CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Template:Cite web - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )simplewikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat": "dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"3b1f7ad9-23c6-4743-8e88-1b9e8f44d537","wgCanonicalNamespace":"Template","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":10,"wgPageName":"Template:Cite_web","wgTitle":"Cite web","wgCurRevisionId":5844569,"wgRevisionId":5844569,"wgArticleId":229797,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using the JsonConfig extension","Pages transcluding nonexistent sections","Wikipedia fully protected templates","CS1 French-language sources (fr)","CS1 Greek-language sources (el)","CS1 maint: unfit URL","Templates using TemplateData","Templates used by AutoWikiBrowser","Templates based on the Citation/CS1 Lua module","Templates generating COinS","Citation Style 1 templates"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext", "wgRelevantPageName":"Template:Cite_web","wgRelevantArticleId":229797,"wgIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRestrictionEdit":["sysop"],"wgRestrictionMove":["sysop"],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":100,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q5637226","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["architecture","bitness","brands","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform", "platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.pygments":"ready","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.templateData":"ready","ext.templateData.images":"ready","jquery.tablesorter.styles":"ready","oojs-ui-core.styles":"ready","oojs-ui.styles.indicators":"ready","mediawiki.widgets.styles":"ready","oojs-ui-core.icons":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.pygments.view", "ext.cite.ux-enhancements","jquery.tablesorter","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.pygments%2CtemplateData%2CwikimediaBadges%7Cext.templateData.images%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cjquery.tablesorter.styles%7Cmediawiki.widgets.styles%7Coojs-ui-core.icons%2Cstyles%7Coojs-ui.styles.indicators%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.3"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Template:Cite web - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//simple.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//simple.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.simple"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-10 ns-subject page-Template_Cite_web rootpage-Template_Cite_web skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Getting around </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simple_start" title="About the project, what you can do, where to find things"><span>Simple start</span></a></li><li id="n-Simple-talk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simple_talk"><span>Simple talk</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="The list of new changes in the wiki. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>New changes</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Show any page [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Show any page</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="The place to get help"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us"><span>Contact us</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-simple.svg" width="101" height="18" style="width: 6.3125em; height: 1.125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_simple.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Give to Wikipedia</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Template%3ACite+web" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Template%3ACite+web" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_simple.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Give to Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Template%3ACite+web" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Template%3ACite+web" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about changes from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Usage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Usage</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Usage-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Usage subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Usage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Choosing_between_Template:cite_web_and_Template:cite_news" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Choosing_between_Template:cite_web_and_Template:cite_news"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Choosing between Template:cite web and Template:cite news</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Choosing_between_Template:cite_web_and_Template:cite_news-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Examples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Examples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Examples</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Examples-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Examples subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Using_"format="" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Using_"format=""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Using "format="</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Using_"format="-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_language_and_translated_title" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_language_and_translated_title"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Foreign language and translated title</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_language_and_translated_title-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Using_author-link" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Using_author-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Using author-link</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Using_author-link-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Multiple_authors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Multiple_authors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Multiple authors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Multiple_authors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-No_author" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#No_author"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>No author</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-No_author-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-No_author,_no_publisher" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#No_author,_no_publisher"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>No author, no publisher</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-No_author,_no_publisher-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Using_"archive-url"_and_"archive-date"_(and_optionally_"url-status")_for_webpages_that_have_been_archived" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Using_"archive-url"_and_"archive-date"_(and_optionally_"url-status")_for_webpages_that_have_been_archived"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Using "archive-url" and "archive-date" (and optionally "url-status") for webpages that have been archived</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Using_"archive-url"_and_"archive-date"_(and_optionally_"url-status")_for_webpages_that_have_been_archived-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Using_quote" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Using_quote"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>Using quote</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Using_quote-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parameters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parameters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Parameters</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Parameters-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Parameters subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Parameters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Syntax" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Syntax"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Syntax</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Syntax-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-COinS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#COinS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>COinS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-COinS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-COinS_metadata_is_created_for_these_parameters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#COinS_metadata_is_created_for_these_parameters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>COinS metadata is created for these parameters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-COinS_metadata_is_created_for_these_parameters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-What's_new" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#What's_new"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>What's new</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-What's_new-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deprecated" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deprecated"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Deprecated</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deprecated-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Description" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Description"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Description</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Authors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Authors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.1</span> <span>Authors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Authors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Title" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Title"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.2</span> <span>Title</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Title-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Date" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Date"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.3</span> <span>Date</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Date-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Website" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Website"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.4</span> <span>Website</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Website-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publisher" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publisher"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.5</span> <span>Publisher</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Publisher-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Series" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Series"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.6</span> <span>Series</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Series-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In-source_locations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In-source_locations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.7</span> <span>In-source locations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In-source_locations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-URL" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#URL"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.8</span> <span>URL</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-URL-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anchor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anchor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.9</span> <span>Anchor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anchor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Identifiers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Identifiers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.10</span> <span>Identifiers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Identifiers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Quote" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Quote"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.11</span> <span>Quote</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Quote-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Editors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Editors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.12</span> <span>Editors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Editors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lay_summary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lay_summary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.13</span> <span>Lay summary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lay_summary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Display_options" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Display_options"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.14</span> <span>Display options</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Display_options-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subscription_or_registration_required" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subscription_or_registration_required"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.15</span> <span>Subscription or registration required</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subscription_or_registration_required-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Access_indicators_for_url-holding_parameters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Access_indicators_for_url-holding_parameters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.15.1</span> <span>Access indicators for url-holding parameters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Access_indicators_for_url-holding_parameters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Access_indicator_for_named_identifiers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Access_indicator_for_named_identifiers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.15.2</span> <span>Access indicator for named identifiers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Access_indicator_for_named_identifiers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-TemplateData" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#TemplateData"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>TemplateData</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-TemplateData-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Template</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Cite web</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 292 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-292" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">292 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seunaleu%C3%ABk:Cite_web" title="Seunaleuëk:Cite web – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Seunaleuëk:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Cite_web" title="Шаблон:Cite web – Kabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Шаблон:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Adyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adyghe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_web" title="Sjabloon:Cite web – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sjabloon:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ak mw-list-item"><a href="https://ak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nhw%C9%9Bsode:Cite_web" title="Nhwɛsode:Cite web – Akan" lang="ak" hreflang="ak" data-title="Nhwɛsode:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ak:Nhwɛsode:Cite web" data-language-local-name="Akan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ak:Nhwɛsode:Cite web</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vorlage:Cite_web" title="Vorlage:Cite web – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Vorlage:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80:Cite_web" title="Ӱлекер:Cite web – Southern Altai" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Ӱлекер:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="Southern Altai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Алтай тил</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%98%E1%88%88%E1%8C%A0%E1%8D%8A%E1%8B%AB:Cite_web" title="መለጠፊያ:Cite web – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="መለጠፊያ:Cite web" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myenster:Nettik%C3%A4ldee" title="Myenster:Nettikäldee – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Myenster:Nettikäldee" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE:Cite_web" title="साँचा:Cite web – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="साँचा:Cite web" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bysen:Cite_web" title="Bysen:Cite web – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Bysen:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Cite_web" title="Ашаблон:Cite web – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Ашаблон:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8:%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A8" title="قالب:استشهاد ويب – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قالب:استشهاد ويب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantilla:Cita_web" title="Plantilla:Cita web – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Plantilla:Cita web" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A9%DC%A0%DC%92%DC%90:Cite_web" title="ܩܠܒܐ:Cite web – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܩܠܒܐ:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A1%D6%80:Cite_web" title="Կաղապար:Cite web – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Կաղապար:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod%C3%A8lo:Lim_Vou%C3%A8be" title="Modèlo:Lim Vouèbe – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Modèlo:Lim Vouèbe" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%9A:Cite_web" title="সাঁচ:Cite web – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="সাঁচ:Cite web" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant%C3%ADa:Cita_web" title="Plantía:Cita web – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Plantía:Cita web" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE:Cite_web" title="खाँचा:Cite web – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="खाँचा:Cite web" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tembiechar%C3%A3:Cite_web" title="Tembiecharã:Cite web – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tembiecharã:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF:Cite_web" title="Халип:Cite web – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Халип:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantilla:Cite_web" title="Plantilla:Cite web – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Plantilla:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Cite_web" title="Şablon:Cite web – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şablon:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86:Cite_web" title="شابلون:Cite web – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شابلون:Cite web" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal:Cite_web" title="Mal:Cite web – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Mal:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Cite_web" title="Modèle:Cite web – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Modèle:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F:%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AC_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="টেমপ্লেট:ওয়েব উদ্ধৃতি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="টেমপ্লেট:ওয়েব উদ্ধৃতি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citakan:Cite_web" title="Citakan:Cite web – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Citakan:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pang-b%C3%B4%CD%98:Cite_web" title="Pang-bô͘:Cite web – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Pang-bô͘:Cite web" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cithakan:Cite_web" title="Cithakan:Cite web – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Cithakan:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%A0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BF:Cite_web" title="Ҡалып:Cite web – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ҡалып:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Cite_web" title="Шаблон:Cite web – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Шаблон:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD:%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Шаблён:Спасылка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Шаблён:Спасылка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F:Cite_web" title="टेम्पलेट:Cite web – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="टेम्पलेट:Cite web" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantilya:Cite_web" title="Plantilya:Cite web – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Plantilya:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82_%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%B1" title="Шаблон:Цитат уеб – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Шаблон:Цитат уеб" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vorlog:Cite_web" title="Vorlog:Cite web – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Vorlog:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ablon:Cite_web" title="Šablon:Cite web – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Šablon:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrom:Cite_web" title="Patrom:Cite web – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Patrom:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80:Cite_web" title="Загбар:Cite web – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Загбар:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantilla:Ref-web" title="Plantilla:Ref-web – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Plantilla:Ref-web" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Cite_web" title="Шаблон:Cite web – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Шаблон:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantilya:Cite_web" title="Plantilya:Cite web – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Plantilya:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ablona:Citace_elektronick%C3%A9_monografie" title="Šablona:Citace elektronické monografie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Šablona:Citace elektronické monografie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Chamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="Chamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantilla:Cita_web" title="Plantilla:Cita web – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Plantilla:Cita web" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="Nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cita_web" title="Template:Cita web – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Template:Cita web" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nodyn:Cite_web" title="Nodyn:Cite web – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Nodyn:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C9%9Bmplet:Cite_web" title="Tɛmplet:Cite web – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Tɛmplet:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skabelon:Cite_web" title="Skabelon:Cite web – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Skabelon:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%8A%D9%84:%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%B9_%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A8" title="موضيل:مرجع ويب – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="موضيل:مرجع ويب" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1lle:Neahttag%C3%A1ldu" title="Málle:Neahttagáldu – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Málle:Neahttagáldu" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moddel:Cite_web" title="Moddel:Cite web – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Moddel:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vorlage:Cite_web" title="Vorlage:Cite web – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Vorlage:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8A%DE%A6%DE%82%DE%B0%DE%88%DE%A6%DE%8C%DE%B0:Cite_web" title="ފަންވަތް:Cite web – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ފަންވަތް:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%9Bed%C5%82oga:Cite_web" title="Pśedłoga:Cite web – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Pśedłoga:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE:Cite_web" title="ढाँचा:Cite web – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="ढाँचा:Cite web" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="Dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mall:Cite_web" title="Mall:Cite web – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mall:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%84%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF:Cite_web" title="Πρότυπο:Cite web – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πρότυπο:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%86%D1%83%D0%BD:Cite_web" title="ЛопаПарцун:Cite web – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="ЛопаПарцун:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantilla:Cita_web" title="Plantilla:Cita web – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Plantilla:Cita web" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Cablono:Cita%C4%B5o_el_la_reto" title="Ŝablono:Citaĵo el la reto – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ŝablono:Citaĵo el la reto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prantilla:Cite_web" title="Prantilla:Cite web – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Prantilla:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Txantiloi:Cite_web" title="Txantiloi:Cite web – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Txantiloi:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gur mw-list-item"><a href="https://gur.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C9%9Bmpileti:Cite_web" title="Tɛmpileti:Cite web – Frafra" lang="gur" hreflang="gur" data-title="Tɛmpileti:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Farefare" data-language-local-name="Frafra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Farefare</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%AF%D9%88:Cite_web" title="الگو:Cite web – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="الگو:Cite web" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citeweb" title="Template:Citeweb – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Template:Citeweb" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyrimynd:Cite_web" title="Fyrimynd:Cite web – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Fyrimynd:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Lien_web" title="Modèle:Lien web – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Modèle:Lien web" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berjocht:Cite_web" title="Berjocht:Cite web – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Berjocht:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model:Cite_web" title="Model:Cite web – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Model:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teimpl%C3%A9ad:Cite_web-en" title="Teimpléad:Cite web-en – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Teimpléad:Cite web-en" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clowan:Cite_web" title="Clowan:Cite web – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Clowan:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Cite_web" title="Şablon:Cite web – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Şablon:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teamplaid:Iomradh_l%C3%ACon" title="Teamplaid:Iomradh lìon – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Teamplaid:Iomradh lìon" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modelo:Cita_web" title="Modelo:Cita web – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Modelo:Cita web" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE:Cite_web" title="Ло:Cite web – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Ло:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF:Cite_web" title="模板:Cite web – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="模板:Cite web" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8:Cite_web" title="قالب:Cite web – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="قالب:Cite web" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A2%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%9A%E0%AB%8B:Cite_web" title="ઢાંચો:Cite web – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ઢાંચો:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8B:Cite_web" title="सांचो:Cite web – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="सांचो:Cite web" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guw mw-list-item"><a href="https://guw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohia:Cite_web" title="Ohia:Cite web – Gun" lang="guw" hreflang="guw" data-title="Ohia:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Gungbe" data-language-local-name="Gun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gungbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF:Cite_web" title="模板:Cite web – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="模板:Cite web" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80:Cite_web" title="Кевләр:Cite web – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Кевләр:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EC%9B%B9_%EC%9D%B8%EC%9A%A9" title="틀:웹 인용 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="틀:웹 인용" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samfuri:Cite_web" title="Samfuri:Cite web – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Samfuri:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anakuhi:Cite_web" title="Anakuhi:Cite web – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Anakuhi:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A1%D6%80:Cite_web" title="Կաղապար:Cite web – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կաղապար:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE:Cite_web" title="साँचा:Cite web – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="साँचा:Cite web" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%99ed%C5%82oha:Cite_web" title="Předłoha:Cite web – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Předłoha:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Citiranje_weba" title="Predložak:Citiranje weba – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Predložak:Citiranje weba" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templat:Cite_web" title="Templat:Cite web – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Templat:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shablono:Cite_web" title="Shablono:Cite web – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Shablono:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templeeti:Cite_web" title="Templeeti:Cite web – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Templeeti:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantilia:Cite_web" title="Plantilia:Cite web – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Plantilia:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2:Cite_web" title="মডেল:Cite web – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মডেল:Cite web" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templat:Cite_web" title="Templat:Cite web – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Templat:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrono:Cite_web" title="Patrono:Cite web – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Patrono:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avise:Cite_web" title="Avise:Cite web – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Avise:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Inuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="Inuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%8B%D0%B7%C3%A6%D0%B3:Cite_web" title="Хуызæг:Cite web – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Хуызæг:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/iThemplethi:Cite_web" title="iThemplethi:Cite web – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="iThemplethi:Cite web" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sni%C3%B0:Cite_web" title="Snið:Cite web – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Snið:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cita_web" title="Template:Cita web – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Template:Cita web" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA:Cite_web" title="תבנית:Cite web – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תבנית:Cite web" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cithakan:Cite_web" title="Cithakan:Cite web – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Cithakan:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%81:Cite_web" title="ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟು:Cite web – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟು:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Cite_web" title="Шаблон:Cite web – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Шаблон:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%98:Cite_web" title="თარგი:Cite web – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="თარგი:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7:%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A8_%D8%AD%D9%8E%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%81%D9%95" title="فرما:ویب حَوالہٕ – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="فرما:ویب حَوالہٕ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%96:Cite_web" title="Үлгі:Cite web – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Үлгі:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skantlyn:Cite_web" title="Skantlyn:Cite web – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Skantlyn:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inyandikorugero:Cite_web" title="Inyandikorugero:Cite web – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Inyandikorugero:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingero:Cite_web" title="Ingero:Cite web – Rundi" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Ingero:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Ikirundi" data-language-local-name="Rundi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikirundi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_web" title="Kigezo:Cite web – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kigezo:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod%C3%A8l:Cite_web" title="Modèl:Cite web – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Modèl:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:J%C3%AAder-malper" title="Şablon:Jêder-malper – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Şablon:Jêder-malper" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BF:Cite_web" title="Калып:Cite web – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Калып:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xabl%C3%B3n:Cita_web" title="Xablón:Cita web – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Xablón:Cita web" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Cite_web" title="Шаблон:Cite web – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Шаблон:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BB%88%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%9A:Cite_web" title="ແມ່ແບບ:Cite web – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ແມ່ແບບ:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formula:Cite_web" title="Formula:Cite web – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Formula:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veidne:T%C4%ABmek%C4%BCa_atsauce" title="Veidne:Tīmekļa atsauce – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Veidne:Tīmekļa atsauce" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schabloun:Cite_web" title="Schabloun:Cite web – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Schabloun:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Cite_web" title="Шаблон:Cite web – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Шаблон:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ablonas:Cite_web" title="Šablonas:Cite web – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šablonas:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templat:Cite_web" title="Templat:Cite web – Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Templat:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:%C3%87itta_web" title="Template:Çitta web – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Template:Çitta web" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_web" title="Sjabloon:Cite web – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Sjabloon:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Cite_web" title="Modèle:Cite web – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Modèle:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model:Cite_web" title="Model:Cite web – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Model:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/termo%27a:cite_web" title="termo'a:cite web – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="termo'a:cite web" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modell:Cite_web" title="Modell:Cite web – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Modell:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sablon:Cite_web" title="Sablon:Cite web – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sablon:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A8%E1%B9%ADa%27an:Cite_web" title="Cèṭa'an:Cite web – Madurese" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Cèṭa'an:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madurese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF:Cite_web" title="आकृति:Cite web – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="आकृति:Cite web" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Предлошка:Наведена мрежна страница – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Предлошка:Наведена мрежна страница" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endrika:Cite_web" title="Endrika:Cite web – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Endrika:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:Cite_web" title="ഫലകം:Cite web – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഫലകം:Cite web" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudell:%C4%8Aita_web" title="Mudell:Ċita web – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Mudell:Ċita web" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%B3_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A4" title="साचा:संकेतस्थळ स्रोत – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="साचा:संकेतस्थळ स्रोत" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%98:Cite_web" title="თარგი:Cite web – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="თარგი:Cite web" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8:%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%B9_%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A8" title="قالب:مرجع ويب – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="قالب:مرجع ويب" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%91%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA:Cite_web" title="ထာမ်ပလိက်:Cite web – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ထာမ်ပလိက်:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86:Cite_web" title="شابلون:Cite web – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="شابلون:Cite web" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templat:Cite_web" title="Templat:Cite web – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Templat:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Cite_web" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Cite web – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templat:Cite_web" title="Templat:Cite web – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Templat:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF:Cite_web" title="模板:Cite web – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="模板:Cite web" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modelo:Citar_web" title="Modelo:Citar web – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Modelo:Citar web" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Cite_web" title="Шаблон:Cite web – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Шаблон:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80:Cite_web" title="Загвар:Cite web – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Загвар:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA:Cite_web" title="တမ်းပလိတ်:Cite web – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တမ်းပလိတ်:Cite web" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemachiy%C5%8Dt%C4%ABlli:Cite_web" title="Nemachiyōtīlli:Cite web – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Nemachiyōtīlli:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templet:Cite_web" title="Templet:Cite web – Nigerian Pidgin" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Templet:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="Nigerian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Naijá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjabloon:Citeer_web" title="Sjabloon:Citeer web – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sjabloon:Citeer web" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal:Citeer_web" title="Mal:Citeer web – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Mal:Citeer web" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE:Cite_web" title="ढाँचा:Cite web – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ढाँचा:Cite web" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modello:Cita_web" title="Modello:Cita web – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Modello:Cita web" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%9E%DF%99%DF%8A%DF%9E%DF%8F:Cite_web" title="ߞߙߊߞߏ:Cite web – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߞߙߊߞߏ:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BF:Cite_web" title="Кеп:Cite web – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Кеп:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vorlage:Cite_web_%C3%B6%C3%B6mrang" title="Vorlage:Cite web öömrang – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Vorlage:Cite web öömrang" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal:Kilde_www" title="Mal:Kilde www – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mal:Kilde www" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal:Kjelde_www" title="Mal:Kjelde www – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mal:Kjelde www" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod%C3%A8l:Ref-web" title="Modèl:Ref-web – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Modèl:Ref-web" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80:Cite_web" title="Кышкар:Cite web – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Кышкар:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%9B%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%9E%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9A:Cite_web" title="ଛାଞ୍ଚ:Cite web – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଛାଞ୍ଚ:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andoza:Veb_manbasi" title="Andoza:Veb manbasi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Andoza:Veb manbasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE:Cite_web" title="ਫਰਮਾ:Cite web – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਫਰਮਾ:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AA:Cite_web" title="पटिरूप:Cite web – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="पटिरूप:Cite web" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vorlach:Cite_web" title="Vorlach:Cite web – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Vorlach:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masalipa:Cite_web" title="Masalipa:Cite web – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Masalipa:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%86%DB%81:Cite_web" title="سانچہ:Cite web – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سانچہ:Cite web" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B1%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA:Cite_web" title="တမ်းပလေက်:Cite web – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="တမ်းပလေက်:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%89%DB%8D:%D9%88%DB%90%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%87" title="کينډۍ:وېب سرچينه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کينډۍ:وېب سرچينه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Cite_web" title="Шаблон:Cite web – Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Шаблон:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%82%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%BC:Cite_web" title="ទំព័រគំរូ:Cite web – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ទំព័រគំរូ:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamp:Cit%C3%A9_la_Ragn%C3%A0" title="Stamp:Cité la Ragnà – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Stamp:Cité la Ragnà" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templet:Cite_web" title="Templet:Cite web – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Templet:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B6rlaag:Cite_web" title="Vörlaag:Cite web – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Vörlaag:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szablon:Cytuj_stron%C4%99" title="Szablon:Cytuj stronę – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Szablon:Cytuj stronę" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%84%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BD:Cite_web" title="Πρότυπον:Cite web – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Πρότυπον:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Citar_web" title="Predefinição:Citar web – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Predefinição:Citar web" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Algi:Web_deregi" title="Úlgi:Web deregi – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Úlgi:Web deregi" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Cite_web" title="Şablon:Cite web – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Şablon:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Format:Citat_web" title="Format:Citat web – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Format:Citat web" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model:Cite_web" title="Model:Cite web – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Model:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantilla:Cite_web" title="Plantilla:Cite web – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Plantilla:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0:Cite_web" title="Шаблона:Cite web – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Шаблона:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Cite_web" title="Шаблон:Cite web – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шаблон:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%8B%D0%BF:Cite_web" title="Халыып:Cite web – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Халыып:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D:Cite_web" title="फलकम्:Cite web – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="फलकम्:Cite web" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AA%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%AA:Cite_web" title="ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Cite web – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%86%DB%81:%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%81_%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A8" title="سانچہ:حوالہ ویب – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="سانچہ:حوالہ ویب" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Tzita_web" title="Template:Tzita web – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Template:Tzita web" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foarloage:Cite_web" title="Foarloage:Cite web – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Foarloage:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Southern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tempolete:Cite_web" title="Tempolete:Cite web – Tswana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Tempolete:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="Tswana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stampa:Cite_web" title="Stampa:Cite web – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Stampa:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cita_web" title="Template:Cita web – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Template:Cita web" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD:%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%83_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%8A" title="සැකිල්ල:උපන්‍යාස වෙබ් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සැකිල්ල:උපන්‍යාස වෙබ්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%86%D9%88:%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88_%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A8" title="سانچو:حوالو ويب – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سانچو:حوالو ويب" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/iThempleti:Cite_web" title="iThempleti:Cite web – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="iThempleti:Cite web" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0abl%C3%B3na:Cit%C3%A1cia_elektronick%C3%A9ho_dokumentu" title="Šablóna:Citácia elektronického dokumentu – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Šablóna:Citácia elektronického dokumentu" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predloga:Navedi_splet" title="Predloga:Navedi splet – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Predloga:Navedi splet" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muster:Cytuj_str%C5%8Dn%C3%A3" title="Muster:Cytuj strōnã – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Muster:Cytuj strōnã" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%DA%95%DB%8E%DA%98%DB%95:Cite_web" title="داڕێژە:Cite web – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="داڕێژە:Cite web" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankra:Cite_web" title="Ankra:Cite web – Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Ankra:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Cite_web" title="Шаблон:Cite web – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Шаблон:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ablon:Cite_web" title="Šablon:Cite web – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Šablon:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citakan:Cite_web" title="Citakan:Cite web – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Citakan:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malline:Verkkoviite" title="Malline:Verkkoviite – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Malline:Verkkoviite" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mall:Cite_web" title="Mall:Cite web – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mall:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padron:Cite_web" title="Padron:Cite web – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Padron:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81:Cite_web" title="வார்ப்புரு:Cite web – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வார்ப்புரு:Cite web" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tal%C9%A3a:Cite_web" title="Talɣa:Cite web – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Talɣa:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tal%C9%A3a:Cite_Web" title="Talɣa:Cite Web – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Talɣa:Cite Web" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cita_web" title="Template:Cita web – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Template:Cita web" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BF:Cite_web" title="Калып:Cite web – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Калып:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%91%E1%82%85%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B5%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89:Cite_web" title="ထႅမ်းပလဵတ်ႉ:Cite web – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ထႅမ်းပလဵတ်ႉ:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Cite_web" title="మూస:Cite web – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మూస:Cite web" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Cite_web" title="แม่แบบ:Cite web – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แม่แบบ:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macu%C3%ABc:Cite_web" title="Macuëc:Cite web – Dinka" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Macuëc:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="Dinka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%9E%E1%8B%B0%E1%88%8D:Cite_web" title="ሞደል:Cite web – Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ሞደል:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Cite_web" title="Шаблон:Cite web – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Шаблон:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ve mw-list-item"><a href="https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Venda" lang="ve" hreflang="ve" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Tshivenda" data-language-local-name="Venda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tshivenda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D:Cite_web" title="ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Cite web – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Web_kayna%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Şablon:Web kaynağı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Şablon:Web kaynağı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Cite_web" title="Şablon:Cite web – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Şablon:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nhw%C9%9Bso%C9%94:Cite_web" title="Nhwɛsoɔ:Cite web – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Nhwɛsoɔ:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Cite_web" title="Шаблон:Cite web – Tuvinian" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Шаблон:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Cite_web" title="Шаблон:Cite web – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Шаблон:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templat:Cite_web" title="Templat:Cite web – Buginese" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="Templat:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="Buginese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Cite_web" title="Шаблон:Cite web – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шаблон:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%86%DB%81:%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%81_%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A8" title="سانچہ:حوالہ ویب – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سانچہ:حوالہ ویب" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%DB%90%D9%84%D9%89%D9%BE:Cite_web" title="قېلىپ:Cite web – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="قېلىپ:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF:Cite_web" title="模板:Cite web – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="模板:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mode%C5%82o:Cite_web" title="Modeło:Cite web – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Modeło:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ablon:Cite_web" title="Šablon:Cite web – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Šablon:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu:Ch%C3%BA_th%C3%ADch_web" title="Bản mẫu:Chú thích web – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bản mẫu:Chú thích web" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samafomot:Cite_web" title="Samafomot:Cite web – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Samafomot:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF:%E5%BC%95%E7%B6%B2" title="模板:引網 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="模板:引網" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batakan:Cite_web" title="Batakan:Cite web – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Batakan:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royuwaay:Cite_web" title="Royuwaay:Cite web – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Royuwaay:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A8:%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%99%D7%92%D7%98_%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%91" title="מוסטער:צייגט וועב – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מוסטער:צייגט וועב" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80d%C3%A0k%E1%BB%8D:Cite_web" title="Àdàkọ:Cite web – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àdàkọ:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:%E5%BC%95%E7%B6%B2" title="Template:引網 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Template:引網" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Cite_web" title="Şablon:Cite web – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Şablon:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0abluons:Cite_web" title="Šabluons:Cite web – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Šabluons:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Template:Cite web" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templat:Cite_web" title="Templat:Cite web – Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Templat:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sablonan:Cite_web" title="Sablonan:Cite web – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Sablonan:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templat:Cite_web" title="Templat:Cite web – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Templat:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templat:Cite_web" title="Templat:Cite web – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Templat:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templat:Cite_web" title="Templat:Cite web – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Templat:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rsk mw-list-item"><a href="https://rsk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Cite_web" title="Шаблон:Cite web – Pannonian Rusyn" lang="rsk" hreflang="rsk" data-title="Шаблон:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Руски" data-language-local-name="Pannonian Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Руски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tdd mw-list-item"><a href="https://tdd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A5%97%E1%A5%A6%E1%A5%9B%E1%A5%B0_%E1%A5%99%E1%A5%A3_%E1%A5%98%E1%A5%A5%E1%A5%90%E1%A5%B3:Cite_web" title="ᥗᥦᥛᥰ ᥙᥣ ᥘᥥᥐᥳ:Cite web – Tai Nuea" lang="tdd" hreflang="tdd" data-title="ᥗᥦᥛᥰ ᥙᥣ ᥘᥥᥐᥳ:Cite web" data-language-autonym="ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ" data-language-local-name="Tai Nuea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numun%C9%99:Cite_web" title="Numunə:Cite web – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Numunə:Cite web" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%93%E2%B4%B9:%E2%B4%B1%E2%B4%B7%E2%B5%94_%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A1%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%B1" title="ⴰⵍⴱⵓⴹ:ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵍⴱⵓⴹ:ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5637226#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Change links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-template" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="View the template [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Template</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cite_web" rel="discussion" title="Discussion about the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-viewsource" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_web&action=edit" title="This page is protected.
You can view its source [e]" accesskey="e"><span>View source</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_web&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-viewsource" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_web&action=edit"><span>View source</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_web&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Template:Cite_web" title="A list of all wiki pages that link here [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Template:Cite_web" rel="nofollow" title="New changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_web&oldid=5844569" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_web&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTemplate%3ACite_web"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTemplate%3ACite_web"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Template%3ACite_web&action=show-download-screen"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Page for printing</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-foundation mw-list-item"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Foundation Governance Wiki</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-meta mw-list-item"><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" hreflang="en"><span>Meta-Wiki</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" hreflang="en"><span>Wikispecies</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikidata mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" hreflang="en"><span>Wikidata</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikiquote.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web" hreflang="en-simple"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wiktionary mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:cite_web" hreflang="en-simple"><span>Wiktionary</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5637226" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-default" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#full" title="This high-risk template is permanently protected to prevent vandalism"><img alt="Permanently protected template" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Full-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Full-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Full-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Full-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Full-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Full-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724233">.mw-parser-output .documentation,.mw-parser-output .documentation-metadata{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:#ecfcf4;clear:both}.mw-parser-output .documentation{margin:1em 0 0 0;padding:1em}.mw-parser-output .documentation-metadata{margin:0.2em 0;font-style:italic;padding:0.4em 1em}.mw-parser-output .documentation-startbox{padding-bottom:3px;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;margin-bottom:1ex}.mw-parser-output .documentation-heading{font-weight:bold;font-size:125%}.mw-parser-output .documentation-clear{clear:both}.mw-parser-output .documentation-toolbar{font-style:normal;font-size:85%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .documentation,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .documentation-metadata{background-color:#0b1e1c}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .documentation,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .documentation-metadata{background-color:#0b1e1c}}</style><div class="documentation-container" role="complementary" aria-labelledby="documentation-heading"> <div class="documentation"> <div class="documentation-startbox"> <span class="documentation-heading" id="documentation-heading"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/50px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/75px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/100px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1792" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> Template documentation</span><span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks">[<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web/doc" title="Template:Cite web/doc">view</a>] [<a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cite_web/doc" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cite web/doc">edit</a>] [<a href="/wiki/Special:PageHistory/Template:Cite_web/doc" title="Special:PageHistory/Template:Cite web/doc">history</a>] [<a href="/wiki/Special:Purge/Template:Cite_web" title="Special:Purge/Template:Cite web">purge</a>]</span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724267">.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}</style><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Warning" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Ambox_warning_orange.svg/40px-Ambox_warning_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Ambox_warning_orange.svg/60px-Ambox_warning_orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Ambox_warning_orange.svg/80px-Ambox_warning_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="378" data-file-height="326" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><b>This template is used on <a class="external text" href="https://linkcount.toolforge.org/?project=simple.wikipedia.org&page=Template%3ACite+web#transclusions">100,000+ pages</a></b>.<br /> To avoid major disruption and server load, any changes should be tested in the template's <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_web/sandbox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Cite web/sandbox (not yet started)">/sandbox</a> or <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_web/testcases&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Cite web/testcases (not yet started)">/testcases</a> subpages, or in your own <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_pages#SUB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:User pages">user subpage</a>. The tested changes can be added to this page in a single edit. Consider discussing changes on the <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cite_web" title="Template talk:Cite web">talk page</a> before implementing them.</td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724267"><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/AWB_logo_draft.png/44px-AWB_logo_draft.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/AWB_logo_draft.png/66px-AWB_logo_draft.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/AWB_logo_draft.png/88px-AWB_logo_draft.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="146" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text">This template is used by the standard installation of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser" title="Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser">AutoWikiBrowser</a> (AWB). If you are planning to make changes to this template, how it should be used, or nominate it for deletion, please notify AWB's user base and maintainers beforehand at <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:AutoWikiBrowser" title="Wikipedia talk:AutoWikiBrowser">Wikipedia talk:AWB</a> as a courtesy.</td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724267"><table class="plainlinks ombox mbox-small ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Lua-Logo.svg/30px-Lua-Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Lua-Logo.svg/45px-Lua-Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Lua-Logo.svg/60px-Lua-Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="947" data-file-height="947" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text">This template uses <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua">Lua</a>: <div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Citation/CS1" title="Module:Citation/CS1">Module:Citation/CS1</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9689576">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title"><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Citation Style 1</a> templates</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_arXiv" title="Template:Cite arXiv">Cite arXiv</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%"><a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a> preprints</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_AV_media" title="Template:Cite AV media">Cite AV media</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">audio and visual media</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_AV_media_notes" title="Template:Cite AV media notes">Cite AV media notes</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">AV media liner notes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_bioRxiv" title="Template:Cite bioRxiv">Cite bioRxiv</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=BioRxiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BioRxiv (not yet started)">bioRxiv</a> preprints</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">Cite book</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">books and chapters</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_CiteSeerX" title="Template:Cite CiteSeerX">Cite CiteSeerX</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=CiteSeerX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CiteSeerX (not yet started)">CiteSeerX</a> papers</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_conference" title="Template:Cite conference">Cite conference</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">conference papers</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">Cite encyclopedia</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">edited collections</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_episode" title="Template:Cite episode">Cite episode</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">radio or TV episodes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_interview" title="Template:Cite interview">Cite interview</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">interviews</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">Cite journal</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">academic journals</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_magazine" title="Template:Cite magazine">Cite magazine</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">magazines, periodicals</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_mailing_list" title="Template:Cite mailing list">Cite mailing list</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">public mailing lists</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_map" title="Template:Cite map">Cite map</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">maps</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">Cite news</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">news articles</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_newsgroup" title="Template:Cite newsgroup">Cite newsgroup</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">online newsgroups</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_podcast" title="Template:Cite podcast">Cite podcast</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">podcasts</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_press_release" title="Template:Cite press release">Cite press release</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">press releases</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_report" title="Template:Cite report">Cite report</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">reports</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_serial" title="Template:Cite serial">Cite serial</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">audio or video serials</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_sign" title="Template:Cite sign">Cite sign</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">signs, plaques</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_speech" title="Template:Cite speech">Cite speech</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">speeches</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_ssrn" title="Template:Cite ssrn">Cite ssrn</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Science_Research_Network&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Social Science Research Network (not yet started)">SSRN</a> papers</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_techreport" title="Template:Cite techreport">Cite techreport</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">technical reports</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_thesis" title="Template:Cite thesis">Cite thesis</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">theses</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cite web</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%">web sources not covered by the above</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%; font-size:85%">See also</th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size:85%"><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Citation_Style_1_specific-source_templates" title="Category:Citation Style 1 specific-source templates">Specific-source templates</a></i></span><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Category:Citation_templates_that_wrap_CS1_templates" title="Category:Citation templates that wrap CS1 templates">Wrapper templates</a></i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-navbar"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9122447">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_Style_documentation/cs1" title="Template:Citation Style documentation/cs1"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Citation_Style_documentation/cs1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Citation Style documentation/cs1 (not yet started)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Citation_Style_documentation/cs1&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>This <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Citation Style 1</a> template is used to create <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CITE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CITE">citations</a> for web sources that are not characterized by another CS1 template. Do not use this template in the "Other websites" section of articles. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage">Usage</h2></div> <p>Copy a blank version to use. Almost all parameter names are supported only in lower case (some initialisms, such as <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|isbn=</code> have upper-case aliases like <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|ISBN=</code>, which are acceptable for use). Use the "|" (pipe) character between each parameter. Unused parameters may be deleted to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples on this documentation page may include the current date. If the date is not current, then <span class="noprint plainlinks purgelink"><a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_web&action=purge"><span title="Purge this page">purge</span></a></span> the page. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="width: 100%"> <caption>Most commonly used parameters in horizontal format </caption> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <td> <p>For references with author credit </p> <dl><dd><code>{{cite web |url= |title= |last= |first= |date= |website= |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}</code></dd></dl> <p>For references without author credit </p> <dl><dd><code>{{cite web |url= |title= |author= |date= |website= |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}</code></dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="width: 30em"> <caption>Most commonly used parameters in vertical format </caption> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <td> <pre style="margin:0px; border:none; white-space:pre;">{{cite web |url= |title= |last= |first= |date= |website= |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}} </pre> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="width: 100%"> <caption>Full parameter set in horizontal format </caption> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <td> <dl><dd><code>{{cite web |url= |url-access= |title= |last= |first= |author= |author-link= |last2= |first2= |author2= |author-link2= |date= |year= |orig-date= |editor-last= |editor-first= |editor= |editor-link= |editor-last2= |editor-first2= |editor-link2= |editors= |department= |website= |series= |publisher= |agency= |location= |page= |pages= |at= |language= |script-title= |trans-title= |type= |format= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |doi= |doi-broken-date= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |osti= |pmc= |pmid= |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |access-date= |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |via= |quote= |ref= |postscript=}}</code></dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Full parameter set in vertical format </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Vertical list</th> <th>Prerequisites</th> <th>Brief instructions / notes </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <td> <pre style="margin:0px; border:none; white-space:pre;">{{cite web |url= |url-access= |title= |last= |first= |author-link= |last2= |first2= |author-link2= |date= |year= |orig-date= |editor-last= |editor-first= |editor-link= |editor2-last= |editor2-first= |editor2-link= |department= |website= |series= |publisher= |agency= |location= |page= |pages= |at= |language= |script-title= |trans-title= |type= |format= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |doi= |doi-broken-date= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |osti= |pmc= |pmid= |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |access-date= |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |via= |quote= |ref= |postscript=}} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <pre style="margin:0px; border:none; white-space:pre;">          last   last last2           editor-last   editor-last editor2-last                                                                       url  url  url, archive-date archive-url             </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <pre style="margin:0px; border:none; white-space:pre;">  required   required                                                                                                                       </pre> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li>If a field name is listed in the <b>Prerequisites</b> column, it is a prerequisite for the field to the left.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Choosing_between_Template:cite_web_and_Template:cite_news">Choosing between <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Template:cite web</a> and <a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">Template:cite news</a></h3></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="Consistency"></span> Before 2014, editors had to decide whether to use <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">cite web</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> or <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> based on their features. In 2014, <em>most of</em> the differences between the two templates were eliminated. </p><p>As of <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Module:Citation/CS1&diff=732205428&oldid=723907342">29 July 2016</a></span>, <span class="nowrap">{{cite web}}</span> and <span class="nowrap">{{cite news}}</span> have the following differences: </p> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{cite news}}</span> can be used for <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:OFFLINE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:OFFLINE (not yet started)">offline</a> (paper) sources whereas <span class="nowrap">{{cite web}}</span> generates a missing URL error when no URL is provided</li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{cite news}}</span> accepts <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|issue=</code> and <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|volume=</code> parameters while <span class="nowrap">{{cite web}}</span> does not (See <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1#Pages" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Help:Citation Style 1 § Pages</a>; see also <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_magazine" title="Template:Cite magazine">cite magazine</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>).</li></ul> <p>But given the same set of valid parameters, their output is exactly the same: </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td><b>cite web</b>:</td> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSilverman2011" class="citation web cs1">Silverman, Dwight (July 15, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.chron.com/techblog/2011/07/microsoft-envisions-a-universal-os-but-it-might-not-be-called-windows/">"Microsoft envisions a universal OS, but it might not be called Windows"</a>. <i>Houston Chronicle</i>. Hearst Corporation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 26,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Houston+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Microsoft+envisions+a+universal+OS%2C+but+it+might+not+be+called+Windows&rft.date=2011-07-15&rft.aulast=Silverman&rft.aufirst=Dwight&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.chron.com%2Ftechblog%2F2011%2F07%2Fmicrosoft-envisions-a-universal-os-but-it-might-not-be-called-windows%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>cite news</b>:</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFSilverman2011" class="citation news cs1">Silverman, Dwight (July 15, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.chron.com/techblog/2011/07/microsoft-envisions-a-universal-os-but-it-might-not-be-called-windows/">"Microsoft envisions a universal OS, but it might not be called Windows"</a>. <i>Houston Chronicle</i>. Hearst Corporation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 26,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Houston+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Microsoft+envisions+a+universal+OS%2C+but+it+might+not+be+called+Windows&rft.date=2011-07-15&rft.aulast=Silverman&rft.aufirst=Dwight&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.chron.com%2Ftechblog%2F2011%2F07%2Fmicrosoft-envisions-a-universal-os-but-it-might-not-be-called-windows%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2></div> <ul><li><code>{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |last=Doe |first=John |publisher=Open Publishing |date=April 30, 2005 |website=Encyclopedia of Things |access-date=November 18, 2024}}</code></li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFDoe2005" class="citation web cs1">Doe, John (April 30, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.example.org/">"My Favorite Things, Part II"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of Things</i>. Open Publishing<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 18,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+of+Things&rft.atitle=My+Favorite+Things%2C+Part+II&rft.date=2005-04-30&rft.aulast=Doe&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.example.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span></dd></dl> <ul><li><code>{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |last=Doe |first=John |date=30 April 2005 |website=Encyclopedia of Things |access-date=18 November 2024}}</code></li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFDoe2005" class="citation web cs1">Doe, John (30 April 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.example.org/">"My Favorite Things, Part II"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of Things</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+of+Things&rft.atitle=My+Favorite+Things%2C+Part+II&rft.date=2005-04-30&rft.aulast=Doe&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.example.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span></dd></dl> <ul><li><code>{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |last=Doe |first=John |date=2005-04-30 |access-date=2024-11-18}}</code></li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFDoe2005" class="citation web cs1">Doe, John (2005-04-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.example.org/">"My Favorite Things, Part II"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=My+Favorite+Things%2C+Part+II&rft.date=2005-04-30&rft.aulast=Doe&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.example.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span></dd></dl> <ul><li><code>{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |last=Doe |first=John |access-date=18 November 2024}}</code></li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFDoe" class="citation web cs1">Doe, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.example.org/">"My Favorite Things, Part II"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=My+Favorite+Things%2C+Part+II&rft.aulast=Doe&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.example.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span></dd></dl> <ul><li><code>{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |access-date=2024-11-18}}</code></li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.example.org/">"My Favorite Things, Part II"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=My+Favorite+Things%2C+Part+II&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.example.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span></dd></dl> <ul><li><code>{{cite web |url=https://operations.nfl.com/the-rules/nfl-rules-digest/ |title=NFL Rules Digest |website=NFL Football Operations |publisher=[[National Football League]] |access-date=November 18, 2024}}</code></li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://operations.nfl.com/the-rules/nfl-rules-digest/">"NFL Rules Digest"</a>. <i>NFL Football Operations</i>. <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 18,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NFL+Football+Operations&rft.atitle=NFL+Rules+Digest&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foperations.nfl.com%2Fthe-rules%2Fnfl-rules-digest%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Using_"format=""><span id="Using_.22format.3D.22"></span>Using "format="</h3></div> <p>When this template detects a link whose URL includes an <a href="/wiki/Filename_extension" class="mw-redirect" title="Filename extension">extension</a> of ".pdf" or ".PDF", typical of <a href="/wiki/PDF" class="mw-redirect" title="PDF">PDF</a> files, it automatically displays a PDF icon after the link (regardless of whether the link goes to a PDF file or to an HTML landing page, typical of paysites). It also internally acts as if <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|format=PDF</code> had been specified, which displays " (PDF)" after the icon. (In this case, an explicit <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|format=PDF</code> parameter would be redundant, so it <i>is not</i> recommended to add it. Users may remove it. Citation bot, when invoked, will remove it. (<a href="/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Citation_bot/Archive_13&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="User talk:Citation bot/Archive 13 (not yet started)">ref</a>)) </p> <div style="width:auto; overflow:scroll"> <ul><li><code>{{cite web |url=http://www.indiapost.gov.in/Pdf/Customs/List_of_Psychotropic_Substances.pdf |title=List of psychotropic substances under international control |publisher=International Narcotics Control Board |access-date=18 November 2024}}</code></li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indiapost.gov.in/Pdf/Customs/List_of_Psychotropic_Substances.pdf">"List of psychotropic substances under international control"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. International Narcotics Control Board<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=List+of+psychotropic+substances+under+international+control&rft.pub=International+Narcotics+Control+Board&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiapost.gov.in%2FPdf%2FCustoms%2FList_of_Psychotropic_Substances.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span></dd></dl> </div> <p>If the link is to a PDF file that <i>is not</i> automatically recognizable by its extension, this template does not display the PDF icon. You may add the parameter <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|format=PDF</code>, which displays " (PDF)" after the link. </p> <div style="width:auto; overflow:scroll"> <ul><li><code>{{cite web |url=http://www.sample.com/somePDFdocument.000 |title=Some PDF Document |publisher=Sample Int'l |format=PDF |access-date=18 November 2024}}</code></li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sample.com/somePDFdocument.000">"Some PDF Document"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Sample Int'l<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Some+PDF+Document&rft.pub=Sample+Int%27l&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sample.com%2FsomePDFdocument.000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span></dd></dl> </div> <p>For links to files in other formats, no icon is displayed. For example, for an <a href="/w/index.php?title=.odt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".odt (not yet started)">.odt</a> file, you may add the parameter <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|format=ODT</code>, which displays " (ODT)" after the link. </p> <div style="width:auto; overflow:scroll"> <ul><li><code>{{cite web |url=http://www.sample.com/someODTdocument.odt |title=Some ODT Document |publisher=Sample Int'l |format=ODT |access-date=18 November 2024}}</code></li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sample.com/someODTdocument.odt">"Some ODT Document"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(ODT)</span>. Sample Int'l<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Some+ODT+Document&rft.pub=Sample+Int%27l&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sample.com%2FsomeODTdocument.odt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span></dd></dl> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_language_and_translated_title">Foreign language and translated title</h3></div> <ul><li><code>{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Honi soit qui mal y pense |last=Joliet |first=François |date=30 April 2005 |access-date=18 November 2024 |language=fr |trans-title=Shame on those who think evil of it}}</code></li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFJoliet2005" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Joliet, François (30 April 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.example.org/">"Honi soit qui mal y pense"</a> [Shame on those who think evil of it] (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Honi+soit+qui+mal+y+pense&rft.date=2005-04-30&rft.aulast=Joliet&rft.aufirst=Fran%C3%A7ois&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.example.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Using_author-link">Using author-link</h3></div> <ul><li><code>{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |last=Doe |first=John |author-link=John Doe |publisher=Open Publishing |date=April 30, 2005 |website=Encyclopedia of Things |access-date=November 18, 2024}}</code></li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFDoe2005" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Doe" title="John Doe">Doe, John</a> (April 30, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.example.org/">"My Favorite Things, Part II"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of Things</i>. Open Publishing<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 18,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+of+Things&rft.atitle=My+Favorite+Things%2C+Part+II&rft.date=2005-04-30&rft.aulast=Doe&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.example.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Multiple_authors">Multiple authors</h3></div> <ul><li><code>{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Our Favourite Things |last1=Doe |first1=John |last2=Smith |first2=Peter |last3=Smythe |first3=Jim |publisher=Open Publishing |date=30 April 2005 |website=Encyclopaedia of Things |access-date=18 November 2024}}</code></li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFDoeSmithSmythe2005" class="citation web cs1">Doe, John; Smith, Peter; Smythe, Jim (30 April 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.example.org/">"Our Favourite Things"</a>. <i>Encyclopaedia of Things</i>. Open Publishing<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Things&rft.atitle=Our+Favourite+Things&rft.date=2005-04-30&rft.aulast=Doe&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Smith%2C+Peter&rft.au=Smythe%2C+Jim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.example.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="No_author">No author</h3></div> <ul><li><code>{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Index of Sharp Things |publisher=Open Publishing |date=2005-04-30 |website=Encyclopedia of Things |access-date=2024-11-18}}</code></li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.example.org/">"Index of Sharp Things"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of Things</i>. Open Publishing. 2005-04-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+of+Things&rft.atitle=Index+of+Sharp+Things&rft.date=2005-04-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.example.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="No_author,_no_publisher"><span id="No_author.2C_no_publisher"></span>No author, no publisher</h3></div> <ul><li><code>{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Index of Sharp Things |date=30 April 2005 |website=Encyclopedia of Things |access-date=18 November 2024}}</code></li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.example.org/">"Index of Sharp Things"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of Things</i>. 30 April 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+of+Things&rft.atitle=Index+of+Sharp+Things&rft.date=2005-04-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.example.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span></dd></dl> <ul><li><code>{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Index of Sharp Things |date=April 30, 2005 |access-date=November 18, 2024}}</code></li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.example.org/">"Index of Sharp Things"</a>. April 30, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 18,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Index+of+Sharp+Things&rft.date=2005-04-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.example.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span></dd></dl> <ul><li><code>{{cite web |url=http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf |title=List of psychotropic substances under international control |date=2005-04-30 |access-date=2024-11-18 |language=el}}</code></li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf">"List of psychotropic substances under international control"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Greek). 2005-04-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=List+of+psychotropic+substances+under+international+control&rft.date=2005-04-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.incb.org%2Fpdf%2Fe%2Flist%2Fgreen.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Using_"archive-url"_and_"archive-date"_(and_optionally_"url-status")_for_webpages_that_have_been_archived"><span id="Using_.22archive-url.22_and_.22archive-date.22_.28and_optionally_.22url-status.22.29_for_webpages_that_have_been_archived"></span>Using "archive-url" and "archive-date" (and optionally "url-status") for webpages that have been archived <span class="anchor" id="archive-url"></span></h3></div> <div style="width:auto; overflow:scroll">By default, if "archive-url" is used, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url-status=dead</code> and the main link is to the archive: <ul><li><code>{{cite web |url=http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf |title=List of psychotropic substances under international control |date=2005-04-30 |publisher=International Narcotics Control Board |access-date=2024-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050907150136/http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf |archive-date=2005-09-07}}</code></li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050907150136/http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf">"List of psychotropic substances under international control"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. International Narcotics Control Board. 2005-04-30. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2005-09-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=List+of+psychotropic+substances+under+international+control&rft.pub=International+Narcotics+Control+Board&rft.date=2005-04-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.incb.org%2Fpdf%2Fe%2Flist%2Fgreen.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span></dd></dl> </div> <div style="width:auto; overflow:scroll">With <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url-status=live</code>, the main link is to the original: <ul><li><code>{{cite web |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/dc-entertainment-give-classic-batman-824572 |title=DC Entertainment To Give Classic Batman Writer Credit in 'Gotham' and 'Batman v Superman' (Exclusive) |website=The Hollywood Reporter |date=September 18, 2015 |access-date=September 21, 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151022181821/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/dc-entertainment-give-classic-batman-824572 |archive-date=October 22, 2015}}</code></li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/dc-entertainment-give-classic-batman-824572">"DC Entertainment To Give Classic Batman Writer Credit in 'Gotham' and 'Batman v Superman' (Exclusive)"</a>. <i>The Hollywood Reporter</i>. September 18, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151022181821/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/dc-entertainment-give-classic-batman-824572">Archived</a> from the original on October 22, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 21,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=DC+Entertainment+To+Give+Classic+Batman+Writer+Credit+in+%27Gotham%27+and+%27Batman+v+Superman%27+%28Exclusive%29&rft.date=2015-09-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fheat-vision%2Fdc-entertainment-give-classic-batman-824572&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span></dd></dl> </div> <div style="width:auto; overflow:scroll">With <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url-status=unfit</code> or <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">usurped</code>, the original is not linked at all: <ul><li><code>{{cite web |url=http://www.wunderground.com/global/stations/03772.html |title=London, United Kingdom Forecast: Weather Underground (weather and elevation at Heathrow Airport) |publisher=The Weather Underground |access-date=18 November 2024 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0HaAk7 |archive-date=19 May 2011}}</code></li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5yo0HaAk7">"London, United Kingdom Forecast: Weather Underground (weather and elevation at Heathrow Airport)"</a>. The Weather Underground. Archived from the original on 19 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=London%2C+United+Kingdom+Forecast%3A+Weather+Underground+%28weather+and+elevation+at+Heathrow+Airport%29&rft.pub=The+Weather+Underground&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wunderground.com%2Fglobal%2Fstations%2F03772.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a class="mw-selflink selflink">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>)</span></dd></dl> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Using_quote">Using quote</h3></div> <div style="width:auto; overflow:scroll"> <ul><li><code>{{cite web |url=http://www.webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/c.html |title=Daylight saving time: rationale and original idea |website=WebExhibits |date=2008 |access-date=18 November 2024 |quote=...&nbsp;Lord Balfour came forward with a unique concern: 'Supposing some unfortunate lady was confined with twins&nbsp;...'}}</code></li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/c.html">"Daylight saving time: rationale and original idea"</a>. <i>WebExhibits</i>. 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2024</span>. <q>... Lord Balfour came forward with a unique concern: 'Supposing some unfortunate lady was confined with twins ...'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WebExhibits&rft.atitle=Daylight+saving+time%3A+rationale+and+original+idea&rft.date=2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webexhibits.org%2Fdaylightsaving%2Fc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span></dd></dl> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parameters">Parameters</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Syntax">Syntax</h3></div> <p>Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters: </p> <ul><li><i>parent</i></li> <li>OR: <i>parent2</i>—may be used instead of <i>parent</i> <ul><li><i>child</i>—may be used with <i>parent</i> (and is ignored if <i>parent</i> is not used)</li> <li>OR: <i>child2</i>—may be used instead of <i>child</i> (and is ignored if <i>parent2</i> is not used)</li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dd>Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if multiple aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show.</dd></dl> <p>By default, sets of fields are terminated with a period (.). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="COinS">COinS</h3></div> <p>This template embeds <a href="/wiki/COinS" title="COinS">COinS</a> metadata in the HTML output, allowing <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reference_management_software&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reference management software (not yet started)">reference management software</a> to retrieve bibliographic metadata. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7889199">.mw-parser-output div.crossreference{padding-left:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9671799">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">See <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:COinS" title="Wikipedia:COinS">Wikipedia:COinS</a>.</span> As a general rule, only one data item per parameter. Do not include explanatory or alternate text: </p> <ul><li>use <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: #006400;"><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|date=27 September 2007</code></span> not <span class="example deprecated-content example-bad" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: #8B0000;"><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|date=27 September 2007 (print version 25 September)</code></span></li></ul> <p>Use of templates within the citation template is discouraged because many of these templates will add extraneous HTML or CSS that will be included raw in the metadata. Also, HTML entities, for example <code>&nbsp;</code>, <code>&ndash;</code>, etc., should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="COinS_metadata_is_created_for_these_parameters">COinS metadata is created for these parameters</h4></div> <p>Note: This table of metadata is displayed for all Citation Style 1 templates. Not all of these parameters are supported by every CS1 template. Some of these parameters are mutually exclusive, some are aliases of another parameter, and some require other parameters to be present. Please refer to each template's documentation for a full list of supported parameters, their aliases, and their dependencies. </p> <ul><li><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|periodical=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|journal=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|newspaper=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|magazine=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|work=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|website=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|encyclopedia=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|encyclopaedia=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|dictionary=</code></li> <li><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|chapter=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|script-chapter=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|contribution=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|script-contribution=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|entry=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|script-entry=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|article=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|script-article=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|section=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|script-section=</code></li> <li><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|title=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|script-title=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|book-title=</code></li> <li><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|publication-place=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|place=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|location=</code></li> <li><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|date=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|year=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|publication-date=</code></li> <li><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|series=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|version=</code></li> <li><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|volume=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|issue=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|number=</code></li> <li><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|page=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|pages=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|at=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|quote-page=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|quote-pages=</code></li> <li><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|edition=</code></li> <li><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|publisher=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|institution=</code></li> <li><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|chapter-url=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|contribution-url=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|section-url=</code></li> <li><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-last=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-last#=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author#-last=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-surname=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-surname#=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author#-surname=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|last=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|last#=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|surname=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|surname#=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author#=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|subject=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|subject#=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|host=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|host#=</code></li> <li><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-first=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-first#=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author#-first=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-given=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-given#=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author#-given=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|first=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|first#=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|given=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|given#=</code></li> <li><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|degree=</code></li> <li><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|arxiv=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|bibcode=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|biorxiv=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|citeseerx=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|doi=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|eissn=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|eprint=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|hdl=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|isbn=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|issn=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|jfm=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|jstor=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|lccn=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|message-id=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|mr=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|oclc=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|osti=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|pmc=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|pmid=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|rfc=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|ssrn=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|s2cid=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|zbl=</code></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="What's_new"><span id="What.27s_new"></span>What's new</h3></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>What's new or changed recently </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Parameter</th> <th>Description</th> <th>Date </th></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-given=</code> </td> <td>added aliases (including enumerated forms) for <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-first=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-surname=</code> </td> <td>added aliases (including enumerated forms) for <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-last=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|display-subjects=</code> </td> <td>added alias for <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|display-authors=</code> for usage with <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|subject=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|interviewer-given=</code> </td> <td>added aliases (including enumerated forms) for <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|interviewer-first=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|interviewer-surname=</code> </td> <td>added aliases (including enumerated forms) for <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|interviewer-last=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|orig-date=</code> </td> <td>added canonical form for alias <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|orig-year=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|quote-page=</code> </td> <td>added single page specifier for <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|quote=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|quote-pages=</code> </td> <td>added multiple pages specifier for <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|quote=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|sbn=</code> </td> <td>added identifier parameter for <a href="/w/index.php?title=Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Standard Book Number (not yet started)">Standard Book Numbers</a> </td> <td>April 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|script-quote=</code> </td> <td>added non-Latin script text facility for <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|quote=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|subject-mask=</code> </td> <td>added aliases (including enumerated forms) to <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-mask=</code> for usage with <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|subject=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|s2cid=</code> </td> <td>added identifier parameter for <a href="/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar">Semantic Scholar</a> corpus ID </td> <td>April 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|s2cid-access=</code> </td> <td>added access-icon parameter for <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|s2cid=</code> </td> <td>April 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|title-link=</code> </td> <td>added special tokens <code>none/doi/pmc</code> to override/disable auto-linking (<span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> only) </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|trans-quote=</code> </td> <td>added translated text facility for <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|quote=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1#Accept-this-as-written_markup" title="Help:Citation Style 1">accept-this-as-written-markup</a> </td> <td>added for <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|doi=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|eissn=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|isbn=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|issn=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|sbn=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deprecated">Deprecated</h3></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Deprecated CS1/CS2 parameters </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Deprecated parameter </th> <th>Replace with </th> <th style="width: 110px;">Date </th></tr> <tr> <td>none deprecated at present </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Recently removed CS1/CS2 parameters </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Removed parameter</th> <th>Replace with</th> <th>Date </th></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|authorfirst=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-first=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|authorfirst<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-first<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>first=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>-first=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|authorgiven=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-given=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|authorgiven<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-given<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>given=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>-given=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|authorlast=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-last=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|authorlast<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-last<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>last=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>-last=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|authormask=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-mask=</code> </td> <td>January 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|authormask<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-mask<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td>January 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>mask=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>-mask=</code> </td> <td>January 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|authorsurname=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-surname=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|authorsurname<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author-surname<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>surname=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>-surname=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|booktitle=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|book-title=</code> </td> <td>May 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|chapterurl=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|chapter-url=</code> </td> <td>May 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|conferenceurl=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|conference-url=</code> </td> <td>April 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|contributionurl=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|contribution-url=</code> </td> <td>April 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|deadurl=yes</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url-status=dead</code> </td> <td>September 2019 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|dead-url=yes</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url-status=dead</code> </td> <td>September 2019 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|displayauthors=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|display-authors=</code> </td> <td>January 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|displayeditors=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|display-editors=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|doi-broken=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|doi-broken-date=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|doi-inactive-date=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|doi-broken-date=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editorfirst=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor-first=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editorfirst<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor-first<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>first=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>-first=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editorgiven=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor-given=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editorgiven<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor-given<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>given=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>-given=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editorlast=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor-last=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editorlast<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor-last<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>last=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>-last=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editorlink=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor-link=</code> </td> <td>January 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editorlink<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor-link<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td>January 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>link=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>-link=</code> </td> <td>January 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editors=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor=</code> (one editor) or <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> (more than one editor) or <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|veditors=</code> (for Vancouver style editors). Consider splitting <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> into <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor-first<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> and <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor-last<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code>, if possible. Consider <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor-mask<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code>, if annotation is required. </td> <td>January 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editorsurname=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor-surname=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editorsurname<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor-surname<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>surname=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>-surname=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editormask=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor-mask=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editormask<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor-mask<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>mask=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>-mask=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|embargo=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|pmc-embargo-date=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|episodelink=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|episode-link=</code> </td> <td>May 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|event-format=</code> </td> <td>(delete) </td> <td>January 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|eventurl=</code> </td> <td>(delete) </td> <td>January 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|event-url=</code> </td> <td>(delete) </td> <td>January 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|ignoreisbnerror=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|isbn=((<<var style="padding-right: 1px;">isbn</var>>))</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|ignore-isbn-error=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|isbn=((<<var style="padding-right: 1px;">isbn</var>>))</code> </td> <td>January 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|interviewerlink=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|interviewer-link=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|interviewerlink<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|interviewer-link<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|interviewer<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>link=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|interviewer<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>-link=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|interviewermask=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|interviewer-mask=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|interviewermask<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|interviewer-mask<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|interviewer<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>mask=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|interviewer<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>-mask=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|last-author-amp=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|name-list-style=amp</code> </td> <td>January 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|lastauthoramp=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|name-list-style=amp</code> </td> <td>January 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|laydate=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|lay-date=</code> </td> <td>April 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|laysource=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|lay-source=</code> </td> <td>April 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|layurl=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|lay-url=</code> </td> <td>April 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|mailinglist=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|mailing-list=</code> </td> <td>May 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|mapurl=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|map-url=</code> </td> <td>May 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|name-list-format=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|name-list-style=</code> </td> <td>April 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|nocat=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|no-tracking=</code> </td> <td>January 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|no-cat=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|no-tracking=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|nopp=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|no-pp=</code> </td> <td>May 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|notracking=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|no-tracking=</code> </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|publicationdate=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|publication-date=</code> </td> <td>May 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|publicationplace=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|publication-place=</code> </td> <td>May 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|registration=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url-access=registration</code> </td> <td>January 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|sectionurl=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|section-url=</code> </td> <td>April 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|serieslink=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|series-link=</code> </td> <td>May 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|seriesno=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|series-number=</code> </td> <td>April 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|seriesnumber=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|series-number=</code> </td> <td>January 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|series-separator=</code> </td> <td>(delete) </td> <td>October 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|subjectlink=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|subject-link=</code> </td> <td>January 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|subjectlink<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|subject-link<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>=</code> </td> <td>January 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|subject<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>link=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|subject<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>-link=</code> </td> <td>January 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|subscription=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url-access=subscription</code> </td> <td>January 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|timecaption=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|time-caption=</code> </td> <td>April 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|titlelink=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|title-link=</code> </td> <td>April 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|transcripturl=</code> </td> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|transcript-url=</code> </td> <td>May 2021 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Description">Description</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Authors">Authors</h4></div> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_author">last</b>: Surname of a single author. Do not wikilink—use <b>author-link</b> instead. For corporate authors or authors for whom only one name is listed by the source, use <b>last</b> or one of its aliases (e.g. <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author=Bono</code>). Aliases: <b>surname</b>, <b>author</b>, <b>last1</b>, <b>surname1</b>, <b>author1</b>. <ul><li><b>author</b>: this parameter is used to hold the complete name of a single author (first and last) or to hold the name of a corporate author. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one author. Do not wikilink—use <b>author-link</b> instead.</li> <li><b>first</b>: Given or first names of author; for example: <i>Firstname Middlename</i> or <i>Firstname M.</i> or <i>Firstname M., Sr.</i> Do not wikilink—use <b>author-link</b> instead. Aliases: <b>given</b>, <b>first1</b>, <b>given1</b>. Requires <b>last</b>; first name will not display if <b>last</b> is empty.</li> <li>OR: for multiple authors, use <b>last1</b>, <b>first1</b> through <b>last<var>n</var></b>, <b>first<var>n</var></b>, where <i>n</i> is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of authors (each <b>first<var>n</var></b> requires a corresponding <b>last<var>n</var></b>, but not the other way around). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7889199"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">See the <a href="#csdoc_display"><b>display</b></a> parameters to change how many authors are displayed.</span> Aliases: <b>surname1</b>, <b>given1</b> through <b>surname<var>n</var></b>, <b>given<var>n</var></b>, or <b>author1</b> through <b>author<var>n</var></b>. For an individual author plus an institutional author, you can use <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|first1=...</code><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|last1=...</code><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author2=...</code>.</li> <li><b>author-link</b>: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author—not the author's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: <b>author-link1</b>, <b>author1-link</b>, <b>authorlink</b>.</li> <li>OR: for multiple authors, use <b>author-link1</b> through <b>author-link<var>n</var></b>. Aliases: <b>author1-link</b> through <b>author<var>n</var>-link</b>.</li> <li><b>name-list-style</b>: accepts a limited list of keywords as value; when set to <code>amp</code>, <code>ampersand</code>, or <code>&</code>, inserts an ampersand between the last two names in a name list; when set to <code>and</code>, inserts the conjunction 'and' between the last two names of a name list; when set to <code>vanc</code>displays name lists in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vancouver_style&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vancouver style (not yet started)">Vancouver style</a> when the lists use the <code>last</code>/<code>first</code> forms of name parameters.</li></ul></li> <li><span class="anchor" id="para_vauthors"></span><b>vauthors</b>: comma-separated list of author names in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vancouver_style&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vancouver style (not yet started)">Vancouver style</a>; enclose corporate or institutional author names in <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1#Accept-this-as-written_markup" title="Help:Citation Style 1">doubled parentheses</a>. End with etal if appropriate: <dl><dd><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|vauthors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)), etal</code></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>author-link</b> and <b>author-mask</b> may be used for the individual names in <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|vauthors=</code> as described above</li></ul></li> <li><b>authors</b>: Free-form list of author names; use of this parameter is discouraged because it does not contribute to a citation's metadata; not an alias of <b>last</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_translator">translator-last</b>: Surname of translator. Do not wikilink—use <b>translator-link</b> instead. Aliases: <b>translator-surname</b>, <b>translator1</b>, <b>translator1-last</b>, <b>translator-last1</b>. <ul><li><b>translator-first</b>: Given or first names of translator. Do not wikilink—use <b>translator-link</b> instead. Aliases: <b>translator-given</b>, <b>translator1-first</b>, <b>translator-first1</b>.</li> <li>OR: for multiple translators, use <b>translator-last1</b>, <b>translator-first1</b> through <b>translator-last<var>n</var></b>, <b>translator-first<var>n</var></b>, where <i>n</i> is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of translators (each <b>translator-first<var>n</var></b> requires a corresponding <b>translator-last<var>n</var></b>, but not the other way around). Aliases: <b>translator1-last</b>, <b>translator1-first</b> through <b>translator<var>n</var>-last</b>, <b>translator<var>n</var>-first</b>, or <b>translator1</b> through <b>translator<var>n</var></b>.</li> <li><b>translator-link</b>: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the translator—not the translator's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: <b>translator-link1</b>, <b>translator1-link</b>.</li> <li>OR: for multiple translators, use <b>translator-link1</b> through <b>translator-link<var>n</var></b>. Aliases: <b>translator1-link</b> through <b>translator<var>n</var>-link</b>.</li></ul></li> <li><b id="csdoc_collaboration">collaboration</b>: Name of a group of authors or collaborators; requires <b>author</b>, <b>last</b>, or <b>vauthors</b> listing one or more primary authors; follows author name-list; appends "et al." to author name-list.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_others">others</b>: To record other contributors to the work, including illustrators. For the parameter value, write <i>Illustrated by John Smith</i>.</li> <li>Note: When using <a href="/wiki/Help:Shortened_footnotes" title="Help:Shortened footnotes">shortened footnotes</a> or <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Parenthetical_referencing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Parenthetical referencing (not yet started)">parenthetical referencing</a> styles with templates, do not use multiple names in one field, or else the anchor will not match the inline link.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Title">Title</h4></div> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7889199"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">(See also <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1#Titles_and_chapters" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Help:Citation Style 1 § Titles and chapters</a>.)</span> </p> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_title">title</b>: Title of source page on website. Displays in quotes. If <b>script-title</b> is defined, <b>title</b> holds a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ROMAN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:ROMAN (not yet started)">Romanization</a> of title in <b>script-title</b>. <ul><li><b>script-title</b>: Original title for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc); follows Romanization defined in <b>title</b>. May be prefixed with an <a href="/wiki/List_of_ISO_639-1_codes" title="List of ISO 639-1 codes">ISO 639-1</a> two-character code to help browsers properly display the script: <dl><dd><code>... |title=Tōkyō tawā |script-title=ja:東京タワー |trans-title=Tokyo Tower ...</code></dd></dl></li> <li><b id="csdoc_trans_title">trans-title</b>: English translation of the title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after <b>title</b>; <b>trans-title</b> is included in the link. Use of the <b>language</b> parameter is recommended.</li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dd>Titles containing certain characters will display and link incorrectly unless those characters are encoded.</dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="margin-left: 5em"> <tbody><tr> <th>newline</th> <th>[</th> <th>]</th> <th>| </th></tr> <tr> <td>space</td> <td style="text-align: center;">&#91;</td> <td style="text-align: center;">&#93;</td> <td style="text-align: center;">&#124; </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bracket" title="Template:Bracket">{{bracket|text}}</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Template:Pipe" title="Template:Pipe">{{pipe}}</a> – <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7889199"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">see also <a href="/wiki/Help:Table#Rendering_pipe_itself" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Table">Help:Table § Rendering pipe itself</a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dd>This parameter is required and will generate an error if not defined. On errors, main, help and template pages are placed into <a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_incorrect_citation_syntax" title="Category:Articles with incorrect citation syntax">Category:Articles with incorrect citation syntax</a>. Set <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|template-doc-demo=true</code> to disable categorization; mainly used for documentation where the error is demonstrated.</dd></dl> <ul><li><span id="csdoc_work"></span><b id="csdoc_website">website</b>: Title of website; may be wikilinked. Displays in italics. Aliases: <b>work</b></li></ul> <ul><li><b>type</b>: Provides additional information about the media type of the source. May alternatively be used to identify the type of manuscript linked to in the title, if this is not the final version of a manuscript (e.g. if a preprint of a manuscript is freely available, but the version of record is behind a paywall). Format in sentence case. Displays in parentheses following the title. The reserved keyword <code>none</code> can be used to disable the display of a type. Examples: <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: #006400;">Thesis</span>, <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: #006400;">Booklet</span>, <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: #006400;">Accepted manuscript</span>, <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: #006400;">CD liner</span>, <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: #006400;">Press release</span>. Alias: <b>medium</b>.</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_language">language</b>: A comma-separated list of the languages in which the source is written, as either the <a href="/wiki/ISO_639" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO 639">ISO 639</a> language code (preferred) or the full language name, e.g. <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|language=fr, pt-br</code> or <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|language=French, Portuguese</code>. <a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_Style_documentation/language/doc" title="Template:Citation Style documentation/language/doc">See the list of supported codes and names</a>. Do not use templates or wikilinks. Displays in parentheses with "in" before the language name or names. When the only source language is English, no language is displayed in the citation. The use of languages recognized by the citation module adds the page to the appropriate subcategory of <a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_foreign_language_sources" title="Category:CS1 foreign language sources">Category:CS1 foreign language sources</a>. Because cs1|2 templates are often copied from en.wiki to other wikis, use of language codes is preferred so that languages render in the correct language and form: espagnol at a French-language wiki instead of 'Spanish'. Aliases: <b>lang</b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Date">Date</h4></div> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_date">date</b>: Date of referenced source. Can be full date (day, month, and year) or partial date (month and year, season and year, or year). Use same format as other publication dates in the citations.<sup id="cite_ref-date_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-date-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>date 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Required when <b>year</b> is used to disambiguate <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Sfn" title="Template:Sfn">sfn</a>}}</code> links to multiple-work citations by the same author in the same year.<sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Sfn#More_than_one_work_in_a_year" title="Template:Sfn">[more]</a></sup> Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and is enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after the publisher. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7889199"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">For acceptable date formats, see <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1#Dates" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Help:Citation Style 1 § Dates</a>.</span></li></ul> <dl><dd>For approximate year, precede with "<code>c. </code>", like this: <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|date=c. 1900</code>.</dd></dl> <p><span class="anchor" id="Undated"></span> </p> <dl><dd>For no date, or "undated", use <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|date=n.d.</code></dd></dl> <dl><dd><span id="csdoc_auto-date-format">Automatic date formatting</span>: <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Citation Style 1</a> and <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_2" title="Help:Citation Style 2">2</a> templates, including this template, automatically render dates in date parameters (<code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|date=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|access-date=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|archive-date=</code>, etc.) in the style specified by the article's <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Use_dmy_dates" title="Template:Use dmy dates">use dmy dates</a>}}</code> or <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Use_mdy_dates" title="Template:Use mdy dates">use mdy dates</a>}}</code> template. See those templates' documentation for details.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_year">year</b>: Year of source being referenced. The usage of this parameter is <i>discouraged</i>; use the more flexible <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|date=</code> parameter instead unless <em>both</em> of the following conditions are met: <ol><li>The <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|date=</code> format is YYYY-MM-DD.</li> <li>The citation requires a <code><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Citation_templates_and_reference_anchors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Citation templates and reference anchors (not yet started)">CITEREF</a></code> <a href="/wiki/Template:Sfn#More_than_one_work_in_a_year" title="Template:Sfn">disambiguator</a>.</li></ol></li> <li><span class="anchor" id="csdoc_origyear"></span><b id="csdoc_origdate">orig-date</b>: Original publication date or year; displays in square brackets after the <b>date</b> (or <b>year</b>). For clarity, please supply specifics. For example: <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|orig-date=First published 1859</code> or <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|orig-date=Composed 1904</code>. As <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|orig-date=</code> does not support automatic date formatting, use the same date format as defined by <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|df=</code> (or, if it exists in the article, by <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|cs1-dates=</code> of a <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Use_dmy_dates" title="Template:Use dmy dates">use dmy dates</a>}}</code> or <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Use_mdy_dates" title="Template:Use mdy dates">use mdy dates</a>}}</code> template), or as used in the <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|date=</code> parameter. Alias: <b>orig-year</b></li> <li><b id="csdoc_df">df</b>: date format; sets rendered dates to the specified format; does not support date ranges or seasonal dates; overrides the automatic date formatting described above. Accepts one value which may be one of these: <dl><dd><code>dmy</code> – set publication dates to day month year format; access- and archive-dates are not modified;</dd> <dd><code>mdy</code> – as above for month day, year format</dd> <dd><code>ymd</code> – as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD</dd> <dd><code>dmy-all</code> – set publication, access-, and archive-dates to day month year format;</dd> <dd><code>mdy-all</code> – as above for month day, year format</dd> <dd><code>ymd-all</code> – as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD</dd></dl></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-date-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-date_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Publication dates in references within an article should all have the same format. This may be a different format from that used for archive and access dates. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7889199"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">See <a href="/w/index.php?title=MOS:DATEUNIFY&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MOS:DATEUNIFY (not yet started)">MOS:DATEUNIFY</a>.</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Website">Website</h4></div> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_work">work</b> (required by <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code> and <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_magazine" title="Template:Cite magazine">cite magazine</a>}}</code>): Name of the work containing the source; may be wikilinked if relevant. Displays in italics. If the name of the periodical changed over time use the name at the time of the source's publication. If <b>script-work</b> is defined, use <b>work</b> to hold a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ROMAN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:ROMAN (not yet started)">Romanization</a> (if available) of the title in <b>script-work</b>. Aliases: <b>journal</b>, <b>newspaper</b>, <b>magazine</b>, <b>periodical</b>, <b>website</b>. Use <a href="/wiki/Latin_script" title="Latin script">Latin script</a>. For languages written in non-Latin based scripts (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Indic, Japanese, Korean, etc.) use a standard <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ROMAN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:ROMAN (not yet started)">Romanization</a> in this field. <ul><li><b id="csdoc_script-work">script-work</b>: Work title in its original, non-Latin script; not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in <b>work</b> (if present). Must be prefixed with one of the <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1#|script-<param>=_language_codes" title="Help:Citation Style 1">supported language codes</a> to help browsers properly display the script. Leave empty for Latin-based scripts (Czech, French, Turkish, Vietnamese, etc.). Aliases: <b>script-journal</b>, <b>script-newspaper</b>, <b>script-magazine</b>, <b>script-periodical</b>, <b>script-website</b>.</li> <li><b>trans-work</b>: English translation of the work title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after <b>work</b> or <b>script-work</b>. Aliases: <b>trans-journal</b>, <b>trans-newspaper</b>, <b>trans-magazine</b>, <b>trans-periodical</b>, <b>trans-website</b>.</li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dd>When set, <b>work</b> changes the formatting of other parameters in the same citation: <dl><dd><b>title</b> is not italicized and is enclosed in quotes.</dd> <dd><b>chapter</b> does not display (and will produce an error message).</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Publisher">Publisher</h4></div> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_publisher">publisher</b>: Name of publisher; may be wikilinked if relevant. The <a href="/wiki/Publisher" class="mw-redirect" title="Publisher">publisher</a> is the <em>company</em>, <em>organization</em> or other legal entity that publishes the work being cited. Do <em>not</em> use the <b>publisher</b> parameter for the name of a <a href="#csdoc_work">work</a> (e.g. a website, book, encyclopedia, newspaper, magazine, journal, etc.). If the name of the publisher changed over time use the name as stated in the publication or at the time of the source's publication. Corporate designations such as "Ltd", "Inc.", or "GmbH" are not usually included. Not normally used for periodicals. Omit where the publisher's name is substantially the same as the name of the work (for example, The New York Times Co. publishes <i>The New York Times</i> newspaper, so there is no reason to name the publisher). Displays after <b>title</b>.</li> <li><span id="csdoc_location"></span><b id="csdoc_place">place</b>: For news stories with a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dateline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dateline (not yet started)">dateline</a>, that is, the location where the story was written. If the name of the location changed over time use the name as stated in the publication or at the time of the source's publication. In earlier versions of the template this was the publication place, and for compatibility, will be treated as the publication place if the publication-place parameter is absent; see that parameter for further information. Alias: <b>location</b></li> <li><b id="csdoc_publication-place">publication-place</b>: Geographical place of publication; generally not wikilinked; omit when the name of the work includes the publication place; examples: <i>The Boston Globe</i>, <i>The Times of India</i>. Displays after the title. If the name of the publication place changed over time use the name as stated in the publication or at the time of the source's publication. If only one of <b>publication-place</b>, <b>place</b>, or <b>location</b> is defined, it will be treated as the publication place and will show after the title; if <b>publication-place</b> and <b>place</b> or <b>location</b> are defined, then <b>place</b> or <b>location</b> is shown before the title prefixed with "written at" and <b>publication-place</b> is shown after the title.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_publication-date">publication-date</b>: Date of publication when different from the date the work was written. Displays only if <b>date</b> (or <b>year</b>) are defined and only if different, else <b>publication-date</b> is used and displayed as <b>date</b>. Use the same format as other dates in the article; do not wikilink. Follows <b>publisher</b>; if <b>work</b> is not defined, then <b>publication-date</b> is preceded by "published" and enclosed in parenthesis.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_via">via</b>: Name of the content deliverer (if <i>different</i> from <b>publisher</b>). <b>via</b> is not a replacement for <b>publisher</b>, but provides additional detail. It may be used when the content deliverer presents the source in a format other than the original (e.g. <a href="/wiki/NewsBank" title="NewsBank">NewsBank</a>), when the URL provided does not make clear the identity of the deliverer, where no URL or DOI is available (EBSCO), or if the deliverer requests attribution. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7889199"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">See the <a href="#csdoc_access_level"><b>access level</b></a> parameters to display access restrictions.</span></li></ul> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_agency">agency</b>: The <a href="/wiki/News_agency" title="News agency">news agency</a> (wire service) that provided the content; examples: <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agence_France-Presse" title="Agence France-Presse">Agence France-Presse</a>. Do not use for sources published on the agency's own website; e.g. apnews.com or reuters.com; instead, use <b>work</b> or <b>publisher</b>. May be wikilinked if relevant.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Series">Series</h4></div> <ul><li><b>series</b> or <b>version</b>: When the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal where the issue numbering has restarted.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="In-source_locations">In-source locations</h4></div> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_page">page</b>: The number of a single page in the source that supports the content. Use either <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|page=</code> or <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|pages=</code>, but not both. Displays preceded by <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">p.</code> unless <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|no-pp=yes</code>. If hyphenated, use <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Hyphen" title="Template:Hyphen">hyphen</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> to indicate this is intentional (e.g. <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|page=3{{hyphen}}12</code>), otherwise several editors and semi-automated tools will assume this was a misuse of the parameter to indicate a page range and will convert <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|page=3-12</code> to <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|pages=3{{ndash}}12</code>. Alias: <b>p</b>.</li> <li>OR: <b id="csdoc_pages">pages</b>: A range of pages in the source that supports the content. Use either <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|page=</code> or <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|pages=</code>, but not both. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,); do not use to indicate the total number of pages in the source. Displays preceded by <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">pp.</code> unless <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|no-pp=yes</code>. <br />Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate because individual page numbers contain hyphens, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, use <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1#Accept-this-as-written_markup" title="Help:Citation Style 1">double parentheses</a> to tell the template to display the value of <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|pages=</code> without processing it, and use <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Hyphen" title="Template:Hyphen">hyphen</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> to indicate to editors that a hyphen is really intended: <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|pages=((3{{hyphen}}1{{ndash}}3{{hyphen}}15))</code>. Alternatively, use <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|at=</code>, like this: <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|at=pp. 3-1&ndash;3-15</code>. Alias: <b>pp</b>. <ul><li><b id="csdoc_nopp">no-pp</b>: Set to <var>yes</var>, <var>y</var>, or <var>true</var> to suppress the <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">p.</code> or <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">pp.</code> notations where this is inappropriate; for example, where <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|page=Front cover</code> or <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|pages=<a href="/w/index.php?title=Passim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Passim (not yet started)">passim</a></code>.</li></ul></li> <li>OR: <b id="csdoc_at">at</b>: For sources where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient. Overridden by <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|page=</code> or <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|pages=</code>. Use only one of <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|page=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|pages=</code>, or <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|at=</code>.<br />Examples: page (p.) or pages (pp.); section (sec.), column (col.), paragraph (para.); track; hours, minutes and seconds; act, scene, canto, book, part, folio, stanza, back cover, liner notes, indicia, colophon, dust jacket, verse.</li> <li>For <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|quote-page=</code> and <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|quote-pages=</code> used in conjunction with <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|quote=</code>, see <a href="#csdoc_quote">here</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="URL"><span class="anchor" id="url"></span>URL</h4></div> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_url">url</b>: URL of an online location where the text of the publication named by <b>title</b> can be found. Cannot be used if <b>title</b> is wikilinked. If applicable, the link may point to the specific page(s) referenced. Remove tracking parameters from URLs, e.g. <code>#ixzz2rBr3aO94</code> or <span class="nowrap"><code>?utm_source=google&utm_medium=...&utm_term=...&utm_campaign=...</code></span>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7889199"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">For linking to pages in PDF files or in Google Books, see <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:PAGELINKS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:PAGELINKS (not yet started)">WP:PAGELINKS</a>.</span> Do not link to any commercial booksellers, such as <a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a>; use <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|isbn=</code> or <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|oclc=</code> to provide neutral search links for books. Invalid URLs, including those containing spaces, will result in an error message. <ul><li><b id="csdoc_accessdate">access-date</b>: Full date when the content pointed to by <b>url</b> was last verified to support the text in the article; do not wikilink; requires <b>url</b>; use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations.<sup id="cite_ref-date_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-date-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>date 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Not required for linked documents that do not change.</i> For example, <b>access-date</b> is required for online sources, such as personal websites, that do not have a publication date; see <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:CITEWEB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:CITEWEB (not yet started)">WP:CITEWEB</a>. Access dates are not required for links to published research papers, published books, or news articles with publication dates. Note that <b>access-date</b> is the date that the URL was found to be working and to support the text being cited. See <a href="#csdoc_auto-date-format">"Automatic date formatting"</a> above for details about interaction with <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Use_dmy_dates" title="Template:Use dmy dates">use dmy dates</a>}}</code> and <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Use_mdy_dates" title="Template:Use mdy dates">use mdy dates</a>}}</code>. Can be <a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Citation_Style_1/accessdate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:Citation Style 1/accessdate (not yet started)">hidden or styled</a> by registered editors. Alias: <b>accessdate</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_archiveurl">archive-url</b>: The URL of an <a href="/wiki/Web_archiving" title="Web archiving">archived</a> snapshot of a web page. Typically used to refer to services such as <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7889199"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">(see <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Using_the_Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Using the Wayback Machine (not yet started)">Wikipedia:Using the Wayback Machine</a>)</span>, <a href="/wiki/WebCite" title="WebCite">WebCite</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7889199"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">(see <a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Using_WebCite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:Using WebCite (not yet started)">Help:Using WebCite</a>)</span> and <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7889199"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">(see <a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Using_archive.today&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:Using archive.today (not yet started)">Help:Using archive.today</a>)</span>; requires <b>archive-date</b> and <b>url</b>. By default (overridden by <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url-status=live</code>) the archived link is displayed first, with the original link at the end. Alias: <b>archiveurl</b>. <ul><li><b id="csdoc_archivedate">archive-date</b>: Archive-service snapshot-date; preceded in display by default text "archived from the original on". Use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. This does not necessarily have to be the same format that was used for citing publication dates.<sup id="cite_ref-date_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-date-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>date 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Do not wikilink; templated dates are discouraged. See <a href="#csdoc_auto-date-format">"Automatic date formatting"</a> above for details about interaction with <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Use_dmy_dates" title="Template:Use dmy dates">use dmy dates</a>}}</code> and <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Use_mdy_dates" title="Template:Use mdy dates">use mdy dates</a>}}</code>. Alias: <b>archivedate</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_urlstatus">url-status</b>: this optional parameter is ignored if <b>archive-url</b> is not set. If omitted, or with null value, the default value is <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url-status=dead</code>. When the URL is still live, but pre-emptively archived, then set <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url-status=live</code>; this changes the display order, with the title retaining the original link and the archive linked at the end. When the original URL is 'live' but no longer supports the article text, set <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url-status=deviated</code>. When the original URL has been usurped for the purposes of spam, advertising, or is otherwise unsuitable, setting <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url-status=unfit</code> or <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url-status=usurped</code> suppresses display of the original URL (but <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url=</code> and <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|archive-url=</code> are still required).</li> <li><b id="csdoc_archive_format">archive-format</b>: File format of the work referred to by <b>archive-url</b>; for example: PDF, DOC, or XLS; displayed in parentheses after the archive link. HTML is implied and should not be specified. File format annotation is automatically rendered when a PDF icon is displayed. Does not change the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:External_link_icons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:External link icons (not yet started)">external link icon</a>. Note: External link icons do not include <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:ALT" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:ALT">alt text</a>; thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7889199"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">See <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1#Using_|format=" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Using |format=</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><b id="csdoc_url_access">url-access</b>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7889199"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">See <a href="#Access_indicators_for_url-holding_parameters">Access indicators for url-holding parameters</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><b id="csdoc_format">format</b>: File format of the work referred to by <b>url</b>; for example: PDF, DOC, or XLS; displayed in parentheses after <b>title</b>. (For media format, use <b>type</b>.) HTML is implied and should not be specified. File format annotation is automatically rendered when a PDF icon is displayed. Does not change the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:External_link_icons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:External link icons (not yet started)">external link icon</a>. Note: External link icons do not include <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:ALT" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:ALT">alt text</a>; thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7889199"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">See <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1#Using_|format=" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Using |format=</a></span></li></ul> <p>URLs must begin with a supported <a href="/w/index.php?title=URI_scheme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="URI scheme (not yet started)">URI scheme</a>. <code>http://</code> and <code>https://</code> will be supported by all browsers; however, <code>ftp://</code>, <code>gopher://</code>, <code>irc://</code>, <code>ircs://</code>, <code>mailto:</code> and <code>news:</code> may require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided. <a href="/wiki/IPv6" class="mw-redirect" title="IPv6">IPv6</a> host-names are currently not supported. </p><p>If URLs in <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_templates#Examples" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Citation templates">citation template parameters</a> contain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to be <a href="/w/index.php?title=Percent-encoded&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Percent-encoded (not yet started)">percent-encoded</a>. For example, a space must be replaced by <code>%20</code>. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row">Character </th> <th scope="col">space </th> <th scope="col">" </th> <th scope="col">' </th> <th scope="col">< </th> <th scope="col">> </th> <th scope="col">[ </th> <th scope="col">] </th> <th scope="col">{ </th> <th scope="col">| </th> <th scope="col">} </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Encoding </th> <td>%20</td> <td>%22</td> <td>%27</td> <td>%3C</td> <td>%3E</td> <td>%5B</td> <td>%5D</td> <td>%7B</td> <td>%7C</td> <td>%7D </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724317"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-date-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-date_3-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-date_3-1">1.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Access-date and archive-date in references should all have the same format – either the format used for publication dates, or YYYY-MM-DD. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7889199"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">See <a href="/w/index.php?title=MOS:DATEUNIFY&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MOS:DATEUNIFY (not yet started)">MOS:DATEUNIFY</a>.</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Anchor">Anchor</h4></div> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_ref">ref</b>: the citation's HTML anchor identifier, when different from its default. When set, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|ref=<var style="padding-right: 1px;">ID</var></code> generates an anchor with the given <code><var style="padding-right: 1px;">ID</var></code> (the <code>id=</code> attribute in the citation's <code class="nowrap" style=""><cite id="<var style="padding-right: 1px;">ID</var>"></code> HTML tag). Setting <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|ref=<var style="padding-right: 1px;">ID</var></code> identifies the template as a target and allows <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Citing_sources/Further_considerations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources/Further considerations (not yet started)">wikilinking to full references</a>, especially useful with short-form citations like <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Shortened_footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">shortened notes</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Parenthetical_referencing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Parenthetical referencing (not yet started)">parenthetical referencing</a>. The default anchor ID is suitable for use with <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Sfn" title="Template:Sfn">sfn</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> and <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Harv" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Harv">harv</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> templates. Since April 2020, the parameter / keyword pair <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|ref=harv</code> has no special meaning; this deprecated setting should <i>not</i> be used and may be removed from existing cs1|2 templates. To inhibit anchor ID creation, set <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|ref=none</code>. Aliases: none. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7889199"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">See <a href="/wiki/Template:Citation/doc#Anchors_for_Harvard_referencing_templates" title="Template:Citation/doc">Template:Citation/doc § Anchors for Harvard referencing templates</a>.</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Identifiers">Identifiers</h4></div> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_id">id</b>: A <a href="/w/index.php?title=Unique_identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unique identifier (not yet started)">unique identifier</a>, used where none of the specialized identifiers are applicable; wikilink or use an <a href="/wiki/Category:External_link_templates" title="Category:External link templates">external link template</a> as applicable. For example, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|id=NCJ 122967</code> will append "NCJ 122967" at the end of the citation. You can use templates such as <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|id={{NCJ|122967}}</code> to append <a href="/w/index.php?title=NCJ_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NCJ (identifier) (not yet started)">NCJ</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncjrs.gov/App/Publications/abstract.aspx?ID=122967">122967</a> instead.</li></ul> <p>The following identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier. In general, the parameters should include only the variable part of the identifier, e.g. <code>|rfc=822</code> or <code>|pmc=345678</code>. </p> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_arxiv">arxiv</b>: <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/help/arxiv_identifier">identifier</a>; for example: <code>|arxiv=hep-th/9205027</code> (before April 2007) or <code>|arxiv=0706.0001</code> (April 2007 – December 2014) or <code>|arxiv=1501.00001</code> (since January 2015). Do not include extraneous file extensions like ".pdf" or ".html". Aliases: <b>eprint</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_asin">asin</b>: <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Standard_Identification_Number" title="Amazon Standard Identification Number">Amazon Standard Identification Number</a>; if first character of <b>asin</b> value is a digit, use <b>isbn</b>. Because this link favours one specific distributor, include it only if standard identifiers are not available. Example <code>|asin=B00005N5PF</code>. Aliases: <b>ASIN</b>. <ul><li><b id="csdoc_asin-tld">asin-tld</b>: ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US; valid values: <code>ae</code>, <code>au</code>, <code>br</code>, <code>ca</code>, <code>cn</code>, <code>de</code>, <code>es</code>, <code>fr</code>, <code>in</code>, <code>it</code>, <code>jp</code>, <code>mx</code>, <code>nl</code>, <code>pl</code>, <code>sa</code>, <code>se</code>, <code>sg</code>, <code>tr</code>, <code>uk</code>. Aliases: none.</li></ul></li> <li><b id="csdoc_bibcode">bibcode</b>: <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">bibcode</a>; used by a number of astronomical data systems; for example: <code>1974AJ.....79..819H</code>. Aliases: none.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_biorxiv">biorxiv</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=BioRxiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BioRxiv (not yet started)">bioRxiv</a> id, as in the entire DOI (e.g. <code>10.1101/078733</code> for <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/01/078733">http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/01/078733</a> or <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.1101/078733">https://doi.org/10.1101/078733</a>; <code>10.1101/2020.07.24.220400</code> for <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.24.220400">https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.24.220400</a>). Aliases: none.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_citeseerx">citeseerx</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=CiteSeerX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CiteSeerX (not yet started)">CiteSeerX</a> id, a string of digits and dots found in a CiteSeerX URL (e.g. <code>10.1.1.176.341</code> for <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.176.341">http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.176.341</a>). Aliases: none.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_doi">doi</b>: <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">Digital object identifier</a>; for example: <code>10.1038/news070508-7</code>. It is checked to ensure it begins with (<code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">10.</code>). Aliases: <b>DOI</b>. <ul><li>Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate <i>valid</i> DOIs using a non-standard format, see <a href="#ATAWM">below</a>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_doi_brokendate">doi-broken-date</b>: Date a valid DOI was found to be non-working/inactive at <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org">https://doi.org</a>. Use the same format as other dates in the article. Aliases: none.</li></ul></li> <li><b id="csdoc_eissn">eissn</b>: <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">International Standard Serial Number</a> for the electronic media of a serial publication; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a <a href="/wiki/Hyphen" title="Hyphen">hyphen</a>, but not an <a href="/wiki/Dash#En_dash" title="Dash">en dash</a> or a space; example <code>|eissn=1557-2986</code>. Aliases: <b>EISSN</b>. <ul><li>Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate <i>valid</i> eISSNs using a non-standard format, see <a href="#ATAWM">below</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><b id="csdoc_hdl">hdl</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Handle_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Handle System (not yet started)">Handle System</a> identifier for digital objects and other resources on the Internet; example <code>|hdl=20.1000/100</code>. Aliases: <b>HDL</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_isbn">isbn</b>: <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">International Standard Book Number</a>; for example: <code>978-0-8126-9593-9</code>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7889199"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">(See <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:ISBN" title="Wikipedia:ISBN">Wikipedia:ISBN</a> and <a href="/wiki/ISBN#Overview" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN">ISBN § Overview</a>.)</span> Hyphens in the ISBN are optional, but preferred. Use the ISBN actually printed on or in the book. Use the 13-digit ISBN – beginning with 978 or 979 – when it is available. If only a 10-digit ISBN is printed on or in the book, use it. ISBNs can be found on the page with the publisher's information – usually the back of the title page – or beneath the barcode as a number beginning with 978 or 979 (barcodes beginning with any other numbers are not ISBNs). For sources with the older 9-digit SBN system, use <b>sbn</b>. Do not convert a 10-digit ISBN to 13-digit by just adding the 978 prefix; the last digit is a calculated check digit and just making changes to the numbers will make the ISBN invalid. This parameter should hold only the ISBN without <em>any</em> additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens, with "X" permitted as the last character in a 10-digit ISBN – and the proper check digit. Aliases: <b>ISBN</b>. <ul><li>Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate <i>valid</i> ISBNs using a non-standard format, see <a href="#ATAWM">below</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><b id="csdoc_ismn">ismn</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Music_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Music Number (not yet started)">International Standard Music Number</a>; for example: <code>979-0-9016791-7-7</code>. <a href="/wiki/Hyphens" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyphens">Hyphens</a> or spaces in the ISMN are optional. Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. This parameter should hold only the ISMN without <i>any</i> additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens – and the proper check digit. Aliases: <b>ISMN</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_issn">issn</b>: <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">International Standard Serial Number</a>; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a <a href="/wiki/Hyphen" title="Hyphen">hyphen</a>, but not an <a href="/wiki/Dash#En_dash" title="Dash">en dash</a> or a space; example <code>|issn=2049-3630</code>. Aliases: <b>ISSN</b>. <ul><li>Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate <i>valid</i> ISSNs using a non-standard format, see <a href="#ATAWM">below</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><b id="csdoc_jfm">jfm</b>: <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jahrbuch_%C3%BCber_die_Fortschritte_der_Mathematik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik (not yet started)">Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik</a></i></span>; do not include "JFM" in the value; example <code>|jfm=53.0144.01</code>. Aliases: <b>JFM</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_jstor">jstor</b>: <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> reference number; for example: <code>|jstor=3793107</code>. Aliases: <b>JSTOR</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_lccn">lccn</b>: <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">Library of Congress Control Number</a>. When present, alphabetic prefix characters are to be lower case and without a space; example <code>|lccn=79-57364</code> or <code>|lccn=2004042477</code> or <code>|lccn=e09001178</code>. Aliases: <b>LCCN</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_mr">mr</b>: <a href="/wiki/Mathematical_Reviews" title="Mathematical Reviews">Mathematical Reviews</a>; example <code>|mr=630583</code>. Aliases: <b>MR</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_oclc">oclc</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC Number (not yet started)">OCLC Number</a> for looking up publications in the <a href="/wiki/WorldCat" title="WorldCat">WorldCat</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_catalog&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Union catalog (not yet started)">union catalog</a>; example <code>|oclc=9355469</code>. Aliases: <b>OCLC</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_ol">ol</b>: <a href="/wiki/Open_Library" title="Open Library">Open Library</a> identifier; do not include "OL" in the value; example <code>|ol=7030731M</code>. Aliases: <b>OL</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_osti">osti</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Office_of_Scientific_and_Technical_Information&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Office of Scientific and Technical Information (not yet started)">Office of Scientific and Technical Information</a>; example <code>|osti=4367507</code>. Aliases: <b>OSTI</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_pmc">pmc</b>: <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PubMed Central</a>; use article number for <a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_repository&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Open repository (not yet started)">open repository</a> full-text of a journal article, e.g. <code>|pmc=345678</code>. Do not include "PMC" in the value. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7889199"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">See also the <b>pmid</b> parameter, below; these are two different identifiers</span>. Aliases: <b>PMC</b>. <ul><li><b id="csdoc_Embargo">pmc-embargo-date</b>: Date that <b>pmc</b> goes live; if this date is in the future, then <b>pmc</b> is not linked until that date. Aliases: none.</li></ul></li> <li><b id="csdoc_pmid">pmid</b>: <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PubMed</a>; use unique identifier; example <code>|pmid=17322060</code> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7889199"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">See also the <b>pmc</b> parameter, above; these are two different identifiers.</span> Aliases: <b>PMID</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_rfc">rfc</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Request_for_Comments&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Request for Comments (not yet started)">Request for Comments</a>; example <code>|rfc=3143</code>. Aliases: <b>RFC</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_sbn">sbn</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Standard Book Number (not yet started)">Standard Book Number</a>; example <code>|sbn=356-02201-3</code>. Aliases: <b>SBN</b>. <ul><li>Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate <i>valid</i> SBNs using a non-standard format, see <a href="#ATAWM">below</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><b id="csdoc_ssrn">ssrn</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Science_Research_Network&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Social Science Research Network (not yet started)">Social Science Research Network</a>; example <code>|ssrn=1900856</code>. Aliases: <b>SSRN</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_s2cid">s2cid</b>: <a href="/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar">Semantic Scholar</a> corpus ID; example <code>|s2cid=37220927</code>. Aliases: <b>S2CID</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_zbl">zbl</b>: <span title="German-language text"><span lang="de" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zentralblatt_MATH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zentralblatt MATH (not yet started)">Zentralblatt MATH</a></span></span>; example <code>|zbl=0472.53010</code> For zbMATH search results like <code>JFM 35.0387.02</code> use <code>|jfm=35.0387.02</code>. Aliases: <b>ZBL</b>.</li></ul> <p><span class="anchor" id="ATAWM"></span>In very rare cases, <i>valid</i> identifiers (f.e., as actually printed on publications) do not follow their defined standard format or use non-conforming checksums, which would typically cause an error message to be shown. Do not alter them to match a different checksum. In order to suppress the error message, some identifiers (<code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|doi=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|eissn=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|isbn=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|issn=</code>, and <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|sbn=</code>) support a special <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1#Accept-this-as-written_markup" title="Help:Citation Style 1">accept-this-as-written markup</a> which can be applied to disable the error-checking (as <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|<<var style="padding-right: 1px;">param</var>>=((<<var style="padding-right: 1px;">value</var>>))</code>). If the problem is down to a mere typographical error in a third-party source, correct the identifier value instead of overriding the error message. </p><p>For some identifiers, it is possible to specify the <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1#Registration_or_subscription_required" title="Help:Citation Style 1">access status</a> using the corresponding <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|<<var style="padding-right: 1px;">param</var>>-access=</code> parameter. </p><p>For <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, some identifiers (specifying free resources) will automatically be linked to the title when <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url=</code> and <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|title-link=</code> are not used to specify a different link target. This behaviour can be overridden by one out of a number of special keywords for <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|title-link=</code> to manually select a specific source (<code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|title-link=pmc</code> or <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|title-link=doi</code>) for auto-linking or to disable the feature (<code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|title-link=none</code>). </p><p>It is not necessary to specify a URL to a link <i>identical</i> to a link also produced by an identifier. The <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url=</code> parameter (or <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|title-link=</code>) can then be used for providing a direct deep link to the corresponding document or a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Convenience_links" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">convenience link</a> to a resource that would not otherwise be obviously accessible. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Quote">Quote</h4></div> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_quote">quote</b>: Relevant text quoted from the source. Displays enclosed in quotes. When supplied, the citation terminator (a period by default) is suppressed, so the quote must include terminating punctuation. If <b>script-quote</b> is defined, use <b>quote</b> to hold a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ROMAN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:ROMAN (not yet started)">Romanization</a> (if available) of the text in <b>script-quote</b>. <ul><li><b>script-quote</b>: Original quotation for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc.); not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in <b>quote</b> (if available). Alias: none. Must be prefixed with one of the <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1#|script-<param>=_language_codes" title="Help:Citation Style 1">supported language codes</a> to help browsers properly display the script: <dl><dd><code>... |quote=Tōkyō tawā |script-quote=ja:東京タワー |trans-quote=Tokyo Tower ...</code></dd></dl></li> <li><b>trans-quote</b>: English translation of the quotation if the source quoted is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets. Alias: none.</li></ul></li> <li><b>quote-page</b>: The number of a single page quoted in <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|quote=</code>. Use either <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|quote-page=</code> or <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|quote-pages=</code>, but not both. Should be a subset of the page(s) specified in <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|page=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|pages=</code> or <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|at=</code>. Displays preceded by <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">p.</code> unless <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|no-pp=yes</code>. If hyphenated, use <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Hyphen" title="Template:Hyphen">hyphen</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> to indicate this is intentional (e.g. <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|quote-page=3{{hyphen}}12</code>). Alias: none.</li> <li>OR: <b>quote-pages</b>: A list or range of pages quoted in <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|quote=</code>. Use either <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|quote-page=</code> or <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|quote-pages=</code>, but not both. Should be a subset of the pages specified in <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|pages=</code> or <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|at=</code>. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,). Displays preceded by <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">pp.</code> unless <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|no-pp=yes</code> is defined. Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate because individual page numbers contain hyphens, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, use <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1#Accept-this-as-written_markup" title="Help:Citation Style 1">double parentheses</a> to tell the template to display the value of <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|quote-pages=</code> without processing it, and use <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Hyphen" title="Template:Hyphen">hyphen</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> to indicate to editors that a hyphen is really intended: <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|quote-pages=((3{{hyphen}}1{{ndash}}3{{hyphen}}15))</code>. Alias: none.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Editors">Editors</h4></div> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_editors">editor-last</b>: surname of editor. Do not wikilink—use <b>editor-link</b> instead. Where the surname is usually written first—as in Chinese—or for corporate authors, simply use <b>editor-last</b> to include the same format as the source. Aliases: <b>editor-last1</b>, <b>editor1-last</b>, <b>editor-surname</b>, <b>editor-surname1</b>, <b>editor1-surname</b>, <b>editor</b>, <b>editor1</b>. <ul><li><b>editor</b>: This parameter is used to hold the complete name of a single editor (first and last), or the name of an editorial committee. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one editor.</li> <li><b>editor-first</b>: given or first names of editor, including title(s); example: <i>Firstname Middlename</i> or <i>Firstname M.</i> or <i>Dr. Firstname M., Sr.</i> Do not wikilink—use <b>editor-link</b> instead. Aliases: <b>editor-first1</b>, <b>editor1-first</b>, <b>editor-given</b>, <b>editor-given1</b>, <b>editor1-given</b>.</li> <li>OR: for multiple editors, use <b>editor-last1</b>, <b>editor-first1</b> through <b>editor-last<var>n</var></b>, <b>editor-first<var>n</var></b> (Aliases: <b>editor<var>n</var>-last</b>, <b>editor-surname<var>n</var></b> or <b>editor<var>n</var>-surname</b>; <b>editor<var>n</var>-first</b>, <b>editor-given<var>n</var></b> or <b>editor<var>n</var>-given</b>; <b>editor<var>n</var></b>). For an individual editor plus an institutional editor, you can use <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor-first1=...</code><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor-last1=...</code> <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|editor2=...</code>.</li> <li><b>editor-link</b>: title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor—not the editor's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: <b>editor-link1</b>.</li> <li>OR: for multiple editors, use <b>editor-link1</b> through <b>editor-link<var>n</var></b> (alias <b>editor<var>n</var>-link</b>).</li> <li><b>name-list-style</b>: accepts a limited list of keywords as value; when set to <code>amp</code>, <code>ampersand</code>, or <code>&</code>, inserts an ampersand between the last two names in a name list; when set to <code>and</code>, inserts the conjunction 'and' between the last two names of a name list; when set to <code>vanc</code>displays name lists in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vancouver_style&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vancouver style (not yet started)">Vancouver style</a> when the lists use the <code>last</code>/<code>first</code> forms of name parameters.</li></ul></li> <li><span class="anchor" id="para_veditors"></span><b>veditors</b>: comma separated list of editor names in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vancouver_style&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vancouver style (not yet started)">Vancouver style</a>; enclose corporate or institutional names in <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1#Accept-this-as-written_markup" title="Help:Citation Style 1">doubled parentheses</a>. End with etal if appropriate: <dl><dd><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|veditors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)), etal</code></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>editor-link<i>n</i></b> and <b>editor-mask<i>n</i></b> may be used for the individual names in <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|veditors=</code>, as described above</li></ul></li> <li>Display: <dl><dd>Use <b>display-editors</b> to control the length of the displayed editor name list and to specify when "et al." is included.</dd> <dd>If authors: Authors are first, followed by the included work, then "In" and the editors, then the main work.</dd> <dd>If no authors: Editors appear before the included work; a single editor is followed by "ed."; multiple editors are followed by "eds."</dd></dl></li></ul> <p><br /> <span class="anchor" id="Laysummary"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lay_summary">Lay summary</h4></div> <p>These parameters are deprecated. If the source that they name is important to the Wikipedia article, create a separate cs1|2 template for that source. </p> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_lay"><span class="example deprecated-content example-deprecated" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: #696969;">lay-url</span></b>: (deprecated) URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source; the URL title is set to "Lay summary". <ul><li><b id="csdoc_lay_source"><span class="example deprecated-content example-deprecated" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: #696969;">lay-source</span></b>: (deprecated) Name of the source of the lay summary. Displays in italics and preceded by a spaced endash.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_lay_date"><span class="example deprecated-content example-deprecated" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: #696969;">lay-date</span></b>: (deprecated) Date of the lay summary. Displays in parentheses.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_lay_format"><span class="example deprecated-content example-deprecated" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: #696969;">lay-format</span></b>: (deprecated) File format of the work referred to by <b><span class="example deprecated-content example-deprecated" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: #696969;">lay-url</span></b>; for example: PDF, DOC, or XLS; displayed in parentheses after lay summary. HTML is implied and should not be specified. File format annotation is automatically rendered when a PDF icon is displayed. Does not change the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:External_link_icons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:External link icons (not yet started)">external link icon</a>. Note: External link icons do not include <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:ALT" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:ALT">alt text</a>; thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7889199"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">See <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1#Using_|format=" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Using |format=</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Display_options">Display options</h4></div> <ul><li><span id="csdoc_display"></span><b id="csdoc_mode">mode</b>: Sets element separator, default terminal punctuation, and certain capitalization according to the value provided. For <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|mode=cs1</code>, element separator and terminal punctuation is a period (<code>.</code>); where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are capitalized ('Retrieved...'). For <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|mode=cs2</code>, element separator is a comma (<code>,</code>); terminal punctuation is omitted; where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are not capitalized ('retrieved...'). To override default terminal punctuation use <b>postscript</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_author-mask">author-mask</b>:</li> <li><b id="csdoc_contributor-mask">contributor-mask</b>:</li> <li><b id="csdoc_editor-mask">editor-mask</b>:</li> <li><b id="csdoc_interviewer-mask">interviewer-mask</b>:</li> <li><b id="csdoc_translator-mask">translator-mask</b>: <dl><dd>Replaces the name of the first author with <a href="/wiki/Dash#Em_dash" title="Dash">em dashes</a> or text. Set <b><<var style="padding-right: 1px;">name</var>>-mask</b> to a numeric value <i>n</i> to set the dash <i>n</i> em spaces wide; set <b><<var style="padding-right: 1px;">name</var>>-mask</b> to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, "with". You must still include the values for all names for metadata purposes. Primarily intended for use with bibliographies or bibliography styles where multiple works by a single author are listed sequentially such as <a href="/wiki/Help:Shortened_footnotes" title="Help:Shortened footnotes">shortened footnotes</a>. Do not use in a list generated by <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Reflist" title="Template:Reflist">reflist</a>}}</code>, <code class="nowrap" style=""><references /></code> or similar as there is no control of the order in which references are displayed. Mask parameters can take an enumerator in the name of the parameter (e.g. <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|author<var style="padding-right: 1px;">n</var>-mask=</code>) to apply the mask to a specific <var style="padding-right: 1px;">name</var>.</dd></dl></li> <li><b id="csdoc_display-authors"><span id="csdoc_displayauthors"></span>display-authors</b>: Controls the number of author names that are displayed when a citation is published. To change the displayed number of authors, set <b>display-authors</b> to the desired number. For example, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|display-authors=2</code> will display only the first two authors in a citation. By default, all authors are displayed. <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|display-authors=etal</code> displays all authors in the list followed by et al. Aliases: <b>displayauthors</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_display-editors"><span id="csdoc_displayeditors"></span>display-editors</b>: Controls the number of editor names that are displayed when a citation is published. To change the displayed number of editors, set <b>display-editors</b> to the desired number. For example, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|display-editors=2</code> will display only the first two editors in a citation. By default, all editors are displayed. <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|display-editors=etal</code> displays all editors in the list followed by et al. Aliases: <b>displayeditors</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_lastauthoramp">last-author-amp</b>: Switches the separator between the last two names of the author list to space ampersand space (<code> & </code>) when set to <code>y</code>, <code>yes</code>, or <code>true</code>. Example: <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|last-author-amp=yes</code></li> <li><b id="csdoc_postscript">postscript</b>: Controls the closing punctuation for a citation; defaults to a period (<code>.</code>); for no terminating punctuation, specify <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|postscript=none</code> – leaving <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|postscript=</code> empty is the same as omitting it, but is ambiguous. Additional text or templates beyond the terminating punctuation may generate an error message. <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|postscript=</code> is ignored if <b>quote</b> is defined.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Subscription_or_registration_required">Subscription or registration required</h4></div> <p><span id="csdoc_access_level"></span> Citations of online sources that require registration or a subscription are acceptable in Wikipedia as documented in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:PAYWALL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:PAYWALL (not yet started)">Verifiability § Access to sources</a>. As a courtesy to readers and other editors, editors should signal restrictions on access to material provided via the external links included in a citation. These levels describe requirements or constraints related to accessing and viewing the cited material; they are not intended to indicate the ability to reuse, or the copyright status, of the material, since that status is not relevant to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:V" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:V">verifying claims in articles</a>. </p><p>Four access levels can be used: </p> <ul><li><a href="#Access_indicator_for_named_identifiers">access indicator for named identifiers</a>: <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Freely accessible"><img alt="Freely accessible" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span> <code>free</code>: the source is free to read for anyone (from the viewpoint of the provider of the source – could still be blocked by client-side filtering or safeguarding, or distributor-based geoblocking)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="#Access_indicators_for_url-holding_parameters">access indicators for url-holding parameters</a>: <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Free registration required"><img alt="Free registration required" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span> <code>registration</code>: a free registration with the provider of the source is required to access the source, even if a limited preview, abstract or review may still be available without registration</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><img alt="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span> <code>limited</code>: there are other constraints (such as a cap on daily views, a restriction to certain day or night times, or providing the contents only to certain IP ranges/locales on behalf of the provider of the source) to freely access this source as a whole</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Paid subscription required"><img alt="Paid subscription required" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="947" /></span></span> <code>subscription</code>: the source as a whole is only accessible via a paid subscription with the provider of the source ("<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paywall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paywall (not yet started)">paywall</a>"), even if a limited preview, abstract or review may still be available without subscription</li></ul></li></ul> <p>As there are often multiple external links with different access levels in the same citation, each value is attributed to a specific external link. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Access_indicators_for_url-holding_parameters">Access indicators for url-holding parameters</h5></div> <p>Online sources linked by <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|article-url=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|chapter-url=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|contribution-url=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|entry-url=</code>, <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|map-url=</code>, and <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|section-url=</code> are presumed to be free-to-read. When they are not free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. Because the sources linked by these url-holding parameters are presumed to be free-to-read, they may not be marked as <code>free</code>. </p> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption>URL-holding and access-indicator parameters </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">URL </th> <th scope="col">Access </th> <th scope="col">Allowed keywords </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url=</code> </th> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|url-access=</code></td> <td rowspan="7"><code>registration</code> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Free registration required"><img alt="Free registration required" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span><br /><code>limited</code> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><img alt="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span><br /><code>subscription</code> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Paid subscription required"><img alt="Paid subscription required" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="947" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|article-url=</code> </th> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|article-url-access=</code> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|chapter-url=</code> </th> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|chapter-url-access=</code> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|contribution-url=</code> </th> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|contribution-url-access=</code> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|entry-url=</code> </th> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|entry-url-access=</code> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|map-url=</code> </th> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|map-url-access=</code> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|section-url=</code> </th> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|section-url-access=</code> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724317"><div class="reflist"> </div> <p>For example, this cites a web page that requires registration but not subscription: </p> <dl><dd>{{cite web |url=https://example.com/nifty_data.php |url-access=registration |date=2021-04-15 |title=Nifty example data}}</dd></dl> <p>which renders as: </p> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://example.com/nifty_data.php">"Nifty example data"</a></span>. 2021-04-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nifty+example+data&rft.date=2021-04-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fexample.com%2Fnifty_data.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATemplate%3ACite+web" class="Z3988"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Access_indicator_for_named_identifiers">Access indicator for named identifiers</h5></div> <p>Links inserted by named identifiers are presumed to lie behind a paywall or registration barrier – exceptions listed below. When they are free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. When the sources linked by these named-identifier parameters are not presumed to carry a free-to-read full text (for instance because they're just abstracting services), they may not be marked as <code>limited</code>, <code>registration</code>, or <code>subscription</code>. </p> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption>Named-identifier and access-indicator parameters </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Identifier </th> <th scope="col">Access </th> <th scope="col">Allowed keywords </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|bibcode=</code> </th> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|bibcode-access=</code></td> <td rowspan="7"><code>free</code> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Freely accessible"><img alt="Freely accessible" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|doi=</code> </th> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|doi-access=</code> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|hdl=</code> </th> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|hdl-access=</code> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|jstor=</code> </th> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|jstor-access=</code> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|ol=</code> </th> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|ol-access=</code> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|osti=</code> </th> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|osti-access=</code> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|s2cid=</code> </th> <td><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|s2cid-access=</code> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Some named-identifiers are always free-to-read. For those named identifiers there are no access-indicator parameters; the access level is automatically indicated by the template. These named identifiers are: </p> <ul><li><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|arxiv=</code></li> <li><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|biorxiv=</code></li> <li><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|citeseerx=</code></li> <li><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|pmc=</code></li> <li><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|rfc=</code></li> <li><code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|ssrn=</code></li></ul> <p>For embargoed <b>pmc</b> that will become available in the future, see <b id="csdoc_Embargo">pmc-embargo-date</b>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="TemplateData">TemplateData</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724267"><table class="box-Warning plainlinks ombox ombox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stop_hand_nuvola.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Warning"><img alt="Warning" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Stop_hand_nuvola.svg/40px-Stop_hand_nuvola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Stop_hand_nuvola.svg/60px-Stop_hand_nuvola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Stop_hand_nuvola.svg/80px-Stop_hand_nuvola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="240" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="text-align: left;">This section contains configuration data used by editing tools and automated bots. Changes to this data can result in widespread and unintended effects. For more information see <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1#TemplateData" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Help:Citation Style 1#TemplateData</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="templatedata-header">This is the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:TemplateData" title="Wikipedia:TemplateData">TemplateData</a> for this template used by <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:TemplateWizard" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:TemplateWizard">TemplateWizard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor" title="Wikipedia:VisualEditor">VisualEditor</a> and other tools. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bambots.brucemyers.com/TemplateParam.php?wiki=enwiki&template=Cite+web">See a monthly parameter usage report</a> for <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Template:Cite web</a> in articles based on its TemplateData. <p><b>TemplateData for Cite web</b> </p> </div> <p><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Template:Cite web</a> uses standard parameter set; TemplateData has errors: </p> <div style="color:#d33; font-style: normal"> <ul><li><code style="color: inherit; background: inherit; border: none; padding: inherit">|authors=</code> is not a valid parameter</li></ul></div> <section class="mw-templatedata-doc-wrap"><header><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-desc">Formats a citation to a website using the provided information such as URL and title. Used only for sources that are not correctly described by the specific citation templates for books, journals, news sources, etc.</p></header><table class="wikitable mw-templatedata-doc-params sortable"><caption><p class="mw-templatedata-caption">Template parameters<span class="mw-editsection-like"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_web/doc&action=edit&templatedata=edit" title="Template:Cite web/doc">Edit template data</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></p><p><span class="oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-template-format-inline oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement-invisible oo-ui-iconWidget"></span><span class="mw-templatedata-format">This template prefers inline formatting of parameters.</span></p></caption><thead><tr><th colspan="2">Parameter</th><th>Description</th><th>Type</th><th>Status</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th>Last name</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">last1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author1-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">surname1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author-last1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">subject1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">surname</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">subject</code></td><td><p>The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-suggested" data-sort-value="1">suggested</td></tr><tr><th>First name</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>first</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">given</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author-first</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">first1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">given1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author-first1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author1-first</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-suggested" data-sort-value="1">suggested</td></tr><tr><th>Author link</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>author-link</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author-link1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author1-link</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">subject-link</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">subject-link1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">subject1-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Last name 2</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>last2</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author2</code></td><td><p>The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link2'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>First name 2</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>first2</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Author link 2</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>author-link2</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author2-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second author.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Last name 3</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>last3</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author3</code></td><td><p>The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link3'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>First name 3</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>first3</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Author link 3</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>author-link3</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author3-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Last name 4</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>last4</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author4</code></td><td><p>The surname of the fourth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link4'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>First name 4</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>first4</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth author; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Author link 4</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>author-link4</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author4-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth author.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Last name 5</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>last5</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author5</code></td><td><p>The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link5'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>First name 5</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>first5</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Author link 5</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>author-link5</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author5-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth author.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Last name 6</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>last6</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author6</code></td><td><p>The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link6'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>First name 6</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>first6</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Author link 6</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>author-link6</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author6-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Last name 7</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>last7</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author7</code></td><td><p>The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link7'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>First name 7</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>first7</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Author link 7</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>author-link7</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author7-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Last name 8</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>last8</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author8</code></td><td><p>The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link8'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>First name 8</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>first8</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Author link 8</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>author-link8</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author8-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Last name 9</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>last9</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author9</code></td><td><p>The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link9'. If nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the last author.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>First name 9</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>first9</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Author link 9</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>author-link9</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author9-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Authors list</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>authors</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">people</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">host</code></td><td><p>List of authors as a free form list. Use of this parameter is discouraged, "lastn" to "firstn" are preferable. Warning: do not use if last or any of its aliases are used.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Author mask</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>author-mask</code></td><td><p>Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Display authors</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>display-authors</code></td><td><p>Number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used. By default, all authors are displayed. Examples: |display-authors=2 will display only the first two authors in a citation followed by et al. |display-authors=etal displays all authors in the list followed by et al.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Name list style</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>name-list-style</code></td><td><p>Set to 'amp' or 'and' to change the separator between the last two names of the name list to ' & ' or ' and ', respectively. Set to 'vanc' to display name lists in Vancouver style.</p><dl><dt>Suggested values</dt><dd><code>amp</code> <code>and</code> <code>vanc</code></dd></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Source date</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>date</code></td><td><p>Full date when the source was published; if unknown, use access-date instead; do not wikilink</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Date</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-suggested" data-sort-value="1">suggested</td></tr><tr><th>Year of publication</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>year</code></td><td><p>Year of the source being referenced; deprecated in favor of 'date', except for the special case of ISO dates with disambiguating letter</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Original date</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>orig-date</code></td><td><p>Original date of publication; provide specifics</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor last name</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor1-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor</code></td><td><p>The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor first name</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor-first</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor1-first</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-first'</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor link</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor-link</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor1-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor last name 2</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor2-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor2</code></td><td><p>The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor first name 2</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor2-first</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor link 2</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor2-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second editor.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor last name 3</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor3-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor3</code></td><td><p>The surname of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor first name 3</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor3-first</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third editor; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor link 3</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor3-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third editor.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor last name 4</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor4-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor4</code></td><td><p>The surname of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor first name 4</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor4-first</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth editor; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor link 4</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor4-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth editor.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor last name 5</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor5-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor5</code></td><td><p>The surname of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor first name 5</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor5-first</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth editor; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor link 5</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor5-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth editor.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor last name 6</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor6-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor6</code></td><td><p>The surname of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor first name 6</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor6-first</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth editor; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor link 6</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor6-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth editor.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor last name 7</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor7-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor7</code></td><td><p>The surname of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor first name 7</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor7-first</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh editor; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor link 7</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor7-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh editor.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor last name 8</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor8-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor8</code></td><td><p>The surname of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor first name 8</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor8-first</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth editor; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor link 8</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor8-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth editor.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor last name 9</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor9-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor9</code></td><td><p>The surname of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor first name 9</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor9-first</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth editor; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor link 9</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor9-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth editor.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Others</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>others</code></td><td><p>Used to record other (non-author) contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'. Only one ''others'' parameter is allowed: e.g., 'Illustrated by Jane Doe; Translated by John Smith'</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Title</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>title</code></td><td><p>The title of the source page on the website; will display with quotation marks added. Usually found at the top of your web browser. Not the name of the website.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-required" data-sort-value="2">required</td></tr><tr><th>Script title</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>script-title</code></td><td><p>For titles in languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc). Prefix with two-character ISO639-1 language code followed by a colon. For Japanese use: |script-title=ja:...</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translated title</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>trans-title</code></td><td><p>An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>URL</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>url</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">URL</code></td><td><p>The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found. Requires schemes of the type "http://..." or maybe even the protocol relative scheme "//..."</p><dl><dt>Example</dt><dd>https://www.metacritic.com//...</dd></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">URL</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-required" data-sort-value="2">required</td></tr><tr><th>URL access level</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>url-access</code></td><td><p>Classification of the access restrictions on the URL ('registration', 'subscription' or 'limited')</p><dl><dt>Suggested values</dt><dd><code>registration</code> <code>subscription</code> <code>limited</code></dd></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>URL status</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>url-status</code></td><td><p>If set to 'live', the title display is adjusted; useful for when the URL is archived preemptively but still live. Set to "dead" or 'usurped' for broken links. Entering 'unfit' or 'usurped' makes the original link not appear at all.</p><dl><dt>Suggested values</dt><dd><code>dead</code> <code>live</code> <code>usurped</code> <code>unfit</code></dd><dt>Default</dt><dd>'dead' if an Archive URL is entered</dd><dt>Example</dt><dd>'dead' or 'live'</dd></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-suggested" data-sort-value="1">suggested</td></tr><tr><th>Archive URL</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>archive-url</code></td><td><p>The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archive-date'</p><dl><dt>Auto value</dt><dd><code></code></dd></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">URL</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-suggested" data-sort-value="1">suggested</td></tr><tr><th>Archive date</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>archive-date</code></td><td><p>Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Date</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-suggested" data-sort-value="1">suggested</td></tr><tr><th>Archive format</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>archive-format</code></td><td><p>Format of the archived copy; examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>URL access date</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>access-date</code></td><td><p>The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Date</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-suggested" data-sort-value="1">suggested</td></tr><tr><th>Name of the website</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>website</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">work</code></td><td><p>Title (name) of the website (or its short URL if no plain-language title is discernible); may be wikilinked; will display in italics. Having both 'publisher' and 'website' is redundant in many cases.</p><dl><dt>Example</dt><dd>[[Rotten Tomatoes]]</dd></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-suggested" data-sort-value="1">suggested</td></tr><tr><th>Series identifier</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>series</code></td><td><p>Series identifier when the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Publisher</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>publisher</code></td><td><p>Name of the publisher; may be wikilinked. Having both 'publisher' and 'website' (a.k.a. 'work') is redundant in many cases.</p><dl><dt>Example</dt><dd>[[CBS Interactive]] (which owns "Metacritic.com")</dd></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Location of publication</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>location</code></td><td><p>Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place; alias of 'place'</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Page</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>page</code></td><td><p>Page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Pages</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>pages</code></td><td><p>Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source); displays after 'pp.'</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>At</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>at</code></td><td><p>May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Language</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>language</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">lang</code></td><td><p>The language in which the source is written, if not English; use the full language name or one of the standard MediaWiki language codes; do not use icons or templates; separate multiple languages with commas (with no 'and' before the last one)</p><dl><dt>Example</dt><dd>de, fr, es</dd></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Type</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>type</code></td><td><p>Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Format</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>format</code></td><td><p>Format of the work referred to by 'url'; examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Place of publication</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>publication-place</code></td><td><p>Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at'</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Publication date</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>publication-date</code></td><td><p>Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Date</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Published via</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>via</code></td><td><p>Name of the entity hosting the original copy of the work, if different from the publisher. This entity is committed not to alter the work.</p><dl><dt>Example</dt><dd>[[GitHub]], [[SourceForge]], [[CodePlex]], [[YouTube]], [[Vimeo]], [[Dailymotion]], [[Netflix]], [[Archive.org]], [[Wikimedia Commons]], [[grc.com]]</dd></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>No pp</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>no-pp</code></td><td><p>Set to 'y' to suppress the 'p.' or 'pp.' display with 'page' or 'pages' when inappropriate (such as 'Front cover')</p><dl><dt>Auto value</dt><dd><code>y</code></dd></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Boolean</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>arXiv identifier</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>arxiv</code></td><td><p>An identifier for arXive electronic preprints of scientific papers</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>ASIN</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>asin</code></td><td><p>Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>ASIN TLD</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>asin-tld</code></td><td><p>ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Bibcode</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>bibcode</code></td><td><p>Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>biorXiv</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>biorxiv</code></td><td><p>biorXiv identifier; 6 digits</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>CiteSeerX</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>citeseerx</code></td><td><p>CiteSeerX identifier; found after the 'doi=' query parameter</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>DOI</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>doi</code></td><td><p>Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.'</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>DOI broken date</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>doi-broken-date</code></td><td><p>The date that the DOI was determined to be broken</p><dl><dt>Auto value</dt><dd><code></code></dd></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Date</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>ISBN</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>isbn</code></td><td><p>International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>ISSN</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>issn</code></td><td><p>International Standard Serial Number; 8 characters; may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>jfm code</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>jfm</code></td><td><p>Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>JSTOR</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>jstor</code></td><td><p>JSTOR identifier</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>LCCN</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>lccn</code></td><td><p>Library of Congress Control Number</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>MR</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>mr</code></td><td><p>Mathematical Reviews identifier</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>OCLC</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>oclc</code></td><td><p>Online Computer Library Center number</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>OL</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>ol</code></td><td><p>Open Library identifier</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>OSTI</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>osti</code></td><td><p>Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>PMC</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>pmc</code></td><td><p>PubMed Center article number</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>PMID</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>pmid</code></td><td><p>PubMed Unique Identifier</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>RFC</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>rfc</code></td><td><p>Request for Comments number</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>SSRN</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>ssrn</code></td><td><p>Social Science Research Network</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Zbl</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>zbl</code></td><td><p>Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>id</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>id</code></td><td><p>A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Quote</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>quote</code></td><td><p>Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; must include terminating punctuation</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Ref</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>ref</code></td><td><p>An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Postscript</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>postscript</code></td><td><p>The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined</p><dl><dt>Default</dt><dd>.</dd></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Edition</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>edition</code></td><td><p>Specify the edition or revision of the source, when applicable. For example: '2nd' or '5.1'. What you supply here is suffixed by ' ed.'</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Bibcode access level</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>bibcode-access</code></td><td><p>If the full text is available from ADS via this Bibcode, type 'free'.</p><dl><dt>Auto value</dt><dd><code>free</code></dd></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>DOI access level</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>doi-access</code></td><td><p>If the full text is free to read via the DOI, type 'free'.</p><dl><dt>Auto value</dt><dd><code>free</code></dd></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>HDL access level</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>hdl-access</code></td><td><p>If the full text is free to read via the HDL, type 'free'.</p><dl><dt>Auto value</dt><dd><code>free</code></dd></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Jstor access level</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>jstor-access</code></td><td><p>If the full text is free to read on Jstor, type 'free'.</p><dl><dt>Auto value</dt><dd><code>free</code></dd></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>OpenLibrary access level</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>ol-access</code></td><td><p>If the full text is free to read on OpenLibrary, type 'free'.</p><dl><dt>Auto value</dt><dd><code>free</code></dd></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>OSTI access level</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>osti-access</code></td><td><p>If the full text is free to read on OSTI, type 'free'.</p><dl><dt>Auto value</dt><dd><code>free</code></dd></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr></tbody></table></section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9122492">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Citation_Style_1" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9122447"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_Style_1" title="Template:Citation Style 1"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Citation_Style_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Citation Style 1 (not yet started)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Citation_Style_1&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Citation_Style_1" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Citation Style 1</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General <br />templates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">Cite book</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></dt> <dd>books</dd> <dt><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_conference" title="Template:Cite conference">Cite conference</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></dt> <dd>conference papers</dd> <dt><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">Cite encyclopedia</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></dt> <dd>edited collections</dd> <dt><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_interview" title="Template:Cite interview">Cite interview</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></dt> <dd>interviews</dd> <dt><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">Cite journal</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></dt> <dd>academic journals and papers</dd> <dt><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_magazine" title="Template:Cite magazine">Cite magazine</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></dt> <dd>magazines</dd> <dt><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_mailing_list" title="Template:Cite mailing list">Cite mailing list</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></dt> <dd>public mailing lists</dd> <dt><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_map" title="Template:Cite map">Cite map</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></dt> <dd>maps</dd> <dt><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">Cite news</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></dt> <dd>news articles</dd> <dt><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_newsgroup" title="Template:Cite newsgroup">Cite newsgroup</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></dt> <dd>online newsgroups</dd> <dt><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_press_release" title="Template:Cite press release">Cite press release</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></dt> <dd>press releases</dd> <dt><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_report" title="Template:Cite report">Cite report</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></dt> <dd>unpublished reports</dd> <dt><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_sign" title="Template:Cite sign">Cite sign</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></dt> <dd>signs, plaques</dd> <dt><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_speech" title="Template:Cite speech">Cite speech</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></dt> <dd>speeches</dd> <dt><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_techreport" title="Template:Cite techreport">Cite techreport</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></dt> <dd>technical reports</dd> <dt><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_thesis" title="Template:Cite thesis">Cite thesis</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></dt> <dd>theses</dd> <dt><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cite web</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></dt> <dd>web sources</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Preprint templates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_arXiv" title="Template:Cite arXiv">Cite arXiv</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_bioRxiv" title="Template:Cite bioRxiv">Cite bioRxiv</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_CiteSeerX" title="Template:Cite CiteSeerX">Cite CiteSeerX</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_ssrn" title="Template:Cite ssrn">Cite ssrn</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Audiovisual-related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_AV_media" title="Template:Cite AV media">Cite AV media</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_AV_media_notes" title="Template:Cite AV media notes">Cite AV media notes</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_episode" title="Template:Cite episode">Cite episode</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_podcast" title="Template:Cite podcast">Cite podcast</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_serial" title="Template:Cite serial">Cite serial</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Categories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Citation_Style_1_templates" title="Category:Citation Style 1 templates">Citation Style 1 templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Citation_Style_1_specific-source_templates" title="Category:Citation Style 1 specific-source templates">Citation Style 1 specific-source templates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Documentation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_Style_documentation" title="Template:Citation Style documentation">Citation Style documentation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help_talk:Citation_Style_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help talk:Citation Style 1 (not yet started)">Citation Style 1 noticeboard</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9122492"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikipedia_referencing" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9122447"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_referencing" title="Template:Wikipedia referencing"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Wikipedia_referencing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Wikipedia referencing (not yet started)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Wikipedia_referencing&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_referencing" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">Wikipedia referencing</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Policies and guidelines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">Verifiability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">No original research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">Biographies of living persons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">Reliable sources</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)">Medicine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">Citing sources</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Scientific_citation_guidelines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Scientific citation guidelines (not yet started)">Scientific citations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General advice</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">Citation needed</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Find_sources&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:Find sources (not yet started)">Find sources</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Combining_sources&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Combining sources (not yet started)">Combining sources</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Offline_sources&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Offline sources (not yet started)">Offline sources</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Overview_of_referencing_styles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:Overview of referencing styles (not yet started)">Referencing styles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">Citing sources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Citation Style 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_2" title="Help:Citation Style 2">Citation Style 2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Citation_Style_Vancouver&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:Citation Style Vancouver (not yet started)">Citation Style Vancouver</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:LSA_style_citation_templates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:LSA style citation templates (not yet started)">LSA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Comics_citation_templates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Comics citation templates (not yet started)">Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_templates" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Citation templates">Citation templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Reflist" title="Template:Reflist">Reflist template</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Inline_citation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Inline citation (not yet started)">Inline citations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Footnotes" title="Help:Footnotes">Footnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#Punctuation" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">Punctuation and footnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Shortened_footnotes" title="Help:Shortened footnotes">Shortened footnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Nesting_footnotes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Nesting footnotes (not yet started)">Nesting footnotes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Referencing_for_beginners&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:Referencing for beginners (not yet started)">Help for beginners</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Reftags&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:Reftags (not yet started)">Reference-tags</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Citations_quick_reference&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:Citations quick reference (not yet started)">Citations quick reference</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Introduction_to_referencing_with_Wiki_Markup/1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1 (not yet started)">Introduction to referencing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Referencing_for_beginners_with_citation_templates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:Referencing for beginners with citation templates (not yet started)">Referencing with citation templates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Referencing_for_beginners_without_using_templates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:Referencing for beginners without using templates (not yet started)">Referencing without using templates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:References_dos_and_don%27ts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:References dos and don'ts (not yet started)">Referencing dos and don'ts</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Citing_Wikipedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Citing Wikipedia (not yet started)">Citing Wikipedia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Advanced help</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Cite_link_labels&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:Cite link labels (not yet started)">Cite link labels</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Citation_tools&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:Citation tools (not yet started)">Citation tools</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Cite_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:Cite errors (not yet started)">Cite errors</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Cite_messages&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:Cite messages (not yet started)">Cite messages</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Converting_between_references_formats&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:Converting between references formats (not yet started)">Converting between references formats</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Reference_display_customization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:Reference display customization (not yet started)">Reference display customization</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:References_and_page_numbers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:References and page numbers (not yet started)">References and page numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Guidance_on_source_reviewing_at_FAC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Guidance on source reviewing at FAC (not yet started)">Guidance on source reviewing at FAC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Template documentation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Edit_refs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Edit refs (not yet started)">Edit refs</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Refref&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Refref (not yet started)">Refref</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Refref2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Refref2 (not yet started)">Refref2</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Refstart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Refstart (not yet started)">Refstart</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library">Wikipedia Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deprecation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deprecation (not yet started)">Deprecated</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Parenthetical_referencing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Parenthetical referencing (not yet started)">Parenthetical referencing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><i>This template produces <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COinS" class="extiw" title="w:COinS">COinS</a> metadata; see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:COinS" title="Wikipedia:COinS">COinS in Wikipedia</a> for background information.</i> </p> <div class="documentation-clear"></div> </div> <div role="note" class="documentation-metadata plainlinks">The <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_documentation" title="Wikipedia:Template documentation">documentation</a> on top is <a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Transclusion">transcluded</a> from <a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web/doc" title="Template:Cite web/doc">Template:Cite web/doc</a>. <span class="documentation-toolbar">(<a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cite_web/doc" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cite web/doc">edit</a> | <a href="/wiki/Special:PageHistory/Template:Cite_web/doc" title="Special:PageHistory/Template:Cite web/doc">history</a>)</span><br />Editors can experiment in this template's sandbox <span class="documentation-toolbar">(<a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_web/sandbox&action=edit&preload=Template%3ADocumentation%2Fpreload-sandbox">create</a> | <a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_web/sandbox&preload=Template%3ADocumentation%2Fmirror&action=edit&summary=Create+sandbox+version+of+%5B%5BTemplate%3ACite+web%5D%5D">mirror</a>)</span> and testcases <span class="documentation-toolbar">(<a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_web/testcases&action=edit&preload=Template%3ADocumentation%2Fpreload-testcases">create</a>)</span> pages.<br />Add categories to the <a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web/doc" title="Template:Cite web/doc">/doc</a> subpage. <a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/Template:Cite_web/" title="Special:PrefixIndex/Template:Cite web/">Subpages of this template</a>.</div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_web&oldid=5844569">https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_web&oldid=5844569</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Templates_used_by_AutoWikiBrowser" title="Category:Templates used by AutoWikiBrowser">Templates used by AutoWikiBrowser</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Templates_based_on_the_Citation/CS1_Lua_module" title="Category:Templates based on the Citation/CS1 Lua module">Templates based on the Citation/CS1 Lua module</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Templates_generating_COinS" title="Category:Templates generating COinS">Templates generating COinS</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Citation_Style_1_templates" title="Category:Citation Style 1 templates">Citation Style 1 templates</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_JsonConfig_extension" title="Category:Pages using the JsonConfig extension">Pages using the JsonConfig extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_transcluding_nonexistent_sections" title="Category:Pages transcluding nonexistent sections">Pages transcluding nonexistent sections</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_fully_protected_templates" title="Category:Wikipedia fully protected templates">Wikipedia fully protected templates</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_French-language_sources_(fr)" title="Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)">CS1 French-language sources (fr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Greek-language_sources_(el)" title="Category:CS1 Greek-language sources (el)">CS1 Greek-language sources (el)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">CS1 maint: unfit URL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Templates_using_TemplateData" title="Category:Templates using TemplateData">Templates using TemplateData</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last changed on 30 October 2017, at 21:54.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the GNU Free Documentation License">GFDL</a>; additional terms may apply. See <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</a> for details.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/simple.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//simple.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_web&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7d9797f5d-hfrw2","wgBackendResponseTime":128,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.426","walltime":"1.724","ppvisitednodes":{"value":21689,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":946022,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":41949,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":21,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":14,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":137065,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1449.466 1 -total","100.00% 1449.466 1 Template:Documentation"," 95.26% 1380.740 1 Template:Cite_web/doc"," 59.63% 864.384 35 Template:Csdoc"," 15.85% 229.763 22 Template:Cite_web"," 10.80% 156.483 20 Template:Markup2"," 8.74% 126.754 2 Template:Lang"," 8.49% 123.042 461 Template:Para"," 5.39% 78.056 19 Template:Crossref"," 4.43% 64.231 20 Template:Hatnote_inline"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.998","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":21555743,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-647f8b45db-kbbbq","timestamp":"20241118164748","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>