CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>All Souls College, Oxford - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"87b771dd-ac9a-4a77-b8e2-d461172ac5e9","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"All_Souls_College,_Oxford","wgTitle":"All Souls College, Oxford","wgCurRevisionId":1258006176,"wgRevisionId":1258006176,"wgArticleId":128284,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Webarchive template wayback links","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","EngvarB from January 2020","Use dmy dates from January 2020","Coordinates on Wikidata","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from March 2021","Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2011","All articles containing potentially dated statements", "Commons category link from Wikidata","Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference","All Souls College, Oxford","1438 establishments in England","Colleges of the University of Oxford","Educational institutions established in the 15th century","Grade I listed buildings in Oxford","Grade I listed educational buildings","Nicholas Hawksmoor buildings","Buildings and structures of the University of Oxford","Charities based in England","University of Oxford examinations","Postgraduate colleges in British universities"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"All_Souls_College,_Oxford","wgRelevantArticleId":128284,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgRedirectedFrom":"All_Souls_College","wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags": {"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgInternalRedirectTargetUrl":"/wiki/All_Souls_College,_Oxford","wgCoordinates":{"lat":51.753279,"lon":-1.253041},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q81092","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false, "wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.view.redirect","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas", "ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/UK-2014-Oxford-All_Souls_College_03.jpg/1200px-UK-2014-Oxford-All_Souls_College_03.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1498"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/UK-2014-Oxford-All_Souls_College_03.jpg/800px-UK-2014-Oxford-All_Souls_College_03.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="999"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/UK-2014-Oxford-All_Souls_College_03.jpg/640px-UK-2014-Oxford-All_Souls_College_03.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="799"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="All Souls College, Oxford - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Souls_College,_Oxford"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Souls_College,_Oxford"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-All_Souls_College_Oxford rootpage-All_Souls_College_Oxford skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=All+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=All+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=All+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=All+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Buildings_and_architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Buildings_and_architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Buildings and architecture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Buildings_and_architecture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Buildings and architecture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Buildings_and_architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-All_Souls_College_Library" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#All_Souls_College_Library"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>All Souls College Library</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-All_Souls_College_Library-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Chapel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wealth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wealth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Wealth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wealth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fellowships" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fellowships"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Fellowships</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Fellowships-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Fellowships subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Fellowships-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Examination_fellowships" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Examination_fellowships"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Examination fellowships</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Examination_fellowships-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notable_candidates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_candidates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Notable candidates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_candidates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Successful" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Successful"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1.1</span> <span>Successful</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Successful-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unsuccessful" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unsuccessful"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1.2</span> <span>Unsuccessful</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unsuccessful-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subjects_of_the_"Essay"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subjects_of_the_"Essay""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Subjects of the "Essay"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subjects_of_the_"Essay"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_fellowships" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_fellowships"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Other fellowships</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_fellowships-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chichele_professorships" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chichele_professorships"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Chichele professorships</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chichele_professorships-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chichele_Lectures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chichele_Lectures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Chichele Lectures</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chichele_Lectures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Customs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Customs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Customs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Customs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-People_associated_with_All_Souls" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#People_associated_with_All_Souls"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>People associated with All Souls</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-People_associated_with_All_Souls-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle People associated with All Souls subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-People_associated_with_All_Souls-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fellows" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fellows"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Fellows</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fellows-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wardens" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wardens"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Wardens</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wardens-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_fiction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_fiction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>In fiction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_fiction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">All Souls College, Oxford</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BCt%C3%BCn_ruhlar_kolleci" title="Bütün ruhlar kolleci – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Bütün ruhlar kolleci" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%B8%E2%80%99_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9C,_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1" title="অল সোলস’ কলেজ, অক্সফোর্ড – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অল সোলস’ কলেজ, অক্সফোর্ড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coleg_yr_Holl_Eneidiau,_Rhydychen" title="Coleg yr Holl Eneidiau, Rhydychen – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Coleg yr Holl Eneidiau, Rhydychen" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Souls_College" title="All Souls College – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="All Souls College" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Souls_College" title="All Souls College – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="All Souls College" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84%D8%B2_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%8C_%D8%A2%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="آل سولز کالج، آکسفورد – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آل سولز کالج، آکسفورد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Souls_College" title="All Souls College – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="All Souls College" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%80_%D5%B0%D5%B8%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D6%84%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%BB_(%D5%95%D6%84%D5%BD%D6%86%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A4)" title="Բոլոր հոգիների քոլեջ (Օքսֆորդ) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բոլոր հոգիների քոլեջ (Օքսֆորդ)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Souls_College,_Oxford" title="All Souls College, Oxford – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="All Souls College, Oxford" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Souls_College" title="All Souls College – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="All Souls College" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9C_%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A1_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%92%27" title="אול סולס קולג' – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אול סולס קולג'" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collegium_Omnium_Animarum_(Oxonia)" title="Collegium Omnium Animarum (Oxonia) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Collegium Omnium Animarum (Oxonia)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Souls_College" title="All Souls College – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="All Souls College" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%BD%E3%82%A6%E3%83%AB%E3%82%BA%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AC%E3%83%83%E3%82%B8_(%E3%82%AA%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6)" title="オール・ソウルズ・カレッジ (オックスフォード大学) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オール・ソウルズ・カレッジ (オックスフォード大学)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Souls_College" title="All Souls College – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="All Souls College" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A4%D9%84%D8%B2_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%8C_%D8%A2%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%88" title="آل ساؤلز کالج، آکسفورڈ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آل ساؤلز کالج، آکسفورڈ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Souls_College" title="All Souls College – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="All Souls College" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Souls_College" title="All Souls College – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="All Souls College" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%85_%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%88" title="Колледж всех душ – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Колледж всех душ" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Souls_College,_Oxford" title="All Souls College, Oxford – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="All Souls College, Oxford" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Souls_koled%C5%BE,_Oksford" title="All Souls koledž, Oksford – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="All Souls koledž, Oksford" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Souls_College" title="All Souls College – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="All Souls College" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Souls_College" title="All Souls College – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="All Souls College" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Souls_Kolej,_Oxford" title="All Souls Kolej, Oxford – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="All Souls Kolej, Oxford" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%96%D1%85_%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%88" title="Коледж всіх душ – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Коледж всіх душ" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84%D8%B2_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%8C_%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%B1%DA%88" title="آل سولز کالج، اوکسفرڈ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آل سولز کالج، اوکسفرڈ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E6%B4%A5%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%87%E7%81%B5%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="牛津大学万灵学院 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="牛津大学万灵学院" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q81092#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/All_Souls_College,_Oxford" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:All_Souls_College,_Oxford" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/All_Souls_College,_Oxford"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/All_Souls_College,_Oxford"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/All_Souls_College,_Oxford" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/All_Souls_College,_Oxford" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&oldid=1258006176" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=All_Souls_College%2C_Oxford&id=1258006176&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAll_Souls_College%2C_Oxford"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAll_Souls_College%2C_Oxford"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=All_Souls_College%2C_Oxford&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:All_Souls_College,_Oxford" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q81092" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&params=51.753279_N_1.253041_W_type:edu"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°45′12″N</span> <span class="longitude">1°15′11″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.753279°N 1.253041°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.753279; -1.253041</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="All Souls College">All Souls College</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">College of the University of Oxford</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">All Souls College</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:UK-2014-Oxford-All_Souls_College_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The twin towers of Hawksmoor's Quadrangle"><img alt="The twin towers of Hawksmoor's Quadrangle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/UK-2014-Oxford-All_Souls_College_03.jpg/270px-UK-2014-Oxford-All_Souls_College_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="337" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/UK-2014-Oxford-All_Souls_College_03.jpg/405px-UK-2014-Oxford-All_Souls_College_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/UK-2014-Oxford-All_Souls_College_03.jpg/540px-UK-2014-Oxford-All_Souls_College_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="7491" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_Chichele.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Arms_of_Chichele.svg/135px-Arms_of_Chichele.svg.png" decoding="async" width="135" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Arms_of_Chichele.svg/203px-Arms_of_Chichele.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Arms_of_Chichele.svg/270px-Arms_of_Chichele.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="602" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><b>Arms:</b> <i>Or, a chevron between three cinquefoils gules</i> (arms of <a href="/wiki/Henry_Chichele" title="Henry Chichele">Henry Chichele</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/High_Street,_Oxford" title="High Street, Oxford">High Street, Oxford</a> OX1 4AL</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&params=51.753279_N_1.253041_W_type:edu"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°45′12″N</span> <span class="longitude">1°15′11″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.753279°N 1.253041°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.753279; -1.253041</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Full name</th><td class="infobox-data">College of All Souls of the Faithful Departed<sup id="cite_ref-statutes_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-statutes-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Latin name</th><td class="infobox-data"><span lang="la" style="font-style:italic">Collegium Omnium Animarum Fidelium Defunctorum de Oxonia<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1438<span class="noprint">; 586 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1438</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Named after</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/All_Souls%27_Day" title="All Souls' Day">Feast of All Souls</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Sister_college" title="Sister college">Sister college</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Trinity_Hall,_Cambridge" title="Trinity Hall, Cambridge">Trinity Hall, Cambridge</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Warden_(college)" title="Warden (college)">Warden</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Vickers" title="John Vickers">Sir John Vickers</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Undergraduates</th><td class="infobox-data">None</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Postgraduates</th><td class="infobox-data">Less than 6<sup>data limitation<br /> (2023)</sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Financial_endowment" title="Financial endowment">Endowment</a></th><td class="infobox-data">£486.7 million (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-allsouls1718_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allsouls1718-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Visitor" title="Visitor">Visitor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Justin_Welby" title="Justin Welby">Justin Welby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Ex_officio" class="mw-redirect" title="Ex officio">ex officio</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-asc-ox-statutes_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-asc-ox-statutes-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asc.ox.ac.uk/">www<wbr />.asc<wbr />.ox<wbr />.ac<wbr />.uk</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Map</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oxford_map_small.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="All Souls College, Oxford is located in Oxford city centre"><img alt="All Souls College, Oxford is located in Oxford city centre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Oxford_map_small.svg/240px-Oxford_map_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="247" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Oxford_map_small.svg/360px-Oxford_map_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Oxford_map_small.svg/480px-Oxford_map_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="370" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:65.912%;left:71.158%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="All Souls College, Oxford"><img alt="All Souls College, Oxford" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Oxford city centre</div></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>All Souls College</b><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (official name: <b>The College of All Souls of the Faithful Departed, of Oxford</b><sup id="cite_ref-statutes_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-statutes-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) is a <a href="/wiki/Colleges_of_the_University_of_Oxford" title="Colleges of the University of Oxford">constituent college</a> of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a> in England. Unique to All Souls, all of its members automatically become <a href="/wiki/Fellow#Ancient_university_fellowships" title="Fellow">fellows</a> (i.e., full members of the college's governing body). It has no student members, but each year, recent graduates at Oxford are eligible to apply for a small number of <a href="#Examination_fellowships">examination fellowships</a> through a <a href="/wiki/Competitive_examination" class="mw-redirect" title="Competitive examination">competitive examination</a> (once described as "the hardest exam in the world") and, for those shortlisted after the examinations, an interview.<sup id="cite_ref-shepherd20100514_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shepherd20100514-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mount20100519_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount20100519-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-guardian20100517_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian20100517-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The college entrance is on the north side of <a href="/wiki/High_Street,_Oxford" title="High Street, Oxford">High Street</a>, whilst it has a long frontage onto <a href="/wiki/Radcliffe_Square" title="Radcliffe Square">Radcliffe Square</a>. To its east is <a href="/wiki/The_Queen%27s_College,_Oxford" title="The Queen's College, Oxford">The Queen's College</a>, whilst <a href="/wiki/Hertford_College,_Oxford" title="Hertford College, Oxford">Hertford College</a> is to the north of All Souls. </p><p>The current <a href="/wiki/List_of_Wardens_of_All_Souls_College,_Oxford" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Wardens of All Souls College, Oxford">warden</a> (head of the college) is <a href="/wiki/John_Vickers" title="John Vickers">Sir John Vickers</a>, a graduate of <a href="/wiki/Oriel_College,_Oxford" title="Oriel College, Oxford">Oriel College, Oxford</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The college was founded by <a href="/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England" title="Henry VI of England">Henry VI of England</a> and <a href="/wiki/Henry_Chichele" title="Henry Chichele">Henry Chichele</a> (fellow of <a href="/wiki/New_College,_Oxford" title="New College, Oxford">New College</a> and <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a>), in 1438, to commemorate the victims of the <a href="/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_War" title="Hundred Years' War">Hundred Years' War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Statutes provided for a warden and 40 fellows; all to take Holy Orders: 24 to study arts and theology; and 16 to study civil or canon law.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Today the college is primarily a research institution, with no student members. All Souls did formerly have students: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hovenden" title="Robert Hovenden">Robert Hovenden</a> (Warden of the college from 1571 to 1614) introduced undergraduates to provide the fellows with <i>servientes</i> (household servants), but this was abandoned by the end of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_England" title="Commonwealth of England">Commonwealth</a>. Four Bible Clerks remained on the foundation until 1924.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For over five hundred years All Souls College admitted only men; women were first allowed to join the college as fellows in 1979,<sup id="cite_ref-All_Souls_College_Oxford_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-All_Souls_College_Oxford-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the same year as many other previously all-male colleges in the university.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The American philosopher <a href="/wiki/Susan_Hurley" title="Susan Hurley">Susan Hurley</a> became the first female fellow in 1981. Conservative fellows opposed this change. Once, upon encountering a woman fellow, the geneticist <a href="/wiki/E._B._Ford" title="E. B. Ford">E. B. Ford</a> swung his umbrella at her and shouted "Out of my way, <a href="/wiki/Chicken" title="Chicken">henbird</a>!".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Buildings_and_architecture">Buildings and architecture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Buildings and architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="All_Souls_College_Library">All Souls College Library</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: All Souls College Library"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/All_Souls_College_Library" title="All Souls College Library">All Souls College Library</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UK-2014-Oxford-All_Souls_College_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/UK-2014-Oxford-All_Souls_College_02.jpg/220px-UK-2014-Oxford-All_Souls_College_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/UK-2014-Oxford-All_Souls_College_02.jpg/330px-UK-2014-Oxford-All_Souls_College_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/UK-2014-Oxford-All_Souls_College_02.jpg/440px-UK-2014-Oxford-All_Souls_College_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7416" data-file-height="5000" /></a><figcaption>All Souls College Library, showing Wren's sundial over the central door</figcaption></figure> <p>The All Souls College Library (formerly known as the Codrington Library) was founded through a 1710 bequest from <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Codrington" title="Christopher Codrington">Christopher Codrington</a> (1668–1710), a fellow of the college and a wealthy slave and sugar plantation owner. Codrington was an undergraduate at Oxford and later became colonial governor of the <a href="/wiki/Leeward_Islands" title="Leeward Islands">Leeward Islands</a>. Christopher Codrington was born in Barbados, and amassed a fortune from <a href="/wiki/Plantation_economy" title="Plantation economy">his sugar plantation in the West Indies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under the terms of his will Codrington bequeathed books worth £6,000 to the college in addition to £10,000 in currency for the library to be rebuilt and endowed. The new library was completed in 1751 to the designs of <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Hawksmoor" title="Nicholas Hawksmoor">Nicholas Hawksmoor</a> and has been in continuous use since then. Today the library comprises some 185,000 items, about a third of which were published before 1800. The collections are particularly strong in law and history (especially military history).<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sir <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Wren" title="Christopher Wren">Christopher Wren</a> was a fellow from 1653. The design of the sundial, produced in 1658 for the south wall of the Chapel, is attributed Wren. The sundial was moved to the quadrangle (above the central entrance to the Library) in 1877.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020, the College decided to cease referring to the Library as 'The Codrington Library' as part of a set of "steps to address the problematic nature of the Codrington legacy", which comes from wealth derived from slave plantations.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:All_Souls_College_Towers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/All_Souls_College_Towers.jpg/220px-All_Souls_College_Towers.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/All_Souls_College_Towers.jpg/330px-All_Souls_College_Towers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/All_Souls_College_Towers.jpg/440px-All_Souls_College_Towers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3023" data-file-height="3289" /></a><figcaption>The double towers of All Souls College, Oxford</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chapel">Chapel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Chapel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Built between 1438 and 1442, the college chapel remained largely unchanged until the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_England,_Scotland_and_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland">Commonwealth</a>. Oxford, having been a largely <a href="/wiki/Royalist" title="Royalist">Royalist</a> stronghold, suffered under the <a href="/wiki/Puritan" class="mw-redirect" title="Puritan">Puritans</a>' wrath. The 42 <a href="/wiki/Misericord" title="Misericord">misericords</a> date from the Chapel's building, and show a resemblance to the misericords at <a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_Church,_Higham_Ferrers" title="St Mary's Church, Higham Ferrers">St Mary's Church, Higham Ferrers</a>. Both may have been carved by Richard Tyllock.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> During the 1660s a screen was installed in the Chapel, which was based on a design by Wren. However, this screen needed to be rebuilt by 1713. By the mid-19th century the Chapel was in great need of renovation, and so the current structure is heavily influenced by Victorian design ideals.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> There have been a number of rearrangements and repairs of the stained glass windows, but much of the original medieval glass survives.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All services at the chapel are according to the <i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer" title="Book of Common Prayer">Book of Common Prayer</a></i>; the <i><a href="/wiki/King_James_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="King James Bible">King James Bible</a></i> is also used rather than more modern translations.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wealth">Wealth</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Wealth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>All Souls is one of the wealthiest colleges in Oxford with a <a href="/wiki/Financial_endowment" title="Financial endowment">financial endowment</a> of £486.7 million (2023).<sup id="cite_ref-allsouls2223_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allsouls2223-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Approximately 95% of its annual income is derived from its endowment as the College does not receive any income from tuition fees.<sup id="cite_ref-allsouls2223_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allsouls2223-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fellowships">Fellowships</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Fellowships"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Examination_fellowships">Examination fellowships</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Examination fellowships"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the three years following the award of their bachelor's or master's degrees, students graduating from Oxford and current Oxford <a href="/wiki/Postgraduate_student" class="mw-redirect" title="Postgraduate student">postgraduate students</a> having graduated elsewhere<sup id="cite_ref-allsouls_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allsouls-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are eligible to apply for examination fellowships (sometimes informally referred to as "prize fellowships") of seven years each. While tutors may advise their students to sit for the All Souls examination fellowship, the examination is open to anybody who fulfils the eligibility criteria and the college does not issue invitations to candidates to sit.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Every year in early March, the college hosts an open evening for women, offering women interested in the examination fellowship an opportunity to find out more about the exam process and to meet members of the college.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Each year several dozen candidates typically sit the examination.<sup id="cite_ref-mount20100519_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount20100519-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wainwright20050108_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wainwright20050108-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two examination fellows are usually elected each year, although the college has awarded a single place or three places in some years, and on rare occasions made no award.<sup id="cite_ref-time19610519_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-time19610519-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The competition, offered since 1878<sup id="cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lyall20100527-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and open to women since 1979,<sup id="cite_ref-mount20100519_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount20100519-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is held over two days in late September, with two papers of three hours each per day. It has been described in the past as "the hardest exam in the world".<sup id="cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lyall20100527-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two papers (the 'specialist papers') are on a single subject of the candidate's choice; the options are <a href="/wiki/Classics" title="Classics">classics</a>, <a href="/wiki/English_literature" title="English literature">English literature</a>, economics, history, law, philosophy, and politics. Candidates may sit their two specialist papers in different specialist subjects, provided each paper is in one subject only (for example, a candidate might sit one paper in History and one paper in Politics). Candidates who choose Classics have an additional translation examination on a third day.<sup id="cite_ref-allsouls_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allsouls-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two papers (the 'general papers') are on general subjects. For each general examination, candidates choose three questions from a list.<sup id="cite_ref-sample20100527_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sample20100527-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Past questions have included: </p> <ul><li><span style="padding-right:.15em;">"</span>'If a man could say nothing against a character but what he could prove, history could not be written' (<a href="/wiki/Samuel_Johnson" title="Samuel Johnson">Samuel Johnson</a>). Discuss."<sup id="cite_ref-mount19991004_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount19991004-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"Should the <a href="/wiki/Orange_Prize_for_Fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Orange Prize for Fiction">Orange Prize for Fiction</a> be open to both men and women?"<sup id="cite_ref-sample20100527_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sample20100527-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"Does the moral character of an orgy change when the participants wear <a href="/wiki/Nazi_uniform" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi uniform">Nazi uniforms</a>?"<sup id="cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lyall20100527-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Before 2010 candidates also faced another examination, a free-form "Essay" on a single, pre-selected word.<sup id="cite_ref-shepherd20100514_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shepherd20100514-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mount20100519_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount20100519-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lyall20100527-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Four to six<sup id="cite_ref-wainwright20050108_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wainwright20050108-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> finalists are invited to a <a href="/wiki/Oral_exam" title="Oral exam">viva voce</a><sup id="cite_ref-time19610519_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-time19610519-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or oral examination.<sup id="cite_ref-allsouls_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allsouls-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Previously, these candidates were then invited to dinner with about 75 members of the college. The dinner did not form part of the assessment, but was intended as a reward for those candidates who had reached the latter stages of the selection process. However, the dinner has been discontinued as the college felt candidates worried too often that it was part of the assessment process.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>About a dozen examination fellows are at the college at any one time.<sup id="cite_ref-mount20100519_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount20100519-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are no compulsory teaching or requirements, although examination fellows must pursue a course of study or research at some point within their first two years of fellowship. They can study anything for free at Oxford with <a href="/wiki/Room_and_board" title="Room and board">room and board</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-allsouls_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allsouls-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As "Londoners" they can pursue approved non-academic careers<sup id="cite_ref-mount20100519_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount20100519-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-allsouls_24-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allsouls-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> if desired, with a reduced stipend, as long as they pursue academia on a part-time basis and attend weekend dinners at the college during their first academic year.<sup id="cite_ref-wainwright20050108_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wainwright20050108-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2011<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> each examination fellow receives a stipend of £14,842<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> annually for the first two years; the stipend then varies depending on whether the fellow pursues an academic career.<sup id="cite_ref-allsouls_24-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allsouls-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Notable_candidates">Notable candidates</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notable candidates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Until 1979, women were not permitted to put themselves forward for fellowships at All Souls.<sup id="cite_ref-All_Souls_College_Oxford_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-All_Souls_College_Oxford-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Successful">Successful</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Successful"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IsaiahBerlin1983.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/IsaiahBerlin1983.jpg/180px-IsaiahBerlin1983.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/IsaiahBerlin1983.jpg/270px-IsaiahBerlin1983.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/IsaiahBerlin1983.jpg/360px-IsaiahBerlin1983.jpg 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="968" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Isaiah_Berlin" title="Isaiah Berlin">Isaiah Berlin</a> – philosopher</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Te_lawrence.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Te_lawrence.jpg/180px-Te_lawrence.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Te_lawrence.jpg/270px-Te_lawrence.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Te_lawrence.jpg/360px-Te_lawrence.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="563" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/T._E._Lawrence" title="T. E. Lawrence">T. E. Lawrence</a> – "Lawrence of Arabia"</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Amery" title="Leo Amery">Leo Amery</a> (1897),<sup id="cite_ref-anson_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anson-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._L._Austin" title="J. L. Austin">J. L. Austin</a> (1933),<sup id="cite_ref-nagel20230907_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nagel20230907-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> philosopher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaiah_Berlin" title="Isaiah Berlin">Sir Isaiah Berlin</a> (1932),<sup id="cite_ref-mount19991004_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount19991004-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> philosopher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Earle_Buckle" title="George Earle Buckle">George Earle Buckle</a> (1877),<sup id="cite_ref-anson_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anson-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> journalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Curzon,_1st_Marquess_Curzon_of_Kedleston" title="George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston">George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston</a> (1883),<sup id="cite_ref-mount19991004_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount19991004-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-anson_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anson-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Viceroy_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Viceroy of India">Viceroy of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Dawson" title="Geoffrey Dawson">Geoffrey Dawson</a> (1898),<sup id="cite_ref-anson_33-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anson-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> journalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_d%27Ancona" title="Matthew d'Ancona">Matthew d'Ancona</a> (1989),<sup id="cite_ref-mount19991004_31-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount19991004-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> journalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Gardner_(legal_philosopher)" title="John Gardner (legal philosopher)">John Gardner</a> (1986),<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> legal philosopher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birke_H%C3%A4cker" title="Birke Häcker">Birke Häcker</a> (2001), legal scholar<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quintin_Hogg,_Baron_Hailsham_of_St_Marylebone" title="Quintin Hogg, Baron Hailsham of St Marylebone">Quintin Hogg, Baron Hailsham of St Marylebone</a> (1931),<sup id="cite_ref-cc_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cc-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> politician and philosopher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Jay" title="Douglas Jay">Douglas Jay</a>, Baron Jay (1930),<sup id="cite_ref-lacey2006_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lacey2006-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Jenkyns_(professor)" title="Richard Jenkyns (professor)">Richard Jenkyns</a> (1972), classical historian and literary critic</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Joseph" title="Keith Joseph">Keith Joseph</a>, Baron Joseph (1946),<sup id="cite_ref-guardian20100517_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian20100517-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._E._Lawrence" title="T. E. Lawrence">T. E. Lawrence</a> (1919), "Lawrence of Arabia", military officer, writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._N._Srinivas" title="M. N. Srinivas">M. N. Srinivas</a>, Social anthropologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Morse" title="Jeremy Morse">Sir Jeremy Morse</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-mount19991004_31-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount19991004-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> banker</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Mortimer" title="Edward Mortimer">Edward Mortimer</a> (1965) journalist, author, international public servant</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marius_Ostrowski" title="Marius Ostrowski">Marius Ostrowski</a> (2013),<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> political theorist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Pannick,_Baron_Pannick" title="David Pannick, Baron Pannick">David Pannick, Baron Pannick</a> (1978),<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> barrister</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derek_Parfit" title="Derek Parfit">Derek Parfit</a> (1974),<sup id="cite_ref-parfit_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-parfit-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> philosopher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Redwood" title="John Redwood">Sir John Redwood</a> (1972),<sup id="cite_ref-mount19991004_31-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount19991004-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._L._Rowse" title="A. L. Rowse">A. L. Rowse</a> (1925),<sup id="cite_ref-mount19991004_31-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount19991004-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> historian and poet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Rundell" title="Katherine Rundell">Katherine Rundell</a> (2008),<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amia_Srinivasan" title="Amia Srinivasan">Amia Srinivasan</a> (2009), philosopher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Simon,_1st_Viscount_Simon" title="John Simon, 1st Viscount Simon">John Simon, 1st Viscount Simon</a> (1897),<sup id="cite_ref-anson_33-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anson-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Waldegrave,_Baron_Waldegrave_of_North_Hill" title="William Waldegrave, Baron Waldegrave of North Hill">William Waldegrave, Baron Waldegrave of North Hill</a> (1971),<sup id="cite_ref-mount19991004_31-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount19991004-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wilberforce,_Baron_Wilberforce" title="Richard Wilberforce, Baron Wilberforce">Richard Wilberforce, Baron Wilberforce</a> (1932),<sup id="cite_ref-shepherd20100514_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shepherd20100514-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> jurist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Williams" title="Bernard Williams">Sir Bernard Williams</a> (1951),<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> philosopher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crispin_Wright" title="Crispin Wright">Crispin Wright</a> (1969), philosopher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Vickers" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir John Vickers">Sir John Vickers</a> (1979), economist</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Unsuccessful">Unsuccessful</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Unsuccessful"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hugh_Trevor-Roper_(1975).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Hugh_Trevor-Roper_%281975%29.jpg/180px-Hugh_Trevor-Roper_%281975%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Hugh_Trevor-Roper_%281975%29.jpg/270px-Hugh_Trevor-Roper_%281975%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Hugh_Trevor-Roper_%281975%29.jpg/360px-Hugh_Trevor-Roper_%281975%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1295" data-file-height="1727" /></a><figcaption>Baron <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Trevor-Roper" title="Hugh Trevor-Roper">Hugh Trevor-Roper</a> – historian</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hilaire_Belloc" title="Hilaire Belloc">Hilaire Belloc</a> (1895),<sup id="cite_ref-mount19991004_31-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount19991004-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Buchan" title="John Buchan">John Buchan</a>, 1st Baron Tweedsmuir (1899),<sup id="cite_ref-mount19991004_31-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount19991004-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-buchanbio_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-buchanbio-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> author and <a href="/wiki/Governor_General_of_Canada" title="Governor General of Canada">Governor General of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_David_Cecil" title="Lord David Cecil">Lord David Cecil</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-mount19991004_31-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount19991004-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._L._A._Hart" title="H. L. A. Hart">H. L. A. Hart</a> (1929, 1930),<sup id="cite_ref-lacey2006_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lacey2006-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> philosopher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Holdsworth" class="mw-redirect" title="William Holdsworth">Sir William Holdsworth</a> (1897),<sup id="cite_ref-anson_33-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anson-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> legal historian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmo_Gordon_Lang" title="Cosmo Gordon Lang">Cosmo Gordon Lang</a>, 1st Baron Lang of Lambeth (1888),<sup id="cite_ref-anson_33-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anson-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Mount" title="Harry Mount">Harry Mount</a> (1994),<sup id="cite_ref-mount20100519_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount20100519-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> journalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_Muir" title="Ramsay Muir">Ramsay Muir</a> (1897),<sup id="cite_ref-anson_33-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anson-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Denning,_Baron_Denning" title="Tom Denning, Baron Denning">Tom Denning, Baron Denning</a> (1923),<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> jurist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Trevor-Roper" title="Hugh Trevor-Roper">Hugh Trevor-Roper</a>, Baron Dacre of Glanton,<sup id="cite_ref-mount19991004_31-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount19991004-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> historian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Williams" title="Eric Williams">Eric Williams</a>, historian and politician<sup id="cite_ref-dabhoiwala20210701_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dabhoiwala20210701-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Harold Wilson</a>, Baron Wilson of Rievaulx,<sup id="cite_ref-pimlott1992_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pimlott1992-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister of the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Bingham,_Baron_Bingham_of_Cornhill" title="Tom Bingham, Baron Bingham of Cornhill">Tom Bingham, Baron Bingham of Cornhill</a>, jurist</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Subjects_of_the_"Essay""><span id="Subjects_of_the_.22Essay.22"></span>Subjects of the "Essay"</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Subjects of the "Essay""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>"bias"<sup id="cite_ref-shepherd20100514_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shepherd20100514-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mount20100519_9-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount20100519-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"censorship"<sup id="cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lyall20100527-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"chaos"<sup id="cite_ref-mount20100519_9-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount20100519-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lyall20100527-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mount19991004_31-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount19991004-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"charity"<sup id="cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lyall20100527-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"comedy"<sup id="cite_ref-hensher20100524_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hensher20100524-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"conversion" (1979)<sup id="cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lyall20100527-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-little20100520_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-little20100520-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"corruption"<sup id="cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lyall20100527-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"culture" (1914)<sup id="cite_ref-little20100520_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-little20100520-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"diversity" (2001)</li> <li>"error" (1993)<sup id="cite_ref-mount20100519_9-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount20100519-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"harmony" (2007)<sup id="cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lyall20100527-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sample20100527_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sample20100527-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"innocence" (1964)<sup id="cite_ref-shepherd20100514_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shepherd20100514-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mount20100519_9-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount20100519-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lyall20100527-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"integrity" (2004)<sup id="cite_ref-wainwright20050108_27-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wainwright20050108-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"mercy"<sup id="cite_ref-mount20100519_9-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount20100519-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lyall20100527-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mount19991004_31-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount19991004-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"miracles" (1994)<sup id="cite_ref-shepherd20100514_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shepherd20100514-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mount19991004_31-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount19991004-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"morality"<sup id="cite_ref-mount20100519_9-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount20100519-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"novelty" (2008)<sup id="cite_ref-shepherd20100514_8-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shepherd20100514-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mount20100519_9-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount20100519-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lyall20100527-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sample20100527_30-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sample20100527-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"originality"<sup id="cite_ref-little20100520_49-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-little20100520-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"possessions" (1925)<sup id="cite_ref-mount19991004_31-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount19991004-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"reproduction" (2009)<sup id="cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lyall20100527-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sample20100527_30-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sample20100527-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-little20100520_49-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-little20100520-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"style" (2005)<sup id="cite_ref-mount20100519_9-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount20100519-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lyall20100527-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sample20100527_30-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sample20100527-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"water" (2006)<sup id="cite_ref-shepherd20100514_8-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shepherd20100514-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mount20100519_9-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mount20100519-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sample20100527_30-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sample20100527-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_fellowships">Other fellowships</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Other fellowships"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Other categories of fellowship include: </p> <ul><li>Senior research fellows (a renewable seven year appointment)</li> <li>Extraordinary research fellows (elected to conduct research into the college's history)</li> <li>Visiting fellows (academics from other universities, usually elected for a period of one term to one year)</li> <li>Post-doctoral research fellows (a non-renewable five year post open to those who have recently completed doctoral study at a recognised university)</li> <li>Fifty-pound fellows (open only to former fellows no longer holding posts in Oxford)</li> <li>Official fellows (consisting of holders of college posts, such as the Domestic Bursar, Estates Bursar, Chaplain, and Fellow Librarian)</li> <li>Distinguished fellows</li></ul> <p>There are also a number of professorial fellows who hold their fellowships by virtue of their University post. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chichele_professorships">Chichele professorships</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Chichele professorships"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fellows of the college include the <a href="/wiki/Chichele_Professorship" title="Chichele Professorship">Chichele professors</a>, who hold <a href="/wiki/Statutory" class="mw-redirect" title="Statutory">statutory</a> <a href="/wiki/Professorship" class="mw-redirect" title="Professorship">professorships</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a> named in honour of <a href="/wiki/Henry_Chichele" title="Henry Chichele">Henry Chichele</a>, a founder of the college. <a href="/wiki/Fellow" title="Fellow">Fellowship</a> of the college has accompanied the award of a Chichele <a href="/wiki/Chair_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chair (academic)">chair</a> since 1870. </p><p>Following the work of the 1850 Commission to examine the organisation of the university, the college suppressed ten of its fellowships to create the funds to establish the first two Chichele professorships: The <a href="/wiki/Chichele_Professor_of_International_Law_and_Diplomacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Chichele Professor of International Law and Diplomacy">Chichele Professor of International Law and Diplomacy</a>, established in 1859 and first held by <a href="/wiki/Mountague_Bernard" title="Mountague Bernard">Mountague Bernard</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Chichele_Professor_of_Modern_History" class="mw-redirect" title="Chichele Professor of Modern History">Chichele Professor of Modern History</a>, first held by <a href="/wiki/Montagu_Burrows" title="Montagu Burrows">Montagu Burrows</a>. </p><p>There are currently Chichele Professorships in five different subjects: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chichele_Professor_of_Economic_History" class="mw-redirect" title="Chichele Professor of Economic History">Chichele Professor of Economic History</a>: <a href="/wiki/Kevin_O%27Rourke" title="Kevin O'Rourke">Kevin O'Rourke</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chichele_Professor_of_the_History_of_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Chichele Professor of the History of War">Chichele Professor of the History of War</a>: <a href="/wiki/Peter_H._Wilson" title="Peter H. Wilson">Peter H. Wilson</a> appointed 2015;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chichele_Professor_of_Public_International_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Chichele Professor of Public International Law">Chichele Professor of Public International Law</a>: <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Redgwell" title="Catherine Redgwell">Catherine Redgwell</a> appointed 2012;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chichele_Professor_of_Social_and_Political_Theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Chichele Professor of Social and Political Theory">Chichele Professor of Social and Political Theory</a>: <a href="/wiki/Amia_Srinivasan" title="Amia Srinivasan">Amia Srinivasan</a> appointed 2019; and</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chichele_Professor_of_Medieval_History" class="mw-redirect" title="Chichele Professor of Medieval History">Chichele Professor of Medieval History</a>: <a href="/wiki/Julia_M._H._Smith" title="Julia M. H. Smith">Julia M. H. Smith</a>, appointed September 2016.</li></ul> <p>Probably the best known former Chichele Professor is <a href="/wiki/Isaiah_Berlin" title="Isaiah Berlin">Sir Isaiah Berlin</a>. Perhaps the best known former Professor of the History of War was <a href="/wiki/Cyril_Falls" title="Cyril Falls">Cyril Falls</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chichele_Lectures">Chichele Lectures</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Chichele Lectures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Chichele_Lectures" title="Chichele Lectures">Chichele Lectures</a> are a prestigious series of lectures formally established in 1912 and sponsored by All Souls College. The lectures were initially restricted to foreign history, but have since been expanded to include law, political theory, economic theory, as well as foreign and British history. Traditionally the lectures were delivered by a single speaker, but it is now common for several speakers to deliver lectures on a common theme.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Customs">Customs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Customs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Every hundred years, and generally on 14 January, there is a commemorative feast after which the fellows parade around the college with flaming torches, singing the <i><a href="/wiki/Mallard_Song" title="Mallard Song">Mallard Song</a></i> and led by a "Lord Mallard" who is carried in a chair, in search of a legendary mallard that supposedly flew out of the foundations of the college when it was being built.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the hunt the Lord Mallard is preceded by a man bearing a pole to which a mallard is tied – originally a live bird, latterly either dead (1901) or carved from wood (2001). The last mallard ceremony was in 2001<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the next is due in 2101. The precise origin of the custom is not known, but it dates from at least 1632.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A benign parody of this custom has been portrayed as the <a href="/wiki/Unseen_University" title="Unseen University">Unseen University</a>'s "Megapode chase" in Sir <a href="/wiki/Terry_Pratchett" title="Terry Pratchett">Terry Pratchett</a>'s 2009 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Unseen_Academicals" title="Unseen Academicals">Unseen Academicals</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="People_associated_with_All_Souls">People associated with All Souls</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: People associated with All Souls"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fellows">Fellows</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Fellows"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Fellows_of_All_Souls_College,_Oxford" title="Category:Fellows of All Souls College, Oxford">Category:Fellows of All Souls College, Oxford</a></div> <p>Past and current fellows of the college have included: </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_recorde.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Robert_recorde.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="120" data-file-height="120" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Robert_Recorde" title="Robert Recorde">Robert Recorde</a> – inventor of the Western "<a href="/wiki/Equals_sign" title="Equals sign">equals sign</a>" (=).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brownlow_North_by_Kettle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Brownlow_North_by_Kettle.jpg/127px-Brownlow_North_by_Kettle.jpg" decoding="async" width="127" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Brownlow_North_by_Kettle.jpg/191px-Brownlow_North_by_Kettle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Brownlow_North_by_Kettle.jpg/254px-Brownlow_North_by_Kettle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1865" data-file-height="2200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Brownlow_North" title="Brownlow North">Brownlow North</a> – Bishop of Lichfield in 1771, Bishop of Worcester in 1774, and Bishop of Winchester in 1781. Portrait by <a href="/wiki/Tilly_Kettle" title="Tilly Kettle">Tilly Kettle</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:George_Nathaniel_Curzon,_Marquess_Curzon_of_Kedleston_by_John_Cooke.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/George_Nathaniel_Curzon%2C_Marquess_Curzon_of_Kedleston_by_John_Cooke.jpg/116px-George_Nathaniel_Curzon%2C_Marquess_Curzon_of_Kedleston_by_John_Cooke.jpg" decoding="async" width="116" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/George_Nathaniel_Curzon%2C_Marquess_Curzon_of_Kedleston_by_John_Cooke.jpg/174px-George_Nathaniel_Curzon%2C_Marquess_Curzon_of_Kedleston_by_John_Cooke.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/George_Nathaniel_Curzon%2C_Marquess_Curzon_of_Kedleston_by_John_Cooke.jpg/232px-George_Nathaniel_Curzon%2C_Marquess_Curzon_of_Kedleston_by_John_Cooke.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3098" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/George_Nathaniel_Curzon" class="mw-redirect" title="George Nathaniel Curzon">George Nathaniel Curzon</a> by John Cooke – <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">British Conservative</a> statesman who was <a href="/wiki/Viceroy_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Viceroy of India">Viceroy of India</a> and <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Secretary_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign Secretary (UK)">Foreign Secretary.</a> Portrait after <a href="/wiki/John_Singer_Sargent" title="John Singer Sargent">John Singer Sargent</a>.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Emmanuel_Abraham" title="William Emmanuel Abraham">William Emmanuel Abraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwakar_Acharya" title="Diwakar Acharya">Diwakar Acharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Amery" title="Leo Amery">Leo Amery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Reynell_Anson" class="mw-redirect" title="William Reynell Anson">William Reynell Anson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Ashworth" title="Andrew Ashworth">Andrew Ashworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._W._Bain" title="F. W. Bain">F. W. Bain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Beloff" class="mw-redirect" title="Max Beloff">Max Beloff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaiah_Berlin" title="Isaiah Berlin">Isaiah Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Bent" title="Margaret Bent">Margaret Bent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Besley" title="Tim Besley">Tim Besley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Birks" title="Peter Birks">Peter Birks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susanne_Bobzien" title="Susanne Bobzien">Susanne Bobzien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Blackstone" title="William Blackstone">William Blackstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Bowie" title="Malcolm Bowie">Malcolm Bowie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Brown_(historian)" title="Peter Brown (historian)">Peter Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Bullard" title="Julian Bullard">Julian Bullard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myles_Burnyeat" title="Myles Burnyeat">Myles Burnyeat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lionel_Harry_Butler" title="Lionel Harry Butler">Lionel Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Carr" title="Raymond Carr">Raymond Carr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Caute" title="David Caute">David Caute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alasdair_Clayre" title="Alasdair Clayre">Alasdair Clayre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Codrington" title="Christopher Codrington">Christopher Codrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Cohen" class="mw-redirect" title="Gerald Cohen">Gerald Cohen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Conrad_(academic)" title="Peter Conrad (academic)">Peter Conrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Nathaniel_Curzon" class="mw-redirect" title="George Nathaniel Curzon">George Nathaniel Curzon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_d%27Ancona" title="Matthew d'Ancona">Matthew d'Ancona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Daube" title="David Daube">David Daube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Dilks" title="David Dilks">David Dilks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Dummett" title="Michael Dummett">Michael Dummett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Evan_Evans-Pritchard" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Evan Evans-Pritchard">Edward Evan Evans-Pritchard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9cile_Fabre" title="Cécile Fabre">Cécile Fabre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheppard_Frere" title="Sheppard Frere">Sheppard Frere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Gambetta" title="Diego Gambetta">Diego Gambetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Gardner_(legal_philosopher)" title="John Gardner (legal philosopher)">John Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gascoyne-Cecil,_3rd_Marquess_of_Salisbury" title="Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury">Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gentilis" title="Robert Gentilis">Robert Gentilis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Gorodetsky" title="Gabriel Gorodetsky">Gabriel Gorodetsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birke_H%C3%A4cker" title="Birke Häcker">Birke Häcker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Harris_(historian)" title="Ruth Harris (historian)">Ruth Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Harvey_(religious_writer)" title="Andrew Harvey (religious writer)">Andrew Harvey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Heber" title="Reginald Heber">Reginald Heber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hensley_Henson" title="Hensley Henson">Hensley Henson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecilia_Heyes" title="Cecilia Heyes">Cecilia Heyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosemary_Hill" title="Rosemary Hill">Rosemary Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quintin_Hogg,_Baron_Hailsham_of_St_Marylebone" title="Quintin Hogg, Baron Hailsham of St Marylebone">Quintin Hogg, Baron Hailsham of St Marylebone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hood" title="Christopher Hood">Christopher Hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hood_(university_administrator)" title="John Hood (university administrator)">John Hood (university administrator)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Hood" title="Roger Hood">Roger Hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Howard_(historian)" title="Michael Howard (historian)">Michael Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Hurley" title="Susan Hurley">Susan Hurley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._F._Jacob" title="E. F. Jacob">E. F. Jacob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Joseph" title="Keith Joseph">Keith Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Kidd" title="Colin Kidd">Colin Kidd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leszek_Ko%C5%82akowski" title="Leszek Kołakowski">Leszek Kołakowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmo_Gordon_Lang" title="Cosmo Gordon Lang">Cosmo Gordon Lang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._E._Lawrence" title="T. E. Lawrence">T. E. Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Chandos_Leigh" title="Edward Chandos Leigh">Edward Chandos Leigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Linacre" title="Thomas Linacre">Thomas Linacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaughan_Lowe" title="Vaughan Lowe">Vaughan Lowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Lushington_(judge)" title="Stephen Lushington (judge)">Stephen Lushington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gwyn_Macfarlane" title="Robert Gwyn Macfarlane">Robert Gwyn Macfarlane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Rochfort_Maguire" title="James Rochfort Maguire">James Rochfort Maguire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noel_Malcolm" title="Noel Malcolm">Noel Malcolm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Mason_(diplomat)" title="John Mason (diplomat)">John Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_McLean_(biologist)" title="Angela McLean (biologist)">Angela McLean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Morgan" title="Catherine Morgan">Catherine Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Mortimer" title="Edward Mortimer">Edward Mortimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_M%C3%BCller" title="Max Müller">Max Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Neill,_Baron_Neill_of_Bladen" title="Patrick Neill, Baron Neill of Bladen">Patrick Neill, Baron Neill of Bladen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownlow_North" title="Brownlow North">Brownlow North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avner_Offer" title="Avner Offer">Avner Offer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marius_Ostrowski" title="Marius Ostrowski">Marius Ostrowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Pannick" class="mw-redirect" title="David Pannick">David Pannick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derek_Parfit" title="Derek Parfit">Derek Parfit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Quinton" title="Anthony Quinton">Anthony Quinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarvepalli_Radhakrishnan" title="Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan">Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Recorde" title="Robert Recorde">Robert Recorde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Redgwell" title="Catherine Redgwell">Catherine Redgwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Redwood" title="John Redwood">John Redwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._L._Rowse" title="A. L. Rowse">A. L. Rowse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Rundell" title="Katherine Rundell">Katherine Rundell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Salway" title="Peter Salway">Peter Salway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Scott_(economist)" title="Andrew Scott (economist)">Andrew Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graeme_Segal" title="Graeme Segal">Graeme Segal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amartya_Sen" title="Amartya Sen">Amartya Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catriona_Seth" title="Catriona Seth">Catriona Seth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Shaw-Stewart" title="Patrick Shaw-Stewart">Patrick Shaw-Stewart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Sheldon" title="Gilbert Sheldon">Gilbert Sheldon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Simon,_1st_Viscount_Simon" title="John Simon, 1st Viscount Simon">John Simon, 1st Viscount Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boudewijn_Sirks" title="Boudewijn Sirks">Boudewijn Sirks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margareta_Steinby" title="Margareta Steinby">Margareta Steinby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_C._Stepan" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfred C. Stepan">Alfred C. Stepan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_E._Stiglitz" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph E. Stiglitz">Joseph E. Stiglitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Taylor_(philosopher)" title="Charles Taylor (philosopher)">Charles Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Thirlwell" title="Adam Thirlwell">Adam Thirlwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guenter_Treitel" title="Guenter Treitel">Guenter Treitel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecilia_Trifogli" title="Cecilia Trifogli">Cecilia Trifogli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Vickers" title="John Vickers">John Vickers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Waldegrave,_Baron_Waldegrave_of_North_Hill" title="William Waldegrave, Baron Waldegrave of North Hill">William Waldegrave, Baron Waldegrave of North Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Warner" title="Kate Warner">Kate Warner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marina_Warner" title="Marina Warner">Marina Warner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Litchfield_West" title="Martin Litchfield West">Martin Litchfield West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Algernon_Whitmore" title="Charles Algernon Whitmore">Charles Algernon Whitmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wilberforce" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Wilberforce">Richard Wilberforce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Williams" title="Bernard Williams">Bernard Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._F._L._Wood,_1st_Earl_of_Halifax" class="mw-redirect" title="E. F. L. Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax">E. F. L. Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llewellyn_Woodward" title="Llewellyn Woodward">Llewellyn Woodward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Wormald" title="Patrick Wormald">Patrick Wormald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Wren" title="Christopher Wren">Christopher Wren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crispin_Wright" title="Crispin Wright">Crispin Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Young" title="Edward Young">Edward Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._C._Zaehner" class="mw-redirect" title="R. C. Zaehner">R. C. Zaehner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucia_Zedner" title="Lucia Zedner">Lucia Zedner</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wardens">Wardens</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Wardens"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Wardens_of_All_Souls_College,_Oxford" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Wardens of All Souls College, Oxford">List of Wardens of All Souls College, Oxford</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_fiction">In fiction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: In fiction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 2011 historical fantasy novel <i><a href="/wiki/A_Discovery_of_Witches" title="A Discovery of Witches">A Discovery of Witches</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Deborah_Harkness" title="Deborah Harkness">Deborah Harkness</a>, main character and <a href="/wiki/Vampire" title="Vampire">vampire</a> Matthew Clairmont is a Fellow of All Souls College, having passed the examination in 1989 after writing an essay on the topic of "desire".<sup id="cite_ref-harkness2011_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harkness2011-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:All_Souls_College_Radcliffe_Square_gate.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The gates on Radcliffe Square"><img alt="The gates on Radcliffe Square" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/All_Souls_College_Radcliffe_Square_gate.jpg/112px-All_Souls_College_Radcliffe_Square_gate.jpg" decoding="async" width="112" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/All_Souls_College_Radcliffe_Square_gate.jpg/168px-All_Souls_College_Radcliffe_Square_gate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/All_Souls_College_Radcliffe_Square_gate.jpg/225px-All_Souls_College_Radcliffe_Square_gate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1657" data-file-height="2948" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The gates on <a href="/wiki/Radcliffe_Square" title="Radcliffe Square">Radcliffe Square</a> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1_all_souls_college_oxford_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A view of All Souls from the Radcliffe Square gate, showing Nicholas Hawksmoor's 'gothicised classical' elevation."><img alt="A view of All Souls from the Radcliffe Square gate, showing Nicholas Hawksmoor's 'gothicised classical' elevation." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/1_all_souls_college_oxford_2012.jpg/132px-1_all_souls_college_oxford_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/1_all_souls_college_oxford_2012.jpg/198px-1_all_souls_college_oxford_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/1_all_souls_college_oxford_2012.jpg/264px-1_all_souls_college_oxford_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2718" data-file-height="4118" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A view of All Souls from the <a href="/wiki/Radcliffe_Square" title="Radcliffe Square">Radcliffe Square</a> gate, showing <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Hawksmoor" title="Nicholas Hawksmoor">Nicholas Hawksmoor</a>'s 'gothicised classical' elevation.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_south_east_corner_of_Radcliffe_Square_from_above.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The south eastern corner of All Souls College, abutting Radcliffe Square"><img alt="The south eastern corner of All Souls College, abutting Radcliffe Square" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/The_south_east_corner_of_Radcliffe_Square_from_above.jpg/250px-The_south_east_corner_of_Radcliffe_Square_from_above.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/The_south_east_corner_of_Radcliffe_Square_from_above.jpg/375px-The_south_east_corner_of_Radcliffe_Square_from_above.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/The_south_east_corner_of_Radcliffe_Square_from_above.jpg/500px-The_south_east_corner_of_Radcliffe_Square_from_above.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The south eastern corner of All Souls College, abutting Radcliffe Square</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:High_Street_Oxford_looking_east_in_landscape_view.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="All Souls Quad abutting High Street"><img alt="All Souls Quad abutting High Street" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/High_Street_Oxford_looking_east_in_landscape_view.jpg/250px-High_Street_Oxford_looking_east_in_landscape_view.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/High_Street_Oxford_looking_east_in_landscape_view.jpg/375px-High_Street_Oxford_looking_east_in_landscape_view.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/High_Street_Oxford_looking_east_in_landscape_view.jpg/500px-High_Street_Oxford_looking_east_in_landscape_view.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">All Souls Quad abutting <a href="/wiki/High_Street,_Oxford" title="High Street, Oxford">High Street</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:All_souls_from_new_college_lane.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="All Souls College as viewed from New College Lane"><img alt="All Souls College as viewed from New College Lane" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/All_souls_from_new_college_lane.jpg/250px-All_souls_from_new_college_lane.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/All_souls_from_new_college_lane.jpg/375px-All_souls_from_new_college_lane.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/All_souls_from_new_college_lane.jpg/500px-All_souls_from_new_college_lane.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">All Souls College as viewed from <a href="/wiki/New_College_Lane" title="New College Lane">New College Lane</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_spires_of_All_Souls_College_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1420243.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The spires of All Souls"><img alt="The spires of All Souls" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/The_spires_of_All_Souls_College_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1420243.jpg/250px-The_spires_of_All_Souls_College_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1420243.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/The_spires_of_All_Souls_College_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1420243.jpg/375px-The_spires_of_All_Souls_College_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1420243.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/The_spires_of_All_Souls_College_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1420243.jpg/500px-The_spires_of_All_Souls_College_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1420243.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="427" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The spires of All Souls</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:All_souls.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="All Souls College at twilight"><img alt="All Souls College at twilight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/All_souls.jpg/250px-All_souls.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/All_souls.jpg/375px-All_souls.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/All_souls.jpg/500px-All_souls.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">All Souls College at twilight</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Panorama_St_Mary_the_Virgin_tower.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View from St Mary the Virgin's tower (with All Souls on the right)"><img alt="View from St Mary the Virgin's tower (with All Souls on the right)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Panorama_St_Mary_the_Virgin_tower.jpg/250px-Panorama_St_Mary_the_Virgin_tower.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Panorama_St_Mary_the_Virgin_tower.jpg/375px-Panorama_St_Mary_the_Virgin_tower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Panorama_St_Mary_the_Virgin_tower.jpg/500px-Panorama_St_Mary_the_Virgin_tower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4774" data-file-height="1800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">View from <a href="/wiki/University_Church_of_St_Mary_the_Virgin" title="University Church of St Mary the Virgin">St Mary the Virgin</a>'s tower (with All Souls on the right)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:All-Souls-Oxford.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="All Souls College Chapel - the stone altar reredos seen through the later classical screen"><img alt="All Souls College Chapel - the stone altar reredos seen through the later classical screen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/All-Souls-Oxford.jpg/250px-All-Souls-Oxford.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/All-Souls-Oxford.jpg/375px-All-Souls-Oxford.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/All-Souls-Oxford.jpg/500px-All-Souls-Oxford.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2368" data-file-height="1860" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">All Souls College Chapel - the stone altar reredos seen through the later classical screen</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:All-Souls3-Oxford.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="All Souls College"><img alt="All Souls College" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/All-Souls3-Oxford.jpg/120px-All-Souls3-Oxford.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/All-Souls3-Oxford.jpg/180px-All-Souls3-Oxford.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/All-Souls3-Oxford.jpg/240px-All-Souls3-Oxford.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1842" data-file-height="3072" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">All Souls College</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:All-Souls2-Oxford.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="All Souls College"><img alt="All Souls College" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/All-Souls2-Oxford.jpg/250px-All-Souls2-Oxford.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/All-Souls2-Oxford.jpg/375px-All-Souls2-Oxford.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/All-Souls2-Oxford.jpg/500px-All-Souls2-Oxford.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">All Souls College</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:All-Souls-College-Oxford.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="All Souls College. Though gothic externally, this range designed by Nicholas Hawksmoor is completely classical inside."><img alt="All Souls College. Though gothic externally, this range designed by Nicholas Hawksmoor is completely classical inside." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/All-Souls-College-Oxford.jpg/250px-All-Souls-College-Oxford.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/All-Souls-College-Oxford.jpg/375px-All-Souls-College-Oxford.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/All-Souls-College-Oxford.jpg/500px-All-Souls-College-Oxford.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">All Souls College. Though gothic externally, this range designed by <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Hawksmoor" title="Nicholas Hawksmoor">Nicholas Hawksmoor</a> is completely classical inside.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-statutes-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-statutes_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-statutes_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asc.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/migrated-files/Statutes-1211.pdf">"Statutes"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. All Souls College, University of Oxford<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Statutes&rft.pub=All+Souls+College%2C+University+of+Oxford&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asc.ox.ac.uk%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fmigrated-files%2FStatutes-1211.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChalmers1810" class="citation book cs1">Chalmers, Alexander (1810). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IVVMAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA166"><i>A History of the Colleges, Halls, and Public Buildings, Attached to the University of Oxford</i></a>. Oxford: J. Cooke and J. Parker. p. 166.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Colleges%2C+Halls%2C+and+Public+Buildings%2C+Attached+to+the+University+of+Oxford&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=166&rft.pub=J.+Cooke+and+J.+Parker&rft.date=1810&rft.aulast=Chalmers&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIVVMAAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA166&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Oxon.</i> is an abbreviation, the full word is <i>Oxonia</i> (nominative), with ablative also <i>Oxonia</i>, following "de" (Cassell's Latin Dictionary, Marchant, J.R.V, & Charles, Joseph F., (Eds.), Revised Edition, 1928, p.925)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://public.tableau.com/views/UniversityofOxford-StudentStatistics/CollegeBreakdown?%3Aembed=y&%3Adisplay_count=yes&%3AshowTabs=y&%3AshowVizHome=no#3">"Student Statistics"</a>. 14 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Student+Statistics&rft.date=2023-06-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2Fviews%2FUniversityofOxford-StudentStatistics%2FCollegeBreakdown%3F%253Aembed%3Dy%26%253Adisplay_count%3Dyes%26%253AshowTabs%3Dy%26%253AshowVizHome%3Dno%233&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-allsouls1718-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-allsouls1718_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d307gmaoxpdmsg.cloudfront.net/collegeaccounts1718/allsouls.pdf">"All Souls College : Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2018"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. University of Oxford. p. 50<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=All+Souls+College+%3A+Annual+Report+and+Financial+Statements+for+the+year+ended+31+July+2018&rft.pages=50&rft.pub=University+of+Oxford&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fd307gmaoxpdmsg.cloudfront.net%2Fcollegeaccounts1718%2Fallsouls.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-asc-ox-statutes-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-asc-ox-statutes_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAll_Souls_College,_Oxford" class="citation web cs1">All Souls College, Oxford. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asc.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/migrated-files/Statutes%20(final).pdf">"All Souls College Statutes"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220702052356/https://www.asc.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/migrated-files/Statutes%20(final).pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2 July 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=All+Souls+College+Statutes&rft.au=All+Souls+College%2C+Oxford&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asc.ox.ac.uk%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fmigrated-files%2FStatutes%2520%28final%29.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asc.ox.ac.uk/">"Homepage | All Souls College"</a>. <i>www.asc.ox.ac.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.asc.ox.ac.uk&rft.atitle=Homepage+%7C+All+Souls+College&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asc.ox.ac.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-shepherd20100514-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-shepherd20100514_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-shepherd20100514_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-shepherd20100514_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-shepherd20100514_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-shepherd20100514_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-shepherd20100514_8-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-shepherd20100514_8-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-shepherd20100514_8-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShepherd2010" class="citation news cs1">Shepherd, Jessica (14 May 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/education/2010/may/14/oxford-university-all-souls-college-exam">"The word on Oxford University's All Souls fellows exam is: axed"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+word+on+Oxford+University%27s+All+Souls+fellows+exam+is%3A+axed&rft.date=2010-05-14&rft.aulast=Shepherd&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Feducation%2F2010%2Fmay%2F14%2Foxford-university-all-souls-college-exam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mount20100519-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mount20100519_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount20100519_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount20100519_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount20100519_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount20100519_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount20100519_9-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount20100519_9-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount20100519_9-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount20100519_9-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount20100519_9-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount20100519_9-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount20100519_9-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount20100519_9-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount20100519_9-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount20100519_9-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount20100519_9-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMount2010" class="citation news cs1">Mount, Harry (19 May 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/universityeducation/7740812/All-Souls-Oxford-should-continue-to-put-genius-to-the-test.html">"All Souls, Oxford should continue to put genius to the test"</a>. <i>The Daily Telegraph</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=All+Souls%2C+Oxford+should+continue+to+put+genius+to+the+test&rft.date=2010-05-19&rft.aulast=Mount&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Feducation%2Funiversityeducation%2F7740812%2FAll-Souls-Oxford-should-continue-to-put-genius-to-the-test.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-guardian20100517-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-guardian20100517_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-guardian20100517_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/education/2010/may/17/all-souls-college-entrance-exam">Is the All Souls College entrance exam easy now?</a>", <i>The Guardian</i>, 17 May 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimmonds1989" class="citation book cs1">Simmonds, Tricia (1989). <i>In and Around Oxford</i>. Bath: Unichrome. p. 24. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-871004-02-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-871004-02-0"><bdi>1-871004-02-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+and+Around+Oxford&rft.place=Bath&rft.pages=24&rft.pub=Unichrome&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=1-871004-02-0&rft.aulast=Simmonds&rft.aufirst=Tricia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalterLobel1954" class="citation book cs1">Salter, H E; Lobel, Mary D., eds. (1954). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/oxon/vol3/pp173-193">"All Souls College"</a>. <i>A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 3, the University of Oxford</i>. London: Victoria County History. pp. 173–193.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=All+Souls+College&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+County+of+Oxford%3A+Volume+3%2C+the+University+of+Oxford&rft.place=London&rft.pages=173-193&rft.pub=Victoria+County+History&rft.date=1954&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-history.ac.uk%2Fvch%2Foxon%2Fvol3%2Fpp173-193&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.all-souls.ox.ac.uk/about/history3.php">History page 3</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080604151853/http://www.all-souls.ox.ac.uk/about/history3.php">Archived</a> 4 June 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, All Souls College, Oxford (accessed 11 March 2008).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-All_Souls_College_Oxford-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-All_Souls_College_Oxford_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-All_Souls_College_Oxford_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asc.ox.ac.uk/modern-college">"All Souls College Oxford"</a>. University of Oxford<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=All+Souls+College+Oxford&rft.pub=University+of+Oxford&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asc.ox.ac.uk%2Fmodern-college&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ox.ac.uk/about/oxford-people/women-at-oxford">"Women at Oxford | University of Oxford"</a>. University of Oxford<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Women+at+Oxford+%7C+University+of+Oxford&rft.pub=University+of+Oxford&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ox.ac.uk%2Fabout%2Foxford-people%2Fwomen-at-oxford&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNayler2024" class="citation web cs1">Nayler, Mark (8 November 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/all-souls-is-the-sas-of-academia/">"All Souls is the SAS of academia"</a>. <i>The Spectator</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Spectator&rft.atitle=All+Souls+is+the+SAS+of+academia&rft.date=2024-11-08&rft.aulast=Nayler&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spectator.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fall-souls-is-the-sas-of-academia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James Walvin (17 February 2011), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/abolition/building_britain_gallery_06.shtml">"Slavery and the Building of Britain"</a>, British History, <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Codrington Library". <i>all-souls.ac.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=all-souls.ac.uk&rft.atitle=Codrington+Library&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asc.ox.ac.uk/architecture-college">"Architecture of the College | All Souls College"</a>. <i>www.asc.ox.ac.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.asc.ox.ac.uk&rft.atitle=Architecture+of+the+College+%7C+All+Souls+College&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asc.ox.ac.uk%2Farchitecture-college&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">All Souls College Library, <i>Library History<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.asc.ox.ac.uk/library-history#2000">[1]</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHutchinson1949" class="citation book cs1">Hutchinson, F. E. (1949). <i>Medieval Glass at All Souls College</i>. London, UK: Faber and Faber. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1269744">1269744</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medieval+Glass+at+All+Souls+College&rft.place=London%2C+UK&rft.pub=Faber+and+Faber&rft.date=1949&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1269744&rft.aulast=Hutchinson&rft.aufirst=F.+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200807201844/https://www.asc.ox.ac.uk/chapel-allsouls">"The Chapel"</a>. All Souls College. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asc.ox.ac.uk/chapel-allsouls">the original</a> on 7 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Chapel&rft.pub=All+Souls+College&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asc.ox.ac.uk%2Fchapel-allsouls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-allsouls2223-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-allsouls2223_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-allsouls2223_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asc.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2024-03/Annual%20Report%20%26%20Accounts%20Final%202022-23%20SGM.pdf">"All Souls College : Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2023"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. All Souls College. p. 49<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=All+Souls+College+%3A+Annual+Report+and+Financial+Statements+for+the+year+ended+31+July+2023&rft.pages=49&rft.pub=All+Souls+College&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asc.ox.ac.uk%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F2024-03%2FAnnual%2520Report%2520%2526%2520Accounts%2520Final%25202022-23%2520SGM.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-allsouls-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-allsouls_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-allsouls_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-allsouls_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-allsouls_24-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-allsouls_24-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-allsouls_24-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.all-souls.ox.ac.uk/content/Examination_Fellowships_2010:_Further_Particulars_and_Timetable">Examination Fellowships 2010</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100803071934/http://www.all-souls.ox.ac.uk/content/Examination_Fellowships_2010:_Further_Particulars_and_Timetable">Archived</a> 3 August 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>" All Souls College, Oxford</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asc.ox.ac.uk/examination-fellowships-general-information">"Examination Fellowships: General Information | All Souls College"</a>. <i>www.asc.ox.ac.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.asc.ox.ac.uk&rft.atitle=Examination+Fellowships%3A+General+Information+%26%23124%3B+All+Souls+College&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asc.ox.ac.uk%2Fexamination-fellowships-general-information&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asc.ox.ac.uk/news/examination-fellowships-2017-open-evening-women">"Examination Fellowships 2017: Open Evening for Women | All Souls College"</a>. <i>www.asc.ox.ac.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.asc.ox.ac.uk&rft.atitle=Examination+Fellowships+2017%3A+Open+Evening+for+Women+%26%23124%3B+All+Souls+College&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asc.ox.ac.uk%2Fnews%2Fexamination-fellowships-2017-open-evening-women&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wainwright20050108-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wainwright20050108_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wainwright20050108_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wainwright20050108_27-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wainwright20050108_27-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWainwright2005" class="citation news cs1">Wainwright, Tom (8 January 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/3348373/The-most-glittering-prize.html">"The most glittering prize"</a>. <i>The Daily Telegraph</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=The+most+glittering+prize&rft.date=2005-01-08&rft.aulast=Wainwright&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Feducation%2F3348373%2FThe-most-glittering-prize.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-time19610519-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-time19610519_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-time19610519_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130204120618/http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,872416,00.html">The Soul of All Souls</a>" <i>Time</i>, 19 May 1961.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lyall20100527-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lyall20100527_29-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLyall2010" class="citation news cs1">Lyall, Sarah (27 May 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/28/world/europe/28oxford.html">"Oxford Tradition Comes to This: 'Death' (Expound)"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Oxford+Tradition+Comes+to+This%3A+%E2%80%98Death%E2%80%99+%28Expound%29&rft.date=2010-05-27&rft.aulast=Lyall&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2010%2F05%2F28%2Fworld%2Feurope%2F28oxford.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sample20100527-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sample20100527_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sample20100527_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sample20100527_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sample20100527_30-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sample20100527_30-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sample20100527_30-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sample20100527_30-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://documents.nytimes.com/the-fellowship-exam-oxford-universitys-all-souls-college">Sample Fellowship Exam, Oxford University's All Souls College</a>" <i>The New York Times</i>, 27 May 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mount19991004-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mount19991004_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount19991004_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount19991004_31-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount19991004_31-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount19991004_31-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount19991004_31-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount19991004_31-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount19991004_31-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount19991004_31-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount19991004_31-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount19991004_31-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount19991004_31-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount19991004_31-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount19991004_31-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount19991004_31-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mount19991004_31-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMount1999" class="citation journal cs1">Mount, Harry (4 October 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newstatesman.com/199910040016">"A few things pointy-heads should know"</a>. <i>New Statesman</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Statesman&rft.atitle=A+few+things+pointy-heads+should+know&rft.date=1999-10-04&rft.aulast=Mount&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newstatesman.com%2F199910040016&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100718085613/http://www.newstatesman.com/199910040016">Archived</a> 18 July 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111229152421/http://www.all-souls.ox.ac.uk/content/Examination_Fellowships_2011:_Further_Particulars">"Examination Fellowships 2011: Further Particulars"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.all-souls.ox.ac.uk/content/Examination_Fellowships_2011:_Further_Particulars">the original</a> on 29 December 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Examination+Fellowships+2011%3A+Further+Particulars&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.all-souls.ox.ac.uk%2Fcontent%2FExamination_Fellowships_2011%3A_Further_Particulars&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-anson-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-anson_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-anson_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-anson_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-anson_33-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-anson_33-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-anson_33-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-anson_33-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-anson_33-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.all-souls.ox.ac.uk/content/Sir_William_Anson">Sir William Anson</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100618035933/http://www.all-souls.ox.ac.uk/content/Sir_William_Anson">Archived</a> 18 June 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nagel20230907-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nagel20230907_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNagel2023" class="citation magazine cs1">Nagel, Thomas (7 September 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v45/n17/thomas-nagel/leader-of-the-martians">"Leader of the Martians"</a>. <i>London Review of Books</i>. Vol. 45, no. 17. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0260-9592">0260-9592</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=London+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=Leader+of+the+Martians&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=17&rft.date=2023-09-07&rft.issn=0260-9592&rft.aulast=Nagel&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lrb.co.uk%2Fthe-paper%2Fv45%2Fn17%2Fthomas-nagel%2Fleader-of-the-martians&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://users.ox.ac.uk/~lawf0081/biograph.htm">"John Gardner at Home"</a>. University of Oxford<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+Gardner+at+Home&rft.pub=University+of+Oxford&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fusers.ox.ac.uk%2F~lawf0081%2Fbiograph.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGordon" class="citation web cs1">Gordon, Olivia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bnc.ox.ac.uk/about-brasenose/150-academic-staff/1738-birke-hacker">"Professor Birke Häcker: Interviewed"</a>. Brasenose College<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Professor+Birke+H%C3%A4cker%3A+Interviewed&rft.pub=Brasenose+College&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=Olivia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bnc.ox.ac.uk%2Fabout-brasenose%2F150-academic-staff%2F1738-birke-hacker&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cc-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cc_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chu.cam.ac.uk/archives/education/churchill_era/exercises/appeasement/part_B4.php">"B: Appeasement and public opinion"</a>. <i>The Churchill Era</i>. Churchill College, Cambridge<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Churchill+Era&rft.atitle=B%3A+Appeasement+and+public+opinion&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chu.cam.ac.uk%2Farchives%2Feducation%2Fchurchill_era%2Fexercises%2Fappeasement%2Fpart_B4.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lacey2006-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lacey2006_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lacey2006_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLacey,_Nicola2006" class="citation book cs1">Lacey, Nicola (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eUklAQAAIAAJ"><i>A life of H.L.A. Hart: the nightmare and the noble dream</i></a>. Oxford University Press. pp. 41, 43. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-920277-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-920277-X"><bdi>0-19-920277-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+life+of+H.L.A.+Hart%3A+the+nightmare+and+the+noble+dream&rft.pages=41%2C+43&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-19-920277-X&rft.au=Lacey%2C+Nicola&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeUklAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asc.ox.ac.uk/person/dr-marius-ostrowski">"Dr Marius Ostrowski | All Souls College"</a>. <i>www.asc.ox.ac.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.asc.ox.ac.uk&rft.atitle=Dr+Marius+Ostrowski+%7C+All+Souls+College&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asc.ox.ac.uk%2Fperson%2Fdr-marius-ostrowski&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160321194433/http://www.blackstonechambers.com/people/barristers/lord_pannick_qc.html">"Lord Pannick QC – Blackstone Chambers"</a>. <i>blackstonechambers.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blackstonechambers.com/people/barristers/lord_pannick_qc.html">the original</a> on 21 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=blackstonechambers.com&rft.atitle=Lord+Pannick+QC+%E2%80%93+Blackstone+Chambers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackstonechambers.com%2Fpeople%2Fbarristers%2Flord_pannick_qc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-parfit-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-parfit_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150421193257/http://www.all-souls.ox.ac.uk/people.php?personid=49">"Derek Parfit"</a>. All Souls College. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.all-souls.ox.ac.uk/people.php?personid=49">the original</a> on 21 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Derek+Parfit&rft.pub=All+Souls+College&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.all-souls.ox.ac.uk%2Fpeople.php%3Fpersonid%3D49&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asc.ox.ac.uk/person/katherine-rundell">"Katherine Rundell | All Souls College"</a>. <i>www.asc.ox.ac.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.asc.ox.ac.uk&rft.atitle=Katherine+Rundell+%26%23124%3B+All+Souls+College&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asc.ox.ac.uk%2Fperson%2Fkatherine-rundell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/williams-bernard/">"Bernard Williams (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)"</a>. Plato.stanford.edu<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bernard+Williams+%28Stanford+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy%29&rft.pub=Plato.stanford.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fplato.stanford.edu%2Fentries%2Fwilliams-bernard%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-buchanbio-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-buchanbio_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Godine, David R. and Andrew Lownie. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=V3tQ8Wq_fKMC&dq=%22all+souls%22+%22john+buchan%22&pg=PA60">John Buchan: the Presbyterian cavalier</a></i> (1995), pp. 60–61.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110310194942/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/law-obituaries/7315416/Lord-Denning-OM.html">"Lord Denning, OM"</a>. <i>The Daily Telegraph</i>. London. 6 March 1999. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/law-obituaries/7315416/Lord-Denning-OM.html">the original</a> on 10 March 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Lord+Denning%2C+OM&rft.date=1999-03-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fobituaries%2Flaw-obituaries%2F7315416%2FLord-Denning-OM.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dabhoiwala20210701-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dabhoiwala20210701_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDabhoiwala2021" class="citation magazine cs1">Dabhoiwala, Fara (1 July 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2021/07/01/imperial-delusions/">"Imperial Delusions"</a>. <i>The New York Review of Books</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-7504">0028-7504</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=Imperial+Delusions&rft.date=2021-07-01&rft.issn=0028-7504&rft.aulast=Dabhoiwala&rft.aufirst=Fara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nybooks.com%2Farticles%2F2021%2F07%2F01%2Fimperial-delusions%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pimlott1992-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pimlott1992_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPimlott,_Ben1992" class="citation book cs1">Pimlott, Ben (1992). <i>Harold Wilson</i>. HarperCollins. p. 61. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0002151898" title="Special:BookSources/0002151898"><bdi>0002151898</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Harold+Wilson&rft.pages=61&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0002151898&rft.au=Pimlott%2C+Ben&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hensher20100524-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hensher20100524_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHensher2010" class="citation news cs1">Hensher, Philip (24 May 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/philip-hensher/philip-hensher-comedy-was-the-word-for-my-exam-1981025.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Comedy' was the word for my exam"</a>. <i>The Independent</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=%27Comedy%27+was+the+word+for+my+exam&rft.date=2010-05-24&rft.aulast=Hensher&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fopinion%2Fcommentators%2Fphilip-hensher%2Fphilip-hensher-comedy-was-the-word-for-my-exam-1981025.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-little20100520-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-little20100520_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-little20100520_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-little20100520_49-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-little20100520_49-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLittle2010" class="citation news cs1">Little, Reg (20 May 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordtimes.co.uk/news/8174773.One_word_exam_ending/">"One-word exam ending"</a>. <i>The Oxford Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Oxford+Times&rft.atitle=One-word+exam+ending&rft.date=2010-05-20&rft.aulast=Little&rft.aufirst=Reg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordtimes.co.uk%2Fnews%2F8174773.One_word_exam_ending%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Colvin, Howard, and J. S. C. Simmons, <i>All Souls: An Oxford College and its Buildings</i> (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989), p. 91.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.information-britain.co.uk/customdetail.php?id=59">"Hunting the Mallard, Oxfordshire"</a>. <i>British Folk Customs</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+Folk+Customs&rft.atitle=Hunting+the+Mallard%2C+Oxfordshire&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.information-britain.co.uk%2Fcustomdetail.php%3Fid%3D59&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGregoriadisSean_O'Neill" class="citation web cs1">Gregoriadis, Linus; Sean O'Neill. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1314859/Mallard-leads-Oxford-fellows-a-merry-dance.html">"Mallard leads Oxford fellows a merry dance"</a>. <i>www.telegraph.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.telegraph.co.uk&rft.atitle=Mallard+leads+Oxford+fellows+a+merry+dance&rft.aulast=Gregoriadis&rft.aufirst=Linus&rft.au=Sean+O%27Neill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuknews%2F1314859%2FMallard-leads-Oxford-fellows-a-merry-dance.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">HOLE, Christina, <i>English Custom and Usage</i>, London, Batsford, 1941, p.28: "...we know that the custom existed at least as early as 1632, for in that year Archbishop Abbot censured the college for a riot "in pretence of a foolish Mallard". "Mallard" has since become a colloquialism at the college, generally meaning "rubbish".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-harkness2011-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-harkness2011_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarkness2011" class="citation book cs1">Harkness, Deborah (2011). <i>A Discovery of Witches</i>. London: Penguin Books. pp. 171–178. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-311968-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-311968-5"><bdi>978-0-14-311968-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Discovery+of+Witches&rft.place=London&rft.pages=171-178&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-14-311968-5&rft.aulast=Harkness&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:All_Souls_College,_Oxford" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:All Souls College, Oxford"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">All Souls College, Oxford</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Literary_Landmarks_of_Oxford/All_Souls" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Literary Landmarks of Oxford/All Souls">All Souls College, as described in "Literary Landmarks of Oxford".</a></b></div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asc.ox.ac.uk/">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110514165125/http://www.all-souls.ox.ac.uk/people.php?pos=2&people_title=Examination%20Fellows">Current Examination Fellows</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chem.ox.ac.uk/oxfordtour/allsouls/">Virtual Tour of All Souls College</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130309041700/http://www.chem.ox.ac.uk/oxfordtour/allsouls/">Archived</a> 9 March 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Chicheley, Henry"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chicheley,_Henry">"Chicheley, Henry" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 126–128.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chicheley%2C+Henry&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=126-128&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAll+Souls+College%2C+Oxford" class="Z3988"></span> This has a detailed account of Chichele's actions in founding the college.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="University_of_Oxford" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#002147; color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:University_of_Oxford" title="Template:University of Oxford"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:University_of_Oxford" title="Template talk:University of Oxford"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:University_of_Oxford" title="Special:EditPage/Template:University of Oxford"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="University_of_Oxford" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#ffffff">University of Oxford</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#002147; color:white;;width:1%">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chancellors_of_the_University_of_Oxford" title="List of chancellors of the University of Oxford">Chancellor</a> <ul><li><i>Vacant</i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice-chancellors_of_the_University_of_Oxford" title="List of vice-chancellors of the University of Oxford">Vice-Chancellor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irene_Tracey" title="Irene Tracey">Irene Tracey</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Registrar_of_the_University_of_Oxford" title="Registrar of the University of Oxford">Registrar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_houses_of_the_University_of_Oxford" title="List of heads of houses of the University of Oxford">Heads of houses</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_University_of_Oxford.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A shield displaying a coat of arms; on a dark blue background, an open book displays the words "Dominus illuminatio mea", with two gold crowns above and one below" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Coat_of_arms_of_the_University_of_Oxford.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_University_of_Oxford.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Coat_of_arms_of_the_University_of_Oxford.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_University_of_Oxford.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Coat_of_arms_of_the_University_of_Oxford.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_University_of_Oxford.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2338" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#002147; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Colleges_of_the_University_of_Oxford" title="Colleges of the University of Oxford"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#ffffff">Colleges</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">All Souls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balliol_College,_Oxford" title="Balliol College, Oxford">Balliol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brasenose_College,_Oxford" title="Brasenose College, Oxford">Brasenose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_Church,_Oxford" title="Christ Church, Oxford">Christ Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpus_Christi_College,_Oxford" title="Corpus Christi College, Oxford">Corpus Christi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exeter_College,_Oxford" title="Exeter College, Oxford">Exeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Templeton_College,_Oxford" title="Green Templeton College, Oxford">Green Templeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harris_Manchester_College,_Oxford" title="Harris Manchester College, Oxford">Harris Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hertford_College,_Oxford" title="Hertford College, Oxford">Hertford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_College,_Oxford" title="Jesus College, Oxford">Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keble_College,_Oxford" title="Keble College, Oxford">Keble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kellogg_College,_Oxford" title="Kellogg College, Oxford">Kellogg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Margaret_Hall,_Oxford" title="Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford">Lady Margaret Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linacre_College,_Oxford" title="Linacre College, Oxford">Linacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_College,_Oxford" title="Lincoln College, Oxford">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magdalen_College,_Oxford" title="Magdalen College, Oxford">Magdalen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansfield_College,_Oxford" title="Mansfield College, Oxford">Mansfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merton_College,_Oxford" title="Merton College, Oxford">Merton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_College,_Oxford" title="New College, Oxford">New College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuffield_College,_Oxford" title="Nuffield College, Oxford">Nuffield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriel_College,_Oxford" title="Oriel College, Oxford">Oriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pembroke_College,_Oxford" title="Pembroke College, Oxford">Pembroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Queen%27s_College,_Oxford" title="The Queen's College, Oxford">Queen's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reuben_College,_Oxford" title="Reuben College, Oxford">Reuben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Anne%27s_College,_Oxford" title="St Anne's College, Oxford">St Anne's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Antony%27s_College,_Oxford" title="St Antony's College, Oxford">St Antony's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Catherine%27s_College,_Oxford" title="St Catherine's College, Oxford">St Catherine's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Cross_College,_Oxford" title="St Cross College, Oxford">St Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Edmund_Hall,_Oxford" title="St Edmund Hall, Oxford">St Edmund Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Hilda%27s_College,_Oxford" title="St Hilda's College, Oxford">St Hilda's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Hugh%27s_College,_Oxford" title="St Hugh's College, Oxford">St Hugh's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_John%27s_College,_Oxford" title="St John's College, Oxford">St John's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Peter%27s_College,_Oxford" title="St Peter's College, Oxford">St Peter's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerville_College,_Oxford" title="Somerville College, Oxford">Somerville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_College,_Oxford" title="Trinity College, Oxford">Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College,_Oxford" title="University College, Oxford">University College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadham_College,_Oxford" title="Wadham College, Oxford">Wadham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfson_College,_Oxford" title="Wolfson College, Oxford">Wolfson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester_College,_Oxford" title="Worcester College, Oxford">Worcester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#002147; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Permanent_private_hall" title="Permanent private hall"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#ffffff">Permanent private halls</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blackfriars_Hall" title="Blackfriars Hall">Blackfriars Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campion_Hall,_Oxford" title="Campion Hall, Oxford">Campion Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent%27s_Park_College,_Oxford" title="Regent's Park College, Oxford">Regent's Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wycliffe_Hall,_Oxford" title="Wycliffe Hall, Oxford">Wycliffe Hall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#002147; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_the_University_of_Oxford" title="Divisions of the University of Oxford"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#ffffff">Divisions and departments</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#002147; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_the_University_of_Oxford#Humanities_Division" title="Divisions of the University of Oxford"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Humanities</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faculty_of_Asian_and_Middle_Eastern_Studies" title="Faculty of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies">Asian and Middle Eastern Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rothermere_American_Institute" title="Rothermere American Institute">American Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruskin_School_of_Art" title="Ruskin School of Art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faculty_of_Classics,_University_of_Oxford" title="Faculty of Classics, University of Oxford">Classics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faculty_of_History,_University_of_Oxford" title="Faculty of History, University of Oxford">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faculty_of_Linguistics,_Philology_%26_Phonetics,_University_of_Oxford" title="Faculty of Linguistics, Philology & Phonetics, University of Oxford">Linguistics, Philology & Phonetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faculty_of_Medieval_and_Modern_Languages,_University_of_Oxford" title="Faculty of Medieval and Modern Languages, University of Oxford">Medieval and Modern Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faculty_of_Music,_University_of_Oxford" class="mw-redirect" title="Faculty of Music, University of Oxford">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faculty_of_Philosophy,_University_of_Oxford" title="Faculty of Philosophy, University of Oxford">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faculty_of_Theology_and_Religion,_University_of_Oxford" title="Faculty of Theology and Religion, University of Oxford">Theology and Religion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#002147; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_the_University_of_Oxford#Medical_Sciences_Division" title="Divisions of the University of Oxford"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Medical Sciences</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Biochemistry,_University_of_Oxford" title="Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford">Biochemistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellcome_Centre_for_Human_Genetics" title="Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics">Human Genetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Medical_School" title="Oxford University Medical School">Medical School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_William_Dunn_School_of_Pathology" title="Sir William Dunn School of Pathology">Pathology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuffield_Department_of_Population_Health" title="Nuffield Department of Population Health">Population Health</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#002147; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_the_University_of_Oxford#Mathematical,_Physical_and_Life_Sciences_Division_(MPLS)" title="Divisions of the University of Oxford"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Mathematical, Physical<br />and Life Sciences</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Biology,_University_of_Oxford" title="Department of Biology, University of Oxford">Biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Chemistry,_University_of_Oxford" title="Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford">Chemistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Computer_Science,_University_of_Oxford" title="Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford">Computer Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Earth_Sciences,_University_of_Oxford" title="Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford">Earth Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Engineering_Science,_University_of_Oxford" title="Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford">Engineering Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Materials,_University_of_Oxford" title="Department of Materials, University of Oxford">Materials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathematical_Institute,_University_of_Oxford" title="Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford">Mathematical Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Physics,_University_of_Oxford" title="Department of Physics, University of Oxford">Physics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#002147; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_the_University_of_Oxford#Social_Sciences_Division" title="Divisions of the University of Oxford"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Social Sciences</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/School_of_Archaeology,_University_of_Oxford" title="School of Archaeology, University of Oxford">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%C3%AFd_Business_School" title="Saïd Business School">Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford_Department_for_Continuing_Education" title="University of Oxford Department for Continuing Education">Continuing Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Economics,_University_of_Oxford" title="Department of Economics, University of Oxford">Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blavatnik_School_of_Government" title="Blavatnik School of Government">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Department_of_International_Development" title="Oxford Department of International Development">International Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faculty_of_Law,_University_of_Oxford" title="Faculty of Law, University of Oxford">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Politics_and_International_Relations,_University_of_Oxford" title="Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Oxford">Politics & International Relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Social_Policy_and_Intervention" title="Department of Social Policy and Intervention">Social Policy and Intervention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#002147; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_the_University_of_Oxford#Gardens,_Libraries_and_Museums" title="Divisions of the University of Oxford"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Gardens, Libraries<br />& Museums</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashmolean_Museum" title="Ashmolean Museum">Ashmolean Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodleian_Libraries" title="Bodleian Libraries">Bodleian Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford_Botanic_Garden" title="University of Oxford Botanic Garden">Botanic Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Science_Museum,_Oxford" title="History of Science Museum, Oxford">History of Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Museum_of_Natural_History" title="Oxford University Museum of Natural History">Natural History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitt_Rivers_Museum" title="Pitt Rivers Museum">Pitt Rivers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#002147; color:white;;width:1%">Institutes and affiliates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Begbroke_Science_Park" title="Begbroke Science Park">Begbroke Science Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Data_Institute" title="Big Data Institute">Big Data Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ineos_Oxford_Institute_for_AMR_Research" title="Ineos Oxford Institute for AMR Research">Ineos Oxford Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenner_Institute" title="Jenner Institute">Jenner Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Internet_Institute" title="Oxford Internet Institute">Internet Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford-Man_Institute_of_Quantitative_Finance" title="Oxford-Man Institute of Quantitative Finance">Oxford-Man Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Martin_School" title="Oxford Martin School">Martin School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Innovation" title="Oxford University Innovation">Oxford University Innovation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripon_College_Cuddesdon" title="Ripon College Cuddesdon">Ripon College Cuddesdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_School_of_Enterprise_and_the_Environment" title="Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment">Smith School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#002147; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Recognised_independent_centre" title="Recognised independent centre"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#ffffff">Recognised independent<br />centres</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Centre_for_Buddhist_Studies" title="Oxford Centre for Buddhist Studies">Buddhist Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Institute_for_Energy_Studies" title="Oxford Institute for Energy Studies">Energy Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Centre_for_Hebrew_and_Jewish_Studies" title="Oxford Centre for Hebrew and Jewish Studies">Hebrew and Jewish Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Centre_for_Hindu_Studies" title="Oxford Centre for Hindu Studies">Hindu Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Centre_for_Islamic_Studies" title="Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies">Islamic Studies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#002147; color:white;;width:1%">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Australian_Rules_Football_Club" title="Oxford University Australian Rules Football Club">Australian rules football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Amateur_Boxing_Club" title="Oxford University Amateur Boxing Club">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Cricket_Club" title="Oxford University Cricket Club">Cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Cycling_Club" title="Oxford University Cycling Club">Cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Dancesport_Club" title="Oxford University Dancesport Club">Dancesport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_A.F.C." title="Oxford University A.F.C.">Football</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_W.A.F.C." title="Oxford University W.A.F.C.">Women's</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Handball_Club" title="Oxford University Handball Club">Handball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Ice_Hockey_Club" title="Oxford University Ice Hockey Club">Ice hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Mountaineering_Club" title="Oxford University Mountaineering Club">Mountaineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Quidditch_Club" title="Oxford University Quidditch Club">Quidditch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Polo_Club" title="Oxford University Polo Club">Polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Rowing_Clubs" title="Oxford University Rowing Clubs">Rowing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Boat_Club" title="Oxford University Boat Club">Men's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Women%27s_Boat_Club" title="Oxford University Women's Boat Club">Women's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Lightweight_Rowing_Club" title="Oxford University Lightweight Rowing Club">Men's Lightweight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Women%27s_Lightweight_Rowing_Club" title="Oxford University Women's Lightweight Rowing Club">Women's Lightweight</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_RFC" title="Oxford University RFC">Rugby</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Competitions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuppers" title="Cuppers">Cuppers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Boat_Race" title="The Boat Race">The Boat Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Boat_Race" title="Women's Boat Race">Women's Boat Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henley_Boat_Races" title="Henley Boat Races">Henley Boat Races</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Varsity_Polo_Match" title="The Varsity Polo Match">Polo Varsity Match</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_League_Varsity_Match" title="Rugby League Varsity Match">Rugby League Varsity Match</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Varsity_Match" title="The Varsity Match">Rugby Union Varsity Match</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_University_Match_(cricket)" title="The University Match (cricket)">University Cricket Match</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Golf_Match" title="University Golf Match">University Golf Match</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Venues <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bullingdon_Green" title="Bullingdon Green">Bullingdon Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_Church_Ground" title="Christ Church Ground">Christ Church Ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magdalen_Ground" title="Magdalen Ground">Magdalen Ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_College_Ground" title="New College Ground">New College Ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Bannister_running_track" title="Roger Bannister running track">Roger Bannister running track</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Parks" title="University Parks">University Parks</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#002147; color:white;;width:1%">Student life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherwell_(newspaper)" title="Cherwell (newspaper)"><i>Cherwell</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mays" title="The Mays">The Mays</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Union" title="Oxford Union">Oxford Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Student_Union" title="Oxford University Student Union">Student Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#002147; color:white;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_University_of_Oxford_people" title="List of University of Oxford people">People</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_Oxford_colleges" title="List of fictional Oxford colleges">fictional colleges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_University_of_Oxford_people" title="List of fictional University of Oxford people">fictional people</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_women_admitted_to_degrees_at_the_University_of_Oxford" title="First women admitted to degrees at the University of Oxford">First women graduates</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_for_the_Education_of_Women" title="Association for the Education of Women">Association for the Education of Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delegacy_for_Women_Students" title="Delegacy for Women Students">Delegacy for Women Students</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Oxford_Magazine" title="The Oxford Magazine">The Oxford Magazine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Gazette" title="Oxford University Gazette">Oxford University Gazette</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#002147; color:white;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:University_of_Oxford" title="Category:University of Oxford"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Category</span></a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:University_of_Oxford" title="Portal:University of Oxford"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81092#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81092#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81092#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121736314">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/143023731">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1023672-7">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81063425">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb125314488">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb125314488">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007257497505171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500309838">ULAN</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/029835135">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&oldid=1258006176">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&oldid=1258006176</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Souls_College,_Oxford" title="Category:All Souls College, Oxford">All Souls College, Oxford</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1438_establishments_in_England" title="Category:1438 establishments in England">1438 establishments in England</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Colleges_of_the_University_of_Oxford" title="Category:Colleges of the University of Oxford">Colleges of the University of Oxford</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Educational_institutions_established_in_the_15th_century" title="Category:Educational institutions established in the 15th century">Educational institutions established in the 15th century</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Grade_I_listed_buildings_in_Oxford" title="Category:Grade I listed buildings in Oxford">Grade I listed buildings in Oxford</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Grade_I_listed_educational_buildings" title="Category:Grade I listed educational buildings">Grade I listed educational buildings</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nicholas_Hawksmoor_buildings" title="Category:Nicholas Hawksmoor buildings">Nicholas Hawksmoor buildings</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Buildings_and_structures_of_the_University_of_Oxford" title="Category:Buildings and structures of the University of Oxford">Buildings and structures of the University of Oxford</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Charities_based_in_England" title="Category:Charities based in England">Charities based in England</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:University_of_Oxford_examinations" title="Category:University of Oxford examinations">University of Oxford examinations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Postgraduate_colleges_in_British_universities" title="Category:Postgraduate colleges in British universities">Postgraduate colleges in British universities</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:EngvarB_from_January_2020" title="Category:EngvarB from January 2020">EngvarB from January 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_January_2020" title="Category:Use dmy dates from January 2020">Use dmy dates from January 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_March_2021" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from March 2021">Articles with unsourced statements from March 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2011" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2011">Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements" title="Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements">All articles containing potentially dated statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_1911_Encyclopaedia_Britannica_with_Wikisource_reference" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 17 November 2024, at 17:25<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=All_Souls_College,_Oxford&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-q4llr","wgBackendResponseTime":152,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.110","walltime":"1.340","ppvisitednodes":{"value":6668,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":166903,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":13014,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":9,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":209051,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1123.375 1 -total"," 19.45% 218.490 1 Template:Infobox_residential_college"," 18.79% 211.104 1 Template:Infobox"," 17.90% 201.066 23 Template:Cite_web"," 10.90% 122.393 3 Template:R"," 10.30% 115.714 2 Template:Navbox"," 10.24% 115.023 3 Template:R/ref"," 10.12% 113.707 1 Template:University_of_Oxford"," 6.81% 76.526 1 Template:Short_description"," 5.87% 65.947 3 Template:Fact"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.590","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":7871118,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-lljb8","timestamp":"20241122141135","ttl":726511,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"All Souls College, Oxford","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/All_Souls_College,_Oxford","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q81092","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q81092","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-10-23T14:47:56Z","dateModified":"2024-11-17T17:25:34Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/95\/UK-2014-Oxford-All_Souls_College_03.jpg","headline":"college of the University of Oxford"}</script> </body> </html>