CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" class="no-js"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://irp.nih.gov/about-us/history" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" href="/themes/irp/dist/fonts/montserrat-300.woff2" crossorigin="" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/apple-touch-icon.png" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/favicon-32x32.png" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/favicon-16x16.png" /> <link rel="manifest" href="/site.webmanifest" /> <link rel="mask-icon" color="#20558a" href="/safari-pinned-tab.svg" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#20558a" /> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="/browserconfig.xml" /> <meta name="theme-color" content="#20558a" /> <title>History | NIH Intramural Research Program</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_OcDCXq7zQYzaQqkaZdTUS9375g7jTHGiMtMHe5R6u7s.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=irp&include=eJxFyEEOgCAMBMAPIX3TIg2QVGm69uDvPTrH4ctHL2mglhUuw3aDHSdZHIER8EnpkQ6r_9S8PZstTu0fcUoaMQ" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_ZPi-3uprEOSZb3-xfN9KCFG1ZlYFIsd4rR0nEGuOae0.css?delta=1&language=en&theme=irp&include=eJxFyEEOgCAMBMAPIX3TIg2QVGm69uDvPTrH4ctHL2mglhUuw3aDHSdZHIER8EnpkQ6r_9S8PZstTu0fcUoaMQ" /> </head> <body><a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link">Skip to main content</a> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas><header class="header"><div class="section"><div class="header__wrapper"><div class="header__logo"><div class="block block--content" id="block-sitebranding"><a href="/" class="logo"><img src="/themes/irp/logo.svg" alt="NIH Intramural Research Program, Our Research Changes Lives" width="465" height="63" class="logo__image" /></a> </div></div><div class="header__navcontrol header-navcontrol"><nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-navigationcontrols-menu" class="block block--menu" id="block-navigationcontrols"><h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-navigationcontrols-menu">Navigation controls</h2><ul class="menu-inline-icons"><li class="menu-inline-icons__item"><a href="https://search.nih.gov/search?utf8=%E2%9C%93&affiliate=nih-irp" class="menu-inline-icons__link"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon--search" viewBox="0 0 29 32" width="29" height="32"><use xlink:href="/themes/irp/dist/images/icons/icons.svg?v3#search"></use></svg><span class="menu-inline-icons__text">Search</span></a></li><li class="menu-inline-icons__item"><a href="/site-map" class="menu-inline-icons__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon--menu" viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="32" height="32"><use xlink:href="/themes/irp/dist/images/icons/icons.svg?v3#menu"></use></svg><span class="menu-inline-icons__text">Menu</span></a></li></ul></nav></div><div class="header__search"><div class="block block--content" id="block-irpsearch"><form accept-charset="UTF-8" action="https://search.nih.gov/search" id="search_form" method="get" role="search" class="search"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" /><input name="affiliate" type="hidden" value="nih-irp" /><label class="visually-hidden" for="query">Enter Search Term(s):</label><div class="search__content"><input autocomplete="off" id="query" name="query" type="text" class="search__input" /><button name="commit" type="submit" value="Search" class="search__button"><span class="visually-hidden">Search</span><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon--search" viewBox="0 0 29 32" width="29" height="32"><use xlink:href="/themes/irp/dist/images/icons/icons.svg?v3#search"></use></svg></button></div></form></div></div><div class="header__content header-content"><nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-social-menu" class="block block--menu" id="block-social"><h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-social-menu">Social follow links</h2><ul class="menu-circle-icons"><li class="menu-circle-icons__item"><a href="/podcast" class="menu-circle-icons__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33"><span class="menu-circle-icons__icon"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon--podcast" viewBox="0 0 37 32" width="37" height="32"><use xlink:href="/themes/irp/dist/images/icons/icons.svg?v3#podcast"></use></svg></span><span class="visually-hidden">Podcast</span></a></li><li class="menu-circle-icons__item"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/irpatnih/" class="menu-circle-icons__link"><span class="menu-circle-icons__icon"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon--instagram" viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="32" height="32"><use xlink:href="/themes/irp/dist/images/icons/icons.svg?v3#instagram"></use></svg></span><span class="visually-hidden">Instagram</span></a></li><li class="menu-circle-icons__item"><a href="https://twitter.com/IRPatNIH" class="menu-circle-icons__link"><span class="menu-circle-icons__icon"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon--twitter" viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="32" height="32"><use xlink:href="/themes/irp/dist/images/icons/icons.svg?v3#twitter"></use></svg></span><span class="visually-hidden">Twitter</span></a></li><li class="menu-circle-icons__item"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/IRPNIH" class="menu-circle-icons__link"><span class="menu-circle-icons__icon"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon--youtube" viewBox="0 0 35 32" width="35" height="32"><use xlink:href="/themes/irp/dist/images/icons/icons.svg?v3#youtube"></use></svg></span><span class="visually-hidden">YouTube</span></a></li><li class="menu-circle-icons__item"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/intramural-research-program-irp" class="menu-circle-icons__link"><span class="menu-circle-icons__icon"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon--linkedin" viewBox="0 0 33 32" width="33" height="32"><use xlink:href="/themes/irp/dist/images/icons/icons.svg?v3#linkedin"></use></svg></span><span class="visually-hidden">LinkedIn</span></a></li></ul></nav></div></div></div><div class="header__navbar"><div class="section"><div class="header__navwrapper"><div class="header__nav header-nav"><nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-mainnavigation-menu" class="block block--menu" id="block-mainnavigation"><h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-mainnavigation-menu">Main navigation</h2><ul class="menu menu--level--0"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--0"><a href="/about-us" class="menu__link menu__link--level--0 is-active-trail" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/7">About Us</a><div class="menu__submenu menu__submenu--level--1"><ul class="menu menu--level--1"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/about-us/what-is-the-irp" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13">What Is the IRP?</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/about-us/history" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1 is-active-trail is-active" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/14" aria-current="page">History</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/about-us/honors" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15">Honors</a><div class="menu__submenu menu__submenu--level--2"><ul class="menu menu--level--2"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/honors/nobel-prize" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/43">Nobel Prize</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/honors/lasker-award" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/44">Lasker Award</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/honors/breakthrough-prize" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/45">Breakthrough Prize</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/honors/shaw-prize" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/4021">Shaw Prize</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/honors/presidential-early-career-award-for-scientists-and-engineers-pecase" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/46">Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE)</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/honors/presidential-medal-of-freedom" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/47">Presidential Medal of Freedom</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/honors/national-medal-of-science" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/48">National Medal of Science</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/honors/searle-scholars" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/49">Searle Scholars</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/honors/the-national-academy-of-sciences" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/50">The National Academy of Sciences</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/honors/the-national-academy-of-medicine" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/51">The National Academy of Medicine</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/honors/the-national-academy-of-engineering" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/52">The National Academy of Engineering</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/honors/the-american-academy-of-arts-and-sciences" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/53">The American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/honors/national-medal-of-technology-and-innovation" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/54">National Medal of Technology & Innovation</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/honors/samuel-j-heyman-service-to-america-medals" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/55">Samuel J. Heyman Service to America Medals</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/honors/crafoord-prize" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/56">Crafoord Prize</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/honors/fellows-of-the-royal-society" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3227">Fellows of the Royal Society</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/honors/canada-gairdner-awards" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/57">Canada Gairdner Awards</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/about-us/organization-and-leadership" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/16">Organization & Leadership</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/about-us/our-programs" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/17">Our Programs</a><div class="menu__submenu menu__submenu--level--2"><ul class="menu menu--level--2"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/nci" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/58">NCI</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/nei" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/59">NEI</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/nhgri" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/60">NHGRI</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/nhlbi" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/61">NHLBI</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/nia" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/62">NIA</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/niaaa" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/63">NIAAA</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/niaid" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/64">NIAID</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/niams" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/65">NIAMS</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/nibib" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66">NIBIB</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/nichd" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/67">NICHD</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/nida" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/68">NIDA</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/nidcd" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/69">NIDCD</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/nidcr" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/70">NIDCR</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/niddk" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/71">NIDDK</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/niehs" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/72">NIEHS</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/nimh" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/73">NIMH</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/nimhd" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/74">NIMHD</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/ninds" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/75">NINDS</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/ninr" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/76">NINR</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/nlm" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/77">NLM</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/cc" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/78">CC</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/ncats" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80">NCATS</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/about-us/our-programs/nccih" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/81">NCCIH</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/about-us/research-campus-locations" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/18">Research Campus Locations</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/about-us/contact-information" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/19">Contact Information</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--0"><a href="/our-research" class="menu__link menu__link--level--0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/8">Our Research</a><div class="menu__submenu menu__submenu--level--1"><ul class="menu menu--level--1"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/20">Scientific Focus Areas</a><div class="menu__submenu menu__submenu--level--2"><ul class="menu menu--level--2"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/biomedical-engineering-and-biophysics" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/83">Biomedical Engineering & Biophysics</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/cancer-biology" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/84">Cancer Biology</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/cell-biology" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/85">Cell Biology</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/chemical-biology" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/86">Chemical Biology</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/chromosome-biology" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/87">Chromosome Biology</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/clinical-research" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/88">Clinical Research</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/computational-biology" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/89">Computational Biology</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/developmental-biology" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/90">Developmental Biology</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/epidemiology" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/91">Epidemiology</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/genetics-and-genomics" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/92">Genetics & Genomics</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/health-disparities" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/93">Health Disparities</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/immunology" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/94">Immunology</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/microbiology-and-infectious-diseases" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/95">Microbiology & Infectious Diseases</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/molecular-biology-and-biochemistry" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/96">Molecular Biology & Biochemistry</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/molecular-pharmacology" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/97">Molecular Pharmacology</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/neuroscience" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/98">Neuroscience</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/rna-biology" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/99">RNA Biology</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/social-and-behavioral-sciences" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/100">Social & Behavioral Sciences</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/stem-cell-biology" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/101">Stem Cell Biology</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/structural-biology" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/102">Structural Biology</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/systems-biology" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/103">Systems Biology</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas/virology" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/104">Virology</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/pi" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/21">Principal Investigators</a><div class="menu__submenu menu__submenu--level--2"><ul class="menu menu--level--2"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/principal-investigators/name" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="our-research/principal-investigators/name">View by Investigator Name</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/principal-investigators/focus" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="our-research/principal-investigators/focus">View by Scientific Focus Area</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/accomplishments" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/22">Accomplishments</a><div class="menu__submenu menu__submenu--level--2"><ul class="menu menu--level--2"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/accomplishments/accomplishments-by-date" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/105">View All Accomplishments by Date</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/accomplishments/view-all-health-topics" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/106">View All Health Topics</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/accomplishments/the-body" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/9">The Body</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/accomplishments/health-and-wellness" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/10">Health & Wellness</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/accomplishments/conditions-and-diseases" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/11">Conditions & Diseases</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/accomplishments/procedures" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/12">Procedures</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/our-research/accelerating-science" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/23">Accelerating Science</a><div class="menu__submenu menu__submenu--level--2"><ul class="menu menu--level--2"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/accelerating-science/investing-in-cutting-edge-animal-models" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/107">Investing in Cutting-Edge Animal Models</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/accelerating-science/creating-cell-based-therapies" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/108">Creating Cell-Based Therapies</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/accelerating-science/advancing-computational-and-structural-biology" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/109">Advancing Computational and Structural Biology</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/accelerating-science/combating-drug-resistance" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/110">Combating Drug Resistance</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/accelerating-science/developing-novel-imaging-techniques" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/111">Developing Novel Imaging Techniques</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/accelerating-science/charting-the-pathways-of-inflammation" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/112">Charting the Pathways of Inflammation</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/accelerating-science/zooming-in-on-the-microbiome" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/113">Zooming in on the Microbiome</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/accelerating-science/uncovering-new-opportunities-for-natural-products" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/114">Uncovering New Opportunities for Natural Products</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/accelerating-science/stimulating-neuroscience-research" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/115">Stimulating Neuroscience Research</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/accelerating-science/pursuing-precision-medicine" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/116">Pursuing Precision Medicine</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/accelerating-science/unlocking-the-potential-of-rna-biology-and-therapeutics" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/117">Unlocking the Potential of RNA Biology and Therapeutics</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/accelerating-science/producing-novel-vaccines" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/118">Producing Novel Vaccines</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/our-research/research-in-action" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/24">Research in Action</a><div class="menu__submenu menu__submenu--level--2"><ul class="menu menu--level--2"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/research-in-action" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/24">View All Stories</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/research-in-action/shaping-therapies-for-sickle-cell-disease" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/4023">Shaping Therapies for Sickle Cell Disease</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/research-in-action/the-minds-map-maker" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3869">The Mind’s Map Maker</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/research-in-action/a-reboot-for-your-blood" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3784">A Reboot for Your Blood</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/research-in-action/ancient-genes-modern-diseases" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3572">Ancient Genes, Modern Diseases</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/our-research/trans-irp-research-resources" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/25">Trans-IRP Research Resources</a><div class="menu__submenu menu__submenu--level--2"><ul class="menu menu--level--2"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/our-research/research-resources/supercomputing" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/119">Supercomputing</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/our-research/irp-review-process" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/26">IRP Review Process</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/our-research/commercializing-inventions" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/27">Commercializing Inventions</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--0"><a href="/nih-clinical-center" class="menu__link menu__link--level--0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/9">NIH Clinical Center</a><div class="menu__submenu menu__submenu--level--1"><ul class="menu menu--level--1"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/nih-clinical-center/clinical-center-facilities" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/28">Clinical Center Facilities</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/nih-clinical-center/clinical-faculty" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="nih-clinical-center/clinical-faculty">Clinical Faculty</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/nih-clinical-center/advancing-translational-science" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/29">Advancing Translational Science</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/nih-clinical-center/clinical-trials" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/30">Clinical Trials</a><div class="menu__submenu menu__submenu--level--2"><ul class="menu menu--level--2"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/nih-clinical-center/clinical-trials/get-involved-with-clinical-research" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/120">Get Involved with Clinical Research</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/nih-clinical-center/clinical-trials/physician-resources" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/121">Physician Resources</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--0"><a href="/news-and-events" class="menu__link menu__link--level--0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/10">News & Events</a><div class="menu__submenu menu__submenu--level--1"><ul class="menu menu--level--1"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/news-and-events/in-the-news" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/31">In the News</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/blog" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/32">I am Intramural Blog</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/podcast" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33">Speaking of Science Podcast</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/scibites" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34">SciBites Video Shorts</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/catalyst" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="catalyst">The NIH Catalyst Newsletter</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/news-and-events/events" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/35">Events</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--0"><a href="/careers" class="menu__link menu__link--level--0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/11">Careers</a><div class="menu__submenu menu__submenu--level--1"><ul class="menu menu--level--1"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/careers/faculty-level-scientific-careers" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/36">Faculty-Level Scientific Careers</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/careers/trans-nih-scientific-recruitments" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/37">Trans-NIH Scientific Recruitments</a><div class="menu__submenu menu__submenu--level--2"><ul class="menu menu--level--2"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/careers/trans-nih-scientific-recruitments/stadtman-tenure-track-investigators" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/122">Stadtman Tenure-Track Investigators</a><div class="menu__submenu menu__submenu--level--3"><ul class="menu menu--level--3"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--3"><a href="/careers/trans-nih-scientific-recruitments/stadtman-tenure-track-investigators/science-the-stadtman-way" class="menu__link menu__link--level--3" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/126">Science, the Stadtman Way</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--3"><a href="/careers/trans-nih-scientific-recruitments/stadtman-tenure-track-investigators/earl-stadtman-investigator-frequently-asked-questions" class="menu__link menu__link--level--3" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/127">Earl Stadtman Investigator Frequently Asked Questions</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/careers/trans-nih-scientific-recruitments/lasker-clinical-research-scholars" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/123">Lasker Clinical Research Scholars</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--2"><a href="/careers/trans-nih-scientific-recruitments/independent-research-scholar" class="menu__link menu__link--level--2" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/124">Independent Research Scholar</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/careers/scientific-and-clinical-careers" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/38">Scientific & Clinical Careers</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/careers/administrative-careers" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/39">Administrative Careers</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--0"><a href="/research-training" class="menu__link menu__link--level--0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/12">Research Training</a><div class="menu__submenu menu__submenu--level--1"><ul class="menu menu--level--1"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/research-training/program-information" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/40">Program Information</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/research-training/training-opportunities" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/41">Training Opportunities</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/research-training/nih-work-life-resources" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/42">NIH Work/Life Resources</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></nav></div></div></div></div></header> <div class="section"><div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div></div><main role="main"><div id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></div><div class="section"><div class="block block--content" id="block-mainpagecontent-2"><article><h1>History</h1><p>Originally, all of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) research was intramural, that is, performed in federal research facilities. The NIH traces its roots to 1887, when a one-room laboratory on Staten Island was created within the Marine Hospital Service, a predecessor agency to the U.S. Public Health Service. This lab evolved into the Hygienic Laboratory, which moved to Washington, D.C., in 1891 and, with the Ransdell Act of 1930, became the National Institute of Health. This was the start of something grand.</p> <p>Several Institutes were established over the next two decades. Then, with the golden era of expansion beginning after World War II, the primary focus of the NIH turned to a rigorous grants program to bolster research in U.S. colleges and universities.</p> <p>Enduring at the heart of the NIH mission, however, is the Intramural Research Program (IRP), an expanse of highly productive federal laboratories with an emphasis on high-risk, high-reward research in a stably funded environment that attracts the most talented researchers. In combination with our training activities, the IRP has been designed to maximize the scope and impact of our basic research accomplishments on the practice of medicine and improvements in public health.</p> <p>Our model has been—and remains—an excellent one for other federal laboratories, research foundations, academic centers, and other governments that seek to establish research laboratories.</p> <p><a href="https://history.nih.gov/">Read more about the history of the NIH IRP</a>.</p><h2 class="text-align-center">Continue Exploring the IRP</h2><ul class="imagetiles"><li class="imagetiles__item"><a class="imagetiles__link" href="/blog"><div class="imagetiles__image"><img src="/sites/default/files/media/image/2022-01/blog.png" alt="" width="300" height="300" /></div><div class="imagetiles__text">I am Intramural Blog</div></a></li><li class="imagetiles__item"><a class="imagetiles__link" href="/about-us/honors/nobel-prize"><div class="imagetiles__image"><picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/webp/public/media/image/2022-01/nobel.jpg.webp?itok=Bo1no7pv" type="image/webp" /><img src="/sites/default/files/media/image/2022-01/nobel.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="300" /></picture></div><div class="imagetiles__text">Nobel Prize</div></a></li></ul><div class="updated"> <p class="updated__date"><small>This page was last updated on Monday, January 10, 2022</small></p> </div></article> </div></div></main><footer class="footer"><div class="footer-content"><div class="section"><div class="footer-content__wrapper"><div class="footer-content__item"><h2 class="footer-content__heading">Get IRP Updates</h2></div><div class="footer-content__item"><p class="footer-content__text"><a href="https://list.nih.gov/cgi-bin/wa.exe?SUBED1=nih_irp_webinfo&A=1" class="button">Subscribe</a></p></div></div></div></div><div class="footer-share"><div class="section"><div class="block block--content" id="block-share"><ul class="share-links"><li class="share-links__item"><a href="mailto:?subject=History&body=https%3A%2F%2Firp.nih.gov%2Fabout-us%2Fhistory" class="share-links__link"><span class="share-links__label">Email</span><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon--email" viewBox="0 0 40 32" width="40" height="32"><use xlink:href="/themes/irp/dist/images/icons/icons.svg?v3#email"></use></svg></a></li><li class="share-links__item share-links__item--js-only"><a href="javascript:window.print();" class="share-links__link"><span class="share-links__label">Print</span><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon--print" viewBox="0 0 38 32" width="38" height="32"><use xlink:href="/themes/irp/dist/images/icons/icons.svg?v3#print"></use></svg></a></li><li class="share-links__item"><span class="share-links__label">Share</span> <a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=History&url=https%3A%2F%2Firp.nih.gov%2Fabout-us%2Fhistory" class="share-links__link"><span class="visually-hidden">Twitter</span><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon--twitter" viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="32" height="32"><use xlink:href="/themes/irp/dist/images/icons/icons.svg?v3#twitter"></use></svg></a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Firp.nih.gov%2Fabout-us%2Fhistory" class="share-links__link"><span class="visually-hidden">Facebook</span><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon--facebook" viewBox="0 0 18 32" width="18" height="32"><use xlink:href="/themes/irp/dist/images/icons/icons.svg?v3#facebook"></use></svg></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Firp.nih.gov%2Fabout-us%2Fhistory" class="share-links__link"><span class="visually-hidden">LinkedIn</span><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon--linkedin" viewBox="0 0 33 32" width="33" height="32"><use xlink:href="/themes/irp/dist/images/icons/icons.svg?v3#linkedin"></use></svg></a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="footer-nav"><div class="section"><nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-mainnavigation-2-menu" class="block block--menu" id="block-mainnavigation-2"><h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-mainnavigation-2-menu">Main navigation</h2><ul class="menu menu--level--0"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--0"><a href="/about-us" class="menu__link menu__link--level--0 is-active-trail" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/7">About Us</a><ul class="menu menu--level--1"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/about-us/what-is-the-irp" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13">What Is the IRP?</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/about-us/history" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1 is-active-trail is-active" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/14" aria-current="page">History</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/about-us/honors" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15">Honors</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/about-us/organization-and-leadership" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/16">Organization & Leadership</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/about-us/our-programs" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/17">Our Programs</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/about-us/research-campus-locations" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/18">Research Campus Locations</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/about-us/contact-information" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/19">Contact Information</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--0"><a href="/our-research" class="menu__link menu__link--level--0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/8">Our Research</a><ul class="menu menu--level--1"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/our-research/scientific-focus-areas" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/20">Scientific Focus Areas</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/pi" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/21">Principal Investigators</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/accomplishments" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/22">Accomplishments</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/our-research/accelerating-science" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/23">Accelerating Science</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/our-research/research-in-action" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/24">Research in Action</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/our-research/trans-irp-research-resources" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/25">Trans-IRP Research Resources</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/our-research/irp-review-process" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/26">IRP Review Process</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/our-research/commercializing-inventions" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/27">Commercializing Inventions</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--0"><a href="/nih-clinical-center" class="menu__link menu__link--level--0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/9">NIH Clinical Center</a><ul class="menu menu--level--1"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/nih-clinical-center/clinical-center-facilities" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/28">Clinical Center Facilities</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/nih-clinical-center/clinical-faculty" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="nih-clinical-center/clinical-faculty">Clinical Faculty</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/nih-clinical-center/advancing-translational-science" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/29">Advancing Translational Science</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/nih-clinical-center/clinical-trials" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/30">Clinical Trials</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--0"><a href="/news-and-events" class="menu__link menu__link--level--0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/10">News & Events</a><ul class="menu menu--level--1"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/news-and-events/in-the-news" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/31">In the News</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/blog" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/32">I am Intramural Blog</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/podcast" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33">Speaking of Science Podcast</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/scibites" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34">SciBites Video Shorts</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/catalyst" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="catalyst">The NIH Catalyst Newsletter</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/news-and-events/events" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/35">Events</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--0"><a href="/careers" class="menu__link menu__link--level--0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/11">Careers</a><ul class="menu menu--level--1"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/careers/faculty-level-scientific-careers" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/36">Faculty-Level Scientific Careers</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/careers/trans-nih-scientific-recruitments" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/37">Trans-NIH Scientific Recruitments</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/careers/scientific-and-clinical-careers" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/38">Scientific & Clinical Careers</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/careers/administrative-careers" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/39">Administrative Careers</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--0"><a href="/research-training" class="menu__link menu__link--level--0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/12">Research Training</a><ul class="menu menu--level--1"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/research-training/program-information" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/40">Program Information</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/research-training/training-opportunities" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/41">Training Opportunities</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--1"><a href="/research-training/nih-work-life-resources" class="menu__link menu__link--level--1" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/42">NIH Work/Life Resources</a></li></ul></li></ul></nav></div></div><div class="footer-links"><div class="section"><div class="footer-links__wrapper"><div class="block block--content" id="block-governmentlinks"><ul class="gov-logos"><li class="gov-logos__item"><a href="https://www.hhs.gov/" class="gov-logos__link"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon--hhs" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="100" height="100"><use xlink:href="/themes/irp/dist/images/icons/icons.svg?v3#hhs"></use></svg><span class="visually-hidden">Department of Health and Human Services</span></a></li><li class="gov-logos__item"><a href="https://www.nih.gov/" class="gov-logos__link"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon--nih" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="100" height="100"><use xlink:href="/themes/irp/dist/images/icons/icons.svg?v3#nih"></use></svg><span class="visually-hidden">National Institutes of Health</span></a></li><li class="gov-logos__item"><a href="https://www.usa.gov/" class="gov-logos__link"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon--usa" viewBox="0 0 260 100" width="260" height="100"><use xlink:href="/themes/irp/dist/images/icons/icons.svg?v3#usa"></use></svg><span class="visually-hidden">USA.gov</span></a></li></ul></div><nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-footer-menu" class="block block--menu" id="block-footer"><h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-footer-menu">Footer</h2><ul class="menu menu--level--0"><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--0"><a href="/" class="menu__link menu__link--level--0" data-drupal-link-system-path="<front>">Home</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--0"><a href="/about-us/contact-information" class="menu__link menu__link--level--0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/19">Contact Us</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--0"><a href="/irp-brand-materials" class="menu__link menu__link--level--0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/129">IRP Brand Materials</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--0"><a href="https://www.hhs.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy/index.html" class="menu__link menu__link--level--0">HHS Vulnerability Disclosure</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--0"><a href="/web-policies-and-notices" class="menu__link menu__link--level--0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3137">Web Policies & Notices</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--0"><a href="/site-map" class="menu__link menu__link--level--0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2">Site Map</a></li><li class="menu__item menu__item--level--0"><a href="https://search.nih.gov/search?utf8=%E2%9C%93&affiliate=nih-irp" class="menu__link menu__link--level--0">Search</a></li></ul></nav></div></div></div></footer></div> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_aEepVUwvp-7jsbgzovIlxBLUCUCMql74H95CWPxGNww.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=irp&include=eJzLLCrQT8_JT0rM0S1OLsosKCkGAEJNByE"></script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-GSEVCV8EJH"></script><script>window.dataLayer=window.dataLayer||[];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}gtag('js',new Date());gtag('config','G-GSEVCV8EJH');</script> </body> </html>