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class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Governing body subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Governing_body-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-WMF_Members" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WMF_Members"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>WMF Members</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-WMF_Members-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Course_types" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Course_types"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Course types</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Course_types-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Course_features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Course_features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Course features</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Course_features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Competitions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Competitions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Competitions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Competitions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Competitions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Competitions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-International" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>International</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Miniature golf</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 30 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%81_%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%BA%D8%B1" title="غولف مصغر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غولف مصغر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigoif" title="Minigoif – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Minigoif" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigolf" title="Minigolf – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Minigolf" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigolf" title="Minigolf – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Minigolf" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigolf" title="Minigolf – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Minigolf" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigolf" title="Minigolf – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Minigolf" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigolf" title="Minigolf – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Minigolf" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigolf" title="Minigolf – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Minigolf" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengolfo" title="Lengolfo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Lengolfo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigolf" title="Minigolf – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Minigolf" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigolf" title="Minigolf – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Minigolf" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99_%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A3" title="מיני גולף – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מיני גולף" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigolf" title="Minigolf – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Minigolf" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigolfas" title="Minigolfas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Minigolfas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigolf" title="Minigolf – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Minigolf" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golf_miniatur" title="Golf miniatur – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Golf miniatur" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigolf" title="Minigolf – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Minigolf" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B4%E3%83%AB%E3%83%95" title="パターゴルフ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パターゴルフ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigolf" title="Minigolf – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Minigolf" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigolf" title="Minigolf – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Minigolf" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigolfe" title="Minigolfe – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Minigolfe" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8-%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84" title="Мини-гольф – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мини-гольф" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigolfi" title="Minigolfi – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Minigolfi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigolf" title="Minigolf – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Minigolf" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%84" title="Мини голф – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мини голф" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigolf" title="Minigolf – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Minigolf" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangolf" title="Bangolf – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bangolf" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigolf" title="Minigolf – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Minigolf" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84" title="Мінігольф – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мінігольф" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigolf" title="Minigolf – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Minigolf" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q754796#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Mini-Putt" redirects here. For video game, see <a href="/wiki/Mini-Putt_(video_game)" title="Mini-Putt (video game)">Mini-Putt (video game)</a>. For video game series, see <a href="/wiki/Putt-Putt_(series)" title="Putt-Putt (series)">Putt-Putt (series)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn" style="padding-bottom:0.2em;">Miniature golf</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Minigolf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Minigolf.jpg/220px-Minigolf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="292" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Minigolf.jpg/330px-Minigolf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Minigolf.jpg/440px-Minigolf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1432" data-file-height="1900" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">Highest <a href="/wiki/Sports_governing_body" title="Sports governing body">governing body</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/World_Minigolf_Sport_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="World Minigolf Sport Federation">World Minigolf Sport Federation</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#eee;">Characteristics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">Contact</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">No</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Mixed-sex_sports" title="Mixed-sex sports">Mixed-sex</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">No, except mixed multiples</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Club sport</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">Equipment</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">putter, ball, artificial course</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#eee;">Presence</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympic</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">No</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/World_Games" title="World Games">World Games</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/1989_World_Games" title="1989 World Games">1989</a> (invitational)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Miniature golf</b> (also known as <b>minigolf</b>, <b>putt-putt</b>, <b>crazy golf</b>, and by <a href="#Nomenclature">several other names</a>) is an offshoot of the sport of <a href="/wiki/Golf" title="Golf">golf</a> focusing solely on the <a href="/wiki/Putting" class="mw-redirect" title="Putting">putting</a> aspect of its parent game. The aim of the game is to score the lowest number of points. It is played on courses consisting of a series of holes (usually a multiple of 9) similar to those of its parent, but the courses are characterized by their short length (usually within 10 metres from tee to cup). </p><p>The game uses artificial putting surfaces (such as carpet, <a href="/wiki/Artificial_turf" title="Artificial turf">artificial turf</a>, or concrete), a geometric layout often requiring non-traditional putting lines such as bank shots, and artificial obstacles such as tunnels, tubes, ramps, moving obstacles like windmills, and walls made of concrete, metal, or fiberglass. When miniature golf retains many of these characteristics but without the use of any props or obstacles, it is purely a mini version of its parent game. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boys_playing_miniature_golf_in_Alameda_County,_California,_1963.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Boys_playing_miniature_golf_in_Alameda_County%2C_California%2C_1963.jpg/220px-Boys_playing_miniature_golf_in_Alameda_County%2C_California%2C_1963.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Boys_playing_miniature_golf_in_Alameda_County%2C_California%2C_1963.jpg/330px-Boys_playing_miniature_golf_in_Alameda_County%2C_California%2C_1963.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Boys_playing_miniature_golf_in_Alameda_County%2C_California%2C_1963.jpg/440px-Boys_playing_miniature_golf_in_Alameda_County%2C_California%2C_1963.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1806" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Boys playing miniature golf in <a href="/wiki/Alameda_County,_California" title="Alameda County, California">Alameda County, California</a>, 1963</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cape_May_Mini_Golf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Cape_May_Mini_Golf.jpg/150px-Cape_May_Mini_Golf.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Cape_May_Mini_Golf.jpg/225px-Cape_May_Mini_Golf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Cape_May_Mini_Golf.jpg/300px-Cape_May_Mini_Golf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>A miniature golf course in <a href="/wiki/Cape_May,_New_Jersey" title="Cape May, New Jersey">Cape May, New Jersey</a></figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nomenclature">Nomenclature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miniature_golf&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Nomenclature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While the <a href="/wiki/World_Minigolf_Sport_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="World Minigolf Sport Federation">World Minigolf Sport Federation</a> (WMF)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> prefers to use the name <i>minigolf</i>, the game has several other names which vary between countries, including <i>mini-golf</i>, <i>midget golf</i>, <i>goofy golf</i>, <i>shorties</i>, <i>extreme golf</i>, <i>crazy golf</i>, <i>adventure golf</i>, <i>mini-putt</i>, and <i>putter golf</i>. The name <a href="/wiki/Putt-Putt_Fun_Center" title="Putt-Putt Fun Center">Putt-Putt</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Trademark" title="Trademark">trademark</a> of an American company<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that builds and franchises miniature golf courses in addition to other family-oriented entertainment. The term <i>putt-putt</i> is sometimes used colloquially to refer to the game itself. The term <i>minigolf</i> was formerly a registered trademark of a Swedish company<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (July 2024)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> that built its own patented type of minigolf courses.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miniature_golf&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Geometrically shaped minigolf courses made of artificial materials (carpet) began to emerge during the early 20th century. The earliest documented mention of such a course is in the June 8, 1912, edition of <i>The Illustrated London News</i>, which introduces a minigolf course called the Gofstacle.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first standardized minigolf courses to enter commercial mass-production were the Thistle Dhu ("This'll Do") course in 1916 in <a href="/wiki/Pinehurst,_North_Carolina" title="Pinehurst, North Carolina">Pinehurst</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the 1927 Tom Thumb patent of <a href="/wiki/Garnet_Carter" title="Garnet Carter">Garnet Carter</a> from <a href="/wiki/Lookout_Mountain,_Tennessee" title="Lookout Mountain, Tennessee">Lookout Mountain, Tennessee</a>. <a href="/wiki/Thomas_McCulloch_Fairbairn_(inventor)" title="Thomas McCulloch Fairbairn (inventor)">Thomas McCullough Fairbairn</a>, a golf fanatic, revolutionized the game in 1922 with his formulation of a suitable artificial green—a mixture of cottonseed hulls, sand, oil, and dye. With this discovery, miniature golf became accessible everywhere; by the late 1920s there were over 150 rooftop courses in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> alone and tens of thousands across the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This American minigolf boom of early 20th century came to an end during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a> in the late 1930s. Nearly all minigolf courses in the United States were closed and demolished before the end of the 1930s.<sup id="cite_ref-haeber_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-haeber-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A rare surviving example from this period is the <a href="/wiki/Parkside_Whispering_Pines_Miniature_Golf_Course" class="mw-redirect" title="Parkside Whispering Pines Miniature Golf Course">Parkside Whispering Pines Miniature Golf Course</a> located near <a href="/wiki/Rochester,_New_York" title="Rochester, New York">Rochester, New York</a>, and listed on the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a> in 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-nris_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nris-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first miniature golf course in <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> was at the Maples Inn in <a href="/wiki/Pointe-Claire" title="Pointe-Claire">Pointe-Claire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>. The "Mapes" was constructed as a summer home in the 1890s but was renovated into a club in 1902, opened to the public in 1914, and had a miniature golf course in 1930. The popular nightspot burned in 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_origins">European origins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miniature_golf&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: European origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Minigolf_Ascona.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Minigolf_Ascona.jpg/220px-Minigolf_Ascona.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Minigolf_Ascona.jpg/330px-Minigolf_Ascona.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Minigolf_Ascona.jpg/440px-Minigolf_Ascona.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Minigolf Ascona, opened in 1954</figcaption></figure> <p>One of the first documented minigolf courses in mainland <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> was built in 1926 by a man surnamed Schröder in <a href="/wiki/Hamburg,_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamburg, Germany">Hamburg, Germany</a>. Schröder had been inspired by his visit to the United States, where he had seen minigolf courses spreading across the country.<sup id="cite_ref-bganormy_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bganormy-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1930 Edwin O. Norrman and Eskil Norman returned to Sweden from the United States, where they had stayed for several years and witnessed the golden days of the American minigolf boom. In 1931 they founded the company "Norman och Norrmans Miniatyrgolf" and began manufacturing standardized minigolf courses for the Swedish market. During the following years they spread this new leisure activity across Sweden, by installing minigolf courses in public parks and other suitable locations.<sup id="cite_ref-bganormy_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bganormy-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Swedish minigolf courses typically had a rectangular wooden frame surrounding the playing area made of tennis field sand;<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in contrast, American manufacturers used newly developed and patented felt as the surface of their minigolf courses. Felt did not become popular as a surface material in Sweden until in the mid-1960s—but since then it has become practically the only surface material used in Scandinavia and the United Kingdom, due to its favorable playing qualities in wet weather. Minigolf courses with a felt surface can be played in rainy weather, because water soaks through the felt into the ground. The other commonly used surface materials, <a href="/wiki/Concrete" title="Concrete">concrete</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fibre_cement" title="Fibre cement">fibre-cement</a>, cannot be used in rainy weather, because the rainwater pools on them, stopping the ball from rolling. </p><p>The Swedish Minigolf Federation (Svenska Bangolfförbundet)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was founded in 1937, making it the oldest minigolf sport organization in the world. National Swedish championships in minigolf have been played yearly since 1939.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In other countries minigolf sport federations were not founded until the late 1950s, due to the post-war economical depression. </p><p>In 1954, the minigolf course in <a href="/wiki/Ascona" title="Ascona">Ascona</a>, Switzerland, opened. It is the oldest course in the world which follows the norms of Paul Bongni. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Competitive_games">Competitive games</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miniature_golf&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Competitive games"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The earliest documented minigolf competitions were played in the United States. The first National Tom Thumb Open minigolf tournament was arranged in 1930, with a total cash purse $10,000 (the top prize being $2,000). Qualification play-offs were played in all of the 48 states, and the final competition on <a href="/wiki/Lookout_Mountain" title="Lookout Mountain">Lookout Mountain</a>, Chattanooga, Tennessee, attracted over 200 players representing thirty states.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the Depression ten years later, minigolf died out as a competition sport in America, and has begun to recover only during the most recent decades. The American minigolf sport boom of the 1930s inspired many European countries, and the sport of minigolf lived on in Europe even after the American game fell into Depression. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-depression_U.S.">Post-depression U.S.</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miniature_golf&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Post-depression U.S."><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Miniature-golf_course_labeled_in_newspaper_feature_photo,_1930.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Miniature-golf_course_labeled_in_newspaper_feature_photo%2C_1930.jpg/350px-Miniature-golf_course_labeled_in_newspaper_feature_photo%2C_1930.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Miniature-golf_course_labeled_in_newspaper_feature_photo%2C_1930.jpg/525px-Miniature-golf_course_labeled_in_newspaper_feature_photo%2C_1930.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Miniature-golf_course_labeled_in_newspaper_feature_photo%2C_1930.jpg/700px-Miniature-golf_course_labeled_in_newspaper_feature_photo%2C_1930.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3536" data-file-height="1152" /></a><figcaption>Golf layout from the <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Evening_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles Evening Express">Evening Express</a>,</i> Los Angeles, California, 1930</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Monster_Mini_Golf_Glow_in_the_Dark_Golfer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Monster_Mini_Golf_Glow_in_the_Dark_Golfer.jpg/150px-Monster_Mini_Golf_Glow_in_the_Dark_Golfer.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Monster_Mini_Golf_Glow_in_the_Dark_Golfer.jpg/225px-Monster_Mini_Golf_Glow_in_the_Dark_Golfer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Monster_Mini_Golf_Glow_in_the_Dark_Golfer.jpg/300px-Monster_Mini_Golf_Glow_in_the_Dark_Golfer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Golfer golfing at <a href="/wiki/Monster_Mini_Golf" title="Monster Mini Golf">Monster Mini Golf</a>, an indoor glow in the dark mini golf course</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1938 Joseph and Robert Taylor from <a href="/wiki/Binghamton" class="mw-redirect" title="Binghamton">Binghamton</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>, started building and operating their own miniature golf courses. These courses differed from the ones in the late 20s and early 30s; they were no longer just rolls, banks, and curves, with an occasional pipe thrown in. Their courses not only had <a href="/wiki/Landscaping" title="Landscaping">landscaping</a>, but also obstacles, including <a href="/wiki/Windmills" class="mw-redirect" title="Windmills">windmills</a>, <a href="/wiki/Castles" class="mw-redirect" title="Castles">castles</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wishing_well" title="Wishing well">wishing wells</a>. </p><p>Impressed by the quality of the courses, many customers asked if the Taylors would build a course for them. By the early 1940s, Joe and Bob formed Taylor Brothers, and were in the business of building miniature golf courses and supplying obstacles to the industry. During both the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam Wars</a>, many a G.I. played on a Taylor Brothers <a href="/wiki/Prefabricated" class="mw-redirect" title="Prefabricated">prefabricated</a> course that the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Military" title="Military">Military</a> had contracted to be built and shipped overseas. In the 1950s, Don Clayton invented the Putt-Putt brand with a focus on treating minigolf seriously, emphasizing skill and player improvement. Most of the Putt Putt routes were 2-par holes involving ramps or angled blocks that could be mastered in one go through practice.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the late 1950s, almost all supply catalogs carried Taylor Brother's obstacles. In 1961, Bob Taylor, Don Clayton of Putt-Putt, and Frank Abramoff of <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Palmer" title="Arnold Palmer">Arnold Palmer</a> Miniature Golf organised the first miniature golf association known as NAPCOMS (or the "National Association of Putting Course Operators, Manufacturers, and Suppliers"). Their first meeting was held in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>. Though this <a href="/wiki/Organization" title="Organization">organization</a> only lasted a few years it was the first attempt to bring miniature golf operators together to promote miniature golf. </p><p>In 1955, Lomma Golf, Inc., founded by Al Lomma and his brother <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Lomma" title="Ralph Lomma">Ralph Lomma</a>, led the revival of wacky, animated trick hazards. These hazards required both accurately aimed shots and split-second timing to avoid spinning windmill blades, <a href="/wiki/Rotation" title="Rotation">revolving</a> <a href="/wiki/Statuary" class="mw-redirect" title="Statuary">statuary</a>, and other careening obstacles.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The book, <i>Tilting At Windmills: How I Tried To Stop Worrying And Love Sport</i>, by Andy Miller tells the story of the formerly sports-hating author attempting to change by competing in miniature golf, including events in <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> and <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a>. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, National Miniature Golf Day is held yearly on the second Saturday of May. The event had its <a href="/wiki/Inaugural" class="mw-redirect" title="Inaugural">inaugural</a> <a href="/wiki/Party" title="Party">celebration</a> on May 12, 2007, and was officially recognized and published in 2008's edition of <i><a href="/wiki/Chase%27s_Calendar_of_Events" title="Chase's Calendar of Events">Chase's Calendar of Events</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_countries">Other countries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miniature_golf&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Other countries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By the 1950s the American Putt-Putt company was exporting their minigolf courses to South Africa, Australia, Japan, Korea, India, Iran, Italy, Pakistan, Argentina, Brazil, and the Eastern Bloc.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governing_body">Governing body</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miniature_golf&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Governing body"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The sport of miniature golf is governed internationally by the World Minigolf Sport Federation (WMF), headquartered in Göteborg, Sweden. The WMF is a member of <a href="/wiki/Global_Association_of_International_Sports_Federations" title="Global Association of International Sports Federations">Global Association of International Sports Federations</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and within it, of the Alliance of Independent Recognized Members of Sport (AIMS).<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> WMF is also member of the Association for International Sport for All (TAFISA).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It organizes World Championships for youth and elite players, and Continental Championships in Europe, Asia and the United States, held in alternate years. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WMF_Members">WMF Members</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miniature_golf&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: WMF Members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Nation</th> <th>Governing body </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></td> <td>Australian Mini Golf Association </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></td> <td>Österreichischer Bahnengolf-Verband </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></td> <td>Union Belge de MiniGolf — Belgische Verbond voor MidgetGolf<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></td> <td>China Minigolf Sport Federation </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></td> <td>Croatian Minigolf Federation </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></td> <td>City Mini Golf </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></td> <td>Český minigolfový svaz </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a></td> <td>Dansk Minigolf Union<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></td> <td>Estonian Minigolf Association </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></td> <td>Suomen Ratagolfliitto </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td> <td>Fédération Française de Minigolf </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></td> <td>Deutscher Minigolfsport Verband<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">Great Britain</a></td> <td>British Mini Golf Association </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a></td> <td>Magyar Minigolf Országos Szakszövetség </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td> <td>Minigolf Federation of India </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td> <td>Persatuan Mini Golf Indonesia </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></td> <td>Iran Minigolf Society </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></td> <td>Israeli Minigolf Association (R.A.) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td> <td>Federazione Italiana Golf su Pista </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></td> <td>Japan Mini Golf Association </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/21px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/32px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/42px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a></td> <td>Federata e Minigolfit e Kosovës </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></td> <td>Latvian Minigolf Clubs Association </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/23px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/35px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/46px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></td> <td>Liechtensteiner Minigolf-Sport-Verband </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></td> <td>Fédération Luxembourgeoise de Golf sur Pistes </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></td> <td>Malaysian Minigolf Sport Association (MMGSA) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></td> <td>Federacion Mexicana de Minigolf </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/23px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/35px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/46px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a></td> <td>National Golf Federation of Moldova </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a></td> <td>Mongolian Amateur Minigolf Federation </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></td> <td>NMB = Nederlandse Minigolf Bond<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a></td> <td>MiniatureGolf Association </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a></td> <td>Norges Minigolf Forbund </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></td> <td>Affiliation Minigolf of the Philippines </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></td> <td>Minigolf Club Sopot </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></td> <td>Federacão Portuguesa de Minigolfe </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></td> <td>Club Sportiv Minigolf Riviera </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></td> <td>Russian Golf Association </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a></td> <td>Serbian Minigolf Association </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></td> <td>Miniature Golf Association (Singapore) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a></td> <td>Slovenský zväz dráhového golfu </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a></td> <td>Mini Golf Zveza Slovenije </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></td> <td>Korea Newsports Association </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></td> <td>Svenska Bangolfförbundet </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span>  </span><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></td> <td>Swiss Minigolf </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Olympic_games.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Olympic_games.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Olympic_games.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Olympic_games.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Olympic_games.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Olympic_games.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Taipei" title="Chinese Taipei">Taipei</a></td> <td>Minigolf Sport Association </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></td> <td>Minigolf Association Thailand </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></td> <td>Uluslararasi Minigolf & Tuna Minigolf </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a></td> <td>Ukrainian Golf Federation </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">UAE</a></td> <td>Emirati Mini Golf </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a></td> <td>United States ProMiniGolf Association (USPMGA) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></td> <td>Vietnam Minigolf Foundation </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Course_types">Course types</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miniature_golf&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Course types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Minigolfanlage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Minigolfanlage.jpg/170px-Minigolfanlage.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Minigolfanlage.jpg/255px-Minigolfanlage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Minigolfanlage.jpg/340px-Minigolfanlage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="709" data-file-height="1063" /></a><figcaption>Eternite miniature golf course</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bulltoftaparken,_Minigolfbanan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Bulltoftaparken%2C_Minigolfbanan.jpg/220px-Bulltoftaparken%2C_Minigolfbanan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Bulltoftaparken%2C_Minigolfbanan.jpg/330px-Bulltoftaparken%2C_Minigolfbanan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Bulltoftaparken%2C_Minigolfbanan.jpg/440px-Bulltoftaparken%2C_Minigolfbanan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1342" data-file-height="1006" /></a><figcaption>Felt course (front) and eternite course (rear), in <a href="/wiki/Malm%C3%B6" title="Malmö">Malmö</a></figcaption></figure> <p>All competitions approved by World Minigolfsport Federation are played on standardized courses, whose design has been checked to be suitable for competitive play. The WMF currently approves four different course types: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Concrete" title="Concrete">Beton</a><sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated6_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated6-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (abbreviated B, sometimes called "Bongni" and named after Paul Bongni of Geneva, Switzerland, "Minigolf" or "Abteilung 1")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eternit" title="Eternit">Eternite</a><sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated5_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated5-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (abbreviated E (in Sweden EB), sometimes called "Europabana", "Miniaturgolf" or "Abteilung 2")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felt" title="Felt">Felt</a><sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated3_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated3-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (abbreviated F or SFR, sometimes called "Swedish felt runs"), and</li> <li>Minigolf Open Standard<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (abbreviated "MOS"). The latter non-standardized playing system, MOS, covers all minigolf courses that the three standardized systems (B, E, F) do not cover.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Course_features">Course features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miniature_golf&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Course features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The final holes (often the 18th hole or a bonus <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238216509">.mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#b1d2ff}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}</style><span class="vanchor"><span id="19th_hole"></span><span class="vanchor-text">19th hole</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-mini_golf_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mini_golf-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) of many miniature golf courses are designed to capture the ball, effectively preventing the player from playing additional rounds without purchasing another game. This may be accomplished with a "drain" or trap-door hole setup that channels the ball to a lockbox. </p><p>The 19th hole on miniature golf courses is often a hole in which if a hole-in-one is scored, one receives a free game.<sup id="cite_ref-mini_golf_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mini_golf-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One popular method of theming the 18th hole in the United States is to use a gated, ramped target area depicting the face of a <a href="/wiki/Clown" title="Clown">clown</a>; if the ball lands "in" the clown's nose, a bell may sound and the player would win a discount ticket for another game. Another method for capturing the ball incorporated by various adventure golf courses involves a tube that sucks and propels the ball with pressurized air to a collection area or another area of the course typically on a higher elevation.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Competitions">Competitions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miniature_golf&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Competitions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The world record on one round of minigolf is 18 strokes on 18 holes. More than a thousand players have officially achieved this score on eternite. On other playing systems, a perfect round of 18 holes-in-one is extremely rare, and has never been scored in an official national or international tournament. Unofficial 18-rounds on concrete and felt courses have been reported in Sweden.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated2_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nearly all European countries have an official national federation for promoting minigolf as a competition sport. The bi-annual European Championships attract competitors from more than twenty European countries. As of 2012, Chris Beattie has been the holder of the European Championship title.<sup id="cite_ref-results_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-results-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Outside Europe only a small number of countries have participated in international minigolf competitions. These countries include the United States, Japan, China, India and Taiwan. A national minigolf federation exists also in Moldova, Mexico, Australia and New Zealand, but none of these countries has ever participated in international competitions, and probably are not arranging many domestic competitions either.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>World Minigolfsport Federation represents some 40,000 registered competition players from 37 countries.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated4_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated4-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The national minigolf federation of Germany has 11,000 members with a competing license,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Swedish federation has 8,000 registered competition players.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated2_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other strong minigolf countries include Austria and Switzerland, each having a few thousand licensed competition players. Also Italy, Czech Republic and Netherlands have traditionally been able to send a strong team to international championships, even if they cannot count their licensed players in thousands. </p><p>The sceptre of competitive minigolf rests quite firmly in mainland Europe: no player from other countries (such as UK, the United States, Japan et cetera) has ever reached even the top 50 in World Championships (in men's category).<sup id="cite_ref-results_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-results-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nearly all national federations outside Europe were founded only quite recently (within the last ten years), and it will take time before the players of these countries learn all secrets of the game. The United States has a longer history of minigolf competitions, but the standardized European competition courses are practically unknown in the United States, and therefore the American players have been unable to learn the secrets of European minigolf. On the traditional American courses the best American players are able to challenge the European top players into a tough and exciting competition.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The British Minigolf Association (BMGA) has an additional problem on their way to greater success in competitive minigolf. While the minigolf federations in mainland Europe receive annual funding from the government, in England the national sports organization <a href="/wiki/Sport_England" title="Sport England">Sport England</a> has refused to accept BMGA as its member – which means that BMGA is left without the public funding that other forms of sports enjoy. The rules of Sport England declare that only one variant of each sport can be accepted as member – and minigolf is interpreted as a variant of golf.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated4_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated4-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The most prize money is paid in the United States, where the winner of a major competition may earn up to $5,000. In mainland Europe the prize money generally quite low, and in many cases honor is the only thing at stake in the competition. International championships usually award no prize money at all. </p><p>In the US there are two organizations offering national <a href="/wiki/Tournament" title="Tournament">tournaments</a>: the <a href="/wiki/Professional_Putters_Association" title="Professional Putters Association">Professional Putters Association</a> and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=US_Pro_Mini-Golf_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="US Pro Mini-Golf Association (page does not exist)">US Pro Mini-Golf Association</a> (USPMGA). The USPMGA represents the United States in the World Minigolfsport Federation, having been an active member since 1995. USPMGA President Robert Detwiler is also the WMF representative for <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a>. </p><p>The New Israeli Minigolf Association was established in February 2010 in Israel. Setting up, for the first time, league play according to the rules of WMF and USPMGA. Now, a series of lush and inviting minigolf parks in prime locations are being built around Israel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International">International</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miniature_golf&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: International"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>World Minigolfsport Federation (WMF), a member of <a href="/wiki/AGFIS" class="mw-redirect" title="AGFIS">AGFIS</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> organizes World Championships biennially (on odd-numbered years), while the continental championships in Europe and Asia are organized on even-numbered years. Many of these competitions are arranged for three age groups: juniors (under 20 years), adults (no age limit), and seniors (over 45 years).<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Men and women compete separately in their own categories, except in some team competitions and pair competitions. The difference in the playing skills of men and women is very small at the top level. Sometimes the best player in a major international tournament is female. Typically the winner in women's category would be very close to medals also in men's category.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>World and European Championships have so far never been arranged on MOS courses (which are popular in the United States and UK, and were approved by WMF for competition use only a few years ago). International competitions are typically arranged on two courses of 18 holes, of which one course is eternite, and the other course is usually concrete, less commonly felt. In the future, the WMF is expected to use also MOS courses in international championships – which will give American and British players a chance to show their skills on their own traditional course types. </p><p>The most prestigious MOS minigolf competitions in the world are the US Masters, US Open, British Open, <a href="/wiki/World_Crazy_Golf_Championships" title="World Crazy Golf Championships">World Crazy Golf Championships</a> and the <a href="/wiki/World_Adventure_Golf_Masters" title="World Adventure Golf Masters">World Adventure Golf Masters</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miniature_golf&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clock_golf" title="Clock golf">Clock golf</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9fi_mini-putt" title="Défi mini-putt">Défi mini-putt</a></i>, a 1990s <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9seau_des_sports" title="Réseau des sports">RDS</a> televised minigolf series from <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Minigolf_Sport_Federation" title="European Minigolf Sport Federation">European Minigolf Sport Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M.C._Mini_Masters" title="M.C. Mini Masters">M.C. Mini Masters</a>, a unique annual amateur miniature golf tournament</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitch_and_putt" title="Pitch and putt">Pitch and putt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_Putters_Association" title="Professional Putters Association">Professional Putters Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sholf" title="Sholf">Sholf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variations_of_golf" title="Variations of golf">Variations of golf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Crazy_Golf_Championships" title="World Crazy Golf Championships">World Crazy Golf Championships</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miniature_golf&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.minigolfsport.com/">"MINIGOLFSPORT.COM :. – World minigolf sport federation"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050110012604/http://www.minigolfsport.com/">Archived</a> from the original on January 10, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 18,</span> 2004</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MINIGOLFSPORT.COM+%3A.+%E2%80%93+World+minigolf+sport+federation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.minigolfsport.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiniature+golf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.puttputt.com/">"Welcome to Putt Putt Fun Centers!"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100325132207/http://www.puttputt.com/">Archived</a> from the original on March 25, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 7,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Welcome+to+Putt+Putt+Fun+Centers%21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.puttputt.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiniature+golf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304195544/http://www.miniaturegolfer.com/gofstacle.html">"<i>The Illustrated London News</i> June 8, 1912"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miniaturegolfer.com/gofstacle.html">the original</a> on March 4, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Illustrated+London+News+June+8%2C+1912&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miniaturegolfer.com%2Fgofstacle.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiniature+golf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FykDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA84">84–86 Wiswell, Edward H. "The Golf Course of Thistle Dhu: A Miniature Course that Demands All the Skill of An Expert Golfer." Popular Science Monthly 95, No. 2, August 1919.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221116131600/https://books.google.com/books?id=FykDAAAAMBAJ&lpg=PA2&pg=PA84&hl=en">Archived</a> November 16, 2022, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeeler1928" class="citation magazine cs1">Keeler, O.B (March 1928). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100807015844/http://www.la84foundation.org/SportsLibrary/AmericanGolfer/1928/ag316f.pdf">"It's a Shriving Test: It's Hard to Tell What You'll Do at Thistle Dhu"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The American Golfer</i>. Vol. XXXI, no. 6. pp. 8, 40. 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March 13, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Register+of+Historic+Places&rft.atitle=National+Register+Information+System&rft.date=2009-03-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnpgallery.nps.gov%2FNRHP&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiniature+golf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>West Island Chronicle</i>, June 29, 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bganormy-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bganormy_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bganormy_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071005232135/http://www.minigolfsport.se/bganormy.htm#ty">"BANGOLF – Bangolf – bangolf – UPPKOMST OCH UTVECKLING"</a>. October 5, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.minigolfsport.se/bganormy.htm#ty">the original</a> on October 5, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BANGOLF+%E2%80%93+Bangolf+%E2%80%93+bangolf+%E2%80%93+UPPKOMST+OCH+UTVECKLING&rft.date=2007-10-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.minigolfsport.se%2Fbganormy.htm%23ty&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiniature+golf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080416223357/http://www.citygolf.se/english/history.html">"The history of minigolf"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 25,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GAISF+%C2%BB+Members&rft.au=btcom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgaisf.sport%2Fmembers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiniature+golf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aims.sport/members/">"Members – AIMS"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 25,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Members+%E2%80%93+AIMS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faims.sport%2Fmembers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiniature+golf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tafisa.org/international-members">"International Members | TAFISA"</a>. <i>tafisa.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.minigolfpics.com/html/courses_sweden_ornskoldsvik.html">the original</a> on December 21, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=miniaturegolfer.com&rft.atitle=Mini+Golf+and+putting+terminology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miniaturegolfer.com%2Fminiature_golf_terminology.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiniature+golf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated2-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated2_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated2_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bangolf.se/t2.aspx?p=112569">"Svenska Bangolfförbundet"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070505103330/http://www.bangolf.se/t2.aspx?p=112569">Archived</a> from the original on May 5, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Svenska+Bangolff%C3%B6rbundet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bangolf.se%2Ft2.aspx%3Fp%3D112569&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiniature+golf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-results-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-results_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-results_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303174556/http://www.minigolfsport.com/results.php">"World minigolf sport federation"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.minigolfsport.com/members.html">the original</a> on January 18, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+minigolf+sport+federation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.minigolfsport.com%2Fmembers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiniature+golf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated4-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated4_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated4_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160210044742/http://miniaturegolfer.com/minigolf_olympics.html">"Minigolf: From Summer Holidays to the Summer Olympics"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miniaturegolfer.com/minigolf_olympics.html">the original</a> on February 10, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Minigolf%3A+From+Summer+Holidays+to+the+Summer+Olympics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miniaturegolfer.com%2Fminigolf_olympics.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiniature+golf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151105185508/http://www.minigolfsport.de/download/bundesliga2007.pdf">"1.4. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.minigolfsport.de/download/bundesliga2007.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on November 5, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1.4.+Mainz-Hartenbergpark+29.4.+Kiel-Gaarden+13.5.+Bamberg+3.6.+N%C3%BCmbrecht+1.7.+Brechten+28.7.+Bad+Sobernheim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.minigolfsport.de%2Fdownload%2Fbundesliga2007.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiniature+golf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.minigolftraining.com/Results%20documents/2006%20USPMGA%20Master.doc">[2]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070620150016/http://www.minigolftraining.com/Results%20documents/2006%20USPMGA%20Master.doc">Archived</a> June 20, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070410012742/http://www.agfisonline.com/">"AGFIS - General Association of International Sports Federations : Home"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.agfisonline.com/">the original</a> on April 10, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AGFIS+-+General+Association+of+International+Sports+Federations+%3A+Home&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.agfisonline.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiniature+golf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070620150016/http://www.minigolfsport.com/rules/3_1_060730.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.minigolfsport.com/rules/3_1_060730.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on June 20, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.minigolfsport.com%2Frules%2F3_1_060730.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiniature+golf" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927064523/http://www.oebgv.at/index.php?page=ergebnisse_international">"Österreichischer Bahnengolfverband – Internationale Minigolfergebnisse"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oebgv.at/index.php?page=ergebnisse_international">the original</a> on September 27, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%C3%96sterreichischer+Bahnengolfverband+%E2%80%93+Internationale+Minigolfergebnisse&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oebgv.at%2Findex.php%3Fpage%3Dergebnisse_international&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiniature+golf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miniature_golf&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 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title="Template talk:Golf"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Golf" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Golf"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Golf" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Golf" title="Golf">Golf</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Overview</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_golf" title="History of golf">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_golf" title="Glossary of golf">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_golf" title="Outline of golf">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rules_of_golf" title="Rules of golf">Rules</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golf_etiquette" title="Golf etiquette">etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stroke_play" title="Stroke play">stroke play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Match_play" title="Match play">match play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four-ball_golf" title="Four-ball golf">four-ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foursomes" title="Foursomes">foursomes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Par_(score)" title="Par (score)">scoring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stableford" title="Stableford">Stableford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handicap_(golf)" title="Handicap (golf)">handicap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penalty_(golf)" title="Penalty (golf)">penalties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playoff_(golf)" title="Playoff (golf)">playoffs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_course" title="Golf course">Golf course</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Links_(golf)" title="Links (golf)">links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teeing_ground" title="Teeing ground">teeing ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazard_(golf)" title="Hazard (golf)">hazards</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_equipment" title="Golf equipment">Equipment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golf_club" title="Golf club">golf clubs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_ball" title="Golf ball">golf ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tee" title="Tee">tee</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golf_swing" title="Golf swing">Golf swing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drive_(golf)" title="Drive (golf)">drive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_instruction" title="Golf instruction">Instruction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Country_club" title="Country club">Country club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_club_(establishment)" title="Golf club (establishment)">Golf club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Driving_range" title="Driving range">Driving range</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro_shop" title="Pro shop">Pro shop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Governing<br />organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Golf_Federation" title="International Golf Federation">International Golf Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_R%26A" title="The R&A">The R&A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Golf_Association" title="United States Golf Association">United States Golf Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_Golfers%27_Association_(Great_Britain_and_Ireland)" title="Professional Golfers' Association (Great Britain and Ireland)">Professional Golfers' Association (Great Britain and Ireland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_Golfers%27_Association_of_America" title="Professional Golfers' Association of America">Professional Golfers' Association of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_golf_tours" title="Professional golf tours">Professional golf tours</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LPGA" title="LPGA">LPGA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PGA_Tour" title="PGA Tour">PGA Tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PGA_European_Tour" title="PGA European Tour">PGA European Tour</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Society_of_Golf_Course_Architects" title="American Society of Golf Course Architects">American Society of Golf Course Architects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Golf_Teachers_Federation" title="World Golf Teachers Federation">World Golf Teachers Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Majors<br />(<a href="/wiki/Grand_Slam_(golf)" title="Grand Slam (golf)">Grand Slam</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Triple_Crown_(golf)" title="Triple Crown (golf)">Triple Crown</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Men%27s_major_golf_championships" title="Men's major golf championships">Men</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Masters_Tournament" title="Masters Tournament">Masters Tournament</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Augusta_National_Golf_Club" title="Augusta National Golf Club">Augusta National</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PGA_Championship" title="PGA Championship">PGA Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Open_(golf)" title="U.S. Open (golf)">U.S. Open</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Open_Championship" title="The Open Championship">The Open Championship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_The_Open_Championship_venues" title="List of The Open Championship venues">venues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Challenge_Belt" title="Challenge Belt">Challenge Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claret_Jug" title="Claret Jug">Claret Jug</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_major_golf_championships" title="Women's major golf championships">Women</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Chevron_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="The Chevron Championship">The Chevron Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Women%27s_Open" title="U.S. Women's Open">U.S. Women's Open</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_PGA_Championship" title="Women's PGA Championship">Women's PGA Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Evian_Championship" title="The Evian Championship">The Evian Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_British_Open" title="Women's British Open">Women's British Open</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Senior_major_golf_championships" title="Senior major golf championships">Senior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Tradition" title="The Tradition">The Tradition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senior_PGA_Championship" title="Senior PGA Championship">Senior PGA Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Senior_Open" title="U.S. Senior Open">U.S. Senior Open</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senior_Players_Championship" title="Senior Players Championship">Senior Players Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senior_Open_Championship" title="Senior Open Championship">Senior Open Championship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Senior_women%27s_major_golf_championships" title="Senior women's major golf championships">Senior Women's</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senior_LPGA_Championship" title="Senior LPGA Championship">Senior LPGA Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Senior_Women%27s_Open" title="U.S. Senior Women's Open">U.S. Senior Women's Open</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International<br />events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Team</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Cup" title="Curtis Cup">Curtis Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisenhower_Trophy" title="Eisenhower Trophy">Eisenhower Trophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espirito_Santo_Trophy" title="Espirito Santo Trophy">Espirito Santo Trophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Amateur_Team_Championship" title="European Amateur Team Championship">European Amateur Team Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Ladies%27_Team_Championship" title="European Ladies' Team Championship">European Ladies' Team Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Crown" title="International Crown">International Crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidents_Cup" title="Presidents Cup">Presidents Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryder_Cup" title="Ryder Cup">Ryder Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solheim_Cup" title="Solheim Cup">Solheim Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walker_Cup" title="Walker Cup">Walker Cup</a></li> <li>World Cup <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Cup_(men%27s_golf)" title="World Cup (men's golf)">Men's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_World_Cup_of_Golf" title="Women's World Cup of Golf">Women's</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multi-sport event</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golf_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Golf at the Summer Olympics">Summer Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_at_the_Asian_Games" title="Golf at the Asian Games">Asian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_at_the_Inter-Allied_Games" title="Golf at the Inter-Allied Games">Inter-Allied Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_at_the_Island_Games" title="Golf at the Island Games">Island Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_at_the_Mediterranean_Games" title="Golf at the Mediterranean Games">Mediterranean Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_at_the_Pacific_Games" title="Golf at the Pacific Games">Pacific Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_at_the_Pan_American_Games" title="Golf at the Pan American Games">Pan American Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_at_the_Summer_Universiade" title="Golf at the Summer Universiade">Summer Universiade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_at_the_Youth_Olympic_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="Golf at the Youth Olympic Games">Youth Olympic Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rankings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Official_World_Golf_Ranking" title="Official World Golf Ranking">Men</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_world_number_one_male_golfers" title="List of world number one male golfers">No 1s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_male_golfers_who_have_been_in_the_world_top_10" title="List of male golfers who have been in the world top 10">top 10</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_World_Golf_Rankings" title="Women's World Golf Rankings">Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Amateur_Golf_Ranking" title="World Amateur Golf Ranking">Amateur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_golfers" title="Lists of golfers">Golfers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_male_golfers" title="List of male golfers">Male golfers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_golfers" title="List of female golfers">Female golfers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_men%27s_major_championships_winning_golfers" title="List of men's major championships winning golfers">Men's major championship winners</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chronological_list_of_men%27s_major_golf_champions" title="Chronological list of men's major golf champions">chronologically</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_LPGA_major_championship_winning_golfers" title="List of LPGA major championship winning golfers">Women's major championship winners</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chronological_list_of_LPGA_major_golf_champions" title="Chronological list of LPGA major golf champions">chronologically</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Champions_Tour_major_championship_winning_golfers" title="List of Champions Tour major championship winning golfers">Senior major championship winners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Olympic_medalists_in_golf" title="List of Olympic medalists in golf">Olympic medalists</a></li> <li>Most wins <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golfers_with_most_Asian_Tour_wins" title="List of golfers with most Asian Tour wins">Asian Tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golfers_with_most_Challenge_Tour_wins" title="List of golfers with most Challenge Tour wins">Challenge Tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golfers_with_most_European_Tour_wins" title="List of golfers with most European Tour wins">European Tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golfers_with_most_European_Senior_Tour_wins" title="List of golfers with most European Senior Tour wins">European Senior Tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golfers_with_most_Japan_Golf_Tour_wins" title="List of golfers with most Japan Golf Tour wins">Japan Golf Tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golfers_with_most_Ladies_European_Tour_wins" title="List of golfers with most Ladies European Tour wins">Ladies European Tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golfers_with_most_LPGA_of_Japan_Tour_wins" title="List of golfers with most LPGA of Japan Tour wins">LPGA of Japan Tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golfers_with_most_LPGA_Tour_wins" title="List of golfers with most LPGA Tour wins">LPGA Tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golfers_with_most_PGA_Tour_wins" title="List of golfers with most PGA Tour wins">PGA Tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golfers_with_most_PGA_Tour_Champions_wins" title="List of golfers with most PGA Tour Champions wins">PGA Tour Champions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golfers_with_most_Korn_Ferry_Tour_wins" title="List of golfers with most Korn Ferry Tour wins">Korn Ferry Tour</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists of<br />golf courses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">by feature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_links_golf_courses" title="List of links golf courses">Links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golf_clubs_granted_Royal_status" title="List of golf clubs granted Royal status">Granted Royal status</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">by country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golf_courses_in_Canada" title="List of golf courses in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golf_courses_in_Iceland" title="List of golf courses in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golf_courses_in_India" title="List of golf courses in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golf_courses_in_the_Philippines" title="List of golf courses in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golf_courses_in_Portugal" title="List of golf courses in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golf_courses_in_Sweden" title="List of golf courses in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golf_courses_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of golf courses in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">by designer</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golf_courses_designed_by_Robert_Trent_Jones" title="List of golf courses designed by Robert Trent Jones">Robert Trent Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golf_courses_designed_by_Old_Tom_Morris" title="List of golf courses designed by Old Tom Morris">Old Tom Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golf_courses_designed_by_Jack_Nicklaus" title="List of golf courses designed by Jack Nicklaus">Jack Nicklaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golf_courses_designed_by_Donald_Ross" title="List of golf courses designed by Donald Ross">Donald Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golf_courses_designed_by_A._W._Tillinghast" title="List of golf courses designed by A. W. Tillinghast">A. W. Tillinghast</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golf_in_Australia" title="Golf in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_in_China" title="Golf in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_in_India" title="Golf in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_in_Ireland" title="Golf in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_in_the_Philippines" title="Golf in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_in_Russia" title="Golf in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_in_Scotland" title="Golf in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_in_Sweden" title="Golf in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_in_Thailand" title="Golf in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_in_the_United_States" title="Golf in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_in_Wales" title="Golf in Wales">Wales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Years</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_golf_history_(1353%E2%80%931850)" title="Timeline of golf history (1353–1850)">1353–1850</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_golf_history_(1851%E2%80%931945)" title="Timeline of golf history (1851–1945)">1851–1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_golf_history_(1945%E2%80%931999)" title="Timeline of golf history (1945–1999)">1945–1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_golf_(2000%E2%80%93present)" title="Timeline of golf (2000–present)">2000–2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_in_golf" title="2004 in golf">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_in_golf" title="2005 in golf">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_in_golf" title="2006 in golf">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_in_golf" title="2007 in golf">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_golf" title="2008 in golf">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_in_golf" title="2009 in golf">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_in_golf" title="2010 in golf">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_in_golf" title="2011 in golf">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_in_golf" title="2012 in golf">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_in_golf" title="2013 in golf">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_in_golf" title="2014 in golf">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_in_golf" title="2015 in golf">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_in_golf" title="2016 in golf">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_in_golf" title="2017 in golf">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_in_golf" title="2018 in golf">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_in_golf" title="2019 in golf">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_in_golf" title="2020 in golf">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_in_golf" title="2021 in golf">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_in_golf" title="2022 in golf">2022</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golf_awards" title="List of golf awards">Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golf_course_architects" title="List of golf course architects">Architects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caddie" title="Caddie">Caddie</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caddie_Hall_of_Fame" title="Caddie Hall of Fame">Caddie Hall of Fame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evans_Scholars_Foundation" title="Evans Scholars Foundation">Evans Scholars Foundation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenskeeper" title="Greenskeeper">Greenskeeper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Golf_Hall_of_Fame" title="World Golf Hall of Fame">World Golf Hall of Fame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%26A_World_Golf_Museum" title="R&A World Golf Museum">R&A World Golf Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USGA_Museum" title="USGA Museum">USGA Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Nicklaus_Museum" title="Jack Nicklaus Museum">Jack Nicklaus Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowest_rounds_of_golf" title="Lowest rounds of golf">Lowest rounds</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Furyk%27s_round_of_58" title="Jim Furyk's round of 58">Furyk's 58</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_albatrosses_in_notable_tournaments" title="List of albatrosses in notable tournaments">Albatrosses in notable tournaments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_golf_tournament" title="Open golf tournament">Open tournaments</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Variations_of_golf" title="Variations of golf">Variations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beach_golf" title="Beach golf">Beach golf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disc_golf" title="Disc golf">Disc golf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Footgolf" title="Footgolf">Footgolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GolfCross" title="GolfCross">GolfCross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hickory_golf" title="Hickory golf">Hickory golf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indoor_golf" title="Indoor golf">Indoor golf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_drive" title="Long drive">Long drive</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Miniature golf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_golf" title="Park golf">Park golf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitch_and_putt" title="Pitch and putt">Pitch and putt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shotgun_start" title="Shotgun start">Shotgun start</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skins_game" title="Skins game">Skins game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_golf" title="Snow golf">Snow golf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speed_golf" title="Speed golf">Speed golf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_golf" title="Urban golf">Urban golf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golf_Channel" title="Golf Channel">Golf Channel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Golf_Channel_personalities" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Golf Channel personalities">personalities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GolfTV" title="GolfTV">GolfTV</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Golf_Digest" title="Golf Digest">Golf Digest</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Golf_Magazine" title="Golf Magazine">Golf Magazine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Golf_World" title="Golf World">Golf World</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Golfweek" title="Golfweek">Golfweek</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Links_(magazine)" title="Links (magazine)">Links</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Travel_%2B_Leisure_Golf" title="Travel + Leisure Golf">Travel + Leisure Golf</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_golf_video_games" title="List of golf video games">Video games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JTBC_Golf%26Sports" title="JTBC Golf&Sports">JTBC Golf&Sports</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Golf" title="Category:Golf">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85055810">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123212632">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123212632">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000342181&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007533645105171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a 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