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<div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Bāng-tsām"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ilya Frank</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往別種語言的條目。有 68 種語言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-68" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">68 chióng gú-giân</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%83" title="إليا فرانك – 阿拉伯文" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إليا فرانك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%83" title="اليا فرانك – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اليا فرانك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0lya_Frank" title="İlya Frank – 亞塞拜然文" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İlya Frank" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="亞塞拜然文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9" title="لیا فرانک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لیا فرانک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA_%D0%98%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Франк Илья Михайлович – 巴什喀爾文" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Франк Илья Михайлович" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什喀爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA" title="Ілья Міхайлавіч Франк – 白俄羅斯文" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ілья Міхайлавіч Франк" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄羅斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA" title="Иля Франк – 保加利亞文" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Иля Франк" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95" title="ইলিয়া ফ্রাংক – 孟加拉文" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইলিয়া ফ্রাংক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ili%C3%A0_Frank" title="Ilià Frank – 加泰蘭文" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ilià Frank" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilja_Frank" title="Ilja Frank – 捷克文" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ilja Frank" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilja_M._Frank" title="Ilja M. Frank – 丹麥文" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ilja M. Frank" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麥文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilja_Michailowitsch_Frank" title="Ilja Michailowitsch Frank – 德文" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ilja Michailowitsch Frank" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%AC_%CE%A6%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%BA" title="Ιλιά Φρανκ – 希臘文" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιλιά Φρανκ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希臘文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Frank" title="Ilya Frank – 英文" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ilya Frank" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilja_Frank" title="Ilja Frank – 世界文" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ilja Frank" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ili%C3%A1_Frank" title="Iliá Frank – 西班牙文" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Iliá Frank" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilja_Frank" title="Ilja Frank – 愛沙尼亞文" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ilja Frank" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="愛沙尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilia_Frank" title="Ilia Frank – 巴斯克文" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ilia Frank" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9" title="لیا فرانک – 波斯文" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لیا فرانک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilja_Frank" title="Ilja Frank – 芬蘭文" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ilja Frank" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilia_Frank" title="Ilia Frank – 法文" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ilia Frank" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Mikhailovich_Frank" title="Ilya Mikhailovich Frank – 愛爾蘭文" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ilya Mikhailovich Frank" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="愛爾蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Frank" title="Ilya Frank – 加利西亞文" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ilya Frank" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Frank" title="Ilya Frank – 客家話" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ilya Frank" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家話" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%A7" title="איליה פרנק – 希伯來文" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איליה פרנק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilja_Mihajlovi%C4%8D_Frank" title="Ilja Mihajlovič Frank – 克羅埃西亞文" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ilja Mihajlovič Frank" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Frank" title="Ilya Frank – 海地文" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Ilya Frank" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%AC%D5%B5%D5%A1_%D5%96%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AF" title="Իլյա Ֆրանկ – 亞美尼亞文" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իլյա Ֆրանկ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亞美尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Frank" title="Ilya Frank – 印尼文" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ilya Frank" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Mihailovich_Frank" title="Ilya Mihailovich Frank – 伊多文" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ilya Mihailovich Frank" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Il%27ja_Michajlovi%C4%8D_Frank" title="Il'ja Michajlovič Frank – 義大利文" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Il'ja Michajlovič Frank" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="義大利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AA%E3%83%A4%E3%83%BB%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AF" title="イリヤ・フランク – 日文" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イリヤ・フランク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA" title="Илья Михайлович Франк – 哈薩克文" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Илья Михайлович Франк" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈薩克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%BC_%ED%94%84%EB%9E%80%ED%81%AC" title="일리야 프란크 – 韓文" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="일리야 프란크" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA" title="Илья Михайлович Франк – 吉爾吉斯文" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Илья Михайлович Франк" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="吉爾吉斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elias_Frank" title="Elias Frank – 拉丁文" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Elias Frank" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilja_Frankas" title="Ilja Frankas – 立陶宛文" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ilja Frankas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C4%BCja_Franks" title="Iļja Franks – 拉脫維亞文" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Iļja Franks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脫維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%99%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA" title="Иљја Франк – 馬其頓文" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Иљја Франк" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="馬其頓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%95" title="इल्या फ्रँक – 馬拉地文" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इल्या फ्रँक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="馬拉地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Frank" title="Ilya Frank – 馬來文" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ilya Frank" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="馬來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9" title="لیا فرانک – 馬贊德蘭文" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="لیا فرانک" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="馬贊德蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%C2%B4%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95" title="इल्´या एम् फ्र्यान्क – 尼瓦爾文" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="इल्´या एम् फ्र्यान्क" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilja_Frank" title="Ilja Frank – 荷蘭文" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ilja Frank" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilja_Frank" title="Ilja Frank – 耐諾斯克挪威文" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ilja Frank" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="耐諾斯克挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilja_Frank" title="Ilja Frank – 巴克摩挪威文" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ilja Frank" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="巴克摩挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86_%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%95" title="ਇਲਿਆ ਫਰੈਂਕ – 旁遮普文" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਲਿਆ ਫਰੈਂਕ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilja_Frank" title="Ilja Frank – 波蘭文" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ilja Frank" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%A9" title="الیا فرینک – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="الیا فرینک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilia_Frank" title="Ilia Frank – 葡萄牙文" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ilia Frank" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilia_Frank" title="Ilia Frank – 羅馬尼亞文" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ilia Frank" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="羅馬尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA,_%D0%98%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Франк, Илья Михайлович – 俄文" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Франк, Илья Михайлович" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilia_Michajlovi%C4%8D_Frank" title="Ilia Michajlovič Frank – 斯洛伐克文" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ilia Michajlovič Frank" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilja_Mihajlovi%C4%8D_Frank" title="Ilja Mihajlovič Frank – 斯洛維尼亞文" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ilja Mihajlovič Frank" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛維尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%99%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA" title="Иља Михајлович Франк – 塞爾維亞文" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Иља Михајлович Франк" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilja_M._Frank" title="Ilja M. Frank – 瑞典文" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ilja M. Frank" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Frank" title="Ilya Frank – 史瓦希里文" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ilya Frank" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="史瓦希里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0lya_Frank" title="İlya Frank – 土耳其文" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İlya Frank" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA" title="Илья Франк – 韃靼文" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Илья Франк" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="韃靼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA_%D0%86%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Франк Ілля Михайлович – 烏克蘭文" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Франк Ілля Михайлович" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="烏克蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9" title="الوا فرانک – 烏都文" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="الوا فرانک" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="烏都文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Frank" title="Ilya Frank – 烏茲別克文" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ilya Frank" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="烏茲別克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Mikhailovich_Frank" title="Ilya Mikhailovich Frank – 越南文" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ilya Mikhailovich Frank" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E7%B1%B3%E5%93%88%E4%BC%8A%E6%B4%9B%E7%BB%B4%E5%A5%87%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E5%85%B0%E5%85%8B" title="伊利亚·米哈伊洛维奇·弗兰克 – 吳語" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="伊利亚·米哈伊洛维奇·弗兰克" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吳語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90_%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%99%E1%83%98" title="ილია ფრანკი – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ილია ფრანკი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Frank" title="Ilya Frank – 約魯巴文" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ilya Frank" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="約魯巴文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E5%85%B0%E5%85%8B" title="伊利亚·弗兰克 – 中文" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊利亚·弗兰克" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nan" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/t%C3%B3ng-%C3%A0n:Ilya_Frank.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Ilya_Frank.jpg/200px-Ilya_Frank.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Ilya_Frank.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a><figcaption>Ilya Frank</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Ilya Mikhailovich Frank</b> (<a href="/wiki/L%C5%8D%CD%98-se-a-g%C3%AD" title="Lō͘-se-a-gí">Lō͘-se-a-gí</a>: <span lang="ru">Илья Михайлович Франк</span>, <a href="/wiki/1908_n%C3%AE" title="1908 nî">1908 nî</a> <a href="/wiki/10_goe%CC%8Dh_23_ji%CC%8Dt" title="10 goe̍h 23 ji̍t">10 goe̍h 23 ji̍t</a> – <a href="/wiki/1990_n%C3%AE" title="1990 nî">1990 nî</a> <a href="/wiki/6_goe%CC%8Dh_22_ji%CC%8Dt" title="6 goe̍h 22 ji̍t">6 goe̍h 22 ji̍t</a>) sī <a href="/wiki/So%CD%98-li%C3%A2n" title="So͘-liân">So͘-liân</a> ê <a href="/wiki/Bu%CC%8Dt-l%C3%AD-ha%CC%8Dk-ka" class="mw-redirect" title="Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka">bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka</a>. I tī <a href="/wiki/1958_n%C3%AE" title="1958 nî">1958 nî</a> kah <a href="/wiki/Pavel_Cherenkov" title="Pavel Cherenkov">Pavel Cherenkov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Igor_Tamm" title="Igor Tamm">Igor Tamm</a> tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Bu%CC%8Dt-l%C3%AD-ha%CC%8Dk_Chi%C3%B3ng" title="Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng">Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng</a>. </p> <table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Pang-b%C3%B4%CD%98:Nobel_Bu%CC%8Dt-l%C3%AD-ha%CC%8Dk_Chi%C3%B3ng_tit-chi%C3%B3ng-j%C3%AEn" title="Pang-bô͘:Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng tit-chióng-jîn"><abbr title="Hián-sī chit-ê pang-bô͘" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;">hián</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pang-b%C3%B4%CD%98_th%C3%B3-l%C5%ABn:Nobel_Bu%CC%8Dt-l%C3%AD-ha%CC%8Dk_Chi%C3%B3ng_tit-chi%C3%B3ng-j%C3%AEn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pang-bô͘ thó-lūn:Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng tit-chióng-jîn (iáu-boē siá)"><abbr title="Thó-lūn chit-ê pang-bô͘" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;">lūn</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pang-b%C3%B4%CD%98:Nobel_Bu%CC%8Dt-l%C3%AD-ha%CC%8Dk_Chi%C3%B3ng_tit-chi%C3%B3ng-j%C3%AEn&action=edit"><abbr title="Pian-chip chit-ê pang-bô" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;">pian</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Bu%CC%8Dt-l%C3%AD-ha%CC%8Dk_Chi%C3%B3ng" title="Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng">Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng</a> tit-chióng-jîn</div></th></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group">1901–1925</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1901: <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_R%C3%B6ntgen" title="Wilhelm Röntgen">Röntgen</a></li> <li>1902: <a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Lorentz" title="Hendrik Lorentz">Lorentz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pieter_Zeeman" title="Pieter Zeeman">Zeeman</a></li> <li>1903: <a href="/wiki/Henri_Becquerel" title="Henri Becquerel">Becquerel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Curie" title="Pierre Curie">P. Curie</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marie_Curie" title="Marie Curie">M. Curie</a></li> <li>1904: <a href="/wiki/T%C4%93_3_t%C4%81i_Rayleigh_L%C3%A2m-chiok_John_William_Strutt" title="Tē 3 tāi Rayleigh Lâm-chiok John William Strutt">Rayleigh</a></li> <li>1905: <a href="/wiki/Philipp_Lenard" title="Philipp Lenard">Lenard</a></li> <li>1906: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_John_Thomson" title="Joseph John Thomson">J. J. Thomson</a></li> <li>1907: <a href="/wiki/Albert_A._Michelson" title="Albert A. Michelson">Michelson</a></li> <li>1908: <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Lippmann" title="Gabriel Lippmann">Lippmann</a></li> <li>1909: <a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Marconi" title="Guglielmo Marconi">Marconi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Karl_Ferdinand_Braun" title="Karl Ferdinand Braun">Braun</a></li> <li>1910: <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Diderik_van_der_Waals" title="Johannes Diderik van der Waals">Van der Waals</a></li> <li>1911: <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Wien" title="Wilhelm Wien">Wien</a></li> <li>1912: <a href="/wiki/Gustaf_Dal%C3%A9n" title="Gustaf Dalén">Dalén</a></li> <li>1913: <a href="/wiki/Heike_Kamerlingh_Onnes" title="Heike Kamerlingh Onnes">Kamerlingh Onnes</a></li> <li>1914: <a href="/wiki/Max_von_Laue" title="Max von Laue">Laue</a></li> <li>1915: <a href="/wiki/William_Lawrence_Bragg" title="William Lawrence Bragg">W. L. Bragg</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Bragg" title="William Henry Bragg">W. H. Bragg</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey">1916</span></li> <li>1917: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Glover_Barkla" title="Charles Glover Barkla">Barkla</a></li> <li>1918: <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Planck</a></li> <li>1919: <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Stark" title="Johannes Stark">Stark</a></li> <li>1920: <a href="/wiki/Charles_%C3%89douard_Guillaume" title="Charles Édouard Guillaume">Guillaume</a></li> <li>1921: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Einstein</a></li> <li>1922: <a href="/wiki/Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">N. Bohr</a></li> <li>1923: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Andrews_Millikan" title="Robert Andrews Millikan">Millikan</a></li> <li>1924: <a href="/wiki/Manne_Siegbahn" title="Manne Siegbahn">M. Siegbahn</a></li> <li>1925: <a href="/wiki/James_Franck" title="James Franck">Franck</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Ludwig_Hertz" title="Gustav Ludwig Hertz">Hertz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group">1926–1950</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1926: <a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Perrin" title="Jean Baptiste Perrin">Perrin</a></li> <li>1927: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Compton" title="Arthur Compton">Compton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_Thomson_Rees_Wilson" title="Charles Thomson Rees Wilson">C. Wilson</a></li> <li>1928: <a href="/wiki/Owen_Willans_Richardson" title="Owen Willans Richardson">O. Richardson</a></li> <li>1929: <a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Broglie" title="Louis de Broglie">De Broglie</a></li> <li>1930: <a href="/wiki/C._V._Raman" title="C. V. Raman">Raman</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey">1931</span></li> <li>1932: <a href="/wiki/Werner_Heisenberg" title="Werner Heisenberg">Heisenberg</a></li> <li>1933: <a href="/wiki/Erwin_Schr%C3%B6dinger" title="Erwin Schrödinger">Schrödinger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Dirac" title="Paul Dirac">Dirac</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey">1934</span></li> <li>1935: <a href="/wiki/James_Chadwick" title="James Chadwick">Chadwick</a></li> <li>1936: <a href="/wiki/Victor_Francis_Hess" title="Victor Francis Hess">Hess</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carl_David_Anderson" title="Carl David Anderson">C. D. Anderson</a></li> <li>1937: <a href="/wiki/Clinton_Davisson" title="Clinton Davisson">Davisson</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Paget_Thomson" title="George Paget Thomson">G. P. Thomson</a></li> <li>1938: <a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Fermi</a></li> <li>1939: <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lawrence" title="Ernest Lawrence">Lawrence</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey">1940</span></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey">1941</span></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey">1942</span></li> <li>1943: <a href="/wiki/Otto_Stern" title="Otto Stern">Stern</a></li> <li>1944: <a href="/wiki/Isidor_Isaac_Rabi" title="Isidor Isaac Rabi">Rabi</a></li> <li>1945: <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Pauli" title="Wolfgang Pauli">Pauli</a></li> <li>1946: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Percy_Williams_Bridgman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Percy Williams Bridgman (iáu-boē siá)">Bridgman</a></li> <li>1947: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Victor_Appleton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward Victor Appleton (iáu-boē siá)">Appleton</a></li> <li>1948: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Patrick_Blackett&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patrick Blackett (iáu-boē siá)">Blackett</a></li> <li>1949: <a href="/wiki/Yukawa_Hideki" title="Yukawa Hideki">Yukawa</a></li> <li>1950: <a href="/w/index.php?title=C._F._Powell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C. F. Powell (iáu-boē siá)">Powell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1951: <a href="/wiki/John_Cockcroft" title="John Cockcroft">Cockcroft</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Walton" title="Ernest Walton">Walton</a></li> <li>1952: <a href="/wiki/Felix_Bloch" title="Felix Bloch">Bloch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_Mills_Purcell" title="Edward Mills Purcell">Purcell</a></li> <li>1953: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frits_Zernike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frits Zernike (iáu-boē siá)">Zernike</a></li> <li>1954: <a href="/wiki/Max_Born" title="Max Born">Born</a> / <a href="/wiki/Walther_Bothe" title="Walther Bothe">Bothe</a></li> <li>1955: <a href="/wiki/Willis_Lamb" title="Willis Lamb">Lamb</a> / <a href="/wiki/Polykarp_Kusch" title="Polykarp Kusch">Kusch</a></li> <li>1956: <a href="/wiki/William_Shockley" title="William Shockley">Shockley</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">Bardeen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Walter_Houser_Brattain" title="Walter Houser Brattain">Brattain</a></li> <li>1957: <a href="/wiki/I%C3%BB%E2%81%BF_Ch%C3%ADn-l%C3%AAng" title="Iûⁿ Chín-lêng">C. N. Yang</a> / <a href="/wiki/L%C3%AD_Ch%C3%A8ng-t%C5%8D" title="Lí Chèng-tō">T. D. Lee</a></li> <li>1958: <a href="/wiki/Pavel_Cherenkov" title="Pavel Cherenkov">Cherenkov</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Frank</a> / <a href="/wiki/Igor_Tamm" title="Igor Tamm">Tamm</a></li> <li>1959: <a href="/wiki/Emilio_Segr%C3%A8" title="Emilio Segrè">Segrè</a> / <a href="/wiki/Owen_Chamberlain" title="Owen Chamberlain">Chamberlain</a></li> <li>1960: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Donald_A._Glaser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donald A. Glaser (iáu-boē siá)">Glaser</a></li> <li>1961: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hofstadter" title="Robert Hofstadter">Hofstadter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_M%C3%B6ssbauer" title="Rudolf Mössbauer">Mössbauer</a></li> <li>1962: <a href="/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau">Landau</a></li> <li>1963: <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Wigner" title="Eugene Wigner">Wigner</a> / <a href="/wiki/Maria_Goeppert_Mayer" title="Maria Goeppert Mayer">Goeppert Mayer</a> / <a href="/wiki/J._Hans_D._Jensen" title="J. Hans D. Jensen">Jensen</a></li> <li>1964: <a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Townes" title="Charles H. Townes">Townes</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Basov" title="Nikolay Basov">Basov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Prokhorov" title="Alexander Prokhorov">Prokhorov</a></li> <li>1965: <a href="/wiki/Tomonaga_Sin%27itir%C3%B4" title="Tomonaga Sin'itirô">Tomonaga</a> / <a href="/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger">Schwinger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Feynman" title="Richard Feynman">Feynman</a></li> <li>1966: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Kastler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfred Kastler (iáu-boē siá)">Kastler</a></li> <li>1967: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Bethe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Bethe (iáu-boē siá)">Bethe</a></li> <li>1968: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luis_Walter_Alvarez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luis Walter Alvarez (iáu-boē siá)">Alvarez</a></li> <li>1969: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Murray_Gell-Mann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murray Gell-Mann (iáu-boē siá)">Gell-Mann</a></li> <li>1970: <a href="/wiki/Hannes_Alfv%C3%A9n" title="Hannes Alfvén">Alfvén</a> / <a href="/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel">Néel</a></li> <li>1971: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dennis_Gabor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dennis Gabor (iáu-boē siá)">Gabor</a></li> <li>1972: <a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">Bardeen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leon_Cooper" title="Leon Cooper">Cooper</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Robert_Schrieffer" title="John Robert Schrieffer">Schrieffer</a></li> <li>1973: <a href="/wiki/Esaki_Reona" title="Esaki Reona">Esaki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ivar_Giaever" title="Ivar Giaever">Giaever</a> / <a href="/wiki/Brian_Josephson" title="Brian Josephson">Josephson</a></li> <li>1974: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Ryle" title="Martin Ryle">Ryle</a> / <a href="/wiki/Antony_Hewish" title="Antony Hewish">Hewish</a></li> <li>1975: <a href="/wiki/Aage_Bohr" title="Aage Bohr">A. Bohr</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ben_Roy_Mottelson" title="Ben Roy Mottelson">Mottelson</a> / <a href="/wiki/James_Rainwater" title="James Rainwater">Rainwater</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1976: <a href="/wiki/Burton_Richter" title="Burton Richter">Richter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Samuel_C._C._Ting" title="Samuel C. C. Ting">Ting</a></li> <li>1977: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Philip_W._Anderson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philip W. Anderson (iáu-boē siá)">P. W. Anderson</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nevill_Francis_Mott&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nevill Francis Mott (iáu-boē siá)">Mott</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Hasbrouck_Van_Vleck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Hasbrouck Van Vleck (iáu-boē siá)">Van Vleck</a></li> <li>1978: <a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Kapitsa" title="Pyotr Kapitsa">Kapitsa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias">Penzias</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Woodrow_Wilson" title="Robert Woodrow Wilson">R. Wilson</a></li> <li>1979: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sheldon_Glashow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sheldon Glashow (iáu-boē siá)">Glashow</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Salam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdus Salam (iáu-boē siá)">Salam</a> / <a href="/wiki/Steven_Weinberg" title="Steven Weinberg">Weinberg</a></li> <li>1980: <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Cronin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Cronin (iáu-boē siá)">Cronin</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Val_Logsdon_Fitch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Val Logsdon Fitch (iáu-boē siá)">Fitch</a></li> <li>1981: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolaas_Bloembergen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolaas Bloembergen (iáu-boē siá)">Bloembergen</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow (iáu-boē siá)">Schawlow</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kai_Siegbahn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kai Siegbahn (iáu-boē siá)">K. Siegbahn</a></li> <li>1982: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kenneth_G._Wilson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kenneth G. Wilson (iáu-boē siá)">K. Wilson</a></li> <li>1983: <a href="/wiki/Subrahmanyan_Chandrasekhar" title="Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar">Chandrasekhar</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Alfred_Fowler" title="William Alfred Fowler">Fowler</a></li> <li>1984: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Rubbia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carlo Rubbia (iáu-boē siá)">Rubbia</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simon_van_der_Meer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simon van der Meer (iáu-boē siá)">Van der Meer</a></li> <li>1985: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_von_Klitzing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus von Klitzing (iáu-boē siá)">von Klitzing</a></li> <li>1986: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Ruska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernst Ruska (iáu-boē siá)">Ruska</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerd_Binnig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerd Binnig (iáu-boē siá)">Binnig</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinrich_Rohrer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinrich Rohrer (iáu-boē siá)">Rohrer</a></li> <li>1987: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_Bednorz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg Bednorz (iáu-boē siá)">Bednorz</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=K._Alex_M%C3%BCller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="K. Alex Müller (iáu-boē siá)">Müller</a></li> <li>1988: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leon_M._Lederman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leon M. Lederman (iáu-boē siá)">Lederman</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Melvin_Schwartz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Melvin Schwartz (iáu-boē siá)">Schwartz</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_Steinberger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jack Steinberger (iáu-boē siá)">Steinberger</a></li> <li>1989: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Norman_Foster_Ramsey_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norman Foster Ramsey Jr. (iáu-boē siá)">Ramsey</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Georg_Dehmelt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Georg Dehmelt (iáu-boē siá)">Dehmelt</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Paul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Paul (iáu-boē siá)">Paul</a></li> <li>1990: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerome_Isaac_Friedman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jerome Isaac Friedman (iáu-boē siá)">Friedman</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Way_Kendall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry Way Kendall (iáu-boē siá)">Kendall</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_E._Taylor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard E. Taylor (iáu-boē siá)">R. Taylor</a></li> <li>1991: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre-Gilles_de_Gennes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre-Gilles de Gennes (iáu-boē siá)">de Gennes</a></li> <li>1992: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Georges_Charpak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georges Charpak (iáu-boē siá)">Charpak</a></li> <li>1993: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Russell_Alan_Hulse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Russell Alan Hulse (iáu-boē siá)">Hulse</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Hooton_Taylor_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr. (iáu-boē siá)">J. Taylor</a></li> <li>1994: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bertram_Brockhouse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bertram Brockhouse (iáu-boē siá)">Brockhouse</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Clifford_Shull&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clifford Shull (iáu-boē siá)">Shull</a></li> <li>1995: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Lewis_Perl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Lewis Perl (iáu-boē siá)">Perl</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Reines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frederick Reines (iáu-boē siá)">Reines</a></li> <li>1996: <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Morris_Lee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Morris Lee (iáu-boē siá)">D. Lee</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Douglas_Osheroff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Douglas Osheroff (iáu-boē siá)">Osheroff</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Coleman_Richardson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Coleman Richardson (iáu-boē siá)">R. Richardson</a></li> <li>1997: <a href="/wiki/Steven_Chu" title="Steven Chu">Chu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Claude_Cohen-Tannoudji" title="Claude Cohen-Tannoudji">Cohen-Tannoudji</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Daniel_Phillips" title="William Daniel Phillips">Phillips</a></li> <li>1998: <a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Laughlin" title="Robert B. Laughlin">Laughlin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Horst_Ludwig_St%C3%B6rmer" title="Horst Ludwig Störmer">Störmer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Daniel_C._Tsui" title="Daniel C. Tsui">Tsui</a></li> <li>1999: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerard_%27t_Hooft&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerard 't Hooft (iáu-boē siá)">'t Hooft</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Martinus_J._G._Veltman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martinus J. G. Veltman (iáu-boē siá)">Veltman</a></li> <li>2000: <a href="/wiki/Zhores_Alferov" title="Zhores Alferov">Alferov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Kroemer" title="Herbert Kroemer">Kroemer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jack_Kilby" title="Jack Kilby">Kilby</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group">2001–taⁿ</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>2001: <a href="/wiki/Eric_Allin_Cornell" title="Eric Allin Cornell">Cornell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Ketterle" title="Wolfgang Ketterle">Ketterle</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carl_Wieman" title="Carl Wieman">Wieman</a></li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Davis_Jr." title="Raymond Davis Jr.">Davis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kosiba_Masatosi" title="Kosiba Masatosi">Kosiba</a> / <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Giacconi" title="Riccardo Giacconi">Giacconi</a></li> <li>2003: <a href="/wiki/Alexei_Abrikosov" title="Alexei Abrikosov">Abrikosov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vitaly_Ginzburg" title="Vitaly Ginzburg">Ginzburg</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anthony_James_Leggett" title="Anthony James Leggett">Leggett</a></li> <li>2004: <a href="/wiki/David_Gross" title="David Gross">Gross</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hugh_David_Politzer" title="Hugh David Politzer">Politzer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek">Wilczek</a></li> <li>2005: <a href="/wiki/Roy_J._Glauber" title="Roy J. Glauber">Glauber</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_L._Hall" title="John L. Hall">Hall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Theodor_W._H%C3%A4nsch" title="Theodor W. Hänsch">Hänsch</a></li> <li>2006: <a href="/wiki/John_C._Mather" title="John C. Mather">Mather</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Smoot" title="George Smoot">Smoot</a></li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Fert" title="Albert Fert">Fert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Gr%C3%BCnberg" title="Peter Grünberg">Grünberg</a></li> <li>2008: <a href="/wiki/Yoichiro_Nambu" title="Yoichiro Nambu">Nambu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kobayasi_Makoto" title="Kobayasi Makoto">Kobayasi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Masukawa_Tosihide" title="Masukawa Tosihide">Maskawa</a></li> <li>2009: <a href="/wiki/Charles_K._Kao" title="Charles K. Kao">Kao</a> / <a href="/wiki/Willard_Boyle" title="Willard Boyle">Boyle</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_E._Smith" title="George E. Smith">Smith</a></li> <li>2010: <a href="/wiki/Andre_Geim" title="Andre Geim">Geim</a> / <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Novoselov" title="Konstantin Novoselov">Novoselov</a></li> <li>2011: <a href="/wiki/Saul_Perlmutter" title="Saul Perlmutter">Perlmutter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Brian_Schmidt" title="Brian Schmidt">Schmidt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Adam_Riess" title="Adam Riess">Riess</a></li> <li>2012: <a href="/wiki/David_J._Wineland" title="David J. Wineland">Wineland</a> / <a href="/wiki/Serge_Haroche" title="Serge Haroche">Haroche</a></li> <li>2013: <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Englert" title="François Englert">Englert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Higgs" title="Peter Higgs">Higgs</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/wiki/Akasaki_Isamu" title="Akasaki Isamu">Akasaki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Amano_Hirosi" title="Amano Hirosi">Amano</a> / <a href="/wiki/Shuji_Nakamura" title="Shuji Nakamura">Nakamura</a></li> <li>2015: <a href="/wiki/Kazita_Takaaki" title="Kazita Takaaki">Kazita</a> / <a href="/wiki/Arthur_B._McDonald" title="Arthur B. McDonald">McDonald</a></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/David_J._Thouless" title="David J. Thouless">Thouless</a> / <a href="/wiki/Duncan_Haldane" title="Duncan Haldane">Haldane</a> / <a href="/wiki/J._Michael_Kosterlitz" title="J. Michael Kosterlitz">Kosterlitz</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/Rainer_Weiss" title="Rainer Weiss">Weiss</a> / <a href="/wiki/Barry_Barish" title="Barry Barish">Barish</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kip_Thorne" title="Kip Thorne">Thorne</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ashkin" title="Arthur Ashkin">Ashkin</a> / <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Mourou" title="Gérard Mourou">Mourou</a> / <a href="/wiki/Donna_Strickland" title="Donna Strickland">Strickland</a></li> <li>2019: <a href="/wiki/Jim_Peebles" title="Jim Peebles">Peebles</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor">Mayor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Didier_Queloz" title="Didier Queloz">Queloz</a></li> <li>2020: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Penrose" title="Roger Penrose">Penrose</a> / <a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Genzel" title="Reinhard Genzel">Genzel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez">Ghez</a></li> <li>2021: <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Parisi" title="Giorgio Parisi">Parisi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Klaus_Hasselmann" title="Klaus Hasselmann">Hasselmann</a> / <a href="/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe">Manabe</a></li> <li>2022: <a href="/wiki/Alain_Aspect" title="Alain Aspect">Aspect</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Clauser" title="John Clauser">Clauser</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anton_Zeilinger" title="Anton Zeilinger">Zeilinger</a></li> <li>2023: <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Agostini" title="Pierre Agostini">Agostini</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ferenc_Krausz" title="Ferenc Krausz">Krausz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anne_L%27Huillier" title="Anne L'Huillier">L'Huillier</a></li> <li>2024: <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Hopfield&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Hopfield (iáu-boē siá)">Hopfield</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geoffrey_Hinton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geoffrey Hinton (iáu-boē siá)">Hinton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Pang-ch%C4%81n:S%C3%ACn-k%C3%B9_kh%C3%B2ng-ch%C3%A8" title="Pang-chān:Sìn-kù khòng-chè">Sìn-kù khòng-chè</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/28183448">WorldCat Identities</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/28183448">28183448</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n80096634">n80096634</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000114697687">0000 0001 1469 7687</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Integrated_Authority_File&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Integrated Authority File (iáu-boē siá)">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/130651648">130651648</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathematics_Genealogy_Project&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mathematics Genealogy Project (iáu-boē siá)">MGP</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.genealogy.ams.org/id.php?id=105812">105812</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Library of the Czech Republic (iáu-boē siá)">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=hka2016897632&CON_LNG=ENG">hka2016897632</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España (iáu-boē siá)">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1085235">XX1085235</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/CiNii" title="CiNii">CiNii</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA09452599?l=en">DA09452599</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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