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id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Concubine</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 27 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concubina" title="Concubina – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Concubina" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konkubina" title="Konkubina – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Konkubina" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Наложніца – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Наложніца" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Канкубіна – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Канкубіна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Конкубина – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Конкубина" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serc%27h" title="Serc'h – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Serc'h" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konkubine" title="Konkubine – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Konkubine" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nebenfrau" title="Nebenfrau – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nebenfrau" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wesni" title="Wesni – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Wesni" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concubine" title="Concubine – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Concubine" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concubina" title="Concubina – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Concubina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konkubiin" title="Konkubiin – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Konkubiin" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%88" title="سوکوشیتسو – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سوکوشیتسو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concubine" title="Concubine – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Concubine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B3" title="Հարճ – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հարճ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frilla" title="Frilla – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Frilla" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%81%B4%E5%AE%A4" title="側室 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="側室" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="მხევალი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მხევალი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taklit" title="Taklit – Kabylisch" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Taklit" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabylisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B2%A9" title="첩 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="첩" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF" title="വെപ്പാട്ടി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വെപ്പാട്ടി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%81" title="Номылус – Ossetisch" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Номылус" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Наложница – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Наложница" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konkubin" title="Konkubin – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Konkubin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuma" title="Kuma – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kuma" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Конкубіна – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Конкубіна" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A6%BE%E4%BE%8D" title="妾侍 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="妾侍" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2719946#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen 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href="/w/index.php?title=Concubine&printable=yes" title="Printvriendelijke versie van deze pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Afdrukversie</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In andere projecten </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Concubines" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2719946" title="Koppeling naar item in verbonden gegevensrepository [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paginahulpmiddelen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Uiterlijk"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Uiterlijk</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><p>Een <b>concubine</b> is een vrouw die buiten de huwelijkse staat in <a href="/wiki/Concubinaat" title="Concubinaat">gemeenschap met een man</a> leeft. Het begrip is afkomstig uit het <a href="/wiki/Latijn" title="Latijn">Latijn</a> en is een <a href="/wiki/Eufemisme" title="Eufemisme">eufemisme</a> voor bijzit of <a href="/wiki/Ma%C3%AEtresse" title="Maîtresse">maîtresse</a>. Het wordt ook vaak gebruikt voor de bijvrouwen van een man in een <a href="/wiki/Polygynie_(sociologie)" title="Polygynie (sociologie)">polygyne</a> samenleving. </p><p>In het Nederlands heeft het woord een duidelijk <a href="/wiki/Pejoratief" title="Pejoratief">pejoratieve</a> klank. In Frankrijk wordt <i>concubinage</i> echter als een eerder neutraal woord voor het ongehuwd samenleven gebruikt. In een land als <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> was het in het verleden volstrekt geaccepteerd dat de <a href="/wiki/Keizer_van_Japan" title="Keizer van Japan">Japanse keizers</a> een concubine hadden. Zo was <a href="/wiki/Mutsuhito" class="mw-redirect" title="Mutsuhito">Mutsuhito</a>, de latere keizer Meiji, door zijn vader <a href="/wiki/Komei" title="Komei">Komei</a> verwekt bij een concubine. Hij werd later officieel geadopteerd door Asako Nyōgō, de echtgenote van zijn vader. </p><p>De machtigste concubine uit de geschiedenis is wellicht <a href="/wiki/Cixi_(keizerin)" title="Cixi (keizerin)">Cixi</a> (1835 – 1908), die na de dood van keizer <a href="/wiki/Xianfeng" title="Xianfeng">Xianfeng</a> in <a href="/wiki/1861" title="1861">1861</a> bijna een halve eeuw het <a href="/wiki/Regent_(bestuurder)" title="Regent (bestuurder)">regentschap</a> uitoefende voor opeenvolgende prinsen. In de <a href="/wiki/Chinese_cultuur" title="Chinese cultuur">Chinese cultuur</a> was het tot begin <a href="/wiki/1970-1979" title="1970-1979">jaren zeventig</a> normaal om als man een concubine te hebben. Overigens was het sinds de oprichting van de <a href="/wiki/Volksrepubliek_China" title="Volksrepubliek China">Volksrepubliek China</a> in 1949 verboden een concubine te hebben in dat land. In <a href="/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong">Hongkong</a> werd het <a href="/wiki/Concubinaat" title="Concubinaat">concubinaat</a> pas in <a href="/wiki/1971" title="1971">1971</a> verboden door de Britse <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marriage_Act&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marriage Act (de pagina bestaat niet)">Marriage Act</a></i>. In de Chinese cultuur worden concubines altijd gezien als lager in rang, vergeleken met de eerste echtgenote van de man. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hebreeuwse_Bijbel">Hebreeuwse Bijbel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Concubine&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Hebreeuwse Bijbel" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Concubine&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Hebreeuwse Bijbel"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In de <a href="/wiki/Hebreeuwse_Bijbel" title="Hebreeuwse Bijbel">Hebreeuwse Bijbel</a> heeft <a href="/wiki/Abraham" title="Abraham">Abraham</a> de slavin <a href="/wiki/Hagar" title="Hagar">Hagar</a> als concubine. Zijn vrouw <a href="/wiki/Sara_(aartsmoeder)" title="Sara (aartsmoeder)">Sara</a> is onvruchtbaar en laat Hagar hem een erfgenaam bezorgen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nederlands-Indië"><span id="Nederlands-Indi.C3.AB"></span>Nederlands-Indië</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Concubine&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Nederlands-Indië" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Concubine&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Nederlands-Indië"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In de 17e, 18e en begin 19e eeuw was in <a href="/wiki/Nederlands-Indi%C3%AB" title="Nederlands-Indië">Nederlands-Indië</a> een njai een jong Aziatisch meisje dat als huishoudster bij een alleenstaande Europese man werkte. In de praktijk functioneerde ze als huisvrouw, seksslavin en eventueel verzorgster voor de kinderen die uit dit concubinaat ontstonden. Hoewel de njai de status van huisvrouw kon hebben (eventueel zelfs met slaven) mocht ze zich niet aan andere Europeanen vertonen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zie_ook">Zie ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Concubine&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zie ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Concubine&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zie ook"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buitenvrouw" title="Buitenvrouw">Buitenvrouw</a></li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <p>Dit artikel of een eerdere versie ervan is een (gedeeltelijke) vertaling van het artikel <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concubine?oldid=144587280">Concubine</a> op de Franstalige Wikipedia, dat onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a> valt. Zie de <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concubine?offset=20180807235959&action=history">bewerkingsgeschiedenis</a></span> aldaar.<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r66936091">.mw-parser-output .error-bronvermelding{color:#ff0000;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .error-bronvermelding span{font-size:larger}</style> </p> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Concubine&oldid=67950581">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Concubine&oldid=67950581</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorieën</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Relatievorm" title="Categorie:Relatievorm">Relatievorm</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Seksuele_relatie" title="Categorie:Seksuele relatie">Seksuele relatie</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Deze pagina is voor het laatst bewerkt op 11 aug 2024 om 06:31.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a>, er kunnen aanvullende voorwaarden van toepassing zijn. 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