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menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-12734"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/explosiveviolence/">Explosive violence monitor</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-33494" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-33494"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/explosiveviolence/">AOAV’s Explosive Violence Monitor</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-41946" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-41946"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/state-actors/">State actors</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-41955" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-41955"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/state-actors/russian-armed-forces/">Russia</a></li><li id="menu-item-41954" class="menu-item 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href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/non-state-actors/al-shabaab/">Al Shabaab</a></li><li id="menu-item-41953" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-41953"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/non-state-actors/houthis/">The Houthis</a></li><li id="menu-item-41950" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-41950"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/non-state-actors/boko-haram/">Boko Haram</a></li><li id="menu-item-41952" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-41952"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/non-state-actors/jamaat-ul-ahrar/">Jamaat-ul Ahrar</a></li><li id="menu-item-41948" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-41948"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/non-state-actors/tehrik-e-taliban-pakistan/">The Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan</a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-40669" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40669"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/afghanistan/">Afghanistan</a></li><li id="menu-item-40670" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40670"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/explosive-violence-in-azerbaijan/">Azerbaijan</a></li><li id="menu-item-40672" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40672"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/gaza/">Gaza</a></li><li id="menu-item-40673" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40673"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/explosive-violence-in-india/">India</a></li><li id="menu-item-40674" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40674"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/iraq/">Iraq</a></li><li id="menu-item-40675" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40675"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/explosive-violence-in-israel/">Israel</a></li><li id="menu-item-40676" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40676"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/libya/">Libya</a></li><li id="menu-item-40677" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40677"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/explosive-violence-in-myanmar/">Myanmar</a></li><li id="menu-item-40678" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40678"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/nigeria/">Nigeria</a></li><li id="menu-item-40679" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40679"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/pakistan/">Pakistan</a></li><li id="menu-item-40683" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40683"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/explosive-violence-in-the-philippines/">Philippines</a></li><li id="menu-item-40680" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40680"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/somalia/">Somalia</a></li><li id="menu-item-25032" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25032"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons-news/manufactured-explosive-weapons/reverberating-effects/sri-lanka-case-study/">Sri Lanka</a></li><li id="menu-item-40681" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40681"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/explosive-violence-in-sudan/">Sudan</a></li><li id="menu-item-40682" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40682"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/syria/">Syria</a></li><li id="menu-item-40684" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40684"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/turkey-explosive-weapons/">Turkey</a></li><li id="menu-item-40685" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40685"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/ukraine/">Ukraine</a></li><li id="menu-item-40686" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40686"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/yemen/">Yemen</a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-40710" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-40710"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/explosiveviolence/methodology/">Methodology</a></li><li id="menu-item-42398" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-42398"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/explosive-violence-monitor-2023/">2023 Monitor</a></li><li id="menu-item-25872" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25872"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2023/explosive-violence-monitor-2022/">2022 Monitor</a></li><li id="menu-item-33495" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-33495"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2022/explosive-violence-monitor-2021/">2021 Monitor</a></li><li id="menu-item-30724" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-30724"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2021/explosive-violence-monitor-2020/">2020 Monitor</a></li><li id="menu-item-29226" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-29226"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2020/explosive-violence-monitor-2019/">2019 Monitor</a></li><li id="menu-item-42345" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-42345"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2019/explosive-violence-monitor-2018/">2018 Monitor</a></li><li id="menu-item-42399" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-42399"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2018/explosive-violence-monitor-2017/">2017 Monitor</a></li><li id="menu-item-42404" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-42404"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2017/explosive-violence-monitor-2016/">2016 Monitor</a></li><li id="menu-item-42411" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-42411"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2016/explosive-violence-monitor-2015/">2015 Monitor</a></li><li id="menu-item-12779" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-12779"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2015/explosive-violence-monitor-2014/">2014 Monitor</a></li><li id="menu-item-12778" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-12778"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2014/explosive-violence-monitor-2013/">2013 Monitor</a></li><li id="menu-item-12783" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-12783"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2013/explosive-violence-monitor-2012/">2012 Monitor</a></li><li id="menu-item-12781" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-12781"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2012/explosive-violence-monitor-2011/">2011 Monitor</a></li><li id="menu-item-13154" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-13154"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/report-translations/">Translations</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-13477" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13477"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-monitor-report-translations/%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%ac%d9%8a%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9/">Arabic/العربية</a></li><li id="menu-item-13524" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13524"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-monitor-report-translations/monitoringverslagen-over-explosieven-in-het-nederlands/">Dutch/Nederlands</a></li><li id="menu-item-14974" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-14974"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-monitor-report-translations/suomi/">Finnish/Suomi</a></li><li id="menu-item-13530" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13530"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-monitor-report-translations/rapports-sur-la-violence-explosive-en-francais/">French/Français</a></li><li id="menu-item-13420" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13420"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-monitor-report-translations/explosionsmonitor-berichte-auf-deutsch/">German/Deutsch</a></li><li id="menu-item-13475" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13475"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-monitor-report-translations/%ce%b5%ce%ba%ce%b8%ce%ad%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b9%cf%82-%cf%80%ce%b1%cf%81%ce%b1%ce%ba%ce%bf%ce%bb%ce%bf%cf%8d%ce%b8%ce%b7%cf%83%ce%b7%cf%82-%ce%b5%ce%ba%cf%81%ce%b7%ce%ba%cf%84%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%ae%cf%82/">Greek/ελληνικά</a></li><li id="menu-item-13153" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13153"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-monitor-report-translations/%e9%98%bb%e6%ad%a2%e6%ad%a6%e8%a3%9d%e6%9a%b4%e5%8a%9b%e8%a1%8c%e5%8b%95/">Mandarin/中文</a></li><li id="menu-item-29461" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-29461"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/key-report-translations/rapporto-sulle-esplosioni-violente-in-italiano/">Italian/Italiano</a></li><li id="menu-item-13531" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13531"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-monitor-report-translations/portugues/">Portuguese/Português</a></li><li id="menu-item-13429" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13429"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-monitor-report-translations/reportes-del-observador-de-explosivos-en-espanol/">Spanish/Español</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="divider"></li><li id="menu-item-12421" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-12421"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/manufactured-explosive-weapons/">Manufactured explosives</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-31633" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-31633"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/weapons-explained/anatomies-of-explosive-weapons-attacks/">Manufactured Explosive Weapons explained</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-23178" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-23178"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/weapons-explained/anatomies-of-explosive-weapons-attacks/air-dropped-bombs-in-yemen/">Air strikes</a></li><li id="menu-item-31637" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-31637"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/weapons-explained/anatomies-of-explosive-weapons-attacks/an-anatomy-of-an-artillery-strike/">Artillery strikes</a></li><li id="menu-item-13949" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13949"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/weapons-explained/anatomies-of-explosive-weapons-attacks/grad-attack/">Grads</a></li><li id="menu-item-31767" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-31767"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/weapons-explained/anatomies-of-explosive-weapons-attacks/an-anatomy-of-a-grenade-attack/">Grenades</a></li><li id="menu-item-31772" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-31772"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/weapons-explained/anatomies-of-explosive-weapons-attacks/an-anatomy-of-a-landmine-blast/">Landmines</a></li><li id="menu-item-13883" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13883"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/weapons-explained/anatomies-of-explosive-weapons-attacks/mortar-attacks/">Mortars</a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-26504" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-26504"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/reverberating-effects/impact-of-explosive-violence-on-civilians/">Impact of explosive violence on civilians</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-25695" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25695"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/children-explosive-violence/">Children</a></li><li id="menu-item-25745" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25745"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/environment/">Environment</a></li><li id="menu-item-25459" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-25459"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/reverberating-effects/gender-and-explosive-violence/">Gender</a></li><li id="menu-item-25747" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25747"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/health/">Health</a></li><li id="menu-item-18799" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-18799"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/reverberating-effects/refugee-explosion/">Refugees</a></li><li id="menu-item-26547" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-26547"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/victims-rights/">Victims</a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-23177" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-23177"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/air-strikes/">Air strikes</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-24864" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-24864"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/air-strikes/air-rules-of-engagement/">Air Rules of Engagement</a></li><li id="menu-item-24551" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-24551"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/air-strikes/air-strikes-and-terror-attacks-examined/">Air strikes and terror attacks examined</a></li><li id="menu-item-16195" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-16195"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/air-strikes/drones/">Drones</a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-22461" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-22461"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/reverberating-effects-of-explosive-violence/">Reverberating effects</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-21468" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-21468"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2013/syrias-dirty-dozen/">Syria</a></li><li id="menu-item-25031" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25031"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons-news/manufactured-explosive-weapons/reverberating-effects/lebanon-case-study/">Lebanon</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="divider"></li><li id="menu-item-12418" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-12418"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/explosiveviolence/ieds/">Improvised Explosives (IEDs)</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-21988" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-21988"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2019/aoavs-research-on-improvised-explosive-devices-ieds/">IED types</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-20013" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-20013"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/explosiveviolence/ieds/understanding-rising-cult-suicide-bomber/">Suicide bombings</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-15889" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-15889"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/weapons-explained/anatomies-of-explosive-weapons-attacks/anatomy-of-a-suicide-bombing/">A suicide bombing in Pakistan examined</a></li><li id="menu-item-15777" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-15777"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/ied-key-reports/ieds-and-suicide-bombings/2013-boston-marathon-bombings-report/">Boston Marathon bombing</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-15891" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-15891"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/ied-key-reports/ieds-and-suicide-bombings/material-harm/">IED precursors</a></li><li id="menu-item-26508" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-26508"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/reverberating-effects/impact-of-explosive-violence-on-civilians/">Impact of IEDs on civilians</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-25694" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25694"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/children-explosive-violence/">Children</a></li><li id="menu-item-25744" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25744"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/environment/">Environment</a></li><li id="menu-item-25496" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-25496"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/reverberating-effects/gender-and-explosive-violence/">Gender</a></li><li id="menu-item-24066" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-24066"><a href="https://donorbox.org/action-on-armed-violence">Please fund us</a></li><li id="menu-item-25746" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25746"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/health/">Health</a></li><li id="menu-item-39625" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-39625"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/reverberating-effects/refugee-explosion/">Refugees</a></li><li id="menu-item-28460" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-28460"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/victims-rights/">Victim assistance</a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-21744" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-21744"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2016/counter-improvised-explosive-devices-c-ied-mapping/">Counter-IED map</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-15838" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-15838"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/ied-key-reports/ieds-and-suicide-bombings/tracking-ied-harm/">Who is reporting IED harm?</a></li><li id="menu-item-21330" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-21330"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/explosiveviolence/ieds/addressing-threat-posed-ieds-national-regional-global-initiatives/">Addressing the threat posed by IEDs</a></li><li id="menu-item-21751" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-21751"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2017/international/">Global C-IED initiatives</a></li><li id="menu-item-21755" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-21755"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2017/military/">Military C-IED units</a></li><li id="menu-item-21758" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-21758"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2017/ngo/">NGO C-IED work</a></li><li id="menu-item-21762" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-21762"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2017/police/">Police C-IED units</a></li><li id="menu-item-21764" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-21764"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2017/private/">Private C-IED organisations</a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-15805" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-15805"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2016/non-state-actor-nsa-use-ieds/">Non-state actor use of IEDs</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-14636" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-14636"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/non-state-actors/islamic-state/">Explosive violence by Islamic State</a></li><li id="menu-item-15782" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-15782"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/non-state-actors/boko-haram/">Explosive violence by Boko Haram</a></li><li id="menu-item-15783" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-15783"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/non-state-actors/taliban/">Explosive violence by the Taliban</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="divider"></li><li id="menu-item-12798" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-12798"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/guns/">Guns & Knives</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-30410" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-30410"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/police-forces/">Police Forces</a></li><li id="menu-item-40454" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40454"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/police-forces/london-murder-capital/">London: murder capital</a></li><li id="menu-item-34835" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-34835"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/guns/">Gun violence</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-14903" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-14903"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/guns/15-mass-shootings-that-changed-the-law/">Mass shootings that changed the law</a></li><li id="menu-item-21500" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-21500"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2014/devils-trade-guns-violence-el-salvador/">Guns in El Salvador</a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-33000" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-33000"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/knife-crime/">Knife violence</a></li></ul></li><li class="divider"></li><li id="menu-item-21898" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-21898"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/">Militarism examined</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-43885" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-43885"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/the-digital-frontline-disinformation-and-ai-in-modern-warfare/">The Digital Frontline: Disinformation and AI in Modern Warfare</a></li><li id="menu-item-34757" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-34757"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/special-forces/">UK Special Forces</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-34319" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-34319"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/special-forces/killing-in-the-shadows/">Killing in the Shadows: UKSF extra-judicial murders</a></li><li id="menu-item-34788" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-34788"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/uksf-global-operations/">UK Special Forces Global Operations</a></li><li id="menu-item-40004" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40004"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/special-forces/independent-inquiry-relating-to-afghanistan/">Independent Inquiry relating to Afghanistan</a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-35940" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-35940"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/civilian-deaths-from-british-military-action/">Civilian deaths from British military action</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-29303" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-29303"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/deaths-in-the-war-on-terror/">Deaths in the ‘War on Terror’</a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-39889" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-39889"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/wikileaks-iraq-war-logs/">Wikileak’s Iraq War Logs</a></li><li id="menu-item-25495" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-25495"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/media-reporting-of-explosive-violence/">Media, militarism and culture</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-38965" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-38965"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/media-reporting-of-explosive-violence/reporting-on-the-war-in-ukraine/">Reporting on the war in Ukraine</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="divider"></li><li id="menu-item-23215" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children has-dropdown menu-item-23215"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/uk-arms-export-countries/">Arms Exports</a><ul class="sub-menu dropdown"><li id="menu-item-37300" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-37300"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/uk-arms-export-countries/arms-trade-treaty-examined/">The Arms Trade Treaty</a></li><li id="menu-item-42080" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-42080"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/uk-arms-export-countries/who-is-arming-israel/">Who is arming Israel?</a></li><li id="menu-item-42167" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-42167"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/uk-arms-export-countries/bae-systems-examined/">Who does BAE Systems sell to?</a></li><li id="menu-item-36654" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-36654"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/uk-arms-export-countries/uk-arms-exports-to-countries-of-concern/">UK arms exports to countries of concern</a></li><li id="menu-item-14637" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-14637"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/uk-arms-export-countries/us-department-of-defence-contract-analysis/">US arms exports under scrutiny</a></li></ul></li></ul></section></nav><div id="header-wrap"><div class="row"><header role="banner" class="site-header small-12 columns" id="masthead"><div class="title-area"><h1 class="site-title"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk" rel="home">AOAV</a></h1></div><div class="hide-for-small search"><form role="search" method="get" id="searchform" action="https://aoav.org.uk/"> <input id="search_input" type="text" placeholder="Search AOAV..." name="s"> <button title="Search" class="icon-search" value="search" type="submit" 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class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-41959"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/state-actors/us-led-coalition/">US-led coalition</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-41960"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/state-actors/myanmar-military/">Myanmar</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children menu-item-41945"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/non-state-actors/">Non-state actors</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-41951"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/non-state-actors/islamic-state/">Islamic State</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-41947"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/non-state-actors/taliban/">The Taliban</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-41949"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/non-state-actors/al-shabaab/">Al Shabaab</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-41953"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/non-state-actors/houthis/">The Houthis</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-41950"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/non-state-actors/boko-haram/">Boko Haram</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-41952"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/non-state-actors/jamaat-ul-ahrar/">Jamaat-ul Ahrar</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-41948"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/non-state-actors/tehrik-e-taliban-pakistan/">The Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40669"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/afghanistan/">Afghanistan</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40670"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/explosive-violence-in-azerbaijan/">Azerbaijan</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40672"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/gaza/">Gaza</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40673"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/explosive-violence-in-india/">India</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40674"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/iraq/">Iraq</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40675"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/explosive-violence-in-israel/">Israel</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40676"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/libya/">Libya</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40677"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/explosive-violence-in-myanmar/">Myanmar</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40678"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/nigeria/">Nigeria</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40679"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/pakistan/">Pakistan</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40683"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/explosive-violence-in-the-philippines/">Philippines</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40680"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/somalia/">Somalia</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25032"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons-news/manufactured-explosive-weapons/reverberating-effects/sri-lanka-case-study/">Sri Lanka</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40681"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/explosive-violence-in-sudan/">Sudan</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40682"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/syria/">Syria</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40684"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/turkey-explosive-weapons/">Turkey</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40685"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/ukraine/">Ukraine</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40686"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/yemen/">Yemen</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-40710"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/explosiveviolence/methodology/">Methodology</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-42398"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/explosive-violence-monitor-2023/">2023 Monitor</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25872"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2023/explosive-violence-monitor-2022/">2022 Monitor</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-33495"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2022/explosive-violence-monitor-2021/">2021 Monitor</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-30724"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2021/explosive-violence-monitor-2020/">2020 Monitor</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-29226"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2020/explosive-violence-monitor-2019/">2019 Monitor</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-42345"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2019/explosive-violence-monitor-2018/">2018 Monitor</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-42399"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2018/explosive-violence-monitor-2017/">2017 Monitor</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-42404"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2017/explosive-violence-monitor-2016/">2016 Monitor</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-42411"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2016/explosive-violence-monitor-2015/">2015 Monitor</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-12779"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2015/explosive-violence-monitor-2014/">2014 Monitor</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-12778"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2014/explosive-violence-monitor-2013/">2013 Monitor</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-12783"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2013/explosive-violence-monitor-2012/">2012 Monitor</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-12781"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2012/explosive-violence-monitor-2011/">2011 Monitor</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-13154"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/report-translations/">Translations</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13477"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-monitor-report-translations/%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%ac%d9%8a%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9/">Arabic/العربية</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13524"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-monitor-report-translations/monitoringverslagen-over-explosieven-in-het-nederlands/">Dutch/Nederlands</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-14974"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-monitor-report-translations/suomi/">Finnish/Suomi</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13530"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-monitor-report-translations/rapports-sur-la-violence-explosive-en-francais/">French/Français</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13420"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-monitor-report-translations/explosionsmonitor-berichte-auf-deutsch/">German/Deutsch</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13475"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-monitor-report-translations/%ce%b5%ce%ba%ce%b8%ce%ad%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b9%cf%82-%cf%80%ce%b1%cf%81%ce%b1%ce%ba%ce%bf%ce%bb%ce%bf%cf%8d%ce%b8%ce%b7%cf%83%ce%b7%cf%82-%ce%b5%ce%ba%cf%81%ce%b7%ce%ba%cf%84%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%ae%cf%82/">Greek/ελληνικά</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13153"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-monitor-report-translations/%e9%98%bb%e6%ad%a2%e6%ad%a6%e8%a3%9d%e6%9a%b4%e5%8a%9b%e8%a1%8c%e5%8b%95/">Mandarin/中文</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-29461"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/key-report-translations/rapporto-sulle-esplosioni-violente-in-italiano/">Italian/Italiano</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13531"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-monitor-report-translations/portugues/">Portuguese/Português</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13429"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-monitor-report-translations/reportes-del-observador-de-explosivos-en-espanol/">Spanish/Español</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-12421"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/manufactured-explosive-weapons/">Manufactured explosives</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children menu-item-31633"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/weapons-explained/anatomies-of-explosive-weapons-attacks/">Manufactured Explosive Weapons explained</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-23178"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/weapons-explained/anatomies-of-explosive-weapons-attacks/air-dropped-bombs-in-yemen/">Air strikes</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-31637"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/weapons-explained/anatomies-of-explosive-weapons-attacks/an-anatomy-of-an-artillery-strike/">Artillery strikes</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13949"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/weapons-explained/anatomies-of-explosive-weapons-attacks/grad-attack/">Grads</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-31767"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/weapons-explained/anatomies-of-explosive-weapons-attacks/an-anatomy-of-a-grenade-attack/">Grenades</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-31772"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/weapons-explained/anatomies-of-explosive-weapons-attacks/an-anatomy-of-a-landmine-blast/">Landmines</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13883"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/weapons-explained/anatomies-of-explosive-weapons-attacks/mortar-attacks/">Mortars</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children menu-item-26504"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/reverberating-effects/impact-of-explosive-violence-on-civilians/">Impact of explosive violence on civilians</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25695"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/children-explosive-violence/">Children</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25745"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/environment/">Environment</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-25459"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/reverberating-effects/gender-and-explosive-violence/">Gender</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25747"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/health/">Health</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-18799"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/reverberating-effects/refugee-explosion/">Refugees</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-26547"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/victims-rights/">Victims</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children menu-item-23177"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/air-strikes/">Air strikes</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-24864"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/air-strikes/air-rules-of-engagement/">Air Rules of Engagement</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-24551"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/air-strikes/air-strikes-and-terror-attacks-examined/">Air strikes and terror attacks examined</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-16195"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/air-strikes/drones/">Drones</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-22461"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/reverberating-effects-of-explosive-violence/">Reverberating effects</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-21468"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2013/syrias-dirty-dozen/">Syria</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25031"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons-news/manufactured-explosive-weapons/reverberating-effects/lebanon-case-study/">Lebanon</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-12418"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/explosiveviolence/ieds/">Improvised Explosives (IEDs)</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-21988"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2019/aoavs-research-on-improvised-explosive-devices-ieds/">IED types</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-20013"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/explosiveviolence/ieds/understanding-rising-cult-suicide-bomber/">Suicide bombings</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-15889"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/manufactured-explosive-weapons/weapons-explained/anatomies-of-explosive-weapons-attacks/anatomy-of-a-suicide-bombing/">A suicide bombing in Pakistan examined</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-15777"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/ied-key-reports/ieds-and-suicide-bombings/2013-boston-marathon-bombings-report/">Boston Marathon bombing</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-15891"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/ied-key-reports/ieds-and-suicide-bombings/material-harm/">IED precursors</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children menu-item-26508"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/reverberating-effects/impact-of-explosive-violence-on-civilians/">Impact of IEDs on civilians</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25694"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/children-explosive-violence/">Children</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25744"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/environment/">Environment</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-25496"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/reverberating-effects/gender-and-explosive-violence/">Gender</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-24066"><a href="https://donorbox.org/action-on-armed-violence">Please fund us</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25746"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/health/">Health</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-39625"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/reverberating-effects/refugee-explosion/">Refugees</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-28460"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/victims-rights/">Victim assistance</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-21744"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2016/counter-improvised-explosive-devices-c-ied-mapping/">Counter-IED map</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-15838"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/ied-key-reports/ieds-and-suicide-bombings/tracking-ied-harm/">Who is reporting IED harm?</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-21330"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/explosiveviolence/ieds/addressing-threat-posed-ieds-national-regional-global-initiatives/">Addressing the threat posed by IEDs</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-21751"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2017/international/">Global C-IED initiatives</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-21755"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2017/military/">Military C-IED units</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-21758"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2017/ngo/">NGO C-IED work</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-21762"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2017/police/">Police C-IED units</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-21764"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2017/private/">Private C-IED organisations</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-15805"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2016/non-state-actor-nsa-use-ieds/">Non-state actor use of IEDs</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-14636"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/non-state-actors/islamic-state/">Explosive violence by Islamic State</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-15782"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/non-state-actors/boko-haram/">Explosive violence by Boko Haram</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-15783"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/non-state-actors/taliban/">Explosive violence by the Taliban</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-12798"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/guns/">Guns & Knives</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-30410"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/police-forces/">Police Forces</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40454"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/police-forces/london-murder-capital/">London: murder capital</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children menu-item-34835"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/guns/">Gun violence</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-14903"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/guns/15-mass-shootings-that-changed-the-law/">Mass shootings that changed the law</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-21500"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2014/devils-trade-guns-violence-el-salvador/">Guns in El Salvador</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-33000"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/knife-crime/">Knife violence</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children menu-item-21898"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/">Militarism examined</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-43885"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/the-digital-frontline-disinformation-and-ai-in-modern-warfare/">The Digital Frontline: Disinformation and AI in Modern Warfare</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children menu-item-34757"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/special-forces/">UK Special Forces</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-34319"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/special-forces/killing-in-the-shadows/">Killing in the Shadows: UKSF extra-judicial murders</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-34788"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/uksf-global-operations/">UK Special Forces Global Operations</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40004"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/special-forces/independent-inquiry-relating-to-afghanistan/">Independent Inquiry relating to Afghanistan</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children menu-item-35940"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/civilian-deaths-from-british-military-action/">Civilian deaths from British military action</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-29303"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/deaths-in-the-war-on-terror/">Deaths in the ‘War on Terror’</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-39889"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/wikileaks-iraq-war-logs/">Wikileak’s Iraq War Logs</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children menu-item-25495"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/media-reporting-of-explosive-violence/">Media, militarism and culture</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-38965"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/media-reporting-of-explosive-violence/reporting-on-the-war-in-ukraine/">Reporting on the war in Ukraine</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children menu-item-23215"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/uk-arms-export-countries/">Arms Exports</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-37300"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/uk-arms-export-countries/arms-trade-treaty-examined/">The Arms Trade Treaty</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-42080"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/uk-arms-export-countries/who-is-arming-israel/">Who is arming Israel?</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-42167"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/uk-arms-export-countries/bae-systems-examined/">Who does BAE Systems sell to?</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-36654"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/uk-arms-export-countries/uk-arms-exports-to-countries-of-concern/">UK arms exports to countries of concern</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-14637"><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/uk-arms-export-countries/us-department-of-defence-contract-analysis/">US arms exports under scrutiny</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></nav></div></div></div><div id="wrap"><div class="row"><div class="large-8 columns"><div id="featured" class="flexslider"><ul class="slides"><li> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/how-bae-systems-helped-arm-half-the-world-key-findings/" title="How BAE Systems helped arm half the world: report and key findings" style="display:block"> <img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/18-facts-about-bae-systems-1696256613-640x420.jpg" class="attachment-carousel-skinny size-carousel-skinny wp-post-image" alt="BAE Systems, arms trade, global arms sales, UK arms manufacturer, weapon exports, military relationships, human rights, explosive weapons, corruption, Transparency International, ethical concerns, war profits, military coups, BAE clients, arms deals, defense industry, global defense landscape, weapons technology, SIPRI, military expenditures, geopolitical alliances, NATO, EU, arms sales transparency, Conflict and Violence, legal disclaimer, British military spending, arms export controls, international humanitarian law, UK arms policy, BAE profits, arms manufacturing ethics, global military trade." decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" /><div class="inner"><h4 class="title">How BAE Systems helped arm half the world: report and key findings</h4><p class="excerpt"><time class="date">15 Apr</time>This report scrutinises the British arms manufacturer BAE Systems, focusing on its secretive client list including nations with questionable human rights records, and its pervasive global reach across almost every continent, especially in regions rife with conflict.</p></div> </a></li><li> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2023/numbers-of-civilian-deaths-per-airstrike-in-gaza-today-far-higher-than-previous-israeli-bombings-but-half-that-of-russian-syrian-attacks-in-mosul-and-aleppo-under-reporting-of-the-dead-or-less-letha/" title="Numbers of civilian deaths per injurious airstrike in 2023 Gaza at least four times higher than previous Israeli bombings, AOAV finds" style="display:block"> <img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Fars_Photo_of_Destruction_in_Gaza_Strip_during_2023_War_11-640x420.jpg" class="attachment-carousel-skinny size-carousel-skinny wp-post-image" alt="Gaza, Operation Swords of Iron, Civilian Casualties, Air Strikes, IDF, International Humanitarian Law, Conflict, Civilian Death Rate, Military Tactics, Aleppo, Mosul, Raqqa, Urban Warfare, AOAV, Human Rights, International Intervention." decoding="async" /><div class="inner"><h4 class="title">Numbers of civilian deaths per injurious airstrike in 2023 Gaza at least four times higher than previous Israeli bombings, AOAV finds</h4><p class="excerpt"><time class="date">7 Nov</time>The "Operation Swords of Iron" in Gaza, October 2023, has seen a significant surge in civilian deaths from airstrikes, with fatalities per strike exceeding past operations and raising questions about adherence to international humanitarian law.</p></div> </a></li><li> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/who-is-arming-israel-report-and-key-findings/" title="Who is arming Israel? Report and key findings" style="display:block"> <img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/7d917471-69ef-4ce4-94c8-ec59c29a796e-640x420.webp" class="attachment-carousel-skinny size-carousel-skinny wp-post-image" alt="Who is arming Israel?" decoding="async" /><div class="inner"><h4 class="title">Who is arming Israel? Report and key findings</h4><p class="excerpt"><time class="date">12 Apr</time>AOAV's report 'Who is arming Israel?' analyses the arms provided to Israel by the UK, US, and other nations, focusing on arms exports within the context of allegations of war crimes by the Israeli armed forces</p></div> </a></li><li> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2023/assessing-the-effectiveness-of-the-arms-trade-treaty-on-reducing-civilian-harm-from-conventional-explosive-weapons-in-populated-areas/" title="Assessing the effectiveness of the Arms Trade Treaty on reducing civilian harm from conventional explosive weapons in populated areas" style="display:block"> <img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Screenshot-2023-02-14-at-12.37.46-min-532x420.jpg" class="attachment-carousel-skinny size-carousel-skinny wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /><div class="inner"><h4 class="title">Assessing the effectiveness of the Arms Trade Treaty on reducing civilian harm from conventional explosive weapons in populated areas</h4><p class="excerpt"><time class="date">15 Feb</time>AOAV assessed the ATT's influence on civilian harm from explosive weapons.</p></div> </a></li><li> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2022/killing-in-the-shadows-the-report/" title="Killing in the Shadows: AOAV details allegations British SAS killed Afghan civilians" style="display:block"> <img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/125863755_yy1200-sas-death-squads-exposed_-a-british-war-crime_7-640x420.jpg" class="attachment-carousel-skinny size-carousel-skinny wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /><div class="inner"><h4 class="title">Killing in the Shadows: AOAV details allegations British SAS killed Afghan civilians</h4><p class="excerpt"><time class="date">12 Jul</time>SAS operatives in Afghanistan repeatedly killed detainees and unarmed men in suspicious circumstances: an investigation by AOAV in collaboration with BBC Panorama.</p></div> </a></li><li> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/aoav-film-spotlights-palestinian-students-living-with-disabilities-amid-israels-bombardment/" title="AOAV film spotlights Palestinian students living with disabilities amid Israel’s bombardment" style="display:block"> <img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Screenshot-2024-10-07-at-14.32.12-640x420.jpg" class="attachment-carousel-skinny size-carousel-skinny wp-post-image" alt="AOAV, Gaza, disabilities, conflict, Israel, Islamic University of Gaza, social media storytelling, Iain Overton, resilience, human rights, Palestinian Ministry of Health, UN WHO, OHCHR, airstrike, media coverage, disability rights, Middle East" decoding="async" /><div class="inner"><h4 class="title">AOAV film spotlights Palestinian students living with disabilities amid Israel’s bombardment</h4><p class="excerpt"><time class="date">7 Oct</time>AOAV's short film, Voice Notes from Palestine, highlights the experiences of students with disabilities from the Islamic University of Gaza during Israel’s bombardment and siege.</p></div> </a></li><li> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/gendered-patterns-in-explosive-violence-a-policy-brief-on-understanding-the-impact-of-explosive-weapons-on-women/" title="Gendered patterns in explosive violence: a policy brief on understanding the impact of explosive weapons on women" style="display:block"> <img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/7b57f749-652b-463b-883a-7ec9f6a119a5-640x420.webp" class="attachment-carousel-skinny size-carousel-skinny wp-post-image" alt="Explosive Violence, Gender Dynamics, Conflict Zones, Women's Empowerment, Armed Conflict, Gender Norms, Civil War, Data Analysis, AOAV, Women's Rights, Victimization, Social Impact" decoding="async" /><div class="inner"><h4 class="title">Gendered patterns in explosive violence: a policy brief on understanding the impact of explosive weapons on women</h4><p class="excerpt"><time class="date">19 Apr</time>New research uncovers how societal norms and women's empowerment influence the disproportionate impact of explosive violence on women in conflict zones, challenging assumptions of gender-neutrality in armed conflicts.</p></div> </a></li><li> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2023/an-analysis-of-the-7th-of-october-2023-casualties-in-israel-as-a-result-of-the-hamas-attack/" title="An analysis of the 7th of October 2023 casualties in Israel" style="display:block"> <img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/654bddb73cc84b4dfafed4e9-640x420.webp" class="attachment-carousel-skinny size-carousel-skinny wp-post-image" alt="Hamas Attack, Israel, October 2023, Yom Kippur, Casualty Analysis, Military Demographics, Geographic Impact, Israel-Hamas Conflict, Policy Formulation, Response Strategies, Strategic Analysis, Conflict Studies, Middle Eastern Politics, International Relations, Security Studies, Counterterrorism, Peacebuilding, Regional Stability, Socio-political Implications." decoding="async" /><div class="inner"><h4 class="title">An analysis of the 7th of October 2023 casualties in Israel</h4><p class="excerpt"><time class="date">20 Dec</time>This report provides an in-depth analysis of the Hamas attack in Israel on October 7, 2023, examining the strategic impact, demographic patterns of casualties, and broader implications for the Israel-Hamas conflict.</p></div> </a></li></ul></div><div class="row"><div class="large-12 columns"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/key-aoav-research-papers/" class="jumpto-reports"> <img alt="Report icon" class="icon icon-report" src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/themes/aoav2013/img/icon-report.png"> <span class="title">AOAV’s Key Reports <span class="click">Click here</span></span><div class="clearfix"></div> </a></div></div><div id="latest-on-armed-violence" class="row"><div class="large-12 columns"><h4 class="cat-title">Latest on Armed Violence</h4><ul class="large-block-grid-2 article-list"><li class="article"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/opt-casualty-monitor/" title="Occupied Palestinian Territories: AOAV explosive violence data on harm to civilians"><div class="top"><h6 class="section-title">Gaza</h6><div class="thumb"> <img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Screenshot-2023-11-16-at-17.24.26-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></div><div class="date">23 Sep</div></div><div class="bottom"><h4 class="entry-title">Occupied Palestinian Territories: AOAV explosive violence data on harm to civilians</h4><p class="excerpt">As of 23 September 2024, AOAV has recorded 30,969 civilian casualties (19,950 killed, 11,019 injured) of explosive weapons use in the OPT in the course of Operation Swords of Iron.</p></div> </a></li><li class="article"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/ukraine-casualty-monitor/" title="Ukraine: AOAV explosive violence data on harm to civilians"><div class="top"><h6 class="section-title">Ukraine</h6><div class="thumb"> <img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/image-asset-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></div><div class="date">23 Sep</div></div><div class="bottom"><h4 class="entry-title">Ukraine: AOAV explosive violence data on harm to civilians</h4><p class="excerpt">In the Russian invasion of Ukraine, AOAV has so far recorded 31,556 casualties from explosive weapon use across 7,020 incidents up to the 23 September 2024; this includes 27,479 civilians.</p></div> </a></li></ul></div></div></div><div id="sidebar" class="large-4 columns"><aside id="explosive-weapons-by-numbers"><h3>Explosive weapon harm</h3><p>Numbers killed or injured globally</p><div class="ytd"> <span class="title">Increase in global explosive violence harm to civilians from 2022 to 2023</span> <span class="number">67%</span></div><div class="latest-month"> <span class="title">Global civilian casualties from explosive weapons in 2023</span> <span class="number">34, 791</span></div><div class="previous-total"> <span class="title">Percentage of people harmed by explosive weapons in populated areas who were civilians. </span> <span class="number">90%</span></div></aside><aside id="tabs" class="section-container auto" data-section="tabs"><section class="latest-posts active"><p class="title" data-section-title> <a href="#Latest">Latest</a></p><div class="content" data-section-content><div class="wrap"><ul class="small-block-grid-1"><li> <span class="pub-date"> <time datetime="2024-11-29" pubdate="pubdate">29 Nov</time> </span> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/aoavs-submission-to-the-hrc-58-report-on-human-rights-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-opt/" title="AOAV’s submission to the HRC 58 Report on Human Rights in the Occupied Palestinian Territory (oPt)">AOAV’s submission to the HRC 58 Report on Human Rights in the Occupied Palestinian Territory (oPt)</a></li><li> <span class="pub-date"> <time datetime="2024-11-27" pubdate="pubdate">27 Nov</time> </span> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/lebanon-at-least-29-killed-and-66-injured-in-israeli-air-strike-on-central-beirut-as-ceasefire-agreement-reached/" title="Lebanon: At least 29 killed and 66 injured in Israeli air strike on central Beirut as ceasefire agreement reached">Lebanon: At least 29 killed and 66 injured in Israeli air strike on central Beirut as ceasefire agreement reached</a></li><li> <span class="pub-date"> <time datetime="2024-11-27" pubdate="pubdate">27 Nov</time> </span> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/the-ohchr-report-on-gaza-insights-flaws-and-the-wheres-daddy-programme/" title="The OHCHR Report on Gaza: insights, flaws, and the ‘Where’s Daddy?’ programme">The OHCHR Report on Gaza: insights, flaws, and the ‘Where’s Daddy?’ programme</a></li><li> <span class="pub-date"> <time datetime="2024-11-26" pubdate="pubdate">26 Nov</time> </span> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/british-campaigners-push-for-emergency-ban-on-uk-arms-sales-to-israel-following-netanyahu-arrest-warrant/" title="British campaigners push for emergency ban on UK Arms sales to Israel following Netanyahu arrest warrant">British campaigners push for emergency ban on UK Arms sales to Israel following Netanyahu arrest warrant</a></li><li> <span class="pub-date"> <time datetime="2024-11-25" pubdate="pubdate">25 Nov</time> </span> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/urgent-call-for-universal-adoption-of-the-mine-ban-treaty-amidst-rising-civilian-landmine-casualties/" title="Urgent Call for Universal Adoption of the Mine Ban Treaty Amidst Rising Civilian Landmine Casualties">Urgent Call for Universal Adoption of the Mine Ban Treaty Amidst Rising Civilian Landmine Casualties</a></li></ul></div></div></section><section class="popular"><p class="title"><a href="#Popular">Popular</a></p><div class="content" data-section-content><div class="wrap"><ul class="small-block-grid-1"><li><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2020/a-short-history-of-suicide-bombings/">A short history of suicide bombing</a></li><li><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2013/top-100-the-most-influential-people-in-the-world-of-armed-violence/">Top 100: The most influential people in armed violence reduction</a></li><li><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2013/what-is-the-role-of-tanks-in-warfare-today/">What is the role of tanks in warfare today?</a></li><li><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2013/100-influential-journalists/">Top 100: The most influential journalists covering armed violence</a></li><li><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2013/syrias-dirty-dozen/">Investigation: Syria’s Dirty Dozen</a></li></ul></div></div></section></aside></div></div><div class="row"><div class="large-12 columns"><ul class="large-block-grid-3 article-list"><li class="article"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/falkland-islands-government-unaware-of-british-military-war-crime-allegation-despite-mod-passing-case-to-unnamed-agency/" title="Falkland Islands Government unaware of British military war crime allegation despite MOD passing case to unnamed agency"><div class="top"><h6 class="section-title">British Militarism</h6><div class="thumb"> <img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/falklands-web-banner-340x200.webp" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="Falklands War, war crime, Ministry of Defence, Falkland Islands Government, accountability, investigation, transparency, Action on Armed Violence, Iain Overton." decoding="async" /></div><div class="date">14 Aug</div></div><div class="bottom"><h4 class="entry-title">Falkland Islands Government unaware of British military war crime allegation despite MOD passing case to unnamed agency</h4><p class="excerpt">A war crime allegation dating back to the Falklands War has been transferred by the Ministry of Defence (MOD) to another agency, yet the Falkland Islands Government reports no knowledge of such a case.</p></div> </a></li><li class="article"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/sas-veterans-protest-human-rights-scrutiny-but-accountability-was-part-of-what-they-fought-to-protect/" title="SAS veterans protest human rights scrutiny – but accountability was part of what they fought to protect"><div class="top"><h6 class="section-title">Special Forces</h6><div class="thumb"> <img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/c395f912-a015-4b70-9764-92b782bfceb2-340x200.webp" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="Aldwin Wight, George Simm, and Jamie Lowther-Pinkerton, SAS soldier, silhouette, Afghanistan, minimalistic, military, special forces, war, soldier in gear, barren landscape, contrast, human rights, accountability, night raids, legal scrutiny, armed forces" decoding="async" /></div><div class="date">8 Oct</div></div><div class="bottom"><h4 class="entry-title">SAS veterans protest human rights scrutiny – but accountability was part of what they fought to protect</h4><p class="excerpt">In a letter to The Times, retired SAS veterans Aldwin Wight, George Simm, and Jamie Lowther-Pinkerton argue that human rights laws unfairly target British soldiers with vexatious claims. However, their demand for immunity from such scrutiny ignores the importance of legal accountability in military operations.</p></div> </a></li><li class="article"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/israels-dirty-dozen-the-idfs-most-lethal-weapons-in-gaza/" title="Israel’s Dirty Dozen: the IDF’s most lethal weapons in Gaza"><div class="top"><h6 class="section-title">Gaza</h6><div class="thumb"> <img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/create-your-own_65794310-1-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="Extended Tags: Israel, Gaza, weapons, military, IDF, Israeli Defence Forces, airstrikes, ground offensive, guided munitions, loitering munitions, drones, AI-targeting systems, GBU-39, Small Diameter Bomb, Boeing, CARDOM, recoil mortar system, Iron Sting, guided mortar munition, Elbit, Stylet, Rapier, XM329, APAM-MP-T, M339, HE-MP-T, tank shells, fragmentation, tungsten cubes, SPIKE missile, Rafael Advanced Defence Systems, AGM-114, Hellfire rocket, Apache helicopters, M107-A3, 155mm artillery, SPICE 2000, JDAM, GBU-31, BLU-109, bunker buster, dumb bombs, unguided munitions, white phosphorus, D528 artillery shell, M825, incendiary weapons, war crimes, war ethics, humanitarian law, circular error probable, CEP, civilian casualties, AI in warfare, Lavender, Gospel, AI-targeted loitering munitions, artificial intelligence, weapons accuracy, ethics of war, war in Gaza, Lebanon, West Bank, explosive remnants of war, ERW, munitions misfire rate, military spending, arms trade, SIPRI, US weapons, Israeli arms industry, military technology, Unit 8200, Unit Maglan, Hamas, war on terror, humanitarian impact, legal scrutiny, arms export controls, conflict zones, international humanitarian law, explosive weapons, blast effects, civilian protection, military conduct, accountability, United Nations Mine Action Service, UNMAS, OSMP, Airwars, Amnesty International, International Criminal Court, war reporting, human rights violations, NGO investigations, peace and security." decoding="async" /></div><div class="date">5 Nov</div></div><div class="bottom"><h4 class="entry-title">Israel’s Dirty Dozen: the IDF’s most lethal weapons in Gaza</h4><p class="excerpt">This report exposes the deadliest weapons used by Israel in Gaza, including the GBU-39 Small Diameter Bomb, JDAM GBU-31 V3, SPIKE missile, M107-A3 155mm artillery shell, and white phosphorus shells, highlighting their destructive impact on civilians and the legal, ethical concerns surrounding their use.</p></div> </a></li></ul></div></div><div class="row"><div class="large-12 columns"><div class="news third"><h4 class="cat-title">AOAV: all our reports</h4><p class="cat-intro">AOAV records, investigates and disseminates evidence of armed violence against civilians worldwide, to ensure the respect and protection of their rights and to end armed violence against civilians in conflict. This is a list of all reports published by Action on Armed Violence</p><ul class="large-block-grid-1 article-list"><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/aoavs-submission-to-the-hrc-58-report-on-human-rights-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-opt/" title="AOAV’s submission to the HRC 58 Report on Human Rights in the Occupied Palestinian Territory (oPt)"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council_Logo.svg_-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">29 Nov</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/aoavs-submission-to-the-hrc-58-report-on-human-rights-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-opt/" title="AOAV’s submission to the HRC 58 Report on Human Rights in the Occupied Palestinian Territory (oPt)">AOAV’s submission to the HRC 58 Report on Human Rights in the Occupied Palestinian Territory (oPt)</a></h4><p>This report to the UN Human Rights Council's Special Rapporteur examines the role of private entities in supporting Israel's occupation and apartheid regime in the occupied Palestinian territory, focusing on their complicity in human rights violations and alignment with international legal frameworks.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/lebanon-at-least-29-killed-and-66-injured-in-israeli-air-strike-on-central-beirut-as-ceasefire-agreement-reached/" title="Lebanon: At least 29 killed and 66 injured in Israeli air strike on central Beirut as ceasefire agreement reached"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Lebanon-region-map-civ-casualties-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">27 Nov</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/lebanon-at-least-29-killed-and-66-injured-in-israeli-air-strike-on-central-beirut-as-ceasefire-agreement-reached/" title="Lebanon: At least 29 killed and 66 injured in Israeli air strike on central Beirut as ceasefire agreement reached">Lebanon: At least 29 killed and 66 injured in Israeli air strike on central Beirut as ceasefire agreement reached</a></h4><p>On Saturday 23rd November at around 4am, a series of Israeli air strikes killed at least 29 people and injured 66 others in the central and densely populated Beirut neighbourhood of Basta al Fawqa.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/the-ohchr-report-on-gaza-insights-flaws-and-the-wheres-daddy-programme/" title="The OHCHR Report on Gaza: insights, flaws, and the ‘Where’s Daddy?’ programme"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Screenshot-2024-11-27-at-10.57.04-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="Gaza, OHCHR report, civilian casualties, airstrikes, residential buildings, indiscriminate tactics, transparency, international law, war crimes, Where’s Daddy program" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">27 Nov</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/the-ohchr-report-on-gaza-insights-flaws-and-the-wheres-daddy-programme/" title="The OHCHR Report on Gaza: insights, flaws, and the ‘Where’s Daddy?’ programme">The OHCHR Report on Gaza: insights, flaws, and the ‘Where’s Daddy?’ programme</a></h4><p>The OHCHR report on Gaza highlights disproportionate civilian casualties from airstrikes on residential buildings, raising concerns about indiscriminate tactics and a lack of transparency.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/british-campaigners-push-for-emergency-ban-on-uk-arms-sales-to-israel-following-netanyahu-arrest-warrant/" title="British campaigners push for emergency ban on UK Arms sales to Israel following Netanyahu arrest warrant"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/445d89e2-40c2-434a-8043-dad951892171-340x200.webp" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="UK arms sales, Israel, Gaza conflict, war crimes, International Criminal Court, humanitarian law, Benjamin Netanyahu, F-35 components" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">26 Nov</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/british-campaigners-push-for-emergency-ban-on-uk-arms-sales-to-israel-following-netanyahu-arrest-warrant/" title="British campaigners push for emergency ban on UK Arms sales to Israel following Netanyahu arrest warrant">British campaigners push for emergency ban on UK Arms sales to Israel following Netanyahu arrest warrant</a></h4><p>UK human rights groups are applying for an emergency court injunction to halt arms exports to Israel, citing their potential use in alleged war crimes during the Gaza conflict.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/urgent-call-for-universal-adoption-of-the-mine-ban-treaty-amidst-rising-civilian-landmine-casualties/" title="Urgent Call for Universal Adoption of the Mine Ban Treaty Amidst Rising Civilian Landmine Casualties"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/map-copy_64470750-2-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">25 Nov</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/urgent-call-for-universal-adoption-of-the-mine-ban-treaty-amidst-rising-civilian-landmine-casualties/" title="Urgent Call for Universal Adoption of the Mine Ban Treaty Amidst Rising Civilian Landmine Casualties">Urgent Call for Universal Adoption of the Mine Ban Treaty Amidst Rising Civilian Landmine Casualties</a></h4><p>New findings highlight the resurgence of landmine use in non-signatory states like Russia and Myanmar, underlining the urgent need for universal adoption of the Mine Ban Treaty to protect civilians.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/aoav-interviews-peter-asaro-co-founder-of-the-international-committee-for-robot-arms-control-on-autonomous-weapons-and-the-ethics-of-ai-in-warfare/" title="AOAV interviews Peter Asaro, co-founder of the International Committee for Robot Arms Control, on autonomous weapons and the ethics of AI in warfare"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Peter-Asaro-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="autonomous weapons, artificial intelligence, modern warfare, ethics, human rights, accountability, global security, robotics, military practices, AI decision-making, International Committee for Robot Arms Control, Peter Asaro, Iain Overton, AOAV, media studies, philosophy, conflict, technology in warfare" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">25 Nov</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/aoav-interviews-peter-asaro-co-founder-of-the-international-committee-for-robot-arms-control-on-autonomous-weapons-and-the-ethics-of-ai-in-warfare/" title="AOAV interviews Peter Asaro, co-founder of the International Committee for Robot Arms Control, on autonomous weapons and the ethics of AI in warfare">AOAV interviews Peter Asaro, co-founder of the International Committee for Robot Arms Control, on autonomous weapons and the ethics of AI in warfare</a></h4><p>In this interview with AOAV’s Executive Director Iain Overton, Associate Professor Peter Asaro, co-founder of the International Committee for Robot Arms Control, explores the ethical, social, and legal challenges of autonomous weapons and AI in modern warfare, reflecting on their impact on human rights, accountability, and global security.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/an-indefensible-defence-of-landmines-a-response-to-james-cowan-of-the-halo-trust-and-his-plea-not-to-condemn-the-us-decision-to-give-anti-personnel-mines-to-ukraine/" title="An indefensible defence of landmines: a response to James Cowan of the HALO Trust and his plea not to “condemn the US decision to give anti-personnel mines to Ukraine”"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/SEI164621977.jpg-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="landmines, humanitarian principles, Ottawa Convention, James Cowan, HALO Trust, Ukraine, military necessity, civilian harm, mine clearance, international law, non-persistent landmines, humanitarian action, neutrality, indiscriminate weapons, mine-ban movement, economic stagnation, post-conflict recovery, war legacy, humanitarian values, global consensus" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">22 Nov</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/an-indefensible-defence-of-landmines-a-response-to-james-cowan-of-the-halo-trust-and-his-plea-not-to-condemn-the-us-decision-to-give-anti-personnel-mines-to-ukraine/" title="An indefensible defence of landmines: a response to James Cowan of the HALO Trust and his plea not to “condemn the US decision to give anti-personnel mines to Ukraine”">An indefensible defence of landmines: a response to James Cowan of the HALO Trust and his plea not to “condemn the US decision to give anti-personnel mines to Ukraine”</a></h4><p>James Cowan, CEO of The HALO Trust, undermines decades of humanitarian progress by endorsing landmines as a military necessity for Ukraine in the Evening Standard, risking the erosion of global consensus embodied in the Ottawa Convention and contradicting the core humanitarian principles his organisation represents.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/stray-bullets-aoav-applauds-new-research-on-how-diverted-ammunition-fuels-conflict-in-the-sahel/" title="Stray bullets: AOAV applauds new research on how diverted ammunition fuels conflict in the Sahel"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-14.54.59-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="Sahel conflict, ammunition diversion, Salafi jihadist groups, Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger, arms trafficking, stockpile security, illicit arms trade, Conflict Armament Research, AK-47 ammunition, arms control, regional stability, insurgency, battlefield losses, governance failures, international cooperation, arms export ethics, security sector reform." decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">21 Nov</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/stray-bullets-aoav-applauds-new-research-on-how-diverted-ammunition-fuels-conflict-in-the-sahel/" title="Stray bullets: AOAV applauds new research on how diverted ammunition fuels conflict in the Sahel">Stray bullets: AOAV applauds new research on how diverted ammunition fuels conflict in the Sahel</a></h4><p>Conflict Armament Research's Stray Bullets report exposes how diverted state ammunition fuels Salafi jihadist insurgencies in the Sahel, urging improved stockpile management and global cooperation to stem the flow of illicit arms.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/explosive-inequalities-the-gendered-impact-of-arms-transfers-and-violence/" title="Explosive Inequalities: the gendered impact of arms transfers and violence"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DALL·E-2024-11-21-14.20.53-A-minimalistic-and-abstract-16_9-image-symbolizing-the-human-cost-of-explosive-violence-featuring-a-fragmented-silhouette-of-an-older-clothed-woman--340x200.webp" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="arms trade, explosive violence, gender disparities, violence against women, conflict zones, non-conflict violence, arms transfers, female empowerment, ethical foreign policy, explosive weapons, EVAW, Syria, Afghanistan, Palestine, policy alignment, AOAV, global security, public health, feminist foreign policy, arms ethics." decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">21 Nov</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/explosive-inequalities-the-gendered-impact-of-arms-transfers-and-violence/" title="Explosive Inequalities: the gendered impact of arms transfers and violence">Explosive Inequalities: the gendered impact of arms transfers and violence</a></h4><p>This article examines the intersection of arms transfers, explosive violence, and gender disparities from 2011 to 2023, highlighting the rising proportion of female victims, their unique vulnerabilities, and the ethical contradictions posed by arms-exporting nations with high female empowerment indices.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/op-ed-as-icc-issues-arrest-warrants-for-netanyahu-gallant-and-deif-aoav-contemplates-how-much-this-is-a-test-for-international-justice/" title="Op-ed: as ICC issues arrest warrants for Netanyahu, Gallant, and Deif, AOAV contemplates how much this is a test for international justice"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/83857698_83857697-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="ICC, Netanyahu, Gallant, Deif, war crimes, international justice, Israel-Gaza conflict, Rome Statute, accountability, Hamas, international law" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">21 Nov</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/op-ed-as-icc-issues-arrest-warrants-for-netanyahu-gallant-and-deif-aoav-contemplates-how-much-this-is-a-test-for-international-justice/" title="Op-ed: as ICC issues arrest warrants for Netanyahu, Gallant, and Deif, AOAV contemplates how much this is a test for international justice">Op-ed: as ICC issues arrest warrants for Netanyahu, Gallant, and Deif, AOAV contemplates how much this is a test for international justice</a></h4><p>The ICC's arrest warrants for Netanyahu, Gallant, and Deif highlight the challenges of enforcing international justice amid political resistance and reliance on member state cooperation.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/aoav-condemnation-u-s-transfer-of-anti-personnel-landmines-to-ukraine/" title="AOAV condemns U.S. transfer of anti-personnel landmines to Ukraine"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AOAV-340x200.png" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">20 Nov</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/aoav-condemnation-u-s-transfer-of-anti-personnel-landmines-to-ukraine/" title="AOAV condemns U.S. transfer of anti-personnel landmines to Ukraine">AOAV condemns U.S. transfer of anti-personnel landmines to Ukraine</a></h4><p>AOAV condemns the U.S. decision to transfer banned anti-personnel landmines to Ukraine, highlighting that it violates international norms and endangers civilians by exacerbating the humanitarian impact of these indiscriminate weapons.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/russias-land-based-missile-arsenal-a-brief-explainer/" title="Russia’s land-based missile arsenal: a brief explainer"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/001-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">20 Nov</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/russias-land-based-missile-arsenal-a-brief-explainer/" title="Russia’s land-based missile arsenal: a brief explainer">Russia’s land-based missile arsenal: a brief explainer</a></h4><p>Russia's expanded missile production capabilities and updated nuclear doctrine significantly lower the threshold for nuclear use, escalating global security concerns amid the ongoing war in Ukraine.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/invisible-and-severe-death-toll-of-sudan-conflict-revealed/" title="Invisible and severe death toll of Sudan conflict revealed"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Screenshot-2024-11-15-at-15.48.40-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="Sudan, conflict, Khartoum, war, mortality, humanitarian crisis, displacement, starvation, disease, Darfur, Kordofan, LSHTM, mass graves, unrecorded deaths, ethnic violence, international aid, war crimes, accountability, arms embargo, famine, global inaction" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">15 Nov</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/invisible-and-severe-death-toll-of-sudan-conflict-revealed/" title="Invisible and severe death toll of Sudan conflict revealed">Invisible and severe death toll of Sudan conflict revealed</a></h4><p>The Sudan conflict has caused an estimated 61,000 deaths in Khartoum State over 14 months, with widespread starvation, disease, and unrecorded fatalities highlighting a humanitarian crisis overshadowed by global inaction.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/foi-rejections-how-the-ministry-of-defence-blocks-transparency/" title="FOI rejections: how the Ministry of Defence blocks transparency"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/e4801ed2-cb4e-429a-b61a-b928bdecfcf3-340x200.webp" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">15 Nov</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/foi-rejections-how-the-ministry-of-defence-blocks-transparency/" title="FOI rejections: how the Ministry of Defence blocks transparency">FOI rejections: how the Ministry of Defence blocks transparency</a></h4><p>The Ministry of Defence's frequent rejection of FOI requests highlights systemic barriers to transparency and accountability in UK military operations, with exemptions often used to obscure issues of public interest, including civilian harm and legal expenditures.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/trumps-nomination-of-pete-hegseth-for-secretary-of-defense-fuels-concerns-following-ties-to-christian-nationalist-extremism/" title="Trump’s nomination of Pete Hegseth for Secretary of Defense fuels concerns following ties to Christian nationalist extremism"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/ovFjmb60_400x400-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="Trump, Pete Hegseth, Secretary of Defense, Christian nationalism, Reformed Reconstructionism, Christian Zionism, U.S. defense policy, religious extremism, church and state, Christian far-right, Crusader imagery, Jerusalem Cross, Deus Vult, Christian supremacy, religious freedom, ideological influence, foreign policy, U.S. governance, Christian nationalist ideology" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">14 Nov</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/trumps-nomination-of-pete-hegseth-for-secretary-of-defense-fuels-concerns-following-ties-to-christian-nationalist-extremism/" title="Trump’s nomination of Pete Hegseth for Secretary of Defense fuels concerns following ties to Christian nationalist extremism">Trump’s nomination of Pete Hegseth for Secretary of Defense fuels concerns following ties to Christian nationalist extremism</a></h4><p>Donald Trump’s nomination of Pete Hegseth as Secretary of Defense has sparked controversy due to Hegseth’s connections to Christian nationalist ideologies, including Reformed Reconstructionism and Christian Zionism, raising concerns about the potential influence of far-right religious beliefs on U.S. defense and foreign policy.</p></div></div></div></li></ul><p class="cat_more_link"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/allreports/" class="tiny button radius" title="More on AOAV: all our reports">More on AOAV: all our reports</a></p><h4 class="cat-title">Militarism examined</h4><p class="cat-intro">This category looks into militaries and militarism, with a focus on Great Britain. From how the UK became one of the world’s leading arms exporters, to why we continue to export to nations with serious human rights concerns, to investigations into the UK’s armed forces, it seeks to challenge the contradictions and failures of British militarism, and the failure of other national militaries, today.</p><ul class="large-block-grid-1 article-list"><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/mission-creep-freedom-of-information-disclosure-proves-77th-brigade-was-deployed-on-uk-operations-during-covid/" title="Mission Creep? Freedom of Information disclosure proves 77th Brigade was deployed on UK operations during Covid pandemic"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/77-brigade-framed-badge-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">13 Nov</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/mission-creep-freedom-of-information-disclosure-proves-77th-brigade-was-deployed-on-uk-operations-during-covid/" title="Mission Creep? Freedom of Information disclosure proves 77th Brigade was deployed on UK operations during Covid pandemic">Mission Creep? Freedom of Information disclosure proves 77th Brigade was deployed on UK operations during Covid pandemic</a></h4><p>The British Army’s 77th Brigade, established to counter foreign disinformation, faces scrutiny over its domestic monitoring during Covid, highlighting potential mission creep and raising concerns about military involvement in civilian matters.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/icrir-launches-four-new-investigations-into-british-army-and-others-troubles-era-killings/" title="ICRIR launches four new investigations into British Army and other Troubles-era killings"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DALL·E-2024-11-12-12.32.52-A-grainy-black-and-white-photograph-from-the-1970s-Troubles-era-in-Northern-Ireland-showing-the-barrel-of-an-SLR-rifle-prominently-in-the-foreground-340x200.webp" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="Northern Ireland, Troubles, 1970s, Belfast, SLR rifle, British Army, conflict, urban warfare, legacy, historical investigation, ICRIR, reconciliation, investigative journalism, AOAV" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">12 Nov</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/icrir-launches-four-new-investigations-into-british-army-and-others-troubles-era-killings/" title="ICRIR launches four new investigations into British Army and other Troubles-era killings">ICRIR launches four new investigations into British Army and other Troubles-era killings</a></h4><p>The Independent Commission for Reconciliation and Information Recovery (ICRIR) has initiated four additional investigations into Troubles-related deaths, bringing its active caseload to 14 as it faces public scrutiny and calls for transparency in addressing Northern Ireland's historical grievances.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/the-glamorisation-of-a-british-sniper-rifle-accuracy-international-in-hollywood-films/" title="The glamorisation of a British sniper rifle: Accuracy International in Hollywood films"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/AX50-ELR-b-640w-340x200.webp" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="Accuracy International, Arctic Warfare, Sniper Rifle, Hollywood Films, Glamorisation of Violence, Action Movies, Resident Evil, Furious 7, Black Widow, Military" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">18 Oct</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/the-glamorisation-of-a-british-sniper-rifle-accuracy-international-in-hollywood-films/" title="The glamorisation of a British sniper rifle: Accuracy International in Hollywood films">The glamorisation of a British sniper rifle: Accuracy International in Hollywood films</a></h4><p>Hollywood’s portrayal of Accuracy International sniper rifles as sleek, precise tools in films and media glamorises their lethal nature, distancing audiences from the harsh realities of their use in conflict zones.</p></div></div></div></li></ul><p class="cat_more_link"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/british-militarism/" class="tiny button radius" title="More on Militarism examined">More on Militarism examined</a></p><h4 class="cat-title">Arms exports examined</h4><p class="cat-intro">Here AOAV looks at global and – in particular – the UK’s arms exports with critical review and reflection</p><ul class="large-block-grid-1 article-list"><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/hunters-and-hunted-the-terrible-truths-about-ai-assisted-manhunts-in-gaza/" title="Hunters and hunted: the terrible truths about AI-assisted manhunts in Gaza"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Screenshot-2024-10-28-at-14.35.38-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="Gaza, drone warfare, manhunt, Yahya Sinwar, IDF, precision strike, modern warfare, civilian casualties, Geneva Conventions, international law, targeted killings, AI in warfare, dehumanization, technological warfare, surveillance, ethical warfare" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">28 Oct</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/hunters-and-hunted-the-terrible-truths-about-ai-assisted-manhunts-in-gaza/" title="Hunters and hunted: the terrible truths about AI-assisted manhunts in Gaza">Hunters and hunted: the terrible truths about AI-assisted manhunts in Gaza</a></h4><p>These technologies are removing accountability from warfare and making it harder to hold individuals or governments responsible for extrajudicial killings.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/us-arms-giant-raytheon-agrees-to-pay-nearly-1-billion-in-fines-for-defrauding-dod-and-bribing-qatari-official/" title="US arms giant Raytheon agrees to pay nearly $1 billion in fines for defrauding DoD and bribing Qatari official"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/raytheon-technologies5653-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="RTX, Raytheon, US Department of Defense, bribery, Patriot missile, defence contracts, fraud, SEC, compliance, export violations, Qatar" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">18 Oct</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/us-arms-giant-raytheon-agrees-to-pay-nearly-1-billion-in-fines-for-defrauding-dod-and-bribing-qatari-official/" title="US arms giant Raytheon agrees to pay nearly $1 billion in fines for defrauding DoD and bribing Qatari official">US arms giant Raytheon agrees to pay nearly $1 billion in fines for defrauding DoD and bribing Qatari official</a></h4><p>RTX has agreed to pay nearly $1 billion in fines for defrauding the US Department of Defense and bribing a Qatari official, adding to a recent $200 million penalty for unauthorised defence exports.</p></div></div></div></li></ul><p class="cat_more_link"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/uk-arms-export-countries/" class="tiny button radius" title="More on Arms exports examined">More on Arms exports examined</a></p><h4 class="cat-title">Explosive violence research</h4><p class="cat-intro">This category looks at all impacts of explosive violence, including monthly reports, country reports and other forms of explosive violence that cover both manufactured weapons and Improvised Explosive Devices.</p><ul class="large-block-grid-1 article-list"><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/aoav-response-to-un-findings-unacceptable-civilian-casualties-in-the-gaza-conflict-are-clearly-due-to-the-use-of-explosive-weapons-in-populated-areas/" title="AOAV response to UN findings: unacceptable civilian casualties in the Gaza conflict are clearly due to the use of explosive weapons in populated areas"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/209ef61f-a4ed-443e-b8ad-26adae30d3f8-340x200.webp" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">11 Nov</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/aoav-response-to-un-findings-unacceptable-civilian-casualties-in-the-gaza-conflict-are-clearly-due-to-the-use-of-explosive-weapons-in-populated-areas/" title="AOAV response to UN findings: unacceptable civilian casualties in the Gaza conflict are clearly due to the use of explosive weapons in populated areas">AOAV response to UN findings: unacceptable civilian casualties in the Gaza conflict are clearly due to the use of explosive weapons in populated areas</a></h4><p>A a UN report reveals that nearly 70% of casualties in the Gaza conflict are women and children, AOAV highlights the severe and predictable impact of explosive weapons in urban areas leading to this harm.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/burns-like-hell-aoav-calls-for-the-end-of-incendiary-weapons-in-populated-areas/" title="Burns like hell: AOAV calls for the end of incendiary weapon use in populated areas"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/DALL·E-2024-11-07-10.14.45-A-minimalistic-and-grainy-black-and-white-image-depicting-an-airstrike-using-white-phosphorus-on-a-populated-area-situated-on-a-hillside.-The-image-ca-340x200.webp" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="White phosphorus, incendiary weapons, international law, civilian protection, humanitarian impact, legal reform, Protocol III, CCW, Gaza, Lebanon, warfare ethics, human rights." decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">7 Nov</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/burns-like-hell-aoav-calls-for-the-end-of-incendiary-weapons-in-populated-areas/" title="Burns like hell: AOAV calls for the end of incendiary weapon use in populated areas">Burns like hell: AOAV calls for the end of incendiary weapon use in populated areas</a></h4><p>The ongoing use of white phosphorus in conflict zones like Lebanon and Gaza highlights the urgent need for revisions to international law to better protect civilians from the devastating effects of incendiary weapons.</p></div></div></div></li></ul><p class="cat_more_link"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/" class="tiny button radius" title="More on Explosive violence research">More on Explosive violence research</a></p><h4 class="cat-title">Gun violence</h4><p class="cat-intro">Of all weapons of violence, guns cause the greatest harm. Global figures are hard to come by, but it is estimated that over half a million of people die from armed violence every year and the highest proportion of these will be at the end of a gun. This is just those killed by guns, countless more are wounded, or take their lives with one. AOAV seeks to stimulate the debate about guns and their role in violence through detailed research and focused advocacy.</p><ul class="large-block-grid-1 article-list"><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/the-looming-assault-on-us-federal-gun-restrictions-post-bruen-and-rahimi-examined/" title="The looming assault on US federal gun restrictions post-Bruen and Rahimi examined"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/a1c133ff-1614-46d2-878c-e06af9eb759d-340x200.webp" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="gun control, Bruen decision, Rahimi case, red flag laws, background checks, Section 925(c), Supreme Court, Second Amendment, firearm regulation, public safety, federal gun laws" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">18 Oct</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/the-looming-assault-on-us-federal-gun-restrictions-post-bruen-and-rahimi-examined/" title="The looming assault on US federal gun restrictions post-Bruen and Rahimi examined">The looming assault on US federal gun restrictions post-Bruen and Rahimi examined</a></h4><p>The Bruen decision has triggered a wave of challenges to federal gun laws, putting key regulations like red flag laws, background checks, and bans on high-capacity firearms at risk.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/gun-violence-in-u-s-schools-already-surpasses-2023-levels/" title="Gun violence in U.S. schools already surpasses 2023 levels"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/4c7e816e-1d64-4a72-9ba7-398796e7782b-340x200.webp" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="school shootings, gun violence, Georgia, 2024, Everytown for Gun Safety, Apalachee High School, gun control, Iain Overton, Action on Armed Violence" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">10 Oct</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/gun-violence-in-u-s-schools-already-surpasses-2023-levels/" title="Gun violence in U.S. schools already surpasses 2023 levels">Gun violence in U.S. schools already surpasses 2023 levels</a></h4><p>As of September 30, 2024, gun-related incidents on U.S. school grounds have exceeded 2023 figures, with Georgia ranking among the states with the highest rates of gun violence in schools.</p></div></div></div></li></ul><p class="cat_more_link"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/guns/" class="tiny button radius" title="More on Gun violence">More on Gun violence</a></p><h4 class="cat-title">Knife violence</h4><p class="cat-intro">Between 2011 and 2021, threats to kill involving a knife or sharp instrument across England and Wales rose by 342%. In 2021, London recorded the highest number of teenage homicides ever, with 30 male teenagers aged 14 to 19 being killed. Overall, in 2021, 74.4% of homicides in London were caused by a knife or sharp instrument. This research aims to highlight, explain and offer solutions to such harm.</p><ul class="large-block-grid-1 article-list"><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/knife-crime-on-the-rise-in-the-uk-analysing-the-data-and-exploring-solutions/" title="Knife crime on the rise in the UK: analysing the data and exploring solutions"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/8bc0a990-5b2d-11ef-b1b4-cdfdd7474852.jpg-340x200.webp" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="UK crime, knife crime, youth violence, crime statistics, social issues, law enforcement, public safety, community support, homicide data" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">16 Aug</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/knife-crime-on-the-rise-in-the-uk-analysing-the-data-and-exploring-solutions/" title="Knife crime on the rise in the UK: analysing the data and exploring solutions">Knife crime on the rise in the UK: analysing the data and exploring solutions</a></h4><p>As knife crime in the UK continues to rise, with a 7% increase in 2023, experts emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach that addresses the underlying causes of violence and provides robust support for vulnerable communities.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/does-the-uk-have-a-knife-and-gun-problem/" title="Does the UK have a knife and gun problem?"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Screenshot-2024-08-08-at-16.57.41-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="UK, knife crime, gun violence, homicide rates, police, crime statistics, public safety, teenage violence, Metropolitan, West Midlands, Greater Manchester, crime reduction, socio-economic issues" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">8 Aug</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/does-the-uk-have-a-knife-and-gun-problem/" title="Does the UK have a knife and gun problem?">Does the UK have a knife and gun problem?</a></h4><p>The UK faces significant challenges with knife and gun violence, particularly among teenagers and in certain metropolitan areas, despite overall declining homicide rates.</p></div></div></div></li></ul><p class="cat_more_link"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/knife-crime/" class="tiny button radius" title="More on Knife violence">More on Knife violence</a></p><h4 class="cat-title">Health and explosive violence</h4><p class="cat-intro">AOAV examines the reverberating impacts from the use of explosive weapons.</p><ul class="large-block-grid-1 article-list"><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2023/gaza-healthcare-crisis-urgent-action-required-to-address-alleged-unlawful-israeli-attacks/" title="Gaza healthcare crisis: urgent action required to address alleged unlawful Israeli attacks"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_43-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="Gaza, Israel, healthcare crisis, war crimes, international humanitarian law, Human Rights Watch" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">14 Nov</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2023/gaza-healthcare-crisis-urgent-action-required-to-address-alleged-unlawful-israeli-attacks/" title="Gaza healthcare crisis: urgent action required to address alleged unlawful Israeli attacks">Gaza healthcare crisis: urgent action required to address alleged unlawful Israeli attacks</a></h4><p>Human Rights Watch's findings reveal repeated and potentially unlawful Israeli attacks on Gaza's healthcare infrastructure, leading to a dire healthcare crisis, warranting immediate international attention and action.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2022/civil-society-statement-on-the-protection-of-civilians-in-urban-conflict-2022/" title="Civil Society Statement on the Protection of Civilians in Urban Conflict (2022)"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Screenshot-2022-05-18-at-08.35.42-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">18 May</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2022/civil-society-statement-on-the-protection-of-civilians-in-urban-conflict-2022/" title="Civil Society Statement on the Protection of Civilians in Urban Conflict (2022)">Civil Society Statement on the Protection of Civilians in Urban Conflict (2022)</a></h4><p>AOAV is proud to be one of the endorsing NGOs for the Civil Society Statement on the Protection of Civilians in Urban Conflicts, ahead of the UN's annual open debate on the protection of civilians (POC) in armed conflict. Over the past year, the devastating impact of urban warfare on civilians has been made increasingly clear, especially the parallel direct and indirect, short-term and long-term nature of urban warfare's effects on civilians and civilian infrastructure.</p></div></div></div></li></ul><p class="cat_more_link"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/reverberating-effects/health/" class="tiny button radius" title="More on Health and explosive violence">More on Health and explosive violence</a></p><h4 class="cat-title">Explosive Violence Monthly Reports</h4><p class="cat-intro">Since 2011, AOAV has been recording the global harm wrought by explosive weapons on civilians. Through monitoring English language media reports, we demonstrate consistent patterns of harm arising from the use of explosive violence, in particular their effects on civilian populations. These reports are issued annually with monthly updates.</p><ul class="large-block-grid-1 article-list"><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/explosive-violence-in-september-2024/" title="Explosive Violence in September 2024"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/monthly-report_58524380-8-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">10 Oct</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/explosive-violence-in-september-2024/" title="Explosive Violence in September 2024">Explosive Violence in September 2024</a></h4><p>In September 2024, Action on Armed Violence recorded 10,262 deaths and injuries from 937 incidents of explosive violence around the world, as reported in English-language media. Civilians accounted for 91% (9,371) of the deaths and injuries recorded.</p></div></div></div></li><li class="article"><div class="wrap"><div class="large-3 columns thumb"><div class="inner"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/explosive-violence-in-august-2024/" title="Explosive Violence in August 2024"><img src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/monthly-report_58524380-5-340x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium-thumb size-medium-thumb wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> <time class="date">10 Sep</time></div></div><div class="large-9 columns meta"><div class="inner"><h4><a href="https://aoav.org.uk/2024/explosive-violence-in-august-2024/" title="Explosive Violence in August 2024">Explosive Violence in August 2024</a></h4><p>In August 2024, Action on Armed Violence recorded 4,677 deaths and injuries from 790 incidents of explosive violence around the world, as reported in English-language media. Civilians accounted for 90% (4,214) of the deaths and injuries recorded.</p></div></div></div></li></ul><p class="cat_more_link"> <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/category/explosive-violence-research/latest_explosive_violence_monitor_updates/" class="tiny button radius" title="More on Explosive Violence Monthly Reports">More on Explosive Violence Monthly Reports</a></p></div></div></div></div> <div id="footer-wrap"><div class="row footer"><div class="large-8 columns"> <p>Action on Armed Violence, 405 Mile End Road, London, E3 4PB. <a href="https://aoav.org.uk/contact/"><i class="icon-map-marker"></i> View map</a>.<br> <i class="icon-phone"></i> <a href="tel:+4407984645145">+44 (0) 7984 645 145</a><br> AOAV is a registered charity. 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}(function($) { /* Scroll Depth */ "use strict"; var defaults = { percentage: true }; var $window = $(window), cache = [], scrollEventBound = false, lastPixelDepth = 0; /* * Plugin */ $.scrollDepth = function(options) { var startTime = +new Date(); options = $.extend({}, defaults, options); /* * Functions */ function sendEvent(action, label, scrollDistance, timing) { if ( 'undefined' === typeof MonsterInsightsObject || 'undefined' === typeof MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent ) { return; } var paramName = action.toLowerCase(); var fieldsArray = { send_to: 'G-JKD10ZLZZP', non_interaction: true }; fieldsArray[paramName] = label; if (arguments.length > 3) { fieldsArray.scroll_timing = timing MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent('event', 'scroll_depth', fieldsArray); } else { MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent('event', 'scroll_depth', fieldsArray); } } function calculateMarks(docHeight) { return { '25%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.25, 10), '50%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.50, 10), '75%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.75, 10), /* Cushion to trigger 100% event in iOS */ '100%': docHeight - 5 }; } function checkMarks(marks, scrollDistance, timing) { /* Check each active mark */ $.each(marks, function(key, val) { if ( $.inArray(key, cache) === -1 && scrollDistance >= val ) { sendEvent('Percentage', key, scrollDistance, timing); cache.push(key); } }); } function rounded(scrollDistance) { /* Returns String */ return (Math.floor(scrollDistance/250) * 250).toString(); } function init() { bindScrollDepth(); } /* * Public Methods */ /* Reset Scroll Depth with the originally initialized options */ $.scrollDepth.reset = function() { cache = []; lastPixelDepth = 0; $window.off('scroll.scrollDepth'); bindScrollDepth(); }; /* Add DOM elements to be tracked */ $.scrollDepth.addElements = function(elems) { if (typeof elems == "undefined" || !$.isArray(elems)) { return; } $.merge(options.elements, elems); /* If scroll event has been unbound from window, rebind */ if (!scrollEventBound) { bindScrollDepth(); } }; /* Remove DOM elements currently tracked */ $.scrollDepth.removeElements = function(elems) { if (typeof elems == "undefined" || !$.isArray(elems)) { return; } $.each(elems, function(index, elem) { var inElementsArray = $.inArray(elem, options.elements); var inCacheArray = $.inArray(elem, cache); if (inElementsArray != -1) { options.elements.splice(inElementsArray, 1); } if (inCacheArray != -1) { cache.splice(inCacheArray, 1); } }); }; /* * Throttle function borrowed from: * Underscore.js 1.5.2 * http://underscorejs.org * (c) 2009-2013 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud and Investigative Reporters & Editors * Underscore may be freely distributed under the MIT license. */ function throttle(func, wait) { var context, args, result; var timeout = null; var previous = 0; var later = function() { previous = new Date; timeout = null; result = func.apply(context, args); }; return function() { var now = new Date; if (!previous) previous = now; var remaining = wait - (now - previous); context = this; args = arguments; if (remaining <= 0) { clearTimeout(timeout); timeout = null; previous = now; result = func.apply(context, args); } else if (!timeout) { timeout = setTimeout(later, remaining); } return result; }; } /* * Scroll Event */ function bindScrollDepth() { scrollEventBound = true; $window.on('scroll.scrollDepth', throttle(function() { /* * We calculate document and window height on each scroll event to * account for dynamic DOM changes. */ var docHeight = $(document).height(), winHeight = window.innerHeight ? window.innerHeight : $window.height(), scrollDistance = $window.scrollTop() + winHeight, /* Recalculate percentage marks */ marks = calculateMarks(docHeight), /* Timing */ timing = +new Date - startTime; checkMarks(marks, scrollDistance, timing); }, 500)); } init(); }; /* UMD export */ return $.scrollDepth; })); jQuery.scrollDepth(); } else { setTimeout(monsterinsights_scroll_tracking_load, 200); } } monsterinsights_scroll_tracking_load(); }); } /* End MonsterInsights Scroll Tracking */ </script><script type="text/javascript" id="shared-counts-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var shared_counts = {"social_tracking":"1"}; var shared_counts = {"social_tracking":"1"}; /* ]]> */ </script>  <script src="https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/siteground-optimizer-assets/siteground-optimizer-combined-js-3c740b6a2f83038746ec1fc7b6734aa6.js"></script></body></html>