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Available in 9 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-9" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">9 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AB%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%82_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7" title="بعثة الأمم المتحدة للتحقق في غواتيمالا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بعثة الأمم المتحدة للتحقق في غواتيمالا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missi%C3%B3_de_Verificaci%C3%B3_de_les_Nacions_Unides_a_Guatemala" title="Missió de Verificació de les Nacions Unides a Guatemala – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Missió de Verificació de les Nacions Unides a Guatemala" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verifikationsmission_der_Vereinten_Nationen_in_Guatemala" title="Verifikationsmission der Vereinten Nationen in Guatemala – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Verifikationsmission der Vereinten Nationen in Guatemala" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mission_de_v%C3%A9rification_des_Nations_Unies_au_Guatemala" title="Mission de vérification des Nations Unies au Guatemala – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mission de vérification des Nations Unies au Guatemala" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/MINUGUA" title="MINUGUA – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="MINUGUA" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/MINUGUA" title="MINUGUA – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="MINUGUA" 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href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miss%C3%A3o_de_Verifica%C3%A7%C3%A3o_das_Na%C3%A7%C3%B5es_Unidas_na_Guatemala" title="Missão de Verificação das Nações Unidas na Guatemala – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Missão de Verificação das Nações Unidas na Guatemala" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q948535#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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There might be a discussion about this on <a href="/wiki/Talk:MINUGUA" title="Talk:MINUGUA">the talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2009</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">United Nations Verification Mission in Guatemala</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_United_Nations.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Emblem_of_the_United_Nations.svg/120px-Emblem_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Emblem_of_the_United_Nations.svg/180px-Emblem_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Emblem_of_the_United_Nations.svg/240px-Emblem_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="436" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">MINUGUA</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data note">20 January 1997</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Dissolved</th><td class="infobox-data">27 May 1997</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Mission</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Legal status</th><td class="infobox-data">Completed</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Head</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Arnault" title="Jean Arnault">Jean Arnault</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Parent organization</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">United Nations Security Council</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.un.org/Depts/dpko/dpko/co_mission/minugua.htm">https://www.un.org/Depts/dpko/dpko/co_mission/minugua.htm</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>MINUGUA</b> (United Nations Verification Mission in Guatemala) was a <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> humanitarian mission in <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a> that involved, at the most critical point in the peace process, a three-month peacekeeping mission.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The original name of this operation was <b>United Nations Mission for the Verification of Human Rights and of Compliance with the Comprehensive Agreement on Human Rights in Guatemala</b>. It was changed to <b>United Nations Verification Mission in Guatemala</b> when peacekeepers were deployed. </p><p>The aim of the operation was to conclude the 36-year <a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_Civil_War" title="Guatemalan Civil War">Civil War</a> which had ravaged the country. It was the international community's response to the decision by both government and guerrillas to return to the negotiating table in 1994 and the subsequent signing of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Comprehensive_Agreement_on_Human_Rights&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Comprehensive Agreement on Human Rights (page does not exist)">Comprehensive Agreement on Human Rights</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on 29 March 1994, one of several documents adopted in the run-up to the final peace agreement. </p><p>In 1994, the Government of Guatemala and the Unidad Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteca (URNG) agreed to resume negotiations to end the longest conflict in Latin America. In September 1994, the General Assembly decided to establish a Human Rights Verification Mission in Guatemala acting on a recommendation by the Secretary-General that such a mission could make a contribution to a persisting pattern of human rights abuse. A series of agreements had earlier been concluded covering a wide range of problems in Guatemalan society: </p> <ul><li>Comprehensive Agreement on Human Rights (March 1994)</li> <li>Agreement on a Timetable for the Negotiation of a Firm and Lasting Peace (March 1994)</li> <li>Agreement on Resettlement of the Population Groups Uprooted by the Armed Conflict (June 1994)</li> <li>Agreement on the Establishment of the Commission to Clarify Past Human Rights Violations and Acts of Violence (June 1994)</li></ul> <p>Since November 1994, MINUGUA carried out verification activities and institution-building throughout the country. More than 250 human rights monitors, legal experts, indigenous specialists and police were posted throughout Guatemala, including in its remotest areas. Their presence and verification activities have focused public attention on human rights and the related problem of impunity, reinforcing the declining trend in political violence. </p><p>In 1996, measures aimed at democratic change were consolidated. They included a broad appeal for participation in presidential elections and the unilateral cessation of hostilities by the URNG during the two rounds of elections, the URNG's offer to cease offensive military action in March, followed by a similar commitment from the Government. The year 1996 also saw the conclusion of agreements on Social and Economic Aspects and Agrarian Situation (May 1996) and the Strengthening of Civilian Power and the Role of the Army (September 1996). An earlier agreement covered the identity and rights of indigenous persons (March 1995). In December 1996, the Guatemalan Government and the URNG reached an agreement on the details of a cease-fire, on constitutional and electoral reforms, and the reintegration of the URNG into Guatemala's political life, which was followed by a final peace accord, the Agreement on a Firm and Lasting Peace, signed on 29 December 1996. MINUGUA had already been involved in verification of the Comprehensive Agreement on Human Rights and the human rights aspects of the Agreement on Identity and Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Upon conclusion of the Agreement on a Firm and Lasting Peace, all other agreements entered into force. </p><p>By adopting resolution 1094 (1997) on efforts towards peace in Central America, the Security Council authorized on 20 January 1997 the attachment of a group of 155 military observers and requisite medical personnel to MINUGUA for a three-month period, operational as of 3 March 1997. The task of the observer group were verification of the agreement on the definitive ceasefire. While retaining its acronym MINUGUA, the peacekeeping mission's name was changed to United Nations Verification Mission in Guatemala as of 1 April 1997 in order to reflect the new mandate. In a Presidential Statement of 5 March 1997 (S/PRST/1997/9), the Council welcomed the deployment on 3 March 1997 of the group of United Nations military observers attached to the United Nations Mission for the Verification of Human Rights and of Compliance with the Commitments of the Comprehensive Agreement on Human Rights in Guatemala (MINUGUA) for the purposes of verification of the Oslo ceasefire agreement and reaffirmed its full support for the peace process in Guatemala. </p><p>The Secretary-General reported to the Security Council on 4 June 1997 on the group of military observers attached to MINUGUA (S/1997/432), stating that of the 155 authorized personnel, 132 military observers from Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Ecuador, Norway, the Russian Federation, Spain, Sweden, Ukraine, the United States of America, Uruguay and Venezuela were deployed to the Mission area. In addition, 13 medical personnel from Austria, Germany and Singapore served in the mission. </p><p>The 1996 Oslo Agreement provided for the formal ceasefire to enter into force as of 00:00 hours on D-day, on which date the United Nations military observer group as the verification authority was ready to assume its responsibilities. On 13 February 1997, the Secretary-General informed the Security Council (S/1997/123) that the operation it had mandated could begin on 3 March 1997, following completion of the preparatory work for the deployment of the group and the establishment of the URNG assembly points. Until then, the parties maintained the informal ceasefire that they had observed since 19 March 1996. On day D-15 (16 February 1997), URNG provided information on 3,570 personnel to be demobilized. It also provided an inventory of the weapons, explosives and mines in its possession and information on the location of remaining minefields. The Guatemalan Army, for its part, provided the requisite list of units that were to be redeployed to their bases. On D-10 (21 February 1997), members of the military observer group were deployed to the six verification centres (Finca Sacol, Finca Claudia, Finca Las Abejas, Tululché, Tzalbal and Mayalán) responsible for monitoring the eight URNG assembly points. In addition, two sector headquarters and a main headquarters were set up to provide command and control. </p><p>The separation of forces between the Guatemalan Army and URNG was carried out through the establishment of two concentric areas around each URNG assembly point. Army units were not permitted to enter an inner 6-kilometre-wide "security zone" and police units could only do so after coordinating their movements with the military observer group. As Army units left the security zones, URNG troops moved to the assembly points according to a plan presented to the military observer group on D+2 (5 March 1997). As envisaged by the Agreement, two United Nations military observers were attached to each of the Guatemalan Army units subject to verification. As former combatants concentrated in the assembly points, their weapons, munitions, explosives, mines and related military equipment were registered and handed over to the United Nations military observers for storage in special containers and explosive dumps. </p><p>Although demining was not foreseen in the Agreement, URNG helped to identify and clear all its minefields, in particular that located on the Tajumulco Volcan. By 18 April 1997, 378 mines and explosive devices had been lifted and destroyed. 2,928 URNG rebels were demobilized, and a total of 535,102 weapons and rounds of ammunition were handed over to the United Nations military observer group by URNG. On 14 May 1997, URNG weapons, munitions and equipment, as well as the lists of destroyed explosive devices, were delivered to the Ministry of the Interior of Guatemala. The corresponding handover certificate was signed by the Government of Guatemala, and by the UN Chief Military Observer This last act signalled the completion of the mandate of the military observer group. Repatriation of the members of the United Nations military observer group began on 17 May 1997. A rear party remained at headquarters in the capital until 27 May, when the last United Nations military observers departed Guatemala. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MINUGUA&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/Depts/DPKO/Missions/minugua.htm">United Nations Verification Mission in Guatemala</a> (Department of Peacekeeping Operations)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/234426?ln=en">Report of the Secretary-General on the Group of Military Observers attached to MINUGUA</a> 4 June 1997</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100228180057/http://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/missions/past/minuguamandate.html">"MINUGUA - Mandate"</a>. <i>www.un.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/missions/past/minuguamandate.html">the original</a> on 2010-02-28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.un.org&rft.atitle=MINUGUA+-+Mandate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fen%2Fpeacekeeping%2Fmissions%2Fpast%2Fminuguamandate.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMINUGUA" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070914124828/http://www.usip.org/library/pa/guatemala/guat_hr_940329.html">"Comprehensive Agreement on Human Rights: Guatemala: Peace Agreements: Library and Links: U.S. Institute of Peace"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usip.org/library/pa/guatemala/guat_hr_940329.html">the original</a> on 2007-09-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-09-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Comprehensive+Agreement+on+Human+Rights%3A+Guatemala%3A+Peace+Agreements%3A+Library+and+Links%3A+U.S.+Institute+of+Peace&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usip.org%2Flibrary%2Fpa%2Fguatemala%2Fguat_hr_940329.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMINUGUA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" 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aria-labelledby="23px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_United_Nations_peacekeeping_operations705" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:UN_Peacekeeping_Operations" title="Template:UN Peacekeeping Operations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:UN_Peacekeeping_Operations" title="Template talk:UN Peacekeeping Operations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:UN_Peacekeeping_Operations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:UN Peacekeeping Operations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_United_Nations_peacekeeping_operations705" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_peacekeeping" title="United Nations peacekeeping">peacekeeping operations</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current missions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_for_the_Referendum_in_Western_Sahara" title="United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara">MINURSO</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Organization_Stabilization_Mission_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">MONUSCO</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Interim_Security_Force_for_Abyei" title="United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei">UNISFA</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_South_Sudan" title="United Nations Mission in South Sudan">UNMISS</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Multidimensional_Integrated_Stabilization_Mission_in_the_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic">MINUSCA</a> (2014)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Inactive</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia & Pacific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Military_Observer_Group_in_India_and_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan">UNMOGIP</a> (1949)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Peacekeeping_Force_in_Cyprus" title="United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus">UNFICYP</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Interim_Administration_Mission_in_Kosovo" title="United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo">UNMIK</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">WestAsia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Truce_Supervision_Organization" title="United Nations Truce Supervision Organization">UNTSO</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Disengagement_Observer_Force" title="United Nations Disengagement Observer Force">UNDOF</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Interim_Force_in_Lebanon" title="United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon">UNIFIL</a> (1978)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Past missions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Operation_in_the_Congo" title="United Nations Operation in the Congo">ONUC</a> (1960–1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Transition_Assistance_Group" title="United Nations Transition Assistance Group">UNTAG</a> (1989–1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Angola_Verification_Mission_I" title="United Nations Angola Verification Mission I">UNAVEM I</a> (1989–1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Angola_Verification_Mission_II" title="United Nations Angola Verification Mission II">UNAVEM II</a> (1991–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Operation_in_Somalia_I" title="United Nations Operation in Somalia I">UNOSOM I</a> (1992–1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Operation_in_Mozambique" title="United Nations Operation in Mozambique">ONUMOZ</a> (1992–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Operation_in_Somalia_II" title="United Nations Operation in Somalia II">UNOSOM II</a> (1993–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Observer_Mission_Uganda-Rwanda" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda">UNOMUR</a> (1993–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Observer_Mission_in_Liberia" title="United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia">UNOMIL</a> (1993–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Assistance_Mission_for_Rwanda" title="United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda">UNAMIR</a> (1993–1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Aouzou_Strip_Observer_Group" title="United Nations Aouzou Strip Observer Group">UNASOG</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Angola_Verification_Mission_III" title="United Nations Angola Verification Mission III">UNAVEM III</a> (1995–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Observer_Mission_in_Angola" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Observer Mission in Angola">MONUA</a> (1997–1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic">MINURCA</a> (1998–2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Observer_Mission_in_Sierra_Leone" title="United Nations Observer Mission in Sierra Leone">UNOMSIL</a> (1998–1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_Sierra_Leone" title="United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone">UNAMSIL</a> (1999–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Organization_Mission_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">MONUC</a> (1999–2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_Ethiopia_and_Eritrea" title="United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea">UNMEE</a> (2000–2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire" title="United Nations Mission in Côte d'Ivoire">MINUCI</a> (2003–2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_Liberia" title="United Nations Mission in Liberia">UNMIL</a> (2003–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Operation_in_C%C3%B4te_d%E2%80%99Ivoire" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Operation in Côte d’Ivoire">UNOCI</a> (2004–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Operation_in_Burundi" title="United Nations Operation in Burundi">ONUB</a> (2004–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_the_Sudan" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Mission in the Sudan">UNMIS</a> (2005–2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_the_Central_African_Republic_and_Chad" title="United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad">MINURCAT</a> (2007–2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union-United_Nations_Hybrid_Operation_in_Darfur" class="mw-redirect" title="African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur">UNAMID</a> (2007–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Multidimensional_Integrated_Stabilization_Mission_in_Mali" title="United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali">MINUSMA</a> (2013–2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Integrated_Transition_Assistance_Mission_in_Sudan" title="United Nations Integrated Transition Assistance Mission in Sudan">UNITAMS</a> (2020-2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DOMREP" title="DOMREP">DOMREP</a> (1965–1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ONUCA" title="ONUCA">ONUCA</a> (1989–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ONUSAL" title="ONUSAL">ONUSAL</a> (1991–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_Haiti" title="United Nations Mission in Haiti">UNMIH</a> (1993–1996)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Nations_Support_Mission_in_Haiti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Nations Support Mission in Haiti (page does not exist)">UNSMIH</a> (1996–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Verification_Mission_in_Guatemala" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Verification Mission in Guatemala">MINUGUA</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Nations_Transition_Mission_in_Haiti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Nations Transition Mission in Haiti (page does not exist)">UNTMIH</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Nations_Civilian_Police_Mission_in_Haiti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Nations Civilian Police Mission in Haiti (page does not exist)">MIPONUH</a> (1997–2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Stabilization_Mission_in_Haiti" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti">MINUSTAH</a> (2004–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_for_Justice_Support_in_Haiti" title="United Nations Mission for Justice Support in Haiti">MINUJUSTH</a> (2017–2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia & Pacific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Temporary_Executive_Authority" title="United Nations Temporary Executive Authority">UNSF</a> (1962–1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_India-Pakistan_Observation_Mission" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations India-Pakistan Observation Mission">UNIPOM</a> (1965–1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Good_Offices_Mission_in_Afghanistan_and_Pakistan" title="United Nations Good Offices Mission in Afghanistan and Pakistan">UNGOMAP</a> (1988–1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Advance_Mission_in_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Advance Mission in Cambodia">UNAMIC</a> (1991–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Transitional_Authority_in_Cambodia" title="United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia">UNTAC</a> (1992–1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_of_Observers_in_Tajikistan" title="United Nations Mission of Observers in Tajikistan">UNMOT</a> (1994–2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_of_Support_to_East_Timor" title="United Nations Mission of Support to East Timor">UNMISET</a> (2002–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Integrated_Mission_in_East_Timor" title="United Nations Integrated Mission in East Timor">UNMIT</a> (2006–2012)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Protection_Force" title="United Nations Protection Force">UNPROFOR</a> (1992–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Observer_Mission_in_Georgia" title="United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia">UNOMIG</a> (1993–2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Confidence_Restoration_Operation_in_Croatia" title="United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation in Croatia">UNCRO</a> (1995–1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Preventive_Deployment_Force" title="United Nations Preventive Deployment Force">UNPREDEP</a> (1995–1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="United Nations Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina">UNMIBH</a> (1995–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Transitional_Administration_for_Eastern_Slavonia,_Baranja_and_Western_Sirmium" title="United Nations Transitional Administration for Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Sirmium">UNTAES</a> (1996–1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_of_Observers_in_Prevlaka" title="United Nations Mission of Observers in Prevlaka">UNMOP</a> (1996–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Civilian_Police_Support_Group" title="United Nations Civilian Police Support Group">UNCPSG</a> (1996–2002)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">WestAsia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_United_Nations_Emergency_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="First United Nations Emergency Force">UNEF I</a> (1956–1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Observation_Group_in_Lebanon" title="United Nations Observation Group in Lebanon">UNOGIL</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Yemen_Observation_Mission" title="United Nations Yemen Observation Mission">UNYOM</a> (1963–1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_United_Nations_Emergency_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Second United Nations Emergency Force">UNEF II</a> (1973–1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Iran-Iraq_Military_Observer_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group">UNIIMOG</a> (1988–1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Iraq-Kuwait_Observation_Mission" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission">UNIKOM</a> (1991–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Supervision_Mission_in_Syria" title="United Nations Supervision Mission in Syria">UNSMIS</a> (2012)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_United_Nations_peacekeeping" title="History of United Nations peacekeeping">History of UN peacekeeping</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Nations_peacekeeping_missions" title="List of United Nations peacekeeping missions">Missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_United_Nations_peacekeeping_missions" title="Timeline of United Nations peacekeeping missions">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_peacekeeping" title="Canadian peacekeeping">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_American_involvement_in_international_peacekeeping" title="Latin American involvement in international peacekeeping">Latin American</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Department_of_Peace_Operations" title="United Nations Department of Peace Operations">United Nations Department of Peace Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Medal" title="United Nations Medal">United Nations Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Military_Observer" title="United Nations Military Observer">United Nations Military Observer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Police" title="United Nations Police">United Nations Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_peacekeeping" title="Women in peacekeeping">Women in peacekeeping</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" 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