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class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Witryna"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Spis treści" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Spis treści</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Wybrane zwroty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wybrane_zwroty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uwagi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uwagi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Uwagi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uwagi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Przypisy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Przypisy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Przypisy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Przypisy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Spis treści" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Spis treści" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Przełącz stan spisu treści" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Przełącz stan spisu treści</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Język liwski</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Przejdź do artykułu w innym języku. Treść dostępna w 84 językach" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-84" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">84 języki</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyfs" title="Lyfs – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Lyfs" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livische_Sprache" title="Livische Sprache – szwajcarski niemiecki" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Livische Sprache" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="szwajcarski niemiecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liivikiel%C3%A2" title="Liivikielâ – inari" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Liivikielâ" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="inari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="اللغة الليفونية – arabski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اللغة الليفونية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_livonio" title="Idioma livonio – aragoński" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Idioma livonio" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_livoniu" title="Idioma livoniu – asturyjski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Idioma livoniu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livon_dili" title="Livon dili – azerbejdżański" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Livon dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbejdżański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="لیوون دیلی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لیوون دیلی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="লিভোনীয় ভাষা – bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লিভোনীয় ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livonia-g%C3%AD" title="Livonia-gí – minnański" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Livonia-gí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Ліўская мова – białoruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ліўская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="białoruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Ліўская мова – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ліўская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Ливонски език – bułgarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ливонски език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bułgarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livoneg" title="Livoneg – bretoński" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Livoneg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livoni%C3%A0" title="Livonià – kataloński" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Livonià" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataloński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8" title="Лив чĕлхи – czuwaski" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Лив чĕлхи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="czuwaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livon%C5%A1tina" title="Livonština – czeski" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Livonština" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="czeski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifoneg" title="Lifoneg – walijski" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Lifoneg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livisk_(sprog)" title="Livisk (sprog) – duński" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Livisk (sprog)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="duński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liivigiella" title="Liivigiella – północnolapoński" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Liivigiella" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="północnolapoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livische_Sprache" title="Livische Sprache – niemiecki" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Livische Sprache" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="niemiecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liivi_keel" title="Liivi keel – estoński" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Liivi keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Λιβονική γλώσσα – grecki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λιβονική γλώσσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livonian_language" title="Livonian language – angielski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Livonian language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angielski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Ливень кель – erzja" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Ливень кель" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_livonio" title="Idioma livonio – hiszpański" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Idioma livonio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hiszpański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livona_lingvo" title="Livona lingvo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Livona lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livoniera" title="Livoniera – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Livoniera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="زبان لیوونیایی – perski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان لیوونیایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livonian_bhasa" title="Livonian bhasa – hindi fidżyjskie" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Livonian bhasa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi fidżyjskie" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livonskt_m%C3%A1l" title="Livonskt mál – farerski" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Livonskt mál" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="farerski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Live_(langue)" title="Live (langue) – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Live (langue)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livonish" title="Livonish – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Livonish" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_livonia" title="Lingua livonia – galicyjski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua livonia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EB%B3%B4%EB%8B%88%EC%95%84%EC%96%B4" title="리보니아어 – koreański" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="리보니아어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%AB%D5%BE%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Լիվերեն – ormiański" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լիվերեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ormiański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livoniana_linguo" title="Livoniana linguo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Livoniana linguo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Livonia" title="Bahasa Livonia – indonezyjski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Livonia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_livone" title="Lingua livone – włoski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua livone" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="włoski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="ליבונית – hebrajski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ליבונית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ლივური ენა – gruziński" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლივური ენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruziński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Лив тілі – kazachski" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Лив тілі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazachski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livoniek" title="Livoniek – kornijski" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Livoniek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikilivoniya" title="Ikilivoniya – kinya-ruanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Ikilivoniya" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="kinya-ruanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Лив кыв – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Лив кыв" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziman%C3%AA_l%C3%AEvon%C3%AE" title="Zimanê lîvonî – kurdyjski" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zimanê lîvonî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%B9%D3%B9%D0%BB%D0%BC%D3%B9" title="Лив йӹлмӹ – zachodniomaryjski" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Лив йӹлмӹ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="zachodniomaryjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C4%ABvu_vol%C5%ABda" title="Līvu volūda – łatgalski" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Līvu volūda" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="łatgalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Livonica" title="Lingua Livonica – łaciński" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Livonica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="łaciński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="medal"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C4%ABbie%C5%A1u_valoda" title="Lībiešu valoda – łotewski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Lībiešu valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="łotewski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="medal"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyvi%C5%B3_kalba" title="Lyvių kalba – litewski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Lyvių kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litewski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liefs" title="Liefs – limburski" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Liefs" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liivin_kieli" title="Liivin kieli – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Liivin kieli" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_livon" title="Lengua livon – lombardzki" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Lengua livon" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADv_nyelv" title="Lív nyelv – węgierski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Lív nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="węgierski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Ливонски јазик – macedoński" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ливонски јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_liv%C3%B4niana" title="Fiteny livôniana – malgaski" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny livôniana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ლივური ნინა – megrelski" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ლივური ნინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="megrelski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lijfs" title="Lijfs – niderlandzki" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lijfs" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A9%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A2%E8%AA%9E" title="リヴォニア語 – japoński" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リヴォニア語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liiwisk" title="Liiwisk – północnofryzyjski" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Liiwisk" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="północnofryzyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livisk" title="Livisk – norweski (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Livisk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norweski (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livisk" title="Livisk – norweski (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Livisk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norweski (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Лив кыв – komi-permiacki" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Лив кыв" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="komi-permiacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_Liv" title="Lenga Liv – piemoncki" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga Liv" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemoncki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_livoniana" title="Língua livoniana – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua livoniana" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobry artykuł"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Ливский язык – rosyjski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ливский язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rosyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livonian_leid" title="Livonian leid – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Livonian leid" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livonian_language" title="Livonian language – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Livonian language" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Ливонски језик – serbski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ливонски језик" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livonski_jezik" title="Livonski jezik – serbsko-chorwacki" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Livonski jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbsko-chorwacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liivin_kieli" title="Liivin kieli – fiński" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Liivin kieli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liviska" title="Liviska – szwedzki" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Liviska" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="szwedzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Лив теле – tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Лив теле" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livonca" title="Livonca – turecki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Livonca" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Лівська мова – ukraiński" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лівська мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livin_kel%27" title="Livin kel' – wepski" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Livin kel'" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="wepski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Livonia" title="Tiếng Livonia – wietnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Livonia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="wietnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liivi_kiil" title="Liivi kiil – võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Liivi kiil" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E6%B2%83%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E8%AF%AD" title="利沃尼亚语 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="利沃尼亚语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E7%AA%A9%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E6%96%87" title="立窩尼亞文 – kantoński" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="立窩尼亞文" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C4%ABviu_kalba" title="Līviu kalba – żmudzki" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Līviu kalba" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="żmudzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E7%AA%9D%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E8%AF%AD" title="立窝尼亚语 – chiński" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="立窝尼亚语" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Livonia" title="Basa Livonia – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Basa Livonia" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q33698#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edytuj linki pomiędzy wersjami językowymi" class="wbc-editpage">Edytuj linki</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Przestrzenie nazw"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_liwski" title="Zobacz stronę treści [c]" 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class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikifunctions mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikifunctions.org/wiki/Z1228" hreflang="en"><span>Wikifunkcje</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q33698" title="Link do powiązanego elementu w repozytorium danych [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidanych</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Narzędzia dla stron"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Wygląd"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Wygląd</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedii, wolnej encyklopedii</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pl" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r75281693">.mw-parser-output table.jezyk.infobox>tbody>tr>.naglowek{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;padding:2px;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}.mw-parser-output .maf-info{font-size:90%;text-align:left;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}.mw-parser-output .wwikipedii tr{background:var(--background-color-base,#fff)}.mw-parser-output .wwikipedii th{vertical-align:middle;width:30px;border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .wwikipedii td{vertical-align:middle;border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center}</style> <table class="infobox jezyk"> <caption class="naglowek"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r75562627">.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;gap:4px}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-ikona{flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0;font-size:7px;max-width:40px;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-tekst{flex-grow:1}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-1{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-2{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-3{font-style:italic;font-size:90%}</style><div class="iboxt-1">līvõ kēļ</div> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Obszar </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/%C5%81otwa" title="Łotwa">Łotwa</a> i inne </p> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left;"> <th>Liczba mówiących </th> <td> <p>pierwszy język: 1, poziom A1-A2: 210, poziom B1: 40 </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Pismo" title="Pismo">Pismo</a>/<a href="/wiki/Alfabet" title="Alfabet">alfabet</a> </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_%C5%82aci%C5%84ski" title="Alfabet łaciński">łacińskie</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="naglowek" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Klasyfikacja_j%C4%99zyk%C3%B3w" title="Klasyfikacja języków">Klasyfikacja genetyczna</a> </th></tr> <tr class="tree"> <td colspan="2"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_uralskie" title="Języki uralskie">Języki uralskie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_ugrofi%C5%84skie" title="Języki ugrofińskie">Języki ugrofińskie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_fi%C5%84skie" title="Języki fińskie">Języki fińskie</a></li> <li>Język liwski</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="naglowek" colspan="2">Status oficjalny </th></tr> <tr class="iboxs"> <th><a href="/wiki/Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a> </th> <td>9 drzemiący<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29051560" class="extiw" title="d:Q29051560">↗</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="naglowek" colspan="2">Kody języka </th></tr> <tr> <th>ISO 639-3 </th> <td>liv </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</a> </th> <td>liv </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a> </th> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/livv1244">livv1244</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a> </th> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/language/liv">liv</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>WALS </th> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wals.info/languoid/lect/wals_code_liv">liv</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/SIL_International" title="SIL International">SIL</a> </th> <td>LIV </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="naglowek">W Wikipedii </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"> <table class="iboxtab wwikipedii"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#f8f8f8; color:black; text-align:center; border-top:0px; padding-bottom:0.5em;">Zobacz też: <a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_(mowa)" title="Język (mowa)">język</a>, <a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_%C5%9Bwiata" title="Języki świata">języki świata</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="maf-info"><b>Ta strona zawiera symbole fonetyczne <a href="/wiki/Mi%C4%99dzynarodowy_alfabet_fonetyczny" title="Międzynarodowy alfabet fonetyczny">MAF</a>.</b> Bez właściwego wsparcia renderowania wyświetlane mogą być puste prostokąty lub inne symbole zamiast znaków <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unikodu</a>. </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="infobox noprint plainlinks" cellpadding="4" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; width:30px;"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Incubator-logo.svg/22px-Incubator-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Incubator-logo.svg/33px-Incubator-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Incubator-logo.svg/45px-Incubator-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="799" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:normal; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; flex:unset;">W Inkubatorze znajduje się testowa wersja <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedii</a> <b><a href="https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/liv" class="extiw" title="incubator:Wp/liv">w języku liwskim</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Język liwski</b> (inna nazwa: <b>język liwoński</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup>; <i>līvõ kēļ</i>, także <i>rāndakēļ</i> – „język z wybrzeża”) – <a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_(mowa)" title="Język (mowa)">język</a> <a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_ugrofi%C5%84skie" title="Języki ugrofińskie">ugrofiński</a>, podgrupy <a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_fi%C5%84skie" title="Języki fińskie">fińskiej</a> z <a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_uralskie" title="Języki uralskie">rodziny uralskiej</a>, blisko spokrewniony z <a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_esto%C5%84ski" title="Język estoński">estońskim</a>. </p><p>Liwski jest <a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_wymar%C5%82y" title="Język wymarły">językiem wymarłym</a>. Ostatnia osoba, dla której był językiem ojczystym – Grizelda Kristiņa – zmarła 2 czerwca 2013 w <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanadzie</a> w wieku 103 lat<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup>. Obecnie liwski używany jest jeszcze przez kilkadziesiąt osób należących do narodu <a href="/wiki/Liwowie" title="Liwowie">Liwów</a>, zamieszkujących kilka wsi w północno-zachodnim skrawku <a href="/wiki/%C5%81otwa" title="Łotwa">Łotwy</a>, jednak jest on dla nich językiem wyuczonym. Aktualnie jedyną osobą, dla której język liwski jest językiem ojczystym, jest urodzona w 2020 roku Kuldi Medne, której rodzice są działaczami na rzecz odrodzenia języka Liwów<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup>. </p><p>Język liwski w XII wieku używany był na ok. 70% terytorium obecnej Łotwy, a do końca średniowiecza obszar ten zmalał do 10% (w części północnej tego kraju) i stale zmniejszał swój zasięg na skutek wypierania go przez <a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_%C5%82otewski" title="Język łotewski">język łotewski</a>. Liwski znalazł się na granicy wymarcia już w poł. XIX w., jednak starania o jego zachowanie podjęte przez badaczy (głównie fińskich) pozwoliły mu przetrwać do wieku XX. Pewne odrodzenie języka liwskiego nastąpiło w okresie międzywojennym, gdy rząd niepodległej Łotwy czynił starania o zachowanie kultury i języka Liwów. Po <a href="/wiki/II_wojna_%C5%9Bwiatowa" title="II wojna światowa">II wojnie światowej</a> język liwski nie cieszył się żadnymi względami władz i, z racji posiadania niewielu użytkowników, coraz bardziej zmniejszał swój zasięg. Po odzyskaniu niepodległości przez Łotwę, władze tego kraju podjęły starania o odrodzenie tego języka. Nauczany jest on w szkołach, a także wykładany na uniwersytecie w <a href="/wiki/Ryga" title="Ryga">Rydze</a>. Prawdopodobnie jednak starania o zachowanie tego języka są spóźnione, ponieważ nawet jedyne czasopismo Liwów wydawane jest w języku łotewskim. Do zapisu języka liwskiego stosowany jest zmodyfikowany <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_%C5%82aci%C5%84ski" title="Alfabet łaciński">alfabet łaciński</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alfabet">Alfabet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_liwski&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj sekcję: Alfabet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_liwski&action=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Alfabet"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Współczesna ortografia wywodzi się z lat 20. XX wieku<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup>. </p><p>A/a (Ā/ā), B/b, C/c, Č/č, D/d, Ḑ/ḑ, E/e (Ē/ē), F/f, G/g, Ģ/ģ, H/h, I/i (Ī/ī), J/j, K/k, Ķ/ķ, L/l, Ļ/ļ, M/m, N/n, Ņ/ņ, O/o (Ō/ō), Ȯ/ȯ (Ȱ/ȱ), P/p, [Q/q], R/r, Ŗ/ŗ, S/s, Š/š, Z/z, Ž/ž, T/t, Ț/ț, U/u (Ū/ū), V/v (W/w), Õ/õ (Ȭ/ȭ), Ä/ä (Ǟ/ǟ), Ö/ö (Ȫ/ȫ), Ü/ü, [X/x], Y/y (Ȳ/ȳ). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wybrane_zwroty">Wybrane zwroty</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_liwski&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj sekcję: Wybrane zwroty" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_liwski&action=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Wybrane zwroty"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>polski </th> <th>liwski </th> <th>estoński </th></tr> <tr> <td>Cześć! </td> <td>Tēriņtš! </td> <td>Tere! </td></tr> <tr> <td>Smacznego </td> <td>Jõvvõ sīemnaigõ! </td> <td>Jätku leiba!<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[a]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dzień dobry! </td> <td>Jõvā ūomõg! / Jõvvõ ūomõgt! </td> <td>Tere hommikust! </td></tr> <tr> <td>Miłego dnia! </td> <td>Jõvā p<span style="font-family:Arial Unicode MS, Code2000, Code2001, Code2002, Free Serif, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Doulos SIL, Chrysanthi Unicode, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream CyberBase, Thryomanes, Gentium, GentiumAlt, Lucida Grande, Free Sans, Microsoft Sans Serif, Lucida Sans Unicode">ǟ</span>va! / Jõvvõ päuvõ! </td> <td>Head päeva! / Ilusat päeva! </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dziękuję! </td> <td>Tienū! </td> <td>Aitäh! / Tänan! </td></tr> <tr> <td>Szczęśliwego Nowego Roku! </td> <td>V<span style="font-family:Arial Unicode MS, Code2000, Code2001, Code2002, Free Serif, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Doulos SIL, Chrysanthi Unicode, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream CyberBase, Thryomanes, Gentium, GentiumAlt, Lucida Grande, Free Sans, Microsoft Sans Serif, Lucida Sans Unicode">ȯ</span>ndzist Ūdāigastõ! </td> <td>Head uut aastat! </td></tr> <tr> <td>jeden </td> <td>ikš </td> <td>üks </td></tr> <tr> <td>dwa </td> <td>kakš </td> <td>kaks </td></tr> <tr> <td>trzy </td> <td>kuolm </td> <td>kolm </td></tr> <tr> <td>cztery </td> <td>nēļa </td> <td>neli </td></tr> <tr> <td>pięć </td> <td>vīž </td> <td>viis </td></tr> <tr> <td>sześć </td> <td>kūž </td> <td>kuus </td></tr> <tr> <td>siedem </td> <td>seis </td> <td>seitse </td></tr> <tr> <td>osiem </td> <td>kōdõks </td> <td>kaheksa </td></tr> <tr> <td>dziewięć </td> <td>īdõks </td> <td>üheksa </td></tr> <tr> <td>dziesięć </td> <td>kim </td> <td>kümme </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uwagi">Uwagi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_liwski&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj sekcję: Uwagi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_liwski&action=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Uwagi"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="do-not-make-smaller refsection refsection-uwagi ll-script ll-script-uwagi"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dosłownie oznacza to „oby ci starczyło chleba” i jest związane z estońską kulturą jedzenia chleba wraz z innymi potrawami, stąd brak wyraźnego związku z liwską wersją.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Przypisy">Przypisy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_liwski&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Edytuj sekcję: Przypisy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_liwski&action=edit&section=4" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Przypisy"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="do-not-make-smaller refsection"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Gabriela</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Gabriela" style="display:none">G.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Leoniec</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Gabriela</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Gabriela">G.</span></span>, <span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Ośrodek Informatyczny</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Ośrodek Informatyczny" style="display:none">O.I.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">UG</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Ośrodek Informatyczny</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Ośrodek Informatyczny">O.I.</span></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://old.kulturoznawstwo.fil.ug.edu.pl/?id_cat=195&id_art=855&lang=pl"><i>Katedra Kulturoznawstwa – Badania terenowe dr Aleksandry Wieruckiej na Łotwie – lipiec i sierpień 2009</i></a> [online], old.kulturoznawstwo.fil.ug.edu.pl<span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2017-11-05]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft.aufirst=Gabriela&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Katedra+Kulturoznawstwa+%E2%80%93+Badania+terenowe+dr+Aleksandry+Wieruckiej+na+%C5%81otwie+%E2%80%93+lipiec+i+sierpie%C5%84+2009&rft.aulast=Leoniec&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fold.kulturoznawstwo.fil.ug.edu.pl%2F%3Fid_cat%3D195%26id_art%3D855%26lang%3Dpl" style="display:none"> </span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/world/europe/article3782596.ece">Death of a language: last ever speaker of Livonian passes away aged 103</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lsm.lv/raksts/dzive--stils/vecaki-un-berni/kuldalaps-zeltaberns--izdota-libiesu-valodas-gramata-berniem-un-vecakiem.a478524/">«Kūldaläpš. Zeltabērns» – izdota lībiešu valodas grāmata bērniem un vecākiem</a>. lsm.lv, 18 października 2022. [dostęp 2022-12-20].</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dailycaller.com/2022/12/15/latvia-livonian-language-revived-daughter-kuldi/">Couple Single-Handedly Resurrects Extinct Language By Teaching It To Baby Daughter</a>. dailycaller.com, 15 grudnia 2022. [dostęp 2022-12-20].</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daniel_Mario_Abondolo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniel Mario Abondolo (strona nie istnieje)">Daniel Mario Abondolo</a>: <i>The Uralic languages</i>. London: Routledge, 1998, s. 96. <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/041508198X" title="Specjalna:Książki/041508198X">ISBN <span class="isbn">0-415-08198-X</span></a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Uralic+languages&rft.aulast=Abondolo&rft.aufirst=Daniel+Mario&rft.date=1998&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.place=London&rft.pages=96&rft.isbn=0-415-08198-X"></span></cite></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox do-not-make-smaller mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="pokaż" data-collapsetext="ukryj"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r75675918">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);margin:auto;text-align:center;padding:3px;margin-top:1em;clear:both}.mw-parser-output table.navbox:not(.pionowy){width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{border-top:0;margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output 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Użyj przycisku podglądu przed zapisaniem zmian."><a class="external text" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Szablon:J%C4%99zyki_ugrofi%C5%84skie&action=edit">e</a></li></ul><div class="navbox-title caption"><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_ugrofi%C5%84skie" title="Języki ugrofińskie">Języki ugrofińskie</a></div><div class="mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist navbox-above above"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_uralo-a%C5%82tajskie" title="Języki uralo-ałtajskie">języki uralo-ałtajskie</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Liga_j%C4%99zykowa" title="Liga językowa">liga</a>)</i> > <a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_uralskie" title="Języki uralskie">języki uralskie</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Rodzina_j%C4%99zykowa" title="Rodzina językowa">rodzina</a>)</i> > <a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_ugrofi%C5%84skie" title="Języki ugrofińskie">języki ugrofińskie</a></li></ul> </div><table class="navbox-main-content inner-standard"><tbody><tr class="a1"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_fi%C5%84skie" title="Języki fińskie">języki fińskie</a></th><td class="navbox-list spis"><table class="inner-standard"><tbody><tr class="a1_1"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_ba%C5%82tycko-fi%C5%84skie" title="Języki bałtycko-fińskie">języki bałtycko-fińskie</a></th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-odd"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_fi%C5%84ski" title="Język fiński">fiński</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_esto%C5%84ski" title="Język estoński">estoński</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_karelski" title="Język karelski">karelski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_v%C3%B5ro" title="Język võro">võro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_seto" title="Język seto">seto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_kwe%C5%84ski" title="Język kweński">kweński</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_wepski" title="Język wepski">wepski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_ingryjski" title="Język ingryjski">ingryjski</a> (iżorski, iżoriański)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_wotycki" title="Język wotycki">wotycki</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">liwski</a> (liwoński) †</li></ul> </td></tr><tr class="a1_2"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_lapo%C5%84skie" title="Języki lapońskie">Języki saamskie</a><br />(dawniej: lapońskie)</th><td class="navbox-list spis"><table class="inner-standard"><tbody><tr class="a1_2_1"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row">j. saamskie<br />zachodnie</th><td class="navbox-list spis"><table class="inner-standard"><tbody><tr class="a1_2_1_1"><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-even"> <ul><li><i>grupa południowa</i></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_po%C5%82udniowosaamski" title="Język południowosaamski">południowosaamski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_ume" title="Język ume">ume</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr class="a1_2_1_2"><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-odd"> <ul><li><i>grupa północna</i></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_pite" title="Język pite">pite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_lule" title="Język lule">lule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_p%C3%B3%C5%82nocnosaamski" title="Język północnosaamski">północnosaamski</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr class="a1_2_2"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row">j. saamskie<br />wschodnie</th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-even"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_skolt" title="Język skolt">skolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_inari" title="Język inari">inari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_kildin" title="Język kildin">kildin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_ter" title="Język ter">ter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_akkala" title="Język akkala">akkala</a> †</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_kemi" title="Język kemi">kemi</a> †</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr class="a1_3"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_permskie" title="Języki permskie">języki permskie</a></th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-odd"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_komi" title="Język komi">komi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_komi-permiacki" title="Język komi-permiacki">komi-permiacki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_udmurcki" title="Język udmurcki">udmurcki</a> (wotiacki)</li></ul> </td></tr><tr class="a1_4"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_wo%C5%82%C5%BCa%C5%84skie" title="Języki wołżańskie">języki wołżańskie</a></th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-even"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_maryjski" title="Język maryjski">maryjski</a> (czeremiski)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_meria" title="Język meria">meria</a> †</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_mieszczerski" title="Język mieszczerski">mieszczerski</a> †</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_mordwi%C5%84ski" title="Język mordwiński">mordwiński</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_erzja" title="Język erzja">erzja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_moksza" title="Język moksza">moksza</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_muromski" title="Język muromski">muromski</a> †</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr class="a2"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_ugryjskie" title="Języki ugryjskie">języki ugryjskie</a></th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-odd"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_chantyjski" title="Język chantyjski">chantyjski</a> (ostiacki)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_mansyjski" title="Język mansyjski">mansyjski</a> (wogulski)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_w%C4%99gierski" title="Język węgierski">węgierski</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r75562624">.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div+div{margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div>div{background:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);padding:.2em .5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul li:first-child{padding-left:.5em;border-left:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}</style> <div id="normdaten" class="catlinks"><div class="normdaten-typ-fehlt"><div><a href="/wiki/Kontrola_autorytatywna" title="Kontrola autorytatywna">Kontrola autorytatywna</a> (<span class="description"><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_naturalny" title="Język naturalny">język naturalny</a></span>):</div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4120240-5">4120240-5</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/LIBRIS" title="LIBRIS">LIBRIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/katalogisering/sq465ztb2ppqgcn">sq465ztb2ppqgcn</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_Republiki_Czeskiej" title="Biblioteka Narodowa Republiki Czeskiej">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aut.nkp.cz/ph239895">ph239895</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_Izraela" title="Biblioteka Narodowa Izraela">J9U</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007533599205171">987007533599205171</a></span></li></ul></div><div class="normdaten-andere"><div><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_internetowa" title="Encyklopedia internetowa">Encyklopedie internetowe</a>:</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_Britannica" title="Encyklopedia Britannica">Britannica</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Livonian-language">topic/Livonian-language</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wielka_Encyklopedia_Rosyjska" title="Wielka Encyklopedia Rosyjska">БРЭ</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/text/2173277">2173277</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nacion%C4%81l%C4%81_enciklop%C4%93dija" title="Nacionālā enciklopēdija">Nacionālā enciklopēdija</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enciklopedija.lv/skirklis/5259">5259</a></span></li></ul> </div></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Źródło: „<a dir="ltr" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Język_liwski&oldid=73953012">https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Język_liwski&oldid=73953012</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Kategorie" 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<script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5f9f5dcdf8-nmnsw","wgBackendResponseTime":191,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.392","walltime":"0.572","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2586,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":35171,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":4488,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":6,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":16521,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":15,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 536.144 1 -total"," 47.55% 254.916 1 Szablon:Język_infobox"," 22.93% 122.911 4 Szablon:Szablon_nawigacyjny"," 21.72% 116.465 1 Szablon:Języki_ugrofińskie"," 14.21% 76.191 1 Szablon:Kontrola_autorytatywna"," 12.71% 68.145 1 Szablon:Przypisy"," 8.09% 43.363 1 Szablon:Infobox_tabela"," 5.52% 29.596 1 Szablon:Infobox_tytuł"," 4.41% 23.654 1 Szablon:Cytuj"," 3.72% 19.927 2 Szablon:Cytuj_stronę"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.263","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":5764975,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"\n== selectProperty ==\nrank = nil\nloader = table#1 {\n [\"get\"] = function#1,\n}\nfilters = table#1 {\n}\nsnaktype = nil\nJednostka nie zawiera poszukiwanej właściwości 'P1018'\n\n== selectProperty ==\nrank = nil\nloader = table#1 {\n [\"get\"] = function#1,\n}\nfilters = table#1 {\n}\nsnaktype = nil\nJednostka nie zawiera poszukiwanej właściwości 'P1999'\n\n== selectProperty ==\nrank = nil\nloader = table#1 {\n [\"get\"] = function#1,\n}\nfilters = table#1 {\n}\nsnaktype = nil\n#prop A = 1\n\n== selectProperty ==\nrank = nil\nloader = table#1 {\n [\"get\"] = function#1,\n}\nfilters = table#1 {\n}\nsnaktype = nil\nJednostka nie zawiera poszukiwanej właściwości 'P218'\n\n== selectProperty ==\nrank = nil\nloader = table#1 {\n [\"get\"] = function#1,\n}\nfilters = table#1 {\n}\nsnaktype = nil\nJednostka nie zawiera poszukiwanej właściwości 'P1629'\n\n== selectProperty ==\nrank = nil\nloader = table#1 {\n [\"get\"] = function#1,\n}\nfilters = table#1 {\n}\nsnaktype = nil\nJednostka nie zawiera poszukiwanej właściwości 'P219'\n\n== selectProperty ==\nrank = nil\nloader = table#1 {\n [\"get\"] = function#1,\n}\nfilters = table#1 {\n}\nsnaktype = nil\nJednostka nie zawiera poszukiwanej właściwości 'P1629'\n\n== selectProperty ==\nrank = nil\nloader = table#1 {\n [\"get\"] = function#1,\n}\nfilters = table#1 {\n}\nsnaktype = nil\nJednostka nie zawiera poszukiwanej właściwości 'P1629'\n\n== selectProperty ==\nrank = nil\nloader = table#1 {\n [\"get\"] = function#1,\n}\nfilters = table#1 {\n}\nsnaktype = nil\nJednostka nie zawiera poszukiwanej właściwości 'P1798'\n\n== selectProperty ==\nrank = nil\nloader = table#1 {\n [\"get\"] = function#1,\n}\nfilters = table#1 {\n}\nsnaktype = nil\nJednostka nie zawiera poszukiwanej właściwości 'P1629'\n\n== selectProperty ==\nrank = nil\nloader = table#1 {\n [\"get\"] = function#1,\n}\nfilters = table#1 {\n}\nsnaktype = nil\nJednostka nie zawiera poszukiwanej właściwości 'P221'\n\n== selectProperty ==\nrank = nil\nloader = table#1 {\n [\"get\"] = function#1,\n}\nfilters = table#1 {\n}\nsnaktype = nil\nJednostka nie zawiera poszukiwanej właściwości 'P1629'\n\n== selectProperty ==\nrank = nil\nloader = table#1 {\n [\"get\"] = function#1,\n}\nfilters = table#1 {\n}\nsnaktype = nil\nJednostka nie zawiera poszukiwanej właściwości 'P506'\n\n== selectProperty ==\nrank = nil\nloader = table#1 {\n [\"get\"] = function#1,\n}\nfilters = table#1 {\n}\nsnaktype = nil\nJednostka nie zawiera poszukiwanej właściwości 'P1629'\n\n== selectProperty ==\nrank = nil\nloader = table#1 {\n [\"get\"] = function#1,\n}\nfilters = table#1 {\n}\nsnaktype = nil\n#prop A = 1\n\n== selectProperty ==\nrank = nil\nloader = table#1 {\n [\"get\"] = function#1,\n}\nfilters = table#1 {\n}\nsnaktype = nil\n#prop A = 1\n\n== selectProperty ==\nrank = nil\nloader = table#1 {\n [\"get\"] = function#1,\n}\nfilters = table#1 {\n}\nsnaktype = nil\n#prop A = 1\n\n== selectProperty ==\nrank = nil\nloader = table#1 {\n [\"get\"] = function#1,\n}\nfilters = table#1 {\n}\nsnaktype = nil\nJednostka nie zawiera poszukiwanej właściwości 'P278'\n\n== selectProperty ==\nrank = nil\nloader = table#1 {\n [\"get\"] = function#1,\n}\nfilters = table#1 {\n}\nsnaktype = nil\nJednostka nie zawiera poszukiwanej właściwości 'P1232'\n\n== selectProperty ==\nrank = nil\nloader = table#1 {\n [\"get\"] = function#1,\n}\nfilters = table#1 {\n}\nsnaktype = nil\nJednostka nie zawiera poszukiwanej właściwości 'P2590'\n\n== selectProperty ==\nrank = nil\nloader = table#1 {\n [\"get\"] = function#1,\n}\nfilters = table#1 {\n}\nsnaktype = nil\n#prop A = 1\nrequired = table#1 {\n}\next = nil\next = false\next = nil\nrequired = table#1 {\n}\nrequired = table#1 {\n}\nrequired = table#1 {\n}\nrequired = table#1 {\n}\n\n== Szablon:Szablon nawigacyjny ==\n\n\n== Szablon:Szablon nawigacyjny ==\n\n\n== Szablon:Szablon nawigacyjny ==\n\n\n== Szablon:Szablon nawigacyjny ==\n\nrequired = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-64f8f8dcdb-xv542","timestamp":"20250222173605","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"J\u0119zyk liwski","url":"https:\/\/pl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/J%C4%99zyk_liwski","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q33698","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q33698","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wsp\u00f3\u0142tw\u00f3rcy projekt\u00f3w Fundacji Wikimedia"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2006-07-08T16:50:15Z","headline":"martwy j\u0119zyk z rodziny uralskiej, u\u017cywany na \u0141otwie"}</script> </body> </html>