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mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Association_(1882)" title="American Association (1882) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="American Association (1882)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Association_(XIXe_si%C3%A8cle)" title="American Association (XIXe siècle) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="American Association (XIXe siècle)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A9%94%EB%A6%AC%EC%B9%B8_%EC%96%B4%EC%86%8C%EC%8B%9C%EC%97%90%EC%9D%B4%EC%85%98_(19%EC%84%B8%EA%B8%B0)" title="아메리칸 어소시에이션 (19세기) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Association_(19th_century)&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="American Association (19th century)">American Association (19th century)</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Defunct major baseball league (1882–1891)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the former baseball league that existed from 1882 to 1891. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/American_Association_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="American Association (disambiguation)">American Association (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">American Association (1882–1891)</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Sport</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">Baseball</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/1882_in_baseball" title="1882 in baseball">1882</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Ceased</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/1891_in_baseball" title="1891 in baseball">1891</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">No. of teams</th><td class="infobox-data">25 (total)<br />12 (at peak)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Last<br />champion(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Boston_Reds_(1890%E2%80%9391)" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Reds (1890–91)">Boston Reds</a> (1)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Most titles</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Browns_(NL)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis Browns (NL)">St. Louis Browns</a> (4)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>American Association of Base Ball Clubs</b> (<b>AA</b>) was a <a href="/wiki/Professional_baseball" title="Professional baseball">professional baseball</a> league that existed for 10 seasons from <a href="/wiki/1882_in_baseball" title="1882 in baseball">1882</a> to <a href="/wiki/1891_in_baseball" title="1891 in baseball">1891</a>. Together with the <a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">National League</a> (NL), founded in <a href="/wiki/1876_in_baseball" title="1876 in baseball">1876</a>, the AA participated in an early version of the <a href="/wiki/World_Series" title="World Series">World Series</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> seven times versus the champion of the NL in an interleague championship playoff tournament. At the end of its run, several AA franchises joined the NL. After 1891, the NL existed alone, with each season's champions being awarded the <a href="/wiki/Temple_Cup" title="Temple Cup">Temple Cup</a> (1894–1897). </p><p>During its existence, the AA was often simply referred to as "the Association" in the media, in contrast to the NL, which was sometimes called "the League". It was also sometimes called the "Beer and Whiskey League". </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Association_(1882%E2%80%931891)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1885_St._Louis_Brown_Stockings_with_Sportsman%27s_Park_in_background._Chris_Von_der_Ahe_and_Charles_Comiskey_featured.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/1885_St._Louis_Brown_Stockings_with_Sportsman%27s_Park_in_background._Chris_Von_der_Ahe_and_Charles_Comiskey_featured.jpg/260px-1885_St._Louis_Brown_Stockings_with_Sportsman%27s_Park_in_background._Chris_Von_der_Ahe_and_Charles_Comiskey_featured.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/1885_St._Louis_Brown_Stockings_with_Sportsman%27s_Park_in_background._Chris_Von_der_Ahe_and_Charles_Comiskey_featured.jpg/390px-1885_St._Louis_Brown_Stockings_with_Sportsman%27s_Park_in_background._Chris_Von_der_Ahe_and_Charles_Comiskey_featured.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/1885_St._Louis_Brown_Stockings_with_Sportsman%27s_Park_in_background._Chris_Von_der_Ahe_and_Charles_Comiskey_featured.jpg/520px-1885_St._Louis_Brown_Stockings_with_Sportsman%27s_Park_in_background._Chris_Von_der_Ahe_and_Charles_Comiskey_featured.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1606" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/1885_St._Louis_Browns_season" title="1885 St. Louis Browns season">1885 St. Louis Browns</a> of the American Association</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Alexander_Bid_McPhee,_2nd_Base,_Cincinnati,_from_the_Old_Judge_series_(N172)_for_Old_Judge_Cigarettes_MET_DP845623.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/John_Alexander_Bid_McPhee%2C_2nd_Base%2C_Cincinnati%2C_from_the_Old_Judge_series_%28N172%29_for_Old_Judge_Cigarettes_MET_DP845623.jpg/170px-John_Alexander_Bid_McPhee%2C_2nd_Base%2C_Cincinnati%2C_from_the_Old_Judge_series_%28N172%29_for_Old_Judge_Cigarettes_MET_DP845623.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/John_Alexander_Bid_McPhee%2C_2nd_Base%2C_Cincinnati%2C_from_the_Old_Judge_series_%28N172%29_for_Old_Judge_Cigarettes_MET_DP845623.jpg/255px-John_Alexander_Bid_McPhee%2C_2nd_Base%2C_Cincinnati%2C_from_the_Old_Judge_series_%28N172%29_for_Old_Judge_Cigarettes_MET_DP845623.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/John_Alexander_Bid_McPhee%2C_2nd_Base%2C_Cincinnati%2C_from_the_Old_Judge_series_%28N172%29_for_Old_Judge_Cigarettes_MET_DP845623.jpg/340px-John_Alexander_Bid_McPhee%2C_2nd_Base%2C_Cincinnati%2C_from_the_Old_Judge_series_%28N172%29_for_Old_Judge_Cigarettes_MET_DP845623.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1570" data-file-height="2855" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bid_McPhee" title="Bid McPhee">Bid McPhee</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The American Association (AA) distinguished itself in several ways from what it considered to be the puritanical <a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">National League</a> (NL). The new league established teams in what the NL leaders pejoratively called "river cities", including <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a> and <a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a>, with the inherent implication of lower morality or social standards in those cities. In contrast to the NL, the AA offered cheaper ticket prices, Sunday games and alcoholic beverages to its patrons.<sup id="cite_ref-SABR_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SABR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: p.55">: p.55 </span></sup> </p><p>On November 8, 1881, at the <a href="/wiki/Gibson_House_(Cincinnati)" title="Gibson House (Cincinnati)">Gibson House</a> in Cincinnati, it was decided that individual teams in the league-to-be would operate their own affairs and set their own admission prices,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> under an agreement called the "guarantee system". The NL at that time prohibited the sale of alcohol on its grounds, while the AA had no such restrictions, especially as several of its teams were backed by breweries and distilleries. The AA became known as "The Beer and Whiskey League", another pejorative term applied by NL owners, which did not seem to bother the fans of the Association's clubs. </p><p>Beginning in 1884 and continuing through 1890, the champion of the AA met the champion of the NL in an early version of the <a href="/wiki/World_Series" title="World Series">World Series</a>. These early Series were less organized than the modern version, with as few as three games played and as many as fifteen, and the contests of 1885 and 1890 ending in disputed ties. The NL won four of these Series, while the AA won only one, in 1886 when the <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Browns_(NL)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis Browns (NL)">St. Louis Browns</a> (now the <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Cardinals" title="St. Louis Cardinals">St. Louis Cardinals</a>) defeated the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_White_Stockings_(1870%E2%80%9389)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago White Stockings (1870–89)">Chicago White Stockings</a> (now the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cubs" title="Chicago Cubs">Chicago Cubs</a>). </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_pre-World_Series_baseball_champions" title="List of pre-World Series baseball champions">List of pre-World Series baseball champions</a></div> <p>Over its lifetime, the AA was weakened by several factors. One was the tendency of some of its teams to jump to the NL. The consistently stronger NL was in better position to survive adverse conditions. Some owners of AA teams also owned a NL team.<sup id="cite_ref-SABR_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SABR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: p.58">: p.58 </span></sup> The most significant blow to the AA was dealt by the <a href="/wiki/Players%27_League" title="Players' League">Players' League</a>, a third major league formed in 1890, which siphoned off talent and gate receipts. In a rare historical oddity, the <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Bridegrooms" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooklyn Bridegrooms">Brooklyn Bridegrooms</a> (now the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Dodgers" title="Los Angeles Dodgers">Los Angeles Dodgers</a>) won the league's championship and represented the AA in the <a href="/wiki/1889_World_Series" title="1889 World Series">1889 World Series</a>, switched to the NL during the off-season, and then repeated the same feat. </p><p>No player who spent the majority of his career in the AA is in the <a href="/wiki/National_Baseball_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum" title="National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum">baseball Hall of Fame</a>, although <a href="/wiki/Bid_McPhee" title="Bid McPhee">Bid McPhee</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds" title="Cincinnati Reds">Cincinnati Reds</a> played eight of his eighteen seasons in the AA before the Reds moved to the National League. The living legacy of the old Association is the group of teams that came over to the National League to stay. The Pirates moved to the NL after the 1886 season, the Bridegrooms/Dodgers and the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds" title="Cincinnati Reds">Cincinnati Reds</a> after the 1889 season, and the Browns/Cardinals after the American Association folded following the 1891 season. Following the reorganization and contraction of the NL from 12 teams down to 8 in 1900, half of the eight surviving teams were former members of the AA. Several of the AA's home-field venues survived into the 1960s: The ballpark used by the 1891 Washington club evolved into <a href="/wiki/Griffith_Stadium" title="Griffith Stadium">Griffith Stadium</a>; the home of the St. Louis Browns, <a href="/wiki/Sportsman%27s_Park" title="Sportsman's Park">Sportsman's Park</a>; and the city block occupied by the Reds, which evolved into <a href="/wiki/Crosley_Field" title="Crosley Field">Crosley Field</a>. Other than the clubs themselves, Crosley Field was the last physical remnant of the AA—it was the home field of the Cincinnati Reds until mid-season 1970 and was razed in April 1972. </p><p>During the AA's existence, several teams defected over to the NL, and at the AA's demise in 1891 four additional clubs joined the NL. From 1892 to 1899, when the NL consisted of 12 teams, 7 of them had been former AA clubs. Four former AA clubs, the Pittsburgh Pirates (defected to the NL in 1887), the Cincinnati Reds (defected to the NL in 1889), the Los Angeles Dodgers (defected in 1890) and the St. Louis Cardinals (joined the NL after the AA demise in 1891), have posted more than 10,000 all-time major-league victories.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>AA statistics are recognized by <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a> (MLB), the AA being one of six leagues deemed "major" by the Special Baseball Records Committee of Major League Baseball in 1969.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pennant_winners_of_the_AA">Pennant winners of the AA</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Association_(1882%E2%80%931891)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Pennant winners of the AA"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1882_AA_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1882 AA season">1882</a> <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Red_Stockings_(AA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati Red Stockings (AA)">Cincinnati Red Stockings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1883_AA_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1883 AA season">1883</a> <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Athletics_(American_Association)" title="Philadelphia Athletics (American Association)">Philadelphia Athletics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884_AA_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1884 AA season">1884</a> <a href="/wiki/New_York_Metropolitans" title="New York Metropolitans">New York Metropolitans</a> (lost World Series, 3–0, to Providence NL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1885_AA_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1885 AA season">1885</a> <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Browns_(NL)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis Browns (NL)">St. Louis Browns</a> (tied World Series, 3–3–1, with Chicago NL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1886_AA_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1886 AA season">1886</a> <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Browns_(NL)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis Browns (NL)">St. Louis Browns</a> (won World Series, 4–2, over Chicago NL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1887_AA_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1887 AA season">1887</a> <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Browns_(NL)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis Browns (NL)">St. Louis Browns</a> (lost World Series, 10–5, to Detroit NL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_AA_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1888 AA season">1888</a> <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Browns_(NL)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis Browns (NL)">St. Louis Browns</a> (lost World Series, 6–2, to New York NL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1889_AA_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1889 AA season">1889</a> <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Bridegrooms" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooklyn Bridegrooms">Brooklyn Bridegrooms</a> (lost World Series, 6–3, to New York NL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1890_AA_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1890 AA season">1890</a> <a href="/wiki/Louisville_Colonels" title="Louisville Colonels">Louisville Colonels</a> (tied World Series, 3–3–1, with Brooklyn NL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1891_AA_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1891 AA season">1891</a> <a href="/wiki/Boston_Reds_(1890%E2%80%9391)" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Reds (1890–91)">Boston Reds</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="American_Association_franchises">American Association franchises</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Association_(1882%E2%80%931891)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: American Association franchises"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td>Franchise </td> <td>Franchise name with all recorded nicknames </td></tr> <tr> <td>Years </td> <td>Years that the franchise were active in the AA </td></tr> <tr> <td>Home-field </td> <td>The home-field <a href="/wiki/Baseball_park" class="mw-redirect" title="Baseball park">ballpark</a>(s) in which the franchise played </td></tr> <tr> <td>Titles </td> <td>How many league titles the franchise won in the AA </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color: #bbeeff">† </td> <td>Franchise later joined the <a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">National League</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color: #ffffbb">§ </td> <td>Franchise transferred in from the <a href="/wiki/Players%27_League" title="Players' League">Players' League</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" border="1"> <tbody><tr> <th>Franchise</th> <th>Years</th> <th>Home-field</th> <th>Titles</th> <th class="unsortable">Notes</th> <th class="unsortable">Ref </th></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#bbeeff"><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Orioles_(19th_century)" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore Orioles (19th century)">Baltimore Orioles</a><sup>†</sup></td> <td>1882–1891</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Newington_Park" title="Newington Park">Newington Park</a>/<a href="/wiki/Oriole_Park" title="Oriole Park">Oriole Park I, II, III</a></td> <td align="center">0</td> <td></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#bbeeff"><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Red_Stockings_(AA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati Red Stockings (AA)">Cincinnati Red Stockings</a><sup>†</sup></td> <td>1882–1889</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bank_Street_Grounds" title="Bank Street Grounds">Bank Street Grounds</a>/<a href="/wiki/League_Park_(Cincinnati)" title="League Park (Cincinnati)">League Park I</a></td> <td align="center">1</td> <td>This franchise currently exists as the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds" title="Cincinnati Reds">Cincinnati Reds</a></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#bbeeff"><a href="/wiki/Louisville_Colonels" title="Louisville Colonels">Louisville Colonels</a><sup>†</sup></td> <td>1882–1891</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eclipse_Park" title="Eclipse Park">Eclipse Park I</a></td> <td align="center">1</td> <td></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Athletics_(American_Association)" title="Philadelphia Athletics (American Association)">Philadelphia Athletics</a></td> <td>1882–1890</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oakdale_Park" title="Oakdale Park">Oakdale Park</a>/<a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Street_Grounds" title="Jefferson Street Grounds">Jefferson Street Grounds</a></td> <td align="center">1</td> <td></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#bbeeff"><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Pirates" title="Pittsburgh Pirates">Pittsburgh Alleghenys</a><sup>†</sup></td> <td>1882–1886</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Exposition_Park_(Pittsburgh)" title="Exposition Park (Pittsburgh)">Exposition Park I, II</a>/<a href="/wiki/Recreation_Park_(Pittsburgh)" title="Recreation Park (Pittsburgh)">Recreation Park</a></td> <td align="center">0</td> <td>This franchise currently exists as the <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Pirates" title="Pittsburgh Pirates">Pittsburgh Pirates</a></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#bbeeff"><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Cardinals" title="St. Louis Cardinals">St. Louis Brown Stockings/Browns</a><sup>†</sup></td> <td>1882–1891</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sportsman%27s_Park" title="Sportsman's Park">Sportsman's Park I</a></td> <td align="center">4</td> <td>This franchise currently exists as the <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Cardinals" title="St. Louis Cardinals">St. Louis Cardinals</a></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Buckeyes_(AA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbus Buckeyes (AA)">Columbus Buckeyes</a></td> <td>1883–1884</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Recreation_Park_(Columbus)" title="Recreation Park (Columbus)">Recreation Park I</a></td> <td align="center">0</td> <td></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_Metropolitans" title="New York Metropolitans">New York Metropolitans</a></td> <td>1883–1887</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Polo_Grounds" title="Polo Grounds">Polo Grounds I</a>/<a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Park_(Manhattan)" title="Metropolitan Park (Manhattan)">Metropolitan Park</a>/<a href="/wiki/St._George_Cricket_Grounds" title="St. George Cricket Grounds">St. George Cricket Grounds</a></td> <td align="center">1</td> <td></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#bbeeff"><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Bridegrooms" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooklyn Bridegrooms">Brooklyn Atlantics/Grays/Bridegrooms</a><sup>†</sup></td> <td>1884–1889</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_Park_(baseball)" title="Washington Park (baseball)">Washington Park</a>/<a href="/wiki/Ridgewood_Park_(baseball_ground)" title="Ridgewood Park (baseball ground)">Ridgewood Park II</a></td> <td align="center">1</td> <td>This franchise currently exists as the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Dodgers" title="Los Angeles Dodgers">Los Angeles Dodgers</a></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ridgewood_Park_II_in_New_York_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ridgewood_Park_II_in_New_York-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_Hoosiers_(1884)" class="mw-redirect" title="Indianapolis Hoosiers (1884)">Indianapolis Hoosiers</a></td> <td>1884</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Street_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Seventh Street Park">Seventh Street Park I</a>/<a href="/wiki/Bruce_Grounds" title="Bruce Grounds">Bruce Grounds</a></td> <td align="center">0</td> <td></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Richmond_Virginians_(1884)" class="mw-redirect" title="Richmond Virginians (1884)">Richmond Virginia(n)s</a></td> <td>1884</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Allen_Pasture" class="mw-redirect" title="Allen Pasture">Allen Pasture</a></td> <td align="center">0</td> <td></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Toledo_Blue_Stockings" title="Toledo Blue Stockings">Toledo Blue Stockings</a></td> <td>1884</td> <td><a href="/wiki/League_Park_(Toledo)" title="League Park (Toledo)">League Park</a></td> <td align="center">0</td> <td></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_Nationals_(AA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Nationals (AA)">Washington Nationals</a></td> <td>1884</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Athletic_Park_(Washington)" title="Athletic Park (Washington)">Athletic Park</a></td> <td align="center">0</td> <td></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#bbeeff"><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Spiders" title="Cleveland Spiders">Cleveland Spiders</a><sup>†</sup></td> <td>1887–1888</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kennard_Street_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Kennard Street Park">Kennard Street Park</a></td> <td align="center">0</td> <td></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_Cowboys_(American_Association)" title="Kansas City Cowboys (American Association)">Kansas City Cowboys</a></td> <td>1888–1889</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Association_Park" title="Association Park">Association Park</a>/<a href="/wiki/Exposition_Park_(Kansas_City)" title="Exposition Park (Kansas City)">Exposition Park</a></td> <td align="center">0</td> <td></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Solons" title="Columbus Solons">Columbus Solons</a></td> <td>1889–1891</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Recreation_Park_(Columbus)" title="Recreation Park (Columbus)">Recreation Park II</a></td> <td align="center">0</td> <td></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Gladiators" title="Brooklyn Gladiators">Brooklyn Gladiators</a></td> <td>1890</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ridgewood_Park_(baseball_ground)" title="Ridgewood Park (baseball ground)">Ridgewood Park II</a>/<a href="/wiki/Polo_Grounds" title="Polo Grounds">Polo Grounds III</a></td> <td align="center">0</td> <td></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-Ridgewood_Park_II_in_New_York_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ridgewood_Park_II_in_New_York-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rochester_Broncos" title="Rochester Broncos">Rochester Broncos/Hop Bitters</a></td> <td>1890</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Culver_Field" title="Culver Field">Culver Field I</a>/<a href="/wiki/Polo_Grounds" title="Polo Grounds">Polo Grounds III</a></td> <td align="center">0</td> <td></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Syracuse_Stars_(AA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Syracuse Stars (AA)">Syracuse Stars</a></td> <td>1890</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Star_Park" title="Star Park">Star Park II</a></td> <td align="center">0</td> <td></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Toledo_Maumees" title="Toledo Maumees">Toledo Maumees</a></td> <td>1890</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Speranza_Park" title="Speranza Park">Speranza Park</a></td> <td align="center">0</td> <td></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#ffffbb"><a href="/wiki/Boston_Reds_(1890%E2%80%9391)" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Reds (1890–91)">Boston Reds</a><sup>§</sup></td> <td>1891</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Congress_Street_Grounds" title="Congress Street Grounds">Congress Street Grounds</a></td> <td align="center">1</td> <td>Transferred from the <a href="/wiki/Players%27_League" title="Players' League">Players' League</a> after 1890 season</td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Kelly%27s_Killers" title="Cincinnati Kelly's Killers">Cincinnati Kelly's Killers</a></td> <td>1891</td> <td><a href="/wiki/East_End_Park_(Cincinnati)" title="East End Park (Cincinnati)">East End Park</a></td> <td align="center">0</td> <td>Also referred to as the Reds and the Porkers</td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Brewers_(1891)" class="mw-redirect" title="Milwaukee Brewers (1891)">Milwaukee Brewers</a></td> <td>1891</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Athletic_Park_(Milwaukee)" class="mw-redirect" title="Athletic Park (Milwaukee)">Athletic Park</a></td> <td align="center">0</td> <td>Transferred to the Western League in 1892.</td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#ffffbb"><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Quakers/Athletics_(PL/AA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Philadelphia Quakers/Athletics (PL/AA)">Philadelphia Athletics</a><sup>§</sup></td> <td>1891</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Forepaugh_Park" title="Forepaugh Park">Forepaugh Park</a></td> <td align="center">0</td> <td>Transferred from the <a href="/wiki/Players%27_League" title="Players' League">Players' League</a> after 1890 season</td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#bbeeff"><a href="/wiki/Washington_Senators_(1891%E2%80%9399)" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Senators (1891–99)">Washington Statesmen</a><sup>†</sup></td> <td>1891</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Boundary_Field" title="Boundary Field">Boundary Field</a></td> <td align="center">0</td> <td></td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Timeline">Timeline</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Association_(1882%E2%80%931891)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Timeline"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_lm5ia7uq4u2dyxdazv3lk5839vumqzx"></map><img usemap="#timeline_lm5ia7uq4u2dyxdazv3lk5839vumqzx" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/lm5ia7uq4u2dyxdazv3lk5839vumqzx.png" /></div> <ol><li>The 1884 Washington Statesmen were replaced during the season by the Richmond Virginians.</li> <li>For the 1891 season, the Philadelphia Athletics were replaced by the Philadelphia Quakers of the Player's League.</li> <li>The 1891 Cincinnati Kelly's Killers folded during the season and were replaced by the Milwaukee Brewers.</li></ol> <ul><li>1882 – AA forms with six teams</li> <li>1883 – AA expands to eight teams</li> <li>1884 – AA expands to twelve teams in response to <a href="/wiki/Union_Association" title="Union Association">Union Association</a> threat</li> <li>1885 – AA returns to eight teams</li> <li>1887 – Allegheny ("Pittsburgh Alleghenys") leave AA to join NL</li> <li>1889 – Cleveland Spiders leave AA to join NL</li> <li>1890 – Cincinnati Red Stockings and Brooklyn Bridegrooms leave AA to join NL</li> <li>1892 – Baltimore Orioles, Louisville Colonels, St. Louis Browns, and Washington Senators join National League after the folding of the AA</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="AA_presidents">AA presidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Association_(1882%E2%80%931891)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: AA presidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Denny_McKnight" title="Denny McKnight">H. D. McKnight</a> (1882–1885)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheeler_C._Wyckoff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wheeler C. Wyckoff (page does not exist)">Wheeler C. Wyckoff</a> (1886–1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zach_Phelps" title="Zach Phelps">Zach Phelps</a> (1890)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_W._Thurman" title="Allen W. Thurman">Allen W. Thurman</a> (1890–1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Kramer" title="Louis Kramer">Louis Kramer</a> (1891)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ed_Renau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ed Renau (page does not exist)">Ed Renau</a> (1891)</li> <li>Zach Phelps (1891)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Association_(1882%E2%80%931891)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The modern version of the World Series began in 1903.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The other five leagues recognized as major in 1969 were the <a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">National League</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_League" title="American League">American League</a>, <a href="/wiki/Union_Association" title="Union Association">Union Association</a> (1884), <a href="/wiki/Players%27_League" title="Players' League">Players' League</a> (1890), and <a href="/wiki/Federal_League" title="Federal League">Federal League</a> (1914–1915). In late 2020, several leagues within <a href="/wiki/Negro_league_baseball" title="Negro league baseball">Negro league baseball</a> were also recognized.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Association_(1882%E2%80%931891)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>General</dt></dl> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFNemec,_David2004" class="citation book cs1">Nemec, David (2004). <i>The Beer and Whisky League : The Illustrated History of the American Association—Baseball's Renegade Major League</i>. Guilford: The Lyons Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59228-188-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-59228-188-5"><bdi>1-59228-188-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Beer+and+Whisky+League+%3A+The+Illustrated+History+of+the+American+Association%E2%80%94Baseball%27s+Renegade+Major+League&rft.place=Guilford&rft.pub=The+Lyons+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-59228-188-5&rft.au=Nemec%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPietrusza,_David1991" class="citation book cs1">Pietrusza, David (1991). <i>The Formation, Sometimes Absorption and Mostly Inevitable Demise of 18 Professional Baseball Organizations, 1871 to Present</i>. Jefferson (NC): McFarland & Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89950-590-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-89950-590-2"><bdi>0-89950-590-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Formation%2C+Sometimes+Absorption+and+Mostly+Inevitable+Demise+of+18+Professional+Baseball+Organizations%2C+1871+to+Present&rft.pub=Jefferson+%28NC%29%3A+McFarland+%26+Company&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-89950-590-2&rft.au=Pietrusza%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <dl><dt>Specific</dt></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-SABR-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SABR_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SABR_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShipley1995" class="citation journal cs1">Shipley, Robert E. (Summer 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://research.sabr.org/journals/files/SABR-National_Pastime-15.pdf">"Not Bad for A Beer League"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The National Pastime</i>. <b>15</b>. Cleveland, Ohio: <a href="/wiki/Society_for_American_Baseball_Research" title="Society for American Baseball Research">Society for American Baseball Research</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120304112906/http://research.sabr.org/journals/files/SABR-National_Pastime-15.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on March 4, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+National+Pastime&rft.atitle=Not+Bad+for+A+Beer+League&rft.ssn=summer&rft.volume=15&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Shipley&rft.aufirst=Robert+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fresearch.sabr.org%2Fjournals%2Ffiles%2FSABR-National_Pastime-15.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Encyclopedia of Louisville</i>, John E. Kleber</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/">"MLB Teams and Baseball Encyclopedia - Baseball-Reference.com"</a>. <i>Baseball-Reference.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100808123843/http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/">Archived</a> from the original on August 8, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 7,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baseball-Reference.com&rft.atitle=MLB+Teams+and+Baseball+Encyclopedia+-+Baseball-Reference.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseball-reference.com%2Fteams%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210709184435/https://www.artvoice.com/2020/12/16/major-league-baseball-finally-elevates-the-negro-leagues-to-major-league-officially-recognizing-their-statistical-records/">"Major League Baseball finally elevates the Negro Leagues to "Major League" officially recognizing their statistical records"</a>. <i>artvoice.com</i>. December 16, 2020. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.artvoice.com/2020/12/16/major-league-baseball-finally-elevates-the-negro-leagues-to-major-league-officially-recognizing-their-statistical-records/">the original</a> on July 9, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 4,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=artvoice.com&rft.atitle=Major+League+Baseball+finally+elevates+the+Negro+Leagues+to+%22Major+League%22+officially+recognizing+their+statistical+records&rft.date=2020-12-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.artvoice.com%2F2020%2F12%2F16%2Fmajor-league-baseball-finally-elevates-the-negro-leagues-to-major-league-officially-recognizing-their-statistical-records%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/press-release/press-release-mlb-officially-designates-the-negro-leagues-as-major-league">"MLB officially designates the Negro Leagues as 'Major League'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>MLB.com</i> (Press release). Major League Baseball. December 16, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 4,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MLB+officially+designates+the+Negro+Leagues+as+%27Major+League%27&rft.pub=Major+League+Baseball&rft.date=2020-12-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlb.com%2Fpress-release%2Fpress-release-mlb-officially-designates-the-negro-leagues-as-major-league&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/B/FR_BLN.htm">"Baltimore Orioles (1882-1899) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Baltimore+Orioles+%281882-1899%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FB%2FFR_BLN.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/B/PK_BAL02.htm">"Newington Park in Baltimore, MD"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Newington+Park+in+Baltimore%2C+MD&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FB%2FPK_BAL02.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/B/PK_BAL03.htm">"Oriole Park I in Baltimore, MD"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oriole+Park+I+in+Baltimore%2C+MD&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FB%2FPK_BAL03.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/B/PK_BAL06.htm">"Oriole Park II in Baltimore, MD"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oriole+Park+II+in+Baltimore%2C+MD&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FB%2FPK_BAL06.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/C/FR_CIN.htm">"Cincinnati Reds (1882-2008) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cincinnati+Reds+%281882-2008%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FC%2FFR_CIN.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/C/PK_CIN03.htm">"Bank Street Grounds in Cincinnati, OH"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bank+Street+Grounds+in+Cincinnati%2C+OH&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FC%2FPK_CIN03.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/C/PK_CIN04.htm">"League Park I in Cincinnati, OH"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=League+Park+I+in+Cincinnati%2C+OH&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FC%2FPK_CIN04.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/L/FR_LS3.htm">"Louisville Colonels (1882-1899) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Louisville+Colonels+%281882-1899%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FL%2FFR_LS3.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/L/PK_LOU02.htm">"Eclipse Park I in Louisville, KY"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eclipse+Park+I+in+Louisville%2C+KY&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FL%2FPK_LOU02.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/P/FR_PH4.htm">"Philadelphia Athletics (1882-1890) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170628032451/http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/P/FR_PH4.htm">Archived</a> from the original on June 28, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Philadelphia+Athletics+%281882-1890%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FP%2FFR_PH4.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/P/PK_PHI03.htm">"Oakdale Park in Philadelphia, PA"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oakdale+Park+in+Philadelphia%2C+PA&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FP%2FPK_PHI03.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/P/PK_PHI01.htm">"Jefferson Street Grounds in Philadelphia, PA"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jefferson+Street+Grounds+in+Philadelphia%2C+PA.&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FP%2FPK_PHI01.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/P/FR_PIT.htm">"Pittsburgh Pirates (1882-2008) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pittsburgh+Pirates+%281882-2008%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FP%2FFR_PIT.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/P/PK_PIT02.htm">"Exposition Park I in Pittsburgh, PA"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Exposition+Park+I+in+Pittsburgh%2C+PA&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FP%2FPK_PIT02.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/P/PK_PIT04.htm">"Recreation Park in Pittsburgh, PA"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Recreation+Park+in+Pittsburgh%2C+PA&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FP%2FPK_PIT04.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/S/FR_SLN.htm">"St. Louis Cardinals (1882-1890) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=St.+Louis+Cardinals+%281882-1890%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FS%2FFR_SLN.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/S/PK_STL03.htm">"Sportsman's Park I in St. Louis, MO"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sportsman%27s+Park+I+in+St.+Louis%2C+MO&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FS%2FPK_STL03.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/C/FR_CL5.htm">"Columbus Buckeyes (1883-1884) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Columbus+Buckeyes+%281883-1884%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FC%2FFR_CL5.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/C/PK_COL01.htm">"Recreation Park I in Columbus, OH"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Recreation+Park+I+in+Columbus%2C+OH&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FC%2FPK_COL01.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/N/FR_NY4.htm">"New York Metropolitans (1883-1887) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+York+Metropolitans+%281883-1887%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FN%2FFR_NY4.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/N/PK_NYC03.htm">"Polo Grounds I (Southeast Diamond) in New York, NY"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Polo+Grounds+I+%28Southeast+Diamond%29+in+New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FN%2FPK_NYC03.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/N/PK_NYC06.htm">"Metropolitan Park in New York"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Metropolitan+Park+in+New+York&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FN%2FPK_NYC06.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/1886/TNY401886.htm">"St. George Cricket Grounds in St. George, NY"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=St.+George+Cricket+Grounds+in+St.+George%2C+NY&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2F1886%2FTNY401886.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/L/FR_LAN.htm">"Los Angeles Dodgers (1882-2008) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Los+Angeles+Dodgers+%281882-2008%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FL%2FFR_LAN.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/N/PK_NYC05.htm">"Washington Park I in Brooklyn, NY"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Washington+Park+I+in+Brooklyn%2C+NY&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FN%2FPK_NYC05.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ridgewood_Park_II_in_New_York-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ridgewood_Park_II_in_New_York_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ridgewood_Park_II_in_New_York_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/N/PK_NYC18.htm">"Ridgewood Park II in New York, NY"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ridgewood+Park+II+in+New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FN%2FPK_NYC18.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/I/FR_IN2.htm">"Indianapolis Blues (1884) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Indianapolis+Blues+%281884%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FI%2FFR_IN2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/I/PK_IND02.htm">"Seventh Street Park I in Indianapolis, IN"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Seventh+Street+Park+I+in+Indianapolis%2C+IN&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FI%2FPK_IND02.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/I/PK_IND03.htm">"Bruce Grounds in Indianapolis, IN"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bruce+Grounds+in+Indianapolis%2C+IN&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FI%2FPK_IND03.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/R/FR_RIC.htm">"Richmond Virginias (1884) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Richmond+Virginias+%281884%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FR%2FFR_RIC.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/R/PK_RIC02.htm">"Allens Pasture in Richmond, VA"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Allens+Pasture+in+Richmond%2C+VA&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FR%2FPK_RIC02.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/T/FR_TL1.htm">"Toledo Blue Stockings (1884) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Toledo+Blue+Stockings+%281884%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FT%2FFR_TL1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/T/PK_TOL01.htm">"League Park in Toledo, OH"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=League+Park+in+Toledo%2C+OH&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FT%2FPK_TOL01.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/W/FR_WS7.htm">"Washington Nationals (1884) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Washington+Nationals+%281884%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FW%2FFR_WS7.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/W/PK_WAS04.htm">"Athletic Park in Washington, DC"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Athletic+Park+in+Washington%2C+DC&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FW%2FPK_WAS04.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/C/FR_CL4.htm">"Cleveland Spiders (1887-1899) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cleveland+Spiders+%281887-1899%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FC%2FFR_CL4.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/C/PK_CLE03.htm">"League Park II in Cleveland, OH"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=League+Park+II+in+Cleveland%2C+OH&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FC%2FPK_CLE03.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/K/FR_KC2.htm">"Kansas City Cowboys (1888-1899) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kansas+City+Cowboys+%281888-1899%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FK%2FFR_KC2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/K/PK_KAN02.htm">"Association Park in Kansas City, MO"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Association+Park+in+Kansas+City%2C+MO&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FK%2FPK_KAN02.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/K/PK_KAN03.htm">"Exposition Park in Kansas City, MO"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Exposition+Park+in+Kansas+City%2C+MO&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FK%2FPK_KAN03.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/C/FR_CL6.htm">"Columbus Solons (1889-1891) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Columbus+Solons+%281889-1891%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FC%2FFR_CL6.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/C/PK_COL02.htm">"Recreation Park II in Columbus, OH"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Recreation+Park+II+in+Columbus%2C+OH&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FC%2FPK_COL02.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/B/FR_BR4.htm">"Brooklyn Gladiators (1890) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Brooklyn+Gladiators+%281890%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FB%2FFR_BR4.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/N/PK_NYC09.htm">"Polo Grounds III in New York"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Polo+Grounds+III+in+New+York&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FN%2FPK_NYC09.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/R/FR_RC2.htm">"Rochester Hop Bitters (1890) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rochester+Hop+Bitters+%281890%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FR%2FFR_RC2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/R/PK_ROC01.htm">"Culver Field I in Rochester, NY"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Culver+Field+I+in+Rochester%2C+NY&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FR%2FPK_ROC01.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/S/FR_SR2.htm">"Syracuse Stars (1890) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Syracuse+Stars+%281890%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FS%2FFR_SR2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/S/PK_SYR02.htm">"Star Park II in Syracuse, NY"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Star+Park+II+in+Syracuse%2C+NY&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FS%2FPK_SYR02.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/T/FR_TL2.htm">"Toledo Maumees (1890) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Toledo+Maumees+%281890%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FT%2FFR_TL2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/T/PK_TOL03.htm">"Speranza Park in Toledo, OH"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Speranza+Park+in+Toledo%2C+OH&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FT%2FPK_TOL03.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/B/FR_BS2.htm">"Boston Reds (1890-1891) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Boston+Reds+%281890-1891%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FB%2FFR_BS2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/B/PK_BOS04.htm">"Congress Street Grounds in Boston, MA"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Congress+Street+Grounds+in+Boston%2C+MA&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FB%2FPK_BOS04.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/C/FR_CN3.htm">"Cincinnati Kelly's Killers (1891) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cincinnati+Kelly%27s+Killers+%281891%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FC%2FFR_CN3.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/P/PK_PEN01.htm">"East End Park in Cincinnati, OH"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=East+End+Park+in+Cincinnati%2C+OH&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FP%2FPK_PEN01.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/M/FR_ML3.htm">"Milwaukee Brewers (1891) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Milwaukee+Brewers+%281891%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FM%2FFR_ML3.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/M/PK_MIL03.htm">"Athletic Park in Milwaukee, WI"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Athletic+Park+in+Milwaukee%2C+WI&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FM%2FPK_MIL03.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/P/FR_PHP.htm">"Philadelphia Athletics (1890-1891) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Philadelphia+Athletics+%281890-1891%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FP%2FFR_PHP.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/P/PK_PHI07.htm">"Forepaugh Park in Philadelphia, PA"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Forepaugh+Park+in+Philadelphia%2C+PA&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FP%2FPK_PHI07.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/W/FR_WSN.htm">"Milwaukee Brewers (1891) franchise index"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Milwaukee+Brewers+%281891%29+franchise+index&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FW%2FFR_WSN.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/W/PK_WAS06.htm">"Boundary Field in Washington, DC"</a>. Retrosheet, Inc.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Boundary+Field+in+Washington%2C+DC&rft.pub=Retrosheet%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrosheet.org%2Fboxesetc%2FW%2FPK_WAS06.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Association+%281882%E2%80%931891%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Association_(1882%E2%80%931891)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20070501&content_id=1940267&vkey=news_cin&fext=.jsp&c_id=cin">"American Association Remembered"</a>, MLB.com</li></ul> <div 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class="mw-selflink selflink">American Association (1882–1891)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transferred to<br /><a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">National League</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Still active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Cincinnati_Reds#1866–1896:_The_original_"Red_Stockings"_and_the_pre-NL_days" title="History of the Cincinnati Reds">Cincinnati Red Stockings</a> (1882–1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Brooklyn_Dodgers#The_origin_of_the_Dodgers" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Brooklyn Dodgers">Brooklyn Bridegrooms</a> (1884–1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Pittsburgh_Pirates#Early_baseball_in_Pittsburgh_and_the_American_Association" title="History of the Pittsburgh Pirates">Pittsburgh Alleghenys</a> (1882–1886)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_St._Louis_Cardinals_(1875%E2%80%931919)#American_Association_era_(1882–1891)" title="History of the St. Louis Cardinals (1875–1919)">St. Louis Browns</a> (1882–1891)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Now defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Orioles_(1882%E2%80%931899)" title="Baltimore Orioles (1882–1899)">Baltimore Orioles</a> (1882–1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville_Colonels" title="Louisville Colonels">Louisville Colonels</a> (1882–1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Spiders" title="Cleveland Spiders">Cleveland Blues</a> (1887–1888)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Senators_(1891%E2%80%931899)" title="Washington Senators (1891–1899)">Washington Senators</a> (1891)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Reds_(1890%E2%80%931891)" title="Boston Reds (1890–1891)">Boston Reds</a> (1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Gladiators" title="Brooklyn Gladiators">Brooklyn Gladiators</a> (1890)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Kelly%27s_Killers" title="Cincinnati Kelly's Killers">Cincinnati Kelly's Killers</a> (1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Buckeyes_(American_Association)" title="Columbus Buckeyes (American Association)">Columbus Buckeyes</a> (1883–1884)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Solons" title="Columbus Solons">Columbus Solons</a> (1889–1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_Hoosiers_(American_Association)" title="Indianapolis Hoosiers (American Association)">Indianapolis Hoosiers</a> (1884)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_Cowboys_(American_Association)" title="Kansas City Cowboys (American Association)">Kansas City Cowboys</a> (1888–1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Brewers_(1886%E2%80%931892)" title="Milwaukee Brewers (1886–1892)">Milwaukee Brewers</a> (1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Metropolitans" title="New York Metropolitans">New York Metropolitans</a> (1883–1887)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Athletics_(1890%E2%80%931891)" title="Philadelphia Athletics (1890–1891)">Philadelphia Athletics</a> (1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Athletics_(American_Association)" title="Philadelphia Athletics (American Association)">Philadelphia Athletics</a> (1882–1890)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond_Virginians_(American_Association)" title="Richmond Virginians (American Association)">Richmond Virginians</a> (1884)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester_Broncos" title="Rochester Broncos">Rochester Broncos</a> (1890)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syracuse_Stars_(American_Association)" title="Syracuse Stars (American Association)">Syracuse Stars</a> (1890)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo_Blue_Stockings" title="Toledo Blue Stockings">Toledo Blue Stockings</a> (1884)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo_Maumees" title="Toledo Maumees">Toledo Maumees</a> (1890)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Nationals_(American_Association)" title="Washington Nationals (American Association)">Washington Nationals</a> (1884)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Years in parentheses are years in the American Association</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Professional_baseball_leagues" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Professional_Baseball" title="Template:Professional Baseball"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Professional_Baseball" title="Template talk:Professional Baseball"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Professional_Baseball" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Professional Baseball"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Professional_baseball_leagues" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_professional_sports_leagues#Baseball" title="List of professional sports leagues">Professional baseball leagues</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Americas"><b>Americas</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Major</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_League" title="American League">American League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">National League</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Minor_League_Baseball" title="Minor League Baseball">Minor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Triple-A_(baseball)" title="Triple-A (baseball)">Triple-A</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_League" title="International League">International League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Coast_League" title="Pacific Coast League">Pacific Coast League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Double-A_(baseball)" title="Double-A (baseball)">Double-A</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_League_(1938%E2%80%93present)" title="Eastern League (1938–present)">Eastern League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_League_(1964%E2%80%93present)" title="Southern League (1964–present)">Southern League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_League" title="Texas League">Texas League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/High-A" title="High-A">High-A</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Midwest_League" title="Midwest League">Midwest League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_League" title="Northwest League">Northwest League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Atlantic_League" title="South Atlantic League">South Atlantic League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Single-A" title="Single-A">Single-A</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_League" title="California League">California League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolina_League" title="Carolina League">Carolina League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_State_League" title="Florida State League">Florida State League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Minor_League_Baseball#Rookie" title="Minor League Baseball">Rookie</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Complex_League" title="Arizona Complex League">Arizona Complex League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Summer_League" title="Dominican Summer League">Dominican Summer League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_Complex_League" title="Florida Complex League">Florida Complex League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Independent_baseball_league" title="Independent baseball league">Independent</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">MLB Partner Leagues</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Association_of_Professional_Baseball" title="American Association of Professional Baseball">American Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_League_of_Professional_Baseball" title="Atlantic League of Professional Baseball">Atlantic League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frontier_League" title="Frontier League">Frontier League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_League_(baseball)" title="Pioneer League (baseball)">Pioneer League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MLB_Draft_League" title="MLB Draft League">MLB Draft League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Non-partnered leagues</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_National_Series" title="Cuban National Series">Cuban National Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao_National_Championship_AA_League" title="Curaçao National Championship AA League">Curaçao AA League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_Professional_Baseball_League" title="Empire Professional Baseball League">Empire League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_League" title="Mexican League">Mexican League</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liga_Norte_de_M%C3%A9xico" title="Liga Norte de México">Liga Norte de México</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pecos_League" title="Pecos League">Pecos League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Shore_Professional_Baseball_League" title="United Shore Professional Baseball League">United Shore League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_Major_League" title="Venezuelan Major League">Venezuelan Major League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Pro_Baseball_League" title="Women's Pro Baseball League">Women's Pro Baseball League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Winter_league_baseball" title="Winter league baseball">Off-season</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">MLB-affiliated</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Fall_League" title="Arizona Fall League">Arizona Fall League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Professional_Baseball_League" title="Dominican Professional Baseball League">Dominican Professional Baseball League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Pacific_League" title="Mexican Pacific League">Mexican Pacific League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liga_de_B%C3%A9isbol_Profesional_Roberto_Clemente" title="Liga de Béisbol Profesional Roberto Clemente">Puerto Rico Baseball League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_Professional_Baseball_League" title="Venezuelan Professional Baseball League">Venezuelan Professional Baseball League</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liga_Paralela_de_B%C3%A9isbol_en_Venezuela" title="Liga Paralela de Béisbol en Venezuela">Liga Paralela</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Independent</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_Baseball_League" title="Argentine Baseball League">Argentine Baseball League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_Professional_Baseball_League" title="Colombian Professional Baseball League">Colombian Professional Baseball League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Elite_League" title="Cuban Elite League">Cuban Elite League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao_Professional_Baseball_League" title="Curaçao Professional Baseball League">Curaçao Professional Baseball League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaraguan_Professional_Baseball_League" title="Nicaraguan Professional Baseball League">Nicaraguan Professional Baseball League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panamanian_Professional_Baseball_League" title="Panamanian Professional Baseball League">Panamanian Professional Baseball League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liga_Invernal_Veracruzana" title="Liga Invernal Veracruzana">Veracruz Winter League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">MLB-recognized</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">American Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_League" title="Federal League">Federal League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negro_league_baseball" title="Negro league baseball">Negro league baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Players%27_League" title="Players' League">Players' League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Association" title="Union Association">Union Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Other major</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-American_Girls_Professional_Baseball_League" title="All-American Girls Professional Baseball League">All-American Girls Professional Baseball League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_League" title="Continental League">Continental League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_League" title="Cuban League">Cuban League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Professional_Base_Ball_Players" title="National Association of Professional Base Ball Players">National Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Baseball_League" title="United States Baseball League">United States Baseball League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Minor</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_minor_baseball_leagues_in_the_United_States" title="List of defunct minor baseball leagues in the United States">List of defunct minor leagues</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Asia"><b>Asia</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">China</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Baseball_League" title="China National Baseball League">China National Baseball League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Israel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Defunct_major" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Defunct major</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Baseball_League" title="Israel Baseball League">Israel Baseball League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Japan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Major</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nippon_Professional_Baseball" title="Nippon Professional Baseball">Nippon Professional Baseball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_League" title="Central League">Central League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_League" title="Pacific League">Pacific League</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Minor</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_League_(Japanese_baseball)" title="Eastern League (Japanese baseball)">Eastern League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_League_(Japanese_baseball)" title="Western League (Japanese baseball)">Western League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Off-season</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miyazaki_Phoenix_League" title="Miyazaki Phoenix League">Miyazaki Phoenix League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Independent</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_Challenge_League" title="Baseball Challenge League">Baseball Challenge League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shikoku_Island_League_Plus" title="Shikoku Island League Plus">Shikoku Island League Plus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Women's</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Women%27s_Baseball_League" title="Japan Women's Baseball League">Japan Women's Baseball League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">South Korea</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Major</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KBO_League" title="KBO League">KBO League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Minor</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KBO_Futures_League" title="KBO Futures League">KBO Futures League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Taiwan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Major</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Professional_Baseball_League" title="Chinese Professional Baseball League">Chinese Professional Baseball League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Minor</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Professional_Baseball_League" title="Chinese Professional Baseball League">Chinese Professional Baseball League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Defunct major</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Major_League" title="Taiwan Major League">Taiwan Major League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Europe"><b>Europe</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Italy and San Marino</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Baseball_League" title="Italian Baseball League">Italian Baseball League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Netherlands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Major</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Honkbal_Hoofdklasse" title="Honkbal Hoofdklasse">Honkbal Hoofdklasse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Minor</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Honkbal_Overgangsklasse" title="Honkbal Overgangsklasse">Honkbal Overgangsklasse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Rookie</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Honkbal_Rookie_League" title="Honkbal Rookie League">Honkbal Rookie League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Oceania"><b>Oceania</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Australia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="MLB-affiliated:" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">MLB-affiliated:</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Baseball_League" title="Australian Baseball League">Australian Baseball League</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Inter-league"><b>Inter-league</b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asia_Professional_Baseball_Championship" title="Asia Professional Baseball Championship">Asia Professional Baseball Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia_Winter_Baseball_League" title="Asia Winter Baseball League">Asia Winter Baseball League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Series" title="Caribbean Series">Caribbean Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_American_Series" title="Latin American Series">Latin American Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple-A_National_Championship_Game" title="Triple-A National Championship Game">Triple-A National Championship Game</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American_Association_(1882–1891)&oldid=1257175025">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American_Association_(1882–1891)&oldid=1257175025</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_Association_(1882%E2%80%931891)" title="Category:American Association 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