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April 2013</span> </div> <div class="views-field-tid"> <span class="field-content">Pressemitteilung</span> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="more-link"> <a href="/web/20130513065619/http://www.hrw.org/de/news/list/all">Weitere Meldungen »</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="main" class="clear-block"> <div class="page-tools"> <div class="clear-block"> <ul class="links inline"><li class="node_translation_en first"><a href="/web/20130513065619/http://www.hrw.org/news/2012/12/11/eu-enact-controls-digital-weapons-trade" title="EU: Enact Controls on Digital Weapons Trade" class="translation-link"><div class="label">Verfügbar auf: </div> English</a></li> <li class="print_html"><a href="/web/20130513065619/http://www.hrw.org/de/print/news/2012/12/11/eu-handel-mit-digitalen-waffen-kontrollieren" title="Druckoptimierte Version dieser Seite anzeigen." class="print-page" rel="nofollow">Print</a></li> <li class="share last"><span><div class="popup-links"><span 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href="/web/20130513065619/http://www.hrw.org/de/news/2012/12/11/eu-handel-mit-digitalen-waffen-kontrollieren" title="EU: Handel mit digitalen Waffen kontrollieren">EU: Handel mit digitalen Waffen kontrollieren</a> </h6> </div> <h6 class="node-subtitle">Unkontrollierter Export von Überwachungstechnologien bedroht Menschenrechte im Netz</h6> <div class="info"> <div class="meta date"> <span class="created">11. Dezember 2012</span> </div> </div> <div class="content clear-block filter-text"> <div class="widget-links"><ul class="widget-list"><li class="service-links-twitter-widget first"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130513065619/http://twitter.com/share?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fde%2Fnews%2F2012%2F12%2F11%2Feu-handel-mit-digitalen-waffen-kontrollieren&count=horizontal&via=&text=EU%3A%20Handel%20mit%20digitalen%20Waffen%20kontrollieren&counturl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fde%2Fnews%2F2012%2F12%2F11%2Feu-handel-mit-digitalen-waffen-kontrollieren" class="twitter-share-button service-links-twitter-widget" title="Tweet This" rel="nofollow"><span style="display:none;">Tweet Widget</span></a></li> <li class="service-links-facebook-like"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130513065619/http://www.facebook.com/plugins/like.php?href=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fde%2Fnews%2F2012%2F12%2F11%2Feu-handel-mit-digitalen-waffen-kontrollieren&layout=button_count&show_faces=false&action=like&colorscheme=light&width=90&height=21&font=&locale=" title="I Like it" class="service-links-facebook-like" rel="nofollow"><span style="display:none;">Facebook Like</span></a></li> <li class="service-links-printmail last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130513065619/http://www.hrw.org/de/printmail/news/2012/12/11/eu-handel-mit-digitalen-waffen-kontrollieren" title="Send to a friend" class="service-links-printmail" rel="nofollow"><img src="/web/20130513065619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/themes/hrw/images/icons/mail.png" width="21" height="22"/> Email</a></li> </ul></div><div class="fieldgroup group-news-additional"> <div class="content"><div class="field field-type-nodereference field-field-related-content"> <div class="field-label">VERWANDTE ARTIKEL: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="view view-reference-views-formatter view-id-reference_views_formatter view-display-id-reference_field_1 news-related-materials view-dom-id-1"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="item-list"> <ul> <li class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first views-row-last"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/web/20130513065619/http://www.hrw.org/de/news/2012/09/12/konferenz-internet-und-menschenrechte">Konferenz „Internet und Menschenrechte“</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field-created"> <span class="field-content">12. September 2012</span> </div> <div class="views-field-tid"> <span class="field-content">Pressemitteilung</span> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-news-link"> <div class="field-label">Weiterführende Links: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130513065619/http://www.collaboratory.de/w/Schutz_sozialer_Netze_bedarf_neuer_Gesetze">Kenneth Roth: „Schutz sozialer Netze bedarf neuer Gesetze“</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fieldgroup group-pullquote"> <div class="content"><div class="field field-type-text field-field-news-pullquote"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <p>&bdquo;Es ist unverantwortlich bis fahrlässig, wenn Unternehmen leistungsstarke Überwachungstechnologien an Unrechtsregime verkaufen ohne in Betracht zu ziehen, welche Auswirkungen dies auf die Menschenrechtslage hat oder ob die Lieferung der Produkte überhaupt zu verantworten ist. Europäische Regierungen sollten diese Entscheidungen nicht einfach dem privaten Sektor überlassen. Sie müssen handeln und den Handel mit diesen Technologien regulieren.“</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-type-text field-field-news-pullquote-author"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> Cynthia Wong, leitende Researcherin in der Abteilung Internet und Menschenrechte </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="node-body"><p>(Brüssel) – Reporter ohne Grenzen und Human Rights Watch rufen die Europäische Union dazu auf, den Handel mit digitalen Überwachungstechnologien, durch die weltweit Menschenrechte verletzt werden, effektiver zu kontrollieren. Das Europäische Parlament hat dazu heute eine neue Strategie über digitale Freiheit als Teil der gemeinsamen EU-Außenpolitik beschlossen.<br/> <br/> In einem Bericht über die Rolle europäischer Technologie-Exporte hatte Marietje Schaake, Sonderberichterstatterin für Internetfreiheit im Europäischen Parlament, zuvor kritisiert, dass mithilfe europäischer Späh- und Zensurtechnologie weltweit Menschenrechte verletzt werden. Schaake forderte, derartige <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130513065619/http://bit.ly/Vw8U4T"><u>Technologien</u></a> müssten genauso kontrolliert werden &bdquo;wie wir die Qualität von Lebensmitteln und Medikamenten überprüfen oder konventionelle Waffen überwachen.“<br/> <br/> &bdquo;Es ist paradox, wenn europäische Regierungen einerseits betonen, wie wichtig es ist, dass Bürgerjournalisten Nachrichtensperren durchbrechen und unter Einsatz ihres Lebens Informationen aus autoritären Staaten liefern – und europäische Firmen die Machthaber dieser Staaten gleichzeitig mit der Technik versorgen, um Aktivisten zu verfolgen“, sagte Matthias Spielkamp, Vorstandsmitglied von Reporter ohne Grenzen in Berlin.&bdquo;Wir brauchen mehr Transparenz darüber, welche Firmen Zensurtechnik in autoritäre Länder liefern, und wir brauchen Gesetze, die diesen Handel genau regeln.“<br/> <br/> Der unregulierte Handel mit Spähsoftware, mit der autoritäre Machthaber kritische Blogger und Bürgerjournalisten verfolgen, ist eine der größten Bedrohungen für die Meinungsfreiheit und Menschenrechtsarbeit im Internet, so Reporter ohne Grenzen und Human Rights Watch. Europäische Regierungen müssen einen gemeinsamen Ansatz entwickeln, um den Export von Überwachungstechnologien zu regulieren, da ein Großteil dieser Exporte aus der EU stammt. Dass die EU den Export von Überwachungstechnologie nach Syrien und in den Iran verboten hat, ist zwar ein Anfang, reicht jedoch bei weitem nicht aus, so die Organisationen.<br/> <br/> Die digitale Überwachung wird für Journalisten, Blogger, Bürgerjournalisten und Menschenrechtler zu einer immer größeren Bedrohung. Im Jahr 2011 veröffentlichte <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130513065619/http://wikileaks.org/the-spyfiles.html"><u>Wikileaks</u></a> mehrere Hundert Dokumente, aus denen die Vielfalt und Ausgereiftheit der Technologien deutlich wird, die auf internationalen Messen für Überwachungstechnologie angeboten werden. Davon angestoßene Recherchen von <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130513065619/http://topics.bloomberg.com/wired-for-repression/"><u>Bloomberg</u></a>, dem <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130513065619/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702304520804576345970862420038.html"><u>Wall Street Journal</u></a> und Sicherheitsexperten des <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130513065619/https://citizenlab.org/2012/07/from-bahrain-with-love-finfishers-spy-kit-exposed/"><u>Citizen Lab</u></a> ergaben, dass die Technologien, die in Ägypten, Bahrain und Libyen gegen mutmaßliche Dissidenten und Menschenrechtler eingesetzt wurden, häufig von <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130513065619/http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/08/13/elusive-finspy-spyware-pops-up-in-10-countries/"><u>europäischen Anbietern</u></a> stammten. Die gelieferten Programme können sich unbemerkt auf dem Computer einer Zielperson einnisten, etwa durch infizierte Dateianhänge oder vermeintliche Software-Updates.<br/> <br/> Einmal installiert, können Regierungen oder Geheimdienste durch solche Programme auf Festplatten zugreifen, an Passwörter gelangen und sogar den Inhalt verschlüsselter Emails und Chatprotokolle einsehen. Außerdem können nachträglich Dateien auf infizierten Rechnern platziert werden. Einige Anbieter <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130513065619/http://wissen.dradio.de/cyberkriminalitaet-deutsche-software-fuer-aegyptische.33.de.html?dram:article_id=8871"><u>wenden sich gezielt an staatliche Stellen</u></a> wie Geheimdienste und Sicherheitsbehörden, um derartige Technologien anzubieten. Ob Unternehmen bei ihren weltweiten Exporten von Überwachungstechnologie die Menschenrechtspolitik in den Empfängerländern berücksichtigen, ist unklar.<br/>  <br/> &bdquo;Es ist unverantwortlich bis fahrlässig, wenn Unternehmen leistungsstarke Überwachungstechnologien an Unrechtsregime verkaufen ohne in Betracht zu ziehen, welche Auswirkungen dies auf die Menschenrechtslage hat oder ob die Lieferung der Produkte überhaupt zu verantworten ist“, so Cynthia Wong, leitende Researcherin in der Abteilung Internet und Menschenrechte bei Human Rights Watch. &bdquo;Europäische Regierungen sollten diese Entscheidungen nicht einfach dem privaten Sektor überlassen. Sie müssen handeln und den Handel mit diesen Technologien regulieren.“ </p> </div><div class="translation-links"><div class="label">Also available in:</div> <ul class="translation-list"><li class="node_translation_en first last"><a href="/web/20130513065619/http://www.hrw.org/news/2012/12/11/eu-enact-controls-digital-weapons-trade" title="EU: Enact Controls on Digital Weapons Trade" class="translation-link">English</a></li> </ul></div><div class="service-links"><div class="service-label">Share </div><ul class="links"><li class="service-links-facebook first"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130513065619/http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fde%2Fnews%2F2012%2F12%2F11%2Feu-handel-mit-digitalen-waffen-kontrollieren&t=EU%3A+Handel+mit+digitalen+Waffen+kontrollieren" title="Share on Facebook." class="service-links-facebook" rel="nofollow"><img src="/web/20130513065619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/service_links/images/facebook.png" 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