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Family and parents </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Family_and_parents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Childhood" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Childhood"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Childhood </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Childhood-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1927–1942" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1927–1942"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 1927–1942 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1927–1942-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Bengal_politics_(1943–1947)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Bengal_politics_(1943–1947)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 United Bengal politics (1943–1947) </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-United_Bengal_politics_(1943–1947)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle United Bengal politics (1943–1947) subsection </button> <ul id="toc-United_Bengal_politics_(1943–1947)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Muslim_League_activism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Muslim_League_activism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Muslim League activism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Muslim_League_activism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Bengal_Movement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Bengal_Movement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 United Bengal Movement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Bengal_Movement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_of_law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_of_law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Student of law </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Student_of_law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Struggle_for_Bengali_rights_(1948–1971)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Struggle_for_Bengali_rights_(1948–1971)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Struggle for Bengali rights (1948–1971) </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Struggle_for_Bengali_rights_(1948–1971)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Struggle for Bengali rights (1948–1971) subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Struggle_for_Bengali_rights_(1948–1971)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Founding_of_the_Awami_League" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Founding_of_the_Awami_League"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Founding of the Awami League </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Founding_of_the_Awami_League-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Language_Movement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Language_Movement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Language Movement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Language_Movement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Front" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Front"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 United Front </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Front-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suhrawardy_premiership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suhrawardy_premiership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Suhrawardy premiership </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suhrawardy_premiership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Six_point_movement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Six_point_movement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Six point movement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Six_point_movement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Agartala_Conspiracy_Case" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agartala_Conspiracy_Case"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Agartala Conspiracy Case </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agartala_Conspiracy_Case-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1969_uprising_and_Round_Table_Conference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1969_uprising_and_Round_Table_Conference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 1969 uprising and Round Table Conference </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1969_uprising_and_Round_Table_Conference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1970_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1970_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.8 1970 election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1970_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Imprisonment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Imprisonment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Imprisonment </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Imprisonment-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Imprisonment subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Imprisonment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1938–1941" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1938–1941"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 1938–1941 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1938–1941-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1948–1972" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1948–1972"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 1948–1972 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1948–1972-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Establishment_of_Bangladesh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Establishment_of_Bangladesh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Establishment of Bangladesh </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Establishment_of_Bangladesh-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Establishment of Bangladesh subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Establishment_of_Bangladesh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Civil_disobedience" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Civil_disobedience"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Civil disobedience </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Civil_disobedience-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Outbreak_of_war" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outbreak_of_war"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Outbreak of war </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Outbreak_of_war-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Homecoming" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Homecoming"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Homecoming </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Homecoming-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governing_Bangladesh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governing_Bangladesh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Governing Bangladesh </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Governing_Bangladesh-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Governing Bangladesh subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Governing_Bangladesh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Withdrawal_of_Indian_troops" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Withdrawal_of_Indian_troops"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Withdrawal of Indian troops </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Withdrawal_of_Indian_troops-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-War_criminals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#War_criminals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 War criminals </div> </a> <ul id="toc-War_criminals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economic_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Economic policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legal_reforms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legal_reforms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Legal reforms </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legal_reforms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Secularism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Secularism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5 Secularism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Secularism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6 Foreign policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Africa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6.1 Africa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middle_East" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_East"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6.2 Middle East </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_East-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6.3 South Asia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Left-wing_insurgency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Left-wing_insurgency"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.7 Left-wing insurgency </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Left-wing_insurgency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-One-party_state" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#One-party_state"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.8 One-party state </div> </a> <ul id="toc-One-party_state-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Assassination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assassination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Assassination </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Assassination-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Assassination subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Assassination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Funeral_and_memorials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funeral_and_memorials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Funeral and memorials </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funeral_and_memorials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Aftermath </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Principles_and_ideology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Principles_and_ideology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Principles and ideology </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Principles_and_ideology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Electoral history </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electoral_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Legacy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Legacy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cult_of_personality" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cult_of_personality"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.1 Cult of personality </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cult_of_personality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Followers_and_international_influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Followers_and_international_influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.2 Followers and international influence </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Followers_and_international_influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.3 Honours </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Father_of_the_Nation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Father_of_the_Nation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.3.1 Father of the Nation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Father_of_the_Nation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Portrayals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portrayals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.4 Portrayals </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Portrayals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Song" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Song"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.4.1 Song </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Song-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.4.2 Literature </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Documentaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Documentaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.4.3 Documentaries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Documentaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Films" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Films"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.4.4 Films </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Films-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.4.5 Television </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Animations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Animations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.4.6 Animations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Animations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Descendants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Descendants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.5 Descendants </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Descendants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Footnotes </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Footnotes subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.2 Citations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.3 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 81 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-81" aria-hidden="true" > 81 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%86" title="مجيب الرحمن – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مجيب الرحمن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%96_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="শ্বেখ মুজিবুৰ ৰহমান – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="শ্বেখ মুজিবুৰ ৰহমান" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucibur_R%C9%99hman" title="Mucibur Rəhman – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mucibur Rəhman" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%96_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="শেখ মুজিবুর রহমান – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="শেখ মুজিবুর রহমান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Муджибур Рахман – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Муджибур Рахман" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Муджыбур Рахман – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Муджыбур Рахман" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Муджибур Рахман – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Муджибур Рахман" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mud%C5%BE%C3%ADbur_Rahm%C3%A1n" title="Mudžíbur Rahmán – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mudžíbur Rahmán" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiTumbuka</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mujibur_Rahman" title="Mujibur Rahman – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%AD%CE%B9%CF%87_%CE%9C%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B6%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%81_%CE%A1%CE%B1%CF%87%CE%BC%CE%AC%CE%BD" title="Σέιχ Μουτζιμπούρ Ραχμάν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σέιχ Μουτζιμπούρ Ραχμάν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Cei%C4%A5_Mu%C4%9Dibur_Rahman" title="Ŝeiĥ Muĝibur Rahman – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ŝeiĥ Muĝibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%AE_%D9%85%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%A8%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%86" title="شیخ مجیب‌الرحمن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شیخ مجیب‌الرحمن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%96_%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B0_%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B9%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A8" title="શેખ મુજીબુર રહેમાન – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="શેખ મુજીબુર રહેમાન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%85%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%81%AC_%EB%AC%B4%EC%A7%80%EB%B6%80%EB%A5%B4_%EB%9D%BC%ED%9D%90%EB%A7%8C" title="셰이크 무지부르 라흐만 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="셰이크 무지부르 라흐만" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%96_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="शेख मुजीबुर्रहमान – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="शेख मुजीबुर्रहमान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheiko_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheiko Mujibur Rahman – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Sheiko Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mujibur_Rahman" title="Mujibur Rahman – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%92%27%D7%99%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%A8%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%9F" title="מוג'יבור רחמן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מוג'יבור רחמן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%96%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಶೇಖ್ ಮುಜೀಬುರ್ ರಹಮಾನ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಶೇಖ್ ಮುಜೀಬುರ್ ರಹಮಾನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%AF%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="მუჯიბურ რაჰმანი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მუჯიბურ რაჰმანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Муджибур Рахман – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Муджибур Рахман" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mujibur_Rahman" title="Mujibur Rahman – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9E%C3%AAx_Muc%C3%AEburrehman" title="Şêx Mucîburrehman – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Şêx Mucîburrehman" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lrc mw-list-item"><a href="https://lrc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%AE_%D9%85%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%A8%E2%80%8C_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%86" title="شیخ مجیب‌ الرحمن – Northern Luri" lang="lrc" hreflang="lrc" data-title="شیخ مجیب‌ الرحمن" data-language-autonym="لۊری شومالی" data-language-local-name="Northern Luri" class="interlanguage-link-target">لۊری شومالی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mud%C5%BEiburs_Rahmans" title="Mudžiburs Rahmans – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mudžiburs Rahmans" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudzsibur_Rahm%C3%A1n" title="Mudzsibur Rahmán – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mudzsibur Rahmán" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%96%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB" title="ഷെയ്ഖ് മുജീബുർ റഹ്‌മാൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഷെയ്ഖ് മുജീബുർ റഹ്‌മാൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%96_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="शेख मुजिबुर रहमान – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="शेख मुजिबुर रहमान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%86" title="مجيب الرحمن – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مجيب الرحمن" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mujibur_Rahman" title="Mujibur Rahman – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%96_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="शेख मुजिबुर रहमान – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="शेख मुजिबुर रहमान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A0%E3%82%B8%E3%83%96%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A9%E3%83%95%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3" title="ムジブル・ラフマン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ムジブル・ラフマン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B6%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%96_%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%9C%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%B0_%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%B9%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8" title="ଶେଖ ମୁଜିବୁର ରହମାନ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଶେଖ ମୁଜିବୁର ରହମାନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mujibur_Rahmon" title="Mujibur Rahmon – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mujibur Rahmon" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਸ਼ੇਖ਼ ਮੁਜੀਬੁਰ ਰਹਿਮਾਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸ਼ੇਖ਼ ਮੁਜੀਬੁਰ ਰਹਿਮਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%AE_%D9%85%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="شیخ مجیب الرحمان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="شیخ مجیب الرحمان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%AE_%D9%85%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%86" title="شیخ مجیب الرحمن – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="شیخ مجیب الرحمن" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Муджибур Рахман – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Муджибур Рахман" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%B7_%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%A8_%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1" title="ᱥᱮᱠᱷ ᱢᱩᱡᱤᱵᱩᱨ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱢᱟᱱ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱮᱠᱷ ᱢᱩᱡᱤᱵᱩᱨ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱢᱟᱱ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Tswana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="Tswana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Setswana</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%B0%D9%86" title="شيخ مجيب الرحمٰن – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="شيخ مجيب الرحمٰن" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%9F%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Шеик Муџибур Рахман – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Шеик Муџибур Рахман" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0eik_Mud%C5%BEibur_Rahman" title="Šeik Mudžibur Rahman – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Šeik Mudžibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mujibur_Rahman" title="Mujibur Rahman – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mujibur_Rahman" title="Mujibur Rahman – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9C%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="சேக் முஜிபுர் ரகுமான் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சேக் முஜிபுர் ரகுமான்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B9%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="షేక్ ముజిబుర్ రహ్మాన్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="షేక్ ముజిబుర్ రహ్మాన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%84_%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="ชีค มูจิบูร์ เราะห์มาน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ชีค มูจิบูร์ เราะห์มาน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%85_%D0%9C%D1%83%D2%B7%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Шайх Муҷибурраҳмон – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Шайх Муҷибурраҳмон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ve mw-list-item"><a href="https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Venda" lang="ve" hreflang="ve" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Tshivenda" data-language-local-name="Venda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tshivenda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eeyh_Muciburrahman" title="Şeyh Muciburrahman – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Şeyh Muciburrahman" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Муджибур Рахман – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Муджибур Рахман" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%AE_%D9%85%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%B0%D9%86" title="شیخ مجیب الرحمٰن – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شیخ مجیب الرحمٰن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B0%A2%E8%B5%AB%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E5%90%89%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E8%B5%AB%E6%9B%BC" title="谢赫·穆吉布·拉赫曼 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="谢赫·穆吉布·拉赫曼" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E8%B5%AB%E6%9B%BC" title="拉赫曼 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="拉赫曼" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B0%A2%E8%B5%AB%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E5%90%89%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E8%B5%AB%E6%9B%BC" title="谢赫·穆吉布·拉赫曼 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="谢赫·穆吉布·拉赫曼" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q191375#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div 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font-weight:bold;"><div class="nickname" lang="bn"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style>শেখ মুজিবুর রহমান</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman.jpg/220px-Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="324" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman.jpg/330px-Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman.jpg/440px-Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="598" data-file-height="880" /></a><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Portrait, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1950</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">1st & 4th <a href="/wiki/President_of_Bangladesh" title="President of Bangladesh">President of Bangladesh</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 25 January 1975 – 15 August 1975</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Prime Minister</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Mansur_Ali" title="Muhammad Mansur Ali">Muhammad Mansur Ali</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Mohammadullah" title="Mohammad Mohammadullah">Mohammad Mohammadullah</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Khondaker_Mostaq_Ahmad" title="Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad">Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad</a> (usurper)<a href="#cite_note-4">[a]</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 17 April 1971 – 12 January 1972</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Prime Minister</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tajuddin_Ahmed" class="mw-redirect" title="Tajuddin Ahmed">Tajuddin Ahmed</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Position established</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Abu_Sayeed_Chowdhury" title="Abu Sayeed Chowdhury">Abu Sayeed Chowdhury</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">2nd <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bangladesh" title="Prime Minister of Bangladesh">Prime Minister of Bangladesh</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 12 January 1972 – 24 January 1975</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Sayeed_Chowdhury" title="Abu Sayeed Chowdhury">Abu Sayeed Chowdhury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Mohammadullah" title="Mohammad Mohammadullah">Mohammad Mohammadullah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tajuddin_Ahmad" title="Tajuddin Ahmad">Tajuddin Ahmad</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Mansur_Ali" title="Muhammad Mansur Ali">Muhammad Mansur Ali</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladesh Parliament">Bangladesh Parliament</a> for <a href="/wiki/Dhaka-12" title="Dhaka-12">Dhaka-12</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 7 March 1972 – 15 August 1975</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Constituency established</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jahangir_Mohammad_Adel" title="Jahangir Mohammad Adel">Jahangir Mohammad Adel</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">4th <a href="/wiki/Awami_League#President_and_general_secretary_of_the_AL,_1949–present" title="Awami League">President of Bangladesh Awami League</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 26 March 1971 – 18 January 1974</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">General Secretary</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Tajuddin Ahmad</li><li><a href="/wiki/Zillur_Rahman" title="Zillur Rahman">Zillur Rahman</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Abdur_Rashid_Tarkabagish" title="Abdur Rashid Tarkabagish">Abdur Rashid Tarkabagish</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Abul_Hasnat_Muhammad_Qamaruzzaman" title="Abul Hasnat Muhammad Qamaruzzaman">A. H. M Qamaruzzaman</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> <table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="margin-bottom:-.65em; ; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="line-height:normal; padding:0.2em; background-color:#eee;"><div style="text-align: center; padding: 0 0.4em; margin: 0 3.3em">Pre-independence roles</div></th> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488">1946–1948</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Provincial_Muslim_League" title="Bengal Provincial Muslim League">Councillor of Bengal Provincial Muslim League</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488">1953–1966</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Awami_League_(Pakistan)#Officials#General_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="Awami League (Pakistan)">General Secretary of Awami League</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488">1954</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_East_Pakistan" title="Government of East Pakistan">Rural Development and Co-operatives Minister of East Bengal</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488">1954–1958</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/East_Pakistan_Provincial_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="East Pakistan Provincial Assembly">Member of East Pakistan Provincial Assembly</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488">1955–1958</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_2nd_National_Assembly_of_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 2nd National Assembly of Pakistan">Member of the National Assembly of Pakistan</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488">1956–1957</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_East_Pakistan" title="Government of East Pakistan">Industry, Commerce and Labour Minister of East Pakistan</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488">1966–1971</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/All-Pakistan_Awami_League" title="All-Pakistan Awami League">President of All-Pakistan Awami League</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">(1920-03-17)17 March 1920 <a href="/wiki/Tungipara_Upazila" title="Tungipara Upazila">Tungipara</a>, Bengal, British India</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">15 August 1975(1975-08-15) (aged 55) <a href="/wiki/Dacca" class="mw-redirect" title="Dacca">Dacca</a>, Bangladesh</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manner of death</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Assassination</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Mausoleum_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Mausoleum of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Mausoleum of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_subject" title="British subject">British subject</a> (1920–1947)</li> <li>Pakistan (1947–1971)</li> <li>Bangladesh (1971–1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Krishak_Sramik_Awami_League" title="Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League">Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League</a> (1975)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other political affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-India_Muslim_League" title="All-India Muslim League">All-India Muslim League</a> (1937–1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_League_(Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim League (Pakistan)">Pakistan Muslim League</a> (1947–1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awami_League_(Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Awami League (Pakistan)">All-Pakistan Awami League</a> (1949–1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Awami_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladesh Awami League">Bangladesh Awami League</a> (1971–1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Fazilatunnesa_Mujib" title="Sheikh Fazilatunnesa Mujib">Begum Fazilatunnesa</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Hasina" title="Sheikh Hasina">Hasina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Kamal" title="Sheikh Kamal">Kamal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Jamal" title="Sheikh Jamal">Jamal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Rehana" title="Sheikh Rehana">Rehana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Russel" title="Sheikh Russel">Russel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parents</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Lutfar_Rahman" title="Sheikh Lutfar Rahman">Sheikh Lutfar Rahman</a> (father)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Sayera_Khatun" title="Sayera Khatun">Sheikh Sayera Khatun</a> (mother)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tungipara_Sheikh_family" title="Tungipara Sheikh family">Tungipara Sheikh family</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Residence(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bangabandhu_Memorial_Museum" title="Bangabandhu Memorial Museum">House 677</a>, Road 32, Dhanmondi, Dhaka</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maulana_Azad_College" title="Maulana Azad College">Islamia College, Calcutta</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Dhaka" title="University of Dhaka">University of Dhaka</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[b]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Insurance executive</li> <li>politician</li> <li>statesman</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/World_Peace_Council_prizes" title="World Peace Council prizes">Joliot-Curie Medal of Peace</a> <a href="/wiki/File:Independence_Day_Award_Ribbon_(Bangladesh).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Independence_Day_Award_Ribbon_%28Bangladesh%29.svg/30px-Independence_Day_Award_Ribbon_%28Bangladesh%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Independence_Day_Award_Ribbon_%28Bangladesh%29.svg/45px-Independence_Day_Award_Ribbon_%28Bangladesh%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Independence_Day_Award_Ribbon_%28Bangladesh%29.svg/60px-Independence_Day_Award_Ribbon_%28Bangladesh%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="279" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Independence_Award" title="Independence Award">Independence Award</a> <a href="/wiki/Gandhi_Peace_Prize" title="Gandhi Peace Prize">Gandhi Peace Prize</a> <a href="/wiki/SAARC_Literary_Award" title="SAARC Literary Award">SAARC Literary Award</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_Sign.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_Sign.svg/128px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_Sign.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_Sign.svg/192px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_Sign.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_Sign.svg/256px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_Sign.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="875" data-file-height="229" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nickname</th><td 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.sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks vcard plainlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="sidebar-pretitle" style="margin: -0.2em 0; font-size:69%; font-weight:normal;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:History of Bangladesh">a series</a> on the</div></th> </tr><tr> <th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style=""><a href="/wiki/Independence_of_Bangladesh" title="Independence of Bangladesh">Independence of Bangladesh</a></th> </tr><tr><td style="padding-bottom: 0.4em; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;"><a href="/wiki/File:National_emblem_of_Bangladesh.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="National emblem of Bangladesh"><img alt="National emblem of Bangladesh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/National_emblem_of_Bangladesh.svg/50px-National_emblem_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/National_emblem_of_Bangladesh.svg/75px-National_emblem_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/National_emblem_of_Bangladesh.svg/100px-National_emblem_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eee"> Events</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1947)" title="Partition of Bengal (1947)">Partition of Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_language_movement" title="Bengali language movement">Bengali language movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six_point_movement" title="Six point movement">Six point movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agartala_Conspiracy_Case" title="Agartala Conspiracy Case">Agartala Conspiracy Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleven_Points_Programme" title="Eleven Points Programme">Eleven Points Programme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_East_Pakistan_mass_uprising" title="1969 East Pakistan mass uprising">East Pakistan mass uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Pakistani_general_election" title="1970 Pakistani general election">Pakistani general election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-cooperation_movement_(1971)" title="Non-cooperation movement (1971)">Non-cooperation movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7_March_Speech_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="7 March Speech of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">7 March Speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Searchlight" title="Operation Searchlight">Operation Searchlight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Bangladeshi_Independence" title="Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence">Proclamation of Independence</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eee"> Organisations</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Pakistan_Renaissance_Society" title="East Pakistan Renaissance Society">East Pakistan Renaissance Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awami_League_(Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Awami League (Pakistan)">Awami League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Front_(East_Pakistan)" title="United Front (East Pakistan)">United Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Bangladesh" title="Communist Party of Bangladesh">East Pakistan Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarbadaliya_Chhatra_Sangram_Parishad" title="Sarbadaliya Chhatra Sangram Parishad">Sarbadaliya Chhatra Sangram Parishad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swadhin_Bangla_Biplobi_Parishad" title="Swadhin Bangla Biplobi Parishad">Swadhin Bangla Biplobi Parishad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swadhin_Bangla_Betar_Kendra" title="Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendra">Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendra</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eee"> Key persons</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abul_Kalam_Shamsuddin" title="Abul Kalam Shamsuddin">Abul Kalam Shamsuddin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habibullah_Bahar_Chowdhury" title="Habibullah Bahar Chowdhury">Habibullah Bahar Chowdhury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mujibur_Rahman_Khan" title="Mujibur Rahman Khan">Mujibur Rahman Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huseyn_Shaheed_Suhrawardy" title="Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy">Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serajul_Alam_Khan" title="Serajul Alam Khan">Serajul Alam Khan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_Khan_Bhashani" title="Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani">Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ataur_Rahman_Khan" title="Ataur Rahman Khan">Ataur Rahman Khan</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eee"> Related</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lahore_Resolution" title="Lahore Resolution">Lahore Resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Bengal" title="United Bengal">United Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">Bangladesh Liberation War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_Bangladesh" title="International recognition of Bangladesh">International recognition</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid; border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid;"> <img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/16px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/24px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/32px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Bangladesh" title="Portal:Bangladesh">Bangladesh portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Independence_of_Bangladesh" title="Template:Independence of Bangladesh"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Independence_of_Bangladesh" title="Template talk:Independence of Bangladesh"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Independence_of_Bangladesh" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Independence of Bangladesh"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Sheikh Mujibur Rahman<a href="#cite_note-7">[c]</a> (17 March 1920 – 15 August 1975), also known by the honorific Bangabandhu,<a href="#cite_note-8">[d]</a> was a Bangladeshi politician, revolutionary, statesman and activist, who was the founding president of <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>.<a href="#cite_note-12">[e]</a> As one of the founding leaders of Bangladesh, he has held several political offices; since 1966 during the <a href="/wiki/East_Pakistan" title="East Pakistan">Pakistani colonial era in East Bengal</a>, he had served as the president of a Bengali nationalist party, <a href="/wiki/Awami_League" title="Awami League">Awami League</a>, which led the Bengali region of East Pakistan to secede from Pakistan through a <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">nine month long war</a> to form the independent <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of Bangladesh">People's Republic of Bangladesh</a> in 1971. He <a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Bangladeshi_Independence" title="Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence">declared</a> the independence of Bangladesh, and was declared as the first <a href="/wiki/President_of_Bangladesh" title="President of Bangladesh">president of Bangladesh</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Bangladesh" title="Provisional Government of Bangladesh">midst of the independence</a> war albeit being imprisoned by the Pakistani government at that time. After <a href="/wiki/Independence_of_Bangladesh" title="Independence of Bangladesh">Bangladesh's victory</a> in the war and his subsequent release from Pakistani imprisonment in January 1972, Mujib returned to Bangladesh and resigned from his first presidential term in order to take over as the second <a href="/wiki/Prime_minister_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime minister of Bangladesh">prime minister</a> of the new country, under which capacity he served for over three years. Following his resignation from Bangladesh's premiership, he took over Bangladesh's presidency again as the fourth president of the country, during which time he abolished all other political parties except for his own party, the Awami League, which was merged with three other political parties to form the new <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Krishak_Sramik_Awami_League" title="Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League">Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League (BaKSAL)</a> in order to bring Bangladesh under a one-party-system that effectively allowed him to become <a href="/wiki/President_for_life" title="President for life">president for life</a> under which role he served for less than seven months until <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">his assassination</a> in a <a href="/wiki/15_August_1975_Bangladesh_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" class="mw-redirect" title="15 August 1975 Bangladesh coup d'état">coup d'état</a> conducted by some officers of the <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Army" title="Bangladesh Army">Bangladesh Army</a> in August 1975.<a href="#cite_note-16">[f]</a> His nationalist ideology, socio-political theories, and political doctrines are collectively known as <a href="/wiki/Mujibism" title="Mujibism">Mujibism</a>. Born in an aristocratic Muslim family in <a href="/wiki/Tungipara" title="Tungipara">Tungipara</a>, Mujib emerged as a student activist in the <a href="/wiki/Bengal_Presidency" title="Bengal Presidency">province of Bengal</a> during the final years of the <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a>. He was a member of the <a href="/wiki/All_India_Muslim_League" class="mw-redirect" title="All India Muslim League">All India Muslim League</a>. He supported <a href="/wiki/Muslim_nationalism_in_South_Asia" title="Muslim nationalism in South Asia">Muslim nationalism</a> and advocated for the establishment of <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> in his early political career. In 1949, he was part of a liberal, secular and left-wing faction which later became the <a href="/wiki/Awami_League" title="Awami League">Awami League</a>. In the 1950s, he was elected to Pakistan's parliament where he defended the rights of <a href="/wiki/East_Bengal" title="East Bengal">East Bengal</a>. Mujib served 13 years in prison during the <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a> and Pakistani rule.<a href="#cite_note-4682_days-17">[11]</a> By the 1960s, Mujib adopted <a href="/wiki/Bengali_nationalism" title="Bengali nationalism">Bengali nationalism</a> and soon became the undisputed leader of <a href="/wiki/East_Pakistan" title="East Pakistan">East Pakistan</a>. He became popular for opposing <a href="/wiki/West_Pakistan" title="West Pakistan">West Pakistan's</a> political, ethnic and institutional discrimination against the Bengalis of East Pakistan; leading the <a href="/wiki/Six_point_movement" title="Six point movement">six-point autonomy movement</a>, he challenged the regime of Pakistan's President <a href="/wiki/Ayub_Khan" title="Ayub Khan">Ayub Khan</a>. In 1970, he led the Awami League to win Pakistan's first <a href="/wiki/1970_Pakistani_general_election" title="1970 Pakistani general election">general election</a>. When the Pakistani military junta refused to transfer power, he gave the <a href="/wiki/7_March_Speech_of_Bangabandhu" class="mw-redirect" title="7 March Speech of Bangabandhu">7th March speech</a> in 1971 where he vaguely called out for the independence of East Bengal (East Pakistan). In the late hours of 25 March, 1971, the Pakistan Army arrested Sheikh Mujib on charges of treason and carried out an infamous genocide against the Bengali civilians of East Pakistan. In the early hours of the next day (26 March 1971), a Bengali army major by the name of <a href="/wiki/Ziaur_Rahman" title="Ziaur Rahman">Ziaur Rahman</a> declared the independence of the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of Bangladesh">People's Republic of Bangladesh</a> through the secession of East Pakistan from its <a href="/wiki/West_Pakistan" title="West Pakistan">western wing</a>, which ultimately marked the outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">Bangladesh Liberation War</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Republic_of_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic Republic of Pakistan">Islamic Republic of Pakistan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-18">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated14-19">[13]</a> Bengali nationalists declared him as the head of the <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Bangladesh" title="Provisional Government of Bangladesh">Provisional Government of Bangladesh</a>, while he was confined in a jail in <a href="/wiki/West_Pakistan" title="West Pakistan">West Pakistan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-20">[14]</a> After the independence of Bangladesh, Mujib returned to Bangladesh in January 1972 as the leader of a war-devastated country.<a href="#cite_note-21">[15]</a> In the following years, he played an important role in rebuilding Bangladesh, constructing a secular <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Bangladesh" title="Constitution of Bangladesh">constitution</a> for the country, transforming Pakistani era state apparatus, bureaucracy, armed forces, and judiciary into an independent state, initiating the <a href="/wiki/1973_Bangladeshi_general_election" title="1973 Bangladeshi general election">first general election</a> and normalizing diplomatic ties with most of the world. His foreign policy during the time was dominated by the principle "friendship to all and malice to none". He remained a close ally to <a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi" title="Indira Gandhi">Gandhi</a>'s <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Brezhnev" title="Leonid Brezhnev">Brezhnev</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, while balancing ties with the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. He gave the <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman%27s_1974_speech_at_the_United_Nations" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's 1974 speech at the United Nations">first Bengali speech</a> to the <a href="/wiki/UN_General_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="UN General Assembly">UN General Assembly</a> in 1974. <a href="/wiki/Premiership_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Premiership of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Mujib's government</a> proved largely unsuccessful in curbing political and economic anarchy and corruption in post-independence Bangladesh, which ultimately gave rise to a <a href="/wiki/1972%E2%80%931975_Bangladesh_insurgency" title="1972–1975 Bangladesh insurgency">left-wing insurgency</a>. To quell the insurgency, he formed <a href="/wiki/Jatiya_Rakkhi_Bahini" title="Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini">Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini</a>, a special paramilitary force similar to the <a href="/wiki/Gestapo" title="Gestapo">Gestapo</a>,<a href="#cite_note-22">[16]</a> which was involved in various <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_abuse" class="mw-redirect" title="Human rights abuse">human rights abuses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massacre" title="Massacre">massacres</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enforced_disappearance" title="Enforced disappearance">enforced disappearances</a>, <a href="/wiki/Extrajudicial_killing" title="Extrajudicial killing">extrajudicial killings</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rape" title="Rape">rapes</a>. Mujib's four-year regime was the only <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bangladesh#Socialist_era_(1972–1975)" title="Economy of Bangladesh">socialist period</a> in Bangladesh's history,<a href="#cite_note-23">[17]</a> which was marked with huge economic mismanagement and failure, leading to the high mortality rate in the <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_famine_of_1974" title="Bangladesh famine of 1974">deadly famine of 1974</a>. In 1975, he launched the <a href="/wiki/Second_Revolution_(Bangladesh)" title="Second Revolution (Bangladesh)">Second Revolution</a>, under which he installed a <a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">one party regime</a> and abolished all kinds of <a href="/wiki/Civil_liberties" title="Civil liberties">civil liberties</a> and democratic institutions, by which he "institutionalized <a href="/wiki/Autocracy" title="Autocracy">autocracy</a>" and made himself the "unimpeachable" President of Bangladesh, effectively <a href="/wiki/President-for-life" class="mw-redirect" title="President-for-life">for life</a>, which lasted for seven months.<a href="#cite_note-24">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[19]</a> On 15 August 1975, he was <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">assassinated</a> along with most of his family members in his <a href="/wiki/Dhanmondi_32" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhanmondi 32">Dhanmondi 32</a> residence in a coup d'état. Sheikh Mujib's post-independence legacy remains divisive among Bangladeshis due to his economic mismanagement, the famine of 1974, human rights violations, and <a href="/wiki/Authoritarianism" title="Authoritarianism">authoritarianism</a>. Nevertheless, most Bangladeshis credit him for leading the country to independence in 1971 and restoring the Bengali sovereignty after over two centuries following the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Plassey" title="Battle of Plassey">Battle of Plassey</a> in 1757, for which he is honoured as Bangabandhu (<abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr> 'Friend of Bengal').<a href="#cite_note-auto2-15">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[20]</a> He was voted as the <a href="/wiki/Greatest_Bengali_of_all_time" class="mw-redirect" title="Greatest Bengali of all time">Greatest Bengali of all time</a> in the 2004 <a href="/wiki/BBC_Bangla" title="BBC Bangla">BBC</a> opinion poll.<a href="#cite_note-SMR1-27">[21]</a> His 7 March speech in 1971 is recognized by <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> for its historic value, and was listed in the <a href="/wiki/Memory_of_the_World_Register_%E2%80%93_Asia_and_the_Pacific" title="Memory of the World Register – Asia and the Pacific">Memory of the World Register</a>.<a href="#cite_note-28">[22]</a> Many of his diaries and travelogues were published many years after his death and have been translated into several languages.<a href="#cite_note-29">[23]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_background">Early life and background</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Family_and_parents">Family and parents</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tungipara_Sheikh_family" title="Tungipara Sheikh family">Tungipara Sheikh family</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Birthday_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Birthday of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Birthday of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Residence_of_Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_front_view.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Residence_of_Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_front_view.jpg/220px-Residence_of_Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_front_view.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Residence_of_Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_front_view.jpg/330px-Residence_of_Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_front_view.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Residence_of_Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_front_view.jpg/440px-Residence_of_Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_front_view.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Mujib's birthplace in Tungipara village, <a href="/wiki/Gopalganj_District,_Bangladesh" title="Gopalganj District, Bangladesh">Gopalganj</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_Dhaka_Wanderers_jersey_in_1940.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_Dhaka_Wanderers_jersey_in_1940.jpg/220px-Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_Dhaka_Wanderers_jersey_in_1940.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_Dhaka_Wanderers_jersey_in_1940.jpg/330px-Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_Dhaka_Wanderers_jersey_in_1940.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_Dhaka_Wanderers_jersey_in_1940.jpg 2x" data-file-width="361" data-file-height="511" /></a><figcaption>Mujib with a <a href="/wiki/Trophy" title="Trophy">trophy</a> after winning a football tournament captaining <a href="/wiki/Dhaka_Wanderers_Club" title="Dhaka Wanderers Club">Dhaka Wanderers</a> in 1940</figcaption></figure> Mujib was born on 17 March 1920 into the <a href="/wiki/Bengali_Muslims" title="Bengali Muslims">Bengali Muslim</a> aristocratic <a href="/wiki/Sheikhs_of_Bengal" title="Sheikhs of Bengal">Sheikh family</a> of the village of <a href="/wiki/Tungipara_Upazila" title="Tungipara Upazila">Tungipara</a> in <a href="/wiki/Gopalganj_District,_Bangladesh" title="Gopalganj District, Bangladesh">Gopalganj sub-division</a> of <a href="/wiki/Faridpur_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Faridpur district">Faridpur district</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Bengal_Presidency" title="Bengal Presidency">province of Bengal</a> in <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British India</a>.<a href="#cite_note-REF-30">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[25]</a> His father <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Lutfur_Rahman" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheikh Lutfur Rahman">Sheikh Lutfur Rahman</a> was a <a href="/wiki/Sheristadar" title="Sheristadar">sheristadar</a> (law clerk) in the courthouse of Gopalganj; Mujib's mother <a href="/wiki/Sayera_Khatun" title="Sayera Khatun">Sheikh Sayera Khatun</a> was a housewife. Mujib's father <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Lutfar_Rahman" title="Sheikh Lutfar Rahman">Sheikh Lutfur Rahman</a> was a <a href="/wiki/Taluqdar" title="Taluqdar">Taluqdar</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tungipara_Upazila" title="Tungipara Upazila">Tungipara</a>, owning landed property, around 100 <a href="/wiki/Bigha" title="Bigha">Bighas</a> of cultivable land.<a href="#cite_note-32">[26]</a> His clan's ancestors were <a href="/wiki/Zamindars_of_Bengal" title="Zamindars of Bengal">Zamindars</a> of <a href="/wiki/Faridpur_District" title="Faridpur District">Faridpur Mahakumar</a>, however due to successive turns in the family fortune over generations had turned them middle class.<a href="#cite_note-33">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman2012-34">[28]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Sheikh%E2%80%93Wazed_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheikh–Wazed family">Sheikh clan of Tungipara</a> were of <a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Arabs" class="mw-redirect" title="Iraqi Arabs">Iraqi Arab</a> descent, being descended from Sheikh Abdul Awal Darwish of Baghdad, who had come to preach <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Bengal_Subah" title="Bengal Subah">Mughal era</a>.<a href="#cite_note-35">[29]</a> His lineage is; Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, son of Sheikh Lutfar Rahman, son of Sheikh Abdul Hamid, son of Sheikh Mohammad Zakir, son of Sheikh Ekramullah, son of Sheikh Borhanuddin, son of Sheikh Jan Mahmud, son of Sheikh Zahiruddin, son of Sheikh Abdul Awal Darwish.<a href="#cite_note-36">[30]</a> Mujib was the eldest son and third child in the family of four daughters (Fatima, Achia, Helen, Laili) and two sons (Mujib, <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Abu_Naser" title="Sheikh Abu Naser">Naser</a>).<a href="#cite_note-REF-30">[24]</a> His parents nicknamed him "Khoka".<a href="#cite_note-37">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Childhood">Childhood</h3></div> As a child, Mujib was described as "compassionate and very energetic". Either playing or roaming around. Feeding birds, monkeys and dogs.<a href="#cite_note-childhood-38">[32]</a> In his autobiography, Mujib mentions, "I used to play <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a>, volleyball and <a href="/wiki/Field_hockey" title="Field hockey">field hockey</a>. Although I was not a very good player but still had a good position in the school team. At this time I was not interested in politics."<a href="#cite_note-childhood-38">[32]</a> Once the farmers in his village lost their crops and faced a near-famine situation, which had a great impact on Mujib. During these days, he usually used to distribute <a href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">rice</a> among the poor farmers and students from his own or collecting from others.<a href="#cite_note-childhood-38">[32]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1927–1942">1927–1942</h3></div> Mujib was enrolled in Gimadanga Primary School in 1927.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman2012xv-39">[33]</a> In 1929, he entered the third grade of Gopalganj Public School. His parents transferred him to Madaripur Islamia High School after two years.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKādira2004440-40">[34]</a> Mujib withdrew from school in 1934 to undergo eye surgery. He returned to formal education after four years owing to the severity of the surgery and slow recovery.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman20129-41">[35]</a> Mujib was 18 years old when he was married to eight years old <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Fazilatunnesa_Mujib" title="Sheikh Fazilatunnesa Mujib">Fazilatunnesa</a>, widely known in Bangladesh as Begum Mujib, in an <a href="/wiki/Arranged_marriage" title="Arranged marriage">arranged marriage</a>, according to the custom of the region at that time. They are second cousins.<a href="#cite_note-42">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman20127-43">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[39]</a> Mujib began showing signs of political leadership around this time. At the Gopalganj Missionary School, Mujib's political passion was noticed by <a href="/wiki/Huseyn_Shaheed_Suhrawardy" title="Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy">Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy</a>, who was visiting the area along with <a href="/wiki/A._K._Fazlul_Huq" title="A. K. Fazlul Huq">A. K. Fazlul Huq</a>. Mujib passed out from the Gopalganj Missionary School in 1942.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated21-14">[9]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="United_Bengal_politics_(1943–1947)">United Bengal politics (1943–1947)</h2></div> Mujib moved to <a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Calcutta</a> for higher education. At the time, Calcutta was the capital of British Bengal and the largest city in undivided India. He studied <a href="/wiki/Liberal_arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal arts">liberal arts</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Political_science" title="Political science">political science</a>,<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated21-14">[9]</a> at the erstwhile <a href="/wiki/Maulana_Azad_College" title="Maulana Azad College">Islamia College</a> of Calcutta and lived in <a href="/wiki/Baker_Hostel" title="Baker Hostel">Baker Hostel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-46">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[41]</a> Islamia College was one of the leading educational institutions for the Muslims of Bengal. He obtained his <a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree">bachelor's degree</a> from the college in 1947.<a href="#cite_note-REF-30">[24]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Muslim_League_activism">Muslim League activism</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">Partition of India</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman1949.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman1949.jpg/100px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman1949.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman1949.jpg/150px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman1949.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman1949.jpg/200px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman1949.jpg 2x" data-file-width="486" data-file-height="641" /></a><figcaption>Mujib in the late 1940s</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gandhi_Suhrawardy_and_Mujib.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Gandhi_Suhrawardy_and_Mujib.jpg/220px-Gandhi_Suhrawardy_and_Mujib.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Gandhi_Suhrawardy_and_Mujib.jpg/330px-Gandhi_Suhrawardy_and_Mujib.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Gandhi_Suhrawardy_and_Mujib.jpg/440px-Gandhi_Suhrawardy_and_Mujib.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1022" data-file-height="935" /></a><figcaption>Mujib (standing right) with <a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a> (seated center) and <a href="/wiki/H._S._Suhrawardy" class="mw-redirect" title="H. S. Suhrawardy">H. S. Suhrawardy</a> (seated left) in <a href="/wiki/Noakhali" class="mw-redirect" title="Noakhali">Noakhali</a>, 1946</figcaption></figure> During his time in Calcutta, Sheikh Mujib became involved in the politics of the <a href="/wiki/Bengal_Provincial_Muslim_League" title="Bengal Provincial Muslim League">Bengal Provincial Muslim League</a>, the <a href="/wiki/All_India_Muslim_Students_Federation" title="All India Muslim Students Federation">All India Muslim Students Federation</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Indian_independence_movement" title="Indian independence movement">Indian independence movement</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistan movement">Pakistan movement</a>. In 1943, he was elected as a councillor of the Muslim League. In 1944, he was elected as secretary of the Faridpur District Association, a Calcutta-based association of residents from Faridpur. In 1946, at the height of the Pakistan movement, Mujib was elected as General Secretary of the Islamia College Students Union in Calcutta.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman2012xvi-48">[42]</a> His political mentor Suhrawardy led the center-left faction of the Muslim League. Suhrawardy was responsible for creating 36 trade unions in Bengal, including unions for sailors, railway workers, jute and cotton mills workers, rickshaw pullers, cart drivers and other working class groups.<a href="#cite_note-en.banglapedia.org-49">[43]</a> Mujib assisted Suhrawardy in these efforts and also worked to ensure protection for Muslim families during the violent days in the run up to partition.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Bengal_Movement">United Bengal Movement</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/United_Bengal" title="United Bengal">United Bengal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1947)" title="Partition of Bengal (1947)">Partition of Bengal (1947)</a></div> In 1947, Sheikh Mujib also joined the "United Bengal Movement" which was organized under the leadership of Suhrawardy, <a href="/wiki/Abul_Hashim" title="Abul Hashim">Abul Hashim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sarat_Chandra_Bose" title="Sarat Chandra Bose">Sarat Chandra Bose</a> and others to form an undivided independent Bengal outside the jurisdiction of India and Pakistan.<a href="#cite_note-মুনতাসীর-50">[44]</a> Later, when the creation of the states of India and Pakistan was confirmed, a referendum was held to decide the fate of the Bengali Muslim-dominated <a href="/wiki/Sylhet_Division" title="Sylhet Division">Sylhet District</a> of <a href="/wiki/Assam_Province" title="Assam Province">Assam Province</a>. Sheikh Mujib worked as an organizer and campaigner for inclusion in Pakistan in the Sylhet referendum. He went to <a href="/wiki/Sylhet" title="Sylhet">Sylhet</a> from Calcutta with about 500 workers. In his autobiography, he expressed his displeasure about the non-adherence of <a href="/wiki/Barak_Valley" title="Barak Valley">Karimganj</a> to Pakistan despite winning the referendum and the various geographical inadequacies of <a href="/wiki/East_Pakistan" title="East Pakistan">East Pakistan</a> during the demarcation of the partition.<a href="#cite_note-51">[45]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Student_of_law">Student of law</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheikh_Mujib_and_Begum_Mujib_circa_1955.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Sheikh_Mujib_and_Begum_Mujib_circa_1955.jpg/170px-Sheikh_Mujib_and_Begum_Mujib_circa_1955.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Sheikh_Mujib_and_Begum_Mujib_circa_1955.jpg/255px-Sheikh_Mujib_and_Begum_Mujib_circa_1955.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Sheikh_Mujib_and_Begum_Mujib_circa_1955.jpg/340px-Sheikh_Mujib_and_Begum_Mujib_circa_1955.jpg 2x" data-file-width="932" data-file-height="1117" /></a><figcaption>Sheikh Mujib and his wife</figcaption></figure> After the <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">partition of India</a>, Mujib was admitted into the Law Department of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Dhaka" title="University of Dhaka">University of Dhaka</a>. The university was created in 1921 as a residential university modelled on Oxford and Cambridge where students would be affiliated with colleges; but its residential character was dramatically changed after partition and students became affiliated with departments.<a href="#cite_note-52">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[47]</a> Mujib suffered repeated bouts of police detention due to his ability to instigate opposition protests against the Pakistani government. His political activities were targeted by the government and police. In 1949, Mujib was expelled from Dhaka University on charges of inciting employees against the university. After 61 years, in 2010, the university withdrew its famously politically motivated expulsion order.<a href="#cite_note-REF-30">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-BD-55">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Struggle_for_Bengali_rights_(1948–1971)">Struggle for Bengali rights (1948–1971)</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Bengali_nationalism" title="Bengali nationalism">Bengali nationalism</a></div> Mujib emerged as a major opposition figure in Pakistani politics between 1948 and 1971. He represented the Bengali grassroots. He had an uncanny ability to remember people by their first name regardless of whether they were political leaders, workers, or ordinary citizens. Mujib founded the <a href="/wiki/East_Pakistan_Muslim_Students%27_League" class="mw-redirect" title="East Pakistan Muslim Students' League">Muslim Students League</a> on 4 January 1948 as the student wing of the <a href="/wiki/Muslim_League_(1947%E2%80%931958)" title="Muslim League (1947–1958)">Muslim League</a> in <a href="/wiki/East_Bengal" title="East Bengal">East Bengal</a>. This organisation later transformed into the <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Chhatra_League" title="Bangladesh Chhatra League">Bangladesh Chhatra League</a>. During the visit of Governor General <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Jinnah" title="Muhammad Ali Jinnah">Muhammad Ali Jinnah</a> to <a href="/wiki/Dhaka" title="Dhaka">Dhaka</a>, it was declared that <a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a> will be the sole national language of Pakistan. This sparked the <a href="/wiki/Bengali_Language_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali Language Movement">Bengali Language Movement</a>. Mujib became embroiled in the language movement, as well as left-wing trade unionism among Bengali factions of the Muslim League. Bengali factions eventually split away and formed the <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Awami_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladesh Awami League">Awami Muslim League</a> in 1949.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Mujib was arrested many times. His movements were tracked by spies of the Pakistani government. He was accused of being a secessionist and an agent of India. East Pakistan's <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Bureau_(Pakistan)" title="Intelligence Bureau (Pakistan)">Intelligence Branch</a> compiled many secret reports on his movements and political activities. The secret documents have been declassified by the Bangladeshi government. The formerly classified reports have also been published.<a href="#cite_note-56">[50]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Founding_of_the_Awami_League">Founding of the Awami League</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Front_View_of_Rose_Garden_Place.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Front_View_of_Rose_Garden_Place.jpg/170px-Front_View_of_Rose_Garden_Place.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Front_View_of_Rose_Garden_Place.jpg/255px-Front_View_of_Rose_Garden_Place.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Front_View_of_Rose_Garden_Place.jpg/340px-Front_View_of_Rose_Garden_Place.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4084" data-file-height="3063" /></a><figcaption>The Awami League was founded in this building at Rose Garden in Old Dhaka in 1949.</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Awami_League" title="Awami League">All Pakistan Awami Muslim League</a> was founded on 23 June 1949 at the <a href="/wiki/Rose_Garden_Palace" title="Rose Garden Palace">Rose Garden</a> mansion on K. M. Das Lane in <a href="/wiki/Old_Dhaka" title="Old Dhaka">Old Dhaka</a>, which was organized by <a href="/wiki/Yar_Mohammad_Khan" title="Yar Mohammad Khan">Yar Mohammad Khan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_Khan_Bhashani" title="Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani">Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani</a>.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated6-57">[51]</a> Sheikh Mujib was elected as one of its joint secretaries.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated6-57">[51]</a> The term "Muslim" was later dropped from the party's nomenclature. The Awami League sought to represent both Muslims and Pakistan's religious minorities, including <a href="/wiki/Bengali_Hindus" title="Bengali Hindus">Bengali Hindus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Christians" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistani Christians">Pakistani Christians</a>. Hence, it dropped "Muslim" from its name to appeal to the minority votebanks. Suhrawardy joined the party within a few years and became its main leader. He relied on Sheikh Mujib to organise his political activities in East Bengal. Mujib became Suhrawardy's political protégé. Prior to partition, Suhrawardy mooted the idea of an independent <a href="/wiki/United_Bengal" title="United Bengal">United Bengal</a>. But in Pakistan, Suhrawardy reportedly preferred to preserve the unity of Pakistan in a federal framework; while Mujib supported autonomy and was open to the idea of East Bengali independence. Mujib reportedly remarked that "[t]he Bengalis had initially failed to appreciate a leader of Mr. Suhrawardy's stature. By the time they learned to value him, they had run out of time".<a href="#cite_note-58">[52]</a> At the federal level, the Awami League was led by Suhrawardy. At the provincial level, the League was led by Sheikh Mujib who was given a free rein over the party's activities by Suhrawardy. Mujib consolidated his control of the party. The Awami League veered away from the left-wing extremism of its founding president <a href="/wiki/Maulana_Bhashani" class="mw-redirect" title="Maulana Bhashani">Maulana Bhashani</a>. Under Suhrawardy and Mujib, the Awami League emerged as a centre-left party. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Language_Movement">Language Movement</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language_movement" title="Bengali language movement">Bengali language movement</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_1952.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_1952.jpg/220px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_1952.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_1952.jpg/330px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_1952.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_1952.jpg/440px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_1952.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2349" data-file-height="1649" /></a><figcaption>Mujib (centre) with Awami League leaders, 1952</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rally_on_21Feb1954_Abdul_Hamid_and_Bangabandhu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Rally_on_21Feb1954_Abdul_Hamid_and_Bangabandhu.jpg/220px-Rally_on_21Feb1954_Abdul_Hamid_and_Bangabandhu.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Rally_on_21Feb1954_Abdul_Hamid_and_Bangabandhu.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_Khan_Bhashani" title="Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani">Maulana Bhasani</a> and Sheikh Mujib marching barefoot to pay tribute at <a href="/wiki/Shaheed_Minar,_Dhaka" title="Shaheed Minar, Dhaka">Shaheed Minar</a> on 21st February 1954</figcaption></figure> The Awami League strongly backed the Bengali Language Movement. Bengalis argued that the <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali language</a> deserved to be a federal language on par with Urdu because Bengalis formed the largest ethnic group in Pakistan. The movement appealed to the <a href="/wiki/Constituent_Assembly_of_Pakistan" title="Constituent Assembly of Pakistan">Constituent Assembly of Pakistan</a> to declare both Urdu and Bengali as national languages, in addition to English. During a conference in <a href="/wiki/Fazlul_Huq_Muslim_Hall" title="Fazlul Huq Muslim Hall">Fazlul Huq Muslim Hall</a>, Sheikh Mujib was instrumental in establishing the All-Party State Language Action Committee.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman2012xvii-59">[53]</a> He was repeatedly arrested during the movement. When he was released from jail in 1948, he was greeted by a rally of the <a href="/wiki/Rastrabhasa_Sangram_Parishad" title="Rastrabhasa Sangram Parishad">State Language Struggle Committee</a>.<a href="#cite_note-JSToldenburg-60">[54]</a> Mujib announced a nationwide student strike on 17 March 1948.<a href="#cite_note-Banglapedia-61">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-TDS-62">[56]</a> In early January 1950, the Awami League held an anti-famine rally in Dhaka during the visit of Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Liaquat_Ali_Khan" title="Liaquat Ali Khan">Liaquat Ali Khan</a>. Mujib was arrested for instigating the protests. On 26 January 1952, Pakistan's then Bengali Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Khawaja_Nazimuddin" title="Khawaja Nazimuddin">Khawaja Nazimuddin</a> reiterated that Urdu will be the only state language. Despite his imprisonment, Mujib played a key role in organising protests by issuing instructions from jail to students and protestors. He played a key role in declaring <a href="/wiki/Language_Movement_Day" title="Language Movement Day">21 February 1952</a> as a strike day. Mujib went on <a href="/wiki/Hunger_strike" title="Hunger strike">hunger strike</a> from 14 February 1952 in the prelude to the strike day. His own hunger strike lasted 13 days. On 26 February, he was released from jail amid the public outrage over police killings of protestors on 21 February, including <a href="/wiki/Abdus_Salam_(language_martyr)" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdus Salam (language martyr)">Salam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rafiq_Uddin_Ahmed" title="Rafiq Uddin Ahmed">Rafiq</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abul_Barkat" title="Abul Barkat">Barkat</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Jabbar_(activist)" title="Abdul Jabbar (activist)">Jabbar</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Banglapedia-61">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-REF-30">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-BAL-66">[60]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Front">United Front</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/United_Front_(East_Pakistan)" title="United Front (East Pakistan)">United Front (East Pakistan)</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_19954.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_19954.jpg/100px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_19954.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_19954.jpg/150px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_19954.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_19954.jpg/200px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_19954.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1673" data-file-height="2309" /></a><figcaption>Mujib in 1954</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mujib_taking_oath.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Mujib_taking_oath.jpg/220px-Mujib_taking_oath.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Mujib_taking_oath.jpg/330px-Mujib_taking_oath.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Mujib_taking_oath.jpg/440px-Mujib_taking_oath.jpg 2x" data-file-width="499" data-file-height="281" /></a><figcaption>Mujib being sworn in as a minister by East Bengali chief minister <a href="/wiki/A._K._Fazlul_Huq" title="A. K. Fazlul Huq">A. K. Fazlul Huq</a> in 1954</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1954_east_bengal_cabinet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/1954_east_bengal_cabinet.jpg/220px-1954_east_bengal_cabinet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/1954_east_bengal_cabinet.jpg/330px-1954_east_bengal_cabinet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/1954_east_bengal_cabinet.jpg/440px-1954_east_bengal_cabinet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="549" /></a><figcaption>Mujib (standing second from left on bottom row) with A. K. Fazlul Huq in the United Front cabinet, 1954</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheikh_Mujib_in_China.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Sheikh_Mujib_in_China.jpg/220px-Sheikh_Mujib_in_China.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Sheikh_Mujib_in_China.jpg/330px-Sheikh_Mujib_in_China.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Sheikh_Mujib_in_China.jpg/440px-Sheikh_Mujib_in_China.jpg 2x" data-file-width="510" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Mujib (center) in a <a href="/wiki/Bow_tie" title="Bow tie">bow tie</a> in <a href="/wiki/Peking" class="mw-redirect" title="Peking">Peking</a>, 1956</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheikh_Mujib_at_Fletcher_School_with_others.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Sheikh_Mujib_at_Fletcher_School_with_others.jpg/220px-Sheikh_Mujib_at_Fletcher_School_with_others.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Sheikh_Mujib_at_Fletcher_School_with_others.jpg/330px-Sheikh_Mujib_at_Fletcher_School_with_others.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Sheikh_Mujib_at_Fletcher_School_with_others.jpg/440px-Sheikh_Mujib_at_Fletcher_School_with_others.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="865" /></a><figcaption>Mujib (fourth from left) visiting the <a href="/wiki/Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy">Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy</a> in 1958 as part of the <a href="/wiki/International_Visitor_Leadership_Program" title="International Visitor Leadership Program">International Visitor Leadership Program</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mujib_in_Harvard.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Mujib_in_Harvard.jpg/220px-Mujib_in_Harvard.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Mujib_in_Harvard.jpg/330px-Mujib_in_Harvard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Mujib_in_Harvard.jpg/440px-Mujib_in_Harvard.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1254" data-file-height="728" /></a><figcaption>Mujib (left) in <a href="/wiki/Harvard" class="mw-redirect" title="Harvard">Harvard</a> with <a href="/wiki/Munier_Chowdhury" class="mw-redirect" title="Munier Chowdhury">Munier Chowdhury</a> (middle) and Md. Matiul Islam (right)</figcaption></figure> The League teamed up with other parties like the <a href="/wiki/Krishak_Praja_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Krishak Praja Party">Krishak Praja Party</a> of <a href="/wiki/A._K._Fazlul_Huq" title="A. K. Fazlul Huq">A. K. Fazlul Huq</a> to form the <a href="/wiki/United_Front_(East_Pakistan)" title="United Front (East Pakistan)">United Front</a> coalition. During the <a href="/wiki/East_Bengali_legislative_election,_1954" class="mw-redirect" title="East Bengali legislative election, 1954">East Bengali legislative election, 1954</a>, Mujib was elected to public office for the first time. He became a member of the <a href="/wiki/East_Bengal_Legislative_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="East Bengal Legislative Assembly">East Bengal Legislative Assembly</a>. This was the first election in East Bengal since the partition of India in 1947. The Awami League-led United Front secured a landslide victory of 223 seats in the 237 seats of the provincial assembly. Mujib himself won by a margin of 13,000 votes against his Muslim League rival Wahiduzzaman in Gopalganj.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman2012xviii-67">[61]</a> A. K. Fazlul Huq became Chief Minister and inducted Mujib into his cabinet. Mujib's initial portfolios were agriculture and forestry.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman2012xviii-67">[61]</a> After taking oath on 15 May 1954, Chief Minister Huq travelled with ministers to India and <a href="/wiki/West_Pakistan" title="West Pakistan">West Pakistan</a>. The coalition government was dismissed on 30 May 1954. Mujib was arrested upon his return to Dhaka from <a href="/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a>. He was released on 23 December 1954. Governor's rule was imposed in East Bengal.<a href="#cite_note-68">[62]</a> The elected government was eventually restored in 1955. On 5 June 1955, Mujib was elected to a newly reconstituted second <a href="/wiki/Constituent_Assembly_of_Pakistan" title="Constituent Assembly of Pakistan">Constituent Assembly of Pakistan</a>. The Awami League organised a huge public meeting at <a href="/wiki/Paltan_Maidan" class="mw-redirect" title="Paltan Maidan">Paltan Maidan</a> in Dhaka on 17 June 1955 which outlined 21 points demanding autonomy for Pakistan's provinces. Mujib was a forceful orator at the assembly in Karachi. He opposed the government's plan to rename East Bengal as <a href="/wiki/East_Pakistan" title="East Pakistan">East Pakistan</a> as part of the <a href="/wiki/One_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="One Unit">One Unit</a> scheme. On 25 August 1955, he delivered the following speech. <blockquote>Sir [President of the Constituent Assembly], you will see that they want to use the phrase 'East Pakistan' instead of 'East Bengal'. We have demanded many times that you should use Bengal instead of Pakistan. The word Bengal has a history and tradition of its own. You can change it only after the people have been consulted. If you want to change, we have to go back to Bengal and ask them whether they are ready to accept it. So far as the question of one unit is concerned it can be incorporated in the constitution. Why do you want it to be taken up right now? What about the state language, Bengali? We are prepared to consider one unit with all these things. So, I appeal to my friends on the other side to allow the people to give their verdict in any way, in the form of referendum or in the form of plebiscite.<a href="#cite_note-69">[63]</a></blockquote> Mujib was often a vocal defender of <a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">human rights</a>. Speaking on <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_assembly" title="Freedom of assembly">freedom of assembly</a> and <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech" title="Freedom of speech">freedom of speech</a>, he told Pakistan's parliament the following on 29 November 1955:- <blockquote>For whom are you going to frame the Constitution? Are you going to give freedom of speech, freedom of action to the people of Pakistan? When you do not have any other law under which you can arrest a person, you haul him under this so-called Public Safety Act. This is the blackest Act on the statute book of Pakistan. I do not know how long such an Act will continue. I want to warn you. Sir, that you must do justice to all people without fear or favour. If justice fails, equity fails, fair-play fails, then we will see how the matter is decided.<a href="#cite_note-Bangabandhu's_Voice_in_Parliament-70">[64]</a></blockquote> Mujib often called for increased recruitment and <a href="/wiki/Affirmative_action" title="Affirmative action">affirmative action</a> in East Pakistan. Bengalis were under-represented in the civil and military services despite making up the largest ethnic group in the federation.<a href="#cite_note-71">[65]</a> Mujib felt that Bengalis were being relegated to provincial jobs instead of federal jobs because most Bengalis could not afford to travel outside the province in spite of holding master's degrees and bachelor's degrees. A similar situation also prevailed under British rule when Bengali degree holders were employed mostly in the Bengal Civil Service instead of the pan-Indian civil service. In parliament, Mujib spoke about parity between East and West Pakistan on 4 February 1956 and said the following. <blockquote>It was stated that at the time of partition there was only one I.C.S. officer in East Bengal and there were no Engineers. I say that Bengal with 16 per cent literacy has only such a meagre representation in the service. Sir, this fact must be realised that it costs an individual Rs. 200 to come from East Bengal to this place. If you recruit in East Bengal and give a job you will find a large number of people from East Bengal coming forward. There are such a large number of M.As. and B. As....... (Interruptions)....... Sir, my time has been spoiled.<a href="#cite_note-Bangabandhu's_Voice_in_Parliament-70">[64]</a></blockquote> Mujib later became provincial minister of commerce and industries in the cabinet of <a href="/wiki/Ataur_Rahman_Khan" title="Ataur Rahman Khan">Ataur Rahman Khan</a>. These portfolios allowed Mujib to consolidate his popularity among the working class. The Awami League's demand for Bengali as a federal language was successfully implemented in the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Pakistan_of_1956" title="Constitution of Pakistan of 1956">1956 constitution</a>, which declared Urdu, Bengali and English as national languages. East Bengal, however, was renamed East Pakistan. In 1957, Mujib visited the People's Republic of China. In 1958, he toured the United States as part of the <a href="/wiki/State_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="State Department">State Department</a>'s <a href="/wiki/International_Visitor_Leadership_Program" title="International Visitor Leadership Program">International Visitor Leadership Program</a>.<a href="#cite_note-72">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[67]</a> Mujib resigned from the provincial cabinet to work full time for the Awami League as a party organiser.<a href="#cite_note-74">[68]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Suhrawardy_premiership">Suhrawardy premiership</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mujib_with_Shaheed_Shabeb.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Mujib_with_Shaheed_Shabeb.jpg/220px-Mujib_with_Shaheed_Shabeb.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Mujib_with_Shaheed_Shabeb.jpg/330px-Mujib_with_Shaheed_Shabeb.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Mujib_with_Shaheed_Shabeb.jpg/440px-Mujib_with_Shaheed_Shabeb.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1700" data-file-height="2118" /></a><figcaption>Mujib and Suhrawardy</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mujib_Suhrawardy_Zhou_Enlai.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Mujib_Suhrawardy_Zhou_Enlai.jpg/220px-Mujib_Suhrawardy_Zhou_Enlai.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Mujib_Suhrawardy_Zhou_Enlai.jpg/330px-Mujib_Suhrawardy_Zhou_Enlai.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Mujib_Suhrawardy_Zhou_Enlai.jpg/440px-Mujib_Suhrawardy_Zhou_Enlai.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1201" data-file-height="1485" /></a><figcaption>Mujib, wearing a <a href="/wiki/Sherwani" title="Sherwani">sherwani</a>, with Prime Minister Suhrawardy and Premier <a href="/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai">Zhou Enlai</a> at Dhaka Stadium in 1957</figcaption></figure> Between 1956 and 1957, Mujib's mentor Suhrawardy served as the 5th <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Pakistan" title="Prime Minister of Pakistan">Prime Minister of Pakistan</a>. Suhrawardy strengthened Pakistan's relations with the United States and China. Suhrawardy was a strong supporter of Pakistan's membership in <a href="/wiki/SEATO" class="mw-redirect" title="SEATO">SEATO</a> and <a href="/wiki/CENTO" class="mw-redirect" title="CENTO">CENTO</a>.<a href="#cite_note-75">[69]</a> Suhrawardy's pro-Western foreign policy caused Maulana Bhashani to break away from the Awami League to form the <a href="/wiki/National_Awami_Party" title="National Awami Party">National Awami Party</a>, though Mujib remained loyal to Suhrawardy. Mujib joined the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpha_Insurance_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alpha Insurance Company (page does not exist)">Alpha Insurance Company</a> in 1960.<a href="#cite_note-y148-76">[70]</a> He continued to work in the insurance industry for many years.<a href="#cite_note-77">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[73]</a> The <a href="/wiki/1958_Pakistani_military_coup" title="1958 Pakistani military coup">1958 Pakistani military coup</a> ended Pakistan's first era of parliamentary democracy as <a href="/wiki/Ayub_Khan" title="Ayub Khan">Muhammad Ayub Khan</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Pakistan_Army" title="Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army">commander-in-chief of the Pakistan Army</a>, overthrew the Bengali president <a href="/wiki/Iskandar_Ali_Mirza" class="mw-redirect" title="Iskandar Ali Mirza">Iskandar Ali Mirza</a> and abolished the 1956 constitution. Many politicians were imprisoned and disqualified from holding public office, including Mujib's mentor Suhrawardy.<a href="#cite_note-80">[74]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Pakistan_of_1962" title="Constitution of Pakistan of 1962">new constitution</a> was introduced by Ayub Khan which curtailed <a href="/wiki/Universal_suffrage" title="Universal suffrage">universal suffrage</a> and empowered electoral colleges to elect the country's parliament.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated10-81">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[76]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Six_point_movement">Six point movement</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Six_point_movement" title="Six point movement">Six point movement</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mujib_in_Jessore_with_Mosharraf_and_kadir_(1966).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Mujib_in_Jessore_with_Mosharraf_and_kadir_%281966%29.jpg/220px-Mujib_in_Jessore_with_Mosharraf_and_kadir_%281966%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Mujib_in_Jessore_with_Mosharraf_and_kadir_%281966%29.jpg/330px-Mujib_in_Jessore_with_Mosharraf_and_kadir_%281966%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Mujib_in_Jessore_with_Mosharraf_and_kadir_%281966%29.jpg/440px-Mujib_in_Jessore_with_Mosharraf_and_kadir_%281966%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>Mujib addressing supporters in <a href="/wiki/Jessore" title="Jessore">Jessore</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Six_point_movement" title="Six point movement">6-point movement</a> in 1966</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_1970_election_result.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_1970_election_result.jpg/220px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_1970_election_result.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_1970_election_result.jpg/330px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_1970_election_result.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_1970_election_result.jpg/440px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_1970_election_result.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2932" data-file-height="2084" /></a><figcaption>Sheikh Mujib with women leaders of the Awami League, including <a href="/wiki/Syeda_Sajeda_Chowdhury" title="Syeda Sajeda Chowdhury">Syeda Sajeda Chowdhury</a> and others. By the late 1960s, the <a href="/wiki/Mujib_coat" title="Mujib coat">Mujib coat</a> became his signature style.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Awami_League_leaders_after_the_1970_Pakistani_General_Election.webp" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Awami_League_leaders_after_the_1970_Pakistani_General_Election.webp/220px-Awami_League_leaders_after_the_1970_Pakistani_General_Election.webp.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Awami_League_leaders_after_the_1970_Pakistani_General_Election.webp/330px-Awami_League_leaders_after_the_1970_Pakistani_General_Election.webp.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Awami_League_leaders_after_the_1970_Pakistani_General_Election.webp/440px-Awami_League_leaders_after_the_1970_Pakistani_General_Election.webp.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1503" /></a><figcaption>Mujib with other Awami League leaders, including <a href="/wiki/Tajuddin_Ahmad" title="Tajuddin Ahmad">Tajuddin Ahmad</a> and <a href="/wiki/Syed_Nazrul_Islam" title="Syed Nazrul Islam">Syed Nazrul Islam</a></figcaption></figure> Following Suhrawardy's death in 1963, Mujib became General Secretary of the All Pakistan Awami League with <a href="/wiki/Nawabzada_Nasrullah_Khan" title="Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan">Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan</a> as its titular president.<a href="#cite_note-83">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[78]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Pakistan_of_1962" title="Constitution of Pakistan of 1962">1962 constitution</a> introduced a <a href="/wiki/Presidential_republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidential republic">presidential republic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-85">[79]</a> Mujib was one of the key leaders to rally opposition to president Ayub Khan who enacted a system of <a href="/wiki/Electoral_college" title="Electoral college">electoral colleges</a> to elect the country's parliament and president under a system known as "Basic Democracy".<a href="#cite_note-86">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated10-81">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-JSTOR2-87">[81]</a> <a href="/wiki/Universal_suffrage" title="Universal suffrage">Universal suffrage</a> was curtailed as part of the Basic Democracy scheme. Mujib supported opposition candidate <a href="/wiki/Fatima_Jinnah" title="Fatima Jinnah">Fatima Jinnah</a> against Ayub Khan in the <a href="/wiki/1965_Pakistani_presidential_election" title="1965 Pakistani presidential election">1965 presidential election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-88">[82]</a> Fatima Jinnah, the sister of Pakistan's founder Muhammad Ali Jinnah, drew huge crowds in East Pakistan during her presidential campaign which was supported by the Combined Opposition Party, including the Awami League.<a href="#cite_note-89">[83]</a> East Pakistan was the hotbed of opposition to the presidency of Ayub Khan.<a href="#cite_note-90">[84]</a> Mujib became popular for voicing the grievances of the Bengali population, including under-representation in the military and central bureaucracy.<a href="#cite_note-91">[85]</a> Despite generating most of Pakistan's export earnings and customs tax revenue, East Pakistan received a smaller budget allocation than West Pakistan.<a href="#cite_note-92">[86]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1965" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Pakistani War of 1965">1965 war between India and Pakistan</a> ended in stalemate. The <a href="/wiki/Tashkent_Declaration" title="Tashkent Declaration">Tashkent Declaration</a> was domestically seen as giving away Pakistan's gains to India. Ayub Khan's foreign minister <a href="/wiki/Zulfikar_Ali_Bhutto" title="Zulfikar Ali Bhutto">Zulfikar Ali Bhutto</a> resigned from the government,<a href="#cite_note-93">[87]</a> formed the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Peoples_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistan Peoples Party">Pakistan Peoples Party</a>, and exploited public discontent against the regime. In 1965, Pakistan banned the works of Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore in state media.<a href="#cite_note-94">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[90]</a> Censorship in state media spurred Bengali civil society groups like <a href="/wiki/Chhayanaut" title="Chhayanaut">Chhayanaut</a> to preserve Bengali culture. When Ayub Khan compared Bengalis to beasts, the poet <a href="/wiki/Sufia_Kamal" title="Sufia Kamal">Sufia Kamal</a> retorted that "If the people are beasts then as the President of the Republic, you are the king of the beasts".<a href="#cite_note-97">[91]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Ittefaq" title="The Daily Ittefaq">The Daily Ittefaq</a> led by <a href="/wiki/Tofazzal_Hossain_(civil_servant)" title="Tofazzal Hossain (civil servant)">Tofazzal Hossain</a> voiced growing aspirations for democracy, autonomy, and nationalism. Economists in Dhaka University pointed to the massive reallocation of revenue to West Pakistan despite East Pakistan's role in generating most of Pakistan's export income. <a href="/wiki/Rehman_Sobhan" title="Rehman Sobhan">Rehman Sobhan</a> paraphrased the <a href="/wiki/Two-nation_theory" title="Two-nation theory">two-nation theory</a> into the two economies theory.<a href="#cite_note-98">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[95]</a> He argued that East and West Pakistan had two fundamentally distinct economies within one country. In 1966, Mujib put forward a 6-point plan at a national conference of opposition parties in <a href="/wiki/Lahore" title="Lahore">Lahore</a>.<a href="#cite_note-REF-30">[24]</a> The city of Lahore was chosen because of its symbolism as the place where the <a href="/wiki/Lahore_Resolution" title="Lahore Resolution">Lahore Resolution</a> was adopted by the Muslim League in 1940. The six points called for abolishing the Basic Democracy scheme, restoring universal suffrage, devolving federal power to the provinces of East and West Pakistan, separate fiscal, monetary and trade policies for East and West Pakistan, and increased security spending for East Pakistan.<a href="#cite_note-102">[96]</a> <blockquote> <ol><li>The constitution should provide for a Federation of Pakistan in its true sense based on the <a href="/wiki/Lahore_Resolution" title="Lahore Resolution">Lahore Resolution</a> and the parliamentary form of government with supremacy of a legislature directly elected on the basis of universal adult franchise.</li> <li>The federal government should deal with only two subjects: defence and foreign affairs, and all other residuary subjects shall be vested in the federating states.</li> <li>Two separate, but freely convertible currencies for two wings should be introduced; or if this is not feasible, there should be one currency for the whole country, but effective constitutional provisions should be introduced to stop the flight of capital from East to West Pakistan. Furthermore, a separate banking reserve should be established and a separate fiscal and monetary policy be adopted for East Pakistan.</li> <li>The power of taxation and revenue collection shall be vested in the federating units and the federal center will have no such power. The Federation will be entitled to a share in the state taxes to meet its expenditures.</li> <li>There should be two separate accounts for the foreign exchange earnings of the two wings; the foreign exchange requirements of the federal government should be met by the two wings equally or in a ratio to be fixed; indigenous products should move free of duty between the two wings, and the constitution should empower the units to establish trade links with foreign countries.</li> <li>East Pakistan should have its own security force.</li></ol> </blockquote> Mujib's points catalysed public support across East Pakistan, launching what historians have termed the <a href="/wiki/Six_point_movement" title="Six point movement">six point movement</a> – recognised as the turning point towards East and West Pakistan becoming two nations.<a href="#cite_note-103">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[98]</a> Mujib insisted on a federal democracy and obtained broad support from the Bengali population.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKarim2005136–138-105">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-106">[100]</a> In 1966, Mujib was elected as President of the Awami League. <a href="/wiki/Tajuddin_Ahmad" title="Tajuddin Ahmad">Tajuddin Ahmad</a> succeeded him as General Secretary. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agartala_Conspiracy_Case">Agartala Conspiracy Case</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Agartala_Conspiracy_Case" title="Agartala Conspiracy Case">Agartala Conspiracy Case</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Release_of_Sheikh_Mujib_from_Prison.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Release_of_Sheikh_Mujib_from_Prison.jpg/220px-Release_of_Sheikh_Mujib_from_Prison.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Release_of_Sheikh_Mujib_from_Prison.jpg/330px-Release_of_Sheikh_Mujib_from_Prison.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Release_of_Sheikh_Mujib_from_Prison.jpg/440px-Release_of_Sheikh_Mujib_from_Prison.jpg 2x" data-file-width="825" data-file-height="951" /></a><figcaption>Sheikh Mujib being released from prison after a mass uprising in East Pakistan against the Agartala Conspiracy Case. Mujib often donned a South Asian prince suit.</figcaption></figure> Mujib was arrested by the Pakistan Army and after two years in jail, an official sedition trial in a military court opened. During his imprisonment between 1967 and 1969, Mujib began to write his autobiography.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated20-107">[101]</a> In what is widely known as the <a href="/wiki/Agartala_Conspiracy_Case" title="Agartala Conspiracy Case">Agartala Conspiracy Case</a>, Mujib and 34 Bengali military officers were accused by the government of colluding with Indian government agents in a scheme to divide Pakistan and threaten its unity, order and national security. The plot was alleged to have been planned in the city of <a href="/wiki/Agartala" title="Agartala">Agartala</a> in the bordering Indian state of <a href="/wiki/Tripura" title="Tripura">Tripura</a>.<a href="#cite_note-REF-30">[24]</a> The outcry and unrest over Mujib's arrest and the charge of sedition against him destabilised East Pakistan amidst large protests and strikes. Various Bengali political and student groups added demands to address the issues of students, workers and the poor, forming a larger "11-point plan". The government caved to the mounting pressure, dropped the charges on 22 February 1969 and unconditionally released Mujib the following day. He returned to East Pakistan as a public hero.<a href="#cite_note-Agartala_Conspiracy_Case_forty_years_on-108">[102]</a> He was given a mass reception on 23 February, at the <a href="/wiki/Ramna_Race_Course" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramna Race Course">Ramna Race Course</a> and conferred with the popular honorary title of Bangabandhu by <a href="/wiki/Tofail_Ahmed" title="Tofail Ahmed">Tofail Ahmed</a>.<a href="#cite_note-109">[103]</a> The term Bangabandhu means Friend of the Bengal in the Bengali language.<a href="#cite_note-Agartala_Conspiracy_Case_forty_years_on-108">[102]</a> Several of Bengal's historic leaders were given similar honorary titles, including Sher-e-Bangla (Lion of Bengal) for <a href="/wiki/A._K._Fazlul_Huq" title="A. K. Fazlul Huq">A. K. Fazlul Huq</a>, Deshbandhu (Friend of the Nation) for <a href="/wiki/Chittaranjan_Das" title="Chittaranjan Das">Chittaranjan Das</a>, and Netaji (The Leader) for <a href="/wiki/Subhash_Chandra_Bose" class="mw-redirect" title="Subhash Chandra Bose">Subhash Chandra Bose</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1969_uprising_and_Round_Table_Conference">1969 uprising and Round Table Conference</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1969_East_Pakistan_uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="1969 East Pakistan uprising">1969 East Pakistan uprising</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mass_uprising_1969_Dhaka_University.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Mass_uprising_1969_Dhaka_University.jpg/220px-Mass_uprising_1969_Dhaka_University.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Mass_uprising_1969_Dhaka_University.jpg/330px-Mass_uprising_1969_Dhaka_University.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Mass_uprising_1969_Dhaka_University.jpg/440px-Mass_uprising_1969_Dhaka_University.jpg 2x" data-file-width="737" data-file-height="728" /></a><figcaption>Students in Dhaka University demanding the release of political prisoners, including Sheikh Mujib</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheikh_Mujib_and_Ayub_Khan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Sheikh_Mujib_and_Ayub_Khan.jpg/220px-Sheikh_Mujib_and_Ayub_Khan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Sheikh_Mujib_and_Ayub_Khan.jpg/330px-Sheikh_Mujib_and_Ayub_Khan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Sheikh_Mujib_and_Ayub_Khan.jpg/440px-Sheikh_Mujib_and_Ayub_Khan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="503" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ayub_Khan" title="Ayub Khan">Ayub Khan</a> and Sheikh Mujib shaking hands at the Round Table Conference in <a href="/wiki/West_Pakistan" title="West Pakistan">West Pakistan</a>, 1969</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Round_Table_Conference_in_Pakistan_in_1969.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Round_Table_Conference_in_Pakistan_in_1969.jpg/220px-Round_Table_Conference_in_Pakistan_in_1969.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Round_Table_Conference_in_Pakistan_in_1969.jpg/330px-Round_Table_Conference_in_Pakistan_in_1969.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Round_Table_Conference_in_Pakistan_in_1969.jpg/440px-Round_Table_Conference_in_Pakistan_in_1969.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="299" /></a><figcaption>Sheikh Mujib and President Ayub Khan seated opposite each other at the Round Table Conference in 1969</figcaption></figure> In 1969, President Ayub Khan convened a Round Table Conference with opposition parties to find a way out of the prevailing political impasse. A few days after his release from prison, Mujib flew to <a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi" title="Rawalpindi">Rawalpindi</a> to attend the Round Table Conference.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated8-110">[104]</a> Mujib sought to bargain for East Pakistan's autonomy. Mujib was the most powerful opposition leader at the Round Table Conference. Ayub Khan shook hands with Mujib, whom Khan previously had imprisoned. Talking to British media, Mujib said "East Pakistan must get full regional autonomy. It must be self-sufficient in all respects. It must get its due share and legitimate share in the central administration. The West Pakistani people support [East Pakistani demands]. Only the vested interests want to divide the people of East and West Pakistan".<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated8-110">[104]</a> When asked about the prospect of East Pakistan ruling West Pakistan if the Awami League gained power, Mujib replied that majority rule is important in a democracy but the people of East Pakistan had no intention to discriminate against West Pakistan, and that West Pakistani parties would continue to play an important role.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated8-110">[104]</a> Mujib toured West Pakistani cities by train after the Round Table Conference. West Pakistani crowds received him with chants of "Sheikh Saheb Zindabad!" (meaning Long Live the Sheikh!).<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated9-111">[105]</a> He was received by huge crowds in <a href="/wiki/Quetta" title="Quetta">Quetta</a>, Baluchistan. He spoke to West Pakistani crowds in a heavily Bengali accent of <a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a>, talking about chhey nukati (six points) and hum chhoy dofa mangta sab ke liye.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated9-111">[105]</a> Mujib demanded that Pakistan accept his six-point plan for federal democracy. He wasn't satisfied by Ayub Khan's pledges. When he returned to Dhaka, he declared that East Pakistan should be known as Bangladesh. On 5 December 1969 Mujib made a declaration at a public meeting, held to observe the death anniversary of his mentor Suhrawardy, that henceforth East Pakistan would be called "Bangladesh": <blockquote>There was a time when all efforts were made to erase the word "Bangla" from this land and its map. The existence of the word "Bangla" was found nowhere except in the term Bay of Bengal. I on behalf of Pakistan announce today that this land will be called "Bangladesh" instead of East Pakistan.<a href="#cite_note-BAL-66">[60]</a></blockquote> Mujib's fiery rhetoric ignited Bengali nationalism and pro-independence aspirations among the masses, students, professionals, and intellectuals of East Pakistan. Many observers believed that Bengali nationalism was a rejection of Pakistan's founding two-nation theory but Mujib never phrased his rhetoric in these terms.<a href="#cite_note-GPSA-112">[106]</a> Mujib was able to galvanise support throughout East Pakistan, which was home to the majority of Pakistan's population. He became one of the most powerful political figures in the <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a>. Bengalis increasingly referred to him as Bangabandhu. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1970_election">1970 election</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1970_Pakistani_general_election" title="1970 Pakistani general election">1970 Pakistani general election</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_1970_meeting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_1970_meeting.jpg/220px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_1970_meeting.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_1970_meeting.jpg/330px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_1970_meeting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_1970_meeting.jpg/440px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_1970_meeting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1145" /></a><figcaption>Sheikh Mujib addressing a huge rally in Dhaka's <a href="/wiki/Paltan_Maidan" class="mw-redirect" title="Paltan Maidan">Paltan Maidan</a> in 1970</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_1970_election_campaign_train_station.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_1970_election_campaign_train_station.jpg/220px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_1970_election_campaign_train_station.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="340" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_1970_election_campaign_train_station.jpg/330px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_1970_election_campaign_train_station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_1970_election_campaign_train_station.jpg/440px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_1970_election_campaign_train_station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2084" data-file-height="3216" /></a><figcaption>Sheikh Mujib waving to crowds from a train during his election campaign in 1970</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_election_rally_1970.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_election_rally_1970.jpg/220px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_election_rally_1970.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_election_rally_1970.jpg/330px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_election_rally_1970.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_election_rally_1970.jpg/440px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_election_rally_1970.jpg 2x" data-file-width="992" data-file-height="558" /></a><figcaption>Mujib campaigning before the 1970 election</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_casting_ballot_1970_election.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_casting_ballot_1970_election.jpg/220px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_casting_ballot_1970_election.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_casting_ballot_1970_election.jpg/330px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_casting_ballot_1970_election.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_casting_ballot_1970_election.jpg/440px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_casting_ballot_1970_election.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2972" data-file-height="2116" /></a><figcaption>Sheikh Mujib casting his <a href="/wiki/Ballot" title="Ballot">ballot</a> during the general election in 1970</figcaption></figure> In March 1969, Ayub Khan resigned and <a href="/wiki/Yahya_Khan" title="Yahya Khan">Yahya Khan</a> became president. Prior to the scheduled general election for 1970, one of the <a href="/wiki/1970_Bhola_cyclone" title="1970 Bhola cyclone">most powerful cyclones on record</a> devastated East Pakistan, leaving half a million people dead and millions displaced. President Yahya Khan, who was flying back from China after the cyclone, viewed the devastation from the air. The ruling military junta was slow to respond with relief efforts. Newspapers in East Pakistan accused the federal government of "gross neglect, callous inattention, and bitter indifference".<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated11-113">[107]</a> Mujib remarked that "We have a large army but it is left to the British Marines to bury our dead".<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated11-113">[107]</a> International aid had to pour in due to the slow response of the Pakistani military regime. Bengalis were outraged at what was widely considered to be the weak and ineffective response of the federal government to the disaster.<a href="#cite_note-country-studies1966-114">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[109]</a> Public opinion and political parties in East Pakistan blamed the ruling military junta for the lack of relief efforts. The dissatisfaction led to divisions between East Pakistanis and West Pakistanis within the civil services, police and Pakistani Armed Forces.<a href="#cite_note-country-studies1966-114">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[110]</a> In the Pakistani general elections <a href="/wiki/1970_Pakistani_general_election" title="1970 Pakistani general election">held on 7 December 1970</a>, the Awami League won 167 out of 169 seats belonging to East Pakistan in the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Pakistan" title="National Assembly of Pakistan">National Assembly of Pakistan</a>, as well as a landslide in the <a href="/wiki/East_Pakistan_Provincial_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="East Pakistan Provincial Assembly">East Pakistan Provincial Assembly</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaushikPatnayak1995295-117">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-REF-30">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[112]</a> The Awami League emerged as the single largest party in the federal parliament of Pakistan. With 167 seats, it was past the halfway mark of 150 seats in the 300 member national assembly and had the right to form a government of its own. Sheikh Mujib was widely considered to be the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister-elect" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister-elect">Prime Minister-elect</a>, including by President Yahya Khan. The Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) came in second with 86 seats. The new parliament was scheduled to hold its first sitting in Dhaka, Pakistan's legislative capital under the 1962 constitution. The political crisis emerged when PPP leader Zulfikar Ali Bhutto declared that his party would boycott parliament if Mujib formed the next government. Bhutto threatened to break the legs of any West Pakistani MP-elect who accepted Mujib's mandate.<a href="#cite_note-119">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-120">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-124">[118]</a> However, <a href="/wiki/Khan_Abdul_Wali_Khan" class="mw-redirect" title="Khan Abdul Wali Khan">Khan Abdul Wali Khan</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Awami_National_Party" title="Awami National Party">Awami National Party</a> from <a href="/wiki/North_West_Frontier_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="North West Frontier Province">North West Frontier Province</a> was open to accepting an Awami League government and travelled to Dhaka to meet with Mujib.<a href="#cite_note-125">[119]</a> Many in Pakistan's <a href="/wiki/Establishment_(Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Establishment (Pakistan)">establishment</a> were opposed to Mujib becoming Pakistan's prime minister. At the time neither Mujib nor the Awami League had explicitly advocated political independence for East Pakistan, but smaller nationalist groups were demanding independence for Bangladesh.<a href="#cite_note-126">[120]</a> After the election victory, Mujib was ornamented as "Sher-e-Pakistan" (Lion of Pakistan) on a newspaper ad published on <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Ittefaq" title="The Daily Ittefaq">The Daily Ittefaq</a> on 3 January 1971.<a href="#cite_note-127">[121]</a> Both Bhutto and Yahya Khan travelled to Dhaka for negotiations with the Awami League. Mujib's delegation included the notable lawyer and constitutional expert <a href="/wiki/Kamal_Hossain" title="Kamal Hossain">Kamal Hossain</a>. The Bengali negotiating position is extensively discussed in Kamal Hossain's autobiography Bangladesh: Quest for Freedom and Justice.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated12-128">[122]</a> The Pakistani government was represented by former chief justice <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Robert_Cornelius" title="Alvin Robert Cornelius">Alvin Robert Cornelius</a>. At the <a href="/wiki/InterContinental_Dhaka" title="InterContinental Dhaka">InterContinental Dhaka</a>, Bengali chefs refused to cook food for Yahya Khan.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated12-128">[122]</a> Governor <a href="/wiki/Sahabzada_Yaqub_Khan" title="Sahabzada Yaqub Khan">Sahabzada Yaqub Khan</a> requested the Awami League to end the strike of the chefs at the InterContinental Hotel.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated12-128">[122]</a> Bhutto feared civil war, and sent a secret message to Mujib and his inner circle to arrange a meeting with them.<a href="#cite_note-Hassan-129">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[124]</a> <a href="/wiki/Mubashir_Hassan" title="Mubashir Hassan">Mubashir Hassan</a> met with Mujib and persuaded him to form a coalition government with Bhutto. They decided that Bhutto would serve as president, with Mujib as Prime Minister. These developments took place secretly and no Pakistan Armed Forces personnel were kept informed. Meanwhile, Bhutto increased the pressure on Yahya Khan to take a stand on dissolving the government.<a href="#cite_note-131">[125]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Imprisonment">Imprisonment</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1938–1941">1938–1941</h3></div> In 1938, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman went to the house of Gopalganj Hindu Mahasabha president Suren Banerjee when his classmate friend Abdul Malek was beaten up. Sheikh Mujib was arrested for the first time in a case filed by the leaders of the Hindu Mahasabha when the scuffle took place there.<a href="#cite_note-First_TBS-132">[126]</a> After seven days in jail, Sheikh Mujib was released when the case was dropped through settlement.<a href="#cite_note-4682_BDNEWS-133">[127]</a> In addition, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was temporarily arrested twice for making a speech and staying at the meeting place during disturbances while being the vice-president of the Faridpur district branch of the All Bengal Muslim Chhatra League in 1941.<a href="#cite_note-4682_BDNEWS-133">[127]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1948–1972">1948–1972</h3></div> After the establishment of Pakistan, Sheikh Mujib was in jail for five days from 11 March – 15 March 1948. He was arrested on 11 September of the same year and released on 21 January 1949. He spent 132 days in prison during this period. Then on 19 April 1949, he was again taken to jail and was released on 28 June after serving 80 days of imprisonment. At that point he spent 27 days in prison. In the same year, i.e., 63 days from 25 October to 27 December 1949 and 787 consecutive days from 1 January 1950 to 26 February 1952.<a href="#cite_note-4682_BDNEWS-133">[127]</a> Sheikh Mujib had to spend 206 days in prison even after winning the United Front elections in 1954. Sheikh Mujib was arrested again on 11 October 1958 after Ayub Khan imposed martial law. At this time, he had to spend 1 thousand 153 consecutive days in prison. Then he was arrested again on 6 January 1962 and released on 18 June of that year. He spent 158 days in prison. Then in 1964 and 1965 he was in prison for 665 days in different terms. After making the six-point proposal, he was arrested at the place where he went to hold the rally. At that time, he held 32 public meetings and spent 90 days in prison for different periods. Then he was arrested again on 8 May 1966 and was released on 22 February 1969 through a popular uprising. At that time he was in prison for 1,021 days. He was arrested by the Pakistan government soon after declaring independence in the early hours of 26 March 1971. During this period he was in prison for 288 days.<a href="#cite_note-4682_days-17">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-4682_BDNEWS-133">[127]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Establishment_of_Bangladesh">Establishment of Bangladesh</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-POV plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-POV" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/45px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/68px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/90px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="354" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">The <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">neutrality</a> of this section is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NPOV_dispute" title="Wikipedia:NPOV dispute">disputed</a>. Relevant discussion may be found on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Talk:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">talk page</a>. Please do not remove this message until <a href="/wiki/Template:POV#When_to_remove" title="Template:POV">conditions to do so are met</a>. (November 2024) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Non-cooperation_movement_(1971)" title="Non-cooperation movement (1971)">Non-cooperation movement (1971)</a>, <a href="/wiki/7_March_Speech_of_Bangabandhu" class="mw-redirect" title="7 March Speech of Bangabandhu">7 March Speech of Bangabandhu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">Bangladesh Liberation War</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Bangladesh" title="Provisional Government of Bangladesh">Provisional Government of Bangladesh</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Civil_disobedience">Civil disobedience</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eternal_FlameKazi_Nazrul_Islam_Ave,_Dhaka.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Eternal_FlameKazi_Nazrul_Islam_Ave%2C_Dhaka.jpg/220px-Eternal_FlameKazi_Nazrul_Islam_Ave%2C_Dhaka.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Eternal_FlameKazi_Nazrul_Islam_Ave%2C_Dhaka.jpg/330px-Eternal_FlameKazi_Nazrul_Islam_Ave%2C_Dhaka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Eternal_FlameKazi_Nazrul_Islam_Ave%2C_Dhaka.jpg/440px-Eternal_FlameKazi_Nazrul_Islam_Ave%2C_Dhaka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>The Eternal Flame is a national monument commemorating <a href="/wiki/7_March_Speech_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="7 March Speech of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Mujib's speech on 7 March 1971</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Struggle_for_Independence_-_Terracotta_Mural_-_Museum_of_Independence_-_Suhrawardy_Udyan_-_Dhaka_2015-05-31_2200.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Struggle_for_Independence_-_Terracotta_Mural_-_Museum_of_Independence_-_Suhrawardy_Udyan_-_Dhaka_2015-05-31_2200.JPG/220px-Struggle_for_Independence_-_Terracotta_Mural_-_Museum_of_Independence_-_Suhrawardy_Udyan_-_Dhaka_2015-05-31_2200.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Struggle_for_Independence_-_Terracotta_Mural_-_Museum_of_Independence_-_Suhrawardy_Udyan_-_Dhaka_2015-05-31_2200.JPG/330px-Struggle_for_Independence_-_Terracotta_Mural_-_Museum_of_Independence_-_Suhrawardy_Udyan_-_Dhaka_2015-05-31_2200.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Struggle_for_Independence_-_Terracotta_Mural_-_Museum_of_Independence_-_Suhrawardy_Udyan_-_Dhaka_2015-05-31_2200.JPG/440px-Struggle_for_Independence_-_Terracotta_Mural_-_Museum_of_Independence_-_Suhrawardy_Udyan_-_Dhaka_2015-05-31_2200.JPG 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Terracotta" title="Terracotta">Terracotta</a> art of Mujib's 7th March Speech at <a href="/wiki/Suhrawardy_Udyan" title="Suhrawardy Udyan">Suhrawardy Udyan</a></figcaption></figure> The National Assembly was scheduled to meet in Dhaka on 3 March 1971. President Yahya Khan indefinitely postponed the assembly's first sitting, which triggered an uprising in East Pakistan. The cities of Dhaka, <a href="/wiki/Chittagong" title="Chittagong">Chittagong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rajshahi" title="Rajshahi">Rajshahi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rangpur,_Bangladesh" title="Rangpur, Bangladesh">Rangpur</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Khulna" title="Khulna">Khulna</a> were engulfed with protests. Amid signs of an impending crackdown, Mujib addressed the people of East Pakistan on 7 March 1971 at the Ramna Race Course Maidan.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaushikPatnayak1995296-134">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-thedailystar.net-135">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated18-136">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-youtube.com-137">[131]</a> In his speech, Mujib laid out the political history of Pakistan since partition and told the crowd that "[w]e gave blood in 1952; we won a mandate in 1954; but we were still not allowed to take up the reins of this country".<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated13-138">[132]</a> While Mujib stopped short of declaring outright independence, he stated that the goal of the Awami League from then on would be eventual independence. He declared that the Awami League would collect taxes and form committees in every neighbourhood to organise resistance. He called on the people "to turn every house into a fortress".<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated13-138">[132]</a> His most famous words from the speech were the following. <blockquote>This time the struggle is for our liberation! This time the struggle is for our independence!<a href="#cite_note-thedailystar.net-135">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-youtube.com-137">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-Time-139">[133]</a> (For more info, see: <a href="/wiki/7_March_Speech_of_Bangabandhu" class="mw-redirect" title="7 March Speech of Bangabandhu">7 March Speech of Bangabandhu</a>)<a href="#cite_note-140">[134]</a></blockquote> Following the speech, 17 days of civil disobedience known as the <a href="/wiki/Non-cooperation_movement_(1971)" title="Non-cooperation movement (1971)">non-cooperation movement</a> took place across East Pakistan.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaushikPatnayak1995296-134">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-thedailystar.net-135">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated18-136">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-youtube.com-137">[131]</a> The Awami League began to collect taxes while all monetary transfers to West Pakistan were suspended. East Pakistan came under the de facto control of the Awami League. On 23 March 1971, <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Bangladesh" title="Flag of Bangladesh">Bangladeshi flags</a> were flown throughout East Pakistan on Pakistan's Republic Day as a show of resistance. The Awami League and the Pakistani military leadership continued negotiations over the transfer of power. However, West Pakistani troops were being flown into the eastern wing through <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_International_Airlines" title="Pakistan International Airlines">PIA</a> flights while arms were being unloaded from <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Navy" title="Pakistan Navy">Pakistan Navy</a> ships in Chittagong harbour.<a href="#cite_note-141">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[136]</a> The Pakistani military was preparing for a crackdown. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Outbreak_of_war">Outbreak of war</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Bangladeshi_Independence" title="Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence">Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheikh_Mujib_under_Pakistani_military_custody_in_1971.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Sheikh_Mujib_under_Pakistani_military_custody_in_1971.jpg/220px-Sheikh_Mujib_under_Pakistani_military_custody_in_1971.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Sheikh_Mujib_under_Pakistani_military_custody_in_1971.jpg/330px-Sheikh_Mujib_under_Pakistani_military_custody_in_1971.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Sheikh_Mujib_under_Pakistani_military_custody_in_1971.jpg/440px-Sheikh_Mujib_under_Pakistani_military_custody_in_1971.jpg 2x" data-file-width="701" data-file-height="618" /></a><figcaption>Sheikh Mujib under Pakistani military custody after he was arrested and flown to West Pakistan during the <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">Bangladesh Liberation War</a></figcaption></figure> Talks broke down on 25 March 1971 when Yahya Khan left Dhaka, declared martial law, banned the Awami League and ordered the Pakistan Army to arrest Mujib and other Bengali leaders and activists.<a href="#cite_note-thedailystar.net-135">[129]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Army" title="Pakistan Army">Pakistan Army</a> launched <a href="/wiki/Operation_Searchlight" title="Operation Searchlight">Operation Searchlight</a>. Mujib sent telegrams to <a href="/wiki/Chittagong" title="Chittagong">Chittagong</a> where <a href="/wiki/M._A._Hannan" title="M. A. Hannan">M. A. Hannan</a> from the Awami League and Major <a href="/wiki/Ziaur_Rahman" title="Ziaur Rahman">Ziaur Rahman</a> from the <a href="/wiki/East_Bengal_Regiment" title="East Bengal Regiment">East Bengal Regiment</a> announced the <a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_declaration_of_independence" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladeshi declaration of independence">Bangladeshi declaration of independence</a> on Mujib's behalf. The text of Mujib's telegram sent at midnight on 26 March 1971 stated the following: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">This may be my last message, from today Bangladesh is independent. I call upon the people of Bangladesh wherever you might be and with whatever you have, to resist the army of occupation to the last. Your fight must go on until the last soldier of the Pakistan occupation army is expelled from the soil of Bangladesh and final victory is achieved.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated14-19">[13]</a></blockquote> Shortly after having declared the independence of Bangladesh,<a href="#cite_note-143">[137]</a> Mujib was arrested without charges and flown to prison in West Pakistan after midnight. Mujib was moved to West Pakistan and kept under heavy guard in a jail near <a href="/wiki/Faisalabad" title="Faisalabad">Faisalabad</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Time-139">[133]</a> Sheikh Mujib was later moved to <a href="/wiki/Central_Jail_Mianwali" title="Central Jail Mianwali">Central Jail Mianwali</a> where he remained in <a href="/wiki/Solitary_confinement" title="Solitary confinement">solitary confinement</a> for the entirety of the war.<a href="#cite_note-Pakistani_jailer_remembers_incarcerated_Bangabandhu-144">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bangabandhu_in_Mianwali_Jail-145">[139]</a> <a href="/wiki/Kamal_Hossain" title="Kamal Hossain">Kamal Hossain</a> was also arrested and flown to West Pakistan while many other League leaders escaped to India.<a href="#cite_note-146">[140]</a> Pakistani general <a href="/wiki/Rahimuddin_Khan" title="Rahimuddin Khan">Rahimuddin Khan</a> was appointed to preside over Mujib's <a href="/wiki/Court-martial" title="Court-martial">court-martial</a> trial, the proceedings of which have never been made public.<a href="#cite_note-147">[141]</a> Mujib was sentenced to death but his execution was deferred on three occasions.<a href="#cite_note-Pakistani_jailer_remembers_incarcerated_Bangabandhu-144">[138]</a> The Pakistan Army's operations in East Pakistan were widely labelled as <a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">genocide</a>.<a href="#cite_note-148">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-SelectiveGenocide-149">[143]</a> The Pakistan Army carried out <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_genocide" title="Bangladesh genocide">atrocities</a> against Bengali civilians. With help from <a href="/wiki/Jamaat-e-Islami" title="Jamaat-e-Islami">Jamaat</a> militias like the <a href="/wiki/Razakars_(Pakistan)" title="Razakars (Pakistan)">Razakars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Al-Badr_(East_Pakistan)" title="Al-Badr (East Pakistan)">Al-Badr</a> and <a href="/wiki/Al-Shams_(East_Pakistan)" title="Al-Shams (East Pakistan)">Al-Shams</a>, the army targeted Bengali intellectuals, professionals, politicians, students, and other ordinary civilians. Many Bengali women suffered <a href="/wiki/Rape_during_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Rape during the Bangladesh Liberation War">rape</a>. Due to the deteriorating situation, large numbers of Hindus fled across the border to the neighbouring Indian states of <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>, Assam and <a href="/wiki/Tripura" title="Tripura">Tripura</a>.<a href="#cite_note-usstatedept_south_asia_crisis-150">[144]</a> Bengali army and police regiments soon <a href="/wiki/Mutiny" title="Mutiny">revolted</a> and League leaders formed the <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Bangladesh" title="Provisional Government of Bangladesh">Provisional Government of Bangladesh</a>. A major insurgency led by the <a href="/wiki/Mukti_Bahini" title="Mukti Bahini">Mukti Bahini</a> arose across East Pakistan. Despite international pressure, the Pakistani government refused to release Mujib and negotiate with him. Mujib's family was kept under house arrest during this period. <a href="/wiki/General_Osmani" class="mw-redirect" title="General Osmani">General Osmani</a> was the key military commanding officer in the Mukti Bahini. Following <a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1971" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Pakistani War of 1971">Indian intervention</a> in December, the <a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Instrument_of_Surrender" title="Pakistani Instrument of Surrender">Pakistan Army surrendered</a> to the allied forces of Bangladesh and India.<a href="#cite_note-151">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-152">[146]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Homecoming">Homecoming</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="width: 210px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PsTOIiJr7so">US media coverage on Mujib's homecoming</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Homecoming_Speech_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_on_10_January_1972.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4f/Homecoming_Speech_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_on_10_January_1972.jpg/192px-Homecoming_Speech_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_on_10_January_1972.jpg" decoding="async" width="192" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4f/Homecoming_Speech_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_on_10_January_1972.jpg/288px-Homecoming_Speech_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_on_10_January_1972.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4f/Homecoming_Speech_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_on_10_January_1972.jpg/384px-Homecoming_Speech_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_on_10_January_1972.jpg 2x" data-file-width="392" data-file-height="254" /></a><figcaption>Sheikh Mujib's homecoming speech in Dhaka on 10 January 1972</figcaption></figure> Upon assuming the presidency after Yahya Khan's resignation, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto responded to international pressure and released Mujib on 8 January 1972.<a href="#cite_note-153">[147]</a> Kamal Hossain was also released. Bhutto and <a href="/wiki/Aziz_Ahmed_(civil_servant)" title="Aziz Ahmed (civil servant)">Aziz Ahmed</a> secretly met Mujib and Kamal Hossain in <a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi" title="Rawalpindi">Rawalpindi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-154">[148]</a> Bhutto proposed a last minute attempt at mediation through the <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi" title="Mohammad Reza Pahlavi">Shah of Iran</a>, who was scheduled to arrive the next day.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated12-128">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated15-155">[149]</a> Mujib declined the offer after consulting with Kamal Hossain. Mujib requested a flight to London.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated12-128">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated15-155">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-156">[150]</a> Both Mujib and Hossain were then flown to London. En route to London, their plane made a stopover in <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> for refuelling.<a href="#cite_note-157">[151]</a> In London, Mujib was welcomed by British officials and a policeman remarked "Sir, we have been praying for you".<a href="#cite_note-158">[152]</a> Mujib was lodged at <a href="/wiki/Claridge%27s_Hotel" class="mw-redirect" title="Claridge's Hotel">Claridge's Hotel</a> and later met with British Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Edward_Heath" title="Edward Heath">Edward Heath</a> at <a href="/wiki/10_Downing_Street" title="10 Downing Street">10 Downing Street</a>. Heath and Mujib discussed Bangladesh's membership of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth</a>. Crowds of Bengalis converged on Claridge's Hotel to get a glimpse of Mujib.<a href="#cite_note-159">[153]</a> Mujib held his first press conference in nine months and addressed the international media at Claridge's Hotel. He made the following remarks at the press conference. <blockquote>I am free to share the unbounded joy of freedom with my fellow countrymen. We have won our freedom in an epic liberation struggle.<a href="#cite_note-160">[154]</a></blockquote> Mujib was provided an <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">RAF</a> plane by the British government to take him back to newly independent Bangladesh. He was accompanied on the flight by members of the Provisional Government of Bangladesh, as well as an emissary of India's premier Indira Gandhi. The emissary was Indian Bengali diplomat Shashank Banerjee, who recounted Mujib smoking his trademark smoking pipe with Erinmore tobacco.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated19-161">[155]</a> During the flight, both men agreed that Bangladesh would adopt the <a href="/wiki/Westminster" title="Westminster">Westminster</a> style of parliamentary government. On Indira Gandhi's hopes for Bangladesh, Banerjee told Mujib that "on India's eastern flank, she wished to have a friendly power, a prosperous economy, and a secular democracy, with a parliamentary system of government".<a href="#cite_note-162">[156]</a> Regarding the presence of Indian troops in Bangladesh, Mujib requested Banerjee to convey to the Indian government that Indian troops should be withdrawn as early as possible.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated19-161">[155]</a> The RAF <a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Comet" title="De Havilland Comet">de Havilland Comet</a> made a stopover in the Middle East en route to Dhaka.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated19-161">[155]</a> The RAF plane then made a stopover in New Delhi. Mujib was received by Indian President <a href="/wiki/Varahagiri_Venkata_Giri" class="mw-redirect" title="Varahagiri Venkata Giri">V. V. Giri</a> and Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi" title="Indira Gandhi">Indira Gandhi</a>, as well as the entire Indian cabinet and chiefs of armed forces. Delhi was given a festive look as Mujib and Gandhi addressed a huge crowd where he publicly expressed his gratitude to Gandhi and the Indian public.<a href="#cite_note-163">[157]</a> After a few hours in Delhi, the RAF plane flew Mujib to Dhaka in independent Bangladesh. Before the plane landed, it circled the city to view the million people who converged on <a href="/wiki/Tejgaon_Airport" title="Tejgaon Airport">Tejgaon Airport</a> to greet Mujib.<a href="#cite_note-164">[158]</a> In Dhaka, Mujib's homecoming was described as "one of the most emotional outbursts in that emotional part of the world".<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated17-165">[159]</a> Crowds overwhelmed the airport tarmac and breached the security cordon as cabinet ministers went inside the plane to bring Mujib out. Mujib was given a <a href="/wiki/Guard_of_honour" title="Guard of honour">guard of honour</a> by members of the nascent <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Army" title="Bangladesh Army">Bangladesh Army</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Navy" title="Bangladesh Navy">Bangladesh Navy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Air_Force" title="Bangladesh Air Force">Bangladesh Air Force</a>.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated17-165">[159]</a> Mujib was driven in an open truck through the dense crowds for a speech at the Ramna Race Course, where ten months earlier he had announced the liberation movement.<a href="#cite_note-170">[g]</a> Mujib's emotional speech to the million-strong crowd was caught on camera by <a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Silverstone" title="Marilyn Silverstone">Marilyn Silverstone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rashid_Talukdar" class="mw-redirect" title="Rashid Talukdar">Rashid Talukdar</a>; the photos of his homecoming day have become iconic in Bangladeshi political and popular culture.<a href="#cite_note-171">[164]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governing_Bangladesh">Governing Bangladesh</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Premiership_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Premiership of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Premiership of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Bangladesh_Gazette,_July_6,_1972.pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/The_Bangladesh_Gazette%2C_July_6%2C_1972.pdf/page1-220px-The_Bangladesh_Gazette%2C_July_6%2C_1972.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="336" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/The_Bangladesh_Gazette%2C_July_6%2C_1972.pdf/page1-330px-The_Bangladesh_Gazette%2C_July_6%2C_1972.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/The_Bangladesh_Gazette%2C_July_6%2C_1972.pdf/page1-440px-The_Bangladesh_Gazette%2C_July_6%2C_1972.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1220" data-file-height="1866" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Gazette" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladesh Gazette">Bangladesh Gazette</a> of 6 July 1972. The gazette officially published decisions and new laws of the government.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_with_Bangladesh_Air_Force_personnel_(03).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_with_Bangladesh_Air_Force_personnel_%2803%29.png/220px-Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_with_Bangladesh_Air_Force_personnel_%2803%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_with_Bangladesh_Air_Force_personnel_%2803%29.png/330px-Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_with_Bangladesh_Air_Force_personnel_%2803%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_with_Bangladesh_Air_Force_personnel_%2803%29.png/440px-Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_with_Bangladesh_Air_Force_personnel_%2803%29.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Mujib inspecting a guard of honour from <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Air_Force" title="Bangladesh Air Force">Bangladesh Air Force</a> personnel</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bangabandhu_Cox%27s_Bazar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Bangabandhu_Cox%27s_Bazar.jpg/220px-Bangabandhu_Cox%27s_Bazar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Bangabandhu_Cox%27s_Bazar.jpg/330px-Bangabandhu_Cox%27s_Bazar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Bangabandhu_Cox%27s_Bazar.jpg/440px-Bangabandhu_Cox%27s_Bazar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="422" /></a><figcaption>Mujib in <a href="/wiki/Cox%27s_Bazar" title="Cox's Bazar">Cox's Bazar</a></figcaption></figure> Mujib briefly assumed the provisional presidency and later took office as the prime minister. In January 1972 <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a> magazine reported that "[i]n the aftermath of the Pakistani army's rampage last March, a special team of inspectors from the World Bank observed that some cities looked "like the morning after a nuclear attack". Since then, the destruction has only been magnified. An estimated 6,000,000 homes have been destroyed, and nearly 1,400,000 farm families have been left without tools or animals to work their lands. Transportation and communications systems are totally disrupted. Roads are damaged, bridges out and inland waterways blocked. The rape of the country continued right up until the Pakistani army surrendered a month ago. In the last days of the war, West Pakistani-owned businesses – which included nearly every commercial enterprise in the country – remitted virtually all their funds to the West. Pakistan International Airlines left exactly 117 rupees ($16) in its account at the port city of Chittagong. The army also destroyed bank notes and coins, so that many areas now suffer from a severe shortage of ready cash. Private cars were picked up off the streets or confiscated from auto dealers and shipped to the West before the ports were closed.<a href="#cite_note-172">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-theasian-173">[166]</a> [<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#Punctuation" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">check quotation syntax</a>] The new government of Bangladesh quickly converted East Pakistan's state apparatus into the machinery of an independent Bangladeshi state. For example, a presidential decree transformed the High Court of East Pakistan into the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Bangladesh" title="Supreme Court of Bangladesh">Supreme Court of Bangladesh</a>.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated5-174">[167]</a> The Awami League successfully reorganised the bureaucracy, framed a <a href="/wiki/Written_constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Written constitution">written constitution</a>, and rehabilitated war victims and survivors. In January 1972, Mujib introduced a <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_republic" title="Parliamentary republic">parliamentary republic</a> through a presidential decree.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated5-174">[167]</a> The emerging state structure was influenced by the <a href="/wiki/Westminster" title="Westminster">Westminster</a> model in which the Prime Minister was the most powerful leader while the President acted on the government's advice. MPs elected during the 1970 general election became members of the <a href="/wiki/Constituent_Assembly_of_Bangladesh" title="Constituent Assembly of Bangladesh">Constituent Assembly of Bangladesh</a>. The Constitution Drafting Committee led by Dr. <a href="/wiki/Kamal_Hossain" title="Kamal Hossain">Kamal Hossain</a> produced a draft constitution which was adopted on 4 November 1972 and came into force on 16 December 1972. In comparison to the prolonged constitution-making process in Pakistan during the 1950s, the Awami League was credited for swiftly enacting the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Bangladesh" title="Constitution of Bangladesh">Constitution of Bangladesh</a> within just one year of independence. However, the League is criticised for this swift enactment because the Constituent Assembly was largely made up of members from the League itself; the few opposition lawmakers included <a href="/wiki/Manabendra_Narayan_Larma" title="Manabendra Narayan Larma">Manabendra Narayan Larma</a>, who demanded the term "<a href="/wiki/Bangladeshis" title="Bangladeshis">Bangladeshi</a>" to describe the new country's citizens instead of "<a href="/wiki/Bengalis" title="Bengalis">Bengali</a>" since not all Bangladeshis were Bengalis.<a href="#cite_note-175">[168]</a> Critics argued that in reality "the Awami League sought to rule by Mujib's charisma and build a political process by dicta".<a href="#cite_note-176">[169]</a> Mujib introduced a quota for backward regions to get access to public sector jobs.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated5-174">[167]</a> Bangladesh also faced a <a href="/wiki/Gun_control" title="Gun control">gun control</a> problem because many of its guerrilla fighters from the Liberation War were roaming the country with guns. Mujib successfully called on former guerrillas to surrender their arms through public ceremonies which affirmed their status as freedom fighters during the Liberation War.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated5-174">[167]</a> The President's Relief and Welfare Fund was created to rehabilitate an estimated 10 million displaced Bangladeshis. Mujib established 11,000 new primary schools and nationalised 40,000 primary schools.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman2012xxvi-177">[170]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Withdrawal_of_Indian_troops">Withdrawal of Indian troops</h3></div> One of Mujib's first priorities was the withdrawal of Indian troops from Bangladesh. Mujib requested the Indian government to ensure a swift withdrawal of Indian military forces from Bangladeshi territory. A timeline was drawn up for rapid withdrawal. The withdrawal took place within three months of the surrender of Pakistan to the allied forces of Bangladesh and India. A formal ceremony was held in Dhaka Stadium on 12 March 1972 in which Mujib inspected a guard of honour from the 1st <a href="/wiki/Rajput_Regiment" title="Rajput Regiment">Rajput Regiment</a>.<a href="#cite_note-178">[171]</a> The withdrawal of Indian forces was completed by 15 March.<a href="#cite_note-179">[172]</a> Many countries established diplomatic relations with Bangladesh soon after the withdrawal of Indian troops.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated16-180">[173]</a> India's intervention and subsequent withdrawal has been cited as a successful case of humanitarian intervention in international law.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated16-180">[173]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="War_criminals">War criminals</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_Highcourt_Bhaban_(1).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Old_Highcourt_Bhaban_%281%29.JPG/220px-Old_Highcourt_Bhaban_%281%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Old_Highcourt_Bhaban_%281%29.JPG/330px-Old_Highcourt_Bhaban_%281%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Old_Highcourt_Bhaban_%281%29.JPG/440px-Old_Highcourt_Bhaban_%281%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="1224" /></a><figcaption>The war crimes tribunal was set up in 1973. In 1974, Bangladesh hosted the 3rd International Criminal Law Conference.</figcaption></figure> In 1972, Mujib told <a href="/wiki/David_Frost" title="David Frost">David Frost</a> that he was a strong man but he had tears in his eyes when he saw pictures of the <a href="/wiki/1971_Bangladesh_genocide" class="mw-redirect" title="1971 Bangladesh genocide">1971 Bangladesh genocide</a>.<a href="#cite_note-auto-181">[174]</a> He told Frost that "I am a very generous man. I always believe in forgive and forget but this is impossible on my part to forgive and forget. This was cold blooded murder in a planned way; <a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">genocide</a> to kill my people. These people must be punished".<a href="#cite_note-auto-181">[174]</a> Speaking about a potential war crimes trial, Mujib said "the world powers arranged the <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_trial" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuremberg trial">Nuremberg trials</a> against the war criminals of fascist Germany. I think they should come forward and there should be another trial or inquiry under the United Nations".<a href="#cite_note-auto-181">[174]</a> Mujib pledged to hold a trial for those accused in wartime atrocities. An estimated 11,000 local collaborators of the Pakistan Army were arrested.<a href="#cite_note-182">[175]</a> Their cases were heard by the Collaborators Tribunal.<a href="#cite_note-183">[176]</a> In 1973, the government introduced the International Crimes (Tribunal) Act to prosecute 195 Pakistani <a href="/wiki/PoW" class="mw-redirect" title="PoW">PoWs</a> under Indian custody.<a href="#cite_note-184">[177]</a> In response, Pakistan filed a case against India at the International Court of Justice.<a href="#cite_note-185">[178]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Delhi_Agreement" title="Delhi Agreement">Delhi Agreement</a> struck a compromise between India, Pakistan and Bangladesh after the three countries agreed to transfer PoWs to Pakistani custody. However, the foreign minister of Bangladesh stated that "the excesses and manifold crimes committed by those prisoners of war constituted, according to the relevant provisions of the UN General Assembly resolutions and international law, <a href="/wiki/War_crime" title="War crime">war crimes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity" title="Crimes against humanity">crimes against humanity</a> and genocide, and that there was universal consensus that persons charged with such crimes as [the] 195 Pakistani prisoners of war should be held to account and subjected to the due process of law".<a href="#cite_note-186">[179]</a> In 1974, the Third International Criminal Law Conference was held at the <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Institute_of_Law_and_International_Affairs" title="Bangladesh Institute of Law and International Affairs">Bangladesh Institute of Law and International Affairs</a>; the meeting supported calls for the creation of an international penal court.<a href="#cite_note-187">[180]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economic_policy">Economic policy</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Petrobangla_Building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Petrobangla_Building.jpg/220px-Petrobangla_Building.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Petrobangla_Building.jpg/330px-Petrobangla_Building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Petrobangla_Building.jpg/440px-Petrobangla_Building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Mujib set up <a href="/wiki/Petrobangla" title="Petrobangla">Petrobangla</a> as the national oil and gas company.</figcaption></figure> Mujib declared <a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">socialism</a> as a national policy. His land reforms restricted land ownership to less than 25 bighas of land which effectively ended all traces of the <a href="/wiki/Zamindar" title="Zamindar">zamindari</a> system. Land owners with more than 25 bighas were subjected to taxes.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman2012xxvi-177">[170]</a> Farmers had to sell their products at prices set by the government instead of the market. Mujib <a href="/wiki/Nationalised" class="mw-redirect" title="Nationalised">nationalised</a> all banks, insurance companies, and 580 industrial plants.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman2012xxvi-177">[170]</a> There was little foreign investment. The stock exchange remained closed. In 1974, the government sought to invite international oil companies to explore the <a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal" title="Bay of Bengal">Bay of Bengal</a> for oil and natural gas. <a href="/wiki/Royal_Dutch_Shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Dutch Shell">Shell</a> sold five gas fields to the Bangladeshi government which set the stage for the creation of <a href="/wiki/Petrobangla" title="Petrobangla">Petrobangla</a>.<a href="#cite_note-188">[181]</a> The national airline <a href="/wiki/Biman" class="mw-redirect" title="Biman">Biman</a> was set up with planes from <a href="/wiki/British_Caledonian" title="British Caledonian">British Caledonian</a>, the Indian government and the <a href="/wiki/World_Council_of_Churches" title="World Council of Churches">World Council of Churches</a>. In the industrial sector, the Bangladeshi government built the Ghorashal Fertilizer Factory.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman2012xxvi-177">[170]</a> Work began on the <a href="/wiki/Ashuganj_Power_Station" title="Ashuganj Power Station">Ashuganj Power Station</a>. Operations in the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Chittagong" title="Port of Chittagong">Port of Chittagong</a> were restored after the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Navy" title="Soviet Navy">Soviet Navy</a> conducted a clearing operation for <a href="/wiki/Naval_mine" title="Naval mine">naval mines</a>.<a href="#cite_note-189">[182]</a> Industrial activity was eventually restored to pre-1971 levels.<a href="#cite_note-whiteboardmagazine.com-190">[183]</a> Banking services rapidly expanded in rural areas.<a href="#cite_note-whiteboardmagazine.com-190">[183]</a> Mujib recruited CEOs from the private sector to run state-owned companies.<a href="#cite_note-whiteboardmagazine.com-190">[183]</a> The first Five Year Plan was adopted by the Planning Commission, which was headed by the Harvard-trained economist <a href="/wiki/Nurul_Islam_(economist)" title="Nurul Islam (economist)">Nurul Islam</a>.<a href="#cite_note-whiteboardmagazine.com-190">[183]</a> The Planning Commission sought to diversify Bangladesh's exports. In trade with India, the Planning Commission identified fertilizer, iron, cement and natural gas as potential export sectors in Bangladesh. The Planning Commission, with Mujib's approval, wanted to transform Bangladesh into a producer of value added products generated from imported Indian raw materials.<a href="#cite_note-whiteboardmagazine.com-190">[183]</a> In addition to state-owned firms, many private sector companies emerged, including the <a href="/wiki/BEXIMCO" title="BEXIMCO">Bangladesh Export Import Company</a> and <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Chemical_Industries" class="mw-redirect" title="Advanced Chemical Industries">Advanced Chemical Industries</a>. These companies later became some of Bangladesh's biggest conglomerates. The Mujib government faced serious challenges, which included the resettlement of millions of people displaced in 1971, organisation of food supply, health services and other necessities. The effects of the 1970 cyclone had not worn off, and the economy of Bangladesh had immensely deteriorated due to the conflict.<a href="#cite_note-191">[184]</a> In 1973, thousands of Bengalis arrived from Pakistan while many non-Bengali industrialists and capitalists emigrated; poorer non-Bengalis were stranded in refugee camps. Major efforts were launched to help an estimated 10 million former refugees who returned from India. The economy began to recover eventually.<a href="#cite_note-JSTOR3-192">[185]</a> The five-year plan released in 1973 focused state investments into agriculture and cottage industries.<a href="#cite_note-UNESCAP-193">[186]</a> But a <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_famine_of_1974" title="Bangladesh famine of 1974">famine</a> occurred in 1974 when the price of rice rose sharply. In that month there was widespread starvation in <a href="/wiki/Rangpur_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Rangpur district">Rangpur district</a>. Government mismanagement was blamed.<a href="#cite_note-194">[187]</a><a href="#cite_note-195">[188]</a> Many of Mujib's socialist policies were eventually overturned by future governments. The five years of his regime marked the only intensely socialist period in Bangladesh's history. Successive governments de-emphasised socialism and promoted a market economy. By the 1990s, the Awami League returned to being a centre-left party in economics. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legal_reforms">Legal reforms</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%AD%E0%A7%A8_(%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A7%A7).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%AD%E0%A7%A8_%28%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A7%A7%29.jpg/220px-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%AD%E0%A7%A8_%28%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A7%A7%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="318" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%AD%E0%A7%A8_%28%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A7%A7%29.jpg/330px-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%AD%E0%A7%A8_%28%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A7%A7%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%AD%E0%A7%A8_%28%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A7%A7%29.jpg/440px-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%AD%E0%A7%A8_%28%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A7%A7%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1418" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>First page of the Constitution of Bangladesh, which became the first modern Bengali constitution</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Bangladesh" title="Constitution of Bangladesh">Constitution of Bangladesh</a> became the first Bengali <a href="/wiki/Written_constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Written constitution">written constitution</a> in modern history. The Awami League introduced a new <a href="/wiki/Bill_of_rights" title="Bill of rights">bill of rights</a>, which was more broad and expansive than the laws of East and West Pakistan.<a href="#cite_note-196">[189]</a> In addition to freedom of speech and freedom of religion, the new constitution emphasized property rights, the right to privacy, the prohibition of torture, safeguards during detention and trial, the prohibition of forced labor, and freedom of association.<a href="#cite_note-197">[190]</a> The Awami League repealed many controversial laws of the Pakistani period, including the Public Safety Act and Defense of Pakistan Rules. <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights" title="Women's rights">Women's rights</a> received more attention than before. Discrimination on grounds of religion, ethnicity, gender, place of birth or disability was discouraged.<a href="#cite_note-198">[191]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Secularism">Secularism</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Secularism_in_Bangladesh" title="Secularism in Bangladesh">Secularism in Bangladesh</a></div> While Pakistan adopted progressive reforms to Muslim family law as early as 1961,<a href="#cite_note-199">[192]</a> Bangladesh became the first constitutionally secular state in South Asia in 1972 when its newly adopted constitution included the word "secularism" for the first time in the region.<a href="#cite_note-200">[193]</a> Despite the constitution's proclamation of secularism as a state policy, Mujib banned "anti-Islamic" activities, including gambling, horse racing and alcohol. He established the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Foundation_Bangladesh" title="Islamic Foundation Bangladesh">Islamic Foundation</a> to regulate religious affairs for Muslims, including the collection of <a href="/wiki/Zakat" title="Zakat">zakat</a> and setting dates for religious observances like Eid and Ramadan.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman2012xxvi-177">[170]</a> Under Mujib, Bangladesh joined the <a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_Islamic_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="Organization of the Islamic Conference">Organization of the Islamic Conference</a> (OIC) in 1974. Bangladesh was not the only Muslim-majority secular republic in the OIC; others included <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> and Nigeria. Secularism was later removed from the constitution by the military dictatorship in the late 1970s. Secularism was reinstated by the Supreme Court into the constitution in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-201">[194]</a> Mujib said "secularism doesn't mean irreligiosity. Hindus will practice their religion; Muslims will practice their religion; Christians, Buddhists – everyone will practice their respective religions. No one will interfere in someone else's religion; the people of Bengal do not seek to interfere in matters of religion. Religion will not be used for political purposes. Religion will not be exploited in Bengal for political gain. If anyone does so, I believe the people of Bengal will retaliate against them".<a href="#cite_note-Bangabandhu's_Voice_in_Parliament-70">[64]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_policy">Foreign policy</h3></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mujib_and_Ford.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Mujib_and_Ford.jpg/250px-Mujib_and_Ford.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Mujib_and_Ford.jpg/375px-Mujib_and_Ford.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Mujib_and_Ford.jpg/500px-Mujib_and_Ford.jpg 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="366" /></a><figcaption>Mujib with U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Oval_Office" title="Oval Office">Oval Office</a> in 1974</figcaption></figure> In the early 1970s, Sheikh Mujib emerged as one of the most charismatic leaders of the <a href="/wiki/Third_world" class="mw-redirect" title="Third world">third world</a>.<a href="#cite_note-202">[195]</a><a href="#cite_note-203">[196]</a> His foreign policy maxim was "friendship to all, malice to none".<a href="#cite_note-204">[197]</a> Mujib's priorities were to secure aid for reconstruction and relief efforts; normalizing diplomatic relations with the world; and joining major international organizations. Mujib's major foreign policy achievement was to secure normalisation and <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Diplomatic relations">diplomatic relations</a> with most countries of the world. Bangladesh joined the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth</a>, the <a href="/wiki/UN" class="mw-redirect" title="UN">UN</a>, the <a href="/wiki/OIC" class="mw-redirect" title="OIC">OIC</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a>.<a href="#cite_note-205">[198]</a><a href="#cite_note-206">[199]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto1-207">[200]</a><a href="#cite_note-208">[201]</a> His allies included Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi" title="Indira Gandhi">Indira Gandhi</a> of India and <a href="/wiki/Marshal_Tito" class="mw-redirect" title="Marshal Tito">Marshal Tito</a> of <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-209">[202]</a><a href="#cite_note-210">[203]</a><a href="#cite_note-211">[204]</a> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> became a major aid provider to the new country. Mujib attended Commonwealth summits in <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a>, where he held talks with <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a>, British Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Harold Wilson</a>, Canadian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">Pierre Trudeau</a> and New Zealand Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Norman_Kirk" title="Norman Kirk">Norman Kirk</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Bangladesh_p._171-197-212">[205]</a><a href="#cite_note-213">[206]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> supplied several squadrons of <a href="/wiki/MiG-21" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-21">MiG-21</a> planes for the Bangladesh Air Force.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeitzmanLibrary_of_CongressNyropWorden1989226,_234-214">[207]</a> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> initially blocked Bangladesh's entry to the UN in 1972, but withdrew its veto in 1974 which allowed Bangladesh to join the UN.<a href="#cite_note-Bangladesh_p._171-197-212">[205]</a> The <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> recognized the independence of Bangladesh on 4 April 1972 and pledged US$300 million in aid.<a href="#cite_note-215">[208]</a><a href="#cite_note-216">[209]</a> Britain, Malaysia, Indonesia, West Germany, Denmark, Norway and Sweden were among the several countries which recognized Bangladesh in February 1972.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-217">[210]</a><a href="#cite_note-218">[211]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_York_043_(3033705218).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/New_York_043_%283033705218%29.jpg/220px-New_York_043_%283033705218%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/New_York_043_%283033705218%29.jpg/330px-New_York_043_%283033705218%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/New_York_043_%283033705218%29.jpg/440px-New_York_043_%283033705218%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>In his first speech to the UN General Assembly, Mujib demanded an end to <a href="/wiki/Apartheid" title="Apartheid">apartheid</a> and the occupation of Palestine, as well as freedom for Namibia and Rhodesia.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Africa">Africa</h4></div> Mujib was a firm opponent of <a href="/wiki/Apartheid" title="Apartheid">apartheid</a>. In <a href="/wiki/1974_Speech_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_at_the_United_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="1974 Speech of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman at the United Nations">his first speech to the United Nations General Assembly in 1974</a>, Mujib remarked that "In spite of the acceleration of the process of abolishing colonialism, it hasn't reached its ultimate goal. This is more strongly true of Africa, where the people of <a href="/wiki/Rhodesia" title="Rhodesia">Rhodesia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a> are still engaged in the final struggle for national independence and absolute freedom. Although racism has been identified as a serious offence in this council, it's still destroying the conscience of the people".<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-219">[212]</a><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated3-220">[213]</a> This was the first speech in the UN General Assembly to be spoken in <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a>. Bangladesh joined the Non Aligned Movement (NAM) during the <a href="/wiki/4th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="4th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">4th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement</a> in <a href="/wiki/Algiers" title="Algiers">Algiers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-auto1-207">[200]</a><a href="#cite_note-221">[214]</a> Mujib told Nigerian leader <a href="/wiki/Yakubu_Gowon" title="Yakubu Gowon">Yakubu Gowon</a> that "if we had remained in Pakistan, it would be a strong country. Again, if India had not been divided in 1947, it would be an even stronger country. But, then, Mr. President, in life do we always get what we desire?".<a href="#cite_note-222">[215]</a> The comment was in response to Gowon questioning the need for the break up of Pakistan.<a href="#cite_note-223">[216]</a> Mujib met Zambian leader <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> and Senegalese president <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9opold_S%C3%A9dar_Senghor" title="Léopold Sédar Senghor">Léopold Sédar Senghor</a>.<a href="#cite_note-224">[217]</a> He developed a good rapport with President <a href="/wiki/Anwar_Sadat" title="Anwar Sadat">Anwar Sadat</a> of Egypt, who gifted 30 tanks to the Bangladeshi military in return for Mujib's support to Egypt.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeitzmanLibrary_of_CongressNyropWorden1989226-225">[218]</a><a href="#cite_note-226">[219]</a><a href="#cite_note-227">[220]</a> Algerian president <a href="/wiki/Houari_Boum%C3%A9di%C3%A8ne" title="Houari Boumédiène">Houari Boumédiène</a> brought Mujib to the <a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Islamic_Cooperation" class="mw-redirect" title="Organization of Islamic Cooperation">OIC Summit</a> in Lahore on his plane.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-217">[210]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Middle_East">Middle East</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:OIC_Leaders_in_Shalimar_Gardens,_Lahore.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/OIC_Leaders_in_Shalimar_Gardens%2C_Lahore.jpg/220px-OIC_Leaders_in_Shalimar_Gardens%2C_Lahore.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/OIC_Leaders_in_Shalimar_Gardens%2C_Lahore.jpg/330px-OIC_Leaders_in_Shalimar_Gardens%2C_Lahore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/OIC_Leaders_in_Shalimar_Gardens%2C_Lahore.jpg/440px-OIC_Leaders_in_Shalimar_Gardens%2C_Lahore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (center) with Algerian President <a href="/wiki/Houari_Boum%C3%A9di%C3%A8ne" title="Houari Boumédiène">Houari Boumédiène</a> (far left), Pakistani Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Zulfikar_Ali_Bhutto" title="Zulfikar Ali Bhutto">Zulfikar Ali Bhutto</a> (left), and <a href="/wiki/Sultan_bin_Abdulaziz" title="Sultan bin Abdulaziz">Prince Sultan of Saudi Arabia</a> (right) at the <a href="/wiki/Shalimar_Gardens,_Lahore" title="Shalimar Gardens, Lahore">Shalimar Gardens, Lahore</a></figcaption></figure> While addressing the UN General Assembly in 1974, Mujib said "injustice is still rampant in many parts of the world. Our Arab brothers are still fighting for the complete eviction of the invaders from their land. The equitable national rights of the <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian people">Palestinian people</a> have not yet been achieved".<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-219">[212]</a><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated3-220">[213]</a> While <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> was one of the first countries to recognize Bangladesh,<a href="#cite_note-228">[221]</a> the Mujib government dispatched an army medical unit to support Arab countries during the <a href="/wiki/Arab-Israeli_War_of_1973" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab-Israeli War of 1973">Arab-Israeli War of 1973</a>.<a href="#cite_note-229">[222]</a> This was Bangladesh's first dispatch of military aid overseas.<a href="#cite_note-230">[223]</a> <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> sent its foreign minister <a href="/wiki/Sabah_Al-Ahmad_Al-Jaber_Al-Sabah" title="Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah">Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah</a> to persuade Mujib to join the OIC Summit in Lahore in 1974.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-219">[212]</a><a href="#cite_note-231">[224]</a><a href="#cite_note-232">[225]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanese</a> foreign minister accompanied Sabah during the visit to Dhaka.<a href="#cite_note-233">[226]</a> Bangladesh enjoyed strong relations with the secular Arab government of <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>.<a href="#cite_note-234">[227]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bangabandhu_in_Iraq-235">[228]</a> Mujib had a warm rapport with <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Zayed" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheikh Zayed">Sheikh Zayed</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">UAE</a>, with the two men joking about their names.<a href="#cite_note-236">[229]</a> Egyptian president Anwar Sadat visited Bangladesh on 25 February 1974 to thank Mujib for his support during the 1973 war.<a href="#cite_note-237">[230]</a> Sadat became a close friend of Mujib.<a href="#cite_note-238">[231]</a> Algerian president Houari Boumédiène was instrumental in getting Bangladesh into the OIC. Mujib met with <a href="/wiki/Takieddin_el-Solh" title="Takieddin el-Solh">Takieddin el-Solh</a>, the Prime Minister of Lebanon.<a href="#cite_note-239">[232]</a> He also met <a href="/wiki/Hafez_al-Assad" title="Hafez al-Assad">Hafez al-Assad</a>, the President of <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>.<a href="#cite_note-240">[233]</a> Mujib visited Iraq, Egypt, and Algeria. During his trip to Iraq, crowds of several thousand Iraqis welcomed him on the streets of <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a>, Karbala and Babylon.<a href="#cite_note-Bangabandhu_in_Iraq-235">[228]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="South_Asia">South Asia</h4></div> Mujib and Indira Gandhi signed the 25-year <a href="/wiki/Indo-Bangladeshi_Treaty_of_Friendship,_Cooperation_and_Peace" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Bangladeshi Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Peace">Indo-Bangladeshi Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Peace</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrank2001343-241">[234]</a><a href="#cite_note-242">[235]</a> India and Bangladesh developed extremely cordial relations based on shared political values, a common nonaligned worldview and cultural solidarity. In February 1972, Mujib visited the Indian city of <a href="/wiki/Calcutta" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcutta">Calcutta</a> in West Bengal to thank the people of India for their support during the liberation war. Mujib was immensely popular in India. Many of India's leading film directors, singers, writers, actors and actresses came to meet with Mujib, including <a href="/wiki/Satyajit_Ray" title="Satyajit Ray">Satyajit Ray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hemanta_Mukherjee" class="mw-redirect" title="Hemanta Mukherjee">Hemanta Mukherjee</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hema_Malini" title="Hema Malini">Hema Malini</a>.<a href="#cite_note-243">[236]</a> In Pakistan, a constitutional amendment was passed to establish diplomatic relations with Bangladesh.<a href="#cite_note-244">[237]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/Delhi_Agreement" title="Delhi Agreement">Delhi Agreement</a> of 1974, Bangladesh, India and Pakistan pledged to work for regional stability and peace. The agreement paved the way for the return of interned Bengali officials and their families stranded in Pakistan, as well as the establishment of diplomatic <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh-Pakistan_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladesh-Pakistan relations">relations between Bangladesh and Pakistan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed1983202–205-245">[238]</a> However, Bangladesh had to concede on the issue of putting 195 Pakistani <a href="/wiki/PoW" class="mw-redirect" title="PoW">PoWs</a> on trial for war crimes, after the three countries agreed by consensus to transfer the 195 PoWs to Pakistani custody.<a href="#cite_note-246">[239]</a> Mujib and Gandhi also signed a Land Boundary Treaty concerning the <a href="/wiki/India-Bangladesh_enclaves" class="mw-redirect" title="India-Bangladesh enclaves">India-Bangladesh enclaves</a>. The treaty was challenged in court.<a href="#cite_note-247">[240]</a><a href="#cite_note-248">[241]</a> The government attempted to ratify the treaty without consulting parliament. Chief Justice <a href="/wiki/Abu_Sadat_Mohammad_Sayem" title="Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayem">Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayem</a> ruled that parliament had to ratify the treaty in accordance with the constitution, otherwise the government's actions were illegal and unconstitutional. The Chief Justice dissented with the government's actions. The treaty was subsequently ratified by parliament. In his decision, Justice Sayem referred to the <a href="/wiki/Vienna_Convention_on_the_Law_of_Treaties" title="Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties">Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties</a>.<a href="#cite_note-249">[242]</a> The land boundary treaty was finally implemented in 2015.<a href="#cite_note-250">[243]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Left-wing_insurgency">Left-wing insurgency</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Jatiya_Rakkhi_Bahini" title="Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini">Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini</a></div> At the height of Mujib's power, left-wing insurgents from the <a href="/wiki/Gonobahini" title="Gonobahini">Gonobahini</a> fought against Mujib's government to establish a <a href="/wiki/Marxist" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxist">Marxist</a> government.<a href="#cite_note-251">[244]</a><a href="#cite_note-252">[245]</a> The government responded by forming an elite paramilitary force called <a href="/wiki/Jatiya_Rakkhi_Bahini" title="Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini">Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini</a> on 8 February 1972. Many within the Bangladeshi military viewed the new paramilitary force with suspicion.<a href="#cite_note-books.google_a-253">[246]</a><a href="#cite_note-254">[247]</a> The new paramilitary force was responsible for <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_abuses" class="mw-redirect" title="Human rights abuses">human rights abuses</a> against the general populace, including <a href="/wiki/Extrajudicial_killing" title="Extrajudicial killing">extrajudicial killings</a>,<a href="#cite_note-255">[248]</a><a href="#cite_note-amrdesh-256">[249]</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-257">[250]</a> shootings by <a href="/wiki/Death_squads" class="mw-redirect" title="Death squads">death squads</a>,<a href="#cite_note-hp18Feb2013-258">[251]</a> and rape.<a href="#cite_note-:3-257">[250]</a> Members of the Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini were granted immunity from prosecution and other legal proceedings.<a href="#cite_note-JSTOR-259">[252]</a><a href="#cite_note-US-260">[253]</a> The force swore an oath of loyalty to Mujib.<a href="#cite_note-261">[254]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="One-party_state">One-party state</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Krishak_Sramik_Awami_League" title="Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League">Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League</a> and <a href="/wiki/Second_Revolution_(Bangladesh)" title="Second Revolution (Bangladesh)">Second Revolution (Bangladesh)</a></div> Mujib's political philosophy dramatically changed in 1975. Elections were approaching in 1977 after the end of his five-year term. Mujib sensed growing dissatisfaction with his regime. He changed the constitution, declared himself president, and established a <a href="/wiki/One_party_state" class="mw-redirect" title="One party state">one party state</a>. Ahrar Ahmed, commenting in <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Star_(Bangladesh)" title="The Daily Star (Bangladesh)">The Daily Star</a>, noted that "Drastic changes were introduced through the adoption of the 4th amendment on Jan[uary] 25, 1975, which radically shifted the initial focus of the constitution and turned it into a single-party, <a href="/wiki/President_(government_title)" title="President (government title)">presidential</a> system, which curtailed the powers of the <a href="/wiki/Parliament" title="Parliament">parliament</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Judiciary" title="Judiciary">judiciary</a>, as well as the space for free speech or public assembly".<a href="#cite_note-262">[255]</a> Censorship was imposed in the press. Civil society groups like the <a href="/wiki/Committee_for_Civil_Liberties_and_Legal_Aid" title="Committee for Civil Liberties and Legal Aid">Committee for Civil Liberties and Legal Aid</a> were suppressed. The <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Krishak_Sramik_Awami_League" title="Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League">Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League</a> (BAKSAL), meaning the "Bangladesh Farmers Workers Peoples League", became the only legal political party. Bureaucrats and military officers were ordered to join the single party. These actions profoundly impacted Mujib's legacy. Many Bangladeshis opposed to the Awami League cite his creation of BAKSAL as the ultimate hypocrisy. The one party state lasted for 7 months till Mujib's <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">assassination</a> on 15 August 1975. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Assassination">Assassination</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a>; <a href="/wiki/15_August_1975_Bangladeshi_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="15 August 1975 Bangladeshi coup d'état">15 August 1975 Bangladeshi coup d'état</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Indemnity_Ordinance,_1975" title="Indemnity Ordinance, 1975">Indemnity Ordinance, 1975</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/3_November_1975_Bangladeshi_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="3 November 1975 Bangladeshi coup d'état">3 November 1975 Bangladeshi coup d'état</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Secretary_Kerry_Looks_at_Stars_Where_a_Founder_was_Gunned_Down_in_Dhaka_(28692593883).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Secretary_Kerry_Looks_at_Stars_Where_a_Founder_was_Gunned_Down_in_Dhaka_%2828692593883%29.jpg/220px-Secretary_Kerry_Looks_at_Stars_Where_a_Founder_was_Gunned_Down_in_Dhaka_%2828692593883%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Secretary_Kerry_Looks_at_Stars_Where_a_Founder_was_Gunned_Down_in_Dhaka_%2828692593883%29.jpg/330px-Secretary_Kerry_Looks_at_Stars_Where_a_Founder_was_Gunned_Down_in_Dhaka_%2828692593883%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Secretary_Kerry_Looks_at_Stars_Where_a_Founder_was_Gunned_Down_in_Dhaka_%2828692593883%29.jpg/440px-Secretary_Kerry_Looks_at_Stars_Where_a_Founder_was_Gunned_Down_in_Dhaka_%2828692593883%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4713" data-file-height="3136" /></a><figcaption>The staircase where Mujib was assassinated</figcaption></figure> Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was assassinated along with most of his family in his <a href="/wiki/Bangabandhu_Memorial_Museum" title="Bangabandhu Memorial Museum">personal residence</a> on 15 August 1975 during a military coup by renegade army officers.<a href="#cite_note-263">[256]</a><a href="#cite_note-264">[257]</a> His wife, brother, three sons, two daughters-in-law, and hosts of other relatives, personal staff, police officers, a brigadier general of the Bangladesh Army and many others were killed during the coup.<a href="#cite_note-265">[258]</a><a href="#cite_note-Channel-i-266">[259]</a> More than 40 people got injured.<a href="#cite_note-Channel-i-266">[259]</a> The army chief <a href="/wiki/K._M._Shafiullah" title="K. M. Shafiullah">K. M. Shafiullah</a> was caught unaware and failed to stop the coup.<a href="#cite_note-The_Mournful_Day-267">[260]</a> Mujib was shot on the staircase of his house.<a href="#cite_note-The_Mournful_Day-267">[260]</a> <a href="/wiki/Curfew" title="Curfew">Curfew</a> was imposed after his death was announced on <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Betar" title="Bangladesh Betar">Bangladesh Radio</a> nationwide.<a href="#cite_note-268">[261]</a> Mujib was warned by many including the <a href="/wiki/Research_and_Analysis_Wing" title="Research and Analysis Wing">Indian intelligence</a> about a possible coup.<a href="#cite_note-269">[262]</a><a href="#cite_note-270">[263]</a> Mujib shrugged off these warnings by saying his own people would never hurt him.<a href="#cite_note-271">[264]</a> Moreover, being the president, he did not stay in <a href="/wiki/Bangabhaban" title="Bangabhaban">Bangabhaban</a> but stayed in his unguarded house at 32 Dhanmondi.<a href="#cite_note-272">[265]</a> German politician and <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_West_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Chancellor of West Germany">federal chancellor</a> <a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a> said in emotion, "Bengalis can no longer be trusted after the killing of Sheikh Mujib. Those who killed Mujib can do any heinous act."<a href="#cite_note-ekushey-273">[266]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Funeral_and_memorials">Funeral and memorials</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%96_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%A7.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%96_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%A7.jpg/220px-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%96_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%A7.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%96_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%A7.jpg/330px-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%96_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%A7.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%96_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%A7.jpg/440px-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%96_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%A7.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4553" data-file-height="3035" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mausoleum_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Mausoleum of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Mausoleum of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a></figcaption></figure> On 16 August 1975, Mujib's coffin was taken to his birthplace Tungipara in an army helicopter. He was buried next to his parents after his funeral led by Sheikh Abdul Halim.<a href="#cite_note-Burial-274">[267]</a> Others were buried in the <a href="/wiki/Banani_graveyard" title="Banani graveyard">Banani graveyard</a> of Dhaka.<a href="#cite_note-Burial-274">[267]</a> The national flag was kept at half-mast by the locals in several government and non-government institutions in honour of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib.<a href="#cite_note-jnews-275">[268]</a> During the time, the <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_national_football_team" title="Bangladesh national football team">Bangladesh national football team</a> was in the <a href="/wiki/Merdeka_Tournament" title="Merdeka Tournament">Merdeka Tournament</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a>, the capital of <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-jnews-275">[268]</a> There the national flag of Bangladesh was kept at half-mast on the day of Bangladesh's match. Prior to match, the players observed a minute's silence for Mujib and his eldest son <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Kamal" title="Sheikh Kamal">Sheikh Kamal</a>, who was a keen sportsman and the founder of <a href="/wiki/Abahani_Limited_Dhaka" title="Abahani Limited Dhaka">Abahani Limited Dhaka</a>.<a href="#cite_note-jnews-275">[268]</a> <a href="/wiki/Absentee_funeral_prayer_(Islam)" title="Absentee funeral prayer (Islam)">Absentee funeral prayers</a> were held in the <a href="/wiki/Eidgah" title="Eidgah">Eidgah</a> field of <a href="/wiki/Jessore" title="Jessore">Jessore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dhanmondi_Thana" title="Dhanmondi Thana">Dhanmondi</a> of Dhaka and <a href="/wiki/Baitul_Mukarram_National_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Baitul Mukarram National Mosque">Baitul Mukarram National Mosque</a>.<a href="#cite_note-276">[269]</a><a href="#cite_note-dw-277">[270]</a> Thousands of people joined the mass procession led by the students of <a href="/wiki/Dhaka_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhaka University">Dhaka University</a> and special prayer in Dhaka on 4 November 1975.<a href="#cite_note-dw-277">[270]</a><a href="#cite_note-278">[271]</a> Heads of state, political figures and media of several countries including <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palestine_(region)" title="Palestine (region)">Palestine</a> mourned Mujib's death.<a href="#cite_note-ekushey-273">[266]</a> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Cuba" title="Prime Minister of Cuba">Cuban prime minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro" title="Fidel Castro">Fidel Castro</a> stated upon Mujib's death, "The oppressed people of the world have lost a great leader of theirs in the death of Sheikh Mujib. And I have lost a truly large-hearted ally."<a href="#cite_note-ekushey-273">[266]</a> Today, Mujib rests beside his parents' graves in a white marble <a href="/wiki/Tomb" title="Tomb">tomb</a> in his native Tungipara.<a href="#cite_note-jugantor-279">[272]</a><a href="#cite_note-280">[273]</a> His personal residence where he was assassinated along with most of his family members, was opened as <a href="/wiki/Bangabandhu_Memorial_Museum" title="Bangabandhu Memorial Museum">Bangabandhu Memorial Museum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-281">[274]</a> It was <a href="/wiki/Demolition_of_Dhanmondi_32" title="Demolition of Dhanmondi 32">demolished</a> by mobs in 2025.<a href="#cite_note-282">[275]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h3></div> After the coup, a <a href="/wiki/Martial_law" title="Martial law">martial law</a> regime was established. Four allies of Mujib who led the <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Bangladesh" title="Provisional Government of Bangladesh">Provisional Government of Bangladesh</a> in 1971 were arrested and eventually <a href="/wiki/Jail_Killing_Day" title="Jail Killing Day">executed</a> on 3 November 1975. Mujib's killers included 15 junior army officers with ranks of <a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">colonels</a>, majors, lieutenants and havildars. They were backed up by Awami League politician <a href="/wiki/Khondaker_Mostaq_Ahmad" title="Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad">Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad</a>, who usurped the presidency. On the day of the coup, the junior officers ordered their soldiers to take over the national radio and television stations.<a href="#cite_note-The_Mournful_Day-267">[260]</a> They were all later toppled by yet another coup led by <a href="/wiki/Brigadier_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Brigadier General">Brigadier General</a> <a href="/wiki/Khaled_Mosharraf" title="Khaled Mosharraf">Khaled Mosharraf</a> on 3 November 1975.<a href="#cite_note-283">[276]</a> According to American <a href="/wiki/Investigative_journalism" title="Investigative journalism">investigative journalist</a> Lawrence Lifschultz, the army's deputy chief <a href="/wiki/Ziaur_Rahman" title="Ziaur Rahman">Ziaur Rahman</a> was approached by the coup plotters and expressed interest in the proposed coup plan, but refused to become the public face of the coup.<a href="#cite_note-284">[277]</a><a href="#cite_note-google1-285">[278]</a><a href="#cite_note-286">[279]</a> Zia did not deny meeting with the coup plotters, according to <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Mascarenhas" title="Anthony Mascarenhas">Anthony Mascarenhas</a>. Zia was legally obliged to prevent a mutiny against the country's legally appointed president but did not stop the impending mutiny despite having knowledge of it.<a href="#cite_note-287">[280]</a> The only survivors from Mujib's family were his daughters <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Hasina" title="Sheikh Hasina">Sheikh Hasina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Rehana" title="Sheikh Rehana">Sheikh Rehana</a>, who were visiting Hasina's physicist husband in <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a> at the time. After the coup, they were barred from returning to Bangladesh and were granted asylum by India. Sheikh Hasina lived in New Delhi in exile before returning to Bangladesh on 17 May 1981.<a href="#cite_note-288">[281]</a> On 26 September 1975, the martial law regime introduced the <a href="/wiki/Indemnity_Ordinance,_1975" title="Indemnity Ordinance, 1975">Indemnity Ordinance, 1975</a>, which gave legal immunity to all persons involved in the coup of 15 August 1975. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Indemnity_Act_(Bangladesh).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Indemnity_Act_%28Bangladesh%29.jpg/220px-Indemnity_Act_%28Bangladesh%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Indemnity_Act_%28Bangladesh%29.jpg/330px-Indemnity_Act_%28Bangladesh%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Indemnity_Act_%28Bangladesh%29.jpg/440px-Indemnity_Act_%28Bangladesh%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2742" data-file-height="1763" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Indemnity_Ordinance,_1975" title="Indemnity Ordinance, 1975">Indemnity Ordinance</a> shielded Mujib's assassins from prosecution for 26 years. It was repealed in 1996.</figcaption></figure> His assassins continued to enjoy immunity from prosecution for 26 years. The Indemnity Ordinance was repealed in 1996 after his daughter Sheikh Hasina was elected as prime minister. A murder case was subsequently initiated in the courts of Bangladesh. Several of the 15 assassins, including coup leader <a href="/wiki/Sayed_Farooq-ur-Rahman" title="Sayed Farooq-ur-Rahman">Sayed Farooq-ur-Rahman</a>, were arrested and put on trial. Others like <a href="/wiki/Khandaker_Abdur_Rashid" title="Khandaker Abdur Rashid">Khandaker Abdur Rashid</a> became fugitives. The 15 were given the death penalty by a court in 1998.<a href="#cite_note-289">[282]</a> Five of the convicts were hanged in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-290">[283]</a> A sixth convict was hanged in 2020.<a href="#cite_note-291">[284]</a> Of the remaining fugitives, a few have died or are in hiding. In 2022, the Bangladeshi government reported that five fugitives are still on the run, including coup leader Rashid.<a href="#cite_note-292">[285]</a> One of the convicted assassins is living in Canada.<a href="#cite_note-293">[286]</a> One of the convicts is living in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-294">[287]</a> Bangladesh has requested Canada and the United States to deport the fugitives following the precedent set by the deportation of <a href="/wiki/A._K._M._Mohiuddin_Ahmed" title="A. K. M. Mohiuddin Ahmed">A. K. M. Mohiuddin Ahmed</a> in 2007.<a href="#cite_note-295">[288]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Principles_and_ideology">Principles and ideology</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mujibism" title="Mujibism">Mujibism</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_May_1953.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_May_1953.jpg/150px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_May_1953.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_May_1953.jpg/225px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_May_1953.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_May_1953.jpg/300px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_May_1953.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1216" data-file-height="1525" /></a><figcaption>Mujib addressing a rally in 1953</figcaption></figure> Mujib's statements, letters and life have attracted much political and scholarly analysis of his principles, ideology and beliefs, including what influenced him. These consist of four fundamental policies: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nationalism" title="Nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secularism" title="Secularism">Secularism</a><a href="#cite_note-296">[289]</a><a href="#cite_note-297">[290]</a></li></ul> When the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Bangladesh" title="Constitution of Bangladesh">Constitution of Bangladesh</a> was adopted in 1972, the four policies became the four fundamental state policies of Bangladesh.<a href="#cite_note-298">[291]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_history">Electoral history</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Electoral history of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Electoral history of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Constituency </th> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th>Vote </th> <th>% </th> <th>Result </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1954_East_Bengal_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="1954 East Bengal Legislative Assembly election">1954</a> </td> <td>Gopalganj South Muslim </td> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #FF0000;" data-sort-value="United Front (East Pakistan)"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/United_Front_(East_Pakistan)" title="United Front (East Pakistan)">United Front</a> </td> <td>19,362 </td> <td>N/A </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/1970_Pakistani_general_election" title="1970 Pakistani general election">1970</a> </td> <td>NE-111 Dacca-VIII<a href="#cite_note-299">[h]</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #006a4e;" data-sort-value="All-Pakistan Awami League"> </td> <td scope="row" rowspan="2" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/All-Pakistan_Awami_League" title="All-Pakistan Awami League">All-Pakistan Awami League</a> </td> <td>164,071 </td> <td>N/A </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td>NE-112 Dacca-IX<a href="#cite_note-301">[i]</a> </td> <td>122,433 </td> <td>N/A </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/1973_Bangladeshi_general_election" title="1973 Bangladeshi general election">1973</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dacca-12" class="mw-redirect" title="Dacca-12">Dacca-12</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #006a4e;" data-sort-value="Bangladesh Awami League"> </td> <td scope="row" rowspan="2" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Awami_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladesh Awami League">Bangladesh Awami League</a> </td> <td>113,380 </td> <td>N/A </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dacca-15" class="mw-redirect" title="Dacca-15">Dacca-15</a><a href="#cite_note-303">[j]</a> </td> <td>81,330 </td> <td>N/A </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (November 2024)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_artistic_depictions_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="List of artistic depictions of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">List of artistic depictions of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_things_named_after_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="List of things named after Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">List of things named after Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shikha_Chirantan,_Dhaka,_Bangladesh_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Shikha_Chirantan%2C_Dhaka%2C_Bangladesh_3.jpg/225px-Shikha_Chirantan%2C_Dhaka%2C_Bangladesh_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Shikha_Chirantan%2C_Dhaka%2C_Bangladesh_3.jpg/337px-Shikha_Chirantan%2C_Dhaka%2C_Bangladesh_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Shikha_Chirantan%2C_Dhaka%2C_Bangladesh_3.jpg/450px-Shikha_Chirantan%2C_Dhaka%2C_Bangladesh_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2990" data-file-height="3986" /></a><figcaption>The Eternal Flame, where Mujib gave his historic 7 March speech, illuminated at night</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gallery_of_the_Museum_of_Independence_07.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Gallery_of_the_Museum_of_Independence_07.jpg/220px-Gallery_of_the_Museum_of_Independence_07.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Gallery_of_the_Museum_of_Independence_07.jpg/330px-Gallery_of_the_Museum_of_Independence_07.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Gallery_of_the_Museum_of_Independence_07.jpg/440px-Gallery_of_the_Museum_of_Independence_07.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5730" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>The underground <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Independence,_Dhaka" title="Museum of Independence, Dhaka">Museum of Independence</a> at Suhrawardy Udyan, Dhaka</figcaption></figure> Mujib continues to be a revered, popular, divisive, and controversial figure in Bangladesh. Opponents of the League are fierce critics of Mujib's <a href="/wiki/Populism" title="Populism">populism</a> and authoritarianism, including his creation of BAKSAL. League supporters and other Bangladeshis credit Mujib for successfully leading the country to independence in 1971. However, Mujib's socialist and economic policies after 1971 are largely frowned upon[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] except among his most loyal supporters and family members. In 2004, listeners of the <a href="/wiki/BBC_Bangla" title="BBC Bangla">BBC Bangla</a> radio service ranked Mujib first among the <a href="/wiki/Greatest_Bengali_of_all_time" class="mw-redirect" title="Greatest Bengali of all time">20 Greatest Bengalis</a>, ahead of Asia's first Nobel laureate <a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Rabindranath Tagore</a>; Bangladesh's national poet <a href="/wiki/Kazi_Nazrul_Islam" title="Kazi Nazrul Islam">Kazi Nazrul Islam</a>; and other Bengali icons like <a href="/wiki/Subhash_Chandra_Bose" class="mw-redirect" title="Subhash Chandra Bose">Subhash Chandra Bose</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amartya_Sen" title="Amartya Sen">Amartya Sen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Titumir" title="Titumir">Titumir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Begum_Rokeya" title="Begum Rokeya">Begum Rokeya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Yunus" title="Muhammad Yunus">Muhammad Yunus</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ziaur_Rahman" title="Ziaur Rahman">Ziaur Rahman</a>.<a href="#cite_note-304">[294]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cult_of_personality">Cult of personality</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman%27s_cult_of_personality" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's cult of personality">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's cult of personality</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mujib_Mural_in_Birampur.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Mujib_Mural_in_Birampur.jpg/300px-Mujib_Mural_in_Birampur.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Mujib_Mural_in_Birampur.jpg/450px-Mujib_Mural_in_Birampur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Mujib_Mural_in_Birampur.jpg/600px-Mujib_Mural_in_Birampur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>A Mujib mural</figcaption></figure> During his daughter <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Hasina" title="Sheikh Hasina">Sheikh Hasina</a>'s rule from 2009 to 2024, the Awami League had ruled Bangladesh based on a <a href="/wiki/Cult_of_personality" title="Cult of personality">cult of personality</a> around <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman%27s_cult_of_personality" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's cult of personality">his legacy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-312">[k]</a> His <a href="/wiki/Birthday_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Birthday of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">birthday</a>, along with the <a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Day_(Bangladesh)" title="Children's Day (Bangladesh)">National Children's Day</a>,<a href="#cite_note-313">[302]</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_Mourning_Day_(Bangladesh)" title="National Mourning Day (Bangladesh)">assassination day</a> were designated as an official public holiday. Many roads, institutions, military bases, bridges and other places in Bangladesh were named or renamed after him during Sheikh Hasina's tenure. Under the Awami League's rule, Mujib's picture was printed on the national currency <a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_taka" title="Bangladeshi taka">Bangladeshi taka</a>. Even <a href="/wiki/Bangabandhu-1" title="Bangabandhu-1">a space satellite</a> was named after him. In 2020, the Hasina government organised <a href="/wiki/Mujib_Year" title="Mujib Year">a year-long grand programme</a> to mark the centenary of his birth.<a href="#cite_note-314">[303]</a> This, combined with his mismanagement of the country post-independence, has led to an "anti-Mujib" sentiment among a large part of the people including the Awami League opposition in the country. Statues, murals and buildings related to Sheikh Mujib were <a href="/wiki/2024_Bangladesh_post-resignation_violence" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Bangladesh post-resignation violence">vandalised</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Student%E2%80%93People%27s_uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="Student–People's uprising">Student–People's uprising</a>, which witnessed the fall of Hasina.<a href="#cite_note-vandalize-315">[304]</a> Following the violent overthrow of Sheikh Hasina on August 2024, the cult of personality around Mujib is being systematically dismantled.<a href="#cite_note-316">[305]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Yunus_ministry" title="Yunus ministry">interim government</a> formed after the fall of Hasina renamed some institutions previously named after Mujib.<a href="#cite_note-charliecampbell-311">[301]</a><a href="#cite_note-317">[306]</a><a href="#cite_note-318">[307]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Followers_and_international_influence">Followers and international influence</h3></div> Mujib is remembered in India as an ally. <a href="/wiki/Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujib_Road" title="Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Road">Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Road</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a> and an avenue in <a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Kolkata</a> in the Indian state of West Bengal are named in his honour. The <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Authority" title="Palestinian Authority">Palestinian Authority</a> named a street in <a href="/wiki/Hebron" title="Hebron">Hebron</a> in honour of Mujib.<a href="#cite_note-319">[308]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bangabandhu_Boulevard" title="Bangabandhu Boulevard">Bangabandhu Boulevard</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a>, Turkey is named after Mujib. There is also a Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Street in <a href="/wiki/Port_Louis" title="Port Louis">Port Louis</a>, Mauritius.<a href="#cite_note-320">[309]</a> Sheikh Mujib Way in Chicago in the United States is named after him.<a href="#cite_note-321">[310]</a> <a href="/wiki/Archer_Blood" title="Archer Blood">Archer Blood</a> described Mujib as charismatic.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated7-322">[311]</a> <a href="/wiki/Gary_J._Bass" title="Gary J. Bass">Gary J. Bass</a> wrote that "Mujib's very appearance suggested raw power," cabled Blood, "a power drawn from the masses and from his own strong personality." He was tall and sturdy, with rugged features and intense eyes. Blood found him serene and confident amid the turmoil, but eager for power. "On the rostrum he is a fiery orator who can mesmerize hundreds of thousands in a pouring rain," Blood wrote. "Mujib has something of a messianic complex which has been reinforced by the heady experience of mass adulation. He talks of 'my people, my land, my forests, my rivers.' It seems clear that he views himself as the personification of Bengali aspirations." According to <a href="/wiki/Time_magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Time magazine">Time</a> magazine, "A man of vitality and vehemence, Mujib became the political Gandhi of the Bengalis, symbolizing their hopes and voicing their grievances. Not even Pakistan's founder, Mohammed Ali Jinnah, drew the million-strong throngs that Mujib has attracted in Dacca. Nor, for that matter, has any subcontinent politician since Gandhi's day spent so much time behind bars for his political beliefs".<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated4-323">[312]</a> <table style="margin:auto"> <tbody><tr> <td><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheikh_Mujib_statue_London_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Sheikh_Mujib_statue_London_02.jpg/240px-Sheikh_Mujib_statue_London_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Sheikh_Mujib_statue_London_02.jpg/360px-Sheikh_Mujib_statue_London_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Sheikh_Mujib_statue_London_02.jpg/480px-Sheikh_Mujib_statue_London_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bust_(sculpture)" title="Bust (sculpture)">Bust</a> of Mujib in <a href="/wiki/East_London" title="East London">East London</a></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_2020_stamp_of_India.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_2020_stamp_of_India.jpg/170px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_2020_stamp_of_India.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_2020_stamp_of_India.jpg/255px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_2020_stamp_of_India.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_2020_stamp_of_India.jpg 2x" data-file-width="321" data-file-height="252" /></a><figcaption>Mujib on a 2021 postage stamp of <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%93_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%96_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%93_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%96_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8.jpg/240px-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%93_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%96_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%93_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%96_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8.jpg/360px-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%93_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%96_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%93_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%96_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8.jpg/480px-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%93_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%96_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4080" data-file-height="3060" /></a><figcaption>Mujib and <a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Kolkata</a></figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table> An Egyptian journalist noted that "Sheikh Mujibur Rahman does not belong to Bangladesh alone. He is the harbinger of freedom for all Bengalis. His Bengali nationalism is the new emergence of Bengali civilization and culture. Mujib is the hero of the Bengalis, in the past and in the times that are".<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated4-323">[312]</a> <a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro" title="Fidel Castro">Fidel Castro</a> remarked that "I have not seen the Himalayas. But I have seen Sheikh Mujib. In personality and in courage, this man is the Himalayas. I have thus had the experience of witnessing the Himalayas".<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated4-323">[312]</a> Mujib cited <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sukarno" title="Sukarno">Sukarno</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kemal_Ataturk" class="mw-redirect" title="Kemal Ataturk">Kemal Ataturk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Jawaharlal Nehru</a>, <a href="/wiki/Huseyn_Shaheed_Suhrawardy" title="Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy">Suhrawardy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Subhas_Chandra_Bose" title="Subhas Chandra Bose">Subhas Chandra Bose</a>, and <a href="/wiki/A._K._Fazlul_Huq" title="A. K. Fazlul Huq">A. K. Fazlul Huq</a> as the individuals he admires during an interview with <a href="/wiki/David_Frost" title="David Frost">David Frost</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKādira2004422-324">[313]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Honours">Honours</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bangladesh_Air_Force_Formation_Flight_(Fly_Past)_to_Celebrate_The_Birth_Centenary_of_Father_of_the_Nation_Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Bangladesh_Air_Force_Formation_Flight_%28Fly_Past%29_to_Celebrate_The_Birth_Centenary_of_Father_of_the_Nation_Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman.jpg/220px-Bangladesh_Air_Force_Formation_Flight_%28Fly_Past%29_to_Celebrate_The_Birth_Centenary_of_Father_of_the_Nation_Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Bangladesh_Air_Force_Formation_Flight_%28Fly_Past%29_to_Celebrate_The_Birth_Centenary_of_Father_of_the_Nation_Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman.jpg/330px-Bangladesh_Air_Force_Formation_Flight_%28Fly_Past%29_to_Celebrate_The_Birth_Centenary_of_Father_of_the_Nation_Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Bangladesh_Air_Force_Formation_Flight_%28Fly_Past%29_to_Celebrate_The_Birth_Centenary_of_Father_of_the_Nation_Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman.jpg/440px-Bangladesh_Air_Force_Formation_Flight_%28Fly_Past%29_to_Celebrate_The_Birth_Centenary_of_Father_of_the_Nation_Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1530" data-file-height="859" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Air_Force" title="Bangladesh Air Force">Bangladesh Air Force</a> formation flight during celebration of <a href="/wiki/Mujib_Year" title="Mujib Year">Mujib's birth centenary</a> on 17 March 2021</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Prize</th> <th>Year</th> <th>Reference </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/World_Peace_Council_prizes" title="World Peace Council prizes">Joliot-Curie Medal of Peace</a></td> <td>1973</td> <td><a href="#cite_note-325">[314]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Independence_Award" title="Independence Award">Independence Award</a></td> <td>2003</td> <td><a href="#cite_note-326">[315]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gandhi_Peace_Prize" title="Gandhi Peace Prize">Gandhi Peace Prize</a></td> <td>2020</td> <td><a href="#cite_note-327">[316]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/SAARC_Literary_Award" title="SAARC Literary Award">SAARC Literary Award</a></td> <td>2023</td> <td><a href="#cite_note-328">[317]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Father_of_the_Nation">Father of the Nation</h4></div> Mujib's consideration as the "<a href="/wiki/Father_of_the_Nation" title="Father of the Nation">Father of the Nation</a>" of Bangladesh is debated.<a href="#cite_note-332">[l]</a> Origin of this title is traced back to a public meeting on 3 March 1971 (during <a href="/wiki/Non-cooperation_movement_(1971)" title="Non-cooperation movement (1971)">Non-cooperation movement</a>) where <a href="/wiki/A._S._M._Abdur_Rab" title="A. S. M. Abdur Rab">A. S. M. Abdur Rab</a> referred Mujib as "The Father of the Nation".<a href="#cite_note-333">[321]</a> However, later claimed that <a href="/wiki/Tajuddin_Ahmad" title="Tajuddin Ahmad">Tajuddin Ahmad</a>, the first <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bangladesh" title="Prime Minister of Bangladesh">Prime Minister of Bangladesh</a>, was the first to refer Mujib as "The Father of the Nation".<a href="#cite_note-334">[322]</a> The 1972 <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Bangladesh" title="Constitution of Bangladesh">Constitution of Bangladesh</a> declared Mujib to be "Father of the Nation".<a href="#cite_note-335">[323]</a> On 8 March 1975, <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_Khan_Bhashani" title="Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani">Maulana Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani</a> in a college foundation stone ceremony also addressed Mujib as "Father of the Nation".<a href="#cite_note-336">[324]</a> In 2011, the Awami League-led <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliament of Bangladesh">parliament of Bangladesh</a> passed the <a href="/wiki/Amendments_to_the_Constitution_of_Bangladesh" title="Amendments to the Constitution of Bangladesh">15th amendment</a> to the country's constitution which referred to Mujib as the "Father of the Nation" in attached fifth, sixth, and seventh schedules covering his 7 March Speech, the declaration of independence on 26 March 1971, and the Proclamation of Independence issued by the Provisional Government on 10 April 1971.<a href="#cite_note-337">[325]</a> On 17 December 2024, <a href="/wiki/Fifteenth_Amendment_to_the_Constitution_of_Bangladesh" title="Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution of Bangladesh">15th amendment</a> was declared illegal by the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Bangladesh" title="Supreme Court of Bangladesh">Supreme Court of Bangladesh</a>.<a href="#cite_note-338">[326]</a><a href="#cite_note-339">[327]</a> On 16 October 2024, <a href="/wiki/Nahid_Islam" title="Nahid Islam">Nahid Islam</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Adviser_(Interim_government_of_Bangladesh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Adviser (Interim government of Bangladesh)">adviser</a> to the <a href="/wiki/2024_Bangladesh_interim_government" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Bangladesh interim government">interim government</a> stated that they doesn't consider Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib as the only Father of the Nation.<a href="#cite_note-340">[328]</a><a href="#cite_note-341">[329]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Portrayals">Portrayals</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Song">Song</h4></div> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Shono_Ekti_Mujiburer_Theke" class="mw-redirect" title="Shono Ekti Mujiburer Theke">Shono Ekti Mujiburer Theke</a>", a 1971 song about him, was inspiration for freedom fighters during <a href="/wiki/Liberation_war_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberation war of Bangladesh">liberation war of Bangladesh</a>.</li> <li>A song was written about him in 1990 and recorded in 1991 named "<a href="/wiki/Jodi_Raat_Pohale_Shona_Jeto" title="Jodi Raat Pohale Shona Jeto">Jodi Raat Pohale Shona Jeto</a>" became popular during election.</li> <li>In 2020 "Tumi Banglar Drubotara" (You are the star of Bengal), a song composed by poet <a href="/wiki/Kamal_Chowdhury" title="Kamal Chowdhury">Kamal Chowdhury</a> on the occasion of <a href="/wiki/Mujib_Year" title="Mujib Year">Mujib Year</a> was released.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Literature">Literature</h4></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Humayun_Ahmed" title="Humayun Ahmed">Humayun Ahmed</a> included Sheikh Mujib in two of his historical novels, 2004's <a href="/wiki/Jochona_O_Jononir_Golpo" title="Jochona O Jononir Golpo">Jochona O Jononir Golpo</a> and 2012's <a href="/wiki/Deyal_(novel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Deyal (novel)">Deyal</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neamat_Imam" title="Neamat Imam">Neamat Imam</a>'s novel <a href="/wiki/The_Black_Coat" title="The Black Coat">The Black Coat</a> depicts Mujib as a dictator.<a href="#cite_note-342">[330]</a></li> <li>In 2015, the <a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Research_and_Information" class="mw-redirect" title="Centre for Research and Information">Centre for Research and Information</a> (CRI) department of <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Awami_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladesh Awami League">Bangladesh Awami League</a> published a four-part children's comic book named Mujib based on Sheikh Mujib's two autobiographies.</li> <li>In March 2022, Muktidata Sheikh Mujib (Liberator Sheikh Mujib), a memoir of Mujibur Rahman, was published.<a href="#cite_note-343">[331]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Documentaries">Documentaries</h4></div> <ul><li>In 1972, David Frost Program in Bangladesh, a documentary based on interviews with Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was released. British journalist <a href="/wiki/David_Frost" title="David Frost">David Frost</a> made it based on the political life of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.<a href="#cite_note-344">[332]</a></li> <li>In the 1973 Japanese Documentary "Bengaru no chichi: Râman" (Rahman, The Father of Bengal), produced by Japanese director Nagashi Oshima, depicts Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's personal life, daily activities and subsequent plans.</li> <li>In 1973 Welcome Bangabandhu, a documentary based on Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's state visit to Japan, was produced by Mainichi Productions of Japan.<a href="#cite_note-345">[333]</a></li> <li>In 1996 "Chironjib Bangabandhu" (Immortal Bangabandhu), a documentary on the life and work of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was produced.</li> <li>In the 2018 documentary film <a href="/wiki/Hasina:_A_Daughter%27s_Tale" title="Hasina: A Daughter's Tale">Hasina: A Daughter's Tale</a>, Sheikh Mujib's daughter <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Hasina" title="Sheikh Hasina">Sheikh Hasina</a> spoke about the assassination of her father.<a href="#cite_note-SOON-346">[334]</a></li> <li>In 2021 "Bangabandhur Rajnoitik Jibon O Bangladesher Obbhudoy" (Bangabandhu's Political Life and the Rise of Bangladesh), a documentary on the life of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and the independence of Bangladesh, won the <a href="/wiki/45th_Bangladesh_National_Film_Awards" title="45th Bangladesh National Film Awards">45th Bangladesh National Film Awards</a> in the 'Best Documentary' category.<a href="#cite_note-347">[335]</a></li> <li>On 17 November 2023, <a href="/wiki/The_Assassin_Next_Door_(documentary)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Assassin Next Door (documentary)">The Assassin Next Door</a>, an episode of Canadian documentary series <a href="/wiki/The_Fifth_Estate_(TV_program)" title="The Fifth Estate (TV program)">The Fifth Estate</a> was released on <a href="/wiki/Noor_Chowdhury" class="mw-redirect" title="Noor Chowdhury">Noor Chowdhury</a>, the assassin of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.<a href="#cite_note-348">[336]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Films">Films</h4></div> <ul><li>In the 1974 Bangladeshi film <a href="/wiki/Sangram_(1974_film)" title="Sangram (1974 film)">Sangram</a>, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was portrayed by himself.</li> <li>In the 2014 British-Bangladeshi film "<a href="/wiki/Shongram" title="Shongram">Shongram</a>"(Struggle), about <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">Bangladesh Liberation War</a>, loosely based around key events and dates, such as Sheikh Mujibur Rahman after the <a href="/wiki/7th_March_Speech_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" class="mw-redirect" title="7th March Speech of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">war speech on the 7 March 1971</a>, just before his arrest, the first day of attack on the Bengali civilian population on 25 March 1971, while also explaining the atrocities that took place.<a href="#cite_note-flavourmag-349">[337]</a></li> <li>In the 2014 Indian film <a href="/wiki/Children_of_War_(2014_film)" title="Children of War (2014 film)">Children of War</a>, Prodip Ganguly portrayed of Sheikh Mujib.</li> <li>On 30 March 2021, <a href="/wiki/Tungiparar_Miya_Bhai" title="Tungiparar Miya Bhai">Tungiparar Miya Bhai</a>, a biopic of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was released.</li> <li>On 15 August 2021, <a href="/wiki/August_1975_(film)" title="August 1975 (film)">August 1975</a>, a Bangladeshi political drama film based on the immediate aftermath of <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a> was released.</li> <li>On 31 December 2021, <a href="/wiki/Chironjeeb_Mujib" title="Chironjeeb Mujib">Chironjeeb Mujib</a>, another biopic of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was released.</li> <li>In the 2023 short film "Bangamata" (Mother of Bengal), on the life of <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Fazilatunnesa_Mujib" title="Sheikh Fazilatunnesa Mujib">Sheikh Fazilatunnesa Mujib</a>, wife of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. Mujib is portrayed by Monir Ahmed Shakeel.<a href="#cite_note-:0-350">[338]</a></li> <li>On 29 September 2023, Dusshahoshi Khoka, a film was released that depicts Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's birth to adolescence and youth (1920–1938).<a href="#cite_note-351">[339]</a></li> <li>On 13 October 2023, <a href="/wiki/Mujib:_The_Making_of_a_Nation" title="Mujib: The Making of a Nation">Mujib: The Making of a Nation</a>, a biopic of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman directed by <a href="/wiki/Shyam_Benegal" title="Shyam Benegal">Shyam Benegal</a> was released.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Television">Television</h4></div> <ul><li>In 2007, With funding from the "Sheikh Mujib Research Center London", writer and journalist <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Gaffar_Chowdhury" title="Abdul Gaffar Chowdhury">Abdul Gaffar Chowdhury</a> made a television film "Palashi Theke Dhanmondi" based on his autobiographical political novel of the same name, starring <a href="/wiki/Pijush_Bandyopadhyay" title="Pijush Bandyopadhyay">Pijush Bandyopadhyay</a> as Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.<a href="#cite_note-352">[340]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Animations">Animations</h4></div> <ul><li>On 28 September 2021, <a href="/wiki/Khoka_Theke_Bangabandhu_Jatir_Pita" title="Khoka Theke Bangabandhu Jatir Pita">Khoka Theke Bangabandhu Jatir Pita</a>, an animated biopic of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was released.<a href="#cite_note-353">[341]</a></li> <li>On 1 October 2021, <a href="/wiki/Mujib_Amar_Pita" title="Mujib Amar Pita">Mujib Amar Pita</a>, another animated film about Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was released.<a href="#cite_note-354">[342]</a></li> <li>On 23 June 2023, <a href="/wiki/Mujib_Bhai" title="Mujib Bhai">Mujib Bhai</a>, another animated film about Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was released.<a href="#cite_note-355">[343]</a></li> <li>On 26 October 2023, <a href="/wiki/Amader_Choto_Russel_Shona" class="mw-redirect" title="Amader Choto Russel Shona">Amader Choto Russel Shona</a>, an animated film about <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Russel" title="Sheikh Russel">Sheikh Russel</a> was released where Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was portrayed as father of Russel.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Descendants">Descendants</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bangabandhu_%26_Bangamata.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Bangabandhu_%26_Bangamata.jpg/170px-Bangabandhu_%26_Bangamata.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Bangabandhu_%26_Bangamata.jpg/255px-Bangabandhu_%26_Bangamata.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Bangabandhu_%26_Bangamata.jpg/340px-Bangabandhu_%26_Bangamata.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1628" data-file-height="2317" /></a><figcaption>Mujib and <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Fazilatunnesa_Mujib" title="Sheikh Fazilatunnesa Mujib">Begum Mujib</a> in 1947</figcaption></figure> The Mujib couple had two daughters – <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Hasina" title="Sheikh Hasina">Sheikh Hasina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Rehana" title="Sheikh Rehana">Sheikh Rehana</a> – and three sons – <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Kamal" title="Sheikh Kamal">Sheikh Kamal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Jamal" title="Sheikh Jamal">Sheikh Jamal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Russel" title="Sheikh Russel">Sheikh Russel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKādira2004440-40">[34]</a> Kamal was an organiser of the Mukti Bahini guerrilla struggle in 1971 and received a <a href="/wiki/Battlefield_promotion" title="Battlefield promotion">wartime commission</a> in the Bangladesh Army during the Liberation War.<a href="#cite_note-356">[344]</a> Jamal was trained at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Military_Academy_Sandhurst" title="Royal Military Academy Sandhurst">Royal Military Academy Sandhurst</a> in Great Britain and later joined the <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Army" title="Bangladesh Army">Bangladesh Army</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Commissioned_Officer#Commissioned_officers" class="mw-redirect" title="Commissioned Officer">Commissioned Officer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-357">[345]</a><a href="#cite_note-jamal_1-358">[346]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGupta19815-359">[347]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Sheikh%E2%80%93Wazed_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheikh–Wazed family">Sheikh family</a> was under house arrest during the Bangladesh Liberation War until 17 December,<a href="#cite_note-360">[348]</a> Sheikh Kamal and Jamal found the means to escape and cross over to a liberated zone, where they joined the struggle to free the country. Almost the entire Sheikh family was assassinated on 15 August 1975 during a military coup d'état. Only <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Hasina" title="Sheikh Hasina">Sheikh Hasina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Rehana" title="Sheikh Rehana">Sheikh Rehana</a>, who were visiting <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a>, survived. Mujib is the maternal grandfather of <a href="/wiki/Tulip_Siddiq" title="Tulip Siddiq">Tulip Siddiq</a>, British MP<a href="#cite_note-361">[349]</a> for Hampstead and Kilburn since the 2015 UK general election.<a href="#cite_note-362">[350]</a> <a href="/wiki/Sajeeb_Wazed" title="Sajeeb Wazed">Sajeeb Wazed</a> is his eldest grandson. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sculpture_of_bangabandhu_at_ekushe_boimela_2023_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Sculpture_of_bangabandhu_at_ekushe_boimela_2023_2.jpg/220px-Sculpture_of_bangabandhu_at_ekushe_boimela_2023_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Sculpture_of_bangabandhu_at_ekushe_boimela_2023_2.jpg/330px-Sculpture_of_bangabandhu_at_ekushe_boimela_2023_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Sculpture_of_bangabandhu_at_ekushe_boimela_2023_2.jpg/440px-Sculpture_of_bangabandhu_at_ekushe_boimela_2023_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="6000" /></a><figcaption>A bust of Sheikh Mujib at the <a href="/wiki/Ekushey_Book_Fair" title="Ekushey Book Fair">Ekushey Book Fair</a></figcaption></figure> Mujib is today celebrated as a political <a href="/wiki/Diarist" class="mw-redirect" title="Diarist">diarist</a>. He kept a diary during his early political career in the 1940s and 50s. This diary was translated into English by <a href="/wiki/Fakrul_Alam" title="Fakrul Alam">Fakrul Alam</a> and published as <a href="/wiki/The_Unfinished_Memoirs" title="The Unfinished Memoirs">The Unfinished Memoirs</a>. The book was published in both India and <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> by <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Books" title="Penguin Books">Penguin Books</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a> respectively.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated20-107">[101]</a> The book has since been translated into French, Spanish, Korean, Arabic, and many other languages.<a href="#cite_note-369">[m]</a> Mujib also started writing his autobiography while in prison between 1967 and 1969; this diary was published in Bengali as <a href="/wiki/The_Prison_Diaries" title="The Prison Diaries">The Prison Diaries</a>. Mujib wrote a <a href="/wiki/Travel_literature" title="Travel literature">travelogue</a> of his visits to China during the 1950s. This travelogue was published as the book The New China as I Saw.<a href="#cite_note-370">[357]</a> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/The_Unfinished_Memoirs" title="The Unfinished Memoirs">The Unfinished Memoirs</a>. The University Press Limited, Penguin Books and Oxford University Press. 2012. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9845061100" title="Special:BookSources/978-9845061100"><bdi>978-9845061100</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Unfinished+Memoirs&rft.pub=The+University+Press+Limited%2C+Penguin+Books+and+Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-9845061100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Karagarer_Rojnamcha" class="mw-redirect" title="Karagarer Rojnamcha">The Prison Diaries</a>. Bangla Academy. 2017. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0470602645" title="Special:BookSources/978-0470602645"><bdi>978-0470602645</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Prison+Diaries&rft.pub=Bangla+Academy&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-0470602645&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Amar_Dekha_Noyachin" class="mw-redirect" title="Amar Dekha Noyachin">Amar Dekha Noya Chin</a> (in Bengali). Bangla Academy. 2020. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9840759880" title="Special:BookSources/978-9840759880"><bdi>978-9840759880</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Amar+Dekha+Noya+Chin&rft.pub=Bangla+Academy&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-9840759880&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> In <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Italian_Marble_Works_Ltd._v._Government_of_Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh Italian Marble Works Ltd. v. Government of Bangladesh">Bangladesh Italian Marble Works Ltd. v. Government of Bangladesh</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Appellate_Division,_Supreme_Court_of_Bangladesh" title="Appellate Division, Supreme Court of Bangladesh">Supreme Court</a> ruled that Mostaq's accession to the Presidency was illegal as it violated the line of succession and occurred after a military coup. Therefore, it was declared that Mostaq was a usurper and all Ordinances rendered by him under martial law were null and void of any legal effect.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> In 1949 while a second-year student studying law, Bangabandhu was expelled from the University of Dhaka by the Executive Council on the grounds of "instigating" a movement among the employees of the University to secure better pay and allowances. The expulsion was symbolically rescinded 61 years later in 2010 by the Executive Council.<a href="#cite_note-5">[4]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a>: শেখ মুজিবুর রহমান, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Bengali" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Bengali">romanized</a>: Śēkh Mujibur Rôhômān <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Bengali" title="Help:IPA/Bengali">[ˈʃeːkʰ mudʒɪbur ˈɾɔɦoman]</a> <a href="/wiki/Urdu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Urdu language">Urdu</a>: شیخ مجیب الرحمن, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Urdu" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Urdu">romanized</a>: Śēkh Mujīb ur-Rahman <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hindi_and_Urdu" title="Help:IPA/Hindi and Urdu">[ˈʃeːkʰ mʊd͡ʒiːbʊɾ ɾəɦmɑːn]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a>: বঙ্গবন্ধু, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Bengali" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Bengali">romanized</a>: Bôṅgôbôndhu <a href="/wiki/Urdu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Urdu language">Urdu</a>: بنگ بندھو, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Urdu" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Urdu">romanized</a>: Bṅgbndhu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Bengali" title="Help:IPA/Bengali">[ˈbɔŋgobondʱu]</a> (<abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr> 'Friend of <a href="/wiki/Bengal" title="Bengal">Bengal</a>') </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> Citations: <a href="#cite_note-9">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[7]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> Multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-13">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated21-14">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto2-15">[10]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> Multiple references: <a href="#cite_note-autogenerated17-165">[159]</a><a href="#cite_note-166">[160]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bangabandhu-167">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-168">[162]</a><a href="#cite_note-169">[163]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-299"><a href="#cite_ref-299">^</a> Never took oath as he was arrested on 26 March 1971. </li> <li id="cite_note-301"><a href="#cite_ref-301">^</a> Vacated.<a href="#cite_note-300">[292]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-303"><a href="#cite_ref-303">^</a> Vacated.<a href="#cite_note-1973results-302">[293]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-312"><a href="#cite_ref-312">^</a> Multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-305">[295]</a><a href="#cite_note-306">[296]</a><a href="#cite_note-307">[297]</a><a href="#cite_note-308">[298]</a><a href="#cite_note-309">[299]</a><a href="#cite_note-310">[300]</a><a href="#cite_note-charliecampbell-311">[301]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-332"><a href="#cite_ref-332">^</a> Multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-329">[318]</a><a href="#cite_note-330">[319]</a><a href="#cite_note-331">[320]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-369"><a href="#cite_ref-369">^</a> Multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-363">[351]</a><a href="#cite_note-364">[352]</a><a href="#cite_note-365">[353]</a><a href="#cite_note-366">[354]</a><a href="#cite_note-367">[355]</a><a href="#cite_note-368">[356]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHasan_Pias2020" class="citation news cs1">Hasan Pias, Mehedi (16 August 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230305191253/https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2020/08/16/inside-the-indemnity-ordinance-that-protected-the-killers-of-bangabandhu">"Inside the Indemnity Ordinance that protected the killers of Bangabandhu"</a>. Bdnews24.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2020/08/16/inside-the-indemnity-ordinance-that-protected-the-killers-of-bangabandhu">the original</a> on 5 March 2023. Retrieved 15 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bdnews24.com&rft.atitle=Inside+the+Indemnity+Ordinance+that+protected+the+killers+of+Bangabandhu&rft.date=2020-08-16&rft.aulast=Hasan+Pias&rft.aufirst=Mehedi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbdnews24.com%2Fbangladesh%2F2020%2F08%2F16%2Finside-the-indemnity-ordinance-that-protected-the-killers-of-bangabandhu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.thedailystar.net/images/5thammendment.pdf">"Civil Petition for Leave to Appeal Nos. 1044 & 1045 OF 2009"</a> (PDF). The Daily Star. 2 February 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220706044606/https://archive.thedailystar.net/images/5thammendment.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 15 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Civil+Petition+for+Leave+to+Appeal+Nos.+1044+%26+1045+OF+2009&rft.date=2010-02-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.thedailystar.net%2Fimages%2F5thammendment.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAli_Manik2010" class="citation news cs1">Ali Manik, Julfikar (25 August 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-152188">"5th amendment verdict paves way for justice"</a>. The Daily Star. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220526074635/https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-152188">Archived</a> from the original on 26 May 2022. Retrieved 15 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=5th+amendment+verdict+paves+way+for+justice&rft.date=2010-08-25&rft.aulast=Ali+Manik&rft.aufirst=Julfikar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fnews-detail-152188&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAsif_Shawon2021" class="citation news cs1">Asif Shawon, Ali (14 August 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2021/08/13/bangabandhu-s-grand-return-to-du-was-ruined-by-assassination">"Bangabandhu's grand return to DU was ruined by assassination"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Dhaka_Tribune" title="Dhaka Tribune">Dhaka Tribune</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220727235245/https://archive.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2021/08/13/bangabandhu-s-grand-return-to-du-was-ruined-by-assassination">Archived</a> from the original on 27 July 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dhaka+Tribune&rft.atitle=Bangabandhu%27s+grand+return+to+DU+was+ruined+by+assassination&rft.date=2021-08-14&rft.aulast=Asif+Shawon&rft.aufirst=Ali&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.dhakatribune.com%2Fbangladesh%2F2021%2F08%2F13%2Fbangabandhu-s-grand-return-to-du-was-ruined-by-assassination&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151222121518/https://newagebd.net/146076/cabinet-pays-homage-to-bangladeshs-founding-president-sheikh-mujibur-rahman/">"Cabinet Pays Homage to Bangladesh's Founding President Sheikh Mujibur Rahman"</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_Age_(Bangladesh)" title="New Age (Bangladesh)">New Age</a>. 10 August 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newagebd.net/146076/cabinet-pays-homage-to-bangladeshs-founding-president-sheikh-mujibur-rahman/">the original</a> on 22 December 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Age&rft.atitle=Cabinet+Pays+Homage+to+Bangladesh%27s+Founding+President+Sheikh+Mujibur+Rahman&rft.date=2015-08-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewagebd.net%2F146076%2Fcabinet-pays-homage-to-bangladeshs-founding-president-sheikh-mujibur-rahman%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/politics/all-presidents-bangladesh-975256">"All the presidents of Bangladesh"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Business_Standard" title="The Business Standard">The Business Standard</a>. 24 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Business+Standard&rft.atitle=All+the+presidents+of+Bangladesh&rft.date=2024-10-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tbsnews.net%2Fbangladesh%2Fpolitics%2Fall-presidents-bangladesh-975256&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240815161124/https://www.newagebd.net/post/politics/242605/al-observes-mourning-day-today">"AL observes mourning day today"</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_Age_(Bangladesh)" title="New Age (Bangladesh)">New Age</a>. 15 August 2024. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newagebd.net/post/politics/242605/al-observes-mourning-day-today">the original</a> on 15 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Age&rft.atitle=AL+observes+mourning+day+today&rft.date=2024-08-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newagebd.net%2Fpost%2Fpolitics%2F242605%2Fal-observes-mourning-day-today&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240627112526/https://www.nytimes.com/1975/08/15/archives/mujib-reported-overthrown-and-killed-in-a-coup-by-the-bangladesh.html">"Mu jib Reported Overthrown and Killed in a Coup by the Bangladesh Military"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. 15 August 1975. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1975/08/15/archives/mujib-reported-overthrown-and-killed-in-a-coup-by-the-bangladesh.html">the original</a> on 27 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Mu+jib+Reported+Overthrown+and+Killed+in+a+Coup+by+the+Bangladesh+Military&rft.date=1975-08-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1975%2F08%2F15%2Farchives%2Fmujib-reported-overthrown-and-killed-in-a-coup-by-the-bangladesh.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated21-14">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated21_14-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated21_14-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated21_14-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mujibur-Rahman">"Mujibur Rahman"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Britannica</a>. 11 August 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190416203911/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mujibur-Rahman">Archived</a> from the original on 16 April 2019. Retrieved 13 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Mujibur+Rahman&rft.btitle=Britannica&rft.date=2023-08-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FMujibur-Rahman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto2-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_15-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_15-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="17_March_is_the_birth_anniversary_of_Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_(1920–1975),_the_founding_leader_of_Bangladesh_and_the_country's_first_Prime_Minister._He_is_referred_to_as_Sheikh_Mujib_or_simply_Mujib,_the_title_'Bangabandhu'_meaning_'friend_of_Bengal'." class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527114210/https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-who-is-sheikh-mujibur-rahman-whose-birth-centenary-bangladesh-is-observing-6317512/">"Who is Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, whose birth centenary Bangladesh is observing today"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Indian_Express" title="The Indian Express">The Indian Express</a>. 17 March 2020. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-who-is-sheikh-mujibur-rahman-whose-birth-centenary-bangladesh-is-observing-6317512/">the original</a> on 27 May 2024. Retrieved 28 May 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=Who+is+Sheikh+Mujibur+Rahman%2C+whose+birth+centenary+Bangladesh+is+observing+today&rft.date=2020-03-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Farticle%2Fexplained%2Fexplained-who-is-sheikh-mujibur-rahman-whose-birth-centenary-bangladesh-is-observing-6317512%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4682_days-17">^ <a href="#cite_ref-4682_days_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-4682_days_17-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.prothomalo.com/politics/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81-%E0%A7%AA-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A7%AC%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%A8-%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8">"সংসদে তোফায়েল আহমেদ: বঙ্গবন্ধু ৪ হাজার ৬৮২ দিন কারাগারে ছিলেন"</a>. প্রথম আলো. 7 March 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240627201927/https://www.prothomalo.com/politics/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81-%E0%A7%AA-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A7%AC%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%A8-%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8">Archived</a> from the original on 27 June 2024. Retrieved 20 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87+%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2+%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A6%3A+%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81+%E0%A7%AA+%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A7%AC%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%A8+%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8+%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87+%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8&rft.date=2017-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.prothomalo.com%2Fpolitics%2F%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%2599%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%2597%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25A7%25E0%25A7%2581-%25E0%25A7%25AA-%25E0%25A6%25B9%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%259C%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25B0-%25E0%25A7%25AC%25E0%25A7%25AE%25E0%25A7%25A8-%25E0%25A6%25A6%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25A8-%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%2597%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A7%2587-%25E0%25A6%259B%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A7%2587%25E0%25A6%25A8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231105084500/https://www.daily-sun.com/printversion/details/706268/Immortal-Bangabandhu">"Immortal Bangabandhu"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Daily_Sun_(Bangladesh)" title="Daily Sun (Bangladesh)">Daily Sun</a>. 15 August 2023. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.daily-sun.com/printversion/details/706268/Immortal-Bangabandhu">the original</a> on 5 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Sun&rft.atitle=Immortal+Bangabandhu&rft.date=2023-08-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.daily-sun.com%2Fprintversion%2Fdetails%2F706268%2FImmortal-Bangabandhu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated14-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated14_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated14_19-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240805104027/http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/upload/act/2022-04-18-13-27-54-Scheudle__367.pdf">"First Schedule"</a> (PDF). Laws of Bangladesh. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/upload/act/2022-04-18-13-27-54-Scheudle__367.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 5 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Laws+of+Bangladesh&rft.atitle=First+Schedule&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd%2Fupload%2Fact%2F2022-04-18-13-27-54-Scheudle__367.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1972/01/07/archives/waiting-for-mujib-bengalis-delay-key-decisions.html">"Waiting for Mujib, Bengalis Delay Key Decisions"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. 7 January 1972. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241010064711/https://www.nytimes.com/1972/01/07/archives/waiting-for-mujib-bengalis-delay-key-decisions.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2024. Retrieved 30 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Waiting+for+Mujib%2C+Bengalis+Delay+Key+Decisions&rft.date=1972-01-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1972%2F01%2F07%2Farchives%2Fwaiting-for-mujib-bengalis-delay-key-decisions.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFButterfield1972" class="citation news cs1">Butterfield, Fox (16 January 1972). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1972/01/16/archives/a-big-bag-of-problems-for-mujib.html">"Bangladesh"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241010064712/https://www.nytimes.com/1972/01/16/archives/a-big-bag-of-problems-for-mujib.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2024. Retrieved 30 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Bangladesh&rft.date=1972-01-16&rft.aulast=Butterfield&rft.aufirst=Fox&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1972%2F01%2F16%2Farchives%2Fa-big-bag-of-problems-for-mujib.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZiring1999" class="citation book cs1">Ziring, Lawrence (1999). Bangladesh: From Mujib to Ershad. Oxford University Press. p. 98. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780195774207" title="Special:BookSources/9780195774207"><bdi>9780195774207</bdi></a>. <q>Opinion was strong that the paramilitary organization was no different from Hitler's Brown Shirts or the Gestapo</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bangladesh%3A+From+Mujib+to+Ershad&rft.pages=98&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9780195774207&rft.aulast=Ziring&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1975/01/30/archives/one-mans-basket-case.html">"One Man's Basket Case"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. 30 January 1975. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220509221720/https://www.nytimes.com/1975/01/30/archives/one-mans-basket-case.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 May 2022. Retrieved 30 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=One+Man%27s+Basket+Case&rft.date=1975-01-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1975%2F01%2F30%2Farchives%2Fone-mans-basket-case.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDixit1999" class="citation book cs1">Dixit, J.N. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uplbooks.com/book/liberation-and-beyond-indo-bangladesh-relations">Liberation and Beyond: Indo-Bangladesh relations</a>. University Press Limited. p. 198. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788122005455" title="Special:BookSources/9788122005455"><bdi>9788122005455</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Liberation+and+Beyond%3A+Indo-Bangladesh+relations&rft.pages=198&rft.pub=University+Press+Limited&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9788122005455&rft.aulast=Dixit&rft.aufirst=J.N.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uplbooks.com%2Fbook%2Fliberation-and-beyond-indo-bangladesh-relations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1975/01/26/archives/sheik-mujib-gets-total-authority-over-bangladesh-a-strong.html">"Sheik Mujib Gets Total Authority Over Bangladesh"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. 26 January 1975. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230926133238/https://www.nytimes.com/1975/01/26/archives/sheik-mujib-gets-total-authority-over-bangladesh-a-strong.html">Archived</a> from the original on 26 September 2023. Retrieved 30 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Sheik+Mujib+Gets+Total+Authority+Over+Bangladesh&rft.date=1975-01-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1975%2F01%2F26%2Farchives%2Fsheik-mujib-gets-total-authority-over-bangladesh-a-strong.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrebs1975" class="citation news cs1">Krebs, Albin (16 August 1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1975/08/16/archives/mujib-led-long-fight-to-free-bengalis.html">"Mujib Led Long Fight to Free Bengalis"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240918003721/https://www.nytimes.com/1975/08/16/archives/mujib-led-long-fight-to-free-bengalis.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 September 2024. Retrieved 2 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Mujib+Led+Long+Fight+to+Free+Bengalis&rft.date=1975-08-16&rft.aulast=Krebs&rft.aufirst=Albin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1975%2F08%2F16%2Farchives%2Fmujib-led-long-fight-to-free-bengalis.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SMR1-27"><a href="#cite_ref-SMR1_27-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240526223911/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/3623345.stm">"Listeners name 'greatest Bengali'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. 14 April 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/3623345.stm">the original</a> on 26 May 2024. Retrieved 16 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Listeners+name+%27greatest+Bengali%27&rft.date=2004-04-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fsouth_asia%2F3623345.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHabib2004" class="citation news cs1">Habib, Haroon (17 April 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225011708/https://www.thehindu.com/2004/04/17/stories/2004041703001700.htm">"International : Mujib, Tagore, Bose among 'greatest Bengalis of all time'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/2004/04/17/stories/2004041703001700.htm">the original</a> on 25 December 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=International+%3A+Mujib%2C+Tagore%2C+Bose+among+%27greatest+Bengalis+of+all+time%27&rft.date=2004-04-17&rft.aulast=Habib&rft.aufirst=Haroon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2F2004%2F04%2F17%2Fstories%2F2004041703001700.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225011711/http://archive.thedailystar.net/2004/04/16/d4041601066.htm">"Bangabandhu judged greatest Bangali of all time"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Star_(Bangladesh)" title="The Daily Star (Bangladesh)">The Daily Star</a>. 16 April 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.thedailystar.net/2004/04/16/d4041601066.htm">the original</a> on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 9 November 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Bangabandhu+judged+greatest+Bangali+of+all+time&rft.date=2004-04-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.thedailystar.net%2F2004%2F04%2F16%2Fd4041601066.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedailystar.net/politics/unesco-recognises-bangabandhu-sheikh-mujibur-rahman-7th-march-speech-memory-of-the-world-1484356">"Unesco recognises Bangabandhu's 7th March speech"</a>. The Daily Star. 31 October 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171031122936/http://www.thedailystar.net/politics/unesco-recognises-bangabandhu-sheikh-mujibur-rahman-7th-march-speech-memory-of-the-world-1484356">Archived</a> from the original on 31 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Unesco+recognises+Bangabandhu%27s+7th+March+speech&rft.date=2017-10-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fpolitics%2Funesco-recognises-bangabandhu-sheikh-mujibur-rahman-7th-march-speech-memory-of-the-world-1484356&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240301073202/https://en.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/merby646ni">"'Amar Dekha Noya Chin': Bangabandhu's formative journey in a travelogue-style graphic novel"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Prothom_Alo" title="Prothom Alo">Prothom Alo</a>. 28 February 2024. 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Retrieved 24 July 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Rahman%2C+Bangabandhu+Sheikh+Mujibur&rft.btitle=Banglapedia%3A+National+Encyclopedia+of+Bangladesh&rft.edition=Second&rft.pub=Asiatic+Society+of+Bangladesh&rft.date=2012&rft.au=Harun-or-+Rashid&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.banglapedia.org%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DRahman%2C_Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.daily-sun.com/post/541917/Oshomapto-Atmojiboni-by-Sheikh-Mujibur-Rahman">"Oshomapto Atmojiboni by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman"</a>. Daily Sun. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230504045635/https://www.daily-sun.com/post/541917/Oshomapto-Atmojiboni-by-Sheikh-Mujibur-Rahman">Archived</a> from the original on 4 May 2023. Retrieved 4 May 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Sun&rft.atitle=Oshomapto+Atmojiboni+by+Sheikh+Mujibur+Rahman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.daily-sun.com%2Fpost%2F541917%2FOshomapto-Atmojiboni-by-Sheikh-Mujibur-Rahman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHasina2020" class="citation book cs1">Hasina, Sheikh (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LmjIDwAAQBAJ&q=secret+documents+of+intelligence+branch+on+father+of+the+nation+landed+property+taluqdar&pg=PA169">Secret Documents of Intelligence Branch on Father of The Nation, Bangladesh: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman: Volume I (1948–1950)</a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-000-03311-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-000-03311-3"><bdi>978-1-000-03311-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241010064712/https://books.google.com/books?id=LmjIDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA169&dq=%22secret+documents+of+intelligence+branch+on+father+of+the+nation+landed+property+taluqdar%22&q=secret+documents+of+intelligence+branch+on+father+of+the+nation+landed+property+taluqdar#v=snippet&q=secret%20documents%20of%20intelligence%20branch%20on%20father%20of%20the%20nation%20landed%20property%20taluqdar&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Secret+Documents+of+Intelligence+Branch+on+Father+of+The+Nation%2C+Bangladesh%3A+Bangabandhu+Sheikh+Mujibur+Rahman%3A+Volume+I+%281948%E2%80%931950%29&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-1-000-03311-3&rft.aulast=Hasina&rft.aufirst=Sheikh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLmjIDwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dsecret%2Bdocuments%2Bof%2Bintelligence%2Bbranch%2Bon%2Bfather%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bnation%2Blanded%2Bproperty%2Btaluqdar%26pg%3DPA169&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.barristersheikhtaposh.info/fazlulmoni.php">"Barrister Sheikh Fazle Noor Taposh"</a>. barristersheikhtaposh.info. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230504045632/https://www.barristersheikhtaposh.info/fazlulmoni.php">Archived</a> from the original on 4 May 2023. Retrieved 4 May 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=barristersheikhtaposh.info&rft.atitle=Barrister+Sheikh+Fazle+Noor+Taposh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.barristersheikhtaposh.info%2Ffazlulmoni.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman2012-34"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman2012_34-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMujibur_Rahman2012">Mujibur Rahman 2012</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKalam2022" class="citation book cs1">Kalam, Abul (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BvCaEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22sheikh+mujib+family+iraqi+descent%22&pg=PA84">Diplomacy and The Independence of Bangladesh: Portrayal of Mujib's Statesmanship</a>. World Scientific. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-981-12-5554-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-981-12-5554-0"><bdi>978-981-12-5554-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241010064712/https://books.google.com/books?id=BvCaEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA84&dq=%22sheikh+mujib+family+iraqi+descent%22#v=onepage&q=%22sheikh%20mujib%20family%20iraqi%20descent%22&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Diplomacy+and+The+Independence+of+Bangladesh%3A+Portrayal+of+Mujib%27s+Statesmanship&rft.pub=World+Scientific&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-981-12-5554-0&rft.aulast=Kalam&rft.aufirst=Abul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBvCaEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522sheikh%2Bmujib%2Bfamily%2Biraqi%2Bdescent%2522%26pg%3DPA84&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.barristersheikhtaposh.info/familytree.php">"Barrister Sheikh Fazle Noor Taposh"</a>. barristersheikhtaposh.info. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230504011350/https://barristersheikhtaposh.info/familytree.php">Archived</a> from the original on 4 May 2023. Retrieved 4 May 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=barristersheikhtaposh.info&rft.atitle=Barrister+Sheikh+Fazle+Noor+Taposh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.barristersheikhtaposh.info%2Ffamilytree.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201114105858/https://mujib100.gov.bd/pages/mujib/timeline.html">"Mujib Timeline"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mujib100.gov.bd/pages/mujib/timeline.html">the original</a> on 14 November 2020. Retrieved 18 December 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mujib+Timeline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmujib100.gov.bd%2Fpages%2Fmujib%2Ftimeline.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-childhood-38">^ <a href="#cite_ref-childhood_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-childhood_38-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-childhood_38-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bhorerkagoj.com/2020/03/17/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE/"><bdi lang="bn">বঙ্গবন্ধুর ছেলেবেলা</bdi></a>. Bhorer Kagoj. 17 March 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210112060818/https://www.bhorerkagoj.com/2020/03/17/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE/">Archived</a> from the original on 12 January 2021. Retrieved 19 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bhorer+Kagoj&rft.atitle=%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE&rft.date=2020-03-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bhorerkagoj.com%2F2020%2F03%2F17%2F%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%2599%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%2597%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25A7%25E0%25A7%2581%25E0%25A6%25B0-%25E0%25A6%259B%25E0%25A7%2587%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A7%2587%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A7%2587%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A6%25BE%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman2012xv-39"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman2012xv_39-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMujibur_Rahman2012">Mujibur Rahman 2012</a>, p. xv. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKādira2004440-40">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKādira2004440_40-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKādira2004440_40-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFKādira2004">Kādira 2004</a>, p. 440. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman20129-41"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman20129_41-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMujibur_Rahman2012">Mujibur Rahman 2012</a>, p. 9. </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180803104448/http://www.londoni.co/index.php/who-s-who?id=68">"Fazlur Rahman (F. R.) Khan"</a>. londoni.co. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.londoni.co/index.php/who-s-who?id=68">the original</a> on 3 August 2018. Retrieved 24 January 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=londoni.co&rft.atitle=Fazlur+Rahman+%28F.+R.%29+Khan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.londoni.co%2Findex.php%2Fwho-s-who%3Fid%3D68&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman20127-43"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman20127_43-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMujibur_Rahman2012">Mujibur Rahman 2012</a>, p. 7. </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tbsnews.net/thoughts/begum-fazilatunnessa-mujib-woman-moral-power-473730">"Begum Fazilatunnessa Mujib . . . woman of moral power"</a>. The Business Standard. 8 August 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230816213629/https://www.tbsnews.net/thoughts/begum-fazilatunnessa-mujib-woman-moral-power-473730">Archived</a> from the original on 16 August 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Business+Standard&rft.atitle=Begum+Fazilatunnessa+Mujib+.+.+.+woman+of+moral+power&rft.date=2022-08-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tbsnews.net%2Fthoughts%2Fbegum-fazilatunnessa-mujib-woman-moral-power-473730&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newagebd.net/article/208935/bup-observes-birth-anniv-of-begum-mujib">"BUP observes birth anniv of Begum Mujib"</a>. New Age. 9 August 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230816213622/https://www.newagebd.net/article/208935/bup-observes-birth-anniv-of-begum-mujib">Archived</a> from the original on 16 August 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Age&rft.atitle=BUP+observes+birth+anniv+of+Begum+Mujib&rft.date=2023-08-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newagebd.net%2Farticle%2F208935%2Fbup-observes-birth-anniv-of-begum-mujib&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indianexpress.com/photos/india-news/sheikh-mujibur-rehman-baker-hostel-room-7244807/">"Baker Hostel, Room No 24: Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's days in Calcutta"</a>. The Indian Express. 26 March 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220928071823/https://indianexpress.com/photos/india-news/sheikh-mujibur-rehman-baker-hostel-room-7244807/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 4 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=Baker+Hostel%2C+Room+No+24%3A+Sheikh+Mujibur+Rahman%27s+days+in+Calcutta&rft.date=2021-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Fphotos%2Findia-news%2Fsheikh-mujibur-rehman-baker-hostel-room-7244807%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedailystar.net/news/hasina-visits-baker-hostel">"Hasina visits Baker Hostel"</a>. The Daily Star. 28 January 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230115011427/https://www.thedailystar.net/news/hasina-visits-baker-hostel">Archived</a> from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 4 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Hasina+visits+Baker+Hostel&rft.date=1999-01-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fnews%2Fhasina-visits-baker-hostel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman2012xvi-48"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMujibur_Rahman2012xvi_48-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMujibur_Rahman2012">Mujibur Rahman 2012</a>, p. xvi. </li> <li id="cite_note-en.banglapedia.org-49"><a href="#cite_ref-en.banglapedia.org_49-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Suhrawardy,_Huseyn_Shaheed">"Suhrawardy, Huseyn Shaheed"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Banglapedia" title="Banglapedia">Banglapedia</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230406200806/https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Suhrawardy,_Huseyn_Shaheed">Archived</a> from the original on 6 April 2023. Retrieved 4 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Banglapedia&rft.atitle=Suhrawardy%2C+Huseyn+Shaheed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.banglapedia.org%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DSuhrawardy%2C_Huseyn_Shaheed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-মুনতাসীর-50"><a href="#cite_ref-মুনতাসীর_50-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFমামুন2013" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script">মামুন, মুনতাসীর (February 2013). <bdi lang="bn">বঙ্গবন্ধু কীভাবে আমাদের স্বাধীনতা এনেছিলেন</bdi>. মাওলা ব্রাদার্স.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81+%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87+%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE+%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8&rft.pub=%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE+%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8&rft.date=2013-02&rft.aulast=%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8&rft.aufirst=%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/bengali/news-40963034.amp"><bdi lang="bn">সাতচল্লিশে সিলেট কীভাবে পাকিস্তানের অংশ হল?</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_Bangla" title="BBC Bangla">BBC Bangla</a>. 17 August 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210112073108/https://www.bbc.com/bengali/news-40963034.amp">Archived</a> from the original on 12 January 2021. Retrieved 22 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87+%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F+%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87+%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B6+%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B2%3F&rft.date=2020-08-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fbengali%2Fnews-40963034.amp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHashmi2014" class="citation news cs1">Hashmi, Taj (28 December 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedailystar.net/was-dhaka-university-ever-the-oxford-of-the-east-57343">"Was Dhaka University ever the 'Oxford of the East'?"</a>. The Daily Star. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220929125941/https://www.thedailystar.net/was-dhaka-university-ever-the-oxford-of-the-east-57343">Archived</a> from the original on 29 September 2022. Retrieved 4 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Was+Dhaka+University+ever+the+%27Oxford+of+the+East%27%3F&rft.date=2014-12-28&rft.aulast=Hashmi&rft.aufirst=Taj&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fwas-dhaka-university-ever-the-oxford-of-the-east-57343&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newagebd.net/article/156210/oxford-of-the-east-or-the-mecca-university">"'Oxford of the East' or the 'Mecca University'?"</a>. New Age. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220929125943/https://www.newagebd.net/article/156210/oxford-of-the-east-or-the-mecca-university">Archived</a> from the original on 29 September 2022. Retrieved 4 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Age&rft.atitle=%27Oxford+of+the+East%27+or+the+%27Mecca+University%27%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newagebd.net%2Farticle%2F156210%2Foxford-of-the-east-or-the-mecca-university&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhammed" class="citation news cs1">Ahammed, Rakib. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-150811">"DU rights historic wrong"</a>. The Daily Star. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171230230040/http://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-150811">Archived</a> from the original on 30 December 2017. Retrieved 30 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=DU+rights+historic+wrong&rft.aulast=Ahammed&rft.aufirst=Rakib&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fnews-detail-150811&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BD-55"><a href="#cite_ref-BD_55-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171230172107/https://m.bdnews24.com/en/detail/bangladesh/248617">"Mujib's DU expulsion order withdrawn"</a>. bdnews24.com. 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Retrieved 7 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=East+Pakistanis+Hail+Miss+Jinnah%3B+Campaign+Train+of+Ayub+Foe+is+Thronged+on+Tour&rft.date=1964-10-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1964%2F10%2F18%2Farchives%2Feast-pakistanis-hail-miss-jinnah-campaign-train-of-ayub-foe-is.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChoudhury1972" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/G._W._Choudhury" class="mw-redirect" title="G. W. Choudhury">Choudhury, G. W.</a> (April 1972). "Bangladesh: Why It Happened". International Affairs. 48 (2): 242–249. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2613440">10.2307/2613440</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2613440">2613440</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Affairs&rft.atitle=Bangladesh%3A+Why+It+Happened&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E242-%3C%2Fspan%3E249&rft.date=1972-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2613440&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2613440%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Choudhury&rft.aufirst=G.+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJahan1972" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rounaq_Jahan" title="Rounaq Jahan">Jahan, Rounaq</a> (1972). 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The Pioneer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221107182451/https://www.dailypioneer.com/2018/columnists/iccrs-misadventure-with-urdu.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 November 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Pioneer&rft.atitle=ICCR%27s+misadventure+with+Urdu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailypioneer.com%2F2018%2Fcolumnists%2Ficcrs-misadventure-with-urdu.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newagebd.net/article/11351/i-used-to-sing-rabindra-sangeet">"I used to sing Rabindra Sangeet"</a>. New Age. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221107182451/https://www.newagebd.net/article/11351/i-used-to-sing-rabindra-sangeet">Archived</a> from the original on 7 November 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Age&rft.atitle=I+used+to+sing+Rabindra+Sangeet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newagebd.net%2Farticle%2F11351%2Fi-used-to-sing-rabindra-sangeet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tbsnews.net/thoughts/exploring-history-bangladesh-through-different-lens-276319">"Exploring the history of Bangladesh through a different lens"</a>. Business Standard. 18 July 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221107182458/https://www.tbsnews.net/thoughts/exploring-history-bangladesh-through-different-lens-276319">Archived</a> from the original on 7 November 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Business+Standard&rft.atitle=Exploring+the+history+of+Bangladesh+through+a+different+lens&rft.date=2021-07-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tbsnews.net%2Fthoughts%2Fexploring-history-bangladesh-through-different-lens-276319&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.thedailystar.net/forum/2012/July/sufia.htm">"Forum"</a>. The Daily Star. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221107182451/https://archive.thedailystar.net/forum/2012/July/sufia.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 7 November 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Forum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.thedailystar.net%2Fforum%2F2012%2FJuly%2Fsufia.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNurul_Islam2014" class="citation news cs1">Nurul Islam (22 June 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedailystar.net/the-two-economies-thesis-road-to-the-six-points-programme-29679">"The Two Economies thesis: Road to the Six Points Programme"</a>. The Daily Star. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221107182453/https://www.thedailystar.net/the-two-economies-thesis-road-to-the-six-points-programme-29679">Archived</a> from the original on 7 November 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=The+Two+Economies+thesis%3A+Road+to+the+Six+Points+Programme&rft.date=2014-06-22&rft.au=Nurul+Islam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fthe-two-economies-thesis-road-to-the-six-points-programme-29679&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cpd.org.bd/from-two-economies-to-two-nations-my-journey-to-bangladesh/">"Two Economies to Two Nations: Rehman Sobhan's Journey to Bangladesh"</a>. CPD. 30 August 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221107182457/https://cpd.org.bd/from-two-economies-to-two-nations-my-journey-to-bangladesh/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 November 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CPD&rft.atitle=Two+Economies+to+Two+Nations%3A+Rehman+Sobhan%27s+Journey+to+Bangladesh&rft.date=2015-08-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcpd.org.bd%2Ffrom-two-economies-to-two-nations-my-journey-to-bangladesh%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tbsnews.net/first-anniversary/two-economies-two-nations-revisiting-bangladeshs-economic-transformation-189289">"From Two Economies to Two Nations: Revisiting Bangladesh's Economic Transformation"</a>. The Daily Star. 21 January 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221107185453/https://www.tbsnews.net/first-anniversary/two-economies-two-nations-revisiting-bangladeshs-economic-transformation-189289">Archived</a> from the original on 7 November 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=From+Two+Economies+to+Two+Nations%3A+Revisiting+Bangladesh%27s+Economic+Transformation&rft.date=2021-01-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tbsnews.net%2Ffirst-anniversary%2Ftwo-economies-two-nations-revisiting-bangladeshs-economic-transformation-189289&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.goodreads.com/work/best_book/48150285-from-two-economies-to-two-nations-my-journey-to-bangladesh">"From Two Economies To Two Nations"</a>. goodreads.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241010065215/https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/28139259-from-two-economies-to-two-nations">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2024. Retrieved 8 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=goodreads.com&rft.atitle=From+Two+Economies+To+Two+Nations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.goodreads.com%2Fwork%2Fbest_book%2F48150285-from-two-economies-to-two-nations-my-journey-to-bangladesh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cri.org.bd/2021/06/16/all-you-need-to-know-about-the-six-point-movement-in-east-pakistan/">"All you need to know about the Six-Point Movement in East Pakistan"</a>. 16 June 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221107182446/https://cri.org.bd/2021/06/16/all-you-need-to-know-about-the-six-point-movement-in-east-pakistan/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 November 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=All+you+need+to+know+about+the+Six-Point+Movement+in+East+Pakistan&rft.date=2021-06-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcri.org.bd%2F2021%2F06%2F16%2Fall-you-need-to-know-about-the-six-point-movement-in-east-pakistan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManik2008" class="citation news cs1">Manik, M. Waheeduzzaman (7 June 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-40021">"The historic six-point movement and its impact on the struggle for independence"</a>. The Daily Star. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180108070230/http://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-40021">Archived</a> from the original on 8 January 2018. Retrieved 3 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=The+historic+six-point+movement+and+its+impact+on+the+struggle+for+independence&rft.date=2008-06-07&rft.aulast=Manik&rft.aufirst=M.+Waheeduzzaman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fnews-detail-40021&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEnayetur_Rahim_and_Joyce_L._Rahim2013" class="citation book cs1">Enayetur Rahim and Joyce L. Rahim, ed. (2013). Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and Struggle for Independence: UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office, De-classified Documents, 1962–1971. Hakkani Publishers. p. 28. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-7021400675" title="Special:BookSources/978-7021400675"><bdi>978-7021400675</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bangabandhu+Sheikh+Mujibur+Rahman+and+Struggle+for+Independence%3A+UK+Foreign+and+Commonwealth+Office%2C+De-classified+Documents%2C+1962%E2%80%931971&rft.pages=28&rft.pub=Hakkani+Publishers&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-7021400675&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKarim2005136–138-105"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKarim2005136–138_105-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKarim2005">Karim 2005</a>, pp. 136–138. </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSakhawatullah2002" class="citation book cs1">Sakhawatullah, Kazi M. (2002). Redemption of the baffled hero: Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. Gonoprokashani. pp. 82–97.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Redemption+of+the+baffled+hero%3A+Sheikh+Mujibur+Rahman&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E82-%3C%2Fspan%3E97&rft.pub=Gonoprokashani&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Sakhawatullah&rft.aufirst=Kazi+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated20-107">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated20_107-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated20_107-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uplbooks.com/news/%E2%80%9C-unfinished-memoirs%E2%80%9D-bangabandhu-sheikh-mujibur-rahman-released-bangladesh-india-and-pakistan">"'The Unfinished Memoirs' by Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman released in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan"</a>. uplbooks.com. The University Press Limited. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190828064611/http://www.uplbooks.com/news/%25E2%2580%259C-unfinished-memoirs%25E2%2580%259D-bangabandhu-sheikh-mujibur-rahman-released-bangladesh-india-and-pakistan">Archived</a> from the original on 28 August 2019. Retrieved 17 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=uplbooks.com&rft.atitle=%27The+Unfinished+Memoirs%27+by+Bangabandhu+Sheikh+Mujibur+Rahman+released+in+Bangladesh%2C+India+and+Pakistan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uplbooks.com%2Fnews%2F%25E2%2580%259C-unfinished-memoirs%25E2%2580%259D-bangabandhu-sheikh-mujibur-rahman-released-bangladesh-india-and-pakistan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Agartala_Conspiracy_Case_forty_years_on-108">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Agartala_Conspiracy_Case_forty_years_on_108-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Agartala_Conspiracy_Case_forty_years_on_108-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhsan2008" class="citation news cs1">Ahsan, Syed Badrul (18 June 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-41580">"Agartala Conspiracy Case forty years on"</a>. The Daily Star. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803130552/http://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-41580">Archived</a> from the original on 3 August 2017. Retrieved 3 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Agartala+Conspiracy+Case+forty+years+on&rft.date=2008-06-18&rft.aulast=Ahsan&rft.aufirst=Syed+Badrul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fnews-detail-41580&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2021/03/22/when-sheikh-mujibur-rahman-became-bangabandhu">"When Sheikh Mujibur Rahman became Bangabandhu"</a>. Dhaka Tribune. 22 March 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221107200434/https://archive.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2021/03/22/when-sheikh-mujibur-rahman-became-bangabandhu">Archived</a> from the original on 7 November 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dhaka+Tribune&rft.atitle=When+Sheikh+Mujibur+Rahman+became+Bangabandhu&rft.date=2021-03-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.dhakatribune.com%2Fbangladesh%2F2021%2F03%2F22%2Fwhen-sheikh-mujibur-rahman-became-bangabandhu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated8-110">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated8_110-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated8_110-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated8_110-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U38kZqY6xS8">"Sheikh Mujibur Rahman | East Pakistan | Bangladesh | Pakistan | 1969"</a>. September 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221107200432/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U38kZqY6xS8">Archived</a> from the original on 7 November 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2022 – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sheikh+Mujibur+Rahman+%7C+East+Pakistan+%7C+Bangladesh+%7C+Pakistan+%7C+1969&rft.date=2021-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DU38kZqY6xS8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated9-111">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated9_111-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated9_111-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dhakatribune.com/op-ed/2022/03/17/a-lapsed-teenager-remembers">"A lapsed teenager remembers"</a>. Dhaka Tribune. 17 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dhaka+Tribune&rft.atitle=A+lapsed+teenager+remembers&rft.date=2022-03-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dhakatribune.com%2Fop-ed%2F2022%2F03%2F17%2Fa-lapsed-teenager-remembers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-GPSA-112"><a href="#cite_ref-GPSA_112-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaxterMalikKennedyOberst1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Craig_Baxter" title="Craig Baxter">Baxter, Craig</a>; Malik, Yogendra K.; Kennedy, Charles; Oberst, Robert C. (1998). Government and Politics in South Asia (5th ed.). Boulder, CO: Westview Press. p. 251. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0813339016" title="Special:BookSources/978-0813339016"><bdi>978-0813339016</bdi></a>. <q>Bangladesh's independence from Pakistan in 1971 was seen by many as the logical division of two disparate wings of a country united only by Islam, a mutual concern about India ... but divided by language and social customs ... the cultural differences between East and West Pakistan were so great that the division might be described as a second 'Two-Nation Theory,' based this time on culture rather than religion as in 1947.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Government+and+Politics+in+South+Asia&rft.place=Boulder%2C+CO&rft.pages=251&rft.edition=5th&rft.pub=Westview+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0813339016&rft.aulast=Baxter&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft.au=Malik%2C+Yogendra+K.&rft.au=Kennedy%2C+Charles&rft.au=Oberst%2C+Robert+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated11-113">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated11_113-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated11_113-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlood1989" class="citation book cs1">Blood, Peter R. (1989). "Emerging Discontent, 1966–70". In Heitzman, James; Worden, Robert L. (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/bangladesh/16.htm">Bangladesh: A Country Study</a>. Washington, D.C.: Federal Research Division, Library of Congress. p. 28. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/49223313">49223313</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110623150140/http://countrystudies.us/bangladesh/16.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 23 June 2011. Retrieved 31 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Emerging+Discontent%2C+1966%E2%80%9370&rft.btitle=Bangladesh%3A+A+Country+Study&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pages=28&rft.pub=Federal+Research+Division%2C+Library+of+Congress&rft.date=1989&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F49223313&rft.aulast=Blood&rft.aufirst=Peter+R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcountrystudies.us%2Fbangladesh%2F16.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-country-studies1966-114">^ <a href="#cite_ref-country-studies1966_114-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-country-studies1966_114-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeitzmanWorden1989" class="citation book cs1">Heitzman, James; Worden, Robert, eds. (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/bangladesh/16.htm">"Emerging discontent 1966–1970"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/bangladesh/">Bangladesh: A Country Study</a>. Washington, D.C.: Federal Research Division, Library of Congress. pp. 28–29. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110622211513/http://countrystudies.us/bangladesh/21.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 22 June 2011. Retrieved 31 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Emerging+discontent+1966%E2%80%931970&rft.btitle=Bangladesh%3A+A+Country+Study&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E28-%3C%2Fspan%3E29&rft.pub=Federal+Research+Division%2C+Library+of+Congress&rft.date=1989&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcountrystudies.us%2Fbangladesh%2F16.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Yahya Directing Disaster Relief". The New York Times. United Press International. 24 November 1970. p. 9.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Yahya+Directing+Disaster+Relief&rft.pages=9&rft.date=1970-11-24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDurdin1971" class="citation news cs1">Durdin, Tillman (11 March 1971). "Pakistanis Crisis Virtually Halts Rehabilitation Work in Cyclone Region". The New York Times. p. 2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Pakistanis+Crisis+Virtually+Halts+Rehabilitation+Work+in+Cyclone+Region&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1971-03-11&rft.aulast=Durdin&rft.aufirst=Tillman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaushikPatnayak1995295-117"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaushikPatnayak1995295_117-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKaushikPatnayak1995">Kaushik & Patnayak 1995</a>, p. 295. </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeghna_Guhathakurta_and_Willem_van_Schendel2003" class="citation book cs1">Meghna Guhathakurta and Willem van Schendel (2003). The Bangladesh Reader: History, Culture, Politics. Duke University Press. p. 264. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0822353188" title="Special:BookSources/978-0822353188"><bdi>978-0822353188</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bangladesh+Reader%3A+History%2C+Culture%2C+Politics&rft.pages=264&rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0822353188&rft.au=Meghna+Guhathakurta+and+Willem+van+Schendel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1971/02/22/archives/pakistani-cabinet-dissolved-by-yahya.html">"Pakistani Cabinet Dissolved by Yahya"</a>. The New York Times. 22 February 1971. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170522062348/http://www.nytimes.com/1971/02/22/archives/pakistani-cabinet-dissolved-by-yahya.html?">Archived</a> from the original on 22 May 2017. Retrieved 29 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Pakistani+Cabinet+Dissolved+by+Yahya&rft.date=1971-02-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1971%2F02%2F22%2Farchives%2Fpakistani-cabinet-dissolved-by-yahya.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHossain2013" class="citation book cs1">Hossain, Kamal (2013). Bangladesh: Quest for Freedom and Justice. Oxford University Press. p. 130. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0199068531" title="Special:BookSources/978-0199068531"><bdi>978-0199068531</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bangladesh%3A+Quest+for+Freedom+and+Justice&rft.pages=130&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0199068531&rft.aulast=Hossain&rft.aufirst=Kamal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJalal2014" class="citation book cs1">Jalal, Ayesha (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xzGOBAAAQBAJ&dq=%22bhutto+threatens+to+break+legs%22&pg=PA167">The Struggle for Pakistan: A Muslim Homeland and Global Politics</a>. Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780674052895" title="Special:BookSources/9780674052895"><bdi>9780674052895</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241010065215/https://books.google.com/books?id=xzGOBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA167&dq=%22bhutto+threatens+to+break+legs%22#v=onepage&q=%22bhutto%20threatens%20to%20break%20legs%22&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2023 – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Struggle+for+Pakistan%3A+A+Muslim+Homeland+and+Global+Politics&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9780674052895&rft.aulast=Jalal&rft.aufirst=Ayesha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxzGOBAAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522bhutto%2Bthreatens%2Bto%2Bbreak%2Blegs%2522%26pg%3DPA167&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSobhan2015" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rehman_Sobhan" title="Rehman Sobhan">Sobhan, Rehman</a> (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8qeMCwAAQBAJ&dq=%22bhutto+threatens+to+break+legs+1971%22&pg=PT300">Untranquil Recollections: The Years of Fulfilment</a>. Sage Publications India. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789351503200" title="Special:BookSources/9789351503200"><bdi>9789351503200</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241010065216/https://books.google.com/books?id=8qeMCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT300&dq=%22bhutto+threatens+to+break+legs+1971%22">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2023 – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Untranquil+Recollections%3A+The+Years+of+Fulfilment&rft.pub=Sage+Publications+India&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9789351503200&rft.aulast=Sobhan&rft.aufirst=Rehman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8qeMCwAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522bhutto%2Bthreatens%2Bto%2Bbreak%2Blegs%2B1971%2522%26pg%3DPT300&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dawn.com/news/1359141">"Special report: The Breakup of Pakistan 1969–1971"</a>. Dawn. 23 September 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171216060125/https://www.dawn.com/news/1359141">Archived</a> from the original on 16 December 2017. Retrieved 7 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dawn&rft.atitle=Special+report%3A+The+Breakup+of+Pakistan+1969%E2%80%931971&rft.date=2017-09-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1359141&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tribune.com.pk/article/75627/udhar-tum-idhar-hum-when-bhutto-divided-pakistan-into-east-and-west">""Udhar tum, idhar hum": When Bhutto pushed Bangladesh to the edge of Pakistan"</a>. The Express Tribune. 17 December 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221107234706/https://tribune.com.pk/article/75627/udhar-tum-idhar-hum-when-bhutto-divided-pakistan-into-east-and-west">Archived</a> from the original on 7 November 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Express+Tribune&rft.atitle=%22Udhar+tum%2C+idhar+hum%22%3A+When+Bhutto+pushed+Bangladesh+to+the+edge+of+Pakistan&rft.date=2018-12-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftribune.com.pk%2Farticle%2F75627%2Fudhar-tum-idhar-hum-when-bhutto-divided-pakistan-into-east-and-west&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIslam2013" class="citation news cs1">Islam, Zyma (3 October 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedailystar.net/news/he-rallied-for-mujib-against-yahya">"He rallied for Mujib, against Yahya"</a>. The Daily Star. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221107204316/https://www.thedailystar.net/news/he-rallied-for-mujib-against-yahya">Archived</a> from the original on 7 November 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=He+rallied+for+Mujib%2C+against+Yahya&rft.date=2013-10-03&rft.aulast=Islam&rft.aufirst=Zyma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fnews%2Fhe-rallied-for-mujib-against-yahya&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhmed2004" class="citation book cs1">Ahmed, Salahuddin (2004). Bangladesh: Past and Present. APH Publishing. p. 63. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8176484695" title="Special:BookSources/978-8176484695"><bdi>978-8176484695</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bangladesh%3A+Past+and+Present&rft.pages=63&rft.pub=APH+Publishing&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-8176484695&rft.aulast=Ahmed&rft.aufirst=Salahuddin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://songramernotebook.com/archives/163311">"Site is undergoing maintenance" <bdi lang="bn">শেখ মুজিব "শের ই পাকিস্তান"</bdi></a>. Songramer Notebook. 3 January 1971. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240801105549/https://songramernotebook.com/archives/163311">Archived</a> from the original on 1 August 2024. Retrieved 1 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Songramer+Notebook&rft.atitle=Site+is+undergoing+maintenance+%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%96+%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC+%22%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A6%87+%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%22&rft.date=1971-01-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsongramernotebook.com%2Farchives%2F163311&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated12-128">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated12_128-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated12_128-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated12_128-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated12_128-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated12_128-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHossain2013" class="citation book cs1">Hossain, Kamal (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yW1angEACAAJ">Bangladesh: Quest for Freedom and Justice</a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-906853-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-906853-1"><bdi>978-0-19-906853-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241010065217/https://books.google.com/books?id=yW1angEACAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2023 – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bangladesh%3A+Quest+for+Freedom+and+Justice&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-19-906853-1&rft.aulast=Hossain&rft.aufirst=Kamal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyW1angEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hassan-129"><a href="#cite_ref-Hassan_129-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHassan2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mubashir_Hassan" title="Mubashir Hassan">Hassan, Mubashir</a> (2000). The Mirage of Power: An Inquiry Into the Bhutto Years. 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The Daily Star (Op-ed). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803211656/http://www.thedailystar.net/op-ed/who-was-liar-yahya-or-bhutto-200383">Archived</a> from the original on 3 August 2017. Retrieved 3 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Who+was+a+liar+%E2%80%93+Yahya+or+Bhutto%3F&rft.date=2016-07-12&rft.aulast=Liton&rft.aufirst=Shakhawat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fop-ed%2Fwho-was-liar-yahya-or-bhutto-200383&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">The Mirage of Power: An Inquiry Into the Bhutto Years. Oxford University Press. 2000. p. 107. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0195793000" title="Special:BookSources/978-0195793000"><bdi>978-0195793000</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mirage+of+Power%3A+An+Inquiry+Into+the+Bhutto+Years&rft.pages=107&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0195793000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-First_TBS-132"><a href="#cite_ref-First_TBS_132-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tbsnews.net/bangla/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%A4-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%AE">"বঙ্গবন্ধুর যত প্রথম"</a>. দ্য বিজনেস স্ট্যান্ডার্ড. 17 March 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210411022947/https://www.tbsnews.net/bangla/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%A4-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%AE">Archived</a> from the original on 11 April 2021. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.bdnews24.com/bn/detail/mujib100/1825119">the original</a> on 12 January 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87+%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A7%AA%E0%A7%AC%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%A8+%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8&rft.date=2020-10-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fm.bdnews24.com%2Fbn%2Fdetail%2Fmujib100%2F1825119&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaushikPatnayak1995296-134">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaushikPatnayak1995296_134-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaushikPatnayak1995296_134-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFKaushikPatnayak1995">Kaushik & Patnayak 1995</a>, p. 296. </li> <li id="cite_note-thedailystar.net-135">^ <a href="#cite_ref-thedailystar.net_135-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-thedailystar.net_135-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-thedailystar.net_135-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-thedailystar.net_135-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangabandhus-march-7-speech-bangladeshs-inspiration-to-rise-pm">"Bangabandhu's March 7 speech Bangladesh's inspiration to rise: PM"</a>. 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Retrieved 25 May 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Bangabandhu%27s+March+7+speech+Bangladesh%27s+inspiration+to+rise%3A+PM&rft.date=2013-03-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fnews%2Fbangabandhus-march-7-speech-bangladeshs-inspiration-to-rise-pm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated18-136">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated18_136-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated18_136-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHossain2013" class="citation web cs1">Hossain, Amir (7 March 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bangabandhu.com.bd/2013/03/07/historic-7th-march-speech-of-bangabandhu/">"Historic 7th March speech of Bangabandhu"</a>. 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Economic and Political Weekly. 46 (35): 79–85. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0012-9976">0012-9976</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/23017911">23017911</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220820193156/https://www.jstor.org/stable/23017911">Archived</a> from the original on 20 August 2022. 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Retrieved 25 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dhaka+Tribune&rft.atitle=Pakistani+jailer+remembers+incarcerated+Bangabandhu&rft.date=2018-08-15&rft.aulast=Badrul+Ahsan&rft.aufirst=Syed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dhakatribune.com%2Fopinion%2Fop-ed%2F2018%2F08%2F15%2Fpakistani-jailer-remembers-incarcerated-bangabandhu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bangabandhu_in_Mianwali_Jail-145"><a href="#cite_ref-Bangabandhu_in_Mianwali_Jail_145-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSamad2021" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saleem_Samad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saleem Samad (page does not exist)">Samad, Saleem</a> (17 March 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/bangabandhu-mianwali-jail-217729">"Bangabandhu in Mianwali Jail"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Business_Standard" title="The Business Standard">The Business Standard</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211225192035/https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/bangabandhu-mianwali-jail-217729">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2021. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://search.time.com/results.html?Ntt=Bangladesh&Nf=p_date_range%7cBTWN+19710101+19711231">the original</a> on 17 October 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Search+results+of+From+Jan+01%2C+1971+to+Dec+31%2C+1971&rft.date=1971-12-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsearch.time.com%2Fresults.html%3FNtt%3DBangladesh%26Nf%3Dp_date_range%257cBTWN%2B19710101%2B19711231&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150109162831/http://archives.dailytimes.com.pk/editorial/20-Dec-2005/second-opinion-an-honest-look-at-the-dhaka-debacle-khaled-ahmed-s-tv-review">"Second Opinion: An honest look at the Dhaka debacle Khaled Ahmed's TV Review"</a>. Daily Times. Lahore. 20 December 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.dailytimes.com.pk/editorial/20-Dec-2005/second-opinion-an-honest-look-at-the-dhaka-debacle-khaled-ahmed-s-tv-review">the original</a> on 9 January 2015. Retrieved 27 January 2006. <q>Brig Siddiqi, commenting on his latest book on the fall of East Pakistan, said that the morale of the Pakistani troops was extremely low in 1970–71, but General Rahimuddin had tried East Pakistan's charismatic leader Mujibur Rehman in Faisalabad. (General Yahya did not confirm it.)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Times&rft.atitle=Second+Opinion%3A+An+honest+look+at+the+Dhaka+debacle+Khaled+Ahmed%27s+TV+Review&rft.date=2005-12-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.dailytimes.com.pk%2Feditorial%2F20-Dec-2005%2Fsecond-opinion-an-honest-look-at-the-dhaka-debacle-khaled-ahmed-s-tv-review&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1971/08/17/archives/kennedy-in-india-terms-pakistani-drive-genocide.html">"Kennedy, in India, Terms Pakistani Drive Genocide"</a>. The New York Times. 17 August 1971. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221110122719/https://www.nytimes.com/1971/08/17/archives/kennedy-in-india-terms-pakistani-drive-genocide.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 November 2022. Retrieved 10 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Kennedy%2C+in+India%2C+Terms+Pakistani+Drive+Genocide&rft.date=1971-08-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1971%2F08%2F17%2Farchives%2Fkennedy-in-india-terms-pakistani-drive-genocide.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SelectiveGenocide-149"><a href="#cite_ref-SelectiveGenocide_149-0">^</a> Blood, Archer, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB79/BEBB1.pdf">Transcript of Selective Genocide Telex</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090612052659/http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB79/">Archived</a> 12 June 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Department of State, United States </li> <li id="cite_note-usstatedept_south_asia_crisis-150"><a href="#cite_ref-usstatedept_south_asia_crisis_150-0">^</a> US State Department, Foreign Relations of the United States, 1969–1976, Vol. XI, South Asia Crisis, 1971, p. 165 </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFaiquzzaman2012" class="citation book cs1">Faiquzzaman, Mohammad (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Mujibnagar_Government">"Mujibnagar Government"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Sirajul_Islam" title="Sirajul Islam">Sirajul Islam</a>; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (2nd ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161208122432/http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Mujibnagar_Government">Archived</a> from the original on 8 December 2016. Retrieved 29 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Mujibnagar+Government&rft.btitle=Banglapedia%3A+National+Encyclopedia+of+Bangladesh&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Asiatic+Society+of+Bangladesh&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Faiquzzaman&rft.aufirst=Mohammad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.banglapedia.org%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DMujibnagar_Government&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mea.gov.in/bilateral-documents.htm?dtl/5312/Instrument+of+Surrender+of+Pakistan+forces+in+Dacca">"Instrument of Surrender of Pakistan forces in Dacca, December 16, 1971"</a>. Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210224211634/http://www.mea.gov.in/bilateral-documents.htm?dtl/5312/Instrument+of+Surrender+of+Pakistan+forces+in+Dacca">Archived</a> from the original on 24 February 2021. Retrieved 8 January 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ministry+of+External+Affairs%2C+Government+of+India&rft.atitle=Instrument+of+Surrender+of+Pakistan+forces+in+Dacca%2C+December+16%2C+1971&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mea.gov.in%2Fbilateral-documents.htm%3Fdtl%2F5312%2FInstrument%2Bof%2BSurrender%2Bof%2BPakistan%2Bforces%2Bin%2BDacca&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGandhi1999" class="citation book cs1">Gandhi, Rajmohan (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OVqP54UEe4QC">Revenge and Reconciliation</a>. Penguin Books India. p. 331. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-029045-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-029045-5"><bdi>978-0-14-029045-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241010065327/https://books.google.com/books?id=OVqP54UEe4QC">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Revenge+and+Reconciliation&rft.pages=331&rft.pub=Penguin+Books+India&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-14-029045-5&rft.aulast=Gandhi&rft.aufirst=Rajmohan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOVqP54UEe4QC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMalcolm_Browne1971" class="citation news cs1">Malcolm Browne (28 December 1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mobile.nytimes.com/1971/12/28/archives/bhutto-meets-with-mujib-says-hell-continue-talks-bhutto-meets-with.html">"Bhutto Meets With Mujib; Says He'll Continue Talrs"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171205194743/https://mobile.nytimes.com/1971/12/28/archives/bhutto-meets-with-mujib-says-hell-continue-talks-bhutto-meets-with.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 December 2017. Retrieved 5 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Bhutto+Meets+With+Mujib%3B+Says+He%27ll+Continue+Talrs&rft.date=1971-12-28&rft.au=Malcolm+Browne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmobile.nytimes.com%2F1971%2F12%2F28%2Farchives%2Fbhutto-meets-with-mujib-says-hell-continue-talks-bhutto-meets-with.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated15-155">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated15_155-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated15_155-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alalodulal.org/2015/11/27/kamal-hossain-2/">"History Wars: Kamal Hossain Interview (Part 2)"</a>. 28 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+Wars%3A+Kamal+Hossain+Interview+%28Part+2%29&rft.date=2015-11-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Falalodulal.org%2F2015%2F11%2F27%2Fkamal-hossain-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170820150110/http://www.thedailystar.net/in-their-words-bhutto-and-mujib-december-1971-50468">"In their words: Bhutto and Mujib, December, 1971"</a>. The Daily Star. 15 November 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedailystar.net/in-their-words-bhutto-and-mujib-december-1971-50468">the original</a> on 20 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=In+their+words%3A+Bhutto+and+Mujib%2C+December%2C+1971&rft.date=2014-11-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fin-their-words-bhutto-and-mujib-december-1971-50468&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHossain2020" class="citation news cs1">Hossain, Dr Kamal (10 January 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedailystar.net/supplements/bangabandhus-homecoming-day/news/journey-darkness-light-1852066">"A journey from darkness to light"</a>. The Daily Star. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221110234502/https://www.thedailystar.net/supplements/bangabandhus-homecoming-day/news/journey-darkness-light-1852066">Archived</a> from the original on 10 November 2022. Retrieved 10 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=A+journey+from+darkness+to+light&rft.date=2020-01-10&rft.aulast=Hossain&rft.aufirst=Dr+Kamal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fsupplements%2Fbangabandhus-homecoming-day%2Fnews%2Fjourney-darkness-light-1852066&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thefinancialexpress.com.bd/national/british-policeman-to-bangabandhu-we-had-been-praying-for-you-1610259469">"British policeman to Bangabandhu: 'We had been praying for you.'"</a>. The Financial Express. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221110234454/https://www.thefinancialexpress.com.bd/national/british-policeman-to-bangabandhu-we-had-been-praying-for-you-1610259469">Archived</a> from the original on 10 November 2022. Retrieved 10 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Financial+Express&rft.atitle=British+policeman+to+Bangabandhu%3A+%27We+had+been+praying+for+you.%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefinancialexpress.com.bd%2Fnational%2Fbritish-policeman-to-bangabandhu-we-had-been-praying-for-you-1610259469&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2kcpVhptDuQ">"Press Conference of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman in London 8 January 1972"</a>. 31 January 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221110234455/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2kcpVhptDuQ">Archived</a> from the original on 10 November 2022. Retrieved 10 November 2022 – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Press+Conference+of+Sheikh+Mujibur+Rahman+in+London+8+January+1972&rft.date=2011-01-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D2kcpVhptDuQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Gi5VkMxLsA">"Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman at a press conference in London"</a>. 20 November 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221111003058/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Gi5VkMxLsA">Archived</a> from the original on 11 November 2022. Retrieved 11 November 2022 – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bangabandhu+Sheikh+Mujibur+Rahman+at+a+press+conference+in+London&rft.date=2013-11-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D2Gi5VkMxLsA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated19-161">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated19_161-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated19_161-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated19_161-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/13-historic-hours-in-air">"13 historic hours in air"</a>. Prothom Alo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221110234451/https://en.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/13-historic-hours-in-air">Archived</a> from the original on 10 November 2022. Retrieved 10 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Prothom+Alo&rft.atitle=13+historic+hours+in+air&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.prothomalo.com%2Fbangladesh%2F13-historic-hours-in-air&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/southasia/2021/02/15/mujibur-rahmans-first-secret-meeting-with-an-indian-officer-me/">"Mujibur Rahman's First Secret Meeting with an Indian Officer – Me"</a>. South Asia@Lse. 15 February 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221110234452/https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/southasia/2021/02/15/mujibur-rahmans-first-secret-meeting-with-an-indian-officer-me/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 November 2022. Retrieved 10 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+Asia%40Lse&rft.atitle=Mujibur+Rahman%27s+First+Secret+Meeting+with+an+Indian+Officer+%E2%80%93+Me&rft.date=2021-02-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.lse.ac.uk%2Fsouthasia%2F2021%2F02%2F15%2Fmujibur-rahmans-first-secret-meeting-with-an-indian-officer-me%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRahman2017" class="citation news cs1">Rahman, Aziz (13 January 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://daily-sun.com/printversion/details/198019/Historic-Homecomingof-Bangabandhu">"Historic Homecoming of Bangabandhu"</a>. Daily Sun. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241010065246/https://www.daily-sun.com/printversion/details/198019/Historic-Homecomingof-Bangabandhu">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2024. Retrieved 29 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Sun&rft.atitle=Historic+Homecoming+of+Bangabandhu&rft.date=2017-01-13&rft.aulast=Rahman&rft.aufirst=Aziz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdaily-sun.com%2Fprintversion%2Fdetails%2F198019%2FHistoric-Homecomingof-Bangabandhu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T9aeq1WfnIY">"Bangabandhu returns home...coverage by ABC news at 10-01-1972.mp4"</a>. 13 August 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221110234451/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T9aeq1WfnIY&gl=US&hl=en">Archived</a> from the original on 10 November 2022. Retrieved 10 November 2022 – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bangabandhu+returns+home...coverage+by+ABC+news+at+10-01-1972.mp4&rft.date=2011-08-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DT9aeq1WfnIY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated17-165">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated17_165-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated17_165-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated17_165-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PsTOIiJr7so">"Sheikh Mujib's Return to Bangladesh – January 10, 1972 Monday"</a>. 23 December 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160317043314/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PsTOIiJr7so">Archived</a> from the original on 17 March 2016. Retrieved 10 November 2022 – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sheikh+Mujib%27s+Return+to+Bangladesh+%E2%80%93+January+10%2C+1972+Monday&rft.date=2013-12-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DPsTOIiJr7so&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,905654,00.html">"Bangladesh: A Hero Returns Home"</a>. 24 January 1972. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170914133432/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,905654,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 September 2017. Retrieved 8 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Bangladesh%3A+A+Hero+Returns+Home&rft.date=1972-01-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C905654%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bangabandhu-167"><a href="#cite_ref-Bangabandhu_167-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaque2014" class="citation news cs1">Haque, Junaidul (10 January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thedailystar.net/the-return-of-bangabandhu-6167">"The return of Bangabandhu"</a>. The Daily Star. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170815234109/http://www.thedailystar.net/the-return-of-bangabandhu-6167">Archived</a> from the original on 15 August 2017. Retrieved 15 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=The+return+of+Bangabandhu&rft.date=2014-01-10&rft.aulast=Haque&rft.aufirst=Junaidul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fthe-return-of-bangabandhu-6167&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GYMThcUJ5cs">"10 January 1972: Home Coming of Bangabandhu, NBC News Report"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221110140201/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GYMThcUJ5cs">Archived</a> from the original on 10 November 2022. Retrieved 10 November 2022 – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=10+January+1972%3A+Home+Coming+of+Bangabandhu%2C+NBC+News+Report&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DGYMThcUJ5cs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0tQk4r0FtmY">"Sheik Mujibur Rahman declares region Independent Republic, ABC, March 26, 1971 – MMR Jalal"</a>. 25 March 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130328070211/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0tQk4r0FtmY&gl=US&hl=en">Archived</a> from the original on 28 March 2013. Retrieved 10 November 2022 – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sheik+Mujibur+Rahman+declares+region+Independent+Republic%2C+ABC%2C+March+26%2C+1971+%E2%80%93+MMR+Jalal&rft.date=2012-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D0tQk4r0FtmY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201101005210/http://londoni.co/index.php/64-history-of-bangladesh/biography/sheikh-mujibur-rahman-bangabandhu/324-sheikh-mujibur-rahman-bangabandhu-return-of-bangabandhu-re-building-bangladesh-biography-of-muslim-and-bengali">"Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (Bangabandhu) – return of Bangabandhu, re-building Bangladesh – biography of Muslim and Bengali"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.londoni.co/index.php/64-history-of-bangladesh/biography/sheikh-mujibur-rahman-bangabandhu/324-sheikh-mujibur-rahman-bangabandhu-return-of-bangabandhu-re-building-bangladesh-biography-of-muslim-and-bengali">the original</a> on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 16 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sheikh+Mujibur+Rahman+%28Bangabandhu%29+%E2%80%93+return+of+Bangabandhu%2C+re-building+Bangladesh+%E2%80%93+biography+of+Muslim+and+Bengali&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.londoni.co%2Findex.php%2F64-history-of-bangladesh%2Fbiography%2Fsheikh-mujibur-rahman-bangabandhu%2F324-sheikh-mujibur-rahman-bangabandhu-return-of-bangabandhu-re-building-bangladesh-biography-of-muslim-and-bengali&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,877626,00.html">"Banhladesh: Mujib's Road from Prison to Power"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a>. 17 January 1972. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170820201244/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,877626,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 August 2017. 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Retrieved 16 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Tito+calls+for+political+solution+to+Bangladesh+problem&rft.date=2021-10-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fnews%2Fbangladesh%2Fnews%2Ftito-calls-political-solution-bangladesh-problem-2202366&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bangladesh_p._171-197-212">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bangladesh_p._171-197_212-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bangladesh_p._171-197_212-1">b</a> <a href="/wiki/Kamal_Hossain" title="Kamal Hossain">Kamal Hossain</a>, Bangladesh: Quest for Freedom and Justice, pp. 171–197 </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><a href="#cite_ref-213">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bssnews.net/news-flash/81571">"PM mourns demise of Queen Elizabeth II"</a>. 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Retrieved 9 July 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=JS+sees+debate+over+role+of+Gono+Bahini&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fjs-sees-debate-over-role-of-gono-bahini-31691&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-252"><a href="#cite_ref-252">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thedailystar.net/politics/rizvi-now-blasts-inu-press-briefing-1240042">"Rizvi now blasts Inu at press briefing"</a>. The Daily Star. UNB. 15 June 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200517145945/https://www.thedailystar.net/politics/rizvi-now-blasts-inu-press-briefing-1240042">Archived</a> from the original on 17 May 2020. Retrieved 12 July 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Rizvi+now+blasts+Inu+at+press+briefing&rft.date=2016-06-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fpolitics%2Frizvi-now-blasts-inu-press-briefing-1240042&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-books.google_a-253"><a href="#cite_ref-books.google_a_253-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBangladeshHossainKamrul_Islam1974" class="citation book cs1">Bangladesh; Hossain, Hamza; Kamrul Islam, A. T. 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Sydney: Australian National University Press. pp. 108–110. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160811030523/http://press-files.anu.edu.au/downloads/press/p33231/pdf/ch0731.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 11 August 2016. Retrieved 22 January 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+military+and+democracy+in+Bangladesh&rft.place=Sydney&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E108-%3C%2Fspan%3E110&rft.pub=Australian+National+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Ahamed&rft.aufirst=Emajuddin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpress-files.anu.edu.au%2Fdownloads%2Fpress%2Fp33231%2Fpdf%2Fch0731.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-255"><a href="#cite_ref-255">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/bangladesh0509webwcover.pdf">"Ignoring Executions and Torture : Impunity for Bangladesh's Security Forces"</a> (PDF). 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Retrieved 16 August 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ignoring+Executions+and+Torture+%3A+Impunity+for+Bangladesh%27s+Security+Forces&rft.pub=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.date=2009-03-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Freports%2Fbangladesh0509webwcover.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-amrdesh-256"><a href="#cite_ref-amrdesh_256-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110117040756/http://www.amardeshonline.com/pages/details/2011/01/15/63217"><bdi lang="bn">রক্ষীবাহিনীর নৃশংসতা মধ্যযুগীয় বর্বরতাকেও হার মানিয়েছিল</bdi></a>. Amar Desh (in Bengali). 16 January 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amardeshonline.com/pages/details/2011/01/15/63217">the original</a> on 17 January 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Amar+Desh&rft.atitle=%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE+%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC+%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%93+%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2&rft.date=2011-01-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amardeshonline.com%2Fpages%2Fdetails%2F2011%2F01%2F15%2F63217&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-257">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_257-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_257-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFairRiaz2010" class="citation book cs1">Fair, Christine C.; Riaz, Ali (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SpFaBwAAQBAJ&q=Rape+by+Rakkhi+Bahini&pg=PA30">Political Islam and Governance in Bangladesh</a>. Routledge. pp. 30–31. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1136926242" title="Special:BookSources/978-1136926242"><bdi>978-1136926242</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241010065826/https://books.google.com/books?id=SpFaBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA30&q=Rape+by+Rakkhi+Bahini#v=snippet&q=Rape%20by%20Rakkhi%20Bahini&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2024. Retrieved 19 June 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Political+Islam+and+Governance+in+Bangladesh&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E30-%3C%2Fspan%3E31&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1136926242&rft.aulast=Fair&rft.aufirst=Christine+C.&rft.au=Riaz%2C+Ali&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSpFaBwAAQBAJ%26q%3DRape%2Bby%2BRakkhi%2BBahini%26pg%3DPA30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-hp18Feb2013-258"><a href="#cite_ref-hp18Feb2013_258-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChowdhury2013" class="citation news cs1">Chowdhury, Atif (18 February 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/atif-choudhury/bangladesh-no-justice-wit_b_4455782.html">"Bangladesh: Baptism By Fire"</a>. HuffPost. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160822113717/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/atif-choudhury/bangladesh-no-justice-wit_b_4455782.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 August 2016. Retrieved 12 July 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HuffPost&rft.atitle=Bangladesh%3A+Baptism+By+Fire&rft.date=2013-02-18&rft.aulast=Chowdhury&rft.aufirst=Atif&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fatif-choudhury%2Fbangladesh-no-justice-wit_b_4455782.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-JSTOR-259"><a href="#cite_ref-JSTOR_259-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManiruzzaman1976" class="citation journal cs1">Maniruzzaman, Talukder (February 1976). "Bangladesh in 1975: The Fall of the Mujib Regime and Its Aftermath". Asian Survey. 16 (2): 119–129. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2643140">10.2307/2643140</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2643140">2643140</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asian+Survey&rft.atitle=Bangladesh+in+1975%3A+The+Fall+of+the+Mujib+Regime+and+Its+Aftermath&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E119-%3C%2Fspan%3E129&rft.date=1976-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2643140&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2643140%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Maniruzzaman&rft.aufirst=Talukder&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-US-260"><a href="#cite_ref-US_260-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCountry_Studies2006" class="citation web cs1">Country Studies, Bangladesh (12 September 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/bangladesh/19.htm">"Mujib's fall"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110805012545/http://countrystudies.us/bangladesh/19.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 5 August 2011. Retrieved 12 September 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mujib%27s+fall&rft.date=2006-09-12&rft.aulast=Country+Studies&rft.aufirst=Bangladesh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcountrystudies.us%2Fbangladesh%2F19.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-261"><a href="#cite_ref-261">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPike2011" class="citation book cs1">Pike, Francis (2011). Empires at War: A Short History of Modern Asia Since World War II. I.B. 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The Daily Star. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241010065725/https://www.thedailystar.net/supplements/50-years-our-constitution-original-ideals-vs-reality/news/constitutional-supremacy-the-dangers-within-3160241">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Constitutional+supremacy%3A+The+dangers+within&rft.date=2022-11-04&rft.aulast=Ahmad&rft.aufirst=Ahrar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fsupplements%2F50-years-our-constitution-original-ideals-vs-reality%2Fnews%2Fconstitutional-supremacy-the-dangers-within-3160241&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-263"><a href="#cite_ref-263">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1975/08/23/archives/bangladesh-coup-a-day-of-killings-account-depicts-how-young.html">"Bangladesh Coup: A Day of Killings"</a>. The New York Times. 23 August 1975. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231118222143/https://www.nytimes.com/1975/08/23/archives/bangladesh-coup-a-day-of-killings-account-depicts-how-young.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 November 2023. Retrieved 31 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Bangladesh+Coup%3A+A+Day+of+Killings&rft.date=1975-08-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1975%2F08%2F23%2Farchives%2Fbangladesh-coup-a-day-of-killings-account-depicts-how-young.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-264"><a href="#cite_ref-264">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedailystar.net/news/frontpage/bloodbath-road-32-1621003">"15 August 1975: Bloodbath on road 32"</a>. Daily Star. 15 August 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221105171100/https://www.thedailystar.net/news/frontpage/bloodbath-road-32-1621003">Archived</a> from the original on 5 November 2022. Retrieved 5 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Star&rft.atitle=15+August+1975%3A+Bloodbath+on+road+32&rft.date=2018-08-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fnews%2Ffrontpage%2Fbloodbath-road-32-1621003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-265"><a href="#cite_ref-265">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/bangabandhu-appeals/factbox-aug-15-victims">"Factbox: Aug 15 victims"</a>. bdnews24.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241010070227/https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/bangabandhu-appeals/factbox-aug-15-victims">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2024. 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The Business Standard. 13 August 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240806145022/https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/mournful-day-681882">Archived</a> from the original on 6 August 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Business+Standard&rft.atitle=The+Mournful+Day&rft.date=2023-08-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tbsnews.net%2Fbangladesh%2Fmournful-day-681882&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-268"><a href="#cite_ref-268">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/dalim-goes-air-1270015">"Dalim goes on air"</a>. The Daily Star. 15 August 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161109220658/http://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/dalim-goes-air-1270015">Archived</a> from the original on 9 November 2016. 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The Economic Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221105171100/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/sheikh-mujibur-rahman-had-ignored-raw-alert-ahead-of-bloody-1975-coup/articleshow/48483920.cms?from=mdr">Archived</a> from the original on 5 November 2022. 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The Business Standard. 17 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Business+Standard&rft.atitle=Sheikh+Mujibur+Rahman%2C+from+an+Indian+perspective&rft.date=2021-03-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tbsnews.net%2Fbangladesh%2Fsheikh-mujibur-rahman-indian-perspective-217738&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-271"><a href="#cite_ref-271">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2021/08/15/coup-plotters-were-looking-for-a-stalking-horse">"August 15: Coup plotters were looking for a stalking horse"</a>. Dhaka Tribune. 14 August 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221105171102/https://archive.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2021/08/15/coup-plotters-were-looking-for-a-stalking-horse">Archived</a> from the original on 5 November 2022. 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Ekushey TV. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231127205953/https://ekushey-tv.com/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%9F-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%93-%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%9F%E0%A6%BE/15540">Archived</a> from the original on 27 November 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ekushey+TV&rft.atitle=%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC+%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC+%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE+%E0%A6%93+%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fekushey-tv.com%2F%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A7%2581%25E0%25A6%259C%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25AC-%25E0%25A6%25B9%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A7%259F-%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25B6%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A7%2587%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A6%25BE-%25E0%25A6%2593-%25E0%25A6%2597%25E0%25A6%25A3%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A7%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A7%2587%25E0%25A6%25B0-%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A7%259F%25E0%25A6%25BE%2F15540&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Burial-274">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Burial_274-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Burial_274-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSA_Karim2005" class="citation book cs1">SA Karim (2005). "The End of the Mujib Regime". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/special-issues/special-on-national-mourning-day-2022/burial-in-his-native-village-1660496194">Sheikh Mujib: Triumph and Tragedy</a>. <a href="/wiki/Dhaka" title="Dhaka">Dhaka</a>: <a href="/wiki/The_University_Press_Limited" title="The University Press Limited">The University Press Limited</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220816190813/https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/special-issues/special-on-national-mourning-day-2022/burial-in-his-native-village-1660496194">Archived</a> from the original on 16 August 2022. Retrieved 16 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+End+of+the+Mujib+Regime&rft.btitle=Sheikh+Mujib%3A+Triumph+and+Tragedy&rft.place=Dhaka&rft.pub=The+University+Press+Limited&rft.date=2005&rft.au=SA+Karim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthefinancialexpress.com.bd%2Fspecial-issues%2Fspecial-on-national-mourning-day-2022%2Fburial-in-his-native-village-1660496194&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-jnews-275">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jnews_275-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-jnews_275-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-jnews_275-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jagonews24.com/opinion/article/521057"><bdi lang="bn">শোকাবহ আগস্ট ও বঙ্গবন্ধু হত্যার প্রতিবাদ</bdi></a>. Jago News 24 (Opinion) (in Bengali). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190819111332/https://www.jagonews24.com/opinion/article/521057">Archived</a> from the original on 19 August 2019. Retrieved 19 August 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jago+News+24&rft.atitle=%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B9+%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F+%E0%A6%93+%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81+%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jagonews24.com%2Fopinion%2Farticle%2F521057&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-276"><a href="#cite_ref-276">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kalerkantho.com/print-edition/pochattor-er-protibad/2017/08/15/531795"><bdi lang="bn">গায়েবানা জানাজার কারণে নির্যাতন চলে যশোরে</bdi></a>. Kaler Kantho (in Bengali). August 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240510063631/https://www.kalerkantho.com/print-edition/pochattor-er-protibad/2017/08/15/531795">Archived</a> from the original on 10 May 2024. Retrieved 15 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kaler+Kantho&rft.atitle=%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE+%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%87+%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8+%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87+%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87&rft.date=2017-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kalerkantho.com%2Fprint-edition%2Fpochattor-er-protibad%2F2017%2F08%2F15%2F531795&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-dw-277">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dw_277-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-dw_277-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/bn/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%AE-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2-%E0%A7%A8%E0%A7%A6%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0/a-17021398"><bdi lang="bn">মুজিব হত্যার প্রতিবাদ</bdi></a>. Deutsche Welle. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240512150627/https://www.dw.com/bn/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%AE-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2-%E0%A7%A8%E0%A7%A6%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0/a-17021398">Archived</a> from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 15 August 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC+%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fbn%2F%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A7%2581%25E0%25A6%259C%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25AC-%25E0%25A6%25B9%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25B0-%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%25A5%25E0%25A6%25AE-%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A6-%25E0%25A6%25B9%25E0%25A7%259F%25E0%25A7%2587%25E0%25A6%259B%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25B2-%25E0%25A7%25A8%25E0%25A7%25A6%25E0%25A6%25B6%25E0%25A7%2587-%25E0%25A6%2585%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%259F%25E0%25A7%258B%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25B0%2Fa-17021398&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-278"><a href="#cite_ref-278">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.channelionline.com/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80/">"Checking your browser" <bdi lang="bn">বঙ্গবন্ধু হত্যা পরবর্তী প্রতিরোধ যুদ্ধ</bdi></a>. Channel i (in Bengali). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240605051758/https://www.channelionline.com/%e0%a6%ac%e0%a6%99%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%97%e0%a6%ac%e0%a6%a8%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%a7%e0%a7%81-%e0%a6%b9%e0%a6%a4%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%af%e0%a6%be-%e0%a6%aa%e0%a6%b0%e0%a6%ac%e0%a6%b0%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%a4%e0%a7%80/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 June 2024. Retrieved 8 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Channel+i&rft.atitle=Checking+your+browser+%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81+%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE+%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80+%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A7+%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.channelionline.com%2F%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%2599%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%2597%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25A7%25E0%25A7%2581-%25E0%25A6%25B9%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%25BE-%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A7%2580%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-jugantor-279"><a href="#cite_ref-jugantor_279-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSheikh_Abdur_Rahim2022" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sheikh Abdur Rahim (15 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jugantor.com/todays-paper/features/out-of-home/530900/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%9C%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF-%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BF"><bdi lang="bn">টুঙ্গিপাড়া একটি অমর সমাধি</bdi></a> [Tungipara: An immortal tomb]. <a href="/wiki/Jugantor" title="Jugantor">Jugantor</a> (in Bengali). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220315060432/https://www.jugantor.com/todays-paper/features/out-of-home/530900/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%9C%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF-%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BF">Archived</a> from the original on 15 March 2022. Retrieved 16 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jugantor&rft.atitle=%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE+%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF+%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BF&rft.date=2022-03-15&rft.au=Sheikh+Abdur+Rahim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jugantor.com%2Ftodays-paper%2Ffeatures%2Fout-of-home%2F530900%2F%25E0%25A6%259F%25E0%25A7%2581%25E0%25A6%2599%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%2597%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A7%259C%25E0%25A6%25BE-%25E0%25A6%258F%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A6%259F%25E0%25A6%25BF-%25E0%25A6%2585%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A6%25B0-%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A7%25E0%25A6%25BF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-280"><a href="#cite_ref-280">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaq2023" class="citation news cs1">Haq, Naimul (15 August 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedailystar.net/supplements/national-mourning-day-2023/news/what-happened-bangabandhus-burial-site-3394191">"What happened at Bangabandhu's Burial Site"</a>. The Daily Star. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240805035436/https://www.thedailystar.net/supplements/national-mourning-day-2023/news/what-happened-bangabandhus-burial-site-3394191">Archived</a> from the original on 5 August 2024. Retrieved 4 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=What+happened+at+Bangabandhu%27s+Burial+Site&rft.date=2023-08-15&rft.aulast=Haq&rft.aufirst=Naimul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fsupplements%2Fnational-mourning-day-2023%2Fnews%2Fwhat-happened-bangabandhus-burial-site-3394191&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-281"><a href="#cite_ref-281">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAli2009" class="citation news cs1">Ali, Tawfique (5 February 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-74498">"100 heritage sites listed: Gazette notification soon to conserve those"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Star_(Bangladesh)" title="The Daily Star (Bangladesh)">The Daily Star</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220901005511/https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-74498">Archived</a> from the original on 1 September 2022. Retrieved 1 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=100+heritage+sites+listed%3A+Gazette+notification+soon+to+conserve+those&rft.date=2009-02-05&rft.aulast=Ali&rft.aufirst=Tawfique&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fnews-detail-74498&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-282"><a href="#cite_ref-282">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/mujibs-dhanmondi-32-house-burnt-demolished-1062146">"Mujib's Dhanmondi 32 house burnt, demolished"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Business_Standard" title="The Business Standard">The Business Standard</a>. 6 February 2025. 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The Daily Star. 3 November 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201012093346/https://www.thedailystar.net/jail-killing-an-attempt-to-cripple-bangladesh-48566">Archived</a> from the original on 12 October 2020. Retrieved 22 January 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Jail+killing%3A+An+attempt+to+cripple+Bangladesh&rft.date=2014-11-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fjail-killing-an-attempt-to-cripple-bangladesh-48566&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-284"><a href="#cite_ref-284">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/zia-was-one-bangabandhu-killing-masterminds-researchers-122071">"Zia was one of Bangabandhu killing masterminds: Researchers"</a>. The Business Standard. 20 August 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230816161509/https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/zia-was-one-bangabandhu-killing-masterminds-researchers-122071">Archived</a> from the original on 16 August 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Business+Standard&rft.atitle=Zia+was+one+of+Bangabandhu+killing+masterminds%3A+Researchers&rft.date=2020-08-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tbsnews.net%2Fbangladesh%2Fzia-was-one-bangabandhu-killing-masterminds-researchers-122071&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-google1-285"><a href="#cite_ref-google1_285-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMascarenhas1986" class="citation book cs1">Mascarenhas, Anthony (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VoZ0QgAACAAJ">Bangladesh: A Legacy of Blood</a>. Hodder and Stoughton. p. 88. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780340394205" title="Special:BookSources/9780340394205"><bdi>9780340394205</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241010070230/https://books.google.com.bd/books?id=VoZ0QgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bangladesh%3A+A+Legacy+of+Blood&rft.pages=88&rft.pub=Hodder+and+Stoughton&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=9780340394205&rft.aulast=Mascarenhas&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVoZ0QgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-286"><a href="#cite_ref-286">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sanipanhwar.com/Bangladesh%20A%20Legacy%20of%20Blood.pdf">"Bangladesh A Legacy of Blood"</a> (PDF). sanipanhwar.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230816161505/https://sanipanhwar.com/Bangladesh%20A%20Legacy%20of%20Blood.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 16 August 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sanipanhwar.com&rft.atitle=Bangladesh+A+Legacy+of+Blood&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsanipanhwar.com%2FBangladesh%2520A%2520Legacy%2520of%2520Blood.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-287"><a href="#cite_ref-287">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Mascarenhas" title="Anthony Mascarenhas">Anthony Mascarenhas</a>, Chapter V: A Summer of Tigers, <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh:_A_Legacy_of_Blood" title="Bangladesh: A Legacy of Blood">Bangladesh: A Legacy of Blood</a> p. 73 </li> <li id="cite_note-288"><a href="#cite_ref-288">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhmed2012" class="citation book cs1">Ahmed, Helal Uddin (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Hasina,_Sheikh">"Hasina, Sheikh"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Sirajul_Islam" title="Sirajul Islam">Islam, Sirajul</a>; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). <a href="/wiki/Asiatic_Society_of_Bangladesh" title="Asiatic Society of Bangladesh">Asiatic Society of Bangladesh</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201012093315/http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Hasina%2C_Sheikh">Archived</a> from the original on 12 October 2020. 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Toronto Star. 17 February 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241010070230/https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/convicted-assassin-living-freely-in-etobicoke/article_14173338-5537-533c-8cdd-636b4fc67e86.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toronto+Star&rft.atitle=Convicted+assassin+living+freely+in+Etobicoke&rft.date=2011-02-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.com%2Fnews%2Fgta%2F2011%2F02%2F17%2Fconvicted_assassin_living_freely_in_etobicoke.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-294"><a href="#cite_ref-294">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.com/news/2020/07/24/rashed-chowdhury-asylum-death-sentence-381075">"He thought he had asylum. Now, he could face a death sentence"</a>. Politico. 24 July 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240412215129/https://www.politico.com/news/2020/07/24/rashed-chowdhury-asylum-death-sentence-381075">Archived</a> from the original on 12 April 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=He+thought+he+had+asylum.+Now%2C+he+could+face+a+death+sentence&rft.date=2020-07-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F07%2F24%2Frashed-chowdhury-asylum-death-sentence-381075&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-295"><a href="#cite_ref-295">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.voabangla.com/a/a-16-2007-06-17-voa1-94419064/1394502.html">"Bangabandhu's Convicted Killer Muhiuddin deported from US"</a>. VOABangla.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221105171105/https://www.voabangla.com/a/a-16-2007-06-17-voa1-94419064/1394502.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 November 2022. Retrieved 5 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=VOABangla.com&rft.atitle=Bangabandhu%27s+Convicted+Killer+Muhiuddin+deported+from+US&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.voabangla.com%2Fa%2Fa-16-2007-06-17-voa1-94419064%2F1394502.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-296"><a href="#cite_ref-296">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlood1989" class="citation book cs1">Blood, Peter R. (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/bangladesh/18.htm">"Historical Setting"</a>. 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Daily Sun.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Sun&rft.atitle=Bangabandhu%27s+unfinished+memories+now+in+Arabic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.daily-sun.com%2Fpost%2F191224%2FBangabandhus-unfinished-memories-now-in-Arabic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-367"><a href="#cite_ref-367">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20250109062701/https://www.gulf-times.com/story/114559/autobiography-of-mujibur-handed-over-to-hasina">"Autobiography of Mujibur handed over to Hasina"</a>. Gulf Times. 21 June 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gulf-times.com/story/114559/autobiography-of-mujibur-handed-over-to-hasina">the original</a> on 9 January 2025. Retrieved 12 September 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gulf+Times&rft.atitle=Autobiography+of+Mujibur+handed+over+to+Hasina&rft.date=2012-06-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gulf-times.com%2Fstory%2F114559%2Fautobiography-of-mujibur-handed-over-to-hasina&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-368"><a href="#cite_ref-368">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhsanuzzaman2017" class="citation news cs1">Ahsanuzzaman, Ahmed (20 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thedailystar.net/book-reviews/karagarer-rojnamcha-jail-diary-difference-1407826">"Karagarer Rojnamcha: A Jail Diary with a Difference"</a>. The Daily Star. Retrieved 3 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Karagarer+Rojnamcha%3A+A+Jail+Diary+with+a+Difference&rft.date=2017-05-20&rft.aulast=Ahsanuzzaman&rft.aufirst=Ahmed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fbook-reviews%2Fkaragarer-rojnamcha-jail-diary-difference-1407826&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-370"><a href="#cite_ref-370">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.daily-sun.com/post/458961/Cover-of-Amar-Dekha-Naya-Chin%E2%80%99-by-Bangabandhu-unveiled">"Cover of 'Amar Dekha Naya Chin's by Bangabandhu unveiled"</a>. Daily Sun. 2 February 2020. Retrieved 18 December 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Sun&rft.atitle=Cover+of+%27Amar+Dekha+Naya+Chin%27s+by+Bangabandhu+unveiled&rft.date=2020-02-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.daily-sun.com%2Fpost%2F458961%2FCover-of-Amar-Dekha-Naya-Chin%25E2%2580%2599-by-Bangabandhu-unveiled&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References">References</h3></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMujibur_Rahman2012" class="citation book cs1">Mujibur Rahman, Sheikh (2012). <a href="/wiki/The_Unfinished_Memoirs" title="The Unfinished Memoirs">The Unfinished Memoirs</a>. Dhaka: The University Press Limited. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789845061100" title="Special:BookSources/9789845061100"><bdi>9789845061100</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Unfinished+Memoirs&rft.place=Dhaka&rft.pub=The+University+Press+Limited&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9789845061100&rft.aulast=Mujibur+Rahman&rft.aufirst=Sheikh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKādira2004" class="citation book cs1">Kādira, Muhāmmada Nūrula (2004). Independence of Bangladesh in 266 days: history and documentary evidence. Dhaka: Mukto Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-984-32-0858-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-984-32-0858-3"><bdi>978-984-32-0858-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Independence+of+Bangladesh+in+266+days%3A+history+and+documentary+evidence&rft.place=Dhaka&rft.pub=Mukto+Publishers&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-984-32-0858-3&rft.aulast=K%C4%81dira&rft.aufirst=Muh%C4%81mmada+N%C5%ABrula&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarim2005" class="citation book cs1">Karim, S. A. (2005). Sheikh Mujib: Triumph and Tragedy. The University Press Limited. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789840517374" title="Special:BookSources/9789840517374"><bdi>9789840517374</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sheikh+Mujib%3A+Triumph+and+Tragedy&rft.pub=The+University+Press+Limited&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9789840517374&rft.aulast=Karim&rft.aufirst=S.+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMilam2009" class="citation book cs1">Milam, William B. (2009). Pakistan and Bangladesh: Flirting with Failure. Columbia University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-70066-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-70066-5"><bdi>978-0-231-70066-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pakistan+and+Bangladesh%3A+Flirting+with+Failure&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-231-70066-5&rft.aulast=Milam&rft.aufirst=William+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaushikPatnayak1995" class="citation book cs1">Kaushik, S. L.; Patnayak, Rama (1995). Modern Governments and Political Systems: governments and politics in South Asia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Modern+Governments+and+Political+Systems%3A+governments+and+politics+in+South+Asia&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Kaushik&rft.aufirst=S.+L.&rft.au=Patnayak%2C+Rama&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrank2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Frank_(biographer)" title="Katherine Frank (biographer)">Frank, Katherine</a> (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/indiralifeofindi00fran">Indira: The Life of Indira Nehru Gandhi</a>. HarperCollins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-395-73097-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-395-73097-3"><bdi>978-0-395-73097-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indira%3A+The+Life+of+Indira+Nehru+Gandhi&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-395-73097-3&rft.aulast=Frank&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Findiralifeofindi00fran&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhmed1983" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Moudud_Ahmed" title="Moudud Ahmed">Ahmed, Moudud</a> (1983). Bangladesh: Era of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. The University Press Limited. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-984-506-226-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-984-506-226-8"><bdi>978-984-506-226-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bangladesh%3A+Era+of+Sheikh+Mujibur+Rahman&rft.pub=The+University+Press+Limited&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=978-984-506-226-8&rft.aulast=Ahmed&rft.aufirst=Moudud&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhmed2003" class="citation book cs1">Ahmed, Salahuddin (2003). Bangladesh: Past and Present. New Delhi: A.P.H. Publishing Corporation. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788176484695" title="Special:BookSources/9788176484695"><bdi>9788176484695</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bangladesh%3A+Past+and+Present&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pub=A.P.H.+Publishing+Corporation&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9788176484695&rft.aulast=Ahmed&rft.aufirst=Salahuddin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEnayetur_Rahim_and_Joyce_L._Rahim2013" class="citation book cs1">Enayetur Rahim and Joyce L. Rahim, ed. (2013). Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and Struggle for Independence: UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office, De-classified Documents, 1962–1971. Hakkani Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-7-02-140067-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-7-02-140067-5"><bdi>978-7-02-140067-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bangabandhu+Sheikh+Mujibur+Rahman+and+Struggle+for+Independence%3A+UK+Foreign+and+Commonwealth+Office%2C+De-classified+Documents%2C+1962%E2%80%931971&rft.pub=Hakkani+Publishers&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-7-02-140067-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeghna_Guhathakurta_and_Willem_van_Schendel2013" class="citation book cs1">Meghna Guhathakurta and Willem van Schendel (2013). The Bangladesh Reader: History, Culture, Politics. Duke University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780822353188" title="Special:BookSources/9780822353188"><bdi>9780822353188</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bangladesh+Reader%3A+History%2C+Culture%2C+Politics&rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9780822353188&rft.au=Meghna+Guhathakurta+and+Willem+van+Schendel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaidul_Islam2015" class="citation book cs1">Maidul Islam (2015). Limits of Islamism. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781107080263" title="Special:BookSources/9781107080263"><bdi>9781107080263</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Limits+of+Islamism&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781107080263&rft.au=Maidul+Islam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJahan2000" class="citation book cs1">Jahan, Rounaq (2000). Bangladesh: promise and performance. Zed Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781856498258" title="Special:BookSources/9781856498258"><bdi>9781856498258</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bangladesh%3A+promise+and+performance&rft.pub=Zed+Books&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9781856498258&rft.aulast=Jahan&rft.aufirst=Rounaq&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGupta1981" class="citation book cs1">Gupta, Jyoti Sen (1981). Bangladesh, in Blood and Tears. Naya Prokash.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bangladesh%2C+in+Blood+and+Tears&rft.pub=Naya+Prokash&rft.date=1981&rft.aulast=Gupta&rft.aufirst=Jyoti+Sen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeitzmanLibrary_of_CongressNyropWorden1989" class="citation book cs1">Heitzman, James; Library of Congress, Federal Research Division; Nyrop, Richard F.; Worden, Robert L. (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/item/89600298/">Bangladesh : a country study</a>. DA pam. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bangladesh+%3A+a+country+study&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.series=DA+pam&rft.pub=Library+of+Congress&rft.date=1989&rft.aulast=Heitzman&rft.aufirst=James&rft.au=Library+of+Congress%2C+Federal+Research+Division&rft.au=Nyrop%2C+Richard+F.&rft.au=Worden%2C+Robert+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fitem%2F89600298%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheikh+Mujibur+Rahman" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 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.sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> Sheikh Mujibur Rahman at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" class="extiw" title="c:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Media</a> from Commons</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" class="extiw" title="q:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" class="extiw" title="s:Author:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Texts</a> from Wikisource</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/27px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/41px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/54px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191375" class="extiw" title="d:Q191375">Data</a> from Wikidata</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mujibnagar.com/bangladesh-history/6-bongobondhu-sheik-mujibur-rahaman-in-1971-1975">Sheikh Mujib (1971–1975)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Rahman,_Bangabandhu_Sheikh_Mujibur">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a> at <a href="/wiki/Banglapedia" title="Banglapedia">Banglapedia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0706730/">Sheikh Mujib</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li>The short film <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/gov.archives.arc.652014">Interview with Bangladesh Prime Minister Mujbur Rahman <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049405">.mw-parser-output .noitalic{font-style:normal}</style>(1972)</a> is available for free viewing and download at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li>Japanese documentary film <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=we4EuvkKlGw">Rahman – The Father of Bengal (1973)</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7xl90y37_24">"Coverage of the declaration of Bangladeshi independence on US media"</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdbMGCi20Qg">"A french documentary on Mujib's homecoming (Bengali subtitled)"</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person.php?LinkID=mp166530">Portraits of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a> at the <a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery,_London" title="National Portrait Gallery, London">National Portrait Gallery, London</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">New office </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/President_of_Bangladesh" title="President of Bangladesh">President of Bangladesh</a> 1971–1972 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Syed_Nazrul_Islam" title="Syed Nazrul Islam">Nazrul Islam</a> Acting</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Tajuddin_Ahmed" class="mw-redirect" title="Tajuddin Ahmed">Tajuddin Ahmed</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bangladesh" title="Prime Minister of Bangladesh">Prime Minister of Bangladesh</a> 1972–1975 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Mansur_Ali" title="Muhammad Mansur Ali">Muhammad Mansur Ali</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Mohammadullah" title="Mohammad Mohammadullah">Mohammad Mohammadullah</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/President_of_Bangladesh" title="President of Bangladesh">President of Bangladesh</a> 1975 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Khondaker_Mostaq_Ahmad" title="Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad">Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman552" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Template:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Template talk:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman552" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Independence_of_Bangladesh" title="Independence of Bangladesh">Independence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Pakistan_Muslim_Students%27_League" class="mw-redirect" title="East Pakistan Muslim Students' League">East Pakistan Muslim Students' League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All-Pakistan_Awami_League" title="All-Pakistan Awami League">All-Pakistan Awami League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six_point_movement" title="Six point movement">Six point movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agartala_Conspiracy_Case" title="Agartala Conspiracy Case">Agartala Conspiracy Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Pakistani_general_election" title="1970 Pakistani general election">1970 Pakistani general election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7_March_Speech_of_Bangabandhu" class="mw-redirect" title="7 March Speech of Bangabandhu">7th March Speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-cooperation_movement_(1971)" title="Non-cooperation movement (1971)">Non-cooperation movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Bangladeshi_Independence" title="Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence">Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Bangladesh" title="Provisional Government of Bangladesh">Provisional Government of Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mujib_Bahini" title="Mujib Bahini">Mujib Bahini</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_1950.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_1950.jpg/80px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_1950.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_1950.jpg/120px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_1950.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_1950.jpg/160px-Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_in_1950.jpg 2x" data-file-width="598" data-file-height="880" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Administration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Awami_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladesh Awami League">Bangladesh Awami League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Bangladesh" title="Provisional Government of Bangladesh">1st cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Sheikh_Mujib_cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Sheikh Mujib cabinet">2nd cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_Bangladeshi_general_election" title="1973 Bangladeshi general election">1973 Bangladeshi general election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Sheikh_Mujib_cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Sheikh Mujib cabinet">3rd cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premiership_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Premiership of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Premiership of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_Speech_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman_at_the_United_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="1974 Speech of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman at the United Nations">1974 Speech at the United Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Krishak_Sramik_Awami_League" title="Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League">4th cabinet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Krishak_Sramik_Awami_League" title="Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League">Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Revolution_(Bangladesh)" title="Second Revolution (Bangladesh)">Second revolution</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatiya_Rakkhi_Bahini" title="Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini">Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="List of international presidential trips made by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">International presidential trips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15_August_1975_Bangladesh_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" class="mw-redirect" title="15 August 1975 Bangladesh coup d'état">15 August 1975 Bangladesh coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Assassination</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sheikh%E2%80%93Wazed_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheikh–Wazed family">Family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Lutfar_Rahman" title="Sheikh Lutfar Rahman">Sheikh Lutfar Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayera_Khatun" title="Sayera Khatun">Sayera Khatun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Fazilatunnesa_Mujib" title="Sheikh Fazilatunnesa Mujib">Sheikh Fazilatunnesa Mujib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Mosharraf_Hossain" title="Sheikh Mosharraf Hossain">Sheikh Mosharraf Hossain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Kamal" title="Sheikh Kamal">Sheikh Kamal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Jamal" title="Sheikh Jamal">Sheikh Jamal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Hasina" title="Sheikh Hasina">Sheikh Hasina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Rehana" title="Sheikh Rehana">Sheikh Rehana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Russel" title="Sheikh Russel">Sheikh Russel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sajeeb_Wazed" title="Sajeeb Wazed">Sajeeb Wazed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saima_Wazed" title="Saima Wazed">Saima Wazed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulip_Siddiq" title="Tulip Siddiq">Tulip Siddiq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radwan_Mujib_Siddiq_Bobby" title="Radwan Mujib Siddiq Bobby">Radwan Mujib Siddiq Bobby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultana_Kamal_(athlete)" title="Sultana Kamal (athlete)">Sultana Kamal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._A._Wazed_Miah" title="M. A. Wazed Miah">M. A. Wazed Miah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shafique_Ahmed_Siddique" title="Shafique Ahmed Siddique">Shafique Ahmed Siddique</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Relatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdur_Rab_Serniabat" title="Abdur Rab Serniabat">Abdur Rab Serniabat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Fazlul_Haque_Mani" title="Sheikh Fazlul Haque Mani">Sheikh Fazlul Haque Mani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Fazlul_Karim_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheikh Fazlul Karim (politician)">Sheikh Fazlul Karim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fazle_Noor_Taposh" class="mw-redirect" title="Fazle Noor Taposh">Fazle Noor Taposh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baker_Hostel" title="Baker Hostel">Baker Hostel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangabandhu_Memorial_Museum" title="Bangabandhu Memorial Museum">Dhanmondi 32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mausoleum_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Mausoleum of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Mausoleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayeman_Beach_Resort" title="Sayeman Beach Resort">Hotel Sayeman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Unfinished_Memoirs" title="The Unfinished Memoirs">The Unfinished Memoirs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Prison_Diaries" title="The Prison Diaries">The Prison Diaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amar_Dekha_Noya_Chin" class="mw-redirect" title="Amar Dekha Noya Chin">Amar Dekha Noya Chin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_K_Khandker#Controversy" class="mw-redirect" title="A K Khandker">1971: Inside and Outside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1975_(film)" title="August 1975 (film)">August 1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh:_A_Legacy_of_Blood" title="Bangladesh: A Legacy of Blood">Bangladesh: A Legacy of Blood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Assassin_Next_Door_(documentary)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Assassin Next Door (documentary)">The Assassin Next Door (documentary)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhat_De_Haramzada,_Noile_Manchitro_Khabo" title="Bhat De Haramzada, Noile Manchitro Khabo">Bhat De Haramzada, Noile Manchitro Khabo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chironjeeb_Mujib" title="Chironjeeb Mujib">Chironjeeb Mujib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deyal" title="Deyal">Deyal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mujib_Amar_Pita" title="Mujib Amar Pita">Mujib Amar Pita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khoka_Theke_Bangabandhu_Jatir_Pita" title="Khoka Theke Bangabandhu Jatir Pita">Khoka Theke Bangabandhu Jatir Pita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasina:_A_Daughter%27s_Tale" title="Hasina: A Daughter's Tale">Hasina: A Daughter's Tale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amader_Choto_Russel_Shona" class="mw-redirect" title="Amader Choto Russel Shona">Amader Choto Russel Shona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amar_Fashi_Chai" title="Amar Fashi Chai">Amar Fashi Chai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huliya_(poem)" title="Huliya (poem)">Huliya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jochona_O_Jononir_Golpo" title="Jochona O Jononir Golpo">Jochona O Jononir Golpo</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Jodi_Raat_Pohale_Shona_Jeto" title="Jodi Raat Pohale Shona Jeto">Jodi Raat Pohale Shona Jeto</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mujib:_The_Making_of_a_Nation" title="Mujib: The Making of a Nation">Mujib: The Making of a Nation</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Shono_Ekti_Mujiborer_Theke" title="Shono Ekti Mujiborer Theke">Shono Ekti Mujiborer Theke</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Black_Coat" title="The Black Coat">The Black Coat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tungiparar_Miya_Bhai" title="Tungiparar Miya Bhai">Tungiparar Miya Bhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mujib_Bhai" title="Mujib Bhai">Mujib Bhai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birthday_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Birthday of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Birthday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangabandhu_Memorial_Trust" title="Bangabandhu Memorial Trust">Memorial Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mujibism" title="Mujibism">Mujibism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mujibnagar" title="Mujibnagar">Mujibnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mujib_coat" title="Mujib coat">Mujib coat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mujib_Year" title="Mujib Year">Mujib Year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mritunjoyi_Mujib" title="Mritunjoyi Mujib">Mritunjoyi Mujib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_things_named_after_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="List of things named after Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Namesakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_artistic_depictions_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="List of artistic depictions of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Artistic depictions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Electoral history of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Electoral history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman%27s_cult_of_personality" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's cult of personality">Mujib's personality cult</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Category:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Commons</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/20px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /> <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Wikiquotes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Articles_related_to_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman108" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Articles_related_to_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman108" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Articles related to Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border&#124;alt=_National_symbols_of_Bangladesh253" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Symbols_of_Bangladesh" title="Template:Symbols of Bangladesh"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Symbols_of_Bangladesh" title="Template talk:Symbols of Bangladesh"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Symbols_of_Bangladesh" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Symbols of Bangladesh"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border&#124;alt=_National_symbols_of_Bangladesh253" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Bangladesh_(1971).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Bangladesh_%281971%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangladesh_%281971%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Bangladesh_%281971%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangladesh_%281971%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Bangladesh_%281971%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangladesh_%281971%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Bangladesh" title="National symbols of Bangladesh">National symbols of Bangladesh</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amar_Sonar_Bangla" title="Amar Sonar Bangla">Amar Sonar Bangla</a> (national anthem)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notuner_Gaan" title="Notuner Gaan">Notuner Gaan</a> (national march)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Emblem_of_Bangladesh" title="National Emblem of Bangladesh">National Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Seal_of_Bangladesh" title="Government Seal of Bangladesh">Government Seal </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Bangladesh" title="Flag of Bangladesh">Red-Green</a> (national flag)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a> (national language)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/80px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/120px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/160px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /><figcaption></figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Symbols.gif/80px-Symbols.gif" decoding="async" width="80" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Symbols.gif/120px-Symbols.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Symbols.gif/160px-Symbols.gif 2x" data-file-width="322" data-file-height="84" /><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Monuments and Memorials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shaheed_Minar,_Dhaka" title="Shaheed Minar, Dhaka">Shaheed Minar</a> (1952, martyr monument)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Martyrs%27_Memorial" title="National Martyrs' Memorial">National Martyrs' Memorial</a> (1971, national monument)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyred_Intellectuals_Memorial" title="Martyred Intellectuals Memorial">Martyred Intellectuals Memorial</a> (1971, martyr monument)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Column_of_Independence" class="mw-redirect" title="Column of Independence">Column of Independence</a> (1971, independence monument)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a> (Father of the Nation)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazi_Nazrul_Islam" title="Kazi Nazrul Islam">Kazi Nazrul Islam</a> (National poet)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Flora and fauna</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mango" title="Mango">Mango Tree</a> (national tree)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_magpie-robin" title="Oriental magpie-robin">Doel</a> (national bird)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymphaea_nouchali" title="Nymphaea nouchali">Water lily</a> (national flower)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_tiger" title="Bengal tiger">Royal Bengal Tiger</a> (national animal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackfruit" title="Jackfruit">Jackfruit</a> (national fruit)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilish" title="Ilish">Ilish</a> (national fish)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kabaddi" title="Kabaddi">Kabaddi</a> (national game)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendars" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali calendars">Bengali calendar</a> (national calendar)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangamata" title="Bangamata">Bangamata</a> (national personification)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Bangladesh&#124;link=Bangladesh_Bangladesh_Liberation_War551" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Template:Bangladesh Liberation War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Template talk:Bangladesh Liberation War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bangladesh Liberation War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Bangladesh&#124;link=Bangladesh_Bangladesh_Liberation_War551" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh"><img alt="Bangladesh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">Bangladesh Liberation War</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Government_Seal_of_Bangladesh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Government_Seal_of_Bangladesh.svg/20px-Government_Seal_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Government_Seal_of_Bangladesh.svg/30px-Government_Seal_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Government_Seal_of_Bangladesh.svg/40px-Government_Seal_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Liberation_War_Affairs_(Bangladesh)" title="Ministry of Liberation War Affairs (Bangladesh)">Ministry of Liberation War Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Timeline of the Bangladesh Liberation War">Timeline</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div id="Origins_of_the_Bangladeshi_Revolution551" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Origins of the Bangladeshi Revolution</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Philosophy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Renaissance" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali Renaissance">Bengali Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_nationalism_in_South_Asia" title="Muslim nationalism in South Asia">Muslim nationalism in South Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-nation_theory" title="Two-nation theory">Two-nation theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_nationalism" title="Bengali nationalism">Bengali nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_studies" title="Bengal studies">Bengal studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangamata" title="Bangamata">Bangamata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joy_Bangla" title="Joy Bangla">Joy Bangla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Pakistan Movement</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1905)" title="Partition of Bengal (1905)">Partition of Bengal (1905)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bengal_and_Assam" title="Eastern Bengal and Assam">Eastern Bengal and Assam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All-India_Muslim_League" title="All-India Muslim League">All-India Muslim League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_independence_movement" title="Indian independence movement">Indian independence movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Movement" title="Pakistan Movement">Pakistan Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahore_Resolution" title="Lahore Resolution">Lahore Resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Bengal" title="United Bengal">United Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_National_Guard" title="Muslim National Guard">Muslim National Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_Action_Day" title="Direct Action Day">Direct Action Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noakhali_riots" title="Noakhali riots">Noakhali riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">Partition of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1947)" title="Partition of Bengal (1947)">Partition of Bengal (1947)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">East Pakistan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_Pakistan" title="Dominion of Pakistan">Dominion of Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Bengal" title="East Bengal">East Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Muslim_League" title="Pakistan Muslim League">Pakistan Muslim League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Objectives_Resolution" title="Objectives Resolution">Objectives Resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Pakistan_Awami_Muslim_League" class="mw-redirect" title="All Pakistan Awami Muslim League">All Pakistan Awami Muslim League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Awami_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladesh Awami League">Awami League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Front_(East_Pakistan)" title="United Front (East Pakistan)">United Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_language_movement" title="Bengali language movement">Bengali language movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="One Unit">One Unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Pakistan" title="East Pakistan">East Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Pakistan_of_1956" title="Constitution of Pakistan of 1956">Constitution of Pakistan of 1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_Pakistani_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" class="mw-redirect" title="1958 Pakistani coup d'état">1958 Pakistani coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Pakistan_of_1962" title="Constitution of Pakistan of 1962">Constitution of Pakistan of 1962</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Bengali self-determination</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Swadhin_Bangla_Biplobi_Parishad" title="Swadhin Bangla Biplobi Parishad">Swadhin Bangla Biplobi Parishad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six_point_movement" title="Six point movement">Six point movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agartala_Conspiracy_Case" title="Agartala Conspiracy Case">Agartala Conspiracy Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_Mass_uprising_in_East_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="1969 Mass uprising in East Pakistan">1969 uprising in East Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Bhola_cyclone" title="1970 Bhola cyclone">1970 Bhola cyclone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Pakistani_general_election" title="1970 Pakistani general election">1970 Pakistani general election</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Declaration of war</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/7_March_Speech_of_Bangabandhu" class="mw-redirect" title="7 March Speech of Bangabandhu">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's speech of 7 March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-cooperation_movement_(1971)" title="Non-cooperation movement (1971)">Non-cooperation movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksei_A._Rodionov" class="mw-redirect" title="Aleksei A. Rodionov">Rodionov message</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admiral_Ahsan_Mission" title="Admiral Ahsan Mission">Admiral Ahsan Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Searchlight" title="Operation Searchlight">Operation Searchlight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Bangladeshi_Independence" title="Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence">Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div id="*_Combatants_*_Campaigns_*_Theaters_*_Battles_*_Events_*_Massacres551" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"> <ul><li>Combatants</li> <li>Campaigns</li> <li>Theaters</li> <li>Battles</li> <li>Events</li> <li>Massacres</li></ul> </div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Combatants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Bangladesh" title="Provisional Government of Bangladesh">Provisional Government of Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukti_Bahini" title="Mukti Bahini">Mukti Bahini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Army" title="Bangladesh Army">Bangladesh Army</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/K_Force_(Bangladesh)" title="K Force (Bangladesh)">K Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S_Force_(Bangladesh)" title="S Force (Bangladesh)">S Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z_Force_(Bangladesh)" title="Z Force (Bangladesh)">Z Force</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Navy" title="Bangladesh Navy">Bangladesh Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Air_Force" title="Bangladesh Air Force">Bangladesh Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_Guards_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Border Guards Bangladesh">Bangladesh Rifles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Ansar" title="Bangladesh Ansar">Bangladesh Ansar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Police" title="Bangladesh Police">Bangladesh Police</a> </li> <li>Special Guerrilla Forces <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gonobahini_(Mukti_Bahini)" title="Gonobahini (Mukti Bahini)">Gono Bahini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mujib_Bahini" title="Mujib Bahini">Mujib Bahini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kader_Bahini" title="Kader Bahini">Kader Bahini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baten_Bahini" title="Baten Bahini">Baten Bahini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afsar_Bahini" title="Afsar Bahini">Afsar Bahini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemayet_Bahini" title="Hemayet Bahini">Hemayet Bahini</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crack_Platoon" title="Crack Platoon">Crack Platoon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Armed_Forces" title="Pakistan Armed Forces">Pakistan Armed Forces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Army" title="Pakistan Army">Army</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Navy" title="Pakistan Navy">Navy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Air_Force" title="Pakistan Air Force">Air Force</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Marines" title="Pakistan Marines">Marines</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Jamaat-e-Islami" title="Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami">Jamaat-e-Islami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Pakistan_Central_Peace_Committee" title="East Pakistan Central Peace Committee">Central Peace Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razakar_(Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Razakar (Pakistan)">Razakars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Badr_(East_Pakistan)" title="Al-Badr (East Pakistan)">Al-Badr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Shams_(East_Pakistan)" title="Al-Shams (East Pakistan)">Al-Shams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Indian allies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_India" title="Parliament of India">Parliament of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Armed_Forces" title="Indian Armed Forces">Indian Armed Forces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Army" title="Indian Army">Army</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indian_Navy" title="Indian Navy">Navy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indian_Air_Force" title="Indian Air Force">Air Force</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitro_Bahini_Order_of_Battle_December_1971" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitro Bahini Order of Battle December 1971">Mitro Bahini</a> (Indo-Bangali group)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Campaigns and theaters</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Armed_Forces_Eastern_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistan Armed Forces Eastern Command">Pakistan Eastern Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Searchlight" title="Operation Searchlight">Operation Searchlight</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Searchlight_order_of_battle:_Pakistan" title="Operation Searchlight order of battle: Pakistan">Order of Battle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Barisal" title="Operation Barisal">Operation Barisal</a></li> <li>Cable 1971</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sectors_in_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="List of sectors in the Bangladesh Liberation War">Sectors in the Bangladesh Liberation War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_plans_of_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Military plans of the Bangladesh Liberation War">Military plans of the Bangladesh Liberation War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Command_(India)" title="Eastern Command (India)">Eastern Command (India)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meghna_Heli_Bridge" title="Meghna Heli Bridge">Meghna Heli Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Jackpot" title="Operation Jackpot">Operation Jackpot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PNS_Mangro_(S133)" title="PNS Mangro (S133)">Mutiny on PNS Mangro in Toulon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Python" title="Operation Python">Operation Python</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Trident_(1971)" title="Operation Trident (1971)">Operation Trident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Army_order_of_battle,_December_1971" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistan Army order of battle, December 1971">Pakistan Army order of battle, December 1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitro_Bahini_Order_of_Battle_December_1971" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitro Bahini Order of Battle December 1971">Mitro Bahini Order of Battle December 1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinking_of_PNS_Ghazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinking of PNS Ghazi">Sinking of PNS Ghazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Pakistan_Air_Operations,_1971" class="mw-redirect" title="East Pakistan Air Operations, 1971">East Pakistan Air Operations, 1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Chengiz_Khan" title="Operation Chengiz Khan">Operation Chengiz Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Cactus-Lilly" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Cactus-Lilly">Operation Cactus-Lilly</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Major battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Daruin" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Daruin">Battle of Daruin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rangamati-Mahalchari_waterway" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Rangamati-Mahalchari waterway">Battle of Rangamati-Mahalchari waterway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Goalhati" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Goalhati">Battle of Goalhati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamidur_Rahman" title="Hamidur Rahman">Battle of Dhalai Outpost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dhalai" title="Battle of Dhalai">Battle of Dhalai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Ajmiriganj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Ajmiriganj (page does not exist)">Battle of Ajmiriganj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Garibpur" title="Battle of Garibpur">Battle of Garibpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hilli" title="Battle of Hilli">Battle of Hilli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Longewala" title="Battle of Longewala">Battle of Longewala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Basantar" title="Battle of Basantar">Battle of Basantar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kushtia" title="Battle of Kushtia">Battle of Kushtia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Boyra" title="Battle of Boyra">Battle of Boyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Atgram" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Atgram">Battle of Atgram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Other events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blood_Telegram" class="mw-redirect" title="Blood Telegram">Blood Telegram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_genocide" title="Bangladesh genocide">Bangladesh genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_killing_of_Bengali_intellectuals" title="1971 killing of Bengali intellectuals">1971 killing of Bengali intellectuals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_during_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Rape during the Bangladesh Liberation War">Rape during the Bangladesh Liberation War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Bengali_refugees#1970s" title="East Bengali refugees">Refugees in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swadhin_Bangla_Betar_Kendra" title="Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendra">Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadhin_Bangla_football_team" title="Shadhin Bangla football team">Shadhin Bangla Football Team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Concert_for_Bangladesh" title="The Concert for Bangladesh">The Concert for Bangladesh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Concert_for_Bangladesh_(album)" title="The Concert for Bangladesh (album)">Album</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Concert_for_Bangladesh_(film)" title="The Concert for Bangladesh (film)">Film</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_massacres_in_Bangladesh" title="List of massacres in Bangladesh">List of massacres</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1971_Dhaka_University_massacre" title="1971 Dhaka University massacre">1971 Dhaka University massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shankharibazar_massacre" title="Shankharibazar massacre">Shankharibazar massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramna_massacre" title="Ramna massacre">Ramna massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutrapur_massacre" title="Sutrapur massacre">Sutrapur massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinjira_massacre" title="Jinjira massacre">Jinjira massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhira_massacre" title="Akhira massacre">Akhira massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jathibhanga_massacre" title="Jathibhanga massacre">Jathibhanga massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demra_massacre" title="Demra massacre">Demra massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuknagar_massacre" title="Chuknagar massacre">Chuknagar massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhyapara_massacre" title="Madhyapara massacre">Madhyapara massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakhrabad_massacre" title="Bakhrabad massacre">Bakhrabad massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burunga_massacre" title="Burunga massacre">Burunga massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sohagpur_massacre" title="Sohagpur massacre">Sohagpur massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Massacres_in_Bangladesh" title="Category:Massacres in Bangladesh">more</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Related conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1971" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Pakistani War of 1971">Indo-Pakistani War of 1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_Naval_War_of_1971" title="Indo-Pakistani Naval War of 1971">Indo-Pakistani Naval War of 1971</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div id="Leaders551" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Leaders</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Bangladesh</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M._A._G._Osmani" title="M. A. G. Osmani">M. A. G. Osmani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziaur_Rahman" title="Ziaur Rahman">Ziaur Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaled_Mosharraf" title="Khaled Mosharraf">Khaled Mosharraf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K_M_Shafiullah" class="mw-redirect" title="K M Shafiullah">K M Shafiullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shafaat_Jamil" title="Shafaat Jamil">Shafaat Jamil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._K._Khandker" title="A. K. Khandker">A. K. Khandker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Hamidullah_Khan" title="Muhammad Hamidullah Khan">Muhammad Hamidullah Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matiur_Rahman_(military_pilot)" title="Matiur Rahman (military pilot)">Matiur Rahman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Civilian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syed_Nazrul_Islam" title="Syed Nazrul Islam">Syed Nazrul Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajuddin_Ahmad" title="Tajuddin Ahmad">Tajuddin Ahmad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abul_Hasnat_Muhammad_Qamaruzzaman" title="Abul Hasnat Muhammad Qamaruzzaman">AHM Qamaruzzaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Hamidullah_Khan" title="Muhammad Hamidullah Khan">Muhammad Hamidullah Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serajul_Alam_Khan" title="Serajul Alam Khan">Serajul Alam Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhirendranath_Datta" title="Dhirendranath Datta">Dhirendranath Datta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazi_Nuruzzaman" title="Kazi Nuruzzaman">Kazi Nuruzzaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chitta_Ranjan_Dutta" title="Chitta Ranjan Dutta">Chitta Ranjan Dutta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Mansur_Ali" title="Muhammad Mansur Ali">Muhammad Mansur Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khondaker_Mostaq_Ahmad" title="Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad">Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._A._Hannan" title="M. A. Hannan">M. A. Hannan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Sayeed_Chowdhury" title="Abu Sayeed Chowdhury">Abu Sayeed Chowdhury</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Pakistan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yahya_Khan" title="Yahya Khan">Yahya Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tikka_Khan" title="Tikka Khan">Tikka Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syed_Mohammad_Ahsan" title="Syed Mohammad Ahsan">S.M. Ahsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._A._K._Niazi" title="A. A. K. Niazi">A.K. Niazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahabzada_Yaqub_Khan" title="Sahabzada Yaqub Khan">Yaqub Ali Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Shariff" title="Mohammad Shariff">Mohammad Shariff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rao_Farman_Ali" title="Rao Farman Ali">Rao Farman Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aboobaker_Osman_Mitha" title="Aboobaker Osman Mitha">A.O. Mitha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khadim_Hussain_Raja" title="Khadim Hussain Raja">Khadim Hussain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zafar_Masud" title="Zafar Masud">Mitty Masud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Zamir" title="Ahmad Zamir">Ahmad Zamir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inamul_Haque_Khan" title="Inamul Haque Khan">Inamul Haque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddique_Salik" title="Siddique Salik">Siddique Salik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalid_Mahmud_Arif" title="Khalid Mahmud Arif">K.M. Arif</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Civilian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zulfikar_Ali_Bhutto" title="Zulfikar Ali Bhutto">Zulfikar Ali Bhutto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Motaleb_Malik" title="Abdul Motaleb Malik">Dr. Abdul Motaleb Malik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nurul_Amin" title="Nurul Amin">Nurul Amin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shah_Azizur_Rahman" title="Shah Azizur Rahman">Shah Azizur Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghulam_Azam" title="Ghulam Azam">Ghulam Azam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motiur_Rahman_Nizami" title="Motiur Rahman Nizami">Motiur Rahman Nizami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalaludin_Abdur_Rahim" title="Jalaludin Abdur Rahim">J.A. Rahim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tridev_Roy" title="Tridev Roy">Tridev Roy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Indian allies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Manekshaw" title="Sam Manekshaw">Sam Manekshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardarilal_Mathradas_Nanda" title="Sardarilal Mathradas Nanda">S. M. Nanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratap_Chandra_Lal" title="Pratap Chandra Lal">P. C. Lal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagjit_Singh_Aurora" title="Jagjit Singh Aurora">Jagjit Singh Aurora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunhiraman_Palat_Candeth" title="Kunhiraman Palat Candeth">K. P. Candeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopal_Gurunath_Bewoor" title="Gopal Gurunath Bewoor">Gopal Gurunath Bewoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sourendra_Nath_Kohli" title="Sourendra Nath Kohli">Sourendra Nath Kohli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilakanta_Krishnan" title="Nilakanta Krishnan">Nilakanta Krishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minoo_Merwan_Engineer" title="Minoo Merwan Engineer">Minoo Merwan Engineer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hari_Chand_Dewan" title="Hari Chand Dewan">Hari Chand Dewan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagat_Singh" title="Sagat Singh">Sagat Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapishwar_Narain_Raina" title="Tapishwar Narain Raina">T. N. Raina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khem_Karan_Singh" title="Khem Karan Singh">Khem Karan Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sartaj_Singh_(general)" title="Sartaj Singh (general)">Sartaj Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inderjit_Singh_Gill" title="Inderjit Singh Gill">Inderjit Singh Gill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._F._R._Jacob" title="J. F. R. Jacob">J. F. R. Jacob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elenjikal_Chandy_Kuruvila" title="Elenjikal Chandy Kuruvila">E. C. Kuruvila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._H._Sarma" title="S. H. Sarma">S. H. Sarma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Civilian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi" title="Indira Gandhi">Indira Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._V._Giri" title="V. V. Giri">V. V. Giri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopal_Swarup_Pathak" title="Gopal Swarup Pathak">Gopal Swarup Pathak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._N._Kao" title="R. N. Kao">Rameshwar Kao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaran_Singh" title="Swaran Singh">Swaran Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagjivan_Ram" title="Jagjivan Ram">Jagjivan Ram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dilip_Mahalanabis" title="Dilip Mahalanabis">Dilip Mahalanabis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div id="Aftermath551" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Aftermath</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Instrument_of_Surrender" title="Pakistani Instrument of Surrender">Pakistani Instrument of Surrender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_Bangladesh" title="International recognition of Bangladesh">International recognition of Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simla_Agreement" title="Simla Agreement">Simla Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_Agreement" title="Delhi Agreement">Delhi Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stranded_Pakistanis_in_Bangladesh" title="Stranded Pakistanis in Bangladesh">Stranded Pakistanis in Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamoodur_Rahman_Commission" title="Hamoodur Rahman Commission">Hamoodur Rahman Commission</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hamoodur_Rahman_Commission_Report" title="Hamoodur Rahman Commission Report">War Report</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prisoners_of_war_during_the_Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1971" class="mw-redirect" title="Prisoners of war during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971">1971 Prisoners of War Investigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_nationalism" title="Bangladeshi nationalism">Bangladeshi nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Bangladesh–India relations">Bangladesh–India relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Bangla_Treaty_of_Friendship,_Cooperation_and_Peace" title="Indo-Bangla Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Peace">Indira-Mujib Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Bangladesh%E2%80%93India_border_clashes" title="2001 Bangladesh–India border clashes">2001 Indo-Bangla skirmishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deaths_along_the_Bangladesh%E2%80%93India_border" title="Deaths along the Bangladesh–India border">Deaths along the Bangladesh–India border</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Bangladesh–Pakistan relations">Bangladesh–Pakistan relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2013_siege_of_the_Pakistani_embassy_in_Dhaka" title="2013 siege of the Pakistani embassy in Dhaka">2013 Pakistan Embassy siege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations#2015_incidents:_Diplomatic_Rifts" title="Bangladesh–Pakistan relations">2015 Expulsion of Pakistani diplomats from Dhaka</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div id="*_Related_topics_*_Categories551" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"> <ul><li>Related topics</li> <li>Categories</li></ul> </div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Commemoration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Monuments and memorials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Martyrs%27_Memorial" title="National Martyrs' Memorial">National Martyrs' Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyred_Intellectuals_Memorial" title="Martyred Intellectuals Memorial">Martyred Intellectuals Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swadhinata_Stambha" title="Swadhinata Stambha">Swadhinata Stambha</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberation_War_Memorial_Trust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberation War Memorial Trust (page does not exist)">Liberation War Memorial Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_War_Museum" title="Liberation War Museum">Liberation War Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Police_Liberation_War_Museum" title="Bangladesh Police Liberation War Museum">Bangladesh Police Liberation War Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aparajeyo_Bangla" title="Aparajeyo Bangla">Aparajeyo Bangla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shabash_Bangladesh" title="Shabash Bangladesh">Shabash Bangladesh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Anniversaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Genocide_Remembrance_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali Genocide Remembrance Day">Bengali Genocide Remembrance Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Bangladesh)" title="Independence Day (Bangladesh)">Independence Day (Bangladesh)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_Day_(Bangladesh)" title="Armed Forces Day (Bangladesh)">Armed Forces Day (Bangladesh)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyred_Intellectuals_Day" title="Martyred Intellectuals Day">Martyred Intellectuals Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_day_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Victory day of Bangladesh">Victory day of Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijay_Diwas_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vijay Diwas (India)">Vijay Diwas (India)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Decorations and depictions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muktijuddho_e-Archive" title="Muktijuddho e-Archive">Muktijuddho e-Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artistic_depictions_of_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Artistic depictions of the Bangladesh Liberation War">Artistic depictions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awards_and_decorations_of_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Awards and decorations of the Bangladesh Liberation War">Awards and decorations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Trials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2013_Shahbag_protests" title="2013 Shahbag protests">2013 Shahbag protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_demanding_trial_of_war_criminals_(Bangladesh)" title="Movement demanding trial of war criminals (Bangladesh)">Movement demanding trial of war criminals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Crimes_Tribunal_(Bangladesh)" title="International Crimes Tribunal (Bangladesh)">International Crimes Tribunal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_International_Crimes_Tribunal_(Bangladesh)" title="Timeline of the International Crimes Tribunal (Bangladesh)">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_Crimes_Fact_Finding_Committee" title="War Crimes Fact Finding Committee">War Crimes Fact Finding Committee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Categories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Category:Bangladesh Liberation War">Liberation War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1971_Bangladesh_genocide" title="Category:1971 Bangladesh genocide">Genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Aftermath_of_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Category:Aftermath of the Bangladesh Liberation War">Aftermath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_based_on_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Category:Films based on the Bangladesh Liberation War">Films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Causes_and_prelude_of_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Category:Causes and prelude of the Bangladesh Liberation War">Causes and prelude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Battles_of_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Category:Battles of the Bangladesh Liberation War">Battles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_of_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Category:People of the Bangladesh Liberation War">Peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Generals_of_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Category:Generals of the Bangladesh Liberation War">Military personnel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Presidents_of_Bangladesh_(list)387" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Presidents_of_Bangladesh" title="Template:Presidents of Bangladesh"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Presidents_of_Bangladesh" title="Template talk:Presidents of Bangladesh"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents_of_Bangladesh" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents of Bangladesh"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidents_of_Bangladesh_(list)387" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/President_of_Bangladesh" title="President of Bangladesh">Presidents</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Bangladesh" title="List of presidents of Bangladesh">list</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syed_Nazrul_Islam" title="Syed Nazrul Islam">Syed Nazrul Islam</a>A</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Sayeed_Chowdhury" title="Abu Sayeed Chowdhury">Abu Sayeed Chowdhury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Mohammadullah" title="Mohammad Mohammadullah">Mohammad Mohammadullah</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khondaker_Mostaq_Ahmad" title="Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad">Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Sadat_Mohammad_Sayem" title="Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayem">Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayem</a>I</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziaur_Rahman" title="Ziaur Rahman">Ziaur Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdus_Sattar_(president)" title="Abdus Sattar (president)">Abdus Sattar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._F._M._Ahsanuddin_Chowdhury" title="A. F. M. Ahsanuddin Chowdhury">A. F. M. Ahsanuddin Chowdhury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hussain_Muhammad_Ershad" title="Hussain Muhammad Ershad">Hussain Muhammad Ershad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahabuddin_Ahmed" title="Shahabuddin Ahmed">Shahabuddin Ahmed</a>IA</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdur_Rahman_Biswas" title="Abdur Rahman Biswas">Abdur Rahman Biswas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahabuddin_Ahmed" title="Shahabuddin Ahmed">Shahabuddin Ahmed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Q._M._Badruddoza_Chowdhury" title="A. Q. M. Badruddoza Chowdhury">A. Q. M. Badruddoza Chowdhury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Jamiruddin_Sircar" title="Muhammad Jamiruddin Sircar">Muhammad Jamiruddin Sircar</a>A</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iajuddin_Ahmed" title="Iajuddin Ahmed">Iajuddin Ahmed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zillur_Rahman" title="Zillur Rahman">Zillur Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Abdul_Hamid" title="Mohammad Abdul Hamid">Mohammad Abdul Hamid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Shahabuddin" title="Mohammed Shahabuddin">Mohammed Shahabuddin</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_President_of_Bangladesh.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the president of Bangladesh"><img alt="Seal of the president of Bangladesh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Seal_of_the_President_of_Bangladesh.svg/75px-Seal_of_the_President_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Seal_of_the_President_of_Bangladesh.svg/113px-Seal_of_the_President_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Seal_of_the_President_of_Bangladesh.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_President_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="583" /></a><figcaption>Seal of the president of Bangladesh</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>(I) interim</li> <li>(A) acting</li></ul> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Presidents_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Presidents of Bangladesh">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Presidents_of_Bangladesh" class="extiw" title="commons:Presidents of Bangladesh">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prime_ministers_of_Bangladesh_(list)399" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Prime_ministers_of_Bangladesh" title="Template:Prime ministers of Bangladesh"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prime_ministers_of_Bangladesh" title="Template talk:Prime ministers of Bangladesh"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prime_ministers_of_Bangladesh" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Prime ministers of Bangladesh"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prime_ministers_of_Bangladesh_(list)399" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bangladesh" title="Prime Minister of Bangladesh">Prime ministers</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Bangladesh" title="List of prime ministers of Bangladesh">list</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tajuddin_Ahmad" title="Tajuddin Ahmad">Tajuddin Ahmad</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Mansur_Ali" title="Muhammad Mansur Ali">Muhammad Mansur Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shah_Azizur_Rahman" title="Shah Azizur Rahman">Shah Azizur Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ataur_Rahman_Khan" title="Ataur Rahman Khan">Ataur Rahman Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizanur_Rahman_Chowdhury" title="Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury">Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moudud_Ahmed" title="Moudud Ahmed">Moudud Ahmed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazi_Zafar_Ahmed" title="Kazi Zafar Ahmed">Kazi Zafar Ahmed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaleda_Zia" title="Khaleda Zia">Khaleda Zia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Habibur_Rahman" title="Muhammad Habibur Rahman">Muhammad Habibur Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Hasina" title="Sheikh Hasina">Sheikh Hasina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latifur_Rahman" title="Latifur Rahman">Latifur Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaleda_Zia" title="Khaleda Zia">Khaleda Zia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iajuddin_Ahmed" title="Iajuddin Ahmed">Iajuddin Ahmed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fazlul_Haque_(judge)" title="Fazlul Haque (judge)">Fazlul Haque</a>I</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fakhruddin_Ahmed" title="Fakhruddin Ahmed">Fakhruddin Ahmed</a>I</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Hasina" title="Sheikh Hasina">Sheikh Hasina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Yunus" title="Muhammad Yunus">Muhammad Yunus</a>I</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Bangladesh.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the prime minister of Bangladesh"><img alt="Seal of the prime minister of Bangladesh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Seal_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Bangladesh.svg/75px-Seal_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Seal_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Bangladesh.svg/113px-Seal_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C.svg/30px-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="/wiki/Huseyn_Shaheed_Suhrawardy" title="Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy">Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy</a> (1956–57)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdur_Rashid_Tarkabagish" title="Abdur Rashid Tarkabagish">Abdur Rashid Tarkabagish</a> (1957–66)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a> (1966–74)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abul_Hasnat_Muhammad_Qamaruzzaman" title="Abul Hasnat Muhammad Qamaruzzaman">Muhammad Qamaruzzaman</a> (1974–75)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syeda_Zohra_Tajuddin" title="Syeda Zohra Tajuddin">Syeda Zohra Tajuddin</a> (Convenor) (1977–78)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Malek_Ukil" title="Abdul Malek Ukil">Abdul Malek Ukil</a> (1978–81)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Hasina" title="Sheikh Hasina">Sheikh Hasina</a> (1981– present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #006a4e;color:#F8B800;;width:1%">General secretaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shamsul_Huq" title="Shamsul Huq">Shamsul Huq</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajuddin_Ahmad" title="Tajuddin Ahmad">Tajuddin Ahmad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zillur_Rahman" title="Zillur Rahman">Zillur Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdur_Razzaq_(politician,_born_1942)" title="Abdur Razzaq (politician, born 1942)">Abdur Razzaq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syeda_Sajeda_Chowdhury" title="Syeda Sajeda Chowdhury">Syeda Sajeda Chowdhury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zillur_Rahman" title="Zillur Rahman">Zillur Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Jalil_(politician)" title="Abdul Jalil (politician)">Abdul Jalil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayed_Ashraful_Islam" title="Sayed Ashraful Islam">Sayed Ashraful Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obaidul_Quader" title="Obaidul Quader">Obaidul Quader</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #006a4e;color:#F8B800;;width:1%">Internal Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Constitution</li> <li>National Conference</li> <li>Central Working Committee</li> <li>Advisory Council</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #006a4e;color:#F8B800;;width:1%">Political wings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Chhatra_League" title="Bangladesh Chhatra League">Students League</a> (Students wing)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jubo_League" title="Jubo League">Youth League</a> (Youth wing)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukti_Bahini" title="Mukti Bahini">Mukti Bahini</a> (Armed Wing)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Krishak_League" title="Bangladesh Krishak League">Krishak League</a> (Farmers wing)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Jatiya_Sramik_League" title="Bangladesh Jatiya Sramik League">Sramik League</a> (Trade union wing)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Awami_Swechasebak_League" title="Bangladesh Awami Swechasebak League">Swechasebak League</a> (Volunteers wing)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Mohila_Awami_League" title="Bangladesh Mohila Awami League">Mohila Awami League</a> (Women wing)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #006a4e;color:#F8B800;;width:1%">Related organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Research_and_Information" class="mw-redirect" title="Centre for Research and Information">Centre for Research and Information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Bangla" title="Young Bangla">Young Bangla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #006a4e;color:#F8B800;;width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Pakistan Era: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Two-nation_theory" title="Two-nation theory">Two-nation theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Pakistan_Awami_Muslim_League" class="mw-redirect" title="All Pakistan Awami Muslim League">All Pakistan Awami Muslim League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_language_movement" title="Bengali language movement">Language Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Front_(East_Pakistan)" title="United Front (East Pakistan)">United Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six_point_movement" title="Six point movement">Six point movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agartala_Conspiracy_Case" title="Agartala Conspiracy Case">Agartala Conspiracy Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Pakistani_general_election" title="1970 Pakistani general election">1970 Pakistani general election</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-cooperation_movement_(1971)" title="Non-cooperation movement (1971)">Non-cooperation movement (1971)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/7_March_Speech_of_Bangabandhu" class="mw-redirect" title="7 March Speech of Bangabandhu">7 March Speech of Bangabandhu</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">Bangladesh Liberation War</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Bangladeshi_Independence" title="Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence">Independence Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Bangladesh" title="Provisional Government of Bangladesh">Provisional Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mujibnagar" title="Mujibnagar">Mujibnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukti_Bahini" title="Mukti Bahini">Mukti Bahini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joy_Bangla" title="Joy Bangla">Joy Bangla</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Sheikh Mujib Administration: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_famine_of_1974" title="Bangladesh famine of 1974">Famine of 1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Revolution_(Bangladesh)" title="Second Revolution (Bangladesh)">Second Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Krishak_Sramik_Awami_League" title="Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League">BAKSAL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jail_Killing_Day" title="Jail Killing Day">Jail Killing Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indemnity_Act_(Bangladesh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Indemnity Act (Bangladesh)">Indemnity Act</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Sheikh Hasina Era: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1988_Chittagong_massacre" title="1988 Chittagong massacre">1988 Chittagong massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caretaker_government_of_Bangladesh" title="Caretaker government of Bangladesh">Caretaker government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Dhaka_grenade_attack" title="2004 Dhaka grenade attack">2004 Dhaka grenade attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006%E2%80%9308_Bangladeshi_political_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2006–08 Bangladeshi political crisis">2006–08 crisis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Logi_Boitha_Movement" title="Logi Boitha Movement">Logi Boitha Rally</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Crimes_Tribunal_(Bangladesh)" title="International Crimes Tribunal (Bangladesh)">International Crimes Tribunal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vision_2021" title="Vision 2021">Vision 2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padma_Bridge_graft_scandal" title="Padma Bridge graft scandal">Graft scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh%E2%80%93Wazed_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheikh–Wazed family">Sheikh–Wazed family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Awami_League" title="Criticism of Awami League">Criticism of Awami League</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #006a4e;color:#F8B800;;width:1%">Presence in governments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Pakistan" title="Prime Minister of Pakistan">Prime Minister of Pakistan</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Huseyn_Shaheed_Suhrawardy" title="Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy">Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy</a> (1956–1957)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_East_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Minister of East Pakistan">Chief Minister of East Pakistan</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ataur_Rahman_Khan" title="Ataur Rahman Khan">Ataur Rahman Khan</a> (1956–1958)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Bangladesh" title="President of Bangladesh">President of Bangladesh</a>: <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a> (1971–1972; 1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Sayeed_Chowdhury" title="Abu Sayeed Chowdhury">Abu Sayeed Chowdhury</a> (1972–1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Mohammadullah" title="Mohammad Mohammadullah">Mohammad Mohammadullah</a> (1974–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khondaker_Mostaq_Ahmad" title="Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad">Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Sadat_Mohammad_Sayem" title="Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayem">Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayem</a> (1975–1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zillur_Rahman" title="Zillur Rahman">Zillur Rahman</a> (2009–2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Abdul_Hamid" title="Mohammad Abdul Hamid">Abdul Hamid</a> (2013–2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Shahabuddin" title="Mohammed Shahabuddin">Mohammed Shahabuddin</a> (2023–Present)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_Bangladesh" title="Vice President of Bangladesh">Vice President of Bangladesh</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syed_Nazrul_Islam" title="Syed Nazrul Islam">Syed Nazrul Islam</a> (1971–1972)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bangladesh" title="Prime Minister of Bangladesh">Prime Minister of Bangladesh</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tajuddin_Ahmad" title="Tajuddin Ahmad">Tajuddin Ahmad</a> (1971–1972)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a> (1972–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Mansur_Ali" title="Muhammad Mansur Ali">Muhammad Mansur Ali</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Hasina" title="Sheikh Hasina">Sheikh Hasina</a> (1996–2001; 2009-2024)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #006a4e;color:#F8B800;"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Awami_League" title="Category:Awami League">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Presidents_of_Awami_League54" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Presidents_of_Awami_League" title="Template:Presidents of Awami League"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Presidents_of_Awami_League" title="Template talk:Presidents of Awami League"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents_of_Awami_League" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents of Awami League"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidents_of_Awami_League54" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Presidents of <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Awami_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladesh Awami League">Awami League</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_Khan_Bhashani" title="Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani">Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huseyn_Shaheed_Suhrawardy" title="Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy">Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawabzada_Nasrullah_Khan" title="Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan">Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syeda_Zohra_Tajuddin" title="Syeda Zohra Tajuddin">Syeda Zohra Tajuddin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Malek_Ukil" title="Abdul Malek Ukil">Abdul Malek Ukil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Hasina" title="Sheikh Hasina">Sheikh Hasina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bangladesh_articles577" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bangladesh_topics" title="Template:Bangladesh topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bangladesh_topics" title="Template talk:Bangladesh topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bangladesh_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bangladesh topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bangladesh_articles577" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Bangladesh" title="Outline of Bangladesh">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Bangladesh" title="History of Bangladesh">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Bangladeshi_history" title="Timeline of Bangladeshi history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Bangladesh#History_of_Bangladesh" title="Outline of Bangladesh">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bangladesh-related_topics" title="List of Bangladesh-related topics">Topics</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Bengal" title="History of Bengal">Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_aviation_in_Bangladesh" title="History of aviation in Bangladesh">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_literature" title="Bengali literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Bangladesh" title="Military history of Bangladesh">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_history_of_Bengal" title="Maritime history of Bengal">Maritime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Bangladesh" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Bangladesh">Postal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Bengal" title="List of rulers of Bengal">Rulers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bangladesh_tropical_cyclones" title="List of Bangladesh tropical cyclones">Cyclones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_years_in_Bangladesh" title="List of years in Bangladesh">Years</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ancient</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vedic_period" title="Vedic period">Vedic period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anga" title="Anga">Anga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanga_kingdom" title="Vanga kingdom">Vanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pundra_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Pundra Kingdom">Pundra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suhma_kingdom" title="Suhma kingdom">Suhma kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magadha_(Mahajanapada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Magadha (Mahajanapada)">Magadha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pradyota_dynasty" title="Pradyota dynasty">Pradyota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaishunaga_dynasty" title="Shaishunaga dynasty">Shaishunaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanda_Empire" title="Nanda Empire">Nanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangaridai" title="Gangaridai">Gangaridai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurya_Empire" title="Maurya Empire">Maurya Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shunga_Empire" title="Shunga Empire">Shunga Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanva_dynasty" title="Kanva dynasty">Kanva dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gupta_Empire" title="Gupta Empire">Gupta Empire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Classical and Medieval</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Founding kingdom: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gauda_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Gauda Kingdom">Gauda Kingdom</a></li></ul></li> <li>Classical empires: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pala_Empire" title="Pala Empire">Pala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamboja_Pala_dynasty" title="Kamboja Pala dynasty">Kamboja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sena_dynasty" title="Sena dynasty">Sena</a></li></ul></li> <li>Sultanates: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_rulers_in_the_Indian_subcontinent" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic rulers in the Indian subcontinent">Islamic rulers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_Sultanate" title="Delhi Sultanate">Delhi Sultanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalji_dynasty" title="Khalji dynasty">Khalji dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Sultanate" title="Bengal Sultanate">Bengal Sultanate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sur_Empire" title="Sur Empire">Sur Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baro-Bhuyan" title="Baro-Bhuyan">Baro-Bhuyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal period:</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Subah" title="Bengal Subah">Bengal Subah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawabs_of_Bengal" title="Nawabs of Bengal">Nawabs of Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Plassey" title="Battle of Plassey">Battle of Plassey</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_British_Raj" title="History of the British Raj">Colonial</a> and Pakistan era</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_settlement_in_Chittagong" title="Portuguese settlement in Chittagong">Portuguese Bengala</a></li> <li>British Bengal: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Bengal_famine_of_1770" title="Great Bengal famine of 1770">Famine of 1770</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857" title="Indian Rebellion of 1857">Sepoy Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Renaissance" title="Bengal Renaissance">Bengal Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1905)" title="Partition of Bengal (1905)">Partition of Bengal (1905)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bengal" title="Prime Minister of Bengal">Prime Minister of Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahore_Resolution" title="Lahore Resolution">Lahore Resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_famine_of_1943" title="Bengal famine of 1943">Famine of 1943</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_Action_Day" title="Direct Action Day">Direct Action Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1947)" title="Partition of Bengal (1947)">Partition of Bengal (1947)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Pakistan" title="East Pakistan">East Pakistan</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_language_movement" title="Bengali language movement">Language Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Bengali_legislative_election,_1954" class="mw-redirect" title="East Bengali legislative election, 1954">Legislative election in 1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six_point_movement" title="Six point movement">Six point movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_Mass_uprising_in_East_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="1969 Mass uprising in East Pakistan">1969 Uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_general_election,_1970" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistani general election, 1970">General election in 1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Bangladeshi_Independence" title="Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence">Proclamation of Independence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">Bangladesh Liberation War</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Bangladesh" title="Provisional Government of Bangladesh">Provisional Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Bangladesh_genocide" class="mw-redirect" title="1971 Bangladesh genocide">Genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_during_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Rape during the Bangladesh Liberation War">Rape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Timeline of the Bangladesh Liberation War">Timeline</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Bangladesh_after_independence" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Bangladesh after independence">Republic of Bangladesh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_famine_of_1974" title="Bangladesh famine of 1974">Famine of 1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_coups_in_Bangladesh" title="Military coups in Bangladesh">Military coups</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Ziaur_Rahman" title="Assassination of Ziaur Rahman">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Bangladesh_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" class="mw-redirect" title="1982 Bangladesh coup d'état">1982</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Mass_Uprising_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="1990 Mass Uprising in Bangladesh">1990 Uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006%E2%80%9308_Bangladeshi_political_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2006–08 Bangladeshi political crisis">Political crisis in 2006–08</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Rifles_revolt" title="Bangladesh Rifles revolt">Bangladesh Rifles revolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Begums" title="Battle of Begums">Battle of Begums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Bangladesh_violence" title="2013 Bangladesh violence">Protests in 2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student%E2%80%93People%27s_uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="Student–People's uprising">Student–People's uprising</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Bangladesh_quota_reform_movement" title="2024 Bangladesh quota reform movement">Quota reform movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-cooperation_movement_(2024)" title="Non-cooperation movement (2024)">Non-cooperation movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_massacre" title="July massacre">Massacre</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative divisions of Bangladesh">Regional</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chittagong" title="History of Chittagong">Chittagong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dhaka" title="History of Dhaka">Dhaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Jessore" title="History of Jessore">Jessore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Noakhali" title="History of Noakhali">Noakhali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Rangpur" title="History of Rangpur">Rangpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sylhet" title="History of Sylhet">Sylhet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Bangladesh" title="Geography of Bangladesh">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_geography_of_Bangladesh" title="Administrative geography of Bangladesh">Administrative:</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_Bangladesh" title="Divisions of Bangladesh">Divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="List of districts of Bangladesh">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upazilas_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Upazilas of Bangladesh">Sub-districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Bangladesh" title="List of cities and towns in Bangladesh">Cities and towns</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Borders_of_Bangladesh" title="Template:Borders of Bangladesh">Borders</a></li> <li>Nature: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Islands_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Islands of Bangladesh">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lakes_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Lakes of Bangladesh">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mountains_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Mountains of Bangladesh">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Parks_in_Bangladesh" title="Category:Parks in Bangladesh">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Bangladesh" title="List of rivers of Bangladesh">Rivers</a></li></ul></li> <li>Places: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal" title="Bay of Bengal">Bay of Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Fan" title="Bengal Fan">Bengal Fan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittagong_Hill_Tracts" title="Chittagong Hill Tracts">Chittagong Hill Tracts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cox%27s_Bazar" title="Cox's Bazar">Cox's Bazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges_Basin" title="Ganges Basin">Ganges Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges_Delta" title="Ganges Delta">Ganges Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatirjheel" title="Hatirjheel">Hatirjheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundarbans" title="Sundarbans">Sundarbans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Bangladesh" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Bangladesh">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Bangladesh" title="Politics of Bangladesh">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Bangladesh" title="Government of Bangladesh">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Executive: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Bangladesh" title="President of Bangladesh">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Bangladesh" title="List of presidents of Bangladesh">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bangladesh" title="Prime Minister of Bangladesh">Prime Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Bangladesh" title="List of prime ministers of Bangladesh">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Bangladesh" title="Cabinet of Bangladesh">Cabinet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Bangladesh" title="Elections in Bangladesh">Elections</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Election_Commission" title="Bangladesh Election Commission">Election Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:General_elections_in_Bangladesh" title="Category:General elections in Bangladesh">General elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_elections_in_Bangladesh" title="Presidential elections in Bangladesh">Presidential elections</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Bangladesh" title="List of political parties in Bangladesh">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Bangladesh" title="Foreign relations of Bangladesh">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign policy of Bangladesh">Foreign policies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatiya_Sangsad" title="Jatiya Sangsad">Jatiya Sangsad</a> (parliament): <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliamentary_constituencies_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliamentary constituencies in Bangladesh">Constituencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Jatiya_Sangsad" title="Speaker of the Jatiya Sangsad">Speaker</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Bangladesh" title="Local government in Bangladesh">Local government</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_City_Corporations_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="List of City Corporations of Bangladesh">City corporations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Municipal_Corporations_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Municipal Corporations of Bangladesh">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upazilas_of_Bangladesh#Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Upazilas of Bangladesh">Upazila Parishads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_councils_of_Bangladesh" title="Union councils of Bangladesh">Union councils</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laws_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Laws in Bangladesh">Law</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Bangladesh" title="Constitution of Bangladesh">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Bangladesh" title="Supreme Court of Bangladesh">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Court_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="High Court Division">High Court Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Crimes_Tribunal_(Bangladesh)" title="International Crimes Tribunal (Bangladesh)">International Crimes Tribunal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_Bangladesh" title="Chief Justice of Bangladesh">Chief Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Bangladesh" title="Attorney General of Bangladesh">Attorney General</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Bangladesh" title="Human rights in Bangladesh">Human rights</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forced_disappearance_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Forced disappearance in Bangladesh">Forced disappearance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_Bangladesh" title="Freedom of religion in Bangladesh">Freedom of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Bangladesh">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Bangladesh" title="Women in Bangladesh">Women</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Military" title="Military">Military</a> and <a href="/wiki/Category:Law_enforcement_in_Bangladesh" title="Category:Law enforcement in Bangladesh">enforcement</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Armed_Forces" title="Bangladesh Armed Forces">Armed Forces</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Army" title="Bangladesh Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Navy" title="Bangladesh Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Air_Force" title="Bangladesh Air Force">Air Force</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Paramilitary_forces_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Paramilitary forces of Bangladesh">Paramilitary</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Border_Guards_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Border Guards Bangladesh">Border Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Coast_Guard" title="Bangladesh Coast Guard">Coast Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Ansar" title="Bangladesh Ansar">Ansar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Village_Defence_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Village Defence Party">Village Defence Party</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_Guard_Regiment" title="President Guard Regiment">President Guard Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Security_Force" title="Special Security Force">Special Security Force</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_intelligence_community" title="Bangladeshi intelligence community">Intelligence</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Intelligence" title="National Security Intelligence">NSI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate_General_of_Forces_Intelligence" title="Directorate General of Forces Intelligence">DGFI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter_Terrorism_and_Intelligence_Bureau" title="Counter Terrorism and Intelligence Bureau">CTIB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Branch_(Bangladesh)" title="Special Branch (Bangladesh)">Special Branch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Police" title="Bangladesh Police">Police</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Police_Battalion" title="Armed Police Battalion">APBn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_Investigation_Department_(Bangladesh)" title="Criminal Investigation Department (Bangladesh)">CID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter_Terrorism_and_Transnational_Crime" title="Counter Terrorism and Transnational Crime">CTTC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Police Bureau of Investigation">PBI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_Action_Battalion" title="Rapid Action Battalion">RAB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Security_and_Protection_Battalion" title="Special Security and Protection Battalion">SPBn</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bangladesh" title="Economy of Bangladesh">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Planning_Commission" title="Bangladesh Planning Commission">Bangladesh Planning Commission</a></li> <li>Industries: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Automotive industry in Bangladesh">Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceramics_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Ceramics industry in Bangladesh">Ceramics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronics_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Electronics industry in Bangladesh">Electronics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Food industry in Bangladesh">Food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Pharmaceutical industry in Bangladesh">Pharmaceutical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Textile industry in Bangladesh">Textile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shipbuilding_in_Bangladesh" title="Shipbuilding in Bangladesh">Shipbuilding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steel_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Steel industry in Bangladesh">Steel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_production_in_Bangladesh" title="Tea production in Bangladesh">Tea production</a></li></ul></li> <li>Finance sectors: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Bangladesh" title="Banking in Bangladesh">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Bank" title="Bangladesh Bank">Bangladesh Bank (central bank)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_taka" title="Bangladeshi taka">Bangladeshi taka (currency)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_system_in_Bangladesh" title="Financial system in Bangladesh">Financial system</a></li></ul></li> <li>Stock Exchange: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chittagong_Stock_Exchange" title="Chittagong Stock Exchange">Chittagong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhaka_Stock_Exchange" title="Dhaka Stock Exchange">Dhaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Bangladesh_share_market_scam" title="2011 Bangladesh share market scam">2011 scam</a></li></ul></li> <li>Energy and resources: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_Bangladesh" title="Energy policy of Bangladesh">Energy policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_Bangladesh" title="Electricity sector in Bangladesh">Electricity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_gas_and_petroleum_in_Bangladesh" title="Natural gas and petroleum in Bangladesh">Natural gas and petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_energy_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear energy in Bangladesh">Nuclear energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Bangladesh" title="Renewable energy in Bangladesh">Renewable energy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Export_Processing_Zone_Authority" title="Bangladesh Export Processing Zone Authority">Export Processing Zones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Bangladesh" title="Agriculture in Bangladesh">Agriculture</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rice_production_in_Bangladesh" title="Rice production in Bangladesh">Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poultry_farming_in_Bangladesh" title="Poultry farming in Bangladesh">Poultry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Fishing in Bangladesh">Fishing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestry_in_Bangladesh" title="Forestry in Bangladesh">Forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Bangladesh" title="Tourism in Bangladesh">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_Bangladesh" title="Poverty in Bangladesh">Poverty</a></li> <li>Infrastructure: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Post_Office" title="Bangladesh Post Office">Post</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Bangladesh" title="Telecommunications in Bangladesh">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_in_Bangladesh" title="Real estate in Bangladesh">Real estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Bangladesh" title="Water supply and sanitation in Bangladesh">Water supply and sanitation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Bangladesh" title="Transport in Bangladesh">Transport</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_Bangladesh" title="List of airports in Bangladesh">Airports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airlines_of_Bangladesh" title="List of airlines of Bangladesh">Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Railway" title="Bangladesh Railway">Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_roads_in_Bangladesh" title="List of roads in Bangladesh">Roads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ports_and_harbours_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Ports and harbours of Bangladesh">Ports</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Society of Bangladesh">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Bangladesh" title="Demographics of Bangladesh">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic groups in Bangladesh">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshis" title="Bangladeshis">Bangladeshis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengalis" title="Bengalis">Bengalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladeshi name">Names</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Bangladesh" title="Crime in Bangladesh">Crime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Bangladesh" title="Corruption in Bangladesh">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Bangladesh" title="Human trafficking in Bangladesh">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_Bangladesh" title="Terrorism in Bangladesh">Terrorism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Bangladesh" title="Education in Bangladesh">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Bangladesh" title="List of schools in Bangladesh">Schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Bangladesh" title="List of universities in Bangladesh">Universities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Bangladesh" title="Health in Bangladesh">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunger_in_Bangladesh" title="Hunger in Bangladesh">Hunger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bangladesh" title="Religion in Bangladesh">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_society" title="Bangladeshi society">Society</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Bangladesh" title="Culture of Bangladesh">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Bangladesh" title="Architecture of Bangladesh">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangaliana" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangaliana">Bangaliana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baul" title="Baul">Baul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_nationalism" title="Bangladeshi nationalism">Bangladeshi nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_nationalism" title="Bengali nationalism">Bengalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendars" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali calendars">Calendars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Bangladesh" title="Cinema of Bangladesh">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_cuisine" title="Bangladeshi cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_studies" title="Bengal studies">Bengal studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_literature" title="Bengali literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Bangladesh" title="Music of Bangladesh">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Bangladesh" title="Public holidays in Bangladesh">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Bangladesh" title="Sport in Bangladesh">Sports</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_traditional_games" title="Bengali traditional games">Traditional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_theatre" title="Bengali theatre">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Bangladesh" title="List of radio stations in Bangladesh">Radio stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Bangladesh" title="Television in Bangladesh">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_Bangladesh" title="Sexuality in Bangladesh">Sexuality</a></li> <li>Marriage</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Bangladesh" title="National symbols of Bangladesh">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amar_Shonar_Bangla" class="mw-redirect" title="Amar Shonar Bangla">Amar Shonar Bangla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangamata" title="Bangamata">Bangamata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_fire" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengal fire">Bengal fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_tiger" title="Bengal tiger">Bengal tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bungalow" title="Bungalow">Bungalow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Bangladesh" title="Flag of Bangladesh">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Seal_of_Bangladesh" title="Government Seal of Bangladesh">Government Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilish" title="Ilish">Ilish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackfruit" title="Jackfruit">Jackfruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabaddi" title="Kabaddi">Kabaddi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_cat" title="Bengal cat">Bengal cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangifera_indica" title="Mangifera indica">Mango tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Emblem_of_Bangladesh" title="National Emblem of Bangladesh">National Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Martyrs%27_Memorial" title="National Martyrs' Memorial">National Martyrs' Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notuner_Gaan" title="Notuner Gaan">Notuner Gaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_magpie-robin" title="Oriental magpie-robin">Oriental magpie-robin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymphaea_nouchali" title="Nymphaea nouchali">Water lily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bangladeshi_inventions_and_discoveries" title="List of Bangladeshi inventions and discoveries">Inventions and discoveries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Bangladesh" title="Outline of Bangladesh">Outline</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Bangladesh" title="Outline of Bangladesh">Index</a></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bangladesh" title="Category:Bangladesh">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Bangladesh" title="Portal:Bangladesh">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/19px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/29px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/38px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/21px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/32px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/42px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Bangladesh" title="Portal:Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/21px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/32px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/42px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Pakistan" title="Portal:Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/21px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/32px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/42px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:India" title="Portal:India">India</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/British_Empire_1897.jpg/21px-British_Empire_1897.jpg" decoding="async" width="21" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/British_Empire_1897.jpg/32px-British_Empire_1897.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/British_Empire_1897.jpg/42px-British_Empire_1897.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1116" data-file-height="849" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:British_Empire" title="Portal:British Empire">British Empire</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191375#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata3064" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191375#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata3064" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191375#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000116324729">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/45097605">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1802469/">FAST</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118748874">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81068854">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13554834z">France</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb135547727">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13554834z">BnF data</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb135547727">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/001211378">Japan</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an50892298">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0328918&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX5798275">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/1794012">Portugal</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p188278540">Netherlands</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/97040895">Norway</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/fp77mds8cf20mhdh">Sweden</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810692788605606">Poland</a></li><li><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/375511">Vatican</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007276757105171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA12057333?l=en">CiNii</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1526423">Trove</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118748874">DDB</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/072295686">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10569430">NARA</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6614tgr">SNAC</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/muciburrahman">İslâm Ansiklopedisi</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman&oldid=1276012296">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman&oldid=1276012296</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Category:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1920_births" title="Category:1920 births">1920 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1975_deaths" title="Category:1975 deaths">1975 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_Bengalis" title="Category:20th-century Bengalis">20th-century Bengalis</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_Muslims" title="Category:20th-century Muslims">20th-century Muslims</a></li><li><a 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1,\n [\"CITEREFKrebs1975\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKādira2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLifschultzBird1979\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLiton2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLudden2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMaidul_Islam2015\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFMalcolm_Browne1971\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFManik2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFManiruzzaman1976\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMascarenhas1986\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMeghna_Guhathakurta_and_Willem_van_Schendel2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMeghna_Guhathakurta_and_Willem_van_Schendel2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMilam2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMujibur_Rahman2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMukherjee2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNewsom1972\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNurul_Islam2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFO\u0026#039;Mahoney2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOldenburg1985\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFParkWheeler1954\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPike2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRahman2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRashiduzzaman2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRaybe2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSA_Karim2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSajen2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSakhawatullah2002\"] = 1,\n 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ministers of Bangladesh\"] = 1,\n [\"Redirect-multi\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"S-aft\"] = 3,\n [\"S-bef\"] = 2,\n [\"S-break\"] = 2,\n [\"S-end\"] = 1,\n [\"S-new\"] = 1,\n [\"S-off\"] = 1,\n [\"S-start\"] = 1,\n [\"S-ttl\"] = 3,\n [\"See also\"] = 8,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 25,\n [\"Sheikh Mujibur Rahman\"] = 1,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Sister project links\"] = 1,\n [\"Snd\"] = 9,\n [\"Symbols of Bangladesh\"] = 1,\n [\"URL\"] = 1,\n [\"Ubl\"] = 1,\n [\"Update-section\"] = 1,\n [\"Use Bangladeshi English\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 4,\n [\"Won\"] = 5,\n [\"YouTube\"] = 3,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","560","19.7"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","280","9.9"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","280","9.9"],["recursiveClone 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