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<!doctype html> <html lang=en> <head> <meta charset=utf-8> <title>Law - Ciro Santilli</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.10.1/css/all.min.css" integrity="sha512-9my9Mb2+0YO+I4PUCSwUYO7sEK21Y0STBAiFEYoWtd2VzLEZZ4QARDrZ30hdM1GlioHJ8o8cWQiy8IAb1hy/Hg==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"> <style>@import "_obb/dist/ourbigbook.css"; </style> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_raw/main.css"> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cirosantilli/media/master/ID_photo_of_Ciro_Santilli_taken_in_2013_square_398.jpg"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="brand-group"> <a href="." class="brand"><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cirosantilli/media/master/ID_photo_of_Ciro_Santilli_taken_in_2013_right_eye_200_100.jpg" loading="lazy" alt="ID photo of Ciro Santilli taken in 2013 right eye">Ciro Santilli</a> <a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli"><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cirosantilli/media/master/ourbigbook-logo-v1.svg" loading="lazy" alt="OurBigBook logo">OurBigBook.com</a> <a class="font-awesome-container" href="https://stackoverflow.com/users/895245"><i class="fab fa-stack-overflow fa-fw icon"></i></a> <a class="font-awesome-container" href="https://github.com/cirosantilli"><i class="fab fa-github fa-fw icon"></i></a> <a class="font-awesome-container" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/cirosantilli"><i class="fab fa-linkedin fa-fw icon"></i></a> <a class="font-awesome-container" href="https://www.youtube.com/c/CiroSantilli"><i class="fab fa-youtube fa-fw icon"></i></a> <a class="font-awesome-container" href="https://twitter.com/cirosantilli"><i class="fab fa-twitter fa-fw icon"></i></a> <a class="font-awesome-container" href="https://www.zhihu.com/people/cirosantilli/activities"><i class="fab fa-zhihu fa-fw icon"></i></a> <a class="font-awesome-container" href="https://www.weibo.com/p/1005055601627311"><i class="fab fa-weibo fa-fw icon"></i></a> <a href="sponsor"><span class="icon">$£</span> Sponsor</a> <a href="https://github.com/cirosantilli/china-dictatorship"><span class="icon">中国</span>独裁统治 China Dictatorship 新疆改造中心、六四事件、法轮功、郝海东、709大抓捕、2015巴拿马文件邓家贵、低端人口、西藏骚乱</a> </div> </header> <main class="ourbigbook"> <div class="h top" id="law"><div class="notnav"><h1><a href="law-split">Law</a></h1></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav ancestors"><a href="."><span title="Home" class="fa-solid-900 icon"></span> Home</a><a href="technology"> Technology</a><a href="technology#area-of-technology"> Area of technology</a><a href="social-technology"> Social technology</a></div><div class="nav"><a href="#_toc" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/law"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a><a class="split" href="law-split"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 972</span><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 70</span></span></div></nav></div><div class="toc-container" id="_toc"><ul><li class="has-child toplevel"><div class="title-div"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a class="title toc" href="#_toc"> Table of contents</a><input class="search" placeholder="🔍 Search. Shortcut: / (slash)"></input><span class="hover-metadata"><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> 972</span><span class="dcnt"> 70</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/area-of-law"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#area-of-law">Area of law</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="area-of-law"></a><a href="#_toc" class="u"> Law</a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> 45</span><span class="dcnt"> 8</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li><div id="_toc/competition-law"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#competition-law">Competition law</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="competition-law"></a><a href="#_toc/area-of-law" class="u"> Area of law</a></span></span></div></li><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/labour-law"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#labour-law">Labour law</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="labour-law"></a><a href="#_toc/area-of-law" class="u"> Area of law</a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> 35</span><span class="dcnt"> 2</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li><div id="_toc/employment"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#employment">Employment <span class="meta">(Employee)</span></a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="employment"></a><a href="#_toc/labour-law" class="u"> Labour law</a></span></span></div></li><li><div id="_toc/four-day-workweek"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#four-day-workweek">Four-day workweek</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="four-day-workweek"></a><a href="#_toc/labour-law" class="u"> Labour law</a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> 35</span></span></span></span></div></li></ul><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/property-law"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#property-law">Property law</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="property-law"></a><a href="#_toc/area-of-law" class="u"> Area of law</a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> 1</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li><div id="_toc/trust-law"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#trust-law">Trust <span class="meta">(law)</span></a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="trust-law"></a><a href="#_toc/property-law" class="u"> Property law</a></span></span></div></li></ul><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/intellectual-property"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#intellectual-property">Intellectual property <span class="meta">(IP)</span></a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="intellectual-property"></a><a href="#_toc/area-of-law" class="u"> Area of law</a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> 10</span><span class="dcnt"> 1</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li><div id="_toc/patent"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#patent">Patent</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="patent"></a><a href="#_toc/intellectual-property" class="u"> Intellectual property</a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> 10</span></span></span></span></div></li></ul></li></ul><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/crime"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#crime">Crime</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="crime"></a><a href="#_toc" class="u"> Law</a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> 15</span><span class="dcnt"> 11</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/fraud"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#fraud">Fraud</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="fraud"></a><a href="#_toc/crime" class="u"> Crime</a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> 4</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/fraudster"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#fraudster">Fraudster <span class="meta">(Scam artist)</span></a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="fraudster"></a><a href="#_toc/fraud" class="u"> Fraud</a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> 1</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li><div id="_toc/billy-mitchell-gamer"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#billy-mitchell-gamer">Billy Mitchell <span class="meta">(gamer)</span></a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="billy-mitchell-gamer"></a><a href="#_toc/fraudster" class="u"> Fraudster</a></span></span></div></li></ul><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/bait-and-switch"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#bait-and-switch">Bait-and-switch</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="bait-and-switch"></a><a href="#_toc/fraud" class="u"> Fraud</a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> 1</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li><div id="_toc/clickbait"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#clickbait">Clickbait</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="clickbait"></a><a href="#_toc/bait-and-switch" class="u"> Bait-and-switch</a></span></span></div></li></ul></li></ul><li><div id="_toc/organized-crime"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#organized-crime">Organized crime</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="organized-crime"></a><a href="#_toc/crime" class="u"> Crime</a></span></span></div></li><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/punishment"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#punishment">Punishment</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="punishment"></a><a href="#_toc/crime" class="u"> Crime</a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> 3</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li><div id="_toc/cangue"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#cangue">Cangue <span class="meta">(木枷)</span></a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="cangue"></a><a href="#_toc/punishment" class="u"> Punishment</a></span></span></div></li><li><div id="_toc/crucifixion"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#crucifixion">Crucifixion</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="crucifixion"></a><a href="#_toc/punishment" class="u"> Punishment</a></span></span></div></li><li><div id="_toc/kin-punishment"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#kin-punishment">Kin punishment</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="kin-punishment"></a><a href="#_toc/punishment" class="u"> Punishment</a></span></span></div></li></ul><li><div id="_toc/theft"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#theft">Theft</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="theft"></a><a href="#_toc/crime" class="u"> Crime</a></span></span></div></li></ul><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/freedom-of-speech"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#freedom-of-speech">Freedom of speech</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="freedom-of-speech"></a><a href="#_toc" class="u"> Law</a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> 305</span><span class="dcnt"> 1</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li><div id="_toc/censorship"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#censorship">Censorship</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="censorship"></a><a href="#_toc/freedom-of-speech" class="u"> Freedom of speech</a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> 9</span></span></span></span></div></li></ul><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/law-enforcement"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#law-enforcement">Law enforcement</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="law-enforcement"></a><a href="#_toc" class="u"> Law</a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> 1</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li><div id="_toc/police"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#police">Police</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="police"></a><a href="#_toc/law-enforcement" class="u"> Law enforcement</a></span></span></div></li></ul><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/license"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#license">License</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="license"></a><a href="#_toc" class="u"> Law</a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> 607</span><span class="dcnt"> 44</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/copyright"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#copyright">Copyright</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="copyright"></a><a href="#_toc/license" class="u"> License</a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> 2</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li><div id="_toc/derivative-work"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#derivative-work">Derivative work</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="derivative-work"></a><a href="#_toc/copyright" class="u"> Copyright</a></span></span></div></li><li><div id="_toc/digital-millennium-copyright-act"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#digital-millennium-copyright-act">Digital Millennium Copyright Act <span class="meta">(DMCA)</span></a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="digital-millennium-copyright-act"></a><a href="#_toc/copyright" class="u"> Copyright</a></span></span></div></li></ul><li><div id="_toc/freedom-of-panorama"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#freedom-of-panorama">Freedom of panorama</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="freedom-of-panorama"></a><a href="#_toc/license" class="u"> License</a></span></span></div></li><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/free-license"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#free-license">Free license</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="free-license"></a><a href="#_toc/license" class="u"> License</a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> 537</span><span class="dcnt"> 27</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li><div id="_toc/open-license"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#open-license">Open license</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="open-license"></a><a href="#_toc/free-license" class="u"> Free license</a></span></span></div></li><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/creative-commons-license"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#creative-commons-license">Creative Commons license</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="creative-commons-license"></a><a href="#_toc/free-license" class="u"> Free license</a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> 335</span><span class="dcnt"> 14</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li><div id="_toc/cc0"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#cc0">CC0</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="cc0"></a><a href="#_toc/creative-commons-license" class="u"> Creative Commons license</a></span></span></div></li><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/cc-by"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#cc-by">CC BY</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="cc-by"></a><a href="#_toc/creative-commons-license" class="u"> Creative Commons license</a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> 3</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li class="has-child"><div 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href="#cc-by-sa">CC BY-SA</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="cc-by-sa"></a><a href="#_toc/creative-commons-license" class="u"> Creative Commons license</a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> 46</span><span class="dcnt"> 1</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li><div id="_toc/cc-by-sa-4-0"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#cc-by-sa-4-0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="cc-by-sa-4-0"></a><a href="#_toc/cc-by-sa" class="u"> CC BY-SA</a></span></span></div></li></ul><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/cc-by-nc-sa"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#cc-by-nc-sa">CC BY-NC-SA</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="cc-by-nc-sa"></a><a href="#_toc/creative-commons-license" class="u"> Creative Commons license</a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> 289</span><span class="dcnt"> 6</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/cc-by-nc-sa-version"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#cc-by-nc-sa-version">CC BY-NC-SA version</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="cc-by-nc-sa-version"></a><a href="#_toc/cc-by-nc-sa" class="u"> CC BY-NC-SA</a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> 2</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li><div id="_toc/cc-by-nc-sa-2-0"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#cc-by-nc-sa-2-0">CC BY-NC-SA 2.0</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="cc-by-nc-sa-2-0"></a><a href="#_toc/cc-by-nc-sa-version" class="u"> CC BY-NC-SA version</a></span></span></div></li><li><div id="_toc/cc-by-nc-sa-4-0"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#cc-by-nc-sa-4-0">CC BY-NC-SA 4.0</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="cc-by-nc-sa-4-0"></a><a href="#_toc/cc-by-nc-sa-version" class="u"> CC BY-NC-SA version</a></span></span></div></li></ul><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/cc-by-nc-nd"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#cc-by-nc-nd">CC BY-NC-ND</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="cc-by-nc-nd"></a><a href="#_toc/cc-by-nc-sa" class="u"> CC BY-NC-SA</a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> 2</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/cc-by-nc-nd-4-0"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#cc-by-nc-nd-4-0">CC BY-NC-ND 4.0</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="cc-by-nc-nd-4-0"></a><a href="#_toc/cc-by-nc-nd" class="u"> CC BY-NC-ND</a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> 1</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li><div id="_toc/cc-by-nc-nd-4-0-table-of-contents"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#cc-by-nc-nd-4-0-table-of-contents">CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 table of contents</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" 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class="not-arrow"><a href="#public-domain-dedication">Public domain dedication</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="public-domain-dedication"></a><a href="#_toc/public-domain" class="u"> Public domain</a></span></span></div></li><li><div id="_toc/public-domain-in-the-united-states"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#public-domain-in-the-united-states">Public domain in the United States</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="public-domain-in-the-united-states"></a><a href="#_toc/public-domain" class="u"> Public domain</a></span></span></div></li><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/public-domain-by-year"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#public-domain-by-year">Public domain by year</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="public-domain-by-year"></a><a href="#_toc/public-domain" class="u"> Public domain</a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> 156</span><span 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href="#public-domain-archive">Public domain archive</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="public-domain-archive"></a><a href="#_toc/public-domain" class="u"> Public domain</a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> 46</span><span class="dcnt"> 3</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/project-gutenberg"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#project-gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="project-gutenberg"></a><a href="#_toc/public-domain-archive" class="u"> Public domain archive</a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> 46</span><span class="dcnt"> 1</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li><div id="_toc/project-gutenberg-remove-line-breaks"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#project-gutenberg-remove-line-breaks">Project Gutenberg remove line breaks</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" 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class="not-arrow"><a href="#apache-license">Apache License <span class="meta">(2004)</span></a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="apache-license"></a><a href="#_toc/software-license" class="u"> Software license</a></span></span></div></li><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/gnu-general-public-license"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#gnu-general-public-license">GNU General Public License <span class="meta">(GPL)</span></a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="gnu-general-public-license"></a><a href="#_toc/software-license" class="u"> Software license</a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> 60</span><span class="dcnt"> 3</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li><div id="_toc/gpl-software"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#gpl-software">GPL software</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="gpl-software"></a><a href="#_toc/gnu-general-public-license" class="u"> GNU General Public License</a></span></span></div></li><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/affero-general-public-license"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#affero-general-public-license">Affero General Public License</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="affero-general-public-license"></a><a href="#_toc/gnu-general-public-license" class="u"> GNU General Public License</a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> 60</span><span class="dcnt"> 1</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li><div id="_toc/server-side-public-license"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#server-side-public-license">Server Side Public License <span class="meta">(SSPL)</span></a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="server-side-public-license"></a><a href="#_toc/affero-general-public-license" class="u"> Affero General Public License</a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> 60</span></span></span></span></div></li></ul></li></ul><li><div id="_toc/freeware"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#freeware">Freeware</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="freeware"></a><a href="#_toc/software-license" class="u"> Software license</a></span></span></div></li><li><div id="_toc/freemium"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#freemium">Freemium</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="freemium"></a><a href="#_toc/software-license" class="u"> Software license</a></span></span></div></li><li><div id="_toc/mit-license"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#mit-license">MIT License</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="mit-license"></a><a href="#_toc/software-license" class="u"> Software license</a></span></span></div></li><li><div id="_toc/proprietary-software"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#proprietary-software">Proprietary software</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="proprietary-software"></a><a href="#_toc/software-license" class="u"> Software license</a></span></span></div></li><li class="has-child"><div id="_toc/software-license-that-starts-closed-and-becomes-open-once-a-certain-amount-of-money-is-raised"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#software-license-that-starts-closed-and-becomes-open-once-a-certain-amount-of-money-is-raised">Software license that starts closed and becomes open once a certain amount of money is raised</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="software-license-that-starts-closed-and-becomes-open-once-a-certain-amount-of-money-is-raised"></a><a href="#_toc/software-license" class="u"> Software license</a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> 10</span><span class="dcnt"> 1</span></span></span></span></div><ul><li><div id="_toc/sponsorware"><div class="arrow"><div></div></div><span class="not-arrow"><a href="#sponsorware">Sponsorware</a><span class="hover-metadata"><a class="split" href="sponsorware"></a><a href="#_toc/software-license-that-starts-closed-and-becomes-open-once-a-certain-amount-of-money-is-raised" class="u"> Software license that starts closed and becomes open once a certain amount of money is raised</a></span></span></div></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="h" id="area-of-law"><div class="notnav"><h2><a href="area-of-law">Area of law</a></h2><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="area-of-law"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 45</span><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 8</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="" class="u"> Law</a><a href="#_toc/area-of-law" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/area-of-law"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="competition-law"><div class="notnav"><h3><a href="competition-law">Competition law</a></h3><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="competition-law"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#area-of-law" class="u"> Area of law</a><a href="#_toc/competition-law" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/competition-law"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="labour-law"><div class="notnav"><h3><a href="labour-law">Labour law</a></h3><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="labour-law"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 35</span><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 2</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#area-of-law" class="u"> Area of law</a><a href="#_toc/labour-law" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_law" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/labour-law"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="employment"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="employment">Employment <span class="meta">(Employee)</span></a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="employment"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#labour-law" class="u"> Labour law</a><a href="#_toc/employment" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Employment" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/employment"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="four-day-workweek"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="four-day-workweek">Four-day workweek</a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="four-day-workweek"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 35</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#labour-law" class="u"> Labour law</a><a href="#_toc/four-day-workweek" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-day_workweek" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/four-day-workweek"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a><span class="tags"> Tags: <a href="cirism#good">Good</a></span></div></nav></div><div class="p" id="_3">We need this. The five day week is designed to suck all the mental life of an average mental worker person, and it leaves basically nothing if they "do their job really well".</div><div class="p" id="_4">Advocacy groups:<div class="list"><ul id="_5"><li id="_6"><a href="https://www.4dayweek.com">www.4dayweek.com</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="h" id="property-law"><div class="notnav"><h3><a href="property-law">Property law</a></h3><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="property-law"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 1</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#area-of-law" class="u"> Area of law</a><a href="#_toc/property-law" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Property_law" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/property-law"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="trust-law"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="trust-law">Trust <span class="meta">(law)</span></a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="trust-law"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#property-law" class="u"> Property law</a><a href="#_toc/trust-law" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/trust-law"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="intellectual-property"><div class="notnav"><h3><a href="intellectual-property">Intellectual property <span class="meta">(IP)</span></a></h3><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="intellectual-property"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 10</span><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 1</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#area-of-law" class="u"> Area of law</a><a href="#_toc/intellectual-property" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_property" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/intellectual-property"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="patent"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="patent">Patent</a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="patent"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 10</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#intellectual-property" class="u"> Intellectual property</a><a href="#_toc/patent" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/patent"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="figure"><figure id="image-user-operated-amusement-apparatus-for-kicking-the-user-s-buttocks-figure-5"><div class="float-wrap"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230121100526/https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/2d/d5/b5/ecd3eb157a4087/US06293874-20010925-D00000.png"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230121100526/https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/2d/d5/b5/ecd3eb157a4087/US06293874-20010925-D00000.png" loading="lazy" height="315"></a></div><figcaption><a href="#image-user-operated-amusement-apparatus-for-kicking-the-user-s-buttocks-figure-5"><span class="caption-prefix">Figure 1. </span></a><div class="title">User-operated amusement apparatus for kicking the user's buttocks figure 5</div>. <a href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US6293874B1/en">Source</a>. </figcaption></figure></div><div class="h" id="crime"><div class="notnav"><h2><a href="crime">Crime</a></h2><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="crime"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 15</span><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 11</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="" class="u"> Law</a><a href="#_toc/crime" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crime" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/crime"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="figure"><figure id="video-fbi-vs-un-defuseable-bomb-by-qxir-2021"><div class="float-wrap"><iframe width="560" height="315" loading="lazy" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/kGo959uECTM" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe></div><figcaption><a href="#video-fbi-vs-un-defuseable-bomb-by-qxir-2021"><span class="caption-prefix">Video 1. </span></a><div class="title"><a href="united-states#federal-bureau-of-investigation">FBI</a> vs Un-Defuseable Bomb by Qxir (2021)</div> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kGo959uECTM">Source</a>. Tells the story of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvey%27s_Resort_Hotel_bombing">Harvey's Resort Hotel bombing</a> (1980)</figcaption></figure></div><div class="p"><b><span title="Tags" class="fa-solid-900 icon"></span> Tagged</b><div class="list"><ul><li><a href="computer#cybercrime">Cybercrime</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="h" id="fraud"><div class="notnav"><h3><a href="fraud">Fraud</a></h3><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="fraud"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 4</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#crime" class="u"> Crime</a><a href="#_toc/fraud" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraud" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/fraud"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="fraudster"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="fraudster">Fraudster <span class="meta">(Scam artist)</span></a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="fraudster"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 1</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#fraud" class="u"> Fraud</a><a href="#_toc/fraudster" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/fraudster"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="p"><b><span title="Tags" class="fa-solid-900 icon"></span> Tagged</b><div class="list"><ul><li><a href="cryptocurrency#alex-elbanna">Alex Elbanna</a></li><li><a href="cryptocurrency#craig-steven-wright">Craig Steven Wright</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="h" id="billy-mitchell-gamer"><div class="notnav"><h5><a href="billy-mitchell-gamer">Billy Mitchell <span class="meta">(gamer)</span></a></h5><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="billy-mitchell-gamer"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#fraudster" class="u"> Fraudster</a><a href="#_toc/billy-mitchell-gamer" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/billy-mitchell-gamer"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="bait-and-switch"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="bait-and-switch">Bait-and-switch</a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="bait-and-switch"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 1</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#fraud" class="u"> Fraud</a><a href="#_toc/bait-and-switch" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bait-and-switch" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/bait-and-switch"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="clickbait"><div class="notnav"><h5><a href="clickbait">Clickbait</a></h5><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="clickbait"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#bait-and-switch" class="u"> Bait-and-switch</a><a href="#_toc/clickbait" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clickbait" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/clickbait"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="organized-crime"><div class="notnav"><h3><a href="organized-crime">Organized crime</a></h3><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="organized-crime"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#crime" class="u"> Crime</a><a href="#_toc/organized-crime" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organized_crime" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/organized-crime"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="punishment"><div class="notnav"><h3><a href="punishment">Punishment</a></h3><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="punishment"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 3</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#crime" class="u"> Crime</a><a href="#_toc/punishment" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punishment" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/punishment"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="cangue"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="cangue">Cangue <span class="meta">(木枷)</span></a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="cangue"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#punishment" class="u"> Punishment</a><a href="#_toc/cangue" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cangue" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/cangue"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="crucifixion"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="crucifixion">Crucifixion</a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="crucifixion"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#punishment" class="u"> Punishment</a><a href="#_toc/crucifixion" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crucifixion" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/crucifixion"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="kin-punishment"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="kin-punishment">Kin punishment</a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="kin-punishment"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#punishment" class="u"> Punishment</a><a href="#_toc/kin-punishment" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kin_punishment" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/kin-punishment"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="theft"><div class="notnav"><h3><a href="theft">Theft</a></h3><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="theft"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#crime" class="u"> Crime</a><a href="#_toc/theft" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theft" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/theft"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="freedom-of-speech"><div class="notnav"><h2><a href="freedom-of-speech">Freedom of speech</a></h2><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="freedom-of-speech"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 305</span><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 1</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="" class="u"> Law</a><a href="#_toc/freedom-of-speech" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_speech" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/freedom-of-speech"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="p" id="_10">For <a href="ciro-santilli">Ciro Santilli</a>'s campaign for freedom of speech in China: <a href="the-most-important-projects-done-by-ciro-santilli#ciro-santilli-s-campaign-for-freedom-of-speech-in-china">Section "github.com/cirosantilli/china-dictatorship"</a>.</div><div class="p" id="_11">Ciro has the radical opinion that absolute freedom of speech must be guaranteed by <a href="">law</a> for anyone to talk about absolutely anything, anonymously if they wish, with the exception only of copyright-related infringement.</div><div class="p" id="_12">And Ciro believes that there should be no age restriction of access to any information.</div><div class="p" id="_13">People should be only be punished for actions that they actually do in the real world. Not even purportedly planning those actions must be punished. Access and ability to publish information must be completely and totally free.</div><div class="p" id="_14">If you don't like someone, you should just block them, or start your own campaign to prepare a counter for whatever it is that they are want to do.</div><div class="p" id="_15">This freedom does not need to apply to citizens and organizations of other countries, only to citizens of the country in question, since foreign governments can create influence campaigns to affect the rights of your citizens. More info at: <a href="https://cirosantilli.com/china-dictatorship/mark-government-controlled-social-media">cirosantilli.com/china-dictatorship/mark-government-controlled-social-media</a></div><div class="p" id="_16">Limiting foreign influence therefore requires some kind of nationality check, which could harm <a href="cryptography#anonymity">anonymity</a>. But Ciro believes that almost certainly such checks can be carried out in anonymous blockchain consensus based mechanisms. Governments would issues nationality tokens, and tokens are used for anonymous confirmations of rights in a way that only the token owner, not even the government, can determine who used the token. E.g. something a bit like what <a href="cryptocurrency#monero">Monero</a> does. Rights could be checked on a once per account basis, or yearly basis, so transaction costs should not be a big issue. Maybe expensive proof-of-work systems can be completely bypassed to the existence of this central token authority?</div><div class="p" id="_17">Some people believe that freedom of speech means "freedom of speech that I agree with". Those people should move to <a href="china">China</a> or some other <a href="social-technology#dictatorship">dictatorship</a>.</div><div class="p" id="_18">Related: <a href="https://cirosantilli.com/china-dictatorship/hate-speech">cirosantilli.com/china-dictatorship/hate-speech</a></div><div class="h" id="censorship"><div class="notnav"><h3><a href="censorship">Censorship</a></h3><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="censorship"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 9</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#freedom-of-speech" class="u"> Freedom of speech</a><a href="#_toc/censorship" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Censorship" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/censorship"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="p" id="_19">The opposite of <a href="#freedom-of-speech">freedom of speech</a>.</div><div class="p" id="_20">For <a href="the-most-important-projects-done-by-ciro-santilli#ciro-santilli-s-campaign-for-freedom-of-speech-in-china">censorship in China</a> see: <a href="https://cirosantilli.com/china-dictatorship/censorship">cirosantilli.com/china-dictatorship/censorship</a></div><div class="h" id="law-enforcement"><div class="notnav"><h2><a href="law-enforcement">Law enforcement</a></h2><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="law-enforcement"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 1</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="" class="u"> Law</a><a href="#_toc/law-enforcement" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_enforcement" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/law-enforcement"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="police"><div class="notnav"><h3><a href="police">Police</a></h3><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="police"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#law-enforcement" class="u"> Law enforcement</a><a href="#_toc/police" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/police"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="license"><div class="notnav"><h2><a href="license">License</a></h2><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="license"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 607</span><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 44</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="" class="u"> Law</a><a href="#_toc/license" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/License" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/license"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="copyright"><div class="notnav"><h3><a href="copyright">Copyright</a></h3><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="copyright"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 2</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#license" class="u"> License</a><a href="#_toc/copyright" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/copyright"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="derivative-work"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="derivative-work">Derivative work</a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="derivative-work"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#copyright" class="u"> Copyright</a><a href="#_toc/derivative-work" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derivative_work" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/derivative-work"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="digital-millennium-copyright-act"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="digital-millennium-copyright-act">Digital Millennium Copyright Act <span class="meta">(DMCA)</span></a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="digital-millennium-copyright-act"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#copyright" class="u"> Copyright</a><a href="#_toc/digital-millennium-copyright-act" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Millennium_Copyright_Act" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/digital-millennium-copyright-act"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="freedom-of-panorama"><div class="notnav"><h3><a href="freedom-of-panorama">Freedom of panorama</a></h3><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="freedom-of-panorama"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#license" class="u"> License</a><a href="#_toc/freedom-of-panorama" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_panorama" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/freedom-of-panorama"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="free-license"><div class="notnav"><h3><a href="free-license">Free license</a></h3><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="free-license"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 537</span><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 27</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#license" class="u"> License</a><a href="#_toc/free-license" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_license" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/free-license"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="open-license"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="open-license">Open license</a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="open-license"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#free-license" class="u"> Free license</a><a href="#_toc/open-license" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/open-license"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="p"><b><span title="Tags" class="fa-solid-900 icon"></span> Tagged</b><div class="list"><ul><li><a href="religion#freely-licensed-bibles">Freely licensed Bibles</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="h" id="creative-commons-license"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="creative-commons-license">Creative Commons license</a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="creative-commons-license"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 335</span><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 14</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#free-license" class="u"> Free license</a><a href="#_toc/creative-commons-license" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_license" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/creative-commons-license"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="cc0"><div class="notnav"><h5><a href="cc0">CC0</a></h5><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="cc0"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#creative-commons-license" class="u"> Creative Commons license</a><a href="#_toc/cc0" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/cc0"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a><span class="tags"> Tags: <a href="#public-domain-dedication">Public domain dedication</a></span></div></nav></div><div class="figure"><figure id="_23"><div class="float-wrap"><a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/CC0_button.svg"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/CC0_button.svg" loading="lazy" height="315"></a></div><figcaption><a href="#_23"><span class="caption-prefix">Figure 2. </span></a><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CC0_button.svg">Source</a>. </figcaption></figure></div><div class="h" id="cc-by"><div class="notnav"><h5><a href="cc-by">CC BY</a></h5><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="cc-by"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 3</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#creative-commons-license" class="u"> Creative Commons license</a><a href="#_toc/cc-by" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/cc-by"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="p"><b><span title="Tags" class="fa-solid-900 icon"></span> Tagged</b><div class="list"><ul><li><a href="university#the-distributed-university-for-sustainable-higher-education">The Distributed University for Sustainable Higher Education</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="h" id="cc-by-version"><div class="notnav"><h6><a href="cc-by-version">CC BY version</a></h6><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="cc-by-version"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 2</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#cc-by" class="u"> CC BY</a><a href="#_toc/cc-by-version" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/cc-by-version"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="cc-by-4-0"><div class="notnav"><h6 data-level="7"><a href="cc-by-4-0">CC BY 4.0</a></h6><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="cc-by-4-0"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#cc-by-version" class="u"> CC BY version</a><a href="#_toc/cc-by-4-0" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/cc-by-4-0"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="cc-by-3-0"><div class="notnav"><h6 data-level="7"><a href="cc-by-3-0">CC BY 3.0</a></h6><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="cc-by-3-0"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#cc-by-version" class="u"> CC BY version</a><a href="#_toc/cc-by-3-0" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/cc-by-3-0"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="cc-by-sa"><div class="notnav"><h5><a href="cc-by-sa">CC BY-SA</a></h5><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="cc-by-sa"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 46</span><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 1</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#creative-commons-license" class="u"> Creative Commons license</a><a href="#_toc/cc-by-sa" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/cc-by-sa"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="p" id="_24">This one strikes the right balance between restriction and permissions. NC and ND are simply too restrictive.</div><div class="p" id="_25">TODO where does the SA boundary end? E.g.:<div class="list"><ul id="_26"><li id="_27"><a href="software">software</a>: <a href="https://opensource.stackexchange.com/questions/173/what-do-i-need-to-share-if-i-include-cc-by-sa-artwork-in-my-software/11323#11323">opensource.stackexchange.com/questions/173/what-do-i-need-to-share-if-i-include-cc-by-sa-artwork-in-my-software/11323#11323</a></li><li id="_28"><a href="video-game">video game</a>:<div class="list"><ul id="_29"><li id="_30"><a href="https://gamedev.stackexchange.com/questions/92536/is-it-legal-to-use-creative-commons-art-in-a-commercial-game/189293#189293">gamedev.stackexchange.com/questions/92536/is-it-legal-to-use-creative-commons-art-in-a-commercial-game/189293#189293</a></li><li id="_31"><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/creativecommons/comments/5nn01q/using_sharealike_music_in_a_video_game_must_i/">www.reddit.com/r/creativecommons/comments/5nn01q/using_sharealike_music_in_a_video_game_must_i/</a></li></ul></div></li><li id="_32"><a href="website">website</a>: <a href="https://graphicdesign.stackexchange.com/questions/68805/using-cc-by-sa-3-0-images-in-website-does-share-alike-affect-my-websites-lice/145124#145124">graphicdesign.stackexchange.com/questions/68805/using-cc-by-sa-3-0-images-in-website-does-share-alike-affect-my-websites-lice/145124#145124</a></li><li id="_33">book: <a href="https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/48375/using-images-with-cc-by-sa-license-in-slides-or-a-thesis">academia.stackexchange.com/questions/48375/using-images-with-cc-by-sa-license-in-slides-or-a-thesis</a></li><li id="_34"><a href="music">music</a> in a podcast: <a href="https://opensource.stackexchange.com/questions/7022/using-cc-by-sa-music-in-a-podcast">opensource.stackexchange.com/questions/7022/using-cc-by-sa-music-in-a-podcast</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="p" id="_35">Does source code need to be redistributed: <a href="https://opensource.stackexchange.com/questions/1849/does-the-cc-by-sa-license-require-that-source-code-of-derivative-works-be-shared">opensource.stackexchange.com/questions/1849/does-the-cc-by-sa-license-require-that-source-code-of-derivative-works-be-shared</a></div><div class="p" id="_36">Case law list on the CC wiki: <a href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/wiki/Category:Case_Law">wiki.creativecommons.org/wiki/Category:Case_Law</a></div><div class="h" id="cc-by-sa-4-0"><div class="notnav"><h6><a href="cc-by-sa-4-0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a></h6><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="cc-by-sa-4-0"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#cc-by-sa" class="u"> CC BY-SA</a><a href="#_toc/cc-by-sa-4-0" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/cc-by-sa-4-0"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="cc-by-nc-sa"><div class="notnav"><h5><a href="cc-by-nc-sa">CC BY-NC-SA</a></h5><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="cc-by-nc-sa"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 289</span><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 6</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#creative-commons-license" class="u"> Creative Commons license</a><a href="#_toc/cc-by-nc-sa" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/cc-by-nc-sa"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a><span class="tags"> Tags: <a href="cirism#evil">Evil</a></span></div></nav></div><div class="p" id="_38">Too restrictive. People should be able to make money from stuff.</div><div class="p" id="_39">The definition of "commercial" could also be taken in extremely broad senses, making serious reuse risky in many applications.</div><div class="p" id="_40">Notably, many <a href="university">university</a> courses use it, notably <a href="university#mit-opencourseware">MIT OpenCourseWare</a>. Ciro wonders if it is because <a href="education#academia">academics</a> are wary of <a href="technology#industry">industry</a>, or if they want to make money from it themselves. This reminds Ciro of a documentary he watched about the origins of one an early <a href="web-technology#web-browser">web browsers</a> in some <a href="united-states">American</a> university. And then that university wanted to retain copyright to make money from it. But the PhDs made a separate company nonetheless. And someone from the company rightly said something along the lines of:<div><blockquote id="_41">The goal of <a href="university">universities</a> is to help create companies and to give back to society like that. Not to try and make money from inventions.</blockquote></div>TODO source.</div><div class="p" id="_42">The GNU project does not like it either <a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.en.html#CC-BY-NC">www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.en.html#CC-BY-NC</a>:<div><blockquote id="_43"><div class="p" id="_44">This license does not qualify as free, because there are restrictions on charging money for copies. Thus, we recommend you do not use this license for documentation.</div><div class="p" id="_45">In addition, it has a drawback for any sort of work: when a modified version has many authors, in practice getting permission for commercial use from all of them would become infeasible.</div></blockquote></div></div><div class="p" id="_46"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_NonCommercial_license#Defining_%22Noncommercial%22">en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_NonCommercial_license#Defining_%22Noncommercial%22</a> also talks about the obvious confusion this generates: nobody can agree what counts as commercial or not!<div><blockquote id="_47">In September 2009 Creative Commons published a report titled, "Defining 'Noncommercial'". The report featured survey data, analysis, and expert opinions on what "noncommercial" means, how it applied to contemporary media, and how people who share media interpret the term. The report found that in some aspects there was public agreement on the meaning of "noncommercial", but for other aspects, there is wide variation in expectation of what the term means.</blockquote></div></div><div class="p"><b><span title="Tags" class="fa-solid-900 icon"></span> Tagged</b><div class="list"><ul><li><a href="calculus#complex-analysis-by-juan-carlos-ponce-campuzano">Complex Analysis by Juan Carlos Ponce Campuzano</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="h" id="cc-by-nc-sa-version"><div class="notnav"><h6><a href="cc-by-nc-sa-version">CC BY-NC-SA version</a></h6><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="cc-by-nc-sa-version"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 2</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#cc-by-nc-sa" class="u"> CC BY-NC-SA</a><a href="#_toc/cc-by-nc-sa-version" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/cc-by-nc-sa-version"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="cc-by-nc-sa-2-0"><div class="notnav"><h6 data-level="7"><a href="cc-by-nc-sa-2-0">CC BY-NC-SA 2.0</a></h6><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="cc-by-nc-sa-2-0"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#cc-by-nc-sa-version" class="u"> CC BY-NC-SA version</a><a href="#_toc/cc-by-nc-sa-2-0" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/cc-by-nc-sa-2-0"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="cc-by-nc-sa-4-0"><div class="notnav"><h6 data-level="7"><a href="cc-by-nc-sa-4-0">CC BY-NC-SA 4.0</a></h6><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="cc-by-nc-sa-4-0"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#cc-by-nc-sa-version" class="u"> CC BY-NC-SA version</a><a href="#_toc/cc-by-nc-sa-4-0" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/cc-by-nc-sa-4-0"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="cc-by-nc-nd"><div class="notnav"><h6><a href="cc-by-nc-nd">CC BY-NC-ND</a></h6><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="cc-by-nc-nd"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 2</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#cc-by-nc-sa" class="u"> CC BY-NC-SA</a><a href="#_toc/cc-by-nc-nd" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/cc-by-nc-nd"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="cc-by-nc-nd-4-0"><div class="notnav"><h6 data-level="7"><a href="cc-by-nc-nd-4-0">CC BY-NC-ND 4.0</a></h6><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="cc-by-nc-nd-4-0"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 1</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#cc-by-nc-nd" class="u"> CC BY-NC-ND</a><a href="#_toc/cc-by-nc-nd-4-0" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/cc-by-nc-nd-4-0"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="p"><b><span title="Tags" class="fa-solid-900 icon"></span> Tagged</b><div class="list"><ul><li><a href="university-of-oxford#c7-4-oxford-physics-course">C7.4 Oxford physics course</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="h" id="cc-by-nc-nd-4-0-table-of-contents"><div class="notnav"><h6 data-level="8"><a href="cc-by-nc-nd-4-0-table-of-contents">CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 table of contents</a></h6><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="cc-by-nc-nd-4-0-table-of-contents"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#cc-by-nc-nd-4-0" class="u"> CC BY-NC-ND 4.0</a><a href="#_toc/cc-by-nc-nd-4-0-table-of-contents" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/cc-by-nc-nd-4-0-table-of-contents"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="p"><b><span title="Tags" class="fa-solid-900 icon"></span> Tagged</b><div class="list"><ul><li><a href="theories-of-quantum-matter-by-austen-lamacraft">Theories of Quantum Matter by Austen Lamacraft</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="h" id="gnu-free-documentation-license"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="gnu-free-documentation-license">GNU Free Documentation License</a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="gnu-free-documentation-license"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#free-license" class="u"> Free license</a><a href="#_toc/gnu-free-documentation-license" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Free_Documentation_License" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/gnu-free-documentation-license"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a><span class="tags"> Tags: <a href="software#gnu-project">GNU Project</a></span></div></nav></div><div class="p"><b><span title="Tags" class="fa-solid-900 icon"></span> Tagged</b><div class="list"><ul><li><a href="linear-algebra#interactive-linear-algebra-by-margalit-and-rabinoff">Interactive Linear Algebra by Margalit and Rabinoff</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="h" id="public-domain"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="public-domain">Public domain</a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="public-domain"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 202</span><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 9</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#free-license" class="u"> Free license</a><a href="#_toc/public-domain" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/public-domain"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="public-domain-dedication"><div class="notnav"><h5><a href="public-domain-dedication">Public domain dedication</a></h5><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="public-domain-dedication"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#public-domain" class="u"> Public domain</a><a href="#_toc/public-domain-dedication" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/public-domain-dedication"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="p"><b><span title="Tags" class="fa-solid-900 icon"></span> Tagged</b><div class="list"><ul><li><a href="#cc0">CC0</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="h" id="public-domain-in-the-united-states"><div class="notnav"><h5><a href="public-domain-in-the-united-states">Public domain in the United States</a></h5><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="public-domain-in-the-united-states"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#public-domain" class="u"> Public domain</a><a href="#_toc/public-domain-in-the-united-states" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/public-domain-in-the-united-states"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="public-domain-by-year"><div class="notnav"><h5><a href="public-domain-by-year">Public domain by year</a></h5><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="public-domain-by-year"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 156</span><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 2</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#public-domain" class="u"> Public domain</a><a href="#_toc/public-domain-by-year" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/public-domain-by-year"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="p" id="_49"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Years_in_Public_Domain">en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Years_in_Public_Domain</a></div><div class="h" id="public-domain-scientific-paper-by-year"><div class="notnav"><h6><a href="public-domain-scientific-paper-by-year">Public domain scientific paper by year</a></h6><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="public-domain-scientific-paper-by-year"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 156</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#public-domain-by-year" class="u"> Public domain by year</a><a href="#_toc/public-domain-scientific-paper-by-year" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/public-domain-scientific-paper-by-year"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="p" id="_50">Here we list public domain <a href="education#academic-paper">academic papers</a>. They must be public domain in the country of origin, not just the <a href="united-states">US</a>, which had generally less stringent timings with the 95 year after publication rule rather than life + 70, which often ends up being publication + 110/120. Once these are reached, they may be upload to <a href="website#wikimedia-commons">Wikimedia Commons</a>!<div class="list"><ul id="_51"><li id="_52">2018<div class="list"><ul id="_53"><li id="_54"><a href="physicist#max-planck">Max Planck</a>'s works in <a href="continent#germany">Germany</a> (1947 + 70)<div class="list"><ul id="_55"><li id="_56">1900: <a href="physicist#on-the-law-of-distribution-of-energy-in-the-normal-spectrum">Zur Theorie des Gesetzes der Energieverteilung im Normalspectrum</a></li><li id="_57"><a href="website#wikimedia-commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> category: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Works_by_Max_Planck">commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Works_by_Max_Planck</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li id="_58">2026<div class="list"><ul id="_59"><li id="_60"><a href="physicist#albert-einstein">Albert Einstein</a>'s works in <a href="continent#germany">Germany</a> (1955 + 70)</li></ul></div></li><li id="_61">2031:<div class="list"><ul id="_62"><li id="_63"><a href="physicist#max-von-laue">Max von Laue</a>'s works in <a href="continent#germany">Germany</a> (1960 + 70)<div class="list"><ul id="_64"><li id="_65">1912: Interferenz-Erscheinungen bei Röntgenstrahlen (Interference phenomena in X-rays). Scan: <a href="https://archive.org/details/sitzungsberichte1912knig/page/n393/mode/2up">archive.org/details/sitzungsberichte1912knig/page/n393/mode/2up</a>. Clean upload: <a href="https://archive.org/details/interferenz-erscheinungen-bei-rontgenstrahlen">archive.org/details/interferenz-erscheinungen-bei-rontgenstrahlen</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li id="_66">2032:<div class="list"><ul id="_67"><li id="_68"><a href="physicist#erwin-schrodinger">Erwin Schrödinger</a> works in <a href="continent#germany">Germany</a> (1961 + 70)<div class="list"><ul id="_69"><li id="_70">1926: <a href="physicist#quantization-as-an-eigenvalue-problem">Quantization as an Eigenvalue Problem</a>. Scan: <a href="https://ia903403.us.archive.org/29/items/sim_annalen-der-physik_1926_79_contents/sim_annalen-der-physik_1926_79_contents.pdf">ia903403.us.archive.org/29/items/sim_annalen-der-physik_1926_79_contents/sim_annalen-der-physik_1926_79_contents.pdf</a>. Clean upload: <a href="https://archive.org/details/quantisierung-als-eigenwertproblem">archive.org/details/quantisierung-als-eigenwertproblem</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li id="_71">2042<div class="list"><ul id="_72"><li id="_73">1927: <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/119558a0">www.nature.com/articles/119558a0</a> The Scattering of Electrons by a Single Crystal of Nickel. (1971 + 70), Germer's death. Scan: <a href="https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_1927-04-16_119_2998/page/554/mode/2up">archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_1927-04-16_119_2998/page/554/mode/2up</a>. Clean upload: <a href="https://archive.org/details/the-scattering-of-electrons-by-a-single-crystal-of-nickel">archive.org/details/the-scattering-of-electrons-by-a-single-crystal-of-nickel</a>. The <a href="quantum-mechanics#davisson-germer-experiment">Davisson-Germer experiment</a>!</li></ul></div></li><li id="_74">2049<div class="list"><ul id="_75"><li id="_76">1922 <a href="relativistic-quantum-mechanics#stern-gerlach-experiment">Stern-Gerlach experiment</a> papers such as <a href="relativistic-quantum-mechanics#the-experimental-proof-of-directional-quantization-in-the-magnetic-field">The experimental proof of directional quantization in the magnetic field</a>. Stern died in 1969, Gerlach died in 1979, so 1979 + 70</li></ul></div></li><li id="_77">2056<div class="list"><ul id="_78"><li id="_79">1961 <a href="condensed-matter-physics#experimental-evidence-for-quantized-flux-in-superconducting-cylinders">Experimental Evidence for Quantized Flux in Superconducting Cylinders</a>. Published in the US, so 1961 + 95.</li></ul></div></li></ul></div></div><div class="h" id="public-domain-day"><div class="notnav"><h6><a href="public-domain-day">Public Domain Day</a></h6><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="public-domain-day"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#public-domain-by-year" class="u"> Public domain by year</a><a href="#_toc/public-domain-day" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Domain_Day" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/public-domain-day"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="public-domain-archive"><div class="notnav"><h5><a href="public-domain-archive">Public domain archive</a></h5><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="public-domain-archive"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 46</span><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 3</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#public-domain" class="u"> Public domain</a><a href="#_toc/public-domain-archive" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain_archive" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/public-domain-archive"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="project-gutenberg"><div class="notnav"><h6><a href="project-gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></h6><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="project-gutenberg"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 46</span><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 1</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#public-domain-archive" class="u"> Public domain archive</a><a href="#_toc/project-gutenberg" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/project-gutenberg"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a><span class="tags"> Tags: <a href="website#wikimedia-foundation-project">Wikimedia Foundation project</a></span></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="project-gutenberg-remove-line-breaks"><div class="notnav"><h6 data-level="7"><a href="project-gutenberg-remove-line-breaks">Project Gutenberg remove line breaks</a></h6><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="project-gutenberg-remove-line-breaks"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 46</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#project-gutenberg" class="u"> Project Gutenberg</a><a href="#_toc/project-gutenberg-remove-line-breaks" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/project-gutenberg-remove-line-breaks"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="p" id="_81"><a href="https://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-1132578.html">ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-1132578.html</a></div><div class="p" id="_82">Their txt formats are so crap!</div><div class="p" id="_83">E.g. for;<div class="code" id="_84"><div><pre><code>wget -O pap.txt https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1342.txt.utf-8</code></pre></div></div>a good one is:<div class="code" id="_85"><div><pre><code>perl -0777 -pe 's/(?<!\r\n)\r\n(?!\r\n)( +)?/ /g' pap.txt</code></pre></div></div></div><div class="p" id="_86">The <code>( +)?</code> is for the endlessly many quoted letters they have, which use four leading spaces per line as a quote marker.</div><div class="h" id="wikisource"><div class="notnav"><h6><a href="wikisource">Wikisource</a></h6><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="wikisource"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#public-domain-archive" class="u"> Public domain archive</a><a href="#_toc/wikisource" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikisource" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/wikisource"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a><span class="tags"> Tags: <a href="website#wikimedia-project">Wikimedia project</a></span></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="software-license"><div class="notnav"><h3><a href="software-license">Software license</a></h3><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="software-license"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 70</span><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 11</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#license" class="u"> License</a><a href="#_toc/software-license" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_license" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/software-license"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="apache-license"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="apache-license">Apache License <span class="meta">(2004)</span></a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="apache-license"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#software-license" class="u"> Software license</a><a href="#_toc/apache-license" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_License" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/apache-license"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="p"><b><span title="Tags" class="fa-solid-900 icon"></span> Tagged</b><div class="list"><ul><li><a href="artificial-intelligence#deepmind-lab2d">DeepMind Lab2D</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="h" id="gnu-general-public-license"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="gnu-general-public-license">GNU General Public License <span class="meta">(GPL)</span></a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="gnu-general-public-license"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 60</span><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 3</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#software-license" class="u"> Software license</a><a href="#_toc/gnu-general-public-license" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/gnu-general-public-license"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="gpl-software"><div class="notnav"><h5><a href="gpl-software">GPL software</a></h5><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="gpl-software"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#gnu-general-public-license" class="u"> GNU General Public License</a><a href="#_toc/gpl-software" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/gpl-software"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="p"><b><span title="Tags" class="fa-solid-900 icon"></span> Tagged</b><div class="list"><ul><li><a href="artificial-intelligence#deepmind-lab">DeepMind Lab</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="h" id="affero-general-public-license"><div class="notnav"><h5><a href="affero-general-public-license">Affero General Public License</a></h5><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="affero-general-public-license"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 60</span><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 1</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#gnu-general-public-license" class="u"> GNU General Public License</a><a href="#_toc/affero-general-public-license" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affero_General_Public_License" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/affero-general-public-license"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="server-side-public-license"><div class="notnav"><h6><a href="server-side-public-license">Server Side Public License <span class="meta">(SSPL)</span></a></h6><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="server-side-public-license"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 60</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#affero-general-public-license" class="u"> Affero General Public License</a><a href="#_toc/server-side-public-license" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Side_Public_License" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/server-side-public-license"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="p" id="_91">Created by <a href="software#mongodb">MongoDB</a>, attempts to be even more restrictive than <a href="#affero-general-public-license">AGPL</a> by more explicitly saying that indirect automatic requests are also included in the "you must give source" domain: <a href="https://opensource.stackexchange.com/questions/8025/difference-between-mongodb-sspl-and-gnu-agpl">opensource.stackexchange.com/questions/8025/difference-between-mongodb-sspl-and-gnu-agpl</a></div><div class="p" id="_92">The base use case is:<div class="list"><ul id="_93"><li id="_94">client contacts <a href="computer#server-computing">server</a> software, e.g. a <a href="programming-language#python-programming-language">Python</a> program</li><li id="_95"><a href="programming-language#python-programming-language">Python</a> contacts the <a href="software#database">database</a>, and returns results back to the client</li></ul></div>which is what MongoDB is trying to ensure, which sounds fair.</div><div class="h" id="freeware"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="freeware">Freeware</a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="freeware"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#software-license" class="u"> Software license</a><a href="#_toc/freeware" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/freeware"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="freemium"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="freemium">Freemium</a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="freemium"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#software-license" class="u"> Software license</a><a href="#_toc/freemium" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freemium" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/freemium"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="mit-license"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="mit-license">MIT License</a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="mit-license"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#software-license" class="u"> Software license</a><a href="#_toc/mit-license" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIT_License" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/mit-license"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="h" id="proprietary-software"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="proprietary-software">Proprietary software</a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="proprietary-software"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#software-license" class="u"> Software license</a><a href="#_toc/proprietary-software" class="toc"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proprietary_software" class="wiki"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/proprietary-software"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="p"><b><span title="Tags" class="fa-solid-900 icon"></span> Tagged</b><div class="list"><ul><li><a href="software#pernosco">Pernosco</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="h" id="software-license-that-starts-closed-and-becomes-open-once-a-certain-amount-of-money-is-raised"><div class="notnav"><h4><a href="software-license-that-starts-closed-and-becomes-open-once-a-certain-amount-of-money-is-raised">Software license that starts closed and becomes open once a certain amount of money is raised</a></h4><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="software-license-that-starts-closed-and-becomes-open-once-a-certain-amount-of-money-is-raised"></a><span class="metrics"><span class="wcntr"> Words: 10</span><span class="dcnt"> Articles: 1</span></span></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#software-license" class="u"> Software license</a><a href="#_toc/software-license-that-starts-closed-and-becomes-open-once-a-certain-amount-of-money-is-raised" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/software-license-that-starts-closed-and-becomes-open-once-a-certain-amount-of-money-is-raised"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a></div></nav></div><div class="p" id="_96">This is an interesting licensing model that might just scale.</div><div class="h" id="sponsorware"><div class="notnav"><h5><a href="sponsorware">Sponsorware</a></h5><span class="hover-meta"> <a class="split" href="sponsorware"></a></span></div><nav class="h-nav h-nav-toplevel"><div class="nav"><a href="#software-license-that-starts-closed-and-becomes-open-once-a-certain-amount-of-money-is-raised" class="u"> Software license that starts closed and becomes open once a certain amount of money is raised</a><a href="#_toc/sponsorware" class="toc"></a><a href="https://ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/sponsorware"><img src="_obb/logo.svg" class="logo" /> OurBigBook.com</a><span class="tags"> Tags: <a 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