg/440px-Joseon_Tongsinsa_1655_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="358" /></a><figcaption>The Korean envoy and his retinue in the 1655 Joseon Tongsinsa to Edo – print attributed to <a href="/wiki/Hishikawa_Moronobu" title="Hishikawa Moronobu">Hishikawa Moronobu</a>, 1618–1694</figcaption></figure> <p>In the 6th year of the reign of King <a href="/wiki/Hyojong_of_Joseon" title="Hyojong of Joseon">Hyojong of Joseon</a>, the Joseon court sent a mission to the shogunal court of <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Ietsuna" title="Tokugawa Ietsuna">Tokugawa Ietsuna</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1655_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1655-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This mission arrived in Japan during the 1st year of <i><a href="/wiki/Meireki" title="Meireki">Meireki</a></i>, according to in the Japanese dating system.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Cho_Hy%C5%8Fng" class="mw-redirect" title="Cho Hyŏng">Cho Hyŏng</a> was the chief envoy of the Joseon embassy,<sup id="cite_ref-walraven361_Titsingh413_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walraven361_Titsingh413-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and his retinue numbered 485.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1655_46-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1655-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the embassy was received in the shogunate court at Edo; and the delegation proceeded the <a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dsh%C5%8D-g%C5%AB" title="Tōshō-gū">Tōshō-gū</a> at <a href="/wiki/Nikk%C5%8D" title="Nikkō">Nikkō</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-toby105n16_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toby105n16-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1682">1682</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: 1682"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 8th year of the reign of King <a href="/wiki/Sukjong_of_Joseon" title="Sukjong of Joseon">Sukjong of Joseon</a>, a diplomatic mission to the shogunal court of <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Tsunayoshi" title="Tokugawa Tsunayoshi">Tokugawa Tsunayoshi</a> was dispatched from the Joseon court.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1682_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1682-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Yun_Jiwan" title="Yun Jiwan">Yun Jiwan</a> was the chief emissary;<sup id="cite_ref-walraven361_37-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walraven361-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and he was accompanied by 473 others, traveling to Edo during the 2nd year of <i><a href="/wiki/Tenna" title="Tenna">Tenna</a></i> according to the Japanese calendar.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1682_48-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1682-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1711">1711</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: 1711"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 37th year King Sukjong's reign, an envoy was sent to the shogunal court of <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Ienobu" title="Tokugawa Ienobu">Tokugawa Ienobu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1711_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1711-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This embassy arrived in the 1st year of <i><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dtoku_(era)" title="Shōtoku (era)">Shōtoku</a></i>, according to the Japanese calendar.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Jo_Tae-eok" title="Jo Tae-eok">Jo Tae-eok</a> was the chief envoy of this diplomatic embassy;<sup id="cite_ref-walraven361_37-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walraven361-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the size of his delegation numbered 500.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1711_50-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1711-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1719">1719</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: 1719"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 45th year of King Sukjong's reign, an embassy was dispatched to Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1719_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1719-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Joseon envoy and his party arrived in Japan in the 10th month of the 4th year of <i><a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%8Dh%C5%8D" title="Kyōhō">Kyōhō</a></i>, as reckoned by the Japanese calendar in use at that time.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> King Sukjong sent <a href="/wiki/Hong_Ch%27ijung" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Ch'ijung">Hong Ch'ijung</a> with a retinue of 475.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1719_52-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1719-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Joseon ambassador was granted an audience with shōgun <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Yoshimune" title="Tokugawa Yoshimune">Tokugawa Yoshimune</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1748">1748</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: 1748"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ch%C5%8Dsen_Ts%C5%ABshin-shi_Raich%C5%8D-zu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Ch%C5%8Dsen_Ts%C5%ABshin-shi_Raich%C5%8D-zu.jpg/240px-Ch%C5%8Dsen_Ts%C5%ABshin-shi_Raich%C5%8D-zu.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Ch%C5%8Dsen_Ts%C5%ABshin-shi_Raich%C5%8D-zu.jpg/360px-Ch%C5%8Dsen_Ts%C5%ABshin-shi_Raich%C5%8D-zu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Ch%C5%8Dsen_Ts%C5%ABshin-shi_Raich%C5%8D-zu.jpg/480px-Ch%C5%8Dsen_Ts%C5%ABshin-shi_Raich%C5%8D-zu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3050" data-file-height="2322" /></a><figcaption>This image of a <a href="/wiki/Joseon_Tongsinsa" title="Joseon Tongsinsa">Joseon <i>tongsinsa</i></a> procession through the streets of <a href="/wiki/Edo" title="Edo">Edo</a> in 1748 is entitled <i>Chosenjin Ukie</i> by Hanegawa Tōei, c. 1748.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the 24th year of the reign of King <a href="/wiki/Yeongjo_of_Joseon" title="Yeongjo of Joseon">Yeongjo of Joseon</a>, the Joseon court sent a diplomatic mission to Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1748_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1748-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Joseon envoy and his retinue arrived in Edo in the 1st year of <i><a href="/wiki/Kan%27en" title="Kan'en">Kan'en</a></i>, according to the Japanese calendar.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The chief envoy of this Joseon delegation was <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kyeh%C5%ADi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kyehŭi (page does not exist)">Hong Kyehŭi</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-walraven361_titsingh418_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walraven361_titsingh418-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and he was accompanied by 475 others.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1748_54-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1748-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1764">1764</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: 1764"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 40th year of King Yeongjo's reign, a diplomatic envoy was dispatched to Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1764_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1764-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This mission to the shogunal court of <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Ieharu" title="Tokugawa Ieharu">Tokugawa Ieharu</a> arrived in the shogunal capital the 1st year of <i><a href="/wiki/Meiwa" title="Meiwa">Meiwa</a></i>, as reckoned by the Japanese calendar.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Jo_Eom" title="Jo Eom">Jo Eom</a> was the chief envoy in 1764;<sup id="cite_ref-walraven359_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walraven359-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 477 traveled with him.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1764_56-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1764-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The renowned <a href="/wiki/Edo_period" title="Edo period">Edo period</a> poet <a href="/wiki/Fukuda_Chiyo-ni" title="Fukuda Chiyo-ni">Fukuda Chiyo-ni</a> was chosen to prepare the official Japanese gift presented to the Korean Delegation, and she crafted and delivered 21 artworks based on her 21 <a href="/wiki/Haiku" title="Haiku">haiku</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This ambassador is important historical figure because he is credited with introducing <a href="/wiki/Sweet_potato" title="Sweet potato">sweet potatoes</a> as a food crop in Korea.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The "new" food staple was encountered during the course of this diplomatic mission.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1811">1811</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: 1811"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 11th year of the reign of King <a href="/wiki/Sunjo_of_Joseon" title="Sunjo of Joseon">Sunjo of Joseon</a>, the king sent a mission to the shogunal court of Tokugawa Ienari.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1811_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1811-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The embassy did not travel any further than <a href="/wiki/Tsushima_Island" title="Tsushima Island">Tsushima</a>. The representatives of shōgun Ienari met the mission on the island which is located in the middle of the <a href="/wiki/Korea_Strait" title="Korea Strait">Korea Strait</a> between the <a href="/wiki/Korean_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean Peninsula">Korean Peninsula</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kyushu" title="Kyushu">Kyushu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-walraven359_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walraven359-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The chief envoy of this mission was <a href="/wiki/Kim_Igyo" title="Kim Igyo">Kim Igyo</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-walraven361_37-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walraven361-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and there were 336 in his retinue.<sup id="cite_ref-history_foundation1811_57-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_foundation1811-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Joseon-Japan_diplomacy_adapting">Joseon-Japan diplomacy adapting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Joseon-Japan diplomacy adapting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Joseon-Japanese bilateral relations were affected by the increasing numbers of international contacts which required adaptation and a new kind of diplomacy.<sup id="cite_ref-kang38-78_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang38-78-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Japan's <a href="/wiki/Sakoku" title="Sakoku">Sakoku</a> period ("closed country") ended in 1854, altering all regional relations for Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1876">1876</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: 1876"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Korea-Japan_Treaty_of_1876" class="mw-redirect" title="Korea-Japan Treaty of 1876">Korea-Japan Treaty of 1876</a> marked the beginning of a new phase in bilateral relations.<sup id="cite_ref-kang38-78_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kang38-78-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseon_diplomacy" title="Joseon diplomacy">Joseon diplomacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_missions_to_Joseon" title="Japanese missions to Joseon">Japanese missions to Joseon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Empire" title="Korean Empire">Korean Empire</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">한일관계사연구논집편찬위원회. (2005). 통신사・왜관과한일관계 (<i>Han Il kwangyesa yŏngu nonjip</i>), Vol. 6, p. 29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kang, Etsuko H. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4f0jnNzdRb4C&pg=PA49"><i>Diplomacy and Ideology in Japanese-Korean Relations: from the Fifteenth to the Eighteenth Century</i>, p. 49.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Toby, Ronald P. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2hK7tczn2QoC&dq=korean+diplomacy+1711&pg=PA85"><i>State and Diplomacy in Early Modern Japan: Asia in the Development of the Tokugawa Bakufu</i>, p. 87.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hussain, Tariq. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OijoSOZktc4C&pg=PA45"><i>Diamond Dilemma: Shaping Korea for the 21st Century</i>, p. 45</a>; Hodge, Carl Cavanagh. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NtEZ7Zq7s-gC&pg=PA401"><i>Encyclopedia of the Age of Imperialism, 1800–1914: A-K</i>, p. 401.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). <i>Annales des empereurs du japon</i>, p. 313; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=33">Korea-Japan Relations> Middle Ages> 4. Waegu and the Korea-Japan Relationship.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091028164235/http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=33">Archived</a> October 28, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Titsingh,_p._320-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Titsingh,_p._320_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Titsingh,_p._320_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Titsingh, p. 320.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lewis, James Bryant. <i>Frontier contact between chosŏn Korea and Tokugawa Japan</i>, p. 269 n. 89, citing <i>Hanguk Chungse tae-il kysōpsa yŏngu</i> (1996) by Na Chongpu.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Walraven, Boudewign <i>et al.</i> (2007). <i>Korea in the middle: Korean studies and area studies</i>, p. 362.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFShillony2008" class="citation book cs1">Shillony, Ben-Ami (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FwztKKtQ_rAC&pg=PA1"><i>The Emperors of Modern Japan</i></a>. BRILL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9004168220" title="Special:BookSources/978-9004168220"><bdi>978-9004168220</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Emperors+of+Modern+Japan&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-9004168220&rft.aulast=Shillony&rft.aufirst=Ben-Ami&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFwztKKtQ_rAC%26pg%3DPA1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoseon+missions+to+Japan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShillony2012" class="citation book cs1">Shillony, Ben-Ami (January 24, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OvzPAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA40"><i>Jews & the Japanese: The Successful Outsiders</i></a>. Tuttle. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781462903962" title="Special:BookSources/9781462903962"><bdi>9781462903962</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jews+%26+the+Japanese%3A+The+Successful+Outsiders&rft.pub=Tuttle&rft.date=2012-01-24&rft.isbn=9781462903962&rft.aulast=Shillony&rft.aufirst=Ben-Ami&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOvzPAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA40&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoseon+missions+to+Japan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kang, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4f0jnNzdRb4C&pg=PA206"><i>Diplomacy and Ideology</i>, p. 206.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kang275-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-25"><sup><i><b>z</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-26"><sup><i><b>aa</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-27"><sup><i><b>ab</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-28"><sup><i><b>ac</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang275_12-29"><sup><i><b>ad</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kang, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4f0jnNzdRb4C&pg=PA275"><i>Diplomacy and Ideology</i>, p. 275.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferris, William. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oEkewem1LBYC&pg=PT181"><i>Japan to 1600: A Social and Economic History</i>, 181.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). <i>Annales des empereurs du japon</i>, p. 320.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kang, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4f0jnNzdRb4C&pg=PA275"><i>Diplomacy and Ideology</i>, p. 275</a>; Titsingh, p. 322</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kang, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4f0jnNzdRb4C&pg=PA275"><i>Diplomacy and Ideology</i>, p. 275</a>; Hall, John Whitney. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6RBXXJixf-sC&pg=PA242"><i>The Cambridge History of Japan: Early Modern Japan</i>, p. 242.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kang38-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kang38_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kang, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4f0jnNzdRb4C&pg=PA39"><i>Diplomacy and Ideology</i>, p. 39.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Titsingh, pp. 325–326.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kang, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4f0jnNzdRb4C&pg=PA72"><i>Diplomacy and Ideology</i>, p. 72.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Titsingh,_p._330-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Titsingh,_p._330_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Titsingh,_p._330_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Titsingh, p. 330.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kang, <i>Diplomacy and Ideology.</i> p. 275; Lee, Sang Oak <i>et al.</i> (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OQRxAAAAMAAJ&q=1432+envoy+japan"><i>Perspectives on Korea</i>, p. 268.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kang, Jae-eun, and Suzanne Lee. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iB8R0oEH3kEC&dq=1443+Byeon+Hyo-mun&pg=PA241"><i>The Land of Scholars: Two Thousand Years of Korean Confucianism</i>, p. 241</a>; Titsingh, p. 342.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Titsingh, p. 322.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-titsingh325-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-titsingh325_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Titsingh, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&pg=RA1-PA325">pp. 325–326.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lee268-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lee268_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lee, Sang Oak <i>et al.</i> (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OQRxAAAAMAAJ&q=1432+envoy+japan"><i>Perspectives on Korea</i>, p. 268.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kang, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iB8R0oEH3kEC&dq=1443+Byeon+Hyo-mun&pg=PA241"><i>Land of Scholars</i>, p. 241</a>; Titsingh, p. 342.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kang, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4f0jnNzdRb4C&pg=PA86"><i>Diplomacy and Ideology</i>, p. 86.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Taik%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Taikō">Taikō</a></i><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%96%A4" class="extiw" title="wikt:太閤">太閤</a></span></span>)</span> a title given to a retired <i><a href="/wiki/Sessho_and_Kampaku" class="mw-redirect" title="Sessho and Kampaku">Kampaku</a></i> regent in Japan; a title commonly associated with <a href="/wiki/Toyotomi_Hideyoshi" title="Toyotomi Hideyoshi">Toyotomi Hideyoshi</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rutt190-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rutt190_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rutt190_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rutt, Richard <i>et al.</i> (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=e7pyBEWioLsC&pg=PA190"><i>Korea: a Historical and Cultural Dictionary</i>, p. 190.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-palais83-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-palais83_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-palais83_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Palais, James B. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kwpSxkUYCSAC&pg=PA83"><i>Confucian Statecraft and Korean Institutions: Yu Hyŏngwŏn and the late Chosŏn Dynasty</i>, p. 83</a>; n.b., this source equates the term "formal ambassador" with "tongsinsa", without reference to signifying "normalized" bilateral relations.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kang, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4f0jnNzdRb4C&dq=1596+hwang+sin&pg=PA225"><i>Diplomacy and Ideology</i>, p. 225.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kang, Woong Joe. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hRAPN6SZqKUC&pg=PA44"><i>The Korean struggle for International identity</i>, p. 44.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-english.historyfoundation.or.kr-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-english.historyfoundation.or.kr_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-english.historyfoundation.or.kr_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">"Early Modern Period." Northeast Asian History Foundation, 2007</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091028164240/http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Archived</a> 28 October 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lewis, James Bryant. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0YIbNlliRswC&pg=RA1-PA21"><i>Frontier contact between Chosŏn Korea and Tokugawa Japan,</i> pp. 21–24.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kang144-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kang144_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang144_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kang, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4f0jnNzdRb4C&pg=PA144">p. 144.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-history_foundation1607-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1607_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1607_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1607_36-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1607_36-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=57">Northeast Asia History Foundation</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090303180500/http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=57">Archived</a> March 3, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Korea-Japan relations</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091028164240/http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Archived</a> October 28, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> citing <i>Haesarok</i> (<i>Records of Overseas Mission</i>) by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeong_Seom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gyeong Seom (page does not exist)">Gyeong Seom</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-walraven361-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-walraven361_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-walraven361_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-walraven361_37-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-walraven361_37-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-walraven361_37-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-walraven361_37-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-walraven361_37-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Walraven, Boudewijn <i>et al.</i> (2007). <i>Korea in the middle: Korean studies and area studies</i>, p. 361.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-history_foundation1617-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1617_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1617_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1617_38-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1617_38-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Northeast Asia History Foundation: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Korea-Japan relations</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091028164240/http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Archived</a> October 28, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> citing <i>Dongsasang illok</i> (<i>Daily Records of Mission to Japan</i>) by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oh_Yun-gyeom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oh Yun-gyeom (page does not exist)">Oh Yun-gyeom</a>; <i>Dongsa ilgi</i> (<i>Diary of Mission to Japan</i>) by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bak_Jae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bak Jae (page does not exist)">Bak Jae</a>; and <i>Busangnok</i> (<i>Journal of Travel to Japan</i>) by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yi_Gyeong-jik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yi Gyeong-jik (page does not exist)">Yi Gyeong-jik</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-toby70-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-toby70_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-toby70_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Toby, p. 70.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-history_foundation1624-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1624_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1624_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1624_40-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1624_40-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Northeast Asia History Foundation: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Korea-Japan relations</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091028164240/http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Archived</a> October 28, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> citing <i>Dongsarok</i> (<i>Record of Mission to Japan</i>) by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kang_Hong-jung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kang Hong-jung (page does not exist)">Kang Hong-jung</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-toby205-207_titsingh411-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-toby205-207_titsingh411_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-toby205-207_titsingh411_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Toby, p. 205–207; Titsingh, p. 411; n.b., the name <i>Nin kwô</i> is a pre-<a href="/wiki/Hepburn_romanization" title="Hepburn romanization">Hepburn</a> Japanese <a href="/wiki/Transliteration" title="Transliteration">transliteration</a> and <i>Jin kuang</i> is a pre-<a href="/wiki/McCune%E2%80%93Reischauer" title="McCune–Reischauer">McCune–Reischauer</a>, Korean <a href="/wiki/Romanization" title="Romanization">romanization</a> devised by <a href="/wiki/Julius_Klaproth" title="Julius Klaproth">Julius Klaproth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Abel-R%C3%A9musat" title="Jean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat">Jean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat</a> in 1834.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-history_foundation1636-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1636_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1636_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1636_42-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Northeast Asia History Foundation: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Korea-Japan relations</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091028164240/http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Archived</a> October 28, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> citing <i>Byeongja ilbon ilgi</i> (<i>Diary of Travel to Japan in 1636</i>) by <a href="/wiki/Im_Gwang" title="Im Gwang">Im Gwang</a>; <i>Haesarok</i> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Seryeom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kim Seryeom (page does not exist)">Kim Seryeom</a>; and <i>Dongsarok</i> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hwang_Ho_(diplomat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hwang Ho (diplomat) (page does not exist)">Hwang Ho</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-toby105_titsingh412-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-toby105_titsingh412_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Toby, p. 105; Titsingh, p. 412; n.b., the name <i>Inzioun si</i> is a pre-Hepburn Japanese transliteration devised by Klaproth <i>et al.</i> in 1834.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-history_foundation1643-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1643_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1643_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1643_44-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Northeast Asia History Foundation: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Korea-Japan relations</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091028164240/http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Archived</a> October 28, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> citing <i>Dongsarok</i> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jo_Gyeong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jo Gyeong (page does not exist)">Jo Gyeong</a>; <i>Haesarok</i> by <a href="/wiki/Sin_Yu" class="mw-redirect" title="Sin Yu">Sin Yu</a>; and <i>Gyemi dongsarok</i> (<i>Records of 1643 Mission to Japan</i>) by an unidentified writer.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-walraven361_Titsingh413-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-walraven361_Titsingh413_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-walraven361_Titsingh413_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Walraven, p. 361; Titsingh, p. 413; n.b., the name <i>Tcho ying</i> is a pre-Hepburn Japanese transliteration and <i>Tchao hing</i> is a pre-McCune–Reischauer Korean romanization devised by Klaproth <i>et al.</i> in 1834.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-history_foundation1655-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1655_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1655_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1655_46-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Northeast Asia History Foundation: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Korea-Japan relations</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091028164240/http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Archived</a> October 28, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> citing <i>Busang ilgi</i> (<i>Diary of Travel to Japan</i>) by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jogyeong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jogyeong (page does not exist)">Jogyeong</a>; and <i>Busangnok</i> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nam_Yong-ik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nam Yong-ik (page does not exist)">Nam Yong-ik</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cultural Heritage Administration, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jikimi.cha.go.kr/unisearch/popup/ECulresult_Db_desc.jsp?VdkVgwKey=23,00170000,21">Name of Cultural Properties, <i>Yakjojechalbi</i> (Stele of agreement)</a>, 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-history_foundation1682-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1682_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1682_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1682_48-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Northeast Asia History Foundation: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Korea-Japan relations</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091028164240/http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Archived</a> October 28, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> citing <i>Dongsa illok</i> (<i>Daily Records of Travel to Japan</i>) by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Jinam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kim Jinam (page does not exist)">Kim Jinam</a>; and <i>Dongsarok</i> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_U-jae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong U-jae (page does not exist)">Hong U-jae</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jo_Tae-eok1-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jo_Tae-eok1_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kim, Tae-Jun. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ecijowh6ptwC&pg=PA119"><i>Korean Travel Literature.</i> p. 119</a>; Walraven, p. 361; Titsingh, p. 416; n.b., the name <i>Tota Yokf</i> is a pre-Hepburn Japanese transliteration and <i>Tchao ta ỹ</i> is a pre-McCune–Reischauer Korean romanization devised by Klaproth <i>et al.</i> in 1834.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-history_foundation1711-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1711_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1711_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1711_50-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Northeast Asia History Foundation: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Korea-Japan relations</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091028164240/http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Archived</a> October 28, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> citing <i>Dongsarok</i> by <a href="/wiki/Jo_Tae-eok" title="Jo Tae-eok">Jo Tae-eok</a>; <i>Dongsarok</i> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Hyeon-mun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kim Hyeon-mun (page does not exist)">Kim Hyeon-mun</a>; and <i>Dongsarok</i> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Im_Su-gan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Im Su-gan (page does not exist)">Im Su-gan</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-walraven361_titsingh417-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-walraven361_titsingh417_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Walraven, p. 361; Titsingh, p. 417; n.b., the name <i>Kô tsi tsiou</i> is a pre-Hepburn Japanese transliteration and <i>Hong tschi tchoung</i> is a pre-McCune–Reischauer Korean romanization devised by Klaproth <i>et al.</i> in 1834.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-history_foundation1719-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1719_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1719_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1719_52-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Northeast Asia History Foundation: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Korea-Japan relations</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091028164240/http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Archived</a> October 28, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> citing <i>Haesa illok</i> (<i>Daily Records of Overseas Mission</i>) by <a href="/wiki/Hong_Chi-jung" title="Hong Chi-jung">Hong Chi-jung</a>; <i>Haeyurok</i> (<i>Records of Sea Voyage</i>) by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shin_Yu-han&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shin Yu-han (page does not exist)">Shin Yu-han</a>; <i>Busang gihaeng</i> (<i>Journal of Travel to Japan</i>) by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jeong_Hu-gyo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeong Hu-gyo (page does not exist)">Jeong Hu-gyo</a>; and <i>Busangnok</i> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Heup&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kim Heup (page does not exist)">Kim Heup</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-walraven361_titsingh418-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-walraven361_titsingh418_53-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-walraven361_titsingh418_53-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Walraven, p. 361; Titsingh, p. 418; n.b., the name <i>Tcho ying</i> is a pre-Hepburn Japanese transliteration and <i>Tchao hing</i> is a pre-McCune–Reischauer Korean romanization devised by Klaproth <i>et al.</i> in 1834.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-history_foundation1748-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1748_54-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1748_54-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1748_54-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Northeast Asia History Foundation: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Korea-Japan relations</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091028164240/http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Archived</a> October 28, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> citing <i>Bongsa ilbon si mun gyeonnik</i> (<i>Observation of the Janpanese Culture</i>) by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jo_Myeong-chae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jo Myeong-chae (page does not exist)">Jo Myeong-chae</a>; <i>Susa illok</i> (<i>Daily Records of Observations</i>) by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Gyeong-hae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Gyeong-hae (page does not exist)">Hong Gyeong-hae</a>; and <i>Ilbon ilgi</i> (<i>Diary in Japan</i>) by an unidentified writer.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jo_Eom1-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jo_Eom1_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">염정섭 (Yeom Jeong-Seop). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dbpia.co.kr/view/ar_view.asp?arid=1191166">조선 후기 고구마의 도입과 재배법의 정리 과정 ("The Introduction of Sweet Potatoes and the Development of Cultivation Methods during Late Joseon Korea")</a>, 韩国史硏究 No. 134, January 2006. pp. 111–147.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-history_foundation1764-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1764_56-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1764_56-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1764_56-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Northeast Asia History Foundation: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Korea-Japan relations</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091028164240/http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Archived</a> October 28, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> citing <i>Haesa ilgi</i> (<i>Diary of Overseas Mission</i>) by <a href="/wiki/Jo_Eom" title="Jo Eom">Jo Eom</a>; <i>Gyemi sahaeng ilgi</i> (<i>Diary of 1764 Mission to Japan</i>) by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oh_Dae-ryeong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oh Dae-ryeong (page does not exist)">Oh Dae-ryeong</a>; and <i>Ilbonnok</i> (<i>Record of Japan</i>) by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Seong_Dae-jung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seong Dae-jung (page does not exist)">Seong Dae-jung</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-history_foundation1811-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1811_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1811_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_foundation1811_57-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Northeast Asia History Foundation: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Korea-Japan relations</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091028164240/http://english.historyfoundation.or.kr/?sub_num=34">Archived</a> October 28, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> citing <i>Dongsarok</i> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yusang-pil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yusang-pil (page does not exist)">Yusang-pil</a>; and <i>Doyurok</i> (<i>Record of Voyage to Japan</i>) by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Cheong-san&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kim Cheong-san (page does not exist)">Kim Cheong-san</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-walker48-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-walker48_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Walker, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/609/1/V10N2Walker.pdf">p. 48</a>; Guilliaume, Xavier. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=B6_5gb3W1SsC&dq=envoy+joseon+japan&pg=PA85">"Misdirected Understanding: Narrative Matrices in the Japanese Politics of Alterity toward the West", pp. 85–116</a> in <i>Jahrbuch des Deutschen Instituts für Japanstudien.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-toby105n16-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-toby105n16_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-toby105n16_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-toby105n16_59-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Toby, p. 105 n16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lewis, James Bryant. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0YIbNlliRswC&pg=RA1-PA21"><i>Frontier contact between Chosŏn Korea and Tokugawa Japan,</i> pp. 21–24.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-titsingh411-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-titsingh411_61-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-titsingh411_61-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). <i>Annales des emperors du japon</i>, p. 411.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Toby, p. 105 n16; Walker, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/609/1/V10N2Walker.pdf">p. 50.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-toby105_titsingh412b-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-toby105_titsingh412b_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Toby, p. 105; Titsingh, p. 412.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Titsingh, p. 412.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Titsingh, p. 413.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Titsingh, p. 416.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Titsingh, p. 417.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Titsingh, p. 418.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Titsingh, p. 419.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-walraven359-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-walraven359_70-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-walraven359_70-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Walraven, p. 359.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201026222610/http://haikukan.city.hakusan.ishikawa.jp/english/about/">"haikukan.city.hakusan.ishikawa.jp"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://haikukan.city.hakusan.ishikawa.jp/english/about/">the original</a> on October 26, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=haikukan.city.hakusan.ishikawa.jp&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhaikukan.city.hakusan.ishikawa.jp%2Fenglish%2Fabout%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoseon+missions+to+Japan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kim, Jinwung. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QFPsi3IK8gcC&pg=PA255"><i>A History of Korea: From 'Land of the Morning Calm' to States in Conflict</i>, p. 255</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wiwŏnhoe, p. 305.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kang38-78-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kang38-78_74-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kang38-78_74-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kang, Woong Joe. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hRAPN6SZqKUC&pg=PA38"><i>Struggle for Identity</i>, pp. 38–78.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">W. G. Beasley, <i>The Meiji Restoration</i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1503608269" title="Special:BookSources/978-1503608269">978-1503608269</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Daehwan, Noh. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110614035130/http://www.ekoreajournal.net/upload/html/HTML43412.html">"The Eclectic Development of Neo-Confucianism and Statecraft from the 18th to the 19th Century"</a>, <i>Korea Journal</i> (Winter 2003).</li> <li>Ferris, William Wayne. (2009). <i>Japan to 1600: a Social and Economic History</i>. Honolulu: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Hawaii_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Hawaii Press">University of Hawaii Press</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8248-3379-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8248-3379-4">978-0-8248-3379-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Whitney_Hall" title="John Whitney Hall">Hall</a>, John Whitney. (1997). <i>The Cambridge History of Japan: Early Modern Japan</i>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-22355-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-22355-3">978-0-521-22355-3</a>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/174552485">174552485</a></li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in Korean)</span> 한일관계사연구논집편찬위원회. (2005). 통신사・왜관과한일관계 (<i>Han Il kwangyesa yŏngu nonjip</i>, Vol. 6). 경인문화사. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-89-499-0308-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-89-499-0308-8">978-89-499-0308-8</a>.</li> <li>Hussain, Tariq. (2006). <i>Diamond Dilemma: Shaping Korea for the 21st Century</i>. (다이아몬드딜레마). Seoul: <a href="/wiki/Random_House" title="Random House">Random House</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4303-0641-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4303-0641-2">978-1-4303-0641-2</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/180102797">OCLC 180102797 <span class="languageicon">(in English)</span></a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67712109">OCLC 67712109 <span class="languageicon">(in Korean)</span></a></li> <li>Kang, Etsuko Hae-jin. (1997). <i>Diplomacy and Ideology in Japanese-Korean Relations: from the Fifteenth to the Eighteenth Century</i>. Basingstoke, Hampshire; Macmillan. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-17370-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-17370-8">978-0-312-17370-8</a>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/243874305">243874305</a></li> <li>Kang, Jae-eun and Suzanne Lee. (2006). <i>The Land of Scholars : Two Thousand Years of Korean Confucianism</i>. Paramus, New Jersey: Homa & Sekey Books. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-931907-37-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-931907-37-8">978-1-931907-37-8</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/60931394?referer=di&ht=edition">OCLC 60931394</a></li> <li>Kang, Woong Joe. (2005). <i>The Korean Struggle for International Identity in the Foreground of the Shufeldt Negotiation, 1866–1882</i>. Latham, Maryland: University Press of America. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7618-3120-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7618-3120-4">978-0-7618-3120-4</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/238760185">OCLC 238760185</a></li> <li>Lee, Sang Oak and Duk-Soo Park. (1998). <i>Perspectives on Korea</i>. Honolulu: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Hawaii_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Hawaii Press">University of Hawaii Press</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9586526-6-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9586526-6-7">978-0-9586526-6-7</a>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40261047">40261047</a></li> <li>Palais, James B. (1995). <i>Confucian Statecraft and Korean Institutions: Yu Hyŏngwŏn and the late Chosŏn Dynasty</i>. Seattle: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Washington_Press" title="University of Washington Press">University of Washington Press</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-295-97455-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-295-97455-2">978-0-295-97455-2</a>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/214839971">214839971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Titsingh" title="Isaac Titsingh">Titsingh</a>, Isaac, ed. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/<a href="/wiki/Hayashi_Gah%C5%8D" title="Hayashi Gahō">Hayashi Gahō</a>, 1652], <i><a href="/wiki/Nipon_o_da%C3%AF_itsi_ran" class="mw-redirect" title="Nipon o daï itsi ran">Nipon o daï itsi ran</a>; ou, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&q=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran">Annales des empereurs du Japon.</a></i> Paris: <a href="/wiki/Royal_Asiatic_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Asiatic Society">Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/84067437?referer=di&ht=edition">OCLC 84067437</a></li> <li>Toby, Ronald P. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2hK7tczn2QoC&dq=State+and+Diplomacy+in+Early+Modern+Japan&pg=PP1"><i>State and Diplomacy in Early Modern Japan: Asia in the Development of the Tokugawa Bakufu.</i></a> Stanford: <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University_Press" title="Stanford University Press">Stanford University Press</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-1951-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-1951-3">978-0-8047-1951-3</a>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/25473164">25473164</a></li> <li>Walker, Brett L. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/609/1/V10N2Walker.pdf">"Foreign Affairs and Frontiers in Early Modern Japan: A Historiographical Essay"</a>, <i>Early Modern Japan</i>. Fall, 2002, pp. 44–62, 124–128.</li> <li>Walraven, Boudewijn and Remco E. Breuker. (2007). <i>Korea in the middle: Korean studies and area studies; Essays in Honour of Boudewijn Walraven</i>. Leiden: CNWS Publications. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-5789-153-0" title="Special:BookSources/90-5789-153-0">90-5789-153-0</a>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/181625480">181625480</a></li> <li>Wiwŏnhoe, Yunesŭkʻo Hanʼguk. (2004). <i>Korean History: Discovery of Its Characteristics and Developments</i>. Elizabeth, New Jersey: Hollym. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56591-177-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56591-177-2">978-1-56591-177-2</a>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/56107531">56107531</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKim2007" class="citation book cs1">Kim, In-gyeom (김인겸) (2007). <i>일동 장유가</i> [<i>Ildong Jangyuga</i>]. Bogosa(보고사). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8984335875" title="Special:BookSources/978-8984335875"><bdi>978-8984335875</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%EC%9D%BC%EB%8F%99+%EC%9E%A5%EC%9C%A0%EA%B0%80&rft.pub=Bogosa%28%EB%B3%B4%EA%B3%A0%EC%82%AC%29&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-8984335875&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=In-gyeom+%28%EA%B9%80%EC%9D%B8%EA%B2%B8%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoseon+missions+to+Japan" class="Z3988"></span> Travel <a href="/wiki/Gasa_(poetry)" title="Gasa (poetry)">poetry</a> written by an attendant of the Joseon mission to Japan.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tongsinsa.com/">Joseon Tongsinsa Cultural Exchange Association <span class="languageicon">(in Korean)</span></a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20121205064047/http://tongsinsa.com/japan/"><span class="languageicon">(in Japanese)</span></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alibrary.cau.ac.kr/Download.file?id=ef2af71f-6cae-417b-927d-d6e9de84d3ab">조선통신사연구 (<i>Journal of Studies in Joseon Tongsinsa</i>) <span class="languageicon">(in Korean)</span></a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged April 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></li> <li>UNESCO: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wdl.org/en/item/69/">Map of South and North Korea in Eight Province</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Japan&#124;link=Japan_Foreign_relations_of_Japan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Japan" title="Template:Foreign relations of Japan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_Japan" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of Japan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Japan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of Japan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Japan&#124;link=Japan_Foreign_relations_of_Japan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Japan" title="Foreign relations of Japan">Foreign relations of Japan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:70px;"><div id="Bilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bilateralism" title="Bilateralism">Bilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Algeria–Japan relations">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angola%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Angola–Japan relations">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Botswana–Japan relations">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Djibouti–Japan relations">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Egypt–Japan relations">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Ethiopia–Japan relations">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Kenya_relations" title="Japan–Kenya relations">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Mozambique_relations" title="Japan–Mozambique relations">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Namibia_relations" title="Japan–Namibia relations">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Nigeria_relations" title="Japan–Nigeria relations">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Somalia_relations" title="Japan–Somalia relations">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93South_Africa_relations" title="Japan–South Africa relations">South Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Argentina–Japan relations">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbados%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Barbados–Japan relations">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Bolivia–Japan relations">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Brazil–Japan relations">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Canada–Japan relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Chile–Japan relations">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Colombia–Japan relations">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Cuba–Japan relations">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuador%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Ecuador–Japan relations">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Japan–Mexico relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Paraguay_relations" title="Japan–Paraguay relations">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Peru_relations" title="Japan–Peru relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Trinidad_and_Tobago_relations" title="Japan–Trinidad and Tobago relations">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Japan–United States relations">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Uruguay_relations" title="Japan–Uruguay relations">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Japan–Venezuela relations">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Afghanistan–Japan relations">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Armenia–Japan relations">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Azerbaijan–Japan relations">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Bahrain–Japan relations">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Bangladesh–Japan relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutan%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Bhutan–Japan relations">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Brunei–Japan relations">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Cambodia–Japan relations">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="China–Japan relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timor%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="East Timor–Japan relations">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Georgia–Japan relations">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="India–Japan relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Indonesia–Japan relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Iran–Japan relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Israel–Japan relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Laos_relations" title="Japan–Laos relations">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Malaysia_relations" title="Japan–Malaysia relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Maldives_relations" title="Japan–Maldives relations">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Mongolia_relations" title="Japan–Mongolia relations">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="Japan–Myanmar relations">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Nepal_relations" title="Japan–Nepal relations">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Japan–North Korea relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Japan–Pakistan relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Palestine_relations" title="Japan–Palestine relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Philippines_relations" title="Japan–Philippines relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Qatar_relations" title="Japan–Qatar relations">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_relations" title="Japan–Saudi Arabia relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Singapore_relations" title="Japan–Singapore relations">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="Japan–South Korea relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Sri_Lanka_relations" title="Japan–Sri Lanka relations">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Japan–Taiwan relations">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Thailand_relations" title="Japan–Thailand relations">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Japan–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Japan–Vietnam relations">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Albania–Japan relations">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austria%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Austria–Japan relations">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Belgium–Japan relations">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Croatia–Japan relations">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Czech Republic–Japan relations">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Denmark–Japan relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Finland–Japan relations">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="France–Japan relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Germany–Japan relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Greece–Japan relations">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Hungary–Japan relations">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Holy See–Japan relations">Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceland%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Iceland–Japan relations">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ireland%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Ireland–Japan relations">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Italy–Japan relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Kosovo_relations" title="Japan–Kosovo relations">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Liechtenstein_relations" title="Japan–Liechtenstein relations">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Lithuania_relations" title="Japan–Lithuania relations">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Malta_relations" title="Japan–Malta relations">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Montenegro_relations" title="Japan–Montenegro relations">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Netherlands_relations" title="Japan–Netherlands relations">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Poland_relations" title="Japan–Poland relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Portugal_relations" title="Japan–Portugal relations">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Japan–Russia relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Serbia_relations" title="Japan–Serbia relations">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Spain_relations" title="Japan–Spain relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Sweden_relations" title="Japan–Sweden relations">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Japan–Ukraine relations">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Japan–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Australia–Japan relations">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiji%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Fiji–Japan relations">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93New_Zealand_relations" title="Japan–New Zealand relations">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Palau_relations" title="Japan–Palau relations">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Tonga_relations" title="Japan–Tonga relations">Tonga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan%E2%80%93Russian_Empire_relations" title="Empire of Japan–Russian Empire relations">Russian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Soviet_Union_relations" title="Japan–Soviet Union relations">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="Japan–Yugoslavia relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/60px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/90px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/120px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="990" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:70px;"><div id="Multilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Multilateralism" title="Multilateralism">Multilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_foreign_policy_on_Africa" title="Japanese foreign policy on Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Arab_League_relations" title="Japan–Arab League relations">Arab world</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Latin_America_relations" title="Japan–Latin America relations">Latin America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Oceania_relations" title="Japan–Oceania relations">Oceania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_foreign_policy_on_Southeast_Asia" title="Japanese foreign policy on Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Japan–European Union relations">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_and_the_United_Nations" title="Japan and the United Nations">United Nations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:70px;"><div id="Diplomatic_history" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Diplomatic history</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_missions_to_Imperial_China" title="Japanese missions to Imperial China">Missions to Imperial China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_seal_ships" title="Red seal ships">Red seal ships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanban_trade" title="Nanban trade">Nanban trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakoku" title="Sakoku">Sakoku</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Joseon missions to Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_missions_to_Joseon" title="Japanese missions to Joseon">Japanese missions to Joseon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_missions_to_Edo" title="Dutch missions to Edo">Dutch missions to Edo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryukyuan_missions_to_Edo" title="Ryukyuan missions to Edo">Ryukyuan missions to Edo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Meiji_Japan" title="Foreign relations of Meiji Japan">Foreign relations of Meiji Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_East_Asia_Co-Prosperity_Sphere" title="Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere">Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Japan%E2%80%93Korea_relations" title="History of Japan–Korea relations">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_China%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="History of China–Japan relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcos_Japanese_ODA_scandal" title="Marcos Japanese ODA scandal">Marcos scandals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:70px;"><div id="Territorial_disputes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Territorial disputes</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Joint_Development_Zone" title="Japan–Korea Joint Development Zone">Japan–Korea Joint Development Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuril_Islands_dispute" title="Kuril Islands dispute">Kuril Islands dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liancourt_Rocks_dispute" title="Liancourt Rocks dispute">Liancourt Rocks dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senkaku_Islands" title="Senkaku Islands">Senkaku Islands dispute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:70px;"><div id="Related_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related topics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Japan)">Minister for Foreign Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Japan" title="List of diplomatic missions of Japan">Diplomatic missions of Japan</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Japan" title="List of diplomatic missions in Japan">in Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_economic_cooperation_policy_of_Japan" title="International economic cooperation policy of Japan">Development assistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_International_Cooperation_Agency" title="Japan International Cooperation Agency">JICA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Overseas_Cooperation_Volunteers" title="Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteers">JOCV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_relations_of_Japan" title="Economic relations of Japan">Economic relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_External_Trade_Organization" title="Japan External Trade Organization">JETRO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Philippines_Economic_Partnership_Agreement" title="Japan–Philippines Economic Partnership Agreement">JPEPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Alliance_Leaders_Meeting" title="Pacific Alliance Leaders Meeting">Pacific Alliance Leaders Meeting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Joseon" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Joseon" title="Template:Joseon"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Joseon" title="Template talk:Joseon"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Joseon" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Joseon"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Joseon" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Joseon" title="Joseon">Joseon</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>Korean state (1392–1897)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Joseon_dynasty" title="History of the Joseon dynasty">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cei_Invasion" title="Ōei Invasion">Tsushima expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_invasions_of_Korea_(1592%E2%80%931598)" title="Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)">Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)</a></li> <li>Manchu invasions of Korea (<a href="/wiki/Later_Jin_invasion_of_Joseon" title="Later Jin invasion of Joseon">First</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qing_invasion_of_Joseon" title="Qing invasion of Joseon">Second</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/19th-century_peasant_rebellions_in_Korea" title="19th-century peasant rebellions in Korea">19th-century peasant rebellions in Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1876" title="Japan–Korea Treaty of 1876">Treaty of Ganghwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imo_Incident" title="Imo Incident">Imo Incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gapsin_Coup" title="Gapsin Coup">Gapsin Coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donghak_Peasant_Revolution" title="Donghak Peasant Revolution">Donghak Peasant Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabo_Reform" title="Gabo Reform">Gabo Reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Empress_Myeongseong" title="Assassination of Empress Myeongseong">Assassination of Empress Myeongseong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Empire" title="Korean Empire">Korean Empire</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Joseon_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_Arms_of_Joseon_Korea.svg/65px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Joseon_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="65" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_Arms_of_Joseon_Korea.svg/98px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Joseon_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_Arms_of_Joseon_Korea.svg/130px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Joseon_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="280" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Joseon_dynasty" title="Politics of the Joseon dynasty">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_factions_during_the_Joseon_dynasty" title="Political factions during the Joseon dynasty">Political factions during the Joseon dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_literati_purges" title="Korean literati purges">Korean literati purges</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_kings_of_Joseon" title="List of kings of Joseon">List of kings of Joseon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_Joseon" title="State Council of Joseon">State Council of Joseon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six_Ministries_of_Joseon" title="Six Ministries of Joseon">Six Ministries of Joseon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_offices_of_Joseon" title="Three offices of Joseon">Three offices of Joseon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_Defense_Council_of_Joseon" title="Border Defense Council of Joseon">Border Defense Council of Joseon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secret_royal_inspector" title="Secret royal inspector">Secret royal inspector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseon_Army" title="Joseon Army">Joseon Army</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseon_Army_(1881%E2%80%931897)" title="Joseon Army (1881–1897)">late 19th century</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseon_Navy" title="Joseon Navy">Joseon Navy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Society_in_the_Joseon_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Society in the Joseon dynasty">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Styles_and_titles_in_the_Joseon_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Styles and titles in the Joseon dynasty">Styles and titles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Confucianism" title="Neo-Confucianism">Neo-Confucianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caste_system_in_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Caste system in Korea">Caste system in Korea</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Seonbi" title="Seonbi">Seonbi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kisaeng" title="Kisaeng">Kisaeng</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Joseon" title="Education in Joseon">Education in Joseon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Grand_Palaces" class="mw-redirect" title="Five Grand Palaces">Five Grand Palaces</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hanbok" title="Hanbok">Hanbok</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangul" title="Hangul">Hangul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buncheong" title="Buncheong">Buncheong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseon_white_porcelain" title="Joseon white porcelain">Joseon white porcelain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_tea_ceremony" title="Korean tea ceremony">Korean tea ceremony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_garden" title="Korean garden">Korean garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sungkyunkwan" title="Sungkyunkwan">Sungkyunkwan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chaekgeori" title="Chaekgeori">Chaekgeori</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Minhwa" title="Minhwa">Minhwa</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cultural heritages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Changdeokgung" title="Changdeokgung">Changdeokgung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jongmyo_(Seoul)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jongmyo (Seoul)">Jongmyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namhansanseong" title="Namhansanseong">Namhansanseong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Tombs_of_the_Joseon_dynasty" title="Royal Tombs of the Joseon dynasty">Royal Tombs of the Joseon dynasty</a></li> <li>Villages of <a href="/wiki/Hahoe_Folk_Village" title="Hahoe Folk Village">Hahoe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yangdong_Folk_Village" title="Yangdong Folk Village">Yangdong</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Veritable_Records_of_the_Joseon_Dynasty" title="Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty">Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hunminjeongeum" title="Hunminjeongeum">Hunminjeongeum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ilseongnok" title="Ilseongnok">Ilseongnok</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nanjung_ilgi" title="Nanjung ilgi">Nanjung ilgi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Seungjeongwon_ilgi" title="Seungjeongwon ilgi">Seungjeongwon ilgi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Uigwe" title="Uigwe">Uigwe</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1883_Korean_special_mission_to_the_United_States" title="1883 Korean special mission to the United States">1883 Korean special mission to the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseon_missions_to_China" title="Joseon missions to China">Joseon missions to China</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Joseon missions to Japan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseon_Tongsinsa" title="Joseon Tongsinsa">Joseon Tongsinsa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&oldid=1251794848">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&oldid=1251794848</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Joseon" title="Category:Joseon">Joseon</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_the_foreign_relations_of_Japan" title="Category:History of the foreign relations of Japan">History of the foreign relations of Japan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Feudal_Japan" title="Category:Feudal Japan">Feudal Japan</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Japanese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Japanese-language text">Articles containing Japanese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_March_2012" title="Category:Use mdy dates from March 2012">Use mdy dates from March 2012</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_March_2024" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from March 2024">Articles with unsourced statements from March 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Korean-language_sources_(ko)" title="Category:Articles with Korean-language sources (ko)">Articles with Korean-language sources (ko)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Japanese-language_sources_(ja)" title="Category:Articles with Japanese-language sources (ja)">Articles with Japanese-language sources (ja)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_April_2017" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from April 2017">Articles with dead external links from April 2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 18 October 2024, at 03:30<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joseon_missions_to_Japan&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-cc877b49b-w2jgw","wgBackendResponseTime":206,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.964","walltime":"1.268","ppvisitednodes":{"value":6147,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":94067,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":4362,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":7,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":137300,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 959.484 1 -total"," 38.75% 371.832 1 Template:Reflist"," 14.49% 139.010 1 Template:Nihongo"," 13.28% 127.402 1 Template:Foreign_relations_of_Japan"," 12.99% 124.615 1 Template:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups"," 12.00% 115.130 3 Template:Cite_book"," 11.93% 114.474 13 Template:ISBN"," 8.84% 84.851 1 Template:Short_description"," 8.31% 79.760 20 Template:Catalog_lookup_link"," 6.47% 62.056 2 Template:Fix"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.455","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":24356314,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-688fc9465-8sr7g","timestamp":"20241125164319","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Joseon missions to Japan","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joseon_missions_to_Japan","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q15290174","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q15290174","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2009-09-10T16:51:09Z","dateModified":"2024-10-18T03:30:40Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/9f\/Chosenheireishi_yodojyo_chakuraizu.jpg","headline":"Korea to Japan diplomacy"}</script> </body> </html>