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<li id="toc-Colonial_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colonial_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Colonial era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colonial_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Revolution_to_annexation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Revolution_to_annexation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Revolution to annexation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Revolution_to_annexation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Formation_of_Boston_neighborhood" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formation_of_Boston_neighborhood"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Formation of Boston neighborhood</span> </div> </a> <ul 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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Urban renewal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Urban_renewal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sub-neighborhoods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sub-neighborhoods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Sub-neighborhoods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sub-neighborhoods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Green_spaces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Green_spaces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Green spaces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Green_spaces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" 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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transportation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Public_transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Public transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commuter_rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commuter_rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Commuter rail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commuter_rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cars_and_parking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cars_and_parking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Cars and parking</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cars_and_parking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bicycle_paths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bicycle_paths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Bicycle paths</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bicycle_paths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header 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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Jamaica Plain</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 6 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-6" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">6 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaica_Plain" title="Jamaica Plain – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Jamaica Plain" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaica_Plain" title="Jamaica Plain – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Jamaica Plain" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaica_Plain" title="Jamaica Plain – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Jamaica Plain" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaica_Plain" title="Jamaica Plain – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Jamaica Plain" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D9%BE%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%DA%BA" title="جمیکا پلائیں – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جمیکا پلائیں" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%99%E8%B2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E6%99%AE%E8%90%8A%E6%81%A9" title="牙買加普萊恩 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="牙買加普萊恩" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q985993#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Jamaica_Plain&params=42_18_27_N_71_06_47_W_type:city_region:US-MA"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°18′27″N</span> <span class="longitude">71°06′47″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.30750°N 71.11306°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.30750; -71.11306</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Neighborhood in Boston</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Neighborhood of Boston in Suffolk, Massachusetts, United States</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night 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.ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Jamaica Plain</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Neighborhoods_in_Boston" title="Neighborhoods in Boston">Neighborhood of Boston</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Monument_%26_First_Church_in_JP_In_The_Snow.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Soldier's Monument and First Unitarian Universalist Church in Jamaica Plain"><img alt="Soldier's Monument and First Unitarian Universalist Church in Jamaica Plain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/The_Monument_%26_First_Church_in_JP_In_The_Snow.jpg/270px-The_Monument_%26_First_Church_in_JP_In_The_Snow.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/The_Monument_%26_First_Church_in_JP_In_The_Snow.jpg/405px-The_Monument_%26_First_Church_in_JP_In_The_Snow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/The_Monument_%26_First_Church_in_JP_In_The_Snow.jpg/540px-The_Monument_%26_First_Church_in_JP_In_The_Snow.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Soldier's Monument and First Unitarian Universalist Church in Jamaica Plain</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">JP</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container floatright" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="250" data-zoom="13" data-lat="42.3075" data-lon="-71.113055555556" data-overlays="["_02b29bbf312263bdf40688e766ba5b41b9e68f22"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/13/42.3075/-71.113055555556/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,42.3075,-71.113055555556,250x250.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Jamaica_Plain&revid=1255450814&groups=_02b29bbf312263bdf40688e766ba5b41b9e68f22" width="250" height="250" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,42.3075,-71.113055555556,250x250@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Jamaica_Plain&revid=1255450814&groups=_02b29bbf312263bdf40688e766ba5b41b9e68f22 2x" alt="Map" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location of Jamaica Plain in <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">State</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">County</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_County,_Massachusetts" title="Suffolk County, Massachusetts">Suffolk</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Neighborhood of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Annexed by Boston</th><td class="infobox-data">1874</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2020)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">41,012</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%925" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−5">UTC−5</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Standard_Time_Zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Standard Time Zone">Eastern</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Area_code_617" class="mw-redirect" title="Area code 617">617</a>/<a href="/wiki/Area_code_857" class="mw-redirect" title="Area code 857">857</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cityofboston.gov/neighborhoods/jamaicaplain.asp">Official website</a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Jamaica Plain</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Neighborhoods_in_Boston" title="Neighborhoods in Boston">neighborhood</a> of 4.4 square miles (11 km<sup>2</sup>) in <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, Massachusetts, United States. Settled by <a href="/wiki/Puritans" title="Puritans">Puritans</a> seeking farmland to the south, it was originally part of <a href="/wiki/Roxbury,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Roxbury, Massachusetts">Roxbury</a>. The community seceded from Roxbury during the formation of <a href="/wiki/West_Roxbury,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="West Roxbury, Massachusetts">West Roxbury</a> in 1851 and became part of Boston when West Roxbury was annexed in 1874.<sup id="cite_ref-rhs_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rhs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 19th century, Jamaica Plain became one of the first <a href="/wiki/Streetcar_suburb" title="Streetcar suburb">streetcar suburbs</a> in America and home to a significant portion of Boston's <a href="/wiki/Emerald_Necklace" title="Emerald Necklace">Emerald Necklace</a> of parks, designed by <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Law_Olmsted" title="Frederick Law Olmsted">Frederick Law Olmsted</a>. </p><p>In 2020, Jamaica Plain had a population of 41,012 according to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Census">United States Census</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colonial_era">Colonial era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Colonial era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jamaica_Plain_mile_marker.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Jamaica_Plain_mile_marker.jpg/220px-Jamaica_Plain_mile_marker.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Jamaica_Plain_mile_marker.jpg/330px-Jamaica_Plain_mile_marker.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Jamaica_Plain_mile_marker.jpg/440px-Jamaica_Plain_mile_marker.jpg 2x" data-file-width="778" data-file-height="583" /></a><figcaption>This milestone marking five miles (8 km) from the Boston Town House, now the site of the <a href="/wiki/Old_State_House_(Boston)" title="Old State House (Boston)">Old State House</a> in <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Boston" title="Downtown Boston">downtown Boston</a> was placed on Centre Street by Paul Dudley in 1735.</figcaption></figure> <p>Shortly after the founding of <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roxbury,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Roxbury, Massachusetts">Roxbury</a> in 1630, <a href="/wiki/William_Heath" title="William Heath">William Heath</a>'s family and three others settled on land just south of Parker Hill in what is now Jamaica Plain.<sup id="cite_ref-rhs_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rhs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the next few years, William Curtis, John May and others set up farms nearby along <a href="/wiki/Stony_Brook_(Boston)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stony Brook (Boston)">Stony Brook</a>, which flowed from south to north from Turtle Pond (in <a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_Boston" title="Hyde Park, Boston">Hyde Park</a>) to an outlet in the <a href="/wiki/Charles_River" title="Charles River">Charles River</a> marshes in the current filled-in Fens area of Boston. John Polley followed with a farm which he purchased from Lt. Joshua Hewe in 1659 at the site of the present-day Soldier's Monument at the intersection of South and Centre streets, closer to the "Great Pond", later known as <a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Pond" title="Jamaica Pond">Jamaica Pond</a>. Later, for services rendered during the <a href="/wiki/Pequot_War" title="Pequot War">Pequot War</a>, Joseph Weld received a grant of 278 acres (1.1 km<sup>2</sup>) of land between South Street and Centre Street. His son John built a home along South Street in the area which is now the <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Arboretum" title="Arnold Arboretum">Arnold Arboretum</a>. The Weld family continued to live in the area for many generations.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the late 1650s, the name "Jamaica" first appears on maps for the area of Roxbury between Stony Brook and the Great Pond. There are a number of theories regarding the origin of the name "Jamaica Plain". A well-known theory traces the origin to "Jamaica rum", a reference to <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaican</a> cane sugar's role in the <a href="/wiki/Triangle_Trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Triangle Trade">Triangle Trade</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rum" title="Rum">rum</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">slaves</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were taverns on the Road to Dedham in the vicinity of Jamaica Plain. Another explanation is that "Jamaica", though a different letter "A" pronunciation, is an <a href="/wiki/Anglicization" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglicization">Anglicization</a> of the name of <a href="/wiki/Kuchamakin" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuchamakin">Kuchamakin</a>, brother of <a href="/wiki/Chickatawbut" title="Chickatawbut">Chickatawbut</a>, the deceased <a href="/wiki/Sachem" title="Sachem">sachem</a> (chief) of the <a href="/wiki/Massachusett" title="Massachusett">Massachusett</a> tribe, who ruled the tribe as regent to Chickataubut's minor son, Josias Wampatuck.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1655, the English navy took the island of Jamaica from the Spanish, so it is also possible the area was named to honor this recent British victory. </p><p>On some maps, until the mid-19th century, the area was marked as "Jamaica Plains".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/John_Ruggles" title="John Ruggles">John Ruggles</a> and Hugh Thomas donated land in 1676 for the building of the community's first school. A gift of 75 acres (30 ha) of land south of the "Great Pond" by <a href="/wiki/John_Eliot_(missionary)" title="John Eliot (missionary)">John Eliot</a> provided financial support for the school, which was named the Eliot School<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (which still exists) in his honor. </p><p>During the 18th century, the farms of the Jamaica section of Roxbury transitioned from subsistence to market orientation, serving the growing Boston population.<sup id="cite_ref-rhs_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rhs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time, wealthy men bought land and built estates in the bucolic countryside. In 1740, Benjamin Faneuil, nephew of Boston merchant <a href="/wiki/Peter_Faneuil" title="Peter Faneuil">Peter Faneuil</a>, bought land between Centre Street and Stony Brook. In 1752, Commodore <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Loring" title="Joshua Loring">Joshua Loring</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> bought the old Polley farm and built a home to which he retired. At Jamaica Pond, the provincial governor, <a href="/wiki/Sir_Francis_Bernard,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Francis Bernard, 1st Baronet">Francis Bernard</a>, built a summer home on 60 acres (240,000 m<sup>2</sup>). </p><p>In 1769, the community's first church was built paid for by Susannah and Benjamin Pemberton before permission was granted from the two existing parishes of Roxbury. After many appeals and bargains, the families along South Street and to the west were released by the Second Parish in 1772 and the Third Parish of Roxbury was incorporated, and on May 26, 1773, the colonial legislature granted an act "setting off the nine families and their lands from the First Precinct (or parish) of the Town of Roxbury and annexing to the Third Precinct in the said town." During the occupation of Boston, the colonial assembly met in this building. The church was the only church in Jamaica Plain for seventy years and during that time became one of the original Unitarian churches and continues on the same site now known as the First Church in Jamaica Plain. The original white clapboard building was replaced by the stone Romanesque Revival building in 1854 designed by the architect Nathaniel Bradlee. (Pictured above.) </p><p>The Minutemen from the Third Parish fought at Lexington and Bunker Hill under the command of Captain Lemuel Child and are commemorated on a plaque next to the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a> Monument. </p><p>In 1775, troops from <a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a> and <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> were quartered with residents of Jamaica Plain. General <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">Washington</a> stationed troops on Weld Hill, today's Bussey Hill in the Arnold Arboretum. The units protected the road south to <a href="/wiki/Dedham,_Massachusetts" title="Dedham, Massachusetts">Dedham</a> (Centre Street), where the American arsenal was kept, in case the British broke the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Boston" title="Siege of Boston">siege of Boston</a>. </p><p>With the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a>, many of the <a href="/wiki/Loyalist_(American_Revolution)" title="Loyalist (American Revolution)">Tory</a> estate owners fled the country, and were replaced by the rising elite of the new Boston. In 1777, <a href="/wiki/John_Hancock" title="John Hancock">John Hancock</a> purchased an estate near the pond. The widow Ann Doane bought the estate once owned by Loyalist Joshua Loring (which is still standing, as the <a href="/wiki/Loring-Greenough_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Loring-Greenough House">Loring-Greenough House</a>). She soon was remarried, to attorney David S. Greenough. When <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Adams" title="Samuel Adams">Samuel Adams</a> became governor of <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, he bought the former Peacock Tavern. It was located on Centre Street (near today's Allandale Street and the <a href="/wiki/Faulkner_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Faulkner Hospital">Faulkner Hospital</a>). With his wealth made in the <a href="/wiki/Old_China_Trade" title="Old China Trade">China trade</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Perkins_(1761-1822)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Perkins (1761-1822) (page does not exist)">James Perkins</a> built his home, Pinebank,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> overlooking Jamaica Pond in 1802. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Revolution_to_annexation">Revolution to annexation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Revolution to annexation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The early years of the 19th century continued the trends of the post-Independence years. An aqueduct was built to Boston and inner Roxbury by the Jamaica Pond Aqueduct Corporation, which provided water to Boston, Roxbury and later the Town of West Roxbury, from 1795 to 1886.<sup id="cite_ref-rhs_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rhs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carriages carried people to Roxbury and Boston on Centre Street (then, the Highway to Dedham), and in 1806 on the new Norfolk and Bristol Turnpike toll road (present day Washington Street). In 1826, "hourlies" ran from Jamaica Plain to Roxbury and Boston on a regular schedule, and the 1830s brought larger "omnibuses" to carry the growing passenger base. The first train line reached Jamaica Plain in 1834 when the <a href="/wiki/Boston_and_Providence_Rail_Road" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston and Providence Rail Road">Boston and Providence Rail Road</a> began service, with special low "commuter" fares offered residents in 1839. Stops at Boylston Street and Tollgate (present day Forest Hills) were joined by a station at Woolsey Square (Green Street) at the request of local residents. </p><p>Green Street, laid out in 1836 to connect Centre Street and the Toll road, (Washington Street) became a hub of local artisans and builders. Soon after, Centre Street near Green Street became a retail main street, with grocers attracting local business providing products from the West Indies and common household goods. During the 1840s, as commuters from Boston settled in Jamaica Plain, the local market grew, with artisans and businesses - with proprietors living in the community - providing much of the needed products and services. In the Stony Brook valley along the rail line adjacent to Roxbury, a small industrial center formed, with small chemical factories, tanneries and soap factories taking advantage of the running water, isolation, access to transportation, and available land. Reflecting the growing population, a number of new churches were built. Four churches opened and served the new, more varied population. </p><p><br /> By 1850, the once agricultural community had seen a significant change in its population. Only 10% of its heads of household were listed as farmers, while 28% were businessmen and professionals, and another 20% were Irish-born.<sup id="cite_ref-rhs_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rhs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an effort to stem the increase in property taxes to support the rapidly urbanizing inner Roxbury area, the owners of the large estates in Jamaica Plain led a successful effort in 1851 to secede from Roxbury and form a new, suburban town of West Roxbury. Meanwhile, growth continued unabated. In 1850, David S. Greenough developed the south end of his family land into four streets, including today's McBride Street. Three years later, he sold land along the east side of the railroad tracks for the new Jamaica Plain Gas Light Company. In 1857, the new West Roxbury Railroad Company extended their horse rail car line to a depot on South Street, at the site of today's public housing project opposite McBride Street. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Winslow_Homer_-_Skating_on_Jamaica_Pond,_near_Boston_-_1942.1364_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Winslow_Homer_-_Skating_on_Jamaica_Pond%2C_near_Boston_-_1942.1364_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.jpg/220px-Winslow_Homer_-_Skating_on_Jamaica_Pond%2C_near_Boston_-_1942.1364_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Winslow_Homer_-_Skating_on_Jamaica_Pond%2C_near_Boston_-_1942.1364_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.jpg/330px-Winslow_Homer_-_Skating_on_Jamaica_Pond%2C_near_Boston_-_1942.1364_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Winslow_Homer_-_Skating_on_Jamaica_Pond%2C_near_Boston_-_1942.1364_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.jpg/440px-Winslow_Homer_-_Skating_on_Jamaica_Pond%2C_near_Boston_-_1942.1364_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="2995" /></a><figcaption><i>Skating On Jamaica Pond</i> by Winslow Homer, 1859</figcaption></figure> <p>During the same years, ice houses lined the south shore of Jamaica Pond. Ice was harvested each winter by the Jamaica Plain Ice Company and sold in Boston and beyond until the 1890s, when the City of Boston bought the pond. During the China trade ships going toward the Orient needed ballast and excess harvested ice was used from the Pond. Ships went around Cape Horn up to San Francisco where the ice was sold. Continuing the transportation development that both served Jamaica Plain's commuters and spurred further urban development, the Boston and Providence company added a second track in 1860, a third in 1870, and a fourth in 1890. Many of the new residents were Irish and Catholic, and to serve their needs the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rcab.org/">Archdiocese of Boston</a> began construction of St Thomas Aquinas Church on South Street, with a grammar school following in 1873. In less than a generation, Jamaica Plain had changed significantly, and the wealthy estate owners no longer held power. In 1873, West Roxbury residents – most living in Jamaica Plain – voted in favor of annexation to Boston. The Town of West Roxbury had grown from 2,700 residents in 1850 to 9,000 in 1875,<sup id="cite_ref-rhs_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rhs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and many of the new residents wanted the advantages of the services (street grading, sewer lines) that the City of Boston could provide. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formation_of_Boston_neighborhood">Formation of Boston neighborhood</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Formation of Boston neighborhood"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Three_deckers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Three_deckers.jpg/220px-Three_deckers.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Three_deckers.jpg/330px-Three_deckers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Three_deckers.jpg/440px-Three_deckers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="778" data-file-height="583" /></a><figcaption>Classic triple deckers on Child Street</figcaption></figure> <p>As Jamaica Plain became a part of <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, the rate of growth continued to increase. The <a href="/wiki/Triple_decker" class="mw-redirect" title="Triple decker">triple decker</a> house, a defining image in urban New England architecture, first showed up in the 1870s, and spread rapidly in the 1890s. In Jamaica Plain, the first commercial blocks were built in the 1870s, with the first brick commercial building erected in 1875. In 1873, the imposing brick police station was built on Seaverns Avenue, and a year later the recently built Eliot School was renamed West Roxbury High School, only to be changed to Jamaica Plain High School after annexation. The Stony Brook valley had long been the industrial center of Jamaica Plain. In 1871, the Haffenreffer brewery opened near Boylston and Amory Streets, taking advantage of the Stony Brook aquifer and the presence of German immigrants in the area. The same year, the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111203201605/http://www.jphs.org/victorian/boylston-schul-verein-and-the-german-saturday-school.html">Boylston <i>Schul Verein</i> German social club </a> opened just across the railroad tracks, one of many organizations that served German residents in the neighborhood. To the south, the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sturtevantfan.com/JP.html">B.F. Sturtevant Company</a> opened an industrial fan factory in 1878 along the railroad tracks between Williams and Green Street, which grew to employ 500 employees.<sup id="cite_ref-rhs_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rhs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1901, the factory suffered a massive fire<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the company moved to Hyde Park several miles south. </p><p>The continued movement of both residents and businesses into the Stony Brook valley brought calls to contain the brook, prevent floods, and provide sewer drainage.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 1870s, the brook was deepened and contained within wooden walls, but the spring thaw resulted in flooding of surrounding streets, and a new effort. Work continued until 1908, when the brook was placed into a shallow culvert from Forest Hills to its present outlet in the Boston Fens, behind the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston" title="Museum of Fine Arts, Boston">Museum of Fine Arts, Boston</a>. In the following years, the brook that once defined the industrial heart of Jamaica Plain was largely forgotten, until it was memorialized by the new Stony Brook Orange Line station at Boylston Street. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hafenreffer_brewery.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Hafenreffer_brewery.jpg/220px-Hafenreffer_brewery.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Hafenreffer_brewery.jpg/330px-Hafenreffer_brewery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Hafenreffer_brewery.jpg/440px-Hafenreffer_brewery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="622" data-file-height="526" /></a><figcaption>The former Haffenreffer Brewery today</figcaption></figure> <p>Breweries continued to be major employers during these years.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On Heath Street, the Highland Spring Brewery had been operating since 1867. In the 1880s, the Eblana and Park breweries and the American Brewing Company opened, taking advantage of local German and Irish immigrants to fill jobs. Franklin Brewery extended the beermaking district to Washington Street. These and other breweries were all closed to beer making during Prohibition, and few survived to reopen after repeal, although many found other uses, and some still stand. An exception was Haffenreffer, which continued until 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The old building now houses a number of commercial establishments, including the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Beer_Company" title="Boston Beer Company">Boston Beer Company</a>, brewers of Samuel Adams beer, as well as the nonprofit Jamaica Plain Neighborhood Development Corporation.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A late survivor was Croft Ale, brewed in the Highland Spring Brewery building until 1953, when it became the Rosoff Pickle factory,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where the pickle vats could be seen from the commuter trains passing by. </p><p>A notable company that moved to Heath Street after prohibition was the <a href="/wiki/Moxie" title="Moxie">Moxie</a> soft drink company. Invented by Augustin Thompson in <a href="/wiki/Lowell,_Massachusetts" title="Lowell, Massachusetts">Lowell, Massachusetts</a>, in 1876, the company marketed the distinctively flavored Moxie to shift it from medicinal "tonic" to soft drink, much like <a href="/wiki/Coca-Cola" title="Coca-Cola">Coca-Cola</a>, and it outsold Coke in 1920. The company stopped advertising their distinctive product during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a>, and never recovered their lost market share. After the plant closed in 1953, the building was torn down by the City of Boston for the new Bromley Heath public housing projects.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the late 19th century, Jamaica Plain's housing stock grew with the commercial development, providing homes for workers in local businesses and commuters as well. Sumner Hill, based on the old Greenough estate, became home to business owners and managers. In the 1880s, the Parley Vale estate and Robinwood Avenue were developed to serve the same market. Ten years later, Moss Hill Road and Woodland Road were laid out on land owned by the Bowditch family, creating the most exclusive neighborhood in Jamaica Plain until this day. At the same time, the land off South Street was being developed into streets and filled with houses for the working-class population, especially the Irish. By the early 20th century, the streets of Jamaica Plain were filled in, and houses or businesses were on most buildable plots. The entire housing stock of Jamaica Plain had been owned, divided, financed, built and sold largely by Jamaica Plain residents. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_20th_century">Early 20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Early 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sumner_HIll_house.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Sumner_HIll_house.jpg/220px-Sumner_HIll_house.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Sumner_HIll_house.jpg/330px-Sumner_HIll_house.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Sumner_HIll_house.jpg/440px-Sumner_HIll_house.jpg 2x" data-file-width="661" data-file-height="506" /></a><figcaption>House on Sumner Hill</figcaption></figure> <p>The year 1900 brought another major employer to Jamaica Plain when <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gustave_Plant" title="Thomas Gustave Plant">Thomas Gustave Plant</a> built a factory for his Queen Quality Shoe Company at Centre and Bickford Streets,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> said to be the largest women's shoe factory in the world at the time, with five thousand workers. In order to avoid the labor strife that was common at the time, the company offered a park beside the factory, recreation rooms, a gym, library, dance hall, and sponsored sports teams that competed in local leagues. Shoes continued to be made in the building until the 1950s, but arson burned the massive brick structure down in 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The site is now home to a supermarket. </p><p>In 1900, Jamaica Plain had a significant immigrant population, which helped shape the future of the community.<sup id="cite_ref-rhs_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rhs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many <a href="/wiki/Irish_people" title="Irish people">Irish</a> had settled in large numbers in the Heath Street, South Street, Forest Hills and Stony Brook area (Brookside), taking laboring and domestic jobs, and becoming one-quarter of the population. Germans had reached 14%, living in Hyde Square, Egleston Square and Brookside, employed as skilled workers and managers, with their own social clubs and churches. <a href="/wiki/Canadians" title="Canadians">Canadians</a>, many from the Maritime Provinces, made up 12% of the population, often working in white collar or skilled jobs. Italians would come as well, in the years after 1910. New technologies allowed local businesses to provide jobs into the new century. In the 1910s, Randall-Faichney Company manufactured automobile parts, and the Holtzer-Cabot Company moved from making electric motors and telephone switching equipment to add electric automobiles. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St-Thomas-Parish-JP-MA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/St-Thomas-Parish-JP-MA.jpg/220px-St-Thomas-Parish-JP-MA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/St-Thomas-Parish-JP-MA.jpg/330px-St-Thomas-Parish-JP-MA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/St-Thomas-Parish-JP-MA.jpg/440px-St-Thomas-Parish-JP-MA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1638" /></a><figcaption>St. Thomas Aquinas Parish in Jamaica Plain at dusk</figcaption></figure> <p>Religion played a significant part in local life during these years. The increase in Catholic residents resulted in the building of new churches to join St Thomas Aquinas. Our Lady of Lourdes was built in 1896 in Brookside, and Blessed Sacrament, built to serve the residents of Hyde Square, was finished in 1917. St Andrews on Walk Hill street in Forest Hills came soon after. Each church had an elementary school that anchored the parish and bred a strong loyalty in parishioners, and in 1927, St Thomas parish added a high school, which remained open until 1975. Protestant churches inspired a similar local loyalty. Many of the local factory managers served in leadership positions in nearby churches.<sup id="cite_ref-rhs_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rhs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Central Congregational Church had women's, children's and missionary groups that brought neighbors of different economic classes together. </p><p>Other civic associations brought the people of Jamaica Plain together.<sup id="cite_ref-rhs_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rhs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1897, the Jamaica Plain Carnival Association formed to manage and promote the <a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(United_States)" title="Independence Day (United States)">4th of July</a> parade, contests and fireworks. Two years later, the Jamaica Plain Businessmen's Association formed to promote commercial development. Within three years, prominent community members were invited to join the newly named Jamaica Plain Citizen's Association. The new group worked to encourage road improvement, playgrounds, lectures, schools, and other community amenities. In 1897, the Tuesday Club formed for women (who were not admitted to the other groups), and still exists at the Loring Greenough house. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jamaica-pond-3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Jamaica-pond-3.jpg/220px-Jamaica-pond-3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Jamaica-pond-3.jpg/330px-Jamaica-pond-3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Jamaica-pond-3.jpg/440px-Jamaica-pond-3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="765" data-file-height="543" /></a><figcaption>Jamaica Pond, boathouse in distance</figcaption></figure> <p>In the late 19th century, Boston's Emerald Necklace of parks was designed and built by Frederick Law Olmsted, with much of the southern section of the connecting parkland in or bordering on Jamaica Plain. <a href="/wiki/Olmsted_Park" title="Olmsted Park">Olmsted Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Pond" title="Jamaica Pond">Jamaica Pond</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Arboretum" title="Arnold Arboretum">Arnold Arboretum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Park_(Boston)" title="Franklin Park (Boston)">Franklin Park</a> have been enjoyed by generations of Jamaica Plain residents. The pond had long been the site of estates, which were torn down to make the new park. Fishing and ice skating were popular pastimes, and each winter ice was removed from the pond before the time of electric refrigeration. With the new park, homes and the commercial icehouses were removed. The Arboretum was developed on land originally owned by the Weld family, and donated by <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Bussey" title="Benjamin Bussey">Benjamin Bussey</a>, with financial support from the will of <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Arnold_(1781%E2%80%931868)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Arnold (1781–1868) (page does not exist)">James Arnold</a>. The Arboretum is now owned by the City of Boston, and managed by <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Perhaps the most dramatic building project in Jamaica Plain history was the elevation of the train line above grade in the 1890s.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In order to avoid accidents at street crossings, an embankment was built from Roxbury south through Forest Hills station, with bridges over all intersecting streets. The embankment cut through most of Jamaica Plain from north to south. In time, the housing along the embankment came to be devalued, and property to the east of the train line was cut off from the higher income sections of the community. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Redlining,_decline_and_neighborhood_activism"><span id="Redlining.2C_decline_and_neighborhood_activism"></span>Redlining, decline and neighborhood activism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Redlining, decline and neighborhood activism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Forest_Hills_Station_at_night.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Forest_Hills_Station_at_night.jpg/220px-Forest_Hills_Station_at_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Forest_Hills_Station_at_night.jpg/330px-Forest_Hills_Station_at_night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Forest_Hills_Station_at_night.jpg/440px-Forest_Hills_Station_at_night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>In the late 1980s, the <a href="/wiki/Forest_Hills_(MBTA_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Forest Hills (MBTA station)">Forest Hills Station</a> shown here replaced the <a href="/wiki/Red_brick" class="mw-redirect" title="Red brick">red brick</a> structure built in the 1800s.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Forest_Hills_station_postcard.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Forest_Hills_station_postcard.jpg/220px-Forest_Hills_station_postcard.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Forest_Hills_station_postcard.jpg/330px-Forest_Hills_station_postcard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Forest_Hills_station_postcard.jpg/440px-Forest_Hills_station_postcard.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1075" data-file-height="715" /></a><figcaption>Forest Hills train bridge</figcaption></figure> <p>In the early 1970s, the city of Boston planned to extend <a href="/wiki/I-95_(MA)" class="mw-redirect" title="I-95 (MA)">I-95</a> from <a href="/wiki/Canton,_Massachusetts" title="Canton, Massachusetts">Canton</a> north into downtown Boston. This threatened to bring I-95 straight through the center of Jamaica Plain, essentially dividing the community in half if executed. Many protests along with support from residents of Jamaica Plain, Roxbury and Hyde Park, rallied to stop the construction of the highway, including a now-annual community festival, called "Wake Up The Earth", that mustered residents from surrounding neighborhoods in opposition to the highway. The project had already demolished hundreds of houses and commercial buildings in the highway's path before then-Governor <a href="/wiki/Francis_W._Sargent" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis W. Sargent">Francis W. Sargent</a> ordered to stop the interstate project. In the 1980s, the <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Corridor_(Massachusetts)" title="Southwest Corridor (Massachusetts)">Southwest Corridor</a> in its present form was built, creating a parkway, bike path, and site for future Wake Up The Earth festivals in lieu of the highway, now situated atop the underground <a href="/wiki/Orange_Line_(MBTA)" title="Orange Line (MBTA)">Orange Line</a>. </p><p>By 1970, central Jamaica Plain was considered to be in a state of decline.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The construction of the proposed highway coupled with and possibly contributing to a decision by Boston banks to cut back mortgage lending (redline) there began a cycle of <a href="/wiki/Disinvestment" title="Disinvestment">disinvestment</a> which led to the deterioration of the housing stock, slumlording and abandonment particularly in the central neighborhood along the edges of the corridor.<sup id="cite_ref-Jamaica_Plain_Historical_Society_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jamaica_Plain_Historical_Society-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some cases, homeowners who could not sell due to lack of buyer financing simply walked away from older homes along the corridor's periphery. Urban Edge, founded as a non-profit real estate firm in 1974, found it necessary to recruit volunteer tenants to physically take possession of empty properties to prevent vandalism and arson.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anecdotal evidence suggests that the average life span of an abandoned building was approximately one week. Windows were broken, copper plumbing was stripped out, and buildings were torched. </p><p>After conducting a research project that documented a dramatic decrease in mortgage lending between 1968 and 1972, activists launched the <i>Jamaica Plain Community Investment Plan</i>. The plan called upon local citizens to pledge to move their savings accounts to a local institution that would guarantee to invest that money in mortgages within Jamaica Plain.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plan eventually generated five hundred thousand dollars in pledges. In 1975 a contract was signed with the Jamaica Plain Cooperative Bank to implement the Community Investment plan. </p><p>In 1974, the community rallied and under the aegis of an <a href="/wiki/Alinsky" class="mw-redirect" title="Alinsky">Alinsky</a>-style organizing project<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> funded by The Ecumenical Social Action Committee (ESAC) a coalition of local churches contracted with an experienced Rhode Island–based community organizer, Richard W. "Rick" Wise, who built a series of neighborhood groups and a coalition of leaders into The Jamaica Plain Banking and Mortgage Committee and working with groups from other Boston neighborhoods, leveraged that into the citywide Boston Anti-Redlining Coalition (BARC), The coalition, chaired by long-time neighborhood activist Edwina "Winky" Cloherty, crafted a unique and ultimately successful campaign to force Boston Banks to reveal their lending patterns and a "Greenlining campaign" to both stimulate residential investment in the neighborhood.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as to publicize and stop the redlining.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, Richard Wise published a novel, Redlined, which outlines the essential elements of the anti-redlining campaign. </p><p>In October 1974, the committee was also successful in securing a pledge from Gubernatorial candidate Michael Dukakis to require that state chartered banks disclose their lending patterns annually by ZIP code.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Upon his election, ignoring threats of litigation by the banks, Dukakis kept his word. On May 16, 1975, the new Banking Commissioner Carol S. Greenwald issued the first statewide mortgage disclosure regulation in the U.S.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Subsequent studies based on data obtained by the banking commissioner demonstrated that there was indeed a pattern of disinvestment in the central neighborhoods of Jamaica Plain.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later that year, The Jamaica Plain Banking & Mortgage Committee together with its citywide Boston Anti-Redlining Coalition (BARC) were part of a coalition, under the leadership of the Chicago-based National People's Action, instrumental in the passage of the <i>Federal Home Mortgage Disclosure Act of 1975</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to former commissioner Greenwald: "Massachusetts success in getting the banks to reveal their lending policies was followed by similar actions in New York, California and Illinois."<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the following years, real estate prices stabilized, mortgage money became available and The Southwest Corridor Coalition a task force of local citizens broken down by neighborhoods and aided by state officials, put together a comprehensive master plan to redevelop the corridor.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They decided to remove the <a href="/wiki/Washington_Street_Elevated" title="Washington Street Elevated">elevated rapid transit train line on Washington Street</a> and replace it with a below-grade line alongside the train tracks. With the new transit lines in place following the old train embankment, the Southwest Corridor park was built from Forest Hills north through the old Stony Brook valley. </p><p>Changes to the transit service through Jamaica Plain were followed with a change to the streetcar route as well. The Arborway line, which had been in service since 1903, had long been considered for replacement with bus service by the transportation authority. In 1977, trolley service on the Arborway line from downtown Boston was stopped at Heath Street, with buses continuing to Forest Hills. Service resumed, but were cut again in the 1980s, and has not been resumed since. This decision has been challenged by citizen groups in Jamaica Plain in the courts, and is still in dispute. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Urban_renewal">Urban renewal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Urban renewal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 1980s low rents brought many students to the area, especially those who attended the <a href="/wiki/School_of_the_Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="School of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston">Museum School</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_College_of_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Massachusetts College of Art">Mass Art</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Northeastern_University_(Boston,_Massachusetts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Northeastern University (Boston, Massachusetts)">Northeastern University</a>, who often lived in collective households. The neighborhood also developed a <a href="/wiki/Lesbian" title="Lesbian">lesbian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gay" title="Gay">gay</a> community. The presence of artists in the neighborhood led to the opening of local galleries and bookstores, and arts centers such as the Jamaica Plain Arts Center, which shared space in a vacated City of Boston Firehouse with Brueggers Bagel Company for several years. This site is currently the JP Licks ice cream store. Many first-time homebuyers were able to afford the house and condominium prices in Jamaica Plain during this time. </p><p>In the mid-1980s, an important music scene developed in Jamaica Plain which continues to the present day. Revitalization continued in the 1990s. Nonprofit housing groups bought rundown houses and vacant lots to create low-income rental units.<sup id="cite_ref-UE_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UE-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JPNDC_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JPNDC-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the same years, the former Plant Shoe Factory site was redeveloped as JP Plaza, a strip mall, and later a supermarket. A new facility for the Martha Eliot Health Center completed the site's redevelopment. As part of a citywide effort, Boston Main Streets districts were named (Hyde/Jackson Square, Egleston Square, and Centre/South), bringing city funds and tools of neighborhood revitalization to local business owners. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Demographics">Demographics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pimental_Market_pic.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Pimental_Market_pic.JPG/220px-Pimental_Market_pic.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Pimental_Market_pic.JPG/330px-Pimental_Market_pic.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Pimental_Market_pic.JPG/440px-Pimental_Market_pic.JPG 2x" data-file-width="670" data-file-height="438" /></a><figcaption>Latin-American market near Hyde Square</figcaption></figure> <p>By the turn of the 21st century, the neighborhood had attracted a large community of college-educated professionals, political <a href="/wiki/Activist" class="mw-redirect" title="Activist">activists</a> and <a href="/wiki/Artist" title="Artist">artists</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bg200601_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bg200601-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples of artist and activist organizations active or incorporated in Jamaica Plain include Grassroots International,<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Urbano Project,<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jamaica Plain Neighborhood Development Corporation,<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Postdoctoral_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boston Postdoctoral Association (page does not exist)">Boston Postdoctoral Association</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/City_Life/Vida_Urbana" title="City Life/Vida Urbana">City Life/Vida Urbana</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> JP Progressives,<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Bikes_Not_Bombs" title="Bikes Not Bombs">Bikes Not Bombs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hyde, Jackson, and Egleston Squares have significant Spanish-speaking populations mainly from the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a>, but also from <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>. As of 2010 the ethnic make-up of Jamaica Plain was 53.6% White (alone), 22% Hispanic or Latino (all races), 13.5% Black or African-American (alone), 7.9% Asian (alone), 3% Other.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2016, the neighborhood between Jackson Square and Hyde Square was officially designated the "Latin Quarter" by the city of Boston, after years of informal recognition by residents, Latin activists, and local politicians. The area has a large number of Latin owned businesses and residents, and is the center of local festivals, churches, and activist groups, such as La Piñata,<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <i>¡Viva! el Latin Quarter</i> project of the Hyde Square Task Force,<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and nearby Vida Urbana.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The newspaper <i>El Mundo</i> is based in Hyde Square.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The elimination of <a href="/wiki/Redlining" title="Redlining">redlining</a> and the stabilization of the real estate market in the late 1970s and the redevelopment of the Southwest Corridor set the stage for gentrification that began in the 1990s. A hot real estate market has driven dramatic increases in the value of older homes in the Parkside, Pondside and Sumner Hill neighborhoods and conversion of some larger residential properties and older commercial buildings into <a href="/wiki/Condominium_(living_space)" class="mw-redirect" title="Condominium (living space)">condominia</a>. Numerous formerly vacant structures are being converted to residential use, among them the ABC Brewery, the Gormley Funeral Home, the Eblana Brewery, the Oliver Ditson Company, 319 Centre Street, Jackson Square, JP Cohousing, Blessed Sacrament, Our Lady of the Way, and 80 Bickford Street. </p><p>The oldest community theater group in the US, <a href="/wiki/Footlight_Club" title="Footlight Club">Footlight Club</a>, is based out of <a href="/wiki/Eliot_Hall" title="Eliot Hall">Eliot Hall</a> in this neighborhood, on Eliot Street. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sub-neighborhoods">Sub-neighborhoods</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Sub-neighborhoods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Botanica.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Botanica.jpg/220px-Botanica.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Botanica.jpg/330px-Botanica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Botanica.jpg/440px-Botanica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Jamaica Plain has several <a href="/wiki/Bot%C3%A1nica" title="Botánica">botánicas</a>, such as this one on Centre Street, that cater to the <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Latino</a> community and typically sell <a href="/wiki/Folk_medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Folk medicine">folk medicine</a> alongside statues of <a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">saints</a>, <a href="/wiki/Candle" title="Candle">candles</a> decorated with <a href="/wiki/Prayer" title="Prayer">prayers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dracaena_sanderiana" title="Dracaena sanderiana">lucky bamboo</a>, and other items.</figcaption></figure> <p>Jamaica Plain is made up of a number of distinct historical sub-districts. Some of the names are now archaic, used less by longtime residents than scholars and real estate agents. </p> <ul><li>Brookside: roughly bounded by Boylston Street, Green Street, Washington Street, and the Southwest Corridor Park</li> <li>Egleston Square: intersection of Columbus Avenue and Washington Street at the border between Jamaica Plain and Roxbury. Portions of School Street are part of Jamaica Plain though mail is delivered to 02119; whereas most</li> <li>addresses are in 02130</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Hills,_Boston" title="Forest Hills, Boston">Forest Hills</a>: roughly bounded by <a href="/wiki/The_Arborway" class="mw-redirect" title="The Arborway">the Arborway</a>, Morton Street, Walk Hill Street, South Street and <a href="/wiki/Forest_Hills_Cemetery" title="Forest Hills Cemetery">Forest Hills Cemetery</a></li> <li>Hyde Square: the area around the intersection of Centre Street, Day Street, and Perkins Street, extending east along Centre Street towards Roxbury</li> <li>Jackson Square: intersection of Columbus Avenue and Centre Street. Site of an <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Transportation_Authority" title="Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority">MBTA</a> <a href="/wiki/Orange_Line_(MBTA)" title="Orange Line (MBTA)">Orange Line</a> <a href="/wiki/Jackson_Square_(MBTA_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jackson Square (MBTA station)">station</a></li> <li>Jamaica Hills: northwest of the Arnold Arboretum, including Moss Hill and Green Hill</li> <li>Parkside: roughly bounded by Washington Street, Egleston Square, Morton Street and <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Park,_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Franklin Park, Boston">Franklin Park</a></li> <li>Pondside: roughly bounded by Centre Street, Perkins Street, and <a href="/wiki/The_Jamaicaway" class="mw-redirect" title="The Jamaicaway">the Jamaicaway</a></li> <li>South Street: follows the named street on either side from the Monument (on Centre Street) to Forest Hills</li> <li>Stonybrook: with an active neighborhood association, documented boundaries begin at Rockvale Circle southwest on Washington Street encompassing Burnett Street at McBride Street, cutting southeast across MBTA bus yard to Lotus Street, and northeast up Forest Hills Street back to Rockvale Circle.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Sumner Hill: roughly bounded by Seaverns Avenue, Everett Street, Sedgwick Street, and Newbern Street</li> <li>Sunnyside: roughly bounded by Centre Street, Day Street, Round Hill Street, and Gay Head Street</li> <li>The Monument: Overlapping with Pondside above, the area around the intersection of Centre and South Streets</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Hills,_Boston" title="Forest Hills, Boston">Woodbourne</a>: south of Forest Hills, bounded by <a href="/wiki/Forest_Hills,_Boston#Walk_Hill_Street" title="Forest Hills, Boston">Walk Hill Street</a>, Goodway Street, and <a href="/wiki/Forest_Hills,_Boston#Wachusett_Street" title="Forest Hills, Boston">Wachusett Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Hills,_Boston#White_City" title="Forest Hills, Boston">White City</a>: no longer recognized; its territory included part of Hyde Park Ave and certain blocks of which are now considered part of Woodbourne</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Green_spaces">Green spaces</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Green spaces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Arnold_Arboretum_-_Aug_2005_(c).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Arnold_Arboretum_-_Aug_2005_%28c%29.JPG/170px-Arnold_Arboretum_-_Aug_2005_%28c%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Arnold_Arboretum_-_Aug_2005_%28c%29.JPG/255px-Arnold_Arboretum_-_Aug_2005_%28c%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Arnold_Arboretum_-_Aug_2005_%28c%29.JPG/340px-Arnold_Arboretum_-_Aug_2005_%28c%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Arboretum" title="Arnold Arboretum">Arnold Arboretum</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ward%27s_Pond,_looking_down_from_stairs_-_DPLA_-_eeaedbca981ed61a10e7ea29337cddd5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Ward%27s_Pond%2C_looking_down_from_stairs_-_DPLA_-_eeaedbca981ed61a10e7ea29337cddd5.jpg/220px-Ward%27s_Pond%2C_looking_down_from_stairs_-_DPLA_-_eeaedbca981ed61a10e7ea29337cddd5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Ward%27s_Pond%2C_looking_down_from_stairs_-_DPLA_-_eeaedbca981ed61a10e7ea29337cddd5.jpg/330px-Ward%27s_Pond%2C_looking_down_from_stairs_-_DPLA_-_eeaedbca981ed61a10e7ea29337cddd5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Ward%27s_Pond%2C_looking_down_from_stairs_-_DPLA_-_eeaedbca981ed61a10e7ea29337cddd5.jpg/440px-Ward%27s_Pond%2C_looking_down_from_stairs_-_DPLA_-_eeaedbca981ed61a10e7ea29337cddd5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1018" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Ward's Pond, looking down from stairs, June 4, 1929; from the Leon Abdalian Collection of the Boston Public Library</figcaption></figure> <p>Jamaica Plain, often referred to in the 19th century as "the Eden of America", <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928080303/http://www.jphs.org/sources/2005/4/10/a-guide-to-jamaica-plain.html">[1]</a> is one of the greenest neighborhoods in the city of Boston. The community contains or is bordered by a number of jewels of the <a href="/wiki/Emerald_Necklace" title="Emerald Necklace">Emerald Necklace</a> park system designed in the 19th century by <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Law_Olmsted" title="Frederick Law Olmsted">Frederick Law Olmsted</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olmsted_Park" title="Olmsted Park">Olmsted Park</a>: from Route 9 at the Riverway south to Perkins Street, including Leverett Pond, Willow Pond, and Ward's Pond</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Pond" title="Jamaica Pond">Jamaica Pond</a>: has 60 acres (240,000 m<sup>2</sup>) of surface area and is the largest and deepest body of fresh water in Boston</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Arboretum" title="Arnold Arboretum">Arnold Arboretum</a>: is a 265-acre (1.1 km<sup>2</sup>) world-renowned plant collection maintained by <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>, and contains Peters' Hill, named for Boston Mayor Andrew J. Peters,<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the highest elevation in Jamaica Plain at 235 feet (72 m)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Park,_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Franklin Park, Boston">Franklin Park</a>: is a 527-acre (2.1 km<sup>2</sup>) park (the largest in the city) and holds the <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Park_Zoo" title="Franklin Park Zoo">Franklin Park Zoo</a> (the largest <a href="/wiki/Zoo" title="Zoo">zoo</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a>), White Stadium and the <a href="/wiki/William_J._Devine_Memorial_Golf_Course" title="William J. Devine Memorial Golf Course">William J. Devine Memorial Golf Course</a></li></ul> <p>These parks are connected by parkways, each of which is also part of the <a href="/wiki/Emerald_Necklace" title="Emerald Necklace">Emerald Necklace</a>. From south to north these are the <a href="/wiki/Arborway" title="Arborway">Arborway</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Jamaicaway" title="Jamaicaway">Jamaicaway</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Riverway" title="Riverway">Riverway</a>. </p><p>The area also includes <a href="/wiki/Forest_Hills_Cemetery" title="Forest Hills Cemetery">Forest Hills Cemetery</a>, a 275-acre (1.1 km<sup>2</sup>) “<a href="/wiki/Rural_cemetery" title="Rural cemetery">garden cemetery</a>”, and hundreds more acres of cemetery that stretch along Walk Hill Street offer more green space to the area. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1962–present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72<br />(22) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74<br />(23) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">89<br />(32) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">95<br />(35) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">99<br />(37) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">100<br />(38) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">103<br />(39) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">100<br />(38) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">101<br />(38) </td> <td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">92<br />(33) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79<br />(26) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78<br />(26) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">103<br />(39) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.2<br />(14.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB368; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.8<br />(15.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9225; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.6<br />(20.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">81.3<br />(27.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">89.9<br />(32.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF3500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">92.7<br />(33.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF2700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">96.3<br />(35.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">93.9<br />(34.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">89.8<br />(32.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.9<br />(26.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70.7<br />(21.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.9<br />(16.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF2300; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">97.5<br />(36.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.0<br />(2.8) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39.6<br />(4.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46.6<br />(8.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFB76F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.8<br />(14.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8E1E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.4<br />(20.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.8<br />(26.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.7<br />(29.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83.1<br />(28.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75.5<br />(24.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFA44A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.7<br />(17.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFCF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.6<br />(11.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF6ED; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42.4<br />(5.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">61.0<br />(16.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #DBDBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.2<br />(−2.1) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.3<br />(−0.9) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.5<br />(3.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFDEBE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.5<br />(9.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB76F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.8<br />(14.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9226; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.4<br />(20.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.4<br />(23.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8104; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72.8<br />(22.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65.2<br />(18.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC9A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53.3<br />(11.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF2E6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.4<br />(6.3) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.0<br />(1.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4A9; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">51.2<br />(10.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.4<br />(−7.0) </td> <td style="background: #C5C5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.0<br />(−6.1) </td> <td style="background: #DBDBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.4<br />(−2.0) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38.1<br />(3.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.2<br />(9.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA76; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.9<br />(14.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFA347; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64.0<br />(17.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA954; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.5<br />(16.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFC68D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.9<br />(12.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.0<br />(6.1) </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.2<br />(1.2) </td> <td style="background: #D3D3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.7<br />(−3.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFFAF5; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">41.4<br />(5.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #8D8DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.2<br />(−16.6) </td> <td style="background: #9090FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.3<br />(−15.9) </td> <td style="background: #ACACFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.5<br />(−10.8) </td> <td style="background: #D4D4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.1<br />(−3.3) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.7<br />(2.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.3<br />(7.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFCA96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53.8<br />(12.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD1A4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.0<br />(11.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCFA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40.7<br />(4.8) </td> <td style="background: #DFDFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.5<br />(−1.4) </td> <td style="background: #C3C3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.1<br />(−6.6) </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.1<br />(−11.6) </td> <td style="background: #8585FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−0.6<br />(−18.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−10<br />(−23) </td> <td style="background: #6565FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−11<br />(−24) </td> <td style="background: #8585FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(−18) </td> <td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16<br />(−9) </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24<br />(−4) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38<br />(3) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44<br />(7) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37<br />(3) </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20<br />(−7) </td> <td style="background: #9B9BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6<br />(−14) </td> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−10<br />(−23) </td> <td style="background: #6565FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−11<br />(−24) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> inches (mm) </th> <td style="background: #6CFF6C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.87<br />(98) </td> <td style="background: #6AFF6A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.59<br />(91) </td> <td style="background: #55FF55; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.49<br />(114) </td> <td style="background: #55FF55; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.32<br />(110) </td> <td style="background: #75FF75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.64<br />(92) </td> <td style="background: #5BFF5B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.18<br />(106) </td> <td style="background: #7AFF7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.49<br />(89) </td> <td style="background: #72FF72; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.72<br />(94) </td> <td style="background: #63FF63; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.96<br />(101) </td> <td style="background: #40FF40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.03<br />(128) </td> <td style="background: #63FF63; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.99<br />(101) </td> <td style="background: #3EFF3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.08<br />(129) </td> <td style="background: #60FF60; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">49.36<br />(1,253) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: NOAA<sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: National Weather Service<sup id="cite_ref-NOWData_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOWData-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_and_secondary_schools">Primary and secondary schools</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Primary and secondary schools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Students in Jamaica Plain are served by <a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Schools" title="Boston Public Schools">Boston Public Schools</a> (BPS). BPS assigns students based on preferences of the applicants and priorities of students in various zones.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/The_English_High_School" title="The English High School">The English High School</a> located in Jamaica Plain is one of the first public high schools in <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">America</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Boston" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston">Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston</a> operates Roman Catholic schools. In spring 2009 the archdiocese announced that Our Lady of Lourdes School, a K–8 school and the last Catholic school in Jamaica Plain, will close unless parents raise $500,000 for one additional year of instruction. In spring 2009 the school had 187 students, which was 30 fewer students than its 2005 count.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Private schools in the area include the <a href="/wiki/British_School_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="British School of Boston">British School of Boston</a> and <a href="/wiki/Showa_Boston_Institute_for_Language_and_Culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Showa Boston Institute for Language and Culture">Showa Boston Institute for Language and Culture</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jamaica Plain is served by the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Transportation_Authority" title="Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority">Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority</a> (MBTA)'s bus and rail services. </p><p>Major roads are Centre Street, the <a href="/wiki/Jamaicaway" title="Jamaicaway">Jamaicaway</a> (formerly <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_1_in_Massachusetts" title="U.S. Route 1 in Massachusetts">US 1</a>), the <a href="/wiki/Arborway" title="Arborway">Arborway</a> (<a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_203" title="Massachusetts Route 203">MA 203</a>), <a href="/wiki/Washington_Street_(Boston)" title="Washington Street (Boston)">Washington Street</a>, South Street, and South <a href="/wiki/Huntington_Avenue_(Boston)" class="mw-redirect" title="Huntington Avenue (Boston)">Huntington Avenue</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_transportation">Public transportation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Public transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Orange_Line_Train_in_the_Southwest_Corridor,_JP,_MA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Orange_Line_Train_in_the_Southwest_Corridor%2C_JP%2C_MA.jpg/220px-Orange_Line_Train_in_the_Southwest_Corridor%2C_JP%2C_MA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Orange_Line_Train_in_the_Southwest_Corridor%2C_JP%2C_MA.jpg/330px-Orange_Line_Train_in_the_Southwest_Corridor%2C_JP%2C_MA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Orange_Line_Train_in_the_Southwest_Corridor%2C_JP%2C_MA.jpg/440px-Orange_Line_Train_in_the_Southwest_Corridor%2C_JP%2C_MA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Orange_Line_(MBTA)" title="Orange Line (MBTA)">Orange Line</a> train in the <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Corridor_(Boston)" class="mw-redirect" title="Southwest Corridor (Boston)">Southwest Corridor</a> in Jamaica Plain</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Green_Line_(MBTA)" title="Green Line (MBTA)">Green Line</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Green_Line_E_branch" title="Green Line E branch">E branch</a> streetcar service terminates at <a href="/wiki/Heath_Street_station" title="Heath Street station">Heath Street</a> and South <a href="/wiki/Huntington_Avenue" title="Huntington Avenue">Huntington Avenue</a>. Bus service continues along South Huntington Avenue, Centre Street, and South Street to its terminus at the <a href="/wiki/Forest_Hills_(MBTA_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Forest Hills (MBTA station)">Forest Hills Station</a>. The E branch originally continued through Jamaica Plain to its terminus at <a href="/wiki/Arborway_station" title="Arborway station">Arborway station</a>, adjacent to Forest Hills Station. The <a href="/wiki/Orange_Line_(MBTA)" title="Orange Line (MBTA)">Orange Line</a> rapid transit train line runs below street level through the middle of Jamaica Plain, with stops at <a href="/wiki/Jackson_Square_(MBTA_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jackson Square (MBTA station)">Jackson Square</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stony_Brook_(MBTA_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stony Brook (MBTA station)">Stony Brook</a>, <a href="/wiki/Green_Street_(MBTA_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Street (MBTA station)">Green Street</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Forest_Hills_(MBTA_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Forest Hills (MBTA station)">Forest Hills</a>. Buses connect Jamaica Plain with Roslindale, West Roxbury, Hyde Park, and suburban <a href="/wiki/Dedham,_Massachusetts" title="Dedham, Massachusetts">Dedham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Westwood,_Massachusetts" title="Westwood, Massachusetts">Westwood</a> and <a href="/wiki/Walpole,_Massachusetts" title="Walpole, Massachusetts">Walpole</a> to the south, and the rest of Boston by street routes. The 39 bus is the primary Jamaica Plain bus route, and is one of Boston's most-used bus lines.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Forest Hills Station is a major transportation hub and is within walking distance of the <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Arboretum" title="Arnold Arboretum">Arnold Arboretum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Forest_Hills_Cemetery" title="Forest Hills Cemetery">Forest Hills Cemetery</a>. </p><p>The E branch was "temporarily" suspended from Heath Street to Forest Hills in the mid-1980s, but proposals to restore the service have caused considerable tension in the area. Some residents and commuters want the restoration of the branch, which is seen as a reconnection with the rest of the city. However, others state that the #39 bus along the old route, and the <a href="/wiki/Orange_Line_(MBTA)" title="Orange Line (MBTA)">Orange Line</a> just a few blocks away, duplicate the extension. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commuter_rail">Commuter rail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Commuter rail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Needham_Line" title="Needham Line">Needham Line</a> of the Commuter Rail stops at Forest Hills Station, and many other lines are easily accessible by riding the Orange Line subway train to Ruggles and Back Bay. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cars_and_parking">Cars and parking</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Cars and parking"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Municipal parking lots are located off Centre Street at Burroughs Street in Jamaica Plain Center, across from the Mary Curley School on Centre Street at Spring Park Ave., and across from Blessed Sacrament Church in Hyde Square. There are few parking meters in Jamaica Plain; on-street parking is free. Many streets near the MBTA Orange Line stations are posted "resident permit only" during working hours (8 AM to 6 PM). This is intended to discourage commuters from using residential streets as parking lots during the day. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bicycle_paths">Bicycle paths</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Bicycle paths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Two major bicycle paths serve Jamaica Plain. Along the <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Corridor_Park" title="Southwest Corridor Park">Southwest Corridor Park</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Lallement" title="Pierre Lallement">Pierre Lallement</a> Bicycle Path, which runs from Forest Hills to Back Bay. To the west are bicycle paths, which run through the parks of the <a href="/wiki/Emerald_Necklace" title="Emerald Necklace">Emerald Necklace</a>, along the Jamaicaway and Riverway. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Curley_house.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Curley_house.jpg/220px-Curley_house.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Curley_house.jpg/330px-Curley_house.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Curley_house.jpg/440px-Curley_house.jpg 2x" data-file-width="778" data-file-height="583" /></a><figcaption>Home of former Boston mayor <a href="/wiki/James_Michael_Curley" title="James Michael Curley">James Michael Curley</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Jamaicaway" title="Jamaicaway">Jamaicaway</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bacon" title="Robert Bacon">Robert Bacon</a> (1860–1919), United States Secretary of State</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Greene_Balch" title="Emily Greene Balch">Emily Greene Balch</a> (1867–1961), Nobel Peace Prize winner, founder of <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_International_League_for_Peace_and_Freedom" title="Women's International League for Peace and Freedom">Women's International League for Peace and Freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Hitz_Burton" class="mw-redirect" title="Harold Hitz Burton">Harold Hitz Burton</a> (1888–1964), <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Cleveland" title="Mayor of Cleveland">Mayor of Cleveland</a>, U.S. Senator of <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> and Supreme Court Justice</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Collins" title="John F. Collins">John F. Collins</a> (1919–1995), Mayor of Boston</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Michael_Curley" title="James Michael Curley">James Michael Curley</a> (1874–1958), Mayor of Boston, <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Massachusetts" title="Governor of Massachusetts">Governor of Massachusetts</a>, and <a href="/wiki/U.S._Representative" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Representative">U.S. Representative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Dole" title="James Dole">James Dole</a> (1877–1958), American industrialist of the Hawaiian pineapple industry, founder of present-day <a href="/wiki/Dole_Food_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Dole Food Company">Dole Food Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Dorr" title="George Dorr">George Dorr</a> (1853–1944), preservationist and co-founder of today's <a href="/wiki/Acadia_National_Park" title="Acadia National Park">Acadia National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby_Foo" title="Ruby Foo">Ruby Foo</a> (1904–1950), restaurateur</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Heath" title="William Heath">William Heath</a> (1737–1814), farmer, political leader, Continental Army Major General</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Loring" title="Joshua Loring">Joshua Loring</a> (1716–1781), British Naval officer, Loyalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joey_McIntyre" title="Joey McIntyre">Joey McIntyre</a> (1972– ) Entertainer, Member of Pop Act New Kids On The Block</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Nichols" title="Malcolm Nichols">Malcolm Nichols</a> (1876–1951), last Republican Mayor of Boston to date</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Parkman" title="Francis Parkman">Francis Parkman</a> (1823–1892), historian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_James_Peters" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrew James Peters">Andrew James Peters</a> (1872–1938), State Representative, Mayor of Boston during the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Police_Strike" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Police Strike">Boston Police Strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Plath" title="Sylvia Plath">Sylvia Plath</a> (1932–1963), poet, novelist, and short-story writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Provost" title="Gary Provost">Gary Provost</a> (1944–1995), writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Rogan" title="Joe Rogan">Joe Rogan</a> (1967– ), comedian, podcaster<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Strong_(actor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeremy Strong (actor)">Jeremy Strong</a> (1978–), actor, lived in Jamaica Plain in childhood.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Joseph_Tobin" class="mw-redirect" title="Maurice Joseph Tobin">Maurice Joseph Tobin</a> (1901–1953), Mayor of Boston, Governor of Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Labor" title="United States Secretary of Labor">United States Secretary of Labor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Wharton" title="William F. Wharton">William F. Wharton</a> (1847–1919), U.S. Assistant Secretary of State</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Selkoe" title="Greg Selkoe">Greg Selkoe</a> (1975), Entrepreneur</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Francis_Sullivan" title="Richard Francis Sullivan">Richard Francis Sullivan</a> (1937), Hall of Fame Wrestler</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Notes</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-rhs-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rhs_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rhs_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rhs_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rhs_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rhs_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rhs_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rhs_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rhs_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rhs_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rhs_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Local Attachments : The Making of an American Urban Neighborhood, 1850 to 1920 (Creating the North American Landscape), by <a href="/wiki/Alexander_von_Hoffman" title="Alexander von Hoffman">Alexander von Hoffman</a>, The Johns Hopkins University Press (1996), <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8018-5393-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-8018-5393-1">0-8018-5393-1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.boston.gov/dataset/2020-census-for-boston">"2020 Census for Boston - Datasets - Analyze Boston"</a>. <i>Analyze Boston</i>. City of Boston<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 24,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Analyze+Boston&rft.atitle=2020+Census+for+Boston+-+Datasets+-+Analyze+Boston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.boston.gov%2Fdataset%2F2020-census-for-boston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJamaica+Plain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jphs.org/people/2005/4/14/weld-family.html">Jamaica Plain Historical Society - 'People' Editor - - Weld Family</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120101130351/http://www.jphs.org/sources/2005/4/10/how-jamaica-plain-got-its-name.html">"Jamaica Plain Historical Society - 'Resources' Editor - - How Jamaica Plain Got Its Name"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jphs.org/sources/2005/4/10/how-jamaica-plain-got-its-name.html">the original</a> on January 1, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jamaica+Plain+Historical+Society+-+%27Resources%27+Editor+-+-+How+Jamaica+Plain+Got+Its+Name&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jphs.org%2Fsources%2F2005%2F4%2F10%2Fhow-jamaica-plain-got-its-name.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJamaica+Plain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">[O'Brien, Jean M. Disposession by Degrees, Indian Land and Identity in Natick, Massachusetts, 1650-1790 (1997, University of Nebraska press), p. 43]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jphs.org/colonial-era/native-americans-in-jamaica-plain.html">"Native Americans in Jamaica Plain"</a>. <i>Jamaica Plain Historical Society</i>. April 10, 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jamaica+Plain+Historical+Society&rft.atitle=Native+Americans+in+Jamaica+Plain&rft.date=2005-04-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jphs.org%2Fcolonial-era%2Fnative-americans-in-jamaica-plain.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJamaica+Plain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cf. <a href="/wiki/File:1832_Map_of_the_town_of_Roxbury,_Massachusetts,_by_John_Groves_Hales,_from_the_Digital_Commonwealth_-_commonwealth_9s161f25j.jpg" title="File:1832 Map of the town of Roxbury, Massachusetts, by John Groves Hales, from the Digital Commonwealth - commonwealth 9s161f25j.jpg">1832 Map of Roxbury (including Jamaica Plains)"</a> - not then spelled as "Jamaica Plain", singular. For full map, see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jphs.org/storage/maps/JPHS_RoxburyMap_JGHales.jpg">1832 Map of Roxbury</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120212194924/http://www.jphs.org/storage/maps/JPHS_RoxburyMap_JGHales.jpg">Archived</a> February 12, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170122214932/http://www.jphs.org/colonial/eliot-school-in-session-here-since-1676.html">"Jamaica Plain Historical Society - 'Colonial Era' Editor - - Eliot School in Session Here Since 1676"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jphs.org/colonial/eliot-school-in-session-here-since-1676.html">the original</a> on January 22, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jamaica+Plain+Historical+Society+-+%27Colonial+Era%27+Editor+-+-+Eliot+School+in+Session+Here+Since+1676&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jphs.org%2Fcolonial%2Feliot-school-in-session-here-since-1676.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJamaica+Plain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jphs.org/people/2005/4/14/commodore-joshua-loring-jamaica-plain-by-way-of-london.html">Jamaica Plain Historical Society - 'People' Editor - - Commodore Joshua Loring, Jamaica Plain by Way of London</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jphs.org/locales/2005/4/14/pinebank-a-former-homestead-in-jamaica-plain.html">"Pinebank, a Former Homestead in Jamaica Plain"</a>. <i>Jamaica Plain Historical Society</i>. February 15, 2004.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jamaica+Plain+Historical+Society&rft.atitle=Pinebank%2C+a+Former+Homestead+in+Jamaica+Plain&rft.date=2004-02-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jphs.org%2Flocales%2F2005%2F4%2F14%2Fpinebank-a-former-homestead-in-jamaica-plain.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJamaica+Plain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060818093921/http://www.jphs.org/20thcentury/sturtevant-factory-building-destroyed-by-fire.html">"Jamaica Plain Historical Society - '20th Century' Editor - Sturtevant Factory Building Destroyed by Fire"</a>. August 18, 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jphs.org/20thcentury/sturtevant-factory-building-destroyed-by-fire.html">the original</a> on August 18, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jamaica+Plain+Historical+Society+-+%2720th+Century%27+Editor+-+Sturtevant+Factory+Building+Destroyed+by+Fire&rft.date=2006-08-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jphs.org%2F20thcentury%2Fsturtevant-factory-building-destroyed-by-fire.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJamaica+Plain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jphs.org/locales/2004/1/5/the-saga-of-stony-brook.html">"The Saga of Stony Brook"</a>. <i>Jamaica Plain Historical Society</i>. January 5, 2004.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jamaica+Plain+Historical+Society&rft.atitle=The+Saga+of+Stony+Brook&rft.date=2004-01-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jphs.org%2Flocales%2F2004%2F1%2F5%2Fthe-saga-of-stony-brook.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJamaica+Plain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jphs.org/locales/2005/4/14/history-of-beer-making-in-jamaica-plain.html">"History of Beer Making in Jamaica Plain"</a>. <i>Jamaica Plain Historical Society</i>. 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grassroots+International+location+in+JP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgrassrootsonline.org%2Fwho-we-are%2Fcontact-us%2Fdirections%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJamaica+Plain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://urbanoproject.org/we-are">"Urbano Project location in JP"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Urbano+Project+location+in+JP&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Furbanoproject.org%2Fwe-are&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJamaica+Plain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.+Climate+Normals+Quick+Access+%E2%80%93+Station%3A+Jamaica+Plain%2C+MA&rft.pub=National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncei.noaa.gov%2Faccess%2Fservices%2Fdata%2Fv1%3Fdataset%3Dnormals-monthly-1991-2020%26stations%3DUSC00193890%26format%3Dpdf%26dataTypes%3DMLY-TMAX-NORMAL%2CMLY-TMIN-NORMAL%2CMLY-TAVG-NORMAL%2CMLY-PRCP-NORMAL%2CMLY-SNOW-NORMAL&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJamaica+Plain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NOWData-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NOWData_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather.gov/wrh/Climate?wfo=box">"NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS Boston"</a>. National Weather Service<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NOAA+Online+Weather+Data+%E2%80%93+NWS+Boston&rft.pub=National+Weather+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.gov%2Fwrh%2FClimate%3Fwfo%3Dbox&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJamaica+Plain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bostonpublicschools.org/node/288/">Student Assignment Policy</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100613005143/http://bostonpublicschools.org/node/288/">Archived</a> June 13, 2010, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." <i><a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Schools" title="Boston Public Schools">Boston Public Schools</a></i>. Retrieved on April 15, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRuch2009" class="citation web cs1">Ruch, John (January 26, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jamaicaplaingazette.com/2009/01/26/jps_last_catholic_school_could_close/">"JP's last Catholic school could close | Jamaica Plain Gazette"</a>. <i>jamaicaplaingazette.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 9,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=jamaicaplaingazette.com&rft.atitle=JP%27s+last+Catholic+school+could+close+%7C+Jamaica+Plain+Gazette&rft.date=2009-01-26&rft.aulast=Ruch&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjamaicaplaingazette.com%2F2009%2F01%2F26%2Fjps_last_catholic_school_could_close%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJamaica+Plain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIrons2009" class="citation news cs1">Irons, Meghan E. (November 7, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2009/11/07/bus_riders_have_a_love_hate_relationship_with_number_39/">"Boston.com: 'Redesign comes to popular route'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Boston.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Boston.com&rft.atitle=Boston.com%3A+%27Redesign+comes+to+popular+route%27&rft.date=2009-11-07&rft.aulast=Irons&rft.aufirst=Meghan+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.boston.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fmassachusetts%2Farticles%2F2009%2F11%2F07%2Fbus_riders_have_a_love_hate_relationship_with_number_39%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJamaica+Plain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comedybuff.com/blog/transcript-of-joe-rogan-experience-1929-louis-ck">"Transcript of Joe Rogan Experience #1929 - Louis CK"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 15,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Transcript+of+Joe+Rogan+Experience+%231929+-+Louis+CK&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcomedybuff.com%2Fblog%2Ftranscript-of-joe-rogan-experience-1929-louis-ck&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJamaica+Plain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchulman2021" class="citation magazine cs1">Schulman, Michael (December 13, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2021/12/13/on-succession-jeremy-strong-doesnt-get-the-joke">"On 'Succession," Jeremy Strong Doesn't Get the Joke"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 8,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=On+%27Succession%2C%22+Jeremy+Strong+Doesn%27t+Get+the+Joke&rft.date=2021-12-13&rft.aulast=Schulman&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Fmagazine%2F2021%2F12%2F13%2Fon-succession-jeremy-strong-doesnt-get-the-joke&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJamaica+Plain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <p><b>Further reading</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em"> <ul><li><i>Streetcar Suburbs: The Process of Growth in Boston</i>, by Sam B. Warner Jr. (1962), Harvard University Press and M.I.T. Press</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hTfj_p_enroC"><i>Jamaica Plain</i></a> by Anthony M. Sammarco (1997.) Soft cover, 128 pages. Arcadia. Images of America series.</li> <li><i>A Home in the Heart of a City: A Woman's Search for Community</i> (Hardcover), by Kathleen Hirsch, North Point Pr (1998), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-374-28079-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-374-28079-7">0-374-28079-7</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Sometimes they sang with us: stories from Boston's most enduring neighborhoods; Hyde Park, Jamaica Plain, and Mission Hill</i>. Boston: City of Boston and Grub Street, Inc. 2010. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL24643210M">24643210M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sometimes+they+sang+with+us%3A+stories+from+Boston%27s+most+enduring+neighborhoods%3B+Hyde+Park%2C+Jamaica+Plain%2C+and+Mission+Hill.&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=City+of+Boston+and+Grub+Street%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL24643210M%23id-name%3DOL&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJamaica+Plain" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>Jamaica Plain: Then & Now</i> by Anthony M. Sammarco, soft cover, 96 pages. Arcadia.</li> <li><i>Redlined, A Novel of Boston by Richard W. Wise, Audible Books/Brunswick House Press (2020), ASIN B0887NK36H </i></li> <li><i>Edwina</i> by Jill Hofstra, soft cover, 252 pages. Jill Hofstra's new book <i>Edwina</i> chronicles the life of a girl who lived in Jamaica Plain in the early 20th century.</li> <li><i>Local Attachments: The Making of an American Urban Neighborhood, 1850 to 1920</i>. (Creating the North American Landscape) Paperback – April 22, 1996, by Professor Alexander Von Hoffman</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamaica_Plain&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Jamaica_Plain,_Boston" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Jamaica Plain, Boston">Jamaica Plain, Boston</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Boston/Jamaica_Plain#Q985993" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Boston/Jamaica Plain">Jamaica Plain, Boston</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cityofboston.gov/neighborhoods/jamaicaplain.asp">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q985993#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://openarchives.umb.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/p15774coll8/id/364/rec/91">Jamaica Plain Historical Society records, 1855–2015</a>, University Archives and Special Collections, Joseph P. Healey Library, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" title="University of Massachusetts Boston">University of Massachusetts Boston</a></li></ul> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Jamaica_Plain&params=42_18_27_N_71_06_47_W_type:city_region:US-MA"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°18′27″N</span> <span class="longitude">71°06′47″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.30750°N 71.11306°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.30750; -71.11306</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Gay_villages_in_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:American_gay_villages" title="Template:American gay villages"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:American_gay_villages" title="Template talk:American gay villages"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:American_gay_villages" title="Special:EditPage/Template:American gay villages"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Gay_villages_in_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Gay_village" title="Gay village">Gay villages in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Cheshire_Bridge_Road" title="Cheshire Bridge Road">Cheshire Bridge Road</a>, <a href="/wiki/Midtown_Atlanta" title="Midtown Atlanta">Midtown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piedmont_Avenue_(Atlanta)" title="Piedmont Avenue (Atlanta)">Piedmont Avenue</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_culture_in_Austin,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT culture in Austin, Texas">Austin</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Mount_Vernon,_Baltimore" title="Mount Vernon, Baltimore">Mount Vernon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Station_North_Arts_and_Entertainment_District" title="Station North Arts and Entertainment District">Station North</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a></b> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jamaica Plain</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_End,_Boston" title="South End, Boston">South End</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allentown,_Buffalo" title="Allentown, Buffalo">Buffalo</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Lake_View,_Chicago#Boystown" title="Lake View, Chicago">Boystown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edgewater,_Chicago" title="Edgewater, Chicago">Edgewater</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northside,_Cincinnati" title="Northside, Cincinnati">Cincinnati</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/The_Short_North" title="The Short North">The Short North</a>, <a href="/wiki/Victorian_Village" title="Victorian Village">Victorian Village</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Lawn,_Dallas" title="Oak Lawn, Dallas">Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_culture_in_Metro_Detroit" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT culture in Metro Detroit">Detroit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitol_Hill_(Denver)" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitol Hill (Denver)">Denver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_culture_in_Eugene,_Oregon" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT culture in Eugene, Oregon">Eugene</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Fire_Island" title="Fire Island">Fire Island</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Fire_Island_Pines,_New_York" title="Fire Island Pines, New York">Fire Island Pines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cherry_Grove,_New_York" title="Cherry Grove, New York">Cherry Grove</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Lauderdale,_Florida" title="Fort Lauderdale, Florida">Fort Lauderdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerneville,_California" title="Guerneville, California">Guerneville, California</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_Montrose,_Houston" title="Hyde Park, Montrose, Houston">Hyde Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montrose,_Houston" title="Montrose, Houston">Montrose</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Valley" title="Hudson Valley">Hudson Valley</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Lark_Street" title="Lark Street">Albany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hudson,_New_York" title="Hudson, New York">Hudson</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Herron%E2%80%93Morton_Place_Historic_District" title="Herron–Morton Place Historic District">Herron–Morton Place</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mass_Ave_Cultural_Arts_District" title="Mass Ave Cultural Arts District">Mass Ave</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Joseph_Neighborhood_Historic_District" title="St. Joseph Neighborhood Historic District">St. Joseph</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Jacksonville,_Florida" title="Jacksonville, Florida">Jacksonville</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Riverside_and_Avondale" title="Riverside and Avondale">Riverside and Avondale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Springfield_(Jacksonville)" title="Springfield (Jacksonville)">Springfield</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Jersey_Shore" title="Jersey Shore">Jersey Shore</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Asbury_Park,_New_Jersey" title="Asbury Park, New Jersey">Asbury Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ocean_Grove,_New_Jersey" title="Ocean Grove, New Jersey">Ocean Grove</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Broadway_Corridor,_Long_Beach,_California" title="Broadway Corridor, Long Beach, California">Broadway Corridor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sunset_Junction,_Los_Angeles" title="Sunset Junction, Los Angeles">Sunset Junction</a>, <a href="/wiki/Silver_Lake,_Los_Angeles" title="Silver Lake, Los Angeles">Silver Lake</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Hollywood,_California" title="West Hollywood, California">West Hollywood</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/South_Beach" title="South Beach">South Beach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wilton_Manors,_Florida" title="Wilton Manors, Florida">Wilton Manors</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hope,_Pennsylvania" title="New Hope, Pennsylvania">New Hope, Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Chelsea,_Manhattan" title="Chelsea, Manhattan">Chelsea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Street" title="Christopher Street">Christopher Street</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Village" title="Greenwich Village">Greenwich Village</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogunquit,_Maine" title="Ogunquit, Maine">Ogunquit, Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NW_39th_Street_Enclave" title="NW 39th Street Enclave">Oklahoma City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm_Springs,_California" title="Palm Springs, California">Palm Springs</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Washington_Square_West,_Philadelphia#The_Gayborhood" title="Washington Square West, Philadelphia">Gayborhood</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Passyunk_Crossing,_Philadelphia" title="East Passyunk Crossing, Philadelphia">East Passyunk Crossing</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Alhambra,_Phoenix" title="Alhambra, Phoenix">Alhambra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Encanto,_Phoenix" class="mw-redirect" title="Encanto, Phoenix">Encanto</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pine_City,_Minnesota" title="Pine City, Minnesota">Pine City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnside_Triangle" title="Burnside Triangle">Portland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincetown,_Massachusetts" title="Provincetown, Massachusetts">Provincetown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehoboth_Beach,_Delaware" title="Rehoboth Beach, Delaware">Rehoboth Beach, Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavender_Heights,_Sacramento,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Lavender Heights, Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central,_St._Petersburg,_Florida" title="Grand Central, St. Petersburg, Florida">Saint Petersburg, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillcrest,_San_Diego" title="Hillcrest, San Diego">San Diego</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/LGBT_culture_in_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT culture in San Francisco">San Francisco</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Castro_District,_San_Francisco" title="Castro District, San Francisco">Castro</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_of_Market,_San_Francisco" title="South of Market, San Francisco">SoMa</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Qmunity_District" title="Qmunity District">Qmunity District</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Alameda,_San_Jose" title="The Alameda, San Jose">The Alameda</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saugatuck,_Michigan" title="Saugatuck, Michigan">Saugatuck, Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitol_Hill_(Seattle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitol Hill (Seattle)">Seattle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotton_Street,_Shreveport,_Louisiana" title="Cotton Street, Shreveport, Louisiana">Shreveport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stonewall_Nation" title="Stonewall Nation">Stonewall Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawley%E2%80%93Green_Historic_District" title="Hawley–Green Historic District">Syracuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mill_Hill,_Trenton,_New_Jersey" title="Mill Hill, Trenton, New Jersey">Trenton</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Western_Massachusetts" title="Western Massachusetts">Western Massachusetts</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Northampton,_Massachusetts" title="Northampton, Massachusetts">Northampton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metro_Center,_Springfield,_Massachusetts" title="Metro Center, Springfield, Massachusetts">Springfield</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Dupont_Circle" title="Dupont Circle">Dupont Circle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Logan_Circle,_Washington,_D.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Logan Circle, Washington, D.C.">Logan Circle</a>, <a href="/wiki/U_Street_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="U Street (Washington, D.C.)">U Street</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Boston" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Boston,_Massachusetts" title="Template:Boston, Massachusetts"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #367BCA">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Boston,_Massachusetts" title="Template talk:Boston, Massachusetts"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #367BCA">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Boston,_Massachusetts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Boston, Massachusetts"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #367BCA">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Boston" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: #367BCA; text-decoration: inherit;">Boston</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_accent" title="Boston accent">Accent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_annual_events_in_Boston" title="List of annual events in Boston">Annual events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Boston" title="Architecture of Boston">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_arts_organizations_in_Boston" title="List of arts organizations in Boston">Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Boston" title="Bibliography of Boston">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_in_Boston" title="Culture in Boston">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Boston">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Boston" title="List of diplomatic missions in Boston">Diplomatic missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Boston">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Education in Boston">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_metropolitan_Boston" title="List of colleges and universities in metropolitan Boston">Colleges and universities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of Boston">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Boston" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Boston">Historic places</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_northern_Boston" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Boston">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_southern_Boston" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in southern Boston">Southern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Boston" title="History of Boston">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Boston" title="Timeline of Boston">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Boston" title="Media in Boston">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_nicknames" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston nicknames">Nicknames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Boston" title="List of people from Boston">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Boston">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Boston" title="Port of Boston">Port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Library" title="Boston Public Library">Public library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Schools" title="Boston Public Schools">Public schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sister_cities_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sister cities of Boston">Sister cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Boston" title="List of tallest buildings in Boston">Skyscrapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_songs_about_Boston" title="List of songs about Boston">Songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Boston" title="Transportation in Boston">Transportation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sites_of_interest_in_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sites of interest in Boston">Attractions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Common" title="Boston Common">Boston Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Convention_and_Exhibition_Center" title="Boston Convention and Exhibition Center">Boston Convention and Exhibition Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Irish_Famine_Memorial" title="Boston Irish Famine Memorial">Irish Famine Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Tea_Party#Boston_Tea_Party_Ships_and_Museum" title="Boston Tea Party">Boston Tea Party Ships and Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunker_Hill_Monument" title="Bunker Hill Monument">Bunker Hill Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Heights_Monument" title="Dorchester Heights Monument">Dorchester Heights Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faneuil_Hall" title="Faneuil Hall">Faneuil Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenway_Park" title="Fenway Park">Fenway Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Park_Zoo" title="Franklin Park Zoo">Franklin Park Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Trail" title="Freedom Trail">Freedom Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hynes_Convention_Center" title="Hynes Convention Center">Hynes Convention Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Contemporary_Art,_Boston" title="Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston">Institute of Contemporary Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_Stewart_Gardner_Museum" title="Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum">Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Presidential_Library_and_Museum" title="John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum">John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_State_House" title="Massachusetts State House">Massachusetts State House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston" title="Museum of Fine Arts, Boston">Museum of Fine Arts</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Appeal_to_the_Great_Spirit" title="Appeal to the Great Spirit">Appeal to the Great Spirit</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Science_(Boston)" title="Museum of Science (Boston)">Museum of Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Aquarium" title="New England Aquarium">New England Aquarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_North_Church" title="Old North Church">Old North Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Revere_House" title="Paul Revere House">Paul Revere House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_Hall,_Boston" title="Symphony Hall, Boston">Boston Symphony Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TD_Garden" title="TD Garden">TD Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Constitution" title="USS Constitution">USS <i>Constitution</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USS_Constitution_Museum" title="USS Constitution Museum">Museum</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%">Business<br />districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Back_Bay,_Boston" title="Back Bay, Boston">Back Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Boston" title="Downtown Boston">Downtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenway%E2%80%93Kenmore" title="Fenway–Kenmore">Fenway–Kenmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_Boston" title="Financial District, Boston">Financial District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Center,_Boston" title="Government Center, Boston">Government Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innovation_district" title="Innovation district">Innovation district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_End,_Boston" title="North End, Boston">North End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_128" title="Massachusetts Route 128">Route 128 corridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_End,_Boston" title="South End, Boston">South End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_in_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="List of companies in Boston">List of companies in Boston</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Boston#Government_and_politics" title="Boston">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_City_Charter" title="Boston City Charter">City charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_City_Council" title="Boston City Council">City council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_City_Hall" title="Boston City Hall">City Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Boston_mayoral_election" title="2021 Boston mayoral election">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Emergency_Medical_Services" title="Boston Emergency Medical Services">Emergency Medical Services (EMS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Finance_Commission" title="Boston Finance Commission">FinComm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Fire_Department" title="Boston Fire Department">Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Housing_Authority" title="Boston Housing Authority">Housing (BHA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Boston" title="Mayor of Boston">Mayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Planning_%26_Development_Agency" title="Boston Planning & Development Agency">Planning & Development Agency (BPDA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Police_Department" title="Boston Police Department">Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neighborhoods_in_Boston" title="Neighborhoods in Boston">Neighborhoods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allston%E2%80%93Brighton" title="Allston–Brighton">Allston–Brighton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allston" title="Allston">Allston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton,_Boston" title="Brighton, Boston">Brighton</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Back_Bay,_Boston" title="Back Bay, Boston">Back Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Village,_Boston" title="Bay Village, Boston">Bay Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beacon_Hill,_Boston" title="Beacon Hill, Boston">Beacon Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Crossing" title="Downtown Crossing">Downtown Boston</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_Boston" title="Financial District, Boston">Financial District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Center,_Boston" title="Government Center, Boston">Government Center</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlestown,_Boston" title="Charlestown, Boston">Charlestown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chestnut_Hill,_Massachusetts" title="Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts">Chestnut Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Boston" title="Chinatown, Boston">Chinatown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorchester,_Boston" title="Dorchester, Boston">Dorchester</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Point,_Boston" title="Columbia Point, Boston">Columbia Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upham%27s_Corner" class="mw-redirect" title="Upham's Corner">Upham's Corner</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Boston" title="East Boston">East Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenway%E2%80%93Kenmore" title="Fenway–Kenmore">Fenway–Kenmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Harbor_Islands_National_Recreation_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area">Harbor Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_Boston" title="Hyde Park, Boston">Hyde Park</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Readville,_Boston" title="Readville, Boston">Readville</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jamaica Plain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Hills,_Boston" title="Forest Hills, Boston">Forest Hills</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leather_District" title="Leather District">Leather District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattapan" title="Mattapan">Mattapan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_Hill,_Boston" title="Mission Hill, Boston">Mission Hill</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Longwood_Medical_and_Academic_Area" title="Longwood Medical and Academic Area">Longwood</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_End,_Boston" title="North End, Boston">North End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roslindale" title="Roslindale">Roslindale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxbury,_Boston" title="Roxbury, Boston">Roxbury</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Hill,_Boston" title="Fort Hill, Boston">Fort Hill</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Boston" title="South Boston">South Boston</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Point,_Boston" title="Fort Point, Boston">Fort Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seaport_District" title="Seaport District">Seaport</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_End,_Boston" title="South End, Boston">South End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_End,_Boston" title="West End, Boston">West End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Roxbury" title="West Roxbury">West Roxbury</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Boston" title="Sports in Boston">Sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Bruins" title="Boston Bruins">Boston Bruins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Celtics" title="Boston Celtics">Boston Celtics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Marathon" 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.portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/248479889">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4382202-2">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82060349">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007566983605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external 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