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anodes</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: PbO₂ anodes"> <meta name="keywords" content="PbO₂ anodes"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="PbO₂ anodes"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 29</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: PbO₂ anodes</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Study of the Kinetic of the Reduction of Alpha and Beta PbO2 in H2SO4 on the Microcavity Electrode </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Chahmana">N. Chahmana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Zerroual"> I. Zerroual</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of our work is the contribution to the improvement of the performances of the positive plate of the lead acid battery. For that, we synthesized two varieties of PbO2 used in industry, alpha and beta PbO2 by electrochemical way starting from the not formed industrial plates. We studied the kinetics of reduction of the alpha varieties and PbO2 beta on electrode with microcavity in sulphuric medium. The electrochemical study of the powders of α and β-PbO2 was made by cyclic voltamperometry with sweeping of potential by using a traditional assembly with three electrodes. Values of the coefficient of diffusion of the proton in α and β-PbO2 are respectively equal to 0.498*10-8cm2 /s and 0.793*10-8 cm2 /s. During the cycling of the two varieties of PbO2, we obtain a clear increase in the capacity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lead%20accumulator" title="lead accumulator">lead accumulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B1%20and%20%CE%B2%20-%20PbO2" title=" α and β - PbO2"> α and β - PbO2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synthesis" title=" synthesis"> synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinetics" title=" kinetics"> kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20voltametry" title=" cyclic voltametry"> cyclic voltametry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coefficient%20of%20diffusion" title=" coefficient of diffusion"> coefficient of diffusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22434/study-of-the-kinetic-of-the-reduction-of-alpha-and-beta-pbo2-in-h2so4-on-the-microcavity-electrode" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22434.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">577</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Role of SiOx Interlayer on Lead Oxide Electrodeposited on Stainless Steel for Promoting Electrochemical Treatment of Wastewater Containing Textile Dye</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanene%20Akrout">Hanene Akrout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ines%20Elaissaoui"> Ines Elaissaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabrina%20Grassini"> Sabrina Grassini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniele%20Fulginiti"> Daniele Fulginiti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Latifa%20Bousselmi"> Latifa Bousselmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main objective of this work is to investigate the efficiency of depollution power related to PbO₂ layer deposited onto a stainless steel (SS) substrate with SiOx as interlayer. The elaborated electrode was used as anode for anodic oxidation of wastewater containing Amaranth dye, as recalcitrant organic pollutant model. SiOx interlayer was performed using Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition ‘PECVD’ in plasma fed with argon, oxygen, and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS, Si precursor) in different ratios, onto the SS substrate. PbO₂ layer was produced by pulsed electrodeposition on SS/SiOx. The morphological of different surfaces are depicted with Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and the composition of the lead oxide layer was investigated by X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD). The results showed that the SiOx interlayer with more rich oxygen content improved better the nucleation of β-PbO₂ form. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) measurements undertaken on different interfaces (at optimized conditions) revealed a decrease of Rfilm while CPE film increases for SiOx interlayer, characterized by a more inorganic nature and deposited in a plasma fed by higher O2-to-TEOS ratios. Quantitative determinations of the Amaranth dye degradation rate were performed in terms of colour and COD removals, reaching a 95% and an 80% respectively removal at pH = 2 in 300 min. Results proved the improvement of the degradation wastewater containing the amaranth dye. During the electrolysis, the Amaranth dye solution was sampled at 30 min intervals and analyzed by ‘High-performance Liquid Chromatography’ HPLC. The gradual degradation of the Amaranth dye confirmed by the decrease in UV absorption using the SS/SiOx(20:20:1)/PbO₂ anode, the reaction exhibited an apparent ﬁrst-order kinetic for electrolysis time of 5 hours, with an initial rate constant of about 0.02 min⁻¹. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20treatment" title="electrochemical treatment">electrochemical treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PbO%E2%82%82%20anodes" title=" PbO₂ anodes"> PbO₂ anodes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COD%20removal" title=" COD removal"> COD removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma" title=" plasma"> plasma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73914/role-of-siox-interlayer-on-lead-oxide-electrodeposited-on-stainless-steel-for-promoting-electrochemical-treatment-of-wastewater-containing-textile-dye" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73914.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">193</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Analysis of Soft and Hard X-Ray Intensities Using Different Shapes of Anodes in a 4kJ Mather Type Plasma Focus Facility</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahsa%20Mahtab">Mahsa Mahtab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morteza%20Habibi"> Morteza Habibi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effect of different anode tip geometries on the intensity of soft and hard x-ray emitted from a 4 kJ plasma focus device is investigated. For this purpose, 5 different anode tips are used. The shapes of the uppermost region of these anodes have been cylindrical-flat, cylindrical-hollow, spherical-convex, cone-flat and cone-hollow. Analyzed data have shown that cone-flat, spherical-convex and cone-hollow anodes significantly increase X-ray intensity respectively in comparison with cylindrical-flat anode; while the cylindrical-hollow tip decreases. Anode radius reduction at its end in conic or spherical anodes enhance SXR by increasing plasma density through collecting a greater mass of gas and more gradual transition phase to form a more stable dense plasma pinch. Also, HXR is enhanced by increasing the energy of electrons colliding with the anode surface through raise of induced electrical field. Finally, the cone-flat anode is introduced to use in cases in which the plasma focus device is used as an X-ray source due to its highest yield of X-ray emissions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20focus" title="plasma focus">plasma focus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anode%20tip" title=" anode tip"> anode tip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HXR" title=" HXR"> HXR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SXR" title=" SXR"> SXR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pinched%20plasma" title=" pinched plasma"> pinched plasma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30370/analysis-of-soft-and-hard-x-ray-intensities-using-different-shapes-of-anodes-in-a-4kj-mather-type-plasma-focus-facility" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30370.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Carbon Coated Silicon Nanoparticles Embedded MWCNT/Graphene Matrix Anode Material for Li-Ion Batteries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ubeyd%20To%C3%A7o%C4%9Flu">Ubeyd Toçoğlu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mira%C3%A7%20Alaf"> Miraç Alaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hatem%20Akbulut"> Hatem Akbulut</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We present a work which was conducted in order to improve the cycle life of silicon based lithium ion battery anodes by utilizing novel composite structure. In this study, carbon coated nano sized (50-100 nm) silicon particles were embedded into Graphene/MWCNT silicon matrix to produce free standing silicon based electrodes. Also, conventional Si powder anodes were produced from Si powder slurry on copper current collectors in order to make comparison of composite and conventional anode structures. Free –standing composite anodes (binder-free) were produced via vacuum filtration from a well dispersion of Graphene, MWCNT and carbon coated silicon powders. Carbon coating process of silicon powders was carried out via microwave reaction system. The certain amount of silicon powder and glucose was mixed under ultrasonication and then coating was conducted at 200 °C for two hours in Teflon lined autoclave reaction chamber. Graphene which was used in this study was synthesized from well-known Hummers method and hydrazine reduction of graphene oxide. X-Ray diffraction analysis and RAMAN spectroscopy techniques were used for phase characterization of anodes. Scanning electron microscopy analyses were conducted for morphological characterization. The electrochemical performance tests were carried out by means of galvanostatic charge/discharge, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene" title="graphene">graphene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li-Ion" title=" Li-Ion"> Li-Ion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MWCNT" title=" MWCNT"> MWCNT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silicon" title=" silicon"> silicon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56845/carbon-coated-silicon-nanoparticles-embedded-mwcntgraphene-matrix-anode-material-for-li-ion-batteries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56845.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">256</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Atomic Layer Deposition of Metal Oxides on Si/C Materials for the Improved Cycling Stability of High-Capacity Lithium-Ion Batteries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philipp%20Stehle">Philipp Stehle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dragoljub%20Vrankovic"> Dragoljub Vrankovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Montaha%20Anjass"> Montaha Anjass</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to its high availability and extremely high specific capacity, silicon (Si) is the most promising anode material for next generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, Si anodes are suffering from high volume changes during cycling causing unstable solid-electrolyte interface (SEI). One approach for mitigation of these effects is to embed Si particles into a carbon matrix to create silicon/carbon composites (Si/C). These typically show more stable electrochemical performance than bare silicon materials. Nevertheless, the same failure mechanisms mentioned earlier appear in a less pronounced form. In this work, we further improved the cycling performance of two commercially available Si/C materials by coating thin metal oxide films of different thicknesses on the powders via Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD). The coated powders were analyzed via ICP-OES and AFM measurements. Si/C-graphite anodes with automotive-relevant loadings (~3.5 mAh/cm2) were processed out of the materials and tested in half coin cells (HCCs) and full pouch cells (FPCs). During long-term cycling in FPCs, a significant improvement was observed for some of the ALD-coated materials. After 500 cycles, the capacity retention was already up to 10% higher compared to the pristine materials. Cycling of the FPCs continued until they reached a state of health (SOH) of 80%. By this point, up to the triple number of cycles were achieved by ALD-coated compared to pristine anodes. Post-mortem analysis via various methods was carried out to evaluate the differences in SEI formation and thicknesses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silicon%20anodes" title="silicon anodes">silicon anodes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=li-ion%20batteries" title=" li-ion batteries"> li-ion batteries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atomic%20layer%20deposition" title=" atomic layer deposition"> atomic layer deposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silicon-carbon%20composites" title=" silicon-carbon composites"> silicon-carbon composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20coatings" title=" surface coatings"> surface coatings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156422/atomic-layer-deposition-of-metal-oxides-on-sic-materials-for-the-improved-cycling-stability-of-high-capacity-lithium-ion-batteries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156422.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">121</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Predicting the Effect of Silicon Electrode Design Parameters on Thermal Performance of a Lithium-Ion Battery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harika%20Dasari">Harika Dasari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20Eisenbraun"> Eric Eisenbraun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study models the role of electrode structural characteristics on the thermal behavior of lithium-ion batteries. Preliminary modeling runs have employed a 1D lithium-ion battery coupled to a two-dimensional axisymmetric model using silicon as the battery anode material. The two models are coupled by the heat generated and the average temperature. Our study is focused on the silicon anode particle sizes and it is observed that silicon anodes with nano-sized particles reduced the temperature of the battery in comparison to anodes with larger particles. These results are discussed in the context of the relationship between particle size and thermal transport properties in the electrode. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20size" title="particle size">particle size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NMC" title=" NMC"> NMC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silicon" title=" silicon"> silicon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20generation" title=" heat generation"> heat generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=separator" title=" separator"> separator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143657/predicting-the-effect-of-silicon-electrode-design-parameters-on-thermal-performance-of-a-lithium-ion-battery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143657.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Electrochemical Deposition of Pb and PbO2 on Polymer Composites Electrodes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Merzouki">A. Merzouki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Haddaoui"> N. Haddaoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polymers have a large reputation as electric insulators. These materials are characterized by weak weight, reduced price and a large domain of physical and chemical properties. They conquered new application domains that were until a recent past the exclusivity of metals. In this work, we used some composite materials (polymers/conductive fillers), as electrodes and we try to cover them with metallic lead layers in order to use them as courant collector grids in lead-acid battery plates. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrodeposition" title="electrodeposition">electrodeposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20composites" title=" polymer composites"> polymer composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20black" title=" carbon black"> carbon black</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acetylene%20black" title=" acetylene black "> acetylene black </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15588/electrochemical-deposition-of-pb-and-pbo2-on-polymer-composites-electrodes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15588.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">456</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Optimal Sputtering Conditions for Nickel-Cermet Anodes in Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waqas%20Hassan%20Tanveer">Waqas Hassan Tanveer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoon%20Ho%20Lee"> Yoon Ho Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taehyun%20Park"> Taehyun Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wonjong%20Yu"> Wonjong Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaegeun%20Lee"> Yaegeun Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusung%20Kim"> Yusung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suk%20Won%20Cha"> Suk Won Cha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nickel-Gadolinium Doped Ceria (Ni-GDC) cermet anodic thin films were prepared on Scandia Stabilized Zirconia (ScSZ) electrolyte supports by radio frequency (RF) sputtering, with a range of different sputtering powers (50 – 200W) and background Ar gas pressures (30 – 90mTorr). The effects of varying sputtering power and pressure on the properties of Ni-GDC films were studied using Focused Ion Beam (FIB), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) techniques. The Ni content was found to be always higher than the Ce content, at all sputtering conditions. This increased Ni content was attributed to significantly higher energy transfer efficiency of Ni ions as compared to Ce ions with Ar background sputtering gas. The solid oxide fuel cell configuration was completed by using lanthanum strontium manganite (LSM/YSZ) cathodes on the other side of ScSZ supports. Performance comparison of cells was done by Voltage-Current-Power (VIP) curves, while the resistances of various cell components were observed by nyquist plots. Initial results showed that anode films made by higher powered RF sputtering performed better than lower powered ones for a specific Ar pressure. Interestingly, however, anodes made at highest power and pressure, were not the ones that showed the maximum power output at an intermediate solid oxide fuel cell temperature of 800°C. Finally, an optimal sputtering condition was reported for high performance Ni-GDC anodes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intermediate%20temperature%20solid%20oxide%20fuel%20cells" title="intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells">intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nickel-cermet%20anodic%20thin%20films" title=" nickel-cermet anodic thin films"> nickel-cermet anodic thin films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nyquist%20plots" title=" nyquist plots"> nyquist plots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radio%20frequency%20sputtering" title=" radio frequency sputtering"> radio frequency sputtering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55624/optimal-sputtering-conditions-for-nickel-cermet-anodes-in-intermediate-temperature-solid-oxide-fuel-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55624.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Tin and Tin-Copper Composite Nanorod Anodes for Rechargeable Lithium Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20D.%20Polat">B. D. Polat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%96.%20Kele%C5%9F"> Ö. Keleş</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Physical vapor deposition under conditions of an obliquely incident flux results in a film formation with an inclined columnar structure. These columns will be oriented toward the vapor source because of the self-shadowing effect, and they are homogenously distributed on the substrate surface because of the limited surface diffusion ability of ad-atoms when there is no additional substrate heating. In this work, the oblique angle electron beam evaporation technique is used to fabricate thin films containing inclined nanorods. The results demonstrate that depending on the thin film composition, the morphology of the nanorods changed as well. The galvanostatic analysis of these thin film anodes reveals that a composite CuSn nanorods having approximately 900mAhg-1 of initial discharge capacity, performs higher electrochemical performance compared to pure Sn nanorods containing anode material. The long cycle life and the advanced electrochemical properties of the nano-structured composite electrode might be attributed to its improved mechanical tolerance and enhanced electrical conductivity depending on the Cu presence in the nanorods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cu-Sn%20thin%20film" title="Cu-Sn thin film">Cu-Sn thin film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oblique%20angle%20deposition" title=" oblique angle deposition"> oblique angle deposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium%20ion%20batteries" title=" lithium ion batteries"> lithium ion batteries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anode" title=" anode"> anode</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2210/tin-and-tin-copper-composite-nanorod-anodes-for-rechargeable-lithium-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2210.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">347</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Atomic Scale Storage Mechanism Study of the Advanced Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xi%20Wang">Xi Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoshio%20Bando"> Yoshio Bando</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) can deliver high levels of energy storage density and offer long operating lifetimes, but their power density is too low for many important applications. Therefore, we developed some new strategies and fabricated novel electrodes for fast Li transport and its facile synthesis including N-doped graphene-SnO2 sandwich papers, bicontinuous nanoporous Cu/Li4Ti5O12 electrode, and binder-free N-doped graphene papers. In addition, by using advanced in-TEM, STEM techniques and the theoretical simulations, we systematically studied and understood their storage mechanisms at the atomic scale, which shed a new light on the reasons of the ultrafast lithium storage property and high capacity for these advanced anodes. For example, by using advanced in-situ TEM, we directly investigated these processes using an individual CuO nanowire anode and constructed a LIB prototype within a TEM. Being promising candidates for anodes in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), transition metal oxide anodes utilizing the so-called conversion mechanism principle typically suffer from the severe capacity fading during the 1st cycle of lithiation–delithiation. Also we report on the atomistic insights of the GN energy storage as revealed by in situ TEM. The lithiation process on edges and basal planes is directly visualized, the pyrrolic N "hole" defect and the perturbed solid-electrolyte-interface (SEI) configurations are observed, and charge transfer states for three N-existing forms are also investigated. In situ HRTEM experiments together with theoretical calculations provide a solid evidence that enlarged edge {0001} spacings and surface "hole" defects result in improved surface capacitive effects and thus high rate capability and the high capacity is owing to short-distance orderings at the edges during discharging and numerous surface defects; the phenomena cannot be understood previously by standard electron or X-ray diffraction analyses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in-situ%20TEM" title="in-situ TEM">in-situ TEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=STEM" title=" STEM"> STEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advanced%20anode" title=" advanced anode"> advanced anode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium-ion%20batteries" title=" lithium-ion batteries"> lithium-ion batteries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=storage%20mechanism" title=" storage mechanism"> storage mechanism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47924/atomic-scale-storage-mechanism-study-of-the-advanced-anode-materials-for-lithium-ion-batteries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47924.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">352</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Highly Robust Crosslinked BIAN-based Binder to Stabilize High-Performance Silicon Anode in Lithium-Ion Secondary Battery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agman%20Gupta">Agman Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajashekar%20Badam"> Rajashekar Badam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noriyoshi%20Matsumi"> Noriyoshi Matsumi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Recently, silicon has been recognized as one of the potential alternatives as anode active material in Li-ion batteries (LIBs) to replace the conventionally used graphite anodes. Silicon is abundantly present in the nature, it can alloy with lithium metal, and has a higher theoretical capacity (~4200 mAhg-1) that is approximately 10 times higher than graphite. However, because of a large volume expansion (~400%) upon repeated de-/alloying, the pulverization of Si particles causes the exfoliation of electrode laminate leading to the loss of electrical contact and adversely affecting the formation of solid-electrolyte interface (SEI).1 Functional polymers as binders have emerged as a competitive strategy to mitigate these drawbacks and failure mechanism of silicon anodes.1 A variety of aqueous/non-aqueous polymer binders like sodium carboxy-methyl cellulose (CMC-Na), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), poly(acrylic acid), and other variants like mussel inspired binders have been investigated to overcome these drawbacks.1 However, there are only a few reports that mention the attempt of addressing all the drawbacks associated with silicon anodes effectively using a single novel functional polymer system as a binder. In this regard, here, we report a novel highly robust n-type bisiminoacenaphthenequinone (BIAN)-paraphenylene-based crosslinked polymer as a binder for Si anodes in lithium-ion batteries (Fig. 1). On its application, crosslinked-BIAN binder was evaluated to provide mechanical robustness to the large volume expansion of Si particles, maintain electrical conductivity within the electrode laminate, and facilitate in the formation of a thin SEI by restricting the extent of electrolyte decomposition on the surface of anode. The fabricated anodic half-cells were evaluated electrochemically for their rate capability, cyclability, and discharge capacity. Experimental: The polymerized BIAN (P-BIAN) copolymer was synthesized as per the procedure reported by our group.2 The synthesis of crosslinked P-BIAN: a solution of P-BIAN copolymer (1.497 g, 10 mmol) in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) (150 ml) was set-up to stir under reflux in nitrogen atmosphere. To this, 1,6-dibromohexane (5 mmol, 0.77 ml) was added dropwise. The resultant reaction mixture was stirred and refluxed at 150 °C for 24 hours followed by refrigeration for 3 hours at 5 °C. The product was obtained by evaporating the NMP solvent under reduced pressure and drying under vacuum at 120 °C for 12 hours. The obtained product was a black colored sticky compound. It was characterized by 1H-NMR, XPS, and FT-IR techniques. Results and Discussion: The N 1s XPS spectrum of the crosslinked BIAN polymer showed two characteristic peaks corresponding to the sp2 hybridized nitrogen (-C=N-) at 399.6 eV of the diimine backbone in the BP and quaternary nitrogen at 400.7 eV corresponding to the crosslinking of BP via dibromohexane. The DFT evaluation of the crosslinked BIAN binder showed that it has a low lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) that enables it to get doped in the reducing environment and influence the formation of a thin (SEI). Therefore, due to the mechanically robust crosslinked matrices as well as its influence on the formation of a thin SEI, the crosslinked BIAN binder stabilized the Si anode-based half-cell for over 1000 cycles with a reversible capacity of ~2500 mAhg-1 and ~99% capacity retention as shown in Fig. 2. The dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS) characterization of crosslinked BIAN-based anodic half-cell confirmed that the SEI formed was thin in comparison with the conventional binder-based anodes. Acknowledgement: We are thankful to the financial support provided by JST-Mirai Program, Grant Number: JP18077239 <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-healing%20binder" title="self-healing binder">self-healing binder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=n-type%20binder" title=" n-type binder"> n-type binder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20solid-electrolyte%20interphase%20%28SEI%29" title=" thin solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI)"> thin solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-capacity%20silicon%20anodes" title=" high-capacity silicon anodes"> high-capacity silicon anodes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-LUMO" title=" low-LUMO"> low-LUMO</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143318/highly-robust-crosslinked-bian-based-binder-to-stabilize-high-performance-silicon-anode-in-lithium-ion-secondary-battery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143318.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Laboratory Simulation of Subway Dynamic Stray Current Interference with Cathodically Protected Structures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Derakhshani">Mohammad Derakhshani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Reza%20Allahkaram"> Saeed Reza Allahkaram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Isakani-Zakaria"> Michael Isakani-Zakaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masoud%20Samadian"> Masoud Samadian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hojat%20Sharifi%20Rasaey"> Hojat Sharifi Rasaey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dynamic stray currents tend to change their magnitude and polarity with time at their source which will create anodic and cathodic spots on a nearby interfered structure. To date, one of the biggest known dynamic stray current sources are DC traction systems. Laboratory simulation is a suitable method to apply theoretical principles in order to identify effective parameters in dynamic stray current influenced corrosion. Simulation techniques can be utilized for various mitigation methods applied in a small scales for selection of the most efficient method with regards to field applications. In this research, laboratory simulation of potential fluctuations caused by dynamic stray current on a cathodically protected structure was investigated. A lab model capable of generating DC static and dynamic stray currents and simulating its effects on cathodically protected samples were developed based on stray current induced (contact-less) polarization technique. Stray current pick-up and discharge spots on an influenced structure were simulated by inducing fluctuations in the sample’s stationary potential. Two mitigation methods for dynamic stray current interference on buried structures namely application of sacrificial anodes as preferred discharge point for the stray current and potentially controlled cathodic protection was investigated. Results showed that the application of sacrificial anodes can be effective in reducing interference only in discharge spot. But cathodic protection through potential controlling is more suitable for mitigating dynamic stray current effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title="simulation">simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20stray%20current" title=" dynamic stray current"> dynamic stray current</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluctuating%20potentials" title=" fluctuating potentials"> fluctuating potentials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sacrificial%20anode" title=" sacrificial anode"> sacrificial anode</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31767/laboratory-simulation-of-subway-dynamic-stray-current-interference-with-cathodically-protected-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31767.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">300</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> An Anode Based on Modified Silicon Nanostructured for Lithium – Ion Battery Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Yaddaden">C. Yaddaden</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Berouaken"> M. Berouaken</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Talbi"> L. Talbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Ayouz"> K. Ayouz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ayat"> M. Ayat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Cheriet"> A. Cheriet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Boudeffar"> F. Boudeffar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Manseri"> A. Manseri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Gabouze"> N. Gabouze</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used in various electronic devices due to their high energy density. However, the performance of the anode material in LIBs is crucial for enhancing the battery's overall efficiency. This research focuses on developing a new anode material by modifying silicon nanostructures, specifically porous silicon nanowires (PSiNWs) and porous silicon nanoparticles (NPSiP), with silver nanoparticles (Ag) to improve the performance of LIBs. The aim of this research is to investigate the potential application of PSiNWs/Ag and NPSiP/Ag as anodes in LIBs and evaluate their performance in terms of specific capacity and Coulombic efficiency. The research methodology involves the preparation of PSiNWs and NPSiP using metal-assisted chemical etching and electrochemical etching techniques, respectively. The Ag nanoparticles are introduced onto the nanostructures through electrodissolution of the porous film and ultrasonic treatment. Galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements are conducted between 1 and 0.01 V to evaluate the specific capacity and Coulombic efficiency of both PSiNWs/Ag and NPSiP/Ag electrodes. The specific capacity of the PSiNWs/Ag electrode is approximately 1800 mA h g-1, with a Coulombic efficiency of 98.8% at the first charge/discharge cycle. On the other hand, the NPSiP/Ag electrode exhibits a specific capacity of 2600 mAh g-1. Both electrodes show a slight increase in capacity retention after 80 cycles, attributed to the high porosity and surface area of the nanostructures and the stabilization of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). This research highlights the potential of using modified silicon nanostructures as anodes for LIBs, which can pave the way for the development of more efficient lithium-ion batteries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20silicon%20nanowires" title="porous silicon nanowires">porous silicon nanowires</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silicon%20nanoparticles" title=" silicon nanoparticles"> silicon nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium-ion%20batteries" title=" lithium-ion batteries"> lithium-ion batteries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=galvanostatic%20charge%2Fdischarge" title=" galvanostatic charge/discharge"> galvanostatic charge/discharge</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171753/an-anode-based-on-modified-silicon-nanostructured-for-lithium-ion-battery-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171753.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">63</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Effect of Soil Resistivity on the Development of a Cathodic Protection System Using Zinc Anode</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinedu%20F.%20Anochie">Chinedu F. Anochie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The deterioration of materials as a result of their interaction with the environment has been a huge challenge to engineering. Many steps have been taking to tackle corrosion and its effects on harmful effects on engineering materials and structures. Corrosion inhibition, coating, passivation, materials selection, and cathodic protection are some of the methods utilized to curtail the rate at which materials corrode. The use of sacrificial anodes (magnesium, aluminum, or zinc) to protect the metal of interest is a widespread technique used to prevent corrosion in underground structures, ship hauls, and other structures susceptible to corrosion attack. However, certain factors, like resistivity, affect the performance of sacrificial anodes. To establish the effect of soil resistivity on the effectiveness of a cathodic protection system, a mild steel specimen was cathodically protected around Workshop 2 area, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria. Design calculations showed that one zinc anode was sufficient to protect the pipe. The specimen (mild steel pipe) was coated with white and black polykene tapes and was subsequently buried in a high resistivity soil. The pipe-to-soil potential measurements were obtained using a digital fluke multimeter. The protection potential obtained on installation was higher than the minimum protection criteria. However, the potential results obtained over a fourteen-day intervals continually decreased to a value significantly lower than the minimum protection criteria. This showed that the sacrificial anode (zinc) was rendered ineffective by the high resistivity of the area of installation. It has been shown that the resistivity of the soil has a marked effect on the feasibility of cathodic protection systems. This work justified that zinc anode cannot be used for cathodic protection around Workshop 2 area, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria, because of the high resistivity of the area. An experimental data which explains the effectiveness of galvanic anode cathodic protection system on corrosion control of a small steel structure, exposed to a soil of high resistivity has been established. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cathodic%20protection" title="cathodic protection">cathodic protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title=" corrosion"> corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pipe" title=" pipe"> pipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sacrificial%20anode" title=" sacrificial anode"> sacrificial anode</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126882/effect-of-soil-resistivity-on-the-development-of-a-cathodic-protection-system-using-zinc-anode" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126882.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">184</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Enhancement Effect of Electromagnetic Field on Separation of Edible Oil from Oil-Water Emulsion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olfat%20A.%20Fadali">Olfat A. Fadali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20S.%20Mahmoud"> Mohamed S. Mahmoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omnia%20H.%20Abdelraheem"> Omnia H. Abdelraheem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shimaa%20G.%20Mohammed"> Shimaa G. Mohammed </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effect of electromagnetic field (EMF) on the removal of edible oil from oil-in-water emulsion by means of electrocoagulation was investigated in rectangular batch electrochemical cell with DC current. Iron (Fe) plate anodes and stainless steel cathodes were employed as electrodes. The effect of different magnetic field intensities (1.9, 3.9 and 5.2 tesla), three different positions of EMF (below, perpendicular and parallel to the electrocoagulation cell), as well as operating time; had been investigated. The application of electromagnetic field (5.2 tesla) raises percentage of oil removal from 72.4% for traditional electrocoagulation to 90.8% after 20 min. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrocoagulation" title="electrocoagulation">electrocoagulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electromagnetic%20field" title=" electromagnetic field"> electromagnetic field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oil-water%20emulsion" title=" Oil-water emulsion"> Oil-water emulsion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=edible%20oil" title=" edible oil"> edible oil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19283/enhancement-effect-of-electromagnetic-field-on-separation-of-edible-oil-from-oil-water-emulsion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19283.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">532</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Mesocarbon Microbeads Modification of Stainless-Steel Current Collector to Stabilize Lithium Deposition and Improve the Electrochemical Performance of Anode Solid-State Lithium Hybrid Battery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abebe%20Taye">Abebe Taye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The interest in enhancing the performance of all-solid-state batteries featuring lithium metal anodes as a potential alternative to traditional lithium-ion batteries has prompted exploration into new avenues. A promising strategy involves transforming lithium-ion batteries into hybrid configurations by integrating lithium-ion and lithium-metal solid-state components. This study is focused on achieving stable lithium deposition and advancing the electrochemical capabilities of solid-state lithium hybrid batteries with anodes by incorporating mesocarbon microbeads (MCMBs) blended with silver nanoparticles. To achieve this, mesocarbon microbeads (MCMBs) blended with silver nanoparticles are coated on stainless-steel current collectors. These samples undergo a battery of analyses employing diverse techniques. Surface morphology is studied through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electrochemical behavior of the coated samples is evaluated in both half-cell and full-cell setups utilizing an argyrodite-type sulfide electrolyte. The stability of MCMBs in the electrolyte is assessed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Additional insights into the composition are gleaned through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). At an ultra-low N/P ratio of 0.26, stability is upheld for over 100 charge/discharge cycles in half-cells. When applied in a full-cell configuration, the hybrid anode preserves 60.1% of its capacity after 80 cycles at 0.3 C under a low N/P ratio of 0.45. In sharp contrast, the capacity retention of the cell using untreated MCMBs declines to 20.2% after a mere 60 cycles. The introduction of mesocarbon microbeads (MCMBs) combined with silver nanoparticles into the hybrid anode of solid-state lithium batteries substantially elevates their stability and electrochemical performance. This approach ensures consistent lithium deposition and removal, mitigating dendrite growth and the accumulation of inactive lithium. The findings from this investigation hold significant value in elevating the reversibility and energy density of lithium-ion batteries, thereby making noteworthy contributions to the advancement of more efficient energy storage systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MCMB" title="MCMB">MCMB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium%20metal" title=" lithium metal"> lithium metal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20anode" title=" hybrid anode"> hybrid anode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silver%20nanoparticle" title=" silver nanoparticle"> silver nanoparticle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cycling%20stability" title=" cycling stability"> cycling stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171703/mesocarbon-microbeads-modification-of-stainless-steel-current-collector-to-stabilize-lithium-deposition-and-improve-the-electrochemical-performance-of-anode-solid-state-lithium-hybrid-battery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171703.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Enhancing Anode Performance in Li-S Batteries via Coating with Waste Battery-Derived Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Hajian%20Foroushani">Mohsen Hajian Foroushani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samane%20Maroufi"> Samane Maroufi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rasoul%20Khayyam%20Nekouei"> Rasoul Khayyam Nekouei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Veena%20Sahajwalla"> Veena Sahajwalla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lithium (Li) metal possesses outstanding characteristics, with the highest specific capacity (3860 mAh g-1) and the lowest electrochemical potential (-3.04 V vs. SHE) among available metal anodes. The collaborative impact of Li and sulfur, featuring a specific capacity of 1670 mAh g-1, positions Li–S batteries (LSBs) as highly promising contenders for the next generation of high-energy-density batteries. However, the comprehensive commercialization of LSBs relies on addressing various challenges inherent to these batteries. One of the most formidable hurdles is the widespread issue of Li dendrite nucleation and growth on the anode surface, stemming from the inherent instability of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer. In this study, we employed a Zn-based coating derived from waste materials, significantly enhancing the performance of the symmetrical cell across various current densities. The applied coating not only improved the cyclability of the cell by more than fourfold but also reduced the charge transfer resistance from over 300 to less than 10 before cycling. Examination through SEM micrographs of both samples revealed the successful suppression of Li dendrites by the applied coating. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li-S%20batteries" title="Li-S batteries">Li-S batteries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20dendrite" title=" Li dendrite"> Li dendrite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20anode" title=" Li anode"> Li anode</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178806/enhancing-anode-performance-in-li-s-batteries-via-coating-with-waste-battery-derived-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178806.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Detailed Degradation-Based Model for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Long-Term Performance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mina%20Naeini">Mina Naeini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20A.%20Adams%20II"> Thomas A. Adams II</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) feature high electrical efficiency and generate substantial amounts of waste heat that make them suitable for integrated community energy systems (ICEs). By harvesting and distributing the waste heat through hot water pipelines, SOFCs can meet thermal demand of the communities. Therefore, they can replace traditional gas boilers and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Despite these advantages of SOFCs over competing power generation units, this technology has not been successfully commercialized in large-scale to replace traditional generators in ICEs. One reason is that SOFC performance deteriorates over long-term operation, which makes it difficult to find the proper sizing of the cells for a particular ICE system. In order to find the optimal sizing and operating conditions of SOFCs in a community, a proper knowledge of degradation mechanisms and effects of operating conditions on SOFCs long-time performance is required. The simplified SOFC models that exist in the current literature usually do not provide realistic results since they usually underestimate rate of performance drop by making too many assumptions or generalizations. In addition, some of these models have been obtained from experimental data by curve-fitting methods. Although these models are valid for the range of operating conditions in which experiments were conducted, they cannot be generalized to other conditions and so have limited use for most ICEs. In the present study, a general, detailed degradation-based model is proposed that predicts the performance of conventional SOFCs over a long period of time at different operating conditions. Conventional SOFCs are composed of Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) as electrolyte, Ni-cermet anodes, and LaSr₁₋ₓMnₓO₃ (LSM) cathodes. The following degradation processes are considered in this model: oxidation and coarsening of nickel particles in the Ni-cermet anodes, changes in the pore radius in anode, electrolyte, and anode electrical conductivity degradation, and sulfur poisoning of the anode compartment. This model helps decision makers discover the optimal sizing and operation of the cells for a stable, efficient performance with the fewest assumptions. It is suitable for a wide variety of applications. Sulfur contamination of the anode compartment is an important cause of performance drop in cells supplied with hydrocarbon-based fuel sources. H₂S, which is often added to hydrocarbon fuels as an odorant, can diminish catalytic behavior of Ni-based anodes by lowering their electrochemical activity and hydrocarbon conversion properties. Therefore, the existing models in the literature for H₂-supplied SOFCs cannot be applied to hydrocarbon-fueled SOFCs as they only account for the electrochemical activity reduction. A regression model is developed in the current work for sulfur contamination of the SOFCs fed with hydrocarbon fuel sources. The model is developed as a function of current density and H₂S concentration in the fuel. To the best of authors' knowledge, it is the first model that accounts for impact of current density on sulfur poisoning of cells supplied with hydrocarbon-based fuels. Proposed model has wide validity over a range of parameters and is consistent across multiple studies by different independent groups. Simulations using the degradation-based model illustrated that SOFCs voltage drops significantly in the first 1500 hours of operation. After that, cells exhibit a slower degradation rate. The present analysis allowed us to discover the reason for various degradation rate values reported in literature for conventional SOFCs. In fact, the reason why literature reports very different degradation rates, is that literature is inconsistent in definition of how degradation rate is calculated. In the literature, the degradation rate has been calculated as the slope of voltage versus time plot with the unit of voltage drop percentage per 1000 hours operation. Due to the nonlinear profile of voltage over time, degradation rate magnitude depends on the magnitude of time steps selected to calculate the curve's slope. To avoid this issue, instantaneous rate of performance drop is used in the present work. According to a sensitivity analysis, the current density has the highest impact on degradation rate compared to other operating factors, while temperature and hydrogen partial pressure affect SOFCs performance less. The findings demonstrated that a cell running at lower current density performs better in long-term in terms of total average energy delivered per year, even though initially it generates less power than if it had a higher current density. This is because of the dominant and devastating impact of large current densities on the long-term performance of SOFCs, as explained by the model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=degradation%20rate" title="degradation rate">degradation rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=long-term%20performance" title=" long-term performance"> long-term performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20operation" title=" optimal operation"> optimal operation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20oxide%20fuel%20cells" title=" solid oxide fuel cells"> solid oxide fuel cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SOFCs" title=" SOFCs"> SOFCs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126902/detailed-degradation-based-model-for-solid-oxide-fuel-cells-long-term-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126902.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Coupled with Pharmaceutical Pollutants Degradation on Zr:BiVO4 Photoanodes by Synergetic Catalytic Activity of NiFeOOH Nanostructures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mabrook%20Saleh%20Amera">Mabrook Saleh Amera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prabhakarn%20Arunachalama"> Prabhakarn Arunachalama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maged%20N.%20Shaddadb"> Maged N. Shaddadb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulhadi%20Al-Qadia"> Abdulhadi Al-Qadia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Global energy crises and water pollution have negatively impacted sustainable development in recent years. It is most promising to use Bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) as an electrode for photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) oxidation of water and pollution degradation. However, BiVO4 anodes suffer from poor charge separation and slow water oxidation. In this paper, a Zr:BiVO4/NiFeOOH heterojunction was successfully prepared by electrodeposition and photoelectrochemical transformation process. The method resulted in a notable 5-fold improvement in photocurrent features (1.27 mAcm−2 at 1.23 VRHE) and a lower onset potential of 0.6 VRHE. Photoanodes with high photocatalytic features and high photocorrosion resistance may be attributed their high conformity and amorphous nature of the coating. In this study, PEC was compared to electrocatalysis (EC), and the effect of bias potential on PEC degradation was discussed for tetracycline (TCH), riboflavin, and streptomycin. In PEC, TCH was degraded in the most efficient way (96 %) by Zr:BiVO4/NiFeOOH, three times larger than Zr:BiVO4 and EC (55 %). Thus, this study offers a potential solution for oxidizing PEC water and treating water pollution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photoelectrochemical" title="photoelectrochemical">photoelectrochemical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20splitting" title=" water splitting"> water splitting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmaceutical%20pollutants%20degradation" title=" pharmaceutical pollutants degradation"> pharmaceutical pollutants degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photoanodes" title=" photoanodes"> photoanodes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cocatalyst" title=" cocatalyst"> cocatalyst</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185695/enhanced-photoelectrochemical-water-splitting-coupled-with-pharmaceutical-pollutants-degradation-on-zrbivo4-photoanodes-by-synergetic-catalytic-activity-of-nifeooh-nanostructures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185695.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">54</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> The Methods of Immobilization of Laccase for Direct Transfer in an Enzymatic Fuel Cell</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afshin%20Farahbakhsh">Afshin Farahbakhsh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoda%20Khodadadi"> Hoda Khodadadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we compare five methods of biological fuel cell fabrication by combining a Shewanella oneidensis microbial anode and a laccase-modified air-breathing cathode. As a result of biofuel cell laccase with graphite nanofibers, carbon surface (PAMAN) on the pt/hpg electrode, graphite sheets MWCNT and with (PG) and (MWCNT) showed, respectively. Describes methods for creating controllable and reproducible bio-anodes and demonstrates the versatility of hybrid biological fuel cells. The laccase-based biocathodes prepared either with the crude extract or with the purified enzyme can provide electrochemically active and stable biomaterials. The laccase-based biocathodes prepared either with the crude extract or with the purified enzyme can provide electrochemically active and stable biomaterials. When the device was fed with transdermal extracts, containing only 30μM of glucose, the average peak power was proportionally lower (0.004mW). The result of biofuel cell with graphite nanofibers showed the enzymatic fuel cell reaches 0.5 V at open circuit voltage with both, ethanol and methanol and the maximum current density observed for E2electrode was 228.94mAcm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enzymatic%20electrode" title="enzymatic electrode">enzymatic electrode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20cell" title=" fuel cell"> fuel cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immobilization" title=" immobilization"> immobilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laccase" title=" laccase"> laccase</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52042/the-methods-of-immobilization-of-laccase-for-direct-transfer-in-an-enzymatic-fuel-cell" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52042.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">261</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Industrial Waste to Energy Technology: Engineering Biowaste as High Potential Anode Electrode for Application in Lithium-Ion Batteries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pejman%20Salimi">Pejman Salimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sebastiano%20Tieuli"> Sebastiano Tieuli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Somayeh%20Taghavi"> Somayeh Taghavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michela%20Signoretto"> Michela Signoretto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Remo%20Proietti%20Zaccaria"> Remo Proietti Zaccaria</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Increasing the growth of industrial waste due to the large quantities of production leads to numerous environmental and economic challenges, such as climate change, soil and water contamination, human disease, etc. Energy recovery of waste can be applied to produce heat or electricity. This strategy allows for the reduction of energy produced using coal or other fuels and directly reduces greenhouse gas emissions. Among different factories, leather manufacturing plays a very important role in the whole world from the socio-economic point of view. The leather industry plays a very important role in our society from a socio-economic point of view. Even though the leather industry uses a by-product from the meat industry as raw material, it is considered as an activity demanding integrated prevention and control of pollution. Along the entire process from raw skins/hides to finished leather, a huge amount of solid and water waste is generated. Solid wastes include fleshings, raw trimmings, shavings, buffing dust, etc. One of the most abundant solid wastes generated throughout leather tanning is shaving waste. Leather shaving is a mechanical process that aims at reducing the tanned skin to a specific thickness before tanning and finishing. This product consists mainly of collagen and tanning agent. At present, most of the world's leather processing is chrome-tanned based. Consequently, large amounts of chromium-containing shaving wastes need to be treated. The major concern about the management of this kind of solid waste is ascribed to chrome content, which makes the conventional disposal methods, such as landfilling and incineration, not practicable. Therefore, many efforts have been developed in recent decades to promote eco-friendly/alternative leather production and more effective waste management. Herein, shaving waste resulting from metal-free tanning technology is proposed as low-cost precursors for the preparation of carbon material as anodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In line with the philosophy of a reduced environmental impact, for preparing fully sustainable and environmentally friendly LIBs anodes, deionized water and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) have been used as alternatives to toxic/teratogen N-methyl-2- pyrrolidone (NMP) and to biologically hazardous Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), respectively. Furthermore, going towards the reduced cost, we employed water solvent and fluoride-free bio-derived CMC binder (as an alternative to NMP and PVdF, respectively) together with LiFePO₄ (LFP) when a full cell was considered. These actions make closer to the 2030 goal of having green LIBs at 100 $ kW h⁻¹. Besides, the preparation of the water-based electrodes does not need a controlled environment and due to the higher vapour pressure of water in comparison with NMP, the water-based electrode drying is much faster. This aspect determines an important consequence, namely a reduced energy consumption for the electrode preparation. The electrode derived from leather waste demonstrated a discharge capacity of 735 mAh g⁻¹ after 1000 charge and discharge cycles at 0.5 A g⁻¹. This promising performance is ascribed to the synergistic effect of defects, interlayer spacing, heteroatoms-doped (N, O, and S), high specific surface area, and hierarchical micro/mesopore structure of the biochar. Interestingly, these features of activated biochars derived from the leather industry open the way for possible applications in other EESDs as well. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biowaste" title="biowaste">biowaste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium-ion%20batteries" title=" lithium-ion batteries"> lithium-ion batteries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20activation" title=" physical activation"> physical activation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20management" title=" waste management"> waste management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leather%20industry" title=" leather industry"> leather industry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142244/industrial-waste-to-energy-technology-engineering-biowaste-as-high-potential-anode-electrode-for-application-in-lithium-ion-batteries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142244.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Deep Well-Grounded Magnetite Anode Chains Retrieval and Installation for Raslanuf Complex Impressed Current Cathodic Protection System Rectification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Ahmed%20Khalil">Mohamed Ahmed Khalil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The number of deep well anode ground beds (GBs) have been retrieved due to unoperated anode chains. New identical magnetite anode chains (MAC) have been installed at Raslanuf complex impressed current Cathodic protection (ICCP) system, distributed at different plants (Utility, ethylene and polyethylene). All problems associated with retrieving and installation of MACs have been discussed, rectified and presented. All GB-associated severely corroded wellhead casings were well maintained and/or replaced by new fabricated and modified ones. The main cause of the wellhead casing's severe internal corrosion was discussed and the conducted remedy action to overcome future corrosion problems is presented. All GB-connected anode junction boxes (AJBs) and shunts were closely inspected, maintained and necessary replacement and/or modifications were carried out on shunts. All damaged GB concrete foundations (CF) have been inspected and completely replaced. All GB-associated Transformer-Rectifiers Units (TRU) were subjected to thorough inspection and necessary maintenance was performed on each individual TRU. After completion of all MACs and TRU maintenance activities, each cathodic protection station (CPS) has been re-operated, alternative current (AC), direct current (DC), voltage and structure to soil potential (S/P) measurements have been conducted, recorded and all obtained test results are presented. DC current outputs have been adjusted and DC current outputs of each MAC have been recorded for each GB AJB. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetite%20anodes" title="magnetite anodes">magnetite anodes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20well" title=" deep well"> deep well</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20beds" title=" ground beds"> ground beds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cathodic%20protection" title=" cathodic protection"> cathodic protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformer%20rectifier" title=" transformer rectifier"> transformer rectifier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impressed%20current" title=" impressed current"> impressed current</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=junction%20boxes" title=" junction boxes"> junction boxes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165646/deep-well-grounded-magnetite-anode-chains-retrieval-and-installation-for-raslanuf-complex-impressed-current-cathodic-protection-system-rectification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165646.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">119</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Advanced Structural Analysis of Energy Storage Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Disha%20Gupta">Disha Gupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this research is to conduct X-ray and e-beam characterization techniques on lithium-ion battery materials for the improvement of battery performance. The key characterization techniques employed are the synchrotron X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) combined with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to obtain a more holistic approach to understanding material properties. This research effort provides additional battery characterization knowledge that promotes the development of new cathodes, anodes, electrolyte and separator materials for batteries, hence, leading to better and more efficient battery performance. Both ex-situ and in-situ synchrotron experiments were performed on LiFePO₄, one of the most common cathode material, from different commercial sources and their structural analysis, were conducted using Athena/Artemis software. This analysis technique was then further extended to study other cathode materials like LiMnxFe(₁₋ₓ)PO₄ and even some sulphate systems like Li₂Mn(SO₄)₂ and Li₂Co0.5Mn₀.₅ (SO₄)₂. XAS data were collected for Fe and P K-edge for LiFePO4, and Fe, Mn and P-K-edge for LiMnxFe(₁₋ₓ)PO₄ to conduct an exhaustive study of the structure. For the sulphate system, Li₂Mn(SO₄)₂, XAS data was collected at both Mn and S K-edge. Finite Difference Method for Near Edge Structure (FDMNES) simulations were also conducted for various iron, manganese and phosphate model compounds and compared with the experimental XANES data to understand mainly the pre-edge structural information of the absorbing atoms. The Fe K-edge XAS results showed a charge compensation occurring on the Fe atom for all the differently synthesized LiFePO₄ materials as well as the LiMnxFe(₁₋ₓ)PO₄ systems. However, the Mn K-edge showed a difference in results as the Mn concentration changed in the materials. For the sulphate-based system Li₂Mn(SO₄)₂, however, no change in the Mn K-edge was observed, even though electrochemical studies showed Mn redox reactions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=li-ion%20batteries" title="li-ion batteries">li-ion batteries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemistry" title=" electrochemistry"> electrochemistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X-ray%20absorption%20spectroscopy" title=" X-ray absorption spectroscopy"> X-ray absorption spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XRD" title=" XRD"> XRD</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98710/advanced-structural-analysis-of-energy-storage-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98710.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> NiFe-Type Catalysts for Anion Exchange Membrane (AEM) Electrolyzers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boldin%20Roman">Boldin Roman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liliana%20Anal%C3%ADa%20Diaz"> Liliana Analía Diaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As the hydrogen economy continues to expand, reducing energy consumption and emissions while stimulating economic growth, the development of efficient and cost-effective hydrogen production technologies is critical. Among various methods, anion exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolysis stands out due to its potential for using non-noble metal catalysts. The exploration and enhancement of non-noble metal catalysts, such as NiFe-type catalysts, are pivotal for the advancement of AEM technology, ensuring its commercial viability and environmental sustainability. NiFe-type catalysts were synthesized through electrodeposition and characterized both electrochemically and physico-chemically. Various supports, including Ni foam and Ni mesh, were used as porous transport layers (PTLs) to evaluate the effective catalyst thickness and the influence of the PTL in a 5 cm² AEM electrolyzer. This methodological approach allows for a detailed assessment of catalyst performance under operational conditions typical of industrial hydrogen production. The study revealed that electrodeposited non-noble multi-metallic catalysts maintain stable performance as anodes in AEM water electrolysis. NiFe-type catalysts demonstrated superior activity, with the NiFeCoP alloy outperforming others by delivering the lowest overpotential and the highest current density. Furthermore, the use of different PTLs showed significant effects on the electrochemical behavior of the catalysts, indicating that PTL selection is crucial for optimizing performance and efficiency in AEM electrolyzers. Conclusion: The research underscores the potential of non-noble metal catalysts in enhancing efficiency and reducing the costs of AEM electrolysers. The findings highlight the importance of catalyst and PTL optimization in developing scalable and economically viable hydrogen production technologies. Continued innovation in this area is essential for supporting the growth of the hydrogen economy and achieving sustainable energy solutions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AEMWE" title="AEMWE">AEMWE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrocatalyst" title=" electrocatalyst"> electrocatalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20production" title=" hydrogen production"> hydrogen production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20electrolysis." title=" water electrolysis."> water electrolysis.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189262/nife-type-catalysts-for-anion-exchange-membrane-aem-electrolyzers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189262.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">26</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Collaborative Data Refinement for Enhanced Ionic Conductivity Prediction in Garnet-Type Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakaria%20Kharbouch">Zakaria Kharbouch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Bouchaara"> Mustapha Bouchaara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Elkouihen"> F. Elkouihen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Habbal"> A. Habbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ratnani"> A. Ratnani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Faik"> A. Faik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Solid-state lithium-ion batteries have garnered increasing interest in modern energy research due to their potential for safer, more efficient, and sustainable energy storage systems. Among the critical components of these batteries, the electrolyte plays a pivotal role, with LLZO garnet-based electrolytes showing significant promise. Garnet materials offer intrinsic advantages such as high Li-ion conductivity, wide electrochemical stability, and excellent compatibility with lithium metal anodes. However, optimizing ionic conductivity in garnet structures poses a complex challenge, primarily due to the multitude of potential dopants that can be incorporated into the LLZO crystal lattice. The complexity of material design, influenced by numerous dopant options, requires a systematic method to find the most effective combinations. This study highlights the utility of machine learning (ML) techniques in the materials discovery process to navigate the complex range of factors in garnet-based electrolytes. Collaborators from the materials science and ML fields worked with a comprehensive dataset previously employed in a similar study and collected from various literature sources. This dataset served as the foundation for an extensive data refinement phase, where meticulous error identification, correction, outlier removal, and garnet-specific feature engineering were conducted. This rigorous process substantially improved the dataset's quality, ensuring it accurately captured the underlying physical and chemical principles governing garnet ionic conductivity. The data refinement effort resulted in a significant improvement in the predictive performance of the machine learning model. Originally starting at an accuracy of 0.32, the model underwent substantial refinement, ultimately achieving an accuracy of 0.88. This enhancement highlights the effectiveness of the interdisciplinary approach and underscores the substantial potential of machine learning techniques in materials science research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium%20batteries" title="lithium batteries">lithium batteries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=all-solid-state%20batteries" title=" all-solid-state batteries"> all-solid-state batteries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20state%20electrolytes" title=" solid state electrolytes"> solid state electrolytes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181943/collaborative-data-refinement-for-enhanced-ionic-conductivity-prediction-in-garnet-type-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181943.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Usage of Cyanobacteria in Battery: Saving Money, Enhancing the Storage Capacity, Making Portable, and Supporting the Ecology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saddam%20Husain%20Dhobi">Saddam Husain Dhobi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bikrant%20Karki"> Bikrant Karki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main objective of this paper is save money, balance ecosystem of the terrestrial organism, control global warming, and enhancing the storage capacity of the battery with requiring weight and thinness by using Cyanobacteria in the battery. To fulfill this purpose of paper we can use different methods: Analysis, Biological, Chemistry, theoretical and Physics with some engineering design. Using this different method, we can produce the special type of battery that has the long life, high storage capacity, and clean environment, save money so on and by using the byproduct of Cyanobacteria i.e. glucose. Cyanobacteria are a special type of bacteria that produces different types of extracellular glucoses and oxygen with the help of little sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide and can survive in freshwater, marine and in the land as well. In this process, O₂ is more in the comparison to plant due to rapid growth rate of Cyanobacteria. The required materials are easily available in this process to produce glucose with the help of Cyanobacteria. Since CO₂, is greenhouse gas that causes the global warming? We can utilize this gas and save our ecological balance and the byproduct (glucose) C₆H₁₂O₆ can be utilized for raw material for the battery where as O₂ escape is utilized by living organism. The glucose produce by Cyanobateria goes on Krebs's Cycle or Citric Acid Cycle, in which glucose is complete, oxidizes and all the available energy from glucose molecule has been release in the form of electron and proton as energy. If we use a suitable anodes and cathodes, we can capture these electrons and protons to produce require electricity current with the help of byproduct of Cyanobacteria. According to "Virginia Tech Bio-battery" and "Sony" 13 enzymes and the air is used to produce nearly 24 electrons from a single glucose unit. In this output power of 0.8 mW/cm, current density of 6 mA/cm, and energy storage density of 596 Ah/kg. This last figure is impressive, at roughly 10 times the energy density of the lithium-ion batteries in your mobile devices. When we use Cyanobacteria in battery, we are able to reduce Carbon dioxide, Stop global warming, and enhancing the storage capacity of battery more than 10 times that of lithium battery, saving money, balancing ecology. In this way, we can produce energy from the Cyanobacteria and use it in battery for different benefits. In addition, due to the mass, size and easy cultivation, they are better to maintain the size of battery. Hence, we can use Cyanobacteria for the battery having suitable size, enhancing the storing capacity of battery, helping the environment, portability and so on. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anode" title="anode">anode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=byproduct" title=" byproduct"> byproduct</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cathode" title=" cathode"> cathode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyanobacteri" title=" cyanobacteri"> cyanobacteri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose" title=" glucose"> glucose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=storage%20capacity" title=" storage capacity"> storage capacity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64639/usage-of-cyanobacteria-in-battery-saving-money-enhancing-the-storage-capacity-making-portable-and-supporting-the-ecology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64639.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Laboratory Assessment of Electrical Vertical Drains in Composite Soils Using Kaolin and Bentonite Clays</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maher%20Z.%20Mohammed">Maher Z. Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barry%20G.%20Clarke"> Barry G. Clarke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As an alternative to stone column in fine grained soils, it is possible to create stiffened columns of soils using electroosmosis (electroosmotic piles). This program of this research is to establish the effectiveness and efficiency of the process in different soils. The aim of this study is to assess the capability of electroosmosis treatment in a range of composite soils. The combined electroosmotic and preloading equipment developed by Nizar and Clarke (2013) was used with an octagonal array of anodes surrounding a single cathode in a nominal 250mm diameter 300mm deep cylinder of soil and 80mm anode to cathode distance. Copper coiled springs were used as electrodes to allow the soil to consolidate either due to an external vertical applied load or electroosmosis. The equipment was modified to allow the temperature to be monitored during the test. Electroosmotic tests were performed on China Clay Grade E kaolin and calcium bentonite (Bentonex CB) mixed with sand fraction C (BS 1881 part 131) at different ratios by weight; (0, 23, 33, 50 and 67%) subjected to applied voltages (5, 10, 15 and 20). The soil slurry was prepared by mixing the dry soil with water to 1.5 times the liquid limit of the soil mixture. The mineralogical and geotechnical properties of the tested soils were measured before the electroosmosis treatment began. In the electroosmosis cell tests, the settlement, expelled water, variation of electrical current and applied voltage, and the generated heat was monitored during the test time for 24 osmotic tests. Water content was measured at the end of each test. The electroosmotic tests are divided into three phases. In Phase 1, 15 kPa was applied to simulate a working platform and produce a uniform soil which had been deposited as a slurry. 50 kPa was used in Phase 3 to simulate a surcharge load. The electroosmotic treatment was only performed during Phase 2 where a constant voltage was applied through the electrodes in addition to the 15 kPa pressure. This phase was stopped when no further water was expelled from the cell, indicating the electroosmotic process had stopped due to either the degradation of the anode or the flow due to the hydraulic gradient exactly balanced the electroosmotic flow resulting in no flow. Control tests for each soil mixture were carried out to assess the behaviour of the soil samples subjected to only an increase of vertical pressure, which is 15kPa in Phase 1 and 50kPa in Phase 3. Analysis of the experimental results from this study showed a significant dewatering effect on the soil slurries. The water discharged by the electroosmotic treatment process decreased as the sand content increased. Soil temperature increased significantly when electrical power was applied and drops when applied DC power turned off or when the electrode degraded. The highest increase in temperature was found in pure clays at higher applied voltage after about 8 hours of electroosmosis test. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrokinetic%20treatment" title="electrokinetic treatment">electrokinetic treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20conductivity" title=" electrical conductivity"> electrical conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electroosmotic%20consolidation" title=" electroosmotic consolidation"> electroosmotic consolidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electroosmosis%20permeability%20ratio" title=" electroosmosis permeability ratio"> electroosmosis permeability ratio</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102675/laboratory-assessment-of-electrical-vertical-drains-in-composite-soils-using-kaolin-and-bentonite-clays" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102675.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Electrochemical Properties of Li-Ion Batteries Anode Material: Li₃.₈Cu₀.₁Ni₀.₁Ti₅O₁₂</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Olszewska">D. Olszewska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Niewiedzial"> J. Niewiedzial</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In some types of Li-ion batteries carbon in the form of graphite is used. Unfortunately, carbon materials, in particular graphite, have very good electrochemical properties, but increase their volume during charge/discharge cycles, which may even lead to an explosion of the cell. The cell element may be replaced by a composite material consisting of lithium-titanium oxide Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) modified with copper and nickel ions and carbon derived from sucrose. This way you can improve the conductivity of the material. LTO is appropriate only for applications which do not require high energy density because of its high operating voltage (ca. 1.5 V vs. Li/Li+). Specific capacity of Li4Ti5O12 is high enough for utilization in Li-ion batteries (theoretical capacity 175 mAh·g-1) but it is lower than capacity of graphite anodes. Materials based on Li4Ti5O12 do not change their volume during charging/discharging cycles, however, LTO has low conductivity. Another positive aspect of the use of sucrose in the carbon composite material is to eliminate the addition of carbon black from the anode of the battery. Therefore, the proposed materials contribute significantly to environmental protection and safety of selected lithium cells. New anode materials in order to obtain Li3.8Cu0.1Ni0.1Ti5O12 have been prepared by solid state synthesis using three-way: i) stoichiometric composition of Li2CO3, TiO2, CuO, NiO (A- Li3.8Cu0.1Ni0.1Ti5O12); ii) stoichiometric composition of Li2CO3, TiO2, Cu(NO3)2, Ni(NO3)2 (B-Li3.8Cu0.1Ni0.1Ti5O12); and iii) stoichiometric composition of Li2CO3, TiO2, CuO, NiO calcined with 10% of saccharose (Li3.8Cu0.1Ni0.1Ti5O12-C). Structure of materials was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical properties were performed using appropriately prepared cell Li|Li+|Li3.8Cu0.1Ni0.1Ti5O12 for cyclic voltammetry and discharge/charge measurements. The cells were periodically charged and discharged in the voltage range from 1.3 to 2.0 V applying constant charge/discharge current in order to determine the specific capacity of each electrode. Measurements at various values of the charge/discharge current (from C/10 to 5C) were carried out. Cyclic voltammetry investigation was carried out by applying to the cells a voltage linearly changing over time at a rate of 0.1 mV·s-1 (in the range from 2.0 to 1.3 V and from 1.3 to 2.0 V). The XRD method analyzes show that composite powders were obtained containing, in addition to the main phase, 4.78% and 4% TiO2 in A-Li3.8Cu0.1Ni0.1O12 and B-Li3.8Cu0.1Ni0.1O12, respectively. However, Li3.8Cu0.1Ni0.1O12-C material is three-phase: 63.84% of the main phase, 17.49 TiO2 and 18.67 Li2TiO3. Voltammograms of electrodes containing materials A-Li3.8Cu0.1Ni0.1O12 and B-Li3.8Cu0.1Ni0.1O12 are correct and repeatable. Peak cathode occurs for both samples at a potential approx. 1.52±0.01 V relative to a lithium electrode, while the anodic peak at potential approx. 1.65±0.05 V relative to a lithium electrode. Voltammogram of Li3.8Cu0.1Ni0.1Ti5O12-C (especially for the first measurement cycle) is not correct. There are large variations in values of specific current, which are not characteristic for materials LTO. From the point of view of safety and environmentally friendly production of Li-ion cells eliminating soot and applying Li3.8Cu0.1Ni0.1Ti5O12-C as an active material of an anode in lithium-ion batteries seems to be a good alternative to currently used materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anode" title="anode">anode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li-ion%20batteries" title=" Li-ion batteries"> Li-ion batteries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%E2%82%84O%E2%82%85O%E2%82%81%E2%82%82" title=" Li₄O₅O₁₂"> Li₄O₅O₁₂</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spinel" title=" spinel"> spinel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88987/electrochemical-properties-of-li-ion-batteries-anode-material-li38cu01ni01ti5o12" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88987.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Interdigitated Flexible Li-Ion Battery by Aerosol Jet Printing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yohann%20R.%20J.%20Thomas">Yohann R. J. Thomas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S%C3%A9bastien%20Solan"> Sébastien Solan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Conventional battery technology includes the assembly of electrode/separator/electrode by standard techniques such as stacking or winding, depending on the format size. In that type of batteries, coating or pasting techniques are only used for the electrode process. The processes are suited for large scale production of batteries and perfectly adapted to plenty of application requirements. Nevertheless, as the demand for both easier and cost-efficient production modes, flexible, custom-shaped and efficient small sized batteries is rising. Thin-film, printable batteries are one of the key areas for printed electronics. In the frame of European BASMATI project, we are investigating the feasibility of a new design of lithium-ion battery: interdigitated planar core design. Polymer substrate is used to produce bendable and flexible rechargeable accumulators. Direct fully printed batteries lead to interconnect the accumulator with other electronic functions for example organic solar cells (harvesting function), printed sensors (autonomous sensors) or RFID (communication function) on a common substrate to produce fully integrated, thin and flexible new devices. To fulfill those specifications, a high resolution printing process have been selected: Aerosol jet printing. In order to fit with this process parameters, we worked on nanomaterials formulation for current collectors and electrodes. In addition, an advanced printed polymer-electrolyte is developed to be implemented directly in the printing process in order to avoid the liquid electrolyte filling step and to improve safety and flexibility. Results: Three different current collectors has been studied and printed successfully. An ink of commercial copper nanoparticles has been formulated and printed, then a flash sintering was applied to the interdigitated design. A gold ink was also printed, the resulting material was partially self-sintered and did not require any high temperature post treatment. Finally, carbon nanotubes were also printed with a high resolution and well defined patterns. Different electrode materials were formulated and printed according to the interdigitated design. For cathodes, NMC and LFP were efficaciously printed. For anodes, LTO and graphite have shown to be good candidates for the fully printed battery. The electrochemical performances of those materials have been evaluated in a standard coin cell with lithium-metal counter electrode and the results are similar with those of a traditional ink formulation and process. A jellified plastic crystal solid state electrolyte has been developed and showed comparable performances to classical liquid carbonate electrolytes with two different materials. In our future developments, focus will be put on several tasks. In a first place, we will synthesize and formulate new specific nano-materials based on metal-oxyde. Then a fully printed device will be produced and its electrochemical performance will be evaluated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20resolution%20digital%20printing" title="high resolution digital printing">high resolution digital printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium-ion%20battery" title=" lithium-ion battery"> lithium-ion battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanomaterials" title=" nanomaterials"> nanomaterials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid-state%20electrolytes" title=" solid-state electrolytes"> solid-state electrolytes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60919/interdigitated-flexible-li-ion-battery-by-aerosol-jet-printing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60919.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); 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