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17.488c-1.417-.9-6.452-4.469-6.452-9.658a6.16 6.16 0 0 1 1.884-4.436A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 8 1.548c1.727 0 3.348.656 4.568 1.848a6.15 6.15 0 0 1 1.884 4.434c0 5.19-5.035 8.757-6.452 9.658M8 4.215a3.785 3.785 0 1 0 0 7.57 3.785 3.785 0 0 0 0-7.57m1.703 5.488A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 8 10.41a2.4 2.4 0 0 1-1.703-.706A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 5.59 8a2.4 2.4 0 0 1 .706-1.703A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 8 5.59c.643 0 1.247.25 1.703.706s.706 1.06.706 1.703-.25 1.247-.706 1.703"></path></svg><ul class="center-locations" data-v-afbff848><li class="label-small direction-ltr typography center-location" data-v-afbff848 data-v-239cd353>Berlin, Germany</li></ul></div></div></span><div class="arrow-container" data-v-56cfe9ad><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="10" height="6" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" class="direction-ltr arrow" data-v-56cfe9ad data-v-6fa14250><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M8.791.833 5 4.625 1.208.833"></path></svg></div></button><div style="display:none;" class="items" data-v-56cfe9ad><ul data-v-649ad59d><li data-v-649ad59d><div class="dropdown-menu-item center-menu-item" data-v-649ad59d data-v-16c7b6b1><a href="/" class="anchor link" newtab="false" data-v-16c7b6b1><div class="center-preview" data-v-649ad59d data-v-afbff848><div class="center-title" data-v-afbff848><div class="body direction-ltr typography" data-v-afbff848 data-v-239cd353>Carnegie Endowment for International Peace</div></div><div class="center-info" data-v-afbff848><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 16 20" class="direction-ltr location-icon" data-v-afbff848 data-v-6fa14250><path fill="currentColor" d="M15.368 4.776a7.8 7.8 0 0 0-1.719-2.488A8 8 0 0 0 11.109.615 8.1 8.1 0 0 0 8 0a8.1 8.1 0 0 0-3.108.613 8 8 0 0 0-2.541 1.673A7.8 7.8 0 0 0 .632 4.774 7.6 7.6 0 0 0 0 7.828c0 1.518.363 3.03 1.077 4.488.575 1.172 1.377 2.314 2.388 3.4 1.726 1.854 3.537 2.987 4.051 3.29a.95.95 0 0 0 .964 0c.514-.303 2.324-1.436 4.051-3.29 1.01-1.084 1.813-2.228 2.387-3.4C15.637 10.86 16 9.351 16 7.83a7.6 7.6 0 0 0-.632-3.054M8 17.488c-1.417-.9-6.452-4.469-6.452-9.658a6.16 6.16 0 0 1 1.884-4.436A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 8 1.548c1.727 0 3.348.656 4.568 1.848a6.15 6.15 0 0 1 1.884 4.434c0 5.19-5.035 8.757-6.452 9.658M8 4.215a3.785 3.785 0 1 0 0 7.57 3.785 3.785 0 0 0 0-7.57m1.703 5.488A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 8 10.41a2.4 2.4 0 0 1-1.703-.706A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 5.59 8a2.4 2.4 0 0 1 .706-1.703A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 8 5.59c.643 0 1.247.25 1.703.706s.706 1.06.706 1.703-.25 1.247-.706 1.703"></path></svg><ul class="center-locations" data-v-afbff848><li class="label-small direction-ltr typography center-location" data-v-afbff848 data-v-239cd353>Washington DC, USA</li></ul></div></div></a></div></li><li data-v-649ad59d><div class="dropdown-menu-item center-menu-item" data-v-649ad59d data-v-16c7b6b1><a href="/china" class="anchor link" newtab="false" data-v-16c7b6b1><div class="center-preview" data-v-649ad59d data-v-afbff848><div class="center-title" data-v-afbff848><div class="body direction-ltr typography" data-v-afbff848 data-v-239cd353>Carnegie China</div></div><div class="center-info" data-v-afbff848><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 16 20" class="direction-ltr location-icon" data-v-afbff848 data-v-6fa14250><path fill="currentColor" d="M15.368 4.776a7.8 7.8 0 0 0-1.719-2.488A8 8 0 0 0 11.109.615 8.1 8.1 0 0 0 8 0a8.1 8.1 0 0 0-3.108.613 8 8 0 0 0-2.541 1.673A7.8 7.8 0 0 0 .632 4.774 7.6 7.6 0 0 0 0 7.828c0 1.518.363 3.03 1.077 4.488.575 1.172 1.377 2.314 2.388 3.4 1.726 1.854 3.537 2.987 4.051 3.29a.95.95 0 0 0 .964 0c.514-.303 2.324-1.436 4.051-3.29 1.01-1.084 1.813-2.228 2.387-3.4C15.637 10.86 16 9.351 16 7.83a7.6 7.6 0 0 0-.632-3.054M8 17.488c-1.417-.9-6.452-4.469-6.452-9.658a6.16 6.16 0 0 1 1.884-4.436A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 8 1.548c1.727 0 3.348.656 4.568 1.848a6.15 6.15 0 0 1 1.884 4.434c0 5.19-5.035 8.757-6.452 9.658M8 4.215a3.785 3.785 0 1 0 0 7.57 3.785 3.785 0 0 0 0-7.57m1.703 5.488A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 8 10.41a2.4 2.4 0 0 1-1.703-.706A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 5.59 8a2.4 2.4 0 0 1 .706-1.703A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 8 5.59c.643 0 1.247.25 1.703.706s.706 1.06.706 1.703-.25 1.247-.706 1.703"></path></svg><ul class="center-locations" data-v-afbff848><li class="label-small direction-ltr typography center-location" data-v-afbff848 data-v-239cd353>Activities in Singapore and Beijing, China</li></ul></div></div></a></div></li><li data-v-649ad59d><div class="dropdown-menu-item center-menu-item" data-v-649ad59d data-v-16c7b6b1><a href="/europe" class="anchor link" newtab="false" data-v-16c7b6b1><div class="center-preview" data-v-649ad59d data-v-afbff848><div class="center-title" data-v-afbff848><div class="body direction-ltr typography" data-v-afbff848 data-v-239cd353>Carnegie Europe</div></div><div class="center-info" data-v-afbff848><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 16 20" class="direction-ltr location-icon" data-v-afbff848 data-v-6fa14250><path fill="currentColor" d="M15.368 4.776a7.8 7.8 0 0 0-1.719-2.488A8 8 0 0 0 11.109.615 8.1 8.1 0 0 0 8 0a8.1 8.1 0 0 0-3.108.613 8 8 0 0 0-2.541 1.673A7.8 7.8 0 0 0 .632 4.774 7.6 7.6 0 0 0 0 7.828c0 1.518.363 3.03 1.077 4.488.575 1.172 1.377 2.314 2.388 3.4 1.726 1.854 3.537 2.987 4.051 3.29a.95.95 0 0 0 .964 0c.514-.303 2.324-1.436 4.051-3.29 1.01-1.084 1.813-2.228 2.387-3.4C15.637 10.86 16 9.351 16 7.83a7.6 7.6 0 0 0-.632-3.054M8 17.488c-1.417-.9-6.452-4.469-6.452-9.658a6.16 6.16 0 0 1 1.884-4.436A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 8 1.548c1.727 0 3.348.656 4.568 1.848a6.15 6.15 0 0 1 1.884 4.434c0 5.19-5.035 8.757-6.452 9.658M8 4.215a3.785 3.785 0 1 0 0 7.57 3.785 3.785 0 0 0 0-7.57m1.703 5.488A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 8 10.41a2.4 2.4 0 0 1-1.703-.706A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 5.59 8a2.4 2.4 0 0 1 .706-1.703A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 8 5.59c.643 0 1.247.25 1.703.706s.706 1.06.706 1.703-.25 1.247-.706 1.703"></path></svg><ul class="center-locations" data-v-afbff848><li class="label-small direction-ltr typography center-location" data-v-afbff848 data-v-239cd353>Brussels, Belgium</li></ul></div></div></a></div></li><li data-v-649ad59d><div class="dropdown-menu-item center-menu-item" data-v-649ad59d data-v-16c7b6b1><a href="/india" class="anchor link" newtab="false" data-v-16c7b6b1><div class="center-preview" data-v-649ad59d data-v-afbff848><div class="center-title" data-v-afbff848><div class="body direction-ltr typography" data-v-afbff848 data-v-239cd353>Carnegie India</div></div><div class="center-info" data-v-afbff848><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 16 20" class="direction-ltr location-icon" data-v-afbff848 data-v-6fa14250><path fill="currentColor" d="M15.368 4.776a7.8 7.8 0 0 0-1.719-2.488A8 8 0 0 0 11.109.615 8.1 8.1 0 0 0 8 0a8.1 8.1 0 0 0-3.108.613 8 8 0 0 0-2.541 1.673A7.8 7.8 0 0 0 .632 4.774 7.6 7.6 0 0 0 0 7.828c0 1.518.363 3.03 1.077 4.488.575 1.172 1.377 2.314 2.388 3.4 1.726 1.854 3.537 2.987 4.051 3.29a.95.95 0 0 0 .964 0c.514-.303 2.324-1.436 4.051-3.29 1.01-1.084 1.813-2.228 2.387-3.4C15.637 10.86 16 9.351 16 7.83a7.6 7.6 0 0 0-.632-3.054M8 17.488c-1.417-.9-6.452-4.469-6.452-9.658a6.16 6.16 0 0 1 1.884-4.436A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 8 1.548c1.727 0 3.348.656 4.568 1.848a6.15 6.15 0 0 1 1.884 4.434c0 5.19-5.035 8.757-6.452 9.658M8 4.215a3.785 3.785 0 1 0 0 7.57 3.785 3.785 0 0 0 0-7.57m1.703 5.488A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 8 10.41a2.4 2.4 0 0 1-1.703-.706A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 5.59 8a2.4 2.4 0 0 1 .706-1.703A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 8 5.59c.643 0 1.247.25 1.703.706s.706 1.06.706 1.703-.25 1.247-.706 1.703"></path></svg><ul class="center-locations" data-v-afbff848><li class="label-small direction-ltr typography center-location" data-v-afbff848 data-v-239cd353>New Delhi, India</li></ul></div></div></a></div></li><li data-v-649ad59d><div class="dropdown-menu-item center-menu-item" data-v-649ad59d data-v-16c7b6b1><a href="/middle-east" class="anchor link" newtab="false" data-v-16c7b6b1><div class="center-preview" data-v-649ad59d data-v-afbff848><div class="center-title" data-v-afbff848><div class="body direction-ltr typography" data-v-afbff848 data-v-239cd353>Malcolm H. Kerr Carnegie Middle East Center</div></div><div class="center-info" data-v-afbff848><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 16 20" class="direction-ltr location-icon" data-v-afbff848 data-v-6fa14250><path fill="currentColor" d="M15.368 4.776a7.8 7.8 0 0 0-1.719-2.488A8 8 0 0 0 11.109.615 8.1 8.1 0 0 0 8 0a8.1 8.1 0 0 0-3.108.613 8 8 0 0 0-2.541 1.673A7.8 7.8 0 0 0 .632 4.774 7.6 7.6 0 0 0 0 7.828c0 1.518.363 3.03 1.077 4.488.575 1.172 1.377 2.314 2.388 3.4 1.726 1.854 3.537 2.987 4.051 3.29a.95.95 0 0 0 .964 0c.514-.303 2.324-1.436 4.051-3.29 1.01-1.084 1.813-2.228 2.387-3.4C15.637 10.86 16 9.351 16 7.83a7.6 7.6 0 0 0-.632-3.054M8 17.488c-1.417-.9-6.452-4.469-6.452-9.658a6.16 6.16 0 0 1 1.884-4.436A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 8 1.548c1.727 0 3.348.656 4.568 1.848a6.15 6.15 0 0 1 1.884 4.434c0 5.19-5.035 8.757-6.452 9.658M8 4.215a3.785 3.785 0 1 0 0 7.57 3.785 3.785 0 0 0 0-7.57m1.703 5.488A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 8 10.41a2.4 2.4 0 0 1-1.703-.706A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 5.59 8a2.4 2.4 0 0 1 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style="position:fixed;top:0;right:0;left:0;pointer-events:none;width:auto;height:3px;opacity:0;background:#00b8ad;background-size:Infinity% auto;transform:scaleX(0%);transform-origin:left;transition:transform 0.1s, height 0.4s, opacity 0.4s;z-index:999999;"></div><div class="research-landing" status="published" slug="research" publishedat="2023-12-08T10:53:57.394Z" __typename="ResearchLanding" data-v-a814a29d><div class="hero page-heading" data-v-a814a29d><section class="hero-basic background-grey header-offset" style="background-image:url();" data-v-a814a29d data-v-f479f335><div class="layout" data-v-f479f335><div class="left" data-v-f479f335><div class="header" data-v-f479f335><div class="name" data-v-f479f335><div class="h1-display direction-ltr typography heading" data-v-f479f335 data-v-239cd353>Carnegie Russia Eurasia Center Research</div><div class="image-tablet" data-v-f479f335></div></div><div class="body-display-large-italic direction-ltr typography dek" data-v-f479f335 data-v-239cd353></div><div class="body-style-serif-large theme-light size-50 rich-text-elements dek" data-v-f479f335 data-v-fedd3581><div class="rich-text" data-v-fedd3581><br /></div></div></div></div></div><img src="https://carnegie-production-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/_nuxt/topographic.Cw31Keqa.svg" class="topographic-background" data-v-f479f335></section></div><div class="section-wrapper featured" data-v-a814a29d><div class="theme-light content-only content-slider-block" data-v-a814a29d style="--357f0c9f:#00a79d;" data-v-feeff918><div class="block-content" data-v-feeff918><div class="block-content-inner" data-v-feeff918><div class="featured-content-item" data-v-feeff918><div class="content-image" data-v-feeff918 data-v-196601a7><img src="/static/media/images/Digital_Ruble_1440.jpg" alt width="1440" height="770" srcset sizes class="image image default" id="6710f6fc8e9021fee9b94a5b" data-v-196601a7 data-v-753462ba></div><div class="theme-light content-summary active summary" data-v-feeff918 data-v-537d1ed4><div class="summary-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="meta" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="--teal type-label type-label" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-e1c4de89><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography text" data-v-e1c4de89 data-v-239cd353>paper</span></div></div><a href="/research/2024/10/russia-digital-ruble-development?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="heading" data-v-537d1ed4><span class="h2 direction-ltr typography" data-v-feeff918 data-v-239cd353>Can the Digital Ruble Shield Russia From Western Sanctions?</span></div></a><div class="description" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="body-style-serif-large theme-light size-50 rich-text-elements" data-v-feeff918 data-v-fedd3581><div class="rich-text" data-v-fedd3581><p>A central bank digital currency could provide Russia with an alternative to the SWIFT international payment system from which it has been cut off, but the digital ruble has a long way to go before it enters mainstream circulation.</p></div></div></div><div class="last-row credits" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="theme-light avatar-set" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-0771b5f3><ul class="avatars" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="person" data-v-0771b5f3><div class="size-small avatar" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-fb741989><span class="avatar" data-v-fb741989><a href="/people/alexandra-prokopenko?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor avatar-link" data-v-fb741989><img src="/static/media/avatars/%C3%90%C2%B0%C3%90%C2%BB%C3%90%C2%B5%C3%90%C2%BA%C3%91%C3%90%C2%B0%C3%90%C2%BD%C3%90%C2%B4%C3%91%C3%90%C2%B0%20%C3%90%C2%BF%C3%91%C3%90%C2%BE%C3%90%C2%BA%C3%90%C2%BE%C3%90%C2%BF%C3%90%C2%B5%C3%90%C2%BD%C3%90%C2%BA%C3%90%C2%BE-4.jpg" alt width="2373" height="2140" srcset sizes class="image desaturate" id="665db2c4539c94dbf739630d" data-v-fb741989 data-v-753462ba></a></span></div></li></ul><ul class="names" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="name" data-v-0771b5f3><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-239cd353><a href="/people/alexandra-prokopenko?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-0771b5f3>Alexandra Prokopenko</a></span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class="content-items" data-v-feeff918><div class="content-item" data-v-feeff918><div class="content-image" data-v-feeff918 data-v-196601a7><img src="/static/media/images/Moldova_R_1440.jpg" alt width="1440" height="770" srcset sizes class="image image default" id="670668677001322b0fb9f951" data-v-196601a7 data-v-753462ba></div><div class="theme-light content-summary summary" data-v-feeff918 data-v-537d1ed4><div class="summary-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="meta" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="--teal type-label type-label" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-e1c4de89><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography text" data-v-e1c4de89 data-v-239cd353>paper</span></div></div><a href="/research/2024/10/moldova-russia-strategy?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="heading" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="body-large direction-ltr typography heading" data-v-feeff918 data-v-239cd353>In Odesa’s Shadows: What Is Russia’s Strategy in Moldova? </div></div></a><div class="description" data-v-537d1ed4></div><div class="last-row credits" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="theme-light avatar-set" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-0771b5f3><ul class="avatars" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="person" data-v-0771b5f3><div class="size-small avatar" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-fb741989><span class="avatar" data-v-fb741989><a href="/people/maksim-samorukov?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor avatar-link" data-v-fb741989><img src="/static/media/avatars/Maksim-Samorukov-CEIP-00418.jpg" alt width="1000" height="1207" srcset sizes class="image desaturate" id="66198e83f11c1ed14b29f65c" data-v-fb741989 data-v-753462ba></a></span></div></li></ul><ul class="names" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="name" data-v-0771b5f3><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-239cd353><a href="/people/maksim-samorukov?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-0771b5f3>Maksim Samorukov</a></span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class="content-item" data-v-feeff918><div class="content-image" data-v-feeff918 data-v-196601a7><img src="/static/media/images/Yerevan_1420.jpg" alt width="1420" height="770" srcset sizes class="image image default" id="668fe3daa636e8ddd011b500" data-v-196601a7 data-v-753462ba></div><div class="theme-light content-summary summary" data-v-feeff918 data-v-537d1ed4><div class="summary-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="meta" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="--teal type-label type-label" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-e1c4de89><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography text" data-v-e1c4de89 data-v-239cd353>paper</span></div></div><a href="/research/2024/07/armenia-navigates-a-path-away-from-russia?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="heading" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="body-large direction-ltr typography heading" data-v-feeff918 data-v-239cd353>Armenia Navigates a Path Away From Russia</div></div></a><div class="description" data-v-537d1ed4></div><div class="last-row credits" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="theme-light avatar-set" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-0771b5f3><ul class="avatars" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="person" data-v-0771b5f3><div class="size-small avatar" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-fb741989><span class="avatar" data-v-fb741989><a href="/people/thomas-de-waal?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor avatar-link" data-v-fb741989><img src="/static/media/avatars/TdW_picture__1_-1.jpg" alt width="5632" height="3522" srcset sizes class="image desaturate" id="6574a1060f74e6e8e2b8088b" data-v-fb741989 data-v-753462ba></a></span></div></li></ul><ul class="names" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="name" data-v-0771b5f3><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-239cd353><a href="/people/thomas-de-waal?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-0771b5f3>Thomas de Waal</a></span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="image-slides" data-v-feeff918><div class="content-image slide active" data-v-feeff918 data-v-196601a7><img src="/static/media/images/Digital_Ruble_1440.jpg" alt width="1440" height="770" srcset sizes class="image image paper" id="6710f6fc8e9021fee9b94a5b" data-v-196601a7 data-v-753462ba></div><div class="content-image slide" data-v-feeff918 data-v-196601a7><img src="/static/media/images/Moldova_R_1440.jpg" alt width="1440" height="770" srcset sizes class="image image paper" id="670668677001322b0fb9f951" data-v-196601a7 data-v-753462ba></div><div class="content-image slide" data-v-feeff918 data-v-196601a7><img src="/static/media/images/Yerevan_1420.jpg" alt width="1420" height="770" srcset sizes class="image image paper" id="668fe3daa636e8ddd011b500" data-v-196601a7 data-v-753462ba></div></div></div></div><div class="section-wrapper articles" data-v-a814a29d><div class="section heading" data-v-a814a29d><h6 class="label direction-ltr typography underlined opacity-dark eyebrow eyebrow" data-v-a814a29d data-v-55c50705 data-v-239cd353>Recent Articles & Papers</h6></div><div class="section" data-v-a814a29d><div class="size-100 feed-items-3 content-feed-block" data-v-a814a29d data-v-847cfb8a><div class="third-column" data-v-847cfb8a><div class="context-block size-33 orientation-tall background-color-grey content-card-block" data-v-847cfb8a data-v-1142257d><div class="main" data-v-1142257d><div class="visual" data-v-1142257d><a href="/research/2024/10/russia-digital-ruble-development?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-1142257d><img src="/static/media/images/Digital_Ruble_1440.jpg" alt width="1440" height="770" srcset sizes class="image paper image" id="6710f6fc8e9021fee9b94a5b" data-v-1142257d data-v-753462ba></a></div><div class="mobile-hide-description theme-light content-summary summary" data-v-1142257d data-v-537d1ed4><div class="summary-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="meta" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="--teal type-label type-label" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-e1c4de89><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography text" data-v-e1c4de89 data-v-239cd353>paper</span></div><div class="meta-right" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="attributions-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-5bc4ee8d><div class="contentCard attributions-list" data-v-5bc4ee8d><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography title" data-v-5bc4ee8d data-v-239cd353></span></div></div></div></div><a href="/research/2024/10/russia-digital-ruble-development?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="heading" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="h5 direction-ltr typography heading" data-v-1142257d data-v-239cd353>Can the Digital Ruble Shield Russia From Western Sanctions?</div></div></a><div class="description" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="body-style-serif-small theme-light size-50 rich-text-elements description" data-v-1142257d data-v-fedd3581><div class="rich-text" data-v-fedd3581><p>A central bank digital currency could provide Russia with an alternative to the SWIFT international payment system from which it has been cut off, but the digital ruble has a long way to go before it enters mainstream circulation.</p></div></div></div><div class="last-row credits" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="theme-light avatar-set" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-0771b5f3><ul class="avatars" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="person" data-v-0771b5f3><div class="size-small avatar" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-fb741989><span class="avatar" data-v-fb741989><a href="/people/alexandra-prokopenko?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor avatar-link" data-v-fb741989><img src="/static/media/avatars/%C3%90%C2%B0%C3%90%C2%BB%C3%90%C2%B5%C3%90%C2%BA%C3%91%C3%90%C2%B0%C3%90%C2%BD%C3%90%C2%B4%C3%91%C3%90%C2%B0%20%C3%90%C2%BF%C3%91%C3%90%C2%BE%C3%90%C2%BA%C3%90%C2%BE%C3%90%C2%BF%C3%90%C2%B5%C3%90%C2%BD%C3%90%C2%BA%C3%90%C2%BE-4.jpg" alt width="2373" height="2140" srcset sizes class="image desaturate" id="665db2c4539c94dbf739630d" data-v-fb741989 data-v-753462ba></a></span></div></li></ul><ul class="names" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="name" data-v-0771b5f3><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-239cd353><a href="/people/alexandra-prokopenko?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-0771b5f3>Alexandra Prokopenko</a></span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="third-column" data-v-847cfb8a><div class="context-block size-33 orientation-tall background-color-grey content-card-block" data-v-847cfb8a data-v-1142257d><div class="main" data-v-1142257d><div class="visual" data-v-1142257d><a href="/research/2024/10/moldova-russia-strategy?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-1142257d><img src="/static/media/images/Moldova_R_1440.jpg" alt width="1440" height="770" srcset sizes class="image paper image" id="670668677001322b0fb9f951" data-v-1142257d data-v-753462ba></a></div><div class="mobile-hide-description theme-light content-summary summary" data-v-1142257d data-v-537d1ed4><div class="summary-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="meta" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="--teal type-label type-label" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-e1c4de89><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography text" data-v-e1c4de89 data-v-239cd353>paper</span></div><div class="meta-right" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="attributions-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-5bc4ee8d><div class="contentCard attributions-list" data-v-5bc4ee8d><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography title" data-v-5bc4ee8d data-v-239cd353></span></div></div></div></div><a href="/research/2024/10/moldova-russia-strategy?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="heading" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="h5 direction-ltr typography heading" data-v-1142257d data-v-239cd353>In Odesa’s Shadows: What Is Russia’s Strategy in Moldova? </div></div></a><div class="description" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="body-style-serif-small theme-light size-50 rich-text-elements description" data-v-1142257d data-v-fedd3581><div class="rich-text" data-v-fedd3581><p>Moscow’s approach to Moldova is to play for time and keep the country in geopolitical limbo by stoking internal divisions, stalling reforms, and fueling disenchantment with the pro-European course. </p></div></div></div><div class="last-row credits" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="theme-light avatar-set" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-0771b5f3><ul class="avatars" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="person" data-v-0771b5f3><div class="size-small avatar" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-fb741989><span class="avatar" data-v-fb741989><a href="/people/maksim-samorukov?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor avatar-link" data-v-fb741989><img src="/static/media/avatars/Maksim-Samorukov-CEIP-00418.jpg" alt width="1000" height="1207" srcset sizes class="image desaturate" id="66198e83f11c1ed14b29f65c" data-v-fb741989 data-v-753462ba></a></span></div></li></ul><ul class="names" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="name" data-v-0771b5f3><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-239cd353><a href="/people/maksim-samorukov?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-0771b5f3>Maksim Samorukov</a></span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="third-column" data-v-847cfb8a><div class="context-block size-33 orientation-tall background-color-grey content-card-block" data-v-847cfb8a data-v-1142257d><div class="main" data-v-1142257d><div class="visual" data-v-1142257d><a href="/research/2024/07/armenia-navigates-a-path-away-from-russia?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-1142257d><img src="/static/media/images/Yerevan_1420.jpg" alt width="1420" height="770" srcset sizes class="image paper image" id="668fe3daa636e8ddd011b500" data-v-1142257d data-v-753462ba></a></div><div class="mobile-hide-description theme-light content-summary summary" data-v-1142257d data-v-537d1ed4><div class="summary-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="meta" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="--teal type-label type-label" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-e1c4de89><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography text" data-v-e1c4de89 data-v-239cd353>paper</span></div><div class="meta-right" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="attributions-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-5bc4ee8d><div class="contentCard attributions-list" data-v-5bc4ee8d><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography title" data-v-5bc4ee8d data-v-239cd353></span></div></div></div></div><a href="/research/2024/07/armenia-navigates-a-path-away-from-russia?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="heading" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="h5 direction-ltr typography heading" data-v-1142257d data-v-239cd353>Armenia Navigates a Path Away From Russia</div></div></a><div class="description" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="body-style-serif-small theme-light size-50 rich-text-elements description" data-v-1142257d data-v-fedd3581><div class="rich-text" data-v-fedd3581><p>A successful peace agreement with Azerbaijan would mean Armenia would have more options and would be able to lessen its historical dependence on Russia and pursue a stronger partnership with the West. A continuation of the status quo gives Russia more opportunities to reapply its traditional levers of control. </p></div></div></div><div class="last-row credits" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="theme-light avatar-set" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-0771b5f3><ul class="avatars" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="person" data-v-0771b5f3><div class="size-small avatar" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-fb741989><span class="avatar" data-v-fb741989><a href="/people/thomas-de-waal?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor avatar-link" data-v-fb741989><img src="/static/media/avatars/TdW_picture__1_-1.jpg" alt width="5632" height="3522" srcset sizes class="image desaturate" id="6574a1060f74e6e8e2b8088b" data-v-fb741989 data-v-753462ba></a></span></div></li></ul><ul class="names" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="name" data-v-0771b5f3><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-239cd353><a href="/people/thomas-de-waal?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-0771b5f3>Thomas de 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xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="10" height="6" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" class="direction-ltr arrow" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-6fa14250><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M8.791.833 5 4.625 1.208.833"></path></svg></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="North Africa" id="m404h7lsjbgk2plfnq" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>North Africa</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="North America" id="m404h7ls5u20w86hwoe" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>North America</label></span></span></div><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="10" height="6" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" class="direction-ltr arrow" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-6fa14250><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M8.791.833 5 4.625 1.208.833"></path></svg></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="Russia and Eurasia" id="m404h7lstuunmr3wbfk" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>Russia and Eurasia</label></span></span></div><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="10" height="6" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" class="direction-ltr arrow" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-6fa14250><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M8.791.833 5 4.625 1.208.833"></path></svg></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="South America" id="m404h7ls9c421z68hxk" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>South America</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="South Asia" id="m404h7ls2bhs5ew70t8" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>South Asia</label></span></span></div><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="10" height="6" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" class="direction-ltr arrow" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-6fa14250><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M8.791.833 5 4.625 1.208.833"></path></svg></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="Southern, Eastern, and Western Africa" id="m404h7ls9tnek4g37mv" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>Southern, Eastern, and Western Africa</label></span></span></div></span></div></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="is-in-flow-phone is-menu-relative dropdown-menu index-filter-menu filter" data-v-45e84e2b data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-56cfe9ad><div class="wrapper" data-v-56cfe9ad><button class="button" data-v-56cfe9ad><span class="label" data-v-56cfe9ad><span class="body capitalize direction-ltr typography filter-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353>experts <span class="filter-count" data-v-3c1ea62f>(11)</span></span></span><div class="arrow-container" data-v-56cfe9ad><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="10" height="6" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" class="direction-ltr arrow" data-v-56cfe9ad data-v-6fa14250><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M8.791.833 5 4.625 1.208.833"></path></svg></div></button><div style="display:none;" class="items" data-v-56cfe9ad><ul class="menu-items" data-v-3c1ea62f><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="Alexander Baunov" id="m404h7lsdgfdwq9tzus" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>Alexander Baunov</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="Alexander Gabuev" id="m404h7lsd5p39t7w166" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>Alexander Gabuev</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="Alexandra Prokopenko" id="m404h7lspy85bwym7ts" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>Alexandra Prokopenko</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="Maksim Samorukov" id="m404h7ls7mqby4g3m2" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>Maksim Samorukov</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="Ekaterina Schulmann" id="m404h7ls8ivyxchwp9e" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>Ekaterina Schulmann</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="Zaur Shiriyev " id="m404h7ls826n7lu6do6" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>Zaur Shiriyev </label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="Artyom Shraibman" id="m404h7lsfcb90gkbr55" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>Artyom Shraibman</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="Vita Spivak" id="m404h7lswx3k8ozu1qp" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>Vita Spivak</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="Tatiana Stanovaya" id="m404h7lsieoxa3yllg" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>Tatiana Stanovaya</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="Temur Umarov" id="m404h7lsi6lrfptwn3s" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>Temur Umarov</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="Sergey Vakulenko" id="m404h7lsbtsqvbvvrv" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>Sergey Vakulenko</label></span></span></div></span></div></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="is-in-flow-phone is-menu-relative dropdown-menu index-filter-menu filter" data-v-45e84e2b data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-56cfe9ad><div class="wrapper" data-v-56cfe9ad><button class="button" data-v-56cfe9ad><span class="label" data-v-56cfe9ad><span class="body capitalize direction-ltr typography filter-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353>years <span class="filter-count" data-v-3c1ea62f>(22)</span></span></span><div class="arrow-container" data-v-56cfe9ad><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="10" height="6" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" class="direction-ltr arrow" data-v-56cfe9ad data-v-6fa14250><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M8.791.833 5 4.625 1.208.833"></path></svg></div></button><div style="display:none;" class="items" data-v-56cfe9ad><ul class="menu-items" data-v-3c1ea62f><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2024" id="m404h7lsi2sfy19chq" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2024</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2023" id="m404h7lsk2kev7vkmxf" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2023</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2022" id="m404h7lsm6f5e0yndzm" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2022</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2021" id="m404h7lsdhfaf396res" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2021</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2020" id="m404h7ls7fv0qezjdc" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2020</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2019" id="m404h7ls9m77hk3s87l" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2019</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2018" id="m404h7lsfqqr1rkwgzc" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2018</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2017" id="m404h7ls249lb4wqiyo" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2017</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2016" id="m404h7lswpz3l3f58xq" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2016</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2015" id="m404h7lsvgoz4u77zg" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2015</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2014" id="m404h7lschcepgkq3wo" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2014</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2013" id="m404h7ls01kr0csyptp9" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2013</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2012" id="m404h7ls0cmciovlh56" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2012</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2011" id="m404h7lsypnn909nn7q" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2011</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2010" id="m404h7lscxd6diw1hyq" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2010</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2009" id="m404h7ls0ud5in266zl" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2009</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2008" id="m404h7lslchqvvv9nb9" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2008</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2007" id="m404h7lshpnsh2plmaf" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2007</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2006" id="m404h7lsa3hm23r1wjf" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2006</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2005" id="m404h7lszq4wqgzxoum" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2005</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2004" id="m404h7lsbyqh040utu6" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2004</label></span></span></div></span></div></li><li class="menu-item" data-v-3c1ea62f><div class="menu-content" data-v-3c1ea62f><span class="body direction-ltr typography menu-label" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-239cd353><div class="form-field checkbox" data-v-3c1ea62f data-v-32f48c67><span class="wrapper"><span class="content" data-v-32f48c67><input type="checkbox" class="checkbox" aria-label="2003" id="m404h7lsnolcgmrqj7d" data-v-32f48c67><label class="label" data-v-32f48c67>2003</label></span></span></div></span></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="chips-controls-wrapper" data-v-45e84e2b><div class="mobile-filter-controls" data-v-45e84e2b><button class="button-tertiary theme-light size-regular icon-position-right button" data-v-45e84e2b style="" data-v-2387f140><span class="label direction-ltr typography label" data-v-2387f140 data-v-239cd353>Clear</span></button><button class="button-primary theme-light size-regular icon-position-right button" data-v-45e84e2b style="" data-v-2387f140><span class="label direction-ltr typography label" data-v-2387f140 data-v-239cd353>See Results</span></button></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="results" data-v-0ec788be><div class="results-inner" data-v-0ec788be><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography result-count" data-v-0ec788be data-v-239cd353>374 Results</span><div class="context-inline size-50 orientation-wide background-color-grey content-card-block result" data-v-a814a29d data-v-1142257d><div class="main" data-v-1142257d><div class="visual" data-v-1142257d><a href="/research/2024/10/russia-digital-ruble-development?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-1142257d><img src="/static/media/images/Digital_Ruble_1440.jpg" alt width="1440" height="770" srcset sizes class="image paper image" id="6710f6fc8e9021fee9b94a5b" data-v-1142257d data-v-753462ba></a></div><div class="theme-light content-summary summary" data-v-1142257d data-v-537d1ed4><div class="summary-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="meta" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="--teal type-label type-label" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-e1c4de89><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography text" data-v-e1c4de89 data-v-239cd353>paper</span></div><div class="meta-right" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="attributions-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-5bc4ee8d><div class="contentCard attributions-list" data-v-5bc4ee8d><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography title" data-v-5bc4ee8d data-v-239cd353></span></div></div></div></div><a href="/research/2024/10/russia-digital-ruble-development?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="heading" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="h5 direction-ltr typography heading" data-v-1142257d data-v-239cd353>Can the Digital Ruble Shield Russia From Western Sanctions?</div></div></a><div class="description" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="body-style-serif-small theme-light size-50 rich-text-elements description" data-v-1142257d data-v-fedd3581><div class="rich-text" data-v-fedd3581><p>A central bank digital currency could provide Russia with an alternative to the SWIFT international payment system from which it has been cut off, but the digital ruble has a long way to go before it enters mainstream circulation.</p></div></div></div><div class="last-row credits" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="theme-light avatar-set" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-0771b5f3><ul class="avatars" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="person" data-v-0771b5f3><div class="size-small avatar" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-fb741989><span class="avatar" data-v-fb741989><a href="/people/alexandra-prokopenko?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor avatar-link" data-v-fb741989><img src="/static/media/avatars/%C3%90%C2%B0%C3%90%C2%BB%C3%90%C2%B5%C3%90%C2%BA%C3%91%C3%90%C2%B0%C3%90%C2%BD%C3%90%C2%B4%C3%91%C3%90%C2%B0%20%C3%90%C2%BF%C3%91%C3%90%C2%BE%C3%90%C2%BA%C3%90%C2%BE%C3%90%C2%BF%C3%90%C2%B5%C3%90%C2%BD%C3%90%C2%BA%C3%90%C2%BE-4.jpg" alt width="2373" height="2140" srcset sizes class="image desaturate" id="665db2c4539c94dbf739630d" data-v-fb741989 data-v-753462ba></a></span></div></li></ul><ul class="names" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="name" data-v-0771b5f3><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-239cd353><a href="/people/alexandra-prokopenko?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-0771b5f3>Alexandra Prokopenko</a></span></li></ul></div><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography publication-date" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-239cd353>· October 17, 2024</span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="context-inline size-50 orientation-wide background-color-grey content-card-block result" data-v-a814a29d data-v-1142257d><div class="main" data-v-1142257d><div class="visual" data-v-1142257d><a href="/research/2024/10/moldova-russia-strategy?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-1142257d><img src="/static/media/images/Moldova_R_1440.jpg" alt width="1440" height="770" srcset sizes class="image paper image" id="670668677001322b0fb9f951" data-v-1142257d data-v-753462ba></a></div><div class="theme-light content-summary summary" data-v-1142257d data-v-537d1ed4><div class="summary-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="meta" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="--teal type-label type-label" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-e1c4de89><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography text" data-v-e1c4de89 data-v-239cd353>paper</span></div><div class="meta-right" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="attributions-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-5bc4ee8d><div class="contentCard attributions-list" data-v-5bc4ee8d><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography title" data-v-5bc4ee8d data-v-239cd353></span></div></div></div></div><a href="/research/2024/10/moldova-russia-strategy?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="heading" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="h5 direction-ltr typography heading" data-v-1142257d data-v-239cd353>In Odesa’s Shadows: What Is Russia’s Strategy in Moldova? </div></div></a><div class="description" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="body-style-serif-small theme-light size-50 rich-text-elements description" data-v-1142257d data-v-fedd3581><div class="rich-text" data-v-fedd3581><p>Moscow’s approach to Moldova is to play for time and keep the country in geopolitical limbo by stoking internal divisions, stalling reforms, and fueling disenchantment with the pro-European course. </p></div></div></div><div class="last-row credits" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="theme-light avatar-set" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-0771b5f3><ul class="avatars" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="person" data-v-0771b5f3><div class="size-small avatar" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-fb741989><span class="avatar" data-v-fb741989><a href="/people/maksim-samorukov?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor avatar-link" data-v-fb741989><img src="/static/media/avatars/Maksim-Samorukov-CEIP-00418.jpg" alt width="1000" height="1207" srcset sizes class="image desaturate" id="66198e83f11c1ed14b29f65c" data-v-fb741989 data-v-753462ba></a></span></div></li></ul><ul class="names" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="name" data-v-0771b5f3><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-239cd353><a href="/people/maksim-samorukov?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-0771b5f3>Maksim Samorukov</a></span></li></ul></div><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography publication-date" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-239cd353>· October 9, 2024</span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="context-inline size-50 orientation-wide background-color-grey content-card-block result" data-v-a814a29d data-v-1142257d><div class="main" data-v-1142257d><div class="visual" data-v-1142257d><a href="/research/2024/07/armenia-navigates-a-path-away-from-russia?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-1142257d><img src="/static/media/images/Yerevan_1420.jpg" alt width="1420" height="770" srcset sizes class="image paper image" id="668fe3daa636e8ddd011b500" data-v-1142257d data-v-753462ba></a></div><div class="theme-light content-summary summary" data-v-1142257d data-v-537d1ed4><div class="summary-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="meta" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="--teal type-label type-label" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-e1c4de89><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography text" data-v-e1c4de89 data-v-239cd353>paper</span></div><div class="meta-right" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="attributions-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-5bc4ee8d><div class="contentCard attributions-list" data-v-5bc4ee8d><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography title" data-v-5bc4ee8d data-v-239cd353></span></div></div></div></div><a href="/research/2024/07/armenia-navigates-a-path-away-from-russia?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="heading" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="h5 direction-ltr typography heading" data-v-1142257d data-v-239cd353>Armenia Navigates a Path Away From Russia</div></div></a><div class="description" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="body-style-serif-small theme-light size-50 rich-text-elements description" data-v-1142257d data-v-fedd3581><div class="rich-text" data-v-fedd3581><p>A successful peace agreement with Azerbaijan would mean Armenia would have more options and would be able to lessen its historical dependence on Russia and pursue a stronger partnership with the West. A continuation of the status quo gives Russia more opportunities to reapply its traditional levers of control. </p></div></div></div><div class="last-row credits" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="theme-light avatar-set" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-0771b5f3><ul class="avatars" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="person" data-v-0771b5f3><div class="size-small avatar" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-fb741989><span class="avatar" data-v-fb741989><a href="/people/thomas-de-waal?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor avatar-link" data-v-fb741989><img src="/static/media/avatars/TdW_picture__1_-1.jpg" alt width="5632" height="3522" srcset sizes class="image desaturate" id="6574a1060f74e6e8e2b8088b" data-v-fb741989 data-v-753462ba></a></span></div></li></ul><ul class="names" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="name" data-v-0771b5f3><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-239cd353><a href="/people/thomas-de-waal?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-0771b5f3>Thomas de Waal</a></span></li></ul></div><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography publication-date" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-239cd353>· July 11, 2024</span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="context-inline size-50 orientation-wide background-color-grey content-card-block result" data-v-a814a29d data-v-1142257d><div class="main" data-v-1142257d><div class="visual" data-v-1142257d><a href="/research/2024/06/bosnia-between-russia-eu?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-1142257d><img src="/static/media/images/Milorad_Dodik_1420.jpg" alt width="1420" height="770" srcset sizes class="image paper image" id="667d293e194a93d65ad29d35" data-v-1142257d data-v-753462ba></a></div><div class="theme-light content-summary summary" data-v-1142257d data-v-537d1ed4><div class="summary-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="meta" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="--teal type-label type-label" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-e1c4de89><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography text" data-v-e1c4de89 data-v-239cd353>paper</span></div><div class="meta-right" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="attributions-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-5bc4ee8d><div class="contentCard attributions-list" data-v-5bc4ee8d><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography title" data-v-5bc4ee8d data-v-239cd353></span></div></div></div></div><a href="/research/2024/06/bosnia-between-russia-eu?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="heading" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="h5 direction-ltr typography heading" data-v-1142257d data-v-239cd353>Between the EU and Moscow: How Russia Exploits Divisions in Bosnia</div></div></a><div class="description" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="body-style-serif-small theme-light size-50 rich-text-elements description" data-v-1142257d data-v-fedd3581><div class="rich-text" data-v-fedd3581><p>Entrenched divisions in Bosnia and Herzegovina have hampered EU and U.S. efforts to build functional institutions and integrate the country into Western clubs. Dysfunctionality in turn provides fertile ground for meddling by Russia, which appears to have won the battle for the hearts and minds of Bosnian Serbs.</p></div></div></div><div class="last-row credits" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="theme-light avatar-set" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-0771b5f3><ul class="avatars" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="person" data-v-0771b5f3><div class="size-small avatar" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-fb741989><span class="avatar" data-v-fb741989><a href="/people/dimitar-bechev?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor avatar-link" data-v-fb741989><img src="/static/media/avatars/2283-dimitar-bechev_160313_171008_cropped-7.jpg" alt width="127" height="162" srcset sizes class="image desaturate" id="65c00ab41ec4578c6b545a90" data-v-fb741989 data-v-753462ba></a></span></div></li></ul><ul class="names" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="name" data-v-0771b5f3><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-239cd353><a href="/people/dimitar-bechev?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-0771b5f3>Dimitar Bechev</a></span></li></ul></div><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography publication-date" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-239cd353>· June 27, 2024</span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="context-inline size-50 orientation-wide background-color-grey content-card-block result" data-v-a814a29d data-v-1142257d><div class="main" data-v-1142257d><div class="visual" data-v-1142257d><a href="/research/2024/05/bosnia-moldova-armenia-between-russia-eu?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-1142257d><img src="/static/media/images/serbia-putin-new.jpg" alt width="1420" height="654" srcset sizes class="image paper image" id="665883bb0b83d9d4ba26b5cd" data-v-1142257d data-v-753462ba></a></div><div class="theme-light content-summary summary" data-v-1142257d data-v-537d1ed4><div class="summary-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="meta" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="--teal type-label type-label" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-e1c4de89><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography text" data-v-e1c4de89 data-v-239cd353>paper</span></div><div class="meta-right" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="attributions-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-5bc4ee8d><div class="contentCard attributions-list" data-v-5bc4ee8d><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography title" data-v-5bc4ee8d data-v-239cd353></span></div></div></div></div><a href="/research/2024/05/bosnia-moldova-armenia-between-russia-eu?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="heading" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="h5 direction-ltr typography heading" data-v-1142257d data-v-239cd353>Between Russia and the EU: Europe’s Arc of Instability</div></div></a><div class="description" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="body-style-serif-small theme-light size-50 rich-text-elements description" data-v-1142257d data-v-fedd3581><div class="rich-text" data-v-fedd3581><p>Armenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, Moldova, and Serbia are caught in between Russia and the EU, building ties with the latter even as the former seeks to maintain influence there and deter the West. </p></div></div></div><div class="last-row credits" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="theme-light avatar-set" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-0771b5f3><ul class="avatars" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="person" data-v-0771b5f3><div class="size-small avatar" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-fb741989><span class="avatar" data-v-fb741989><a href="/people/thomas-de-waal?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor avatar-link" data-v-fb741989><img src="/static/media/avatars/TdW_picture__1_-1.jpg" alt width="5632" height="3522" srcset sizes class="image desaturate" id="6574a1060f74e6e8e2b8088b" data-v-fb741989 data-v-753462ba></a></span></div></li><li class="person" data-v-0771b5f3><div class="size-small avatar" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-fb741989><span class="avatar" data-v-fb741989><a href="/people/dimitar-bechev?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor avatar-link" data-v-fb741989><img src="/static/media/avatars/2283-dimitar-bechev_160313_171008_cropped-7.jpg" alt width="127" height="162" srcset sizes class="image desaturate" id="65c00ab41ec4578c6b545a90" data-v-fb741989 data-v-753462ba></a></span></div></li><li class="person" data-v-0771b5f3><div class="size-small avatar" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-fb741989><span class="avatar" data-v-fb741989><a href="/people/maksim-samorukov?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor avatar-link" data-v-fb741989><img src="/static/media/avatars/Maksim-Samorukov-CEIP-00418.jpg" alt width="1000" height="1207" srcset sizes class="image desaturate" id="66198e83f11c1ed14b29f65c" data-v-fb741989 data-v-753462ba></a></span></div></li></ul><ul class="names" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="name" data-v-0771b5f3><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-239cd353><a href="/people/thomas-de-waal?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-0771b5f3>Thomas de Waal</a>, </span></li><li class="name" data-v-0771b5f3><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-239cd353><a href="/people/dimitar-bechev?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-0771b5f3>Dimitar Bechev</a>, </span></li><li class="name" data-v-0771b5f3><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-239cd353><a href="/people/maksim-samorukov?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-0771b5f3>Maksim Samorukov</a></span></li></ul></div><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography publication-date" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-239cd353>· May 30, 2024</span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="context-inline size-50 orientation-wide background-color-grey content-card-block result" data-v-a814a29d data-v-1142257d><div class="main" data-v-1142257d><div class="visual" data-v-1142257d><a href="/research/2024/03/v-usloviyah-voennogo-bremeni-glavnye-voprosy-o-nastoyashem-i-budushem-rossijskoj-ekonomiki?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-1142257d><img src="/static/media/images/GettyImages-1420(1).jpg" alt width="1420" height="770" srcset sizes class="image article image" id="6644b948ee67108064fcbdf8" data-v-1142257d data-v-753462ba></a></div><div class="theme-light content-summary summary" data-v-1142257d data-v-537d1ed4><div class="summary-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="meta" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="--teal type-label type-label" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-e1c4de89><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography text" data-v-e1c4de89 data-v-239cd353>article</span></div><div class="meta-right" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="attributions-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-5bc4ee8d><div class="contentCard attributions-list" data-v-5bc4ee8d><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography title" data-v-5bc4ee8d data-v-239cd353></span></div></div></div></div><a href="/research/2024/03/v-usloviyah-voennogo-bremeni-glavnye-voprosy-o-nastoyashem-i-budushem-rossijskoj-ekonomiki?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="heading" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="h5 direction-ltr typography heading" data-v-1142257d data-v-239cd353>Russia Has the Resources for a Long War in Ukraine</div></div></a><div class="description" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="body-style-serif-small theme-light size-50 rich-text-elements description" data-v-1142257d data-v-fedd3581><div class="rich-text" data-v-fedd3581><p>Vladimir Putin has reason to be confident that Russia can maintain current military spending levels for a relatively long time. This is bad news for Ukraine, its Western partners and neighbors, and overall global security.</p></div></div></div><div class="last-row credits" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="theme-light avatar-set" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-0771b5f3><ul class="avatars" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="person" data-v-0771b5f3><div class="size-small avatar" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-fb741989><span class="avatar" data-v-fb741989><a href="/people/sergey-vakulenko?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor avatar-link" data-v-fb741989><img src="/static/media/avatars/Sergey_Vakulenko.jpg" alt="Sergey Vakulenko" width="1000" height="1000" srcset sizes class="image desaturate" id="66607d9c7371c07f71c198d1" data-v-fb741989 data-v-753462ba></a></span></div></li></ul><ul class="names" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="name" data-v-0771b5f3><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-239cd353><a href="/people/sergey-vakulenko?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-0771b5f3>Sergey Vakulenko</a></span></li></ul></div><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography publication-date" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-239cd353>· May 16, 2024</span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="context-inline size-50 orientation-wide background-color-grey content-card-block result" data-v-a814a29d data-v-1142257d><div class="main" data-v-1142257d><div class="visual" data-v-1142257d><a href="/research/2024/03/is-the-kremlin-overconfident-about-russias-economic-stability?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-1142257d><img src="/static/media/images/Aviation_Plant_-1428.jpg" alt width="1420" height="770" srcset sizes class="image article image" id="663a9c355eade72d89893ed0" data-v-1142257d data-v-753462ba></a></div><div class="theme-light content-summary summary" data-v-1142257d data-v-537d1ed4><div class="summary-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="meta" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="--teal type-label type-label" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-e1c4de89><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography text" data-v-e1c4de89 data-v-239cd353>article</span></div><div class="meta-right" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="attributions-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-5bc4ee8d><div class="contentCard attributions-list" data-v-5bc4ee8d><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography title" data-v-5bc4ee8d data-v-239cd353></span></div></div></div></div><a href="/research/2024/03/is-the-kremlin-overconfident-about-russias-economic-stability?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="heading" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="h5 direction-ltr typography heading" data-v-1142257d data-v-239cd353>Is the Kremlin Overconfident About Russia’s Economic Stability?</div></div></a><div class="description" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="body-style-serif-small theme-light size-50 rich-text-elements description" data-v-1142257d data-v-fedd3581><div class="rich-text" data-v-fedd3581><p>Russia’s economy is being revved up by the Kremlin’s wartime priorities. Having largely completed an adjustment to the Western sanctions regime, the economy has stabilized but is now more dependent on oil prices. This hard-won stability may last a long time, but it is not eternal.</p></div></div></div><div class="last-row credits" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="theme-light avatar-set" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-0771b5f3><ul class="avatars" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="person" data-v-0771b5f3><div class="size-small avatar" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-fb741989><span class="avatar" data-v-fb741989><a href="/people/alexandra-prokopenko?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor avatar-link" data-v-fb741989><img src="/static/media/avatars/%C3%90%C2%B0%C3%90%C2%BB%C3%90%C2%B5%C3%90%C2%BA%C3%91%C3%90%C2%B0%C3%90%C2%BD%C3%90%C2%B4%C3%91%C3%90%C2%B0%20%C3%90%C2%BF%C3%91%C3%90%C2%BE%C3%90%C2%BA%C3%90%C2%BE%C3%90%C2%BF%C3%90%C2%B5%C3%90%C2%BD%C3%90%C2%BA%C3%90%C2%BE-4.jpg" alt width="2373" height="2140" srcset sizes class="image desaturate" id="665db2c4539c94dbf739630d" data-v-fb741989 data-v-753462ba></a></span></div></li></ul><ul class="names" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="name" data-v-0771b5f3><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-239cd353><a href="/people/alexandra-prokopenko?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-0771b5f3>Alexandra Prokopenko</a></span></li></ul></div><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography publication-date" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-239cd353>· April 10, 2024</span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="context-inline size-50 orientation-wide background-color-grey content-card-block result" data-v-a814a29d data-v-1142257d><div class="main" data-v-1142257d><div class="visual" data-v-1142257d><a href="/research/2024/04/getting-off-the-back-foot-guiding-principles-for-a-proactive-western-strategy-on-belarus?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-1142257d><img src="/static/media/images/With_Belarus-1429.jpg" alt width="1420" height="770" srcset sizes class="image paper image" id="663aa75087f1dd171271f99f" data-v-1142257d data-v-753462ba></a></div><div class="theme-light content-summary summary" data-v-1142257d data-v-537d1ed4><div class="summary-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="meta" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="--teal type-label type-label" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-e1c4de89><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography text" data-v-e1c4de89 data-v-239cd353>paper</span></div><div class="meta-right" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="attributions-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-5bc4ee8d><div class="contentCard attributions-list" data-v-5bc4ee8d><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography title" data-v-5bc4ee8d data-v-239cd353></span></div></div></div></div><a href="/research/2024/04/getting-off-the-back-foot-guiding-principles-for-a-proactive-western-strategy-on-belarus?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="heading" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="h5 direction-ltr typography heading" data-v-1142257d data-v-239cd353>Getting Off the Back Foot: Guiding Principles for a Proactive Western Strategy on Belarus</div></div></a><div class="description" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="body-style-serif-small theme-light size-50 rich-text-elements description" data-v-1142257d data-v-fedd3581><div class="rich-text" data-v-fedd3581><p>Western leaders’ apathy and lack of interest in Belarus risk creating a self-fulfilling prophecy that leaves Belarus trapped in Moscow’s smothering embrace more or less indefinitely. This paper identifies options for a more effective Western strategy that takes into account existing opportunities and limitations.</p></div></div></div><div class="last-row credits" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="theme-light avatar-set" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-0771b5f3><ul class="avatars" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="person" data-v-0771b5f3><div class="size-small avatar" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-fb741989><span class="avatar" data-v-fb741989><a href="/people/artyom-shraibman?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor avatar-link" data-v-fb741989><img src="/static/media/avatars/shraibman_photo_big-6.jpg" alt width="979" height="1200" srcset sizes class="image desaturate" id="6574a83d0f74e6e8e2ba656f" data-v-fb741989 data-v-753462ba></a></span></div></li></ul><ul class="names" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="name" data-v-0771b5f3><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-239cd353><a href="/people/artyom-shraibman?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-0771b5f3>Artyom Shraibman</a></span></li></ul></div><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography publication-date" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-239cd353>· April 4, 2024</span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="context-inline size-50 orientation-wide background-color-grey content-card-block result" data-v-a814a29d data-v-1142257d><div class="main" data-v-1142257d><div class="visual" data-v-1142257d><a href="/research/2023/11/blood-and-iron-how-nationalist-imperialism-became-russias-state-ideology?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-1142257d><img src="/static/media/images/Roots_of_ideology-1421.jpg" alt width="1420" height="770" srcset sizes class="image article image" id="657326c23625060300d4f921" data-v-1142257d data-v-753462ba></a></div><div class="theme-light content-summary summary" data-v-1142257d data-v-537d1ed4><div class="summary-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="meta" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="--teal type-label type-label" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-e1c4de89><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography text" data-v-e1c4de89 data-v-239cd353>article</span></div><div class="meta-right" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="attributions-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-5bc4ee8d><div class="contentCard attributions-list" data-v-5bc4ee8d><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography title" data-v-5bc4ee8d data-v-239cd353></span></div></div></div></div><a href="/research/2023/11/blood-and-iron-how-nationalist-imperialism-became-russias-state-ideology?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="heading" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="h5 direction-ltr typography heading" data-v-1142257d data-v-239cd353>Blood and Iron: How Nationalist Imperialism Became Russia’s State Ideology</div></div></a><div class="description" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="body-style-serif-small theme-light size-50 rich-text-elements description" data-v-1142257d data-v-fedd3581><div class="rich-text" data-v-fedd3581><p>The nationalist-imperialist worldview that the Putin regime is imposing on Russians is intended to feed on the past and exploit historical memories and concepts to reshape and manage the mass consciousness of the Russian people.</p></div></div></div><div class="last-row credits" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="theme-light avatar-set" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-0771b5f3><ul class="avatars" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="person" data-v-0771b5f3><div class="size-small avatar" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-fb741989><span class="avatar" data-v-fb741989><a href="/people/andrei-kolesnikov?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor avatar-link" data-v-fb741989><img src="/static/media/avatars/Andrei_Kolesnikov.jpg" alt width="3744" height="5616" srcset sizes class="image desaturate" id="65749d410f74e6e8e2b7274a" data-v-fb741989 data-v-753462ba></a></span></div></li></ul><ul class="names" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="name" data-v-0771b5f3><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-239cd353><a href="/people/andrei-kolesnikov?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-0771b5f3>Andrei Kolesnikov</a></span></li></ul></div><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography publication-date" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-239cd353>· December 6, 2023</span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="context-inline size-50 orientation-wide background-color-grey content-card-block result" data-v-a814a29d data-v-1142257d><div class="main" data-v-1142257d><div class="visual" data-v-1142257d><a href="/research/2023/11/alternate-reality-how-russian-society-learned-to-stop-worrying-about-the-war?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-1142257d><img src="/static/media/images/R-U-Conf-1421.jpg" alt width="1420" height="770" srcset sizes class="image paper image" id="657326783625060300d4eee0" data-v-1142257d data-v-753462ba></a></div><div class="theme-light content-summary summary" data-v-1142257d data-v-537d1ed4><div class="summary-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="meta" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="--teal type-label type-label" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-e1c4de89><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography text" data-v-e1c4de89 data-v-239cd353>paper</span></div><div class="meta-right" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="attributions-wrapper" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-5bc4ee8d><div class="contentCard attributions-list" data-v-5bc4ee8d><span class="label-small direction-ltr typography title" data-v-5bc4ee8d data-v-239cd353></span></div></div></div></div><a href="/research/2023/11/alternate-reality-how-russian-society-learned-to-stop-worrying-about-the-war?lang=en&center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="heading" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="h5 direction-ltr typography heading" data-v-1142257d data-v-239cd353>Alternate Reality: How Russian Society Learned to Stop Worrying About the War</div></div></a><div class="description" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="body-style-serif-small theme-light size-50 rich-text-elements description" data-v-1142257d data-v-fedd3581><div class="rich-text" data-v-fedd3581><p>Many Russians equate their country with the political regime that rules it, and believe it is their duty to support the state’s actions. This belief and the limited impact the war in Ukraine has had on the day-to-day lives of most Russians go some way to explaining continuing high levels of support for the war among Russians.</p></div></div></div><div class="last-row credits" data-v-537d1ed4><div class="theme-light avatar-set" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-0771b5f3><ul class="avatars" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="person" data-v-0771b5f3><div class="size-small avatar" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-fb741989><span class="avatar" data-v-fb741989><a href="/people/denis-volkov?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor avatar-link" data-v-fb741989><img src="/static/media/avatars/volkov3-6.jpg" alt width="216" height="277" srcset sizes class="image desaturate" id="6574ac820f74e6e8e2bc382c" data-v-fb741989 data-v-753462ba></a></span></div></li><li class="person" data-v-0771b5f3><div class="size-small avatar" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-fb741989><span class="avatar" data-v-fb741989><a href="/people/andrei-kolesnikov?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor avatar-link" data-v-fb741989><img src="/static/media/avatars/Andrei_Kolesnikov.jpg" alt width="3744" height="5616" srcset sizes class="image desaturate" id="65749d410f74e6e8e2b7274a" data-v-fb741989 data-v-753462ba></a></span></div></li></ul><ul class="names" data-v-0771b5f3><li class="name" data-v-0771b5f3><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-239cd353><a href="/people/denis-volkov?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-0771b5f3>Denis Volkov</a>, </span></li><li class="name" data-v-0771b5f3><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography" data-v-0771b5f3 data-v-239cd353><a href="/people/andrei-kolesnikov?center=russia-eurasia" class="anchor" data-v-0771b5f3>Andrei Kolesnikov</a></span></li></ul></div><span class="body-micro direction-ltr typography publication-date" data-v-537d1ed4 data-v-239cd353>· November 28, 2023</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="pagination" data-v-0ec788be><div style="" class="pagination" 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