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<span>Phylogeny</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Phylogeny-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Systematics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Systematics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Systematics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Systematics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Systematics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Systematics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Evolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Evolution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Evolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Classification_of_the_extant_carnivorans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classification_of_the_extant_carnivorans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Classification of the extant carnivorans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Classification_of_the_extant_carnivorans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anatomy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anatomy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Anatomy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Anatomy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Anatomy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Anatomy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Skull" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skull"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Skull</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Skull-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Postcranial_region" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Postcranial_region"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Postcranial region</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Postcranial_region-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sexual_dimorphism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sexual_dimorphism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Sexual dimorphism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sexual_dimorphism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relationship_with_humans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relationship_with_humans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Relationship with humans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relationship_with_humans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Carnivora</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 122 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-122" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">122 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%81%D1%8D%D1%83%D1%89%D1%85%D1%8C%D1%8D%D1%88%D1%85%D1%85%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Псэущхьэшххэр – Kabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Псэущхьэшххэр" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roofdier" title="Roofdier – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Roofdier" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B5%E1%8C%8B%E1%89%A0%E1%88%8D" title="ስጋበል – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ስጋበል" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi%C3%A4tuelleeh" title="Piätuelleeh – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Piätuelleeh" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%85_(%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A9)" title="لواحم (رتبة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لواحم (رتبة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Carnivora" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Carnivora" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%85%D3%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB_%D1%85%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="ВахӀшиял хӀайванал – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="ВахӀшиял хӀайванал" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C4%B1rt%C4%B1c%C4%B1lar" title="Yırtıcılar – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yırtıcılar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="ییرتیجیلار – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ییرتیجیلار" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97" title="শ্বাপদ বর্গ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="শ্বাপদ বর্গ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chia%CC%8Dh-bah-bo%CC%8Dk" title="Chia̍h-bah-bo̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chia̍h-bah-bo̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Драпежныя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Драпежныя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Драпежныя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Драпежныя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Хищници – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хищници" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zvijeri" title="Zvijeri – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Zvijeri" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kigdebrer" title="Kigdebrer – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kigdebrer" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carn%C3%ADvors" title="Carnívors – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Carnívors" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87%C4%83%D1%82%D0%BA%C4%83%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Çăткăннисем – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Çăткăннисем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Carnivora" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0elmy" title="Šelmy – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Šelmy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ysglyfaethwr" title="Ysglyfaethwr – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ysglyfaethwr" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rovdyr_(orden)" title="Rovdyr (orden) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rovdyr (orden)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%8A%DA%A4%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="كارنيڤورات – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="كارنيڤورات" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raubtiere" title="Raubtiere – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Raubtiere" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bidi%C5%82_Daazdo%C3%ADg%C3%AD%C3%AD_d%C3%B3%C3%B3_Da%CA%BCalgha%C5%82%C3%ADg%C3%AD%C3%AD" title="Bidił Daazdoígíí dóó Daʼalghałígíí – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Bidił Daazdoígíí dóó Daʼalghałígíí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubja%C5%BEne_zw%C4%9Brjeta" title="Rubjažne zwěrjeta – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Rubjažne zwěrjeta" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiskjalised" title="Kiskjalised – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kiskjalised" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%B1" title="Σαρκοφάγα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σαρκοφάγα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Carnivora" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karnoman%C4%9Duloj" title="Karnomanĝuloj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Karnomanĝuloj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Carnivora" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karniboro" title="Karniboro – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Karniboro" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B4%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="گوشت‌خوارسانان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گوشت‌خوارسانان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1nsdj%C3%B3r" title="Ránsdjór – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Ránsdjór" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Carnivora" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B4fdieren" title="Rôfdieren – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Rôfdieren" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Carnivora" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carn%C3%ADvoros" title="Carnívoros – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Carnívoros" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B0" title="Дулхах дажа – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Дулхах дажа" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%9D%EC%9C%A1%EB%AA%A9" title="식육목 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="식육목" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%AB%D5%B7%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%B9%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Գիշատիչներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գիշատիչներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3" title="मांसाहारी गण – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मांसाहारी गण" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubje%C5%BEne_zw%C4%9Brjata" title="Rubježne zwěrjata – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Rubježne zwěrjata" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zvijeri" title="Zvijeri – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Zvijeri" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE" title="মাহুখাকুরা – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মাহুখাকুরা" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Carnivora" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivoros" title="Carnivoros – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Carnivoros" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1nd%C3%BDr" title="Rándýr – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Rándýr" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Carnivora" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9D" title="טורפים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טורפים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="მტაცებლები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მტაცებლები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%82%D2%9B%D1%8B%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Жыртқыштар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жыртқыштар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kigdevoryer" title="Kigdevoryer – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kigdevoryer" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walanyama" title="Walanyama – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Walanyama" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cottoradunol_(Carnivora)" title="Cottoradunol (Carnivora) – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Cottoradunol (Carnivora)" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Go%C5%9Ftxwer" title="Goştxwer – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Goştxwer" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%8B%D1%87%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Жырткычтар – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Жырткычтар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D3%B9%D0%BB_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%BB%D3%93" title="Шӹл качшывлӓ – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Шӹл качшывлӓ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B5%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%99" title="ສັດກິນຊີ້ນ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ສັດກິນຊີ້ນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora_(mammalia)" title="Carnivora (mammalia) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Carnivora (mammalia)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pl%C4%93s%C4%93ji" title="Plēsēji – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Plēsēji" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raubd%C3%A9ieren" title="Raubdéieren – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Raubdéieren" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pl%C4%97%C5%A1rieji_%C5%BEinduoliai" title="Plėšrieji žinduoliai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Plėšrieji žinduoliai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Carnivora" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roufdiere" title="Roufdiere – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Roufdiere" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ragadoz%C3%B3k" title="Ragadozók – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ragadozók" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%85%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Ѕверови – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ѕверови" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B1" title="കാർണിവോറ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കാർണിവോറ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="მახვამილაფარეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მახვამილაფარეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%85" title="لواحم – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لواحم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Carnivora" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roofdieren" title="Roofdieren – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Roofdieren" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E8%82%89%E7%9B%AE" title="食肉目 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="食肉目" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruuwdiarten" title="Ruuwdiarten – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Ruuwdiarten" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rovpattedyr" title="Rovpattedyr – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rovpattedyr" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rovpattedyr" title="Rovpattedyr – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Rovpattedyr" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Carnivora" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Carnivora" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Carnivora" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%88%D0%BE" title="Шылгочшо – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Шылгочшо" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yirtqichlar" title="Yirtqichlar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Yirtqichlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_%DA%A9%DA%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%92" title="ماس کھانے – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ماس کھانے" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%88%DA%9A%D9%87_%D8%AE%D9%88%DA%93%D9%88%D9%86%DA%A9%D9%8A" title="غوښه خوړونکي – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="غوښه خوړونکي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%91%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Лёквиррез – Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Лёквиррез" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roofdeerter" title="Roofdeerter – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Roofdeerter" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drapie%C5%BCne" title="Drapieżne – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Drapieżne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carn%C3%ADvoros" title="Carnívoros – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Carnívoros" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%B1rtq%C4%B1shlar" title="Jırtqıshlar – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Jırtqıshlar" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivore" title="Carnivore – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Carnivore" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aycha_uquq_%C3%B1u%C3%B1uq" title="Aycha uquq ñuñuq – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Aycha uquq ñuñuq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5" title="Хищные – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хищные" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%8D%D1%85_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Сиэмэх кыыллар аймахтара – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Сиэмэх кыыллар аймахтара" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Carnivora" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roowdierte" title="Roowdierte – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Roowdierte" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rendi_i_mishngr%C3%ABn%C3%ABsve" title="Rendi i mishngrënësve – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Rendi i mishngrënësve" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Carnivora" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Carnivora" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A4so%C5%BEravce_(cicavce)" title="Mäsožravce (cicavce) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mäsožravce (cicavce)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zveri" title="Zveri – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Zveri" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Звери – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Звери" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zvijeri" title="Zvijeri – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Zvijeri" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Carnivora" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petoel%C3%A4imet" title="Petoeläimet – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Petoeläimet" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rovdjur" title="Rovdjur – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rovdjur" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Carnivora" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8A%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BF_(%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88)" title="ஊனுண்ணி (வரிசை) – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஊனுண்ணி (வரிசை)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timseksumin" title="Timseksumin – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Timseksumin" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ерткычлар – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ерткычлар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="మాంసాహారులు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మాంసాహారులు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD" title="อันดับสัตว์กินเนื้อ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อันดับสัตว์กินเนื้อ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Et%C3%A7iller" title="Etçiller – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Etçiller" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B6%D1%96" title="Хижі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хижі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B4%D8%AA_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1" title="گوشت خور جانور – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="گوشت خور جانور" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BB%99_%C4%82n_th%E1%BB%8Bt" title="Bộ Ăn thịt – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bộ Ăn thịt" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roofb%C3%AAestn" title="Roofbêestn – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Roofbêestn" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Carnivora" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E8%82%89%E7%9B%AE" title="食肉目 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="食肉目" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E8%82%89%E7%9B%AE" title="食肉目 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="食肉目" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Go%C5%9Ftweri" title="Goştweri – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Goştweri" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roofdier%27n" title="Roofdier'n – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Roofdier'n" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E8%82%89%E7%9B%AE" title="食肉目 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="食肉目" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q25306#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For information on all meat-eating organisms, see <a href="/wiki/Carnivores" class="mw-redirect" title="Carnivores">Carnivores</a>. For the alternative medicine "Carnivorans", see <a href="/wiki/Venus_flytrap#In_alternative_medicine" title="Venus flytrap">Venus flytrap § In alternative medicine</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Carnivorans<br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">Temporal range: <span class="noprint"><span style="display:inline-block;"></span><span style="display:inline-block;">51.88–0 <a href="/wiki/Megaannum" class="mw-redirect" title="Megaannum">Ma</a></span> <span style="display:inline-block;"></span><div id="Timeline-row" style="margin: 4px auto 0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:18px; overflow:visible; white-space:nowrap; border:1px #666; border-style:solid none; position:relative; z-index:0; font-size:97%;"> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; left:0px; width:207.23076923077px; padding-left:5px; text-align:left; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255,255,255,1), rgba(254,217,106,1) 15%, rgba(254,217,106,1));"><a href="/wiki/Precambrian" title="Precambrian">PreꞒ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,160,86); left:37.636923076923px; width:18.073846153846px;"><a href="/wiki/Cambrian" title="Cambrian">Ꞓ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,146,112); left:55.710769230769px; width:14.08px;"><a href="/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician">O</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(179,225,182); left:69.790769230769px; width:8.3261538461539px;"><a href="/wiki/Silurian" title="Silurian">S</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(203,140,55); left:78.116923076923px; width:20.409230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Devonian" title="Devonian">D</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(103,165,153); left:98.526153846154px; width:20.307692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Carboniferous" title="Carboniferous">C</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(240,64,40); left:118.83384615385px; width:15.907015384615px;"><a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">P</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(129,43,146); left:134.74086153846px; width:17.092984615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic">T</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(52,178,201); left:151.83384615385px; width:19.089230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Jurassic" title="Jurassic">J</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,198,78); left:170.92307692308px; width:26.738461538462px;"><a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">K</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(253,154,82); left:197.66153846154px; width:14.543692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Pg</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(255,230,25); left:212.20523076923px; width:6.9215384615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Neogene" title="Neogene">N</a></div> <div id="end-border" style="position:absolute; height:100%; background-color:#666; width:1px; left:219px"></div><div style="margin:0 auto; line-height:0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:8px; overflow:visible; background-color:transparent; position:relative; top:-4px; z-index:100;"><div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:197.66153846154px; width:22.338461538462px; background-color:#360; opacity:0.42;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:202.44061538462px; width:17.559384615385px; background-color:#360; opacity:1;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; top:1px; left:203.44061538462px; width:15.559384615385px; background-color:#6c3;"></div> </div> </div></span><a href="/wiki/Early_Eocene" class="mw-redirect" title="Early Eocene">Early Eocene</a>-<a href="/wiki/Holocene" title="Holocene">Holocene</a><sup id="cite_ref-Foley-Mason2023_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Foley-Mason2023-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><figure class="noresize mw-ext-imagemap-desc-bottom-right" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Carnivora_portraits.jpg/300px-Carnivora_portraits.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="562" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Carnivora_portraits.jpg/450px-Carnivora_portraits.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Carnivora_portraits.jpg/600px-Carnivora_portraits.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1192" data-file-height="2232" usemap="#ImageMap_4cfdbfc2a17fbe4a" resource="/wiki/File:Carnivora_portraits.jpg" /></span><map name="ImageMap_4cfdbfc2a17fbe4a"><area href="/wiki/Cheetah" shape="rect" coords="146,122,0,0" alt="Cheetah" title="Cheetah" /><area href="/wiki/Brown_bear" shape="rect" coords="147,0,300,122" alt="Brown bear" title="Brown bear" /><area href="/wiki/Spotted_hyena" shape="rect" coords="0,122,145,245" alt="Spotted hyena" title="Spotted hyena" /><area href="/wiki/Wolf" shape="rect" coords="146,123,300,244" alt="Wolf" title="Wolf" /><area href="/wiki/Binturong" shape="rect" coords="0,245,145,349" alt="Binturong" title="Binturong" /><area href="/wiki/Raccoon" shape="rect" coords="147,245,300,349" alt="Raccoon" title="Raccoon" /><area href="/wiki/Indian_grey_mongoose" shape="rect" coords="0,350,145,454" alt="Indian grey mongoose" title="Indian grey mongoose" /><area href="/wiki/American_mink" shape="rect" coords="146,350,299,455" alt="American mink" title="American mink" /><area href="/wiki/Fossa_(animal)" shape="rect" coords="0,456,145,562" alt="Fossa" title="Fossa" /><area href="/wiki/Walrus" shape="rect" coords="146,456,300,562" alt="Walrus" title="Walrus" /></map><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Various carnivorans, with <a href="/wiki/Feliform" class="mw-redirect" title="Feliform">feliforms</a> to the left, and <a href="/wiki/Caniform" class="mw-redirect" title="Caniform">caniforms</a> to the right </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Carnivora" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carnivoramorpha" title="Carnivoramorpha">Carnivoramorpha</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carnivoraformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Carnivoraformes">Carnivoraformes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Carnivora</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Edward_Bowdich" title="Thomas Edward Bowdich">Bowdich</a>, 1821<sup id="cite_ref-Bowditch,_T._E_1821._pages_24,_33_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bowditch,_T._E_1821._pages_24,_33-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Suborders </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caniformia" title="Caniformia">Caniformia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feliformia" title="Feliformia">Feliformia</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Carnivora_Distribution.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Carnivora_Distribution.png/250px-Carnivora_Distribution.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Carnivora_Distribution.png/375px-Carnivora_Distribution.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Carnivora_Distribution.png/500px-Carnivora_Distribution.png 2x" data-file-width="3851" data-file-height="1855" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">The extant distribution and density of Carnivora species. </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>list of synonyms:</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Caniformes <span style="font-size:85%;">(Zagorodniuk, 2008)</span><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Carnaria <span style="font-size:85%;">(Haeckel, 1866)</span><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Carnassidentia <span style="font-size:85%;">(Wortman, 1901)</span><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Carnivoramorphia <span style="font-size:85%;">(Kalandadze & Rautian, 1992)</span><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Carnivores <span style="font-size:85%;">(Cuvier, 1817)</span><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Carnivori <span style="font-size:85%;">(Vieq d'Azyr, 1792)</span><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Carnivorida <span style="font-size:85%;">(Pearse, 1936)</span><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Carnivoriformes <span style="font-size:85%;">(Kinman, 1994)</span><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Carnivoripedida <span style="font-size:85%;">(Vyalov, 1966)</span><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Cynofeliformia <span style="font-size:85%;">(Ginsburg, 1982)</span> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Cynofeloidea <span style="font-size:85%;">(Hough, 1953)</span><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Cynosia <span style="font-size:85%;">(Rafinesque, 1815)</span><sup id="cite_ref-Rafinesque1815_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rafinesque1815-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Digitigrada <span style="font-size:85%;">(Illiger, 1811)</span><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Digitigradae <span style="font-size:85%;">(Gray, 1821)</span><sup id="cite_ref-Gray1821_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gray1821-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Eucarnivora <span style="font-size:85%;">(Mekayev, 2002)</span><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Ferae <span style="font-size:85%;">(Linnaeus, 1758)</span><sup id="cite_ref-Linnaeus1758_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Linnaeus1758-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Fissipeda <span style="font-size:85%;">(Blumenbach, 1791)</span><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Neocarnivora <span style="font-size:85%;">(Radinsky, 1977)</span><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Plantigrada <span style="font-size:85%;">(Illiger, 1811)</span> </li></ul> </div> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><b>Carnivora</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ɑːr/: 'ar' in 'far'">ɑːr</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/ər/: 'er' in 'letter'">ər</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">kar-<span style="font-size:90%">NIH</span>-vər-ə</i></a>) is an <a href="/wiki/Order_(biology)" title="Order (biology)">order</a> of <a href="/wiki/Placentalia" title="Placentalia">placental mammals</a> that have specialized in primarily eating flesh, whose members are formally referred to as <b>carnivorans</b>. The order Carnivora is the sixth largest order of mammals,<sup id="cite_ref-ASM_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASM-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> comprising at least 279 <a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a> on every major landmass and in a variety of habitats, ranging from the cold <a href="/wiki/Polar_regions_of_Earth" title="Polar regions of Earth">polar regions of Earth</a> to the hyper-arid region of the <a href="/wiki/Sahara_Desert" class="mw-redirect" title="Sahara Desert">Sahara Desert</a> and the open seas. Carnivorans exhibit a wide array of body plans, varying greatly in size and shape. </p><p>Carnivora are divided into two <a href="/wiki/Suborder" class="mw-redirect" title="Suborder">suborders</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Feliformia" title="Feliformia">Feliformia</a>, containing the true <a href="/wiki/Felid" class="mw-redirect" title="Felid">felids</a> and several <span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Cat" title="Cat">cat</a>-like"</span> animals; and the <a href="/wiki/Caniformia" title="Caniformia">Caniformia</a>, containing the true <a href="/wiki/Canid" class="mw-redirect" title="Canid">canids</a> and many <span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Dog" title="Dog">dog</a>-like"</span> animals. The feliforms include the <a href="/wiki/Felidae" title="Felidae">Felidae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Viverridae" title="Viverridae">Viverridae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hyena" title="Hyena">hyena</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mongoose" title="Mongoose">mongoose</a> families, the majority of which live only in the Old World; cats are the only exception, occurring in the old world and the new world, entering the Americas via the Bering Land Bridge. The caniforms include the <a href="/wiki/Caninae" title="Caninae">Caninae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Procyonidae" title="Procyonidae">Procyonidae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bear" title="Bear">bears</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mustelid" class="mw-redirect" title="Mustelid">mustelids</a>, <a href="/wiki/Skunk" title="Skunk">skunks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pinniped" title="Pinniped">pinnipeds</a> that occur worldwide with immense diversity in their morphology, diet and behavior. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnivora&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word <i>carnivore</i> is derived from <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> <i>carō</i> (stem <i>carn-</i>) 'flesh' and <i>vorāre</i> 'to devour', and refers to any meat-eating organism. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Phylogeny">Phylogeny</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnivora&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Phylogeny"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The oldest known carnivoran line mammals (<a href="/wiki/Carnivoramorpha" title="Carnivoramorpha">Carnivoramorpha</a>) appeared in <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a> 6 million years after the <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous%E2%80%93Paleogene_extinction_event" title="Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event">Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-hunter2018_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hunter2018-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Polly_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Polly-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These early ancestors of carnivorans would have resembled small weasel or <a href="/wiki/Genet_(animal)" title="Genet (animal)">genet</a>-like mammals, occupying a nocturnal shift on the forest floor or in the trees, as other groups of mammals like the <a href="/wiki/Mesonychia" title="Mesonychia">mesonychians</a> and later the <a href="/wiki/Creodont" class="mw-redirect" title="Creodont">creodonts</a> were occupying the megafaunal faunivorous niche. However, following the extinction of mesonychians and the <a href="/wiki/Oxyaenidae" title="Oxyaenidae">oxyaenid</a> creodonts at the end of the Eocene, carnivorans quickly moved into this niche, with forms like the <a href="/wiki/Nimravidae" title="Nimravidae">nimravids</a> being the dominant large-bodied ambush predators during the Oligocene alongside the <a href="/wiki/Hyaenodonta" title="Hyaenodonta">hyaenodont</a> creodonts (which similarly produced larger, more open-country forms at the start of the Oligocene). By the time <a href="/wiki/Miocene" title="Miocene">Miocene</a> epoch appeared, most if not all of the major lineages and families of carnivorans had diversified and become the most dominant group of large terrestrial predators in Eurasia and North America, with various lineages being successful in megafaunal faunivorous niches at different intervals during the Miocene and later epochs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Systematics">Systematics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnivora&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Systematics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Evolution">Evolution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnivora&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Evolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tapocyon_robustus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Tapocyon_robustus.jpg/220px-Tapocyon_robustus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Tapocyon_robustus.jpg/330px-Tapocyon_robustus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Tapocyon_robustus.jpg/440px-Tapocyon_robustus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>Life reconstruction of <i><a href="/wiki/Tapocyon" title="Tapocyon">Tapocyon</a> robustus</i>, a species of <a href="/wiki/Miacidae" title="Miacidae">miacid</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The order Carnivora belongs to a group of mammals known as <a href="/wiki/Laurasiatheria" title="Laurasiatheria">Laurasiatheria</a>, which also includes other groups such as <a href="/wiki/Bat" title="Bat">bats</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ungulate" title="Ungulate">ungulates</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tsagkogeorga2013_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tsagkogeorga2013-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within this group the carnivorans are placed in the clade <a href="/wiki/Ferae" title="Ferae">Ferae</a>. Ferae includes the closest extant relative of carnivorans, the <a href="/wiki/Pangolin" title="Pangolin">pangolins</a>, as well as several extinct groups of mostly <a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Paleogene</a> carnivorous placentals such as the <a href="/wiki/Creodonta" title="Creodonta">creodonts</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Arctocyonia" title="Arctocyonia">arctocyonians</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mesonychia" title="Mesonychia">mesonychians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HallidayUpchurch2015_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HallidayUpchurch2015-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The creodonts were originally thought of as the sister taxon to the carnivorans, perhaps even ancestral to, based on the presence of the <a href="/wiki/Carnassial" title="Carnassial">carnassial teeth</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the nature of the carnassial teeth is different between the two groups. In carnivorans the carnassials are positioned near the front of the molar row, while in the creodonts they are positioned near the back of the molar row,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and this suggests a separate evolutionary history and an order-level distinction.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, recent phylogenetic analysis suggests that creodonts are more closely related to pangolins while mesonychians might be the sister group to carnivorans and their stem-relatives.<sup id="cite_ref-HallidayUpchurch2015_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HallidayUpchurch2015-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The closest stem-carnivorans are the <a href="/wiki/Miacoidea" title="Miacoidea">miacoids</a>. The miacoids include the families <a href="/wiki/Viverravidae" title="Viverravidae">Viverravidae</a> and <a href="/wiki/Miacidae" title="Miacidae">Miacidae</a>, and together the Carnivora and Miacoidea form the stem-clade <a href="/wiki/Carnivoramorpha" title="Carnivoramorpha">Carnivoramorpha</a>. The miacoids were small, genet-like carnivoramorphs that occupy a variety of niches such as terrestrial and arboreal habitats. Recent studies have shown a supporting amount of evidence that Miacoidea is an evolutionary grade of carnivoramorphs that, while viverravids are monophyletic basal group, the miacids are paraphyletic in respect to Carnivora (as shown in the phylogeny below).<sup id="cite_ref-Bryant2004_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bryant2004-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-asdff_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-asdff-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carnivoramorpha as a whole first appeared in the <a href="/wiki/Paleocene" title="Paleocene">Paleocene</a> of North America about 60 million years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-Polly_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Polly-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Crown carnivorans first appeared around 42 million years ago in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Eocene" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle Eocene">Middle Eocene</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Heinrich2008_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heinrich2008-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their molecular phylogeny shows the extant Carnivora are a <a href="/wiki/Monophyletic" class="mw-redirect" title="Monophyletic">monophyletic</a> group, the <a href="/wiki/Crown_group" title="Crown group">crown group</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Carnivoramorpha" title="Carnivoramorpha">Carnivoramorpha</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Eizirik,_E._2010_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eizirik,_E._2010-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From there carnivorans have split into two clades based on the composition of the bony structures that surround the middle ear of the skull, the cat-like <a href="/wiki/Feliformia" title="Feliformia">feliforms</a> and the dog-like <a href="/wiki/Caniformia" title="Caniformia">caniforms</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WangTedford2008_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WangTedford2008-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In feliforms, the auditory bullae are double-chambered, composed of two bones joined by a <a href="/wiki/Septum" title="Septum">septum</a>. Caniforms have single-chambered or partially divided auditory bullae, composed of a single bone.<sup id="cite_ref-Ewer1973_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ewer1973-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Initially, the early representatives of carnivorans were small as the creodonts (specifically, the oxyaenids) and mesonychians dominated the apex predator niches during the Eocene, but in the Oligocene, carnivorans became a dominant group of apex predators with the <a href="/wiki/Nimravidae" title="Nimravidae">nimravids</a>, and by the <a href="/wiki/Miocene" title="Miocene">Miocene</a> most of the extant carnivoran families have diversified and become the primary terrestrial predators in the Northern Hemisphere. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Classification_of_the_extant_carnivorans">Classification of the extant carnivorans</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnivora&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Classification of the extant carnivorans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_carnivorans" title="List of carnivorans">List of carnivorans</a></div> <p>In 1758, the <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Swedish</a> <a href="/wiki/Botanist" class="mw-redirect" title="Botanist">botanist</a> <a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">Carl Linnaeus</a> placed all carnivorans known at the time into the group <a href="/wiki/Mammalia_in_the_10th_edition_of_Systema_Naturae#Ferae" title="Mammalia in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae">Ferae</a> (not to be confused with the modern concept of Ferae which also includes pangolins) in the <a href="/wiki/10th_edition_of_Systema_Naturae" title="10th edition of Systema Naturae">tenth edition</a> of his book <i><a href="/wiki/Systema_Naturae" title="Systema Naturae">Systema Naturae</a></i>. He recognized six genera: <i><a href="/wiki/Canis" title="Canis">Canis</a></i> (canids and hyaenids), <i><a href="/wiki/Phoca" title="Phoca">Phoca</a></i> (pinnipeds), <i><a href="/wiki/Felis" title="Felis">Felis</a></i> (felids), <i><a href="/wiki/Viverra" title="Viverra">Viverra</a></i> (viverrids, herpestids, and mephitids), <i><a href="/wiki/Mustela" class="mw-redirect" title="Mustela">Mustela</a></i> (non-badger mustelids), <i><a href="/wiki/Ursus_(genus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ursus (genus)">Ursus</a></i> (ursids, large species of mustelids, and procyonids).<sup id="cite_ref-Linnaeus1758_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Linnaeus1758-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was not until 1821 that the English writer and traveler <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Edward_Bowdich" title="Thomas Edward Bowdich">Thomas Edward Bowdich</a> gave the group its modern and accepted name.<sup id="cite_ref-Bowditch,_T._E_1821._pages_24,_33_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bowditch,_T._E_1821._pages_24,_33-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Initially, the modern concept of Carnivora was divided into two suborders: the terrestrial <b>Fissipedia</b> and the marine <a href="/wiki/Pinnipedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinnipedia">Pinnipedia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-simpson1945_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-simpson1945-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Below is the classification of how the extant families were related to each other after American paleontologist <a href="/wiki/George_Gaylord_Simpson" title="George Gaylord Simpson">George Gaylord Simpson</a> in 1945:<sup id="cite_ref-simpson1945_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-simpson1945-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Order Carnivora <small>Bowdich, 1821</small> <ul><li>Suborder <a href="/wiki/Fissipedia" title="Fissipedia">Fissipedia</a> <small>Blumenbach, 1791</small> <ul><li>Superfamily <a href="/wiki/Caniformia" title="Caniformia">Canoidea</a> <small>G. Fischer de Waldheim, 1817</small> <ul><li>Family <a href="/wiki/Canidae" title="Canidae">Canidae</a> <small>G. Fischer de Waldheim, 1817</small> – dogs</li> <li>Family <a href="/wiki/Ursidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Ursidae">Ursidae</a> <small>G. Fischer de Waldheim, 1817</small> – bears</li> <li>Family <a href="/wiki/Procyonidae" title="Procyonidae">Procyonidae</a> <small>Bonaparte, 1850</small> – raccoons and pandas</li> <li>Family <a href="/wiki/Mustelidae" title="Mustelidae">Mustelidae</a> <small>G. Fischer de Waldheim, 1817</small> – skunks, badgers, otters, and weasels</li></ul></li> <li>Superfamily <a href="/wiki/Feliformia" title="Feliformia">Feloidea</a> <small>G. Fischer de Waldheim, 1817</small> <ul><li>Family <a href="/wiki/Viverridae" title="Viverridae">Viverridae</a> <small>J. E. Gray, 1821</small> – civets and mongooses</li> <li>Family <a href="/wiki/Hyaenidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyaenidae">Hyaenidae</a> <small>J. E. Gray, 1821</small> – hyenas</li> <li>Family <a href="/wiki/Felidae" title="Felidae">Felidae</a> <small>G. Fischer de Waldheim, 1817</small> – cats</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Suborder <a href="/wiki/Pinnipedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinnipedia">Pinnipedia</a> <small> Iliger, 1811</small> <ul><li>Family <a href="/wiki/Otariidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Otariidae">Otariidae</a> <small>J. E. Gray, 1825</small> – eared seals</li> <li>Family <a href="/wiki/Odobenidae" title="Odobenidae">Odobenidae</a> <small>J. A. Allen, 1880</small> – walrus</li> <li>Family <a href="/wiki/Phocidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Phocidae">Phocidae</a> <small>J. E. Gray, 1821</small> – earless seals</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <p>Since then, however, the methods in which mammalogists use to assess the phylogenetic relationships among the carnivoran families has been improved with using more complicated and intensive incorporation of genetics, morphology and the fossil record. Research into Carnivora phylogeny since 1945 has found Fisspedia to be paraphyletic in respect to Pinnipedia,<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with pinnipeds being either more closely related to bears or to weasels.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Higdon_2007_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Higdon_2007-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The small carnivoran families Viverridae,<sup id="cite_ref-rspb2003_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rspb2003-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Procyonidae, and Mustelidae have been found to be <a href="/wiki/Polyphyletic" class="mw-redirect" title="Polyphyletic">polyphyletic</a>: </p> <ul><li>Mongooses and a handful of <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Malagasy</a> endemic species are found to be in a clade with hyenas, with the Malagasy species being in their own family <a href="/wiki/Eupleridae" title="Eupleridae">Eupleridae</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Yoder_&_Flynn_2003_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yoder_&_Flynn_2003-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Yoder_et_al_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yoder_et_al-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gaubert_et_al_2005_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gaubert_et_al_2005-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The African palm civet is a basal cat-like carnivoran.<sup id="cite_ref-MPE_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPE-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Linsang" title="Linsang">linsang</a> is more closely related to cats.<sup id="cite_ref-HMW2009linsangs_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HMW2009linsangs-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Pandas are not procyonids nor are they a natural grouping.<sup id="cite_ref-Salesa_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Salesa-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The giant panda is a true bear<sup id="cite_ref-Yu2007_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yu2007-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-krause2008_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-krause2008-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the red panda is a distinct family.<sup id="cite_ref-Mehta2018_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mehta2018-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Skunks and stink badgers are placed in their own family, and are the sister group to a clade containing Ailuridae, Procyonidae and Mustelidae <i>sensu stricto</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mehta2018_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mehta2018-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Below is a table chart of the extant carnivoran families and number of extant species recognized by various authors of the first (2009<sup id="cite_ref-HMW2009_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HMW2009-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) and fourth (2014<sup id="cite_ref-HMW2014_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HMW2014-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) volumes of the <i>Handbook of the Mammals of the World</i>: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#c2c2a9"><b>Carnivora <small>Bowdich, 1821</small></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#d9d9c1"><b><a href="/wiki/Feliformia" title="Feliformia">Feliformia</a> <small>Kretzoi, 1945</small></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#ebebd2"><b><a href="/wiki/African_palm_civet" title="African palm civet">Nandinioidea</a> <small>Pocock, 1929</small></b> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Family</th> <th>English Name</th> <th>Distribution</th> <th>Number of Extant Species</th> <th>Type Taxon</th> <th>Image Figure </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_palm_civet" title="African palm civet">Nandiniidae</a> <small>Pocock, 1929</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/African_palm_civet" title="African palm civet">African palm civet</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sub-Saharan_Africa" title="Sub-Saharan Africa">Sub-Saharan Africa</a> </td> <td>1 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/African_palm_civet" title="African palm civet">Nandinia binotata</a></i> <small>(J. E. Gray, 1830)</small> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nandinia_binotata,_Manchester_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Nandinia_binotata%2C_Manchester_Museum.jpg/150px-Nandinia_binotata%2C_Manchester_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Nandinia_binotata%2C_Manchester_Museum.jpg/225px-Nandinia_binotata%2C_Manchester_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Nandinia_binotata%2C_Manchester_Museum.jpg/300px-Nandinia_binotata%2C_Manchester_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#ebebd2"><b><a href="/wiki/Feloidea" class="mw-redirect" title="Feloidea">Feloidea</a> <small>G. Fischer de Waldheim, 1817</small></b> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Family</th> <th>English Name</th> <th>Distribution</th> <th>Number of Extant Species</th> <th>Type Taxon</th> <th>Image Figure </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Felidae" title="Felidae">Felidae</a> <small>G. Fischer de Waldheim, 1817</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Felidae" title="Felidae">Cats</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Domestic_cats" class="mw-redirect" title="Domestic cats">domestic cats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tiger" title="Tiger">tigers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leopard" title="Leopard">leopards</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jaguar" title="Jaguar">jaguars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lion" title="Lion">lions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cheetah" title="Cheetah">cheetahs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ocelot" title="Ocelot">ocelots</a>, etc.) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a> (introduced to <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australasia" title="Australasia">Australasia</a> and several islands) </td> <td>37 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Cat" title="Cat">Felis catus</a></i> <small>Linnaeus, 1758</small> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Felis_catus-cat_on_snow.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Felis_catus-cat_on_snow.jpg/150px-Felis_catus-cat_on_snow.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Felis_catus-cat_on_snow.jpg/225px-Felis_catus-cat_on_snow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Felis_catus-cat_on_snow.jpg/300px-Felis_catus-cat_on_snow.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Prionodontidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Prionodontidae">Prionodontidae</a> <small>Horsfield, 1822</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asiatic_linsang" title="Asiatic linsang">Asiatic linsangs</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indomalayan_realm" title="Indomalayan realm">Indomalayan realm</a> </td> <td>2 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Banded_Linsang" class="mw-redirect" title="Banded Linsang">Prionodon linsang</a></i> <small>(Hardwicke, 1821)</small> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Prionodon_linsang_-_Museo_Civico_di_Storia_Naturale_Giacomo_Doria_-_Genoa,_Italy_-_DSC02704.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Prionodon_linsang_-_Museo_Civico_di_Storia_Naturale_Giacomo_Doria_-_Genoa%2C_Italy_-_DSC02704.JPG/150px-Prionodon_linsang_-_Museo_Civico_di_Storia_Naturale_Giacomo_Doria_-_Genoa%2C_Italy_-_DSC02704.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Prionodon_linsang_-_Museo_Civico_di_Storia_Naturale_Giacomo_Doria_-_Genoa%2C_Italy_-_DSC02704.JPG/225px-Prionodon_linsang_-_Museo_Civico_di_Storia_Naturale_Giacomo_Doria_-_Genoa%2C_Italy_-_DSC02704.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Prionodon_linsang_-_Museo_Civico_di_Storia_Naturale_Giacomo_Doria_-_Genoa%2C_Italy_-_DSC02704.JPG/300px-Prionodon_linsang_-_Museo_Civico_di_Storia_Naturale_Giacomo_Doria_-_Genoa%2C_Italy_-_DSC02704.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4843" data-file-height="2589" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#ebebd2"><b><a href="/wiki/Viverridae" title="Viverridae">Viverroidea</a> <small>J. E. Gray, 1821</small></b> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Family</th> <th>English Name</th> <th>Distribution</th> <th>Number of Extant Species</th> <th>Type Taxon</th> <th>Image Figure </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Viverridae" title="Viverridae">Viverridae</a> <small>J. E. Gray, 1821</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Civet" title="Civet">Civets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Genet_(animal)" title="Genet (animal)">genets</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Oyan" class="mw-redirect" title="Oyan">oyans</a> </td> <td>Southern <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indomalayan_realm" title="Indomalayan realm">Indomalayan realm</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a> (introduced to <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a>) </td> <td>34 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Large_Indian_civet" title="Large Indian civet">Viverra zibetha</a></i> <small>Linnaeus, 1758</small> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Large_Indian_Civet,_Viverra_zibetha_in_Kaeng_Krachan_national_park.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Large_Indian_Civet%2C_Viverra_zibetha_in_Kaeng_Krachan_national_park.jpg/150px-Large_Indian_Civet%2C_Viverra_zibetha_in_Kaeng_Krachan_national_park.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Large_Indian_Civet%2C_Viverra_zibetha_in_Kaeng_Krachan_national_park.jpg/225px-Large_Indian_Civet%2C_Viverra_zibetha_in_Kaeng_Krachan_national_park.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Large_Indian_Civet%2C_Viverra_zibetha_in_Kaeng_Krachan_national_park.jpg/300px-Large_Indian_Civet%2C_Viverra_zibetha_in_Kaeng_Krachan_national_park.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="1863" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#ebebd2"><b><a href="/wiki/Herpestoidea" title="Herpestoidea">Herpestoidea</a> <small>Bonaparte, 1845</small></b> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Family</th> <th>English Name</th> <th>Distribution</th> <th>Number of Extant Species</th> <th>Type Taxon</th> <th>Image Figure </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hyaenidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyaenidae">Hyaenidae</a> <small>J. E. Gray, 1821</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hyena" title="Hyena">Hyenas</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a> </td> <td>4 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Striped_Hyena" class="mw-redirect" title="Striped Hyena">Hyaena hyaena</a></i> <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hyena_at_chattbir_zoo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Hyena_at_chattbir_zoo.jpg/150px-Hyena_at_chattbir_zoo.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Hyena_at_chattbir_zoo.jpg/225px-Hyena_at_chattbir_zoo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Hyena_at_chattbir_zoo.jpg/300px-Hyena_at_chattbir_zoo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Herpestidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Herpestidae">Herpestidae</a> <small>Bonaparte, 1845</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mongoose" title="Mongoose">Mongooses</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a>, <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Indomalayan_realm" title="Indomalayan realm">Indomalayan realm</a> </td> <td>34 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_mongoose" title="Egyptian mongoose">Herpestes ichneumon</a></i> <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Herpestes_ichneumon_%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82,_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%B0,_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BC%D0%BE%CC%81%D0%BD.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Herpestes_ichneumon_%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%2C_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%B0%2C_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BC%D0%BE%CC%81%D0%BD.jpg/150px-Herpestes_ichneumon_%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%2C_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%B0%2C_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BC%D0%BE%CC%81%D0%BD.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Herpestes_ichneumon_%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%2C_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%B0%2C_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BC%D0%BE%CC%81%D0%BD.jpg/225px-Herpestes_ichneumon_%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%2C_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%B0%2C_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BC%D0%BE%CC%81%D0%BD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Herpestes_ichneumon_%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%2C_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%B0%2C_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BC%D0%BE%CC%81%D0%BD.jpg/300px-Herpestes_ichneumon_%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%2C_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%B0%2C_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BC%D0%BE%CC%81%D0%BD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="653" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Eupleridae" title="Eupleridae">Eupleridae</a> <small>Chenu, 1850</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Galidiinae" title="Galidiinae">Malagasy mongooses</a> and <a href="/wiki/Euplerinae" title="Euplerinae">civets</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a> </td> <td>8 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Eastern_falanouc" title="Eastern falanouc">Eupleres goudotii</a></i> <small>Doyère, 1835</small> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Eupleres_goudotii_-_Museo_Civico_di_Storia_Naturale_Giacomo_Doria_-_Genoa,_Italy_-_DSC02711.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Eupleres_goudotii_-_Museo_Civico_di_Storia_Naturale_Giacomo_Doria_-_Genoa%2C_Italy_-_DSC02711.JPG/150px-Eupleres_goudotii_-_Museo_Civico_di_Storia_Naturale_Giacomo_Doria_-_Genoa%2C_Italy_-_DSC02711.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Eupleres_goudotii_-_Museo_Civico_di_Storia_Naturale_Giacomo_Doria_-_Genoa%2C_Italy_-_DSC02711.JPG/225px-Eupleres_goudotii_-_Museo_Civico_di_Storia_Naturale_Giacomo_Doria_-_Genoa%2C_Italy_-_DSC02711.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Eupleres_goudotii_-_Museo_Civico_di_Storia_Naturale_Giacomo_Doria_-_Genoa%2C_Italy_-_DSC02711.JPG/300px-Eupleres_goudotii_-_Museo_Civico_di_Storia_Naturale_Giacomo_Doria_-_Genoa%2C_Italy_-_DSC02711.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4765" data-file-height="3190" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#d9d9c1"><b><a href="/wiki/Caniformia" title="Caniformia">Caniformia</a> <small>Kretzoi, 1945</small></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#ebebd2"><b><a href="/wiki/Canoidea" class="mw-redirect" title="Canoidea">Canoidea</a> <small>G. Fischer de Waldheim, 1817</small></b> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Family</th> <th>English Name</th> <th>Distribution</th> <th>Number of Extant Species</th> <th>Type Taxon</th> <th>Image Figure </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Canidae" title="Canidae">Canidae</a> <small>G. Fischer de Waldheim, 1817</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Canidae" title="Canidae">Dogs</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Domestic_dog" class="mw-redirect" title="Domestic dog">domestic dogs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolf" title="Wolf">wolves</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fox" title="Fox">foxes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dingo" title="Dingo">dingoes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jackal" title="Jackal">jackals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coyote" title="Coyote">coyotes</a>, etc.) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a> (introduced to <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australasia" title="Australasia">Australasia</a> and several islands) </td> <td>35 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Dog" title="Dog">Canis familiaris</a></i> <small>Linnaeus, 1758</small> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2013072515020909_MyDogs_622.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/2013072515020909_MyDogs_622.jpg/150px-2013072515020909_MyDogs_622.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/2013072515020909_MyDogs_622.jpg/225px-2013072515020909_MyDogs_622.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/2013072515020909_MyDogs_622.jpg/300px-2013072515020909_MyDogs_622.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1623" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#ebebd2"><b><a href="/wiki/Ursoidea" title="Ursoidea">Ursoidea</a> <small>G. Fischer de Waldheim, 1817</small></b> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Family</th> <th>English Name</th> <th>Distribution</th> <th>Number of Extant Species</th> <th>Type Taxon</th> <th>Image Figure </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ursidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Ursidae">Ursidae</a> <small>G. Fischer de Waldheim, 1817</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bear" title="Bear">Bears</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a> </td> <td>8 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Brown_Bear" class="mw-redirect" title="Brown Bear">Ursus arctos</a></i> <small>Linnaeus, 1758</small> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kamchatka_Brown_Bear_near_Dvuhyurtochnoe_on_2015-07-23.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Kamchatka_Brown_Bear_near_Dvuhyurtochnoe_on_2015-07-23.jpg/150px-Kamchatka_Brown_Bear_near_Dvuhyurtochnoe_on_2015-07-23.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Kamchatka_Brown_Bear_near_Dvuhyurtochnoe_on_2015-07-23.jpg/225px-Kamchatka_Brown_Bear_near_Dvuhyurtochnoe_on_2015-07-23.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Kamchatka_Brown_Bear_near_Dvuhyurtochnoe_on_2015-07-23.jpg/300px-Kamchatka_Brown_Bear_near_Dvuhyurtochnoe_on_2015-07-23.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#ebebd2"><b><a href="/wiki/Pinniped" title="Pinniped">Phocoidea</a> <small>J. E. Gray, 1821</small></b> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Family</th> <th>English Name</th> <th>Distribution</th> <th>Number of Extant Species</th> <th>Type Taxon</th> <th>Image Figure </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Odobenidae" title="Odobenidae">Odobenidae</a> <small>J. A. Allen, 1880</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Walrus" title="Walrus">Walruses</a> </td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/North_Pole" title="North Pole">North Pole</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean" title="Arctic Ocean">Arctic Ocean</a> and <a href="/wiki/Subarctic" title="Subarctic">subarctic</a> seas of the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Hemisphere" title="Northern Hemisphere">Northern Hemisphere</a> </td> <td>1 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Walrus" title="Walrus">Odobenus rosmarus</a></i> <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Walrus2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Walrus2.jpg/150px-Walrus2.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Walrus2.jpg/225px-Walrus2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Walrus2.jpg/300px-Walrus2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2199" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Otariidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Otariidae">Otariidae</a> <small>J. E. Gray, 1825</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eared_seal" title="Eared seal">Eared seals</a> </td> <td>Subpolar, temperate, and equatorial waters throughout the <a href="/wiki/Pacific" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific">Pacific</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southern_Oceans" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Oceans">Southern</a> Oceans and the southern <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Atlantic" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlantic">Atlantic</a> Oceans </td> <td>15 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/South_American_sea_lion" title="South American sea lion">Otaria flavescens</a></i> <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Southern_Sea_Lions.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Southern_Sea_Lions.jpg/150px-Southern_Sea_Lions.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Southern_Sea_Lions.jpg/225px-Southern_Sea_Lions.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Southern_Sea_Lions.jpg/300px-Southern_Sea_Lions.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1956" data-file-height="1956" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Phocidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Phocidae">Phocidae</a> <small>J. E. Gray, 1821</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Earless_seal" title="Earless seal">Earless seals</a> </td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Sea" title="Sea">sea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lake_Baikal" title="Lake Baikal">Lake Baikal</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Harbor_Seal" class="mw-redirect" title="Harbor Seal">Phoca vitulina</a></i> <small>Linnaeus, 1758</small> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:White_harbor_seal_on_moss_by_Dave_Withrow,_NOAA.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/White_harbor_seal_on_moss_by_Dave_Withrow%2C_NOAA.png/150px-White_harbor_seal_on_moss_by_Dave_Withrow%2C_NOAA.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/White_harbor_seal_on_moss_by_Dave_Withrow%2C_NOAA.png/225px-White_harbor_seal_on_moss_by_Dave_Withrow%2C_NOAA.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/White_harbor_seal_on_moss_by_Dave_Withrow%2C_NOAA.png/300px-White_harbor_seal_on_moss_by_Dave_Withrow%2C_NOAA.png 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="497" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#ebebd2"><b><a href="/wiki/Musteloidea" title="Musteloidea">Musteloidea</a> <small>G. Fischer de Waldheim, 1817</small></b> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Family</th> <th>English Name</th> <th>Distribution</th> <th>Number of Extant Species</th> <th>Type Taxon</th> <th>Image Figure </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mephitidae" title="Mephitidae">Mephitidae</a> <small>Bonaparte, 1845</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Skunk" title="Skunk">Skunks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stink_badger" title="Stink badger">stink badgers</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a>, western <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> </td> <td>12 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Striped_Skunk" class="mw-redirect" title="Striped Skunk">Mephitis mephitis</a></i> <small>(Schreber, 1776)</small> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Skunk_about_to_spray.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Skunk_about_to_spray.jpg/150px-Skunk_about_to_spray.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Skunk_about_to_spray.jpg/225px-Skunk_about_to_spray.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Skunk_about_to_spray.jpg/300px-Skunk_about_to_spray.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1977" data-file-height="2408" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ailuridae" title="Ailuridae">Ailuridae</a> <small>J. E. Gray, 1843</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Red_panda" title="Red panda">Red panda</a> </td> <td>Eastern <a href="/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas">Himalayas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_China" title="Southwestern China">southwestern China</a> </td> <td>1 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Red_panda" title="Red panda">Ailurus fulgens</a></i> <small>F. Cuvier, 1825</small> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RedPanda_SingalilaNationalPark_DFrame.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/RedPanda_SingalilaNationalPark_DFrame.jpg/150px-RedPanda_SingalilaNationalPark_DFrame.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/RedPanda_SingalilaNationalPark_DFrame.jpg/225px-RedPanda_SingalilaNationalPark_DFrame.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/RedPanda_SingalilaNationalPark_DFrame.jpg/300px-RedPanda_SingalilaNationalPark_DFrame.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1121" data-file-height="896" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Procyonidae" title="Procyonidae">Procyonidae</a> <small>J. E. Gray, 1825</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Raccoon" title="Raccoon">Raccoons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olingo" class="mw-redirect" title="Olingo">olingos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ringtail" title="Ringtail">ringtails</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coati" title="Coati">coatis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cacomistle" title="Cacomistle">cacomistles</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kinkajou" title="Kinkajou">kinkajous</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a> (introduced to <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>) </td> <td>12 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Raccoon" title="Raccoon">Procyon lotor</a></i> <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Waschbaer_auf_dem_Dach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Waschbaer_auf_dem_Dach.jpg/150px-Waschbaer_auf_dem_Dach.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Waschbaer_auf_dem_Dach.jpg/225px-Waschbaer_auf_dem_Dach.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Waschbaer_auf_dem_Dach.jpg/300px-Waschbaer_auf_dem_Dach.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mustelidae" title="Mustelidae">Mustelidae</a> <small>G. Fischer de Waldheim, 1817</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Weasel" title="Weasel">Weasels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Otter" title="Otter">otters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolverine" title="Wolverine">wolverines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polecat" title="Polecat">polecats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Badger" title="Badger">badgers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marten" title="Marten">martens</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Galictis" title="Galictis">grisons</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a> (introduced to <a href="/wiki/Australasia" title="Australasia">Australasia</a> and several islands) </td> <td>57 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Stoat" title="Stoat">Mustela erminea</a></i> <small>Linnaeus, 1758</small> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stoat_-_RSPB_Sandy_(28058976023).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Stoat_-_RSPB_Sandy_%2828058976023%29.jpg/150px-Stoat_-_RSPB_Sandy_%2828058976023%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Stoat_-_RSPB_Sandy_%2828058976023%29.jpg/225px-Stoat_-_RSPB_Sandy_%2828058976023%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Stoat_-_RSPB_Sandy_%2828058976023%29.jpg/300px-Stoat_-_RSPB_Sandy_%2828058976023%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3500" data-file-height="2333" /></a></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Anatomy">Anatomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnivora&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Anatomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Skull">Skull</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnivora&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Skull"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Em_-_Cryptoprocta_ferox_-_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Em_-_Cryptoprocta_ferox_-_2.jpg/220px-Em_-_Cryptoprocta_ferox_-_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Em_-_Cryptoprocta_ferox_-_2.jpg/330px-Em_-_Cryptoprocta_ferox_-_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Em_-_Cryptoprocta_ferox_-_2.jpg/440px-Em_-_Cryptoprocta_ferox_-_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1952" data-file-height="1302" /></a><figcaption>Skull of a <a href="/wiki/Fossa_(animal)" title="Fossa (animal)">fossa</a> (<i>Cryptoprocta ferox</i>). Note the large and conical canine and <a href="/wiki/Carnassial" title="Carnassial">carnassial</a> teeth common in <a href="/wiki/Feliform" class="mw-redirect" title="Feliform">feliforms</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The canine teeth are usually large, conical, thick and stress resistant. All of the terrestrial species of carnivorans have three <a href="/wiki/Incisor" title="Incisor">incisors</a> on each side of each jaw (the exception is the <a href="/wiki/Sea_otter" title="Sea otter">sea otter</a> (<i>Enhydra lutris</i>) which only has two lower incisor teeth).<sup id="cite_ref-WalkersCarnivores_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WalkersCarnivores-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The third <a href="/wiki/Molar_(tooth)" title="Molar (tooth)">molar</a> has been lost. The carnassial pair is made up of the fourth upper premolar and the first lower molar teeth. Like most mammals, the dentition is <a href="/wiki/Heterodont" title="Heterodont">heterodont</a>, though in some species, such as the <a href="/wiki/Aardwolf" title="Aardwolf">aardwolf</a> (<i>Proteles cristata</i>), the teeth have been greatly reduced and the cheek teeth are specialised for eating insects. In pinnipeds, the teeth are <a href="/wiki/Homodont" class="mw-redirect" title="Homodont">homodont</a> as they have evolved to grasp or catch fish, and the cheek teeth are often lost.<sup id="cite_ref-MammalogyCarnivores_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MammalogyCarnivores-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In bears and raccoons, the carnassial pair is secondarily reduced.<sup id="cite_ref-MammalogyCarnivores_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MammalogyCarnivores-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The skulls are heavily built with a strong <a href="/wiki/Zygomatic_arch" title="Zygomatic arch">zygomatic arch</a>. Often a <a href="/wiki/Sagittal_crest" title="Sagittal crest">sagittal crest</a> is present, sometimes more evident in sexually dimorphic species such as <a href="/wiki/Sea_lion" title="Sea lion">sea lions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fur_seal" title="Fur seal">fur seals</a>, though it has also been greatly reduced in some small carnivorans.<sup id="cite_ref-MammalogyCarnivores_58-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MammalogyCarnivores-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Braincase" class="mw-redirect" title="Braincase">braincase</a> is enlarged with the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frontoparietal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frontoparietal (page does not exist)">frontoparietal</a> bone at the front. In most species, the eyes are at the front of the face. In caniforms, the <a href="/wiki/Rostrum_(anatomy)" title="Rostrum (anatomy)">rostrum</a> is usually long with many teeth, while in feliforms it is shorter with fewer teeth. The carnassial teeth of feliforms are generally more sectional than those of caniforms. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Turbinates" class="mw-redirect" title="Turbinates">turbinates</a> are large and complex in comparison to other mammals, providing a large surface area for <a href="/wiki/Olfactory_receptors" class="mw-redirect" title="Olfactory receptors">olfactory receptors</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MammalogyCarnivores_58-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MammalogyCarnivores-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Postcranial_region">Postcranial region</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnivora&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Postcranial region"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canis_mesomelas_vs._Arctocephalus_pusillus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Canis_mesomelas_vs._Arctocephalus_pusillus.jpg/220px-Canis_mesomelas_vs._Arctocephalus_pusillus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Canis_mesomelas_vs._Arctocephalus_pusillus.jpg/330px-Canis_mesomelas_vs._Arctocephalus_pusillus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Canis_mesomelas_vs._Arctocephalus_pusillus.jpg/440px-Canis_mesomelas_vs._Arctocephalus_pusillus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2825" data-file-height="1867" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Black-backed_jackal" title="Black-backed jackal">black-backed jackal</a> (<i>Lupulella mesomelas</i>) trying to predate on a <a href="/wiki/Brown_fur_seal" title="Brown fur seal">brown fur seal</a> (<i>Arctocephalus pusillus</i>) pup. These two species illustrate the diversity in bodyplan seen among carnivorans, especially between pinnipeds and their terrestrial relatives.</figcaption></figure><p> Aside from an accumulation of characteristics in the dental and cranial features, not much of their overall anatomy unites carnivorans as a group.<sup id="cite_ref-WalkersCarnivores_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WalkersCarnivores-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All species of carnivorans are <a href="/wiki/Quadrupedal" class="mw-redirect" title="Quadrupedal">quadrupedal</a> and most have five digits on the front feet and four digits on the back feet. In terrestrial carnivorans, the feet have soft pads. The feet can either be <a href="/wiki/Digitigrade" title="Digitigrade">digitigrade</a> as seen in cats, hyenas and dogs or <a href="/wiki/Plantigrade" title="Plantigrade">plantigrade</a> as seen in bears, skunks, raccoons, weasels, civets and mongooses. In pinnipeds, the limbs have been modified into <a href="/wiki/Flipper_(anatomy)" title="Flipper (anatomy)">flippers</a>.</p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panthera_tigris11.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A tiger sleeping in a zoo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Panthera_tigris11.jpg/220px-Panthera_tigris11.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Panthera_tigris11.jpg/330px-Panthera_tigris11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Panthera_tigris11.jpg/440px-Panthera_tigris11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1512" data-file-height="2016" /></a><figcaption>Members of the Carnivora order, like this <a href="/wiki/Tiger" title="Tiger">tiger</a>, have pads on their feet.</figcaption></figure> <p>Unlike <a href="/wiki/Cetacean" class="mw-redirect" title="Cetacean">cetaceans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sirenian" class="mw-redirect" title="Sirenian">sirenians</a>, which have fully functional <a href="/wiki/Tail" title="Tail">tails</a> to help them swim, pinnipeds use their limbs underwater to swim. <a href="/wiki/Earless_seal" title="Earless seal">Earless seals</a> use their back flippers; sea lions and fur seals use their front flippers, and the <a href="/wiki/Walrus" title="Walrus">walrus</a> uses all of its limbs. As a result, pinnipeds have significantly shorter tails than other carnivorans. </p><p>Aside from the pinnipeds, dogs, bears, hyenas, and cats all have distinct and recognizable appearances. Dogs are usually <a href="/wiki/Cursorial" title="Cursorial">cursorial</a> mammals and are gracile in appearance, often relying on their teeth to hold prey; bears are much larger and rely on their physical strength to forage for food. Compared to dogs and bears, cats have longer and stronger forelimbs armed with retractable <a href="/wiki/Claws" class="mw-redirect" title="Claws">claws</a> to hold on to prey. Hyenas are dog-like feliforms that have sloping backs due to their front legs being longer than their hind legs. The raccoon family and <a href="/wiki/Red_panda" title="Red panda">red panda</a> are small, bear-like carnivorans with long tails. The other small carnivoran families <a href="/wiki/Nandiniidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Nandiniidae">Nandiniidae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prionodontidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Prionodontidae">Prionodontidae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Viverridae" title="Viverridae">Viverridae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herpestidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Herpestidae">Herpestidae</a>, Eupleridae, <a href="/wiki/Mephitidae" title="Mephitidae">Mephitidae</a> and Mustelidae have through <a href="/wiki/Convergent_evolution" title="Convergent evolution">convergent evolution</a> maintained the small, ancestral appearance of the miacoids, though there is some variation seen such as the robust and stout physicality of <a href="/wiki/Badger" title="Badger">badgers</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Wolverine" title="Wolverine">wolverine</a> (<i>Gulo gulo</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-WalkersCarnivores_57-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WalkersCarnivores-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most carnivoran species have a well-defined <a href="/wiki/Breeding_season" class="mw-redirect" title="Breeding season">breeding season</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Male carnivorans usually have <a href="/wiki/Baculum" title="Baculum">bacula</a>, which are absent in <a href="/wiki/Hyena" title="Hyena">hyenas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Binturong" title="Binturong">binturongs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Schultz_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schultz-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The length and density of the <a href="/wiki/Fur" title="Fur">fur</a> vary depending on the environment that the species inhabits. In warm climate species, the fur is often short in length and lighter. In cold climate species, the fur is either dense or long, often with an oily substance that helps to retain heat. The pelage coloration differs between species, often including black, white, orange, yellow, red, and many shades of grey and brown. Some are striped, spotted, blotched, banded, or otherwise boldly patterned. There seems to be a correlation between habitat and color pattern; for example spotted or banded species tend to be found in heavily forested environments.<sup id="cite_ref-WalkersCarnivores_57-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WalkersCarnivores-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some species like the grey wolf are <a href="/wiki/Polymorphism_(biology)" title="Polymorphism (biology)">polymorphic</a> with different individual having different coat colors. The <a href="/wiki/Arctic_fox" title="Arctic fox">arctic fox</a> (<i>Vulpes lagopus</i>) and the <a href="/wiki/Stoat" title="Stoat">stoat</a> (<i>Mustela erminea</i>) have fur that changes from white and dense in the winter to brown and sparse in the summer. In pinnipeds and <a href="/wiki/Polar_bear" title="Polar bear">polar bears</a>, a thick insulating layer of blubber helps maintain their body temperature. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sexual_dimorphism">Sexual dimorphism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnivora&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Sexual dimorphism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/Sexual_dimorphism_in_Carnivorans" title="Sexual dimorphism in Carnivorans">Sexual dimorphism in Carnivorans</a>.<span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sexual_dimorphism_in_Carnivorans&action=edit">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><div class="excerpt"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Orphan plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Orphan" role="presentation" style="display: none"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/60px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/80px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>is an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Orphan" title="Wikipedia:Orphan">orphan</a>, as no other articles <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere&target=Carnivora&namespace=0">link to it</a></b>. Please <a href="/wiki/Help:Link" title="Help:Link">introduce links</a> to this page from <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=1&search=Carnivora&fulltext=Search&ns0=1&title=Special%3ASearch&advanced=1&fulltext=Carnivora">related articles</a></span>; try the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edwardbetts.com/find_link?q=Carnivora">Find link tool</a> for suggestions. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2023</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Male_and_female_Mirounga_angustirostris_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Male_and_female_Mirounga_angustirostris_2.jpg/220px-Male_and_female_Mirounga_angustirostris_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Male_and_female_Mirounga_angustirostris_2.jpg/330px-Male_and_female_Mirounga_angustirostris_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Male_and_female_Mirounga_angustirostris_2.jpg/440px-Male_and_female_Mirounga_angustirostris_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2616" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Sexual dimorphism in <a href="/wiki/Pinnipeds" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinnipeds">pinnipeds</a> particularly <a href="/wiki/Elephant_seals" class="mw-redirect" title="Elephant seals">elephant seals</a> is the most pronounced among Carnivorans.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lion_male%2Bfemale_montage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Lion_male%2Bfemale_montage.jpg/220px-Lion_male%2Bfemale_montage.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Lion_male%2Bfemale_montage.jpg/330px-Lion_male%2Bfemale_montage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Lion_male%2Bfemale_montage.jpg/440px-Lion_male%2Bfemale_montage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Sexual dimorphism in <a href="/wiki/Lions" class="mw-redirect" title="Lions">lions</a> is the most prominent among <a href="/wiki/Felids" class="mw-redirect" title="Felids">felids</a></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Sexual_dimorphism" title="Sexual dimorphism">Sexual dimorphism</a> is the condition where sexes of the same species exhibit different morphological characteristics, particularly characteristics not directly involved in reproduction.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sexual dimorphism in carnivorans, in which males are larger than females, is common. Sexual selection is frequently cited as the cause of the intraspecific divergence in body proportions and craniomandibular morphology between the sexes within the Carnivora order.<sup id="cite_ref-Sexual_dimorphism_in_Carnivorans_:0_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sexual_dimorphism_in_Carnivorans_:0-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is anticipated that animals with <a href="/wiki/Polygyny_in_animals" title="Polygyny in animals">polygynous</a> mating systems and high levels of territoriality and solitary behavior will exhibit the highest levels of sexual size dimorphism. <a href="/wiki/Pinnipeds" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinnipeds">Pinnipeds</a> offer an illustration for this.</div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relationship_with_humans">Relationship with humans</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnivora&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Relationship with humans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Carnivorans are arguably the group of mammals of most interest to humans. The <a href="/wiki/Dog" title="Dog">dog</a> is noteworthy for not only being the first species of carnivoran to be <a href="/wiki/Domesticate" class="mw-redirect" title="Domesticate">domesticated</a>, but also the first species of any taxon. In the last 10,000 to 12,000 years, humans have selectively bred dogs for a variety of different tasks and today there are well over 400 breeds. The <a href="/wiki/Cat" title="Cat">cat</a> is another domesticated carnivoran and it is today considered one of the most successful species on the planet, due to their close proximity to humans and the popularity of cats as pets. Many other species are popular, and they are often <a href="/wiki/Charismatic_megafauna" title="Charismatic megafauna">charismatic megafauna</a>. Many civilizations have incorporated a species of carnivoran into their culture: a prominent example is the <a href="/wiki/Lion" title="Lion">lion</a>, viewed as a symbol of power and royalty in many societies. Yet many species such as <a href="/wiki/Wolves" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolves">wolves</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Big_cat" title="Big cat">big cats</a> have been broadly hunted, resulting in <a href="/wiki/Local_extinction" title="Local extinction">extirpation</a> in some areas. Habitat loss and human encroachment as well as <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a> have been the primary cause of many species going into decline. Four species of carnivorans have gone extinct since the 1600s: <a href="/wiki/Falkland_Island_wolf" class="mw-redirect" title="Falkland Island wolf">Falkland Island wolf</a> (<i>Dusicyon australis</i>) in 1876; the <a href="/wiki/Sea_mink" title="Sea mink">sea mink</a> (<i>Neogale macrodon</i>) in 1894; the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_sea_lion" title="Japanese sea lion">Japanese sea lion</a> (<i>Zalophus japonicus</i>) in 1951 and the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_monk_seal" title="Caribbean monk seal">Caribbean monk seal</a> (<i>Neomonachus tropicalis</i>) in 1952.<sup id="cite_ref-hunter2018_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hunter2018-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some species such as the <a href="/wiki/Red_fox" title="Red fox">red fox</a> (<i>Vulpes vulpes</i>) and <a href="/wiki/Stoat" title="Stoat">stoat</a> (<i>Mustela erminea</i>) have been introduced to <a href="/wiki/Australasia" title="Australasia">Australasia</a> and have caused many native species to become endangered or even extinct.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnivora&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mammal_classification" title="Mammal classification">Mammal classification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnivoraformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Carnivoraformes">Carnivoraformes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_carnivorans" title="List of carnivorans">List of carnivorans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_carnivorans_by_population" title="List of carnivorans by population">List of carnivorans by population</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnivora&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Foley-Mason2023-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Foley-Mason2023_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output 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Barcelona: Lynx Ediciones. pp. 1–614. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-84-96553-93-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-84-96553-93-4"><bdi>978-84-96553-93-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+the+Mammals+of+the+World+%E2%80%93+Volume+4&rft.place=Barcelona&rft.pages=1-614&rft.pub=Lynx+Ediciones&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-84-96553-93-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnivora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WalkersCarnivores-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WalkersCarnivores_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WalkersCarnivores_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WalkersCarnivores_57-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WalkersCarnivores_57-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNowak2005" class="citation book cs1">Nowak, R. 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Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/walkerscarnivore00nowa/page/n11">1</a>–328. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0801880335" title="Special:BookSources/0801880335"><bdi>0801880335</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Walker%27s+Carnivores+of+the+World&rft.place=Baltimore%2C+Maryland&rft.pages=1-328&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0801880335&rft.aulast=Nowak&rft.aufirst=R.+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwalkerscarnivore00nowa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnivora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MammalogyCarnivores-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MammalogyCarnivores_58-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MammalogyCarnivores_58-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MammalogyCarnivores_58-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MammalogyCarnivores_58-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVaughanRyanCzaplewski2013" class="citation book cs1">Vaughan, T. A.; Ryan, J. M.; Czaplewski, N. J. (2013). <i>Mammalogy</i>. Burlington, Massachusetts: Jones & Bartlett Learning. pp. 1–750. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781284032093" title="Special:BookSources/9781284032093"><bdi>9781284032093</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mammalogy&rft.place=Burlington%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pages=1-750&rft.pub=Jones+%26+Bartlett+Learning&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781284032093&rft.aulast=Vaughan&rft.aufirst=T.+A.&rft.au=Ryan%2C+J.+M.&rft.au=Czaplewski%2C+N.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnivora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnobil2006" class="citation book cs1">Knobil, Ernst (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6j-mOAcNnPUC&dq=carnivora&pg=PA776"><i>Knobil and Neill's Physiology of Reproduction</i></a>. Gulf Professional Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-12-515401-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-12-515401-7"><bdi>978-0-12-515401-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Knobil+and+Neill%27s+Physiology+of+Reproduction&rft.pub=Gulf+Professional+Publishing&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-12-515401-7&rft.aulast=Knobil&rft.aufirst=Ernst&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6j-mOAcNnPUC%26dq%3Dcarnivora%26pg%3DPA776&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnivora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schultz-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Schultz_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchultzLough-StevensAbreuOrr2016" class="citation journal cs1">Schultz, Nicholas G.; Lough-Stevens, Michael; Abreu, Eric; Orr, Teri; Dean, Matthew D. (1 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6080509">"The Baculum was Gained and Lost Multiple Times during Mammalian Evolution"</a>. <i>Integrative and Comparative Biology</i>. <b>56</b> (4): 644–56. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Ficb%2Ficw034">10.1093/icb/icw034</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1540-7063">1540-7063</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6080509">6080509</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27252214">27252214</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Integrative+and+Comparative+Biology&rft.atitle=The+Baculum+was+Gained+and+Lost+Multiple+Times+during+Mammalian+Evolution&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=644-56&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6080509%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=1540-7063&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27252214&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Ficb%2Ficw034&rft.aulast=Schultz&rft.aufirst=Nicholas+G.&rft.au=Lough-Stevens%2C+Michael&rft.au=Abreu%2C+Eric&rft.au=Orr%2C+Teri&rft.au=Dean%2C+Matthew+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6080509&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnivora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=O5lnDwAAQBAJ&q=sexual+dimorphism+encyclopedia&pg=RA1-PA7"><i>Encyclopedia of Animal Behaviour</i></a>. Vol. 2. Academic Press. 21 January 2019. p. 7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-12-813252-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-12-813252-4"><bdi>978-0-12-813252-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Animal+Behaviour&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=2019-01-21&rft.isbn=978-0-12-813252-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DO5lnDwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dsexual%2Bdimorphism%2Bencyclopedia%26pg%3DRA1-PA7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnivora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sexual_dimorphism_in_Carnivorans_:0-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Sexual_dimorphism_in_Carnivorans_:0_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGittlemanValkenburgh1997" class="citation journal cs1">Gittleman, J. L.; Valkenburgh, B. Van (May 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1997.tb02932.x">"Sexual dimorphism in the canines and skulls of carnivores: effects of size, phylogency, and behavioural ecology"</a>. <i>Journal of Zoology</i>. <b>242</b> (1): 97–117. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1469-7998.1997.tb02932.x">10.1111/j.1469-7998.1997.tb02932.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0952-8369">0952-8369</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Zoology&rft.atitle=Sexual+dimorphism+in+the+canines+and+skulls+of+carnivores%3A+effects+of+size%2C+phylogency%2C+and+behavioural+ecology&rft.volume=242&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=97-117&rft.date=1997-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1469-7998.1997.tb02932.x&rft.issn=0952-8369&rft.aulast=Gittleman&rft.aufirst=J.+L.&rft.au=Valkenburgh%2C+B.+Van&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1469-7998.1997.tb02932.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnivora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSylvia_Brunner,_Michael_M_Bryden,_Peter_D._Shaughnessy2004" class="citation journal cs1">Sylvia Brunner, Michael M Bryden, Peter D. Shaughnessy (September 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230822642">"Cranial ontogeny of otariid seals"</a>. <i>Systematics and Biodiversity</i>. <b>2</b> (1): 83–110. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004SyBio...2...83B">2004SyBio...2...83B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS1477200004001367">10.1017/S1477200004001367</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:83737300">83737300</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Systematics+and+Biodiversity&rft.atitle=Cranial+ontogeny+of+otariid+seals&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=83-110&rft.date=2004-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A83737300%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS1477200004001367&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2004SyBio...2...83B&rft.au=Sylvia+Brunner%2C+Michael+M+Bryden%2C+Peter+D.+Shaughnessy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F230822642&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnivora" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.issg.org/database/species/ecology.asp?si=98&fr=1&sts=&lang=EN">"100 of the World's Worst Invasive Species"</a>. Invasive Species Specialist Group.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=100+of+the+World%27s+Worst+Invasive+Species&rft.pub=Invasive+Species+Specialist+Group&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.issg.org%2Fdatabase%2Fspecies%2Fecology.asp%3Fsi%3D98%26fr%3D1%26sts%3D%26lang%3DEN&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnivora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnivora&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/68px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a> has information related to <i><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Carnivora">Carnivora</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/40px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/60px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/80px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">The Wikibook <i><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Dichotomous_Key" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Dichotomous Key">Dichotomous Key</a></i> has a page on the topic of: <i><b><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Dichotomous_Key/Carnivora" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Dichotomous Key/Carnivora">Carnivora</a></b></i></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">1911 <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i></a> article "<span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Carnivora" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Carnivora">Carnivora</a></span>".</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://brainmaps.org/index.php?p=datasets-species#carnivore">High-Resolution Images of Carnivore Brains</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Extant_mammal_orders" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mammals" title="Template:Mammals"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mammals" title="Template talk:Mammals"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mammals" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mammals"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Extant_mammal_orders" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Extant <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">mammal</a> orders</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Kingdom <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li> <li>Phylum <a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li> <li>Subphylum <a href="/wiki/Vertebrate" title="Vertebrate">Vertebrata</a></li> <li>(unranked) <a href="/wiki/Amniote" title="Amniote">Amniota</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yinotheria" title="Yinotheria">Yinotheria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Australosphenida" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australosphenida" title="Australosphenida">Australosphenida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monotreme" title="Monotreme">Monotremata <small>(platypuses and echidnas)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Theria" title="Theria">Theria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Metatheria" title="Metatheria">Metatheria</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Marsupial" title="Marsupial">Marsupial</a> inclusive)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ameridelphia" title="Ameridelphia">Ameridelphia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paucituberculata" title="Paucituberculata">Paucituberculata <small>(shrew opossums)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opossum" title="Opossum">Didelphimorphia <small>(opossums)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australidelphia" title="Australidelphia">Australidelphia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microbiotheria" title="Microbiotheria">Microbiotheria <small>(monitos del monte)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notoryctidae" title="Notoryctidae">Notoryctemorphia <small>(marsupial moles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasyuromorphia" title="Dasyuromorphia">Dasyuromorphia <small>(quolls and dunnarts)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peramelemorphia" title="Peramelemorphia">Peramelemorphia <small>(bilbies and bandicoots)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diprotodontia" title="Diprotodontia">Diprotodontia <small>(kangaroos, koalas, and relatives)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria">Eutheria</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Placentalia" title="Placentalia">Placental</a> inclusive)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Atlantogenata" title="Atlantogenata">Atlantogenata</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Xenarthra" title="Xenarthra">Xenarthra</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cingulata" title="Cingulata">Cingulata <small>(armadillos)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilosa" title="Pilosa">Pilosa <small>(anteaters and sloths)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Afrotheria" title="Afrotheria">Afrotheria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afrosoricida" title="Afrosoricida">Afrosoricida <small>(tenrecs, golden moles, and otter shrews)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elephant_shrew" title="Elephant shrew">Macroscelidea <small>(elephant shrews)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orycteropodidae" title="Orycteropodidae">Tubulidentata <small>(aardvarks)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyrax" title="Hyrax">Hyracoidea <small>(hyraxes)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proboscidea" title="Proboscidea">Proboscidea <small>(elephants)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirenia" title="Sirenia">Sirenia <small>(dugongs and manatees)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Boreoeutheria" title="Boreoeutheria">Boreoeutheria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Laurasiatheria" title="Laurasiatheria">Laurasiatheria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eulipotyphla" title="Eulipotyphla">Eulipotyphla <small>(hedgehogs, shrews, moles and relatives)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bat" title="Bat">Chiroptera <small>(bats)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangolin" title="Pangolin">Pholidota <small>(pangolins)</small></a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Carnivora <small>(dogs, cats and relatives)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odd-toed_ungulate" class="mw-redirect" title="Odd-toed ungulate">Perissodactyla <small>(horses, zebras, donkeys, rhinoceroses and tapirs)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artiodactyl" title="Artiodactyl">Artiodactyla <small>(pigs, camels, hippos, deer, buffalo, gazelles, giraffes, whales, dolphins and relatives)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Euarchontoglires" title="Euarchontoglires">Euarchontoglires</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rodent" title="Rodent">Rodentia <small>(rats, mice, guinea pigs, squirrels, beavers, chinchillas, porcupines, capybaras and relatives)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lagomorpha" title="Lagomorpha">Lagomorpha <small>(rabbits, hares and pikas)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treeshrew" title="Treeshrew">Scandentia <small>(treeshrews)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colugo" title="Colugo">Dermoptera <small>(colugos)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primate" title="Primate">Primates <small>(lorises, lemurs, tarsiers, monkeys, apes (including humans) and relatives)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Extant_Carnivora_species" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Carnivora" title="Template:Carnivora"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Carnivora" title="Template talk:Carnivora"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Carnivora" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Carnivora"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Extant_Carnivora_species" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Extant <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Carnivora</a> species</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li> <li>Phylum: <a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li> <li>Class: <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a></li> <li>Infraclass: <a href="/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria">Eutheria</a></li> <li>Superorder: <a href="/wiki/Laurasiatheria" title="Laurasiatheria">Laurasiatheria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Feliformia_(&quot;cat-like&quot;_carnivorans)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Feliformia" title="Feliformia">Feliformia <span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">("cat-like" carnivorans)</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Feliformia" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg)"><a href="/wiki/Feliformia" title="Feliformia">Feliformia</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_palm_civet" title="African palm civet">African palm civet (<i>Nandinia binotata</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Feloidea" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg)"><a href="/wiki/Feliformia" title="Feliformia">Feloidea</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Prionodon_(Asiatic_linsangs)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Asiatic_linsang" title="Asiatic linsang">Prionodon</a></i> <small><span style="color:#696969;font-weight:normal">(Asiatic linsangs)</span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banded_linsang" title="Banded linsang">Banded linsang (<i>P. linsang</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spotted_linsang" title="Spotted linsang">Spotted linsang (<i>P. pardicolor</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Felidae_(cats)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg)"><a href="/wiki/Felidae" title="Felidae">Felidae</a> <small><span style="color:#696969;font-weight:normal">(cats)</span></small></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Pantherinae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pantherinae" title="Pantherinae">Pantherinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Neofelis" title="Neofelis">Neofelis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunda_clouded_leopard" title="Sunda clouded leopard">Sunda clouded leopard (<i>N. diardi</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clouded_leopard" title="Clouded leopard">Clouded leopard (<i>N. nebulosa</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera">Panthera</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Snow_leopard" title="Snow leopard">Snow leopard (<i>P. uncia</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiger" title="Tiger">Tiger (<i>P. tigris</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaguar" title="Jaguar">Jaguar (<i>P. onca</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lion" title="Lion">Lion (<i>P. leo</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leopard" title="Leopard">Leopard (<i>P. pardus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg)"><a href="/wiki/Felinae" title="Felinae">Felinae</a> <span style="font-weight:normal"><i>sensu stricto</i></span></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;">Bay cat<br />lineage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Pardofelis" title="Pardofelis">Pardofelis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marbled_cat" title="Marbled cat">Marbled cat (<i>P. marmorata</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Catopuma" title="Catopuma">Catopuma</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bay_cat" title="Bay cat">Bay cat (<i>C. badia</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_golden_cat" title="Asian golden cat">Asian golden cat (<i>C. temminckii</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;">Caracal<br />lineage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Serval" title="Serval">Serval (<i>Leptailurus serval</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Caracal_(genus)" title="Caracal (genus)">Caracal</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_golden_cat" title="African golden cat">African golden cat (<i>C. aurata</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caracal" title="Caracal">Caracal (<i>C. caracal</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Leopardus" title="Leopardus">Leopardus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pampas_cat" title="Pampas cat">Pampas cat (<i>L. colocola</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoffroy%27s_cat" title="Geoffroy's cat">Geoffroy's cat (<i>L. geoffroyi</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodkod" title="Kodkod">Kodkod (<i>L. guigna</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leopardus_guttulus" title="Leopardus guttulus">Southern tiger cat (<i>L. guttulus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andean_mountain_cat" title="Andean mountain cat">Andean mountain cat (<i>L. jacobita</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocelot" title="Ocelot">Ocelot (<i>L. pardalis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oncilla" title="Oncilla">Oncilla (<i>L. tigrinus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margay" title="Margay">Margay (<i>L. wiedii</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Lynx" title="Lynx">Lynx</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canada_lynx" title="Canada lynx">Canada lynx (<i>L. canadensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_lynx" title="Eurasian lynx">Eurasian lynx (<i>L. lynx</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iberian_lynx" title="Iberian lynx">Iberian lynx (<i>L. pardinus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobcat" title="Bobcat">Bobcat (<i>L. rufus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;">Puma<br />lineage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Acinonyx" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Acinonyx" title="Acinonyx">Acinonyx</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cheetah" title="Cheetah">Cheetah (<i>A. jubatus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jaguarundi" title="Jaguarundi">Jaguarundi (<i>Herpailurus yagouaroundi</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Puma_(genus)" title="Puma (genus)">Puma</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cougar" title="Cougar">Cougar (<i>P. concolor</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;">Leopard cat<br />lineage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pallas%27s_cat" title="Pallas's cat">Pallas's cat (<i>Otocolobus manul</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Prionailurus" title="Prionailurus">Prionailurus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leopard_cat" title="Leopard cat">Leopard cat (<i>P. bengalensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunda_leopard_cat" title="Sunda leopard cat">Sunda leopard cat (<i>P. javanensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat-headed_cat" title="Flat-headed cat">Flat-headed cat (<i>P. planiceps</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusty-spotted_cat" title="Rusty-spotted cat">Rusty-spotted cat (<i>P. rubiginosus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_cat" title="Fishing cat">Fishing cat (<i>P. viverrinus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Felis" title="Felis">Felis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_mountain_cat" title="Chinese mountain cat">Chinese mountain cat (<i>F. bieti</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat" title="Cat">Domestic cat (<i>F. catus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jungle_cat" title="Jungle cat">Jungle cat (<i>F. chaus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_wildcat" title="African wildcat">African wildcat (<i>F. lybica</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sand_cat" title="Sand cat">Sand cat (<i>F. margarita</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-footed_cat" title="Black-footed cat">Black-footed cat (<i>F. nigripes</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_wildcat" title="European wildcat">European wildcat (<i>F. silvestris</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Viverroidea" title="Viverroidea">Viverroidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see below↓</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Viverroidea" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Viverroidea" title="Viverroidea">Viverroidea</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Viverridae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg)"><a href="/wiki/Viverridae" title="Viverridae">Viverridae</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hemigalinae" title="Hemigalinae">Hemigalinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Owston%27s_palm_civet" title="Owston's palm civet">Owston's palm civet (<i>Chrotogale owstoni</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otter_civet" title="Otter civet">Otter civet (<i>Cynogale bennettii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hose%27s_palm_civet" title="Hose's palm civet">Hose's palm civet (<i>Diplogale hosei</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banded_palm_civet" title="Banded palm civet">Banded palm civet (<i>Hemigalus derbyanus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Paradoxurinae" title="Paradoxurinae">Paradoxurinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Binturong" title="Binturong">Binturong (<i>Arctictis binturong</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small-toothed_palm_civet" title="Small-toothed palm civet">Small-toothed palm civet (<i>Arctogalidia trivirgata</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulawesi_palm_civet" title="Sulawesi palm civet">Sulawesi palm civet (<i>Macrogalidia musschenbroekii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masked_palm_civet" title="Masked palm civet">Masked palm civet (<i>Paguma larvata</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Paradoxurus" title="Paradoxurus">Paradoxurus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asian_palm_civet" title="Asian palm civet">Asian palm civet (<i>P. hermaphroditus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_palm_civet" title="Brown palm civet">Brown palm civet (<i>P. jerdoni</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_palm_civet" title="Golden palm civet">Golden palm civet (<i>P. zeylonensis</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Viverrinae_sensu_lato" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1em;;line-height:1.0em;"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg)"><br /><a href="/wiki/Viverrinae" title="Viverrinae">Viverrinae</a> <br /><span style="font-weight:normal"><i>sensu lato</i></span></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Viverrinae" title="Viverrinae">Viverrinae</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal"><i>sensu stricto</i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Small_Indian_civet" title="Small Indian civet">Small Indian civet (<i>Viverricula indica</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_civet" title="African civet">African civet (<i>Civettictis civetta</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Viverra" title="Viverra">Viverra</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malabar_large-spotted_civet" title="Malabar large-spotted civet">Malabar large-spotted civet (<i>V. civettina</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Large-spotted_civet" title="Large-spotted civet">Large-spotted civet (<i>V. megaspila</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayan_civet" title="Malayan civet">Malayan civet (<i>V. tangalunga</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Large_Indian_civet" title="Large Indian civet">Large Indian civet (<i>V. zibetha</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Genettinae" title="Genettinae">Genettinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Poiana_(genus)" title="Poiana (genus)">Poiana</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969;font-weight:normal">(African linsangs)</span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_oyan" title="Central African oyan">Central African oyan (<i>P. richardsonii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_African_oyan" title="West African oyan">West African oyan (<i>P. leightoni</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Genet_(animal)" title="Genet (animal)">Genetta</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969;font-weight:normal">(genets)</span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abyssinian_genet" title="Abyssinian genet">Abyssinian genet (<i>G. abyssinica</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angolan_genet" title="Angolan genet">Angolan genet (<i>G. angolensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourlon%27s_genet" title="Bourlon's genet">Bourlon's genet (<i>G. bourloni</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crested_servaline_genet" title="Crested servaline genet">Crested servaline genet (<i>G. cristata</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_genet" title="Common genet">Common genet (<i>G. genetta</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnston%27s_genet" title="Johnston's genet">Johnston's genet (<i>G. johnstoni</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letaba_genet" title="Letaba genet">Letaba genet (<i>G. letabae</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusty-spotted_genet" title="Rusty-spotted genet">Rusty-spotted genet (<i>G. maculata</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pardine_genet" title="Pardine genet">Pardine genet (<i>G. pardina</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquatic_genet" title="Aquatic genet">Aquatic genet (<i>G. piscivora</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_genet" title="King genet">King genet (<i>G. poensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Servaline_genet" title="Servaline genet">Servaline genet (<i>G. servalina</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hausa_genet" title="Hausa genet">Hausa genet (<i>G. thierryi</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_genet" title="Cape genet">Cape genet (<i>G. tigrina</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giant_forest_genet" title="Giant forest genet">Giant forest genet (<i>G. victoriae</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_small-spotted_genet" title="South African small-spotted genet">South African small-spotted genet (<i>G. felina</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Herpestoidea" title="Herpestoidea">Herpestoidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see below↓</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Herpestoidea" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Herpestoidea" title="Herpestoidea">Herpestoidea</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Hyaenidae(hyenas)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Hyena" title="Hyena">Hyaenidae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969;font-weight:normal">(hyenas)</span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Proteles" title="Proteles">Proteles</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aardwolf" title="Aardwolf">Aardwolf (<i>P. cristata</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Hyaeninae" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyaeninae">Hyaeninae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969;font-weight:normal">(bone-crushing hyenas)</span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Striped_hyena" title="Striped hyena">Striped hyena (<i>Hyaena hyaena</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_hyena" title="Brown hyena">Brown hyena (<i>Parahyaena brunnea</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Crocuta" title="Crocuta">Crocuta</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spotted_hyena" title="Spotted hyena">Spotted hyena (<i>C. crocuta</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg)"><a href="/wiki/Mongoose" title="Mongoose">Herpestidae</a> <span style="font-weight:normal"><i>sensu lato</i></span></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1em;;line-height:1.0em;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Eupleridae" title="Eupleridae">Eupleridae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969;font-weight:normal">(Malagasy<br />carnivorans)</span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.7em"><a href="/wiki/Euplerinae" title="Euplerinae">Euplerinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fossa_(animal)" title="Fossa (animal)">Fossa (<i>Cryptoprocta ferox</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malagasy_civet" title="Malagasy civet">Malagasy civet (<i>Fossa fossana</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Eupleres" title="Eupleres">Eupleres</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_falanouc" title="Eastern falanouc">Eastern falanouc (<i>E. goudotii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_falanouc" title="Western falanouc">Western falanouc (<i>E. major</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.7em"><a href="/wiki/Galidiinae" title="Galidiinae">Galidiinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ring-tailed_vontsira" title="Ring-tailed vontsira">Ring-tailed vontsira (<i>Galidia elegans</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Galidictis" title="Galidictis">Galidictis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broad-striped_Malagasy_mongoose" title="Broad-striped Malagasy mongoose">Broad-striped Malagasy mongoose (<i>G. fasciata</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grandidier%27s_mongoose" title="Grandidier's mongoose">Grandidier's mongoose (<i>G. grandidieri</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Narrow-striped_mongoose" title="Narrow-striped mongoose">Narrow-striped mongoose (<i>Mungotictis decemlineata</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Salanoia" title="Salanoia">Salanoia</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brown-tailed_mongoose" title="Brown-tailed mongoose">Brown-tailed mongoose (<i>S. concolor</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durrell%27s_vontsira" title="Durrell's vontsira">Durrell's vontsira (<i>S. durrelli</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1em;;line-height:1.0em;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Mongoose" title="Mongoose">Herpestidae</a> <span style="font-weight:normal"><br /><i>sensu stricto</i></span><br /><small><span style="color:#696969;font-weight:normal">(mongooses)</span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mongoose#Taxonomy" title="Mongoose">Mungotinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Suricata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Suricata" title="Suricata">Suricata</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meerkat" title="Meerkat">Meerkat (<i>S. suricatta</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberian_mongoose" title="Liberian mongoose">Liberian mongoose (<i>Liberiictus kuhni</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Mungos" title="Mungos">Mungos</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gambian_mongoose" title="Gambian mongoose">Gambian mongoose (<i>M. gambianus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banded_mongoose" title="Banded mongoose">Banded mongoose (<i>M. mungo</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pousargues%27s_mongoose" title="Pousargues's mongoose">Pousargues's mongoose (<i>Dologale dybowskii</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Helogale" title="Helogale">Helogale</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_dwarf_mongoose" title="Ethiopian dwarf mongoose">Ethiopian dwarf mongoose (<i>H. hirtula</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_dwarf_mongoose" title="Common dwarf mongoose">Common dwarf mongoose (<i>H. parvula</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Crossarchus" title="Crossarchus">Crossarchus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander%27s_kusimanse" title="Alexander's kusimanse">Alexander's kusimanse (<i>C. alexandri</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angolan_kusimanse" title="Angolan kusimanse">Angolan kusimanse (<i>C. ansorgei</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_kusimanse" title="Common kusimanse">Common kusimanse (<i>C. obscurus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat-headed_kusimanse" title="Flat-headed kusimanse">Flat-headed kusimanse (<i>C. platycephalus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mongoose#Taxonomy" title="Mongoose">Herpestinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marsh_mongoose" title="Marsh mongoose">Marsh mongoose (<i>Atilax paludinosus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long-nosed_mongoose" title="Long-nosed mongoose">Long-nosed mongoose (<i>Xenogale naso</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Urva_(genus)" title="Urva (genus)">Urva</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Small_Indian_mongoose" title="Small Indian mongoose">Small Indian mongoose (<i>U. auropunctata</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short-tailed_mongoose" title="Short-tailed mongoose">Short-tailed mongoose (<i>U. brachyura</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_grey_mongoose" title="Indian grey mongoose">Indian grey mongoose (<i>U. edwardsii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_brown_mongoose" title="Indian brown mongoose">Indian brown mongoose (<i>U. fusca</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javan_mongoose" title="Javan mongoose">Javan mongoose (<i>U. javanica</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collared_mongoose" title="Collared mongoose">Collared mongoose (<i>U. semitorquata</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruddy_mongoose" title="Ruddy mongoose">Ruddy mongoose (<i>U. smithii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crab-eating_mongoose" title="Crab-eating mongoose">Crab-eating mongoose (<i>U. urva</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stripe-necked_mongoose" title="Stripe-necked mongoose">Stripe-necked mongoose (<i>U. vitticolla</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White-tailed_mongoose" title="White-tailed mongoose">White-tailed mongoose (<i>Ichneumia albicauda</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_mongoose" title="Yellow mongoose">Yellow mongoose (<i>Cynictis penicillata</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selous%27s_mongoose" title="Selous's mongoose">Selous's mongoose (<i>Paracynictis selousi</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meller%27s_mongoose" title="Meller's mongoose">Meller's mongoose (<i>Rhynchogale melleri</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Bdeogale" title="Bdeogale">Bdeogale</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bushy-tailed_mongoose" title="Bushy-tailed mongoose">Bushy-tailed mongoose (<i>B. crassicauda</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson%27s_mongoose" title="Jackson's mongoose">Jackson's mongoose (<i>B. jacksoni</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-footed_mongoose" title="Black-footed mongoose">Black-footed mongoose (<i>B. nigripes</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Herpestes" title="Herpestes">Herpestes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angolan_slender_mongoose" title="Angolan slender mongoose">Angolan slender mongoose (<i>H. flavescens</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_mongoose" title="Egyptian mongoose">Egyptian mongoose (<i>H. ichneumon</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalian_slender_mongoose" title="Somalian slender mongoose">Somalian slender mongoose (<i>H. ochracea</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_gray_mongoose" title="Cape gray mongoose">Cape gray mongoose (<i>H. pulverulenta</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_slender_mongoose" title="Common slender mongoose">Common slender mongoose (<i>H. sanguinea</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Caniformia_(&quot;dog-like&quot;_carnivorans)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Caniformia" title="Caniformia">Caniformia <span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">("dog-like" carnivorans)</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Canidae_(dogs)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg)"><a href="/wiki/Canidae" title="Canidae">Canidae</a> <small><span style="color:#696969;font-weight:normal">(dogs)</span></small></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.63em;line-height:1em"><i><a href="/wiki/Urocyon" title="Urocyon">Urocyon</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gray_fox" title="Gray fox">Gray fox (<i>U. cinereoargenteus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Island_fox" title="Island fox">Island fox (<i>U. littoralis</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.63em;line-height:1em"><a href="/wiki/Vulpini" title="Vulpini">Vulpini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bat-eared_fox" title="Bat-eared fox">Bat-eared fox (<i>Otocyon megalotis</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.66em;line-height:1em"><i><a href="/wiki/Nyctereutes" title="Nyctereutes">Nyctereutes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_raccoon_dog" title="Common raccoon dog">Common raccoon dog (<i>N. procyonoides</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_raccoon_dog" title="Japanese raccoon dog">Japanese raccoon dog (<i>N. viverrinus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.66em;line-height:1em"><i><a href="/wiki/Vulpes" title="Vulpes">Vulpes</a></i><br /><small><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Fox" title="Fox">foxes</a>)</span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_fox" title="Bengal fox">Bengal fox (<i>V. bengalensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanford%27s_fox" title="Blanford's fox">Blanford's fox (<i>V. cana</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_fox" title="Cape fox">Cape fox (<i>V. chama</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corsac_fox" title="Corsac fox">Corsac fox (<i>V. corsac</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_fox" title="Tibetan fox">Tibetan fox (<i>V. ferrilata</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_fox" title="Arctic fox">Arctic fox (<i>V. lagopus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kit_fox" title="Kit fox">Kit fox (<i>V. macrotis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pale_fox" title="Pale fox">Pale fox (<i>V. pallida</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCppell%27s_fox" title="Rüppell's fox">Rüppell's fox (<i>V. rueppelli</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swift_fox" title="Swift fox">Swift fox (<i>V. velox</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_fox" title="Red fox">Red fox (<i>V. vulpes</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fennec_fox" title="Fennec fox">Fennec fox (<i>V. zerda</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.63em;line-height:1em"><a href="/wiki/Canini_(tribe)" title="Canini (tribe)">Canini</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969;font-weight:normal">(true dogs)</span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1em"><a href="/wiki/Cerdocyonina" title="Cerdocyonina">Cerdocyonina</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969;font-weight:normal">(zorro)</span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maned_wolf" title="Maned wolf">Maned wolf (<i>Chrysocyon brachyurus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Speothos" title="Speothos">Speothos</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bush_dog" title="Bush dog">Bush dog (<i>S. venaticus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Short-eared_dog" title="Short-eared dog">Short-eared dog (<i>Atelocynus microtis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crab-eating_fox" title="Crab-eating fox">Crab-eating fox (<i>Cerdocyon thous</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/South_American_fox" title="South American fox">Lycalopex</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Culpeo" title="Culpeo">Culpeo (<i>L. culpaeus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darwin%27s_fox" title="Darwin's fox">Darwin's fox (<i>L. fulvipes</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_American_gray_fox" title="South American gray fox">South American gray fox (<i>L. griseus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampas_fox" title="Pampas fox">Pampas fox (<i>L. gymnocercus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sechuran_fox" title="Sechuran fox">Sechuran fox (<i>L. sechurae</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoary_fox" title="Hoary fox">Hoary fox (<i>L. vetulus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1em"><a href="/wiki/Canina_(subtribe)" title="Canina (subtribe)">Canina</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969;font-weight:normal">(wolf-like canids)</span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Lupulella" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Lupulella" title="Lupulella">Lupulella</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Side-striped_jackal" title="Side-striped jackal">Side-striped jackal (<i>L. adustus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-backed_jackal" title="Black-backed jackal">Black-backed jackal (<i>L. mesomelas</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_wild_dog" title="African wild dog">African wild dog (<i>Lycaon pictus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhole" title="Dhole">Dhole (<i>Cuon alpinus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Canis" title="Canis">Canis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golden_jackal" title="Golden jackal">Golden jackal (<i>C. aureus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog" title="Dog">Domestic dog (<i>C. familiaris</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coyote" title="Coyote">Coyote (<i>C. latrans</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_wolf" title="African wolf">African wolf (<i>C. lupaster</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf" title="Wolf">Wolf (<i>C. lupus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_wolf" title="Eastern wolf">Eastern wolf (<i>C. lycaon</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_wolf" title="Red wolf">Red wolf (<i>C. rufus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_wolf" title="Ethiopian wolf">Ethiopian wolf (<i>C. simensis</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg)"><a href="/wiki/Arctoidea" title="Arctoidea">Arctoidea</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1em"><a href="/wiki/Bear" title="Bear">Ursidae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969;font-weight:normal">(bears)</span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.66em"><i><a href="/wiki/Ailuropoda" title="Ailuropoda">Ailuropoda</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giant_panda" title="Giant panda">Giant panda (<i>A. melanoleuca</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.66em"><i><a href="/wiki/Tremarctos" title="Tremarctos">Tremarctos</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spectacled_bear" title="Spectacled bear">Spectacled bear (<i>T. ornatus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.66em"><a href="/wiki/Ursinae" title="Ursinae">Ursinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sloth_bear" title="Sloth bear">Sloth bear (<i>Melursus ursinus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_bear" title="Sun bear">Sun bear (<i>Helarctos malayanus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ursus_(mammal)" title="Ursus (mammal)">Ursus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_black_bear" title="American black bear">American black bear (<i>U. americanus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_black_bear" title="Asian black bear">Asian black bear (<i>U. thibetanus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_bear" title="Brown bear">Brown bear (<i>U. arctos</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polar_bear" title="Polar bear">Polar bear (<i>U. maritimus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1em"><a href="/wiki/Arctoidea" title="Arctoidea">Mustelida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pinniped" title="Pinniped">Pinnipedia</a> <small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(seals)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see below↓</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Musteloidea" title="Musteloidea">Musteloidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see below↓</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Pinnipedia_(seals)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pinniped" title="Pinniped">Pinnipedia <span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(seals)</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1em;;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Odobenidae" title="Odobenidae">Odobenidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walrus" title="Walrus">Walrus (<i>Odobenus rosmarus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1em;;line-height:1.0em;"><br /><a href="/wiki/Eared_seal" title="Eared seal">Otariidae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(eared seals:<br /><a href="/wiki/Fur_seal" title="Fur seal">fur seals</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Sea_lion" title="Sea lion">sea lions</a>)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Callorhinus" title="Callorhinus">Callorhinus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_fur_seal" title="Northern fur seal">Northern fur seal (<i>C. ursinus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Otariinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Otariinae">Otariinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Steller_sea_lion" title="Steller sea lion">Steller sea lion (<i>Eumetopias jubatus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Zalophus" title="Zalophus">Zalophus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_sea_lion" title="California sea lion">California sea lion (<i>Z. californianus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gal%C3%A1pagos_sea_lion" title="Galápagos sea lion">Galápagos sea lion (<i>Z. wollebaeki</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_American_sea_lion" title="South American sea lion">South American sea lion (<i>Otaria flavescens</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Neophoca" title="Neophoca">Neophoca</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_sea_lion" title="Australian sea lion">Australian sea lion (<i>N. cinerea</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_sea_lion" title="New Zealand sea lion">New Zealand sea lion (<i>Phocarctos hookeri</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Arctocephalus" title="Arctocephalus">Arctocephalus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_American_fur_seal" title="South American fur seal">South American fur seal (<i>A. australis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctocephalus_forsteri" title="Arctocephalus forsteri">Australasian fur seal (<i>A. forsteri</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gal%C3%A1pagos_fur_seal" title="Galápagos fur seal">Galápagos fur seal (<i>A. galapagoensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_fur_seal" title="Antarctic fur seal">Antarctic fur seal (<i>A. gazella</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Fern%C3%A1ndez_fur_seal" title="Juan Fernández fur seal">Juan Fernández fur seal (<i>A. philippii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_fur_seal" title="Brown fur seal">Brown fur seal (<i>A. pusillus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadalupe_fur_seal" title="Guadalupe fur seal">Guadalupe fur seal (<i>A. townsendi</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subantarctic_fur_seal" title="Subantarctic fur seal">Subantarctic fur seal (<i>A. tropicalis</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1em;;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Earless_seal" title="Earless seal">Phocidae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(earless seals<br />or true seals)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1em;;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Phocinae" title="Phocinae">Phocinae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">("northern seals")</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bearded_seal" title="Bearded seal">Bearded seal (<i>Erignathus barbatus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hooded_seal" title="Hooded seal">Hooded seal (<i>Cystophora cristata</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Phocini" class="mw-redirect" title="Phocini">Phocini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harp_seal" title="Harp seal">Harp seal (<i>Pagophilus groenlandicus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ribbon_seal" title="Ribbon seal">Ribbon seal (<i>Histriophoca fasciata</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey_seal" title="Grey seal">Grey seal (<i>Halichoerus grypus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Phoca" title="Phoca">Phoca</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spotted_seal" title="Spotted seal">Spotted seal (<i>P. largha</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harbor_seal" title="Harbor seal">Harbor seal (<i>P. vitulina</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Pusa" title="Pusa">Pusa</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_seal" title="Caspian seal">Caspian seal (<i>P. caspica</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ringed_seal" title="Ringed seal">Ringed seal (<i>P. hispida</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baikal_seal" title="Baikal seal">Baikal seal (<i>P. sibirica</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1em;;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Monachinae" title="Monachinae">Monachinae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">("southern seals")</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Monachini(monk_seals)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Monk_seal" title="Monk seal">Monachini</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(monk seals)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_monk_seal" title="Mediterranean monk seal">Mediterranean monk seal (<i>Monachus monachus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Neomonachus" title="Neomonachus">Neomonachus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_monk_seal" title="Hawaiian monk seal">Hawaiian monk seal (<i>N. schauinslandi</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Elephant_seal" title="Elephant seal">Mirounga</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(elephant seals)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_elephant_seal" title="Northern elephant seal">Northern elephant seal (<i>M. angustirostris</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_elephant_seal" title="Southern elephant seal">Southern elephant seal (<i>M. leonina</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Lobodontini" title="Lobodontini">Lobodontini</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(Antarctic seals)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leopard_seal" title="Leopard seal">Leopard seal (<i>Hydrurga leptonyx</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weddell_seal" title="Weddell seal">Weddell seal (<i>Leptonychotes weddellii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crabeater_seal" title="Crabeater seal">Crabeater seal (<i>Lobodon carcinophagus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_seal" title="Ross seal">Ross seal (<i>Ommatophoca rossi</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Musteloidea" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Musteloidea" title="Musteloidea">Musteloidea</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Ailuridae" title="Ailuridae">Ailuridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_panda" title="Red panda">Red panda (<i>Ailurus fulgens</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Mephitidae" title="Mephitidae">Mephitidae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Skunk" title="Skunk">skunks</a>)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Hog-nosed_skunk" title="Hog-nosed skunk">Conepatus</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(hog-nosed skunks)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Molina%27s_hog-nosed_skunk" title="Molina's hog-nosed skunk">Molina's hog-nosed skunk (<i>C. chinga</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humboldt%27s_hog-nosed_skunk" title="Humboldt's hog-nosed skunk">Humboldt's hog-nosed skunk (<i>C. humboldtii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_hog-nosed_skunk" title="American hog-nosed skunk">American hog-nosed skunk (<i>C. leuconotus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Striped_hog-nosed_skunk" title="Striped hog-nosed skunk">Striped hog-nosed skunk (<i>C. semistriatus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Mephitis_(genus)" title="Mephitis (genus)">Mephitis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hooded_skunk" title="Hooded skunk">Hooded skunk (<i>M. macroura</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Striped_skunk" title="Striped skunk">Striped skunk (<i>M. mephitis</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Stink_badger" title="Stink badger">Mydaus</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(stink badgers)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunda_stink_badger" title="Sunda stink badger">Sunda stink badger (<i>M. javanensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palawan_stink_badger" title="Palawan stink badger">Palawan stink badger (<i>M. marchei</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Spotted_skunk" title="Spotted skunk">Spilogale</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(spotted skunks)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_spotted_skunk" title="Southern spotted skunk">Southern spotted skunk (<i>S. angustifrons</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_spotted_skunk" title="Western spotted skunk">Western spotted skunk (<i>S. gracilis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_spotted_skunk" title="Eastern spotted skunk">Eastern spotted skunk (<i>S. putorius</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pygmy_spotted_skunk" title="Pygmy spotted skunk">Pygmy spotted skunk (<i>S. pygmaea</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Procyonidae" title="Procyonidae">Procyonidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kinkajou" title="Kinkajou">Kinkajou (<i>Potos flavus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Bassariscus" title="Bassariscus">Bassariscus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ringtail" title="Ringtail">Ringtail (<i>B. astutus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cacomistle" title="Cacomistle">Cacomistle (<i>B. sumichrasti</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Procyon_(genus)" title="Procyon (genus)">Procyon</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(raccoons)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crab-eating_raccoon" title="Crab-eating raccoon">Crab-eating raccoon (<i>P. cancrivorus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raccoon" title="Raccoon">Raccoon (<i>P. lotor</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cozumel_raccoon" title="Cozumel raccoon">Cozumel raccoon (<i>P. pygmaeus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Bassaricyon" title="Bassaricyon">Bassaricyon</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(olingos)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_lowland_olingo" title="Eastern lowland olingo">Eastern lowland olingo (<i>B. alleni</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_olingo" title="Northern olingo">Northern olingo (<i>B. gabbii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_lowland_olingo" title="Western lowland olingo">Western lowland olingo (<i>B. medius</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olinguito" title="Olinguito">Olinguito (<i>B. neblina</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Coati" title="Coati">Nasuina</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(coatis)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Nasua" title="Nasua">Nasua</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_American_coati" title="South American coati">South American coati (<i>N. nasua</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-nosed_coati" title="White-nosed coati">White-nosed coati (<i>N. narica</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Nasuella" title="Nasuella">Nasuella</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nasuella_meridensis" title="Nasuella meridensis">Eastern mountain coati (<i>N. meridensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasuella_olivacea" title="Nasuella olivacea">Western mountain coati (<i>N. olivacea</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Mustelidae" title="Mustelidae">Mustelidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see below↓</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Mustelidae" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mustelidae" title="Mustelidae">Mustelidae</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Mustelidae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg)"><a href="/wiki/Mustelidae" title="Mustelidae">Mustelidae</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_badger" title="American badger">American badger (<i>Taxidea taxus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Mellivora" title="Mellivora">Mellivora</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Honey_badger" title="Honey badger">Honey badger (<i>M. capensis</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Badger" title="Badger">Melinae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(Eurasian badgers)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Hog_badger" title="Hog badger">Arctonyx</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_hog_badger" title="Northern hog badger">Northern hog badger (<i>A. albogularis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_hog_badger" title="Greater hog badger">Greater hog badger (<i>A. collaris</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumatran_hog_badger" title="Sumatran hog badger">Sumatran hog badger (<i>A. hoevenii</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Meles_(genus)" title="Meles (genus)">Meles</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_badger" title="Japanese badger">Japanese badger (<i>M. anakuma</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasian_badger" title="Caucasian badger">Caucasian badger (<i>M. canescens</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_badger" title="Asian badger">Asian badger (<i>M. leucurus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_badger" title="European badger">European badger (<i>M. meles</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Ferret-badger" title="Ferret-badger">Melogale</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(ferret-badgers)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_ferret-badger" title="Vietnam ferret-badger">Vietnam ferret-badger (<i>M. cucphuongensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bornean_ferret_badger" title="Bornean ferret badger">Bornean ferret badger (<i>M. everetti</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_ferret-badger" title="Chinese ferret-badger">Chinese ferret-badger (<i>M. moschata</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javan_ferret-badger" title="Javan ferret-badger">Javan ferret-badger (<i>M. orientalis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_ferret-badger" title="Burmese ferret-badger">Burmese ferret-badger (<i>M. personata</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formosan_ferret-badger" title="Formosan ferret-badger">Formosan ferret-badger (<i>M. subaurantiaca</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Guloninae" title="Guloninae">Guloninae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tayra" title="Tayra">Tayra (<i>Eira barbara</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Pekania" title="Pekania">Pekania</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fisher_(animal)" title="Fisher (animal)">Fisher (<i>P. pennanti</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Gulo" title="Gulo">Gulo</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wolverine" title="Wolverine">Wolverine (<i>G. gulo</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Marten" title="Marten">Martes</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(martens)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_marten" title="American marten">American marten (<i>M. americana</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_marten" title="Pacific marten">Pacific marten (<i>M. caurina</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow-throated_marten" title="Yellow-throated marten">Yellow-throated marten (<i>M. flavigula</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beech_marten" title="Beech marten">Beech marten (<i>M. foina</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilgiri_marten" title="Nilgiri marten">Nilgiri marten (<i>M. gwatkinsii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_pine_marten" title="European pine marten">European pine marten (<i>M. martes</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_marten" title="Japanese marten">Japanese marten (<i>M. melampus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sable" title="Sable">Sable (<i>M. zibellina</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Ictonychinae" title="Ictonychinae">Ictonychinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lyncodontini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lyncodontini (page does not exist)">Lyncodontini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patagonian_weasel" title="Patagonian weasel">Patagonian weasel (<i>Lyncodon patagonicus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Galictis" title="Galictis">Galictis</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(grisons)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lesser_grison" title="Lesser grison">Lesser grison (<i>G. cuja</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_grison" title="Greater grison">Greater grison (<i>G. vittata</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ictonychini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ictonychini (page does not exist)">Ictonychini</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(African polecats)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Vormela" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Marbled_polecat" title="Marbled polecat">Vormela</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marbled_polecat" title="Marbled polecat">Marbled polecat (<i>V. peregusna</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_striped_weasel" title="African striped weasel">African striped weasel (<i>Poecilogale albinucha</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ictonyx" title="Ictonyx">Ictonyx</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saharan_striped_polecat" title="Saharan striped polecat">Saharan striped polecat (<i>I. libycus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Striped_polecat" title="Striped polecat">Striped polecat (<i>I. striatus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Otter" title="Otter">Lutrinae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(otters)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giant_otter" title="Giant otter">Giant otter (<i>Pteronura brasiliensis</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Lontra" title="Lontra">Lontra</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_American_river_otter" title="North American river otter">North American river otter (<i>L. canadensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_otter" title="Marine otter">Marine otter (<i>L. felina</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neotropical_otter" title="Neotropical otter">Neotropical otter (<i>L. longicaudis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_river_otter" title="Southern river otter">Southern river otter (<i>L. provocax</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Enhydra" title="Enhydra">Enhydra</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sea_otter" title="Sea otter">Sea otter (<i>E. lutris</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spotted-necked_otter" title="Spotted-necked otter">Spotted-necked otter (<i>Hydrictis maculicollis</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Lutra" title="Lutra">Lutra</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_otter" title="Eurasian otter">Eurasian otter (<i>L. lutra</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hairy-nosed_otter" title="Hairy-nosed otter">Hairy-nosed otter (<i>L. sumatrana</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Lutrogale" title="Lutrogale">Lutrogale</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smooth-coated_otter" title="Smooth-coated otter">Smooth-coated otter (<i>L. perspicillata</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Aonyx" title="Aonyx">Aonyx</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_clawless_otter" title="African clawless otter">African clawless otter (<i>A. capensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_small-clawed_otter" title="Asian small-clawed otter">Asian small-clawed otter (<i>A. cinereus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congo_clawless_otter" title="Congo clawless otter">Congo clawless otter (<i>A. congicus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Mustelinae" title="Mustelinae">Mustelinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Neogale" title="Neogale">Neogale</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_weasel" title="Amazon weasel">Amazon weasel (<i>N. africana</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_weasel" title="Colombian weasel">Colombian weasel (<i>N. felipei</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long-tailed_weasel" title="Long-tailed weasel">Long-tailed weasel (<i>N. frenata</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_mink" title="American mink">American mink (<i>N. vison</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Weasel" title="Weasel">Mustela</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(weasels)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mustela_aistoodonnivalis" title="Mustela aistoodonnivalis">Sichuan weasel (<i>M. aistoodonnivalis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_weasel" title="Mountain weasel">Mountain weasel (<i>M. altaica</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoat" title="Stoat">Stoat/Beringian ermine (<i>M. erminea</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steppe_polecat" title="Steppe polecat">Steppe polecat (<i>M. eversmannii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferret" title="Ferret">Ferret (<i>M. furo</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haida_ermine" title="Haida ermine">Haida ermine (<i>M. haidarum</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_weasel" title="Japanese weasel">Japanese weasel (<i>M. itatsi</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow-bellied_weasel" title="Yellow-bellied weasel">Yellow-bellied weasel (<i>M. kathiah</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_mink" title="European mink">European mink (<i>M. lutreola</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_mountain_weasel" title="Indonesian mountain weasel">Indonesian mountain weasel (<i>M. lutreolina</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-footed_ferret" title="Black-footed ferret">Black-footed ferret (<i>M. nigripes</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Least_weasel" title="Least weasel">Least weasel (<i>M. nivalis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayan_weasel" title="Malayan weasel">Malayan weasel (<i>M. nudipes</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_polecat" title="European polecat">European polecat (<i>M. putorius</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_ermine" title="American ermine">American ermine (<i>M. richardsonii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_weasel" title="Siberian weasel">Siberian weasel (<i>M. sibirica</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Back-striped_weasel" title="Back-striped weasel">Back-striped weasel (<i>M. strigidorsa</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Carnivora</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25306" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q25306">Q25306</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Carnivora" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Carnivora">Carnivora</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Carnivora/">Carnivora</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Faunal_Directory" title="Australian Faunal Directory">AFD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/Carnivora">Carnivora</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">BioLib: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id1678">1678</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=260">260</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/VS">VS</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/7662">7662</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1CARNO">1CARNO</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">Fauna Europaea</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:faunaeur.org:taxname:12632">12632</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">Fauna Europaea (new)</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fauna-eu.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/8fcfc7d5-eb20-462d-8b7d-082c9c7d93c8">8fcfc7d5-eb20-462d-8b7d-082c9c7d93c8</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/732">732</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/41573">41573</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=12116">12116</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=180539">180539</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Mammal_Species_of_the_World" title="Mammal Species of the World">MSW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?s=y&id=14000001">14000001</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Biodiversity_Network" title="National Biodiversity Network">NBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nbn.org.uk/Taxa/NHMSYS0000376165">NHMSYS0000376165</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=33554">33554</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/7da8f2cc-05ba-4604-a188-0fcc687475b7">7da8f2cc-05ba-4604-a188-0fcc687475b7</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=44565">44565</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=36905">36905</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plazi" title="Plazi">Plazi</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0787CD-0A45-FF9B-FDAB-FF27E60326DF">AB0787CD-0A45-FF9B-FDAB-FF27E60326DF</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">WoRMS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=2687">2687</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25306#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25306#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25306#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/847688/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4177019-5">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85020383">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11935538r">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11935538r">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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