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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Initial_stages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Initial stages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Initial_stages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Inspectorate_of_Air_Forces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inspectorate_of_Air_Forces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Inspectorate of Air Forces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inspectorate_of_Air_Forces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air_Force_Command" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air_Force_Command"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Air Force Command</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air_Force_Command-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turkish_Air_Force_and_NATO" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turkish_Air_Force_and_NATO"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Turkish Air Force and NATO</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turkish_Air_Force_and_NATO-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Equipment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Equipment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Equipment</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Equipment-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Equipment subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Equipment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fighter_and_reconnaissance_aircraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fighter_and_reconnaissance_aircraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Fighter and reconnaissance aircraft</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fighter_and_reconnaissance_aircraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Airborne_early_warning_and_control_(AEW&C)_aircraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airborne_early_warning_and_control_(AEW&C)_aircraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) aircraft</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airborne_early_warning_and_control_(AEW&C)_aircraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aerial_refueling_tanker_aircraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aerial_refueling_tanker_aircraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Aerial refueling tanker aircraft</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aerial_refueling_tanker_aircraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_transport_aircraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_transport_aircraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Military transport aircraft</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_transport_aircraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unmanned_aerial_vehicles_(UAVs)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unmanned_aerial_vehicles_(UAVs)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unmanned_aerial_vehicles_(UAVs)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Satellites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Satellites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Satellites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Satellites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Structure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Structure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Structure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chief_of_Staff_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chief_of_Staff_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Chief of Staff of the Turkish Air Force</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chief_of_Staff_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Combatant_Air_Force" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Combatant_Air_Force"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Combatant Air Force</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Combatant_Air_Force-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air_Defense_Command" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air_Defense_Command"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Air Defense Command</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air_Defense_Command-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air_Logistics_Command" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air_Logistics_Command"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Air Logistics Command</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air_Logistics_Command-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air_Training_Command" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air_Training_Command"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Air Training Command</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air_Training_Command-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geographic_locations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geographic_locations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Geographic locations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geographic_locations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Squadrons" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Squadrons"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Squadrons</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Squadrons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Insignia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Insignia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Insignia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Insignia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Future" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Future"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Future</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Future-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Future subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Future-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Airbus_A330_MRTT" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airbus_A330_MRTT"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Airbus A330 MRTT</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airbus_A330_MRTT-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eurofighter_Typhoon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eurofighter_Typhoon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Eurofighter Typhoon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eurofighter_Typhoon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Project_MIUS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Project_MIUS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Project MIUS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Project_MIUS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-TAI_Hürjet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#TAI_Hürjet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>TAI Hürjet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-TAI_Hürjet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-TAI_TF_Kaan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#TAI_TF_Kaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>TAI TF Kaan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-TAI_TF_Kaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Turkish Air Force</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 31 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkse_Lugmag" title="Turkse Lugmag – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Turkse Lugmag" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="القوات الجوية التركية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="القوات الجوية التركية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrkiy%C9%99_H%C9%99rbi_Hava_Q%C3%BCvv%C9%99l%C9%99ri" title="Türkiyə Hərbi Hava Qüvvələri – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Türkiyə Hərbi Hava Qüvvələri" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7_%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="تورکیه هاوا گوجلری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="تورکیه هاوا گوجلری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Военновъздушни сили на Турция – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Военновъздушни сили на Турция" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tureck%C3%A9_letectvo" title="Turecké letectvo – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Turecké letectvo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrkische_Luftstreitkr%C3%A4fte" title="Türkische Luftstreitkräfte – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Türkische Luftstreitkräfte" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%91%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Τουρκική Πολεμική Αεροπορία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τουρκική Πολεμική Αεροπορία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuerza_A%C3%A9rea_Turca" title="Fuerza Aérea Turca – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fuerza Aérea Turca" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%87" title="نیروی هوایی ترکیه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیروی هوایی ترکیه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arm%C3%A9e_de_l%27air_turque" title="Armée de l'air turque – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Armée de l'air turque" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forza_A%C3%A9rea_de_Turqu%C3%ADa" title="Forza Aérea de Turquía – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Forza Aérea de Turquía" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8A%80%EB%A5%B4%ED%82%A4%EC%98%88_%EA%B3%B5%EA%B5%B0" title="튀르키예 공군 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="튀르키예 공군" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D6%84%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%BC%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%85%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AA%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Թուրքիայի ռազմաօդային ուժեր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թուրքիայի ռազմաօդային ուժեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angkatan_Udara_Turki" title="Angkatan Udara Turki – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Angkatan Udara Turki" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk_Hava_Kuvvetleri" title="Türk Hava Kuvvetleri – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Türk Hava Kuvvetleri" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%99" title="חיל האוויר הטורקי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חיל האוויר הטורקי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turcijas_Gaisa_sp%C4%93ki" title="Turcijas Gaisa spēki – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Turcijas Gaisa spēki" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a 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dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Air forces of the Turkish military</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Turkish Air Force</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Türk Hava Kuvvetleri</i></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c1/Seal_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force.svg/210px-Seal_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="210" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c1/Seal_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force.svg/315px-Seal_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c1/Seal_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force.svg/420px-Seal_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="285" data-file-height="351" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Emblem of the Turkish Air Force</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>1 June 1911</li><li>(113 years, 5 months)</li></ul></div><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /></li> <li>23 April 1920 <small>(Turkish Air Force)</small><sup id="cite_ref-1918-1923_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1918-1923-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>31 January 1944 <small>(Turkish Air Force Command, <a href="/wiki/Corps" title="Corps">corps</a> scale) </small><sup id="cite_ref-1944-1980_TR_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1944-1980_TR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1 July 1949 <small>(Turkish Air Force Command, <a href="/wiki/Army" title="Army">army</a> scale) </small><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Air_force" title="Air force">Air force</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Space_force" title="Space force">Space force</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Role</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Aerial_warfare" title="Aerial warfare">Aerial warfare</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Space_warfare" title="Space warfare">Space warfare</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">34,600 personnel (2024)<br />607 aircraft<br />3 satellites</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="Turkish Armed Forces">Turkish Armed Forces</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ankaya_District" title="Çankaya District">Çankaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Colours</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#8e8e8e; color:black;"> </span> Grey</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFFF; color:black;"> </span> White</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#1F305E; color:white;"> </span> Delft Blue</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">March</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Air_Force_March_(song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish Air Force March (song)">Turkish Air Force March</a> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/transcoded\/b\/b5\/Turkish_Air_Force_March%2C_August_2013.ogg\/Turkish_Air_Force_March%2C_August_2013.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"Play"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Turkish Air Force March, August 2013.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/transcoded/b/b5/Turkish_Air_Force_March%2C_August_2013.ogg/Turkish_Air_Force_March%2C_August_2013.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">Play</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkish_Air_Force_March,_August_2013.ogg" title="File:Turkish Air Force March, August 2013.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Mascot(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Eagle" title="Eagle">Eagle</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Anniversaries</th><td class="infobox-data">1 June<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Engagements</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;"><div><i>See list</i></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_War_of_Independence" title="Turkish War of Independence">War of Independence</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Beytussebab_rebellion" title="Beytussebab rebellion">Beytussebab rebellion</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ararat_rebellion" title="Ararat rebellion">Ararat rebellion</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Dersim_rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Dersim rebellion">Dersim rebellion</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tillyria" title="Battle of Tillyria">Battle of Tillyria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_invasion_of_Cyprus" title="Turkish invasion of Cyprus">Invasion of Cyprus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish%E2%80%93Turkish_conflict" title="Kurdish–Turkish conflict">Operations against the PKK</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Provide_Comfort" title="Operation Provide Comfort">Operation Provide Comfort</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Deliberate_Force" title="Operation Deliberate Force">Operation Deliberate Force</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Northern_Watch" title="Operation Northern Watch">Operation Northern Watch</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Allied_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Allied Force">Operation Allied Force</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom" title="Operation Enduring Freedom">Operation Enduring Freedom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Sun#Winter_bombing_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Sun">Operation Northern Iraq</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Sun" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Sun">Operation Sun</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/August_2011_Turkey%E2%80%93Iraq_cross-border_raids" title="August 2011 Turkey–Iraq cross-border raids">Cross-border raids in Iraq</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Martyr_Yal%C3%A7%C4%B1n" title="Operation Martyr Yalçın">Operation Martyr Yalçın</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Turkey%E2%80%93ISIL_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkey–ISIL conflict">Turkey–ISIL conflict</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Euphrates_Shield" title="Operation Euphrates Shield">Operation Euphrates Shield</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Olive_Branch" title="Operation Olive Branch">Operation Olive Branch</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2019_Turkish_offensive_into_north-eastern_Syria" title="2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria">Operation Peace Spring</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_military_intervention_in_the_Second_Libyan_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish military intervention in the Second Libyan Civil War">Turkish intervention in Libya</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Spring_Shield" title="Operation Spring Shield">Operation Spring Shield</a></li></ul></div> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hvkk.tsk.tr">www<wbr />.hvkk<wbr />.tsk<wbr />.tr</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1983085#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Commander-in-chief#Turkey" title="Commander-in-chief">Commander-in-Chief</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/President_of_Turkey" title="President of Turkey">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan" title="Recep Tayyip Erdoğan">Recep Tayyip Erdoğan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Defense_(Turkey)" title="Ministry of National Defense (Turkey)">Minister of Defence</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ya%C5%9Far_G%C3%BCler" title="Yaşar Güler">Yaşar Güler</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/General_Staff_of_the_Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="General Staff of the Turkish Armed Forces">Chief of the General Staff</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/General" class="mw-redirect" title="General">General</a> <a href="/wiki/Metin_G%C3%BCrak" title="Metin Gürak">Metin Gürak</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Commanders_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Commanders of the Turkish Air Force">Air Force Commander</a></th><td class="infobox-data">General <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ziya_Cemal_Kad%C4%B1o%C4%9Flu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ziya Cemal Kadıoğlu (page does not exist)">Ziya Cemal Kadıoğlu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Chief of Air Staff</th><td class="infobox-data">Lieutenant General <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rafet_Dalk%C4%B1ran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rafet Dalkıran (page does not exist)">Rafet Dalkıran</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Insignia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Military_aircraft_insignia" title="Military aircraft insignia">Roundel</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_Turkey.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Roundel_of_Turkey.svg/80px-Roundel_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Roundel_of_Turkey.svg/120px-Roundel_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Roundel_of_Turkey.svg/160px-Roundel_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="602" data-file-height="602" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_Turkey_%E2%80%93_Low_Visibility.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Roundel_of_Turkey_%E2%80%93_Low_Visibility.svg/80px-Roundel_of_Turkey_%E2%80%93_Low_Visibility.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Roundel_of_Turkey_%E2%80%93_Low_Visibility.svg/120px-Roundel_of_Turkey_%E2%80%93_Low_Visibility.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Roundel_of_Turkey_%E2%80%93_Low_Visibility.svg/160px-Roundel_of_Turkey_%E2%80%93_Low_Visibility.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Fin_flash" class="mw-redirect" title="Fin flash">Fin flash</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Turkey.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/80px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/120px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/160px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Flag of Turkish Air Force Command</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Turkish_Air_Force_Command.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Turkish_Air_Force_Command.svg/100px-Flag_of_Turkish_Air_Force_Command.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Turkish_Air_Force_Command.svg/150px-Flag_of_Turkish_Air_Force_Command.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Turkish_Air_Force_Command.svg/200px-Flag_of_Turkish_Air_Force_Command.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Aviator_badge" title="Aviator badge">Aviator badge</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ribbon_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Ribbon_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force.svg/160px-Ribbon_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="160" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Ribbon_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force.svg/240px-Ribbon_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Ribbon_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force.svg/320px-Ribbon_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="534" data-file-height="120" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Aircraft flown</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Attack_aircraft" title="Attack aircraft">Attack</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Baykar_Bayraktar_Ak%C4%B1nc%C4%B1" title="Baykar Bayraktar Akıncı">Akıncı</a>, <a href="/wiki/TAI_Aksungur" title="TAI Aksungur">Aksungur</a>, <a href="/wiki/TAI_Anka" title="TAI Anka">Anka-S</a>, <a href="/wiki/IAI_Harpy" title="IAI Harpy">IAI Harpy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Bomber" title="Bomber">Bomber</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_F-4_Phantom_II" title="McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II">F-4E</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Electronic_warfare" title="Electronic warfare">Electronic<br />warfare</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ATR_72" title="ATR 72">ATR 72</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boeing_737_AEW%26C" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeing 737 AEW&C">B-737</a>, <a href="/wiki/CASA/IPTN_CN-235" title="CASA/IPTN CN-235">CASA CN-235</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Fighter_aircraft" title="Fighter aircraft">Fighter</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/F-16_Fighting_Falcon" class="mw-redirect" title="F-16 Fighting Falcon">F-16C/D</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Helicopter" title="Helicopter">Helicopter</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/TAI/AgustaWestland_T129_ATAK" title="TAI/AgustaWestland T129 ATAK">TAI T-129</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS532_Cougar" title="Eurocopter AS532 Cougar">Eurocopter Cougar</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Trainer_helicopter" class="mw-redirect" title="Trainer helicopter">Trainer helicopter</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bell_UH-1_Iroquois" title="Bell UH-1 Iroquois">UH-1H</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Surveillance_aircraft" title="Surveillance aircraft">Reconnaissance</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/TAI_Bayku%C5%9F" title="TAI Baykuş">Baykuş</a>, <a href="/wiki/TAI_G%C3%B6zc%C3%BC" title="TAI Gözcü">Gözcü</a>, <a href="/wiki/IAI_Heron" title="IAI Heron">Heron</a>, <a href="/wiki/TAI_Pelikan" title="TAI Pelikan">IHA-X2</a>, <a href="/wiki/TAI_Keklik" title="TAI Keklik">Keklik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malazgirt_UAV" class="mw-redirect" title="Malazgirt UAV">Malazgirt</a>, <a href="/wiki/TAI_Mart%C4%B1" title="TAI Martı">Martı</a>, <a href="/wiki/TAI_%C5%9Eim%C5%9Fek" title="TAI Şimşek">Şimşek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bayraktar_Tactical_UAS" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayraktar Tactical UAS">TB1</a>, <a href="/wiki/TAI_Turna" title="TAI Turna">Turna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vestel_Karayel" title="Vestel Karayel">Vestel Karayel</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Trainer_(aircraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trainer (aircraft)">Trainer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-5" title="Northrop F-5">F-5F</a>, <a href="/wiki/TAI_H%C3%BCrku%C5%9F" title="TAI Hürkuş">Hürkuş</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alenia_Aermacchi_SF-260" class="mw-redirect" title="Alenia Aermacchi SF-260">SF-260</a>, <a href="/wiki/T-38_Talon" class="mw-redirect" title="T-38 Talon">T-38</a>, <a href="/wiki/KAI_KT-1" class="mw-redirect" title="KAI KT-1">KT-1</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Cargo_aircraft" title="Cargo aircraft">Transport</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Airbus_A400M" class="mw-redirect" title="Airbus A400M">A400M</a>, <a href="/wiki/C-130_Hercules" class="mw-redirect" title="C-130 Hercules">C-130</a>, <a href="/wiki/C-160_Transall" class="mw-redirect" title="C-160 Transall">C-160</a>, <a href="/wiki/CH-47" class="mw-redirect" title="CH-47">CH-47</a>, <a href="/wiki/CN-235" class="mw-redirect" title="CN-235">CN-235</a>, <a href="/wiki/KC-135_Stratotanker" class="mw-redirect" title="KC-135 Stratotanker">KC-135</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Aerial_refueling" title="Aerial refueling">Tanker</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Boeing_KC-135_Stratotanker" title="Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker">Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker</a></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks plainlist"><caption class="sidebar-outer-title"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Turkish Air Force</a></caption><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Turkish_Air_Force_Command.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Turkish_Air_Force_Command.svg/75px-Flag_of_Turkish_Air_Force_Command.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Turkish_Air_Force_Command.svg/113px-Flag_of_Turkish_Air_Force_Command.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Turkish_Air_Force_Command.svg/150px-Flag_of_Turkish_Air_Force_Command.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background: #b61b25; color:white;"> Components</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Formation_and_structure">Formations & Structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Turkey" title="Military ranks of Turkey">Rank insignia</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background: #b61b25; color:white;"> History</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#History">History of the Air Force</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background: #b61b25; color:white;"> Special Forces</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Search_and_Rescue" title="Air Force Search and Rescue">Air Force CSAR</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background: #b61b25; color:white;"> Equipment</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_aircraft_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="List of active aircraft of the Turkish Air Force">Active aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_weapons_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force" title="List of active weapons of the Turkish Air Force">Active weapons</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Turkish_Air_Force" title="Template:Turkish Air Force"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Turkish_Air_Force" title="Template talk:Turkish Air Force"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Turkish_Air_Force" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Turkish Air Force"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks plainlist"><caption class="sidebar-outer-title"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="Turkish Armed Forces">Turkish Armed Forces</a></caption><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Standard_of_General_staff_of_Turkish_Armed_Forces.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Standard_of_General_staff_of_Turkish_Armed_Forces.svg/75px-Standard_of_General_staff_of_Turkish_Armed_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Standard_of_General_staff_of_Turkish_Armed_Forces.svg/113px-Standard_of_General_staff_of_Turkish_Armed_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Standard_of_General_staff_of_Turkish_Armed_Forces.svg/150px-Standard_of_General_staff_of_Turkish_Armed_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background: #b61b25; color:white;"> Leadership</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Turkey" title="President of Turkey">President (Commander-in-Chief)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Defence_(Turkey)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of National Defence (Turkey)">Minister of National Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Staff_of_the_Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="General Staff of the Turkish Armed Forces">Chief of the General Staff</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background: #b61b25; color:white;"> Branches</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Land_Forces" title="Turkish Land Forces">Land Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Naval_Forces" title="Turkish Naval Forces">Naval Forces</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Air Force</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background: #b61b25; color:white;"> History</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_Republic_of_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Military history of the Republic of Turkey">Military history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Turkey" title="Military ranks of Turkey">Rank insignia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_equipment_of_Turkey" title="Military equipment of Turkey">General equipment</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background: #b61b25; color:white;"> Special Forces</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_Forces_Command_(Turkey)" title="Special Forces Command (Turkey)">ÖKK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwater_Offence_(Turkish_Armed_Forces)" title="Underwater Offence (Turkish Armed Forces)">SAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwater_Defence_(Turkish_Armed_Forces)" title="Underwater Defence (Turkish Armed Forces)">SAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Search_and_Rescue" title="Air Force Search and Rescue">Air Force CSAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwater_Search_and_Rescue_Group_Command_(Turkey)" title="Underwater Search and Rescue Group Command (Turkey)">Navy CSAR</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background: #b61b25; color:white;"> Member of</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allied_Joint_Force_Command_Naples" title="Allied Joint Force Command Naples">AFSOUTH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Naval_Force" title="Black Sea Naval Force">BLACKSEAFOR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EU_Battlegroup" title="EU Battlegroup">EUBG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocorps" title="Eurocorps">EUROCORPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Maritime_Force" title="European Maritime Force">EUROMARFOR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_Land_Command" title="Allied Land Command">LANDCOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_Land_Forces_South-Eastern_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Allied Land Forces South-Eastern Europe">LANDSOUTHEAST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Headquarters_Allied_Powers_Europe" title="Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe">SHAPE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_NATO_Maritime_Group_2" title="Standing NATO Maritime Group 2">SNMG2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_NATO_Mine_Countermeasures_Group_2" title="Standing NATO Mine Countermeasures Group 2">SNMCMG2</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background: #b61b25; color:white;"> Current foreign deployments and missions</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Althea" title="Operation Althea">ALTHEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_Turkish_Peace_Force_Command" title="Cyprus Turkish Peace Force Command">Turkish Forces in Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Force" title="Kosovo Force">KFOR in Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Interim_Force_in_Lebanon" title="United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon">UNIFL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Interim_Administration_Mission_in_Kosovo" title="United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo">UNMIK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_occupation_of_northern_Syria" title="Turkish occupation of northern Syria">Occupation of Northern Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camp_TURKSOM" title="Camp TURKSOM">Task Force "African Eagle," Mogadishu</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="Template:Turkish Armed Forces"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="Template talk:Turkish Armed Forces"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Turkish Armed Forces"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Turkish Air Force</b> (<a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>: <i lang="tr"><span style="padding-right:0.15em;">Türk Hava Kuvvetleri</span></i>) is the <a href="/wiki/Air_force" title="Air force">air</a> and <a href="/wiki/Space_force" title="Space force">space force</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="Turkish Armed Forces">Turkish Armed Forces</a>. It traces its origins to 1 June 1911 when it was founded as the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Aviation_Squadrons" title="Ottoman Aviation Squadrons">Aviation Squadrons</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was composed of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Aviation_Squadrons#Structure_and_organization" title="Ottoman Aviation Squadrons">Army Aviation Squadrons</a> founded in 1911, and the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Aviation_Squadrons#Structure_and_organization" title="Ottoman Aviation Squadrons">Naval Aviation Squadrons</a> founded in 1914 which used <a href="/wiki/Seaplanes" class="mw-redirect" title="Seaplanes">seaplanes</a>. The Air Force as a branch of the Turkish Armed Forces was founded by the <a href="/wiki/Grand_National_Assembly_of_Turkey" title="Grand National Assembly of Turkey">Grand National Assembly of Turkey</a> on 23 April 1920.<sup id="cite_ref-1918-1923_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1918-1923-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1998, the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="Turkish Armed Forces">Turkish Armed Forces</a> announced a program of modernization worth US$160 billion over a twenty-year period in various projects,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with $45 billion earmarked for the overhaul of the Turkish Air Force, and included the commissioning new combat aircraft (consisting of multi-role and fifth generation stealth fighters) and helicopters (consisting of heavy lift, attack, medium lift and light general purpose helicopters).<sup id="cite_ref-habermonitor.com_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-habermonitor.com-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2023<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, according to <a href="/wiki/International_Institute_for_Strategic_Studies" title="International Institute for Strategic Studies">International Institute for Strategic Studies</a>, the Turkish Air Force has an active strength of 50,000 military personnel and operates approximately 295 manned fixed-wing aircraft, 35 helicopters, and 52 <a href="/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle" title="Unmanned aerial vehicle">unmanned aerial vehicles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-IISS1_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 143–144">: 143–144 </span></sup> In terms of aircraft quantity, it is the largest air force in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-IISS1_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 51">: 51 </span></sup> The world's first black pilot, <a href="/wiki/Ahmet_Ali_%C3%87elikten" title="Ahmet Ali Çelikten">Ahmet Ali Çelikten</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the world's first female fighter pilot, <a href="/wiki/Sabiha_G%C3%B6k%C3%A7en" title="Sabiha Gökçen">Sabiha Gökçen</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-First_Female_Combat_Pilot_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-First_Female_Combat_Pilot-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the first female jet pilot accredited in the <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> is <a href="/wiki/Leman_Alt%C4%B1n%C3%A7eki%C3%A7" title="Leman Altınçekiç">Leman Altınçekiç</a>, they served in the Turkish Air Force.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Initial_stages">Initial stages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Initial stages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Aviation_Squadrons" title="Ottoman Aviation Squadrons">Ottoman Aviation Squadrons</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkish_pilots_in_1912.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Turkish_pilots_in_1912.jpg/230px-Turkish_pilots_in_1912.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Turkish_pilots_in_1912.jpg/345px-Turkish_pilots_in_1912.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Turkish_pilots_in_1912.jpg/460px-Turkish_pilots_in_1912.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><small>Turkish fighter pilots during the <a href="/wiki/Balkan_Wars" title="Balkan Wars">Balkan Wars</a> (1912)</small></figcaption></figure><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gallipoli_15th_Fighter_Flight_Squadron.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Gallipoli_15th_Fighter_Flight_Squadron.jpg/230px-Gallipoli_15th_Fighter_Flight_Squadron.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Gallipoli_15th_Fighter_Flight_Squadron.jpg/345px-Gallipoli_15th_Fighter_Flight_Squadron.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Gallipoli_15th_Fighter_Flight_Squadron.jpg/460px-Gallipoli_15th_Fighter_Flight_Squadron.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><small>Turkish fighter pilots in front of the <a href="/wiki/Halberstadt_D.II" title="Halberstadt D.II">Halberstadt D.II</a> fighter plane belonging to the 15th Fighter Battalion during the <a href="/wiki/Gallipoli_campaign" title="Gallipoli campaign">Battle of Gallipoli</a> (1915)</small></figcaption></figure> <p>The history of <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_military" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman military">Ottoman military</a> aviation dates back to between 20 June 1909<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 1 July 1911.<sup id="cite_ref-OlsonR_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OlsonR-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1911 the former commander of the <a href="/wiki/Action_Army" title="Action Army">Action Army</a> <a href="/wiki/Mahmud_Shevket_Pasha" title="Mahmud Shevket Pasha">Mahmud Sevket Pasa</a> achieved to send some Turkish military officers to the French <a href="/wiki/Louis_Bl%C3%A9riot" title="Louis Blériot">Bleriot</a> aviation school.<sup id="cite_ref-OlsonR_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OlsonR-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 74">: 74 </span></sup> The same year the establishment of a Turkish airforce was taken into consideration. During the <a href="/wiki/Italo-Turkish_War" title="Italo-Turkish War">Italo-Turkish War</a> of 1911, the Ottomans had to admit their disadvantage of not possessing an air force.<sup id="cite_ref-OlsonR_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OlsonR-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 74–75">: 74–75 </span></sup> Subsequently, the Ottomans employed German and French engineers who helped them to establish an air force with a dozen airplanes.<sup id="cite_ref-OlsonR_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OlsonR-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 75">: 75 </span></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Aviation_Squadrons" title="Ottoman Aviation Squadrons">Ottoman Aviation Squadrons</a> participated in the <a href="/wiki/Balkan_Wars" title="Balkan Wars">Balkan Wars</a> (1912–1913) and <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> (1914–1918).<sup id="cite_ref-1918-1923_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1918-1923-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fleet size reached its apex in December 1916, when the Ottoman Aviation Squadrons had 90 active combat aircraft. Some early help for the Ottoman Aviation Squadrons came from the <a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">Imperial German</a> <a href="/wiki/Luftstreitkr%C3%A4fte" title="Luftstreitkräfte"><i>Fliegertruppe</i></a> (known by that name before October 1916), with future <a href="/wiki/Central_Powers" title="Central Powers">Central Powers</a> 13-victory <a href="/wiki/Flying_ace" title="Flying ace">flying ace</a> <a href="/wiki/Hans-Joachim_Buddecke" title="Hans-Joachim Buddecke">Hans-Joachim Buddecke</a> flying with the Turks early in World War I as just one example.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The General Inspectorate of Air Forces (<i>Kuva-yı Havaiye Müfettiş-i Umumiliği</i>) By July 1918, the Aviation Squadrons were reorganized as the General Inspectorate of Air Forces.<sup id="cite_ref-1918-1923_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1918-1923-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Mudros" title="Armistice of Mudros">Armistice of Mudros</a> and the occupation of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_I" title="Allies of World War I">Allies</a> in 1919, some Turkish aviators tried to build new units in <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0zmir" title="İzmir">İzmir</a>, Konya, <a href="/wiki/Elaz%C4%B1%C4%9F" title="Elazığ">Elazığ</a> and <a href="/wiki/Diyarbak%C4%B1r" title="Diyarbakır">Diyarbakır</a> with planes left over from World War I and tried to bring together flight personnel.<sup id="cite_ref-1918-1923_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1918-1923-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_War_of_Independence" title="Turkish War of Independence">Turkish War of Independence</a>, Turkish pilots joined the <a href="/wiki/Konya" title="Konya">Konya</a> Air Station (<i>Konya Hava İstasyonu</i>). With the formation of the <a href="/wiki/Grand_National_Assembly_of_Turkey" title="Grand National Assembly of Turkey">Grand National Assembly</a> (GNA) by <a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Kemal_Atat%C3%BCrk" title="Mustafa Kemal Atatürk">Mustafa Kemal</a> and his colleagues on 23 April 1920, in Ankara, and the reorganization of the army, the Branch of Air Forces (<i>Kuva-yı Havaiye Şubesi</i>) was established under the Office of War (<i>Harbiye Dairesi</i>) of the GNA.<sup id="cite_ref-1918-1923_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1918-1923-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A few damaged aircraft belonging to the GNA were repaired, and afterwards used in combat.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In July 1922, it was reorganized as the Inspectorate of Air Forces (<i>Kuva-yı Havaiye Müfettişliği</i>) at Konya.<sup id="cite_ref-1918-1923_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1918-1923-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inspectorate_of_Air_Forces">Inspectorate of Air Forces</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Inspectorate of Air Forces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sabiha_gokcen3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Sabiha_gokcen3.jpg/170px-Sabiha_gokcen3.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Sabiha_gokcen3.jpg/255px-Sabiha_gokcen3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Sabiha_gokcen3.jpg/340px-Sabiha_gokcen3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="835" data-file-height="1226" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sabiha_G%C3%B6k%C3%A7en" title="Sabiha Gökçen">Sabiha Gökçen</a> became the world's first female <a href="/wiki/Fighter_pilot" title="Fighter pilot">fighter pilot</a> in 1937, <a href="/wiki/Istanbul_Sabiha_G%C3%B6k%C3%A7en_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Istanbul Sabiha Gökçen International Airport">Istanbul Sabiha Gökçen International Airport</a> is named after her</figcaption></figure> <p>After the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Republic of Turkey</a> on 29 October 1923, plans were made to form a modern air force. Originally consisting of three normal and one naval aviation units, and an air school, the number of units was increased to 10 normal and three naval aviation units.<sup id="cite_ref-1923-1944_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1923-1944-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Starting in 1924, personnel were sent abroad for flight education.<sup id="cite_ref-1923-1944_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1923-1944-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1925, the Air School was re-established in <a href="/wiki/Eski%C5%9Fehir" title="Eskişehir">Eskişehir</a> and its first students graduated that same year.<sup id="cite_ref-1923-1944_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1923-1944-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the same year, the Air Force was deployed to take part in a campaign aimed to suppress the <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Said_rebellion" title="Sheikh Said rebellion">Sheikh Said rebellion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Inspectorate of Air Forces was reorganized as the Undersecretariat of the Ministry of Defense in 1928 and new schools were found for non-pilot personnel.<sup id="cite_ref-1923-1944_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1923-1944-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some personnel were sent to the United Kingdom and France for training; others were sent to the United States and Italy in 1930.<sup id="cite_ref-1923-1944_22-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1923-1944-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1932, the air regiments were considered to be a separate combat arm and started training its own personnel.<sup id="cite_ref-1923-1944_22-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1923-1944-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Turkish aviators wore blue uniforms from 1933.<sup id="cite_ref-1923-1944_22-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1923-1944-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Air_Force_Academy" title="Turkish Air Force Academy">Air War College</a> (<i>Hava Harp Akademisi</i>) was established in 1937.<sup id="cite_ref-1923-1944_22-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1923-1944-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air_Force_Command">Air Force Command</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Air Force Command"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By 1940, Turkish air brigades had more than 500 combat aircraft in its inventory, becoming the largest air force in the <a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkans</a> and the Middle East.<sup id="cite_ref-1923-1944_22-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1923-1944-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The growing inventory of air brigades required another structural change, which was made in 1940.<sup id="cite_ref-1923-1944_22-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1923-1944-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Air Undersecretariat under the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Defence_(Turkey)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of National Defence (Turkey)">Ministry of National Defense</a> for logistical affairs and the General Staff for educational affairs were united to form the Air Force Command (<i>Hava Kuvvetleri Komutanlığı</i>) in 1944.<sup id="cite_ref-1923-1944_22-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1923-1944-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus, the Air Force became a separate branch of the Turkish Armed Forces.<sup id="cite_ref-1944-Today_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1944-Today-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first <a href="/wiki/List_of_Commanders_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Commanders of the Turkish Air Force">Commander of the Turkish Air Force</a> was General Zeki Doğan.<sup id="cite_ref-1944-Today_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1944-Today-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Turkey did not enter World War II on the side of the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allies</a> until February 1945. However, the Turkish Armed Forces went on full alert and were prepared for war following the military alliance between neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Axis_Powers_of_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Axis Powers of World War II">Axis Powers</a> which was formalized in March 1941, and the occupation of neighbouring Greece by the Axis Powers in April 1941. Within a year, Turkey's borders were surrounded by German forces in the northwest and west, and Italian forces in the southwest. The Turkish Air Force made daily reconnaissance flights over Bulgaria, Greece, the Greek Islands in the <a href="/wiki/Aegean_Sea" title="Aegean Sea">Aegean Sea</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Dodecanese_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Dodecanese Islands">Dodecanese Islands</a> which then belonged to Italy, to monitor the positions of the Axis forces. The large cities in western Turkey were darkened at nights, and anti-aircraft guns and searchlights were deployed for defence against possible enemy planes. Almost all available money in the Turkish Government Treasury was used to purchase new weapons from any available provider in the world. The Turkish Air Force received large numbers of new aircraft in this period, including <a href="/wiki/Supermarine_Spitfire" title="Supermarine Spitfire">Supermarine Spitfire</a> Mk.I/V/IX/XIX, <a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CW-22" title="Curtiss-Wright CW-22">Curtiss Falcon CW-22R/B</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fairey_Battle" title="Fairey Battle">Fairey Battle</a>-I, <a href="/wiki/Avro_Anson" title="Avro Anson">Avro Anson</a>-I, <a href="/wiki/Hawker_Hurricane" title="Hawker Hurricane">Hawker Hurricane</a> I/II, <a href="/wiki/Morane-Saulnier_M.S.406" title="Morane-Saulnier M.S.406">Morane-Saulnier M.S.406</a>, <a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-40_Warhawk" title="Curtiss P-40 Warhawk">Curtiss P-40 Tomahawk</a>, Curtiss P-40 Kittyhawk, <a href="/wiki/Westland_Lysander" title="Westland Lysander">Westland Lysander</a>-I, <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_B-24_Liberator" title="Consolidated B-24 Liberator">Consolidated B-24D Liberator B-24</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Blenheim" title="Bristol Blenheim">Bristol Blenheim</a> IV/V, <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Beaufort" title="Bristol Beaufort">Bristol Beaufort</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Beaufighter" title="Bristol Beaufighter">Bristol Beaufighter</a> Mk.I/X, <a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_190" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 190">Focke-Wulf Fw 190</a>-A3, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Baltimore" title="Martin Baltimore">Martin 187 Baltimore</a>, <a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_DH.98_Mosquito" class="mw-redirect" title="De Havilland DH.98 Mosquito">De Havilland DH.98 Mosquito</a> Mk.III/IV, <a href="/wiki/Douglas_A-26_Invader" title="Douglas A-26 Invader">Douglas B-26B/C Invader</a>, <a href="/wiki/P-47D_Thunderbolt" class="mw-redirect" title="P-47D Thunderbolt">P-47D Thunderbolt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-47_Skytrain" title="Douglas C-47 Skytrain">Douglas C-47A/B Dakota</a>. </p><p>The Air Machinist School (<i>Hava Makinist Okulu</i>) was reorganized as Aircraft Maintenance School (<i>Hava Uçak Bakım Okulu</i>) on 2 January 1950<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to unite schools responsible for training non-pilot Air Force personnel.<sup id="cite_ref-1944-Today_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1944-Today-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1950 it also was decided to upgrade the Air Force fleet through the inclusion of jets.<sup id="cite_ref-1944-Today_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1944-Today-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eight pilots were sent to the United States for jet pilot training.<sup id="cite_ref-1944-Today_24-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1944-Today-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They graduated in 1951 and started training jet pilots in the Turkish Air Force.<sup id="cite_ref-1944-Today_24-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1944-Today-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the same year, the 9th Fighter Wing (9’uncu Ana Jet Üssü) was founded in Balıkesir as Turkey's first fighter wing; the 191st, 192nd, and 193rd squadrons being the first ones which were established.<sup id="cite_ref-1944-Today_24-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1944-Today-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further training in the United States followed, usually involving jet manufacturers. In 1951 the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Air_Force_Academy" title="Turkish Air Force Academy">Air Force Academy</a> was formed with integrating some air schools in <a href="/wiki/Eski%C5%9Fehir" title="Eskişehir">Eskişehir</a> and its first academic year started on 1 October 1951.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1956 the <i>Hava Eğitim Kolordu Komutanlığı</i> (Air Education Corps Command) was founded and all education was united under this command. The command was renamed as <i>Hava Eğitim Komutanlığı</i> (Air Education Command) in 1957.<sup id="cite_ref-1944-Today_24-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1944-Today-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkish_Paratroopers_Parachuting_into_Kyrenia,_Cyprus_(20.07.1974,_Peace_Operation).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Turkish_Paratroopers_Parachuting_into_Kyrenia%2C_Cyprus_%2820.07.1974%2C_Peace_Operation%29.jpg/220px-Turkish_Paratroopers_Parachuting_into_Kyrenia%2C_Cyprus_%2820.07.1974%2C_Peace_Operation%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="338" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Turkish_Paratroopers_Parachuting_into_Kyrenia%2C_Cyprus_%2820.07.1974%2C_Peace_Operation%29.jpg/330px-Turkish_Paratroopers_Parachuting_into_Kyrenia%2C_Cyprus_%2820.07.1974%2C_Peace_Operation%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Turkish_Paratroopers_Parachuting_into_Kyrenia%2C_Cyprus_%2820.07.1974%2C_Peace_Operation%29.jpg/440px-Turkish_Paratroopers_Parachuting_into_Kyrenia%2C_Cyprus_%2820.07.1974%2C_Peace_Operation%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="736" data-file-height="1131" /></a><figcaption><small>Turkish <a href="/wiki/Paratrooper" title="Paratrooper">paratroopers</a> jump from military transport aircraft during the air landing operation off the coast of <a href="/wiki/Kyrenia" title="Kyrenia">Kyrenia</a> in the initial part of the Cyprus Operation (July 20, 1974)</small></figcaption></figure> <p>Upon Turkey's membership to <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> in 1952, the process of modernization was accelerated.<sup id="cite_ref-1944-Today_24-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1944-Today-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1962 the <i>Taktik Hava Kuvveti</i> (Tactical Air Force) was founded by upgrading the <i>Hava Tümeni</i> (Air Division) units to corps-level organizations. </p><p>In 1972, the force underwent major reorganization. The roundel was changed, the fleets were rebuilt and propelled airplanes were phased out in favour of jet-powered ones. </p><p>In 1974 the Air Force was employed during the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_invasion_of_Cyprus" title="Turkish invasion of Cyprus">Turkish invasion of Cyprus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1944-Today_24-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1944-Today-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the arrival of the first batch of 40 <a href="/wiki/Jet_fighter_generations#Third_generation" title="Jet fighter generations">third generation</a> <a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_F-4_Phantom_II" title="McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II">F-4E Phantom II</a> fighter jets ordered in 1972 and acquired between 1974 and 1978,<sup id="cite_ref-F-4-TUAF_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-F-4-TUAF-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Air Force was reorganized.<sup id="cite_ref-1944-Today_24-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1944-Today-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was followed by a second order in 1978 of another batch of 40 units (32 F-4Es and 8 RF-4Es, deliveries began in 1980).<sup id="cite_ref-F-4-TUAF_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-F-4-TUAF-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another batch of 70 more F-4Es were acquired between 1981 and 1987,<sup id="cite_ref-F-4-TUAF_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-F-4-TUAF-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 40 more F-4Es were acquired between 1991 and 1992,<sup id="cite_ref-F-4-TUAF_27-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-F-4-TUAF-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as 46 more RF-4E reconnaissance aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-F-4-TUAF_27-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-F-4-TUAF-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In total, the Turkish Air Force received 236 F-4 Phantom II (182 F-4E and 54 RF-4E) aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-F-4-TUAF_27-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-F-4-TUAF-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1997, <a href="/wiki/Israel_Aerospace_Industries" title="Israel Aerospace Industries">IAI</a> was selected to upgrade 54 of Turkey's F-4E fighter aircraft to the <a href="/wiki/List_of_McDonnell_Douglas_F-4_Phantom_II_variants" title="List of McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II variants">F-4E Terminator 2020</a> standard.<sup id="cite_ref-F-4-Terminator-2020_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-F-4-Terminator-2020-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The upgraded aircraft were delivered between 1999 and 2003; of these, 26 aircraft were upgraded in Israel and the remaining 28 were upgraded in Turkey.<sup id="cite_ref-F-4-Terminator-2020_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-F-4-Terminator-2020-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1983 Turkey ordered the <a href="/wiki/Fourth-generation_fighter" title="Fourth-generation fighter">fourth-generation</a> <a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-16_Fighting_Falcon" title="General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon">F-16 Fighting Falcon</a> fighter aircraft and started receiving them in 1987.<sup id="cite_ref-F-16-TUAF_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-F-16-TUAF-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Turkish Air Force has received a total of 270 <a href="/wiki/F-16C/D_Fighting_Falcon_Block_30" class="mw-redirect" title="F-16C/D Fighting Falcon Block 30">F-16C/D</a> aircraft in its inventory, all of them Block 30/40/50 models.<sup id="cite_ref-F-16-TUAF_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-F-16-TUAF-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Turkey is one of five countries that <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Aerospace_Industries" title="Turkish Aerospace Industries">locally produce</a> F-16 fighter jets.<sup id="cite_ref-F-16-TUAF_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-F-16-TUAF-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1995, the Turkish Air Force took part in <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Operation_Deliberate_Force" title="Operation Deliberate Force">Operation Deliberate Force</a>. </p><p>Turkey provided 18 F-16s for the <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> campaign against Serbia during <a href="/wiki/Operation_Allied_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Allied Force">Operation Allied Force</a> in 1999. Of these, 11 <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Aerospace_Industries" title="Turkish Aerospace Industries">TAI</a>-built F-16s were stationed at the NATO base in <a href="/wiki/Aviano_Air_Base" title="Aviano Air Base">Aviano</a>, Italy, while the other 7 were based in <a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a>, Turkey. All were equipped with laser-guided bombs using the <a href="/wiki/LANTIRN" title="LANTIRN">LANTIRN</a> night vision system. Turkish jets had previously patrolled Balkan airspace, providing protection for attacking aircraft. During this allied air campaign, <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Aerospace_Industries" title="Turkish Aerospace Industries">TAI-built</a> F-16s set a world <a href="/wiki/Combat_air_patrol" title="Combat air patrol">CAP</a> record by patrolling for 9 hours and 22 minutes above the Balkan theatre. Normally, <a href="/wiki/Combat_air_patrol" title="Combat air patrol">CAP</a> missions last between 3 and 4 hours. </p><p>Turkey participated in the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> peacekeeping mission in <a href="/wiki/Bosnia-Herzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnia-Herzegovina">Bosnia-Herzegovina</a>, employing two squadrons (one in the <a href="/wiki/Ghedi_Air_Base" title="Ghedi Air Base">Ghedi</a> fighter wing, and after 2000 one in the <a href="/wiki/Aviano_Air_Base" title="Aviano Air Base">Aviano</a> fighter wing).<sup id="cite_ref-1944-Today_24-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1944-Today-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They returned to Turkey in 2001. </p><p>In 2006, 4 Turkish F-16 fighter jets were deployed for NATO's <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Air_Policing" title="Baltic Air Policing">Baltic Air Policing</a> operation. </p><p>In December 2007, the Turkish Air Force initiated Operation Northern Iraq, which continued until the end of February 2008, eventually becoming a part of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Sun" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Sun">Operation Sun</a>. At the initial phase of this operation, on 16 December 2007, the TuAF used the <a href="/wiki/AGM-65_Maverick" title="AGM-65 Maverick">AGM-65 Maverick</a> and <a href="/wiki/AGM-142" class="mw-redirect" title="AGM-142">AGM-142 Popeye/Have Nap</a> during a night bombardment for the first time. </p><p>In August 2011, the Turkish Air Force launched multiple <a href="/wiki/August_2011_Turkey%E2%80%93Iraq_cross-border_raids" title="August 2011 Turkey–Iraq cross-border raids">aerial raids against the PKK in Iraq</a>, striking 132 targets in six days. In 2013, the Turkish Air Force <a href="/wiki/Turkey%E2%80%93ISIL_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkey–ISIL conflict">began striking ISIL targets</a> in Syria and Iraq. In July 2015, during <a href="/wiki/Operation_Martyr_Yal%C3%A7%C4%B1n" title="Operation Martyr Yalçın">Operation Martyr Yalçın</a>, the Turkish Air Force launched air strikes against <a href="/wiki/ISIL" class="mw-redirect" title="ISIL">ISIL</a> and <a href="/wiki/PKK" class="mw-redirect" title="PKK">PKK</a> targets in Syria and Iraq. </p><p>On 22 June 2012, during the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war</a>, a Turkish <a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_F-4_Phantom_II#Variants" title="McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II">RF-4E Phantom II</a> reconnaissance aircraft was <a href="/wiki/2012_Turkish_F-4_Phantom_shootdown" title="2012 Turkish F-4 Phantom shootdown">shot down</a> by a Syrian surface-to-air missile and crashed into the Mediterranean Sea; both the pilot and the navigator lost their lives.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 23 March 2014, a Turkish F-16 shot down a Syrian <a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-23" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23">MiG-23</a> near the Turkey-Syria border; the Syrian pilot was reported to have safely <a href="/wiki/Ejection_seat" title="Ejection seat">ejected</a> from the aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 24 November 2015, a Turkish F-16 <a href="/wiki/2015_Russian_Sukhoi_Su-24_shootdown" title="2015 Russian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdown">shot down</a> a Russian <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-24" title="Sukhoi Su-24">Su-24</a> strike aircraft which, according to Turkish authorities, had violated Turkish airspace by crossing the Turkey-Syria border. The Russian government contested those claims, stating that the aircraft never entered Turkish airspace.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pilot and navigator both ejected from the aircraft; the navigator was rescued, but the pilot was shot and killed by Syrian rebel ground fire while descending by parachute.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Post_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Post-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The incident sparked a crisis in Turkey's relations with Russia, which were <a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Turkey_relations#Normalisation_of_ties_and_beyond:_2016–present" title="Russia–Turkey relations">restored in 2016</a> when Turkish President Erdoğan expressed his regret and condolences to Russian President Putin.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other important air strikes by the Turkish Air Force in recent years include <a href="/wiki/Operation_Euphrates_Shield" title="Operation Euphrates Shield">Operation Euphrates Shield</a> (2016–2017), <a href="/wiki/Operation_Olive_Branch" title="Operation Olive Branch">Operation Olive Branch</a> (2018–2019), <a href="/wiki/2019_Turkish_offensive_into_north-eastern_Syria" title="2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria">Operation Peace Spring</a> (2019), <a href="/wiki/Turkish_military_intervention_in_the_Second_Libyan_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish military intervention in the Second Libyan Civil War">Turkish intervention in Libya</a> (2020), <a href="/wiki/Operation_Spring_Shield" title="Operation Spring Shield">Operation Spring Shield</a> (2020), and <a href="/wiki/Operation_Claw-Sword" title="Operation Claw-Sword">Operation Claw Sword</a> (2022). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Turkish_Air_Force_and_NATO">Turkish Air Force and NATO</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Turkish Air Force and NATO"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_sharing" title="Nuclear sharing">Nuclear sharing</a></div> <p>The Turkish Air Force contributes personnel and aircraft to the command centers and air bases of <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> and actively participates in the exercises of the alliance in Europe and North America. </p><p>The headquarters of NATO's <a href="/wiki/Allied_Air_Command_%C4%B0zmir" title="Allied Air Command İzmir">Allied Air Component Command</a> for <a href="/wiki/Southern_Europe" title="Southern Europe">Southern Europe</a> (formerly designated as AIRSOUTH and originally headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a>, Italy) was established in <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0zmir" title="İzmir">İzmir</a>, Turkey, on 11 August 2004. <a href="/wiki/Allied_Air_Command_%C4%B0zmir" title="Allied Air Command İzmir">Allied Air Command İzmir</a> was deactivated on 1 June 2013, when the <a href="/wiki/Allied_Air_Command" title="Allied Air Command">Allied Air Command</a> (AIRCOM) at the <a href="/wiki/Ramstein_Air_Base" title="Ramstein Air Base">Ramstein Air Base</a> in Germany became the sole Allied Air Component Command of NATO.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Turkey is one of five NATO member states which are part of the <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_sharing" title="Nuclear sharing">nuclear sharing</a> policy of the alliance, together with Belgium, <a href="/wiki/Germany_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="Germany and weapons of mass destruction">Germany</a>, Italy, and the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="Netherlands and weapons of mass destruction">Netherlands</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A total of 90 <a href="/wiki/B61_nuclear_bomb" title="B61 nuclear bomb">B61 nuclear bombs</a> are hosted at the <a href="/wiki/Incirlik_Air_Base" title="Incirlik Air Base">Incirlik Air Base</a>, 40 of which are allocated for use by the Turkish Air Force in case of a nuclear conflict, but their use requires the approval of NATO.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Equipment">Equipment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Equipment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_active_aircraft_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="List of active aircraft of the Turkish Air Force">List of active aircraft of the Turkish Air Force</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_active_weapons_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force" title="List of active weapons of the Turkish Air Force">List of active weapons of the Turkish Air Force</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fighter_and_reconnaissance_aircraft">Fighter and reconnaissance aircraft</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Fighter and reconnaissance aircraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkish_F-16_formation,_Red_Flag_16-2_(28769487653).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Turkish_F-16_formation%2C_Red_Flag_16-2_%2828769487653%29.jpg/220px-Turkish_F-16_formation%2C_Red_Flag_16-2_%2828769487653%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Turkish_F-16_formation%2C_Red_Flag_16-2_%2828769487653%29.jpg/330px-Turkish_F-16_formation%2C_Red_Flag_16-2_%2828769487653%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Turkish_F-16_formation%2C_Red_Flag_16-2_%2828769487653%29.jpg/440px-Turkish_F-16_formation%2C_Red_Flag_16-2_%2828769487653%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1949" data-file-height="2924" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/F-16C" class="mw-redirect" title="F-16C">F-16C</a> formation of <a href="/wiki/SoloT%C3%BCrk" title="SoloTürk">SoloTurk</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canadair_NF-5A_Freedom_Fighter,_Turkey_-_Air_Force_JP6919860.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Canadair_NF-5A_Freedom_Fighter%2C_Turkey_-_Air_Force_JP6919860.jpg/245px-Canadair_NF-5A_Freedom_Fighter%2C_Turkey_-_Air_Force_JP6919860.jpg" decoding="async" width="245" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Canadair_NF-5A_Freedom_Fighter%2C_Turkey_-_Air_Force_JP6919860.jpg/368px-Canadair_NF-5A_Freedom_Fighter%2C_Turkey_-_Air_Force_JP6919860.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Canadair_NF-5A_Freedom_Fighter%2C_Turkey_-_Air_Force_JP6919860.jpg/490px-Canadair_NF-5A_Freedom_Fighter%2C_Turkey_-_Air_Force_JP6919860.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="870" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Stars" title="Turkish Stars">Turkish Stars</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-5" title="Northrop F-5">NF-5A</a> aircraft holds a demonstration at <a href="/wiki/Kecskem%C3%A9t_Air_Base" title="Kecskemét Air Base">Kecskemét Air Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> (2010)</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1984, the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Aerospace_Industries" title="Turkish Aerospace Industries">Turkish Aerospace Industries</a> (TAI) was established and Turkey started to produce fighter aircraft locally under license, including a total of 232 <a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-16_Fighting_Falcon" title="General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon">F-16 Fighting Falcon</a> (Block 30/40/50) aircraft for the Turkish Air Force. Making it one of the only five countries in the world which produce the fourth generation jet fighter.<sup id="cite_ref-f16art21_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-f16art21-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The air force had previously received 8 F-16s that were purchased directly from the United States, bringing the total number of F-16s received by the air force to 245.<sup id="cite_ref-f16art21_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-f16art21-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2007 <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Aerospace_Industries" title="Turkish Aerospace Industries">TAI</a> built 30 F-16 Block 50+ aircraft for the airforce<sup id="cite_ref-reuters_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-f16art2325_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-f16art2325-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and applied the CCIP modernization program to 117 of its Block 40 and 50 F-16s, bringing them to the Block 50+ configuration.<sup id="cite_ref-defind_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-defind-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dozens of TAI-built F-16s were also exported to other countries, particularly in the Middle East. A total of 46 <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Aerospace_Industries" title="Turkish Aerospace Industries">TAI</a>-built F-16s have been exported to the <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Air_Force" title="Egyptian Air Force">Egyptian Air Force</a> under the Peace Vector IV Program (1993–1995), making it TAI's second-largest F-16 customer after the Turkish Air Force.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 11 July 2002, Turkey became a Level 3 partner of the <a href="/wiki/F-35_Joint_Strike_Fighter" class="mw-redirect" title="F-35 Joint Strike Fighter">F-35 Joint Strike Fighter</a> (JSF) development program, and on 25 January 2007, Turkey officially joined the production phase of the JSF program, agreeing to purchase a total of 116 <a href="/wiki/F-35_Lightning_II" class="mw-redirect" title="F-35 Lightning II">F-35 Lightning II</a> aircraft (100 <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-35_Lightning_II#F-35A" title="Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II">F-35A</a> <a href="/wiki/CTOL" title="CTOL">CTOL</a> for the Turkish Air Force and 16 <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-35_Lightning_II#F-35B" title="Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II">F-35B</a> <a href="/wiki/STOVL" title="STOVL">STOVL</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Naval_Forces" title="Turkish Naval Forces">Turkish Naval Forces</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Turkey placed an initial order for 30 <a href="/wiki/F-35_Lightning_II" class="mw-redirect" title="F-35 Lightning II">F-35 Lightning IIs</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-TDP-21.06.18_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TDP-21.06.18-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> six of which were completed as of 2019<sup id="cite_ref-TDP-21.06.18_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TDP-21.06.18-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and two more were at the assembly line in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first four F-35As were delivered to <a href="/wiki/Luke_Air_Force_Base" title="Luke Air Force Base">Luke Air Force Base</a> between 21 June 2018 and 5 April 2019 for the training of Turkish pilots.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Turkish_F-16_Fighting_Falcon_refueling_4857342.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/A_Turkish_F-16_Fighting_Falcon_refueling_4857342.jpg/250px-A_Turkish_F-16_Fighting_Falcon_refueling_4857342.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/A_Turkish_F-16_Fighting_Falcon_refueling_4857342.jpg/375px-A_Turkish_F-16_Fighting_Falcon_refueling_4857342.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/A_Turkish_F-16_Fighting_Falcon_refueling_4857342.jpg/500px-A_Turkish_F-16_Fighting_Falcon_refueling_4857342.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3280" /></a><figcaption><small>A Turkish <a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-16_Fighting_Falcon" title="General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon">F-16C</a> flies into position to make contact with the boom from a <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">USAF</a> <a href="/wiki/Boeing_KC-135_Stratotanker" title="Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker">KC-135 Stratotanker</a> assigned to the <a href="/wiki/134th_Air_Refueling_Wing" title="134th Air Refueling Wing">134th Air Refueling Wing</a> during <a href="/wiki/Exercise_Trident_Juncture_2018" title="Exercise Trident Juncture 2018">Exercise Trident Juncture 2018</a> near <a href="/wiki/Kallax" title="Kallax">Kallax</a> Air Base, <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></small></figcaption></figure> <p>On 17 July 2019, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senate</a> passed a defense spending bill which prevents the Turkish Air Force from obtaining the <a href="/wiki/F-35" class="mw-redirect" title="F-35">F-35</a> stealth fighter aircraft due to the country's acquisition of the <a href="/wiki/S-400_missile_system" title="S-400 missile system">S-400 missile system</a> from <a href="/wiki/Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Federation">Russia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2023, the U.S. has not refunded the $1.4 billion payment made by Turkey for purchasing the F-35A fighters and instead offered to support the sale of Block 70 F-16 fighter jets and the modernization program for the F-16 fleet of the Turkish Airforce.<sup id="cite_ref-Janes-24.01.2023_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Janes-24.01.2023-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2024, the U.S. State Department passed a $23 billion package that included the modernization of existing F16 fleets and new 40 F16 Block 70 fighter jets, as well as a wide range of ammunitions.<sup id="cite_ref-26.01.2024_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26.01.2024-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of August 2024, the project is continuing on as planned, as the Turkish Defense Minister said.<sup id="cite_ref-12.08.2024_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12.08.2024-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airborne_early_warning_and_control_(AEW&C)_aircraft"><span id="Airborne_early_warning_and_control_.28AEW.26C.29_aircraft"></span>Airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) aircraft</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) aircraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boeing_737_AEW%26C_MESA_Peace_Eagle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Boeing_737_AEW%26C_MESA_Peace_Eagle.jpg/220px-Boeing_737_AEW%26C_MESA_Peace_Eagle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Boeing_737_AEW%26C_MESA_Peace_Eagle.jpg/330px-Boeing_737_AEW%26C_MESA_Peace_Eagle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Boeing_737_AEW%26C_MESA_Peace_Eagle.jpg/440px-Boeing_737_AEW%26C_MESA_Peace_Eagle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1396" data-file-height="734" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Boeing_737_AEW%26C" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeing 737 AEW&C">Boeing 737 AEW&C Peace Eagle</a> (code 13–001) of the Turkish Air Force in <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">WA</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A total of four <a href="/wiki/Boeing_737_AEW%26C" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeing 737 AEW&C">Boeing 737 AEW&C Peace Eagle</a> (<span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Barış Kartalı</i></span>) aircraft (together with ground support systems) were ordered by the Turkish Air Force, with an option for two more aircraft. TAI is the primary subcontractor for the Peace Eagle parts production, aircraft modification, assembly and tests. Another subcontractor, <a href="/wiki/HAVELSAN" title="HAVELSAN">HAVELSAN</a>, is responsible for system analysis and software support.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Signed on 23 July 2003, the contract to Boeing was valued at US$1.385 billion, which was later reduced by US$59 million because some of the requirements were not met. The down payment to Boeing amounted to US$637 million. The project consists of the delivery of 737-700 airframes, ground radars and control systems, ground control segments for mission crew training, mission support and maintenance support.<sup id="cite_ref-hdn_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hdn-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Peace Eagle 1 was modified and tested by <a href="/wiki/Boeing_Integrated_Defense_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeing Integrated Defense Systems">Boeing Integrated Defense Systems</a> in Seattle, Washington, USA. Peace Eagle 2, 3 and 4 were modified and tested at the facilities of TAI in Ankara, Turkey, with the participation of Boeing and a number of Turkish companies.<sup id="cite_ref-MESA_install_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MESA_install-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of mid-2007, systems integration was ongoing and airworthiness certification works continued. In September 2007, Boeing completed the first test flight of Turkey's AEW&C 737.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 4 June 2008, it was announced that Turkish Aerospace Industries completed the first in-country modification of a <a href="/wiki/Boeing_737_Next_Generation" title="Boeing 737 Next Generation">Boeing 737-700</a> into an airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) platform for Turkey's Peace Eagle program.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first Peace Eagle aircraft, named <i>Kuzey</i> (meaning North) was formally accepted into Turkish Air Force inventory on 21 February 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The remaining three aircraft will be named <i>Güney</i> (South), <i>Doğu</i> (East) and <i>Batı</i> (West).<sup id="cite_ref-PeaceEagleCeremony_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PeaceEagleCeremony-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The six-year delay was a result of Boeing experiencing difficulties while developing some features required by the Turkish Air Force. Turkey demanded compensation of US$183 million from Boeing for the delay. The payment of the penalty is requested in the form of increased start-up support period from an initially planned two years to five years, as well as three years of software maintenance service and around US$32 million in spare parts.<sup id="cite_ref-hdn_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hdn-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aerial_refueling_tanker_aircraft">Aerial refueling tanker aircraft</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Aerial refueling tanker aircraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2019_Royal_International_Air_Tattoo_EGVA_-_Boeing_KC-135R_Stratotanker_-_Turkish_Air_Force_-_57-2609_(48367810431).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/2019_Royal_International_Air_Tattoo_EGVA_-_Boeing_KC-135R_Stratotanker_-_Turkish_Air_Force_-_57-2609_%2848367810431%29.jpg/220px-2019_Royal_International_Air_Tattoo_EGVA_-_Boeing_KC-135R_Stratotanker_-_Turkish_Air_Force_-_57-2609_%2848367810431%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/2019_Royal_International_Air_Tattoo_EGVA_-_Boeing_KC-135R_Stratotanker_-_Turkish_Air_Force_-_57-2609_%2848367810431%29.jpg/330px-2019_Royal_International_Air_Tattoo_EGVA_-_Boeing_KC-135R_Stratotanker_-_Turkish_Air_Force_-_57-2609_%2848367810431%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/2019_Royal_International_Air_Tattoo_EGVA_-_Boeing_KC-135R_Stratotanker_-_Turkish_Air_Force_-_57-2609_%2848367810431%29.jpg/440px-2019_Royal_International_Air_Tattoo_EGVA_-_Boeing_KC-135R_Stratotanker_-_Turkish_Air_Force_-_57-2609_%2848367810431%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5390" data-file-height="3784" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Boeing_KC-135R_Stratotanker" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeing KC-135R Stratotanker">Boeing KC-135R Stratotanker</a> (code 57–2609) of the Turkish Air Force at the 2019 <a href="/wiki/Royal_International_Air_Tattoo" title="Royal International Air Tattoo">Royal International Air Tattoo</a>, <a href="/wiki/RAF_Fairford" title="RAF Fairford">RAF Fairford</a>, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> </figcaption></figure> <p>In 1994 the Turkish Air Force signed a deal to lease two and purchase seven <a href="/wiki/Boeing_KC-135_Stratotanker" title="Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker">Boeing KC-135R Stratotanker</a> aerial refueling tanker aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the arrival of all seven purchased aircraft, the two leased KC-135Rs were returned to the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All seven KC-135R Stratotanker aircraft of the Turkish Air Force have received the Pacer CRAG (Compass, Radar And GPS) upgrade. </p><p>The KC-135R-CRAG Stratotanker aerial refueling tanker aircraft of the Turkish Air Force are operated by the 101st Squadron, stationed at the <a href="/wiki/Incirlik_Air_Base" title="Incirlik Air Base">Incirlik Air Base</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_64-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military_transport_aircraft">Military transport aircraft</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Military transport aircraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkish_Airbus_A400M_Atlas_taxies_upon_arrival_at_RAF_Mildenhall_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Turkish_Airbus_A400M_Atlas_taxies_upon_arrival_at_RAF_Mildenhall_2.jpg/220px-Turkish_Airbus_A400M_Atlas_taxies_upon_arrival_at_RAF_Mildenhall_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Turkish_Airbus_A400M_Atlas_taxies_upon_arrival_at_RAF_Mildenhall_2.jpg/330px-Turkish_Airbus_A400M_Atlas_taxies_upon_arrival_at_RAF_Mildenhall_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Turkish_Airbus_A400M_Atlas_taxies_upon_arrival_at_RAF_Mildenhall_2.jpg/440px-Turkish_Airbus_A400M_Atlas_taxies_upon_arrival_at_RAF_Mildenhall_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Airbus_A400M_Atlas" title="Airbus A400M Atlas">Airbus A400M Atlas</a> (code 16–0055) of the Turkish Air Force taxies upon arrival at <a href="/wiki/RAF_Mildenhall" title="RAF Mildenhall">RAF Mildenhall</a>, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Turkey is a partner nation in the <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A400M_Atlas" title="Airbus A400M Atlas">Airbus A400M Atlas</a> production program. </p><p>The Turkish Air Force has ordered a total of ten A400M Atlas aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first two A400M Atlas were delivered to the Turkish Air Force in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-flightglobal-b_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flightglobal-b-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All A400M Atlas deliveries to the Turkish Air Force were completed by 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>TAI produces several components of the A400M Atlas, including the middle-front fuselage, emergency exit doors, rear fuselage upper panels, rear upper escape doors, ailerons and spoilers; which are sent to the <a href="/wiki/Airbus_Military" title="Airbus Military">Airbus Military</a> factory in <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> for assembly.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Turkish Air Force also uses the <a href="/wiki/C-130_Hercules" class="mw-redirect" title="C-130 Hercules">C-130 Hercules</a>, <a href="/wiki/C-160_Transall" class="mw-redirect" title="C-160 Transall">C-160 Transall</a> and <a href="/wiki/CASA_CN-235" class="mw-redirect" title="CASA CN-235">CASA CN-235</a> military transport aircraft. </p><p>The transport helicopters used by the Turkish Armed Forces include the <a href="/wiki/Boeing_CH-47_Chinook" title="Boeing CH-47 Chinook">Boeing CH-47 Chinook</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_UH-60_Black_Hawk#Export_versions" title="Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk">Sikorsky S-70 Black Hawk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS532_Cougar" title="Eurocopter AS532 Cougar">Eurocopter AS532 Cougar</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unmanned_aerial_vehicles_(UAVs)"><span id="Unmanned_aerial_vehicles_.28UAVs.29"></span>Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2023<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the Turkish Air Force operates <a href="/wiki/High-Altitude_Long_Endurance" class="mw-redirect" title="High-Altitude Long Endurance">HALE</a> <a href="/wiki/Unmanned_combat_air_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Unmanned combat air vehicle">UCAVs</a> such as the <a href="/wiki/Baykar_Bayraktar_Ak%C4%B1nc%C4%B1" title="Baykar Bayraktar Akıncı">Baykar Akıncı</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Medium-Altitude_Long-Endurance" class="mw-redirect" title="Medium-Altitude Long-Endurance">MALE</a> UCAVs such as the <a href="/wiki/TAI_Aksungur" title="TAI Aksungur">TAI Aksungur</a>, <a href="/wiki/TAI_Anka" title="TAI Anka">TAI Anka</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/IAI_Heron" title="IAI Heron">IAI Heron</a>. The jet-engined UCAV <a href="/wiki/Baykar_Bayraktar_K%C4%B1z%C4%B1lelma" class="mw-redirect" title="Baykar Bayraktar Kızılelma">Baykar Kızılelma</a> is developed for the Turkish Air Force and <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Naval_Forces" title="Turkish Naval Forces">Turkish Naval Forces</a>; its maiden flight was successfully completed on 14 December 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-Herk_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herk-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Having been unable to purchase the armed version of <a href="/wiki/General_Atomics_MQ-1_Predator" title="General Atomics MQ-1 Predator">Predator</a> <a href="/wiki/Unmanned_combat_air_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Unmanned combat air vehicle">UCAVs</a> from the United States, Turkey has fitted these drones with indigenous <a href="/wiki/MAM_(Smart_Micro_Munition)" class="mw-redirect" title="MAM (Smart Micro Munition)">MAM</a> series munitions, while the Baykar Akıncı HALE UCAV can also be armed with the <a href="/wiki/SOM_(missile)" title="SOM (missile)">SOM</a> <a href="/wiki/Cruise_missile" title="Cruise missile">cruise missile</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The runway tests of <a href="/wiki/TAI_Anka-3" title="TAI Anka-3">TAI Anka-3</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Jet_engine" title="Jet engine">jet</a>-powered, <a href="/wiki/Flying_wing" title="Flying wing">flying wing</a> type <a href="/wiki/UCAV" class="mw-redirect" title="UCAV">UCAV</a> with <a href="/wiki/Stealth_aircraft" title="Stealth aircraft">stealth technology</a>, began in April 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-TRT_World_12.05.2023_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TRT_World_12.05.2023-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its maiden flight was successfully completed on 28 December 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Satellites">Satellites</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Satellites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TaiIDEF2015_(8).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/TaiIDEF2015_%288%29.JPG/220px-TaiIDEF2015_%288%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/TaiIDEF2015_%288%29.JPG/330px-TaiIDEF2015_%288%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/TaiIDEF2015_%288%29.JPG/440px-TaiIDEF2015_%288%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3696" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Model of <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6kt%C3%BCrk-2" title="Göktürk-2">Göktürk-2</a> at <a href="/wiki/International_Defence_Industry_Fair" title="International Defence Industry Fair">IDEF 2015</a></figcaption></figure> <p>As of 2024, the Turkish Air Force operates the military intelligence satellites <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6kt%C3%BCrk-2" title="Göktürk-2">Göktürk-2</a> (in orbit since 2012), <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6kt%C3%BCrk-1" title="Göktürk-1">Göktürk-1</a> (since 2016), and <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrksat_5A" title="Türksat 5A">Türksat 5A</a> (since 2021), while <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6kt%C3%BCrk-3" title="Göktürk-3">Göktürk-3</a> is scheduled to be launched and placed into orbit in 2025.<sup id="cite_ref-Turkish_Air_Force_Official_Website_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Turkish_Air_Force_Official_Website-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Göktürk-2 is a 2m resolution reconnaissance satellite for use by the <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Organization_(Turkey)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Intelligence Organization (Turkey)">National Intelligence Organization</a>, launched in 2012. Göktürk-1 is a 0.8m resolution reconnaissance satellite for use by the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="Turkish Armed Forces">Turkish Armed Forces</a>, launched in 2016. Some electro-optical parts that were required for the Göktürk-1 (0.8m resolution) satellite were beyond TAI's technological know-how, thus a foreign partner was sought. The official bidders for the project were <a href="/wiki/EADS_Astrium" class="mw-redirect" title="EADS Astrium">EADS Astrium</a> (U.K.), <a href="/wiki/OHB-System" class="mw-redirect" title="OHB-System">OHB-System</a> (Germany) and <a href="/wiki/Telespazio" title="Telespazio">Telespazio</a> (Italy);<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the contract was won by Telespazio of Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-Eurofighter_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eurofighter-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6kt%C3%BCrk-2" title="Göktürk-2">Göktürk-2</a> was launched from the <a href="/wiki/Jiuquan_Launch_Area_4" title="Jiuquan Launch Area 4">Jiuquan Launch Area 4 / SLS-2</a> in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> by a <a href="/wiki/Long_March_2D" title="Long March 2D">Long March 2D</a> space launch vehicle at 16:12:52 <a href="/wiki/UTC" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC">UTC</a> on 18 December 2012. It was placed into a <a href="/wiki/Low_Earth_orbit" title="Low Earth orbit">low Earth orbit</a> of 686 km (426 mi) at 16:26 UTC. The first signal from Göktürk-2 was received at 17:39 UTC by the <a href="/wiki/Troms%C3%B8_Satellite_Station" title="Tromsø Satellite Station">Tromsø Satellite Station</a>, northern <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6kt%C3%BCrk-1" title="Göktürk-1">Göktürk-1</a> was launched later, after numerous delays due to political and business disputes, at 13:51:44 UTC on 5 December 2016, from the <a href="/wiki/Guiana_Space_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Guiana Space Center">Guiana Space Center</a>, on Vega flight VV08 of the <a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency" title="European Space Agency">European Space Agency</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Vega_(rocket)" title="Vega (rocket)">Vega</a> rocket. </p><p>In 2013 Turkey approved the construction by <a href="/wiki/Roketsan" title="Roketsan">Roketsan</a> of its first satellite launching center, initially for low earth orbit satellites.<sup id="cite_ref-dn-20130728_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dn-20130728-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, Turkey and Ukraine signed a space program cooperation agreement worth billions of dollars.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrksat_5A" title="Türksat 5A">Türksat 5A</a> was launched on 8 January 2021, at 02:15:00 UTC from <a href="/wiki/Cape_Canaveral_Space_Force_Station" title="Cape Canaveral Space Force Station">Cape Canaveral</a> (CCSFS), <a href="/wiki/Cape_Canaveral_Space_Launch_Complex_40" title="Cape Canaveral Space Launch Complex 40">SLC-40</a>. It greatly extended the range of drone operations from the west of <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> to the east of <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a>, with more resistance against jamming, rejection and wiretapping; high-definition live streams of targets and commanding of munitions drops.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prior to 2014, combatant units of the Turkish Air Force were organized under numbered 1st and 2nd Air Forces, which were respectively responsible for the western and eastern airspace. They were later unified into centralized Combatant Air Force and Air Defense Commands, which both are located in Eskişehir.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 4th Main Jet Base Command was closed following the <a href="/wiki/2016_coup_in_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 coup in Turkey">2016 Turkish coup attempt</a> and is now used as a temporary airfield for the Air Force. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chief_of_Staff_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force">Chief of Staff of the Turkish Air Force</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Chief of Staff of the Turkish Air Force"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Personnel Directorate</li> <li>Intelligence Directorate</li> <li>Operations Directorate</li> <li>Logistics Directorate</li> <li>Defense Plan and Project Management Directorate</li> <li>Communications, Electronics and Information Systems Directorate</li></ul> <ul><li>Reconnaissance Satellites Command</li> <li>Space Command</li> <li>Air and Space Force Development Center</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Combatant_Air_Force">Combatant Air Force</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Combatant Air Force"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>1st Main Jet Base Command (Eskişehir)</b> </p> <ul><li>111st Squadron "Panthers"</li> <li>113rd Squadron "Gazelles" (<a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_aircraft" title="Reconnaissance aircraft">Reconnaissance</a>)</li> <li>401st Test Squadron</li> <li>311st UCAV OSEM Squadron "Peak" (<a href="/wiki/Command_and_control" title="Command and control">Command & control</a>)</li> <li>Flight Health Research & Training Center</li></ul> <p><b>3rd Main Jet Base Command (Konya)</b> </p> <ul><li>131st Squadron "Dragon" (<a href="/wiki/Airborne_early_warning_and_control" title="Airborne early warning and control">AEW&C</a>)</li> <li>132nd Weapons & Tactics Squadron "Daggers"</li> <li>135th Squadron "Fire" (<a href="/wiki/Search_and_rescue" title="Search and rescue">S&R</a>)</li></ul> <p><b>5th Main Jet Base Command (Amasya)</b> </p> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:151st_squadron_patch.png" class="mw-file-description" title="151. Tunç Filo"><img alt="151. Tunç Filo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/07/151st_squadron_patch.png/25px-151st_squadron_patch.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/07/151st_squadron_patch.png/38px-151st_squadron_patch.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/07/151st_squadron_patch.png/50px-151st_squadron_patch.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/151st_Squadron_(Turkey)" title="151st Squadron (Turkey)">151st Squadron "Bronzes"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Suppression_of_Enemy_Air_Defenses" title="Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses">SEAD</a>)</li> <li>203rd Squadron "Angel" (<a href="/wiki/Search_and_rescue" title="Search and rescue">S&R</a>)</li></ul> <p><b>6th Main Jet Base Command (Balıkesir)</b> </p> <ul><li>161st Squadron "Eagle-Bat" (<a href="/wiki/LANTIRN" title="LANTIRN">LANTIRN</a>)</li> <li>162nd Squadron "Harpoon"</li></ul> <p><b>7th Main Jet Base Command (Malatya)</b> </p> <ul><li>171st Squadron "Pirates"</li> <li>172nd Squadron "Hawk"</li> <li>173rd Squadron "Dawn"</li></ul> <p><b>8th Main Jet Base Command (Diyarbakır)</b> </p> <ul><li>181st Squadron "Leopard" <a href="/wiki/LANTIRN" title="LANTIRN">(LANTIRN</a>)</li> <li>182nd Squadron "Hawk"</li> <li>202nd Squadron "Orient" (<a href="/wiki/Search_and_rescue" title="Search and rescue">S&R</a>)</li></ul> <p><b>9th Main Jet Base Command (Balıkesir)</b> </p> <ul><li>191st Squadron "Cobras"</li> <li>193rd Training Squadron</li></ul> <p><b>10th Main Jet Base Command (Incirlik)</b> </p> <ul><li>101st Aerial Refueling Squadron "Asenas"</li></ul> <ul><li>152nd Squadron "Raiders" (<a href="/wiki/Quick_Reaction_Alert" title="Quick Reaction Alert">QRA</a>)</li> <li>302nd UCAV Squadron "Lightning"</li></ul> <p><b>14th Unmanned Aircraft Systems Command (Batman)</b> </p> <ul><li>341st UCAV Squadron "Shadow"</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air_Defense_Command">Air Defense Command</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Air Defense Command"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>15th Missile Base Command (Istanbul)</b> </p> <ul><li><b>HAWK Group Command</b> <ul><li>Battalion Operations Center</li> <li>1st HAWK Squadron (12 launchers)</li> <li>2nd HAWK Squadron (12 launchers)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>S-400 Group Command (Ankara)</b> <ul><li>1st S-400 Squadron "Victory"</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air_Logistics_Command">Air Logistics Command</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Air Logistics Command"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>11st Air Transportation Main Base Command (Ankara)</b> </p> <ul><li>211st Air Transportation Squadron "Voyager"</li> <li>212nd Special Squadron "Falcon" (<a href="/wiki/VIP_Transport" class="mw-redirect" title="VIP Transport">VIP transport</a>)</li></ul> <p><b>12nd Air Transportation Main Base Command (Kayseri)</b> </p> <ul><li>221st Air Transportation Squadron "Esen"</li> <li>222nd Air Transportation Squadron "Flame"</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air_Training_Command">Air Training Command</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Air Training Command"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>2nd Main Jet Base Command (Izmir)</b> </p> <ul><li>121st Squadron "Wasp"</li> <li>122nd Squadron "Scorpion"</li> <li>123rd Squadron "Palaz"</li> <li>124th Standardized Squadron "Pioneer"</li> <li>125th Transportation & Helicopter Training Squadron "Puma"</li></ul> <p><b>Air Technical Schools Command (Izmir)</b> </p> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:U%C3%A7ak_Bak%C4%B1m_Okul_Komutanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Uçak Bakım Okul Komutanlığı"><img alt="Uçak Bakım Okul Komutanlığı" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/U%C3%A7ak_Bak%C4%B1m_Okul_Komutanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1.jpg/20px-U%C3%A7ak_Bak%C4%B1m_Okul_Komutanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1.jpg" decoding="async" width="20" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/U%C3%A7ak_Bak%C4%B1m_Okul_Komutanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1.jpg/31px-U%C3%A7ak_Bak%C4%B1m_Okul_Komutanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/U%C3%A7ak_Bak%C4%B1m_Okul_Komutanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1.jpg/41px-U%C3%A7ak_Bak%C4%B1m_Okul_Komutanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="408" data-file-height="499" /></a></span> Aircraft Maintenance School</li> <li>Communications, Electronics and Information Systems School</li> <li>Air Engineering School</li> <li>Air Defense School</li> <li>Air Supply and Administrative School</li> <li>Air Transportation School</li> <li>Air Security School</li> <li>Ammunition Demolition School</li> <li>Operational Preparedness and Officer Development School</li> <li>Education Administrators and Teachers School</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geographic_locations">Geographic locations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Geographic locations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap 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div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap noviewer noresize thumb tnone"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:842px"><div style="position:relative;width:840px;border:1px solid lightgray"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Turkish Air Force is located in Turkey"><img alt="Turkish Air Force is located in Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg/840px-Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="840" height="360" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg/1260px-Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1579" data-file-height="677" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:38.802%;left:26.438%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-5px;top:-5px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Eskişehir"><img alt="Eskişehir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/10px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/15px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/20px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:6px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eski%C5%9Fehir_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Eskişehir Airport">Eskişehir</a></span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:56.96%;left:8.214%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-5px;top:-5px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Çiğli"><img alt="Çiğli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Pink_pog.svg/10px-Pink_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Pink_pog.svg/15px-Pink_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Pink_pog.svg/20px-Pink_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:6px;left:-3em"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C3%87i%C4%9Fli_Air_Base" title="Çiğli Air Base">Çiğli</a></span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:64.586%;left:36.54%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-5px;top:-5px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Konya"><img alt="Konya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Purple_pog.svg/10px-Purple_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Purple_pog.svg/15px-Purple_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Purple_pog.svg/20px-Purple_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:6px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Konya_Airport" title="Konya Airport">Konya</a></span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:34.587%;left:36.559%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-5px;top:-5px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Akıncı"><img alt="Akıncı" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_008000_pog.svg/10px-Green_008000_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_008000_pog.svg/15px-Green_008000_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_008000_pog.svg/20px-Green_008000_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:6px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ak%C4%B1nc%C4%B1_Air_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Akıncı Air Base">Akıncı</a></span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:23.869%;left:51.643%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-5px;top:-5px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Merzifon"><img alt="Merzifon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Blue_0080ff_pog.svg/10px-Blue_0080ff_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Blue_0080ff_pog.svg/15px-Blue_0080ff_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Blue_0080ff_pog.svg/20px-Blue_0080ff_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:6px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Amasya_Merzifon_Airport" title="Amasya Merzifon Airport">Merzifon</a></span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:31.175%;left:13.149%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-5px;top:-5px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandırma"><img alt="Bandırma" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Blue_0080ff_pog.svg/10px-Blue_0080ff_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Blue_0080ff_pog.svg/15px-Blue_0080ff_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Blue_0080ff_pog.svg/20px-Blue_0080ff_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:6px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Band%C4%B1rma_Airport" title="Bandırma Airport">Bandırma</a></span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:58.067%;left:64.749%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-5px;top:-5px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Erhaç"><img alt="Erhaç" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Yellow_pog.svg/10px-Yellow_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Yellow_pog.svg/15px-Yellow_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Yellow_pog.svg/20px-Yellow_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:6px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Malatya_Erha%C3%A7_Airport" title="Malatya Erhaç Airport">Erhaç</a></span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:65.802%;left:75.514%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-5px;top:-5px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Diyarbakır"><img alt="Diyarbakır" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Blue_0080ff_pog.svg/10px-Blue_0080ff_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Blue_0080ff_pog.svg/15px-Blue_0080ff_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Blue_0080ff_pog.svg/20px-Blue_0080ff_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:6px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Diyarbak%C4%B1r_Airport" title="Diyarbakır Airport">Diyarbakır</a></span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:41.155%;left:12.887%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-5px;top:-5px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Balıkesir"><img alt="Balıkesir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Blue_0080ff_pog.svg/10px-Blue_0080ff_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Blue_0080ff_pog.svg/15px-Blue_0080ff_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Blue_0080ff_pog.svg/20px-Blue_0080ff_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:6px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bal%C4%B1kesir_Airport" title="Balıkesir Airport">Balıkesir</a></span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:78.544%;left:51.152%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-5px;top:-5px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="İncirlik"><img alt="İncirlik" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_008000_pog.svg/10px-Green_008000_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_008000_pog.svg/15px-Green_008000_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_008000_pog.svg/20px-Green_008000_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:6px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0ncirlik_Air_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="İncirlik Air Base">İncirlik</a></span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:53.282%;left:51.507%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-5px;top:-5px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Erkilt"><img alt="Erkilt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_008000_pog.svg/10px-Green_008000_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_008000_pog.svg/15px-Green_008000_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_008000_pog.svg/20px-Green_008000_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:6px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Erkilet_International_Airport" title="Erkilet International Airport">Erkilt</a></span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:65.254%;left:80.186%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-5px;top:-5px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Batman"><img alt="Batman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Yellow_pog.svg/10px-Yellow_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Yellow_pog.svg/15px-Yellow_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Yellow_pog.svg/20px-Yellow_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:6px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Batman_Airport" title="Batman Airport">Batman</a></span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:20.689%;left:19.52%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-5px;top:-5px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Alemdağ"><img alt="Alemdağ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/10px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/15px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/20px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:6px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap">Alemdağ</span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:36.431%;left:37.187%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-5px;top:-5px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Etimesgut"><img alt="Etimesgut" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_008000_pog.svg/10px-Green_008000_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_008000_pog.svg/15px-Green_008000_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_008000_pog.svg/20px-Green_008000_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:6px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Etimesgut_Air_Base" title="Etimesgut Air Base">Etimesgut</a></span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:59.727%;left:8.976%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-5px;top:-5px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Gaziemir"><img alt="Gaziemir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_008000_pog.svg/10px-Green_008000_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_008000_pog.svg/15px-Green_008000_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_008000_pog.svg/20px-Green_008000_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:6px;left:-3em"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gaziemir_Air_Base" title="Gaziemir Air Base">Gaziemir</a></span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:38.011%;left:37.935%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Turkish Air Force"><img alt="Turkish Air Force" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:38.011%;left:37.221%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Ahlatlıbel"><img alt="Ahlatlıbel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Lightgreen_pog.svg/8px-Lightgreen_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Lightgreen_pog.svg/12px-Lightgreen_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Lightgreen_pog.svg/16px-Lightgreen_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap">Ahlatlıbel</span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:24.524%;left:22.109%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Körfez"><img alt="Körfez" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6rfez,_Kocaeli" class="mw-redirect" title="Körfez, Kocaeli">Körfez</a></span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:58.286%;left:8.878%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Karabelen"><img alt="Karabelen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0zmir" title="İzmir">Karabelen</a></span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:33.488%;left:5.171%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Çanakkale"><img alt="Çanakkale" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C3%87anakkale" title="Çanakkale">Çanakkale</a></span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:37.02%;left:81.005%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Erzurum"><img alt="Erzurum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Erzurum" title="Erzurum">Erzurum</a></span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:82.453%;left:11.668%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Datça"><img alt="Datça" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dat%C3%A7a" title="Datça">Datça</a></span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:7.857%;left:46.854%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inebolu"><img alt="Inebolu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Inebolu" class="mw-redirect" title="Inebolu">Inebolu</a></span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:84.547%;left:54.923%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="İskenderun"><img alt="İskenderun" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0skenderun" title="İskenderun">İskenderun</a></span></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:21.075%;left:77.154%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rize"><img alt="Rize" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/8px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/16px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rize" title="Rize">Rize</a></span></small></div></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg" title="File:Turkey relief location map.jpg">class=notpageimage| </a></div>Turkish Air Force bases 2024<br />Fighter bases: <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blue_0080ff_pog.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Blue_0080ff_pog.svg/10px-Blue_0080ff_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Blue_0080ff_pog.svg/15px-Blue_0080ff_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Blue_0080ff_pog.svg/20px-Blue_0080ff_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-16_Fighting_Falcon" title="General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon">F-16C/D Falcon</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blue_pog.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/10px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/15px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/20px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span> F-16C/D Falcon / <a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_F-4_Phantom_II" title="McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II">F-4E 2020T Terminator</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yellow_pog.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Yellow_pog.svg/10px-Yellow_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Yellow_pog.svg/15px-Yellow_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Yellow_pog.svg/20px-Yellow_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle" title="Unmanned aerial vehicle">Unmanned aerial vehicles</a><br />Training bases: <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Purple_pog.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Purple_pog.svg/10px-Purple_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Purple_pog.svg/15px-Purple_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Purple_pog.svg/20px-Purple_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-16_Fighting_Falcon" title="General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon">F-16C/D Falcon</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pink_pog.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Pink_pog.svg/10px-Pink_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Pink_pog.svg/15px-Pink_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Pink_pog.svg/20px-Pink_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Northrop_T-38_Talon" title="Northrop T-38 Talon">T-38M Talon</a><br />Other bases: <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_pog.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/10px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/15px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/20px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span> Missile bases <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Green_008000_pog.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_008000_pog.svg/10px-Green_008000_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_008000_pog.svg/15px-Green_008000_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_008000_pog.svg/20px-Green_008000_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span> Other flying units<br />Air-surveillance: <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Orange_pog.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/9px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/14px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/18px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span> Radar station <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lightgreen_pog.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Lightgreen_pog.svg/9px-Lightgreen_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Lightgreen_pog.svg/14px-Lightgreen_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Lightgreen_pog.svg/18px-Lightgreen_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span> Command and Control Center</div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Squadrons">Squadrons</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Squadrons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The above commands consist of:<sup id="cite_ref-scramble.nl_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scramble.nl-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>19 <a href="/wiki/Fighter_aircraft" title="Fighter aircraft">Combat</a> squadrons</li> <li>1 <a href="/wiki/Surveillance_aircraft" title="Surveillance aircraft">Reconnaissance</a> squadron</li> <li>6 <a href="/wiki/Trainer_(aircraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trainer (aircraft)">Training</a> squadrons</li> <li>6 <a href="/wiki/Cargo_aircraft" title="Cargo aircraft">Transportation</a> squadrons</li> <li>1 <a href="/wiki/Tanker_aircraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanker aircraft">Tanker</a> squadron</li> <li>8 <a href="/wiki/Surface-to-air_missile" title="Surface-to-air missile">Surface-to-air missile</a> (SAM) squadrons</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Insignia">Insignia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Insignia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#CCCCCC; width: 100%"> <th>NATO code</th> <th colspan="2">OF-10</th> <th colspan="2">OF-9</th> <th colspan="2">OF-8</th> <th colspan="2">OF-7</th> <th colspan="2">OF-6</th> <th colspan="2">OF-5</th> <th colspan="2">OF-4</th> <th colspan="2">OF-3</th> <th colspan="2">OF-2</th> <th colspan="6">OF-1 </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th rowspan="2"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Turkish Air Force</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-Turkey_AirForce_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Turkey_AirForce-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul class="navbar-brackets"><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_NATO_Air_Forces/OF/Turkey" title="Template:Ranks and Insignia of NATO Air Forces/OF/Turkey"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_NATO_Air_Forces/OF/Turkey" title="Template talk:Ranks and Insignia of NATO Air Forces/OF/Turkey"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_NATO_Air_Forces/OF/Turkey" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ranks and Insignia of NATO Air Forces/OF/Turkey"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div> </th> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey-army-OF-10.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Turkey-army-OF-10.svg/50px-Turkey-army-OF-10.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Turkey-army-OF-10.svg/75px-Turkey-army-OF-10.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Turkey-army-OF-10.svg/100px-Turkey-army-OF-10.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey-air-force-OF-9a.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Turkey-air-force-OF-9a.svg/50px-Turkey-air-force-OF-9a.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Turkey-air-force-OF-9a.svg/75px-Turkey-air-force-OF-9a.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Turkey-air-force-OF-9a.svg/100px-Turkey-air-force-OF-9a.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey-air-force-OF-8.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Turkey-air-force-OF-8.svg/50px-Turkey-air-force-OF-8.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Turkey-air-force-OF-8.svg/75px-Turkey-air-force-OF-8.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Turkey-air-force-OF-8.svg/100px-Turkey-air-force-OF-8.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey-air-force-OF-7.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Turkey-air-force-OF-7.svg/50px-Turkey-air-force-OF-7.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Turkey-air-force-OF-7.svg/75px-Turkey-air-force-OF-7.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Turkey-air-force-OF-7.svg/100px-Turkey-air-force-OF-7.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey-air-force-OF-6.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Turkey-air-force-OF-6.svg/50px-Turkey-air-force-OF-6.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Turkey-air-force-OF-6.svg/75px-Turkey-air-force-OF-6.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Turkey-air-force-OF-6.svg/100px-Turkey-air-force-OF-6.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey-air-force-OF-5.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Turkey-air-force-OF-5.svg/50px-Turkey-air-force-OF-5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Turkey-air-force-OF-5.svg/75px-Turkey-air-force-OF-5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Turkey-air-force-OF-5.svg/100px-Turkey-air-force-OF-5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey-air-force-OF-4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Turkey-air-force-OF-4.svg/50px-Turkey-air-force-OF-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Turkey-air-force-OF-4.svg/75px-Turkey-air-force-OF-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Turkey-air-force-OF-4.svg/100px-Turkey-air-force-OF-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey-air-force-OF-3.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Turkey-air-force-OF-3.svg/50px-Turkey-air-force-OF-3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Turkey-air-force-OF-3.svg/75px-Turkey-air-force-OF-3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Turkey-air-force-OF-3.svg/100px-Turkey-air-force-OF-3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey-air-force-OF-2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Turkey-air-force-OF-2.svg/50px-Turkey-air-force-OF-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Turkey-air-force-OF-2.svg/75px-Turkey-air-force-OF-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Turkey-air-force-OF-2.svg/100px-Turkey-air-force-OF-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey-air-force-OF-1b.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Turkey-air-force-OF-1b.svg/50px-Turkey-air-force-OF-1b.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Turkey-air-force-OF-1b.svg/75px-Turkey-air-force-OF-1b.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Turkey-air-force-OF-1b.svg/100px-Turkey-air-force-OF-1b.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey-air-force-OF-1a.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Turkey-air-force-OF-1a.svg/50px-Turkey-air-force-OF-1a.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Turkey-air-force-OF-1a.svg/75px-Turkey-air-force-OF-1a.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Turkey-air-force-OF-1a.svg/100px-Turkey-air-force-OF-1a.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey-air-force-OF-(D).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Turkey-air-force-OF-%28D%29.svg/50px-Turkey-air-force-OF-%28D%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Turkey-air-force-OF-%28D%29.svg/75px-Turkey-air-force-OF-%28D%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Turkey-air-force-OF-%28D%29.svg/100px-Turkey-air-force-OF-%28D%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr"><a href="/wiki/Mare%C5%9Fal_(Turkey)" title="Mareşal (Turkey)">Mareşal</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Orgeneral</i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Korgeneral</i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Tümgeneral</i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Tuğgeneral</i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Albay</i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Yarbay</i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Binbaşı</i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Yüzbaşı</i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Üsteğmen</i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Teğmen</i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Asteğmen</i></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#CCCCCC; width: 100%"> <th>NATO code</th> <th colspan="6">OR-9</th> <th colspan="2">OR-8</th> <th colspan="2">OR-7</th> <th colspan="6">OR-6</th> <th colspan="6">OR-5</th> <th colspan="4">OR-4</th> <th colspan="2">OR-3</th> <th colspan="6">OR-2</th> <th colspan="2">OR-1 </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td rowspan="2"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Turkish Air Force</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-Turkey_AirForce_82-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Turkey_AirForce-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul class="navbar-brackets"><li class="nv-view"><a 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href="/wiki/File:Turkey-air-force-OR-7b.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Turkey-air-force-OR-7b.svg/50px-Turkey-air-force-OR-7b.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Turkey-air-force-OR-7b.svg/75px-Turkey-air-force-OR-7b.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Turkey-air-force-OR-7b.svg/100px-Turkey-air-force-OR-7b.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="559" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="6"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey-air-force-OR-7a.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Turkey-air-force-OR-7a.svg/50px-Turkey-air-force-OR-7a.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="55" class="mw-file-element" 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href="/wiki/File:Turkey-air-force-OR-6a.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Turkey-air-force-OR-6a.svg/50px-Turkey-air-force-OR-6a.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Turkey-air-force-OR-6a.svg/75px-Turkey-air-force-OR-6a.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Turkey-air-force-OR-6a.svg/100px-Turkey-air-force-OR-6a.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="559" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey-air-force-OR-6b-1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Turkey-air-force-OR-6b-1.svg/50px-Turkey-air-force-OR-6b-1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Turkey-air-force-OR-6b-1.svg/75px-Turkey-air-force-OR-6b-1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Turkey-air-force-OR-6b-1.svg/100px-Turkey-air-force-OR-6b-1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="559" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey-air-force-OR-5.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Turkey-air-force-OR-5.svg/50px-Turkey-air-force-OR-5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Turkey-air-force-OR-5.svg/75px-Turkey-air-force-OR-5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Turkey-air-force-OR-5.svg/100px-Turkey-air-force-OR-5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="322" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey-air-force-OR-4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Turkey-air-force-OR-4.svg/50px-Turkey-air-force-OR-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Turkey-air-force-OR-4.svg/75px-Turkey-air-force-OR-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Turkey-air-force-OR-4.svg/100px-Turkey-air-force-OR-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="559" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey-air-force-OR-3.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Turkey-air-force-OR-3.svg/50px-Turkey-air-force-OR-3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Turkey-air-force-OR-3.svg/75px-Turkey-air-force-OR-3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Turkey-air-force-OR-3.svg/100px-Turkey-air-force-OR-3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="322" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey-air-force-OR-2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Turkey-air-force-OR-2.svg/50px-Turkey-air-force-OR-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Turkey-air-force-OR-2.svg/75px-Turkey-air-force-OR-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Turkey-air-force-OR-2.svg/100px-Turkey-air-force-OR-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="559" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="2"><b>No insignia</b> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="6"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Astsubay kıdemli başçavuş</i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Astsubay başçavuş</i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Astsubay kıdemli üstçavuş</i></span> </td> <td colspan="6"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Astsubay üstçavuş</i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Astsubay kıdemli çavuş</i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Astsubay çavuş</i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Astsubay astçavuş</i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Uzman çavuş</i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr"><a href="/wiki/Tchaoush" class="mw-redirect" title="Tchaoush">Çavuş</a></i></span> </td> <td><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Uzman onbaşı</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Onbaşı</i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Er</i></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <ul><li>OF3, OF2, & OR2 translate to "Head of 1000", "Head of 100", and "Head of 10" respectively.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Future">Future</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Future"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airbus_A330_MRTT">Airbus A330 MRTT</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Airbus A330 MRTT"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since 2021, there is a plan to replace the existing <a href="/wiki/Boeing_KC-135_Stratotanker" title="Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker">KC-135R Stratotanker</a> aerial refueling tanker aircraft with the <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A330_MRTT" title="Airbus A330 MRTT">Airbus A330 MRTT</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eurofighter_Typhoon">Eurofighter Typhoon</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Eurofighter Typhoon"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In November 2023, Turkey announced plans to acquire 40 <a href="/wiki/Eurofighter_Typhoon" title="Eurofighter Typhoon">Eurofighter Typhoons</a> from the United Kingdom. The sale has been approved by all <a href="/wiki/Eurofighter_GmbH" title="Eurofighter GmbH">partners</a> except Germany, due to disagreements between Ankara and Berlin on a number of political issues.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2024, media reports indicated that Turkey's interest in the procurement of Typhoons remains, despite progress being made on the purchase of 40 new <a href="/wiki/F-16V" class="mw-redirect" title="F-16V">F-16Vs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Project_MIUS">Project MIUS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Project MIUS"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Teknofest_%C4%B0stanbul_2023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Teknofest_%C4%B0stanbul_2023.jpg/220px-Teknofest_%C4%B0stanbul_2023.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Teknofest_%C4%B0stanbul_2023.jpg/330px-Teknofest_%C4%B0stanbul_2023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Teknofest_%C4%B0stanbul_2023.jpg/440px-Teknofest_%C4%B0stanbul_2023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bayraktar_K%C4%B1z%C4%B1lelma" title="Bayraktar Kızılelma">Bayraktar Kızılelma</a> is a jet-powered UCAV developed for the Turkish Air Force and <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Naval_Forces" title="Turkish Naval Forces">Turkish Navy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Bayraktar_K%C4%B1z%C4%B1lelma" title="Bayraktar Kızılelma">Bayraktar Kızılelma</a> fighter drone and the flying wing type TAI Anka-3 strike drone are the two jet-powered, <a href="/wiki/Stealth_technology" title="Stealth technology">low-observable</a> UCAVs developed as part of Project MIUS. </p><p>Bayraktar Kızılelma completed its first flight on 14 December 2022,<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while TAI Anka-3 completed its first flight on 28 December 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b><big>TAI Hürkuş</big></b> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TAI_H%C3%BCrku%C5%9F_Advanced_Trainer_A-C_Bourget_2017_(remix).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/TAI_H%C3%BCrku%C5%9F_Advanced_Trainer_A-C_Bourget_2017_%28remix%29.jpg/235px-TAI_H%C3%BCrku%C5%9F_Advanced_Trainer_A-C_Bourget_2017_%28remix%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="235" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/TAI_H%C3%BCrku%C5%9F_Advanced_Trainer_A-C_Bourget_2017_%28remix%29.jpg/353px-TAI_H%C3%BCrku%C5%9F_Advanced_Trainer_A-C_Bourget_2017_%28remix%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/TAI_H%C3%BCrku%C5%9F_Advanced_Trainer_A-C_Bourget_2017_%28remix%29.jpg/470px-TAI_H%C3%BCrku%C5%9F_Advanced_Trainer_A-C_Bourget_2017_%28remix%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1168" data-file-height="774" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/TAI_H%C3%BCrku%C5%9F" title="TAI Hürkuş">TAI Hürkuş</a> completed its first flight on 29 August 2013</figcaption></figure> <p>Advanced basic trainer , which Hürkuş 2 newly developed model of the aircraft developed from the previous B variant is expected to enter the inventory after 2025. 55 aircraft was ordered.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="TAI_Hürjet"><span id="TAI_H.C3.BCrjet"></span>TAI Hürjet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: TAI Hürjet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TAI_H%C3%BCrjet_Teknofest2019_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/TAI_H%C3%BCrjet_Teknofest2019_%281%29.jpg/230px-TAI_H%C3%BCrjet_Teknofest2019_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/TAI_H%C3%BCrjet_Teknofest2019_%281%29.jpg/345px-TAI_H%C3%BCrjet_Teknofest2019_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/TAI_H%C3%BCrjet_Teknofest2019_%281%29.jpg/460px-TAI_H%C3%BCrjet_Teknofest2019_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4475" data-file-height="2963" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/TAI_H%C3%BCrjet" title="TAI Hürjet">TAI Hürjet</a> completed its first flight on 2023</figcaption></figure> <p>An advanced jet trainer named the <a href="/wiki/TAI_H%C3%BCrjet" title="TAI Hürjet">TAI Hürjet</a> is under development, and is planned to start replacing the <a href="/wiki/Northrop_T-38_Talon" title="Northrop T-38 Talon">T-38 Talon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canadair_CF-5" title="Canadair CF-5">CF5</a> by 2025.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prototype made its first flight on 25 April 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>4 Block 0 prototypes and 12 Block 1 mass production aircraft was ordered.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="TAI_TF_Kaan">TAI TF Kaan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: TAI TF Kaan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IMG-TAI-TFX.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/IMG-TAI-TFX.jpg/230px-IMG-TAI-TFX.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/IMG-TAI-TFX.jpg/345px-IMG-TAI-TFX.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/IMG-TAI-TFX.jpg/460px-IMG-TAI-TFX.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="2730" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/TAI_TF_Kaan" title="TAI TF Kaan">TAI TF Kaan</a> completed its first flight on 21 February 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-Aerotime_21.02.2024_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aerotime_21.02.2024-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>In December 2010, Turkey's <a href="/wiki/Undersecretariat_for_Defense_Industries" class="mw-redirect" title="Undersecretariat for Defense Industries">Undersecretariat for Defense Industries</a> signed an agreement with <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Aerospace_Industries" title="Turkish Aerospace Industries">TAI</a> for a <a href="/wiki/Fifth-generation_jet_fighter" class="mw-redirect" title="Fifth-generation jet fighter">fifth generation</a> <a href="/wiki/Fighter_aircraft" title="Fighter aircraft">fighter aircraft</a> to ultimately replace the F-16 Fighting Falcon.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2021, the Turkish Air Force made an official presentation of the <a href="/wiki/TAI_TF_Kaan" title="TAI TF Kaan">TF-X</a> program to the media, which later became known as the <a href="/wiki/TAI_TF_Kaan" title="TAI TF Kaan">TAI TF Kaan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The aircraft is designed and developed as a low-observable, twin-engine,<sup id="cite_ref-janes.com_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-janes.com-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> all-weather <a href="/wiki/Air_superiority_fighter" title="Air superiority fighter">air superiority fighter</a><sup id="cite_ref-JDW_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JDW-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by TAI and <a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems" title="BAE Systems">BAE Systems</a> as its sub-contractor.<sup id="cite_ref-BAE-Systems_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BAE-Systems-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rolls-royce_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rolls-royce-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The TAI TF Kaan is planned to complement and eventually replace the F-16s of the Turkish Air Force and to be exported to foreign nations.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The runway tests of the prototype began on 16 March 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-thedrive.com_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thedrive.com-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The aircraft's <a href="/wiki/Maiden_flight" title="Maiden flight">maiden flight</a> was successfully completed on 21 February 2024 and second flight was completed successfully on 6 May 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-AA_21.02.2024_EN_103-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AA_21.02.2024_EN-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TRT_World_21.02.2024_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TRT_World_21.02.2024-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b><big>C130J Super Hercules</big></b> </p><p>Turkey will procure 12 <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_C-130J_Super_Hercules" title="Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules">C-130J-30(C4) Super Hercules</a> transportation aircraft from <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">RAF</a> stocks.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b><big>A400M Atlas</big></b> </p><p>Turkey plans to procure 6 more <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A400M_Atlas" title="Airbus A400M Atlas">A400M Atlas</a> transportation aircraft from Spain.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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Force since its establishment.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1918-1923-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-1918-1923_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1918-1923_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1918-1923_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1918-1923_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1918-1923_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1918-1923_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1918-1923_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHv._K._K._Mebs" class="citation web cs1">Hv. K. K. Mebs. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150505145921/http://www.hvkk.tsk.tr/EN/IcerikDetay.aspx?ID=21">"1918-1923"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hvkk.tsk.tr/EN/IcerikDetay.aspx?ID=21">the original</a> on 5 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1918-1923&rft.au=Hv.+K.+K.+Mebs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hvkk.tsk.tr%2FEN%2FIcerikDetay.aspx%3FID%3D21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1944-1980_TR-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1944-1980_TR_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hvkk.tsk.tr/TR/IcerikDetay.aspx?ID=23">"1944-1980" in the official website of the Turkish Air Force</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110426174749/http://www.hvkk.tsk.tr/TR/IcerikDetay.aspx?ID=23">Archived</a> 2011-04-26 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Turkish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>1949 Temmuzunda Türk Silâhlı Kuvvetleri yeniden örgütlendirilerek, Genelkurmay Başkanlığına bağlı Kara, Deniz, Hava Kuvvetleri kuruldu.</i>, <a href="/wiki/General_Staff_of_the_Republic_of_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="General Staff of the Republic of Turkey">Genelkurmay Başkanlığı</a>, <i>Türk Tarihi, Silahlı Kuvvetleri ve Atatürkçülük</i>, Genelkurmay Başkanlığı, 1973, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vI1EAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Kara,+Deniz,+Hava+Kuvvetleri+kuruldu%22">p. 65.</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Turkish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.soloturk.tsk.tr/Custom/SoloTurk/157#:~:text=SOLOTÜRK'ün%20üzerinde%2C%20tarih%20boyunca,yapılandırılmış%20bir%20ayrıntısı%20yer%20almaktadır.">"SOLOTÜRK Tasarımının Öyküsü"</a> [SOLOTÜRK Tasarımının Öyküsü] (in Turkish). <a href="/wiki/SoloT%C3%BCrk" title="SoloTürk">SoloTürk</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SOLOT%C3%9CRK+Tasar%C4%B1m%C4%B1n%C4%B1n+%C3%96yk%C3%BCs%C3%BC&rft.pub=SoloT%C3%BCrk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.soloturk.tsk.tr%2FCustom%2FSoloTurk%2F157%23%3A~%3Atext%3DSOLOT%C3%9CRK%27%C3%BCn%2520%C3%BCzerinde%252C%2520tarih%2520boyunca%2Cyap%C4%B1land%C4%B1r%C4%B1lm%C4%B1%C5%9F%2520bir%2520ayr%C4%B1nt%C4%B1s%C4%B1%2520yer%2520almaktad%C4%B1r.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kokpit.aero/hava-kuvvetleri-yuzucuncu-yasini-kutluyor">"Bugün Hava Kuvvetleri'nin kuruluş yıldönümü!"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006114030/http://kokpit.aero/hava-kuvvetleri-yuzucuncu-yasini-kutluyor">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bug%C3%BCn+Hava+Kuvvetleri%27nin+kurulu%C5%9F+y%C4%B1ld%C3%B6n%C3%BCm%C3%BC%21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkokpit.aero%2Fhava-kuvvetleri-yuzucuncu-yasini-kutluyor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:2_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHv._K._K._Mebs" class="citation web cs1">Hv. K. K. Mebs. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111007104345/http://www.hvkk.tsk.tr/EN/IcerikDetay.aspx?ID=19">"The First Establishment and the Early Years"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hvkk.tsk.tr/EN/IcerikDetay.aspx?ID=19">the original</a> on 7 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+First+Establishment+and+the+Early+Years&rft.au=Hv.+K.+K.+Mebs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hvkk.tsk.tr%2FEN%2FIcerikDetay.aspx%3FID%3D19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Economist Intelligence Unit:Turkey, p.22 (2005)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-habermonitor.com-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-habermonitor.com_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.habermonitor.com/en/haber/detay/turkey-terrific-fighter-jet-project/89117/">"Turkey terrific fighter jet project"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141225011416/http://www.habermonitor.com/en/haber/detay/turkey-terrific-fighter-jet-project/89117/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turkey+terrific+fighter+jet+project&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.habermonitor.com%2Fen%2Fhaber%2Fdetay%2Fturkey-terrific-fighter-jet-project%2F89117%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IISS1-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IISS1_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS1_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFInternational_Institute_for_Strategic_Studies2023" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/International_Institute_for_Strategic_Studies" title="International Institute for Strategic Studies">International Institute for Strategic Studies</a> (15 February 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iiss.org/publications/the-military-balance/the-military-balance-2023"><i>The Military Balance 2023</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781032508955" title="Special:BookSources/9781032508955"><bdi>9781032508955</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Military+Balance+2023&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2023-02-15&rft.isbn=9781032508955&rft.au=International+Institute+for+Strategic+Studies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iiss.org%2Fpublications%2Fthe-military-balance%2Fthe-military-balance-2023&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMark_Johnson2014" class="citation book cs1">Mark Johnson (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9DIRBQAAQBAJ&dq=Ahmet+Ali&pg=PT42"><i>Caribbean Volunteers at War: The Forgotten Story of the RAF's 'Tuskegee Airmen'<span></span></i></a>. Pen and Sword. p. 42. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4738-3487-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4738-3487-3"><bdi>978-1-4738-3487-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Caribbean+Volunteers+at+War%3A+The+Forgotten+Story+of+the+RAF%27s+%27Tuskegee+Airmen%27&rft.pages=42&rft.pub=Pen+and+Sword&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-4738-3487-3&rft.au=Mark+Johnson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9DIRBQAAQBAJ%26dq%3DAhmet%2BAli%26pg%3DPT42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-First_Female_Combat_Pilot-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-First_Female_Combat_Pilot_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/first-female-combat-pilot">"First Female Combat Pilot"</a>. <i>Guinness World Records Official Web Site</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Guinness+World+Records+Official+Web+Site&rft.atitle=First+Female+Combat+Pilot&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guinnessworldrecords.com%2Fworld-records%2Ffirst-female-combat-pilot&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://repository.bilkent.edu.tr/handle/11693/51518">"NATO's and Turkey's First Female Jet Pilot: Leman Altınçekiç"</a>. <i>Bilkent University Institutional Repository</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bilkent+University+Institutional+Repository&rft.atitle=NATO%27s+and+Turkey%27s+First+Female+Jet+Pilot%3A+Leman+Alt%C4%B1n%C3%A7eki%C3%A7&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frepository.bilkent.edu.tr%2Fhandle%2F11693%2F51518&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.trthaber.com/haber/yasam/natonun-ilk-kadin-jet-pilotu-leman-bozkurt-altincekic-578181.html">"NATO'nun ilk kadın jet pilotu: Leman Bozkurt Altınçekiç"</a>. <i>TRT Haber</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TRT+Haber&rft.atitle=NATO%27nun+ilk+kad%C4%B1n+jet+pilotu%3A+Leman+Bozkurt+Alt%C4%B1n%C3%A7eki%C3%A7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.trthaber.com%2Fhaber%2Fyasam%2Fnatonun-ilk-kadin-jet-pilotu-leman-bozkurt-altincekic-578181.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ataturkansiklopedisi.gov.tr/bilgi/ataturk-donemi-turk-hava-kuvvetleri/">"Atatürk Dönemi Türk Hava Kuvvetleri"</a>. <i>Atatürk Ansiklopedisi</i> (in Turkish). 17 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Atat%C3%BCrk+Ansiklopedisi&rft.atitle=Atat%C3%BCrk+D%C3%B6nemi+T%C3%BCrk+Hava+Kuvvetleri&rft.date=2022-10-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fataturkansiklopedisi.gov.tr%2Fbilgi%2Fataturk-donemi-turk-hava-kuvvetleri%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131207125505/http://www.turkeyswar.com/aviation.html">"Turkey in the First World War - Story of Turkish Aviation"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turkeyswar.com/aviation.html">the original</a> on 7 December 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turkey+in+the+First+World+War+-+Story+of+Turkish+Aviation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.turkeyswar.com%2Faviation.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OlsonR-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OlsonR_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OlsonR_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OlsonR_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OlsonR_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlson2000" class="citation journal cs1">Olson, Robert (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1571104">"The Kurdish Rebellions of Sheikh Said (1925), Mt. Ararat (1930), and Dersim (1937-8): Their Impact on the Development of the Turkish Air Force and on Kurdish and Turkish Nationalism"</a>. <i>Die Welt des Islams</i>. <b>40</b> (1): 67–94. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1570060001569893">10.1163/1570060001569893</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0043-2539">0043-2539</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1571104">1571104</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Die+Welt+des+Islams&rft.atitle=The+Kurdish+Rebellions+of+Sheikh+Said+%281925%29%2C+Mt.+Ararat+%281930%29%2C+and+Dersim+%281937-8%29%3A+Their+Impact+on+the+Development+of+the+Turkish+Air+Force+and+on+Kurdish+and+Turkish+Nationalism&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=67-94&rft.date=2000&rft.issn=0043-2539&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1571104%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F1570060001569893&rft.aulast=Olson&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1571104&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130611115108/http://www.turkeyswar.com/aviation_index.html">"Turkey in the First World War - Aviation"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turkeyswar.com/aviation_index.html">the original</a> on 11 June 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turkey+in+the+First+World+War+-+Aviation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.turkeyswar.com%2Faviation_index.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130611060628/http://www.turkeyswar.com/aircraft.html">"Turkey in the First World War - Turkish Aircraft"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turkeyswar.com/aircraft.html">the original</a> on 11 June 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turkey+in+the+First+World+War+-+Turkish+Aircraft&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.turkeyswar.com%2Faircraft.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Utkan Kocatürk, <i>Atatürk ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti tarihi kronolojisi, 1918–1938</i>, Türk Tarîh Kurumu Basımevi, 1983, p. 674.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1923-1944-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-1923-1944_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1923-1944_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1923-1944_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1923-1944_22-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1923-1944_22-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1923-1944_22-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1923-1944_22-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1923-1944_22-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1923-1944_22-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1923-1944_22-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1923-1944_22-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHv._K._K._Mebs" class="citation web cs1">Hv. K. K. Mebs. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141007220754/http://www.hvkk.tsk.tr/EN/IcerikDetay.aspx?ID=22">"1923-1944"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hvkk.tsk.tr/EN/IcerikDetay.aspx?ID=22">the original</a> on 7 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1923-1944&rft.au=Hv.+K.+K.+Mebs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hvkk.tsk.tr%2FEN%2FIcerikDetay.aspx%3FID%3D22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlson1989" class="citation book cs1">Olson, Robert (1989). <i>The Emergence of Kurdish Nationalism and the Sheikh Said Rebellion, 1880–1925</i>. 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K. K. Mebs. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141007151256/http://www.hvkk.tsk.tr/EN/IcerikDetay.aspx?ID=23">"1944-1980"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hvkk.tsk.tr/EN/IcerikDetay.aspx?ID=23">the original</a> on 7 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1944-1980&rft.au=Hv.+K.+K.+Mebs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hvkk.tsk.tr%2FEN%2FIcerikDetay.aspx%3FID%3D23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110817081907/http://www.tekok.edu.tr/">"official website of the Air Technical Schools Command"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tekok.edu.tr/">the original</a> on 17 August 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=official+website+of+the+Air+Technical+Schools+Command&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tekok.edu.tr%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mehmet Özel, <i>2000'li Yıllara Girerken Türk Ordusu</i>, Kültür Bakanlığı, 2000, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-975-17-2226-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-975-17-2226-3">978-975-17-2226-3</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P38-AQAAIAAJ&q=%22Hava+Harp+Okulu%22+1951">p. 198.</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Turkish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-F-4-TUAF-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-F-4-TUAF_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-F-4-TUAF_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-F-4-TUAF_27-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-F-4-TUAF_27-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-F-4-TUAF_27-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-F-4-TUAF_27-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.savunmasanayist.com/turkiye-f-4leri-neden-emekli-etmiyor/">"Türkiye F-4'leri neden emekli etmiyor?"</a>. <i>savunmasanayist.com</i>. SavunmaSanayiST. 5 February 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=savunmasanayist.com&rft.atitle=T%C3%BCrkiye+F-4%27leri+neden+emekli+etmiyor%3F&rft.date=2019-02-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.savunmasanayist.com%2Fturkiye-f-4leri-neden-emekli-etmiyor%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-F-4-Terminator-2020-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-F-4-Terminator-2020_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-F-4-Terminator-2020_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.savunmasanayist.com/f-4e-phantom-ii-ve-terminator-2020-modernizasyonu/">"F-4E Phantom II ve Terminator 2020 Modernizasyonu"</a>. <i>SavunmaSanayiST</i>. 6 August 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SavunmaSanayiST&rft.atitle=F-4E+Phantom+II+ve+Terminator+2020+Modernizasyonu&rft.date=2020-08-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.savunmasanayist.com%2Ff-4e-phantom-ii-ve-terminator-2020-modernizasyonu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-F-16-TUAF-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-F-16-TUAF_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-F-16-TUAF_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-F-16-TUAF_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.f-16.net/f-16_users_article21.html">"Turkish Air Force - TUAF"</a>. <i>www.f-16.net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.f-16.net&rft.atitle=Turkish+Air+Force+-+TUAF&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.f-16.net%2Ff-16_users_article21.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-18561219">"BBC News - Syrian military says it downed Turkish fighter jet"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 23 June 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141003204913/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-18561219">Archived</a> from the original on 3 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=BBC+News+-+Syrian+military+says+it+downed+Turkish+fighter+jet&rft.date=2012-06-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-18561219&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2012/7/4/turkey-locates-bodies-of-downed-jet-pilots">"Turkey locates bodies of downed jet pilots"</a>. Al Jazeera. 4 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turkey+locates+bodies+of+downed+jet+pilots&rft.pub=Al+Jazeera&rft.date=2012-07-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2012%2F7%2F4%2Fturkey-locates-bodies-of-downed-jet-pilots&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.f-16.net/f-16-news-article4844.html">"Turkish F-16 shoots down a Syrian MiG-23"</a>. <i>www.f-16.net</i>. 23 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.f-16.net&rft.atitle=Turkish+F-16+shoots+down+a+Syrian+MiG-23&rft.date=2014-03-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.f-16.net%2Ff-16-news-article4844.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bigstory.ap.org/article/heavy-clashes-syria-near-turkish-border">"Turkish jet downs Syrian warplane near border"</a>. <i>The Big Story</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141031231249/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/heavy-clashes-syria-near-turkish-border">Archived</a> from the original on 31 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Big+Story&rft.atitle=Turkish+jet+downs+Syrian+warplane+near+border&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbigstory.ap.org%2Farticle%2Fheavy-clashes-syria-near-turkish-border&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.news.com.au/technology/innovation/military/russia-vs-turkey-a-new-cold-war/news-story/5b0b9f73ffdfcbe04d4c2f7588a9ef78">"Is this start of a wider war?"</a>. <i>NewsComAu</i>. 25 November 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151126014655/http://www.news.com.au/technology/innovation/military/russia-vs-turkey-a-new-cold-war/news-story/5b0b9f73ffdfcbe04d4c2f7588a9ef78">Archived</a> from the original on 26 November 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NewsComAu&rft.atitle=Is+this+start+of+a+wider+war%3F&rft.date=2015-11-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.news.com.au%2Ftechnology%2Finnovation%2Fmilitary%2Frussia-vs-turkey-a-new-cold-war%2Fnews-story%2F5b0b9f73ffdfcbe04d4c2f7588a9ef78&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2015/11/24/opinions/ghitis-russia-jet-shot-down/index.html">"How is this not World War III?"</a>. <i>CNN</i>. 24 November 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151125040104/http://www.cnn.com/2015/11/24/opinions/ghitis-russia-jet-shot-down/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 November 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=How+is+this+not+World+War+III%3F&rft.date=2015-11-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2015%2F11%2F24%2Fopinions%2Fghitis-russia-jet-shot-down%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-National_Post-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-National_Post_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.nationalpost.com/news/turkey-blasts-russian-warplane-out-of-the-sky-says-jet-violated-its-airspace-pilots-fate-unclear">"Syrian rebels fired on parachuting Russian pilots, killing at least one after Turkey shot down warplane: official"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/National_Post" title="National Post">National Post</a></i>. 25 November 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Post&rft.atitle=Syrian+rebels+fired+on+parachuting+Russian+pilots%2C+killing+at+least+one+after+Turkey+shot+down+warplane%3A+official&rft.date=2015-11-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.nationalpost.com%2Fnews%2Fturkey-blasts-russian-warplane-out-of-the-sky-says-jet-violated-its-airspace-pilots-fate-unclear&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuhnBlack2016" class="citation news cs1">Luhn, Alec; Black, Ian (27 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jun/27/kremlin-says-erdogan-apologises-russian-jet-turkish">"Erdoğan has apologised for downing of Russian jet, Kremlin says"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Erdo%C4%9Fan+has+apologised+for+downing+of+Russian+jet%2C+Kremlin+says&rft.date=2016-06-27&rft.aulast=Luhn&rft.aufirst=Alec&rft.au=Black%2C+Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2016%2Fjun%2F27%2Fkremlin-says-erdogan-apologises-russian-jet-turkish&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jfcnaples.nato.int/page11122031/2013/nato-deactivates-allied-air-command-izmir-headquarters--turkey.aspx">"NATO deactivates Allied Air Command Izmir"</a>. NATO. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140714154929/http://www.jfcnaples.nato.int/page11122031/2013/nato-deactivates-allied-air-command-izmir-headquarters--turkey.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 14 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NATO+deactivates+Allied+Air+Command+Izmir&rft.pub=NATO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jfcnaples.nato.int%2Fpage11122031%2F2013%2Fnato-deactivates-allied-air-command-izmir-headquarters--turkey.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/0,1518,618550,00.html">"Yankee Bombs Go Home: Foreign Minister Wants US Nukes out of Germany"</a>. <i>Spiegel Online</i>. Hamburg, Germany. 10 April 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120214122303/http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/0%2C1518%2C618550%2C00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Spiegel+Online&rft.atitle=Yankee+Bombs+Go+Home%3A+Foreign+Minister+Wants+US+Nukes+out+of+Germany&rft.date=2009-04-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Finternational%2Fgermany%2F0%2C1518%2C618550%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nrdc.org/nuclear/euro/euro_pt1.pdf">"NRDC: U.S. Nuclear Weapons in Europe • Hans M. Kristensen / Natural Resources Defense Council, 2005"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>nrdc.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110101060355/http://www.nrdc.org/nuclear/euro/euro_pt1.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 1 January 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 June</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nrdc.org&rft.atitle=NRDC%3A+U.S.+Nuclear+Weapons+in+Europe+%E2%80%A2+Hans+M.+Kristensen+%2F+Natural+Resources+Defense+Council%2C+2005.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nrdc.org%2Fnuclear%2Feuro%2Feuro_pt1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-f16art21-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-f16art21_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-f16art21_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.f-16.net/f-16_users_article21.html">"F-16.net: Turkish Air Force"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080124133145/http://www.f-16.net/f-16_users_article21.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 January 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 February</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=F-16.net%3A+Turkish+Air+Force&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.f-16.net%2Ff-16_users_article21.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-reuters-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-reuters_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/tnBasicIndustries-SP/idUSL114958220070511">"Turkey signs $1.78 bln deal to buy warplanes"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 11 May 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090608074607/http://www.reuters.com/article/tnBasicIndustries-SP/idUSL114958220070511">Archived</a> from the original on 8 June 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Turkey+signs+%241.78+bln+deal+to+buy+warplanes&rft.date=2007-05-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FtnBasicIndustries-SP%2FidUSL114958220070511&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-f16art2325-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-f16art2325_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.f-16.net/news_article2325.html">"Turkey signs contract to buy 30 F-16 block 50+ jets"</a>. <i>F-16.net</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092746/http://www.f-16.net/news_article2325.html">Archived</a> from the original on 29 September 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 September</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=F-16.net&rft.atitle=Turkey+signs+contract+to+buy+30+F-16+block+50%2B+jets&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.f-16.net%2Fnews_article2325.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-defind-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-defind_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/2005/05/11b-to-upgrade-turkish-f16-fleet/index.php">"$1.1B to Upgrade Turkish F-16 fleet"</a>. <i>Defense Industry Daily</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070204044121/http://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/2005/05/11b-to-upgrade-turkish-f16-fleet/index.php">Archived</a> from the original on 4 February 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 December</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Defense+Industry+Daily&rft.atitle=%241.1B+to+Upgrade+Turkish+F-16+fleet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defenseindustrydaily.com%2F2005%2F05%2F11b-to-upgrade-turkish-f16-fleet%2Findex.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.defensenews.com/training-sim/2015/04/12/turkey-receives-last-upgraded-f-16/">"Turkey Receives Last Upgraded F-16"</a>. <i>Defense News</i>. 12 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Defense+News&rft.atitle=Turkey+Receives+Last+Upgraded+F-16&rft.date=2015-04-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.defensenews.com%2Ftraining-sim%2F2015%2F04%2F12%2Fturkey-receives-last-upgraded-f-16%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tusas.com.tr/en_menu.aspx?menu_id=5&img=tai_ana_ust-program.swf">"Turkish Aerospace Industries: Programs"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080227020545/http://www.tusas.com.tr/en_menu.aspx?menu_id=5&img=tai_ana_ust-program.swf">Archived</a> from the original on 27 February 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turkish+Aerospace+Industries%3A+Programs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tusas.com.tr%2Fen_menu.aspx%3Fmenu_id%3D5%26img%3Dtai_ana_ust-program.swf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/global-news-2015/january-2015-air-force-military-aviation-defence-industry-news/1408-turkey-plans-to-purchase-four-more-f-35-jet-fighters-and-five-ch-47f-transport-helicopters.html">"Turkey plans to purchase four more F-35 jet fighters and five CH-47F transport helicopters"</a>. 8 January 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150522023108/http://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/global-news-2015/january-2015-air-force-military-aviation-defence-industry-news/1408-turkey-plans-to-purchase-four-more-f-35-jet-fighters-and-five-ch-47f-transport-helicopters.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turkey+plans+to+purchase+four+more+F-35+jet+fighters+and+five+CH-47F+transport+helicopters&rft.date=2015-01-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.airrecognition.com%2Findex.php%2Farchive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry%2Fglobal-news-2015%2Fjanuary-2015-air-force-military-aviation-defence-industry-news%2F1408-turkey-plans-to-purchase-four-more-f-35-jet-fighters-and-five-ch-47f-transport-helicopters.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TDP-21.06.18-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TDP-21.06.18_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TDP-21.06.18_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFergus_Kelly2018" class="citation web cs1">Fergus Kelly (21 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedefensepost.com/2018/06/21/turkey-f-35-lockheed-roll-out/">"Turkey receives F-35s from Lockheed, despite US Senate ban"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=First+F-35%27s+delivered+to+Turkish+Air+Force+in+ceremony%2C+defense+capabilities+upgraded&rft.pub=Daily+Sabah&rft.date=2018-06-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailysabah.com%2Fdefense%2F2018%2F06%2F21%2Ffirst-f-35s-delivered-to-turkish-air-force-in-ceremony-defense-capabilities-upgraded&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-turkey-f35-arizona-idUSKCN1RG242">"Turkish F-35 delivered to training base in Arizona, official says"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 4 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.todayszaman.com/news-118614-tai-ships-first-body-parts-of-a400m-planes.html">the original</a> on 25 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.defenceturkey.com&rft.atitle=An+Overview+of+Fixed+Wing+Air+Platform+Procurement+%26+Modernization+Programs+of+the+Turkish+Air+Force&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.defenceturkey.com%2Ftr%2Ficerik%2Fan-overview-of-fixed-wing-air-platform-procurement-modernization-programs-of-the-turkish-air-force-6035&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorganBurnet1981–1982" class="citation journal cs1">Morgan, Eric B. & Burnet, Charles (December 1981 – March 1982). "Walrus... Amphibious Angel of Mercy". <i>Air Enthusiast</i> (17): 13–25. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0143-5450">0143-5450</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Air+Enthusiast&rft.atitle=Walrus...+Amphibious+Angel+of+Mercy&rft.issue=17&rft.pages=13-25&rft.date=1981-12%2F1982-03&rft.issn=0143-5450&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=Eric+B.&rft.au=Burnet%2C+Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Air_Force&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/about/copyright-and-contributors/">public domain material</a> from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/"><i>The World Factbook</i></a> (2024 ed.). <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.edition=2024&rft.pub=CIA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkish+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/about/archives/download/factbook-2004.zip">(Archived 2004 edition.)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100506004852/http://www.tsk.tr/eng/index.htm">Official Turkish Armed Forces Website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110424122244/http://www.hvkk.tsk.tr/EN/Index.aspx">Official Turkish Air Force Website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100401200503/http://www.faa.itu.edu.tr/">Istanbul Technical University Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.silverhawkauthor.com/post/turkey-warplanes-of-the-second-world-war-preserved">Details about TAF aircraft of the Second World War</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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.hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Turkish_Armed_Forces" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Military_of_Turkey" title="Template:Military of Turkey"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Military_of_Turkey" title="Template talk:Military of Turkey"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Military_of_Turkey" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Military of Turkey"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Turkish_Armed_Forces" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="Turkish Armed Forces">Turkish Armed Forces</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Turkey" title="President of Turkey">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Defense_(Turkey)" title="Ministry of National Defense (Turkey)">Ministry of Defense</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ministers_of_National_Defense_of_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Ministers of National Defense of Turkey">Minister</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Staff_of_the_Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="General Staff of the Turkish Armed Forces">General Staff</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_Turkish_General_Staff" title="Chief of the Turkish General Staff">Chief</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Defense_(Turkey)" title="Ministry of National Defense (Turkey)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/MSB-Logo.png/100px-MSB-Logo.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/MSB-Logo.png/150px-MSB-Logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/MSB-Logo.png/200px-MSB-Logo.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Turkey" title="Military history of Turkey">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Turkey" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of Turkey">Awards and emblems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Staff_Building_(Ankara)" title="General Staff Building (Ankara)">General Staff Building (Ankara)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_budget_of_Turkey" title="Military budget of Turkey">Military budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_war_crimes" title="Turkish war crimes">War crimes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Field armies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Army_(Turkey)" title="First Army (Turkey)">First Army Command</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Selimiye_Barracks" title="Selimiye Barracks">HQ</a>: <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commanders_of_the_First_Army_of_Turkey" title="List of commanders of the First Army of Turkey">Commanders</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Army_(Turkey)" title="Second Army (Turkey)">Second Army Command</a> <ul><li>HQ: <a href="/wiki/Malatya" title="Malatya">Malatya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commanders_of_the_Second_Army_of_Turkey" title="List of commanders of the Second Army of Turkey">Commanders</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Army_(Turkey)" title="Third Army (Turkey)">Third Army Command</a> <ul><li>HQ: <a href="/wiki/Erzincan" title="Erzincan">Erzincan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commanders_of_the_Third_Army_of_Turkey" title="List of commanders of the Third Army of Turkey">Commanders</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegean_Army" title="Aegean Army">Aegean Army Command</a> <ul><li>HQ: <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0zmir" title="İzmir">İzmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commanders_of_the_Aegean_Army" title="List of commanders of the Aegean Army">Commanders</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Land_Forces" title="Turkish Land Forces">Army</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commanders_of_the_Turkish_Land_Forces" title="List of commanders of the Turkish Land Forces">Commanders</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Naval_Forces" title="Turkish Naval Forces">Navy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commanders_of_the_Turkish_Naval_Forces" title="List of commanders of the Turkish Naval Forces">Commanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_Marine_Brigade_(Turkish_Armed_Forces)" title="Amphibious Marine Brigade (Turkish Armed Forces)">Amphibious Marine Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwater_Offence_(Turkish_Armed_Forces)" title="Underwater Offence (Turkish Armed Forces)">Underwater Offence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwater_Defence_(Turkish_Armed_Forces)" title="Underwater Defence (Turkish Armed Forces)">Underwater Defence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Air Force</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commanders_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force" title="List of commanders of the Turkish Air Force">Commanders</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Forces_Command_(Turkey)" title="Special Forces Command (Turkey)">Special Forces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commanders_of_the_Special_Forces_of_the_Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="List of commanders of the Special Forces of the Turkish Armed Forces">Commanders</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Internal security</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_Turkish_Peace_Force_Command" title="Cyprus Turkish Peace Force Command">Turkish forces in Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Turkish_Armed_Forces_operations_in_Northern_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Turkish Armed Forces operations in Northern Iraq">Turkish operations in Northern Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_occupation_of_northern_Syria" title="Turkish occupation of northern Syria">Turkish occupation of northern Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_of_Mapping" title="General Directorate of Mapping">General Directorate of Mapping</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Military_equipment_of_Turkey" title="Military equipment of Turkey">Equipment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_Turkish_Land_Forces" title="List of equipment of the Turkish Land Forces">Land Forces equipment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_ships_of_the_Turkish_Navy" title="Lists of ships of the Turkish Navy">Navy ships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_aircraft_of_the_Turkish_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="List of active aircraft of the Turkish Air Force">Air Force aircraft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Defense_University_(Turkey)" title="National Defense University (Turkey)">National Defence University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Military_Academy" title="Turkish Military Academy">Military Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Naval_Academy" title="Turkish Naval Academy">Naval Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Air_Force_Academy" title="Turkish Air Force Academy">Air Force Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_NCO_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military NCO School (page does not exist)">Military NCO School</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naval_NCO_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naval NCO School (page does not exist)">Naval NCO School</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_NCO_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Air Force NCO School (page does not exist)">Air Force NCO School</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_Band_NCO_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military Band NCO School (page does not exist)">Military Band NCO School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/32px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/48px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/64px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Turkey" title="Portal:Turkey">Turkey portal</a></b> • <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Turkey" title="Category:Turkey">Category</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Allied_Air_Command" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Allied_Air_Command" title="Template:Allied Air Command"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Allied_Air_Command" title="Template talk:Allied Air Command"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Allied_Air_Command" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Allied Air Command"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Allied_Air_Command" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Allied_Air_Command" title="Allied Air Command">Allied Air Command</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">structure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Combined_Air_Operations_Centre" title="Combined Air Operations Centre">Combined Air Operations Centre</a></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Allied_Air_Command.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of the Allied Air Command"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Allied_Air_Command.svg/80px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Allied_Air_Command.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Allied_Air_Command.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Allied_Air_Command.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Allied_Air_Command.svg/160px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Allied_Air_Command.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="302" data-file-height="432" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Air_force" title="Air force">air</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Space_force" title="Space force">space<br />forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania"><img alt="Albania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/21px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/32px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/42px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Albanian_Air_Force" title="Albanian Air Force">Albanian Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Belgian_Air_Component" title="Belgian Air Component">Belgian Air Component</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Air_Force" title="Bulgarian Air Force">Bulgarian Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Air_Force" title="Royal Canadian Air Force">Royal Canadian Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Air_Force" title="Croatian Air Force">Croatian Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Czech_Air_Force" title="Czech Air Force">Czech Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Danish_Air_Force" title="Royal Danish Air Force">Royal Danish Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Air_Force" title="Estonian Air Force">Estonian Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Air_Force" title="Finnish Air Force">Finnish Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/French_Air_and_Space_Force" title="French Air and Space Force">French Air and Space Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/German_Air_Force" title="German Air Force">German Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Air_Force" title="Hellenic Air Force">Hellenic Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Air_Force" title="Hungarian Air Force">Hungarian Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Italian_Air_Force" title="Italian Air Force">Italian Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Latvian_Air_Force" title="Latvian Air Force">Latvian Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Air_Force" title="Lithuanian Air Force">Lithuanian Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro"><img alt="Montenegro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/35px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/46px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_Air_Force" title="Montenegrin Air Force">Montenegrin Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_Air_Force" title="Royal Netherlands Air Force">Royal Netherlands Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia"><img alt="North Macedonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia_Air_Brigade" title="North Macedonia Air Brigade">North Macedonia Air Brigade</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Norwegian_Air_Force" title="Royal Norwegian Air Force">Royal Norwegian Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Polish_Air_Force" title="Polish Air Force">Polish Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Air_Force" title="Portuguese Air Force">Portuguese Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Romanian_Air_Force" title="Romanian Air Force">Romanian Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Slovak_Air_Force" title="Slovak Air Force">Slovak Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Air_Force_and_Air_Defence" title="Slovenian Air Force and Air Defence">Slovenian Air Force and Air Defence</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Air_and_Space_Force" title="Spanish Air and Space Force">Spanish Air and Space Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Air_Force" title="Swedish Air Force">Swedish Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Turkish Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Force" title="United States Space Force">United States Space Force</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Air_Forces_in_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asian_topic" title="Template:Asian topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asian_topic" title="Template talk:Asian topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asian_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asian topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Air_Forces_in_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Air Forces in Asia</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_Air_Force" title="Afghan Air Force">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Air_Force" title="Armenian Air Force">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Azerbaijani Air Force">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahraini_Air_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahraini Air Force (page does not exist)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladeshi Air Force">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bhutanese_Air_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bhutanese Air Force (page does not exist)">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruneian_Air_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bruneian Air Force (page does not exist)">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Burmese Air Force">Burma (Myanmar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambodian Air Force">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Air Force">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypriot_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Cypriot Air Force">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timorese_Air_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="East Timorese Air Force (page does not exist)">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Air_Force" title="Egyptian Air Force">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Air_Force" title="Georgian Air Force">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Air_Force" title="Indian Air Force">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Air_Force" title="Indonesian Air Force">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Republic_of_Iran_Air_Force" title="Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Air_Force" title="Iraqi Air Force">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_Air_Force" title="Israeli Air Force">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Air_Self-Defense_Force" title="Japan Air Self-Defense Force">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Jordanian Air Force">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Kazakh Air Force">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korean_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="North Korean Air Force">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korean_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="South Korean Air Force">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwaiti_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuwaiti Air Force">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_Air_Force" title="Kyrgyz Air Force">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laotian_Air_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laotian Air Force (page does not exist)">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Air_Force" title="Lebanese Air Force">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaysian Air Force">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maldivian_Air_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maldivian Air Force (page does not exist)">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Air_Force" title="Mongolian Air Force">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nepalese_Air_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nepalese Air Force (page does not exist)">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omani_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Omani Air Force">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistani Air Force">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Air_Force" title="Philippine Air Force">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatari_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Qatari Air Force">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Air_Force" title="Russian Air Force">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi Arabian Air Force">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singaporean_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Singaporean Air Force">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Lankan Air Force">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Air_Force" title="Syrian Air Force">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_Air_Force" title="Tajik Air Force">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Thai Air Force">Thailand</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_Air_Force" title="Turkmen Air Force">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emirati_Air_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emirati Air Force (page does not exist)">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Uzbek Air Force">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Vietnamese Air Force">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_Air_Force" title="Yemeni Air Force">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">States with limited<br />recognition</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhaz_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Abkhaz Air Force">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish Cypriot Air Force">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian Air Force">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Ossetian_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="South Ossetian Air Force">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese Air Force">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Air_forces_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Air_forces_in_Europe" title="Template:Air forces in Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Air_forces_in_Europe" title="Template talk:Air forces in Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Air_forces_in_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Air forces in Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Air_forces_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Air_force" title="Air force">Air forces</a> in Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Air_Force" title="Albanian Air Force">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Air_Force" title="Armenian Air Force">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Air_Force" title="Austrian Air Force">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_Air_Forces" title="Azerbaijani Air Forces">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Air_Force" title="Belarusian Air Force">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Air_Component" title="Belgian Air Component">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_and_Anti-Aircraft_Defence_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Air Force and Anti-Aircraft Defence of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Air_Force" title="Bulgarian Air Force">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Air_Force" title="Croatian Air Force">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_Air_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyprus Air Forces">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Air_Force" title="Czech Air Force">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Danish_Air_Force" title="Royal Danish Air Force">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Air_Force" title="Estonian Air Force">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Air_Force" title="Finnish Air Force">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Air_and_Space_Force" title="French Air and Space Force">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Air_Force" title="Georgian Air Force">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Air_Force" title="German Air Force">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Air_Force" title="Hellenic Air Force">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Air_Force" title="Hungarian Air Force">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Air_Corps" title="Irish Air Corps">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Air_Force" title="Italian Air Force">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Air_Defense_Forces" title="Kazakh Air Defense Forces">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Air_Force" title="Latvian Air Force">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Air_Force" title="Lithuanian Air Force">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Wing_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Malta" title="Air Wing of the Armed Forces of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldovan_Air_Force" title="Moldovan Air Force">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_Air_Force" title="Montenegrin Air Force">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_Air_Force" title="Royal Netherlands Air Force">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia_Air_Brigade" title="North Macedonia Air Brigade">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Norwegian_Air_Force" title="Royal Norwegian Air Force">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Air_Force" title="Polish Air Force">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Air_Force" title="Portuguese Air Force">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Air_Force" title="Romanian Air Force">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Air_Force" title="Russian Air Force">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Air_Force_and_Air_Defence" title="Serbian Air Force and Air Defence">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Air_Force" title="Slovak Air Force">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Air_Force_and_Air_Defence" title="Slovenian Air Force and Air Defence">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Air_and_Space_Force" title="Spanish Air and Space Force">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Air_Force" title="Swedish Air Force">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Air_Force" title="Swiss Air Force">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Air_Force" title="Ukrainian Air Force">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited<br />recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazian_Air_Force" title="Abkhazian Air Force">Abkhazia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_sovereign_states" title="List of former sovereign states">Historical states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Aviation_Troops" title="Austro-Hungarian Aviation Troops">Austria-Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_Air_Force" title="Czechoslovak Air Force">Czechoslovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Forces_of_the_National_People%27s_Army" title="Air Forces of the National People's Army">East Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luftstreitkr%C3%A4fte" title="Luftstreitkräfte">German Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe" title="Luftwaffe">Nazi Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Aviation_Squadrons" title="Ottoman Aviation Squadrons">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republika_Srpska_Air_Force" title="Republika Srpska Air Force">Republika Srpska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russian_Air_Service" title="Imperial Russian Air Service">Russian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro" title="Air Force of Serbia and Montenegro">Serbia and Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Air_Forces" title="Soviet Air Forces">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Air_Force" title="Yugoslav Air Force">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="List_of_air_forces" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Air_forces" title="Template:Air forces"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Air_forces" title="Template talk:Air forces"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Air_forces" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Air forces"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="List_of_air_forces" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_air_forces" title="List of air forces">List of</a> <a href="/wiki/Air_force" title="Air force">air forces</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazian_Air_Force" title="Abkhazian Air Force">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_Air_Force" title="Afghan Air Force">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Air_Force" title="Albanian Air Force">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_Air_Force" title="Algerian Air Force">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Air_Force_of_Angola" title="National Air Force of Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda_Defence_Force_Air_Wing" title="Antigua and Barbuda Defence Force Air Wing">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_Air_Force" title="Argentine Air Force">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Air_Force" title="Armenian Air Force">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Air_Force" title="Royal Australian Air Force">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Air_Force" title="Austrian Air Force">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_Air_Forces" title="Azerbaijani Air Forces">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Bahamas_Defence_Force" title="Royal Bahamas Defence Force">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Bahraini_Air_Force" title="Royal Bahraini Air Force">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Air_Force" title="Bangladesh Air Force">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Air_Force" title="Belarusian Air Force">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Air_Component" title="Belgian Air Component">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belize_Defence_Force_Air_Wing" title="Belize Defence Force Air Wing">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin_Air_Force" title="Benin Air Force">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivian_Air_Force" title="Bolivian Air Force">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_and_Anti-Aircraft_Defence_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Air Force and Anti-Aircraft Defence of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana_Defence_Force_Air_Wing" title="Botswana Defence Force Air Wing">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Air_Force" title="Brazilian Air Force">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Brunei_Air_Force" title="Royal Brunei Air Force">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Air_Force" title="Bulgarian Air Force">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Cambodian_Air_Force" title="Royal Cambodian Air Force">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon_Air_Force" title="Cameroon Air Force">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Air_Force" title="Royal Canadian Air Force">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Air_Force" title="Central African Republic Air Force">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chadian_Air_Force" title="Chadian Air Force">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Air_Force" title="Chilean Air Force">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Air Force">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_Aerospace_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Colombian Aerospace Force">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congolese_Air_Force" title="Congolese Air Force">Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Air Force of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo DR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Air_Force" title="Croatian Air Force">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Revolutionary_Air_and_Air_Defense_Force" title="Cuban Revolutionary Air and Air Defense Force">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_Air_Command" title="Cyprus Air Command">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Air_Force" title="Czech Air Force">Czechia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Danish_Air_Force" title="Royal Danish Air Force">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti_Air_Force" title="Djibouti Air Force">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Air_Force" title="Dominican Air Force">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuadorian_Air_Force" title="Ecuadorian Air Force">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Air_Force" title="Egyptian Air Force">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_Air_Force" title="Salvadoran Air Force">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrean_Air_Force" title="Eritrean Air Force">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Air_Force" title="Estonian Air Force">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Air_Force" title="Ethiopian Air Force">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Air_Force" title="Finnish Air Force">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Air_and_Space_Force" title="French Air and Space Force">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabonese_Air_Force" title="Gabonese Air Force">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Air_Force" title="Georgian Air Force">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Air_Force" title="German Air Force">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana_Air_Force" title="Ghana Air Force">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Air_Force" title="Hellenic Air Force">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_Air_Force" title="Guatemalan Air Force">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau_Air_Force" title="Guinea-Bissau Air Force">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiti_Air_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="Haiti Air Corps">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honduran_Air_Force" title="Honduran Air Force">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Air_Force" title="Hungarian Air Force">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_Air_Policing" title="Icelandic Air Policing">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Air_Force" title="Indian Air Force">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Air_Force" title="Indonesian Air Force">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Republic_of_Iran_Air_Force" title="Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Air_Force" title="Iraqi Air Force">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Air_Corps" title="Irish Air Corps">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_Air_Force" title="Israeli Air Force">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Air_Force" title="Italian Air Force">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Republic_of_Ivory_Coast" title="Armed Forces of the Republic of Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Air_Self-Defense_Force" title="Japan Air Self-Defense Force">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Jordanian_Air_Force" title="Royal Jordanian Air Force">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Air_Defense_Forces" title="Kazakh Air Defense Forces">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya_Air_Force" title="Kenya Air Force">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait_Air_Force" title="Kuwait Air Force">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_Air_Force" title="Kyrgyz Air Force">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lao_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force" title="Lao People's Liberation Army Air Force">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Air_Force" title="Latvian Air Force">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Air_Force" title="Lebanese Air Force">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberian_Armed_Forces#Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberian Armed Forces">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Air_Force" title="Libyan Air Force">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Air_Force" title="Lithuanian Air Force">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malagasy_Air_Force" title="Malagasy Air Force">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Malaysian_Air_Force" title="Royal Malaysian Air Force">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malian_Air_Force" title="Malian Air Force">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Wing_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Malta" title="Air Wing of the Armed Forces of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania_Islamic_Air_Force" title="Mauritania Islamic Air Force">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Air_Force" title="Mexican Air Force">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldovan_Air_Force" title="Moldovan Air Force">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Air_Force" title="Mongolian Air Force">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_Air_Force" title="Montenegrin Air Force">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Moroccan_Air_Force" title="Royal Moroccan Air Force">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique_Air_Force" title="Mozambique Air Force">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar_Air_Force" title="Myanmar Air Force">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibian_Air_Force" title="Namibian Air Force">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_Air_Force" title="Royal Netherlands Air Force">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_New_Zealand_Air_Force" title="Royal New Zealand Air Force">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaraguan_Air_Force" title="Nicaraguan Air Force">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Air_Force" title="Nigerian Air Force">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_People%27s_Army_Air_Force" title="Korean People's Army Air Force">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia_Air_Brigade" title="North Macedonia Air Brigade">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Norwegian_Air_Force" title="Royal Norwegian Air Force">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force_of_Oman" title="Royal Air Force of Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Air_Force" title="Pakistan Air Force">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_Air_Force" title="Paraguayan Air Force">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_Air_Force" title="Peruvian Air Force">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Air_Force" title="Philippine Air Force">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Air_Force" title="Polish Air Force">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Air_Force" title="Portuguese Air Force">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar_Emiri_Air_Force" title="Qatar Emiri Air Force">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Air_Force" title="Romanian Air Force">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Air_Force" title="Russian Air Force">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwandan_Air_Force" title="Rwandan Air Force">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Saudi_Air_Force" title="Royal Saudi Air Force">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegalese_Air_Force" title="Senegalese Air Force">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Air_Force_and_Air_Defence" title="Serbian Air Force and Air Defence">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Singapore_Air_Force" title="Republic of Singapore Air Force">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Air_Force" title="Slovak Air Force">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Air_Force_and_Air_Defence" title="Slovenian Air Force and Air Defence">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_Air_Force" title="Somali Air Force">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Air_Force" title="South African Air Force">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Korea_Air_Force" title="Republic of Korea Air Force">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sudan_Air_Force" title="South Sudan Air Force">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Air_and_Space_Force" title="Spanish Air and Space Force">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Air_Force" title="Sri Lanka Air Force">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_Air_Force" title="Sudanese Air Force">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriname_Air_Force" title="Suriname Air Force">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Air_Force" title="Swedish Air Force">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Air_Force" title="Swiss Air Force">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Air_Force" title="Syrian Air Force">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_Air_Force" title="Republic of China Air Force">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_Air_Force" title="Tajik Air Force">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania_Air_Force_Command" title="Tanzania Air Force Command">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Thai_Air_Force" title="Royal Thai Air Force">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togolese_Armed_Forces" title="Togolese Armed Forces">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongan_Air_Wing" title="Tongan Air Wing">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_Air_Force" title="Tunisian Air Force">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_Air_Force" title="Turkmen Air Force">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda_Air_Force" title="Uganda Air Force">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Air_Force" title="Ukrainian Air Force">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates_Air_Force" title="United Arab Emirates Air Force">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguayan_Air_Force" title="Uruguayan Air Force">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan_Air_and_Air_Defence_Forces" title="Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Venezuelan Air Force">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_People%27s_Air_Force" title="Vietnam People's Air Force">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_Air_Force" title="Yemeni Air Force">Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambian_Air_Force" title="Zambian Air Force">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_of_Zimbabwe" title="Air Force of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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