Books & Reports | Council on Foreign Relations

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class="main-header__nav-list-item-link">Topics</a> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown"> <button class="main-header__nav-dropdown-toggle"></button> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-container"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-featured"> <div class="main-header__featured"> <div class="main-header__featured-title">Featured</div> <div class="main-header__featured-content"> <section class="card-article article card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/energy-and-environment/climate-change" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> Climate Change </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/backgrounder/paris-global-climate-change-agreements " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Global Climate Agreements: Successes and Failures</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2020/10/climate.jpg.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Introduction Over the last several decades, governments have collectively pledged to slow global warming. But despite intensified diplomacy, the world is already facing the consequences of climate…</div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Backgrounder</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by Lindsay Maizland and <a href="/bio/clara-fong" class="card-article__authors-link">Clara Fong</a></span> <span class="card-article__date"> January 21, 2025</span> <a href="/programs/renewing-america" class="card-article__series"> Renewing America </a> </p> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-list"> <ul class="main-header__secondary-nav-list"> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/defense-and-security" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Defense & Security</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/diplomacy-and-international-institutions" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Diplomacy & International Institutions</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/economics" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Economics</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/energy-and-environment" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Energy & Environment</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/health" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Health</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/human-rights" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Human Rights</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/politics-and-government" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Politics & Government</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/social-issues" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Social Issues</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="main-header__nav-list-item main-header__nav-list-item--with-dropdown"> <a href="/regions" class="main-header__nav-list-item-link">Regions</a> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown"> <button class="main-header__nav-dropdown-toggle"></button> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-container"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-featured"> <div class="main-header__featured"> <div class="main-header__featured-title">Featured</div> <div class="main-header__featured-content"> <section class="card-article article card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/asia/myanmar" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> Myanmar </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/backgrounder/myanmar-history-coup-military-rule-ethnic-conflict-rohingya " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Myanmar’s Troubled History</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2021/02/myanmarbgr.jpg.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Introduction Throughout its decades of independence, Myanmar has struggled with military rule, civil war, poor governance, and widespread poverty. A military coup in February 2021 dashed hopes for…</div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Backgrounder</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by Lindsay Maizland</span> <span class="card-article__date"> January 31, 2022</span> </p> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-list"> <ul class="main-header__secondary-nav-list"> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/americas" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Americas</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/asia" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Asia</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/europe-and-eurasia" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Europe & Eurasia</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/global-commons" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Global Commons</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/middle-east-and-north-africa" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Middle East & North Africa</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/oceania" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Oceania</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/sub-saharan-africa" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Sub-Saharan Africa</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="main-header__nav-list-item main-header__nav-list-item--with-dropdown"> <a href="/explainers" class="main-header__nav-list-item-link">Explainers</a> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown"> <button class="main-header__nav-dropdown-toggle"></button> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-container"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-featured"> <div class="main-header__featured"> <div class="main-header__featured-title">Featured</div> <div class="main-header__featured-content"> <section class="card-article article card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/health" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> Health </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/article/how-new-tobacco-control-laws-could-help-close-racial-gap-us-cancer " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">How Tobacco Laws Could Help Close the Racial Gap on Cancer</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2023/01/GettyImages-1409152899_Resized_0.jpg.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">During the 2020 presidential campaign, Joe Biden promised that his administration would make a “historic effort” to reduce long-running racial inequities in health. Tobacco use—the leading cause of p…</div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Interactive</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by Olivia Angelino, <a href="/expert/thomas-j-bollyky" class="card-article__authors-link">Thomas J. Bollyky</a>, Elle Ruggiero and Isabella Turilli</span> <span class="card-article__date"> February 1, 2023</span> <a href="/programs/global-health-program" class="card-article__series"> Global Health Program </a> </p> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-list"> <ul class="main-header__secondary-nav-list"> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/backgrounders" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Backgrounders</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/inbriefs" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">In Briefs</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/podcasts" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Podcasts</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/videos" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Videos</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/timelines" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Timelines</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/special-projects" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Special Projects</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/infoguides" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">InfoGuides</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="main-header__nav-list-item main-header__nav-list-item--with-dropdown"> <a href="/research-analysis" class="main-header__nav-list-item-link">Research & Analysis</a> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown"> <button class="main-header__nav-dropdown-toggle"></button> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-container"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-featured"> <div class="main-header__featured"> <div class="main-header__featured-title">Featured</div> <div class="main-header__featured-content"> <section class="card-article report card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/economics" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> Economics </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/report/american-views-economic-leadership " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">American Views on Economic Leadership</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2025/03/Cover_web_1.jpg.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Executive Summary In the decades following World War II, the United States was the undisputed leader of the global economic system. It had the strongest economy in the world and championed a set o…</div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Report</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by <a href="/expert/matthew-p-goodman" class="card-article__authors-link">Matthew P. Goodman</a> and <a href="/bio/allison-j-smith" class="card-article__authors-link">Allison J. Smith</a></span> <span class="card-article__date"> March 25, 2025</span> <a href="/programs/realecon" class="card-article__series"> RealEcon </a> </p> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-list"> <ul class="main-header__secondary-nav-list"> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/experts" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Experts</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/programs" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Centers & Programs</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/publications" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Books & Reports</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/blog" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Blogs</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/task-force-program" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Task Force Program</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/fellowships" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Fellowships</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="main-header__nav-list-item main-header__nav-list-item--with-dropdown"> <a href="/outreach" class="main-header__nav-list-item-link">Communities</a> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown"> <button class="main-header__nav-dropdown-toggle"></button> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-container"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-featured"> <div class="main-header__featured"> <div class="main-header__featured-title">Featured</div> <div class="main-header__featured-content"> <section class="card-article event card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/oil-and-petroleum-products" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> Oil and Petroleum Products </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/event/academic-webinar-geopolitics-oil " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Academic Webinar: The Geopolitics of Oil</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <span class="card-article__icon"> <svg viewBox="0 0 15 15" class="icon icon-play" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <title>Play</title> <path d="M0 15V0l15 7.5z" class="icon-fill" fill="none"/> </svg> </span> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_xl/public/image/2023/04/cms%20Saudi%20Arabia%20oil%20refinery%20by%20Ahmed%20Jadallah%20Reuters.jpg.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Webinar</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> with Carolyn Kissane and <a href="https://www.cfr.org/bio/irina-faskianos" class="card-article__authors-link">Irina A. Faskianos</a></span> <span class="card-article__date"> April 12, 2023</span> </p> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-list"> <ul class="main-header__secondary-nav-list"> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/membership" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Members</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/media" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Media</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/congressional-program" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Congress</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/academic/cfr-academic" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Students and Educators</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/state-and-local" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">State & Local Officials</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/outreach/religion-and-foreign-policy-program" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Religion Leaders</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/localjournalists" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Local Journalists</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="main-header__nav-list-item main-header__nav-list-item--with-dropdown"> <a href="/event" class="main-header__nav-list-item-link">Events</a> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown"> <button class="main-header__nav-dropdown-toggle"></button> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-container"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-featured"> <div class="main-header__featured"> <div class="main-header__featured-title">Featured</div> <div class="main-header__featured-content"> <section class="card-article event card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/americas/united-states" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> United States </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/event/c-peter-mccolough-series-international-economics-tom-barkin " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">C. Peter McColough Series on International Economics With Tom Barkin</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <span class="card-article__icon"> <svg viewBox="0 0 15 15" class="icon icon-play" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <title>Play</title> <path d="M0 15V0l15 7.5z" class="icon-fill" fill="none"/> </svg> </span> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_xl/public/image/2025/03/2024-02-08T194800Z_791086772_RC2HY5A0Z5NM_RTRMADP_3_USA-FED-BARKIN.JPG.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Richmond Fed President Tom Barkin discusses U.S. monetary policy and the outlook for inflation and labor markets. The C. Peter McColough Series on International Economics brings the world’s foremo…</div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Virtual Event</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> with Tom Barkin and John Lipsky</span> <span class="card-article__date"> April 1, 2025</span> </p> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-list"> <ul class="main-header__secondary-nav-list"> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/event-series" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Lectureship Series</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/conference-call-series" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Webinars & Conference Calls</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/meeting-types/symposia" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Symposia</a> </li> </ul> 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class="landing-cards-grid landing-cards-grid--4-columns"> <ul class="landing-cards-grid__list-container"> <li class="landing-cards-grid__list-item"> <section class="card-article report card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/economics" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> Economics </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/report/american-views-economic-leadership " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">American Views on Economic Leadership</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2025/03/Cover_web_1.jpg.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Executive Summary In the decades following World War II, the United States was the undisputed leader of the global economic system. It had the strongest economy in the world and championed a set o…</div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Report</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by <a href="/expert/matthew-p-goodman" class="card-article__authors-link">Matthew P. Goodman</a> and <a href="/bio/allison-j-smith" class="card-article__authors-link">Allison J. Smith</a></span> <span class="card-article__date"> March 25, 2025</span> <a href="/programs/realecon" class="card-article__series"> RealEcon </a> </p> </div> </section> </li> <li class="landing-cards-grid__list-item"> <section class="card-article report card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/asia/china" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> China </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/report/countering-threats-posed-chinese-communist-party-us-national-security " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Countering Threats Posed by the Chinese Communist Party to U.S. National Security</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/2025-04/KSD_5014.jpg.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Three questions framed Dr. Doshi’s remarks to the U.S. House Committee on Homeland Security. First, what are Beijing’s ambitions? Second, how does it threaten homeland security in the cyber d…</div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Testimony</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by <a href="/expert/rush-doshi" class="card-article__authors-link">Rush Doshi</a></span> <span class="card-article__date"> March 5, 2025</span> <a href="/programs/china-strategy" class="card-article__series"> China Strategy Initiative </a> </p> </div> </section> </li> <li class="landing-cards-grid__list-item"> <section class="card-article card-article-book-report card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/diplomacy-and-international-institutions/international-law" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> International Law </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/book/eastward-westward " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Eastward, Westward</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <picture> <source media="all and (min-width: 1280px)" type="image/webp" width="169" height="253" data-srcset="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/book_cover_image/9780231215923%20%281%29.jpg.webp 1x"/> <source media="all and (max-width: 1279px) and (min-width: 1024px)" type="image/webp" width="169" height="253" data-srcset="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/book_cover_image/9780231215923%20%281%29.jpg.webp 1x"/> <source media="all and (max-width: 1023px) and (min-width: 750px)" type="image/webp" width="169" height="253" data-srcset="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/book_cover_image/9780231215923%20%281%29.jpg.webp 1x"/> <source media="all and (max-width: 749px)" type="image/webp" width="169" height="253" data-srcset="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/book_cover_image/9780231215923%20%281%29.jpg.webp 1x"/> <img width="169" height="253" alt="" loading="lazy" class="lazyload" data-src="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/book_cover_image/9780231215923%20%281%29.jpg.webp" /> </picture> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Few Americans have done more than Jerome A. Cohen to advance the rule of law in East Asia. The founder of the study of Chinese law in the United States and a tireless advocate for human rights, Cohen…</div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Book</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by <a href="/expert/jerome-cohen" class="card-article__authors-link">Jerome A. Cohen</a></span> <span class="card-article__date"> March 4, 2025</span> <a href="/programs/asia-program" class="card-article__series"> Asia Program </a> </p> </div> </section> </li> <li class="landing-cards-grid__list-item"> <section class="card-article report card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/americas/united-states" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> United States </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/report/emerging-global-threats-putting-americas-national-security-first " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Emerging Global Threats: Putting America’s National Security First</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_portrait_l/public/2025-02/KSD_2489%20%281%29.jpg></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Charles Kupchan, senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, along with Meaghan Mobbs, Brent Sadler, and Jacob Olidort, testified on Tuesday, February 25, 2025 to the House Oversight and Gover…</div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Testimony</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by <a href="/expert/charles-kupchan" class="card-article__authors-link">Charles A. Kupchan</a></span> <span class="card-article__date"> February 25, 2025</span> <a href="/programs/us-foreign-policy-program" class="card-article__series"> U.S. Foreign Policy Program </a> </p> </div> </section> </li> <li class="landing-cards-grid__list-item"> <section class="card-article report card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/programs/china-strategy" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> China Strategy Initiative </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/report/examining-policies-counter-china " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Examining Policies to Counter China</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/2025-04/JNA_7059.jpg.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Four questions framed Dr. Rush Doshi’s remarks to the U.S. House Committee on Financial Services: What are Beijing’s ambitions? What is Beijing’s strategy to achieve its ambitions? Is the s…</div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Testimony</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by <a href="/expert/rush-doshi" class="card-article__authors-link">Rush Doshi</a></span> <span class="card-article__date"> February 25, 2025</span> <a href="/programs/china-strategy" class="card-article__series"> China Strategy Initiative </a> </p> </div> </section> </li> <li class="landing-cards-grid__list-item"> <section class="card-article report card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/europe-and-eurasia/ukraine" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> Ukraine </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/report/rebuilding-ukraine " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Rebuilding Ukraine</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2025/02/Option%201.2.jpg.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">To rebuild Ukraine’s economy successfully, argue the authors, policymakers should help facilitate the return of Ukrainian workers and private investment by developing a long-term recovery strategy. </div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Report</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by Charles Becker, Peter Devine, Aaron Lam, Michelle Schultze and Eva Spektorov </span> <span class="card-article__date"> February 21, 2025</span> <a href="/programs/wachenheim-program-peace-and-security" class="card-article__series"> Wachenheim Program on Peace and Security </a> </p> </div> </section> </li> <li class="landing-cards-grid__list-item"> <section class="card-article report card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/europe-and-eurasia/ukraine" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> Ukraine </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/report/ukraine-nato-and-war-termination " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Ukraine, NATO, and War Termination</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2025/02/Ukraine%2C%20NATO%2C%20and%20War%20Termination%20Cover%20Resized.jpg.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">The United States has an unquestionable interest in ending the Russia-Ukraine war. Equally imperative, argue Carnegie Endowment for International Peace’s Eric Ciaramella and Eric Green, is safeguarding Ukraine’s postwar sovereignty and security while signaling to Russia and other adversaries that attempting to change borders through force will incur a heavy cost. </div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Report</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by Eric Ciaramella and <a href="/bio/eric-green-0" class="card-article__authors-link">Eric Green</a></span> <span class="card-article__date"> February 14, 2025</span> <a href="/programs/wachenheim-program-peace-and-security" class="card-article__series"> Wachenheim Program on Peace and Security </a> </p> </div> </section> </li> <li class="landing-cards-grid__list-item"> <section class="card-article card-article-book-report card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/global-commons/space" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> Space </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/task-force-report/securing-space " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Securing Space: A Plan for U.S. Action</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <picture> <source media="all and (min-width: 1280px)" type="image/webp" width="169" height="253" data-srcset="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/image/2025/02/CFR_TFR82_Space_FrontCover_2025-02-04.jpg.webp 1x"/> <source media="all and (max-width: 1279px) and (min-width: 1024px)" type="image/webp" width="169" height="253" data-srcset="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/image/2025/02/CFR_TFR82_Space_FrontCover_2025-02-04.jpg.webp 1x"/> <source media="all and (max-width: 1023px) and (min-width: 750px)" type="image/webp" width="169" height="253" data-srcset="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/image/2025/02/CFR_TFR82_Space_FrontCover_2025-02-04.jpg.webp 1x"/> <source media="all and (max-width: 749px)" type="image/webp" width="169" height="253" data-srcset="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/image/2025/02/CFR_TFR82_Space_FrontCover_2025-02-04.jpg.webp 1x"/> <img width="169" height="253" alt="" loading="lazy" class="lazyload" data-src="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/image/2025/02/CFR_TFR82_Space_FrontCover_2025-02-04.jpg.webp" /> </picture> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">As outer space becomes more congested with debris and international tensions escalate, the threat to U.S. national security grows. The United States must act now to reassert its leadership and create pathways for management in this critical strategic domain. </div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Task Force Report</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by Nina M. Armagno, Jane Harman, <a href="/expert/esther-brimmer" class="card-article__authors-link">Esther Brimmer</a> and <a href="/bio/anya-schmemann" class="card-article__authors-link">Anya Schmemann</a></span> <span class="card-article__date"> February 11, 2025</span> </p> </div> </section> </li> <li class="landing-cards-grid__list-item"> <section class="card-article report card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/economics/trade" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> Trade </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/report/tariffs-trading-partners-can-president-actually-do " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Tariffs on Trading Partners: Can the President Actually Do That? </p> <div class="card-article__image"> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2025/02/2023-06-08T110230Z_229146447_RC2U7Z9AERJW_RTRMADP_3_CALIFORNIA-PORT-AUTOMATION%20%282%29.JPG.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Though Congress holds power over regulating commerce with foreign nations, it has incrementally delegated significant authority to the president, giving him broad discretion to take trade actions.     </div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Report</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by <a href="/expert/inu-manak" class="card-article__authors-link">Inu Manak</a> and <a href="/bio/helena-kopans-johnson" class="card-article__authors-link">Helena Kopans-Johnson</a></span> <span class="card-article__date"> February 4, 2025</span> <a href="/programs/greenberg-center-geoeconomic-studies" class="card-article__series"> Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies </a> </p> </div> </section> </li> <li class="landing-cards-grid__list-item"> <section class="card-article report card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/europe-and-eurasia/ukraine" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> Ukraine </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/report/defending-ukraine-absence-nato-security-guarantees " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Defending Ukraine in the Absence of NATO Security Guarantees</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_portrait_l/public/image/2025/01/Cover%20Photo%201%20%281%29.jpg></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">A cease-fire deal with Russia will not ensure Ukraine’s long-term security. CFR’s Paul Stares and the Brookings Institution’s Michael O’Hanlon argue for a multilayered defense system that could prevent another invasion while being financially sustainable for Ukraine’s allies. </div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Report</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by <a href="/expert/paul-b-stares" class="card-article__authors-link">Paul B. Stares</a> and Michael O'Hanlon</span> <span class="card-article__date"> January 30, 2025</span> <a href="/programs/wachenheim-program-peace-and-security" class="card-article__series"> Wachenheim Program on Peace and Security </a> </p> </div> </section> </li> <li class="landing-cards-grid__list-item"> <section class="card-article card-article-book-report card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/health/public-health-threats-and-pandemics" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> Public Health Threats and Pandemics </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/book/when-world-closed-its-doors " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">When the World Closed Its Doors</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <picture> <source media="all and (min-width: 1280px)" type="image/webp" width="168" height="253" data-srcset="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/book_cover_image/Cover_When%20the%20World%20Closed%20its%20Doors.jpg.webp 1x"/> <source media="all and (max-width: 1279px) and (min-width: 1024px)" type="image/webp" width="168" height="253" data-srcset="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/book_cover_image/Cover_When%20the%20World%20Closed%20its%20Doors.jpg.webp 1x"/> <source media="all and (max-width: 1023px) and (min-width: 750px)" type="image/webp" width="168" height="253" data-srcset="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/book_cover_image/Cover_When%20the%20World%20Closed%20its%20Doors.jpg.webp 1x"/> <source media="all and (max-width: 749px)" type="image/webp" width="168" height="253" data-srcset="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/book_cover_image/Cover_When%20the%20World%20Closed%20its%20Doors.jpg.webp 1x"/> <img width="168" height="253" alt="" loading="lazy" class="lazyload" data-src="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/book_cover_image/Cover_When%20the%20World%20Closed%20its%20Doors.jpg.webp" /> </picture> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">A detailed exploration of the most sweeping government border closures in human history during the COVID-19 pandemic and the implications for the future of global mobility.</div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Book</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by <a href="/expert/edward-alden" class="card-article__authors-link">Edward Alden</a> and Laurie Trautman</span> <span class="card-article__date"> January 7, 2025</span> </p> </div> </section> </li> <li class="landing-cards-grid__list-item"> <section class="card-article report card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/diplomacy-and-international-institutions/conflict-prevention" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> Conflict Prevention </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/report/conflicts-watch-2025 " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Conflicts to Watch in 2025</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2025/01/PPS25_web.jpg.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">U.S. foreign policy experts rank the thirty global conflicts that could most significantly affect the United States in 2025. </div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Report</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by <a href="/expert/paul-b-stares" class="card-article__authors-link">Paul B. Stares</a></span> <span class="card-article__date"> January 7, 2025</span> <a href="/programs/center-preventive-action" class="card-article__series"> Center for Preventive Action </a> </p> </div> </section> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <ul class="js-pager__items pager" data-drupal-views-infinite-scroll-pager> <li class="pager__item"> <a class="button" href="?page=1" title="Load more items" rel="next">Load More</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="chapters"> <div class="chapters__btn-toggle"> <svg viewBox="0 0 20 11" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon icon-up-arrow"> <path d="M1 10l9.09-8.333L19.183 10" class="icon-stroke" fill="none"/> </svg> </div> <div class="chapters__nav"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </main> <div id="main-footer-anchor"></div> <footer class="main-footer"> <div class="main-footer__wrapper"> <a href="/" class="main-footer__logo-btn"> <svg viewBox="0 0 125 60" class="main-footer__logo-signature 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