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Cimetière des Fontanelle — Wikipédia

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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Cimetière des Fontanelle</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 6 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-6" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">6 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedhof_Fontanelle" title="Friedhof Fontanelle – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Friedhof Fontanelle" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fontanelle_cemetery" title="Fontanelle cemetery – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Fontanelle cemetery" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groblje_Fontanelle" title="Groblje Fontanelle – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Groblje Fontanelle" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fontanelle_temet%C5%91" title="Fontanelle temető – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fontanelle temető" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle" title="Cimitero delle Fontanelle – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cimitero delle Fontanelle" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%B5_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Кладбище Фонтанелле – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кладбище Фонтанелле" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q782398#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" 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<div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Outils</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Cimeti%C3%A8re_des_Fontanelle"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cimeti%C3%A8re_des_Fontanelle&amp;veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette 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id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Livre&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=Cimeti%C3%A8re+des+Fontanelle"><span>Créer un livre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Cimeti%C3%A8re_des_Fontanelle&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Télécharger comme PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cimeti%C3%A8re_des_Fontanelle&amp;printable=yes" title="Version imprimable de cette page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimable</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dans d’autres projets </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q782398" title="Lien vers l’élément dans le dépôt de données connecté [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Élément Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates" class="noprint"><a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Map/13/40.858111111111/14.239055555556/fr" data-zoom="13" data-lat="40.858111111111" data-lon="14.239055555556" data-overlays="[&quot;_c74b4866b605c2c4a39647b139a681dfddba19f4&quot;]">40°&#160;51′&#160;29″&#160;N, 14°&#160;14′&#160;21″&#160;E</a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l&#039;encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive large"><div class="entete" style="background-color:#E1E1E1;color:#000000"><div>Cimetière des Fontanelle</div></div><div><div class="images" style="padding:2px 0"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Napoli_-_Fontanelle_crocevia_1030852.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Napoli_-_Fontanelle_crocevia_1030852.JPG/260px-Napoli_-_Fontanelle_crocevia_1030852.JPG" decoding="async" width="260" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Napoli_-_Fontanelle_crocevia_1030852.JPG/390px-Napoli_-_Fontanelle_crocevia_1030852.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Napoli_-_Fontanelle_crocevia_1030852.JPG/520px-Napoli_-_Fontanelle_crocevia_1030852.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div></div><table><caption style="color:#000000;text-align:center;background-color:#E1E1E1">Présentation</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">Type</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p31"><a href="/wiki/Cimeti%C3%A8re" title="Cimetière">Cimetière</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q782398?uselang=fr#P31" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Fondation</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p571"><time datetime="1656" data-sort-value="1656" class="date-lien"><a href="/wiki/1656" title="1656">1656</a></time><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q782398?uselang=fr#P571" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Ouverture</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p1619"><time datetime="2006" data-sort-value="2006" class="date-lien"><a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a></time><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q782398?uselang=fr#P1619" 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href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q782398?uselang=fr#P856" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="color:#000000;text-align:center;background-color:#E1E1E1">Localisation</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">Localisation</th><td class=""><div> <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Italy.svg" 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14°&#160;14′&#160;21″&#160;E</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q782398?uselang=fr#P625" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="img_toggle"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="280" data-height="280" data-zoom="13" data-lat="40.858111111111" data-lon="14.239055555556" data-overlays="[&quot;_c7afc161ef5809d71896263dc33cdc80342c734c&quot;]" href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Map/13/40.858111111111/14.239055555556/fr"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,40.858111111111,14.239055555556,280x280.png?lang=fr&amp;domain=fr.wikipedia.org&amp;title=Cimeti%C3%A8re_des_Fontanelle&amp;revid=216428878&amp;groups=_c7afc161ef5809d71896263dc33cdc80342c734c" width="280" height="280" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,40.858111111111,14.239055555556,280x280@2x.png?lang=fr&amp;domain=fr.wikipedia.org&amp;title=Cimeti%C3%A8re_des_Fontanelle&amp;revid=216428878&amp;groups=_c7afc161ef5809d71896263dc33cdc80342c734c 2x" alt="Carte" /></a><span></span></div><p class="navbar noprint bordered navigation-not-searchable" style="border-top:1px solid #E1E1E1"><span class="plainlinks" style="text-align:left"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cimeti%C3%A8re_des_Fontanelle&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=0">modifier</a> - <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cimeti%C3%A8re_des_Fontanelle&amp;action=edit&amp;section=0">modifier le code</a> - <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q782398" class="extiw" title="d:Q782398">modifier Wikidata</a></span><span style="text-align:right"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_Monument" title="Documentation du modèle"><img alt="Documentation du modèle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span></p></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_001.jpg/220px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_001.jpg/330px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_001.jpg/440px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption> Premières salles près de l'entrée.</figcaption></figure> <p>Le <b>cimetière des Fontanelle</b> est un <a href="/wiki/Ossuaire" title="Ossuaire">ossuaire</a> de <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a> (<a href="/wiki/Italie" title="Italie">Italie</a>) fondé en 1656. Il est situé dans une grotte sur une colline de <a href="/wiki/Tuf_volcanique" title="Tuf volcanique">tuf</a>, dans le quartier <a href="/wiki/Rione_Sanit%C3%A0" title="Rione Sanità">Sanità</a>, fermé puis rouvert à la visite en <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Histoire">Histoire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cimeti%C3%A8re_des_Fontanelle&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifier la section : Histoire" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cimeti%C3%A8re_des_Fontanelle&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Histoire"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Au début du <abbr class="abbr" title="16ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle lorsque les Espagnols pénètrent dans la ville, on se demande où se trouvent les cimetières et des recherches sont entreprises à l'extérieur des murs de la ville pour localiser les tombes. </p><p>Les Napolitains voulant être enterrés dans leurs églises, la place manque et ainsi, pour faire de la place pour les nouveaux morts, les entreprises de pompes funèbres commencent à enlever les restes des morts précédents et les déposent dans la grotte de ce qui devient le «&#160;cimetière de Fontanelle&#160;». Les restes mortuaires enterrés superficiellement sont rejoints en 1656 par des milliers de cadavres anonymes, victimes de la <a href="/wiki/Grande_peste_de_Naples" title="Grande peste de Naples">grande peste</a>. </p><p>Vers la fin du <abbr class="abbr" title="17ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle selon <a href="/wiki/Andrea_De_Jorio" title="Andrea De Jorio">Andrea De Jorio</a><sup id="cite_ref-Puntillo_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Puntillo-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> érudit napolitain du <abbr class="abbr" title="19ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle, de grandes inondations emportent les squelettes vers les rues, offrant un spectacle effroyable. Les restes récupérés sont remis dans la grotte. L'endroit devient le lieu de repos des indigents de la ville, un vaste cimetière pour les pauvres. Au début du <abbr class="abbr" title="19ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle, sous la <a href="/wiki/Joachim_Murat" title="Joachim Murat">domination française de Naples</a> le cimetière prend le non des «&#160;Fontanelle&#160;». Le dernier grand «&#160;dépôt&#160;» de morts indigents semble avoir lieu lors de l'épidémie de choléra de 1837. </p><p>En 1872, le père Gaetano Barbati fait exhumer et cataloguer les restes enfouis qui sont encore là, ils sont amassés dans des cryptes de fortune, dans des boîtes et des casiers en bois. Un culte spontané de dévotion aux restes de ces morts sans nom, le «&#160;culte des pezzentelle&#160;» se développe alors à Naples. Les défenseurs du culte font remarquer qu'ils rendent hommage aux âmes égarées qui n'ont pas été correctement enterrées<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Les adeptes «&#160;adoptent&#160;» les crânes des defunts, se chargent de leur parler, leur apportent des fleurs et en contre-partie leur demandent des faveurs<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Une petite église, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89glise_Maria_Santissima_del_Carmine" title="Église Maria Santissima del Carmine">église Maria Santissima del Carmine</a>, a été construite à l'entrée du cimetière. </p><p>Le culte de la dévotion aux crânes du cimetière de Fontanelle a duré jusqu'au milieu du <abbr class="abbr" title="20ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle. En 1969, le <a href="/wiki/Corrado_Ursi" title="Corrado Ursi">cardinal Ursi</a> de Naples a décidé qu'une telle dévotion donnant lieu à une sorte de fétichisme n'avait pas de raison d'être et a ordonné la fermeture du cimetière. Le cimetière a été transformé en site historique et il peut être maintenant visité. </p><p>L'ancien ossuaire s'étend sur environ 3&#160;000&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="mètre carré">m<sup>2</sup></abbr>, tandis que le volume de la cavité est estimé à environ 30&#160;000&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="mètre cube">m<sup>3</sup></abbr>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Galerie">Galerie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cimeti%C3%A8re_des_Fontanelle&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifier la section : Galerie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cimeti%C3%A8re_des_Fontanelle&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Galerie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_018.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Crânes"><img alt="Crânes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_018.jpg/120px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_018.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_018.jpg/180px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_018.jpg/240px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Crânes </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_013.jpg/120px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_013.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_013.jpg/180px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_013.jpg/240px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_026.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Crâne de Concetta"><img alt="Crâne de Concetta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_026.jpg/120px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_026.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_026.jpg/180px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_026.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_026.jpg/240px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_026.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Crâne de <i>Concetta</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_019.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_019.jpg/80px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_019.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_019.jpg/120px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_019.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_019.jpg/159px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_019.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="6016" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_009.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Autel"><img alt="Autel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_009.jpg/80px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_009.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_009.jpg/120px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_009.jpg/159px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="6016" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Autel</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_016.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Crânes empilés et dans des boîtes"><img alt="Crânes empilés et dans des boîtes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_016.jpg/120px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_016.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_016.jpg/180px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_016.jpg/240px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5852" data-file-height="3897" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Crânes empilés et dans des boîtes</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_010.jpg/120px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_010.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_010.jpg/180px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_010.jpg/240px-Cimitero_delle_Fontanelle_-_DM_-_010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cimeti%C3%A8re_des_Fontanelle&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cimeti%C3%A8re_des_Fontanelle&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Bibliographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ouvrage" id="Liccardo2000"><span class="ouvrage" id="Giovanni_Liccardo2000"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : italien">(it)</abbr> Giovanni <span class="nom_auteur">Liccardo</span>, <cite class="italique" lang="it">Guida insolita ai misteri, ai segreti, alle legende e alle curiosità di Napoli sotterranea</cite>, Rome, Newton &amp; Compton, <time>2000</time>, 195–96&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/88-8289-405-3" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/88-8289-405-3"><span class="nowrap">88-8289-405-3</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Guida+insolita+ai+misteri%2C+ai+segreti%2C+alle+legende+e+alle+curiosit%C3%A0+di+Napoli+sotterranea&amp;rft.place=Rome&amp;rft.pub=Newton+%26+Compton&amp;rft.aulast=Liccardo&amp;rft.aufirst=Giovanni&amp;rft.date=2000&amp;rft.tpages=195%E2%80%9396&amp;rft.isbn=88-8289-405-3&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ACimeti%C3%A8re+des+Fontanelle"></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Puntillo"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : italien">(it)</abbr> Eleonora <span class="nom_auteur">Puntillo</span>, <cite class="italique" lang="it">Grotte e Caverne di Napoli</cite>, Rome, Newton tascabile, <time>1994</time>, 36–37&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/88-7983-645-5" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/88-7983-645-5"><span class="nowrap">88-7983-645-5</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Grotte+e+Caverne+di+Napoli&amp;rft.place=Rome&amp;rft.pub=Newton+tascabile&amp;rft.aulast=Puntillo&amp;rft.aufirst=Eleonora&amp;rft.date=1994&amp;rft.tpages=36%E2%80%9337&amp;rft.isbn=88-7983-645-5&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ACimeti%C3%A8re+des+Fontanelle"></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Regina1994"><span class="ouvrage" id="Vincenzo_Regina1994"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : italien">(it)</abbr> Vincenzo <span class="nom_auteur">Regina</span>, <cite class="italique" lang="it">Napoli antica</cite>, Rome, Newton &amp; Compton, <time>1994</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/88-7983-647-1" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/88-7983-647-1"><span class="nowrap">88-7983-647-1</span></a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;31<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Napoli+antica&amp;rft.place=Rome&amp;rft.pub=Newton+%26+Compton&amp;rft.aulast=Regina&amp;rft.aufirst=Vincenzo&amp;rft.date=1994&amp;rft.pages=31&amp;rft.isbn=88-7983-647-1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ACimeti%C3%A8re+des+Fontanelle"></span></span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cimeti%C3%A8re_des_Fontanelle&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cimeti%C3%A8re_des_Fontanelle&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Puntillo-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Puntillo_1-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Puntillo">Puntillo</a>. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2018">«&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://amorrremio.com/cimitero-delle-fontanelle/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Cimitero delle Fontanelle&#160;: adopte une âme et fais un vœu</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique">Amore Mio</span>, amorrre.mio, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-11-18" data-sort-value="2018-11-18">18 novembre 2018</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-09-05" data-sort-value="2019-09-05">5 septembre 2019</time>)</small></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : italien">(it)</abbr> «&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fanpage.it/cultura/le-capuzzelle-e-il-culto-delle-anime-pezzentelle-lantico-legame-di-napoli-con-la-morte/"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="it">Capuzzelle e “anime pezzentelle”: il culto dei morti a Napoli è molto più antico di Halloween</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique">Fanpage</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-09-03" data-sort-value="2019-09-03">3 septembre 2019</time>)</small></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cimeti%C3%A8re_des_Fontanelle&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cimeti%C3%A8re_des_Fontanelle&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catacombes_San_Gennaro" title="Catacombes San Gennaro">Catacombes San Gennaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catacombes_San_Gaudioso" title="Catacombes San Gaudioso">Catacombes San Gaudioso</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cimeti%C3%A8re_des_Fontanelle&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cimeti%C3%A8re_des_Fontanelle&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/68wwCORKC?url=http://ac-support.europe.umuc.edu/~jmatthew/naples/Fontanella.htm">Around Naples Encyclopedia</a></li> 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