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<span>Ownership</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ownership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publication_schedule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publication_schedule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Publication schedule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Publication_schedule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-LeMonde.fr" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#LeMonde.fr"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>LeMonde.fr</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-LeMonde.fr-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Social_media_presence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_media_presence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Social media presence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Social_media_presence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Reception</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Directors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Directors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Directors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Directors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Circulation_history_since_1999" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Circulation_history_since_1999"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Circulation history since 1999</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Circulation_history_since_1999-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prix_littéraire_du_Monde" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prix_littéraire_du_Monde"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Prix littéraire du <i>Monde</i></span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Prix_littéraire_du_Monde-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Prix littéraire du <i>Monde</i> subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Prix_littéraire_du_Monde-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Winners" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Winners"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Winners</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Winners-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Le Monde</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 66 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-66" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">66 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF" title="لو موند – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لو موند" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde_(q%C9%99zet)" title="Le Monde (qəzet) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Le Monde (qəzet)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%A6_(%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0)" title="ল্য মোঁদ (সংবাদপত্র) – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ল্য মোঁদ (সংবাদপত্র)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Монд – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Монд" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF" title="لو موند – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لو موند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A5%B4_%EB%AA%BD%EB%93%9C" title="르 몽드 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="르 몽드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%A8_%D5%84%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A4" title="Լը Մոնդ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լը Մոնդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%93" title="לה מונד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לה מונד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="მონდი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მონდი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF" title="لوموند – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لوموند" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89" title="ル・モンド – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ル・モンド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88_%D9%85%DB%86%D9%86%D8%AF" title="لو مۆند – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="لو مۆند" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="เลอมงด์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เลอมงด์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5-%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Ле-Монд – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ле-Монд" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Le Monde" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%8A%A5%EF%BC%88%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%89" title="世界报（法国） – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="世界报（法国）" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A0%B1" title="世界報 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="世界報" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh 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.logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}</style><table class="infobox vcard ib-newspaper"><caption class="infobox-title fn org"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="logo" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Le_Monde.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Le_Monde.svg/218px-Le_Monde.svg.png" decoding="async" width="218" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Le_Monde.svg/326px-Le_Monde.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Le_Monde.svg/435px-Le_Monde.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="317" data-file-height="73" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Une_Le_Monde.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="border" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Une_Le_Monde.jpg/250px-Une_Le_Monde.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="336" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Une_Le_Monde.jpg/375px-Une_Le_Monde.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Une_Le_Monde.jpg/500px-Une_Le_Monde.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2482" data-file-height="3340" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">First issue on 19 December 1944</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Daily <a href="/wiki/Newspaper" title="Newspaper">newspaper</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Format</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Berliner_(format)" title="Berliner (format)">Berliner</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Groupe_Le_Monde" title="Groupe Le Monde">Groupe Le Monde</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publisher</th><td class="infobox-data">Louis Dreyfus</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Editor</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Fenoglio" title="Jérôme Fenoglio">Jérôme Fenoglio</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Staff writers</th><td class="infobox-data">165</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">19 December 1944 (80 years, 54 days ago)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>French</li> <li>English (digital translation)<sup id="cite_ref-AFP_English_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AFP_English-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bloomberg_English_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloomberg_English-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label">67–69 Avenue Pierre Mendès-France <br /> 75707 <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> Cedex 13</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">France</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Newspaper_circulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspaper circulation">Circulation</a></th><td class="infobox-data">479,243 (total, 2022)<sup id="cite_ref-acpm_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-acpm-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />360,000 (digital, 2020)<sup id="cite_ref-acpm_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-acpm-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0395-2037">0395-2037</a> (print)<br /> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1950-6244">1950-6244</a> (web)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> number</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/833476932">833476932 </a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lemonde.fr">lemonde<wbr />.fr</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-top:0.4em; border-top: 1px solid #aaa"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of France">Media of France</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_France" title="List of newspapers in France">List of newspapers</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span></b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[lə<span class="wrap"> </span>mɔ̃d]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/8\/82\/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Jules78120-Le_Monde.wav\/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Jules78120-Le_Monde.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"LL-Q150 (fra)-Jules78120-Le Monde.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/82/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Jules78120-Le_Monde.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Jules78120-Le_Monde.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q150_(fra)-Jules78120-Le_Monde.wav" title="File:LL-Q150 (fra)-Jules78120-Le Monde.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span>; <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> for 'The World') is a <a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_France" title="Mass media in France">French</a> daily afternoon <a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_France" title="List of newspapers in France">newspaper</a>. It is the main publication of Le Monde Group and reported an average <a href="/wiki/Print_circulation" title="Print circulation">circulation</a> of 480,000 copies per issue in 2022, including 40,000 sold abroad. It has been available online since 1995, and it is often the only French newspaper easily obtainable in non-French-speaking countries. It should not be confused with the monthly publication <i><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Le_Monde_diplomatique" title="Le Monde diplomatique">Le Monde diplomatique</a></i></span></i>, of which <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> has 51% ownership but is editorially independent. <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> is considered one of the French <a href="/wiki/Newspapers_of_record" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers of record">newspapers of record</a>, along with <i><a href="/wiki/Lib%C3%A9ration" title="Libération">Libération</a></i> and <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Le_Figaro" title="Le Figaro">Le Figaro</a></i></span>. A <a href="/wiki/Reuters_Institute_for_the_Study_of_Journalism" title="Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism">Reuters Institute</a> poll in 2021 found that <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> is the most trusted French newspaper.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The paper's journalistic side has a collegial form of organization, in which most journalists are tenured, unionized, and financial stakeholders in the business. While shareholders appoint the company's CEO, the editor is elected by <i>Le Monde</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s journalists to defend the newsroom's independence. </p><p><i>Le Monde</i> has often broken major scandals, for instance, by directly implicating President <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Sinking_of_the_Rainbow_Warrior" title="Sinking of the Rainbow Warrior">sinking of the <i>Rainbow Warrior</i></a> in New Zealand. In contrast to other world newspapers such as <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> was traditionally focused on offering analysis and opinion, as opposed to being a newspaper of record. It de-emphasized maximum coverage of the news in favor of thoughtful interpretation of current events. In recent years the paper has established a greater distinction between fact and opinion.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> was founded by <a href="/wiki/Hubert_Beuve-M%C3%A9ry" title="Hubert Beuve-Méry">Hubert Beuve-Méry</a> at the request of <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a> (as Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_the_French_Republic" title="Provisional Government of the French Republic">Provisional Government of the French Republic</a>) on 19 December 1944, shortly after the <a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_Paris" title="Liberation of Paris">Liberation of Paris</a> from Nazism, and has published continuously since its first edition. In the 1990s and 2000s, La Vie-Le Monde Group expanded under editor <a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_Colombani" title="Jean-Marie Colombani">Jean-Marie Colombani</a> with a number of acquisitions; however, its profitability was not sufficient to cover the large debts it took on to fund this expansion, and it sought new investors in 2010 to keep the company from <a href="/wiki/Bankruptcy" title="Bankruptcy">bankruptcy</a>. In June 2010, French investors <a href="/wiki/Matthieu_Pigasse" title="Matthieu Pigasse">Matthieu Pigasse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Berg%C3%A9" title="Pierre Bergé">Pierre Bergé</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Xavier_Niel" title="Xavier Niel">Xavier Niel</a> acquired a controlling stake in the newspaper.<sup id="cite_ref-Willsher2010_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Willsher2010-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Monde&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Le_Monde&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2022</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> was founded in 1944,<sup id="cite_ref-bbc11_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc11-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at the request of General <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a>, after the <a href="/wiki/German_Army_(Wehrmacht)" class="mw-redirect" title="German Army (Wehrmacht)">German army</a> had been driven from Paris during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. The paper took over the headquarters and layout of <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Le_Temps_(Paris)" title="Le Temps (Paris)">Le Temps</a></i></span>, which had been the most important newspaper in France, but its reputation had suffered during the <a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_France_during_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="German occupation of France during World War II">Occupation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beuve-Méry reportedly demanded total <a href="/wiki/Editorial_independence" title="Editorial independence">editorial independence</a> as the condition for his taking on the project. <i>Le Monde</i> began publishing a weekly digest edition in English on 23 April 1969.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2006, on the 60th anniversary of its publishing début,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> moved into new headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Boulevard_Auguste-Blanqui" title="Boulevard Auguste-Blanqui">Boulevard Auguste-Blanqui</a>, <a href="/wiki/13th_arrondissement_of_Paris" title="13th arrondissement of Paris">13th arrondissement of Paris</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The building—formerly the headquarters of <a href="/wiki/Air_France" title="Air France">Air France</a>—was refashioned by <a href="/wiki/Bouygues" title="Bouygues">Bouygues</a> from the designs of <a href="/wiki/Christian_de_Portzamparc" title="Christian de Portzamparc">Christian de Portzamparc</a>. The building's façade has an enormous <a href="/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco">fresco</a> adorned by doves (drawn by <a href="/wiki/Plantu" title="Plantu">Plantu</a>) flying towards <a href="/wiki/Victor_Hugo" title="Victor Hugo">Victor Hugo</a>, symbolising <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press" title="Freedom of the press">freedom of the press</a>. In 2008, <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> was found guilty of defamation for saying that Spanish football club FC Barcelona was connected to a doctor involved in steroid use. The Spanish court fined the newspaper nearly $450,000.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, Groupe Le Monde announced that <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> would move into a new headquarters, also in the 13th arrondissement, around 2017, with space for 1,200 people.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2016, two <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> reporters were denied visas to visit Algeria as part of the French Prime Minister press convoy to Algeria. The denial of visas to <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> reporters caused some French media to boycott the event, including <i>Libération</i>, <i>Le Figaro</i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/France_Inter" title="France Inter">France Inter</a></i>. <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> had previously published the names of Algerian officials directly involved with the <a href="/wiki/Panama_Papers" title="Panama Papers">Panama Papers</a> scandal.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Coverage of the scandal in <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> included a front-page photo of President of Algeria <a href="/wiki/Abdelaziz_Bouteflika" title="Abdelaziz Bouteflika">Abdelaziz Bouteflika</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the paper clarified in its next edition that Bouteflika was not directly implicated, but maintained that his associates were. Bouteflika opened a <a href="/wiki/Libel_suit" class="mw-redirect" title="Libel suit">libel suit</a> against <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span>, which was later dropped after the newspaper apologised.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2017, Le Monde was certified as an International Fact-Checking Network member of the <a href="/wiki/Poynter_Institute" title="Poynter Institute">Poynter Institute</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>In 2023, Le Monde banned <a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel" title="Fossil fuel">fossil fuel</a> advertising to tackle <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span></i> is regarded as France's leading <a href="/wiki/Newspaper_of_record" title="Newspaper of record">newspaper of record</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2023, <i>Le Monde</i> joined with the <a href="/wiki/International_Consortium_of_Investigative_Journalists" title="International Consortium of Investigative Journalists">International Consortium of Investigative Journalists</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paper_trail_media" class="mw-redirect" title="Paper trail media">Paper Trail Media</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paper_trail_media" class="extiw" title="de:Paper trail media">de</a>]</span> and 69 media partners including <a href="/wiki/Distributed_Denial_of_Secrets" title="Distributed Denial of Secrets">Distributed Denial of Secrets</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Organized_Crime_and_Corruption_Reporting_Project" title="Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project">Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project</a> (OCCRP) and more than 270 journalists in 55 countries and territories<sup id="cite_ref-:02_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to produce the '<a href="/wiki/Cyprus_Confidential" title="Cyprus Confidential">Cyprus Confidential</a>' report on the financial network which supports the regime of <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a>, mostly with connections to Cyprus, and showed Cyprus to have strong links with high-up figures in the Kremlin, some of whom have been sanctioned.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Government officials including Cyprus president <a href="/wiki/Nikos_Christodoulides" title="Nikos Christodoulides">Nikos Christodoulides</a><sup id="cite_ref-:72_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:72-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and European lawmakers<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> began responding to the investigation's findings in less than 24 hours,<sup id="cite_ref-:7_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> calling for reforms and launching probes.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ownership">Ownership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Monde&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ownership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In June 2010, investors <a href="/wiki/Matthieu_Pigasse" title="Matthieu Pigasse">Matthieu Pigasse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Berg%C3%A9" title="Pierre Bergé">Pierre Bergé</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Xavier_Niel" title="Xavier Niel">Xavier Niel</a> acquired a controlling stake in the newspaper.<sup id="cite_ref-Willsher2010_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Willsher2010-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 2018, staff learned that Pigasse had sold 49% of his stake in the company to Czech businessman <a href="/wiki/Daniel_K%C5%99et%C3%ADnsk%C3%BD" title="Daniel Křetínský">Daniel Křetínský</a>. <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span>'s Independency Group, a minority shareholder that aims to protect the paper's <a href="/wiki/Editorial_independence" title="Editorial independence">editorial independence</a>, had not been informed of the sale, and asked Pigasse and Křetínský to sign an "approval agreement" that would give the Independency Group the right to approve or reject any controlling shareholder. As of September 2019<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Le_Monde&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, they had not done so.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publication_schedule">Publication schedule</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Monde&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Publication schedule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> is published around midday, and the <a href="/wiki/Cover_date" title="Cover date">cover date</a> on the masthead is the following day's. For instance, the issue released at midday on 15 March shows 16 March on the masthead. It is available on newsstands in France on the day of release and received by mail subscribers on the masthead date. The Saturday issue is a double one, for Saturday and Sunday, thus the latest edition can be found on newsstands from Monday to Friday included, while subscribers will receive it from Tuesday to Saturday. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="LeMonde.fr">LeMonde.fr</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Monde&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: LeMonde.fr"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> was among the first French newspapers on the web, with its first web edition on 19 December 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is among the 50 most visited websites in France.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Starting in the 2000s <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> allowed its subscribers to publish a blog on its website. These blogs were called the "les blogs abonnées du Monde.fr". On 10 April 2019, <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> announced that it would be closing its blog platform on 5 June 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-paysages1_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-paysages1-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-biosphere_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-biosphere-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the reasons for the closing of the blogs were unclear, it could be linked to the dominance of social networks like Facebook.<sup id="cite_ref-paysages2_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-paysages2-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> launched an English language edition of its news website on 7 April 2022, featuring its articles translated from French.<sup id="cite_ref-AFP_English_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AFP_English-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bloomberg_English_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloomberg_English-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Social_media_presence">Social media presence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Monde&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Social media presence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On January 20, 2025, <i>Le Monde</i> announced its withdrawal from the social network <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">X</a> (formerly Twitter), citing the "intensification of activism" by its owner <a href="/wiki/Elon_Musk" title="Elon Musk">Elon Musk</a> and the "growing toxicity of discussions" on the platform.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The editorial team emphasized that, although difficult, this decision aligns with their commitment to preserving editorial independence and avoiding contributing to an environment harmful to public debate.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Monde&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1981, <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> backed the election of socialist <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a>, partly on the grounds that the alternation of the political party in government would be beneficial to the democratic character of the state.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The paper endorsed centre-right candidate <a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Balladur" title="Édouard Balladur">Édouard Balladur</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1995_French_presidential_election" title="1995 French presidential election">1995 French presidential election</a>, and <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9gol%C3%A8ne_Royal" title="Ségolène Royal">Ségolène Royal</a>, the Socialist Party candidate, in the <a href="/wiki/2007_French_presidential_election" title="2007 French presidential election">2007 French presidential election</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Monde&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Le_Monde&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2022</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/Mitrokhin_Archive" title="Mitrokhin Archive">Mitrokhin Archive</a> investigators, <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> (KGB codename VESTNIK, "messenger") was the <a href="/wiki/KGB" title="KGB">KGB</a>'s key outlet for <a href="/wiki/Active_measures" title="Active measures">Soviet disinformation</a> in the French media. The archive identified two senior <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> journalists and several contributors who were used in the operations (see also the article on <a href="/wiki/Russian_influence_operations_in_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian influence operations in France">Russian influence operations in France</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Michel Legris, a former journalist with the paper, wrote <i>Le Monde tel qu'il est</i> (<i>Le Monde as it is</i>) in 1976. According to him, the journal minimized the atrocities the Cambodian <a href="/wiki/Khmer_Rouge" title="Khmer Rouge">Khmer Rouge</a> committed. In their 2003 book titled <i>La Face cachée du Monde</i> (<i>The Hidden face of "Le Monde"</i>), authors <a href="/wiki/Pierre_P%C3%A9an" title="Pierre Péan">Pierre Péan</a> and Philippe Cohen alleged that Colombani and then-editor <a href="/wiki/Edwy_Plenel" title="Edwy Plenel">Edwy Plenel</a> had shown, amongst other things, <a href="/wiki/Partisan_(political)" class="mw-redirect" title="Partisan (political)">partisan</a> <a href="/wiki/Bias" title="Bias">bias</a> and had engaged in financial dealings that compromised the paper's independence. It also accused the paper of dangerously damaging the authority of the French state by having revealed various political scandals (notably corruption scandals surrounding <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Chirac" title="Jacques Chirac">Jacques Chirac</a>, the "<a href="/wiki/Irish_of_Vincennes" title="Irish of Vincennes">Irish of Vincennes</a>" affair, and the sinking of a Greenpeace boat, the <i><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_Warrior_(1978)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rainbow Warrior (1978)">Rainbow Warrior</a></i>, by French intelligence under President <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a>). This book remains <a href="/wiki/Controversial" class="mw-redirect" title="Controversial">controversial</a>, but it attracted much attention and media coverage in France and worldwide at the time of its publication. Following a lawsuit, the authors and the publisher agreed in 2004 not to proceed with any reprinting.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Directors">Directors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Monde&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Directors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Beuve-M%C3%A9ry" title="Hubert Beuve-Méry">Hubert Beuve-Méry</a> (1944–1969)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_Fauvet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacques Fauvet (page does not exist)">Jacques Fauvet</a> (1969–1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Julien_(journalist)" title="Claude Julien (journalist)">Claude Julien</a> (1981–1982)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9_Laurens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="André Laurens (page does not exist)">André Laurens</a> (1982–1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Fontaine" title="André Fontaine">André Fontaine</a> (1985–1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Lesourne" title="Jacques Lesourne">Jacques Lesourne</a> (1991–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_Colombani" title="Jean-Marie Colombani">Jean-Marie Colombani</a> (1994–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ric_Fottorino" title="Éric Fottorino">Éric Fottorino</a> (2007–2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89rik_Izraelewicz" title="Érik Izraelewicz">Érik Izraelewicz</a> (2011–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Frachon" title="Alain Frachon">Alain Frachon</a> (2012–2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalie_Nougayr%C3%A8de" title="Natalie Nougayrède">Natalie Nougayrède</a> (2013–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Fenoglio" title="Jérôme Fenoglio">Jérôme Fenoglio</a> (since 2014)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Circulation_history_since_1999">Circulation history since 1999</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Monde&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Circulation history since 1999"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>1999</th> <th>2000</th> <th>2001</th> <th>2002</th> <th>2003</th> <th>2004</th> <th>2005</th> <th>2006</th> <th>2007</th> <th>2008</th> <th>2009</th> <th>2010</th> <th>2011 </th></tr> <tr> <td>Circulation </td> <td>325,295</td> <td>390,840</td> <td>392,772</td> <td>405,983</td> <td>407,069</td> <td>389,249</td> <td>371,803</td> <td>360,610</td> <td>350,039</td> <td>358,655</td> <td>340,131</td> <td>323,039</td> <td>319,022 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>2012</th> <th>2013</th> <th>2014</th> <th>2015</th> <th>2016</th> <th>2017</th> <th>2018</th> <th>2019</th> <th>2020</th> <th>2021</th> <th>2022</th> <th>2023 </th></tr> <tr> <td>Circulation </td> <td>318,236</td> <td>303,432</td> <td>298,529</td> <td>292,054</td> <td>289,555</td> <td>301,528</td> <td>302,624</td> <td>325,565</td> <td>393,109</td> <td>445,894</td> <td>472,767</td> <td>488,802 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prix_littéraire_du_Monde"><span id="Prix_litt.C3.A9raire_du_Monde"></span>Prix littéraire du <i>Monde</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Monde&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Prix littéraire du Monde"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <b>Prix littéraire du <i>Monde</i></b> has been awarded annually by <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Monde</i></span> since 2013. It is awarded at the beginning of September to a <a href="/wiki/Novel" title="Novel">novel</a> published at the start of the French literary season—or "rentrée littéraire". The winner of the prize is chosen by a jury made up of journalists—literary journalists from <i>Le Monde des livres</i>, cultural or other editorial staff—chaired by the director of the newspaper.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Winners">Winners</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Monde&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Winners"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Year </th> <th scope="col"> </th> <th scope="col">Author </th> <th scope="col">Title </th> <th scope="col">Publisher </th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable"><abbr title="Reference">Ref(s)</abbr> </th></tr> <tr> <td>2013 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yasmina_Reza_at_XIII_Prix_Di%C3%A1logo_-_Ceremonia_de_entrega.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Yasmina_Reza_at_XIII_Prix_Di%C3%A1logo_-_Ceremonia_de_entrega.jpg/40px-Yasmina_Reza_at_XIII_Prix_Di%C3%A1logo_-_Ceremonia_de_entrega.jpg" decoding="async" width="40" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Yasmina_Reza_at_XIII_Prix_Di%C3%A1logo_-_Ceremonia_de_entrega.jpg/60px-Yasmina_Reza_at_XIII_Prix_Di%C3%A1logo_-_Ceremonia_de_entrega.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Yasmina_Reza_at_XIII_Prix_Di%C3%A1logo_-_Ceremonia_de_entrega.jpg/80px-Yasmina_Reza_at_XIII_Prix_Di%C3%A1logo_-_Ceremonia_de_entrega.jpg 2x" data-file-width="524" data-file-height="704" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yasmina_Reza" title="Yasmina Reza">Yasmina Reza</a> </td> <td><i>Heureux les heureux</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Stock" class="mw-redirect" title="Éditions Stock">Éditions Stock</a> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2014 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emmanuel_Carr%C3%A8re_redux.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Emmanuel_Carr%C3%A8re_redux.jpg/40px-Emmanuel_Carr%C3%A8re_redux.jpg" decoding="async" width="40" height="51" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Emmanuel_Carr%C3%A8re_redux.jpg/60px-Emmanuel_Carr%C3%A8re_redux.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Emmanuel_Carr%C3%A8re_redux.jpg/80px-Emmanuel_Carr%C3%A8re_redux.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2711" data-file-height="3474" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Carr%C3%A8re" title="Emmanuel Carrère">Emmanuel Carrère</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Kingdom_(Carr%C3%A8re_novel)" title="The Kingdom (Carrère novel)">Le Royaume</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_P.O.L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Éditions P.O.L (page does not exist)">Éditions P.O.L</a> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2015 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Agn%C3%A8s_Desarthe_(2018).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Agn%C3%A8s_Desarthe_%282018%29.jpg/40px-Agn%C3%A8s_Desarthe_%282018%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="40" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Agn%C3%A8s_Desarthe_%282018%29.jpg/60px-Agn%C3%A8s_Desarthe_%282018%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Agn%C3%A8s_Desarthe_%282018%29.jpg/80px-Agn%C3%A8s_Desarthe_%282018%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="906" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Agn%C3%A8s_Desarthe" title="Agnès Desarthe">Agnès Desarthe</a> </td> <td><i>Ce cœur changeant</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ditions_de_l%27Olivier" title="Éditions de l'Olivier">Éditions de l'Olivier</a> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jablonka_au_festival_de_Brive_2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Jablonka_au_festival_de_Brive_2016.jpg/40px-Jablonka_au_festival_de_Brive_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="40" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Jablonka_au_festival_de_Brive_2016.jpg/60px-Jablonka_au_festival_de_Brive_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Jablonka_au_festival_de_Brive_2016.jpg/80px-Jablonka_au_festival_de_Brive_2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1735" data-file-height="1535" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Jablonka" title="Ivan Jablonka">Ivan Jablonka</a> </td> <td><i>Laëtitia ou la Fin des hommes</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ditions_du_Seuil" title="Éditions du Seuil">Éditions du Seuil</a> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2017 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Paris_-_Salon_du_livre_2013_-_Alice_Zeniter_-_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Paris_-_Salon_du_livre_2013_-_Alice_Zeniter_-_001.jpg/40px-Paris_-_Salon_du_livre_2013_-_Alice_Zeniter_-_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="40" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Paris_-_Salon_du_livre_2013_-_Alice_Zeniter_-_001.jpg/60px-Paris_-_Salon_du_livre_2013_-_Alice_Zeniter_-_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Paris_-_Salon_du_livre_2013_-_Alice_Zeniter_-_001.jpg/80px-Paris_-_Salon_du_livre_2013_-_Alice_Zeniter_-_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3168" data-file-height="4752" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alice_Zeniter" title="Alice Zeniter">Alice Zeniter</a> </td> <td><i>L'Art de perdre</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Flammarion" class="mw-redirect" title="Éditions Flammarion">Éditions Flammarion</a> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Ferrari_2010_(crop).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Ferrari_2010_%28crop%29.jpg/40px-J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Ferrari_2010_%28crop%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="40" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Ferrari_2010_%28crop%29.jpg/60px-J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Ferrari_2010_%28crop%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Ferrari_2010_%28crop%29.jpg/80px-J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Ferrari_2010_%28crop%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1110" data-file-height="1665" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Ferrari" title="Jérôme Ferrari">Jérôme Ferrari</a> </td> <td><i>À son image</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Actes_Sud" title="Actes Sud">Actes Sud</a> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:C%C3%A9cile_Coulon_redux.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/C%C3%A9cile_Coulon_redux.jpg/40px-C%C3%A9cile_Coulon_redux.jpg" decoding="async" width="40" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/C%C3%A9cile_Coulon_redux.jpg/60px-C%C3%A9cile_Coulon_redux.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/C%C3%A9cile_Coulon_redux.jpg/80px-C%C3%A9cile_Coulon_redux.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1654" data-file-height="1626" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9cile_Coulon" title="Cécile Coulon">Cécile Coulon</a> </td> <td><i>Une bête au paradis</i> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_de_l%27Iconoclaste&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Éditions de l'Iconoclaste (page does not exist)">Éditions de l'Iconoclaste</a> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2020 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Francesca_Serra_(2020).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Francesca_Serra_%282020%29.png/40px-Francesca_Serra_%282020%29.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Francesca_Serra_%282020%29.png/60px-Francesca_Serra_%282020%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Francesca_Serra_%282020%29.png/80px-Francesca_Serra_%282020%29.png 2x" data-file-width="863" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francesca_Serra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francesca Serra (page does not exist)">Francesca Serra</a> </td> <td><i>Elle a menti pour les ailes</i> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Anne_Carri%C3%A8re&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Éditions Anne Carrière (page does not exist)">Éditions Anne Carrière</a> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2021 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jean-Claude_Grumberg_par_Claude_Truong-Ngoc_novembre_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Jean-Claude_Grumberg_par_Claude_Truong-Ngoc_novembre_2013.jpg/40px-Jean-Claude_Grumberg_par_Claude_Truong-Ngoc_novembre_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="40" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Jean-Claude_Grumberg_par_Claude_Truong-Ngoc_novembre_2013.jpg/60px-Jean-Claude_Grumberg_par_Claude_Truong-Ngoc_novembre_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Jean-Claude_Grumberg_par_Claude_Truong-Ngoc_novembre_2013.jpg/80px-Jean-Claude_Grumberg_par_Claude_Truong-Ngoc_novembre_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3361" data-file-height="5041" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Grumberg" title="Jean-Claude Grumberg">Jean-Claude Grumberg</a> </td> <td><i>Jacqueline Jacqueline</i> </td> <td>Éditions du Seuil </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2022 </td> <td> </td> <td>Mathieu Belezi </td> <td><i>Attaquer la terre et le soleil</i> </td> <td>Le Tripode </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2023 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Neige_Sinno.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Neige_Sinno.jpg/40px-Neige_Sinno.jpg" decoding="async" width="40" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Neige_Sinno.jpg/60px-Neige_Sinno.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Neige_Sinno.jpg/80px-Neige_Sinno.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3065" data-file-height="2030" /></a></span> </td> <td>Neige Sinno </td> <td><i>Triste Tigre</i> </td> <td>Éditions P.O.L </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Monde&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output 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journalist (1930–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Pierre" title="Henri Pierre">Henri Pierre</a>, French journalist (1918–1994)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Monde&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/gpc/berliner-format">"The Berliner format"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+Berliner+format&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fgpc%2Fberliner-format&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+Monde" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AFP_English-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AFP_English_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AFP_English_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/media/2022/apr/07/le-monde-launches-digital-english-language-edition-partly-translated-by-ai">"Le Monde launches digital English language edition, partly translated by AI"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Agence_France-Presse" title="Agence France-Presse">Agence France-Presse</a>. 7 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+News&rft.atitle=Le+Monde+Launches+English+Website+on+Eve+of+French+Election&rft.date=2022-04-07&rft.aulast=Berthelot&rft.aufirst=Benoit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2022-04-07%2Fle-monde-launches-english-website-on-eve-of-french-election&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+Monde" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-acpm-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-acpm_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-acpm_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.acpm.fr/Support/le-monde">"Le Monde − History"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Alliance_pour_les_chiffres_de_la_presse_et_des_m%C3%A9dias" title="Alliance pour les chiffres de la presse et des médias">Alliance pour les chiffres de la presse et des médias</a></i> (in French). n.d. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20230620190214/https://www.acpm.fr/Support/le-monde">Archived</a> from the original on 20 June 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alliance+pour+les+chiffres+de+la+presse+et+des+m%C3%A9dias&rft.atitle=Le+Monde+%E2%88%92+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.acpm.fr%2FSupport%2Fle-monde&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+Monde" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlice_Antheaume2021" class="citation web cs1">Alice Antheaume (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/digital-news-report/2021/france">"France"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters_Institute_for_the_Study_of_Journalism" title="Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism">Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters+Institute+for+the+Study+of+Journalism&rft.atitle=France&rft.date=2021&rft.au=Alice+Antheaume&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk%2Fdigital-news-report%2F2021%2Ffrance&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+Monde" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117123357/http://www.lombard-media.lu/pdf/FR/LeMonde_comment.pdf">"Portrait d'un quotidien"</a> [Portrait of a daily] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Le Monde</i> (in French). June 2003. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=The+press+in+France&rft.date=2006-11-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F4295349.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+Monde" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150225005455/http://www.mheducation.co.uk/openup/chapters/9780335236220.pdf">"Historical development of the media in France"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. McGraw-Hill Education. 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"The Golden Age and the War Years". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yexzGHVggokC"><i>The National Daily Press of France</i></a>. Summa Publications, Inc. p. 113. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-883479-20-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-883479-20-7"><bdi>1-883479-20-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Golden+Age+and+the+War+Years&rft.btitle=The+National+Daily+Press+of+France&rft.pages=113&rft.pub=Summa+Publications%2C+Inc&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=1-883479-20-7&rft.aulast=Thogmartin&rft.aufirst=Clyde&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyexzGHVggokC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+Monde" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFL._Hess1969" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_L._Hess" title="John L. Hess">L. Hess, John</a> (13 April 1969). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1969/04/13/archives/english-edition-of-le-monde-due-leading-paris-paper-starts-weekly.html">"English Edition of Le Monde Due; Leading Paris Paper Starts Weekly Digest April 23"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230620171957/https://www.nytimes.com/1969/04/13/archives/english-edition-of-le-monde-due-leading-paris-paper-starts-weekly.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 June 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2016</span>. <q>Editeur Société Éditrice du Monde [...] Dont le siège social est situé 80, boulevard Auguste-Blanqui – 75707 Paris cedex 13</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.atitle=Mentions+l%C3%A9gales&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmoncompte.lemonde.fr%2Fmentions-legales&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+Monde" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/sports/soccer/2008-01-15-572480161_x.htm">"Barcelona wins lawsuit against French newspaper Le Monde"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i>. 15 January 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+the+Cyprus+Confidential+investigation+-+ICIJ&rft.date=2023-11-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icij.org%2Finvestigations%2Fcyprus-confidential%2Fabout-cyprus-confidential-investigation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+Monde" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/business/financial-services/2023/11/15/cyprus-confidential-leaked-roman-abramovich-documents-raise-fresh-questions-for-chelsea-fc/">"Cyprus Confidential: Leaked Roman Abramovich documents raise fresh questions for Chelsea FC: ICIJ-led investigation reveals how Mediterranean island ignores Russian atrocities and western sanctions to cash in on Putin's oligarchs"</a>. <i>The Irish Times</i>. 15 November 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lawmakers+call+for+EU+crackdown+after+ICIJ%E2%80%99s+Cyprus+Confidential+revelations+-+ICIJ&rft.date=2023-11-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icij.org%2Finvestigations%2Fcyprus-confidential%2Flawmakers-call-for-eu-crackdown-after-icijs-cyprus-confidential-revelations%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+Monde" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:7-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:7_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/cypriot-president-pledges-government-probe-into-cyprus-confidential-revelations/">"Cypriot president pledges government probe into Cyprus Confidential revelations - ICIJ"</a>. 15 November 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231214203142/https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/cypriot-president-pledges-government-probe-into-cyprus-confidential-revelations/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 December 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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The KGB in Europe and the West</i>. London, Penguin Books 2000, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-028487-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-028487-4">978-0-14-028487-4</a>, p. 613.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBirnbaum2015" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Birnbaum, Jean (8 September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/livres/article/2015/09/09/le-monde-remet-son-prix-litteraire_4749640_3260.html">"<i>Le Monde</i> remet son prix littéraire"</a>. <i>Le Monde</i> (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.atitle=Le+Monde+remet+son+prix+litt%C3%A9raire&rft.date=2015-09-08&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Flivres%2Farticle%2F2015%2F09%2F09%2Fle-monde-remet-son-prix-litteraire_4749640_3260.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+Monde" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBirnbaum2013" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Birnbaum, Jean (22 May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/livres/article/2013/05/22/les-livres-du-monde_3415654_3260.html">"Les livres du "Monde"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Le Monde</i> (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.atitle=Les+livres+du+%22Monde%22&rft.date=2013-05-22&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Flivres%2Farticle%2F2013%2F05%2F22%2Fles-livres-du-monde_3415654_3260.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+Monde" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.liberation.fr/culture/2014/09/10/le-royaume-d-emmanuel-carrere-recoit-le-prix-litteraire-du-monde_1097850/">"<i>Le Royaume</i> d'Emmanuel Carrère reçoit le prix littéraire du <i>Monde</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Lib%C3%A9ration" title="Libération">Libération</a></i> (in French). <a href="/wiki/Agence_France-Presse" title="Agence France-Presse">Agence France-Presse</a>. 10 September 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lib%C3%A9ration&rft.atitle=Le+Royaume+d%27Emmanuel+Carr%C3%A8re+re%C3%A7oit+le+prix+litt%C3%A9raire+du+Monde&rft.date=2014-09-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.liberation.fr%2Fculture%2F2014%2F09%2F10%2Fle-royaume-d-emmanuel-carrere-recoit-le-prix-litteraire-du-monde_1097850%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+Monde" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/livres/article/2015/09/10/ce-c-ur-changeant-d-agnes-desarthe-prix-litteraire-du-monde-2015_4750503_3260.html">"<i>Ce cœur changeant</i> d'Agnès Desarthe, prix littéraire du <i>Monde</i> 2015"</a>. <i>Le Monde</i> (in French). 9 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.atitle=Ce+c%C5%93ur+changeant+d%27Agn%C3%A8s+Desarthe%2C+prix+litt%C3%A9raire+du+Monde+2015&rft.date=2015-09-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Flivres%2Farticle%2F2015%2F09%2F10%2Fce-c-ur-changeant-d-agnes-desarthe-prix-litteraire-du-monde-2015_4750503_3260.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+Monde" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLoret2016" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Loret, Eric (7 September 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/livres/article/2016/09/07/ivan-jablonka-un-historien-qui-recoit-un-prix-litteraire-cela-peut-surprendre_4994172_3260.html">"<i>Le Monde</i> remet son prix littéraire à <i>Laëtitia ou la Fin des hommes</i> d'Ivan Jablonka"</a>. <i>Le Monde</i> (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.atitle=Le+Monde+remet+son+prix+litt%C3%A9raire+%C3%A0+La%C3%ABtitia+ou+la+Fin+des+hommes+d%27Ivan+Jablonka&rft.date=2016-09-07&rft.aulast=Loret&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Flivres%2Farticle%2F2016%2F09%2F07%2Fivan-jablonka-un-historien-qui-recoit-un-prix-litteraire-cela-peut-surprendre_4994172_3260.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+Monde" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBirnbaumLeyris2017" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Birnbaum, Jean; Leyris, Raphaëlle (6 September 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/livres/article/2017/09/06/le-monde-remet-son-prix-litteraire-a-alice-zeniter-pour-l-art-de-perdre_5181957_3260.html">"<i>Le Monde</i> remet son prix littéraire à Alice Zeniter pour <i>L'Art de perdre</i>"</a>. <i>Le Monde</i> (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.atitle=Le+Monde+remet+son+prix+litt%C3%A9raire+%C3%A0+Alice+Zeniter+pour+L%27Art+de+perdre&rft.date=2017-09-06&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft.au=Leyris%2C+Rapha%C3%ABlle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Flivres%2Farticle%2F2017%2F09%2F06%2Fle-monde-remet-son-prix-litteraire-a-alice-zeniter-pour-l-art-de-perdre_5181957_3260.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+Monde" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBirnbaumLeyris2018" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Birnbaum, Jean; Leyris, Raphaëlle (5 September 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/livres/article/2018/09/05/le-monde-remet-son-prix-litteraire-a-jerome-ferrari-pour-a-son-image_5350791_3260.html">"<i>Le Monde</i> remet son prix littéraire à Jérôme Ferrari pour <i>A son image</i>"</a>. <i>Le Monde.fr</i> (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde.fr&rft.atitle=Le+Monde+remet+son+prix+litt%C3%A9raire+%C3%A0+J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me+Ferrari+pour+A+son+image&rft.date=2018-09-05&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft.au=Leyris%2C+Rapha%C3%ABlle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Flivres%2Farticle%2F2018%2F09%2F05%2Fle-monde-remet-son-prix-litteraire-a-jerome-ferrari-pour-a-son-image_5350791_3260.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+Monde" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeyrisBirnbaum2019" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Leyris, Raphaëlle; Birnbaum, Jean (4 November 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/livres/article/2019/09/04/le-monde-remet-son-prix-litteraire-a-cecile-coulon-pour-une-bete-au-paradis_5506468_3260.html">"<i>Le Monde</i> remet son prix littéraire à Cécile Coulon pour <i>Une bête au Paradis</i>"</a>. <i>Le Monde</i> (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.atitle=Le+Monde+remet+son+prix+litt%C3%A9raire+%C3%A0+C%C3%A9cile+Coulon+pour+Une+b%C3%AAte+au+Paradis&rft.date=2019-11-04&rft.aulast=Leyris&rft.aufirst=Rapha%C3%ABlle&rft.au=Birnbaum%2C+Jean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Flivres%2Farticle%2F2019%2F09%2F04%2Fle-monde-remet-son-prix-litteraire-a-cecile-coulon-pour-une-bete-au-paradis_5506468_3260.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+Monde" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBirnbaum2020" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Birnbaum, Jean (7 September 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/livres/article/2020/09/07/francesca-serra-prix-litteraire-le-monde-2020-aller-voir-les-monstres-d-angoisse-qu-il-y-a-dans-les-profondeurs-de-la-superficialite_6051304_3260.html">"Francesca Serra, Prix littéraire <i>Le Monde</i> 2020 : "Aller voir les monstres d'angoisse qu'il y a dans les profondeurs de la superficialité"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Le Monde</i> (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.atitle=Francesca+Serra%2C+Prix+litt%C3%A9raire+Le+Monde+2020+%3A+%22Aller+voir+les+monstres+d%27angoisse+qu%27il+y+a+dans+les+profondeurs+de+la+superficialit%C3%A9%22&rft.date=2020-09-07&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Flivres%2Farticle%2F2020%2F09%2F07%2Ffrancesca-serra-prix-litteraire-le-monde-2020-aller-voir-les-monstres-d-angoisse-qu-il-y-a-dans-les-profondeurs-de-la-superficialite_6051304_3260.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+Monde" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeill2021" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Weill, Nicolas (8 September 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/livres/article/2021/09/08/jean-claude-grumberg-remporte-le-prix-litteraire-le-monde-2021-pour-jacqueline-jacqueline_6093944_3260.html">"Jean-Claude Grumberg remporte le prix littéraire <i>Le Monde</i> 2021 pour <i>Jacqueline Jacqueline</i>"</a>. <i>Le Monde</i> (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.atitle=Jean-Claude+Grumberg+remporte+le+prix+litt%C3%A9raire+Le+Monde+2021+pour+Jacqueline+Jacqueline&rft.date=2021-09-08&rft.aulast=Weill&rft.aufirst=Nicolas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Flivres%2Farticle%2F2021%2F09%2F08%2Fjean-claude-grumberg-remporte-le-prix-litteraire-le-monde-2021-pour-jacqueline-jacqueline_6093944_3260.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+Monde" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/livres/article/2022/09/07/mathieu-belezi-remporte-le-prix-litteraire-le-monde-2022-pour-attaquer-la-terre-et-le-soleil_6140619_3260.html">"Mathieu Belezi remporte le prix littéraire « Le Monde » 2022 pour « Attaquer la terre et le soleil »"</a>. <i>Le Monde.fr</i> (in French). 7 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde.fr&rft.atitle=Mathieu+Belezi+remporte+le+prix+litt%C3%A9raire+%C2%AB+Le+Monde+%C2%BB+2022+pour+%C2%AB+Attaquer+la+terre+et+le+soleil+%C2%BB&rft.date=2022-09-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Flivres%2Farticle%2F2022%2F09%2F07%2Fmathieu-belezi-remporte-le-prix-litteraire-le-monde-2022-pour-attaquer-la-terre-et-le-soleil_6140619_3260.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+Monde" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/livres/article/2023/09/06/neige-sinno-remporte-le-prix-litteraire-le-monde-2023-pour-triste-tigre_6188164_3260.html">"Neige Sinno remporte le prix littéraire « Le Monde » 2023 pour « Triste tigre »"</a>. <i>Le Monde.fr</i> (in French). 6 September 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde.fr&rft.atitle=Neige+Sinno+remporte+le+prix+litt%C3%A9raire+%C2%AB+Le+Monde+%C2%BB+2023+pour+%C2%AB+Triste+tigre+%C2%BB&rft.date=2023-09-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Flivres%2Farticle%2F2023%2F09%2F06%2Fneige-sinno-remporte-le-prix-litteraire-le-monde-2023-pour-triste-tigre_6188164_3260.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+Monde" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Monde&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Merrill, John C.; Harold A. Fisher (1980). <i>The world's great dailies: profiles of fifty newspapers</i>. pp. 202–10.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Monde&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_France" title="List of newspapers in France">Main newspapers and news magazines in France</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Daily</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="National130" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Media_of_France#Daily_newspapers_and_circulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of France">National</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/20_minutes_(France)" title="20 minutes (France)">20 minutes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Parisien" title="Le Parisien">Aujourd'hui en France</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Croix_(newspaper)" title="La Croix (newspaper)">La Croix</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Les_%C3%89chos_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Les Échos (France)">Les Échos</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/L%27%C3%89quipe" title="L'Équipe">L'Équipe</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Figaro" title="Le Figaro">Le Figaro</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lib%C3%A9ration" title="Libération">Libération</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/L%27Humanit%C3%A9" title="L'Humanité">L'Humanité</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Le Monde</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/L%27Opinion_(French_newspaper)" title="L'Opinion (French newspaper)">L'Opinion</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Media_of_France#Regional_daily_newspapers" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of France">Regional</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/La_D%C3%A9p%C3%AAche_du_Midi" title="La Dépêche du Midi">La Dépêche du Midi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/L%27Est_R%C3%A9publicain" title="L'Est Républicain">L'Est Républicain</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Provence" title="La Provence">La Provence</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Voix_du_Nord" title="La Voix du Nord">La Voix du Nord</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Parisien" title="Le Parisien">Le Parisien</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nice-Matin" title="Nice-Matin">Nice-Matin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ouest-France" title="Ouest-France">Ouest-France</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sud_Ouest_(newspaper)" title="Sud Ouest (newspaper)">Sud Ouest</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Weekly</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Courrier_International" title="Courrier International">Courrier International</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/L%27Humanit%C3%A9_Dimanche" title="L'Humanité Dimanche">L'Humanité Dimanche</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Vie_(magazine)" title="La Vie (magazine)">La Vie</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/L%27Express" title="L'Express">L'Express</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Figaro_Magazine" title="Le Figaro Magazine">Le Figaro Magazine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Journal_du_Dimanche" title="Le Journal du Dimanche">Le Journal du Dimanche</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Nouvel_Obs" title="Le Nouvel Obs">Le Nouvel Obs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marianne_(magazine)" title="Marianne (magazine)">Marianne</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Paris_Match" title="Paris Match">Paris Match</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Valeurs_actuelles" title="Valeurs actuelles">Valeurs actuelles</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Point" title="Le Point">Le Point</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Satirical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Hebdo" title="Charlie Hebdo">Charlie Hebdo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Canard_encha%C3%AEn%C3%A9" title="Le Canard enchaîné">Le Canard enchaîné</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Economics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Challenges_(magazine)" title="Challenges (magazine)">Challenges</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Investir" title="Investir">Investir</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Tribune" title="La Tribune">La Tribune</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Nouvel_%C3%89conomiste" title="Le Nouvel Économiste">Le Nouvel Économiste</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Monthly</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Monde_diplomatique" title="Le Monde diplomatique">Le Monde diplomatique</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Economics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alternatives_%C3%A9conomiques" title="Alternatives économiques">Alternatives économiques</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12461#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1568" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12461#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1568" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12461#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4040040-2">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79065890">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118704901">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118704901">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Le monde"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/BCTV000556">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Le Monde (noviny)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=unn2006375093&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007503700705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028639332">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/label/a32ee189-d3b6-443a-8969-7c3e3192b30e">MusicBrainz label</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: 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