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Sports Reference - Wikipedia
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class="mw-page-title-main">Sports Reference</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 14 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">14 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%B3_%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3" title="سبورتس رفرنس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سبورتس رفرنس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8" title="স্পোর্টস রেফারেন্স – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="স্পোর্টস রেফারেন্স" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_Reference" title="Sports Reference – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sports Reference" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_Reference" title="Sports Reference – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Sports Reference" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_Reference" title="Sports Reference – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sports Reference" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_Reference" title="Sports Reference – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sports Reference" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%ED%8F%AC%EC%B8%A0_%EB%A0%88%ED%8D%BC%EB%9F%B0%EC%8A%A4" title="스포츠 레퍼런스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="스포츠 레퍼런스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_Reference" title="Sports Reference – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sports Reference" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_Reference" title="Sports Reference – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Sports Reference" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_Reference" title="Sports Reference – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sports Reference" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_Reference" title="Sports Reference – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sports Reference" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_Reference" title="Sports Reference – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sports Reference" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_Reference" title="Sports Reference – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sports Reference" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%B9%D8%B3_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3" title="سپورٹس ریفرنس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سپورٹس ریفرنس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q17082873#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> 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style="display:none">American sports statistics company</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Sports Reference, LLC</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sports_Reference_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Sports_Reference_Logo.svg/300px-Sports_Reference_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Sports_Reference_Logo.svg/450px-Sports_Reference_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Sports_Reference_Logo.svg/600px-Sports_Reference_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1116" data-file-height="216" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Privately_held_company" title="Privately held company">Private</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Sports_statistics" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports statistics">Sports statistics</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">August 2004<span class="noprint">; 20 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2004-08</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent">Sean Forman</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia,_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="Philadelphia, Pennsylvania">Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</a></div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name">US</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_Reference" title="Baseball Reference">Baseball Reference</a></li><li>Basketball Reference</li><li><a href="/wiki/Pro_Football_Reference" title="Pro Football Reference">Pro Football Reference</a></li><li>Hockey Reference</li><li>FBref</li><li>SR/College Basketball</li><li>SR/College Football</li><li>Stathead</li><li>Immaculate Grid</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sports-reference.com/">www<wbr />.sports-reference<wbr />.com</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17082873#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sports Reference, LLC</b> is an American <a href="/wiki/Sports_statistics" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports statistics">sports statistics</a> company that operates databases of several sports. They include <a href="/wiki/Pro_Football_Reference" title="Pro Football Reference">Pro Football Reference</a> for <a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">American football</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baseball_Reference" title="Baseball Reference">Baseball Reference</a> for <a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">baseball</a>, <b>Basketball Reference</b> for <a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">basketball</a>, <b>Hockey Reference</b> for <a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">ice hockey</a>, <b>FBref</b> for <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">association football</a> (soccer), and pages for <a href="/wiki/College_football" title="College football">college football</a> and <a href="/wiki/College_basketball" title="College basketball">basketball</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FSJ_Stake_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FSJ_Stake-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sports Reference also operate the online sports trivia game <a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Grid" title="Immaculate Grid">Immaculate Grid</a> and the statistics-based subscription service <b>Stathead</b>. From 2008 to 2020 the Web site included <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a> statistics from the first Games to the most recent. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_Reference&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The company was founded in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a> by Sean Forman in 2004 and incorporated as Sports Reference LLC in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-church_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-church-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FSJ_Stake_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FSJ_Stake-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BusinessweekOverview_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BusinessweekOverview-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company operates databases of <a href="/wiki/Sports_statistics" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports statistics">sports statistics</a> for several sports. They include <a href="/wiki/Pro_Football_Reference" title="Pro Football Reference">Pro Football Reference</a> for <a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">American football</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baseball_Reference" title="Baseball Reference">Baseball Reference</a> for <a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">baseball</a>, Basketball Reference for <a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">basketball</a>, Hockey Reference for <a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">ice hockey</a>, FBref for <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">association football</a> (soccer), and pages for <a href="/wiki/College_football" title="College football">college football</a> and <a href="/wiki/College_basketball" title="College basketball">basketball</a>. Sports Reference maintained a section on the <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympics</a> from 2008 to 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sites attempt a comprehensive approach to sports data. For example, Baseball Reference contains more than 100,000 box scores while Pro Football Reference contains data on every scoring play in the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a> (NFL) since <a href="/wiki/1941_NFL_season" title="1941 NFL season">1941</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FSJ_Stake_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FSJ_Stake-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The college basketball section includes data on NCAA Division I men's basketball, with incomplete data going back as far as 1892—predating the first NCAA divisional split (1956) and the NCAA itself (1906). Division I women's basketball stats were added in 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sports Reference purchased the baseball trivia game <a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Grid" title="Immaculate Grid">Immaculate Grid</a> on July 11, 2023, and integrated it with its sites.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-slate_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slate-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Olympics"><span class="anchor" id="Olympics"></span>Olympics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_Reference&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Olympics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SR-Olympics.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cc/SR-Olympics.png/220px-SR-Olympics.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cc/SR-Olympics.png/330px-SR-Olympics.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cc/SR-Olympics.png/440px-SR-Olympics.png 2x" data-file-width="446" data-file-height="58" /></a><figcaption>Sports Reference Olympics logo</figcaption></figure> <p>Sports Reference added a site for <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a> statistics and history in July 2008,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including statistics from the first Games to the most recent. </p><p>The company announced in December 2016 that the Olympics site was to shut down in the near future due to a change in its data licensing agreement.<sup id="cite_ref-down_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-down-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Data for the <a href="/wiki/2016_Summer_Olympics" title="2016 Summer Olympics">2016 Summer Olympics</a> were added,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the site was not updated for the <a href="/wiki/2018_Winter_Olympics" title="2018 Winter Olympics">2018 Winter Olympics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-down_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-down-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sports Reference closed its Olympic site on May 14, 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The providers of the Olympic data, known as <i>OlyMADmen</i>, launched a new site called <b>Olympedia</b> in May 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <i><a href="/wiki/Slate_(magazine)" title="Slate (magazine)">Slate</a></i>, editing of "Olympedia [was] restricted to about two dozen trusted academics and researchers who specialize in Olympic history."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The site is owned by the <a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">International Olympic Committee</a> (IOC).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On December 29, 2023, OlyMADmen member <a href="/wiki/Bill_Mallon" title="Bill Mallon">Bill Mallon</a> announced that they would no longer be able to update Olympedia because the IOC declined to renew the contract necessary to permit them to do so.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_Reference&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FSJ_Stake-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FSJ_Stake_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FSJ_Stake_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FSJ_Stake_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKramer2009" class="citation news cs1">Kramer, Staci D. (February 17, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/fantasy-sports-ventures-takes-minority-stake-in-sports-reference-llc/">"Fantasy Sports Ventures Takes Minority Stake In Sports Reference LLC"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/PaidContent.org" class="mw-redirect" title="PaidContent.org">PaidContent.org</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170909005248/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/fantasy-sports-ventures-takes-minority-stake-in-sports-reference-llc/">Archived</a> from the original on September 9, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=Fantasy+Sports+Ventures+Takes+Minority+Stake+In+Sports+Reference+LLC&rft.date=2009-02-17&rft.aulast=Kramer&rft.aufirst=Staci+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Ffantasy-sports-ventures-takes-minority-stake-in-sports-reference-llc%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFisher2009" class="citation news cs1">Fisher, Eric (February 16, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090217165943/http://www.sportsbusinessjournal.com/article/61558">"FSV buys stake in reference sites"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Business_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports Business Journal">Sports Business Journal</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 14,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=From+a+Church+in+Philadelphia%2C+Sports+Reference+Informs+the+World&rft.date=2019-02-13&rft.aulast=Wagner&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F02%2F13%2Fsports%2Fsean-forman-sports-reference.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BusinessweekOverview-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BusinessweekOverview_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151006233718/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapid=53311244">"Company Overview of Sports Reference, LLC"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_Businessweek" title="Bloomberg Businessweek">Bloomberg Businessweek</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapid=53311244">the original</a> on October 6, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 8,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Company+Overview+of+Sports+Reference%2C+LLC&rft.pub=Bloomberg+Businessweek&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finvesting.businessweek.com%2Fresearch%2Fstocks%2Fprivate%2Fsnapshot.asp%3Fprivcapid%3D53311244&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sports-reference.com/">"Sports Reference Main Page"</a>. <i>Sports-Reference.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100201172906/http://www.sports-reference.com/">Archived</a> from the original on February 1, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sports-Reference.com&rft.atitle=Sports+Reference+Main+Page&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sports-reference.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLynch2024" class="citation web cs1">Lynch, Mike (February 15, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sports-reference.com/blog/2024/02/sports-reference-expands-womens-college-basketball-data/">"Sports Reference Expands Women's College Basketball Data"</a>. <i>Sports Reference Blog</i>. Sports Reference LLC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 18,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sports+Reference+Blog&rft.atitle=Sports+Reference+Expands+Women%27s+College+Basketball+Data&rft.date=2024-02-15&rft.aulast=Lynch&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sports-reference.com%2Fblog%2F2024%2F02%2Fsports-reference-expands-womens-college-basketball-data%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nyt_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKepner2023" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Tyler_Kepner" title="Tyler Kepner">Kepner, Tyler</a> (July 11, 2023). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/07/11/sports/baseball/immaculate-grid.html">"The Hottest Thing in Baseball Is a Grid of Nine Blank Squares"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230828055257/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/07/11/sports/baseball/immaculate-grid.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 28, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Hottest+Thing+in+Baseball+Is+a+Grid+of+Nine+Blank+Squares&rft.date=2023-07-11&rft.aulast=Kepner&rft.aufirst=Tyler&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2023%2F07%2F11%2Fsports%2Fbaseball%2Fimmaculate-grid.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-slate-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-slate_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinkie2023" class="citation news cs1">Winkie, Luke (October 1, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://slate.com/human-interest/2023/10/immaculate-grid-nfl-mlb-sports-trivia-game.html">"The Trendy New Trivia Game That's Like Wordle for Straight Men"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Slate.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Slate.com">Slate</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231111114359/https://slate.com/human-interest/2023/10/immaculate-grid-nfl-mlb-sports-trivia-game.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 11, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 11,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft.atitle=The+Trendy+New+Trivia+Game+That%27s+Like+Wordle+for+Straight+Men&rft.date=2023-10-01&rft.aulast=Winkie&rft.aufirst=Luke&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fslate.com%2Fhuman-interest%2F2023%2F10%2Fimmaculate-grid-nfl-mlb-sports-trivia-game.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFsean2008" class="citation web cs1">sean (July 9, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080726042758/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/blog/?p=5">"Olympics at Sports Reference Launches"</a>. <i>Sports-Reference.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/blog/?p=5">the original</a> on July 26, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sports-Reference.com&rft.atitle=Olympics+at+Sports+Reference+Launches&rft.date=2008-07-09&rft.au=sean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sports-reference.com%2Folympics%2Fblog%2F%3Fp%3D5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080729035411/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/about/">"About This Site"</a>. <i>Sports-Reference.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/about/">the original</a> on July 29, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 20,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sports-Reference.com&rft.atitle=About+This+Site&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sports-reference.com%2Folympics%2Fabout%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-down-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-down_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-down_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161219000502/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/down.html">"Site Closing"</a>. <i>Sports-Reference.com</i>. December 16, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/down.html">the original</a> on December 19, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 13,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sports-Reference.com&rft.atitle=Site+Closing&rft.date=2016-12-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sports-reference.com%2Folympics%2Fdown.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180720165957/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/2016/">"2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Games"</a>. <i>Sports-Reference</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/2016/">the original</a> on July 20, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 20,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sports-Reference&rft.atitle=2016+Rio+de+Janeiro+Summer+Games&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sports-reference.com%2Folympics%2Fsummer%2F2016%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080707092830/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/winter/">"Winter Games Index"</a>. <i>Sports-Reference.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/winter/">the original</a> on July 7, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 20,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sports-Reference.com&rft.atitle=Winter+Games+Index&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sports-reference.com%2Folympics%2Fwinter%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics.html">"Site is Closed"</a>. <i>Sports-Reference.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191003122720/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/br/cliff-bricker-1.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 3, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 15,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sports-Reference.com&rft.atitle=Site+is+Closed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sports-reference.com%2Folympics.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLohn2020" class="citation news cs1">Lohn, John (May 27, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/news/comprehensive-olympedia-database-available-to-public-loaded-with-information/">"Comprehensive Olympedia Database Available to Public; Loaded with Information"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Swimming_World" title="Swimming World">Swimming World</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210924201336/https://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/news/comprehensive-olympedia-database-available-to-public-loaded-with-information/">Archived</a> from the original on September 24, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2021</span>. <q>OlyMADmen, an international group of Olympics experts and historians, have made their exhaustive Olympics database available</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Swimming+World&rft.atitle=Comprehensive+Olympedia+Database+Available+to+Public%3B+Loaded+with+Information&rft.date=2020-05-27&rft.aulast=Lohn&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.swimmingworldmagazine.com%2Fnews%2Fcomprehensive-olympedia-database-available-to-public-loaded-with-information%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerelman2020" class="citation news cs1">Perelman, Rich (May 27, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thesportsexaminer.com/lane-one-staggering-brilliant-astonishing-portal-to-olympic-history-opens-with-debut-of-olympedia-com/">"LANE ONE: Staggering, brilliant, astonishing portal to Olympic history opens with debut of Olympedia.org"</a>. <i>The Sports Examiner</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210926145622/https://www.thesportsexaminer.com/lane-one-staggering-brilliant-astonishing-portal-to-olympic-history-opens-with-debut-of-olympedia-com/">Archived</a> from the original on September 26, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 26,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sports+Examiner&rft.atitle=LANE+ONE%3A+Staggering%2C+brilliant%2C+astonishing+portal+to+Olympic+history+opens+with+debut+of+Olympedia.org&rft.date=2020-05-27&rft.aulast=Perelman&rft.aufirst=Rich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thesportsexaminer.com%2Flane-one-staggering-brilliant-astonishing-portal-to-olympic-history-opens-with-debut-of-olympedia-com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMallon2020" class="citation web cs1">Mallon, Bill (May 27, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://olympstats.com/2020/05/27/olympedia-now-open-to-the-public/">"Olympedia now open to the public"</a>. <i>OlympStats.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200606103935/https://olympstats.com/2020/05/27/olympedia-now-open-to-the-public/">Archived</a> from the original on June 6, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 27,</span> 2020</span>. <q>the result many years of work by a group of Olympic historians and statisticians called the OlyMADmen</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OlympStats.com&rft.atitle=Olympedia+now+open+to+the+public&rft.date=2020-05-27&rft.aulast=Mallon&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Folympstats.com%2F2020%2F05%2F27%2Folympedia-now-open-to-the-public%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.olympedia.org/static/about">"About"</a>. <i>Olympedia</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200614210347/https://www.olympedia.org/static/about">Archived</a> from the original on June 14, 2020. <q>The group that has compiled the database refers to itself as MADmen — MAD being an acronym for several of the early members of the group, but also signifies their commitment to the project in another sense.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Olympedia&rft.atitle=About&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympedia.org%2Fstatic%2Fabout&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarrison2021" class="citation web cs1">Harrison, Stephen (July 26, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://slate.com/technology/2021/07/tokyo-2020-olympic-games-wikipedia.html">"How to Use Wikipedia When You're Watching the Olympics"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Slate_(magazine)" title="Slate (magazine)">Slate</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210726164036/https://slate.com/technology/2021/07/tokyo-2020-olympic-games-wikipedia.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 26, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft.atitle=How+to+Use+Wikipedia+When+You%27re+Watching+the+Olympics&rft.date=2021-07-26&rft.aulast=Harrison&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fslate.com%2Ftechnology%2F2021%2F07%2Ftokyo-2020-olympic-games-wikipedia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBauernfeind2017" class="citation news cs1">Bauernfeind, John (February 27, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sportsbusinessjournal.com/Journal/Issues/2017/02/27/Olympics/Olympedia.aspx">"IOC looks to acquisition of Olympedia as step toward modernizing Olympic recordkeeping"</a>. <i>Sports Business Journal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230529021255/https://www.sportsbusinessjournal.com/Journal/Issues/2017/02/27/Olympics/Olympedia.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on May 29, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 29,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Business+Journal&rft.atitle=IOC+looks+to+acquisition+of+Olympedia+as+step+toward+modernizing+Olympic+recordkeeping&rft.date=2017-02-27&rft.aulast=Bauernfeind&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sportsbusinessjournal.com%2FJournal%2FIssues%2F2017%2F02%2F27%2FOlympics%2FOlympedia.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMallon2023" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Mallon" title="Bill Mallon">Mallon, Bill [@bambam1729]</a> (December 29, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/bambam1729/status/1740775591106982323">"In 2016 Olympedia was purchased by the IOC but we have had a contract with them to update it since that time"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 4,</span> 2024</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=In+2016+Olympedia+was+purchased+by+the+IOC+but+we+have+had+a+contract+with+them+to+update+it+since+that+time.&rft.date=2023-12-29&rft.aulast=Mallon&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2Fbambam1729%2Fstatus%2F1740775591106982323&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMallon2023" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Mallon" title="Bill Mallon">Mallon, Bill [@bambam1729]</a> (December 29, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/bambam1729/status/1740775660107297146">"As of 1 Jan 2024 our contract with the IOC is not being renewed. The OlyMADMen will no longer update Olympedia after today, 29 Dec"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 4,</span> 2024</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=As+of+1+Jan+2024+our+contract+with+the+IOC+is+not+being+renewed.+The+OlyMADMen+will+no+longer+update+Olympedia+after+today%2C+29+Dec.&rft.date=2023-12-29&rft.aulast=Mallon&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2Fbambam1729%2Fstatus%2F1740775660107297146&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_Reference&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sports_Reference" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Sports Reference"><span style="font-style:italic; 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