CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"7fbcd692-479b-42a2-ab00-42e450db7301","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary","wgTitle":"Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary","wgCurRevisionId":1258613827,"wgRevisionId":1258613827,"wgArticleId":20658860,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use dmy dates from March 2017","Use Indian English from March 2017","All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English","Coordinates on Wikidata","Commons category link is on Wikidata","IUCN Category IV","Bird sanctuaries of Tamil Nadu","Important Bird Areas of India","Protected areas of Tamil Nadu","Protected areas established in 1936", "1936 establishments in India","Ramsar sites in India"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary","wgRelevantArticleId":20658860,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":12.545555555555556,"lon":79.85583333333332},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition": "interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q2253205","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready", "ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Vedanthangal_Lake.JPG/1200px-Vedanthangal_Lake.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="900"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Vedanthangal_Lake.JPG/800px-Vedanthangal_Lake.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="600"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Vedanthangal_Lake.JPG/640px-Vedanthangal_Lake.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="480"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary rootpage-Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Vedanthangal+Bird+Sanctuary" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Vedanthangal+Bird+Sanctuary" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Vedanthangal+Bird+Sanctuary" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Vedanthangal+Bird+Sanctuary" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Description" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Description"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Description</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flora" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flora"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Flora</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flora-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Fauna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 5 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-5" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">5 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC" title="বেড়ন্তাঙ্গল পাখিরালয় – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বেড়ন্তাঙ্গল পাখিরালয়" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birdorezervejo_Vedanthangal" title="Birdorezervejo Vedanthangal – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Birdorezervejo Vedanthangal" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%87%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B3%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="ودنتهنگل برد سنکتواری – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ودنتهنگل برد سنکتواری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%82" title="വേടന്താങ്കൽ പക്ഷി സങ്കേതം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വേടന്താങ്കൽ പക്ഷി സങ്കേതം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="வேடந்தாங்கல் பறவைகள் சரணாலயம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வேடந்தாங்கல் பறவைகள் சரணாலயம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2253205#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&oldid=1258613827" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&id=1258613827&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FVedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FVedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2253205" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&params=12_32_44_N_79_51_21_E_type:landmark_dim:1km"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">12°32′44″N</span> <span class="longitude">79°51′21″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">12.54556°N 79.85583°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">12.54556; 79.85583</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Protected area in Tamil Nadu, India</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size: 100%;"><div style="background-color: #B2E5CD;"><a href="/wiki/IUCN_protected_area_categories" title="IUCN protected area categories">IUCN category</a> IV (habitat/species management area)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div style="background-color:black;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid black;width:250px;display:table;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:1px 0 0 1px"><div style="display:table;background-color:black;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vedanthangal_Lake.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Vedanthangal_Lake.JPG/250px-Vedanthangal_Lake.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Vedanthangal_Lake.JPG/375px-Vedanthangal_Lake.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Vedanthangal_Lake.JPG/500px-Vedanthangal_Lake.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3296" data-file-height="2472" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:black;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:In_a_Land_of_their_own_Vedanthangal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/In_a_Land_of_their_own_Vedanthangal.jpg/124px-In_a_Land_of_their_own_Vedanthangal.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/In_a_Land_of_their_own_Vedanthangal.jpg/186px-In_a_Land_of_their_own_Vedanthangal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/In_a_Land_of_their_own_Vedanthangal.jpg/248px-In_a_Land_of_their_own_Vedanthangal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vedanthangal_bird_sanctuary_Watch_Tower.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Vedanthangal_bird_sanctuary_Watch_Tower.jpg/124px-Vedanthangal_bird_sanctuary_Watch_Tower.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Vedanthangal_bird_sanctuary_Watch_Tower.jpg/186px-Vedanthangal_bird_sanctuary_Watch_Tower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Vedanthangal_bird_sanctuary_Watch_Tower.jpg/248px-Vedanthangal_bird_sanctuary_Watch_Tower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:black;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary_pathway.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary_pathway.JPG/124px-Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary_pathway.JPG" decoding="async" width="124" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary_pathway.JPG/186px-Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary_pathway.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary_pathway.JPG/248px-Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary_pathway.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="577" /></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary_-_Evening.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary_-_Evening.JPG/124px-Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary_-_Evening.JPG" decoding="async" width="124" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary_-_Evening.JPG/186px-Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary_-_Evening.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary_-_Evening.JPG/248px-Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary_-_Evening.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="577" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div style="font-size:95%"><b>Clockwise from top</b>: A view of the sanctuary; Watch tower in the sanctuary; Resting <a href="/wiki/Pelicans" class="mw-redirect" title="Pelicans">pelicans</a>; Walkway inside the sanctuary; <a href="/wiki/Barringtonia" title="Barringtonia">Barringtonia</a> trees in the lake</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:284px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:284px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:284px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:India_Tamil_Nadu_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Map showing the location of Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary"><img alt="Map showing the location of Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/India_Tamil_Nadu_location_map.svg/284px-India_Tamil_Nadu_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="284" height="353" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/India_Tamil_Nadu_location_map.svg/426px-India_Tamil_Nadu_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/India_Tamil_Nadu_location_map.svg/568px-India_Tamil_Nadu_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1591" data-file-height="1975" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:19.181%;left:79.336%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary"><img alt="Map showing the location of Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Map of <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="locality"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chengalpattu_district" title="Chengalpattu district">Chengalpattu district</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a>, India</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nearest city</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kanchipuram" title="Kanchipuram">Kanchipuram</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&params=12_32_44_N_79_51_21_E_type:landmark_dim:1km"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">12°32′44″N</span> <span class="longitude">79°51′21″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">12.54556°N 79.85583°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">12.54556; 79.85583</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">30 ha (74 acres)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation</th><td class="infobox-data">122 m (400 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-Ramsar_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramsar-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1936</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Governing body</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Environment_and_Forests" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Environment and Forests">Ministry of Environment and Forests</a>, <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><div style="border:4px solid #8DE3D2; line-height: 1.5; text-align: center;"> <a href="/wiki/Ramsar_Convention" title="Ramsar Convention">Ramsar Wetland</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official name</th><td class="infobox-data">Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designated</th><td class="infobox-data">8 April 2022</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reference no.</th><td class="infobox-data">2477<sup id="cite_ref-Ramsar_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramsar-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Bird_sanctuary" class="mw-redirect" title="Bird sanctuary">bird sanctuary</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Madurantakam_taluk" title="Madurantakam taluk">Madurantakam taluk</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Chengalpattu_district" title="Chengalpattu district">Chengalpattu district</a> in the Indian state of <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a>. Established in 1936, it is the oldest <a href="/wiki/List_of_wildlife_sanctuaries_of_India" title="List of wildlife sanctuaries of India">wildlife sanctuary in India</a>. It has been designated as a protected <a href="/wiki/Ramsar_site" title="Ramsar site">Ramsar site</a> since 2022. More than 40,000 birds have been recorded in the sanctuary during the migratory season every year. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Vedanthangal fresh water lake attracted water birds and the area was protected by the local people, who benefited from the manure-rich water from the lake. The <a href="/wiki/Guano" title="Guano">guano</a> of the birds increased the agriculture yield of the surrounding fields.<sup id="cite_ref-Ramsar_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramsar-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The area was later used as hunting grounds for <a href="/wiki/Sport_hunting" class="mw-redirect" title="Sport hunting">sport hunting</a> of birds by the rich in the early 17th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Compendium_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Compendium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vedanthangal literally means the 'hamlet of the hunter' in <a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil language</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Towards the end of the 18th century, locals complained to the <a href="/wiki/District_Collector" class="mw-redirect" title="District Collector">District Collector</a> of <a href="/wiki/Chingleput_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Chingleput district">Chingleput district</a> about the British soldiers shooting the birds and obtained a cowle (a written acceptance) from the collector to protect the birds.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to its ecological importance, the <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Government</a> initiated further steps to develop it into a bird sanctuary in 1798. Several accounts of the area being a breeding place for birds were published in the 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the mid 19th century, the collector of Chingleput ordered it to be established as a protected area.<sup id="cite_ref-Compendium_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Compendium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was officially declared as a <a href="/wiki/Wildlife_sanctuary" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildlife sanctuary">wildlife sanctuary</a> in 1936 and was the first such protected area to be established within the Indian boundaries.<sup id="cite_ref-Compendium_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Compendium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The surrounding wetland was declared as reserve area as per the <a href="/wiki/Madras_Forest_Act,_1882" title="Madras Forest Act, 1882">Madras Forest Act, 1882</a> on 4 June 1962. Subsequently, the surrounding 5 km (3.1 mi) zone were declared as part of the sanctuary as per the <a href="/wiki/Wildlife_Protection_Act,_1972" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildlife Protection Act, 1972">Wildlife Protection Act, 1972</a> in 1996 and the final notification was issued on 8 July 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-Ramsar_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramsar-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The sanctuary occupies an area of 74 acres (30 ha) and is one of the smallest <a href="/wiki/List_of_wildlife_sanctuaries_of_India" title="List of wildlife sanctuaries of India">wildlife sanctuaries in India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Compendium_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Compendium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sanctuary consists of many small water bodies interconnected with the main tank, located at an altitude of about 122 m (400 ft).<sup id="cite_ref-Ramsar_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramsar-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The maximum depth of the lake is 5 m (16 ft) and it supplies water to nearly 250 acres of agricultural land in the region. The west and south sides of the lake are bordered by a long bund, whereas the northern and eastern sides extend to the agricultural lands. The area receives an average annual rainfall of 140 cm (55 in), mostly from the <a href="/wiki/North-east_monsoon" class="mw-redirect" title="North-east monsoon">north-east monsoon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is a 24 ft (7.3 m) observation tower in the sanctuary.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, the lake was de-silted and new water channels were built by the <a href="/wiki/Public_Works_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Works Department">Public Works Department</a> to facilitate water supply to the lake from neighbouring water bodies.<sup id="cite_ref-Hindu_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hindu-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Flora">Flora</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Flora"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The sanctuary consists of a mixture of <a href="/wiki/Tropical_evergreen_forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Tropical evergreen forest">tropical and sub-tropical</a> dry <a href="/wiki/Broadleaf_forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Broadleaf forest">broadleaf forests</a> interspersed with thorns and shrubs.<sup id="cite_ref-Ramsar_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramsar-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Compendium_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Compendium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The wetland and the surrounding areas have been subject to <a href="/wiki/Deforestation" title="Deforestation">deforestation</a> and over <a href="/wiki/Grazing" title="Grazing">grazing</a> from domestic livestock, which resulted in the stunted scrub vegetation. There are two distinct types of vegetation in the sanctuary. The water area mainly consists of <a href="/wiki/Barringtonia_acutangula" title="Barringtonia acutangula">Barringtonia acutangula</a> and <a href="/wiki/Acacia_nilotica" class="mw-redirect" title="Acacia nilotica">Acacia nilotica</a> trees, most of which were planted by the <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu_Forest_Department" title="Tamil Nadu Forest Department">Tamil Nadu Forest Department</a> and are the main nest-supporting trees. The Barringtonia trees also serve as roosts for the non-breeding birds and safe high perches for the young lings.<sup id="cite_ref-Ramsar_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramsar-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, a further two lakh Barringtonia saplings were planted in the sanctuary.<sup id="cite_ref-Hindu_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hindu-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The periphery of the tank and the tank bund consists of a number of <a href="/wiki/Terminalia_arjuna" title="Terminalia arjuna">Terminalia arjuna</a> trees. The tank bund also consists of <a href="/wiki/Streblus" title="Streblus">Streblus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Calamus_(palm)" title="Calamus (palm)">Calamus</a> trees. There are other species such as <a href="/wiki/Acacia_nilotica" class="mw-redirect" title="Acacia nilotica">Acacia nilotica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alangium_salviifolium" title="Alangium salviifolium">Alangium salviifolium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albizzia_lebbek" class="mw-redirect" title="Albizzia lebbek">Albizzia lebbek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Azadirachta_indica" title="Azadirachta indica">Azadirachta indica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Morinda_tinctoria" class="mw-redirect" title="Morinda tinctoria">Morinda tinctoria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Borassus_flabellifer" title="Borassus flabellifer">Borassus flabellifer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cassia_fistula" title="Cassia fistula">Cassia fistula</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Solanum_trilobatum" title="Solanum trilobatum">Solanum trilobatum</a> on the area surrounding the tank. The partly submerged scrubs around the tank provides twigs for the birds to build nests and also serve as roosting grounds.<sup id="cite_ref-Ramsar_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramsar-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fauna">Fauna</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Fauna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg/220px-Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg/330px-Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg/440px-Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1969" data-file-height="1043" /></a><figcaption>Birds at the sanctuary</figcaption></figure> <p>The unique ecosystem attracts a rich diversity of birds. Nearly 40000 birds are seen in the tank during the breeding season. When the nesting birds return with the young lings, there can be over 70000 birds in a good monsoon year.<sup id="cite_ref-Ramsar_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramsar-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hindu_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hindu-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prime nesting species seen in the sanctuary are <a href="/wiki/Spot_billed_pelican" class="mw-redirect" title="Spot billed pelican">spot billed pelican</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asian_Open-billed_Stork" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian Open-billed Stork">Asian open-billed stork</a>, <a href="/wiki/Painted_stork" title="Painted stork">painted stork</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indian_cormorant" title="Indian cormorant">Indian cormorant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Little_cormorant" title="Little cormorant">little cormorant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black-crowned_night_heron" title="Black-crowned night heron">black-crowned night heron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Little_egret" title="Little egret">little egret</a>, <a href="/wiki/Intermediate_egret" class="mw-redirect" title="Intermediate egret">intermediate egret</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grey_heron" title="Grey heron">grey heron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glossy_ibis" title="Glossy ibis">glossy ibis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black-headed_ibis" title="Black-headed ibis">black-headed ibis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_spoonbill" title="Eurasian spoonbill">Eurasian spoonbill</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Indian_pond_heron" title="Indian pond heron">Indian pond heron</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ramsar_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramsar-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Migratory waterbirds <a href="/wiki/Wintering" class="mw-redirect" title="Wintering">wintering</a> here include <a href="/wiki/Northern_pintail" title="Northern pintail">northern pintail</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garganey" title="Garganey">garganey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_shoveller" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern shoveller">northern shoveller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black-winged_stilt" title="Black-winged stilt">black-winged stilt</a>, and other shorebirds and <a href="/wiki/Terns" class="mw-redirect" title="Terns">terns</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Whiskered_tern" title="Whiskered tern">whiskered tern</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ramsar_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramsar-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Cattle_egret" title="Cattle egret">Cattle egrets</a> and <a href="/wiki/Little_cormorant" title="Little cormorant">little cormorants</a> are also seen outside the breeding season. Other terrestrial birds such as <a href="/wiki/Darter" title="Darter">darters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Parakeet" title="Parakeet">parakeets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sylvioidea" title="Sylvioidea">babblers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Myna" title="Myna">mynas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Megalaimidae" title="Megalaimidae">barbets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bee-eater" title="Bee-eater">bee-eaters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingfisher" title="Kingfisher">kingfishers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coraciidae" title="Coraciidae">roller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cuckoo" title="Cuckoo">cuckoo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Old_World_oriole" title="Old World oriole">oriole</a>, <a href="/wiki/Drongo" title="Drongo">drongo</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Raptor_(bird)" class="mw-redirect" title="Raptor (bird)">raptors</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Black-winged_kite" title="Black-winged kite">black-winged kite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brahminy_kite" title="Brahminy kite">brahminy kite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Short-toed_eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="Short-toed eagle">short-toed eagle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pariah_kite" class="mw-redirect" title="Pariah kite">pariah kite</a> have been observed in Vedanthangal. <sup id="cite_ref-Ramsar_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramsar-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mammals seen in the sanctuary include <a href="/wiki/Indian_jackal" title="Indian jackal">Indian jackal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jungle_cat" title="Jungle cat">jungle cat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wild_boar" title="Wild boar">wild boar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black-naped_hare" class="mw-redirect" title="Black-naped hare">black-naped hare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bonnet_macaque" title="Bonnet macaque">bonnet macaque</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mongoose" title="Mongoose">mongoose</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mole_rat" class="mw-redirect" title="Mole rat">mole rat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palm_civet" title="Palm civet">palm civet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flying_fox" class="mw-redirect" title="Flying fox">flying fox</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Indian_fox" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian fox">Indian fox</a>. A large number of <a href="/wiki/Fruit_bats" class="mw-redirect" title="Fruit bats">fruit bats</a> are also present in the <a href="/wiki/Bamboo" title="Bamboo">bamboo</a> trees around the lake. There are also <a href="/wiki/Reptiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Reptiles">reptiles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amphibians" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphibians">amphibians</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Water_snakes" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Water snakes">water snakes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indian_cobra" title="Indian cobra">Indian cobra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sand_boa" class="mw-redirect" title="Sand boa">sand boas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Terrapins" class="mw-redirect" title="Terrapins">terrapins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tortoises" class="mw-redirect" title="Tortoises">tortoises</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lizards" class="mw-redirect" title="Lizards">lizards</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Frogs" class="mw-redirect" title="Frogs">frogs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Compendium_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Compendium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ramsar_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramsar-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vedanthangal_4_birds.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Spot-billed pelican, painted stork, little egret and open-billed stork"><img alt="Spot-billed pelican, painted stork, little egret and open-billed stork" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Vedanthangal_4_birds.jpg/88px-Vedanthangal_4_birds.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Vedanthangal_4_birds.jpg/133px-Vedanthangal_4_birds.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Vedanthangal_4_birds.jpg/177px-Vedanthangal_4_birds.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Spot-billed_pelican" title="Spot-billed pelican">Spot-billed pelican</a>, <a href="/wiki/Painted_stork" title="Painted stork">painted stork</a>, <a href="/wiki/Little_egret" title="Little egret">little egret</a> and <a href="/wiki/Open-billed_stork" class="mw-redirect" title="Open-billed stork">open-billed stork</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Indian_Pond_Heron,_Vedantangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Indian pond heron"><img alt="Indian pond heron" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Indian_Pond_Heron%2C_Vedantangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg/120px-Indian_Pond_Heron%2C_Vedantangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Indian_Pond_Heron%2C_Vedantangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg/180px-Indian_Pond_Heron%2C_Vedantangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Indian_Pond_Heron%2C_Vedantangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg/240px-Indian_Pond_Heron%2C_Vedantangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2543" data-file-height="1891" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Indian_pond_heron" title="Indian pond heron">Indian pond heron</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Black_Headed_Ibis,_Vedantangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Black-headed ibis"><img alt="Black-headed ibis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Black_Headed_Ibis%2C_Vedantangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg/120px-Black_Headed_Ibis%2C_Vedantangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Black_Headed_Ibis%2C_Vedantangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg/180px-Black_Headed_Ibis%2C_Vedantangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Black_Headed_Ibis%2C_Vedantangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg/240px-Black_Headed_Ibis%2C_Vedantangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1844" data-file-height="1335" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Black-headed_ibis" title="Black-headed ibis">Black-headed ibis</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Indian_Golden_Oriole,_Vedantangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Golden oriole"><img alt="Golden oriole" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Indian_Golden_Oriole%2C_Vedantangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg/120px-Indian_Golden_Oriole%2C_Vedantangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Indian_Golden_Oriole%2C_Vedantangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg/180px-Indian_Golden_Oriole%2C_Vedantangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Indian_Golden_Oriole%2C_Vedantangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg/240px-Indian_Golden_Oriole%2C_Vedantangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1512" data-file-height="1104" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Golden_oriole" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden oriole">Golden oriole</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asian_openbill_stork,_Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Open-billed stork"><img alt="Open-billed stork" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Asian_openbill_stork%2C_Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg/120px-Asian_openbill_stork%2C_Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Asian_openbill_stork%2C_Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg/180px-Asian_openbill_stork%2C_Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Asian_openbill_stork%2C_Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg/240px-Asian_openbill_stork%2C_Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2808" data-file-height="1762" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Open-billed_stork" class="mw-redirect" title="Open-billed stork">Open-billed stork</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vedanthangal_Stork_Breeding.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Spot-billed pelicans"><img alt="Spot-billed pelicans" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Vedanthangal_Stork_Breeding.jpg/120px-Vedanthangal_Stork_Breeding.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Vedanthangal_Stork_Breeding.jpg/180px-Vedanthangal_Stork_Breeding.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Vedanthangal_Stork_Breeding.jpg/240px-Vedanthangal_Stork_Breeding.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2570" data-file-height="1837" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Spot-billed_pelican" title="Spot-billed pelican">Spot-billed pelicans</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Male_and_female_parakeet_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Green parakeet"><img alt="Green parakeet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Male_and_female_parakeet_1.jpg/83px-Male_and_female_parakeet_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="83" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Male_and_female_parakeet_1.jpg/124px-Male_and_female_parakeet_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Male_and_female_parakeet_1.jpg/166px-Male_and_female_parakeet_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="4992" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Green_parakeet" title="Green parakeet">Green parakeet</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Spot_billed_duck_after_swim_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Spot-billed duck"><img alt="Spot-billed duck" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Spot_billed_duck_after_swim_1.jpg/120px-Spot_billed_duck_after_swim_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Spot_billed_duck_after_swim_1.jpg/180px-Spot_billed_duck_after_swim_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Spot_billed_duck_after_swim_1.jpg/240px-Spot_billed_duck_after_swim_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2544" data-file-height="1542" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Spot-billed_duck" class="mw-redirect" title="Spot-billed duck">Spot-billed duck</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Darter_and_Ibis_on_a_race_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Darter and ibis"><img alt="Darter and ibis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Darter_and_Ibis_on_a_race_1.jpg/74px-Darter_and_Ibis_on_a_race_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="74" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Darter_and_Ibis_on_a_race_1.jpg/112px-Darter_and_Ibis_on_a_race_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Darter_and_Ibis_on_a_race_1.jpg/149px-Darter_and_Ibis_on_a_race_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1398" data-file-height="2250" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Darter" title="Darter">Darter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ibis" title="Ibis">ibis</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pond_Heron_and_its_reflection_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pond heron"><img alt="Pond heron" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pond_Heron_and_its_reflection_1.jpg/120px-Pond_Heron_and_its_reflection_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pond_Heron_and_its_reflection_1.jpg/180px-Pond_Heron_and_its_reflection_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pond_Heron_and_its_reflection_1.jpg/240px-Pond_Heron_and_its_reflection_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3768" data-file-height="2484" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Pond_heron" title="Pond heron">Pond heron</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Egrets_on_a_island_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Eastern cattle egret"><img alt="Eastern cattle egret" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Egrets_on_a_island_1.jpg/120px-Egrets_on_a_island_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Egrets_on_a_island_1.jpg/180px-Egrets_on_a_island_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Egrets_on_a_island_1.jpg/240px-Egrets_on_a_island_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2706" data-file-height="1938" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_cattle_egret" title="Eastern cattle egret">Eastern cattle egret</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Painted_Stork_at_Vedanthangal,_Chennai.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Painted stork"><img alt="Painted stork" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Painted_Stork_at_Vedanthangal%2C_Chennai.jpg/120px-Painted_Stork_at_Vedanthangal%2C_Chennai.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Painted_Stork_at_Vedanthangal%2C_Chennai.jpg/180px-Painted_Stork_at_Vedanthangal%2C_Chennai.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Painted_Stork_at_Vedanthangal%2C_Chennai.jpg/240px-Painted_Stork_at_Vedanthangal%2C_Chennai.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4643" data-file-height="3216" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Painted_stork" title="Painted stork">Painted stork</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pelican_flight.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Spot-billed pelican"><img alt="Spot-billed pelican" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Pelican_flight.jpg/120px-Pelican_flight.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Pelican_flight.jpg/180px-Pelican_flight.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Pelican_flight.jpg/240px-Pelican_flight.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Spot-billed_pelican" title="Spot-billed pelican">Spot-billed pelican</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Tamil_Nadu" title="List of birds of Tamil Nadu">List of birds of Tamil Nadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_South_India" title="List of birds of South India">List of birds of South India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wildlife_sanctuaries_of_India" title="List of wildlife sanctuaries of India">List of wildlife sanctuaries of India</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Ramsar-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ramsar_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ramsar_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ramsar_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ramsar_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ramsar_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ramsar_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ramsar_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ramsar_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ramsar_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ramsar_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ramsar_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ramsar_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ramsar_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rsis.ramsar.org/RISapp/files/RISrep/IN2477RIS_2208_en.pdf">"Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ramsar_Convention" title="Ramsar Convention">Ramsar</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ramsar&rft.atitle=Vedanthangal+Bird+Sanctuary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frsis.ramsar.org%2FRISapp%2Ffiles%2FRISrep%2FIN2477RIS_2208_en.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVedanthangal+Bird+Sanctuary" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Compendium-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Compendium_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Compendium_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Compendium_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Compendium_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Compendium_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Compendium_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tourism.gov.in/sites/default/files/2023-04/9%20Compendium%20Book_2021_Low%20%281%29%20%282%29.pdf">National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries in India</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Environment,_Forest_and_Climate_Change" title="Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change">Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change</a>, <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a></i> (Report). November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=National+Parks+and+Wildlife+Sanctuaries+in+India&rft.date=2021-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftourism.gov.in%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F2023-04%2F9%2520Compendium%2520Book_2021_Low%2520%25281%2529%2520%25282%2529.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVedanthangal+Bird+Sanctuary" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.13:1:9017.tamillex">"Tamil Lexicon"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/University_of_Madras" title="University of Madras">University of Madras</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+Madras&rft.atitle=Tamil+Lexicon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdsal.uchicago.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fphilologic%2Fgetobject.pl%3Fc.13%3A1%3A9017.tamillex&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVedanthangal+Bird+Sanctuary" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBates,_RSP1931" class="citation book cs1">Bates, RSP (1931). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/BirdLifeIndia/BirdlifeIndia#page/n50/mode/1up"><i>Birdlife in India</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Bombay_Natural_History_Society" title="Bombay Natural History Society">Bombay Natural History Society</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Birdlife+in+India&rft.pub=Bombay+Natural+History+Society&rft.date=1931&rft.au=Bates%2C+RSP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2FBirdLifeIndia%2FBirdlifeIndia%23page%2Fn50%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVedanthangal+Bird+Sanctuary" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShortt,_John1866" class="citation journal cs1">Shortt, John (1866). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/zoologist24lond#page/11/mode/1up/">"Account of a heronry, and breeding-place of other water-birds, in southern India"</a>. <i>Zoologist</i>. <b>1</b>: 11–16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zoologist&rft.atitle=Account+of+a+heronry%2C+and+breeding-place+of+other+water-birds%2C+in+southern+India&rft.volume=1&rft.pages=11-16&rft.date=1866&rft.au=Shortt%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fzoologist24lond%23page%2F11%2Fmode%2F1up%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVedanthangal+Bird+Sanctuary" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHume,_AO1889" class="citation book cs1">Hume, AO (1889). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/nestseggsofindia03humerich#page/237/mode/1up"><i>The nests and eggs of Indian Birds. Volume 3</i></a>. R H Porter. pp. 238–239.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+nests+and+eggs+of+Indian+Birds.+Volume+3&rft.pages=238-239&rft.pub=R+H+Porter&rft.date=1889&rft.au=Hume%2C+AO&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fnestseggsofindia03humerich%23page%2F237%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVedanthangal+Bird+Sanctuary" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tnenvis.nic.in/Database/SoilResources_1171.aspx">"Bio-Diversity and Wild Life in Tamil Nadu"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Environment,_Forest_and_Climate_Change" title="Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change">Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change</a>, <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180410055618/http://tnenvis.nic.in/Database/SoilResources_1171.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ministry+of+Environment%2C+Forest+and+Climate+Change%2C+Government+of+India&rft.atitle=Bio-Diversity+and+Wild+Life+in+Tamil+Nadu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftnenvis.nic.in%2FDatabase%2FSoilResources_1171.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVedanthangal+Bird+Sanctuary" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wii.gov.in/eia/wildlife_database/tamil_nadu">"Tamil Nadu"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Environment,_Forest_and_Climate_Change" title="Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change">Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change</a>, <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ministry+of+Environment%2C+Forest+and+Climate+Change%2C+Government+of+India&rft.atitle=Tamil+Nadu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwii.gov.in%2Feia%2Fwildlife_database%2Ftamil_nadu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVedanthangal+Bird+Sanctuary" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVenkatraman_GThiyagesan_KNagarajan_RJyothinayakam,_J.T.2008" class="citation book cs1">Venkatraman G; Thiyagesan K; Nagarajan R; Jyothinayakam, J.T. (1 January 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vlx-ho5EvyoC&pg=PA93"><i>Wildlife Biodiversity Conservation</i></a>. Daya Publishing House. p. 93. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7035-529-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7035-529-8"><bdi>978-81-7035-529-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wildlife+Biodiversity+Conservation&rft.pages=93&rft.pub=Daya+Publishing+House&rft.date=2008-01-01&rft.isbn=978-81-7035-529-8&rft.au=Venkatraman+G&rft.au=Thiyagesan+K&rft.au=Nagarajan+R&rft.au=Jyothinayakam%2C+J.T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dvlx-ho5EvyoC%26pg%3DPA93&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVedanthangal+Bird+Sanctuary" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarkar2009" class="citation book cs1">Karkar, S.C. (2009). <i>The Top Ten Temple Towns of India</i>. Kolkota: Mark Age Publication. p. 47. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-87952-12-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-87952-12-1"><bdi>978-81-87952-12-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Top+Ten+Temple+Towns+of+India&rft.place=Kolkota&rft.pages=47&rft.pub=Mark+Age+Publication&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-81-87952-12-1&rft.aulast=Karkar&rft.aufirst=S.C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVedanthangal+Bird+Sanctuary" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hindu-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hindu_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hindu_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hindu_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/bird-sanctuaries-to-open-on-friday/article5361511.ece">"Bird sanctuaries to open on Friday"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a></i>. 18 November 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Bird+sanctuaries+to+open+on+Friday&rft.date=2013-11-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fcities%2Fchennai%2Fbird-sanctuaries-to-open-on-friday%2Farticle5361511.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVedanthangal+Bird+Sanctuary" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantharam,_V.R._K._G._Menon1991" class="citation journal cs1">Santharam, V.; R. K. G. Menon (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/NLBW31_1112#page/n8/mode/1up">"Observations on the water-bird populations of the Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary"</a>. <i>Newsletter for Birdwatchers</i>. <b>31</b>: 6-8.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Newsletter+for+Birdwatchers&rft.atitle=Observations+on+the+water-bird+populations+of+the+Vedanthangal+Bird+Sanctuary&rft.volume=31&rft.pages=6-8&rft.date=1991&rft.au=Santharam%2C+V.&rft.au=R.+K.+G.+Menon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2FNLBW31_1112%23page%2Fn8%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVedanthangal+Bird+Sanctuary" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFM._Krishnan" class="citation book cs1">M. Krishnan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/VedanthangalByM.Krishnan/KrishnanVed#page/n9/mode/2up"><i>Vedanthangal</i></a>. p. 9.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vedanthangal&rft.pages=9&rft.au=M.+Krishnan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2FVedanthangalByM.Krishnan%2FKrishnanVed%23page%2Fn9%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVedanthangal+Bird+Sanctuary" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary">Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Protected_areas_of_Tamil_Nadu" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Protected_areas_of_Tamil_Nadu" title="Template:Protected areas of Tamil Nadu"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Protected_areas_of_Tamil_Nadu" title="Template talk:Protected areas of Tamil Nadu"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Protected_areas_of_Tamil_Nadu" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Protected areas of Tamil Nadu"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Protected_areas_of_Tamil_Nadu" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Tamil_Nadu" class="mw-redirect" title="Protected areas of Tamil Nadu">Protected areas of Tamil Nadu</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Biosphere reserves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agasthyamala_Biosphere_Reserve" title="Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve">Agasthyamalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mannar" title="Gulf of Mannar">Gulf of Mannar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilgiri_Biosphere_Reserve" title="Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve">Nilgiris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National parks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi_National_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Indira Gandhi National Park">Anamalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grass_Hills_National_Park" title="Grass Hills National Park">Grass Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guindy_National_Park" title="Guindy National Park">Guindy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mannar_Marine_National_Park" title="Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park">Gulf of Mannar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karian_Shola_National_Park" title="Karian Shola National Park">Karian Shola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudumalai_National_Park" title="Mudumalai National Park">Mudumalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukurthi_National_Park" title="Mukurthi National Park">Mukurthi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wildlife sanctuaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi_Wildlife_Sanctuary" class="mw-redirect" title="Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary">Anamalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cauvery_North_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Cauvery North Wildlife Sanctuary">Cauvery North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cauvery_South_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Cauvery South Wildlife Sanctuary">Cauvery South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangaikondan_Spotted_Deer_Sanctuary" title="Gangaikondan Spotted Deer Sanctuary">Gangaikondan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grizzled_Squirrel_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary">Grizzled Squirrel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadavur_Wildlife_Sanctuary" class="mw-redirect" title="Kadavur Wildlife Sanctuary">Kadavur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalakkad_Mundanthurai_Tiger_Reserve" title="Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve">Kalakkad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanyakumari_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Kanyakumari Wildlife Sanctuary">Kanyakumari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srivilliputhur-Megamalai_Tiger_Reserve" title="Srivilliputhur-Megamalai Tiger Reserve">Megamalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudumalai_Wildlife_Sanctuary" class="mw-redirect" title="Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary">Mudumalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodaikanal_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Kodaikanal Wildlife Sanctuary">Kodaikanal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalakkad_Mundanthurai_Tiger_Reserve" title="Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve">Mundanthurai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point_Calimere_Wildlife_and_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary">Point Calimere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sathyamangalam_Wildlife_Sanctuary" class="mw-redirect" title="Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary">Sathyamangalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanthai_Periyar_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Thanthai Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary">Periyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nellai_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Nellai Wildlife Sanctuary">Nellai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallanadu_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Vallanadu Wildlife Sanctuary">Vallanadu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bird sanctuaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chitrangudi_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Chitrangudi Bird Sanctuary">Chitrangudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kallaperambur_Lake_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Kallaperambur Lake Bird Sanctuary">Kallaperambur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanjirankulam_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Kanjirankulam Bird Sanctuary">Kanjirankulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karaivetti_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Karaivetti Bird Sanctuary">Karaivetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karikili_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Karikili Bird Sanctuary">Karikili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazhuveli_Bird_Sanctuary" class="mw-redirect" title="Kazhuveli Bird Sanctuary">Kazhuveli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koothankulam_Bird_Sanctuary" class="mw-redirect" title="Koothankulam Bird Sanctuary">Koothankulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melaselvanur-Kilaselvanur_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Melaselvanur-Kilaselvanur Bird Sanctuary">Melaselvanur-Kilaselvanur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanjarayan_Tank_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Nanjarayan Tank Bird Sanctuary">Nanjarayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point_Calimere_Wildlife_and_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary">Point Calimere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulicat_Lake_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary">Pulicat Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suchindram_Theroor_Birds_Sanctuary" title="Suchindram Theroor Birds Sanctuary">Suchindram Theroor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udayamarthandapuram_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Udayamarthandapuram Bird Sanctuary">Udayamarthandapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaduvoor_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Vaduvoor Bird Sanctuary">Vaduvoor</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vedanthangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vellode_Birds_Sanctuary" class="mw-redirect" title="Vellode Birds Sanctuary">Vellode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vettangudi_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Vettangudi Bird Sanctuary">Vettangudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viralimalai_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Viralimalai Bird Sanctuary">Viralimalai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tiger reserves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anamalai_Tiger_Reserve" title="Anamalai Tiger Reserve">Anamalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalakkad_Mundanthurai_Tiger_Reserve" title="Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve">Kalakkad Mundanthurai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudumalai_Tiger_Reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="Mudumalai Tiger Reserve">Mudumalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sathyamangalam_Tiger_Reserve" title="Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve">Sathyamangalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srivilliputhur-Megamalai_Tiger_Reserve" title="Srivilliputhur-Megamalai Tiger Reserve">Megamalai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elephant reserves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agasthyamala_Biosphere_Reserve" title="Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve">Agasthyamalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anamalai_Tiger_Reserve" title="Anamalai Tiger Reserve">Anamalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coimbatore_Elephant_Reserve" title="Coimbatore Elephant Reserve">Coimbatore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudumalai_Tiger_Reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="Mudumalai Tiger Reserve">Mudumalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srivilliputhur-Megamalai_Tiger_Reserve" title="Srivilliputhur-Megamalai Tiger Reserve">Srivilliputhur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Conservation reserves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tiruvidaimarudur_Conservation_Reserve" title="Tiruvidaimarudur Conservation Reserve">Tiruvidaimarudur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_India" title="Protected areas of India">Protected areas of India</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Eastern_Ghats" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Eastern_Ghats" title="Template:Eastern Ghats"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Eastern_Ghats" title="Template talk:Eastern Ghats"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Eastern_Ghats" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Eastern Ghats"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Eastern_Ghats" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Ghats" title="Eastern Ghats">Eastern Ghats</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">States</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Regions of India">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coromandel_coast" class="mw-redirect" title="Coromandel coast">Coromandel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deccan_Plateau" title="Deccan Plateau">Deccan Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Circars" title="Northern Circars">Northern Circars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utkal_Plains" title="Utkal Plains">Utkal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Eastern_Ghats" title="Category:Eastern Ghats">Hills and peaks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arma_Konda" title="Arma Konda">Arma Konda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biligiriranga_Hills" title="Biligiriranga Hills">Bilgiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodhamalai" title="Bodhamalai">Bodhamalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chitteri_Hills" title="Chitteri Hills">Chitteri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deomali_(mountain)" title="Deomali (mountain)">Deomali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erramala" title="Erramala">Erramala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandhamardan_Hills" title="Gandhamardan Hills">Gandhamardan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garhjat_Hills" title="Garhjat Hills">Garhjat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javadi_Hills" title="Javadi Hills">Javadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalrayan_Hills" title="Kalrayan Hills">Kalrayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolli_Hills" title="Kolli Hills">Kolli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahendragiri_(Odisha)" title="Mahendragiri (Odisha)">Mahendragiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayagiri" title="Malayagiri">Malayagiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nallamala_Hills" title="Nallamala Hills">Nallamalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilgiris" class="mw-redirect" title="Nilgiris">Nilgiris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niyamgiri" title="Niyamgiri">Niyamgiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pachaimalai_Hills" title="Pachaimalai Hills">Pachaimalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palkonda_Hills" title="Palkonda Hills">Palkonda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seshachalam_Hills" title="Seshachalam Hills">Seshachalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simhachalam_Hill_Range" title="Simhachalam Hill Range">Simhachalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Servarayan_Hills" title="Servarayan Hills">Servarayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirumalai_Hills" class="mw-redirect" title="Sirumalai Hills">Sirumalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velikonda_Range" title="Velikonda Range">Velikonda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rivers_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Rivers of India">Rivers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amaravathi_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Amaravathi River">Amaravathi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baitarani" class="mw-redirect" title="Baitarani">Baitarani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmani_River" title="Brahmani River">Brahmani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budhabalanga" class="mw-redirect" title="Budhabalanga">Budhabalanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champavathi_River" title="Champavathi River">Champavathi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chitravathi_River" title="Chitravathi River">Chitravathi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godavari" class="mw-redirect" title="Godavari">Godavari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gosthani_River" title="Gosthani River">Gosthani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gundlakamma_River" title="Gundlakamma River">Gundlakamma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaveri" title="Kaveri">Kaveri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_River" title="Krishna River">Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundu_River" title="Kundu River">Kundu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahanadi" title="Mahanadi">Mahanadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagavali_River" title="Nagavali River">Nagavali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palar" class="mw-redirect" title="Palar">Palar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penna_River" title="Penna River">Penna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponnaiyar_River" title="Ponnaiyar River">Ponnaiyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rushikulya" class="mw-redirect" title="Rushikulya">Rushikulya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabari_River" title="Sabari River">Sabari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarada_River" title="Sarada River">Sarada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sileru_River" title="Sileru River">Sileru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subarnarekha_River" title="Subarnarekha River">Subarnarekha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swarnamukhi" title="Swarnamukhi">Swarnamukhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swetha_River" title="Swetha River">Swetha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tammileru" title="Tammileru">Tammileru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thamirabarani_River" title="Thamirabarani River">Thamirabharani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaigai" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaigai">Vaigai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vamsadhara_River" title="Vamsadhara River">Vamsadhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varaha_River" title="Varaha River">Varaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vellar_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Vellar River">Vellar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_waterfalls_in_India" title="List of waterfalls in India">Waterfalls</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agaya_Gangai" title="Agaya Gangai">Agaya Gangai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badaghagara_Waterfall" title="Badaghagara Waterfall">Badaghagara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barehipani_Falls" title="Barehipani Falls">Barehipani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dokarichanchara" title="Dokarichanchara">Dokarichanchara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duduma_Waterfalls" title="Duduma Waterfalls">Duduma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joranda_Falls" title="Joranda Falls">Joranda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khandadhar_Falls,_Kendujhar" title="Khandadhar Falls, Kendujhar">Khandadhar (Kendujhar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khandadhar_Falls_(Sundargarh)" title="Khandadhar Falls (Sundargarh)">Khandadhar (Sundargarh)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiliyur_Falls" title="Kiliyur Falls">Kiliyur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phurlijharan" title="Phurlijharan">Phurlijharan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanaghagara_Waterfall" title="Sanaghagara Waterfall">Sanaghagara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talakona" title="Talakona">Talakona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubbalamadugu_Falls" title="Ubbalamadugu Falls">Ubbalamadugu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of lakes in India">Lakes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chilika_Lake" title="Chilika Lake">Chilika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolleru_Lake" title="Kolleru Lake">Kolleru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulicat_Lake" title="Pulicat Lake">Pulicat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of protected areas in India">Protected areas<br />and reserves</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amrabad" title="Amrabad">Amrabad Tiger Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biligiriranga_Hills" title="Biligiriranga Hills">Biligiri Rangaswamy Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cauvery_North_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Cauvery North Wildlife Sanctuary">Cauvery North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cauvery_South_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Cauvery South Wildlife Sanctuary">Cauvery South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilika_Bird_Sanctuary" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilika Bird Sanctuary">Chilika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coringa_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary">Coringa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gundla_Brahmeswaram_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Gundla Brahmeswaram Wildlife Sanctuary">Gundla Brahmeswaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadgarh_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Hadgarh Wildlife Sanctuary">Hadgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kambalakonda_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary">Kambalakonda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanger_Valley_National_Park" title="Kanger Valley National Park">Kanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlapat_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Karlapat Wildlife Sanctuary">Karlapat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalasuni_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Khalasuni Wildlife Sanctuary">Khalasuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinnerasani_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary">Kinnerasani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolleru_Lake_Bird_Sanctuary" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolleru Lake Bird Sanctuary">Kolleru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary">Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koundinya_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Koundinya Wildlife Sanctuary">Koundinya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakhari_Valley_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Lakhari Valley Wildlife Sanctuary">Lakhari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam_Tiger_Reserve" title="Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve">Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalbana_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Nalbana Bird Sanctuary">Nalbana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelapattu_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Nelapattu Bird Sanctuary">Nelapattu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papikonda_National_Park" title="Papikonda National Park">Papikonda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulicat_Lake_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary">Pulicat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rollapadu_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Rollapadu Wildlife Sanctuary">Rollapadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simlipal_National_Park" title="Simlipal National Park">Simlipal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankamalleswara_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Sri Lankamalleswara Wildlife Sanctuary">Sri Lankamalleswara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Penusila_Narasimha_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Sri Penusila Narasimha Wildlife Sanctuary">Sri Penusila Narasimha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Venkateswara_National_Park" title="Sri Venkateswara National Park">Sri Venkateswara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telineelapuram_and_Telukunchi_Bird_Sanctuaries" title="Telineelapuram and Telukunchi Bird Sanctuaries">Telineelapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunabeda_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Sunabeda Wildlife Sanctuary">Sunabeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ushakothi_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Ushakothi Wildlife Sanctuary">Ushakothi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vedanthangal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/Template:Western_Ghats" title="Template:Western Ghats">Western Ghats</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ramsar_sites_in_India" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#abdb75;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ramsar_sites_in_India" title="Template:Ramsar sites in India"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ramsar_sites_in_India" title="Template talk:Ramsar sites in India"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ramsar_sites_in_India" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ramsar sites in India"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ramsar_sites_in_India" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ramsar_sites_in_India" title="List of Ramsar sites in India">Ramsar sites in India</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kolleru_Lake" title="Kolleru Lake">Kolleru Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dipor_Bil" title="Dipor Bil">Deepor Beel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kanwar_Lake_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Kanwar Lake Bird Sanctuary">Kanwar Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Goa" title="Goa">Goa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nanda_Lake" title="Nanda Lake">Nanda Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khijadiya_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary">Khijadiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nal_Sarovar_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Nal Sarovar Bird Sanctuary">Nalsarovar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thol_Lake" title="Thol Lake">Thol Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadhvana_Wetland" title="Wadhvana Wetland">Wadhvana Wetland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sultanpur_National_Park" title="Sultanpur National Park">Sultanpur National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhindawas_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary">Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh" title="Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chandra_Taal" title="Chandra Taal">Chandra Taal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharana_Pratap_Sagar" title="Maharana Pratap Sagar">Pong Dam Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renuka_Lake" title="Renuka Lake">Renuka Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_(union_territory)" title="Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)">Jammu and Kashmir</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hokersar" title="Hokersar">Hokera Wetland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hygam_Wetland_Conservation_Reserve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hygam Wetland Conservation Reserve (page does not exist)">Hygam Wetland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shallbugh_Wetland_Conservation_Reserve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shallbugh Wetland Conservation Reserve (page does not exist)">Shallbugh Wetland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinsar_Lake" title="Surinsar Lake">Surinsar</a>-<a href="/wiki/Mansar_Lake" title="Mansar Lake">Mansar Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wular_Lake" title="Wular Lake">Wular Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranganathittu_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary">Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashtamudi_Lake" title="Ashtamudi Lake">Ashtamudi Wetland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasthamcotta_Lake" title="Sasthamcotta Lake">Sasthamkotta Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vembanad" title="Vembanad">Vembanad-Kol Wetland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Ladakh" title="Ladakh">Ladakh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tso_Moriri" title="Tso Moriri">Tsomoriri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tso_Kar" title="Tso Kar">Tso Kar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh" title="Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhoj_Wetland" title="Bhoj Wetland">Bhoj Wetland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhav_National_Park" title="Madhav National Park">Sakhya Sagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirpur_Lake" title="Sirpur Lake">Sirpur Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yashwant_Sagar" title="Yashwant Sagar">Yashwant Sagar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nandur_Madhmeshwar_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Nandur Madhmeshwar Bird Sanctuary">Nandur Madhameshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lonar_Lake" title="Lonar Lake">Lonar Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thane_Creek" title="Thane Creek">Thane Creek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Manipur" title="Manipur">Manipur</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loktak_Lake" title="Loktak Lake">Loktak Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Mizoram" title="Mizoram">Mizoram</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palak_Dil" title="Palak Dil">Pala Wetland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anshupa_Lake" title="Anshupa Lake">Anshupa Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhitarkanika_Mangroves" title="Bhitarkanika Mangroves">Bhitarkanika Mangroves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilika_Lake" title="Chilika Lake">Chilika Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hirakud_Dam" title="Hirakud Dam">Hirakud Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satkosia_Gorge" title="Satkosia Gorge">Satkosia Gorge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampara_Lake" title="Tampara Lake">Tampara Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Punjab,_India" title="Punjab, India">Punjab</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beas_Conservation_Reserve" title="Beas Conservation Reserve">Beas Conservation Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harike_Wetland" title="Harike Wetland">Harike Wetland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanjli_Wetland" title="Kanjli Wetland">Kanjli Wetland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keshopur-Miani_Community_Reserve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keshopur-Miani Community Reserve (page does not exist)">Keshopur-Miani Community Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nangal_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary">Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ropar_Wetland" title="Ropar Wetland">Ropar Wetland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Keoladeo_National_Park" title="Keoladeo National Park">Keoladeo National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambhar_Salt_Lake" title="Sambhar Salt Lake">Sambhar Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chitrangudi_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Chitrangudi Bird Sanctuary">Chitrangudi Bird Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mannar_Marine_National_Park" title="Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park">Gulf of Mannar Marine Biosphere Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point_Calimere" title="Point Calimere">Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanjirankulam_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Kanjirankulam Bird Sanctuary">Kanjirankulam Bird Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karikili_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Karikili Bird Sanctuary">Karikili Bird Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koonthankulam_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Koonthankulam Bird Sanctuary">Koonthankulam Bird Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallikaranai_wetland" class="mw-redirect" title="Pallikaranai wetland">Pallikaranai Marsh Reserve Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pichavaram" title="Pichavaram">Pichavaram Mangrove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suchindram_Theroor_Birds_Sanctuary" title="Suchindram Theroor Birds Sanctuary">Suchindram Theroor Wetland Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udayamarthandapuram_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Udayamarthandapuram Bird Sanctuary">Udayamarthandapuram Bird Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaduvoor_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Vaduvoor Bird Sanctuary">Vaduvur Bird Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vellode_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Vellode Bird Sanctuary">Vellode Bird Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vembannur_Wetland_Complex" class="mw-redirect" title="Vembannur Wetland Complex">Vembannur Wetland Complex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Tripura" title="Tripura">Tripura</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rudrasagar_Lake" title="Rudrasagar Lake">Rudrasagar Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bakhira_Sanctuary" title="Bakhira Sanctuary">Bakhira Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiderpur_Wetland" title="Haiderpur Wetland">Haiderpur Wetland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawabganj_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary">Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvati_Arga_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary">Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saman_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Saman Bird Sanctuary">Saman Bird Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaspur_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Samaspur Bird Sanctuary">Samaspur Bird Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandi_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Sandi Bird Sanctuary">Sandi Bird Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarsai_Nawar_Wetland" title="Sarsai Nawar Wetland">Sarsai Nawar Jheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keetham_Lake" title="Keetham Lake">Sur Sarovar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges_Canal" title="Ganges Canal">Upper Ganga River</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand" title="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Asan_Barrage" title="Asan Barrage">Asan Barrage</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Kolkata_Wetlands" title="East Kolkata Wetlands">East Kolkata Wetlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundarbans_National_Park" title="Sundarbans National Park">Sundarban Wetland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2253205#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2253205#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2253205#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/315168580">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&oldid=1258613827">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&oldid=1258613827</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:IUCN_Category_IV" title="Category:IUCN Category IV">IUCN Category IV</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bird_sanctuaries_of_Tamil_Nadu" title="Category:Bird sanctuaries of Tamil Nadu">Bird sanctuaries of Tamil Nadu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Important_Bird_Areas_of_India" title="Category:Important Bird Areas of India">Important Bird Areas of India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Protected_areas_of_Tamil_Nadu" title="Category:Protected areas of Tamil Nadu">Protected areas of Tamil Nadu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Protected_areas_established_in_1936" title="Category:Protected areas established in 1936">Protected areas established in 1936</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1936_establishments_in_India" title="Category:1936 establishments in India">1936 establishments in India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ramsar_sites_in_India" title="Category:Ramsar sites in India">Ramsar sites in India</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_March_2017" title="Category:Use dmy dates from March 2017">Use dmy dates from March 2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_Indian_English_from_March_2017" title="Category:Use Indian English from March 2017">Use Indian English from March 2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_Indian_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English">All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 20 November 2024, at 17:48<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-ps8jv","wgBackendResponseTime":142,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.513","walltime":"0.722","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2991,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":125226,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":7177,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":24,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":4,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":98755,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 599.634 1 -total"," 37.38% 224.123 3 Template:Infobox"," 27.02% 162.012 1 Template:Infobox_protected_area"," 23.97% 143.747 1 Template:Reflist"," 12.36% 74.129 3 Template:Navbox"," 12.13% 72.715 4 Template:Cite_web"," 12.07% 72.360 1 Template:Short_description"," 11.35% 68.074 1 Template:Protected_areas_of_Tamil_Nadu"," 8.56% 51.305 1 Template:Location_map"," 8.01% 48.048 5 Template:If_empty"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.286","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":8263133,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-7n487","timestamp":"20241122143820","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2253205","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2253205","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2008-12-12T10:01:03Z","dateModified":"2024-11-20T17:48:50Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/dd\/Vedanthangal_Lake.JPG","headline":"Nature preserving sanctuary in Tamil Nadu, India"}</script> </body> </html>