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1983 Erzurum earthquake - Wikipedia

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style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">40.35; 42.1879</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Earthquake in eastern Turkey</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">1983 Erzurum earthquake</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:right;clear:right"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1983 Erzurum earthquake is located in Turkey"><img alt="1983 Erzurum earthquake is located in Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg/250px-Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg/375px-Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg/500px-Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1579" data-file-height="677" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:30.714%;left:85.663%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-20px;top:-20px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="1983 Erzurum earthquake"><img alt="1983 Erzurum earthquake" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Bullseye1.png/40px-Bullseye1.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Bullseye1.png/60px-Bullseye1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Bullseye1.png/80px-Bullseye1.png 2x" data-file-width="1610" data-file-height="1610" /></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a>&#160;time</th><td class="infobox-data">1983-10-30 04:12:30</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Seismological_Centre" title="International Seismological Centre">ISC</a>&#160;event</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isc.ac.uk/cgi-bin/FormatBibprint.pl?evid=567451">567451</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">USGS-<a href="/wiki/Advanced_National_Seismic_System" title="Advanced National Seismic System">ANSS</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/iscgem567451">ComCat</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Local&#160;date</th><td class="infobox-data">30&#160;October&#160;1983<span style="display:none">&#160;(<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1983-10-30</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Local&#160;time</th><td class="infobox-data">07:12:30</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Magnitude</th><td class="infobox-data">6.6 <a href="/wiki/Seismic_magnitude_scales#Mw" title="Seismic magnitude scales"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">'"`UNIQ--templatestyles-00000004-QINU`"'</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="Moment mag. scale">M<sub>w</sub></span></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Depth</th><td class="infobox-data">15&#160;km</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Epicenter</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=1983_Erzurum_earthquake&amp;params=40.35_N_42.1879_E_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°21′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">42°11′16″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.35°N 42.1879°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">40.35; 42.1879</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fault_(geology)#Oblique-slip_faults" title="Fault (geology)">Oblique-slip</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Areas affected</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Maximum">Max.</abbr> intensity</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="background-color:rgba(255, 0, 0); padding:4px; color:white;"><a href="/wiki/Modified_Mercalli_intensity_scale#mmi-9" title="Modified Mercalli intensity scale"><span style="color:white;">MMI IX (<i>Violent</i>)</span></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-koeri_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-koeri-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Landslides</th><td class="infobox-data">Yes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Casualties</th><td class="infobox-data">1,342 dead</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>1983 Erzurum earthquake</b> occurred in northeastern <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> on 30 October 1983 at 07:12 local time (04:12 UTC).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It had a moment magnitude of 6.6 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (<i>Violent</i>). Reuters reports that about 1,340 people have died and 50 settlements in the provinces of Erzurum and Kars have been demolished by the earthquake.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Earthquake">Earthquake</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1983_Erzurum_earthquake&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Earthquake"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The mainshock was associated with predominantly strike-slip faulting on a vertical-dipping fault plane. The geological area where the earthquake occurred is characterized by many faults trending northeast and east–northeast. The predominant rock types are <a href="/wiki/Volcanics" class="mw-redirect" title="Volcanics">volcanics</a> which lie on top of severely deformed <a href="/wiki/Ophiolite" title="Ophiolite">ophiolites</a>. Its epicenter is located within the Gullu and <a href="/wiki/Allahuekber_Mountains" title="Allahuekber Mountains">Allahuekber Mountains</a> which represents a Quaternary <a href="/wiki/Shear_zone" title="Shear zone">shear zone</a> with left-lateral faults marking the boundary. Seismicity is also associated with the Abul Samsar Fracture Zone; a northeast–southwest trending feature of the <a href="/wiki/Caucasus_Mountains" title="Caucasus Mountains">Caucasus Mountains</a>. A 15&#160;km (9.3&#160;mi) <a href="/wiki/Surface_rupture" title="Surface rupture">surface rupture</a> trending north–northeast was observed, exhibiting left-lateral and normal slip. <a href="/wiki/Graben" title="Graben">Graben</a>-type ground fractures also occurred due to <a href="/wiki/Extensional_tectonics" title="Extensional tectonics">extensional mechanism</a>. The surface rupture length was not consistent with those expected for the earthquake's magnitude.<sup id="cite_ref-Erdik84_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Erdik84-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Damage">Damage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1983_Erzurum_earthquake&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Damage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Well-constructed stone, concrete block and masonry infrastructures such as schools, mosques and medical facilities had less damage compared to others in the affected villages. Some remained intact even in the <a href="/wiki/Meizoseismal_area" title="Meizoseismal area">meizoseismal area</a>. The maximum assigned <a href="/wiki/MSK_64" class="mw-redirect" title="MSK 64">MSK 64</a> intensity based on damage was VIII.<sup id="cite_ref-Erdik84_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Erdik84-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Severe damage occurred in the villages of <a href="/wiki/Horasan" title="Horasan">Horasan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pasinler" title="Pasinler">Pasinler</a> and <a href="/wiki/Narman" title="Narman">Narman</a> municipalities, Erzurum Province. Villages in Sarikamis, Kars Province were also affected. Total destruction was observed in an elliptical area with axises 10&#160;km (6.2&#160;mi) (major) and 5&#160;km (3.1&#160;mi) (minor), respectively. The major axis trends northeast. About 80 percent of the at least 1,330 fatilities occurred in this area; 1,332 people were injured. Ten thousand homes were damaged; 3,200 collapsed. An estimated 26,000 livestock were killed.<sup id="cite_ref-Erdik84_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Erdik84-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1983_Erzurum_earthquake&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-koeri-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-koeri_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBoğaziçi_Üniversitesi" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Boğaziçi Üniversitesi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.koeri.boun.edu.tr/sismo/">"Bogazici University Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute National Earthquake Monitoring Center (NEMC) List of historical earthquakes (Tarihsel Depremler)"</a> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bogazici+University+Kandilli+Observatory+and+Earthquake+Research+Institute+National+Earthquake+Monitoring+Center+%28NEMC%29+List+of+historical+earthquakes+%28Tarihsel+Depremler%29&amp;rft.au=Bo%C4%9Fazi%C3%A7i+%C3%9Cniversitesi&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.koeri.boun.edu.tr%2Fsismo%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1983+Erzurum+earthquake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAysan1984" class="citation journal cs1">Aysan, F. Yasemin (1984). "The Erzurum-Kars earthquake of Eastern Turkey (1983)". <i>Disasters</i>. <b>8</b>: 21–32. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1467-7717.1984.tb00849.x">10.1111/j.1467-7717.1984.tb00849.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Disasters&amp;rft.atitle=The+Erzurum-Kars+earthquake+of+Eastern+Turkey+%281983%29&amp;rft.volume=8&amp;rft.pages=21-32&amp;rft.date=1984&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1467-7717.1984.tb00849.x&amp;rft.aulast=Aysan&amp;rft.aufirst=F.+Yasemin&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1983+Erzurum+earthquake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-turkey-quake-major-idUSTRE79Q2GP20111027">"Timeline: Major earthquakes in Turkey"</a>. Reuters. 27 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Timeline%3A+Major+earthquakes+in+Turkey&amp;rft.date=2011-10-27&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-turkey-quake-major-idUSTRE79Q2GP20111027&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1983+Erzurum+earthquake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Erdik84-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Erdik84_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Erdik84_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Erdik84_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFErdik1984" class="citation journal cs1">Erdik, Mustafa (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1193/1.1585261">"Report on the Turkish Earthquake of October 30, 1983"</a>. <i>Earthquake Spectra</i>. <b>1</b> (1): 151–172. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1984EarSp...1..151E">1984EarSp...1..151E</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1193%2F1.1585261">10.1193/1.1585261</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:109507734">109507734</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Earthquake+Spectra&amp;rft.atitle=Report+on+the+Turkish+Earthquake+of+October+30%2C+1983&amp;rft.volume=1&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.pages=151-172&amp;rft.date=1984&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A109507734%23id-name%3DS2CID&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1193%2F1.1585261&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1984EarSp...1..151E&amp;rft.aulast=Erdik&amp;rft.aufirst=Mustafa&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2Fpdf%2F10.1193%2F1.1585261&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1983+Erzurum+earthquake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1983_Erzurum_earthquake&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFErdik1984" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Erdik" title="Mustafa Erdik">Erdik, Mustafa</a> (1984), "Report on the Turkish Earthquake of October 30, 1983", <i>Earthquake Spectra</i>, <b>1</b>: 151–172, <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1984EarSp...1..151E">1984EarSp...1..151E</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1193%2F1.1585261">10.1193/1.1585261</a>, <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:109507734">109507734</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Earthquake+Spectra&amp;rft.atitle=Report+on+the+Turkish+Earthquake+of+October+30%2C+1983&amp;rft.volume=1&amp;rft.pages=151-172&amp;rft.date=1984&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A109507734%23id-name%3DS2CID&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1193%2F1.1585261&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1984EarSp...1..151E&amp;rft.aulast=Erdik&amp;rft.aufirst=Mustafa&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1983+Erzurum+earthquake" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1983_Erzurum_earthquake&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isc.ac.uk/">International Seismological Centre</a> has a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isc.ac.uk/cgi-bin/FormatBibprint.pl?evid=567451">bibliography</a> and/or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isc.ac.uk/cgi-bin/web-db-v4?event_id=567451&amp;out_format=IMS1.0&amp;request=COMPREHENSIVE">authoritative data</a> for this event.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="←_Earthquakes_in_1983_→" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Earthquakes_in_1983" title="Template:Earthquakes in 1983"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Earthquakes_in_1983" title="Template talk:Earthquakes in 1983"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Earthquakes_in_1983" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Earthquakes in 1983"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="←_Earthquakes_in_1983_→" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_1982" title="List of earthquakes in 1982">←</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_1983" title="List of earthquakes in 1983">Earthquakes in 1983</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_1984" class="mw-redirect" title="List of earthquakes in 1984">→</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1983_Popay%C3%A1n_earthquake" title="1983 Popayán earthquake">1983 Popayán</a> (5.5, March 31)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Coalinga_earthquake" title="1983 Coalinga earthquake">Coalinga</a> (6.5, May 2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Sea_of_Japan_earthquake" title="1983 Sea of Japan earthquake">Noshiro</a> (7.8, May 26) <b>†</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Biga_earthquake" title="1983 Biga earthquake">Biga</a> (6.1, July 5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Luzon_earthquake" title="1983 Luzon earthquake">Luzon</a> (6.5, August 17)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Kopaonik_earthquake" title="1983 Kopaonik earthquake">Kopaonik</a> (5.3, September 10)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Borah_Peak_earthquake" title="1983 Borah Peak earthquake">Borah Peak</a> (6.9, October 28)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Erzurum</a> (6.9, October 30) <b>†</b> <b>‡</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Heze_earthquake" title="1983 Heze earthquake">Heze</a> (5.7, November 7) <b>†</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Kaoiki_earthquake" title="1983 Kaoiki earthquake">Kaoiki</a> (6.7, November 16)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Chagos_Archipelago_earthquake" title="1983 Chagos Archipelago earthquake">Chagos Archipelago</a> (7.7, November 30)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Hindu_Kush_earthquake" title="1983 Hindu Kush earthquake">Hindu Kush</a> (7.4, December 30)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Li%C3%A8ge_earthquake" title="1983 Liège earthquake">Liège</a> (4.7, November 8)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>†</b> indicates earthquake resulting in at least 30 deaths<br /> <b>‡</b> indicates the deadliest earthquake of the year</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Earthquakes_in_Turkey" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Earthquakes_in_Turkey" title="Template:Earthquakes in Turkey"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Earthquakes_in_Turkey" title="Template talk:Earthquakes in Turkey"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Earthquakes_in_Turkey" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Earthquakes in Turkey"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Earthquakes_in_Turkey" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Turkey" title="List of earthquakes in Turkey">Earthquakes in Turkey</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AD_17_Lydia_earthquake" title="AD 17 Lydia earthquake">AD 17 Lydia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/115_Antioch_earthquake" title="115 Antioch earthquake">115 Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/141_Lycia_earthquake" title="141 Lycia earthquake">141 Lycia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/262_Southwest_Anatolia_earthquake" title="262 Southwest Anatolia earthquake">262 SW Anatolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/447_Constantinople_earthquake" title="447 Constantinople earthquake">447 Constantinople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/526_Antioch_earthquake" title="526 Antioch earthquake">526 Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/528_Antioch_earthquake" title="528 Antioch earthquake">528 Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/557_Constantinople_earthquake" title="557 Constantinople earthquake">557 Constantinople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/840_Erzurum_earthquake" title="840 Erzurum earthquake">840 Erzurum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/847_Damascus_earthquake" title="847 Damascus earthquake">847 Damascus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1114_Marash_earthquake" title="1114 Marash earthquake">1114 Marash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1269_Cilicia_earthquake" title="1269 Cilicia earthquake">1269 Cilicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1509_Constantinople_earthquake" title="1509 Constantinople earthquake">1509 Constantinople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1513_Marash_earthquake" title="1513 Marash earthquake">1513 Marash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1598_Amasya%E2%80%93%C3%87orum_earthquake" title="1598 Amasya–Çorum earthquake">1598 Amasya–Çorum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1653_Smyrna_earthquake" title="1653 Smyrna earthquake">1653 Smyrna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1668_North_Anatolia_earthquake" title="1668 North Anatolia earthquake">1668 North Anatolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1688_Smyrna_earthquake" title="1688 Smyrna earthquake">1688 Smyrna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1766_Istanbul_earthquake" title="1766 Istanbul earthquake">1766 Istanbul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1766_Marmara_earthquake" title="1766 Marmara earthquake">1766 Marmara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1840_Ahora_earthquake" title="1840 Ahora earthquake">1840 Ahora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1855_Bursa_earthquake" title="1855 Bursa earthquake">1855 Bursa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_Heraklion_earthquake" title="1856 Heraklion earthquake">1856 Heraklion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1859_Erzurum_earthquake" title="1859 Erzurum earthquake">1859 Erzurum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1866_Bing%C3%B6l_earthquake" title="1866 Bingöl earthquake">1866 Bingöl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Amik_earthquake" title="1872 Amik earthquake">1872 Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1875_Dinar_earthquake" title="1875 Dinar earthquake">1875 Dinar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1881_Chios_earthquake" title="1881 Chios earthquake">1881 Chios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1883_%C3%87e%C5%9Fme_earthquake" title="1883 Çeşme earthquake">1883 Çeşme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1893_Malatya_earthquake" title="1893 Malatya earthquake">1893 Malatya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1894_Istanbul_earthquake" title="1894 Istanbul earthquake">1894 Istanbul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1898_Bal%C4%B1kesir_earthquake" title="1898 Balıkesir earthquake">1898 Balıkesir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1899_Ayd%C4%B1n%E2%80%93Denizli_earthquake" title="1899 Aydın–Denizli earthquake">1899 Aydın–Denizli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1903_Manzikert_earthquake" title="1903 Manzikert earthquake">1903 Manzikert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_M%C3%BCrefte_earthquake" title="1912 Mürefte earthquake">1912 Mürefte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1914_Burdur_earthquake" title="1914 Burdur earthquake">1914 Burdur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1919_Ayval%C4%B1k_earthquake" title="1919 Ayvalık earthquake">1919 Ayvalık</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Contemporary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1924_Pasinler_earthquake" title="1924 Pasinler earthquake">1924 Pasinler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_Kars_earthquake" title="1926 Kars earthquake">1926 Kars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1929_Su%C5%9Fehri_earthquake" title="1929 Suşehri earthquake">1929 Suşehri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1930_Salmas_earthquake" title="1930 Salmas earthquake">1930 Salmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_Erdek%E2%80%93Marmara_Islands_earthquake" title="1935 Erdek–Marmara Islands earthquake">1935 Erdek–Marmara Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_Digor_earthquake" title="1935 Digor earthquake">1935 Digor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938_K%C4%B1r%C5%9Fehir_earthquake" title="1938 Kırşehir earthquake">1938 Kırşehir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1939_Erzincan_earthquake" title="1939 Erzincan earthquake">1939 Erzincan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_Van%E2%80%93Erci%C5%9F_earthquake" title="1941 Van–Erciş earthquake">1941 Van–Erciş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_Niksar%E2%80%93Erbaa_earthquake" title="1942 Niksar–Erbaa earthquake">1942 Niksar–Erbaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_Adapazar%C4%B1%E2%80%93Hendek_earthquake" title="1943 Adapazarı–Hendek earthquake">1943 Adapazarı–Hendek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_Tosya%E2%80%93Ladik_earthquake" title="1943 Tosya–Ladik earthquake">1943 Tosya–Ladik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Bolu%E2%80%93Gerede_earthquake" title="1944 Bolu–Gerede earthquake">1944 Bolu–Gerede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Gulf_of_Edremit%E2%80%93Ayvacik_earthquake" title="1944 Gulf of Edremit–Ayvacik earthquake">1944 Gulf of Edremit–Ayvacik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Varto%E2%80%93H%C4%B1n%C4%B1s_earthquake" title="1946 Varto–Hınıs earthquake">1946 Varto–Hınıs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949_Karl%C4%B1ova_earthquake" title="1949 Karlıova earthquake">1949 Karlıova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951_Kur%C5%9Funlu_earthquake" title="1951 Kurşunlu earthquake">1951 Kurşunlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Hasankale_earthquake" title="1952 Hasankale earthquake">1952 Hasankale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Yenice%E2%80%93G%C3%B6nen_earthquake" title="1953 Yenice–Gönen earthquake">1953 Yenice–Gönen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Fethiye_earthquakes" title="1957 Fethiye earthquakes">1957 Fethiye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Abant_earthquake" title="1957 Abant earthquake">1957 Abant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Manyas_earthquake" title="1964 Manyas earthquake">1964 Manyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_Varto_earthquake" title="1966 Varto earthquake">1966 Varto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_Mudurnu_earthquake" title="1967 Mudurnu earthquake">1967 Mudurnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Bart%C4%B1n_earthquake" title="1968 Bartın earthquake">1968 Bartın</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_Ala%C5%9Fehir_earthquake" title="1969 Alaşehir earthquake">1969 Alaşehir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Gediz_earthquake" title="1970 Gediz earthquake">1970 Gediz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Bing%C3%B6l_earthquake" title="1971 Bingöl earthquake">1971 Bingöl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_Lice_earthquake" title="1975 Lice earthquake">1975 Lice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_%C3%87ald%C4%B1ran%E2%80%93Muradiye_earthquake" title="1976 Çaldıran–Muradiye earthquake">1976 Çaldıran–Muradiye</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1983 Erzurum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Biga_earthquake" title="1983 Biga earthquake">1983 Biga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Malatya_earthquake" title="1986 Malatya earthquake">1986 Malatya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Erzincan_earthquake" title="1992 Erzincan earthquake">1992 Erzincan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Dinar_earthquake" title="1995 Dinar earthquake">1995 Dinar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Adana%E2%80%93Ceyhan_earthquake" title="1998 Adana–Ceyhan earthquake">1998 Adana–Ceyhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_%C4%B0zmit_earthquake" title="1999 İzmit earthquake">1999 İzmit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_D%C3%BCzce_earthquake" title="1999 Düzce earthquake">1999 Düzce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Afyon_earthquake" title="2002 Afyon earthquake">2002 Afyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Bing%C3%B6l_earthquake" title="2003 Bingöl earthquake">2003 Bingöl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Do%C4%9Fubayaz%C4%B1t_earthquake" title="2004 Doğubayazıt earthquake">2004 Doğubayazıt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Elaz%C4%B1%C4%9F_earthquake" title="2010 Elazığ earthquake">2010 Elazığ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_K%C3%BCtahya_earthquake" title="2011 Kütahya earthquake">2011 Kütahya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Van_earthquakes" title="2011 Van earthquakes">2011 Van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Aegean_Sea_earthquake" title="2014 Aegean Sea earthquake">2014 Aegean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Aegean_Sea_earthquake" title="2017 Aegean Sea earthquake">2017 Aegean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Istanbul_earthquake" title="2019 Istanbul earthquake">2019 Istanbul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Elaz%C4%B1%C4%9F_earthquake" title="2020 Elazığ earthquake">2020 Elazığ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Iran%E2%80%93Turkey_earthquakes" title="2020 Iran–Turkey earthquakes">2020 Van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Bing%C3%B6l_earthquake" title="2020 Bingöl earthquake">2020 Bingöl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Aegean_Sea_earthquake" title="2020 Aegean Sea earthquake">2020 Aegean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_D%C3%BCzce_earthquake" title="2022 Düzce earthquake">2022 Düzce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Turkey%E2%80%93Syria_earthquakes" title="2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes">2023 Gaziantep–Kahramanmaraş</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1012311289">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}</style><div role="note" class="metadata plainlinks asbox stub"><table role="presentation"><tbody><tr class="noresize"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Terremoto_Valpara%C3%ADso_1906.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Stub icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Terremoto_Valpara%C3%ADso_1906.jpg/40px-Terremoto_Valpara%C3%ADso_1906.jpg" decoding="async" width="40" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Terremoto_Valpara%C3%ADso_1906.jpg/60px-Terremoto_Valpara%C3%ADso_1906.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Terremoto_Valpara%C3%ADso_1906.jpg/80px-Terremoto_Valpara%C3%ADso_1906.jpg 2x" data-file-width="635" data-file-height="464" /></a></span></td><td><p class="asbox-body">This article about an earthquake in Europe is a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub" title="Wikipedia:Stub">stub</a>. 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