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<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">tactically</del> Hungarian victory</div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>|result=<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Tactically</ins> inconclusive; <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">strategical</ins> Hungarian victory</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>|combatant1={{Hungarian Revolution of 1848 participant|Hungary}}</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>|combatant1={{Hungarian Revolution of 1848 participant|Hungary}}</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>|combatant2={{Hungarian Revolution of 1848 participant|Austria}}</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>|combatant2={{Hungarian Revolution of 1848 participant|Austria}}</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>|commander1={{Hungarian Revolution of 1848 participant|Görgey}}<br />{{Hungarian Revolution of 1848 participant|Klapka}}<br />{{Hungarian Revolution of 1848 participant|Damjanich}}</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>|commander1={{Hungarian Revolution of 1848 participant|Görgey}}<br />{{Hungarian Revolution of 1848 participant|Klapka}}<br />{{Hungarian Revolution of 1848 participant|Damjanich}}</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>|commander2={{Hungarian Revolution of 1848 participant|Simunich}}<br />{{Hungarian Revolution of 1848 participant|Schlik}}</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>|commander2={{Hungarian Revolution of 1848 participant|Simunich}}<br />{{Hungarian Revolution of 1848 participant|Schlik}}</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>|strength1='''Total''': '''18,884'''<br /> - ''I. corps: 9,465''<br /> - ''III. corps: 9,419''<br /> - '' a part of VIII. corps: 4249<ref>Hermann Róbert: [http://mek.oszk.hu/09400/09477/html/0021/2184.html A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), pp. 1000-1001</ref><br /> 62 cannons<br />'''Did not participate''':<br /> VII. corps: 9,043 men<br /> 45 cannons<ref name="auto8">{{Harvnb|Hermann|2004|pp=252}}.</ref></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>|strength1='''Total''': '''18,884'''<br /> - ''I. corps: 9,465''<br /> - ''III. corps: 9,419''<br /> - '' a part of VIII. corps: 4249<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''</ins><ref>Hermann Róbert: [http://mek.oszk.hu/09400/09477/html/0021/2184.html A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), pp. 1000-1001</ref><br /> 62 cannons<br />'''Did not participate''':<br /> VII. corps: 9,043 men<br /> 45 cannons<ref name="auto8">{{Harvnb|Hermann|2004|pp=252}}.</ref></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>|strength2='''Total''': '''33,487'''<br /> - ''II. corps: 13,489''<br /> - ''III. corps: 12,088''<br /> - ''IV. (siege) corps Lederer division: 7910''<br /> 108 cannons<ref name="auto8"/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>|strength2='''Total''': '''33,487'''<br /> - ''II. corps: 13,489''<br /> - ''III. corps: 12,088''<br /> - ''IV. (siege) corps Lederer division: 7910''<br /> 108 cannons<ref name="auto8"/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>|casualties1='''Total''': 800 </div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>|casualties1='''Total''': 800 </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 23:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 23:</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>==Background==</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>==Background==</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>The main purpose of the 1849 Hungarian Spring Campaign led by Artúr Görgei was to push the Habsburg main armies out of Hungary towards Vienna. The first phase of the Spring Campaign was successful, and the Hungarian victory at [[Battle of Isaszeg (1849)|Isaszeg]]<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2001|p=270}}.</ref> (6 April 1849), forced the imperial forces to retreat from the territory east of the Hungarian capitals [[Pest, Hungary<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>|Pest]] and Buda. On 7 April 1849 the Hungarian commanders elaborated another plan for the second phase of the campaign. According to this the Hungarian army was to split: General [[Lajos Aulich]] remained in front of Pest with his Hungarian II [[Corps]] and Colonel Lajos Asbóth's [[Division (military)<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>|division]], demonstrating to make the imperials believe that the whole Hungarian army was there; thus diverting their attention from the north, where the real Hungarian attack was to start with I, III and VII Corps moving west along the northern bank of the [[Danube]] to Komárom, to relieve it from the imperial siege.<ref name="auto6">{{Harvnb|Hermann|2001|p=282}}.</ref> [[György Kmety|<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>Kmety]]'s division of VII Corps was to cover the three corps's march, and after I and III Corps had occupied Vác, that division was to secure the town, while the rest of the troops together with the two remaining divisions of VII Corps were to advance to the [[Hron|<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>Garam]] river, then head south to relieve the northern section of the Austrian siege of the fortress of Komárom.<ref name="auto6"/> After this, they had to cross the Danube and relieve the southern section of the siege. In the event that all this was completed successfully, the imperials would have only two choices: to retreat from Middle Hungary towards Vienna, or to face encirclement in the Hungarian capitals.<ref name="auto6"/> This plan was very risky (as was the first plan of the Spring Campaign too) because if [[Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz]] had discovered that only one Hungarian corps remained in front of Pest, he could have attacked and destroyed Aulich's force, and thereby could easily cut the lines of communication of the main Hungarian army, and even occupy [[Debrecen]], the seat of the Hungarian Revolutionary Parliament and the National Defense Committee (interim government of Hungary); or he could encircle the three corps advancing to relieve Komárom.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2001|p= 282}}.</ref> To secure the success of the Hungarian army, the National Defense Committee sent 100 wagons of munitions from Debrecen.<ref name="auto9"/> In the [[First Battle of Vác (1849)|Battle of Vác]] on 10 April the Hungarian III Corps, led by [[János Damjanich]] defeated Ramberg's [[Division (military)<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>|division]] led by Major General Christian Götz, who was mortally wounded.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2004|pp= 233–236}}.</ref> </div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>The main purpose of the 1849 Hungarian Spring Campaign led by Artúr Görgei was to push the Habsburg main armies out of Hungary towards Vienna. The first phase of the Spring Campaign was successful, and the Hungarian victory at [[Battle of Isaszeg (1849)|Isaszeg]]<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2001|p=270}}.</ref> (6 April 1849), forced the imperial forces to retreat from the territory east of the Hungarian capitals [[Pest, Hungary|Pest]] and Buda. On 7 April 1849 the Hungarian commanders elaborated another plan for the second phase of the campaign. According to this the Hungarian army was to split: General [[Lajos Aulich]] remained in front of Pest with his Hungarian II [[Corps]] and Colonel Lajos Asbóth's [[Division (military)|division]], demonstrating to make the imperials believe that the whole Hungarian army was there; thus diverting their attention from the north, where the real Hungarian attack was to start with I, III and VII Corps moving west along the northern bank of the [[Danube]] to Komárom, to relieve it from the imperial siege.<ref name="auto6">{{Harvnb|Hermann|2001|p=282}}.</ref> [[György Kmety|Kmety]]'s division of VII Corps was to cover the three corps's march, and after I and III Corps had occupied Vác, that division was to secure the town, while the rest of the troops together with the two remaining divisions of VII Corps were to advance to the [[Hron|Garam]] river, then head south to relieve the northern section of the Austrian siege of the fortress of Komárom.<ref name="auto6"/> After this, they had to cross the Danube and relieve the southern section of the siege. In the event that all this was completed successfully, the imperials would have only two choices: to retreat from Middle Hungary towards Vienna, or to face encirclement in the Hungarian capitals.<ref name="auto6"/> This plan was very risky (as was the first plan of the Spring Campaign too) because if [[Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz]] had discovered that only one Hungarian corps remained in front of Pest, he could have attacked and destroyed Aulich's force, and thereby could easily cut the lines of communication of the main Hungarian army, and even occupy [[Debrecen]], the seat of the Hungarian Revolutionary Parliament and the National Defense Committee (interim government of Hungary); or he could encircle the three corps advancing to relieve Komárom.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2001|p= 282}}.</ref> To secure the success of the Hungarian army, the National Defense Committee sent 100 wagons of munitions from Debrecen.<ref name="auto9"/> In the [[First Battle of Vác (1849)|Battle of Vác]] on 10 April the Hungarian III Corps, led by [[János Damjanich]] defeated Ramberg's [[Division (military)|division]] led by Major General Christian Götz, who was mortally wounded.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2004|pp= 233–236}}.</ref> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>[[File:Balthasar von Simunich 1857.png|thumb|left|Balthasar von Simunich 1857]]</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>[[File:Balthasar von Simunich 1857.png|thumb|left|Balthasar von Simunich 1857]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>Even after this battle, the imperial high command led by Field Marshal [[Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz]] was unsure whether the main Hungarian army was still in front of Pest or had already moved north to relieve Komárom. They still thought it possible that it was only a subsidiary formation that had attacked Vác and was moving towards the besieged Hungarian fortress.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2004|p=235}}.</ref> When Windisch-Grätz finally seemed to grasp what was really happening, he wanted to make a powerful attack against the Hungarians at Pest on 14 April, then to cross the Danube at [[Esztergom]], and cut across the path of the army which was marching towards Komárom, but his corps commanders, General [[Franz Schlik]] and [[Lieutenant Field Marshal]] [[Josip Jelačić]] refused to obey his commands, so his plan, which could have caused serious problems for the Hungarian armies, was not realized.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2001|p=284}}.</ref></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>Even after this battle, the imperial high command led by Field Marshal [[Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz]] was unsure whether the main Hungarian army was still in front of Pest or had already moved north to relieve Komárom. They still thought it possible that it was only a subsidiary formation that had attacked Vác and was moving towards the besieged Hungarian fortress.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2004|p=235}}.</ref> When Windisch-Grätz finally seemed to grasp what was really happening, he wanted to make a powerful attack against the Hungarians at Pest on 14 April, then to cross the Danube at [[Esztergom]], and cut across the path of the army which was marching towards Komárom, but his corps commanders, General [[Franz Schlik]] and [[Lieutenant Field Marshal]] [[Josip Jelačić]] refused to obey his commands, so his plan, which could have caused serious problems for the Hungarian armies, was not realized.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2001|p=284}}.</ref></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 30:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 30:</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>Because of his series of defeats at the hands of the Hungarians from the start of the Spring Campaign, on 12 April emperor [[Franz Joseph I of Austria]] relieved Windisch-Grätz of his command. [[Feldzeugmeister]] [[Ludwig von Welden]], the former military governor of Vienna, was designated commander-in-chief in his place, but until Welden arrived, Windisch-Grätz had to hand over to Lieutenant Field Marshal Josip Jelačić as interim commander of the imperial armies in Hungary.<ref name="auto12">{{Harvnb|Hermann|2001|p=285}}.</ref> But this change in the [[leadership]] of the imperial forces did not bring lucidity and organization to the imperial high command, because the first order Jelačić gave after his interim command began was to call off Windisch-Grätz's plan of concentrating the imperial armies around Esztergom, and to end any chance of carrying out this by no means bad plan.<ref name="auto12"/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>Because of his series of defeats at the hands of the Hungarians from the start of the Spring Campaign, on 12 April emperor [[Franz Joseph I of Austria]] relieved Windisch-Grätz of his command. [[Feldzeugmeister]] [[Ludwig von Welden]], the former military governor of Vienna, was designated commander-in-chief in his place, but until Welden arrived, Windisch-Grätz had to hand over to Lieutenant Field Marshal Josip Jelačić as interim commander of the imperial armies in Hungary.<ref name="auto12">{{Harvnb|Hermann|2001|p=285}}.</ref> But this change in the [[leadership]] of the imperial forces did not bring lucidity and organization to the imperial high command, because the first order Jelačić gave after his interim command began was to call off Windisch-Grätz's plan of concentrating the imperial armies around Esztergom, and to end any chance of carrying out this by no means bad plan.<ref name="auto12"/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>[[File:Franz Schlik.JPG|thumb|left|Franz Schlik]]</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>[[File:Franz Schlik.JPG|thumb|left|Franz Schlik]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>Görgey, who had installed his headquarters in Győr after the battle there, ordered Damjanich's III Corps to advance towards [[Levice<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>|Léva]] on 11 April, and Klapka's I Corps on the 12th. Their place in Vác was taken by VII Corps under András Gáspár, then after that too departed on the same way, Vác was occupied by György Kmety's division.<ref>{{Harvnb|Pusztaszeri|1984|p= 290}}.</ref> On 15–17 April the Hungarian army consisting of Klapka's I Corps, Damjanich's III Corps, and two divisions of VII Corps reached the Garam river, under the overall leadership of General Artúr Görgei.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2001|p= 287}}.</ref> Here, on 19 April, at [[Battle of Nagysalló|<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>Nagysalló]], they met with the troops of [[Lieutenant General]] [[Ludwig von Wohlgemuth]] and his new imperial troops mustered from the following Habsburg hereditary lands: [[Styria]], [[Bohemia]], [[Moravia]] and the capital [[Vienna]], and reinforced with Jablonowski's division (which had fought in the Battle of Vác 10 days earlier). The imperials were defeated and retreated towards [[Nové Zámky|<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>Érsekújvár]].<ref name="auto1">{{Harvnb|Hermann|2004|p=243}}.</ref> The Hungarian victory of Nagysalló brought about serious results. It opened the way towards Komárom, bringing its relief to within just a couple of days’ march.<ref name="auto1"/> At the same time it put the imperials in the situation of being incapable of stretching their troops across the very large front which this Hungarian victory created, so instead of uniting their troops around Pest and Buda, as they had planned, Feldzeugmeister Welden had to order the retreat from Pest which was in danger of being caught in the Hungarian pincers.<ref name="auto1"/> When he learned about the defeat on the morning of 20 April, he wrote to Lieutenant General Balthasar Simunich, the commander of the forces besieging Komárom, and to [[Prince Felix of Schwarzenberg]], the [[Minister-President of the Austrian Empire]], telling them that in order to secure [[Vienna]] and [[Bratislava|Pozsony]] from a Hungarian attack he was forced to withdraw the imperial forces from Pest and even from Komárom.<ref>{{Harvnb|Pusztaszeri|1984|pp=300–301}}.</ref> He also wrote that the morale of the imperial troops was very low, and because of this they could not fight another battle for a while without suffering another defeat.<ref>{{Harvnb|Pusztaszeri|1984|p= 301}}.</ref> So the next day he ordered the evacuation of Pest, leaving a substantial garrison in the fortress of Buda to defend it against Hungarian attack. He ordered Jelačić to remain for a while in Pest, and then to retreat towards [[Osijek<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>|Eszék]] in [[Bačka|<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>Bácska]], where the Serbian insurgents, allied with the Austrians, were in a grave situation after the victories of the Hungarian armies led by [[Mór Perczel]] and [[Józef Bem]].<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2001|p=291}}.</div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>Görgey, who had installed his headquarters in Győr after the battle there, ordered Damjanich's III Corps to advance towards [[Levice|Léva]] on 11 April, and Klapka's I Corps on the 12th. Their place in Vác was taken by VII Corps under András Gáspár, then after that too departed on the same way, Vác was occupied by György Kmety's division.<ref>{{Harvnb|Pusztaszeri|1984|p= 290}}.</ref> On 15–17 April the Hungarian army consisting of Klapka's I Corps, Damjanich's III Corps, and two divisions of VII Corps reached the Garam river, under the overall leadership of General Artúr Görgei.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2001|p= 287}}.</ref> Here, on 19 April, at [[Battle of Nagysalló|Nagysalló]], they met with the troops of [[Lieutenant General]] [[Ludwig von Wohlgemuth]] and his new imperial troops mustered from the following Habsburg hereditary lands: [[Styria]], [[Bohemia]], [[Moravia]] and the capital [[Vienna]], and reinforced with Jablonowski's division (which had fought in the Battle of Vác 10 days earlier). The imperials were defeated and retreated towards [[Nové Zámky|Érsekújvár]].<ref name="auto1">{{Harvnb|Hermann|2004|p=243}}.</ref> The Hungarian victory of Nagysalló brought about serious results. It opened the way towards Komárom, bringing its relief to within just a couple of days’ march.<ref name="auto1"/> At the same time it put the imperials in the situation of being incapable of stretching their troops across the very large front which this Hungarian victory created, so instead of uniting their troops around Pest and Buda, as they had planned, Feldzeugmeister Welden had to order the retreat from Pest which was in danger of being caught in the Hungarian pincers.<ref name="auto1"/> When he learned about the defeat on the morning of 20 April, he wrote to Lieutenant General Balthasar Simunich, the commander of the forces besieging Komárom, and to [[Prince Felix of Schwarzenberg]], the [[Minister-President of the Austrian Empire]], telling them that in order to secure [[Vienna]] and [[Bratislava|Pozsony]] from a Hungarian attack he was forced to withdraw the imperial forces from Pest and even from Komárom.<ref>{{Harvnb|Pusztaszeri|1984|pp=300–301}}.</ref> He also wrote that the morale of the imperial troops was very low, and because of this they could not fight another battle for a while without suffering another defeat.<ref>{{Harvnb|Pusztaszeri|1984|p= 301}}.</ref> So the next day he ordered the evacuation of Pest, leaving a substantial garrison in the fortress of Buda to defend it against Hungarian attack. He ordered Jelačić to remain for a while in Pest, and then to retreat towards [[Osijek|Eszék]] in [[Bačka|Bácska]], where the Serbian insurgents, allied with the Austrians, were in a grave situation after the victories of the Hungarian armies led by [[Mór Perczel]] and [[Józef Bem]].<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2001|p=291}}.</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div></ref></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div></ref></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>==Prelude==</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>==Prelude==</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>On 20 April the Hungarian VII Corps reached Nagybénye, then [[Kamenín|Kéménd]], where it encountered a brigade of the Imperial II Corps led by [[Major General]] Franz Wyss coming from [[Štúrovo|Párkány]]. The Austrians were forced to cross the Danube and retreat to Esztergom, but [[General]] [[András Gáspár (general)|András Gáspár]] did not send his cavalry to pursue the enemy, [[File:Komárom, kirohanás a várból 1849 ápr 24.jpg|thumb|The sortie of the Hungarian hussars from Komárom, and breaking of the Austrian imperial siege around the fortress at 22<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">.04.</del>1849]] even though he had the chance to cause them heavy losses<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2001|pp=289}}.</ref></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>On 20 April the Hungarian VII Corps reached Nagybénye, then [[Kamenín|Kéménd]], where it encountered a brigade of the Imperial II Corps led by [[Major General]] Franz Wyss coming from [[Štúrovo|Párkány]]. The Austrians were forced to cross the Danube and retreat to Esztergom, but [[General]] [[András Gáspár (general)|András Gáspár]] did not send his cavalry to pursue the enemy, [[File:Komárom, kirohanás a várból 1849 ápr 24.jpg|thumb|The sortie of the Hungarian hussars from Komárom, and breaking of the Austrian imperial siege around the fortress at 22<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> April </ins>1849]] even though he had the chance to cause them heavy losses.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2001|pp=289}}.</ref></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>[[File:Friedrich Hohe, Szerelmey Miklósː Hungarian camp in April 1849 in front of Komárom. In the middle on a white horse is György Klapka, in the left side on a black horse is János Damjanich.jpg|thumb|left|upright=1.4|Szeremley Miklósː Hungarian camp at Komárom after 20 April 1849. In the middle on a white horse is György Klapka, at left on a black horse is János Damjanich]]</div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>[[File:Friedrich Hohe, Szerelmey Miklósː Hungarian camp in April 1849 in front of Komárom. In the middle on a white horse is György Klapka, in the left side on a black horse is János Damjanich.jpg|thumb|left|upright=1.4|Szeremley Miklósː Hungarian camp at Komárom after 20 April 1849. In the middle on a white horse is György Klapka, at left on a black horse is János Damjanich<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">.</ins>]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>On 20 April, the Hungarian I and III Corps started their march towards Komárom.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2001|pp=290}}.</ref> On 22 April, the two Hungarian corps reached Komárom, breaking the northern section of the imperial blockade around the fortress.<ref name="auto15">{{Harvnb|Hermann|2001|pp=291}}.</ref> On the same day, the garrison of Komárom broke out from the Nádor defense line against Sossay's brigade on the [[Csallóköz]], forcing the imperials to retreat to [[Csallóközaranyos]], then to [[Topoľníky|Nyárasd]].<ref name="auto15"/> The imperials lost 50 men and 30 horses,<ref name="auto15"/> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">loosing</del> also the connection with the Austrian siege corps from the right bank of the Danube, as the result of the fact that the Hungarian sortie troops, under the command of General [[János Lenkey]], destroyed the bridge from Lovad across the Danube.<ref name="Bánlaky">Bánlaky József: A magyar nemzet hadtörténete XXI, [http://mek.oszk.hu/09400/09477/html/0021/2190.html A komáromi csata (1849. április 26-án)] Arcanum Adatbázis Kft. 2001</ref> Hearing that Lieutenant General Wohlgemuth, who had retreated west of the river [[Váh|Vág]], after his defeat at Nagysalló, was now advancing east again towards Érsekújvár, Görgei ordered the newly arrived VII Corps to deploy at [[Perbete]], to secure the rear of the Hungarian army against possible attack.<ref name="auto15"/> The rest of the Hungarian corps were waiting the raft bridge over the Danube to be finished, which after intense work, was finished in the night of 25 to 26 April.<ref name="Bánlaky"/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>On 20 April, the Hungarian I and III Corps started their march towards Komárom.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2001|pp=290}}.</ref> On 22 April, the two Hungarian corps reached Komárom, breaking the northern section of the imperial blockade around the fortress.<ref name="auto15">{{Harvnb|Hermann|2001|pp=291}}.</ref> On the same day, the garrison of Komárom broke out from the Nádor defense line against Sossay's brigade on the [[Csallóköz]], forcing the imperials to retreat to [[Csallóközaranyos]], then to [[Topoľníky|Nyárasd]].<ref name="auto15"/> The imperials lost 50 men and 30 horses,<ref name="auto15"/> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">losing</ins> also the connection with the Austrian siege corps from the right bank of the Danube, as the result of the fact that the Hungarian sortie troops, under the command of General [[János Lenkey]], destroyed the bridge from Lovad across the Danube.<ref name="Bánlaky">Bánlaky József: A magyar nemzet hadtörténete XXI, [http://mek.oszk.hu/09400/09477/html/0021/2190.html A komáromi csata (1849. április 26-án)] Arcanum Adatbázis Kft. 2001</ref> Hearing that Lieutenant General Wohlgemuth, who had retreated west of the river [[Váh|Vág]], after his defeat at Nagysalló, was now advancing east again towards Érsekújvár, Görgei ordered the newly arrived VII Corps to deploy at [[Perbete]], to secure the rear of the Hungarian army against possible attack.<ref name="auto15"/> The rest of the Hungarian corps were waiting the raft bridge over the Danube to be finished, which after intense work, was finished in the night of 25 to 26 April.<ref name="Bánlaky"/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>The Hungarian [[chief of staff]] Colonel József Bayer was designed to elaborate the battle plan for the liberation of Komárom, but, because he was against this maneuver, called in sick, so General György Klapka assumed this responsibility.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> According to this, five brigades were to cross the Danube during the night of 25/26 April: Kiss's and Kökényessy's brigades were to cross on the raft bridge constructed in haste to replace the pontoon bridge destroyed by the Imperials, and to deploy in the bridgehead to the right of the so-called <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">cross</del> rampart; then they were to be followed by Sulcz's and Zákó's brigades of I Corps deploying on their right, occupying the redoubts on the right wing of the fortress; and Dipold's brigade was to cross before midnight on boats and prepare to attack towards Újszőny. The attack was to be started by Colonel Pál Kiss's brigade against the Monostor fortress, also known as the Sandberg, with Kökényessy's brigade in support.<ref name="auto">{{Harvnb|Pusztaszeri|1984|pp=330}}.</ref> Lieutenant-Colonel Bódog Bátori Sulcz's brigade was to attack and take Újszőny. Then all these brigades were to attack the open ground beyond the Monostor, while a strong detachment sent across the river from the Danube island by Major General Richard Guyon was to attack the Imperials in the rear.[31] With this plan Görgei hoped to occupy all the Austrian siege fortifications and the surrounding heights, and after the arrival of the remaining infantry units, cavalry and artillery of I and III Corps, then to start a general attack supported by VII Corps, and to push the Imperials towards Győr, while VII Corps was to remain in reserve.<ref name="auto"/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>The Hungarian [[chief of staff]] Colonel József Bayer was designed to elaborate the battle plan for the liberation of Komárom, but, because he was against this maneuver, called in sick, so General György Klapka assumed this responsibility.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> According to this, five brigades were to cross the Danube during the night of 25/26 April: Kiss's and Kökényessy's brigades were to cross on the raft bridge constructed in haste to replace the pontoon bridge destroyed by the Imperials, and to deploy in the bridgehead to the right of the so-called <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Star</ins> rampart<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> (Csillagsánc)</ins>; then they were to be followed by Sulcz's and Zákó's brigades of I Corps deploying on their right, occupying the redoubts on the right wing of the fortress; and Dipold's brigade was to cross before midnight on boats and prepare to attack towards Újszőny. The attack was to be started by Colonel Pál Kiss's brigade against the Monostor fortress, also known as the Sandberg, with Kökényessy's brigade in support.<ref name="auto">{{Harvnb|Pusztaszeri|1984|pp=330}}.</ref> Lieutenant-Colonel Bódog Bátori Sulcz's brigade was to attack and take Újszőny. Then all these brigades were to attack the open ground beyond the Monostor, while a strong detachment sent across the river from the Danube island by Major General Richard Guyon was to attack the Imperials in the rear.[31] With this plan Görgei hoped to occupy all the Austrian siege fortifications and the surrounding heights, and after the arrival of the remaining infantry units, cavalry and artillery of I and III Corps, then to start a general attack supported by VII Corps, and to push the Imperials towards Győr, while VII Corps was to remain in reserve.<ref name="auto"/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>[[File:Komárom.jpg|thumb|left|The location of the First Battle of Komárom (26 April 1849) on the Second Military Survey of Austro-Hungary (1806–1869)]]</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>[[File:Komárom.jpg|thumb|left|The location of the First Battle of Komárom (26 April 1849) on the Second Military Survey of Austro-Hungary (1806–1869)]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 49:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 49:</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>'''Left wing'''<br/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>'''Left wing'''<br/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>''Major General György Klapka''<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>''Major General György Klapka''</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>I. corps;<br/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>I. corps;<br/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>1. division;{{efn|The division here has no leader, because its commander, Colonel [[Károly Knezić]] led the rest of the division on the center.}}<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>1. division;{{efn|The division here has no leader, because its commander, Colonel [[Károly Knezić]] led the rest of the division on the center.}}</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>* Dipold brigade: 6. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 782 soldiers), 26. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 668 soldiers), 52. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 645 soldiers), 6. six-pounder cavalry battery (160 soldiers, 120 horses, 8 cannons) = 2255 soldiers, 120 horses, 8 cannons;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>* Dipold brigade: 6. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 782 soldiers), 26. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 668 soldiers), 52. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 645 soldiers), 6. six-pounder cavalry battery (160 soldiers, 120 horses, 8 cannons) = 2255 soldiers, 120 horses, 8 cannons;</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>* Bobich brigade: 28. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 820 soldiers), 44. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 930 soldiers), 47. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 840 soldiers), 1. six-pounder cavalry battery (64 soldiers, 107 horses, 8 cannons) = 2654 soldiers, 107 horses, 8 cannons;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>* Bobich brigade: 28. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 820 soldiers), 44. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 930 soldiers), 47. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 840 soldiers), 1. six-pounder cavalry battery (64 soldiers, 107 horses, 8 cannons) = 2654 soldiers, 107 horses, 8 cannons;</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>2. division;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>2. division;</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>* Artillery of the division: 1/2 twelve-pounder battery (87 soldiers, 60 horses, 4 cannons), 4. six-pounder infantry battery (74 soldiers, 108 horses, 8 cannons) = 161 soldiers, 168 horses, 12 cannons;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>* Artillery of the division: 1/2 twelve-pounder battery (87 soldiers, 60 horses, 4 cannons), 4. six-pounder infantry battery (74 soldiers, 108 horses, 8 cannons) = 161 soldiers, 168 horses, 12 cannons;</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>* Cavalry led by Major General [[József Nagysándor]]: Colonel and 1. Major class of the 8. (Coburg) Hussar Regiment (4 companies: 442 soldiers, 442 horses).<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>* Cavalry led by Major General [[József Nagysándor]]: Colonel and 1. Major class of the 8. (Coburg) Hussar Regiment (4 companies: 442 soldiers, 442 horses).</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>III. corps<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>III. corps</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>* Cavalry: 2 (Hannover) Hussar Regiment (4 companies: 440 soldiers, 440 horses), 3 (Ferdinand d'Este) Hussar Regiment (3 companies: 352 soldiers, 352 horses), Polish [[uhlan]]s (1 company: 82 soldiers, 82 horses), 3. six-pounder cavalry battery (123 soldiers, 96 horses, 6 cannons) = 1399 soldiers, 1372 horses, 6 cannons;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>* Cavalry: 2 (Hannover) Hussar Regiment (4 companies: 440 soldiers, 440 horses), 3 (Ferdinand d'Este) Hussar Regiment (3 companies: 352 soldiers, 352 horses), Polish [[uhlan]]s (1 company: 82 soldiers, 82 horses), 3. six-pounder cavalry battery (123 soldiers, 96 horses, 6 cannons) = 1399 soldiers, 1372 horses, 6 cannons;</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>'''Center'''<br/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>'''Center'''<br/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>''Major General János Damjanich''<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>''Major General János Damjanich''</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>I. corps;<br/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>I. corps;<br/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>2. Kazinczy division;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>2. Kazinczy division;</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>* Bátori-Sulcz brigade: 19. Honvéd battalion (4 companies: 226 soldiers), [[sapper]]s (2 companies: 206 soldiers) = 432 soldiers;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>* Bátori-Sulcz brigade: 19. Honvéd battalion (4 companies: 226 soldiers), [[sapper]]s (2 companies: 206 soldiers) = 432 soldiers;</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>* Zákó brigade: 34. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 790 soldiers);<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>* Zákó brigade: 34. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 790 soldiers);</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>III. corps;<br/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>III. corps;<br/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>1. (Knezić) division;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>1. (Knezić) division;</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>* Kiss brigade: 9. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 738 soldiers), 1. battalion of the 34. (Prince of Prussia) infantry regiment (4 companies: 401 soldiers), 3. battalion of the 34. (Prince of Prussia) infantry regiment (6 companies: 636 soldiers), 5. six-pounder cavalry battery (153 soldiers, 117 horses, 8 cannons) = 1928 soldiers, 117 horses, 8 cannons;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>* Kiss brigade: 9. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 738 soldiers), 1. battalion of the 34. (Prince of Prussia) infantry regiment (4 companies: 401 soldiers), 3. battalion of the 34. (Prince of Prussia) infantry regiment (6 companies: 636 soldiers), 5. six-pounder cavalry battery (153 soldiers, 117 horses, 8 cannons) = 1928 soldiers, 117 horses, 8 cannons;</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>* Kökényesi brigade: 3. battalion of the 52. (Franz Karl) infantry regiment (6 companies: 795 soldiers), 65. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 837 soldiers), Selmec jägers (1 company: 93 soldiers), sappers (4 companies: 376 soldiers),1/2 [[Congreve rocket]] battery (36 soldiers, 12 horses, 2 rocket launching racks) = 2137 soldiers, 12 horses, 2 rocket launching racks;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>* Kökényesi brigade: 3. battalion of the 52. (Franz Karl) infantry regiment (6 companies: 795 soldiers), 65. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 837 soldiers), Selmec jägers (1 company: 93 soldiers), sappers (4 companies: 376 soldiers),1/2 [[Congreve rocket]] battery (36 soldiers, 12 horses, 2 rocket launching racks) = 2137 soldiers, 12 horses, 2 rocket launching racks;</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>2. (Wysocki) division;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>2. (Wysocki) division;</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>* Czillich brigade: 3. battalion of the 60. (Wasa) infantry regiment (6 companies: 701 soldiers), 42. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 649 soldiers), Polish Legion (6 companies: 510 soldiers), 4. six-pounder infantry battery (151 soldiers, 108 horses, 8 cannons) = 2011 soldiers, 108 horses, 8 cannons;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>* Czillich brigade: 3. battalion of the 60. (Wasa) infantry regiment (6 companies: 701 soldiers), 42. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 649 soldiers), Polish Legion (6 companies: 510 soldiers), 4. six-pounder infantry battery (151 soldiers, 108 horses, 8 cannons) = 2011 soldiers, 108 horses, 8 cannons;</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>* Leiningen brigade: 3. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 865 soldiers), 19. battalion of the 60. (Schwarzenberg) infantry regiment (6 companies: 651 soldiers), 7. six-pounder infantry battery (118 soldiers, 73 horses, 6 cannons) = 1634 soldiers, 73 horses, 6 cannons;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>* Leiningen brigade: 3. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 865 soldiers), 19. battalion of the 60. (Schwarzenberg) infantry regiment (6 companies: 651 soldiers), 7. six-pounder infantry battery (118 soldiers, 73 horses, 6 cannons) = 1634 soldiers, 73 horses, 6 cannons;</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>Detached units of the VIII. corps<br/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>Detached units of the VIII. corps<br/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>Major General [[Richard Guyon]]: 64. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 1022 soldiers), 57. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 1208 soldiers) = 2230 soldiers;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>Major General [[Richard Guyon]]: 64. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 1022 soldiers), 57. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 1208 soldiers) = 2230 soldiers;</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>'''Right wing'''<br/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>'''Right wing'''<br/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>''Major General Artúr Görgei''<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>''Major General Artúr Görgei''</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>I. corps;<br/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>I. corps;<br/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>2. Kazinczy division;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>2. Kazinczy division;</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>* Bátori-Sulcz brigade: 17. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 844 soldiers), [[sapper]]s (2 companies: 206 soldiers), 3. battalion of the 39. infantry regiment (6 companies: 580 soldiers), 1. twelve-pounder 1/2 battery (87 soldiers, 60 horses, 4 cannons) = 1511 soldiers, 60 horses, 4 cannons;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>* Bátori-Sulcz brigade: 17. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 844 soldiers), [[sapper]]s (2 companies: 206 soldiers), 3. battalion of the 39. infantry regiment (6 companies: 580 soldiers), 1. twelve-pounder 1/2 battery (87 soldiers, 60 horses, 4 cannons) = 1511 soldiers, 60 horses, 4 cannons;</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>* Cavalry: 1 (Imperial) Hussar Regiment (8 companies: 840 soldiers, 840 horses), unknown Hussar Regiment (1/2 companies: ? soldiers, ? horses), Polish [[uhlan]]s (1 company: 82 soldiers, 82 horses), unknown half battery from the I. corps (? soldiers, ? horses, 3-4 cannons) = 2351+? soldiers, 900+? horses, 7-8 cannons;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>* Cavalry: 1 (Imperial) Hussar Regiment (8 companies: 840 soldiers, 840 horses), unknown Hussar Regiment (1/2 companies: ? soldiers, ? horses), Polish [[uhlan]]s (1 company: 82 soldiers, 82 horses), unknown half battery from the I. corps (? soldiers, ? horses, 3-4 cannons) = 2351+? soldiers, 900+? horses, 7-8 cannons;</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>Detached units of the VIII. corps<br/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>Detached units of the VIII. corps<br/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>Major General [[Richard Guyon]]: 70. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 1045 soldiers), 71. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 974 soldiers) = 2019 soldiers;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>Major General [[Richard Guyon]]: 70. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 1045 soldiers), 71. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 974 soldiers) = 2019 soldiers;</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>'''Units of unknown dislocation'''<br/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>'''Units of unknown dislocation'''<br/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>Cavalry of the I. corps: 13 (Hunyadi) Hussar Regiment (2 companies: 212 soldiers, 212 horses), 14 (Lehel) Hussar Regiment (2 companies: 168 soldiers, 168 horses) = 280 soldiers, 380 horses;<br/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>Cavalry of the I. corps: 13 (Hunyadi) Hussar Regiment (2 companies: 212 soldiers, 212 horses), 14 (Lehel) Hussar Regiment (2 companies: 168 soldiers, 168 horses) = 280 soldiers, 380 horses;<br/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>Cavalry of the III. corps: 2 (Hannover) Hussar Regiment (4 companies: 400 soldiers, 400 horses), 3 (Ferdinand d'Este) Hussar Regiment (1 company: 117 soldiers, 117 horses) = 517 soldiers, 517 horses;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>Cavalry of the III. corps: 2 (Hannover) Hussar Regiment (4 companies: 400 soldiers, 400 horses), 3 (Ferdinand d'Este) Hussar Regiment (1 company: 117 soldiers, 117 horses) = 517 soldiers, 517 horses;</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>''Disposition'':<br/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>''Disposition'':<br/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 96:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 96:</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>''Center'': 75 infantry companies, 24 cannons = 11162 soldiers, 310 horses for wagon or cannon traction, 24 cannons;<br/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>''Center'': 75 infantry companies, 24 cannons = 11162 soldiers, 310 horses for wagon or cannon traction, 24 cannons;<br/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>''Right flank'': 24 infantry companies, 8 1/2 cavalry companies, 8 cannons = 4370+? soldiers, 840+? horses with saddles, 60 horses for wagon or cannon traction, 8 cannons;<br/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>''Right flank'': 24 infantry companies, 8 1/2 cavalry companies, 8 cannons = 4370+? soldiers, 840+? horses with saddles, 60 horses for wagon or cannon traction, 8 cannons;<br/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>''Units of unknown dislocation'': , 10 1/2 cavalry companies = 897-? soldiers, 897 horses with saddles.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>''Units of unknown dislocation'': , 10 1/2 cavalry companies = 897-? soldiers, 897 horses with saddles.</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>Total: 22,898 soldiers, 3013 horses with saddles, 861 horses for wagon or cannon traction, 62 cannons.</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>Total: 22,898 soldiers, 3013 horses with saddles, 861 horses for wagon or cannon traction, 62 cannons.</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 108:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 108:</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>- 77 infantry battalions, 19 cavalry companies = 12,088 soldiers, 2709 horses, 45 cannons;<br/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>- 77 infantry battalions, 19 cavalry companies = 12,088 soldiers, 2709 horses, 45 cannons;<br/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>III. corps;<br/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>III. corps;<br/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>- Lederer division: 44 infantry battalions, 2 cavalry companies = 7910 soldiers, 322 horses, 9 cannons;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br/></del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>- Lederer division: 44 infantry battalions, 2 cavalry companies = 7910 soldiers, 322 horses, 9 cannons;</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>Total: 33,487 soldiers, 3013 horses with saddles, 6028 horses for wagon or cannon traction, 108 cannons.<ref name="auto8"/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>Total: 33,487 soldiers, 3013 horses with saddles, 6028 horses for wagon or cannon traction, 108 cannons.<ref name="auto8"/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>==Battle==</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>==Battle==</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>During the night of 25/26 April, at 2 o'clock<ref name="auto"/> in the morning, the Hungarian I, III, and VIII corps (this latter being the garrison of the fortress) crossed the Danube on the raft bridge they had constructed and launched a dawn attack against the enemy entrenchments around the fortress on the south bank of the river.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2004|pp=248}}.</ref> First the Knezić division of the III. corps and the Zákó brigade of the I. corps crossed the Danube on the raft bridge (made a few days earlier) in the Star Trench (Csillagsánc), then the Kiss brigade occupied the trenches nr. 7. and 8. close to [[Nagyigmánd]]. Then General Knezić sent 34. Honvéd battalion of the Zákó brigade and a part of the 3. battalion of the 52. infantry regiment, from his division, to reinforce the Kiss brigade.<ref>Hermann Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">pp</del>. 987</ref> The Wysocki division, which arrived now on the battlefield became the center of the Hungarian order of battle. On the left wing, the Dipold and Bobich brigades crossed at 5:00<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>a.m. the Danube and attacked [[Szőny|Ószőny]].<ref>Hermann Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">pp</del>. 988</ref> The cavalry brigade led by General Nagysándor, reinforced by four companies of the 8. Hussar Regiment, belonging to the I. corps, was sent by General Damjanich towards Ószőny, to ensure contact with the troops from the Hungarian left wing.<ref<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></del>Hermann<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), pp.</del> 987<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ref</del>></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>During the night of 25/26 April, at 2 o'clock<ref name="auto"/> in the morning, the Hungarian I, III, and VIII corps (this latter being the garrison of the fortress) crossed the Danube on the raft bridge they had constructed and launched a dawn attack against the enemy entrenchments around the fortress on the south bank of the river.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2004|pp=248}}.</ref> First the Knezić division of the III. corps and the Zákó brigade of the I. corps crossed the Danube on the raft bridge (made a few days earlier) in the Star Trench (Csillagsánc), then the Kiss brigade occupied the trenches nr. 7. and 8. close to [[Nagyigmánd]]. Then General Knezić sent 34. Honvéd battalion of the Zákó brigade and a part of the 3. battalion of the 52. infantry regiment, from his division, to reinforce the Kiss brigade.<ref<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> name="Hermann 987"</ins>>Hermann Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">p</ins>. 987</ref> The Wysocki division, which arrived now on the battlefield became the center of the Hungarian order of battle. On the left wing, the Dipold and Bobich brigades crossed at 5:00<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&nbsp;</ins>a.m. the Danube and attacked [[Szőny|Ószőny]].<ref<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> name="Hermann 988"</ins>>Hermann Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">p</ins>. 988</ref> The cavalry brigade led by General Nagysándor, reinforced by four companies of the 8. Hussar Regiment, belonging to the I. corps, was sent by General Damjanich towards Ószőny, to ensure contact with the troops from the Hungarian left wing.<ref<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> name="</ins>Hermann 987<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">"</ins>/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>[[File:Battle of Komárom from 26.04.1849. Fight for the trenches.jpg|300 px|thumb|Battle of Komárom from 26 April 1849. The Hungarians storm the Austrian siege fortifications]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td> <td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-right" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to old location." href="#movedpara_43_0_lhs">⚫</a></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div><a name="movedpara_40_1_rhs"></a>After occupying the 7. and 8. trenches, Kiss's brigade turned west, and occupied [[Fort Monostor|Monostor]] (in German Sandberg), probably together with the trenches nr. 4., 5., 6.,<ref<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> name="</ins>Hermann 987<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">"</ins>/> capturing the enemy siege artillery, destroying the Hohenlohe battalion which was defending it, and capturing 4 officers and 350 men.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2004|pp=248–249}}.</ref> However, after this, the Austrian 2. jäger battalion attacked the Kiss brigade, recapturing the trenches, but the Honvéd battalions, coming from the Hadi-Island (today Erzsébet sziget/Alžbetin Ostrov/Elisabeth island on the Southern part of the city, today part of Slovakia), led by General Richard Guyon,{{efn|Historian Róbert Hermann argues that Guyon did not participate in this battle, and Klapka in whose memoirs he is presented as the leader of this attack, is wrong.<ref>Hermann Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), pp. 988-989</ref>}}<br/> attacked them from the flank, and returned the Monostor trenches to the Hungarians.<ref>Hermann Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">p</ins>. 989</ref> Hearing the sound of harsh clashes from the direction of Monostor, Knezić sent the 19. Honvéd battalion of the Zákó brigade to occupy Újszőny. The Honvéd battalion in question, occupied, in a heavy fight, Monostor, together with one of the trenches nr. 9. or the 10.{{efn|Historian Róbert Hermann mentions that it is not very clear which trench was occupied by the Honvéd battalion led by Major János Nyeregjártó, and it could be also the trench nr. 10.<ref>Hermann Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), pp. 987-988</ref>}} The Sulcz and the Zákó brigades (which formed the Kazinczy division) remained behind to defend the newly occupied trenches and to support the right wing. The soldiers of the 34. Honvéd battalion installed themselves in the trenches nr. 7 and 8, the 19. Honvéd battalion the 9. or the 10., while the right wing was reinforced by the 17. Honvéd battalion, the 3. battalion of the 39. infantry regiment and two sapper companies of the Bátori-Sulcz brigade.<ref<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> name="</ins>Hermann 988<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">"</ins>/> Klapka detached an infantry battery and a twelve-pounder battery of the Kazinczy division, and sent them to reinforce the flanks of the army. The infantry battery and half of the twelve-pounder battery were sent to the left flank, while the other half of the latter to the right flank.<ref<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> name="</ins>Hermann 988<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">"</ins>/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td> <td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-right" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to old location." href="#movedpara_44_1_lhs">⚫</a></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div><a name="movedpara_42_0_rhs"></a>Lederer's Imperial brigade conducted a fighting withdrawal to allow the heavy siege artillery and ammunition stock to retreat behind the Concó creek.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> After being pushed out of the trenches, the Austrian brigade retreated to the heights south of Monostor, where, reinforced by the 2. jäger battalion and other reinforcements, they tried to hold this position, but then they retreated behind the Concó creek, trying to establish here a strong defensive position.<ref name="Bánlaky"/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-left" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to new location." href="#movedpara_40_1_rhs">⚫</a></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div><a name="movedpara_43_0_lhs"></a>After occupying the 7. and 8. trenches, Kiss's brigade turned west, and occupied [[Fort Monostor|Monostor]] (in German Sandberg), probably together with the trenches nr. 4., 5., 6.,<ref<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></del>Hermann<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), pp.</del> 987<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ref</del>> capturing the enemy siege artillery, destroying the Hohenlohe battalion which was defending it, and capturing 4 officers and 350 men.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hermann|2004|pp=248–249}}.</ref> However, after this, the Austrian 2. jäger battalion attacked the Kiss brigade, recapturing the trenches, but the Honvéd battalions, coming from the Hadi-Island (today Erzsébet sziget/Alžbetin Ostrov/Elisabeth island on the Southern part of the city, today part of Slovakia), led by General Richard Guyon,{{efn|Historian Róbert Hermann argues that Guyon did not participate in this battle, and Klapka in whose memoirs he is presented as the leader of this attack, is wrong.<ref>Hermann Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), pp. 988-989</ref>}}<br/> attacked them from the flank, and returned the Monostor trenches to the Hungarians.<ref>Hermann Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">pp</del>. 989</ref> Hearing the sound of harsh clashes from the direction of Monostor, Knezić sent the 19. Honvéd battalion of the Zákó brigade to occupy Újszőny. The Honvéd battalion in question, occupied, in a heavy fight, Monostor, together with one of the trenches nr. 9. or the 10.{{efn|Historian Róbert Hermann mentions that it is not very clear which trench was occupied by the Honvéd battalion led by Major János Nyeregjártó, and it could be also the trench nr. 10.<ref>Hermann Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), pp. 987-988</ref>}} The Sulcz and the Zákó brigades (which formed the Kazinczy division) remained behind to defend the newly occupied trenches and to support the right wing. The soldiers of the 34. Honvéd battalion installed themselves in the trenches nr. 7 and 8, the 19. Honvéd battalion the 9. or the 10., while the right wing was reinforced by the 17. Honvéd battalion, the 3. battalion of the 39. infantry regiment and two sapper companies of the Bátori-Sulcz brigade.<ref<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></del>Hermann<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), pp.</del> 988<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ref</del>> Klapka detached an infantry battery and a twelve-pounder battery of the Kazinczy division, and sent them to reinforce the flanks of the army. The infantry battery and half of the twelve-pounder battery were sent to the left flank, while the other half of the latter to the right flank.<ref<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></del>Hermann<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), pp.</del> 988<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ref</del>><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del></div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-left" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to new location." href="#movedpara_42_0_rhs">⚫</a></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div><a name="movedpara_44_1_lhs"></a>Lederer's Imperial brigade conducted a fighting withdrawal to allow the heavy siege artillery and ammunition stock to retreat behind the Concó creek.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> After being pushed out of the trenches, the Austrian brigade retreated to the heights south of Monostor, where, reinforced by the 2. jäger battalion and other reinforcements, they tried to hold this position, but then they retreated behind the Concó creek, trying to establish here a strong defensive position.<ref name="Bánlaky"/><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del></div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>On the left wing, the attack of the Dipold brigade against Ószőny started a little later than it was planned: the day began to dawn. Thanks to this, the Austrian Liebler brigade noticed this and retreated toward Mocsa, but its rearguard, formed by two Deutschmeister companies, after being cut from the rest of the brigade by two Hungarian Coburg hussar companies, they surrendered without a fight.<ref name="Bánlaky"/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>On the left wing, the attack of the Dipold brigade against Ószőny started a little later than it was planned: the day began to dawn. Thanks to this, the Austrian Liebler brigade noticed this and retreated toward Mocsa, but its rearguard, formed by two Deutschmeister companies, after being cut from the rest of the brigade by two Hungarian Coburg hussar companies, they surrendered without a fight.<ref name="Bánlaky"/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>[[File:Karikás ostorral verekedő Hunyadi huszárok.jpg|thumb|Hungarian Hunyadi Hussars fighting the Austrian army with bullwhips, in the battle of Komárom, in the manner of the [[Betyár]]s]]</div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>[[File:Karikás ostorral verekedő Hunyadi huszárok.jpg<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">|300px</ins>|thumb|Hungarian Hunyadi Hussars fighting the Austrian army with bullwhips, in the battle of Komárom, in the manner of the [[Betyár]]s]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>[[File:First battle of Komárom 26 April 1849.jpg|300px|thumb|left|Map of the Battle of Komárom, 26 April 1849]]</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>[[File:First battle of Komárom 26 April 1849.jpg|300px|thumb|left|Map of the Battle of Komárom, 26 April 1849]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>At 6 o'clock, the commander-in-chief Hungarian army, General Artúr Görgei arrived on the battlefield and ordered his troops to continue the advance. He commanded the right wing advancing in the [[Ács]], forest, while the left wing led by General György Klapka advanced between Mocsa and Ószőny.<ref name="auto11">{{Harvnb|Hermann|2004|pp=249}}.</ref> Sensing that the Honvéd battalions under the command of General Knezić, which were fighting for the trenches southwest from Komárom, were the most exposed to the enemy's attacks, and knowing that because of the Austrian siege fortifications for which they fought, made impossible the use of artillery and cavalry, Görgei went, with half of a battery and half of a Hussar company, diverted from the troops which were still crossing the bridges and marching towards the battlefield, towards Monostor.<ref>Hermann Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">pp</del>. 991</ref> From Monostor, Görgei sent the half battery and the half Hussar company towards Ács, to divert the enemy's attention, which was pressuring the Hungarian center, towards the right flank.<ref<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></del>Hermann<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), pp.</del> 991<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ref</del>> Then he sent the 17. Honvéd battalion and the 3. battalion of the 39. infantry regiment from the Bátori-Sulcz brigade to take a position in the trenches of Monostor. Then he sent two companies of the 17. Honvéd battalion in the vineyards beyond Monostor, and when they were attacked by Austrian troops, he sent another two companies to support them.<ref<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></del>Hermann<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), pp.</del> 991<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ref</del>> These companies successfully repulsed the enemy attacks until, they run out of bullets, so Görgey called them back inside the trenches, where they replenished their ammunition, then he sent them back in the vineyard.<ref<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></del>Hermann<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), pp.</del> 991<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ref</del>> Shortly, the 8 companies of the I. Hussar regiment's 8 companies and a half battery led by colonel István Mesterházy, and two battalions of the VIII. corps (probably the 70. and 71 battalions) arrived, and thanks to this Görgei saw the chance to advance, with their help, to the main road leading to Ács, and to threaten the Austrian's retreat route.<ref<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></del>Hermann<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), pp.</del> 991<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ref</del>> Now with the four Honvéd battalions, the hussar regiment, and the two half batteries at his disposal, Görgei led the attack against the Ács woods: the northern section was stormed by the 17. Honvéd battalion, against the southern section, were sent the 70. and 71. Honvéd battalions, and east to this the cavalry and the two half batteries pushed forward against the Austrian cavalry, while the 3. battalion of the 39. infantry regiment represented the reserve under Görgei's personal command.<ref>Hermann Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">pp</del>. 992</ref><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>At 6 o'clock, the commander-in-chief Hungarian army, General Artúr Görgei arrived on the battlefield and ordered his troops to continue the advance. He commanded the right wing advancing in the [[Ács]], forest, while the left wing led by General György Klapka advanced between Mocsa and Ószőny.<ref name="auto11">{{Harvnb|Hermann|2004|pp=249}}.</ref> Sensing that the Honvéd battalions under the command of General Knezić, which were fighting for the trenches southwest from Komárom, were the most exposed to the enemy's attacks, and knowing that because of the Austrian siege fortifications for which they fought, made impossible the use of artillery and cavalry, Görgei went, with half of a battery and half of a Hussar company, diverted from the troops which were still crossing the bridges and marching towards the battlefield, towards Monostor.<ref<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> name="Hermann 991"</ins>>Hermann Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">p</ins>. 991</ref> From Monostor, Görgei sent the half battery and the half Hussar company towards Ács, to divert the enemy's attention, which was pressuring the Hungarian center, towards the right flank.<ref<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> name="</ins>Hermann 991<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">"</ins>/> Then he sent the 17. Honvéd battalion and the 3. battalion of the 39. infantry regiment from the Bátori-Sulcz brigade to take a position in the trenches of Monostor. Then he sent two companies of the 17. Honvéd battalion in the vineyards beyond Monostor, and when they were attacked by Austrian troops, he sent another two companies to support them.<ref<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> name="</ins>Hermann 991<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">"</ins>/> These companies successfully repulsed the enemy attacks until, they run out of bullets, so Görgey called them back inside the trenches, where they replenished their ammunition, then he sent them back in the vineyard.<ref<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> name="</ins>Hermann 991<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">"</ins>/> Shortly, the 8 companies of the I. Hussar regiment's 8 companies and a half battery led by colonel István Mesterházy, and two battalions of the VIII. corps (probably the 70. and 71 battalions) arrived, and thanks to this Görgei saw the chance to advance, with their help, to the main road leading to Ács, and to threaten the Austrian's retreat route.<ref<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> name="</ins>Hermann 991<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">"</ins>/> Now with the four Honvéd battalions, the hussar regiment, and the two half batteries at his disposal, Görgei led the attack against the Ács woods: the northern section was stormed by the 17. Honvéd battalion, against the southern section, were sent the 70. and 71. Honvéd battalions, and east to this the cavalry and the two half batteries pushed forward against the Austrian cavalry, while the 3. battalion of the 39. infantry regiment represented the reserve under Görgei's personal command.<ref<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> name="Hermann 992"</ins>>Hermann Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">p</ins>. 992</ref></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>At this point, Simunich was on the verge of suffering a heavy defeat, but he was saved by the intervention of the Imperial II Corps and then the III Corps. These had retreated from Buda and Pest,<ref name="auto11"/> as ordered by Welden five days before, after the battle of Nagysalló. Until the arrival of the III. corps the Hungarian and the imperial forces had been roughly equal (around 14,000 troops of the Hungarian I and III Corps against similar numbers from Simunich's besieging army),<ref name="auto10">{{Harvnb|Pusztaszeri|1984|pp=331}}.</ref> but the addition of Schlik's III Corps created a 2:1 superiority for the Austrians.<ref name="auto7">{{Harvnb|Pusztaszeri|1984|pp=334}}.</ref></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>At this point, Simunich was on the verge of suffering a heavy defeat, but he was saved by the intervention of the Imperial II Corps and then the III Corps. These had retreated from Buda and Pest,<ref name="auto11"/> as ordered by Welden five days before, after the battle of Nagysalló. Until the arrival of the III. corps the Hungarian and the imperial forces had been roughly equal (around 14,000 troops of the Hungarian I and III Corps against similar numbers from Simunich's besieging army),<ref name="auto10">{{Harvnb|Pusztaszeri|1984|pp=331}}.</ref> but the addition of Schlik's III Corps created a 2:1 superiority for the Austrians.<ref name="auto7">{{Harvnb|Pusztaszeri|1984|pp=334}}.</ref></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>At this moment the situation was as follows: on the right wing the Hungarian Kiss brigade, reinforced by the 70. and 71. battalions from the VIII. corps was advancing towards the Ács wood<ref name="Bánlaky"/> faced the Lederer brigade under the command of Lieutenant General Balthasar von Simunich; in the center, on the heights south and southeast of the Monostor trenches the Bátori-Sulcz brigade, face to face with the bulk of the II. and III. Austrian corps; behind the Kiss and Bátori-Sulcz stood the Kökényessy brigade; on the left wing along the road to Mocsa, stretching to Ószőny was the Dipold brigade facing the Austrian Liebler brigade. The bulk of the Hungarian cavalry, led by General Nagysándor, was on the second line behind the center, four of its companies helping the Dipold brigade. The Austrian Montenuovo cavalry brigade was heading from [[Kocs]] to Mocsa towards Nagysándor's hussars. The rest of Klapka's and Damjanich's corps, together with a part of the VIII. corps was waiting at the Danube bridgehead, while the VII. corps was heading towards Komárom from the northwest, on the left bank of the Danube, but they will not arrive until the end of the battle.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> At this moment Görgei, to continue his successful advance towards Ács, summoned those troops from the Danube bridgehead, which were not used by Damjanich, depriving the left wing under Klapka, who had only one brigade (Dipold brigade) at his disposal, of any reinforcements.<ref name="Bánlaky"/><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>At this moment the situation was as follows: on the right wing the Hungarian Kiss brigade, reinforced by the 70. and 71. battalions from the VIII. corps was advancing towards the Ács wood<ref name="Bánlaky"/> faced the Lederer brigade under the command of Lieutenant General Balthasar von Simunich; in the center, on the heights south and southeast of the Monostor trenches the Bátori-Sulcz brigade, face to face with the bulk of the II. and III. Austrian corps; behind the Kiss and Bátori-Sulcz stood the Kökényessy brigade; on the left wing along the road to Mocsa, stretching to Ószőny was the Dipold brigade facing the Austrian Liebler brigade. The bulk of the Hungarian cavalry, led by General Nagysándor, was on the second line behind the center, four of its companies helping the Dipold brigade. The Austrian Montenuovo cavalry brigade was heading from [[Kocs]] to Mocsa towards Nagysándor's hussars. The rest of Klapka's and Damjanich's corps, together with a part of the VIII. corps was waiting at the Danube bridgehead, while the VII. corps was heading towards Komárom from the northwest, on the left bank of the Danube, but they will not arrive until the end of the battle.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> At this moment Görgei, to continue his successful advance towards Ács, summoned those troops from the Danube bridgehead, which were not used by Damjanich, depriving the left wing under Klapka, who had only one brigade (Dipold brigade) at his disposal, of any reinforcements.<ref name="Bánlaky"/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>After Klapka's troops, covered by the fortress artillery, had advanced to Ószőny, pushing back Liebler's brigade, but the latter, waiting until the fire of his artillery caused the Hungarians to stop,<ref name="Bánlaky"/> then, with the help of [[Franz Schlik]]’s cavalry, launched a counterattack.<ref name="auto11"/> This made the Hungarians retreat in the so-called Star Fort of Komárom, but when it came within range of the Hungarian guns from the fortress of Komárom, the cannonade from these caused heavy losses to the Liebler brigade, forcing it to fall back to its initial position.<ref name="auto11"/> Liebler's brigade's retreat was pursued towards Nagyigmánd by two regiments of Hungarian hussars led by Major General [[József Nagysándor]], supported by the 47th Honvéd [[battalion]] and a 12-pounder [[Artillery battery|battery]].<ref name="auto11"/> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td> <td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-right" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to old location." href="#movedpara_59_1_lhs">⚫</a></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div><a name="movedpara_51_2_rhs"></a>[[File:Komáromi csata 1849 ápr - Copy.jpg<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">|300px</ins>|thumb|Cavalry skirmish during the Battle of Komárom]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td> <td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-right" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to old location." href="#movedpara_59_2_lhs">⚫</a></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div><a name="movedpara_51_3_rhs"></a>[[File:Friedrich L'Allemand Komáromi csata ápr 26.jpg<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">|300px</ins>|thumb|left|Friedrich L'Allemand Battle of Komárom 26 April 1849]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>Schlik, the commander of III Corps, the senior commander, took overall command of the Imperial army, and at noon he ordered a general attack.<ref name="auto11"/> His plan was not to take back the Austrian trenches and to push back the Hungarians back in their starting positions behind the walls of Komárom, but to ease the retreat of the siege corps, together with their siege equipment towards Vienna.<ref name="Bánlaky"/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td> <td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-right" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to old location." href="#movedpara_58_0_lhs">⚫</a></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div><a name="movedpara_53_0_rhs"></a><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">On</ins> the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">left</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">wing</ins>, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Nagysándor</ins>'s <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">16</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">hussar</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">companies</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">and</ins> the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">uhlans</ins> of the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Polish</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Legion</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">companies</ins>, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">which</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">pursued</ins> the Liebler brigade, advanced on the Ószőny-Nagyigmánd road, wanting to attack Schlik's troops from the right and back.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> Schlik sent against them the concentrated cavalry of Lieutenant General Franz Liechtenstein, the Nicholas [[dragoons]], and the Civalart uhlans, supported by a Congreve rocket battery. The two cavalry masses clashed southeast from the Csém <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">grange</ins>.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> In the first attack participated from the Austrian side, the Kisslinger dragoon brigade and the rocket battery, while from the Hungarian side the 2. and 3. hussar regiments and the Polish uhlans, at the end of which the hussars, also attacked by the cannons of the Austrian artillery, were forced to retreat. Now the second line of the Hungarian cavalry, represented by the 3. Hussar regiment, led by Colonel Kászonyi, intending to stop at least the pursuit of the Kisslinger brigade, charged, being joined also by the hussars of the first line, which earlier retreated, but now regrouped themselves along the Mocsa-Ács road, but at this moment the Austrian Montenuovo cavalry brigade appeared from the direction of Mocsa, and attacked with the greatest vigor the hussars on their right flank, causing them to rout.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> The Austrian cavalry then attacked the 47. Honvéd battalion, scattering them, almost capturing the twelve-pounder battery. Luckily the 26. Honvéd battalion led by Major Beöthy came to their rescue, first firing several times, then carrying out a bayonet charge against the enemy cavalry, saving the 47. Honvéd battalion from their hopeless situation, and when Klapka ordered the Hungarian cannoneers near to them to shoot in the Austrian cavalry, Kisslinger was forced to retreat his order a retreat to his tired riders.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-left" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to new location." href="#movedpara_57_0_rhs">⚫</a></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div><a name="movedpara_54_0_lhs"></a>In the center, no serious combats happened until the two Austrian corps arrived from the direction of Buda. The cause of this was that Damjanich, after agreeing with Görgei, to advance, with a part of the troops from the Danube bridgehead to reinforce the Bátori-Sulcz brigade, faced in front of him, a terrain, which was very accidented and filled with the siege trenches of the Austrians, which made the advance of the cavalry and artillery almost impossible, so, to enable this, they had to be filled with earth.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> When Damjanich, around 9:00<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>a.m., finally arrived on the battlefield, he saw in front of him, between Herkály and Csém, the newly arrived Austrian troops under the leadership of General Schlik, fully deployed, and ready for the battle.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> And when Damjanich started the deployment of his troops, the Austrian artillery unleashed a harsh cannonade against the Hungarians, causing them losses and difficulties.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> But when the Hungarians finished their deployment, they managed to stabilize the situation,<ref name="Bánlaky"/> although the center under Damjanich's command was attacked from two sides by the numerically superior imperial II and III Corps.<ref name="auto5">{{Harvnb|Hermann|2004|pp=250}}.</ref> The fight in the center continued as an artillery duel.<ref name="Bánlaky"/></div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td> <td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-right" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to old location." href="#movedpara_59_0_lhs">⚫</a></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div><a name="movedpara_55_0_rhs"></a>[[File:5tavaszi 08 n.jpg<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">|300px</ins>|thumb|left|Infantry battle during the Battle of Komárom 26 April 1849]] With this the Hungarians managed to halt the powerful imperial advance on their left wing, so the battle here continued as an artillery duel until they ran out of cannonballs.<ref name="auto13">{{Harvnb|Pusztaszeri|1984|pp=332}}.</ref> One of the [[adjutant]]s of the Hungarian [[headquarters]], Kálmán Rochlitz, wrote in his memoirs: <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">"</ins>Our field artillery ran out of ammunition so that when I went to one of the batteries of I corps, I saw with my own eyes how our artillerymen picked up from the ground the cannon balls fired at us [by the enemy], wadded them with rags made of clothes ripped from the dead bodies of the fallen [soldiers], and in this way, they loaded them into the gun barrels on top of the loose gunpowder they had put in first [in the cannon tubes].<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">"</ins><ref name="auto17">{{Harvnb|Pusztaszeri|1984|pp=333}}.</ref></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td> <td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-right" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to old location." href="#movedpara_54_0_lhs">⚫</a></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div><a name="movedpara_57_0_rhs"></a>In the center, no serious combats happened until the two Austrian corps arrived from the direction of Buda. The cause of this was that Damjanich, after agreeing with Görgei, to advance, with a part of the troops from the Danube bridgehead to reinforce the Bátori-Sulcz brigade, faced in front of him, a terrain, which was very accidented and filled with the siege trenches of the Austrians, which made the advance of the cavalry and artillery almost impossible, so, to enable this, they had to be filled with earth.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> When Damjanich, around 9:00<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&nbsp;</ins>a.m., finally arrived on the battlefield, he saw in front of him, between Herkály and Csém, the newly arrived Austrian troops under the leadership of General Schlik, fully deployed, and ready for the battle.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> And when Damjanich started the deployment of his troops, the Austrian artillery unleashed a harsh cannonade against the Hungarians, causing them losses and difficulties.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> But when the Hungarians finished their deployment, they managed to stabilize the situation,<ref name="Bánlaky"/> although the center under Damjanich's command was attacked from two sides by the numerically superior imperial II and III Corps.<ref name="auto5">{{Harvnb|Hermann|2004|pp=250}}.</ref> The fight in the center continued as an artillery duel.<ref name="Bánlaky"/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-left" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to new location." href="#movedpara_53_0_rhs">⚫</a></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div><a name="movedpara_58_0_lhs"></a><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">After Klapka's troops, covered by</del> the <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">fortress</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">artillery</del>, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">had advanced to Ószőny, pushing back Liebler</del>'s <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">brigade,</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">but</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">latter, waiting until</del> the <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">fire</del> of<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> his artillery caused</del> the <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Hungarians</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">to</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">stop</del>,<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">name="Bánlaky"/></del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">then, with the help of [[Franz Schlik]]’s cavalry, launched a counterattack.<ref name="auto11"/> This made the Hungarians retreat in the so-called Star Fort of Komárom, but when it came within range of the Hungarian guns from the fortress of Komárom, the cannonade from these caused heavy losses to</del> the Liebler brigade,<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> forcing it to fall back to its initial position.<ref name="auto11"/> Liebler's brigade's retreat was pursued towards Nagyigmánd by two regiments of Hungarian hussars led by Major General [[József Nagysándor]], supported by the 47th Honvéd [[battalion]] and a 12-pounder [[Artillery battery|battery]].<ref name="auto11"/> Nagysándor's 16 hussar companies and the uhlans of the Polish Legion companies</del> advanced on the Ószőny-Nagyigmánd road, wanting to attack Schlik's troops from the right and back.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> Schlik sent against them the concentrated cavalry of Lieutenant General Franz Liechtenstein, the Nicholas [[dragoons]], and the Civalart uhlans, supported by a Congreve rocket battery. The two cavalry masses clashed southeast from the Csém <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">waste</del>.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> In the first attack participated from the Austrian side, the Kisslinger dragoon brigade and the rocket battery, while from the Hungarian side the 2. and 3. hussar regiments and the Polish uhlans, at the end of which the hussars, also attacked by the cannons of the Austrian artillery, were forced to retreat. Now the second line of the Hungarian cavalry, represented by the 3. Hussar regiment, led by Colonel Kászonyi, intending to stop at least the pursuit of the Kisslinger brigade, charged, being joined also by the hussars of the first line, which earlier retreated, but now regrouped themselves along the Mocsa-Ács road, but at this moment the Austrian Montenuovo cavalry brigade appeared from the direction of Mocsa, and attacked with the greatest vigor the hussars on their right flank, causing them to rout.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> The Austrian cavalry then attacked the 47. Honvéd battalion, scattering them, almost capturing the twelve-pounder battery. Luckily the 26. Honvéd battalion led by Major Beöthy came to their rescue, first firing several times, then carrying out a bayonet charge against the enemy cavalry, saving the 47. Honvéd battalion from their hopeless situation, and when Klapka ordered the Hungarian cannoneers near to them to shoot in the Austrian cavalry, Kisslinger was forced to retreat his order a retreat to his tired riders.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> </div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-left" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to new location." href="#movedpara_55_0_rhs">⚫</a></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div><a name="movedpara_59_0_lhs"></a>[[File:5tavaszi 08 n.jpg|thumb|left|Infantry battle during the Battle of Komárom 26 April 1849]] With this the Hungarians managed to halt the powerful imperial advance on their left wing, so the battle here continued as an artillery duel until they ran out of cannonballs.<ref name="auto13">{{Harvnb|Pusztaszeri|1984|pp=332}}.</ref> One of the [[adjutant]]s of the Hungarian [[headquarters]], Kálmán Rochlitz, wrote in his memoirs: <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''</del>Our field artillery ran out of ammunition so that when I went to one of the batteries of I corps, I saw with my own eyes how our artillerymen picked up from the ground the cannon balls fired at us<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''</del> [by the enemy], <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''</del>wadded them with rags made of clothes ripped from the dead bodies of the fallen<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''</del> [soldiers], <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''</del>and in this way, they loaded them into the gun barrels on top of the loose gunpowder they had put in first<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''</del> [in the cannon tubes].<ref name="auto17">{{Harvnb|Pusztaszeri|1984|pp=333}}.</ref></div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-left" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to new location." href="#movedpara_51_2_rhs">⚫</a></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div><a name="movedpara_59_1_lhs"></a>[[File:Komáromi csata 1849 ápr - Copy.jpg|thumb|Cavalry skirmish during the Battle of Komárom]]</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-left" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to new location." href="#movedpara_51_3_rhs">⚫</a></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div><a name="movedpara_59_2_lhs"></a>[[File:Friedrich L'Allemand Komáromi csata ápr 26.jpg|thumb|left|Friedrich L'Allemand Battle of Komárom 26 April 1849]]</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Schlik, the commander of III Corps, the senior commander, took overall command of the Imperial army, and at noon he ordered a general attack.<ref name="auto11"/> His plan was not to take back the Austrian trenches and to push back the Hungarians back in their starting positions behind the walls of Komárom, but to ease the retreat of the siege corps, together with their siege equipment towards Vienna.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> </del>According to Schlik's orders, Simunich ordered Lederer to advance again in the Ács woods, and attack Görgei's 4 battalions and 10 cavalry companies.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> Because he did not expect any serious attack from the direction of Ács, Görgei sent only a few units to hold the Ács forest, deploying the bulk of his troops on the heights southeast to the forest.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> When the Lederer brigade entered again in the forest, the Hungarian units were pushed out of it, so Görgei sent the 9., 17., 19, and 65 Honvéd battalions, together with the 3. battalions of the 19. and 60. infantry regiments, to recapture the forest, but although they achieved temporary successes, they had to retreat because they were not enough coordinated.<ref name="Bánlaky"/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>According to Schlik's orders, Simunich ordered Lederer to advance again in the Ács woods, and attack Görgei's 4 battalions and 10 cavalry companies.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> Because he did not expect any serious attack from the direction of Ács, Görgei sent only a few units to hold the Ács forest, deploying the bulk of his troops on the heights southeast to the forest.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> When the Lederer brigade entered again in the forest, the Hungarian units were pushed out of it, so Görgei sent the 9., 17., 19, and 65 Honvéd battalions, together with the 3. battalions of the 19. and 60. infantry regiments, to recapture the forest, but although they achieved temporary successes, they had to retreat because they were not enough coordinated.<ref name="Bánlaky"/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">During</del> another attack of the troops of Görgei, when they approached the Ács forest at 600-750 paces, he received a report from Damjanich, who commanded the center, that Simunich's corps received considerable reinforcements, the cavalry under Nagysándor was pushed back, and Klapka retreats on the left flank, so he understood that he has no other choice, but to start the retreat gradually towards the Monostor trenches, and to hold them at all cost<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, and send the order to Damjanich to do the same</del>.<ref<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></del>Hermann<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), pp.</del> 992<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ref</del>> Görgei also started to feel the Austrian pressure in the substantial increase of the Austrian artillery shootings, right at the moment when 6 of his 8 batteries run out of ammunition.<ref<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></del>Hermann<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> Róbert: [http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.] Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), pp.</del> 992<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ref</del>> Görgei's battalions in the Ács forest were subjected to ever-increasing pressure from the imperials, who appeared in this place in greater and greater numbers because General Franz Schlik had already given the order to retreat to the west after the battle, preventing the Hungarian commander from achieving success here.<ref name="auto11"/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">On the right wing, during</ins> another attack of the troops of Görgei, when they approached the Ács forest at 600-750 paces, he received a report from Damjanich, who commanded the center, that Simunich's corps received considerable reinforcements, the cavalry under Nagysándor was pushed back, and Klapka retreats on the left flank, so he understood that he has no other choice, but to start the retreat gradually towards the Monostor trenches, and to hold them at all cost.<ref<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> name="</ins>Hermann 992<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">"</ins>/> Görgei also started to feel the Austrian pressure in the substantial increase of the Austrian artillery shootings, right at the moment when 6 of his 8 batteries run out of ammunition.<ref<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> name="</ins>Hermann 992<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">"</ins>/> Görgei's battalions in the Ács forest were subjected to ever-increasing pressure from the<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> ever-increasing number of</ins> imperials, who appeared in this place in greater and greater numbers because General Franz Schlik had already given the order to retreat to the west after the battle, preventing the Hungarian commander from achieving success here.<ref name="auto11"/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Fearing</del> that the <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Austrians</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">intend</del> to <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">take back</del> the <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">siege</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">trenches</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">on</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">right</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">bank</del> of the <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Danube,</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">and</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">push</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Hungarian</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">army</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">back</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">to</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Komárom</del>, Görgei decided to retreat behind the imperial siege trenches around Komárom, and wait for reinforcements.<ref name="auto5"/> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Luckily</del> the <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">imperial</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">troops</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">had</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">also</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">run</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">out</del> of ammunition <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">at</del> the <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">same</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">time</del>.<ref<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">>{{Harvnb|Pusztaszeri|1984|pp</del>=<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">333–334}}.<</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ref</del>></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Being informed</ins> that the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Austrian</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">center started</ins> to <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">push</ins> the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">severely</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">outnumbered</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Damjanich</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">with</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">its</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">infantry and also because</ins> of the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">VII.</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">corps</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">did</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">not</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">arrive</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">on</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">battlefield,</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">around 1:00&nbsp;p.m.</ins>, Görgei decided<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> to give the order to all his troops</ins> to retreat behind the imperial siege trenches around Komárom<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, captured by his troops at the beginning of the battle</ins>, and wait for reinforcements.<ref name="auto5"/> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Schlik, after achieving his purpose to secure</ins> the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">retreat</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">of</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Simunich</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">siege</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">corps and a part</ins> of<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> its artillery and</ins> ammunition <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(as mentioned earlier,</ins> the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Hungarians</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">captured 7 siege mortars), ordered to his infantry and cavalry to pull back, and continued an artillery duel with the Hungarians until 3:00&nbsp;p.m., when the ammunition ended on both sides, then started the march towards the western border of Hungary</ins>.<ref<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> name</ins>=<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">"Bánlaky"</ins>/><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </ins></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>[[File:Komáromi csatában április 26-án súlyosan sebesült dragonyos tiszt és az őt menekítő katonái.jpg|thumb|An Austrian cuirassier officer heavily wounded in the Battle of Komárom]]</div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>[[File:Komáromi csatában április 26-án súlyosan sebesült dragonyos tiszt és az őt menekítő katonái.jpg<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">|300px</ins>|thumb|An Austrian cuirassier officer heavily wounded in the Battle of Komárom]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>So the battle effectively ended at 1 p.m.<ref name="auto5"/> At sunrise Görgei had sent an order which was reiterated at 9 o'clock by his chief of staff [[Colonel]] József Bayer to [[Lieutenant-Colonel]] [[Ernő Poeltenberg]], (the new commander of VII corps, in place of General [[András Gáspár (general)|András Gáspár]], who had gone on leave not long before) to come quickly to Komárom from where VII Corps was stationed at Perbete [[Perbete]].<ref name="auto17"/> Poeltenberg came as fast as he could, but his troops’ movements were slowed by the fact that the roads were flooded because of the spring rains, and when they reached the north bank of the Danube, the raft bridge improvised by Görgei's sappers had almost collapsed and had to be strengthened before they could finish crossing to the south bank.<ref name="auto5"/> So Poeltenberg's two Hussar [[regiment]]s and cavalry batteries only reached the battlefield at 3 o'clock when the battle was already over,<ref name="auto5"/> while the infantry divisions did not arrive until evening. They set off that night towards [[Győr]], to pursue the enemy and to occupy that very important city.<ref name="auto7"/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>So the battle effectively ended at 1 p.m.<ref name="auto5"/> At sunrise Görgei had sent an order which was reiterated at 9 o'clock by his chief of staff [[Colonel]] József Bayer to [[Lieutenant-Colonel]] [[Ernő Poeltenberg]], (the new commander of VII corps, in place of General [[András Gáspár (general)|András Gáspár]], who had gone on leave not long before) to come quickly to Komárom from where VII Corps was stationed at Perbete [[Perbete]].<ref name="auto17"/> Poeltenberg came as fast as he could, but his troops’ movements were slowed by the fact that the roads were flooded because of the spring rains, and when they reached the north bank of the Danube, the raft bridge improvised by Görgei's sappers had almost collapsed and had to be strengthened before they could finish crossing to the south bank.<ref name="auto5"/> So Poeltenberg's two Hussar [[regiment]]s and cavalry batteries only reached the battlefield at 3 o'clock when the battle was already over,<ref name="auto5"/> while the infantry divisions did not arrive until evening. They set off that night towards [[Győr]], to pursue the enemy and to occupy that very important city.<ref name="auto7"/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 148:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 152:</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>==The outcome of the battle==</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>==The outcome of the battle==</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>In the 21st volume of József Bánlaky's monumental Military History of the Hungarian Nation (A magyar nemzet hadtörténete), although he does not make an explicit judgement about the result of the battle, by quoting Görgei's report to the Hungarian government in which the Hungarian commander calls a victory, albeit without comment, Bánlaky's tacitly accepts Görgei's opinion.<ref name="Bánlaky"<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">>Bánlaky József: A magyar nemzet hadtörténete XXI, [http:</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">/mek.oszk.hu/09400/09477/html/0021/2190.html A komáromi csata (1849. április 26-án)] Arcanum Adatbázis Kft. 2001</ref</del>> In his book about Görgei's military career, László Pusztaszeri speaks about the "failure to achieve a decisive victory",<ref name="auto7"/> showing that he tends to regards this battle as a victory but not a decisive one. In an article in the Hungarian historical magazine Rubicon, Tamás Tarján also considers this battle a Hungarian victory.<ref name='Tarján'>Tarján Tamás, [http://www.rubicon.hu/magyar/oldalak/1849_aprilis_26_a_komaromi_csata/ 1849. április 26. A komáromi csata], Rubicon</ref> Róbert Hermann's opinion is that, although the Hungarian army accomplishing its immediate tactical purpose of relieving the very important fortress, the Battle of Komárom on 26 April 1849 can be viewed rather as an indecisive battle, because the imperial plan beforehand was to abandon the siege anyway and to retreat towards Pozsony and Vienna; thus the Hungarians did not impose their will on the enemy, but just forced them to retreat a few days earlier than planned.<ref name="auto5"/> The Hungarian plan to surround and destroy the imperial force failed because of the arrival and attack of Schlik's III Corps. But the loss of much of the siege artillery, and of a whole [[grenadier]] division,<ref name="auto5"/> a huge amount of food, ammunition, 7 heavy siege cannons and mortars, and the whole military tent camp, all captured by the Hungarians, was a hard blow for the imperial commanders.<ref name="auto4"/></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>In the 21st volume of József Bánlaky's monumental Military History of the Hungarian Nation (A magyar nemzet hadtörténete), although he does not make an explicit judgement about the result of the battle, by quoting Görgei's report to the Hungarian government in which the Hungarian commander calls a victory, albeit without comment, Bánlaky's tacitly accepts Görgei's opinion.<ref name="Bánlaky"/> In his book about Görgei's military career, László Pusztaszeri speaks about the "failure to achieve a decisive victory",<ref name="auto7"/> showing that he tends to regards this battle as a victory but not a decisive one. In an article in the Hungarian historical magazine Rubicon, Tamás Tarján also considers this battle a Hungarian victory.<ref name='Tarján'>Tarján Tamás, [http://www.rubicon.hu/magyar/oldalak/1849_aprilis_26_a_komaromi_csata/ 1849. április 26. A komáromi csata], Rubicon</ref> Róbert Hermann's opinion is that, although the Hungarian army accomplishing its immediate tactical purpose of relieving the very important fortress, the Battle of Komárom on 26 April 1849 can be viewed rather as an indecisive battle, because the imperial plan beforehand was to abandon the siege anyway and to retreat towards Pozsony and Vienna; thus the Hungarians did not impose their will on the enemy, but just forced them to retreat a few days earlier than planned.<ref name="auto5"/> The Hungarian plan to surround and destroy the imperial force failed because of the arrival and attack of Schlik's III Corps. But the loss of much of the siege artillery, and of a whole [[grenadier]] division,<ref name="auto5"/> a huge amount of food, ammunition, 7 heavy siege cannons and mortars, and the whole military tent camp, all captured by the Hungarians, was a hard blow for the imperial commanders.<ref name="auto4"/></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>==Aftermath==</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>==Aftermath==</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 182:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 186:</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>{{Clear}}</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>{{Clear}}</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>{{Hungarian Revolution of 1848}}</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>{{Hungarian Revolution of 1848}}</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>{{Coord|47|44|08.1|N|18|06|19.9|E|display=title}}</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>{{coord missing|Hungary}}</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>{{DEFAULTSORT:Komarom, Battle of 01}}</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>{{DEFAULTSORT:Komarom, Battle of 01}}</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>[[Category:Battles involving Austria]]</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>[[Category:Battles involving Austria]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>[[Category:Battles <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">involving</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Hungary</del>]]</div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>[[Category:Battles <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">of</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the Hungarian Revolution of 1848</ins>]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>[[Category:Hungarian Revolution of 1848]]</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>[[Category:Conflicts in 1849]]</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>[[Category:Conflicts in 1849]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>[[Category:April 1849 events|Battle of Komarom 01]]</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>[[Category:April 1849 events|Battle of Komarom 01]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>[[Category:History of Komárom-Esztergom County]]</div></td> </tr> </table><hr class='diff-hr' id='mw-oldid' /> <h2 class='diff-currentversion-title'>Latest revision as of 13:27, 16 April 2024</h2> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Battle of the Hungarian War of Independence</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">First Battle of Komárom</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1848">Hungarian Revolution of 1848</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Than_Komaromi_csata_1849_04_26.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Than_Komaromi_csata_1849_04_26.jpg/300px-Than_Komaromi_csata_1849_04_26.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Than_Komaromi_csata_1849_04_26.jpg/450px-Than_Komaromi_csata_1849_04_26.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Than_Komaromi_csata_1849_04_26.jpg/600px-Than_Komaromi_csata_1849_04_26.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1329" data-file-height="800" /></a></span><br /><i>The First Battle</i>, a painting by <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B3r_Than" title="Mór Than">Mór Than</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>26 April 1849</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Kom%C3%A1rom" title="Komárom">Komárom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Kingdom of Hungary</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> Tactically inconclusive; strategical Hungarian victory</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png/25px-Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png/38px-Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png/50px-Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png 2x" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="398" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolutionary_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Revolutionary Army">Hungarian Revolutionary Army</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/25px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian Empire</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png/22px-Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png/33px-Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png/44px-Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png 2x" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="398" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Art%C3%BAr_G%C3%B6rgei" title="Artúr Görgei">Artúr Görgei</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png/22px-Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png/33px-Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png/44px-Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png 2x" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="398" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Klapka" title="György Klapka">György Klapka</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png/22px-Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png/33px-Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png/44px-Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png 2x" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="398" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1nos_Damjanich" title="János Damjanich">János Damjanich</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Balthasar_von_Simunich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Balthasar von Simunich (page does not exist)">Balthasar von Simunich</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Franz_Schlik" title="Franz Schlik">Franz Schlik</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <b>Total</b>: <b>18,884</b><br /> - <i>I. corps: 9,465</i><br /> - <i>III. corps: 9,419</i><br /> - <i> a part of VIII. corps: 4249</i><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> 62 cannons<br /><b>Did not participate</b>:<br /> VII. corps: 9,043 men<br /> 45 cannons<sup id="cite_ref-auto8_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto8-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <b>Total</b>: <b>33,487</b><br /> - <i>II. corps: 13,489</i><br /> - <i>III. corps: 12,088</i><br /> - <i>IV. (siege) corps Lederer division: 7910</i><br /> 108 cannons<sup id="cite_ref-auto8_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto8-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <b>Total</b>: 800</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <b>Total</b>: 671 <br /> 33 dead<br /> 149 wounded<br /> 489 missing and captured<sup id="cite_ref-auto8_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto8-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> 7 heavy siege cannons and mortars captured by the Hungarians<sup id="cite_ref-auto9_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto9-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <div 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Hungarian Revolution of 1848"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1848">Hungarian Revolution <br /> of 1848</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Karl%C3%B3ca" title="Battle of Karlóca">Karlóca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Siege_of_Szenttam%C3%A1s" title="First Siege of Szenttamás">1st Szenttamás</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Siege_of_Szenttam%C3%A1s" title="Second Siege of Szenttamás">2nd Szenttamás</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Perlasz" title="Battle of Perlasz">Perlasz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Uprising_of_1848%E2%80%9349" title="Slovak Uprising of 1848–49">Slovak uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Siege_of_Szenttam%C3%A1s" title="Third Siege of Szenttamás">3rd Szenttamás</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_P%C3%A1kozd" title="Battle of Pákozd">Pákozd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avram_Iancu#Conflict" title="Avram Iancu">Transylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uprising_in_Nagykanizsa" title="Uprising in Nagykanizsa">Nagykanizsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrender_at_Ozora" title="Surrender at Ozora">Ozora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Letenye" title="Battle of Letenye">Letenye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kotor" title="Battle of Kotor">Kotor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Schwechat" title="Battle of Schwechat">Schwechat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Friedau" title="Battle of Friedau">Friedau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rika" title="Battle of Rika">Rika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jarkov%C3%A1c" title="Battle of Jarkovác">Jarkovác</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moson" title="Battle of Moson">Moson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_M%C3%B3r" title="Battle of Mór">Mór</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pancsova" title="Battle of Pancsova">Pancsova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kassa_(1849)" title="Battle of Kassa (1849)">Kassa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ny%C3%A1rasd" title="Battle of Nyárasd">Nyárasd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Szolnok" title="First Battle of Szolnok">1st Szolnok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cegl%C3%A9d" title="Battle of Cegléd">Cegléd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_V%C3%ADzakna" title="Battle of Vízakna">Vízakna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Branyiszk%C3%B3" title="Battle of Branyiszkó">Branyiszkó</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Piski" title="Battle of Piski">Piski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kompolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Kompolt">Kompolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cibakh%C3%A1za" title="Battle of Cibakháza">Cibakháza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_K%C3%A1polna" title="Battle of Kápolna">Kápolna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mez%C5%91k%C3%B6vesd" title="Battle of Mezőkövesd">Mezőkövesd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Szolnok" title="Second Battle of Szolnok">2nd Szolnok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Nagyszeben" title="Second Battle of Nagyszeben">2nd Nagyszeben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hatvan" title="Battle of Hatvan">Hatvan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Siege_of_Szenttam%C3%A1s" title="Fourth Siege of Szenttamás">4th Szenttamás</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_T%C3%A1pi%C3%B3bicske" title="Battle of Tápióbicske">Tápióbicske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Isaszeg_(1849)" title="Battle of Isaszeg (1849)">Isaszeg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_V%C3%A1c_(1849)" title="First Battle of Vác (1849)">1st Vác</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nagysall%C3%B3" title="Battle of Nagysalló">Nagysalló</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1st Komárom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Buda_(1849)" title="Siege of Buda (1849)">Buda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_K%C3%A1ty" title="Battle of Káty">Káty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Csorna" title="Battle of Csorna">Csorna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zsig%C3%A1rd" title="Battle of Zsigárd">Zsigárd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Als%C3%B3ny%C3%A1rasd" title="Battle of Alsónyárasd">Alsónyárasd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pered" title="Battle of Pered">Pered</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ih%C3%A1sz" title="Battle of Ihász">Ihász</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gy%C5%91r_(1849)" title="Battle of Győr (1849)">Győr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)" title="Second Battle of Komárom (1849)">2nd Komárom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)" title="Third Battle of Komárom (1849)">3rd Komárom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kishegyes" title="Battle of Kishegyes">Kishegyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_V%C3%A1c_(1849)" title="Second Battle of Vác (1849)">2nd Vác</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tura" title="Battle of Tura">Tura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Segesv%C3%A1r" title="Battle of Segesvár">Segesvár</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Debrecen_(1849)" title="Battle of Debrecen (1849)">Debrecen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom" title="Fourth Battle of Komárom">4th Komárom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sz%C5%91reg" title="Battle of Szőreg">Szőreg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Temesv%C3%A1r" title="Battle of Temesvár">Temesvár</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrender_at_Vil%C3%A1gos" title="Surrender at Világos">Világos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Het%C3%A9ny" title="Battle of Hetény">Hetény</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Het%C3%A9ny-Kurtakeszi-Izsa" title="Battle of Hetény-Kurtakeszi-Izsa">Izsa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>The <b>First battle of Komárom</b> was one of the most important battles of the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_War_of_Independence" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian War of Independence">Hungarian War of Independence</a>, fought on 26 April 1849, between the Hungarian and the <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Austrian Imperial</a> main armies, which some consider ended as a Hungarian victory, while others say that actually it was undecided. This battle was part of the Hungarian <a href="/wiki/Spring_Campaign" title="Spring Campaign">Spring Campaign</a>. After the revolutionary army attacked and broke the Austrian siege of the fortress, the Imperials, having received reinforcements which made them numerically very superior to their enemies, successfully counterattacked, but after stabilising their situation, they retreated towards <a href="/wiki/Gy%C5%91r" title="Győr">Győr</a>, leaving the trenches and much of their siege artillery in Hungarian hands. By this battle the Hungarian revolutionary army relieved the fortress of Komárom from a very long imperial siege, and forced the enemy to retreat to the westernmost margin of the Kingdom of Hungary. After this battle, following a long debate among the Hungarian military and political leaders about whether to continue their advance towards Vienna, the Habsburg capital, or towards the Hungarian capital, <a href="/wiki/Buda" title="Buda">Buda</a>, whose fortress was still held by the Austrians, the second option was chosen. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The main purpose of the 1849 Hungarian Spring Campaign led by Artúr Görgei was to push the Habsburg main armies out of Hungary towards Vienna. The first phase of the Spring Campaign was successful, and the Hungarian victory at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Isaszeg_(1849)" title="Battle of Isaszeg (1849)">Isaszeg</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (6 April 1849), forced the imperial forces to retreat from the territory east of the Hungarian capitals <a href="/wiki/Pest,_Hungary" title="Pest, Hungary">Pest</a> and Buda. On 7 April 1849 the Hungarian commanders elaborated another plan for the second phase of the campaign. According to this the Hungarian army was to split: General <a href="/wiki/Lajos_Aulich" title="Lajos Aulich">Lajos Aulich</a> remained in front of Pest with his Hungarian II <a href="/wiki/Corps" title="Corps">Corps</a> and Colonel Lajos Asbóth's <a href="/wiki/Division_(military)" title="Division (military)">division</a>, demonstrating to make the imperials believe that the whole Hungarian army was there; thus diverting their attention from the north, where the real Hungarian attack was to start with I, III and VII Corps moving west along the northern bank of the <a href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">Danube</a> to Komárom, to relieve it from the imperial siege.<sup id="cite_ref-auto6_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto6-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Kmety" title="György Kmety">Kmety</a>'s division of VII Corps was to cover the three corps's march, and after I and III Corps had occupied Vác, that division was to secure the town, while the rest of the troops together with the two remaining divisions of VII Corps were to advance to the <a href="/wiki/Hron" title="Hron">Garam</a> river, then head south to relieve the northern section of the Austrian siege of the fortress of Komárom.<sup id="cite_ref-auto6_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto6-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After this, they had to cross the Danube and relieve the southern section of the siege. In the event that all this was completed successfully, the imperials would have only two choices: to retreat from Middle Hungary towards Vienna, or to face encirclement in the Hungarian capitals.<sup id="cite_ref-auto6_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto6-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This plan was very risky (as was the first plan of the Spring Campaign too) because if <a href="/wiki/Alfred_I,_Prince_of_Windisch-Gr%C3%A4tz" title="Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz">Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz</a> had discovered that only one Hungarian corps remained in front of Pest, he could have attacked and destroyed Aulich's force, and thereby could easily cut the lines of communication of the main Hungarian army, and even occupy <a href="/wiki/Debrecen" title="Debrecen">Debrecen</a>, the seat of the Hungarian Revolutionary Parliament and the National Defense Committee (interim government of Hungary); or he could encircle the three corps advancing to relieve Komárom.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To secure the success of the Hungarian army, the National Defense Committee sent 100 wagons of munitions from Debrecen.<sup id="cite_ref-auto9_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto9-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_V%C3%A1c_(1849)" title="First Battle of Vác (1849)">Battle of Vác</a> on 10 April the Hungarian III Corps, led by <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1nos_Damjanich" title="János Damjanich">János Damjanich</a> defeated Ramberg's <a href="/wiki/Division_(military)" title="Division (military)">division</a> led by Major General Christian Götz, who was mortally wounded.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Balthasar_von_Simunich_1857.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Balthasar_von_Simunich_1857.png/220px-Balthasar_von_Simunich_1857.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="339" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Balthasar_von_Simunich_1857.png/330px-Balthasar_von_Simunich_1857.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Balthasar_von_Simunich_1857.png/440px-Balthasar_von_Simunich_1857.png 2x" data-file-width="888" data-file-height="1368" /></a><figcaption>Balthasar von Simunich 1857</figcaption></figure> <p>Even after this battle, the imperial high command led by Field Marshal <a href="/wiki/Alfred_I,_Prince_of_Windisch-Gr%C3%A4tz" title="Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz">Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz</a> was unsure whether the main Hungarian army was still in front of Pest or had already moved north to relieve Komárom. They still thought it possible that it was only a subsidiary formation that had attacked Vác and was moving towards the besieged Hungarian fortress.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When Windisch-Grätz finally seemed to grasp what was really happening, he wanted to make a powerful attack against the Hungarians at Pest on 14 April, then to cross the Danube at <a href="/wiki/Esztergom" title="Esztergom">Esztergom</a>, and cut across the path of the army which was marching towards Komárom, but his corps commanders, General <a href="/wiki/Franz_Schlik" title="Franz Schlik">Franz Schlik</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Field_Marshal" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant Field Marshal">Lieutenant Field Marshal</a> <a href="/wiki/Josip_Jela%C4%8Di%C4%87" title="Josip Jelačić">Josip Jelačić</a> refused to obey his commands, so his plan, which could have caused serious problems for the Hungarian armies, was not realized.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:G%C3%B6rgei_Art%C3%BAr_(Barab%C3%A1s_Mikl%C3%B3s_metszete,_1849).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/G%C3%B6rgei_Art%C3%BAr_%28Barab%C3%A1s_Mikl%C3%B3s_metszete%2C_1849%29.jpg/220px-G%C3%B6rgei_Art%C3%BAr_%28Barab%C3%A1s_Mikl%C3%B3s_metszete%2C_1849%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="354" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/G%C3%B6rgei_Art%C3%BAr_%28Barab%C3%A1s_Mikl%C3%B3s_metszete%2C_1849%29.jpg/330px-G%C3%B6rgei_Art%C3%BAr_%28Barab%C3%A1s_Mikl%C3%B3s_metszete%2C_1849%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/G%C3%B6rgei_Art%C3%BAr_%28Barab%C3%A1s_Mikl%C3%B3s_metszete%2C_1849%29.jpg/440px-G%C3%B6rgei_Art%C3%BAr_%28Barab%C3%A1s_Mikl%C3%B3s_metszete%2C_1849%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1451" data-file-height="2337" /></a><figcaption>Görgey Artúr litográfia Barabás</figcaption></figure> <p>Because of his series of defeats at the hands of the Hungarians from the start of the Spring Campaign, on 12 April emperor <a href="/wiki/Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria" title="Franz Joseph I of Austria">Franz Joseph I of Austria</a> relieved Windisch-Grätz of his command. <a href="/wiki/Feldzeugmeister" class="mw-redirect" title="Feldzeugmeister">Feldzeugmeister</a> <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_von_Welden" title="Ludwig von Welden">Ludwig von Welden</a>, the former military governor of Vienna, was designated commander-in-chief in his place, but until Welden arrived, Windisch-Grätz had to hand over to Lieutenant Field Marshal Josip Jelačić as interim commander of the imperial armies in Hungary.<sup id="cite_ref-auto12_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto12-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But this change in the <a href="/wiki/Leadership" title="Leadership">leadership</a> of the imperial forces did not bring lucidity and organization to the imperial high command, because the first order Jelačić gave after his interim command began was to call off Windisch-Grätz's plan of concentrating the imperial armies around Esztergom, and to end any chance of carrying out this by no means bad plan.<sup id="cite_ref-auto12_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto12-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Franz_Schlik.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Franz_Schlik.JPG/220px-Franz_Schlik.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Franz_Schlik.JPG/330px-Franz_Schlik.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Franz_Schlik.JPG/440px-Franz_Schlik.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1360" data-file-height="1725" /></a><figcaption>Franz Schlik</figcaption></figure> <p>Görgey, who had installed his headquarters in Győr after the battle there, ordered Damjanich's III Corps to advance towards <a href="/wiki/Levice" title="Levice">Léva</a> on 11 April, and Klapka's I Corps on the 12th. Their place in Vác was taken by VII Corps under András Gáspár, then after that too departed on the same way, Vác was occupied by György Kmety's division.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 15–17 April the Hungarian army consisting of Klapka's I Corps, Damjanich's III Corps, and two divisions of VII Corps reached the Garam river, under the overall leadership of General Artúr Görgei.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Here, on 19 April, at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nagysall%C3%B3" title="Battle of Nagysalló">Nagysalló</a>, they met with the troops of <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant General">Lieutenant General</a> <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_von_Wohlgemuth" title="Ludwig von Wohlgemuth">Ludwig von Wohlgemuth</a> and his new imperial troops mustered from the following Habsburg hereditary lands: <a href="/wiki/Styria" title="Styria">Styria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bohemia" title="Bohemia">Bohemia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moravia" title="Moravia">Moravia</a> and the capital <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>, and reinforced with Jablonowski's division (which had fought in the Battle of Vác 10 days earlier). The imperials were defeated and retreated towards <a href="/wiki/Nov%C3%A9_Z%C3%A1mky" title="Nové Zámky">Érsekújvár</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Hungarian victory of Nagysalló brought about serious results. It opened the way towards Komárom, bringing its relief to within just a couple of days’ march.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time it put the imperials in the situation of being incapable of stretching their troops across the very large front which this Hungarian victory created, so instead of uniting their troops around Pest and Buda, as they had planned, Feldzeugmeister Welden had to order the retreat from Pest which was in danger of being caught in the Hungarian pincers.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When he learned about the defeat on the morning of 20 April, he wrote to Lieutenant General Balthasar Simunich, the commander of the forces besieging Komárom, and to <a href="/wiki/Prince_Felix_of_Schwarzenberg" title="Prince Felix of Schwarzenberg">Prince Felix of Schwarzenberg</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Minister-President_of_the_Austrian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister-President of the Austrian Empire">Minister-President of the Austrian Empire</a>, telling them that in order to secure <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bratislava" title="Bratislava">Pozsony</a> from a Hungarian attack he was forced to withdraw the imperial forces from Pest and even from Komárom.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also wrote that the morale of the imperial troops was very low, and because of this they could not fight another battle for a while without suffering another defeat.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> So the next day he ordered the evacuation of Pest, leaving a substantial garrison in the fortress of Buda to defend it against Hungarian attack. He ordered Jelačić to remain for a while in Pest, and then to retreat towards <a href="/wiki/Osijek" title="Osijek">Eszék</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ba%C4%8Dka" title="Bačka">Bácska</a>, where the Serbian insurgents, allied with the Austrians, were in a grave situation after the victories of the Hungarian armies led by <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B3r_Perczel" title="Mór Perczel">Mór Perczel</a> and <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Bem" title="Józef Bem">Józef Bem</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prelude">Prelude</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Prelude"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> On 20 April the Hungarian VII Corps reached Nagybénye, then <a href="/wiki/Kamen%C3%ADn" title="Kamenín">Kéménd</a>, where it encountered a brigade of the Imperial II Corps led by <a href="/wiki/Major_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Major General">Major General</a> Franz Wyss coming from <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0t%C3%BArovo" title="Štúrovo">Párkány</a>. The Austrians were forced to cross the Danube and retreat to Esztergom, but <a href="/wiki/General" class="mw-redirect" title="General">General</a> <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A1s_G%C3%A1sp%C3%A1r_(general)" title="András Gáspár (general)">András Gáspár</a> did not send his cavalry to pursue the enemy, </p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kom%C3%A1rom,_kirohan%C3%A1s_a_v%C3%A1rb%C3%B3l_1849_%C3%A1pr_24.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Kom%C3%A1rom%2C_kirohan%C3%A1s_a_v%C3%A1rb%C3%B3l_1849_%C3%A1pr_24.jpg/220px-Kom%C3%A1rom%2C_kirohan%C3%A1s_a_v%C3%A1rb%C3%B3l_1849_%C3%A1pr_24.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Kom%C3%A1rom%2C_kirohan%C3%A1s_a_v%C3%A1rb%C3%B3l_1849_%C3%A1pr_24.jpg/330px-Kom%C3%A1rom%2C_kirohan%C3%A1s_a_v%C3%A1rb%C3%B3l_1849_%C3%A1pr_24.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Kom%C3%A1rom%2C_kirohan%C3%A1s_a_v%C3%A1rb%C3%B3l_1849_%C3%A1pr_24.jpg/440px-Kom%C3%A1rom%2C_kirohan%C3%A1s_a_v%C3%A1rb%C3%B3l_1849_%C3%A1pr_24.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2157" data-file-height="1665" /></a><figcaption>The sortie of the Hungarian hussars from Komárom, and breaking of the Austrian imperial siege around the fortress at 22 April 1849</figcaption></figure><p> even though he had the chance to cause them heavy losses.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Friedrich_Hohe,_Szerelmey_Mikl%C3%B3s%CB%90_Hungarian_camp_in_April_1849_in_front_of_Kom%C3%A1rom._In_the_middle_on_a_white_horse_is_Gy%C3%B6rgy_Klapka,_in_the_left_side_on_a_black_horse_is_J%C3%A1nos_Damjanich.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Friedrich_Hohe%2C_Szerelmey_Mikl%C3%B3s%CB%90_Hungarian_camp_in_April_1849_in_front_of_Kom%C3%A1rom._In_the_middle_on_a_white_horse_is_Gy%C3%B6rgy_Klapka%2C_in_the_left_side_on_a_black_horse_is_J%C3%A1nos_Damjanich.jpg/310px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Friedrich_Hohe%2C_Szerelmey_Mikl%C3%B3s%CB%90_Hungarian_camp_in_April_1849_in_front_of_Kom%C3%A1rom._In_the_middle_on_a_white_horse_is_Gy%C3%B6rgy_Klapka%2C_in_the_left_side_on_a_black_horse_is_J%C3%A1nos_Damjanich.jpg/465px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Friedrich_Hohe%2C_Szerelmey_Mikl%C3%B3s%CB%90_Hungarian_camp_in_April_1849_in_front_of_Kom%C3%A1rom._In_the_middle_on_a_white_horse_is_Gy%C3%B6rgy_Klapka%2C_in_the_left_side_on_a_black_horse_is_J%C3%A1nos_Damjanich.jpg/620px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8788" data-file-height="6272" /></a><figcaption>Szeremley Miklósː Hungarian camp at Komárom after 20 April 1849. In the middle on a white horse is György Klapka, at left on a black horse is János Damjanich.</figcaption></figure> <p>On 20 April, the Hungarian I and III Corps started their march towards Komárom.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 22 April, the two Hungarian corps reached Komárom, breaking the northern section of the imperial blockade around the fortress.<sup id="cite_ref-auto15_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto15-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the same day, the garrison of Komárom broke out from the Nádor defense line against Sossay's brigade on the <a href="/wiki/Csall%C3%B3k%C3%B6z" class="mw-redirect" title="Csallóköz">Csallóköz</a>, forcing the imperials to retreat to <a href="/wiki/Csall%C3%B3k%C3%B6zaranyos" class="mw-redirect" title="Csallóközaranyos">Csallóközaranyos</a>, then to <a href="/wiki/Topo%C4%BEn%C3%ADky" title="Topoľníky">Nyárasd</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto15_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto15-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The imperials lost 50 men and 30 horses,<sup id="cite_ref-auto15_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto15-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> losing also the connection with the Austrian siege corps from the right bank of the Danube, as the result of the fact that the Hungarian sortie troops, under the command of General <a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A1nos_Lenkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="János Lenkey (page does not exist)">János Lenkey</a>, destroyed the bridge from Lovad across the Danube.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hearing that Lieutenant General Wohlgemuth, who had retreated west of the river <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1h" title="Váh">Vág</a>, after his defeat at Nagysalló, was now advancing east again towards Érsekújvár, Görgei ordered the newly arrived VII Corps to deploy at <a href="/wiki/Perbete" class="mw-redirect" title="Perbete">Perbete</a>, to secure the rear of the Hungarian army against possible attack.<sup id="cite_ref-auto15_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto15-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rest of the Hungarian corps were waiting the raft bridge over the Danube to be finished, which after intense work, was finished in the night of 25 to 26 April.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Hungarian <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_staff" title="Chief of staff">chief of staff</a> Colonel József Bayer was designed to elaborate the battle plan for the liberation of Komárom, but, because he was against this maneuver, called in sick, so General György Klapka assumed this responsibility.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to this, five brigades were to cross the Danube during the night of 25/26 April: Kiss's and Kökényessy's brigades were to cross on the raft bridge constructed in haste to replace the pontoon bridge destroyed by the Imperials, and to deploy in the bridgehead to the right of the so-called Star rampart (Csillagsánc); then they were to be followed by Sulcz's and Zákó's brigades of I Corps deploying on their right, occupying the redoubts on the right wing of the fortress; and Dipold's brigade was to cross before midnight on boats and prepare to attack towards Újszőny. The attack was to be started by Colonel Pál Kiss's brigade against the Monostor fortress, also known as the Sandberg, with Kökényessy's brigade in support.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lieutenant-Colonel Bódog Bátori Sulcz's brigade was to attack and take Újszőny. Then all these brigades were to attack the open ground beyond the Monostor, while a strong detachment sent across the river from the Danube island by Major General Richard Guyon was to attack the Imperials in the rear.[31] With this plan Görgei hoped to occupy all the Austrian siege fortifications and the surrounding heights, and after the arrival of the remaining infantry units, cavalry and artillery of I and III Corps, then to start a general attack supported by VII Corps, and to push the Imperials towards Győr, while VII Corps was to remain in reserve.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kom%C3%A1rom.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Kom%C3%A1rom.jpg/220px-Kom%C3%A1rom.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Kom%C3%A1rom.jpg/330px-Kom%C3%A1rom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Kom%C3%A1rom.jpg/440px-Kom%C3%A1rom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9280" data-file-height="8816" /></a><figcaption>The location of the First Battle of Komárom (26 April 1849) on the Second Military Survey of Austro-Hungary (1806–1869)</figcaption></figure> <p>In the meantime on 21 April Lieutenant General Balthasar von Simunich wrote to Lieutenant General <a href="/wiki/Anton_Csorich" title="Anton Csorich">Anton Csorich</a>, that Görgei had entered Komárom that day, and that an attack on the Imperial besieging forces on the southern bank of the Danube was imminent. He therefore asked his colleague to send him cavalry and artillery reinforcements.<sup id="cite_ref-auto15_19-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto15-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the 24th he informed Csorich that the Hungarians had reconstructed the bridge across the Danube, and had started to cross the river on it and on rafts. He asked Csorich to bring his troops to Herkálypuszta by the morning of 25 April at the latest, to help him against the Hungarian attack.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kom%C3%A1rom_1849.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Kom%C3%A1rom_1849.jpg/220px-Kom%C3%A1rom_1849.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Kom%C3%A1rom_1849.jpg/330px-Kom%C3%A1rom_1849.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Kom%C3%A1rom_1849.jpg/440px-Kom%C3%A1rom_1849.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2850" data-file-height="2210" /></a><figcaption>Komárom 1849</figcaption></figure> <p>In accordance with Feldzeugmeister Ludwig von Welden's orders as outlined above, the Imperial troops completed their evacuation of Pest on 23 April, whereupon General <a href="/wiki/Lajos_Aulich" title="Lajos Aulich">Lajos Aulich</a> and his Hungarian II Corps entered the city on 25 April. Welden ordered <a href="/wiki/Major_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Major General">Major General</a> Franz Wyss to move his brigade to <a href="/wiki/Tata,_Hungary" title="Tata, Hungary">Tata</a>, Major General Franz de Paula Gundaccar II von Colloredo-Mannsfeld to have his brigade retreat from Esztergom to <a href="/wiki/Dorog" title="Dorog">Dorog</a>, and Schwarzenberg's division to move from Buda to Esztergom, thus withdrawing all Austrian troops from the region of the <a href="/wiki/Danube_Bend" title="Danube Bend">Danube Bend</a> (except the garrison of Buda under Major General <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Hentzi" title="Heinrich Hentzi">Heinrich Hentzi</a>) and concentrating them around and near Komárom, to be available in the event of a battle at Komárom.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Welden had finally understood that the Hungarian forces east of Pest (Aulich's II Corps) were not so overwhelming as to be a real threat to the imperials if they retreated from their secure positions in Pest and the Danube Bend towards Komárom.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is why they could concentrate around Komárom, to resist the main Hungarian force preparing to attack them there. But Görgei hoped that his deception plan was still working, which is why he ordered the crossing of the Danube to attack the Austrians concentrated there, hoping to use his supposed numerical superiority to destroy them, and thereby to encircle those forces which he thought were still in the Danube Bend.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was warned by his chief of general staff Colonel József Bayer, among others, that crossing south of the Danube was a very risky plan, but Görgei would not change his mind.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opposing_forces">Opposing forces</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Opposing forces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><b>The Hungarian army</b></span> </p><p><b>Left wing</b><br /> <i>Major General György Klapka</i> </p><p>I. corps;<br /> 1. division;<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Dipold brigade: 6. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 782 soldiers), 26. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 668 soldiers), 52. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 645 soldiers), 6. six-pounder cavalry battery (160 soldiers, 120 horses, 8 cannons) = 2255 soldiers, 120 horses, 8 cannons;</li> <li>Bobich brigade: 28. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 820 soldiers), 44. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 930 soldiers), 47. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 840 soldiers), 1. six-pounder cavalry battery (64 soldiers, 107 horses, 8 cannons) = 2654 soldiers, 107 horses, 8 cannons;</li></ul> <p>2. division; </p> <ul><li>Artillery of the division: 1/2 twelve-pounder battery (87 soldiers, 60 horses, 4 cannons), 4. six-pounder infantry battery (74 soldiers, 108 horses, 8 cannons) = 161 soldiers, 168 horses, 12 cannons;</li> <li>Cavalry led by Major General <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zsef_Nagys%C3%A1ndor" title="József Nagysándor">József Nagysándor</a>: Colonel and 1. Major class of the 8. (Coburg) Hussar Regiment (4 companies: 442 soldiers, 442 horses).</li></ul> <p>III. corps </p> <ul><li>Cavalry: 2 (Hannover) Hussar Regiment (4 companies: 440 soldiers, 440 horses), 3 (Ferdinand d'Este) Hussar Regiment (3 companies: 352 soldiers, 352 horses), Polish <a href="/wiki/Uhlan" title="Uhlan">uhlans</a> (1 company: 82 soldiers, 82 horses), 3. six-pounder cavalry battery (123 soldiers, 96 horses, 6 cannons) = 1399 soldiers, 1372 horses, 6 cannons;</li></ul> <p><b>Center</b><br /> <i>Major General János Damjanich</i> </p><p>I. corps;<br /> 2. Kazinczy division; </p> <ul><li>Bátori-Sulcz brigade: 19. Honvéd battalion (4 companies: 226 soldiers), <a href="/wiki/Sapper" title="Sapper">sappers</a> (2 companies: 206 soldiers) = 432 soldiers;</li> <li>Zákó brigade: 34. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 790 soldiers);</li></ul> <p>III. corps;<br /> 1. (Knezić) division; </p> <ul><li>Kiss brigade: 9. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 738 soldiers), 1. battalion of the 34. (Prince of Prussia) infantry regiment (4 companies: 401 soldiers), 3. battalion of the 34. (Prince of Prussia) infantry regiment (6 companies: 636 soldiers), 5. six-pounder cavalry battery (153 soldiers, 117 horses, 8 cannons) = 1928 soldiers, 117 horses, 8 cannons;</li> <li>Kökényesi brigade: 3. battalion of the 52. (Franz Karl) infantry regiment (6 companies: 795 soldiers), 65. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 837 soldiers), Selmec jägers (1 company: 93 soldiers), sappers (4 companies: 376 soldiers),1/2 <a href="/wiki/Congreve_rocket" title="Congreve rocket">Congreve rocket</a> battery (36 soldiers, 12 horses, 2 rocket launching racks) = 2137 soldiers, 12 horses, 2 rocket launching racks;</li></ul> <p>2. (Wysocki) division; </p> <ul><li>Czillich brigade: 3. battalion of the 60. (Wasa) infantry regiment (6 companies: 701 soldiers), 42. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 649 soldiers), Polish Legion (6 companies: 510 soldiers), 4. six-pounder infantry battery (151 soldiers, 108 horses, 8 cannons) = 2011 soldiers, 108 horses, 8 cannons;</li> <li>Leiningen brigade: 3. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 865 soldiers), 19. battalion of the 60. (Schwarzenberg) infantry regiment (6 companies: 651 soldiers), 7. six-pounder infantry battery (118 soldiers, 73 horses, 6 cannons) = 1634 soldiers, 73 horses, 6 cannons;</li></ul> <p>Detached units of the VIII. corps<br /> Major General <a href="/wiki/Richard_Guyon" title="Richard Guyon">Richard Guyon</a>: 64. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 1022 soldiers), 57. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 1208 soldiers) = 2230 soldiers; </p><p><b>Right wing</b><br /> <i>Major General Artúr Görgei</i> </p><p>I. corps;<br /> 2. Kazinczy division; </p> <ul><li>Bátori-Sulcz brigade: 17. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 844 soldiers), <a href="/wiki/Sapper" title="Sapper">sappers</a> (2 companies: 206 soldiers), 3. battalion of the 39. infantry regiment (6 companies: 580 soldiers), 1. twelve-pounder 1/2 battery (87 soldiers, 60 horses, 4 cannons) = 1511 soldiers, 60 horses, 4 cannons;</li> <li>Cavalry: 1 (Imperial) Hussar Regiment (8 companies: 840 soldiers, 840 horses), unknown Hussar Regiment (1/2 companies: ? soldiers, ? horses), Polish <a href="/wiki/Uhlan" title="Uhlan">uhlans</a> (1 company: 82 soldiers, 82 horses), unknown half battery from the I. corps (? soldiers, ? horses, 3-4 cannons) = 2351+? soldiers, 900+? horses, 7-8 cannons;</li></ul> <p>Detached units of the VIII. corps<br /> Major General <a href="/wiki/Richard_Guyon" title="Richard Guyon">Richard Guyon</a>: 70. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 1045 soldiers), 71. Honvéd battalion (6 companies: 974 soldiers) = 2019 soldiers; </p><p><b>Units of unknown dislocation</b><br /> Cavalry of the I. corps: 13 (Hunyadi) Hussar Regiment (2 companies: 212 soldiers, 212 horses), 14 (Lehel) Hussar Regiment (2 companies: 168 soldiers, 168 horses) = 280 soldiers, 380 horses;<br /> Cavalry of the III. corps: 2 (Hannover) Hussar Regiment (4 companies: 400 soldiers, 400 horses), 3 (Ferdinand d'Este) Hussar Regiment (1 company: 117 soldiers, 117 horses) = 517 soldiers, 517 horses; </p><p><i>Disposition</i>:<br /> <i>Left flank</i>: 36 infantry companies, 12 cavalry companies, 30 cannons = 6469-? soldiers, 1276 horses with saddles, 491-? horses for wagon or cannon traction, 30 cannons;<br /> <i>Center</i>: 75 infantry companies, 24 cannons = 11162 soldiers, 310 horses for wagon or cannon traction, 24 cannons;<br /> <i>Right flank</i>: 24 infantry companies, 8 1/2 cavalry companies, 8 cannons = 4370+? soldiers, 840+? horses with saddles, 60 horses for wagon or cannon traction, 8 cannons;<br /> <i>Units of unknown dislocation</i>: , 10 1/2 cavalry companies = 897-? soldiers, 897 horses with saddles. </p><p>Total: 22,898 soldiers, 3013 horses with saddles, 861 horses for wagon or cannon traction, 62 cannons. <sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><b>The Austrian army</b></span> </p><p>I. corps<br /> - 85 infantry battalions, 22 cavalry companies = 13,489 soldiers, 2997 horses, 54 cannons;<br /> II. corps;<br /> - 77 infantry battalions, 19 cavalry companies = 12,088 soldiers, 2709 horses, 45 cannons;<br /> III. corps;<br /> - Lederer division: 44 infantry battalions, 2 cavalry companies = 7910 soldiers, 322 horses, 9 cannons; </p><p>Total: 33,487 soldiers, 3013 horses with saddles, 6028 horses for wagon or cannon traction, 108 cannons.<sup id="cite_ref-auto8_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto8-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Battle">Battle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the night of 25/26 April, at 2 o'clock<sup id="cite_ref-auto_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the morning, the Hungarian I, III, and VIII corps (this latter being the garrison of the fortress) crossed the Danube on the raft bridge they had constructed and launched a dawn attack against the enemy entrenchments around the fortress on the south bank of the river.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> First the Knezić division of the III. corps and the Zákó brigade of the I. corps crossed the Danube on the raft bridge (made a few days earlier) in the Star Trench (Csillagsánc), then the Kiss brigade occupied the trenches nr. 7. and 8. close to <a href="/wiki/Nagyigm%C3%A1nd" title="Nagyigmánd">Nagyigmánd</a>. Then General Knezić sent 34. Honvéd battalion of the Zákó brigade and a part of the 3. battalion of the 52. infantry regiment, from his division, to reinforce the Kiss brigade.<sup id="cite_ref-Hermann_987_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hermann_987-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Wysocki division, which arrived now on the battlefield became the center of the Hungarian order of battle. On the left wing, the Dipold and Bobich brigades crossed at 5:00 a.m. the Danube and attacked <a href="/wiki/Sz%C5%91ny" title="Szőny">Ószőny</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hermann_988_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hermann_988-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cavalry brigade led by General Nagysándor, reinforced by four companies of the 8. Hussar Regiment, belonging to the I. corps, was sent by General Damjanich towards Ószőny, to ensure contact with the troops from the Hungarian left wing.<sup id="cite_ref-Hermann_987_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hermann_987-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_from_26.04.1849._Fight_for_the_trenches.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_from_26.04.1849._Fight_for_the_trenches.jpg/300px-Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_from_26.04.1849._Fight_for_the_trenches.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_from_26.04.1849._Fight_for_the_trenches.jpg/450px-Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_from_26.04.1849._Fight_for_the_trenches.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_from_26.04.1849._Fight_for_the_trenches.jpg/600px-Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_from_26.04.1849._Fight_for_the_trenches.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7442" data-file-height="5322" /></a><figcaption>Battle of Komárom from 26 April 1849. The Hungarians storm the Austrian siege fortifications</figcaption></figure> <p>After occupying the 7. and 8. trenches, Kiss's brigade turned west, and occupied <a href="/wiki/Fort_Monostor" title="Fort Monostor">Monostor</a> (in German Sandberg), probably together with the trenches nr. 4., 5., 6.,<sup id="cite_ref-Hermann_987_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hermann_987-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> capturing the enemy siege artillery, destroying the Hohenlohe battalion which was defending it, and capturing 4 officers and 350 men.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, after this, the Austrian 2. jäger battalion attacked the Kiss brigade, recapturing the trenches, but the Honvéd battalions, coming from the Hadi-Island (today Erzsébet sziget/Alžbetin Ostrov/Elisabeth island on the Southern part of the city, today part of Slovakia), led by General Richard Guyon,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> attacked them from the flank, and returned the Monostor trenches to the Hungarians.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hearing the sound of harsh clashes from the direction of Monostor, Knezić sent the 19. Honvéd battalion of the Zákó brigade to occupy Újszőny. The Honvéd battalion in question, occupied, in a heavy fight, Monostor, together with one of the trenches nr. 9. or the 10.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Sulcz and the Zákó brigades (which formed the Kazinczy division) remained behind to defend the newly occupied trenches and to support the right wing. The soldiers of the 34. Honvéd battalion installed themselves in the trenches nr. 7 and 8, the 19. Honvéd battalion the 9. or the 10., while the right wing was reinforced by the 17. Honvéd battalion, the 3. battalion of the 39. infantry regiment and two sapper companies of the Bátori-Sulcz brigade.<sup id="cite_ref-Hermann_988_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hermann_988-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Klapka detached an infantry battery and a twelve-pounder battery of the Kazinczy division, and sent them to reinforce the flanks of the army. The infantry battery and half of the twelve-pounder battery were sent to the left flank, while the other half of the latter to the right flank.<sup id="cite_ref-Hermann_988_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hermann_988-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lederer's Imperial brigade conducted a fighting withdrawal to allow the heavy siege artillery and ammunition stock to retreat behind the Concó creek.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After being pushed out of the trenches, the Austrian brigade retreated to the heights south of Monostor, where, reinforced by the 2. jäger battalion and other reinforcements, they tried to hold this position, but then they retreated behind the Concó creek, trying to establish here a strong defensive position.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the left wing, the attack of the Dipold brigade against Ószőny started a little later than it was planned: the day began to dawn. Thanks to this, the Austrian Liebler brigade noticed this and retreated toward Mocsa, but its rearguard, formed by two Deutschmeister companies, after being cut from the rest of the brigade by two Hungarian Coburg hussar companies, they surrendered without a fight.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Karik%C3%A1s_ostorral_vereked%C5%91_Hunyadi_husz%C3%A1rok.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Karik%C3%A1s_ostorral_vereked%C5%91_Hunyadi_husz%C3%A1rok.jpg/300px-Karik%C3%A1s_ostorral_vereked%C5%91_Hunyadi_husz%C3%A1rok.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Karik%C3%A1s_ostorral_vereked%C5%91_Hunyadi_husz%C3%A1rok.jpg/450px-Karik%C3%A1s_ostorral_vereked%C5%91_Hunyadi_husz%C3%A1rok.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Karik%C3%A1s_ostorral_vereked%C5%91_Hunyadi_husz%C3%A1rok.jpg/600px-Karik%C3%A1s_ostorral_vereked%C5%91_Hunyadi_husz%C3%A1rok.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1456" data-file-height="1020" /></a><figcaption>Hungarian Hunyadi Hussars fighting the Austrian army with bullwhips, in the battle of Komárom, in the manner of the <a href="/wiki/Bety%C3%A1r" title="Betyár">Betyárs</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:First_battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_26_April_1849.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/First_battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_26_April_1849.jpg/300px-First_battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_26_April_1849.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="316" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/First_battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_26_April_1849.jpg/450px-First_battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_26_April_1849.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/First_battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_26_April_1849.jpg/600px-First_battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_26_April_1849.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2850" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Map of the Battle of Komárom, 26 April 1849</figcaption></figure> <p>At 6 o'clock, the commander-in-chief Hungarian army, General Artúr Görgei arrived on the battlefield and ordered his troops to continue the advance. He commanded the right wing advancing in the <a href="/wiki/%C3%81cs" title="Ács">Ács</a>, forest, while the left wing led by General György Klapka advanced between Mocsa and Ószőny.<sup id="cite_ref-auto11_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto11-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sensing that the Honvéd battalions under the command of General Knezić, which were fighting for the trenches southwest from Komárom, were the most exposed to the enemy's attacks, and knowing that because of the Austrian siege fortifications for which they fought, made impossible the use of artillery and cavalry, Görgei went, with half of a battery and half of a Hussar company, diverted from the troops which were still crossing the bridges and marching towards the battlefield, towards Monostor.<sup id="cite_ref-Hermann_991_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hermann_991-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From Monostor, Görgei sent the half battery and the half Hussar company towards Ács, to divert the enemy's attention, which was pressuring the Hungarian center, towards the right flank.<sup id="cite_ref-Hermann_991_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hermann_991-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Then he sent the 17. Honvéd battalion and the 3. battalion of the 39. infantry regiment from the Bátori-Sulcz brigade to take a position in the trenches of Monostor. Then he sent two companies of the 17. Honvéd battalion in the vineyards beyond Monostor, and when they were attacked by Austrian troops, he sent another two companies to support them.<sup id="cite_ref-Hermann_991_38-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hermann_991-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These companies successfully repulsed the enemy attacks until, they run out of bullets, so Görgey called them back inside the trenches, where they replenished their ammunition, then he sent them back in the vineyard.<sup id="cite_ref-Hermann_991_38-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hermann_991-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly, the 8 companies of the I. Hussar regiment's 8 companies and a half battery led by colonel István Mesterházy, and two battalions of the VIII. corps (probably the 70. and 71 battalions) arrived, and thanks to this Görgei saw the chance to advance, with their help, to the main road leading to Ács, and to threaten the Austrian's retreat route.<sup id="cite_ref-Hermann_991_38-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hermann_991-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Now with the four Honvéd battalions, the hussar regiment, and the two half batteries at his disposal, Görgei led the attack against the Ács woods: the northern section was stormed by the 17. Honvéd battalion, against the southern section, were sent the 70. and 71. Honvéd battalions, and east to this the cavalry and the two half batteries pushed forward against the Austrian cavalry, while the 3. battalion of the 39. infantry regiment represented the reserve under Görgei's personal command.<sup id="cite_ref-Hermann_992_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hermann_992-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At this point, Simunich was on the verge of suffering a heavy defeat, but he was saved by the intervention of the Imperial II Corps and then the III Corps. These had retreated from Buda and Pest,<sup id="cite_ref-auto11_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto11-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as ordered by Welden five days before, after the battle of Nagysalló. Until the arrival of the III. corps the Hungarian and the imperial forces had been roughly equal (around 14,000 troops of the Hungarian I and III Corps against similar numbers from Simunich's besieging army),<sup id="cite_ref-auto10_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto10-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the addition of Schlik's III Corps created a 2:1 superiority for the Austrians.<sup id="cite_ref-auto7_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto7-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At this moment the situation was as follows: on the right wing the Hungarian Kiss brigade, reinforced by the 70. and 71. battalions from the VIII. corps was advancing towards the Ács wood<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> faced the Lederer brigade under the command of Lieutenant General Balthasar von Simunich; in the center, on the heights south and southeast of the Monostor trenches the Bátori-Sulcz brigade, face to face with the bulk of the II. and III. Austrian corps; behind the Kiss and Bátori-Sulcz stood the Kökényessy brigade; on the left wing along the road to Mocsa, stretching to Ószőny was the Dipold brigade facing the Austrian Liebler brigade. The bulk of the Hungarian cavalry, led by General Nagysándor, was on the second line behind the center, four of its companies helping the Dipold brigade. The Austrian Montenuovo cavalry brigade was heading from <a href="/wiki/Kocs" title="Kocs">Kocs</a> to Mocsa towards Nagysándor's hussars. The rest of Klapka's and Damjanich's corps, together with a part of the VIII. corps was waiting at the Danube bridgehead, while the VII. corps was heading towards Komárom from the northwest, on the left bank of the Danube, but they will not arrive until the end of the battle.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At this moment Görgei, to continue his successful advance towards Ács, summoned those troops from the Danube bridgehead, which were not used by Damjanich, depriving the left wing under Klapka, who had only one brigade (Dipold brigade) at his disposal, of any reinforcements.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After Klapka's troops, covered by the fortress artillery, had advanced to Ószőny, pushing back Liebler's brigade, but the latter, waiting until the fire of his artillery caused the Hungarians to stop,<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> then, with the help of <a href="/wiki/Franz_Schlik" title="Franz Schlik">Franz Schlik</a>’s cavalry, launched a counterattack.<sup id="cite_ref-auto11_37-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto11-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This made the Hungarians retreat in the so-called Star Fort of Komárom, but when it came within range of the Hungarian guns from the fortress of Komárom, the cannonade from these caused heavy losses to the Liebler brigade, forcing it to fall back to its initial position.<sup id="cite_ref-auto11_37-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto11-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Liebler's brigade's retreat was pursued towards Nagyigmánd by two regiments of Hungarian hussars led by Major General <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zsef_Nagys%C3%A1ndor" title="József Nagysándor">József Nagysándor</a>, supported by the 47th Honvéd <a href="/wiki/Battalion" title="Battalion">battalion</a> and a 12-pounder <a href="/wiki/Artillery_battery" title="Artillery battery">battery</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto11_37-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto11-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kom%C3%A1romi_csata_1849_%C3%A1pr_-_Copy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Kom%C3%A1romi_csata_1849_%C3%A1pr_-_Copy.jpg/300px-Kom%C3%A1romi_csata_1849_%C3%A1pr_-_Copy.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Kom%C3%A1romi_csata_1849_%C3%A1pr_-_Copy.jpg/450px-Kom%C3%A1romi_csata_1849_%C3%A1pr_-_Copy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Kom%C3%A1romi_csata_1849_%C3%A1pr_-_Copy.jpg/600px-Kom%C3%A1romi_csata_1849_%C3%A1pr_-_Copy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5553" data-file-height="4297" /></a><figcaption>Cavalry skirmish during the Battle of Komárom</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Friedrich_L%27Allemand_Kom%C3%A1romi_csata_%C3%A1pr_26.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Friedrich_L%27Allemand_Kom%C3%A1romi_csata_%C3%A1pr_26.jpg/300px-Friedrich_L%27Allemand_Kom%C3%A1romi_csata_%C3%A1pr_26.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Friedrich_L%27Allemand_Kom%C3%A1romi_csata_%C3%A1pr_26.jpg/450px-Friedrich_L%27Allemand_Kom%C3%A1romi_csata_%C3%A1pr_26.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Friedrich_L%27Allemand_Kom%C3%A1romi_csata_%C3%A1pr_26.jpg/600px-Friedrich_L%27Allemand_Kom%C3%A1romi_csata_%C3%A1pr_26.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2188" data-file-height="1448" /></a><figcaption>Friedrich L'Allemand Battle of Komárom 26 April 1849</figcaption></figure> <p>Schlik, the commander of III Corps, the senior commander, took overall command of the Imperial army, and at noon he ordered a general attack.<sup id="cite_ref-auto11_37-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto11-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His plan was not to take back the Austrian trenches and to push back the Hungarians back in their starting positions behind the walls of Komárom, but to ease the retreat of the siege corps, together with their siege equipment towards Vienna.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the left wing, Nagysándor's 16 hussar companies and the uhlans of the Polish Legion companies, which pursued the Liebler brigade, advanced on the Ószőny-Nagyigmánd road, wanting to attack Schlik's troops from the right and back.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Schlik sent against them the concentrated cavalry of Lieutenant General Franz Liechtenstein, the Nicholas <a href="/wiki/Dragoons" class="mw-redirect" title="Dragoons">dragoons</a>, and the Civalart uhlans, supported by a Congreve rocket battery. The two cavalry masses clashed southeast from the Csém grange.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the first attack participated from the Austrian side, the Kisslinger dragoon brigade and the rocket battery, while from the Hungarian side the 2. and 3. hussar regiments and the Polish uhlans, at the end of which the hussars, also attacked by the cannons of the Austrian artillery, were forced to retreat. Now the second line of the Hungarian cavalry, represented by the 3. Hussar regiment, led by Colonel Kászonyi, intending to stop at least the pursuit of the Kisslinger brigade, charged, being joined also by the hussars of the first line, which earlier retreated, but now regrouped themselves along the Mocsa-Ács road, but at this moment the Austrian Montenuovo cavalry brigade appeared from the direction of Mocsa, and attacked with the greatest vigor the hussars on their right flank, causing them to rout.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Austrian cavalry then attacked the 47. Honvéd battalion, scattering them, almost capturing the twelve-pounder battery. Luckily the 26. Honvéd battalion led by Major Beöthy came to their rescue, first firing several times, then carrying out a bayonet charge against the enemy cavalry, saving the 47. Honvéd battalion from their hopeless situation, and when Klapka ordered the Hungarian cannoneers near to them to shoot in the Austrian cavalry, Kisslinger was forced to retreat his order a retreat to his tired riders.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:5tavaszi_08_n.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/5tavaszi_08_n.jpg/300px-5tavaszi_08_n.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/5tavaszi_08_n.jpg/450px-5tavaszi_08_n.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/5tavaszi_08_n.jpg/600px-5tavaszi_08_n.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="558" /></a><figcaption>Infantry battle during the Battle of Komárom 26 April 1849</figcaption></figure><p> With this the Hungarians managed to halt the powerful imperial advance on their left wing, so the battle here continued as an artillery duel until they ran out of cannonballs.<sup id="cite_ref-auto13_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto13-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the <a href="/wiki/Adjutant" title="Adjutant">adjutants</a> of the Hungarian <a href="/wiki/Headquarters" title="Headquarters">headquarters</a>, Kálmán Rochlitz, wrote in his memoirs: "Our field artillery ran out of ammunition so that when I went to one of the batteries of I corps, I saw with my own eyes how our artillerymen picked up from the ground the cannon balls fired at us [by the enemy], wadded them with rags made of clothes ripped from the dead bodies of the fallen [soldiers], and in this way, they loaded them into the gun barrels on top of the loose gunpowder they had put in first [in the cannon tubes]."<sup id="cite_ref-auto17_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto17-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the center, no serious combats happened until the two Austrian corps arrived from the direction of Buda. The cause of this was that Damjanich, after agreeing with Görgei, to advance, with a part of the troops from the Danube bridgehead to reinforce the Bátori-Sulcz brigade, faced in front of him, a terrain, which was very accidented and filled with the siege trenches of the Austrians, which made the advance of the cavalry and artillery almost impossible, so, to enable this, they had to be filled with earth.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When Damjanich, around 9:00 a.m., finally arrived on the battlefield, he saw in front of him, between Herkály and Csém, the newly arrived Austrian troops under the leadership of General Schlik, fully deployed, and ready for the battle.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> And when Damjanich started the deployment of his troops, the Austrian artillery unleashed a harsh cannonade against the Hungarians, causing them losses and difficulties.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But when the Hungarians finished their deployment, they managed to stabilize the situation,<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although the center under Damjanich's command was attacked from two sides by the numerically superior imperial II and III Corps.<sup id="cite_ref-auto5_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto5-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fight in the center continued as an artillery duel.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Schlik's orders, Simunich ordered Lederer to advance again in the Ács woods, and attack Görgei's 4 battalions and 10 cavalry companies.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because he did not expect any serious attack from the direction of Ács, Görgei sent only a few units to hold the Ács forest, deploying the bulk of his troops on the heights southeast to the forest.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the Lederer brigade entered again in the forest, the Hungarian units were pushed out of it, so Görgei sent the 9., 17., 19, and 65 Honvéd battalions, together with the 3. battalions of the 19. and 60. infantry regiments, to recapture the forest, but although they achieved temporary successes, they had to retreat because they were not enough coordinated.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the right wing, during another attack of the troops of Görgei, when they approached the Ács forest at 600-750 paces, he received a report from Damjanich, who commanded the center, that Simunich's corps received considerable reinforcements, the cavalry under Nagysándor was pushed back, and Klapka retreats on the left flank, so he understood that he has no other choice, but to start the retreat gradually towards the Monostor trenches, and to hold them at all cost.<sup id="cite_ref-Hermann_992_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hermann_992-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Görgei also started to feel the Austrian pressure in the substantial increase of the Austrian artillery shootings, right at the moment when 6 of his 8 batteries run out of ammunition.<sup id="cite_ref-Hermann_992_39-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hermann_992-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Görgei's battalions in the Ács forest were subjected to ever-increasing pressure from the ever-increasing number of imperials, who appeared in this place in greater and greater numbers because General Franz Schlik had already given the order to retreat to the west after the battle, preventing the Hungarian commander from achieving success here.<sup id="cite_ref-auto11_37-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto11-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Being informed that the Austrian center started to push the severely outnumbered Damjanich with its infantry and also because of the VII. corps did not arrive on the battlefield, around 1:00 p.m., Görgei decided to give the order to all his troops to retreat behind the imperial siege trenches around Komárom, captured by his troops at the beginning of the battle, and wait for reinforcements.<sup id="cite_ref-auto5_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto5-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Schlik, after achieving his purpose to secure the retreat of the Simunich siege corps and a part of its artillery and ammunition (as mentioned earlier, the Hungarians captured 7 siege mortars), ordered to his infantry and cavalry to pull back, and continued an artillery duel with the Hungarians until 3:00 p.m., when the ammunition ended on both sides, then started the march towards the western border of Hungary.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kom%C3%A1romi_csat%C3%A1ban_%C3%A1prilis_26-%C3%A1n_s%C3%BAlyosan_sebes%C3%BClt_dragonyos_tiszt_%C3%A9s_az_%C5%91t_menek%C3%ADt%C5%91_katon%C3%A1i.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Kom%C3%A1romi_csat%C3%A1ban_%C3%A1prilis_26-%C3%A1n_s%C3%BAlyosan_sebes%C3%BClt_dragonyos_tiszt_%C3%A9s_az_%C5%91t_menek%C3%ADt%C5%91_katon%C3%A1i.jpg/300px-Kom%C3%A1romi_csat%C3%A1ban_%C3%A1prilis_26-%C3%A1n_s%C3%BAlyosan_sebes%C3%BClt_dragonyos_tiszt_%C3%A9s_az_%C5%91t_menek%C3%ADt%C5%91_katon%C3%A1i.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Kom%C3%A1romi_csat%C3%A1ban_%C3%A1prilis_26-%C3%A1n_s%C3%BAlyosan_sebes%C3%BClt_dragonyos_tiszt_%C3%A9s_az_%C5%91t_menek%C3%ADt%C5%91_katon%C3%A1i.jpg/450px-Kom%C3%A1romi_csat%C3%A1ban_%C3%A1prilis_26-%C3%A1n_s%C3%BAlyosan_sebes%C3%BClt_dragonyos_tiszt_%C3%A9s_az_%C5%91t_menek%C3%ADt%C5%91_katon%C3%A1i.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Kom%C3%A1romi_csat%C3%A1ban_%C3%A1prilis_26-%C3%A1n_s%C3%BAlyosan_sebes%C3%BClt_dragonyos_tiszt_%C3%A9s_az_%C5%91t_menek%C3%ADt%C5%91_katon%C3%A1i.jpg/600px-Kom%C3%A1romi_csat%C3%A1ban_%C3%A1prilis_26-%C3%A1n_s%C3%BAlyosan_sebes%C3%BClt_dragonyos_tiszt_%C3%A9s_az_%C5%91t_menek%C3%ADt%C5%91_katon%C3%A1i.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3241" data-file-height="2465" /></a><figcaption>An Austrian cuirassier officer heavily wounded in the Battle of Komárom</figcaption></figure> <p>So the battle effectively ended at 1 p.m.<sup id="cite_ref-auto5_44-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto5-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At sunrise Görgei had sent an order which was reiterated at 9 o'clock by his chief of staff <a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">Colonel</a> József Bayer to <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant-Colonel" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant-Colonel">Lieutenant-Colonel</a> <a href="/wiki/Ern%C5%91_Poeltenberg" title="Ernő Poeltenberg">Ernő Poeltenberg</a>, (the new commander of VII corps, in place of General <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A1s_G%C3%A1sp%C3%A1r_(general)" title="András Gáspár (general)">András Gáspár</a>, who had gone on leave not long before) to come quickly to Komárom from where VII Corps was stationed at Perbete <a href="/wiki/Perbete" class="mw-redirect" title="Perbete">Perbete</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto17_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto17-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Poeltenberg came as fast as he could, but his troops’ movements were slowed by the fact that the roads were flooded because of the spring rains, and when they reached the north bank of the Danube, the raft bridge improvised by Görgei's sappers had almost collapsed and had to be strengthened before they could finish crossing to the south bank.<sup id="cite_ref-auto5_44-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto5-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> So Poeltenberg's two Hussar <a href="/wiki/Regiment" title="Regiment">regiments</a> and cavalry batteries only reached the battlefield at 3 o'clock when the battle was already over,<sup id="cite_ref-auto5_44-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto5-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the infantry divisions did not arrive until evening. They set off that night towards <a href="/wiki/Gy%C5%91r" title="Győr">Győr</a>, to pursue the enemy and to occupy that very important city.<sup id="cite_ref-auto7_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto7-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the arrival of Schlik's III Corps, Görgei, who before the battle had thought that his army would only face Simunich's siege corps, now expected the whole imperial main army to attack him. He, therefore, decided to face the foe from within the siege trenches with the fortress behind him, the latter still having enough ammunition (while his field artillery and the captured siege artillery had run out, as mentioned above), with which he hoped to withstand such a powerful attack.<sup id="cite_ref-auto17_43-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto17-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He did not know that Welden had sent Jelačić's corps to southern Hungary<sup id="cite_ref-auto7_41-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto7-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to help the Serbian insurgents, Austrian allies who were in a grave situation after the victories of the Hungarian armies led by Mór Perczel and Józef Bem,<sup id="cite_ref-auto15_19-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto15-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and had sent II Corps to <a href="/wiki/Sopron" title="Sopron">Sopron</a> through <a href="/wiki/Veszpr%C3%A9m" title="Veszprém">Veszprém</a> and <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1pa" title="Pápa">Pápa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto7_41-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto7-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The imperial army used its final attack only to pin the Hungarians to cover their withdrawal towards Pozsony and Vienna and avoid heavy losses during their retreat. The Hungarian hussars still pursued, but on their tired horses were unable to achieve any significant result.<sup id="cite_ref-auto5_44-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto5-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Schlik ordered the imperial troops to move towards Győr from Ács along the road which they had secured during the battle, to arrive near the border safely.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Besides their casualties in dead, wounded and prisoners, they lost 7 siege cannons and <a href="/wiki/Mortar_(weapon)" title="Mortar (weapon)">mortars</a>, a huge amount of food and ammunition, and all of their tentage.<sup id="cite_ref-auto4_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto4-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_outcome_of_the_battle">The outcome of the battle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: The outcome of the battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 21st volume of József Bánlaky's monumental Military History of the Hungarian Nation (A magyar nemzet hadtörténete), although he does not make an explicit judgement about the result of the battle, by quoting Görgei's report to the Hungarian government in which the Hungarian commander calls a victory, albeit without comment, Bánlaky's tacitly accepts Görgei's opinion.<sup id="cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his book about Görgei's military career, László Pusztaszeri speaks about the "failure to achieve a decisive victory",<sup id="cite_ref-auto7_41-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto7-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> showing that he tends to regards this battle as a victory but not a decisive one. In an article in the Hungarian historical magazine Rubicon, Tamás Tarján also considers this battle a Hungarian victory.<sup id="cite_ref-Tarján_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tarján-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Róbert Hermann's opinion is that, although the Hungarian army accomplishing its immediate tactical purpose of relieving the very important fortress, the Battle of Komárom on 26 April 1849 can be viewed rather as an indecisive battle, because the imperial plan beforehand was to abandon the siege anyway and to retreat towards Pozsony and Vienna; thus the Hungarians did not impose their will on the enemy, but just forced them to retreat a few days earlier than planned.<sup id="cite_ref-auto5_44-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto5-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Hungarian plan to surround and destroy the imperial force failed because of the arrival and attack of Schlik's III Corps. But the loss of much of the siege artillery, and of a whole <a href="/wiki/Grenadier" title="Grenadier">grenadier</a> division,<sup id="cite_ref-auto5_44-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto5-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a huge amount of food, ammunition, 7 heavy siege cannons and mortars, and the whole military tent camp, all captured by the Hungarians, was a hard blow for the imperial commanders.<sup id="cite_ref-auto4_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto4-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first Battle of Komárom practically ended the Spring Campaign, achieving its main purposes: the relief of Komárom and the expulsion from Hungary of the main imperial armies.<sup id="cite_ref-auto16_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto16-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The major success of the royal-imperial Austrian army was that it was able to retreat to the <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A1ba" title="Rába">Rába</a> river, close to the western border of Hungary, without being surrounded by Görgei's army, and without taking heavy losses.<sup id="cite_ref-auto16_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto16-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Hungarian National Defense Committee was the interim government of Hungary, created after the free Hungarian government led by <a href="/wiki/Lajos_Batthy%C3%A1ny" title="Lajos Batthyány">Lajos Batthyány</a>, resigned on 2 October 1848. The emperor and <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">King of Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Austria" title="Ferdinand I of Austria">Ferdinand I of Austria</a>) had refused to recognize the new government. As a response to the <a href="/wiki/Olm%C3%BCtz" class="mw-redirect" title="Olmütz">Olmütz</a> of 4 March 1849, which abolished the Hungarian Constitution, and to the <a href="/wiki/April_laws" class="mw-redirect" title="April laws">April laws</a>, which deposed Hungary from all of its liberties and degraded it to a simple Austrian province, and seeing the great victories of the Hungarian National Army as an opportunity to respond to the Austrian constitution, on 14 April 1849 Hungary declared its total <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Hungarian Declaration of Independence">independence</a> from the Habsburg Empire,<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of this declaration of independence, on 2 May the new Hungarian Government was established under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/Bertalan_Szemere" title="Bertalan Szemere">Bertalan Szemere</a>, in which Görgei became Minister of War, and his election was of course a consequence of his victories on the battlefield.<sup id="cite_ref-auto16_48-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto16-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the relief of Komárom from the imperial siege, and the retreat of the Habsburg forces to the Hungarian border, the Hungarian army had two choices as to where to continue its advance.<sup id="cite_ref-auto14_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto14-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One was to march on Pozsony and Vienna, in order to finally force the enemy to fight on his own ground; the other was to return eastwards and take <a href="/wiki/Buda_Castle" title="Buda Castle">Buda Castle</a> which was held by a strong imperial garrison of 5,000 men commanded by Heinrich Hentzi. Although the first choice seemed very attractive, it would have been nearly impossible for it to succeed. While the Hungarian army gathered before Komárom had fewer than 27,000 soldiers, the imperial army waiting for them around Pozsony and Vienna was more than 50,000 strong, so it was twice the size of Görgei's force. Furthermore, the Hungarian army was short of ammunition.<sup id="cite_ref-auto14_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto14-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the other hand, capturing Buda castle seemed more achievable at that moment, and besides it was also very important in many respects. It could be achieved with the available Hungarian forces; a strong imperial garrison in the middle of the country represented a serious threat if the main Hungarian army wanted to move towards Vienna, because attacks from the castle could have cut the Hungarian supply lines, so it needed to be besieged by a significant force in order to prevent such sorties; furthermore, the presence of Jelačić's corps in southern Hungary made the Hungarian commanders think that the Croatian ban could advance towards Buda at any moment to relieve it, cutting Hungary in two.<sup id="cite_ref-auto14_50-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto14-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> So the Hungarian <a href="/wiki/Staff_(military)" title="Staff (military)">staff</a> understood that without taking the Buda Castle, the main army could not conduct a campaign towards Vienna without putting the country in grave danger. Beside the military arguments in favor of the siege of Buda, there were political ones as well. After the declaration of the independence of Hungary, the Hungarian parliament wanted to convince foreign states to acknowledge Hungary's independence, and knew there was more chance of achieving this after total liberation of their capital city, Buda-Pest; and the capital city also included Buda castle.<sup id="cite_ref-auto14_50-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto14-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> So the council of war held on 29 April 1849 decided to besiege Buda Castle, and only after the arrival of Hungarian reinforcements from southern Hungary would they start an offensive against Vienna to force the empire to sue for peace and to recognize the independence of Hungary.<sup id="cite_ref-auto14_50-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto14-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From an imperial officer captured in the battle, Görgei learned that the intervention of the Russian army against the Hungarian revolution was imminent.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Austrian government, seeing that they could not crush the Hungarian revolution by themselves with only their allies from among the nationalities within Hungary, decided to start discussions with the tsar about a Russian intervention at the end of March. The official Austrian request for intervention was then sent on 21 April.<sup id="cite_ref-auto3_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto3-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Austrian government asked only for a few tens of thousands of Russian troops under imperial leadership, but Tzar <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_I_of_Russia" title="Nicholas I of Russia">Nicholas I of Russia</a> decided to send 200,000 soldiers, and to hold another 80,000 in readiness to enter Hungary if needed. This meant that he was prepared to send one quarter of Russia's military power to Hungary.<sup id="cite_ref-auto3_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto3-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This huge army, together with the 170,000 soldiers of the Habsburgs, and the several tens of thousands of Serbian, Romanian and Croatian nationality troops fighting against only 170,000 Hungarian soldiers, represented an invincible force<sup id="cite_ref-auto3_52-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto3-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> So amidst the joy at the liberation of much of Hungary, and after the victories of the Spring Campaign, the Hungarians began to feel concerned about the imminent Russian attack. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)" title="Second Battle of Komárom (1849)">Second Battle of Komárom (1849)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)" title="Third Battle of Komárom (1849)">Third Battle of Komárom (1849)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Explanatory_notes">Explanatory notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Explanatory notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The division here has no leader, because its commander, Colonel <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A1roly_Knezi%C4%87" title="Károly Knezić">Károly Knezić</a> led the rest of the division on the center.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Historian Róbert Hermann argues that Guyon did not participate in this battle, and Klapka in whose memoirs he is presented as the leader of this attack, is wrong.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Historian Róbert Hermann mentions that it is not very clear which trench was occupied by the Honvéd battalion led by Major János Nyeregjártó, and it could be also the trench nr. 10.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hermann Róbert: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mek.oszk.hu/09400/09477/html/0021/2184.html">A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.</a> Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), pp. 1000-1001</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto8-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto8_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto8_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto8_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto8_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2004">Hermann 2004</a>, pp. 252.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto9-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto9_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto9_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPusztaszeri1984">Pusztaszeri 1984</a>, pp. 282–283.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2001">Hermann 2001</a>, p. 270.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto6-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto6_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto6_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto6_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2001">Hermann 2001</a>, p. 282.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2001">Hermann 2001</a>, p. 282.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2004">Hermann 2004</a>, pp. 233–236.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2004">Hermann 2004</a>, p. 235.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2001">Hermann 2001</a>, p. 284.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto12-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto12_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto12_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2001">Hermann 2001</a>, p. 285.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPusztaszeri1984">Pusztaszeri 1984</a>, p. 290.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2001">Hermann 2001</a>, p. 287.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2004">Hermann 2004</a>, p. 243.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPusztaszeri1984">Pusztaszeri 1984</a>, pp. 300–301.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPusztaszeri1984">Pusztaszeri 1984</a>, p. 301.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2001">Hermann 2001</a>, p. 291.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2001">Hermann 2001</a>, pp. 289.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2001">Hermann 2001</a>, pp. 290.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto15-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto15_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto15_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto15_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto15_19-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto15_19-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto15_19-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2001">Hermann 2001</a>, pp. 291.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bánlaky-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bánlaky_20-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bánlaky József: A magyar nemzet hadtörténete XXI, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mek.oszk.hu/09400/09477/html/0021/2190.html">A komáromi csata (1849. április 26-án)</a> Arcanum Adatbázis Kft. 2001</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPusztaszeri1984">Pusztaszeri 1984</a>, pp. 330.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2001">Hermann 2001</a>, pp. 291–292.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto2-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPusztaszeri1984">Pusztaszeri 1984</a>, pp. 329.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPusztaszeri1984">Pusztaszeri 1984</a>, pp. 328–329.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPusztaszeri1984">Pusztaszeri 1984</a>, pp. 326–329.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hermann Róbert: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf">A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.</a> Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), pp. 998-1002</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2004">Hermann 2004</a>, pp. 248.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hermann_987-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hermann_987_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hermann_987_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hermann_987_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hermann Róbert: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf">A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.</a> Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), p. 987</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hermann_988-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hermann_988_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hermann_988_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hermann_988_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hermann Róbert: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf">A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.</a> Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), p. 988</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2004">Hermann 2004</a>, pp. 248–249.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hermann Róbert: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf">A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.</a> Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), pp. 988-989</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hermann Róbert: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf">A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.</a> Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), p. 989</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hermann Róbert: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf">A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.</a> Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), pp. 987-988</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto11-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto11_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto11_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto11_37-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto11_37-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto11_37-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto11_37-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto11_37-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2004">Hermann 2004</a>, pp. 249.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hermann_991-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hermann_991_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hermann_991_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hermann_991_38-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hermann_991_38-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hermann_991_38-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hermann Róbert: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf">A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.</a> Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), p. 991</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hermann_992-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hermann_992_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hermann_992_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hermann_992_39-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hermann Róbert: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf">A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában.</a> Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4), p. 992</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto10-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto10_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPusztaszeri1984">Pusztaszeri 1984</a>, pp. 331.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto7-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto7_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto7_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto7_41-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto7_41-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto7_41-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPusztaszeri1984">Pusztaszeri 1984</a>, pp. 334.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto13-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto13_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPusztaszeri1984">Pusztaszeri 1984</a>, pp. 332.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto17-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto17_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto17_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto17_43-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPusztaszeri1984">Pusztaszeri 1984</a>, pp. 333.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto5-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto5_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto5_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto5_44-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto5_44-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto5_44-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto5_44-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto5_44-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto5_44-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2004">Hermann 2004</a>, pp. 250.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPusztaszeri1984">Pusztaszeri 1984</a>, pp. 334–335.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto4-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto4_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto4_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPusztaszeri1984">Pusztaszeri 1984</a>, pp. 335.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tarján-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tarján_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tarján Tamás, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rubicon.hu/magyar/oldalak/1849_aprilis_26_a_komaromi_csata/">1849. április 26. A komáromi csata</a>, Rubicon</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto16-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto16_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto16_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto16_48-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2001">Hermann 2001</a>, pp. 295.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann1996">Hermann 1996</a>, pp. 306–307.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto14-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto14_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto14_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto14_50-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto14_50-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto14_50-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2013">Hermann 2013</a>, pp. 27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPusztaszeri1984">Pusztaszeri 1984</a>, pp. 337.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto3-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto3_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto3_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto3_52-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermann2013">Hermann 2013</a>, pp. 43.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHermann1996" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hermann, Róbert, ed. (1996). <i>Az 1848–1849 évi forradalom és szabadságharc története </i>("The history of the Hungarian War of Independence of 1848–1849)<i><span></span></i> (in Hungarian). Budapest: Videopont Kiadó. p. 464. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/963-8218-20-7" title="Special:BookSources/963-8218-20-7"><bdi>963-8218-20-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Az+1848%E2%80%931849+%C3%A9vi+forradalom+%C3%A9s+szabads%C3%A1gharc+t%C3%B6rt%C3%A9nete+%28%22The+history+of+the+Hungarian+War+of+Independence+of+1848%E2%80%931849%29&rft.place=Budapest&rft.pages=464&rft.pub=Videopont+Kiad%C3%B3&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=963-8218-20-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+Battle+of+Kom%C3%A1rom+%281849%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBánlaky2001" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bánlaky, József (2001). <i>A magyar nemzet hadtörténelme </i>("The Military History of the Hungarian Nation)<i><span></span></i> (in Hungarian). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+magyar+nemzet+hadt%C3%B6rt%C3%A9nelme+%28%22The+Military+History+of+the+Hungarian+Nation%29&rft.place=Budapest&rft.pub=Arcanum+Adatb%C3%A1zis&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=B%C3%A1nlaky&rft.aufirst=J%C3%B3zsef&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+Battle+of+Kom%C3%A1rom+%281849%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBóna1987" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bóna, Gábor (1987). <i>Tábornokok és törzstisztek a szabadságharcban 1848–49 </i>("Generals and Staff Officers in the War of Independence 1848–1849")<i><span></span></i> (in Hungarian). Budapest: Zrínyi Katonai Kiadó. p. 430. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/963-326-343-3" title="Special:BookSources/963-326-343-3"><bdi>963-326-343-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=T%C3%A1bornokok+%C3%A9s+t%C3%B6rzstisztek+a+szabads%C3%A1gharcban+1848%E2%80%9349+%28%22Generals+and+Staff+Officers+in+the+War+of+Independence+1848%E2%80%931849%22%29&rft.place=Budapest&rft.pages=430&rft.pub=Zr%C3%ADnyi+Katonai+Kiad%C3%B3&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=963-326-343-3&rft.aulast=B%C3%B3na&rft.aufirst=G%C3%A1bor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+Battle+of+Kom%C3%A1rom+%281849%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHermann2001" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hermann, Róbert (2001). <i>Az 1848–1849-es szabadságharc hadtörténete </i>("Military History of the Hungarian War of Independence of 1848–1849")<i><span></span></i> (in Hungarian). Budapest: Korona Kiadó. p. 424. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/963-9376-21-3" title="Special:BookSources/963-9376-21-3"><bdi>963-9376-21-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Az+1848%E2%80%931849-es+szabads%C3%A1gharc+hadt%C3%B6rt%C3%A9nete+%28%22Military+History+of+the+Hungarian+War+of+Independence+of+1848%E2%80%931849%22%29&rft.place=Budapest&rft.pages=424&rft.pub=Korona+Kiad%C3%B3&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=963-9376-21-3&rft.aulast=Hermann&rft.aufirst=R%C3%B3bert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+Battle+of+Kom%C3%A1rom+%281849%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHermann2004" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hermann, Róbert (2004). <i>Az 1848–1849-es szabadságharc nagy csatái </i>("Great battles of the Hungarian War of Independence of 1848–1849")<i><span></span></i> (in Hungarian). Budapest: Zrínyi. p. 408. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/963-327-367-6" title="Special:BookSources/963-327-367-6"><bdi>963-327-367-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Az+1848%E2%80%931849-es+szabads%C3%A1gharc+nagy+csat%C3%A1i+%28%22Great+battles+of+the+Hungarian+War+of+Independence+of+1848%E2%80%931849%22%29&rft.place=Budapest&rft.pages=408&rft.pub=Zr%C3%ADnyi&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=963-327-367-6&rft.aulast=Hermann&rft.aufirst=R%C3%B3bert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+Battle+of+Kom%C3%A1rom+%281849%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHermann2010" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hermann, Róbert (2010), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epa.oszk.hu/00000/00018/00051/pdf/EPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf">"A magyar hadsereg az 1849. április 26-i komáromi csatában"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 2010 (volume 123, nr. 4)</i> (in Hungarian)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hadt%C3%B6rt%C3%A9nelmi+K%C3%B6zlem%C3%A9nyek+2010+%28volume+123%2C+nr.+4%29&rft.atitle=A+magyar+hadsereg+az+1849.+%C3%A1prilis+26-i+kom%C3%A1romi+csat%C3%A1ban&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Hermann&rft.aufirst=R%C3%B3bert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepa.oszk.hu%2F00000%2F00018%2F00051%2Fpdf%2FEPA00018_hadtortenelmi_2010_4_0985-1004.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+Battle+of+Kom%C3%A1rom+%281849%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHermann2013" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hermann, Róbert (2013). <i>Nagy csaták. 16. A magyar függetlenségi háború </i>("Great Battles. 16. The Hungarian Freedom War")<i><span></span></i> (in Hungarian). Budapest: Duna Könyvklub. p. 88. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-615-5129-00-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-615-5129-00-1"><bdi>978-615-5129-00-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nagy+csat%C3%A1k.+16.+A+magyar+f%C3%BCggetlens%C3%A9gi+h%C3%A1bor%C3%BA+%28%22Great+Battles.+16.+The+Hungarian+Freedom+War%22%29&rft.place=Budapest&rft.pages=88&rft.pub=Duna+K%C3%B6nyvklub&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-615-5129-00-1&rft.aulast=Hermann&rft.aufirst=R%C3%B3bert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+Battle+of+Kom%C3%A1rom+%281849%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPusztaszeri1984" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Pusztaszeri, László (1984). <i>Görgey Artúr a szabadságharcban </i>("Artúr Görgey in the War of Independence")<i><span></span></i> (in Hungarian). Budapest: Magvető Könyvkiadó. p. 784. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/963-14-0194-4" title="Special:BookSources/963-14-0194-4"><bdi>963-14-0194-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=G%C3%B6rgey+Art%C3%BAr+a+szabads%C3%A1gharcban+%28%22Art%C3%BAr+G%C3%B6rgey+in+the+War+of+Independence%22%29&rft.place=Budapest&rft.pages=784&rft.pub=Magvet%C5%91+K%C3%B6nyvkiad%C3%B3&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=963-14-0194-4&rft.aulast=Pusztaszeri&rft.aufirst=L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+Battle+of+Kom%C3%A1rom+%281849%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTarján" class="citation cs2">Tarján, Tamás, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rubicon.hu/magyar/oldalak/1849_aprilis_26_a_komaromi_csata">"1849. április 26. A komáromi csata"</a>, <i>Rubicon</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rubicon&rft.atitle=1849.+%C3%A1prilis+26.+A+kom%C3%A1romi+csata&rft.aulast=Tarj%C3%A1n&rft.aufirst=Tam%C3%A1s&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rubicon.hu%2Fmagyar%2Foldalak%2F1849_aprilis_26_a_komaromi_csata&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+Battle+of+Kom%C3%A1rom+%281849%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848" title="Template:Hungarian Revolution of 1848"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848" title="Template talk:Hungarian Revolution of 1848"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hungarian Revolution of 1848"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1848">Hungarian Revolution of 1848</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Belligerents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Defence_Force#Habsburg_Hungarian_military" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Defence Force">Hungarian Revolutionary Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Kingdom of Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pretext</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_Laws" title="April Laws">April Laws</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_P%C3%A1kozd" title="Battle of Pákozd">Pákozd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Schwechat" title="Battle of Schwechat">Schwechat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_M%C3%B3r" title="Battle of Mór">Mór</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_K%C3%A1polna" title="Battle of Kápolna">Kápolna</a></li> <li>Battles of Komárom <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">First battle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)" title="Second Battle of Komárom (1849)">Second battle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)" title="Third Battle of Komárom (1849)">Third battle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Isaszeg_(1849)" title="Battle of Isaszeg (1849)">Isaszeg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Buda_(1849)" title="Siege of Buda (1849)">Buda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pered" title="Battle of Pered">Pered</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Segesv%C3%A1r" title="Battle of Segesvár">Segesvár</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sz%C5%91reg" title="Battle of Szőreg">Szőreg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Temesv%C3%A1r" title="Battle of Temesvár">Temesvár</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kishegyes" title="Battle of Kishegyes">Kishegyes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1848%E2%80%931849_massacres_in_Transylvania" title="1848–1849 massacres in Transylvania">1848–1849 massacres in Transylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vienna_Uprising" title="Vienna Uprising">Vienna Uprising</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Influence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Hungarian Declaration of Independence">Hungarian Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrender_at_Vil%C3%A1gos" title="Surrender at Világos">Surrender at Világos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Compromise_of_1867" title="Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867">Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/25px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> Leaders for Austria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Austria" title="Ferdinand I of Austria">Ferdinand I of Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria" title="Franz Joseph I of Austria">Franz Joseph I of Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Clam-Gallas" title="Eduard Clam-Gallas">Eduard Clam-Gallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Jacob_von_Haynau" title="Julius Jacob von Haynau">Julius Jacob von Haynau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josip_Jela%C4%8Di%C4%87" title="Josip Jelačić">Josip Jelačić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Franz_de_Paula_of_Liechtenstein" title="Prince Franz de Paula of Liechtenstein">Prince Franz de Paula of Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Schlik" title="Franz Schlik">Franz Schlik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_I,_Prince_of_Windisch-Gr%C3%A4tz" title="Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz">Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png/25px-Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png/38px-Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png/50px-Flag_of_Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848.png 2x" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="398" /></a></span> Leaders for Hungary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lajos_Batthy%C3%A1ny" title="Lajos Batthyány">Lajos Batthyány</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Bem" title="Józef Bem">Józef Bem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1nos_Damjanich" title="János Damjanich">János Damjanich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henryk_Dembi%C5%84ski" title="Henryk Dembiński">Henryk Dembiński</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antal_Vetter" title="Antal Vetter">Antal Vetter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arisztid_Dessewffy" title="Arisztid Dessewffy">Arisztid Dessewffy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A1s_G%C3%A1sp%C3%A1r_(general)" title="András Gáspár (general)">András Gáspár</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art%C3%BAr_G%C3%B6rgei" title="Artúr Görgei">Artúr Görgey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Guyon" title="Richard Guyon">Richard Guyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Klapka" title="György Klapka">György Klapka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Kmety" title="György Kmety">György Kmety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lajos_Kossuth" title="Lajos Kossuth">Lajos Kossuth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilmos_L%C3%A1z%C3%A1r" title="Vilmos Lázár">Vilmos Lázár</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1z%C3%A1r_M%C3%A9sz%C3%A1ros" title="Lázár Mészáros">Lázár Mészáros</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A1nos_M%C3%B3ga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="János Móga (page does not exist)">János Móga</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alessandro_Monti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alessandro Monti (page does not exist)">Alessandro Monti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferenc_Ottinger" title="Ferenc Ottinger">Ferenc Ottinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B3r_Perczel" title="Mór Perczel">Mór Perczel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istv%C3%A1n_Sz%C3%A9chenyi" title="István Széchenyi">István Széchenyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertalan_Szemere" title="Bertalan Szemere">Bertalan Szemere</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Standard_of_the_Emperor_of_Russia_(1858).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Standard_of_the_Emperor_of_Russia_%281858%29.svg/25px-Standard_of_the_Emperor_of_Russia_%281858%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Standard_of_the_Emperor_of_Russia_%281858%29.svg/38px-Standard_of_the_Emperor_of_Russia_%281858%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Standard_of_the_Emperor_of_Russia_%281858%29.svg/50px-Standard_of_the_Emperor_of_Russia_%281858%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> Leaders for Russia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_von_L%C3%BCders" title="Alexander von Lüders">Alexander von Lüders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Panutin" class="mw-redirect" title="Fyodor Panutin">Fyodor Sergeevich Panyutin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grigory_Skariatin" title="Grigory Skariatin">Grigory Yakovlevich Skariatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Paskevich" title="Ivan Paskevich">Ivan Fyodorovich Paskevich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grigory_Zass" title="Grigory Zass">Grigory Khristoforovich Zass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Engelhardt" title="Nikolai Engelhardt">Nikolai Fyodorovich Engelhardt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maksim_Grotenhelm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maksim Grotenhelm (page does not exist)">Maksim Maksimovich Grotenhelm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Hungarian Revolution of 1848">Commons</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" 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