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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa upande</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">ficha</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Urambazaji </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mwanzo" title="Tembelea Mwanzo [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Mwanzo</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Jumuia" title="Kuhusu mradi, mambo unaweza kufanya, na mahali pa kugundua vitu"><span>Jumuiya</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Matukio_ya_hivi_karibuni" title="Maarifa kuhusu habari za siku hizi"><span>Matukio ya hivi karibuni</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:MabadalikoyaKaribuni" title="Orodha ya mabadiliko ya hivi karibuni katika Wiki. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Mabadiliko ya karibuni</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:UkurasawaBahati" title="Onyesha ukurasa wa bahati [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Ukurasa wa bahati</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Mahali pa kueleweshwa."><span>Msaada</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Mwanzo" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-sw.svg" width="117" height="10" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.625em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:Tafuta" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Tafuta Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Tafuta</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Tafuta Wikipedia" aria-label="Tafuta Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Tafuta Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Maalum:Tafuta"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Tafuta</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Zana binafsi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Mandhari"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Badilisha mandhari ya ukubwa, upana, na rangi ya fonti ya ukurasa" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mandhari" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mandhari</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sw.wikipedia.org&uselang=sw" class=""><span>Michango</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:SajiliAkaunti&returnto=Ukristo" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Unda akaunti</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:IngiaMtumiaji&returnto=Ukristo" title="Tunakushajiisha kuingia, lakini siyo lazima. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Ingia</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out user-links-collapsible-item" title="Chaguo zaidi" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Zana binafsi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Zana binafsi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sw.wikipedia.org&uselang=sw"><span>Michango</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:SajiliAkaunti&returnto=Ukristo" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Unda akaunti</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:IngiaMtumiaji&returnto=Ukristo" title="Tunakushajiisha kuingia, lakini siyo lazima. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Ingia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Tovuti"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Yaliyomo" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Yaliyomo</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa upande</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ficha</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Mwanzo</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Asili" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asili"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Asili</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asili-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yesu_kama_Masiya_aliyetarajiwa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yesu_kama_Masiya_aliyetarajiwa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Yesu kama Masiya aliyetarajiwa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yesu_kama_Masiya_aliyetarajiwa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mafundisho_ya_msingi_ya_Yesu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mafundisho_ya_msingi_ya_Yesu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Mafundisho ya msingi ya Yesu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mafundisho_ya_msingi_ya_Yesu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanisa_siku_za_mwanzo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanisa_siku_za_mwanzo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Kanisa siku za mwanzo</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kanisa_siku_za_mwanzo-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Kanisa siku za mwanzo subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kanisa_siku_za_mwanzo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ujio_wa_Roho_Mtakatifu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ujio_wa_Roho_Mtakatifu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Ujio wa Roho Mtakatifu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ujio_wa_Roho_Mtakatifu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ustawi_wa_jumuia_ya_kwanza_ya_wafuasi_wa_Kristo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ustawi_wa_jumuia_ya_kwanza_ya_wafuasi_wa_Kristo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Ustawi wa jumuia ya kwanza ya wafuasi wa Kristo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ustawi_wa_jumuia_ya_kwanza_ya_wafuasi_wa_Kristo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uenezi_wa_awali_wa_Kanisa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uenezi_wa_awali_wa_Kanisa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Uenezi wa awali wa Kanisa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uenezi_wa_awali_wa_Kanisa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uongozi_wa_Kanisa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uongozi_wa_Kanisa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Uongozi wa Kanisa</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Uongozi_wa_Kanisa-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Uongozi wa Kanisa subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Uongozi_wa_Kanisa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Petro" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Petro"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Petro</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Petro-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paulo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paulo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Paulo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paulo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Thoma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Thoma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Thoma</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Thoma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Muhtasari_wa_historia_ya_Kanisa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Muhtasari_wa_historia_ya_Kanisa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Muhtasari wa historia ya Kanisa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Muhtasari_wa_historia_ya_Kanisa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mafarakano_makuu_kati_ya_Wakristo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mafarakano_makuu_kati_ya_Wakristo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Mafarakano makuu kati ya Wakristo</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mafarakano_makuu_kati_ya_Wakristo-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Mafarakano makuu kati ya Wakristo subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mafarakano_makuu_kati_ya_Wakristo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Wakatoliki" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wakatoliki"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Wakatoliki</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wakatoliki-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Waorthodoksi_na_Waorthodoksi_wa_Mashariki" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Waorthodoksi_na_Waorthodoksi_wa_Mashariki"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Waorthodoksi na Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Waorthodoksi_na_Waorthodoksi_wa_Mashariki-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Waprotestanti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Waprotestanti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Waprotestanti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Waprotestanti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanisa_leo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanisa_leo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Kanisa leo</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kanisa_leo-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Kanisa leo subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kanisa_leo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sala_na_ibada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sala_na_ibada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Sala na ibada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sala_na_ibada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Haki_na_amani" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Haki_na_amani"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Haki na amani</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Haki_na_amani-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uhusiano_na_dini_nyingine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uhusiano_na_dini_nyingine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Uhusiano na dini nyingine</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Uhusiano_na_dini_nyingine-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Uhusiano na dini nyingine subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Uhusiano_na_dini_nyingine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ukristo_na_Uyahudi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ukristo_na_Uyahudi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Ukristo na Uyahudi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ukristo_na_Uyahudi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ukristo_na_Ubuddha" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ukristo_na_Ubuddha"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Ukristo na Ubuddha</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ukristo_na_Ubuddha-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ukristo_na_Uislamu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ukristo_na_Uislamu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Ukristo na Uislamu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ukristo_na_Uislamu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ukristo_na_dini_za_jadi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ukristo_na_dini_za_jadi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>Ukristo na dini za jadi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ukristo_na_dini_za_jadi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tazama_pia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tazama_pia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Tazama pia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tazama_pia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tanbihi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tanbihi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Tanbihi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tanbihi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marejeo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marejeo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Marejeo</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Marejeo-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Marejeo subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Marejeo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Marejeo_mengine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marejeo_mengine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Marejeo mengine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marejeo_mengine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Viungo_vya_nje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viungo_vya_nje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Viungo vya nje</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viungo_vya_nje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Yaliyomo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Geuza uonekanaji wa yaliyomo" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Geuza uonekanaji wa yaliyomo</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ukristo</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Nenda kwenye makala kwa lugha nyingine. Lugha 259 zinapatikana" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-259" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lugha 259</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D2%9B%D1%8C%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Ақьырсианра – Kiabkhazi" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Ақьырсианра" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Kiabkhazi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristen" title="Kristen – Kiacheni" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Kristen" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Kiacheni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Чыристан дин – Kiadyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Чыристан дин" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Kiadyghe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom – Kiafrikana" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Christendom" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Kiafrikana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christentum" title="Christentum – Kijerumani cha Uswisi" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Christentum" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Kijerumani cha Uswisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%98%D0%B0%D2%A5" title="Христиан јаҥ – Kialtai" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Христиан јаҥ" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="Kialtai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Алтай тил</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%AD%E1%88%AD%E1%88%B5%E1%89%B5%E1%8A%93" title="ክርስትና – Kiamhari" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ክርስትና" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Kiamhari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianismo" title="Cristianismo – Kiaragoni" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cristianismo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Kiaragoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cr%C4%ABstend%C5%8Dm" title="Crīstendōm – Kiingereza cha Kale" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Crīstendōm" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Kiingereza cha Kale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiristien" title="Kiristien – Kiobolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Kiristien" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="Kiobolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="ईसाई धर्म – Kiangika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="ईसाई धर्म" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Kiangika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="المسيحية – Kiarabu" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المسيحية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Kiarabu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A1%DC%AB%DC%9D%DC%9A%DC%9D%DC%98%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ – Kiaramu" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Kiaramu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مسيحية – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="مسيحية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%87" title="مسيحيه – Kiarabu cha Misri" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مسيحيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Kiarabu cha Misri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE" title="খ্ৰীষ্টান ধৰ্ম – Kiassam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="খ্ৰীষ্টান ধৰ্ম" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Kiassam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianismu" title="Cristianismu – Kiasturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Cristianismu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Kiasturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B1_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Насранияб дин – Kiavari" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Насранияб дин" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Kiavari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristeva" title="Kristeva – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Kristeva" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="ईसाई धर्म – Kiawadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="ईसाई धर्म" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Kiawadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xristianl%C4%B1q" title="Xristianlıq – Kiazerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Xristianlıq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Kiazerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="مسیحیت – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مسیحیت" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%A1" title="Христианлыҡ – Kibashkiri" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Христианлыҡ" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Kibashkiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agama_Kristen" title="Agama Kristen – Kibali" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Agama Kristen" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Kibali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristndum" title="Kristndum – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Kristndum" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C4%97k%C5%A1tiuon%C4%ABb%C4%97" title="Krėkštiuonībė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Krėkštiuonībė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristen" title="Kristen – Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Kristen" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristianismo" title="Kristianismo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kristianismo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Хрысціянства – Kibelarusi" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хрысціянства" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Kibelarusi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Хрысьціянства – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Хрысьціянства" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Християнство – Kibulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Християнство" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Kibulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="ईसाई धर्म – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="ईसाई धर्म" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristaniti" title="Kristaniti – Kibislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Kristaniti" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Kibislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karistin" title="Karistin – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Karistin" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%81%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%82%8F%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%82%8F%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%82%8F" title="ခရိယာန်ႏဘာႏသာႏ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ခရိယာန်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE" title="খ্রিস্টধর্ম – Kibengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="খ্রিস্টধর্ম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Kibengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A4%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%86%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="ཡེ་ཤུའི་ཆོས་ལུགས། – Kitibeti" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཡེ་ཤུའི་ཆོས་ལུགས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Kitibeti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristeniezh" title="Kristeniezh – Kibretoni" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kristeniezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Kibretoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C5%A1%C4%87anstvo" title="Kršćanstvo – Kibosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kršćanstvo" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Kibosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karisten" title="Karisten – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Karisten" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Христосой шажан – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Христосой шажан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianisme" title="Cristianisme – Kikatalani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cristianisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Kikatalani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C4%AD-d%C3%B3k-g%C3%A1u" title="Gĭ-dók-gáu – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Gĭ-dók-gáu" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Насаралла – Kichechenia" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Насаралла" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Kichechenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristiyanismo" title="Kristiyanismo – Kichebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kristiyanismo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Kichebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%95%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AD%DB%8C%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA" title="مەسیحییەت – Kikurdi cha Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مەسیحییەت" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kikurdi cha Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianisimu" title="Cristianisimu – Kikosikani" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Cristianisimu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Kikosikani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hristianl%C4%B1q" title="Hristianlıq – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Hristianlıq" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%99es%C5%A5anstv%C3%AD" title="Křesťanství – Kicheki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Křesťanství" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Kicheki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D1%97%D1%81%D1%82%D1%97%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Хрїстїаньство – Kislovakia cha Kanisa" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Хрїстїаньство" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Kislovakia cha Kanisa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85" title="Христианлăх – Kichuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Христианлăх" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Kichuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristnogaeth" title="Cristnogaeth – Kiwelisi" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cristnogaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Kiwelisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristendom" title="Kristendom – Kidenmaki" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kristendom" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Kidenmaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristatali" title="Kristatali – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Kristatali" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christentum" title="Christentum – Kijerumani" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Christentum" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Kijerumani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%ABr%C3%ABth%C3%A4nu%C9%94%C9%94i" title="Kërëthänuɔɔi – Dinka" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Kërëthänuɔɔi" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="Dinka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/X%C4%B1ristiyaniye" title="Xıristiyaniye – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Xıristiyaniye" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%9Bes%C4%87ija%C5%84stwo" title="Kśesćijaństwo – Kisobia cha Chini" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Kśesćijaństwo" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Kisobia cha Chini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agama_Kristian" title="Agama Kristian – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Agama Kristian" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%89%DE%A6%DE%90%DE%A9%DE%80%DE%A9%DE%8B%DE%A9%DE%82%DE%B0" title="މަސީހީދީން – Kidivehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="މަސީހީދީން" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Kidivehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Χριστιανισμός – Kigiriki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χριστιανισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Kigiriki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity – Kiingereza" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Christianity" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Kiingereza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristanismo" title="Kristanismo – Kiesperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kristanismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Kiesperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianismo" title="Cristianismo – Kihispania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cristianismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Kihispania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristlus" title="Kristlus – Kiestonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kristlus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Kiestonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristautasun" title="Kristautasun – Kibaski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kristautasun" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Kibaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianismu" title="Cristianismu – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Cristianismu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="مسیحیت – Kiajemi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مسیحیت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Kiajemi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiristanci" title="Kiristanci – Kifulani" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Kiristanci" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Kifulani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristinusko" title="Kristinusko – Kifini" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kristinusko" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Kifini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ristiusk" title="Ristiusk – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Ristiusk" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristind%C3%B3mur" title="Kristindómur – Kifaroe" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kristindómur" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Kifaroe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianisme" title="Christianisme – Kifaransa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Christianisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Kifaransa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianismo" title="Cristianismo – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Cristianismo" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krastendoom" title="Krastendoom – Kifrisia cha Kaskazini" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Krastendoom" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Kifrisia cha Kaskazini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianesim" title="Cristianesim – Kifriulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Cristianesim" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Kifriulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristendom" title="Kristendom – Kifrisia cha Magharibi" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kristendom" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Kifrisia cha Magharibi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Chr%C3%ADosta%C3%ADocht" title="An Chríostaíocht – Kiayalandi" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Chríostaíocht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Kiayalandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hristianl%C4%B1k" title="Hristianlık – Kigagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Hristianlık" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Kigagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99" title="基督教 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="基督教" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristyanism" title="Kristyanism – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Kristyanism" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cr%C3%ACosdaidheachd" title="Crìosdaidheachd – Kigaeli cha Uskoti" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Crìosdaidheachd" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Kigaeli cha Uskoti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianismo" title="Cristianismo – Kigalisi" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cristianismo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Kigalisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hesu_rape" title="Hesu rape – Kiguarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Hesu rape" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Kiguarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristanvponn" title="Kristanvponn – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="Kristanvponn" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%96%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%80_%E0%AA%A7%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AE" title="ખ્રિસ્તી ધર્મ – Kigujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ખ્રિસ્તી ધર્મ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Kigujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Chreestiaght" title="Yn Chreestiaght – Kimanx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Chreestiaght" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Kimanx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiristanci" title="Kiristanci – Kihausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Kiristanci" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Kihausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%AE-tuk-kau" title="Kî-tuk-kau – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Kî-tuk-kau" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%A6%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA" title="נצרות – Kiebrania" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נצרות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Kiebrania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="ईसाई धर्म – Kihindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ईसाई धर्म" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Kihindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isai_Dharam" title="Isai Dharam – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Isai Dharam" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C5%A1%C4%87anstvo" title="Kršćanstvo – Kikorasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kršćanstvo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kikorasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%99es%C4%87anstwo" title="Křesćanstwo – Kisobia cha Ukanda wa Juu" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Křesćanstwo" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Kisobia cha Ukanda wa Juu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krisyanis" title="Krisyanis – Kihaiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Krisyanis" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kihaiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kereszt%C3%A9nys%C3%A9g" title="Kereszténység – Kihungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kereszténység" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Kihungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Քրիստոնեություն – Kiarmenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քրիստոնեություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Kiarmenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A7%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Քրիստոնէութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Քրիստոնէութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianismo" title="Christianismo – Kiintalingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Christianismo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Kiintalingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristian" title="Kristian – Kiiban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Kristian" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Kiiban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kekristenan" title="Kekristenan – Kiindonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kekristenan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Kiindonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianisme" title="Cristianisme – lugha ya kisayansi" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Cristianisme" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="lugha ya kisayansi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efefe_Kra%E1%BB%8Bst" title="Efefe Kraịst – Kiigbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Efefe Kraịst" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Kiigbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukpiqtuaq" title="Ukpiqtuaq – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Ukpiqtuaq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristianidad" title="Kristianidad – Kiilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Kristianidad" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Kiilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="ЖӀаргахой ди – Kiingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="ЖӀаргахой ди" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Kiingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristanismo" title="Kristanismo – Kiido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kristanismo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Kiido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristni" title="Kristni – Kiisilandi" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kristni" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Kiisilandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianesimo" title="Cristianesimo – Kiitaliano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cristianesimo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Kiitaliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E6%95%99" title="キリスト教 – Kijapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="キリスト教" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Kijapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristianiti" title="Kristianiti – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kristianiti" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/xi%27ojda" title="xi'ojda – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="xi'ojda" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristen" title="Kristen – Kijava" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kristen" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Kijava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="ქრისტიანობა – Kijojia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქრისტიანობა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Kijojia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamasi%E1%B8%A5it" title="Tamasiḥit – Kikabylia" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tamasiḥit" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kikabylia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%8A%D1%8D" title="Чыристэныгъэ – Kikabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Чыристэныгъэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kikabardian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C9%A9stiyaniism" title="Krɩstiyaniism – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Krɩstiyaniism" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khwikristi" title="Khwikristi – Kityap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Khwikristi" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Kityap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiyesu" title="Kiyesu – Kikongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Kiyesu" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kikongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A8kristiano" title="Ũkristiano – Kikikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Ũkristiano" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D2%9B" title="Христиандық – Kikazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Христиандық" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kikazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%82%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6" title="គ្រិស្តសាសនា – Kikambodia" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="គ្រិស្តសាសនា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Kikambodia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4_%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE" title="ಕ್ರೈಸ್ತ ಧರ್ಮ – Kikannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕ್ರೈಸ್ತ ಧರ್ಮ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kikannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90" title="기독교 – Kikorea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="기독교" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Kikorea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%8A" title="Христианлыкъ – Kikarachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Христианлыкъ" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Kikarachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%DB%8C%D9%96%D8%B3%D9%B2%DB%8C%D9%90%DB%8C%D9%8E%D8%AA%DA%BE" title="عیٖسٲیِیَتھ – Kikashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="عیٖسٲیِیَتھ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kikashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiristiyan%C3%AE" title="Xiristiyanî – Kikurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Xiristiyanî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kikurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristoneth" title="Kristoneth – Kikorni" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kristoneth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kikorni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Машаякчылык – Kikyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Машаякчылык" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kikyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religio_Christiana" title="Religio Christiana – Kilatini" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Religio Christiana" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Kilatini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristianizmo" title="Kristianizmo – Kiladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Kristianizmo" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Kiladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chr%C3%ABschtentum" title="Chrëschtentum – Kilasembagi" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Chrëschtentum" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Kilasembagi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Ххачпарас дин – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Ххачпарас дин" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Хашпара дин – Kilezighian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Хашпара дин" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Kilezighian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianisme" title="Cristianisme – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Cristianisme" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christend%C3%B3m" title="Christendóm – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Christendóm" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crestian%C3%AAximo" title="Crestianêximo – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Crestianêximo" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianejim" title="Cristianejim – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Cristianejim" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianesim" title="Cristianesim – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Cristianesim" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokl%C3%ADsto" title="Boklísto – Kilingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Boklísto" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Kilingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%9C%E0%BA%B2" title="ຄິດຕະສາສະໜາ – Kilaosi" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຄິດຕະສາສະໜາ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Kilaosi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krik%C5%A1%C4%8Dionyb%C4%97" title="Krikščionybė – Kilithuania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Krikščionybė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Kilithuania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristiet%C4%ABba" title="Kristietība – Kilatvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kristietība" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Kilatvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="ईसाई धर्म – Kimaithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="ईसाई धर्म" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Kimaithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristen" title="Kristen – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Kristen" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%88%D0%B8" title="Кристозши – Lugha ya Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Кристозши" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Lugha ya Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristianisma" title="Kristianisma – Kimalagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kristianisma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Kimalagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Христианлык – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Христианлык" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whakapono_Karaitiana" title="Whakapono Karaitiana – Kimaori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Whakapono Karaitiana" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Kimaori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristen" title="Kristen – Kiminangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kristen" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Kiminangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Христијанство – Kimacedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Христијанство" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Kimacedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%82" title="ക്രിസ്തുമതം – Kimalayalamu" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ക്രിസ്തുമതം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Kimalayalamu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Христ итгэл – Kimongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Христ итгэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Kimongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%81%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="ခရေတ်ယာန် – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ခရေတ်ယာန်" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="ख्रिश्चन धर्म – Kimarathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ख्रिश्चन धर्म" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Kimarathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristian" title="Kristian – Kimalei" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kristian" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Kimalei" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristjane%C5%BCmu" title="Kristjaneżmu – Kimalta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Kristjaneżmu" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Kimalta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristandade" title="Cristandade – Kimirandi" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Cristandade" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Kimirandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%81%E1%80%9B%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC" title="ခရစ်ယာန်ဘာသာ – Kiburma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ခရစ်ယာန်ဘာသာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Kiburma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%87%D0%B8" title="Кристаньчи – Kierzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Кристаньчи" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Kierzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AD%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86" title="مسیحی دین – Kimazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مسیحی دین" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Kimazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianoyotl" title="Cristianoyotl – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Cristianoyotl" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crestianesemo" title="Crestianesemo – Kinapoli" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Crestianesemo" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Kinapoli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom – Kisaksoni" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Christendom" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Kisaksoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Christendom" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="इसाई धर्म – Kinepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="इसाई धर्म" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Kinepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banua_Niha_Keriso" title="Banua Niha Keriso – Kiniasi" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Banua Niha Keriso" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Kiniasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom – Kiholanzi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Christendom" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Kiholanzi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristendommen" title="Kristendommen – Kinorwe cha Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kristendommen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Kinorwe cha Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristendom" title="Kristendom – Kinorwe cha Bokmal" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kristendom" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Kinorwe cha Bokmal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristanisme" title="Kristanisme – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Kristanisme" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%8C%DF%9B%DF%9F%DF%8A%DF%9E%DF%A6%DF%8A" title="ߌߛߟߊߞߦߊ – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߌߛߟߊߞߦߊ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chr%C3%AAtchiennet%C3%A9" title="Chrêtchienneté – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Chrêtchienneté" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sekriste" title="Sekriste – Kisotho cha Kaskazini" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Sekriste" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Kisotho cha Kaskazini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianisme" title="Cristianisme – Kiokitani" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Cristianisme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Kiokitani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hristianskoi_usko" title="Hristianskoi usko – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Hristianskoi usko" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiristaanummaa" title="Kiristaanummaa – Kioromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Kiristaanummaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Kioromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%96%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%80%E0%AC%B7%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9F_%E0%AC%A7%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AE" title="ଖ୍ରୀଷ୍ଟ ଧର୍ମ – Kioriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଖ୍ରୀଷ୍ଟ ଧର୍ମ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Kioriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Чырыстон дин – Kiosetia" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Чырыстон дин" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Kiosetia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88_%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE" title="ਇਸਾਈ ਧਰਮ – Kipunjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਸਾਈ ਧਰਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Kipunjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristianismu" title="Kristianismu – Kipampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Kristianismu" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Kipampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristianismo" title="Kristianismo – Kipapiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Kristianismo" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Kipapiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristiannime" title="Cristiannime – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Cristiannime" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreschenitii" title="Kreschenitii – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Kreschenitii" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrze%C5%9Bcija%C5%84stwo" title="Chrześcijaństwo – Kipolandi" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Chrześcijaństwo" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Kipolandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristian%C3%A9sim" title="Cristianésim – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Cristianésim" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="مسیحیت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مسیحیت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="مسيحيت – Kipashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مسيحيت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Kipashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianismo" title="Cristianismo – Kireno" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cristianismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Kireno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiristuyuyay_i%C3%B1iy" title="Kiristuyuyay iñiy – Kikechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kiristuyuyay iñiy" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Kikechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianissem" title="Cristianissem – Kiromanshi" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Cristianissem" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Kiromanshi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristiyanismo" title="Kristiyanismo – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Kristiyanismo" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cre%C8%99tinism" title="Creștinism – Kiromania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Creștinism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Kiromania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cri%C8%99tinismu" title="Criștinismu – Kiaromania" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Criștinismu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Kiaromania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Христианство – Kirusi" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Христианство" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Kirusi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Хрістіанство – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Хрістіанство" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubukirisitu" title="Ubukirisitu – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Ubukirisitu" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="क्रैस्तमतम् – Kisanskriti" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="क्रैस्तमतम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Kisanskriti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Христианство – Kisakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Христианство" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Kisakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%AD_%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A2" title="ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ – Kisantali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Kisantali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristian%C3%A8simu" title="Cristianèsimu – Kisardinia" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Cristianèsimu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Kisardinia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristian%C3%A8simu" title="Cristianèsimu – Kisicilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Cristianèsimu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Kisicilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity – Kiskoti" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Christianity" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Kiskoti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="عيسائيت – Kisindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="عيسائيت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Kisindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risttala%C5%A1vuohta" title="Risttalašvuohta – Kisami cha Kaskazini" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Risttalašvuohta" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Kisami cha Kaskazini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hri%C5%A1%C4%87anstvo" title="Hrišćanstvo – Kiserbia-kroeshia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hrišćanstvo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Kiserbia-kroeshia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%80%9E%E1%81%BC%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%81%B6%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89" title="သႃႇသၼႃႇၶရိတ်ႉ – Kishan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="သႃႇသၼႃႇၶရိတ်ႉ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Kishan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92_%E0%B6%86%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%B8" title="ක්‍රිස්තියානි ආගම – Kisinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ක්‍රිස්තියානි ආගම" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Kisinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Christianity" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kres%C5%A5anstvo" title="Kresťanstvo – Kislovakia" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kresťanstvo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Kislovakia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="مسیحیت – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="مسیحیت" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C5%A1%C4%8Danstvo" title="Krščanstvo – Kislovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Krščanstvo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Kislovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerisiano" title="Kerisiano – Kisamoa" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Kerisiano" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Kisamoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chitendero_chechiKristu" title="Chitendero chechiKristu – Kishona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chitendero chechiKristu" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Kishona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masiixiyad" title="Masiixiyad – Kisomali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Masiixiyad" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Kisomali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krisht%C3%ABrimi" title="Krishtërimi – Kialbania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Krishtërimi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Kialbania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Хришћанство – Kiserbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хришћанство" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Kiserbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukhristu" title="Bukhristu – Kiswati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Bukhristu" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Kiswati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristendum" title="Kristendum – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Kristendum" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kar%C3%A9sten" title="Karésten – Kisunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Karésten" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Kisunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristendom" title="Kristendom – Kiswidi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kristendom" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Kiswidi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krze%C5%9Bcij%C5%8D%C5%84stwo" title="Krześcijōństwo – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Krześcijōństwo" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="கிறிஸ்தவம் – Kitamili" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கிறிஸ்தவம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Kitamili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE" title="ಕ್ರಿಶ್ಚಿಯನ್ ಧರ್ಮ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಕ್ರಿಶ್ಚಿಯನ್ ಧರ್ಮ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tdd mw-list-item"><a href="https://tdd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A5%9A%E1%A5%A3%E1%A5%B1_%E1%A5%94%E1%A5%A3%E1%A5%B1_%E1%A5%91%E1%A5%A3_%E1%A5%98%E1%A5%A4%E1%A5%96%E1%A5%B3_%E1%A5%95%E1%A5%A3%E1%A5%A2%E1%A5%B1" title="ᥚᥣᥱ ᥔᥣᥱ ᥑᥣ ᥘᥤᥖᥳ ᥕᥣᥢᥱ – Tai Nuea" lang="tdd" hreflang="tdd" data-title="ᥚᥣᥱ ᥔᥣᥱ ᥑᥣ ᥘᥤᥖᥳ ᥕᥣᥢᥱ" data-language-autonym="ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ" data-language-local-name="Tai Nuea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%B5_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%82" title="క్రైస్తవ మతం – Kitelugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="క్రైస్తవ మతం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Kitelugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D2%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82" title="Масеҳият – Kitajiki" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Масеҳият" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Kitajiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="ศาสนาคริสต์ – Kithai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ศาสนาคริสต์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Kithai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%AD%E1%88%AD%E1%88%B5%E1%89%B5%E1%8A%93" title="ክርስትና – Kitigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ክርስትና" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Kitigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristiyanismo" title="Kristiyanismo – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kristiyanismo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xacp%C9%99r%C9%99st%C9%99ti" title="Xacpərəstəti – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Xacpərəstəti" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sekeresete" title="Sekeresete – Kitswana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Sekeresete" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="Kitswana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotu_Kristen" title="Lotu Kristen – Kitokpisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Lotu Kristen" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Kitokpisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hristiyanl%C4%B1k" title="Hristiyanlık – Kituruki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hristiyanlık" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Kituruki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vukreste" title="Vukreste – Kitsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Vukreste" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Kitsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Христианлык – Kitatari" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Христианлык" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Kitatari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristosom" title="Kristosom – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Kristosom" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%89%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%89%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AF%D9%89%D9%86%D9%89" title="خرىستىئان دىنى – Kiuyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="خرىستىئان دىنى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Kiuyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Християнство – Kiukraini" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Християнство" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Kiukraini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="مسیحیت – Kiurdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مسیحیت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Kiurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xristianlik" title="Xristianlik – Kiuzbeki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Xristianlik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Kiuzbeki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge, good article badge, recommended article"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristian%C3%A8zemo" title="Cristianèzemo – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Cristianèzemo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hristanuskond" title="Hristanuskond – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Hristanuskond" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kit%C3%B4_gi%C3%A1o" title="Kitô giáo – Kivietinamu" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kitô giáo" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Kivietinamu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christndom" title="Christndom – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Christndom" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krit" title="Krit – Kivolapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Krit" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Kivolapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crustinnisse" title="Crustinnisse – Kiwaloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Crustinnisse" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Kiwaloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristohanon" title="Kristohanon – Kiwaray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kristohanon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Kiwaray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" title="基督宗教 – Kichina cha Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="基督宗教" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Kichina cha Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="ქირსიანობა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ქირსიანობა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9D" title="קריסטנטום – Kiyiddi" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קריסטנטום" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Kiyiddi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BA%B8%CC%80s%C3%ACn_Kr%C3%ADst%C3%AC" title="Ẹ̀sìn Krístì – Kiyoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ẹ̀sìn Krístì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Kiyoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geidoekgauq" title="Geidoekgauq – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Geidoekgauq" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrissendom" title="Chrissendom – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Chrissendom" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%83%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%9C" title="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵙⵉⵃⵉⵜ – Kiberber Sanifu cha Moroko" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵙⵉⵃⵉⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Kiberber Sanifu cha Moroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99" title="基督教 – Kichina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="基督教" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Kichina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99" title="基督教 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="基督教" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki-tok-k%C3%A0u" title="Ki-tok-kàu – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ki-tok-kàu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99" title="基督教 – Kikantoni" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="基督教" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kikantoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5043#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Hariri viungo vya lugha zingine" class="wbc-editpage">Hariri viungo</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Maeneo ya wiki"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ukristo" title="Onyesha kurasa zilizopo [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Makala</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Majadiliano:Ukristo" rel="discussion" title="Mazungumzo kuhusu makala [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Majadiliano</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Badilisha lahaja ya lugha" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Kiswahili</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Mitazamo"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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Unaweza kutazama chanzo chake. [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Angalia chanzo</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukristo&action=history" title="Mapitio ya awali ya ukurasa huu [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Fungua historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Zana za ukurasa"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Zana" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Zana</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Zana</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa upande</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ficha</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Vitendo </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ukristo"><span>Soma</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-viewsource" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukristo&action=edit"><span>Angalia chanzo</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukristo&action=history"><span>Fungua historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Kijumla </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:VingoViungavyoUkurasahuu/Ukristo" title="Orodha ya kurasa zote za Wiki zilizounganishwa na ukurasa huu [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Viungo viungavyo ukurasa huu</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:RecentChangesLinked/Ukristo" rel="nofollow" title="Mabadiliko ya karibuni ya katika kurasa zilizounganishwa na ukurasa huu [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Mabadiliko husika</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=sw" title="Pakia picha, video, au sauti [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Pakia faili</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:KurasaMaalum" title="Orodha ya kurasa zote maalumu [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Kurasa maalumu</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukristo&oldid=1333307" title="Kiungo cha daima cha kufikisha pitio hili la ukurasa"><span>Kiungo cha daima</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukristo&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Maelezo ya ukurasa</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Taja&page=Ukristo&id=1333307&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Taarifa juu ya njia ya kutaja ukurasa huu"><span>Taja ukurasa huu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FUkristo"><span>Pata URL iliyofupishwa</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FUkristo"><span>Pakua msimbo wa QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Chapa/peleka nje </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kusanya&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Ukristo"><span>Tunga kitabu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:DownloadAsPdf&page=Ukristo&action=show-download-screen"><span>Pakua kama PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukristo&printable=yes" title="Toleo linalochapika la ukurasa huu [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Ukurasa wa kuchapika</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Miradi mingine </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Christianity" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5043" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata kifungu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Zana za ukurasa"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Mandhari"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Mandhari</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa upande</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ficha</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Kutoka Wikipedia, kamusi elezo huru</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Elekezwa kutoka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wakristo&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Wakristo">Wakristo</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sw" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Redentor.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Redentor.jpg/220px-Redentor.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Redentor.jpg/330px-Redentor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Redentor.jpg/440px-Redentor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1450" data-file-height="1206" /></a><figcaption> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sanamu_ya_Kristo_mkombozi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sanamu ya Kristo mkombozi (bado haujaandikwa)">Sanamu ya Kristo mkombozi</a></i> huko <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a> (<a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>) ni <a href="/wiki/Sanamu" title="Sanamu">sanamu</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Yesu" title="Yesu">Yesu</a> kubwa kuliko zote zilizopata kutengenezwa.</figcaption></figure> <table class="vertical-navbox nowraplinks" cellspacing="5" style="float: right; clear: right; color: black; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px solid #aaa; width: 22em; margin: 0 0 1.0em 1.0em; padding: 0.2em; border-spacing: 0.4em 0; text-align: center; line-height: 1.4em; font-size: 88%;" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr> <td class="" style="padding-top: 0.4em; font-size: 85%; line-height: 1.2em;">Sehemu ya mfululizo kuhusu</td> </tr><tr> <th class="" style="padding: 0.2em 0.4em 0.2em; padding-top: 0; font-size: 145%; line-height: 1.15em; font-weight: bold;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ukristo</a></th> </tr><tr> <td class="" style="padding: 0.2em 0 0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Faili:StJohnsAshfield_StainedGlass_GoodShepherd_Portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yesu Mchungaji mwema."><img alt="Yesu Mchungaji mwema." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/StJohnsAshfield_StainedGlass_GoodShepherd_Portrait.jpg/190px-StJohnsAshfield_StainedGlass_GoodShepherd_Portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/StJohnsAshfield_StainedGlass_GoodShepherd_Portrait.jpg/285px-StJohnsAshfield_StainedGlass_GoodShepherd_Portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/StJohnsAshfield_StainedGlass_GoodShepherd_Portrait.jpg/380px-StJohnsAshfield_StainedGlass_GoodShepherd_Portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3800" data-file-height="2960" /></a></span></td> </tr><tr> <td style="padding-top: 0.2em; padding-bottom: 0.2em;"> <div class="NavFrame" style="border:none;padding:0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%; background:lavender;padding:0.2em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Yesu" title="Yesu">Yesu</a></div> <div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%; padding:0.2em 0 0.4em; text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yesu_katika_Ukristo" class="mw-redirect" title="Yesu katika Ukristo">Yesu katika Ukristo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yesu_kuzaliwa_na_Bikira" title="Yesu kuzaliwa na Bikira">Yesu kuzaliwa na Bikira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utume_wa_Yesu" title="Utume wa Yesu">Utume wa Yesu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Msalaba_wa_Yesu" title="Msalaba wa Yesu">Kifo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ufufuko_wa_Yesu" title="Ufufuko wa Yesu">Ufufuko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristo" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristo">Kristo</a></li></ul></div> </div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="padding-bottom: 0.2em;"> <div class="NavFrame" style="border:none;padding:0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%; background:lavender;padding:0.2em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Biblia_ya_Kikristo" title="Biblia ya Kikristo">Biblia ya Kikristo</a></div> <div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%; padding:0.2em 0 0.4em; text-align:center; padding:0.2em 0 0.4em; text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historia_ya_wokovu" class="mw-redirect" title="Historia ya wokovu">Historia ya wokovu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanuni_ya_Biblia" title="Kanuni ya Biblia">Kanuni ya Biblia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agano_la_Kale" title="Agano la Kale">Agano la Kale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agano_Jipya" title="Agano Jipya">Agano Jipya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Injili" title="Injili">Injili</a></li></ul></div> </div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="padding-bottom: 0.2em;"> <div class="NavFrame" style="border:none;padding:0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%; background:lavender;padding:0.2em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Teolojia" title="Teolojia">Teolojia</a></div> <div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%; padding:0.2em 0 0.4em; text-align:center; padding:0.2em 0 0.4em; text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mungu" title="Mungu">Mungu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mungu_Baba" title="Mungu Baba">Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mungu_Mwana" title="Mungu Mwana">Mwana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roho_Mtakatifu" title="Roho Mtakatifu">Roho Mtakatifu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utatu_Mtakatifu" class="mw-redirect" title="Utatu Mtakatifu">Utatu Mtakatifu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanisa" title="Kanisa">Kanisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katoliki" title="Katoliki">Katoliki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ufunuo" title="Ufunuo">Ufunuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapokeo_ya_Mitume" title="Mapokeo ya Mitume">Mapokeo ya Mitume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanuni_ya_Imani" title="Kanuni ya Imani">Kanuni ya Imani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historia_ya_teolojia" title="Historia ya teolojia">Historia ya teolojia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umisionari" title="Umisionari">Umisionari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utetezi_wa_Ukristo" title="Utetezi wa Ukristo">Utetezi wa Ukristo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kifodini" class="mw-redirect" title="Kifodini">Kifodini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wokovu" title="Wokovu">Wokovu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakramenti" title="Sakramenti">Sakramenti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubatizo" title="Ubatizo">Ubatizo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kipaimara" title="Kipaimara">Kipaimara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekaristi" title="Ekaristi">Ekaristi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitubio" title="Kitubio">Kitubio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mpako_wa_wagonjwa" title="Mpako wa wagonjwa">Mpako wa wagonjwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraja_takatifu" title="Daraja takatifu">Daraja takatifu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndoa_(sakramenti)" title="Ndoa (sakramenti)">Ndoa</a></li></ul></div> </div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="padding-bottom: 0.2em;"> <div class="NavFrame" style="border:none;padding:0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%; background:lavender;padding:0.2em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Historia_ya_Kanisa" title="Historia ya Kanisa">Historia ya Kanisa</a></div> <div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%; padding:0.2em 0 0.4em; text-align:center; padding:0.2em 0 0.4em; text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bikira_Maria" title="Bikira Maria">Bikira Maria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitume_wa_Yesu" title="Mitume wa Yesu">Mitume wa Yesu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mtume_Petro" title="Mtume Petro">Mtume Petro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mtume_Paulo" class="mw-redirect" title="Mtume Paulo">Mtume Paulo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mababu_wa_Kanisa" class="mw-redirect" title="Mababu wa Kanisa">Mababu wa Kanisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walimu_wa_Kanisa" class="mw-redirect" title="Walimu wa Kanisa">Walimu wa Kanisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papa" title="Papa">Papa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukristo_katika_karne_za_kwanza" title="Ukristo katika karne za kwanza">Ukristo katika karne za kwanza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umonaki" class="mw-redirect" title="Umonaki">Umonaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantino_Mkuu" title="Konstantino Mkuu">Konstantino Mkuu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitaguso_ya_kiekumene" title="Mitaguso ya kiekumene">Mitaguso ya kiekumene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agostino_wa_Hippo" title="Agostino wa Hippo">Agostino wa Hippo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farakano_la_mwaka_1054" title="Farakano la mwaka 1054">Farakano la mwaka 1054</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vita_vya_msalaba" class="mw-redirect" title="Vita vya msalaba">Vita vya msalaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fransisko_wa_Asizi" title="Fransisko wa Asizi">Fransisko wa Asizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominiko_Guzman" class="mw-redirect" title="Dominiko Guzman">Dominiko Guzman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thoma_wa_Akwino" class="mw-redirect" title="Thoma wa Akwino">Thoma wa Akwino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matengenezo_ya_Kiprotestanti" title="Matengenezo ya Kiprotestanti">Matengenezo ya Kiprotestanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urekebisho_wa_Kikatoliki" title="Urekebisho wa Kikatoliki">Urekebisho wa Kikatoliki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wajesuiti" class="mw-redirect" title="Wajesuiti">Wajesuiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upietisti" title="Upietisti">Upietisti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekumeni" title="Ekumeni">Ekumeni</a></li></ul></div> </div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="padding-bottom: 0.2em;"> <div class="NavFrame" style="border:none;padding:0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%; background:lavender;padding:0.2em;text-align:center;">Mada nyingine</div> <div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%; padding:0.2em 0 0.4em; text-align:center; padding:0.2em 0 0.4em; text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liturujia" class="mw-redirect" title="Liturujia">Liturujia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mwaka_wa_Kanisa" title="Mwaka wa Kanisa">Mwaka wa Kanisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muziki_wa_Kikristo" title="Muziki wa Kikristo">Muziki wa Kikristo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sala" title="Sala">Sala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanaa_ya_Kikristo" title="Sanaa ya Kikristo">Sanaa ya Kikristo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukristo_na_dini_nyingine" title="Ukristo na dini nyingine">Ukristo na dini nyingine</a></li></ul></div> </div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="padding-bottom: 0.2em;"> <div class="NavFrame" style="border:none;padding:0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%; background:lavender;padding:0.2em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Madhehebu" title="Madhehebu">Madhehebu</a></div> <div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%; padding:0.2em 0 0.4em; text-align:center; padding:0.2em 0 0.4em; text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Ukristo_wa_Mashariki" title="Ukristo wa Mashariki">Mashariki</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kanisa_la_Asiria" title="Kanisa la Asiria">Waasiria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakatoliki_wa_Mashariki" class="mw-redirect" title="Wakatoliki wa Mashariki">Wakatoliki wa Mashariki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waorthodoksi" title="Waorthodoksi">Waorthodoksi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waorthodoksi_wa_Mashariki" title="Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki">Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Ukristo_wa_Magharibi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukristo wa Magharibi">Magharibi</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Waadventisti" title="Waadventisti">Waadventisti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waanabaptisti" title="Waanabaptisti">Waanabaptisti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglikana" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglikana">Waanglikana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wabaptisti" class="mw-redirect" title="Wabaptisti">Wabaptisti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakalvini" title="Wakalvini">Wakalvini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanisa_Katoliki" title="Kanisa Katoliki">Wakatoliki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakatoliki_wa_Kale" title="Wakatoliki wa Kale">Wakatoliki wa Kale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walutheri" title="Walutheri">Walutheri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wamethodisti" title="Wamethodisti">Wamethodisti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wamoravian" class="mw-redirect" title="Wamoravian">Wamoraviani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wapentekoste" title="Wapentekoste">Wapentekoste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uprotestanti" title="Uprotestanti">Waprotestanti</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Wasiosadiki_Utatu" title="Wasiosadiki Utatu">Wasiosadiki Utatu</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mashahidi_wa_Yehova" title="Mashahidi wa Yehova">Mashahidi wa Yehova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wamormoni" title="Wamormoni">Wamormoni</a></li></ul></div> </div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="text-align: right; padding-top: 0.6em;"><div class="noprint plainlinks hlist navbar mini" style=""><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Ukristo" title="Kigezo:Ukristo"><span title="Onyesha kizego" style="">o</span></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majadiliano_ya_kigezo:Ukristo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majadiliano ya kigezo:Ukristo (bado haujaandikwa)"><span title="Majadiliano ya kigezo" style="">m</span></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kigezo:Ukristo&action=edit"><span title="Hariri kigezo." style="">h</span></a></li></ul></div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><br /> <b>Ukristo</b> (kutoka neno la <a href="/wiki/Kigiriki" title="Kigiriki">Kigiriki</a> Χριστός, Khristos, ambalo linatafsiri lile la <a href="/wiki/Kiebrania" title="Kiebrania">Kiebrania</a> מָשִׁיחַ, Māšîăḥ, linalomaanisha "Mpakwamafuta" <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) ni <a href="/wiki/Dini" title="Dini">dini</a> inayomwamini <a href="/wiki/Mungu" title="Mungu">Mungu</a> pekee<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> kama alivyofunuliwa kwa <a href="/wiki/Waisraeli" class="mw-redirect" title="Waisraeli">Waisraeli</a> katika <a href="/wiki/Historia_ya_wokovu" class="mw-redirect" title="Historia ya wokovu">historia ya wokovu</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Agano_la_Kale" title="Agano la Kale">Agano la Kale</a> na hasa <a href="/wiki/Yesu_Kristo" class="mw-redirect" title="Yesu Kristo">Yesu Kristo</a> katika <a href="/wiki/Agano_Jipya" title="Agano Jipya">Agano Jipya</a> ambaye ni <a href="/wiki/Mwanzilishi" title="Mwanzilishi">mwanzilishi</a> wake katika <a href="/wiki/Karne_ya_1" title="Karne ya 1">karne ya 1</a>. </p><p>Dini hiyo, iliyotokana na ile ya <a href="/wiki/Wayahudi" title="Wayahudi">Wayahudi</a>, inalenga kuenea kwa <a href="/wiki/Binadamu" title="Binadamu">binadamu</a> wote, na kwa sasa ni <a href="/wiki/Ukristo_nchi_kwa_nchi" title="Ukristo nchi kwa nchi">kubwa</a> kuliko zote <a href="/wiki/Duniani" class="mw-redirect" title="Duniani">duniani</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PewDec2012_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PewDec2012-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ikiwa na wafuasi 2,400,000,000 (33% kati ya watu 7.274 bilioni)<sup id="cite_ref-World_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gordonconwell.edu_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gordonconwell.edu-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Major_Religions_Ranked_by_Size_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Major_Religions_Ranked_by_Size-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Global_Christianity_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Global_Christianity-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ambao <a href="/wiki/Nusu" title="Nusu">nusu</a> ni waamini wa <a href="/wiki/Kanisa_Katoliki" title="Kanisa Katoliki">Kanisa Katoliki</a> na nusu ya pili wamegawanyika kati ya <a href="/wiki/Waorthodoksi" title="Waorthodoksi">Waorthodoksi</a> (11.9%) na Waprotestanti (38%) wa <a href="/wiki/Madhehebu" title="Madhehebu">madhehebu</a> mengi sana. </p><p>Karibu wote wanakubali <a href="/wiki/Utatu_Mtakatifu" class="mw-redirect" title="Utatu Mtakatifu">Utatu Mtakatifu</a>, yaani kwamba <a href="/wiki/Milele" title="Milele">milele</a> yote Mungu ni <a href="/wiki/Nafsi" title="Nafsi">nafsi</a> <a href="/wiki/Tatu" title="Tatu">tatu</a> zenye <a href="/wiki/Umoja" title="Umoja">umoja</a> kamili: <a href="/wiki/Baba" title="Baba">Baba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mwana" class="mw-redirect" title="Mwana">Mwana</a> na <a href="/wiki/Roho_Mtakatifu" title="Roho Mtakatifu">Roho Mtakatifu</a>. Ni kwa <a href="/wiki/Jina" title="Jina">jina</a> lao kwamba <a href="/wiki/Taifa" title="Taifa">mataifa</a> yote wanahimizwa kubatizwa kwa <a href="/wiki/Maji" title="Maji">maji</a>, ili kuzaliwa upya, kadiri ya agizo la Yesu ili kuingizwa katika <a href="/wiki/Fumbo" title="Fumbo">fumbo</a> la Mungu pekee kupitia fumbo la kifo na ufufuko wake mwenyewe. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Kitabu" title="Kitabu">Kitabu</a> kitakatifu cha Ukristo kinajulikana kama <a href="/wiki/Biblia_ya_Kikristo" title="Biblia ya Kikristo">Biblia</a>. Ndani yake inategemea hasa <a href="/wiki/Injili" title="Injili">Injili</a> na vitabu vingine vya <a href="/wiki/Agano_Jipya" title="Agano Jipya">Agano Jipya</a>. </p><p>Wakati wa <a href="/wiki/Mababu_wa_Kanisa" class="mw-redirect" title="Mababu wa Kanisa">Mababu wa Kanisa</a> misingi ya <a href="/wiki/Imani" title="Imani">imani</a> ya Ukristo ilifafanuliwa na <a href="/wiki/Mitaguso_ya_kiekumeni" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitaguso ya kiekumeni">Mitaguso ya kiekumeni</a> namna inayokubaliwa na wengi kabisa kati ya Wakristo wa leo. <a href="/wiki/Nasadiki" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasadiki">Maungamo yao</a> yanakiri kwamba Yesu ni <a href="/wiki/Mwana_wa_Mungu" title="Mwana wa Mungu">Mwana wa Mungu</a> aliyefanyika mtu ili kuwaokoa <a href="/wiki/Binadamu" title="Binadamu">binadamu</a>. Baada ya kuteswa na kuuawa <a href="/wiki/Msalaba_wa_Yesu" title="Msalaba wa Yesu">msalabani</a> alizikwa ila <a href="/wiki/Ufufuko_wa_Yesu" title="Ufufuko wa Yesu">akafufuka</a>, siku ya tatu akapaa kwa Mungu akishiriki <a href="/wiki/Mamlaka" title="Mamlaka">mamlaka</a> ya Baba hadi <a href="/wiki/Ujio_wa_pili" title="Ujio wa pili">atakaporudi</a> <a href="/wiki/Hukumu_ya_mwisho" title="Hukumu ya mwisho">kuhukumu waadilifu na wasiotubu</a>, akiwapa <a href="/wiki/Tuzo" title="Tuzo">tuzo</a> au <a href="/wiki/Adhabu" title="Adhabu">adhabu</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Milele" title="Milele">milele</a> kadiri ya imani na matendo yao. </p><p>Hivyo, kati ya <a href="/wiki/Madhehebu" title="Madhehebu">madhehebu</a> ya Ukristo, karibu yote yanamkiri <a href="/wiki/Yesu" title="Yesu">Yesu</a> kuwa kwa pamoja Mungu kweli na mtu kweli: katika <a href="/wiki/Umoja" title="Umoja">umoja</a> na <a href="/wiki/Nafsi" title="Nafsi">nafsi</a> yake ya Kimungu zinapatikana sasa hali hizo zote mbili. </p><p>Yote yanamkiri kuwa <a href="/wiki/Mwokozi" title="Mwokozi">Mwokozi</a> wa watu wote, na kuwa ndiye atakayerudi mwishoni mwa <a href="/wiki/Dunia" title="Dunia">dunia</a> kwa <a href="/wiki/Hukumu" title="Hukumu">hukumu</a> ya wote, ingawa maelezo kuhusu jambo hilo yanatofautiana. </p><p>Vilevile yote yanamchukua kama <a href="/wiki/Kielelezo" title="Kielelezo">kielelezo</a> cha <a href="/wiki/Utakatifu" title="Utakatifu">utakatifu</a> ambacho - kwa msaada wa <a href="/wiki/Roho_Mtakatifu" title="Roho Mtakatifu">Roho Mtakatifu</a> na wa <a href="/wiki/Sakramenti" title="Sakramenti">sakramenti</a> zilizowekwa na Yesu mwenyewe, kuanzia ile ya <a href="/wiki/Ubatizo" title="Ubatizo">ubatizo</a> - kiwaongoze ndani ya <a href="/wiki/Kanisa" title="Kanisa">Kanisa</a> katika <a href="/wiki/Maadili" title="Maadili">maadili</a> yao maalumu, kuanzia <a href="/wiki/Unyenyekevu" title="Unyenyekevu">unyenyekevu</a> na <a href="/wiki/Upole" title="Upole">upole</a> hadi <a href="/wiki/Upendo" title="Upendo">upendo</a> unaowaenea wote, bila kumbagua yeyote, hata <a href="/wiki/Adui" title="Adui">adui</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Asili">Asili</h2></div> <p>Chimbuko la Ukristo ni mtu huyo aliyezaliwa takriban miaka 2000 iliyopita huko <a href="/wiki/Mashariki_ya_Kati" title="Mashariki ya Kati">Mashariki ya Kati</a>, katika <a href="/wiki/Kijiji" title="Kijiji">kijiji</a> cha <a href="/wiki/Bethlehemu" title="Bethlehemu">Bethlehemu</a> kilichopo hadi hivi leo kwenye mipaka ya <a href="/wiki/Palestina" title="Palestina">Palestina</a>; alikuwa akiitwa <a href="/wiki/Yesu" title="Yesu">Yesu</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Nazareti" title="Nazareti">Nazareti</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kijiji" title="Kijiji">kijiji</a> alikokulia) au <a href="/wiki/Mwana" class="mw-redirect" title="Mwana">mwana</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Yosefu_(mume_wa_Maria)" title="Yosefu (mume wa Maria)">Yosefu</a> <a href="/wiki/Seremala" class="mw-redirect" title="Seremala">mchonga samani</a>,<a href="/wiki/Mama" title="Mama">mama</a> yake akifahamika kwa <a href="/wiki/Jina" title="Jina">jina</a> la <a href="/wiki/Bikira_Maria" title="Bikira Maria">Bikira Maria</a>. </p><p>Kwa kumuita pia <a href="/wiki/Kristo" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristo">Kristo</a>, wafuasi wake walikiri kwamba ndiye aliyetimiza <a href="/wiki/Utabiri" title="Utabiri">utabiri</a> wa ma<a href="/wiki/Nabii" title="Nabii">nabii</a> wa kale, kama unavyopatikana katika <a href="/wiki/Vitabu" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitabu">vitabu</a> vya <a href="/wiki/Biblia_ya_Kiebrania" title="Biblia ya Kiebrania">Biblia ya Kiebrania</a> na <a href="/wiki/Deuterokanoni" title="Deuterokanoni">Deuterokanoni</a>. </p><p>Habari za maisha na mafundisho yake zinapatikana kirefu zaidi katika <a href="/wiki/Injili" title="Injili">Injili</a> nne zilizokubalika, katika <a href="/wiki/Agano_Jipya" title="Agano Jipya">Agano Jipya</a> kwa jumla, lakini pia ziliandaliwa na kutabiriwa na <a href="/wiki/Agano_la_Kale" title="Agano la Kale">Agano la Kale</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Yesu_kama_Masiya_aliyetarajiwa">Yesu kama Masiya aliyetarajiwa</h2></div> <p>Ukristo ni matokeo ya <a href="/wiki/Utume" title="Utume">utume</a> wa Yesu, uliopokewa na waliomwamini kuwa ndiye <a href="/wiki/Masiya" title="Masiya">Masiya</a>, yaani <a href="/wiki/Mkombozi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mkombozi">mkombozi</a> aliyetimiliza ahadi za Mungu kwa <a href="/wiki/Binadamu" title="Binadamu">binadamu</a>. </p><p>Katika <a href="/wiki/Kitabu_cha_Mwanzo" class="mw-redirect" title="Kitabu cha Mwanzo">kitabu cha Mwanzo</a> tunasoma <a href="/wiki/Utabiri" title="Utabiri">utabiri</a> wa kuja kwake ulianzia katika <a href="/wiki/Bustani" title="Bustani">bustani</a> ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edeni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edeni (bado haujaandikwa)">Edeni</a> pale Mungu alipomwambia <a href="/wiki/Nyoka" title="Nyoka">nyoka</a>, yaani <a href="/wiki/Shetani" title="Shetani">shetani</a>, kuhusu <a href="/wiki/Mwanamke" title="Mwanamke">mwanamke</a> kwamba "uzao wake utakuponda kichwa" (<a href="/wiki/Mwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Mwa">Mwa</a> 3:15). </p><p>Baadaye <a href="/wiki/Abrahamu" title="Abrahamu">Abrahamu</a>, babu wa <a href="/wiki/Taifa" title="Taifa">taifa</a> la <a href="/wiki/Israeli" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli">Israeli</a>, kwa <a href="/wiki/Imani" title="Imani">imani</a> na <a href="/wiki/Utiifu" title="Utiifu">utiifu</a> wake kwa Mungu, aliahidiwa kwamba katika <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uzao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uzao (bado haujaandikwa)">uzao</a> wake mataifa yote <a href="/wiki/Baraka" title="Baraka">yatabarikiwa</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Musa" title="Musa">Musa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mwanaharakati" class="mw-redirect" title="Mwanaharakati">mwanaharakati</a> aliyewakomboa watu wa Israeli kutoka <a href="/wiki/Utumwa" title="Utumwa">utumwani</a> <a href="/wiki/Misri" title="Misri">Misri</a> takribani miaka <a href="/wiki/1250_KK" title="1250 KK">1250 KK</a> (kabla ya kuzaliwa kwa Yesu), ndiye <a href="/wiki/Nabii" title="Nabii">nabii</a> wa kwanza kutabiri wazi kwa niaba ya Mungu ujio wa Masiya au Kristo (<a href="/wiki/Kumb" class="mw-redirect" title="Kumb">Kumb</a> 18:15-22, hususan mstari 18: "Nitawainulia nabii kama wewe kutoka miongoni mwa ndugu zenu; na nitatia neno langu kinywani mwake na atasema nao yote niliyomwamuru." </p><p>Kuja kwake kulitimia katika Agano Jipya, ambalo ni ukamilifu wa yote yaliyotabiriwa katika <a href="/wiki/Agano_la_Kale" title="Agano la Kale">Agano la Kale</a>. Kwani Musa alitumwa kuanzisha Agano la Kale kama maandalizi ya Agano Jipya, akikabidhi mifumo mingi ya nje na ndani kwa watawala na <a href="/wiki/Waamuzi" class="mw-redirect" title="Waamuzi">waamuzi</a> waliomfuatia watakaoshikilia Agano la kusubiri Masiya wakishirikiana na ma<a href="/wiki/Nabii" title="Nabii">nabii</a> na ma<a href="/wiki/Kuhani" title="Kuhani">kuhani</a>. </p><p>Yesu alizaliwa miaka kama 1800 baada ya Abrahamu. Vitabu vya <a href="/wiki/Injili" title="Injili">Injili</a> vinaeleza matukio na mafundisho ya Yesu ambayo ndiyo mwongozo wa <a href="/wiki/Imani" title="Imani">imani</a> hiyo. <a href="/wiki/Maisha" title="Maisha">Maisha</a> na <a href="/wiki/Kazi" title="Kazi">kazi</a> ya Yesu vimeibua mambo mengi katika <a href="/wiki/Historia" title="Historia">historia</a>. Ndiyo sababu <a href="/wiki/Kalenda" title="Kalenda">kalenda</a> iliyoenea duniani huhesabu miaka kutoka ujio wake; huu ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mchango&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mchango (bado haujaandikwa)">mchango</a> mmojawapo wa Ukristo katika <a href="/wiki/Ustaarabu" title="Ustaarabu">ustaarabu</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mafundisho_ya_msingi_ya_Yesu">Mafundisho ya msingi ya Yesu</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Bloch-SermonOnTheMount.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Bloch-SermonOnTheMount.jpg/220px-Bloch-SermonOnTheMount.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="247" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Bloch-SermonOnTheMount.jpg/330px-Bloch-SermonOnTheMount.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Bloch-SermonOnTheMount.jpg/440px-Bloch-SermonOnTheMount.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1377" data-file-height="1545" /></a><figcaption><b>Hotuba ya Mlimani</b> kadiri ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carl_Heinrich_Bloch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carl Heinrich Bloch (bado haujaandikwa)">Carl Heinrich Bloch</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hotuba_ya_Mlimani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hotuba ya Mlimani (bado haujaandikwa)">Hotuba ya Mlimani</a> inachukuliwa na Wakristo kuwa utimilifu wa <a href="/wiki/Torati" title="Torati">Torati</a> iliyotolewa na <a href="/wiki/Musa" title="Musa">Musa</a> katika <a href="/wiki/Mlima_Sinai" class="mw-redirect" title="Mlima Sinai">Mlima Sinai</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Yesu alifanya <a href="/wiki/Ishara" title="Ishara">ishara</a> za kustaajabisha, au <a href="/wiki/Miujiza" class="mw-redirect" title="Miujiza">miujiza</a>. Matokeo ni kwamba, watu wengi wakamwamini. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikodemu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikodemu (bado haujaandikwa)">Nikodemu</a>, mshiriki mmojawapo wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baraza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baraza (bado haujaandikwa)">baraza</a> la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sanhedrini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sanhedrini (bado haujaandikwa)">Sanhedrini</a>, ambalo lilikuwa pia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahakama_kuu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahakama kuu (bado haujaandikwa)">mahakama kuu</a> ya Wayahudi, alivutiwa na kutaka kujua zaidi kuhusu <a href="/wiki/Siri" title="Siri">siri</a> ya miujiza hiyo na <a href="/wiki/Ujumbe" title="Ujumbe">ujumbe</a> kutoka kwa Mungu; kwani yeye alihamasika kuona ishara zile kutoka kwa Mungu. </p><p>Yesu akamjibu kwamba hakika mtu hawezi kuingia <a href="/wiki/Ufalme_wa_Mungu" title="Ufalme wa Mungu">ufalme wa Mungu</a> asipozaliwa mara ya pili kwa <a href="/wiki/Maji" title="Maji">maji</a> na <a href="/wiki/Roho_Mtakatifu" title="Roho Mtakatifu">Roho Mtakatifu</a>. </p><p>Pia akajieleza kuwa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mpatanishi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mpatanishi (bado haujaandikwa)">mpatanishi</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Ulimwengu" title="Ulimwengu">ulimwengu</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Dhambi" title="Dhambi">dhambi</a> na Mungu na kwamba kila anayemgeukia kwa <a href="/wiki/Imani" title="Imani">imani</a> hatapotea, bali atarithi <a href="/wiki/Uzima_wa_milele" title="Uzima wa milele">uzima wa milele</a>: alisema mwenyewe ni mfano wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyoka_wa_shaba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nyoka wa shaba (bado haujaandikwa)">nyoka wa shaba</a> aliyetengenezwa na Musa. (<a href="/wiki/Yoh" class="mw-redirect" title="Yoh">Yoh</a> 2:23-3:21; <a href="/wiki/Hes" class="mw-redirect" title="Hes">Hes</a> 21:9). </p><p>Akiwa kando ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ziwa_la_Galilaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ziwa la Galilaya (bado haujaandikwa)">Ziwa la Galilaya</a>, Yesu alikuta <a href="/wiki/Umati" title="Umati">umati</a> wa watu umekusanyika. Basi akapanda <a href="/wiki/Mashua" title="Mashua">mashuani</a> na kuenda mbali kidogo na <a href="/wiki/Ufuoni" title="Ufuoni">ufuoni</a>, akaanza kuwafundisha kuhusu <a href="/wiki/Ufalme_wa_mbinguni" class="mw-redirect" title="Ufalme wa mbinguni">Ufalme wa mbinguni</a> kupitia mfululizo wa <a href="/wiki/Mifano_ya_Yesu" title="Mifano ya Yesu">mifano</a>. </p><p>Mmojawapo ni huu ufuatao: "Ufalme wa mbinguni ni kama punje ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haradali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haradali (bado haujaandikwa)">haradali</a> ambayo mtu anaipanda. Ingawa ni <a href="/wiki/Mbegu" title="Mbegu">mbegu</a> ndogo sana inakua na kuwa <a href="/wiki/Mti" title="Mti">mti</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Mboga" title="Mboga">mboga</a> mkubwa kuliko yote. Inakuwa mti ambao <a href="/wiki/Ndege" class="mw-disambig" title="Ndege">ndege</a> wanauendea, wakipata makao katika matawi yake". (<a href="/wiki/Math" class="mw-redirect" title="Math">Math</a> 13:1-52; <a href="/wiki/Mk" class="mw-redirect" title="Mk">Mk</a> 4:1-34; <a href="/wiki/Lk" class="mw-redirect" title="Lk">Lk</a> 8:4-18; <a href="/wiki/Zab" class="mw-redirect" title="Zab">Zab</a> 78:2; <a href="/wiki/Isa" title="Isa">Isa</a> 6:9,10). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kanisa_siku_za_mwanzo">Kanisa siku za mwanzo</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Risen_Christ_appears_to_his_Mother_by_Daniele_Monteleone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Risen_Christ_appears_to_his_Mother_by_Daniele_Monteleone.jpg/170px-Risen_Christ_appears_to_his_Mother_by_Daniele_Monteleone.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Risen_Christ_appears_to_his_Mother_by_Daniele_Monteleone.jpg/255px-Risen_Christ_appears_to_his_Mother_by_Daniele_Monteleone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Risen_Christ_appears_to_his_Mother_by_Daniele_Monteleone.jpg/340px-Risen_Christ_appears_to_his_Mother_by_Daniele_Monteleone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="557" /></a><figcaption>Umoja wa waamini na Kristo ndio lengo la Ukristo.</figcaption></figure> <p>Jumuia ya Wakristo inaitwa <a href="/wiki/Kanisa" title="Kanisa">Kanisa</a>, yaani "mkusanyiko" kama lilivyotajwa na Yesu mwenyewe hasa katika <a href="/wiki/Injili_ya_Mathayo" title="Injili ya Mathayo">Injili ya Mathayo</a> 16:18: "Wewe ndiwe <a href="/wiki/Mtume_Petro" title="Mtume Petro">Petro</a> na juu ya mwamba huu, nitalijenga kanisa langu. Wala milango ya kuzimu haitalishinda". </p><p>Yesu aliita wengine 11 pamoja na Petro kuunda kundi la <a href="/wiki/Mitume_wa_Yesu" title="Mitume wa Yesu">mitume wake</a>. Idadi yao ilipangwa kwa kusudi la kudokeza kwamba ndiyo mwanzo mpya wa <a href="/wiki/Taifa_la_Mungu" title="Taifa la Mungu">taifa la Mungu</a>, kama vile watoto 12 wa <a href="/wiki/Yakobo_Israeli" title="Yakobo Israeli">Yakobo Israeli</a> walivyokuwa mwanzo wa <a href="/wiki/Taifa" title="Taifa">taifa</a> lake la kale. </p><p>Yesu aliwapa hao <a href="/wiki/Thenashara" title="Thenashara">Thenashara</a> <a href="/wiki/Mamlaka" title="Mamlaka">mamlaka</a> ile aliyopewa na <a href="/wiki/Mungu_Baba" title="Mungu Baba">Mungu Baba</a> ili kuokoa watu. </p><p>Yesu na wanafunzi wake wa kwanza walikuwa Wayahudi. Yaani walizaliwa katika uzazi wa Abrahamu wakiwa watoto wa Agano lililofanywa kati ya Mungu na taifa lake la Israeli zamani za Musa. </p><p>Wakati wa Yesu Waisraeli hao waliitwa "Wayahudi". Walio wengi waliishi nje ya nchi ya Israeli/Palestina, kutokana na <a href="/wiki/Vita" title="Vita">vita</a> vingi vya zamani vilivyosababisha <a href="/wiki/Wakimbizi" class="mw-redirect" title="Wakimbizi">wakimbizi</a> kuhamia nchi zenye <a href="/wiki/Usalama" title="Usalama">usalama</a> zaidi. Jumuiya za Wayahudi zilipatikana katika miji yote mikubwa ya <a href="/wiki/Afrika_Kaskazini" class="mw-redirect" title="Afrika Kaskazini">Afrika Kaskazini</a> (hasa <a href="/wiki/Misri" title="Misri">Misri</a> na <a href="/wiki/Libia" class="mw-redirect" title="Libia">Libia</a>), <a href="/wiki/Ulaya_Kusini" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulaya Kusini">Ulaya Kusini</a> na <a href="/wiki/Asia_Magharibi" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia Magharibi">Asia Magharibi</a> mpaka <a href="/wiki/Uajemi" title="Uajemi">Uajemi</a>. </p><p>Kwa upande mmoja Wayahudi walitoka katika <a href="/wiki/Ukoo" title="Ukoo">ukoo</a> wa Ibrahimu, hasa waliokaa Israeli/Palestina. Lakini watu wengine wenye asili ya mataifa tofauti waliwahi kujiunga na <a href="/wiki/Imani" title="Imani">imani</a> ya Wayahudi na kuchukua hatua ya kuongoka na <a href="/wiki/Tohara" title="Tohara">kutahiriwa</a>. </p><p>Katika mazingira yao Wayahudi walikuwa watu wa pekee waliomshuhudia Mungu mmoja tu. Walikuwa tofauti na wengine kwani hawakushiriki katika <a href="/wiki/Ibada" title="Ibada">ibada</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Miungu" title="Miungu">miungu</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Serikali" title="Serikali">serikali</a>, tena walitunza <a href="/w/index.php?title=Utaratibu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utaratibu (bado haujaandikwa)">utaratibu</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Sabato" title="Sabato">sabato</a> yaani kutotenda kazi siku ya saba. </p><p>Mitume wa Yesu walizunguka awali hasa katika jumuiya za Wayahudi kila mahali walipokwenda. Mwanzoni Kanisa lilionekana kama <a href="/wiki/Dhehebu" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhehebu">dhehebu</a> la Kiyahudi tu. Baada ya kupokea watu kutoka mataifa bila kuwatahiri hali ilibadilika: Kanisa likawa <a href="/wiki/Taifa_la_Mungu" title="Taifa la Mungu">taifa la Mungu</a> kutoka kwa Wayahudi na kwa Mataifa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ujio_wa_Roho_Mtakatifu">Ujio wa <a href="/wiki/Roho_Mtakatifu" title="Roho Mtakatifu">Roho Mtakatifu</a></h3></div> <p>Mara baada ya Yesu kwenda zake katika tukio linalotajwa kupaa kwake mbinguni, wafuasi wake wakarudi <a href="/wiki/Yerusalemu" title="Yerusalemu">Yerusalemu</a>, yapata mwendo wa <a href="/wiki/Sabato" title="Sabato">sabato</a>, na walipoingia huko, wakapanda ghorofani walipokuwa wakikaa <a href="/wiki/Mtume_Petro" title="Mtume Petro">Mtume Petro</a> na <a href="/wiki/Mitume_wa_Yesu" title="Mitume wa Yesu">wenzake</a>. </p><p>Hata ilipotimia siku ya <a href="/wiki/Pentekoste" title="Pentekoste">Pentekoste</a> walikuwapo wote mahali pamoja. Ukaja <a href="/wiki/Upepo" title="Upepo">upepo</a> toka juu kama upepo wa nguvu ukienda kasi, ukaijaza nyumba yote waliyokuwa wameketi. Kukatokea na ndimi zilizogawanyikana, kama ndimi za moto uliowakalia kila mmoja wao. Wote wakajazwa na Roho Mtakatifu, wakaanza kusema kwa <a href="/wiki/Lugha" title="Lugha">lugha</a> nyingine, kama Roho alivyowajalia. (<a href="/wiki/Mdo" class="mw-redirect" title="Mdo">Mdo</a> 1:12-14, 2:1-4). </p><p>Hii ilifuatiwa na Petro na wenzake kuanza kuhubiri <a href="/wiki/Ufufuko" title="Ufufuko">ufufuko</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Bwana" title="Bwana">Bwana</a> Yesu na hatimaye kugusa watu 3,000 waliokubali kubatizwa siku hiyo. (Mdo 2: 37-40). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ustawi_wa_jumuia_ya_kwanza_ya_wafuasi_wa_Kristo">Ustawi wa jumuia ya kwanza ya wafuasi wa Kristo</h3></div> <p>Watu walipokuwa wakidumu katika fundisho la mitume, <a href="/wiki/Sala" title="Sala">sala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ekaristi" title="Ekaristi">kumega mkate</a> na katika <a href="/wiki/Ushirika" class="mw-redirect" title="Ushirika">ushirika</a>, wengi wakaona ishara zao nyingi basi nao wakauza <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">mali</a> zao, na vitu walivyokuwanavyo, na kugawia watu wote kama kila mtu alivyokuwa na haja. </p><p>Basi, siku zote kwa moyo mmoja walidumu ndani ya <a href="/wiki/Hekalu" title="Hekalu">hekalu</a>, wakila pamoja na kushiriki kwa moyo mweupe. </p><p>Hivyo ndivyo jumuia ilivyozaliwa na kufahamika kama Kanisa. (Mdo 2:42-47). </p><p>Kukutanika na kushiriki ma<a href="/wiki/Fumbo" title="Fumbo">fumbo</a> makuu, kushukuru na kusifu, pamoja na uwepo wa <a href="/wiki/Vipaji_vya_Roho_Mtakatifu" title="Vipaji vya Roho Mtakatifu">vipaji</a> na <a href="/wiki/Karama" title="Karama">karama</a> za Roho Mtakatifu, hufanya Kanisa liwe hai. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uenezi_wa_awali_wa_Kanisa">Uenezi wa awali wa Kanisa</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Ujumbe" title="Ujumbe">Ujumbe</a> wa Yesu ulienea haraka toka <a href="/wiki/Yerusalemu" title="Yerusalemu">Yerusalemu</a> hata <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lida (bado haujaandikwa)">Lida</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yafa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yafa (bado haujaandikwa)">Yafa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaisaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaisaria (bado haujaandikwa)">Kaisaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samaria" title="Samaria">Samaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Damasko" class="mw-redirect" title="Damasko">Damasko</a> n.k. na kuanzisha jumuia nyingi. </p><p>Nazo jumuia kwa bidii za waamini wa mwanzo zikafika <a href="/wiki/Foinike" class="mw-redirect" title="Foinike">Foinike</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kipro" class="mw-redirect" title="Kipro">Kipro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antiokia" title="Antiokia">Antiokia</a>, ambako waliitwa Wakristo kwa mara ya kwanza, kutokana na waamini wa mataifa mengine kuwazidi wale wenye asili ya Kiyahudi (Mdo 11:1-23). </p><p>Imani na desturi za mikusanyiko hiyo zenye asili ya Kiyahudi zilitapakaa na hivyo kuanza kusuguana na mapokeo ya jamii mbalimbali zilipopenya. Hii inatokana na ukweli kwamba watu wengi wa siku zile tayari walikuwa na imani zao walizokuwa wakizitunza. </p><p>Basi ukaja wakati ambao Wakristo wakaanza kukosoana kuhusu <a href="/wiki/Dhamiri" title="Dhamiri">dhamiri</a> zao na <a href="/wiki/Huduma" class="mw-disambig" title="Huduma">huduma</a>. Ndiyo asili ya <a href="/wiki/Nyaraka" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyaraka">nyaraka</a> mbalimbali ambazo zinaunda sehemu muhimu wa Agano Jipya. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uongozi_wa_Kanisa">Uongozi wa Kanisa</h2></div> <p>Kila <a href="/wiki/Jumuiya" title="Jumuiya">jumuiya</a> inatumia <a href="/wiki/Mbinu" title="Mbinu">mbinu</a> zake za <a href="/wiki/Uongozi" title="Uongozi">uongozi</a>. Mkuu wa jumuiya ya wanafunzi tangu mwanzo ni Bwana Yesu. Lakini kama kundi ni kubwa kazi ya uongozi ni tofauti. Haiwezekani kufanya kila kitu pamoja watu wakiwa wengi. Ipo lazima ya kugawana <a href="/wiki/Kazi" title="Kazi">kazi</a> na <a href="/wiki/Madaraka" title="Madaraka">madaraka</a>. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suala (bado haujaandikwa)">Suala</a> hili limekuwa muhimu sana katika historia ya Ukristo. Njia mbalimbali za uongozi ambazo zilitafutwa na kujaribiwa zinaonyesha tofauti muhimu kati ya madhehebu mbalimbali. Kwa jumla njia hizo zote zinajaribu kuiga mifano ya ushirika wa kwanza inayopatikana katika Biblia. Vyeo na <a href="/wiki/Shughuli" title="Shughuli">shughuli</a> maalumu zilizopo katika Ukristo leo, vina asili na mwanzo katika ugawaji wa madaraka ulivyokuwa wakati wa mitume. </p><p>Katika nyaraka za Paulo (ambazo ni maandiko ya kwanza katika Agano Jipya) tunaona hali ya Ukristo mwanzoni kabisa. Paulo anataja mitume, manabii, walimu, wenye vipawa mbalimbali (1Kor 12,28 n.k.), au ma<a href="/wiki/Askofu" title="Askofu">askofu</a> na ma<a href="/wiki/Shemasi" title="Shemasi">shemasi</a>, pia <a href="/wiki/Wazee" class="mw-redirect" title="Wazee">wazee</a>. Kwa jumla hakuna picha kamili ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Utaratibu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utaratibu (bado haujaandikwa)">utaratibu</a> mmoja uliokuwepo kila mahali. </p><p>Katika ushirika wa kwanza kule Yerusalemu Mitume, yaani ma<a href="/wiki/Rafiki" title="Rafiki">rafiki</a> wa Yesu wa karibu waliotumwa naye na kupewa kazi ya kueneza Habari Njema, ndio waliokuwa viongozi. Lakini baada ya muda mfupi kazi zilikuwa nyingi, hivyo wakaongeza "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wasaidizi_saba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wasaidizi saba (bado haujaandikwa)">Wasaidizi saba</a>". Hao saba walishughulikia hasa <a href="/wiki/Huduma" class="mw-disambig" title="Huduma">huduma</a> za <a href="/wiki/Upendo" title="Upendo">upendo</a>, yaani kuwagawia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wajane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wajane (bado haujaandikwa)">wajane</a> na wazee misaada. </p><p>Baada ya Mtume Petro kuhama Yerusalemu, <a href="/wiki/Yakobo_Mdogo" title="Yakobo Mdogo">Yakobo Mdogo</a> ndiye aliyeongoza ushirika huo. </p><p>Mwishoni mwa <a href="/wiki/Karne_ya_1" title="Karne ya 1">karne ya 1</a> <a href="/wiki/Cheo" title="Cheo">cheo</a> cha "Askofu" kiliimarika sana, lakini pia vikundi vya Wakristo wenye vyeo maalumu vya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Utumishi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utumishi (bado haujaandikwa)">utumishi</a> vilianza kutokea. Pamoja na Askofu vyeo vya <a href="/wiki/Kasisi" title="Kasisi">Kasisi</a> na <a href="/wiki/Shemasi" title="Shemasi">Shemasi</a> vilikuwa kawaida. Ma<a href="/w/index.php?title=Shemasi_wa_kike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shemasi wa kike (bado haujaandikwa)">shemasi wa kike</a> walipatikana pia mwanzoni, lakini walipotea baadaye, kutokana na <a href="/wiki/Utamaduni" title="Utamaduni">utamaduni</a> uliokazia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kipaumbele&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kipaumbele (bado haujaandikwa)">kipaumbele</a> cha <a href="/wiki/Wanaume" class="mw-redirect" title="Wanaume">wanaume</a>. </p><p>Kuanzia mwaka <a href="/wiki/100" title="100">100</a> hivi Kanisa likaitwa "<a href="/wiki/Katoliki" title="Katoliki">katoliki</a>" maana yake Kanisa moja kwa ajili ya nchi zote na watu wote, tofauti na vikundi vilivyojitenga nalo. Kila mji ulikuwa na askofu wake aliyeongoza kanisa. Maaskofu wa eneo au mkoa mmoja walikuwa chini ya <a href="/wiki/Askofu_Mkuu" class="mw-redirect" title="Askofu Mkuu">Askofu Mkuu</a>. Maaskofu wa <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ulaya" title="Ulaya">Ulaya</a> hadi Afrika Kaskazini-Magharibi), <a href="/wiki/Aleksandria" title="Aleksandria">Aleksandria</a> (<a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a>) na <a href="/wiki/Antiokia" title="Antiokia">Antiokia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>), waliheshimiwa kuliko maaskofu wengine wote wakaitwa "<a href="/wiki/Papa" title="Papa">Papa</a>" na "<a href="/wiki/Patriarki" title="Patriarki">Patriarki</a>". Cheo cha Patriarki kilipatikana pia kwa Askofu wa <a href="/wiki/Bizanti" title="Bizanti">Bizanti</a> (leo nchini <a href="/wiki/Uturuki" title="Uturuki">Uturuki</a>) baada ya ma<a href="/wiki/Kaisari" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaisari">kaisari</a> wa Roma kuhamia kule, na vilevile kwa Askofu wa Yerusalemu. </p><p>Katika karne za baadaye vikundi mbalimbali vilianza kupinga kuwapo kwa vyeo maalumu vya utumishi. Walisisitiza zaidi "<a href="/wiki/Ukuhani" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukuhani">ukuhani</a> wa Wakristo wote" maana yake kila Mkristo hushiriki utumishi ulio mmoja tu katika Kanisa. Madhehebu mengine ya Kiprotestanti, yakikumbuka sana matatizo ya utaratibu wa kiaskofu wakati wa <a href="/wiki/Karne_za_kati" class="mw-redirect" title="Karne za kati">karne za kati</a>, yaliona afadhali kuendelea bila cheo hicho. Wakatoliki, Waorthodoksi, Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki pamoja na <a href="/wiki/Wamoravian" class="mw-redirect" title="Wamoravian">Wamoravian</a> na <a href="/wiki/Waanglikana" title="Waanglikana">Waanglikana</a> wamehifadhi <a href="/wiki/Ngazi" class="mw-disambig" title="Ngazi">ngazi</a> za kale yaani Uaskofu, Ukasisi na Ushemasi. Nchini <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a> <a href="/wiki/Walutheri" title="Walutheri">Walutheri</a> pia <a href="/wiki/Wabatisti" class="mw-redirect" title="Wabatisti">Wabatisti</a> wa aina ya A.I.C. wanaheshimu cheo cha Uaskofu. Lakini kimataifa sehemu kubwa ya Walutheri, na hasa <a href="/wiki/Wapresbiteriani" class="mw-redirect" title="Wapresbiteriani">Wapresbiteriani</a> (Reformed) na Wabatisti hawana Askofu, wakisisitiza zaidi <a href="/wiki/Uwezo" title="Uwezo">uwezo</a> na <a href="/wiki/Haki" title="Haki">haki</a> ya kila Mkristo kushiriki katika shughuli zote za utumishi akichaguliwa. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Imani" title="Imani">Imani</a> ya Ukristo ni juu ya Yesu. Alikuja kwelikweli hapa duniani. Alichagua kuja katika nchi ile ya Israeli miaka 2000 iliyopita. Akawachagua wanafunzi wake ambao tunawaita "mitume". Hakika alikuwa na maana kufanya hivyo. Mitume ndio waliotekeleza maagizo ya Yesu, "Basi enendeni, mkawafanye mataifa yote kuwa wanafunzi, mkiwabatiza kwa jina la Baba, na Mwana, na Roho Mtakatifu; na kuwafundisha kuyashika yote niliyoamuru ninyi; na tazama, mimi nipo pamoja nanyi siku zote, hata ukamilifu wa dhahari" (<a href="/wiki/Math" class="mw-redirect" title="Math">Math</a> 28:19-20). Biblia inatupa habari za aina hii: wale Mitume ni mifano ya Ukristo wetu katika nguvu au <a href="/wiki/Karama" title="Karama">karama</a> zao, lakini pia katika <a href="/w/index.php?title=Udhaifu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Udhaifu (bado haujaandikwa)">udhaifu</a> wao. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Petro">Petro</h3></div> <p>Petro ni jina lenye maana ya "<a href="/wiki/Mwamba" class="mw-redirect" title="Mwamba">mwamba</a>". Alikutana na Yesu akiwa <a href="/wiki/Mvuvi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mvuvi">mvuvi</a>, akaendelea kuwa rafiki yake wa karibu sana. Yesu alipokamatwa, Petro alitaka kutumia <a href="/wiki/Upanga" title="Upanga">upanga</a> wake ili amtetee. Lakini alipoulizwa baadaye kama yeye ni rafiki wa Yesu aliogopa akasema hamjui. </p><p>Katika ushirika wa Yerusalemu alikuwa kiongozi muhimu. Alikuwa Mtume wa kwanza kumpokea katika Kanisa watu wasio Wayahudi bila kudai <a href="/wiki/Tohara" title="Tohara">watahiriwe</a> kwanza. Baadaye akawa katika mji mkubwa wa <a href="/wiki/Antiokia" title="Antiokia">Antiokia</a>. Katika taarifa ya Luka tunamwona tena Yerusalemu alipokutana na Paulo na kushauriana juu ya kupokea Wapagani katika Ukristo. </p><p>Agano Jipya ina nyaraka mbili zilizoandikwa kwa jina lake. Kumbukumbu ya kale inasema alifika mpaka <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a>. Hapo aliuawa pamoja na Paulo katika mateso ya kwanza ya Wakristo chini ya <a href="/wiki/Serikali" title="Serikali">serikali</a>. </p><p>Petro ni mfano mzuri wa nguvu na udhaifu katika maisha ya Kikristo. Alikuwa na <a href="/wiki/Moyo_mkuu" title="Moyo mkuu">moyo mkuu</a> kumtetea Yesu kwa upanga asikamatwe - lakini mpaka siku ile hakuelewa kwamba njia ya Yesu si njia ya <a href="/wiki/Silaha" title="Silaha">silaha</a>. Alitaka kuwa karibu na Yesu - lakini kwa <a href="/wiki/Hofu" title="Hofu">hofu</a> akamkana. Alimwingiza katika Kanisa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jemadari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jemadari (bado haujaandikwa)">jemadari</a> Mpagani - lakini baadaye akawaogopa waliosema kwamba Mpagani asiingie katika ushirika mpaka awe ametahiriwa na kuwa Myahudi kwanza. Mwishoni mwa maisha yake Petro akawa <a href="/wiki/Shahidi" class="mw-redirect" title="Shahidi">shahidi</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Damu" title="Damu">damu</a> kwa Bwana wake kule Roma akafa msalabani kama Yesu. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Kanisa_la_Roma" title="Kanisa la Roma">Kanisa la Roma</a> linamkumbuka kama askofu wake wa kwanza. Kila <a href="/wiki/Papa" title="Papa">Papa</a> wa Kanisa Katoliki huitwa "mwandamizi wa Petro" kwani anashika cheo cha Askofu wa Roma kinachoaminika kuwa cha kwanza kati ya maaskofu wote duniani. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Paulo">Paulo</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Inside_of_Saint_Ananias.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Inside_of_Saint_Ananias.jpg/220px-Inside_of_Saint_Ananias.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Inside_of_Saint_Ananias.jpg/330px-Inside_of_Saint_Ananias.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Inside_of_Saint_Ananias.jpg/440px-Inside_of_Saint_Ananias.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Nyumba ya Mt. Anania, <a href="/wiki/Damascus" class="mw-redirect" title="Damascus">Damascus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>, ni kati ya zile za kwanza kutumika kwa ibada katika karne ya 1.</figcaption></figure> <p>Paulo hakuwa mfuasi wa Yesu alipokuwa duniani. Alikuwa Myahudi <a href="/wiki/Farisayo" class="mw-redirect" title="Farisayo">Farisayo</a> mzaliwa wa <a href="/wiki/Tarso" title="Tarso">Tarso</a> (mji wa <a href="/wiki/Kilikia" title="Kilikia">Kilikia</a>, leo nchini <a href="/wiki/Uturuki" title="Uturuki">Uturuki</a>). Alikwenda Palestina kwa masomo ya kidini. Tunasikia habari zake alivyohusika na <a href="/wiki/Kifodini" class="mw-redirect" title="Kifodini">kifodini</a> cha <a href="/wiki/Stefano" title="Stefano">Stefano</a> (Mdo 6). </p><p>Baadaye akatumwa na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baraza_Kuu_la_Kiyahudi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baraza Kuu la Kiyahudi (bado haujaandikwa)">Baraza Kuu la Kiyahudi</a> kuwatafuta Wayahudi waliojiunga na Ukristo na kuwakamata kama wakosaji. Aliposafiri hadi <a href="/wiki/Dameski" title="Dameski">Dameski</a> (mji mkuu wa <a href="/wiki/Siria" class="mw-redirect" title="Siria">Siria</a>) kwa ajili hiyo, Yesu alimtokea katika <a href="/wiki/Ono" title="Ono">ono</a> akaongoka kuwa Mkristo. Hivyo mtesaji wa Wakristo akawa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mhubiri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mhubiri (bado haujaandikwa)">mhubiri</a> mkuu wa Injili. </p><p>Hakuna mwingine kati ya mitume wote aliyesafiri, kuhubiri na kuanzisha shirika kama Paulo. Katika <a href="/wiki/Safari" title="Safari">safari</a> kubwa tatu alizunguka <a href="/wiki/Asia_Magharibi" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia Magharibi">Asia Magharibi</a> na <a href="/wiki/Ulaya_Kusini" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulaya Kusini">Ulaya Kusini</a>. Akaendelea kufundisha shirika alipoondoka kwa njia ya <a href="/wiki/Barua" title="Barua">barua</a> (au <a href="/wiki/Nyaraka" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyaraka">nyaraka</a>). <a href="/wiki/Nyaraka_za_Paulo" title="Nyaraka za Paulo">Nyaraka zake</a> mbalimbali zimehifadhiwa katika Agano Jipya. Katika nyaraka hizo Paulo anaonekana kuwa mtaalamu wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sheria_ya_Kiyahudi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sheria ya Kiyahudi (bado haujaandikwa)">Sheria ya Kiyahudi</a> ilivyo katika <a href="/wiki/Agano_la_Kale" title="Agano la Kale">Agano la Kale</a>. Akatetea kupokea Wapagani katika Kanisa akafundisha jinsi gani <a href="/wiki/Uhuru" title="Uhuru">uhuru</a> katika Kristo unavyopita masharti ya sheria ya kale. </p><p>Mwishoni akakamatwa kule Yerusalemu akashtakiwa ya kuwa amehatarisha <a href="/wiki/Amani" title="Amani">amani</a>. Kama mzaliwa wa Tarso alikuwa na <a href="/wiki/Uraia" title="Uraia">uraia</a> wa Roma akadai <a href="/wiki/Haki" title="Haki">haki</a> yake ya kukata <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rufaa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rufaa (bado haujaandikwa)">rufaa</a> kule, mbele ya <a href="/wiki/Kaisari" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaisari">Kaisari</a>. Akapelekwa Roma (Mdo 28). Hatuna hakika juu ya <a href="/wiki/Kesi" title="Kesi">kesi</a> yake. Labda alipata nafasi ya kusafiri tena na kuhubiri Injili mpaka <a href="/wiki/Hispania" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispania">Hispania</a>. Lakini kumbukumbu ya kale inatuambia kwamba aliuawa baada ya Petro kwa kukatwa kichwa katika mateso ya kwanza ya Wakristo (<a href="/wiki/64" title="64">64</a>-<a href="/wiki/68" title="68">68</a> BK). </p><p>Paulo ni mfano mzuri jinsi gani mtu aliyepinga Injili vikali aliongozwa kuihubiri. Nyaraka zake zinatuonyesha jinsi gani Mkristo anaweza kutumia <a href="/wiki/Akili" title="Akili">akili</a> yake pamoja na imani. Katika maandishi yake tunapata mtu aliyebebwa na imani katika matatizo na mateso makubwa. Anatufundisha kutoangalia Ukristo kama sheria au <a href="/wiki/Amri" title="Amri">amri</a> tu (Fanya! Acha!) bali kama jibu la <a href="/wiki/Upendo" title="Upendo">upendo</a> la mtu aliyeelewa upendo wa Mungu kwanza. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Thoma">Thoma</h3></div> <p>Mtume anayekumbukwa sana kule <a href="/wiki/India" class="mw-redirect" title="India">India</a> ni <a href="/wiki/Mtume_Thoma" title="Mtume Thoma">Thoma</a> (au: Tomaso) aliyefika mpaka Bara Hindi. <a href="/wiki/Kaburi" title="Kaburi">Kaburi</a> lake huonyeshwa katika mji wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Madras&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Madras (bado haujaandikwa)">Madras</a>. Mpaka leo wako "Wakristo wa Thoma" kusini-magharibi mwa Bara Hindi. Kwa muda mrefu walikosa mawasiliano na Wakristo wengine waliokuwa mbali, lakini siku hizi wanashiriki katika <a href="/wiki/Umoja_wa_Kanisa" class="mw-redirect" title="Umoja wa Kanisa">umoja wa Kanisa</a> duniani. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Muhtasari_wa_historia_ya_Kanisa">Muhtasari wa historia ya Kanisa</h2></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint"><i>Makala kuu: <a href="/wiki/Historia_ya_Kanisa" title="Historia ya Kanisa">Historia ya Kanisa</a></i></div></dd></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Ephesus_IchthysCrop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Ephesus_IchthysCrop.jpg/220px-Ephesus_IchthysCrop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Ephesus_IchthysCrop.jpg/330px-Ephesus_IchthysCrop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Ephesus_IchthysCrop.jpg/440px-Ephesus_IchthysCrop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1276" data-file-height="510" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Samaki" title="Samaki">Samaki</a> ilipata kuwa ishara ya Ukristo, kutokana na jina lake la Kigiriki lililoandikwa hivi huko <a href="/wiki/Efeso" title="Efeso">Efeso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uturuki" title="Uturuki">Uturuki</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Ukristo ulianza Mashariki ya Kati kama madhehebu ya Uyahudi ukaenea haraka kwa watu wa mataifa mengine mengi ya Asia, Afrika na Ulaya hivi kwamba waamini wenye asili ya Kiyahudi walizidi kuwa asilimia ndogo hasa kufikia mwisho wa <a href="/wiki/Karne_ya_1" title="Karne ya 1">karne ya 1</a>. </p><p>Kwa juhudi za Mitume waliowahi kuchaguliwa na Yesu na za wengineo, hasa Mtume Paulo. Ukristo ulienea hasa ndani ya mipaka ya <a href="/wiki/Dola_la_Roma" title="Dola la Roma">Dola la Roma</a> na kupokea yaliyo mema kutoka umataduni hasa wa Wagiriki (mashariki) na Walatini (magharibi), bila kukwamishwa na <a href="/wiki/Dhuluma" title="Dhuluma">dhuluma</a> za <a href="/wiki/Serikali" title="Serikali">serikali</a> zilizodumu kwa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kwikwi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kwikwi (bado haujaandikwa)">kwikwi</a> miaka karibu 250 (<a href="/wiki/64" title="64">64</a>-<a href="/wiki/313" title="313">313</a>). Hata nje ya dola hilo, Ukristo ulikabiliana na dhuluma, kama vile <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a> na <a href="/wiki/Uajemi" title="Uajemi">Uajemi</a>, ambapo ulidumisha zaidi sura asili ya <a href="/wiki/Kisemiti" class="mw-redirect" title="Kisemiti">Kisemiti</a>. </p><p>Wakati wa maisha ya Mitume, dhuluma zilizotabiriwa na Yesu zilianza kutoka kwa Wayahudi wasiomuamini na kutoka kwa watu wengine. Wa kwanza kuuawa alikuwa Stefano, na kati ya Mitume Yakobo Mkubwa. Kabla ya kufa, wengi kwa kuuawa, mitume waliweka waandamizi wao, ambao kati yao maaskofu mwanzoni mwa karne ya 2 walikuwa wameshika uongozi wa makanisa wakisaidiwa na mapadri na mashemasi. </p><p>Wakati huohuo vitabu vingi vya Kikristo vilivyotungwa katika nusu ya pili ya karne ya 1 vilizidi kuenea na kukusanywa hadi vikaunda Agano Jipya. </p><p>Baada ya hapo vitabu viliendelea kuandikwa kwa kutetea, kutangaza na kufafanua imani sahihi: ndiyo mwanzo wa teolojia kama fani maalumu. Tofauti za ufafanuzi huo, kama zile kati ya shule ya Aleksandria na shule ya Antiokia, ndizo chanzo cha mabishano yaliyochangia mafarakano makubwa yaliyotokea hasa katika <a href="/wiki/Karne_ya_5" title="Karne ya 5">karne ya 5</a>, ingawa kuanzia mwaka <a href="/wiki/325" title="325">325</a> <a href="/wiki/Mitaguso_mikuu" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitaguso mikuu">mitaguso mikuu</a> ilikusanya maaskofu wengi kutoka sehemu mbalimbali ili kumaliza migogoro. Tofauti za <a href="/wiki/Lugha" title="Lugha">lugha</a> na utamaduni, pamoja na <a href="/wiki/Utaifa" title="Utaifa">utaifa</a>, zilichangia sana ma<a href="/w/index.php?title=Farakano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Farakano (bado haujaandikwa)">farakano</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Kohrvirab.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Kohrvirab.jpg/220px-Kohrvirab.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Kohrvirab.jpg/330px-Kohrvirab.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Kohrvirab.jpg/440px-Kohrvirab.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3504" data-file-height="2334" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Monasteri" title="Monasteri">Monasteri</a> ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khor_Virap&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khor Virap (bado haujaandikwa)">Khor Virap</a> (karne ya 7) ikiwa na <a href="/wiki/Mlima_Ararat" class="mw-redirect" title="Mlima Ararat">Mlima Ararat</a> nyuma yake, Armenia.<sup id="cite_ref-Armenia_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Armenia-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Maendeleo mengine muhimu yalipatikana katika <a href="/wiki/Maisha_ya_Kiroho" class="mw-redirect" title="Maisha ya Kiroho">maisha ya Kiroho</a> kwa uanzishaji wa <a href="/wiki/Umonaki" class="mw-redirect" title="Umonaki">umonaki</a> wa Kikristo, kwanza katika majangwa ya <a href="/wiki/Misri" title="Misri">Misri</a>, halafu sehemu nyingine zote. <a href="/wiki/Juhudi" title="Juhudi">Juhudi</a> za watu hao zilichochea waumini wenzao pia kuwa waaminifu katika <a href="/wiki/Ulimwengu" title="Ulimwengu">ulimwengu</a> uliozidi kuwashawishi badala ya kuwatesa. </p><p>Ni kwamba kufikia mwisho wa <a href="/wiki/Karne_ya_4" title="Karne ya 4">karne ya 4</a> Ukristo ulikuwa <a href="/wiki/Dini_rasmi" title="Dini rasmi">dini rasmi</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Dola_la_Roma" title="Dola la Roma">Dola la Roma</a> ambalo kabla ya hapo kwa miaka karibu 250 (<a href="/wiki/64" title="64">64</a>-<a href="/wiki/313" title="313">313</a>) lilikuwa limeukataza kikatili. Kabla yake <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> ilikuwa nchi ya kwanza kupokea Ukristo kama <a href="/wiki/Dini_ya_taifa" class="mw-redirect" title="Dini ya taifa">dini ya taifa</a> (<a href="/wiki/301" title="301">301</a>). <a href="/wiki/Ushindi" title="Ushindi">Ushindi</a> huo ulifanya wengi watamani vyeo ndani ya Kanisa, kwa kuwa viliendana sasa na heshima na <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">mali</a>: hivyo ubora ulipungua. </p><p>Dola la Roma Magharibi lilipozidi kudhoofiwa na uvamizi wa <a href="/wiki/Wagermanik" title="Wagermanik">Wagermanik</a> na makabila mengine yasiyostaarabika, askofu wa Roma kama mchungaji mkuu alilazimika kuwajibika ili kuokoa jahazi. Ndivyo walivyofanya hasa <a href="/wiki/Papa_Leo_I" title="Papa Leo I">Papa Leo I</a> na <a href="/wiki/Papa_Gregori_I" title="Papa Gregori I">Papa Gregori I</a>. Kwa juhudi za wamonaki <a href="/wiki/Wabenedikto" title="Wabenedikto">Wabenedikto</a> na wengineo, ustaarabu wa kale uliokolewa katika vitabu vyake na <a href="/wiki/Uinjilishaji" title="Uinjilishaji">uinjilishaji</a> uliendelea katika Ulaya ya Kati. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Collage-Christian-culture.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Collage-Christian-culture.jpg/280px-Collage-Christian-culture.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Collage-Christian-culture.jpg/420px-Collage-Christian-culture.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Collage-Christian-culture.jpg/560px-Collage-Christian-culture.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1123" data-file-height="1193" /></a><figcaption>Picha kadhaa zikionyesha Wakristo maarufu na athari ya Ukristo katika utamaduni.</figcaption></figure> <p>Kumbe, uenezi wa <a href="/wiki/Uislamu" title="Uislamu">Uislamu</a> kuanzia <a href="/wiki/Karne_ya_7" title="Karne ya 7">karne ya 7</a> ulidhoofisha na pengine kukomesha kabisa Ukristo katika nchi nyingi, ukirudisha nyuma ustawi wa Kanisa lote. Hata hivyo, mwanzoni mwa karne ya 8, Uislamu ulizuiwa na <a href="/wiki/Wafaranki" title="Wafaranki">Wafaranki</a> kuenea zaidi Ulaya bara. Kabila hilo kubwa la Kigermanik liliwahi kujiunga na Kanisa Katoliki likawa msaada mkubwa kwa Mapapa. Isipokuwa kwa kuwaachia watawale <a href="/wiki/Italia_ya_Kati" title="Italia ya Kati">Italia ya Kati</a>, walisababisha Papa aanze kuwa kama mfalme wa dunia hii, jambo lililoathiri sana majukumu yake ya kiroho hadi mwaka <a href="/wiki/1870" title="1870">1870</a>. </p><p>Katika <a href="/wiki/Karne_za_Kati" class="mw-redirect" title="Karne za Kati">Karne za Kati</a> Ulaya yote ilikwisha kuwa ya Kikristo. Kutoka huko ulienea, pamoja na <a href="/wiki/Ustaarabu_wa_magharibi" title="Ustaarabu wa magharibi">ustaarabu wa magharibi</a> ulioathiriwa sana na Ukristo, katika <a href="/wiki/Amerika" title="Amerika">Amerika</a> yote na sehemu nyingine za dunia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mafarakano_makuu_kati_ya_Wakristo">Mafarakano makuu kati ya Wakristo</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Christianity_major_branches.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Christianity_major_branches.svg/330px-Christianity_major_branches.svg.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Christianity_major_branches.svg/495px-Christianity_major_branches.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Christianity_major_branches.svg/660px-Christianity_major_branches.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="644" data-file-height="200" /></a><figcaption>Matawi ya Ukristo yalivyotokea katika <a href="/wiki/Historia_ya_Kanisa" title="Historia ya Kanisa">historia ya Kanisa</a>. Upande wa juu ndio Kanisa la Magharibi, upande wa chini Makanisa ya Mashariki. Unene wa mistari haulingani na ukubwa wa madhehebu husika.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Taiz%C3%A9_prayer.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Taiz%C3%A9_prayer.JPG/220px-Taiz%C3%A9_prayer.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Taiz%C3%A9_prayer.JPG/330px-Taiz%C3%A9_prayer.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Taiz%C3%A9_prayer.JPG/440px-Taiz%C3%A9_prayer.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Ibada ya pamoja katika <a href="/wiki/Monasteri" title="Monasteri">monasteri</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Ekumeni" title="Ekumeni">kiekumeni</a> <a href="/wiki/Taiz%C3%A9" title="Taizé">Taizé</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ufaransa" title="Ufaransa">Ufaransa</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Katika historia ndefu ya Ukristo, yalitokea mafarakano mengi, waamini wa Yesu wakizidi kutofautiana. Makundi makubwa zaidi ni: <a href="/wiki/Kanisa_Katoliki" title="Kanisa Katoliki">Kanisa Katoliki</a>, Makanisa ya <a href="/wiki/Waorthodoksi" title="Waorthodoksi">Waorthodoksi</a> na ya <a href="/wiki/Waorthodoksi_wa_Mashariki" title="Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki">Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki</a> na <a href="/wiki/Madhehebu" title="Madhehebu">madhehebu</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Uprotestanti" title="Uprotestanti">Uprotestanti</a>. Hasa tangu mwaka <a href="/wiki/1910" title="1910">1910</a> madhehebu mengi yanashiriki juhudi za <a href="/wiki/Ekumeni" title="Ekumeni">ekumeni</a> kwa ajili ya kurudisha umoja wa awali. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wakatoliki">Wakatoliki</h3></div> <p>Zaidi ya nusu ya Wakristo wote wanashikamana katika <a href="/wiki/Imani" title="Imani">imani</a> na <a href="/wiki/Sakramenti" title="Sakramenti">sakramenti</a> chini ya ma<a href="/wiki/Askofu" title="Askofu">askofu</a> wenye <a href="/wiki/Ushirika_kamili" title="Ushirika kamili">ushirika kamili</a> na yule wa <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a>, ambaye kwa kawaida anaitwa <a href="/wiki/Papa" title="Papa">Papa</a>. </p><p>Kati yao <a href="/wiki/Umoja" title="Umoja">umoja</a> unazingatiwa sana kama sifa ya kwanza ya Kanisa inayotambulisha wanafunzi wa Yesu. </p><p>Neno "Katoliki" tunaendelea kulitumia zaidi kwa maana ya madhehebu maalumu yenye wafuasi wengi duniani. Kiteolojia linamaanisha "Kanisa lililopo popote, lililo moja tu kila mahali na kila wakati". Kwa maana hiyo kila Mkristo yumo katika Ukatoliki, kwani mbele ya Kristo Kanisa ni moja tu, kila mahali duniani. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Waanglikana" title="Waanglikana">Waanglikana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walutheri" title="Walutheri">Walutheri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wamoravia" class="mw-redirect" title="Wamoravia">Wamoravia</a> na wengineo huamini kabisa kwamba wenyewe ni sehemu ya Kanisa lile moja la Bwana Yesu lililopo mahali popote. </p><p>Upande mwingine, hata Kanisa “Katoliki" linaloongozwa na Askofu (Papa) wa Roma ni la "Kiinjili" kwani linakubali na kutangaza Injili (= “habari njema”) ya Yesu Kristo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Waorthodoksi_na_Waorthodoksi_wa_Mashariki">Waorthodoksi na Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Moscow_July_2011-7a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Moscow_July_2011-7a.jpg/220px-Moscow_July_2011-7a.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Moscow_July_2011-7a.jpg/330px-Moscow_July_2011-7a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Moscow_July_2011-7a.jpg/440px-Moscow_July_2011-7a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4940" data-file-height="4516" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kanisa_kuu" title="Kanisa kuu">Kanisa kuu</a> la Kristo <a href="/wiki/Mwokozi" title="Mwokozi">Mwokozi</a> huko <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> ni refu kuliko yote ya <a href="/wiki/Waorthodoksi" title="Waorthodoksi">Waorthodoksi</a> duniani.</figcaption></figure> <p>Wakristo wengi walioishi upande wa mashariki wa <a href="/wiki/Dola_la_Kirumi" class="mw-redirect" title="Dola la Kirumi">Dola la Kirumi</a> na <a href="/wiki/Ng%27ambo" class="mw-disambig" title="Ng'ambo">ng'ambo</a> ya mipaka yake ya mashariki walitengana na Wakatoliki hasa katika <a href="/wiki/Karne_V" class="mw-redirect" title="Karne V">karne V</a> (<a href="/wiki/Waorthodoksi_wa_Mashariki" title="Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki">Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki</a>) na <a href="/wiki/Karne_XI" class="mw-redirect" title="Karne XI">karne XI</a> (Waorthodoksi). </p><p>Hata hivyo msimamo wao wa imani si tofauti sana, kwa kuwa wanachanga <a href="/wiki/Mapokeo" title="Mapokeo">mapokeo</a> ya awali ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanisa_la_Mitume&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanisa la Mitume (bado haujaandikwa)">Kanisa la Mitume</a> na la <a href="/wiki/Babu_wa_Kanisa" title="Babu wa Kanisa">Mababu</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Waprotestanti">Waprotestanti</h3></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utitiri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utitiri (bado haujaandikwa)">Utitiri</a> wa madhehebu ya <a href="/wiki/Waprotestanti" class="mw-redirect" title="Waprotestanti">Waprotestanti</a> ndio wenye tofauti kubwa zaidi kati yao wenyewe na kati yao na Wakristo waliotajwa kwanza. </p><p>Hiyo ilitokana na msimamo wa msingi wa <a href="/wiki/Urekebisho_wa_Kiprotestanti" class="mw-redirect" title="Urekebisho wa Kiprotestanti">urekebisho wa Kiprotestanti</a> wa kutaka kila mmoja aweze kutafsiri <a href="/wiki/Biblia" class="mw-disambig" title="Biblia">Biblia</a> alivyoielewa, bila kutegemea mapokeo wala <a href="/wiki/Mamlaka" title="Mamlaka">mamlaka</a> rasmi ya Kanisa, ila msaada wa Roho Mtakatifu. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Umoja" title="Umoja">Umoja</a> halisi wa Kanisa unaweza kupatikana tu katika ukweli wa Injili ya Yesu Kristo. Ni habari mbaya kwamba katika <a href="/wiki/Karne_ya_16" title="Karne ya 16">karne ya 16</a> kuupigania <a href="/wiki/Ukweli" title="Ukweli">ukweli</a> huo kulivunja umoja wa <a href="/wiki/Ukristo_wa_magharibi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukristo wa magharibi">Ukristo wa magharibi</a>. Haiwezekani kushangilia mafarakano ya wafuasi wa Yesu. </p><p>Yale ya karne hiyo yalitokana na kuelewa tofauti kweli za imani ya Kikristo na yalikuwa na ukali kwa sababu pande zote zilisadiki kwamba kushikilia kwa usahihi <a href="/wiki/Ufunuo" title="Ufunuo">ufunuo</a> wa Mungu ni suala la <a href="/wiki/Wokovu" title="Wokovu">wokovu</a> wa milele. Kwa mfano, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a> aliandika,«Sikubali mafundisho yangu yahukumiwe na yeyote, hata kama ni malaika. Asiyekubali mafundisho yangu hawezi kufikia wokovu».<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pamoja na hayo, mambo mengi yalichangia farakano, si <a href="/wiki/Teolojia" title="Teolojia">teolojia</a> tu, bali <a href="/wiki/Siasa" title="Siasa">siasa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uchumi" title="Uchumi">uchumi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jamii" title="Jamii">jamii</a> na <a href="/wiki/Utamaduni" title="Utamaduni">utamaduni</a>. Wakati huo mara nyingi <a href="/wiki/Hoja" title="Hoja">hoja</a> za imani na malengo ya kisiasa vilichanganyikana: wanasiasa wengi walitumia hoja hizo ili kufikia malengo ya kiutawala, na vilevile <a href="/wiki/Wanateolojia" class="mw-redirect" title="Wanateolojia">wanateolojia</a> walitumia siasa kutetea mafundisho yao ili kuvuta watu. Ndiyo sababu Luther alichorwa kama <a href="/wiki/Shujaa" title="Shujaa">shujaa</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Taifa" title="Taifa">taifa</a> la <a href="/wiki/Ujerumani" title="Ujerumani">Ujerumani</a>. </p><p>Mara nyingi pande zote zilipotosha maana ya wapinzani na kuwachora vibaya wakivunja amri ya nane inayokataza <a href="/wiki/Uongo" title="Uongo">uongo</a> dhidi ya jirani. Hata waliojitahidi kusema ukweli tu juu ya wengine kwa kawaida hawakujitahidi vya kutosha kuelewa msimamo wao na kuona kwamba pengine si mbaya zaidi. Kila mmoja alitaka <a href="/wiki/Ushindi" title="Ushindi">ushindi</a> akachangia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ugomvi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ugomvi (bado haujaandikwa)">ugomvi</a> uliorithishwa kwa vizazi vilivyofuata. </p><p>Hivyo, kilichosababisha zaidi farakano si masuala ya imani yaliyojadiliwa na Waprotestanti, bali <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lawama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lawama (bado haujaandikwa)">lawama</a> zao dhidi ya hali mbaya ya Kanisa la wakati huo iliyokuwa inakera wengi na kuwaelekeza kuunga mkono <a href="/wiki/Urekebisho" class="mw-disambig" title="Urekebisho">urekebisho</a>. </p><p>Hapo kale neno hilo (kwa Kilatini reformatio) lilihusu badiliko la hali mbaya iliyopo ili kurudia hali nzuri zaidi ya awali. Katika <a href="/wiki/Karne_za_Kati" class="mw-redirect" title="Karne za Kati">Karne za Kati</a> lilitumika mara nyingi kwa marekebisho ya <a href="/wiki/Umonaki" class="mw-redirect" title="Umonaki">umonaki</a>. Katika <a href="/wiki/Karne_ya_15" title="Karne ya 15">karne ya 15</a> haja ya urekebisho ilionekana wazi si tu kwa mashirika ya kitawa bali kwa Kanisa lote. Hasa <a href="/wiki/Mtaguso_wa_Konstanz" title="Mtaguso wa Konstanz">Mtaguso wa Konstanz</a> (<a href="/wiki/1414" title="1414">1414</a>-<a href="/wiki/1418" title="1418">1418</a>) ulidai kabisa ufanyike «katika <a href="/wiki/Kichwa" title="Kichwa">kichwa</a> na katika <a href="/wiki/Viungo" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Viungo">viungo</a>». Lakini kwa jumla mitaguso yote ya Karne za Kati na mikutano mingi ya <a href="/wiki/Bunge" title="Bunge">Bunge</a> la <a href="/wiki/Dola_la_Ujerumani" title="Dola la Ujerumani">Dola la Ujerumani</a> ililenga urekebisho wa Kanisa. </p><p>Kwa kweli Karne za Kati zilikuwa na mchanganyiko wa mambo yaliyopingana: <a href="/wiki/Ibada" title="Ibada">ibada</a> za nje tu na za dhati kabisa; <a href="/wiki/Teolojia" title="Teolojia">teolojia</a> iliyoelekeza kutenda kwa msingi wa nipe nikupe na hakika ya kwamba <a href="/wiki/Binadamu" title="Binadamu">binadamu</a> anategemea kabisa <a href="/wiki/Neema" title="Neema">neema</a> ya Mungu; kutojali <a href="/wiki/Wajibu" title="Wajibu">wajibu</a> hata upande wa viongozi wa Kanisa na marekebisho safi ya mashirika ya kitawa. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Karne_ya_15" title="Karne ya 15">Karne ya 15</a> ilikuwa kipindi cha <a href="/w/index.php?title=Umotomoto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Umotomoto (bado haujaandikwa)">umotomoto</a> wa pekee katika Kanisa, ambapo <a href="/wiki/Walei" class="mw-redirect" title="Walei">walei</a> wengi zaidi na zaidi walipata elimu nzuri, hivyo walitamani <a href="/wiki/Hotuba" title="Hotuba">hotuba</a> bora na mafundisho ya kuwasaidia kuishi Kikristo zaidi. Luther aliitikia haja hizo zilizomgusa sana kama mtu wa wakati wake. </p><p>Luther alitumia kwa nadra neno urekebisho, lakini likaja kuwa jina la kawaida la matukio yale mengi ya miaka <a href="/wiki/1517" title="1517">1517</a> - <a href="/wiki/1555" title="1555">1555</a>, yaani kuanzia uenezi wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hoja_95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hoja 95 (bado haujaandikwa)">hoja 95</a> za Martin Luther hadi <a href="/wiki/Amani_ya_Augsburg" title="Amani ya Augsburg">amani ya Augsburg</a>. Kati yake chanzo, yaani mabishano ya Kikanisa yaliyosababishwa na teolojia ya Luther, yalichanganyikana mapema na siasa, uchumi na utamaduni, kutokana na hali halisi ya wakati huo, mbali kuliko mwenyewe alivyofikiri. </p><p>Viongozi mbalimbali wakaiga mfano wa Luther, ila juhudi zao zikatofautiana: ndio mwanzo wa madhehebu mengine yanayoitwa ya "Kiinjili". Jina hilo linataka kusisitiza kwamba yanasimama kwenye msingi wa Injili tu, kinyume cha Kanisa Katoliki lililoona mapokeo yake kuwa na umuhimu pamoja na Biblia. </p><p>Kumbe wafuasi wa Luther na wengineo waliitwa na Wakatoliki "Waprotestanti", maana yake "wapinzani" (to protest = kupinga): neno hilo lilianza kutumika tangu wafuasi wa Luther walipopinga azimio la bunge lililotaka Wajerumani wote warudi chini ya Papa wa Roma. </p><p>Tangu mwaka <a href="/wiki/1907" title="1907">1907</a> tapo la <a href="/wiki/Wapentekoste" title="Wapentekoste">Wapentekoste</a> limeenea duniani kote (linakadiriwa kuwa na waumini milioni karibu 300) na kuathiri hata madhehebu yote ya zamani (ambapo mara nyingi waumini wa aina hiyo wanaitwa "<a href="/wiki/Wakarismatiki" title="Wakarismatiki">Wakarismatiki</a>"). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kanisa_leo">Kanisa leo</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1112916/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:left;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption-center{text-align:center;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:354px;max-width:354px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:352px;max-width:352px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Christian_world_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Christian_world_map.png/350px-Christian_world_map.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Christian_world_map.png/525px-Christian_world_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Christian_world_map.png/700px-Christian_world_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1420" data-file-height="616" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Nchi ambapo Wakristo ni 50% au zaidi zimechorwa rangi ya zambarau, na zile ambapo ni kati ya 10 na 50% zina rangi ya waridi</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:352px;max-width:352px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Map_of_state_religions.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Map_of_state_religions.svg/350px-Map_of_state_religions.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Map_of_state_religions.svg/525px-Map_of_state_religions.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Map_of_state_religions.svg/700px-Map_of_state_religions.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="263" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Nchi ambapo Ukristo ni <a href="/wiki/Dini_rasmi" title="Dini rasmi">dini rasmi</a>: <p><span style="margin:0px; padding-bottom:1px; font-size:90%; display:block;"><span style="border:#0774F1 solid 1px; background-color:#0774F1; color:#0774F1;">    </span> Ukristo wa Kiorthodoksi</span> <span style="margin:0px; padding-bottom:1px; font-size:90%; display:block;"><span style="border:#062A87 solid 1px; background-color:#062A87; color:#062A87;">    </span> Ukristo wa Kiprotestanti (pamoja na Anglikana)</span> </p> <span style="margin:0px; padding-bottom:1px; font-size:90%; display:block;"><span style="border:#04E3F1 solid 1px; background-color:#04E3F1; color:#04E3F1;">    </span> Ukristo wa Kikatoliki</span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:352px;max-width:352px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Percent_of_Christians_by_Country%E2%80%93Pew_Research_2011.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Percent_of_Christians_by_Country%E2%80%93Pew_Research_2011.svg/350px-Percent_of_Christians_by_Country%E2%80%93Pew_Research_2011.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Percent_of_Christians_by_Country%E2%80%93Pew_Research_2011.svg/525px-Percent_of_Christians_by_Country%E2%80%93Pew_Research_2011.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Percent_of_Christians_by_Country%E2%80%93Pew_Research_2011.svg/700px-Percent_of_Christians_by_Country%E2%80%93Pew_Research_2011.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="261" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Uwepo wa Wakristo duniani: Rangi nzito inaonyesha asilimia kubwa zaidi ya Wakristo<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div></div></div></div> <p>Kwa miaka 100 ya mwisho asilimia za Wakristo kati ya watu wote zimebaki 33, yaani mmoja kwa watatu, lakini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uwiano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uwiano (bado haujaandikwa)">uwiano</a> kati ya <a href="/wiki/Bara" title="Bara">mabara</a> umebadilika sana, kwa maana katika Afrika, Asia na <a href="/wiki/Nchi_zinazoendelea" class="mw-redirect" title="Nchi zinazoendelea">nchi nyingine zinazoendelea</a> Wakristo wameongezeka, kumbe Ulaya na <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Kaskazini" class="mw-redirect" title="Amerika Kaskazini">Amerika Kaskazini</a> wamepungua<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pew_Research_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pew Research Center (bado haujaandikwa)">Pew Research Center</a> inakadiria kwamba mwaka <a href="/wiki/2050" title="2050">2050</a>, watazidi <a href="/wiki/Bilioni" title="Bilioni">bilioni</a> <a href="/wiki/Tatu" title="Tatu">tatu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PewProjections_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PewProjections-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Wakati huo Wakatoliki na Waprotestanti huenda wakalingana kwa idadi<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Kuhusu maeneo ambako Wakristo wanapungua, ni kwamba, kutokana na <a href="/wiki/Historia_ya_Kanisa" title="Historia ya Kanisa">historia ya Kanisa</a> kuwa na mchanganyiko wa mazuri na mabaya, wengine wanahisi kuwa halina maana tena. Pia kuna makundi kama <a href="/wiki/Wakomunisti" class="mw-redirect" title="Wakomunisti">Wakomunisti</a> na <a href="/wiki/Wamasoni" title="Wamasoni">Wamasoni</a> ambayo yanakusudia kabisa kufuta Ukristo kwa kutangaza kasoro za waumini na viongozi wao, pamoja na kuhimiza watu kwenda kinyume cha <a href="/wiki/Maadili" title="Maadili">maadili</a>. </p><p>Hali hii inajionyesha hasa pale ambapo waamini wengi, hasa Ulaya, wameacha kwenda kanisani isipokuwa siku ya <a href="/wiki/Krismasi" title="Krismasi">Krismasi</a> na <a href="/wiki/Pasaka" title="Pasaka">Pasaka</a> au kwenye <a href="/wiki/Harusi" title="Harusi">harusi</a> na misiba. </p><p>Pia kutokana na mgawanyiko wa madhehebu, kumekuwa na mkanganyiko kuhusu kazi ambazo zinalipasa Kanisa la leo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sala_na_ibada">Sala na ibada</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Mass,_St_Mary%27s_Basilica_Bangalore.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Mass%2C_St_Mary%27s_Basilica_Bangalore.jpg/170px-Mass%2C_St_Mary%27s_Basilica_Bangalore.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Mass%2C_St_Mary%27s_Basilica_Bangalore.jpg/255px-Mass%2C_St_Mary%27s_Basilica_Bangalore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Mass%2C_St_Mary%27s_Basilica_Bangalore.jpg/340px-Mass%2C_St_Mary%27s_Basilica_Bangalore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2365" /></a><figcaption>Padri akiadhimisha <a href="/wiki/Misa" title="Misa">Misa</a> katika <a href="/wiki/Basilika" title="Basilika">Basilika</a> la <a href="/wiki/Bikira_Maria" title="Bikira Maria">Bikira Maria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangalore" title="Bangalore">Bangalore</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" class="mw-redirect" title="India">India</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Mafundisho ya Yesu kuhusu <a href="/wiki/Sala" title="Sala">sala</a> hayatii maanani taratibu maalumu. Badala yake yeye alisisitiza msimamo wa ndani wa kumuendea Mungu kwa imani na <a href="/wiki/Unyofu" title="Unyofu">unyofu</a> kama vitoto wanavyohusiana na baba zao. Ndivyo mwenyewe alivyosali katika Roho Mtakatifu aliyewaahidia wafuasi atawaongoza badala yake. </p><p>Kwa msingi huo, katika historia ya Kanisa namna nyingi za kusali zimetokea kwa <a href="/wiki/Maisha_ya_Kiroho" class="mw-redirect" title="Maisha ya Kiroho">maisha ya Kiroho</a> ya Mkristo binafsi na kwa jumuia nzima pamoja. Kwa kawaida, taratibu za kuendesha ibada zinaitwa <a href="/wiki/Liturujia" class="mw-redirect" title="Liturujia">liturujia</a> (kutoka maneno ya Kigiriki yenye maana ya “kazi ya hadhara”). </p><p>Wakatoliki, Waorthodoksi, Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki, <a href="/wiki/Waanglikana" title="Waanglikana">Waanglikana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wamethodisti" title="Wamethodisti">Wamethodisti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walutheri" title="Walutheri">Walutheri</a> na wengineo wanafuatilia desturi kama walivyozipokea. Mtiririko wa <a href="/wiki/Ibada" title="Ibada">ibada</a> zao huandikwa na hujulikana kama <a href="/wiki/Liturujia" class="mw-redirect" title="Liturujia">Liturujia</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Worship-team.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Worship-team.jpg/220px-Worship-team.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Worship-team.jpg/330px-Worship-team.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Worship-team.jpg/440px-Worship-team.jpg 2x" data-file-width="965" data-file-height="612" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bendi" title="Bendi">Bendi</a> ya Kiprotestanti ikiongoza ibada inayofanana na tamasha.</figcaption></figure> <p>Madhehebu mengine, hasa yale ya <a href="/wiki/Wapentekoste" title="Wapentekoste">Kipentekoste</a>, huwa na ibada ambazo hazijaandikwa kitabuni: kiongozi wa ibada wa siku hiyo huja na madondoo yake na mtiririko wa ibada huenda kama "Roho" atakavyoongoza siku hiyo. Kwa sababu hiyo husema kwamba hawafuati desturi au mapokeo. </p><p>Ukiangalia zaidi utaona kuwa ibada zao pia huwa na mtindo na mtiririko fulani, kama vile kuimba mapambio ya harakaharaka wakiwa wanapiga makofi, kucheza na kurukaruka. Mapambio hayo hufuatiliwa na mengine ya taratibu wakiinua mikono <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuabudu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuabudu (bado haujaandikwa)">kuabudu</a>. Inawezekana kusema hao nao wana utaratibu au liturujia yao ingawa haijaandikwa kwenye vitabu. </p><p>Wakristo wanahesabu ufufuko wa Yesu kuwa msingi mkuu wa imani yao (1Kor 15:14): ndiyo sababu karibu wote wanaabudu hasa <a href="/wiki/Jumapili" title="Jumapili">Jumapili</a>, ambayo ndiyo siku ya tukio hilo kuu la <a href="/wiki/Historia" title="Historia">historia</a> yote. Ila <a href="/wiki/Asilimia" title="Asilimia">asilimia</a> 1 inashika <a href="/wiki/Sabato" title="Sabato">Sabato</a>, iliyo siku ya wiki ambapo Wayahudi hupumzika na kuabudu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Haki_na_amani">Haki na amani</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:MotherTeresa_090.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/MotherTeresa_090.jpg/170px-MotherTeresa_090.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/MotherTeresa_090.jpg/255px-MotherTeresa_090.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/MotherTeresa_090.jpg/340px-MotherTeresa_090.jpg 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mama_Teresa" title="Mama Teresa">Mama Teresa</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Kolkata</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Upande mwingine wanakanisa wanajaribu kuonyesha jitihada zao katika jamii, ikiwa ni pamoja na kuleta <a href="/wiki/Amani" title="Amani">amani</a> na <a href="/wiki/Maendeleo" title="Maendeleo">maendeleo</a> na kutoa misaada ya kijamii. Kuna uwezekano kwa madhehebu kadhaa kubadilisha mkazo wao kuutoa kwenye imani tu na kuuweka kwenye huduma za jamii au elimu: hii inafanya yaonekane kama moja ya mashirika ya hisani. </p><p>Katika nchi nyingi Kanisa limekuwa nguvu ya kutetea <a href="/wiki/Haki_za_binadamu" title="Haki za binadamu">haki za binadamu</a>. Tumesikia habari za <a href="/wiki/Desmond_Tutu" title="Desmond Tutu">Desmond Tutu</a> kule <a href="/wiki/Afrika_Kusini" title="Afrika Kusini">Afrika Kusini</a> au za <a href="/wiki/Janani_Luwum" title="Janani Luwum">Janani Luwum</a> katika <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a>, jinsi walivyojaribu kutetea haki za wananchi dhidi ya utawala mbaya. Ikiwa Wakristo wanajisikia wito wa kusimama na kusema mbele ya wakubwa hukumbuka manabii wa <a href="/wiki/Agano_la_Kale" title="Agano la Kale">Agano la Kale</a> hadi <a href="/wiki/Yohane_Mbatizaji" title="Yohane Mbatizaji">Yohane Mbatizaji</a>. Wanakumbuka pia Wakristo wengi katika historia walioweza kusimama mbele ya wafalme na kutetea haki za watu. Labda tunamkumbuka Askofu <a href="/wiki/Ambrosi" title="Ambrosi">Ambrosi</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Milano" title="Milano">Milano</a> (aliyemvuta kijana <a href="/wiki/Agostino_wa_Hippo" title="Agostino wa Hippo">Agostino</a> kuwa Mkristo) alivyomtenga <a href="/wiki/Kaisari" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaisari">Kaisari</a> na Kanisa kwa sababu ya <a href="/wiki/Uuaji" title="Uuaji">uuaji</a> wa wananchi wengi wasio na kosa uliofanywa na wanajeshi wa serikali. Msingi wake ni katika mafundisho juu ya kazi ya uumbaji. Mbele ya Mungu tuko sawa: kuna msingi gani kuona wengine ni sawa zaidi? </p><p>Lakini si Wakristo wote wanakubali na kufurahia msimamo wa aina hiyo. Wengine huona imani ya Kikristo haihusiki na taratibu za dunia hii au huona ni wajibu wa Mkristo kutii serikali yoyote wakikumbuka maneno ya Mtume Paulo katika <a href="/wiki/Rum" class="mw-redirect" title="Rum">Rum</a> 13. Pamoja na hayo katika Ukristo yapo mapokeo ya kutoshindana na wenye <a href="/wiki/Mamlaka" title="Mamlaka">mamlaka</a> bali kuwavumilia katika yote. Labda huona hofu ya kuwa dini inaingizwa mno katika <a href="/wiki/Siasa" title="Siasa">siasa</a>. </p><p>Binadamu wa <a href="/wiki/Karne_ya_21" title="Karne ya 21">karne ya 21</a> wanahitaji jibu litakalosaidia kuwakwamua kutoka matatizo yao. Wenye dini mbalimbali, hususan Wakristo, wanadai kujua ufumbuzi wa matatizo makuu ya binadamu, ingawa wachache tu wameweza kuonyesha dhahiri matatizo yaliyotatuliwa kabisa kwa dini. Wakati mwingine wanadini wenyewe wamekuwa chanzo cha matatizo badala ya kuyatatua. </p><p>Jibu linaweza kupatikana katika maneno ya Yesu mwenyewe, aliposema kwamba wafuasi wake ni chumvi ya dunia, ambayo ilete ladha katika maisha ya watu, lakini kama chumvi hiyo inapoteza ladha yake, haifai kitu, isipokuwa kutupwa na kukanyagwa kwa dharau. Hivyo changamoto ya Wakristo ni kufuata vema mafundisho ya imani yao ili kukidhi hitaji la nyakati hizi la kuishi kwa amani, furaha na upendo duniani kote . </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uhusiano_na_dini_nyingine">Uhusiano na dini nyingine</h2></div> <p>Ukristo na dini nyingine zinahusiana kwa kiasi tofauti, kadiri ya <a href="/wiki/Mazingira" title="Mazingira">mazingira</a> asili, <a href="/wiki/Historia" title="Historia">historia</a>, mafundisho kuhusu <a href="/wiki/Imani" title="Imani">imani</a> na <a href="/wiki/Maadili" title="Maadili">maadili</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Desturi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Desturi (bado haujaandikwa)">desturi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ibada" title="Ibada">ibada</a> n.k. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ukristo_na_Uyahudi">Ukristo na Uyahudi</h3></div> <p>Ni wazi kuwa <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ukristo</a> unahusiana zaidi na <a href="/wiki/Dini" title="Dini">dini</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Uyahudi" title="Uyahudi">Uyahudi</a>, kwa sababu unatokana nayo na kutumia vitabu vyake vitakatifu (<a href="/wiki/Tanakh" title="Tanakh">Tanakh</a> na pengine <a href="/wiki/Deuterokanoni" title="Deuterokanoni">Deuterokanoni</a> pia). Haiwezekani kumuelewa <a href="/wiki/Yesu" title="Yesu">Yesu</a> kwa kumweka nje ya mazingira ya Kiyahudi. </p><p>Dini hizo mbili zilitengana moja kwa moja miaka 50 hivi baada ya Yesu kuaga dunia. Ni kwamba Wayahudi wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shule_ya_Jabneh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shule ya Jabneh (bado haujaandikwa)">shule ya Jabneh</a> (mwaka <a href="/wiki/80" title="80">80</a> hivi <a href="/wiki/B.K." class="mw-redirect" title="B.K.">B.K.</a>) waliamua kuwatenga kama <a href="/wiki/Wazushi" class="mw-redirect" title="Wazushi">wazushi</a> wananchi wenzao waliomuamini <a href="/wiki/Yesu_Kristo" class="mw-redirect" title="Yesu Kristo">Yesu Kristo</a>, hasa baada ya kuona hawakusaidia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vita_vya_ukombozi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vita vya ukombozi (bado haujaandikwa)">vita vya ukombozi</a> dhidi ya <a href="/wiki/Wakoloni" class="mw-redirect" title="Wakoloni">wakoloni</a> <a href="/wiki/Warumi" class="mw-disambig" title="Warumi">Warumi</a> vilivyosababisha maangamizi ya <a href="/wiki/Hekalu_la_pili" class="mw-redirect" title="Hekalu la pili">Hekalu la pili</a> na <a href="/wiki/Mji" title="Mji">mji</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Yerusalemu" title="Yerusalemu">Yerusalemu</a> mwaka <a href="/wiki/70" title="70">70</a> B.K. </p><p>Tangu hapo Wakristo hawakushiriki tena ibada pamoja na Wayahudi, wakazidi kuzingatia <a href="/wiki/Sakramenti" title="Sakramenti">sakramenti</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Ekaristi" title="Ekaristi">Kumega Mkate</a> katika <a href="/wiki/Siku_ya_Bwana" title="Siku ya Bwana">Siku ya Bwana</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jumapili" title="Jumapili">Jumapili</a>, siku inaposadikika Yesu alifufuka) badala ya <a href="/wiki/Sabato" title="Sabato">Sabato</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jumamosi" title="Jumamosi">Jumamosi</a>, siku ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pumziko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pumziko (bado haujaandikwa)">pumziko</a> ya Wayahudi). Kabla ya hapo <a href="/wiki/Wakristo_wa_Kiyahudi" title="Wakristo wa Kiyahudi">Wakristo wa Kiyahudi</a> walikuwa wanashika siku zote mbili. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ukristo_na_Ubuddha">Ukristo na Ubuddha</h3></div> <p>Hakuna uhusiano wa kihistoria kati ya Yesu na <a href="/wiki/Ubuddha" title="Ubuddha">Ubuddha</a>. Hata hivyo mambo kadhaa yanafanana. </p><p>Yesu alifundisha kuhusu <a href="/wiki/Nidhamu" title="Nidhamu">nidhamu</a> mbili zinazompelekea mtu kuwa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mwadilifu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mwadilifu (bado haujaandikwa)">mwadilifu</a> na hatimaye kuurithi <a href="/wiki/Utukufu" title="Utukufu">utukufu</a> wa kiroho ambao <a href="/wiki/Karama" title="Karama">karama</a> yake ni <a href="/wiki/Uzima_wa_milele" title="Uzima wa milele">uzima wa milele</a>: hizo ni kumpenda <a href="/wiki/Mungu" title="Mungu">Mungu</a> kwa <a href="/wiki/Moyo" title="Moyo">moyo</a> wako wote na kwa <a href="/wiki/Akili" title="Akili">akili</a> yako yote na kwa <a href="/wiki/Nguvu" title="Nguvu">nguvu</a> zako zote, na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jirani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jirani (bado haujaandikwa)">jirani</a> yako kama unavyojipenda mwenyewe. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddha">Buddha</a> alifundisha hali ya kutodhuru <a href="/wiki/Viumbe_hai" class="mw-redirect" title="Viumbe hai">viumbe hai</a> wowote, tena kuwa na <a href="/wiki/Moyo_mkuu" title="Moyo mkuu">moyo mkuu</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Mapenzi" title="Mapenzi">mapenzi</a> kwa vitu vyote. Hii ni miongozo inayolenga mtu atambue <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tabu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tabu (bado haujaandikwa)">tabu</a> anazodumisha yeye mwenyewe, kwa matendo yake na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Upeo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Upeo (bado haujaandikwa)">upeo</a> ulio na mipaka, katika <a href="/wiki/Maisha" title="Maisha">maisha</a> yake ya kila siku. </p><p>Baada ya hili, mafundisho ya <a href="/wiki/Kristo" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristo">Kristo</a> yanatofautiana katika kuchukulia hali hii. Kwa mujibu wa Kristo, <a href="/wiki/Dhambi" title="Dhambi">dhambi</a>, matendo yenye kukosea kanuni za kiroho na hata za ki<a href="/wiki/Maumbile" class="mw-redirect" title="Maumbile">maumbile</a>, hufutwa na <a href="/wiki/Toba" title="Toba">toba</a>; wakati katika mafundisho ya Buddha, makosa yote yanatokana na kutokuwa makini. Hivyo, kwa mujibu wa Buddha, njia pekee ya kumkomboa mtu na shida zake ni kufuata <a href="/wiki/Mwongozo" title="Mwongozo">mwongozo</a> wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguzo_Nane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguzo Nane (bado haujaandikwa)">Nguzo Nane</a> ambazo humweka katika hali ya kuweza kuamka kiroho wakati <a href="/w/index.php?title=Utulivu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utulivu (bado haujaandikwa)">utulivu</a> wa kimwili na wa kiakili unapofikiwa. Haya ndiyo yanayofanya Ubuddha kuwa ni njia inayojali sana nidhamu ya mtu kimatendo, wakati Ukristo hufuata sana moyo wenye kukiri makosa, na kutafuta uadilifu wa kweli wa kiroho. Huu ni <a href="/wiki/Uzuri" title="Uzuri">uzuri</a> wa pekee kutoka kwenye mafundisho ya Yesu: <i>Tubuni</i> kwa kuwa saa ya ukombozi ni sasa... </p><p>Jingine lenye tofauti ni kuwa Kristo hufundisha kuhusu <a href="/wiki/Upendo" title="Upendo">Upendo</a> kwamba ni Mungu, kwa kuwa Upendo una maana kuliko <a href="/wiki/Elimu" title="Elimu">elimu</a> yote ya <a href="/wiki/Binadamu" title="Binadamu">binadamu</a>, nao ndio unaounganisha na kutunza vitu vyote vinavyoonekana na visivyoonekana. Hilo hutambulika kupitia Kristo ambaye hujidhihirisha kwa yule mwenye kumpokea <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roho_wa_Mungu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roho wa Mungu (bado haujaandikwa)">Roho wa Mungu</a>. Upande wa Buddha, hukanusha <a href="/wiki/Nafsi" title="Nafsi">nafsi</a> na pia Mungu, akisema: Ni Buddha mwenye <a href="/wiki/Ufahamu" title="Ufahamu">ufahamu</a> wa milele, tena hana nafsi isipokuwa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Utupu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utupu (bado haujaandikwa)">Utupu</a>; na ni wenye <a href="/wiki/Furaha" title="Furaha">furaha</a> isiyo kifani izidiyo yote yenye kufanyika <a href="/wiki/Ulimwengu" title="Ulimwengu">ulimwenguni</a>, yaani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nirvana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nirvana (bado haujaandikwa)">Nirvana</a>; kila mtu ni Buddha aliyesahau <a href="/wiki/Asili" title="Asili">asili</a> yake ya ndani kabisa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ukristo_na_Uislamu">Ukristo na Uislamu</h3></div> <p>Ukristo na <a href="/wiki/Uislamu" title="Uislamu">Uislamu</a> vinafanana zaidi kwa sababu <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> alifahamu <a href="/wiki/Wayahudi" title="Wayahudi">Wayahudi</a> na Wakristo wengi katika nchi yake na katika <a href="/wiki/Safari" title="Safari">safari</a> zake. Dini hizo tatu zinajulikana kwa kushika imani katika Mungu Pekee, <a href="/wiki/Muumba" title="Muumba">muumba</a> wa vitu vyote, na kwa kumchukua <a href="/wiki/Abrahamu" title="Abrahamu">Abrahamu</a> kama kielelezo cha imani na <a href="/wiki/Rafiki" title="Rafiki">rafiki</a> wa Mungu. </p><p>Mafundisho ya msingi ya Uislamu ni <a href="/wiki/Unyenyekevu" title="Unyenyekevu">unyenyekevu</a> kwa <i>Mola mmoja</i> aitwaye <i><a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah">Allah</a></i> , mwingi wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rehema&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rehema (bado haujaandikwa)">rehema</a> na mwingi wa <a href="/wiki/Fadhila" title="Fadhila">fadhila</a>; <a href="/wiki/Nguzo" title="Nguzo">nguzo</a> ya Uislamu ni kumuabudu. Katika Uislamu, unyenyekevu wa mtu katika kumcha Mola kwa ibada na <a href="/wiki/Swala" title="Swala">swala</a> humpa kukirimika na kuhifadhika kwa Mola wake mwenye fadhila, ambaye atamtunuku <a href="/wiki/Haki" title="Haki">haki</a> yake. Naye mnyenyekevu kwa Mola ataishi kuona utukufu mwingi wa Mola wenye kutajwa katika <a href="/wiki/Kurani" title="Kurani">Kurani</a> kwa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Majina_99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majina 99 (bado haujaandikwa)">majina 99</a> ya Allah. Kati ya <a href="/wiki/Sifa" title="Sifa">sifa</a> na utukufu huo ulio na majina mengi, baadhi yake ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Rahman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Rahman (bado haujaandikwa)">Al Rahman</a> (kwa <a href="/wiki/Kiarabu" title="Kiarabu">Kiarabu</a>, "Mwenye rehema"), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Nur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Nur (bado haujaandikwa)">Al Nur</a> ("Mwenye <a href="/wiki/Nuru" title="Nuru">nuru</a>") n.k. Hayo hufanana na neno la Nuru ya Bwana, rehema na <a href="/wiki/Ukombozi" title="Ukombozi">ukombozi</a> kuwa utukufu wa <a href="/wiki/Mbingu" title="Mbingu">Mbingu</a> katika mwongozo wa Kikristo. </p><p>Pia Uislamu unafundisha <a href="/w/index.php?title=Udugu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Udugu (bado haujaandikwa)">udugu</a> miongoni mwa Waislamu yaani <a href="/wiki/Mzizi" title="Mzizi">mzizi</a> wa neno linalotumika sana katika Kurani: <i>Waly</i> (<i>Wala, Wilayat, Mawla, Awla</i>) katika kueleza jinsi Mwislamu apasavyo kuishi karibu na mwenzake. Nalo husisitiza upendo na kulindana kwa <a href="/wiki/Heri" title="Heri">heri</a> na pia kuepushana na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shari (bado haujaandikwa)">shari</a>. Hilo linafanana na upendo ambao katika Ukristo ndio <a href="/wiki/Adili" title="Adili">adili</a> kuu kuliko yote: </p> <blockquote> <p>Nijaposema kwa <a href="/wiki/Lugha" title="Lugha">lugha</a> za wanadamu na za <a href="/wiki/Malaika" title="Malaika">malaika</a>, kama sina upendo... mimi si kitu kabisa. (<a href="/wiki/1Kor" class="mw-redirect" title="1Kor">1 Wakorintho</a> 13:1-11). </p> </blockquote> <p>Lakini katika Ukristo upendo hauna mipaka wala ma<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sharti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sharti (bado haujaandikwa)">sharti</a>. Unatakiwa kuenea kwa ma<a href="/wiki/Adui" title="Adui">adui</a> pia na kusamehe kila mara kufuatana na mfano wa <a href="/wiki/Baba" title="Baba">Baba</a> wa Mbinguni. </p><p>Mwislamu kadiri ya wingi wa unyenyekevu na <a href="/wiki/Usafi_wa_moyo" title="Usafi wa moyo">usafi wa moyo</a> wake huakisi sifa za Mola wake. Uislamu hufundisha kuhusu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vita_vya_ndani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vita vya ndani (bado haujaandikwa)">vita vya ndani</a> ambavyo muumini hupigana na nafsi yake yenye matamanio ya chini, ambayo huzaa <a href="/wiki/Chuki" title="Chuki">chuki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dhuluma" title="Dhuluma">dhuluma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wivu" title="Wivu">wivu</a> na maovu mengine ili kuishinda kwa utukufu wa Mola na kudumisha dini (mwongozo) yake katika <a href="/wiki/Ngazi" class="mw-disambig" title="Ngazi">ngazi</a> zote za maisha. </p><p>Kabla yake Yesu alihimiza wote wafuate mfano wake wa <a href="/wiki/Upole" title="Upole">upole</a> na unyenyekevu wa moyo, akitoa kielelezo katika <a href="/wiki/Heri_Nane" title="Heri Nane">Heri Nane</a> za <a href="/wiki/Hotuba_ya_mlimani" title="Hotuba ya mlimani">hotuba ya mlimani</a>. Tofauti ya msingi ni kuwa kwa mujibu wa Kristo, ni kwa <a href="/wiki/Neema" title="Neema">neema</a> ya imani katika <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neno_la_Uzima&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neno la Uzima (bado haujaandikwa)">Neno la Uzima</a></i> kwamba mtu hukombolewa kutoka matamanio yake ya kibinadamu, mbali ya kwamba anapaswa kujitahidi asije akapotewa na neema hiyo na kurudia <a href="/wiki/Utumwa" title="Utumwa">utumwa</a> wa dhambi. </p><p>Ni imani ya Wakristo na ya Waislamu kwamba <a href="/wiki/Ujio_wa_pili" title="Ujio wa pili">Yesu atarudi duniani</a> kwa utukufu, ingawa jambo hilo wanalitafsiri kwa namna tofauti. </p><p>Uhusiano wa Wakristo na Waislamu una umuhimu wa pekee kwa ajili ya amani na maendeleo ya nchi. Katika sehemu mbalimbali Wakristo na Waislamu waliwahi kushirikiana vema katika mambo mengi ya kijamii lakini uhusiano huo umeanza kuwa mgumu. </p><p>Sababu moja ni mzigo wa historia tunaoubeba mara nyingi bila kujua. Mzigo huo ni urithi wa mahusiano magumu kati ya Waislamu na Wakristo kule Ulaya na Asia. Itakuwa muhimu sana kwa vijana wa leo kukataa mzigo wa historia na kuvumiliana. </p><p>Kwa mfano, Waislamu wanaweza kutumia neno "<a href="/wiki/Jihadi" title="Jihadi">jihadi</a>" wakiongea juu ya jitihada za kuimarisha jumuiya yao au kueneza imani yao, lakini Wakristo walio wengi wanasikia neno hilo vibaya kwa sababu "vita vitakatifu" vya Waislamu vilivyoitwa "jihadi" vilileta mateso mengi kwa Wakristo katika nchi mbalimbali. Kumbe neno halimaanishi <a href="/wiki/Vita" title="Vita">vita</a> hasa ila liliwahi kutumika hivyo tangu muda mrefu. </p><p>Vilevile Wakristo wengi hawaoni tatizo kutumia neno "Crusade" kwa ajili ya mikutano ya kiroho. Lakini Waislamu wanaweza kuchukua neno hili vibaya pia kwani kiasili "Crusade" (maana yake "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vita_vya_Msalaba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vita vya Msalaba (bado haujaandikwa)">Vita vya Msalaba</a>") linamaanisha hasa kipindi cha miaka 800 hivi iliyopita. Wakati ule Wakristo wa <a href="/wiki/Ulaya_Magharibi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulaya Magharibi">Ulaya Magharibi</a> walijaribu kufuta utawala wa Kiislamu katika nchi za <a href="/wiki/Mashariki_ya_Kati" title="Mashariki ya Kati">Mashariki ya Kati</a> kwa vita vilivyoendelea kwa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kwikwi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kwikwi (bado haujaandikwa)">kwikwi</a> muda wa miaka 200. </p><p>Ukristo na Uislamu viko karibu katika mambo mengi lakini hutumia mafundisho yanayogongana katika sehemu nyingine, hivyo mpaka leo hii kwa Waislamu ni vigumu sana kupokea Injili. Wakati wa vita vya msalaba <a href="/wiki/Fransisko_wa_Asizi" title="Fransisko wa Asizi">Fransisko wa Asizi</a> aliona hakuna njia ya kuwavuta Waislamu kwa mabavu. Mashindano pekee yanayoruhusiwa kwa Mkristo ni yale ya upendo ya kumfuata Yesu. </p><p>Kwa jumla mawazo ya Mt. Fransisko yamethibitishwa na historia. Kwa hiyo si vibaya kujiandaa kushirikiana na Waislamu Kikristo kwa kufahamu kidogo imani yao na kutambua sifa nzuri zilizopo katika maisha na mafundisho yao pia. </p><p>Wakristo kwa jumla wasijivunie sifa zao kuwa bora kuliko za Waislamu. Anayesoma "Historia ya Kanisa" ataona mifano mingi ya jinsi Wakristo walivyosahau mafundisho ya Yesu na kutendeana kwa unyama. Kwa hiyo mtu asijivune kwamba Ukristo ni dini ya upendo au imani yenye maendeleo kama mwenyewe si mfano wa upendo huo na maendeleo hayo. </p><p>Kwa Wakristo wengi ni <a href="/wiki/Fumbo" title="Fumbo">fumbo</a> kwa nini Mungu alikubali kutokea kwa dini hiyo mpya. Lakini mwanzoni mwa Uislamu Mfalme Mkristo wa Ethiopia alipokea na kuhifadhi wakimbizi Waislamu kutoka <a href="/wiki/Maka" class="mw-redirect" title="Maka">Maka</a>. Mapokeo ya Kiislamu yanasema mfalme huyu aliyekuwa na jina "Negasi" aligeukia Uislamu baadaye. Lakini "Negasi" si jina la mtu fulani, ni cheo cha wafalme wote wa Ethiopia hadi mwaka <a href="/wiki/1974" title="1974">1974</a> (kwa kawaida huandikwa "Negus"). Halafu hakuna kumbukumbu ya kwamba mfalme yeyote wa karne zile aliacha Ukristo wake. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ukristo_na_dini_za_jadi">Ukristo na dini za jadi</h3></div> <p>Kuhusu wanaofuata bado imani asilia pia ni kwamba wanatunza katika mila na desturi zao urithi wa utamaduni. Hata maadili mengine yanayofundishwa kwao yanalingana na sehemu za Biblia. Hakika si vema Wakristo wakiwacheka na kuwaita kwa majina ya dharau kama "Wapagani". </p><p>Hata juu ya imani hizo za jadi ni kweli kwamba zilimjua Mungu kwa namna fulani kutokana na uumbaji wake jinsi alivyoandika Mtume Paulo katika Rom 1. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tazama_pia">Tazama pia</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukristo_barani_Afrika" title="Ukristo barani Afrika">Ukristo barani Afrika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukristo_barani_Amerika" title="Ukristo barani Amerika">Ukristo barani Amerika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukristo_barani_Asia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ukristo barani Asia (bado haujaandikwa)">Ukristo barani Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukristo_barani_Australia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ukristo barani Australia (bado haujaandikwa)">Ukristo barani Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukristo_barani_Ulaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ukristo barani Ulaya (bado haujaandikwa)">Ukristo barani Ulaya</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tanbihi">Tanbihi</h2></div> <div class="reflist references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Neno "Mkristo" (Χριστιανός) lilitumika mara ya kwanza kuhusiana na wafuasi wa Yesu katika <a href="/wiki/Mji" title="Mji">mji</a> wa Antiokia [Mdo 11:26] mwaka <a href="/wiki/44" title="44">44</a> <a href="/wiki/BK" class="mw-redirect" title="BK">BK</a>. Wenyewe walikuwa wanajiita "ndugu", "waamini", "wateule", "watakatifu". Katika mazingira ya <a href="/wiki/Kisemiti" class="mw-redirect" title="Kisemiti">Kisemiti</a> waliendelea na bado wanaendelea kuitwa "Manasara", yaani "Wanazareti" kutokana na jina la <a href="/wiki/Kijiji" title="Kijiji">kijiji</a> alikokulia Yesu. Kumbukumbu ya kwanza ya mwandishi ya neno "Ukristo" (Χριστιανισμός) ni katika barua za <a href="/wiki/Ignas_wa_Antiokia" title="Ignas wa Antiokia">Ignas wa Antiokia</a>, mwaka <a href="/wiki/100" title="100">100</a> hivi. See Elwell/Comfort. Tyndale Bible Dictionary, pp. 266, 828.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Taz. Catholic Encyclopedia (article "Monotheism"); William F. Albright, From the Stone Age to Christianity; H. Richard Niebuhr; About.com, Monotheistic Religion resources; Kirsch, God Against the Gods; Woodhead, An Introduction to Christianity; The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia Monotheism; The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, monotheism; New Dictionary of Theology, Paul, pp. 496–99; Meconi. "Pagan Monotheism in Late Antiquity". p. 111f.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hinnells, <i>The Routledge Companion to the Study of Religion</i>, p. 441.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Zoll, Rachel. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/10003271">Study: Christian population shifts from Europe</a>", December 19, 2011. Retrieved on 25 February 2012.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.au=Zoll%2C+Rachel&rft.title=Study%3A+Christian+population+shifts+from+Europe&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guardian.co.uk%2Fworld%2Ffeedarticle%2F10003271&rft.date=December+19%2C+2011"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PewDec2012-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-PewDec2012_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1346650">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924113632/http://www.pewforum.org/files/2014/01/global-religion-full.pdf">"The Global Religious Landscape: Christianity"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Pew Research Center. Desemba 2012. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/files/2014/01/global-religion-full.pdf">chanzo</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> mnamo 2015-09-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2012-07-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Global+Religious+Landscape%3A+Christianity&rft.pub=Pew+Research+Center&rft.date=2012-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2Ffiles%2F2014%2F01%2Fglobal-religion-full.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AUkristo" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_web" title="Kigezo:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamii:CS1_maint:_date_auto-translated&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamii:CS1 maint: date auto-translated (bado haujaandikwa)">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-World-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-World_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">33.39% of ~7.2 billion world population (under the section 'People') <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100105171656/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/xx.html">"World"</a>. CIA world facts. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/xx.html">chanzo</a> mnamo 2010-01-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2015-07-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World&rft.pub=CIA+world+facts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fgeos%2Fxx.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AUkristo" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_web" title="Kigezo:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code class="cs1-code">|=</code> ignored (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gordonconwell.edu-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-gordonconwell.edu_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141543/http://www.gordonconwell.edu/resources/documents/1IBMR2015.pdf">"Christianity 2015: Religious Diversity and Personal Contact"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. gordonconwell.edu. Januari 2015. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gordonconwell.edu/resources/documents/1IBMR2015.pdf">chanzo</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> mnamo 2017-05-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2015-05-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Christianity+2015%3A+Religious+Diversity+and+Personal+Contact&rft.pub=gordonconwell.edu&rft.date=2015-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gordonconwell.edu%2Fresources%2Fdocuments%2F1IBMR2015.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AUkristo" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_web" title="Kigezo:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code class="cs1-code">|=</code> ignored (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: date auto-translated (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamii:CS1_maint:_date_auto-translated&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamii:CS1 maint: date auto-translated (bado haujaandikwa)">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Major_Religions_Ranked_by_Size-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Major_Religions_Ranked_by_Size_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6HZF8Uaqj?url=http://www.adherents.com/Religions_By_Adherents.html">"Major Religions Ranked by Size"</a>. Adherents.com. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adherents.com/Religions_By_Adherents.html">chanzo</a> mnamo 2013-06-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2009-05-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Major+Religions+Ranked+by+Size&rft.pub=Adherents.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.adherents.com%2FReligions_By_Adherents.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AUkristo" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_web" title="Kigezo:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code class="cs1-code">|=</code> ignored (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Global_Christianity-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Global_Christianity_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFANALYSIS2011" class="citation web cs1">ANALYSIS (2011-12-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181226061838/http://www.pewforum.org/christian/global-christianity-exec.aspx">"Global Christianity"</a>. Pewforum.org. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/Christian/Global-Christianity-exec.aspx">chanzo</a> mnamo 2018-12-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2012-08-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Global+Christianity&rft.pub=Pewforum.org&rft.date=2011-12-19&rft.au=ANALYSIS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2FChristian%2FGlobal-Christianity-exec.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AUkristo" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_web" title="Kigezo:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code class="cs1-code">|dead-url=</code> ignored (<code class="cs1-code">|url-status=</code> suggested) (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Armenia-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Armenia_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="sw" dir="ltr">Hitilafu ya kutaja: Invalid <code><ref></code> tag; no text was provided for refs named <code>Armenia</code></span></li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Martin Luther, Weim., X, P. Il, 107, 8-11</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFANALYSIS2011" class="citation web cs1">ANALYSIS (2011-12-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/2012/12/18/table-religious-composition-by-country-in-percentages/">"Table: Religious Composition by Country, in Percentages"</a>. Pewforum.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2012-08-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Table%3A+Religious+Composition+by+Country%2C+in+Percentages&rft.pub=Pewforum.org&rft.date=2011-12-19&rft.au=ANALYSIS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2F2012%2F12%2F18%2Ftable-religious-composition-by-country-in-percentages%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AUkristo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Werner Ustorf. "A missiological postscript", in McLeod and Ustorf (eds), <i>The Decline of Christendom in (Western) Europe, 1750–2000</i>, (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Cambridge_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cambridge University Press (bado haujaandikwa)">Cambridge University Press</a>, 2003) pp. 219–20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PewProjections-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-PewProjections_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150506113049/http://www.pewforum.org/files/2015/03/PF_15.04.02_ProjectionsFullReport.pdf">"The Future of World Religions: Population Growth Projections, 2010-2050"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/files/2015/03/PF_15.04.02_ProjectionsFullReport.pdf">chanzo</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> mnamo 2015-05-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2017-03-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Future+of+World+Religions%3A+Population+Growth+Projections%2C+2010-2050&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2Ffiles%2F2015%2F03%2FPF_15.04.02_ProjectionsFullReport.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AUkristo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Johnstone, Patrick, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AVzFAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA109&dq=christianity+2050+protestant&hl=pl&sa=X&ei=wQO7VJbSI8i1OraXgdAC&ved=0CB8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=christianity%202050%20protestant&f=false">"The Future of the Global Church: History, Trends and Possibilities"</a>, p. 100, fig 4.10 & 4.11</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hillerbrand, Hans J., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.hk/books?id=4tbFBQAAQBAJ&lpg=PT3311&pg=PT3311#v=onepage&q&f=false">"Encyclopedia of Protestantism: 4-volume Set"</a>, p. 1815, "Observers carefully comparing all these figures in the total context will have observed the even more startling finding that for the first time ever in the history of Protestantism, <i>Wider Protestants</i> will by 2050 have become almost exactly as numerous as Roman Catholics – each with just over 1.5 billion followers, or 17 percent of the world, with Protestants growing considerably faster than Catholics each year."</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marejeo">Marejeo</h2></div> <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:30em; -webkit-column-count:30em; column-count:30em;margin-left:1.5em;"> <ul><li>Albright, William F. <i>From the Stone Age to Christianity</i>.</li> <li>Alexander, T. Desmond. <i>New Dictionary of Biblical Theology</i>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Greg_Bahnsen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Greg Bahnsen (bado haujaandikwa)">Bahnsen, Greg</a>. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cmfnow.com/articles/pt173.htm">A Reformed Confession Regarding Hermeneutics</a></i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cmfnow.com/articles/pt173.htm"> (article 6)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20141204091801/http://www.cmfnow.com/articles/pt173.htm">Archived</a> 4 Desemba 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>..</li> <li>Ball, Bryan; Johnsson, William (ed.). <i>The Essential Jesus</i>. Pacific Press (2002). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0816319294" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8163-1929-4</a>.</li> <li>Barrett, David; Kurian, Tom and others. (ed.). <i>World Christian Encyclopedia</i>. Oxford University Press (2001).</li> <li>Barry, John F. <i>One Faith, One Lord: A Study of Basic Catholic Belief</i>. William H. Sadlier (2001). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0821522078" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8215-2207-8</a></li> <li>Benton, John. <i>Is Christianity True?</i> Darlington, Eng.: Evangelical Press (1988). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0852342608" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-85234-260-8</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bettenson,_Henry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bettenson, Henry (bado haujaandikwa)">Bettenson, Henry</a> (ed.). <i>Documents of the Christian Church</i>. Oxford University Press (1943).</li> <li>Bokenkotter, Thomas. <i>A Concise History of the Catholic Church </i>. Doubleday (2004). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0385505841" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-385-50584-1</a></li> <li>Bruce, F.F. <i>The Canon of Scripture</i>.</li> <li>Chambers, Mortimer; Crew, Herlihy, Rabb, Woloch. <i>The Western Experience. Volume II: The Early Modern Period</i>. Alfred A. Knopf (1974). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0394317343" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-394-31734-3</a>.</li> <li>Coffey, John. <i>Persecution and Toleration in Protestant England 1558–1689</i>. Pearson Education (2000).</li> <li>Cross, F. L.; Livingstone, E. A. (ed.). <i>The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church</i>. Oxford University Press (1997). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/019211655X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-19-211655-X</a>.</li> <li>Deppermann, Klaus. <i>Melchior Hoffman: Social Unrest and Apocalyptic Vision in the Age of Reformation</i>. <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0567086542" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-567-08654-2</a>.</li> <li>Dilasser, Maurice. <i>The Symbols of the Church</i>. Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press (1999). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/081462538X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8146-2538-X</a></li> <li>Duffy, Eamon. <i>Saints and Sinners, a History of the Popes</i>. Yale University Press (1997). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0300073321" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-300-07332-1</a></li> <li>Elwell, Walter A.; Comfort, Philip Wesley. <i>Tyndale Bible Dictionary</i>, Tyndale House Publishers (2001). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0842370897" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8423-7089-7</a>.</li> <li>Esler, Philip F. <i>The Early Christian World</i>. Routledge (2004).</li> <li>Farrar, F.W. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tentmaker.org/books/mercyandjudgment/mercy_and_judgment_ch1.html">Mercy and Judgment. A Few Last Words On Christian Eschatology With Reference to Dr. Pusey's, "What Is Of Faith?"</a></i>. Macmillan, London/New York (1904).</li> <li>Ferguson, Sinclair; Wright, David, eds. New Dictionary of Theology. consulting ed. Packer, James. Leicester: Inter-Varsity Press (1988). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0851106366" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-85110-636-6</a></li> <li>Foutz, Scott. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quodlibet.net/luther.shtml"></a></i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quodlibet.net/luther.shtml"> Martin Luther and Scripture</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20000414063800/http://www.quodlibet.net/luther.shtml">Archived</a> 14 Aprili 2000 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.<i> Martin Luther and Scripture</i>.</li> <li>Fowler, Jeaneane D. <i>World Religions: An Introduction for Students</i>, Sussex Academic Press (1997). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/1898723486" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-898723-48-6</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reginald_H._Fuller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reginald H. Fuller (bado haujaandikwa)">Fuller, Reginald H.</a> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Foundations_of_New_Testament_Christology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Foundations of New Testament Christology (bado haujaandikwa)">The Foundations of New Testament Christology</a></i> Scribners (1965). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/068415532X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-684-15532-X</a>.</li> <li>Froehle, Bryan; Gautier, Mary, <i>Global Catholicism, Portrait of a World Church</i>, Orbis books; Center for Applied Research in the Apostolate, Georgetown University (2003) ISBN=1-57075-375-X</li> <li>Funk, Robert. <i>The Acts of Jesus: What Did Jesus Really Do?</i>. Polebridge Press (1998). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0060629789" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-06-062978-9</a>.</li> <li>Glenny, W. Edward. <i>Typology: A Summary Of The Present Evangelical Discussion</i>.</li> <li>Gonzalez, Justo L. <i>The Story of Christianity: The Early Church to the Dawn of the Reformation</i>, Harper Collins Publishers, New York (1984).</li> <li>Hanegraaff, Hank. <i>Resurrection: The Capstone in the Arch of Christianity</i>. Thomas Nelson (2000). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0849916437" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8499-1643-7</a>.</li> <li>Harnack, Adolf von. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccel.org/ccel/harnack/dogma1.ii.iii.iii.html">History of Dogma</a></i> (1894).</li> <li>Hickman, Hoyt L. and others. <i>Handbook of the Christian Year</i>. Abingdon Press (1986). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/068716575X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-687-16575-X</a></li> <li>Hinnells, John R. <i>The Routledge Companion to the Study of Religion</i> (2005).</li> <li>Hitchcock, Susan Tyler. <i>Geography of Religion</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Geographic_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Geographic Society (bado haujaandikwa)">National Geographic Society</a> (2004) <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0792273133" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7922-7313-3</a></li> <li>Kelly, J.N.D. <i>Early Christian Doctrines</i>.</li> <li>Kelly, J.N.D. <i>The Athanasian Creed</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harper_%26_Row&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harper & Row (bado haujaandikwa)">Harper & Row</a>, New York (1964).</li> <li>Kirsch, Jonathan. <i>God Against the Gods</i>.</li> <li>Kreeft, Peter. <i>Catholic Christianity</i>. Ignatius Press (2001) <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0898707986" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-89870-798-6</a></li> <li>Letham, Robert. <i>The Holy Trinity in Scripture, History, Theology, and Worship</i>. P & R Publishing (2005). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0875520006" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-87552-000-6</a>.</li> <li>Lorenzen, Thorwald. <i>Resurrection, Discipleship, Justice: Affirming the Resurrection Jesus Christ Today</i>. Smyth & Helwys (2003). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/1573123994" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-57312-399-4</a>.</li> <li>McLaughlin, R. Emmet, <i>Caspar Schwenckfeld, reluctant radical: his life to 1540</i>, New Haven: Yale University Press (1986). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0300033672" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-300-03367-2</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diarmaid_MacCulloch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diarmaid MacCulloch (bado haujaandikwa)">MacCulloch, Diarmaid</a>, <i>The Reformation: A History</i>. Viking Adult (2004).</li> <li>MacCulloch, Diarmaid, <i>A History of Christianity: The First Three Thousand Years</i>. London, Allen Lane. 2009. <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/9780713998696" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-7139-9869-6</a></li> <li>Marber, Peter. <i>Money Changes Everything: How Global Prosperity Is Reshaping Our Needs, Values and Lifestyles</i>. FT Press (2003). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0130654809" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-13-065480-9</a></li> <li>Marthaler, Berard. <i>Introducing the Catechism of the Catholic Church, Traditional Themes and Contemporary Issues</i>. Paulist Press (1994). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0809134950" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8091-3495-0</a></li> <li>Mathison, Keith. <i>The Shape of Sola Scriptura</i> (2001).</li> <li>McClintock, John, <i>Cyclopaedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature</i>. Harper &Brothers, original from <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> (1889)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alister_McGrath&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alister McGrath (bado haujaandikwa)">McGrath, Alister E</a>. <i>Christianity: An Introduction</i>. Blackwell Publishing (2006). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/1405108991" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-4051-0899-1</a>.</li> <li>McGrath, Alister E. <i>Historical Theology</i>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McManners&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John McManners (bado haujaandikwa)">McManners, John</a>. <i>Oxford Illustrated History of Christianity</i>. Oxford University Press (1990). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0198229283" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-19-822928-3</a>.</li> <li>Meconi, David Vincent. "Pagan Monotheism in Late Antiquity", in: <i>Journal of Early Christian Studies</i>.</li> <li>Metzger, Bruce M., Michael Coogan (ed.). <i>Oxford Companion to the Bible</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (bado haujaandikwa)">Oxford University Press</a> (1993). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0195046455" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-19-504645-5</a>.</li> <li>Mullin, Robert Bruce. <i>A short world history of Christianity</i>. Westminster John Knox Press (2008).</li> <li>Norman, Edward. <i>The Roman Catholic Church, An Illustrated History</i>. University of California (2007) <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/9780520252516" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-520-25251-6</a></li> <li>Olson, Roger E., <i>The Mosaic of Christian Belief</i>. InterVarsity Press (2002). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/9780830826957" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-8308-2695-7</a>.</li> <li>Orlandis, Jose, <i>A Short History of the Catholic Church</i>. Scepter Publishers (1993) <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/1851821252" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-85182-125-2</a></li> <li>Ott, Ludwig. <i>Grundriß der Dogmatik</i>. Herder, Freiburg (1965).</li> <li>Otten, Herman J. <i>Baal or God? Liberalism or Christianity, Fantasy vs. Truth: Beliefs and Practices of the Churches of the World Today</i>.... Second ed. New Haven, Mo.: Lutheran News, 1988.</li> <li>Pelikan, Jaroslav; Hotchkiss, Valerie (ed.) <i>Creeds and Confessions of Faith in the Christian Tradition</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yale_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yale University Press (bado haujaandikwa)">Yale University Press</a> (2003). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0300093896" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-300-09389-6</a>.</li> <li>Putnam, Robert D. <i>Democracies in Flux: The Evolution of Social Capital in Contemporary Society</i>. Oxford University Press (2002).</li> <li>Riley-Smith, Jonathan. <i>The Oxford History of the Crusades</i>. New York: Oxford University Press, (1999).</li> <li>Robinson, George. <i>Essential Judaism: A Complete Guide to Beliefs, Customs and Rituals</i>. New York: Pocket Books (2000).</li> <li>Schama, Simon . <i>A History of Britain</i>. Hyperion (2000). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0786866756" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7868-6675-6</a>.</li> <li>Servetus, Michael. <i>Restoration of Christianity</i>. Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press (2007).</li> <li>Simon, Edith. <i>Great Ages of Man: The Reformation</i>. Time-Life Books (1966). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0662278208" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-662-27820-8</a>.</li> <li>Smith, J.Z. (1998).</li> <li>Spitz, Lewis. <i>The Protestant Reformation</i>. Concordia Publishing House (2003). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0570033209" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-570-03320-9</a>.</li> <li>Sproul, R.C. <i>Knowing Scripture</i>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Spurgeon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Spurgeon (bado haujaandikwa)">Spurgeon, Charles</a>. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spurgeon.org/calvinis.htm">A Defense of Calvinism</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20080410133140/http://www.spurgeon.org/calvinis.htm">Archived</a> 10 Aprili 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</i>.</li> <li>Sykes, Stephen; Booty, John; Knight, Jonathan. <i>The Study of Anglicanism</i>. Augsburg Fortress Publishers (1998). <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/080063151X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8006-3151-X</a>.</li> <li>Ustorf, Werner. "A missiological postscript", in: McLeod, Hugh; Ustorf, Werner (ed.). <i>The Decline of Christendom in Western Europe, 1750–2000</i>. Cambridge University Press (2003).</li> <li>Walsh, Chad. <i>Campus Gods on Trial</i>. Rev. and enl. ed. New York: Macmillan Co., 1962, t.p. 1964. xiv, [4], 154 p.</li> <li>Woodhead, Linda. <i>An Introduction to Christianity</i>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marejeo_mengine">Marejeo mengine</h3></div> <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:30em; -webkit-column-count:30em; column-count:30em;margin-left:1.5em;"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFGill,_Robin2001" class="citation book cs1">Gill, Robin (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgecom_xxxx_2001_000_6685357"><i>The Cambridge companion to Christian ethics</i></a>. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-521-77918-9" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-521-77918-9"><bdi>0-521-77918-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+companion+to+Christian+ethics&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+UK&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-521-77918-9&rft.au=Gill%2C+Robin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcambridgecom_xxxx_2001_000_6685357&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AUkristo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFGunton,_Colin_E.1997" class="citation book cs1">Gunton, Colin E. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgecompani0000gunt"><i>The Cambridge companion to Christian doctrine</i></a>. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-521-47695-X" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-521-47695-X"><bdi>0-521-47695-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+companion+to+Christian+doctrine&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+UK&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-521-47695-X&rft.au=Gunton%2C+Colin+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcambridgecompani0000gunt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AUkristo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>MacCulloch, Diarmaid. <i>Christianity: The First Three Thousand Years</i> (Viking; 2010) 1,161 pages; survey by leading historian</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFMacMullen,_Ramsay2006" class="citation book cs1">MacMullen, Ramsay (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/votingaboutgodin0000macm"><i>Voting About God in Early Church Councils</i></a>. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-300-11596-2" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-300-11596-2"><bdi>0-300-11596-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Voting+About+God+in+Early+Church+Councils&rft.place=New+Haven%2C+CT&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-300-11596-2&rft.au=MacMullen%2C+Ramsay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fvotingaboutgodin0000macm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AUkristo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFPadgett,_Alan_G.;_Sally_Bruyneel2003" class="citation book cs1">Padgett, Alan G.; Sally Bruyneel (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/introducingchris0000bruy"><i>Introducing Christianity</i></a>. Maryknoll, N.Y.: Orbis Books. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/1-57075-395-4" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/1-57075-395-4"><bdi>1-57075-395-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Introducing+Christianity&rft.place=Maryknoll%2C+N.Y.&rft.pub=Orbis+Books&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1-57075-395-4&rft.au=Padgett%2C+Alan+G.%3B+Sally+Bruyneel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fintroducingchris0000bruy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AUkristo" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamii:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamii:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (bado haujaandikwa)">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFPrice,_Matthew_Arlen;_Collins,_Michael1999" class="citation book cs1">Price, Matthew Arlen; Collins, Michael (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/storyofchristian0000coll"><i>The story of Christianity</i></a>. New York: Dorling Kindersley. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-7513-0467-0" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-7513-0467-0"><bdi>0-7513-0467-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+story+of+Christianity&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Dorling+Kindersley&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-7513-0467-0&rft.au=Price%2C+Matthew+Arlen%3B+Collins%2C+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fstoryofchristian0000coll&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AUkristo" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamii:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamii:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (bado haujaandikwa)">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFRatzinger,_Joseph2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pope_Benedict_XVI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pope Benedict XVI (bado haujaandikwa)">Ratzinger, Joseph</a> (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/introductiontoch0000bene_v8m7"><i>Introduction To Christianity (Communio Books)</i></a>. San Francisco: Ignatius Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/1-58617-029-5" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/1-58617-029-5"><bdi>1-58617-029-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Introduction+To+Christianity+%28Communio+Books%29&rft.place=San+Francisco&rft.pub=Ignatius+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-58617-029-5&rft.au=Ratzinger%2C+Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fintroductiontoch0000bene_v8m7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AUkristo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Roper, J.C., <i>Bp</i>. (1923), <i>et al.</i>. <i>Faith in God</i>, in series, <i>Layman's Library of Practical Religion, Church of England in Canada</i>, vol. 2. Toronto, Ont.: Musson Book Co. <i>N.B</i>.: The series statement is given in the more extended form which appears on the book's front cover.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFTucker,_Karen;_Wainwright,_Geoffrey2006" class="citation book cs1">Tucker, Karen; Wainwright, Geoffrey (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordhistoryofc0000unse_y8c9"><i>The Oxford history of Christian worship</i></a>. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Oxford University Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-19-513886-4" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-19-513886-4"><bdi>0-19-513886-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+history+of+Christian+worship&rft.place=Oxford+%5BOxfordshire%5D&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-19-513886-4&rft.au=Tucker%2C+Karen%3B+Wainwright%2C+Geoffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxfordhistoryofc0000unse_y8c9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AUkristo" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamii:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamii:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (bado haujaandikwa)">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFWagner,_Richard2004" class="citation book cs1">Wagner, Richard (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/christianityford0000wagn"><i>Christianity for Dummies</i></a>. For Dummies. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-7645-4482-9" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-7645-4482-9"><bdi>0-7645-4482-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Christianity+for+Dummies&rft.pub=For+Dummies&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-7645-4482-9&rft.au=Wagner%2C+Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fchristianityford0000wagn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AUkristo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFWebb,_Jeffrey_B.2004" class="citation book cs1">Webb, Jeffrey B. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/completeidiotsgu0000webb_i4x8"><i>The Complete Idiot's Guide to Christianity</i></a>. Indianapolis, Ind: Alpha Books. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/1-59257-176-X" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/1-59257-176-X"><bdi>1-59257-176-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Idiot%27s+Guide+to+Christianity&rft.place=Indianapolis%2C+Ind&rft.pub=Alpha+Books&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-59257-176-X&rft.au=Webb%2C+Jeffrey+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcompleteidiotsgu0000webb_i4x8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AUkristo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFWoodhead,_Linda2004" class="citation book cs1">Woodhead, Linda (2004). <i>Christianity: a very short introduction</i>. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Oxford University Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-19-280322-0" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-19-280322-0"><bdi>0-19-280322-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Christianity%3A+a+very+short+introduction&rft.place=Oxford+%5BOxfordshire%5D&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-19-280322-0&rft.au=Woodhead%2C+Linda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AUkristo" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viungo_vya_nje">Viungo vya nje</h2></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1) 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:inherit; width: 250px; padding: 4px; spacing: 0px; text-align: left; float: right;"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="WikiMedia Commons"><img alt="WikiMedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/75px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/100px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption>WikiMedia Commons</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 60px;"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> ina media kuhusu: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><i><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Christianity?uselang=sw">Christianity</a></b></i></div> </div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/115240/Christianity">"Christianity"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica Online.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/christianity/index.shtml">"Religion & Ethics—Christianity"</a>. BBC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2008-01-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Religion+%26+Ethics%E2%80%94Christianity&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Freligion%2Freligions%2Fchristianity%2Findex.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AUkristo" class="Z3988"></span> A number of introductory articles on Christianity.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.netzarim.co.il">"Netzarim"</a>. - Click at 'History Museum' in the left menu<span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2008-10-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Netzarim&rft.pub=-+Click+at+%27History+Museum%27+in+the+left+menu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.netzarim.co.il&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AUkristo" class="Z3988"></span> The origin of Christianity</li> <li>Adena, L. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cliojournal.wikispaces.com/How+the+Jesus+Cult+Captured+the+Roman+State">The 'Jesus Cult' and the Roman State in the Third Century</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20150104073248/http://cliojournal.wikispaces.com/How+the+Jesus+Cult+Captured+the+Roman+State">Archived</a> 4 Januari 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., Clio History Journal, 2008.</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Rudishwa kutoka "<a dir="ltr" href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ukristo&oldid=1333307">https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ukristo&oldid=1333307</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:Jamii" title="Maalum:Jamii">Jamii</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Pages_with_reference_errors" title="Jamii:Pages with reference errors">Pages with reference errors</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamii:Pages_using_the_JsonConfig_extension&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamii:Pages using the JsonConfig extension (bado haujaandikwa)">Pages using the JsonConfig extension</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamii:CS1_maint:_date_auto-translated&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamii:CS1 maint: date auto-translated (bado haujaandikwa)">CS1 maint: date auto-translated</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamii:CS1_errors:_unsupported_parameter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamii:CS1 errors: unsupported parameter (bado haujaandikwa)">CS1 errors: unsupported parameter</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamii:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamii:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (bado haujaandikwa)">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Dini" title="Jamii:Dini">Dini</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Ukristo" title="Jamii:Ukristo">Ukristo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Yesu_Kristo" title="Jamii:Yesu Kristo">Yesu Kristo</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Jamii iliofichwa: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Pages_using_ISBN_magic_links" title="Jamii:Pages using ISBN magic links">Pages using ISBN magic links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ukurasa huu umebadilishwa kwa mara ya mwisho tarehe 29 Aprili 2024, saa 02:57.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Maandishi yanapatikana chini ya leseni ya <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; matakwa mengine yanaweza kutakiwa. 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