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Gharsalli</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Ramzi Gharsalli"> <meta name="keywords" content="Ramzi Gharsalli"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Ramzi Gharsalli"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 15</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Ramzi Gharsalli</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Seismic Reflection Highlights of New Miocene Deep Aquifers in Eastern Tunisia Basin (North Africa)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mourad%20B%C3%A9dir">Mourad Bédir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sami%20Khomsi"> Sami Khomsi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hakim%20Gabtni"> Hakim Gabtni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hajer%20Azaiez"> Hajer Azaiez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramzi%20Gharsalli"> Ramzi Gharsalli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riadh%20Chebbi"> Riadh Chebbi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Eastern Tunisia is a semi-arid area; located in the northern Africa plate; southern Mediterranean side. It is facing water scarcity, overexploitation, and decreasing of water quality of phreatic water table. Water supply and storage will not respond to the demographic and economic growth and demand. In addition, only 5 109 m3 of rainwater from 35 109 m3 per year renewable rain water supply can be retained and remobilized. To remediate this water deficiency, researches had been focused to near new subsurface deep aquifers resources. Among them, Upper Miocene sandstone deposits of Béglia, Saouaf, and Somaa Formations. These sandstones are known for their proven Hydrogeologic and hydrocarbon reservoir characteristics in the Tunisian margin. They represent semi-confined to confined aquifers. This work is based on new integrated approaches of seismic stratigraphy, seismic tectonics, and hydrogeology, to highlight and characterize these reservoirs levels for aquifer exploitation in semi-arid area. As a result, five to six third order sequence deposits had been highlighted. They are composed of multi-layered extended sandstones reservoirs; separated by shales packages. These reservoir deposits represent lowstand and highstand system tracts of these sequences, which represent lowstand and highstand system tracts of these sequences. They constitute important strategic water resources volumes for the region. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hydrogeology" title=" Hydrogeology"> Hydrogeology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandstones" title=" sandstones"> sandstones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basin" title=" basin"> basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic" title=" seismic"> seismic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquifers" title=" aquifers"> aquifers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title=" modeling"> modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142805/seismic-reflection-highlights-of-new-miocene-deep-aquifers-in-eastern-tunisia-basin-north-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142805.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Fractional Euler Method and Finite Difference Formula Using Conformable Fractional Derivative</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramzi%20B.%20Albadarneh">Ramzi B. Albadarneh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we use the new definition of fractional derivative called conformable fractional derivative to derive some finite difference formulas and its error terms which are used to solve fractional differential equations and fractional partial differential equations, also to derive fractional Euler method and its error terms which can be applied to solve fractional differential equations. To provide the contribution of our work some applications on finite difference formulas and Euler Method are given. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conformable%20fractional%20derivative" title="conformable fractional derivative">conformable fractional derivative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20difference%20formula" title=" finite difference formula"> finite difference formula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20derivative" title=" fractional derivative"> fractional derivative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20difference%20formula" title=" finite difference formula"> finite difference formula</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37072/fractional-euler-method-and-finite-difference-formula-using-conformable-fractional-derivative" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37072.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">439</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Modelling the Education Supply Chain with Network Data Envelopment Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sourour%20Ramzi">Sourour Ramzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claudia%20Sarrico"> Claudia Sarrico</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Little has been done on network DEA in education, and nobody has attempted to model the whole education supply chain using network DEA. As such the contribution of the present paper is to propose a model for measuring the efficiency of education supply chains using network DEA. First, we use a general survey of data envelopment analysis (DEA) to establish the emergent themes for research in DEA, and focus on the theme of Network DEA. Second, we use a survey on two-stage DEA models, and Network DEA to write a state of the art on Network DEA, particularly applied to supply chain management. Third, we use a survey on DEA applications to establish the most influential papers on DEA education applications, in order to establish the state of the art on applications of DEA in education, in general, and applications of DEA to education using network DEA, in particular. Finally, we propose a model for measuring the performance of education supply chains of different education systems (countries or states within a country, for instance). We then use this model on some empirical data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain" title="supply chain">supply chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20envelopment%20analysis" title=" data envelopment analysis"> data envelopment analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20DEA" title=" network DEA"> network DEA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57510/modelling-the-education-supply-chain-with-network-data-envelopment-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57510.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">368</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> A Hybrid ICA-GA Algorithm for Solving Multiobjective Optimization of Production Planning Problems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20Ramzi%20Jasim">Omar Ramzi Jasim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jalal%20Sultan%20Ashour"> Jalal Sultan Ashour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Production Planning or Master Production Schedule (MPS) is a key interface between marketing and manufacturing, since it links customer service directly to efficient use of production resources. Mismanagement of the MPS is considered as one of fundamental problems in operation and it can potentially lead to poor customer satisfaction. In this paper, a hybrid evolutionary algorithm (ICA-GA) is presented, which integrates the merits of both imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) and genetic algorithm (GA) for solving multi-objective MPS problems. In the presented algorithm, the colonies in each empire has be represented a small population and communicate with each other using genetic operators. By testing on 5 production scenarios, the numerical results of ICA-GA algorithm show the efficiency and capabilities of the hybrid algorithm in finding the optimum solutions. The ICA-GA solutions yield the lower inventory level and keep customer satisfaction high and the required overtime is also lower, compared with results of GA and SA in all production scenarios. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=master%20production%20scheduling" title="master production scheduling">master production scheduling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imperialist%20competitive%20algorithm" title=" imperialist competitive algorithm"> imperialist competitive algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20algorithm" title=" hybrid algorithm"> hybrid algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46493/a-hybrid-ica-ga-algorithm-for-solving-multiobjective-optimization-of-production-planning-problems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46493.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">470</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Prevalence of Neurological Symptoms Associated with COVID 19</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Hassan%20Tanvir%20Ramzi">Syed Hassan Tanvir Ramzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ubaidullah%20Ansari"> Ubaidullah Ansari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sana%20Manzoor"> Sana Manzoor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Namal%20Ilyas"> Namal Ilyas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabeel%20Ahmed"> Nabeel Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: To better understand the prevalence of neurological symptoms associated with COVID-19, several factors, such as age, gender, and comorbidity, are explored to create a more holistic understanding of the impact of COVID-19. Methods: After meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria, 111 patients admitted to Ibne Sina Hospital were recruited between October 2021 and February 2022. A descriptive statistical analysis was conducted to summarize patients' most often encountered signs and symptoms concerning the above parameters. Results: Out of 111 patients, a significant proportion of symptoms occurred in patients aged 40-60 years, with Dysgeusia being the most widespread (75.5%), followed by Encephalitis (45.9%), GBS (28.8%), Encephalopathy (18.9%), and Ischemic Stroke (6.3%). These were most prevalent in hypertensive individuals (46%) and Diabetes Mellitus (31%). In asthmatic individuals, they are the least prevalent (10.8%). Conclusion: Despite the predominance of neurological manifestations, the present scientific literature cannot demonstrate a definitive causal association between the symptoms and the virus. This study carefully ensures a link between age, gender, and comorbidity, along with the prevalence of neurological manifestations of COVID-19. For a comprehensive treatment plan, a holistic understanding of symptoms is critical. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID%2019" title="COVID 19">COVID 19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neurological%20association" title=" neurological association"> neurological association</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GBS" title=" GBS"> GBS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Encephalitis" title=" Encephalitis"> Encephalitis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192972/prevalence-of-neurological-symptoms-associated-with-covid-19" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192972.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">18</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> A CD40 Variant is Associated with Systemic Bone Loss Among Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rim%20Sghiri">Rim Sghiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samia%20Al%20Shouli"> Samia Al Shouli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hana%20Benhassine"> Hana Benhassine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nejla%20Elamri"> Nejla Elamri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahid%20Shakoor"> Zahid Shakoor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Foued%20Slama"> Foued Slama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adel%20Almogren"> Adel Almogren</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hala%20Zeglaoui"> Hala Zeglaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elyes%20Bouajina"> Elyes Bouajina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramzi%20Zemni"> Ramzi Zemni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: Little is known about genes predisposing to systemic bone loss (SBL) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Therefore, we examined the association between SBL and a variant of CD40 gene, which is known to play a critical role in both immune response and bone homeostasis among patients with RA. Methods: CD40 rs48104850 was genotyped in 176 adult RA patients. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Results: Low BMD was observed in 116 (65.9%) patients. Among them, 60 (34.1%) had low femoral neck (FN) Z score, 72 (40.9%) had low total femur (TF) Z score, and 105 (59.6%) had low lumbar spine (LS) Z score. CD40 rs4810485 was found to be associated with reduced TF Z score with the CD40 rs4810485 T allele protecting against reduced TF Z score (OR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.23-0.68, p = 0.0005). This association was confirmed in the multivariate logistic regression analysis (OR=0.31, 95% CI= 0.16-0.59, p=3.84 x 10₋₄). Moreover, median FN BMD was reduced among RA patients with CD40 rs4810485 GG genotype compared to RA patients harbouring CD40 rs4810485 TT and GT genotypes (0.788± 0.136 versus 0.826± 0.146g/cm², p=0.001). Conclusion: This study, for the first time ever, demonstrated an association between a CD40 genetic variant and SBL among patients with RA. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rheumatoid%20arthritis" title="rheumatoid arthritis">rheumatoid arthritis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CD40%20gene" title=" CD40 gene"> CD40 gene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20mineral%20density" title=" bone mineral density"> bone mineral density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systemic%20bone%20loss" title=" systemic bone loss"> systemic bone loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rs48104850" title=" rs48104850"> rs48104850</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144783/a-cd40-variant-is-associated-with-systemic-bone-loss-among-patients-with-rheumatoid-arthritis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144783.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">460</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Epidemiological Profile of Healthcare Associated Infections in Intensive Care Unit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdessamad%20Dali-Ali">Abdessamad Dali-Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Houaria%20Beldjillali"> Houaria Beldjillali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fouzia%20Agag"> Fouzia Agag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asmaa%20Oukebdane"> Asmaa Oukebdane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramzi%20Tidjani"> Ramzi Tidjani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arslane%20Bettayeb"> Arslane Bettayeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khadidja%20Meddeber"> Khadidja Meddeber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radia%20Dali-Yahia"> Radia Dali-Yahia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nori%20Midoun"> Nori Midoun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Healthcare-associated infections are a real public health problem, especially in intensive care units. The aim of our study was to describe the epidemiological profile and to estimate the incidence of these infections at the intensive care unit of our teaching hospital. A prospective study was conducted, from June 2012 to December 2013. During this period, 305 patients having a duration of hospitalization equal or more than 48 hours were included in the study. In terms of the incidence of healthcare associated infections, nosocomial pneumonia occupied the first position with a cumulative incidence rate of 20.0%, followed by bacteremia (5.6%), central venous catheter infections (4%), and urinary tract infections (3%). In the case of isolated microorganisms, Gram-negative bacilli not enterobacteriaceae occupied the first place with 48.5%, followed by enterobacteria (32.1%). Acinetobacter baumannii was the most common germ (27.6%). Our study showed that the rate of health-care-associated infections was relatively high in the intensive care unit. A control program to reduce all infections is a priority for the Infection Control Associated Committee. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epidemiological%20profile" title="epidemiological profile">epidemiological profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare%20associated%20infections" title=" healthcare associated infections"> healthcare associated infections</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intensive%20care%20units" title=" intensive care units"> intensive care units</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20hospital%20of%20Oran" title=" teaching hospital of Oran"> teaching hospital of Oran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algeria" title=" Algeria"> Algeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72027/epidemiological-profile-of-healthcare-associated-infections-in-intensive-care-unit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72027.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Deep Learning Approaches for Accurate Detection of Epileptic Seizures from Electroencephalogram Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramzi%20Rihane">Ramzi Rihane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yassine%20Benayed"> Yassine Benayed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures resulting from abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Timely and accurate detection of these seizures is essential for improving patient care. In this study, we leverage the UK Bonn University open-source EEG dataset and employ advanced deep-learning techniques to automate the detection of epileptic seizures. By extracting key features from both time and frequency domains, as well as Spectrogram features, we enhance the performance of various deep learning models. Our investigation includes architectures such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Bidirectional LSTM (Bi-LSTM), 1D Convolutional Neural Networks (1D-CNN), and hybrid CNN-LSTM and CNN-BiLSTM models. The models achieved impressive accuracies: LSTM (98.52%), Bi-LSTM (98.61%), CNN-LSTM (98.91%), CNN-BiLSTM (98.83%), and CNN (98.73%). Additionally, we utilized a data augmentation technique called SMOTE, which yielded the following results: CNN (97.36%), LSTM (97.01%), Bi-LSTM (97.23%), CNN-LSTM (97.45%), and CNN-BiLSTM (97.34%). These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of deep learning in capturing complex patterns in EEG signals, providing a reliable and scalable solution for real-time seizure detection in clinical environments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electroencephalogram" title="electroencephalogram">electroencephalogram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epileptic%20seizure" title=" epileptic seizure"> epileptic seizure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title=" deep learning"> deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LSTM" title=" LSTM"> LSTM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CNN" title=" CNN"> CNN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BI-LSTM" title=" BI-LSTM"> BI-LSTM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seizure%20detection" title=" seizure detection"> seizure detection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193110/deep-learning-approaches-for-accurate-detection-of-epileptic-seizures-from-electroencephalogram-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193110.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">12</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Evaluation of Water-Soluble Ionic Liquids Based on Quaternized Hyperbranched Polyamidoamine and Amino Acids for Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rasha%20Hosny">Rasha Hosny</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Zahran"> Ahmed Zahran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20Ramzi"> Mahmoud Ramzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatma%20Mahmoud%20Abdelhafiz"> Fatma Mahmoud Abdelhafiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ammona%20S.%20Mohamed"> Ammona S. Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20Fathy%20Mubarak"> Mahmoud Fathy Mubarak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ionic liquids' ability to be tuned and stability under challenging environmental conditions are their significant features in enhanced oil recovery. In this study, two amino acid ionic liquids (AAILs) were prepared from quaternized hyperbranched polyamidoamine PAMAM (G0.5 C12) and amino acids (Cysteine and Lysine). The chemical structures of the prepared AAILs were verified by using FTIR and 1H-NMR spectra. These AAILs were tested for solubility, thermal stability, and surface activity in the presence of Egyptian medium crude oils under different PVT parameters after being diluted in several brine solutions of various salt compositions at 10% (w/w) salinity. The measurements reveal that the produced AAILs have good solubility and thermal stability. The effect of different concentrations of AAILs (0.1-5%) and salinity (20000-70000 ppm) on Interfacial tension (IFT) were studied. To test the efficacy of (AAILs) for a CEOR, numerous flooding experiments were carried out in samples of sandstone rock. Rock wettability is important for sandstone rocks, so conduct wettability alteration by contact angle (CA) of (30-55) and IFT of (7-13). The additional oil recovery was largely influenced by ionic liquid concentration, which may be changed by dilution with the formation and injected brines. This research has demonstrated that EOR techniques led to a recovery wt. (22-45%). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amino%20acid%20ionic%20liquids" title="amino acid ionic liquids">amino acid ionic liquids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20activity" title=" surface activity"> surface activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20micelle%20concentration" title=" critical micelle concentration"> critical micelle concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20tension" title=" interfacial tension"> interfacial tension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contact%20angle" title=" contact angle"> contact angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20enhanced%20oil%20recovery" title=" chemical enhanced oil recovery"> chemical enhanced oil recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wettability" title=" wettability"> wettability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157261/evaluation-of-water-soluble-ionic-liquids-based-on-quaternized-hyperbranched-polyamidoamine-and-amino-acids-for-chemical-enhanced-oil-recovery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157261.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> The Effects of Perceived Service Quality on Customers' Satisfaction, Trust and Loyalty in Online Shopping: A Case of Saudi Consumers' Perspectives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nawt%20Almutairi">Nawt Almutairi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramzi%20El-Haddadeh"> Ramzi El-Haddadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the extensive increase in the number of online shops, loyalty becomes the most purpose for e-retailers by which they can maintain their exit customers and regular income instead of spending large deal of money to target new segmentation. To obtain customers’ loyalty e-marketers should firstly satisfy customers by providing a high quality of services that could fulfil their demand. They have to satisfy them to trust the web-site then increase their intention to re-visit it. This study intends to investigate to what extend the elements of e-service quality presented in the literature affect customers’ satisfaction and how these influences contribute to customers’ trust and loyalty. Three dimensions of service quality are estimated. The first element is web-site interactivity, which is perceived the quality of interactive support and the accessible communications-tool. The second aspect is security/privacy, which is perceived the quality of controlling security and privacy while transaction over the web-site. The third element is web-design that perceived a pleasant user interface with visual appealing. These elements present positive effects on shoppers’ satisfaction. Thus, To examine the proposed constructs of this research, some measurements scale-items adapted from similar prior studies. Survey data collected online from Saudi customers (n=106) were utilized to test the research hypotheses. After that, the hypotheses were analyzed by using a variety of regression tools. The analytical results of this study propose that perceived quality of interactivity and security/privacy affects customers’ satisfaction. As well as trust seems to be a substantial construct that highly affects loyalty in online shopping. This study provides a developed model to obtain a simple understanding of the series of customers’ loyalty in online shopping. One construct presenting in the research model is web-design appears to be not important antecedent of satisfaction (the path to loyalty) in online shopping. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-service" title="e-service">e-service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satisfaction" title=" satisfaction"> satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trust" title=" trust"> trust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loyalty" title=" loyalty"> loyalty</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57166/the-effects-of-perceived-service-quality-on-customers-satisfaction-trust-and-loyalty-in-online-shopping-a-case-of-saudi-consumers-perspectives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57166.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">259</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Prediction of the Dark Matter Distribution and Fraction in Individual Galaxies Based Solely on Their Rotation Curves</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramzi%20Suleiman">Ramzi Suleiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, the author proposed an observationally-based relativity theory termed information relativity theory (IRT). The theory is simple and is based only on basic principles, with no prior axioms and no free parameters. For the case of a body of mass in uniform rectilinear motion relative to an observer, the theory transformations uncovered a matter-dark matter duality, which prescribes that the sum of the densities of the body's baryonic matter and dark matter, as measured by the observer, is equal to the body's matter density at rest. It was shown that the theory transformations were successful in predicting several important phenomena in small particle physics, quantum physics, and cosmology. This paper extends the theory transformations to the cases of rotating disks and spheres. The resulting transformations for a rotating disk are utilized to derive predictions of the radial distributions of matter and dark matter densities in rotationally supported galaxies based solely on their observed rotation curves. It is also shown that for galaxies with flattening curves, good approximations of the radial distributions of matter and dark matter and of the dark matter fraction could be obtained from one measurable scale radius. Test of the model on five galaxies, chosen randomly from the SPARC database, yielded impressive predictions. The rotation curves of all the investigated galaxies emerged as accurate traces of the predicted radial density distributions of their dark matter. This striking result raises an intriguing physical explanation of gravity in galaxies, according to which it is the proximal drag of the stars and gas in the galaxy by its rotating dark matter web. We conclude by alluding briefly to the application of the proposed model to stellar systems and black holes. This study also hints at the potential of the discovered matter-dark matter duality in fixing the standard model of elementary particles in a natural manner without the need for hypothesizing about supersymmetric particles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dark%20matter" title="dark matter">dark matter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=galaxies%20rotation%20curves" title=" galaxies rotation curves"> galaxies rotation curves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SPARC" title=" SPARC"> SPARC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotating%20disk" title=" rotating disk"> rotating disk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171407/prediction-of-the-dark-matter-distribution-and-fraction-in-individual-galaxies-based-solely-on-their-rotation-curves" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171407.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Medication Errors in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramzi%20Shawahna">Ramzi Shawahna</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Neonatal intensive care units are high-risk settings where medication errors can occur and cause harm to this fragile segment of patients. This multicenter qualitative study was conducted to describe medication errors that occurred in neonatal intensive care units in Palestine from the perspectives of healthcare providers. Methods: This exploratory multicenter qualitative study was conducted and reported in adherence to the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research checklist. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with healthcare professionals (4 pediatricians/neonatologists and 11 intensive care unit nurses) who provided care services for patients admitted to neonatal intensive care units in Palestine. An interview schedule guided the semi-structured in-depth interviews. The qualitative interpretive description approach was used to thematically analyze the data. Results: The total duration of the interviews was 282 min. The healthcare providers described their experiences with 41 different medication errors. These medication errors were categorized under 3 categories and 10 subcategories. Errors that occurred while preparing/diluting/storing medications were related to calculations, using a wrong solvent/diluent, dilution errors, failure to adhere to guidelines while preparing the medication, failure to adhere to storage/packaging guidelines, and failure to adhere to labeling guidelines. Errors that occurred while prescribing/administering medications were related to inappropriate medication for the neonate, using a different administration technique from the one that was intended and administering a different dose from the one that was intended. Errors that occurred after administering the medications were related to failure to adhere to monitoring guidelines. Conclusion: In this multicenter study, pediatricians/neonatologists and neonatal intensive care unit nurses described medication errors occurring in intensive care units in Palestine. Medication errors occur in different stages of the medication process: preparation/dilution/storage, prescription/administration, and monitoring. Further studies are still needed to quantify medication errors occurring in neonatal intensive care units and investigate if the designed strategies could be effective in minimizing medication errors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medication%20errors" title="medication errors">medication errors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacist" title=" pharmacist"> pharmacist</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacology" title=" pharmacology"> pharmacology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neonates" title=" neonates"> neonates</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168453/medication-errors-in-neonatal-intensive-care-unit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168453.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">80</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Motivators and Barriers to High-Tech Entrepreneurship in the Israeli-Arab Community</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vered%20Holzmann">Vered Holzmann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramzi%20Halabi"> Ramzi Halabi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current research investigates motivators and barriers to high-tech entrepreneurship in the Israeli-Arab Community. With the aim to exploit the capacity of Israel as a 'start-up nation', we identify the most important aspects to promote integration of Israeli-Arab entrepreneurs in high-tech startups and business companies, thus impact the socio-economic status of the Arab community in Israel. We reviewed the literature on the role of high-tech and entrepreneurship in the Israeli economy, the profile of the Israeli-Arab community with regard to education and employability, and the characteristics of minority entrepreneurship to understand entrepreneurs' intentions, their incentives to choose the entrepreneurial route on one hand and the obstacles that they face on the other hand. Based on the literature review, we conducted an integrated study that included a survey among 73 Israeli-Arabs involved in high-tech entrepreneurship and 16 semi-structured interviews with Israeli-Arab and Jewish entrepreneurs and leaders in the high-tech industry. We analyzed the data to explore personal and social motivating factors to entrepreneurship as well as educational and socio-economical barriers for entrepreneurship. Three major elements were found to be the most influential on Arab high-tech entrepreneurship in Israel: education, financial resources, and strategic-institutional support. The relationship between education and employability that is well-known with regard to general education, requires two additional aspects in the field of high-tech entrepreneurship: education of technology and engineering, and education of business and entrepreneurship. The study findings reveal that the main motivation factors for entrepreneurship are development of creative ideas and improvement of the socio-economic status, while financial-related factors and lack of institutional and governmental support are perceived as impediments to entrepreneurial activities. Financing difficulties are mainly derived from discriminating financial environment and lack of professional networking. The relationship between entrepreneurship and economic growth seems to be clear and simple; thus it is a national interest to encourage entrepreneurship among the Arab community, and especially high-tech entrepreneurship which has a significant role in the economic growth of Israel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-tech%20industry" title="high-tech industry">high-tech industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation%20management" title=" innovation management"> innovation management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Israeli-Arab%20community" title=" Israeli-Arab community"> Israeli-Arab community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minority%20entrepreneurship" title=" minority entrepreneurship"> minority entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivating%20factors%20and%20barriers" title=" motivating factors and barriers"> motivating factors and barriers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78780/motivators-and-barriers-to-high-tech-entrepreneurship-in-the-israeli-arab-community" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78780.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">218</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Women’s Lived Expriences in Prison: A Study Conducted in Haramaya Correctional Facilities, Ethiopia. March 2023</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramzi%20Bekri%20Umer">Ramzi Bekri Umer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aim: This study attempts to investigate the causes and difficulties with women’s incarceration as well as threat for their reintegration after release from prison with emphasis on the correctional facility of Haramaya city. Method and Methodology: Both quantitative and qualitative research methods were employed in this study; key informant interviews and participant observation were utilized to gather qualitative data, while crosssectional and descriptive research designs were used to gather quantitative data. Findings: This study shows that the women's incarceration was caused by their family histories, genderbased violence, illiteracy, and socioeconomic issues. The principal charges made against the female culprits were theft, vandalism, murder, and moral perversion. A poor quality of life in prison, concerns about family dissolution, emotional instability, financial difficulties, and a lack of spirituality were the main causes of unhappiness for the women behind bars, while social stigma, mistrust, and retaliation fears were the main obstacles to the women's ability to reintegrate into their families and communities. Theoretical Importance: This study involves incarcerated women at correctional center of Haramaya who committed various types of crimes. The local government sectors and non-governmental organization will gain from the study in order to create workable plans to reduce women's criminality and the growing number of female lawbreakers. Local communities and other governmental and nongovernmental partners will be able to support gender equality initiatives that seek to eradicate gender-based violence and discrimination, which worsen the criminality of women. Data Collection and Analysis Procedures: The quantitative and qualitative data were collected prospectively from a sample of 100 women prisoners. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, whereas, thematic analysis, were used for qualitative data. Question Answered: 1. What are the main causes women’s imprisonment in Haramaya city correctional facility. 2. What are the main obstacles of the women's ability to reintegrate into their families and communities after released from incarceration. Conclusion: The study concludes that incarcerated women experience a tremendous impact on their daily life. It highlights the importance of addressing factors such as family backgrounds, gender-based violence, illiteracy and socio-economic problem to decrease the number of women imprisonment. Detention environment, fear for family breakup, financial hardship and deprivation of spiritual life are the major sources of distress among the incarcerated women. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women%20prisoner" title=" women prisoner"> women prisoner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incarceration" title=" incarceration"> incarceration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reintegration" title=" reintegration"> reintegration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175464/womens-lived-expriences-in-prison-a-study-conducted-in-haramaya-correctional-facilities-ethiopia-march-2023" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175464.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> The Power of in situ Characterization Techniques in Heterogeneous Catalysis: A Case Study of Deacon Reaction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramzi%20Farra">Ramzi Farra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Detre%20Teschner"> Detre Teschner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marc%20Willinger"> Marc Willinger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20Schl%C3%B6gl"> Robert Schlögl</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The conventional approach of characterizing solid catalysts under static conditions, i.e., before and after reaction, does not provide sufficient knowledge on the physicochemical processes occurring under dynamic conditions at the molecular level. Hence, the necessity of improving new in situ characterizing techniques with the potential of being used under real catalytic reaction conditions is highly desirable. In situ Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis (PGAA) is a rapidly developing chemical analytical technique that enables us experimentally to assess the coverage of surface species under catalytic turnover and correlate these with the reactivity. The catalytic HCl oxidation (Deacon reaction) over bulk ceria will serve as our example. Furthermore, the in situ Transmission Electron Microscopy is a powerful technique that can contribute to the study of atmosphere and temperature induced morphological or compositional changes of a catalyst at atomic resolution. The application of such techniques (PGAA and TEM) will pave the way to a greater and deeper understanding of the dynamic nature of active catalysts. Experimental/Methodology: In situ Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis (PGAA) experiments were carried out to determine the Cl uptake and the degree of surface chlorination under reaction conditions by varying p(O2), p(HCl), p(Cl2), and the reaction temperature. The abundance and dynamic evolution of OH groups on working catalyst under various steady-state conditions were studied by means of in situ FTIR with a specially designed homemade transmission cell. For real in situ TEM we use a commercial in situ holder with a home built gas feeding system and gas analytics. Conclusions: Two complimentary in situ techniques, namely in situ PGAA and in situ FTIR were utilities to investigate the surface coverage of the two most abundant species (Cl and OH). The OH density and Cl uptake were followed under multiple steady-state conditions as a function of p(O2), p(HCl), p(Cl2), and temperature. These experiments have shown that, the OH density positively correlates with the reactivity whereas Cl negatively. The p(HCl) experiments give rise to increased activity accompanied by Cl-coverage increase (opposite trend to p(O2) and T). Cl2 strongly inhibits the reaction, but no measurable increase of the Cl uptake was found. After considering all previous observations we conclude that only a minority of the available adsorption sites contribute to the reactivity. In addition, the mechanism of the catalysed reaction was proposed. The chlorine-oxygen competition for the available active sites renders re-oxidation as the rate-determining step of the catalysed reaction. Further investigations using in situ TEM are planned and will be conducted in the near future. Such experiments allow us to monitor active catalysts at the atomic scale under the most realistic conditions of temperature and pressure. The talk will shed a light on the potential and limitations of in situ PGAA and in situ TEM in the study of catalyst dynamics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CeO2" title="CeO2">CeO2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deacon%20process" title=" deacon process"> deacon process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20situ%20PGAA" title=" in situ PGAA"> in situ PGAA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20situ%20TEM" title=" in situ TEM"> in situ TEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20situ%20FTIR" title=" in situ FTIR"> in situ FTIR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29519/the-power-of-in-situ-characterization-techniques-in-heterogeneous-catalysis-a-case-study-of-deacon-reaction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29519.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); 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