CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Siege of Kolberg (Seven Years' War) - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"4f49ec3e-00e2-41ba-a9f3-0c9fd320140b","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years'_War)","wgTitle":"Siege of Kolberg (Seven Years' War)","wgCurRevisionId":1213502585,"wgRevisionId":1213502585,"wgArticleId":12023598,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["All articles with vague or ambiguous time","Vague or ambiguous time from September 2023","Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","CS1 German-language sources (de)","CS1: long volume value","CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)","Coordinates on Wikidata","Battles involving Prussia","Sieges of the Seven Years' War","Sieges involving Sweden","Sieges involving Prussia", "Battles of the Silesian Wars"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years'_War)","wgRelevantArticleId":12023598,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":54.183333,"lon":15.583333},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage", "wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q2639377","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=[ "ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Siege of Kolberg (Seven Years' War) - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Siege_of_Kolberg_Seven_Years_War rootpage-Siege_of_Kolberg_Seven_Years_War skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Siege+of+Kolberg+%28Seven+Years%27+War%29" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Siege+of+Kolberg+%28Seven+Years%27+War%29" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Siege+of+Kolberg+%28Seven+Years%27+War%29" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Siege+of+Kolberg+%28Seven+Years%27+War%29" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-First_siege_(1758)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_siege_(1758)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>First siege (1758)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_siege_(1758)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_siege_(1760)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_siege_(1760)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Second siege (1760)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_siege_(1760)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Third_siege_(1761)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Third_siege_(1761)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Third siege (1761)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Third_siege_(1761)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Aftermath</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sources-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Sources subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Siege of Kolberg (Seven Years' War)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 13 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko%C5%82obrzeg#Geschichte" title="Kołobrzeg – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kołobrzeg" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitio_de_Kolberg_(Guerra_de_los_Siete_A%C3%B1os)" title="Sitio de Kolberg (Guerra de los Siete Años) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sitio de Kolberg (Guerra de los Siete Años)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C3%A8ges_de_Kolberg" title="Sièges de Kolberg – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sièges de Kolberg" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assedio_di_Kolberg_(1758-1761)" title="Assedio di Kolberg (1758-1761) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Assedio di Kolberg (1758-1761)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%AB%E3%83%99%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AF%E5%8C%85%E5%9B%B2%E6%88%A6_(%E4%B8%83%E5%B9%B4%E6%88%A6%E4%BA%89)" title="コルベルク包囲戦 (七年戦争) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="コルベルク包囲戦 (七年戦争)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beleiringene_av_Kolberg" title="Beleiringene av Kolberg – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Beleiringene av Kolberg" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omleiringa_av_Kolberg" title="Omleiringa av Kolberg – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Omleiringa av Kolberg" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obl%C4%99%C5%BCenia_Ko%C5%82obrzegu_(XVIII_wiek)" title="Oblężenia Kołobrzegu (XVIII wiek) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Oblężenia Kołobrzegu (XVIII wiek)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerco_de_Kolberg_(Guerra_dos_Sete_Anos)" title="Cerco de Kolberg (Guerra dos Sete Anos) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cerco de Kolberg (Guerra dos Sete Anos)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Осада Кольберга – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Осада Кольберга" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bel%C3%A4gringen_av_Kolberg_(sju%C3%A5rskriget)" title="Belägringen av Kolberg (sjuårskriget) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Belägringen av Kolberg (sjuårskriget)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cu%E1%BB%99c_v%C3%A2y_h%C3%A3m_Kolberg_(Chi%E1%BA%BFn_tranh_B%E1%BA%A3y_n%C4%83m)" title="Cuộc vây hãm Kolberg (Chiến tranh Bảy năm) – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cuộc vây hãm Kolberg (Chiến tranh Bảy năm)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%B0%94%E8%B4%9D%E6%A0%BC%E6%88%98%E5%BD%B9_(%E4%B8%83%E5%B9%B4%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89)" title="科尔贝格战役 (七年战争) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="科尔贝格战役 (七年战争)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2639377#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&oldid=1213502585" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Siege_of_Kolberg_%28Seven_Years%27_War%29&id=1213502585&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSiege_of_Kolberg_%28Seven_Years%2527_War%29"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSiege_of_Kolberg_%28Seven_Years%2527_War%29"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Siege_of_Kolberg_%28Seven_Years%27_War%29&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Siege_of_Kolberg_(1761)" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2639377" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&params=54.183333_N_15.583333_E_type:event"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">54°11′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">15°35′00″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">54.183333°N 15.583333°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">54.183333; 15.583333</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1758-61 Russian offensive during the Seven Years' War</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the 1750s and 1760s sieges. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kolberg_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Battle of Kolberg (disambiguation)">Battle of Kolberg (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Seven_Years&#039;_War:European_theatre" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Seven_Years%27_War:_European" title="Template:Campaignbox Seven Years' War: European"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Seven_Years%27_War:_European" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Seven Years' War: European"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Seven_Years%27_War:_European" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Seven Years' War: European"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Seven_Years&#039;_War:European_theatre" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War"><span class="wrap">Seven Years' War</span></a>:<br />European theatre</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Bohemia and Moravia</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lobositz" title="Battle of Lobositz">Lobositz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Reichenberg" title="Battle of Reichenberg">Reichenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Alt-Bunzlau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Alt-Bunzlau (page does not exist)">Alt-Bunzlau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Prague_(1757)" title="Battle of Prague (1757)">Prague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Prague" title="Siege of Prague">Siege of Prague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kol%C3%ADn" title="Battle of Kolín">Kolín</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Gabel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Gabel (page does not exist)">Gabel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Holitz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Holitz (page does not exist)">Holitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Domstadtl" title="Battle of Domstadtl">Domstadtl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Olomouc" title="Siege of Olomouc">Olomouc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Peterswalde" title="Battle of Peterswalde">Prussian Bohemia Incursion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Teplitz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Teplitz (page does not exist)">Teplitz</a></li></ul> <p><b>Westphalia, Hesse and Lower Saxony</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Geldern" title="Siege of Geldern">Geldern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hastenbeck" title="Battle of Hastenbeck">Hastenbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rheinberg" title="Battle of Rheinberg">Rheinberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Krefeld" title="Battle of Krefeld">Krefeld</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Sandershausen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Sandershausen (page does not exist)">Sandershausen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Meer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Meer (page does not exist)">Meer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lutterberg_(1758)" title="Battle of Lutterberg (1758)">Lutterberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bergen_(1759)" title="Battle of Bergen (1759)">Bergen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_M%C3%BCnster_(1759)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Münster (1759) (page does not exist)">1st Münster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Minden" title="Battle of Minden">Minden</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Fulda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Fulda (page does not exist)">Fulda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Second_Siege_of_M%C3%BCnster_(1759)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Second Siege of Münster (1759) (page does not exist)">2nd Münster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Corbach" title="Battle of Corbach">Corbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Emsdorf" title="Battle of Emsdorf">Emsdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Warburg" title="Battle of Warburg">Warburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kloster_Kampen" title="Battle of Kloster Kampen">Kloster Kampen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Langensalza_(1761)" title="Battle of Langensalza (1761)">Langensalza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Cassel_(1761)" title="Siege of Cassel (1761)">1st Cassel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gr%C3%BCnberg" title="Battle of Grünberg">Grünberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Villinghausen" title="Battle of Villinghausen">Villinghausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C3%96lper_(1761)" title="Battle of Ölper (1761)">Ölper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wilhelmsthal" title="Battle of Wilhelmsthal">Wilhelmsthal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lutterberg_(1762)" title="Battle of Lutterberg (1762)">Lutterberg (1762)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nauheim" title="Battle of Nauheim">Nauheim</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Am%C3%B6neburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Amöneburg (page does not exist)">Amöneburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Cassel_(1762)" title="Siege of Cassel (1762)">Cassel (1762)</a></li></ul> <p><b>Electoral Saxony</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Pirna" title="Siege of Pirna">Pirna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rossbach" title="Battle of Rossbach">Rossbach</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capitulation_of_Sonnenstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capitulation of Sonnenstein (page does not exist)">Sonnenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hochkirch" title="Battle of Hochkirch">Hochkirch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capitulation_of_Torgau_(14_August_1759)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capitulation of Torgau (14 August 1759) (page does not exist)">Torgau (siege)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capitulation_of_Wittenberg_(1759)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capitulation of Wittenberg (1759) (page does not exist)">Wittenberg (1759)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capitulation_of_Torgau_(30_August_1759)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capitulation of Torgau (30 August 1759) (page does not exist)">Torgau (2nd siege)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capitulation_of_Dresden_(1759)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capitulation of Dresden (1759) (page does not exist)">Dresden (surrender)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Torgau_(1759)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Torgau (1759) (page does not exist)">Torgau (1759)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Korbitz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Korbitz (page does not exist)">Korbitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hoyerswerda" title="Battle of Hoyerswerda">Hoyerswerda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Sackwitz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Sackwitz (page does not exist)">Sackwitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maxen" title="Battle of Maxen">Maxen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Meissen" title="Battle of Meissen">Meissen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Dresden" title="Siege of Dresden">Dresden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Strehla" title="Battle of Strehla">Strehla</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capitulation_of_Torgau_(1760)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capitulation of Torgau (1760) (page does not exist)">Torgau (3rd siege)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Wittenberg_(1760)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Wittenberg (1760) (page does not exist)">Wittenberg (1760)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Torgau" title="Battle of Torgau">Torgau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_D%C3%B6beln&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Döbeln (page does not exist)">Döbeln</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Hilbersdorf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Hilbersdorf (page does not exist)">Hilbersdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Erbisdorf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Erbisdorf (page does not exist)">Erbisdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Freiberg" title="Battle of Freiberg">Freiberg</a></li></ul> <p><b>Brandenburg</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1757_raid_on_Berlin" title="1757 raid on Berlin">Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_K%C3%BCstrin" title="Siege of Küstrin">Küstrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zorndorf" title="Battle of Zorndorf">Zorndorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kay" title="Battle of Kay">Kay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kunersdorf" title="Battle of Kunersdorf">Kunersdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Berlin" title="Raid on Berlin">Berlin (1760)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Gostyn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Gostyn (page does not exist)">Gostyn</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Third_Silesian_War" title="Third Silesian War">Silesia</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moys" title="Battle of Moys">Moys</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Schweidnitz_(1757)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Schweidnitz (1757) (page does not exist)">1st Schweidnitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Breslau_(1757)" title="Battle of Breslau (1757)">Breslau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leuthen" title="Battle of Leuthen">Leuthen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Breslau_(1757)" title="Siege of Breslau (1757)">Breslau (1759 siege)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blockade_of_Liegnitz_(1757)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blockade of Liegnitz (1757) (page does not exist)">Liegnitz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Schweidnitz_(1758)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Schweidnitz (1758) (page does not exist)">2nd Schweidnitz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Cosel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Cosel (page does not exist)">Cosel (1758)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Neisse_(1758)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Neisse (1758) (page does not exist)">Neisse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Neustadt_(1760)" title="Battle of Neustadt (1760)">Neustadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Landeshut_(1760)" title="Battle of Landeshut (1760)">Landeshut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Glatz" title="Siege of Glatz">Glatz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Breslau_(1760)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Breslau (1760) (page does not exist)">Breslau (1760 siege)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Liegnitz_(1760)" title="Battle of Liegnitz (1760)">Liegnitz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Cosel_(1760)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Cosel (1760) (page does not exist)">Cosel (1760)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capture_of_Schweidnitz_(1761)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capture of Schweidnitz (1761) (page does not exist)">3rd Schweidnitz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Adelsbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Adelsbach (page does not exist)">Adelsbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Burkersdorf_(1762)" title="Battle of Burkersdorf (1762)">Burkersdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Reichenbach" title="Battle of Reichenbach">Reichenbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Schweidnitz_(1762)" title="Siege of Schweidnitz (1762)">4th Schweidnitz</a></li></ul> <p><b>East Prussia</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Memel_(1757)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Memel (1757) (page does not exist)">Memel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gross-J%C3%A4gersdorf" title="Battle of Gross-Jägersdorf">Gross-Jägersdorf</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Pomeranian_War" title="Pomeranian War">Pomerania</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capitulation_of_Demmin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capitulation of Demmin (page does not exist)">Demmin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capitulation_of_Anklam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capitulation of Anklam (page does not exist)">Anklam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Stralsund" title="Blockade of Stralsund">Stralsund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tornow" title="Battle of Tornow">Tornow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fehrbellin_(1758)" title="Battle of Fehrbellin (1758)">Fehrbellin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kolberg (1758)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_G%C3%BCstow" title="Battle of Güstow">Güstow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Frisches_Haff" title="Battle of Frisches Haff">Frisches Haff</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kolberg (1760)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pasewalk" title="Battle of Pasewalk">Pasewalk</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kolberg (1761)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Neuensund" title="Battle of Neuensund">Neuensund</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Green_Redoubt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of the Green Redoubt (page does not exist)">Green Redoubt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_G%C3%BClzow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Gülzow (page does not exist)">Gülzow</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Gollnow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Gollnow (page does not exist)">Gollnow</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Spie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Spie (page does not exist)">Spie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Neukalen" title="Battle of Neukalen">Neukalen</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Fantastic_War" title="Fantastic War">Iberian Peninsula</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Almeida_(1762)" title="Siege of Almeida (1762)">Almeida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Valencia_de_Alc%C3%A1ntara" title="Battle of Valencia de Alcántara">Valencia de Alcántara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vila_Velha" title="Battle of Vila Velha">Vila Velha de Ródão</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marv%C3%A3o" title="Battle of Marvão">Marvão</a></li></ul> <p><b>Naval Operations</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Fort_St_Philip_(1756)" title="Siege of Fort St Philip (1756)">Fort St Philip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Minorca_(1756)" title="Battle of Minorca (1756)">Minorca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Rochefort" title="Raid on Rochefort">Rochefort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cartagena_(1758)" title="Battle of Cartagena (1758)">Cartagena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_29_April_1758" title="Action of 29 April 1758">Bay of Biscay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_St_Malo" title="Raid on St Malo">St Malo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Cherbourg" title="Raid on Cherbourg">Cherbourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saint_Cast" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Saint Cast">Saint Cast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planned_French_invasion_of_Britain_(1759)" title="Planned French invasion of Britain (1759)">Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Quiberon_Bay" title="Battle of Quiberon Bay">Quiberon Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Belle_%C3%8Ele" title="Capture of Belle Île">Belle Île</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_17_July_1761" title="Action of 17 July 1761">Cádiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Finisterre_(1761)" title="Battle of Cape Finisterre (1761)">Cape Finisterre</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Seven_Years&#039;_War:Pomeranian_War" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Pomeranian_War_(1757%E2%80%931762)" title="Template:Campaignbox Pomeranian War (1757–1762)"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Pomeranian_War_(1757%E2%80%931762)" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Pomeranian War (1757–1762)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Pomeranian_War_(1757%E2%80%931762)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Pomeranian War (1757–1762)"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Seven_Years&#039;_War:Pomeranian_War" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War"><span class="wrap">Seven Years' War</span></a>:<br /><a href="/wiki/Pomeranian_War" title="Pomeranian War">Pomeranian War</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Stralsund" title="Blockade of Stralsund">Stralsund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tornow" title="Battle of Tornow">Tornow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fehrbellin_(1758)" title="Battle of Fehrbellin (1758)">Fehrbellin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_G%C3%BCstow" title="Battle of Güstow">Güstow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Frisches_Haff" title="Battle of Frisches Haff">Frisches Haff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pasewalk" title="Battle of Pasewalk">Pasewalk</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kolberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Neuensund" title="Battle of Neuensund">Neuensund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Neukalen" title="Battle of Neukalen">Neukalen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussian</a>-held town of <a href="/wiki/Kolberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolberg">Kolberg</a> in <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pomerania_(1653%E2%80%931815)" title="Province of Pomerania (1653–1815)">Brandenburg-Prussian Pomerania</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%82obrzeg" title="Kołobrzeg">Kołobrzeg</a>) was besieged by <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian</a> forces three times. The first two sieges, in late 1758 and from 26 August to 18 September 1760,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> were unsuccessful. A final and successful siege took place from August to December 1761.<sup id="cite_ref-Buchholz352354_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Buchholz352354-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the sieges of 1760 and 1761, the Russian forces were supported by <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Swedish</a> auxiliaries.<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo290370_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo290370-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a consequence of the fall of the city, Prussia lost its last major port on the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Coast</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-West492_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-West492-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while at the same time the Russian forces were able to take winter quarters in Pomerania. However, when Empress <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_of_Russia" title="Elizabeth of Russia">Elizabeth of Russia</a> died only weeks after the Russian victory, her successor, <a href="/wiki/Peter_III_of_Russia" title="Peter III of Russia">Peter III of Russia</a>, made peace and returned Kolberg to Prussia.<sup id="cite_ref-Stone75_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stone75-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="First_siege_(1758)"><span id="First_siege_.281758.29"></span>First siege (1758)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: First siege (1758)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Siege of Kolberg (1758)</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Third_Silesian_War" title="Third Silesian War">Third Silesian War</a> (<a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>4 October – 1 November 1758</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Kolberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolberg">Kolberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> Prussian victory</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russia</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia"><img alt="Kingdom of Prussia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Prussia</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> General-Major <a href="/w/index.php?title=Johann_Palmenbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johann Palmenbach (page does not exist)">Johann Palmenbach</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Sigismund_von_der_Heyde" title="Heinrich Sigismund von der Heyde">Heinrich Sigismund von der Heyde</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> 5,000 men, 20 guns<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo187_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo187-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> 700<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo188_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo188-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> Unknown</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> Unknown</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A first siege in 1758 was repelled by the Prussian defenders.<sup id="cite_ref-Buchholz352354_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Buchholz352354-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Russian Count <a href="/wiki/William_Fermor" title="William Fermor">Fermor</a> was ordered to expel the Prussian forces commanded by Count Dohna from Pomerania, take Kolberg and establish winter quarters in <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pomerania_(1653%E2%80%931815)" title="Province of Pomerania (1653–1815)">Brandenburg-Prussian Pomerania</a>. Fermor reluctantly pursued his objectives since he regarded full achievement nearly impossible.<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo187_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo187-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fermor dispatched 4,000 troops and 20 artillery pieces, commanded by Lieutenant-General <a href="/w/index.php?title=Johann_Palmenbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johann Palmenbach (page does not exist)">Johann Palmenbach</a> to siege Kolberg,<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo187_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo187-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> defended by 700 regulars and a levy,<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo188_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo188-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> commanded by <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Sigismund_von_der_Heyde" title="Heinrich Sigismund von der Heyde">Heinrich Sigismund von der Heyde</a> who had just upgraded the defense works and stocked supplies.<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo187_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo187-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Siege was laid on 4 October. Though Russian reinforcements brought up Palmenbach's strength to 5,000 the following month, heavy rain and storms rendered successful construction of siege works impossible. In addition, 27 Russian warships arrived to assist the siege from the seaside, yet throughout October, storms wrecked 21, and none came close enough to participate. The siege was lifted on 1 November<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo188_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo188-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after several unsuccessful attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Second_siege_(1760)"><span id="Second_siege_.281760.29"></span>Second siege (1760)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Second siege (1760)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r963460841"><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Siege of Kolberg (1760)</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Third_Silesian_War" title="Third Silesian War">Third Silesian War</a> (<a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>27 August – 18 September 1760</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Kolberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolberg">Kolberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> Prussian victory</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russia</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="no"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Liberty" title="Age of Liberty">Sweden</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia"><img alt="Kingdom of Prussia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Prussia</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><strong>Army</strong>: <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> I. V. Demidov</li></ul> </div> <br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><strong>Fleet</strong>: <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="no"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> Admiral <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zakhar_Mishukov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zakhar Mishukov (page does not exist)">Zakhar Mishukov</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" class="extiw" title="ru:Мишуков, Захар Данилович">ru</a>]</span></li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia"><img alt="Kingdom of Prussia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> Colonel <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Sigismund_von_der_Heyde" title="Heinrich Sigismund von der Heyde">Heinrich Sigismund von der Heyde</a> (defense)<br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia"><img alt="Kingdom of Prussia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> Major-General <a href="/wiki/Paul_von_Werner" title="Paul von Werner">Paul von Werner</a> (relief)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><strong>Army</strong>: <ul><li>8,000<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo290_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo290-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><strong>Fleet</strong>: <ul><li>26+ ships<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> 3,800<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo290_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo290-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (relief force)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> 600<sup id="cite_ref-Jaques538_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jaques538-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> 22 killed<br />47 wounded</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russian</a> forces had the objective to establish their 1760/61 winter quarters near the lower <a href="/wiki/Oder" title="Oder">Oder</a> for which securing the fortress of <a href="/wiki/Kolberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolberg">Kolberg</a> was necessary. In July, a Russian expedition commanded by <a href="/wiki/Gottlob_Heinrich_Tottleben" class="mw-redirect" title="Gottlob Heinrich Tottleben">Gottlob Heinrich Tottleben</a> advanced into <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pomerania_(1653-1815)" class="mw-redirect" title="Province of Pomerania (1653-1815)">Brandenburg-Prussian Pomerania</a> but, upon reaching the <a href="/wiki/Rega" title="Rega">Rega</a> valley, was ordered to the <a href="/wiki/Silesia" title="Silesia">Silesian</a> battlefields.<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo290_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo290-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HSvdHeyde.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/HSvdHeyde.jpg/100px-HSvdHeyde.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/HSvdHeyde.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="149" data-file-height="409" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Equestrian_statue_of_Frederick_the_Great" title="Equestrian statue of Frederick the Great">Statue</a> of <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Sigismund_von_der_Heyde" title="Heinrich Sigismund von der Heyde">Heyde</a> with a map of Kolberg, <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></figcaption></figure> <p>On 27 August, Kolberg was bombarded from the sea by the entire Russian Baltic fleet: 21 ships of line, three frigates and three bomb vessels, all of which had arrived the day before. On 29 August, they were joined by six ships of line and three frigates of their <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Swedish</a> allies. Some 8,000 troops were deployed and started constructing siege works on 6 September, covered by cavalry units. The Prussian defense was commanded by Colonel <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Sigismund_von_der_Heyde" title="Heinrich Sigismund von der Heyde">Heinrich Sigismund von der Heyde</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo290_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo290-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While the siege was sluggish,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II_of_Prussia" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick II of Prussia">Frederick II of Prussia</a> ordered a force of 3,800 commanded by Major-General <a href="/wiki/Paul_von_Werner" title="Paul von Werner">Paul von Werner</a> to disengage from the battles in Silesia and instead relieve Kolberg, which was some 340 kilometres (210 mi) to the North. After a 13-day ride, Werner's force arrived at the Russian lines on 18 September and attacked immediately. A successful skirmish made the besiegers believe they were dealing with a force of up to 20,000 and led them to withdraw on board of their vessels. The Swedish and Russian ships left on 20 and 23 September, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo290_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo290-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Russian casualties amounted to 600 troops.<sup id="cite_ref-Jaques538_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jaques538-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the battle, Frederick promoted both Werner and Heyde to lieutenant-general.<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo290_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo290-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Third_siege_(1761)"><span id="Third_siege_.281761.29"></span>Third siege (1761)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Third siege (1761)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r963460841"><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Siege of Kolberg (1761)</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Third_Silesian_War" title="Third Silesian War">Third Silesian War</a> (<a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fall_of_Kolberg_in_1761.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Fall_of_Kolberg_in_1761.jpg/300px-Fall_of_Kolberg_in_1761.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Fall_of_Kolberg_in_1761.jpg/450px-Fall_of_Kolberg_in_1761.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Fall_of_Kolberg_in_1761.jpg/600px-Fall_of_Kolberg_in_1761.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2206" data-file-height="1385" /></a></span><br /><i>Fall of Kolberg</i> by <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kotzebue" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Kotzebue">Alexander Kotzebue</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>24 August – 16 December 1761<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Kolberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolberg">Kolberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Russia">Russo</a>-<a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Swedish</a> victory</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russia</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="no"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Liberty" title="Age of Liberty">Sweden</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia"><img alt="Kingdom of Prussia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Prussia</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><strong>Army</strong>: <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant General">Lt. Gen.</a> <a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Rumyantsev" title="Pyotr Rumyantsev">Pyotr Rumyantsev</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Colonel" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant Colonel">Lt. Col.</a> <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Ivanovich_M%C3%B6ller-Sakomelsky" title="Ivan Ivanovich Möller-Sakomelsky">Ivan Ivanovich Möller-Sakomelsky</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Suvorov" title="Alexander Suvorov">Alexander Suvorov</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><strong>Fleet</strong>: <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrey_Polyansky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrey Polyansky (page does not exist)">Andrey Polyansky</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9,_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" class="extiw" title="ru:Полянский, Андрей Иванович">ru</a>]</span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="no"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <i>unknown</i></li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Sigismund_von_der_Heyde" title="Heinrich Sigismund von der Heyde">Heinrich Sigismund von der Heyde</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II_Eugene,_Duke_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg">Friedrich Eugen of Württemberg</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia_%281750-1801%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Dubislav_Friedrich_von_Platen" title="Dubislav Friedrich von Platen">Dubislav Friedrich von Platen</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><strong>Army</strong>: <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> 22,000 men, <br /> 70 guns<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><strong>Fleet</strong>: <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="no"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Naval_Ensign_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> 33 ships, <br /> 1,738 <a href="/wiki/Naval_artillery_in_the_Age_of_Sail" title="Naval artillery in the Age of Sail">cannons</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> 7,000 men <br /> (landing party)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <p>31,000–36,000 in all<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />20,000 participated<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo370_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo370-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> 140 <a href="/wiki/Garrison" title="Garrison">garrison</a> guns<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016_8-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> Unknown</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> 5,275+ men & 145 guns captured<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVelichkoNovitskySchwarzApushkin1913_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVelichkoNovitskySchwarzApushkin1913-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Tottleben, who had commanded the Russian spring campaigns in Pomerania the year before,<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo290_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo290-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> committed treason and revealed to Frederick the Russian plans to besiege Kolberg again in 1761. Once Frederick was aware of that, he ordered supplies to the fortress and withdrew prince <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II_Eugene,_Duke_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg">Friedrich Eugen of Württemberg</a> from the Swedish front in <a href="/wiki/Mecklenburg" title="Mecklenburg">Mecklenburg</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo369_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo369-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Württemberg reached Kolberg on 4 July, and he commanded a reinforced defense force of 12,000 troops. Russian commander <a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Alexandrovich_Rumyantsev-Zadunaisky" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyotr Alexandrovich Rumyantsev-Zadunaisky">Pyotr Alexandrovich Rumyantsev-Zadunaisky</a>, commanding a weaker force, took quarter in nearby <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6slin" class="mw-redirect" title="Köslin">Köslin</a> (now Koszalin) on 23 June, awaiting reinforcements.<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo370_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo370-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Polyansky's squadron carried out the <a href="/wiki/Blockade" title="Blockade">blockade</a> from the sea. It included 24 ships, 1,300 guns and 7,000 marines. There was also allied with Russia a Swedish detachment of 9 ships and 438 guns.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016_8-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Württemberg's plan to attack Rumyantsev as long as the odds favoured Prussia was cancelled by Frederick as too risky. After 3,000 Russian troops had reinforced Rumyantsev in mid-August, he laid siege to Kolberg on 22 August.<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo370_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo370-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0-%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BA_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5_%C2%AB%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%C2%BB._%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_1761_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0._%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3,_1911-1915).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0-%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BA_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5_%C2%AB%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%C2%BB._%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_1761_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0._%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%28%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%2C_1911-1915%29.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0-%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BA_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5_%C2%AB%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%C2%BB._%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_1761_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0._%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%28%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%2C_1911-1915%29.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0-%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BA_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5_%C2%AB%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%C2%BB._%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_1761_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0._%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%28%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%2C_1911-1915%29.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3078" data-file-height="2003" /></a><figcaption>Schematic map to the article "Kolberg". The siege of 1761. <i>Sytin Military Encyclopedia</i> (<a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Petersburg">St. Petersburg</a>, 1911–1915)</figcaption></figure> <p>Twenty-three Russian warships assisted Rumyantsev; an additional eight Swedish warships joined later. The town was continuously bombarded from 25 August to 25 September. On 18 September, Rumyantsev stormed Württemberg's defense outside the town, suffering 3,000 casualties with little ground gained. He then changed his strategy from preparing storms to cutting off Kolberg from supplies.<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo370_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo370-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 30 September, Kolberg was reinforced by several thousand Prussian troops commanded by <a href="/wiki/Dubislav_Friedrich_von_Platen" title="Dubislav Friedrich von Platen">Dubislav Friedrich von Platen</a>. With the reinforcements, the fortress was defended by nearly 20,000 Prussians. Rumyantsev, who lost naval support on 9 October when the Russian warships sailed home because of bad weather, was reinforced by part of <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Borisovich_Buturlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Borisovich Buturlin">Alexander Borisovich Buturlin</a>'s army the same month. His cavalry, commanded by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gustav_Berg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gustav Berg (page does not exist)">Gustav Berg</a>, cut off Prussian communication lines, countered excursions of Württemberg's 2,700 horse and captured at least four of their units.<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo370_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo370-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As the Prussians were running out of supplies, Platen's force was ordered to Berlin in late October. In November, Württemberg abandoned Kolberg, broke through the Russian lines to reunite with Platen, and then attempted to rout Rumyantsev from the rear. When Platen and Württemberg did not succeed, Platen departed as ordered, and Württemberg tried several times to force his way back into the fortress. On 12 December, the Russian forces halted his final attempt at <a href="/wiki/B%C5%82otnica,_West_Pomeranian_Voivodeship" title="Błotnica, West Pomeranian Voivodeship">Spie</a>, southwest of Kolberg, inflicting 1,000 casualties on his force. Württemberg's remaining 8,000 troops thereupon retreated to <a href="/wiki/Stettin" class="mw-redirect" title="Stettin">Stettin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo371_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo371-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 16 December, Kolberg <a href="/wiki/Capitulation_(surrender)" title="Capitulation (surrender)">capitulated</a> to Rumyantsev, enabling his forces to take winter quarter in <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pomerania_(1653%E2%80%931815)" title="Province of Pomerania (1653–1815)">Brandenburg-Prussian Pomerania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo371_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo371-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another Russian achievement was that Rumyantsev's siege kept Platen's forces in check, whom hard-pressed Frederick had expected to aid him in Silesia once Kolberg was relieved. By the time Platen escaped the pocket, the setbacks Frederick suffered in Silesia were already irreversible, thus Platen was ordered to Berlin instead to support his <a href="/wiki/Saxony" title="Saxony">Saxon</a> ally.<sup id="cite_ref-Szabo366_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szabo366-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The siege of Kolberg of 1761 was an important milestone in the development of Russian military art. Here Rumyantsev pioneered a new tactic — the action of troops in battalion (regimental) columns, combined with a scattered formation of <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A4ger_(infantry)" title="Jäger (infantry)">jaegers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016_8-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Miracle_of_the_House_of_Brandenburg" title="Miracle of the House of Brandenburg">Miracle of the House of Brandenburg</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:313px;max-width:313px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:162px;max-width:162px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carle_Vanloo,_Portrait_de_l%E2%80%99imp%C3%A9ratrice_%C3%89lisabeth_Petrovna_(1760).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Carle_Vanloo%2C_Portrait_de_l%E2%80%99imp%C3%A9ratrice_%C3%89lisabeth_Petrovna_%281760%29.jpg/160px-Carle_Vanloo%2C_Portrait_de_l%E2%80%99imp%C3%A9ratrice_%C3%89lisabeth_Petrovna_%281760%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Carle_Vanloo%2C_Portrait_de_l%E2%80%99imp%C3%A9ratrice_%C3%89lisabeth_Petrovna_%281760%29.jpg/240px-Carle_Vanloo%2C_Portrait_de_l%E2%80%99imp%C3%A9ratrice_%C3%89lisabeth_Petrovna_%281760%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Carle_Vanloo%2C_Portrait_de_l%E2%80%99imp%C3%A9ratrice_%C3%89lisabeth_Petrovna_%281760%29.jpg/320px-Carle_Vanloo%2C_Portrait_de_l%E2%80%99imp%C3%A9ratrice_%C3%89lisabeth_Petrovna_%281760%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="607" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:147px;max-width:147px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_III_of_Russia_by_Grooth_(1743,_Tretyakov_gallery).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Peter_III_of_Russia_by_Grooth_%281743%2C_Tretyakov_gallery%29.jpg/145px-Peter_III_of_Russia_by_Grooth_%281743%2C_Tretyakov_gallery%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="145" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Peter_III_of_Russia_by_Grooth_%281743%2C_Tretyakov_gallery%29.jpg/218px-Peter_III_of_Russia_by_Grooth_%281743%2C_Tretyakov_gallery%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Peter_III_of_Russia_by_Grooth_%281743%2C_Tretyakov_gallery%29.jpg/290px-Peter_III_of_Russia_by_Grooth_%281743%2C_Tretyakov_gallery%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2004" data-file-height="2481" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flow-root"><div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_of_Russia" title="Elizabeth of Russia">Elizabeth</a> (left) and <a href="/wiki/Peter_III_of_Russia" title="Peter III of Russia">Peter III of Russia</a> (right)</div></div></div></div> <p>By the time of the sieges, Russian <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsaress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tsaress (page does not exist)">Tsaress</a> <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_of_Russia" title="Elizabeth of Russia">Elizabeth of Russia</a> was suffering from an illness, which led to her death on 25 December 1761 (<a href="/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates" title="Old Style and New Style dates">OS</a>) or 5 January 1762 (<a href="/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates" title="Old Style and New Style dates">NS</a>). Elizabeth was succeeded by her nephew, <a href="/wiki/Peter_III_of_Russia" title="Peter III of Russia">Peter III of Russia</a>, an admirer of Frederick partially raised in Berlin.<sup id="cite_ref-Stone75_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stone75-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Peter, who had opposed Russia's involvement in the Seven Years' War, ceased the hostilities with Prussia at once and, by the terms of the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Saint_Petersburg_(1762)" title="Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1762)">Treaty of Saint Petersburg</a>, returned to her all occupied territories (including Kolberg) as well as providing Frederick with 20,000 troops.<sup id="cite_ref-Stone75_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stone75-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Deprived of their Russian ally, the Austrian <a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">House of Habsburg</a> was unwilling to continue the war on its own<sup id="cite_ref-Stone75_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stone75-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and returned to the <i>status quo ante</i> with Prussia in the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Hubertusburg" title="Treaty of Hubertusburg">Treaty of Hubertusburg</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania_during_the_Early_Modern_Age" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomerania during the Early Modern Age">Pomerania during the Early Modern Age</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">13 August – 5 December <a href="/wiki/Old_Style" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Style">OS</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Acted on Prussian communications.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <ul><li>Russian <a href="/wiki/Squadron_(naval)" title="Squadron (naval)">squadron</a>: 24 ships, 1,300 cannons.</li> <li>Swedish detachment: 9 ships, 438 cannons.</li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Including detachments defending the lines of communication with <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Without reinforcements, 16,000: that is 4,000-Kolberg <a href="/wiki/Garrison" title="Garrison">garrison</a> and 12,000 men of <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II_Eugene,_Duke_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg">Frederick II Eugene</a>'s corps, stationed in a fortified camp.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016_8-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See the schematic map provided in the section. The mentioned fortification covers a narrow passage to <a href="/wiki/B%C5%82otnica,_West_Pomeranian_Voivodeship" title="Błotnica, West Pomeranian Voivodeship">Błotnica</a> through the <a href="/wiki/B%C5%82otnica_(river)" title="Błotnica (river)">eponymous stream</a> and is located in the lower left corner — a little southwest of the passage.<br />n.b.: Kolberg itself is labelled "A".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This also includes General <a href="/wiki/Charles-Emmanuel_de_Warnery" title="Charles-Emmanuel de Warnery">Charles-Emmanuel de Warnery</a>, 20 food <a href="/wiki/Wagon_train" title="Wagon train">wagons</a>, 135 officers. <ul><li><strong><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Bibikov" title="Aleksandr Bibikov">Colonel Bibikov</a>'s attack</strong>:<br />500 men and 2 guns captured.</li> <li><strong>Brigadier Nevedomsky's attack</strong>:<br />7 guns taken away.</li> <li><strong>Fortification XXXV</strong>:<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Entire garrison became prisoners.</li> <li><strong><a href="/wiki/Treptow_an_der_Rega" class="mw-redirect" title="Treptow an der Rega">Treptow an der Rega</a></strong>:<br />59 officers and 1,840 soldiers taken prisoner.</li> <li><strong><a href="/wiki/Capitulation_(surrender)" title="Capitulation (surrender)">Capitulation</a></strong>:<br />76 officers, about 2,800 soldiers, 136 guns, and many cannonballs or bullets captured.</li></ul> <br /><br />2,929 men, 146 guns, 28 <a href="/wiki/Military_colours,_standards_and_guidons" title="Military colours, standards and guidons">standards</a> and colours captured<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (September 2023)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References">References</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Burk (1995), p.49</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Buchholz352354-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Buchholz352354_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Buchholz352354_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Buchholz (1999), pp.352–354</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Szabo290370-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Szabo290370_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Szabo (2008), pp.290, 370</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-West492-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-West492_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">West (2001), p.492</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stone75-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Stone75_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stone75_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stone75_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stone75_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Stone (2006), p.75</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Szabo187-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Szabo187_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Szabo187_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Szabo187_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Szabo187_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Szabo (2008), p. 187</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Szabo188-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Szabo188_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Szabo188_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Szabo188_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Szabo (2008), p. 188</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016_8-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016_8-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016_8-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016_8-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETashlykov2016_8-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTashlykov2016">Tashlykov 2016</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Szabo290-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Szabo290_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Szabo290_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Szabo290_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Szabo290_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Szabo290_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Szabo290_9-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Szabo290_9-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Szabo (2008), p. 290</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jaques538-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jaques538_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jaques538_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jaques (2007), p. 538</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Suvorov#1761" title="Alexander Suvorov">Alexander Suvorov § 1761</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Szabo370-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Szabo370_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Szabo370_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Szabo370_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Szabo370_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Szabo370_16-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Szabo (2008), p. 370</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVelichkoNovitskySchwarzApushkin1913-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVelichkoNovitskySchwarzApushkin1913_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVelichkoNovitskySchwarzApushkin1913">Velichko et al. 1913</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Szabo369-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Szabo369_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Szabo (2008), p. 369</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Szabo371-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Szabo371_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Szabo371_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Szabo (2008), p. 371</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Szabo366-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Szabo366_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Szabo (2008), p. 366</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vierhaus (1984), p. 184</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBuchholz2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Buchholz, Werner, ed. (2002). <i>Pommern</i> (in German). Siedler. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-88680-780-0" title="Special:BookSources/3-88680-780-0"><bdi>3-88680-780-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pommern&rft.pub=Siedler&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=3-88680-780-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Kolberg+%28Seven+Years%27+War%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurk1995" class="citation book cs1">Burk, Kurt (1995). <i>Handbuch zur Geschichte der Festungen des historischen deutschen Ostens</i>. Biblio. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-7648-2454-9" title="Special:BookSources/3-7648-2454-9"><bdi>3-7648-2454-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbuch+zur+Geschichte+der+Festungen+des+historischen+deutschen+Ostens&rft.pub=Biblio&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=3-7648-2454-9&rft.aulast=Burk&rft.aufirst=Kurt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Kolberg+%28Seven+Years%27+War%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJaques2007" class="citation book cs1">Jaques, Tony, ed. (2007). <i>Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: A Guide to 8,500 Battles from Antiquity Through the Twenty-first Century, Volume II: F-O</i>. Greenwood Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-33538-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-33538-9"><bdi>978-0-313-33538-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Battles+and+Sieges%3A+A+Guide+to+8%2C500+Battles+from+Antiquity+Through+the+Twenty-first+Century%2C+Volume+II%3A+F-O&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-313-33538-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Kolberg+%28Seven+Years%27+War%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStone2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_R._Stone" title="David R. Stone">Stone, David R.</a> (2006). <i>A military history of Russia: from Ivan the Terrible to the war in Chechnya</i>. Greenwood Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-275-98502-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-275-98502-4"><bdi>0-275-98502-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+military+history+of+Russia%3A+from+Ivan+the+Terrible+to+the+war+in+Chechnya&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-275-98502-4&rft.aulast=Stone&rft.aufirst=David+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Kolberg+%28Seven+Years%27+War%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSzabo2008" class="citation book cs1">Szabo, Franz A. J. (2008). <i>The Seven Years War in Europe, 1756–1763</i>. Pearson Education. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-582-29272-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-582-29272-7"><bdi>978-0-582-29272-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Seven+Years+War+in+Europe%2C+1756%E2%80%931763&rft.pub=Pearson+Education&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-582-29272-7&rft.aulast=Szabo&rft.aufirst=Franz+A.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Kolberg+%28Seven+Years%27+War%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVierhaus1984" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Vierhaus, Rudolf (1984). <i>Deutschland im Zeitalter des Absolutismus (1648–1763)</i> (in German) (2 ed.). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-525-33504-0" title="Special:BookSources/3-525-33504-0"><bdi>3-525-33504-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Deutschland+im+Zeitalter+des+Absolutismus+%281648%E2%80%931763%29&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Vandenhoeck+%26+Ruprecht&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=3-525-33504-0&rft.aulast=Vierhaus&rft.aufirst=Rudolf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Kolberg+%28Seven+Years%27+War%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWest2001" class="citation book cs1">West, Fred (2001). <i>Crucible of War: The Seven Years' War and the Fate of Empire in British North America, 1754–1766</i>. Faber and Faber.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Crucible+of+War%3A+The+Seven+Years%27+War+and+the+Fate+of+Empire+in+British+North+America%2C+1754%E2%80%931766&rft.pub=Faber+and+Faber&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=Fred&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Kolberg+%28Seven+Years%27+War%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVelichkoNovitskySchwarzApushkin1913" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Velichko, Konstantin I.; Novitsky, Vasily F.; Schwarz, Aleksey V. von; Apushkin, Vladimir A.; Schoultz, Gustav K. von (1913). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bmk-brz-13/page/n57/mode/2up"><i>Военная энциклопедия Сытина</i></a> [<i>Sytin Military Encyclopedia</i>] (in Russian). Vol. XIII. Кобленц – Круз. Moscow: Типография Т-ва И. Д. Сытина. pp. 52–54<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A1%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&rft.place=Moscow&rft.pages=52-54&rft.pub=%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A2-%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%98.+%D0%94.+%D0%A1%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&rft.date=1913&rft.aulast=Velichko&rft.aufirst=Konstantin+I.&rft.au=Novitsky%2C+Vasily+F.&rft.au=Schwarz%2C+Aleksey+V.+von&rft.au=Apushkin%2C+Vladimir+A.&rft.au=Schoultz%2C+Gustav+K.+von&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbmk-brz-13%2Fpage%2Fn57%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Kolberg+%28Seven+Years%27+War%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTashlykov2016" class="citation web cs1">Tashlykov, S. L. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/military_science/text/2621197">"КОЛЬБЕРГА ОСАДЫ"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Great_Russian_Encyclopedia#Electronic_version" title="Great Russian Encyclopedia">Great Russian Encyclopedia. Electronic version</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Great+Russian+Encyclopedia.+Electronic+version&rft.atitle=%D0%9A%D0%9E%D0%9B%D0%AC%D0%91%D0%95%D0%A0%D0%93%D0%90+%D0%9E%D0%A1%D0%90%D0%94%D0%AB&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Tashlykov&rft.aufirst=S.+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fold.bigenc.ru%2Fmilitary_science%2Ftext%2F2621197&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Kolberg+%28Seven+Years%27+War%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&params=54.183333_N_15.583333_E_type:event"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">54°11′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">15°35′00″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">54.183333°N 15.583333°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">54.183333; 15.583333</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="History_of_Pomerania" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pomeranian_history" title="Template:Pomeranian history"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pomeranian_history" title="Template talk:Pomeranian history"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pomeranian_history" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pomeranian history"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="History_of_Pomerania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Pomerania" title="History of Pomerania">History of Pomerania</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_history_of_Pomerania" title="Early history of Pomerania">10,000 BC – 600 AD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania_during_the_Early_Middle_Ages" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomerania during the Early Middle Ages">600–1100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania_during_the_High_Middle_Ages" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomerania during the High Middle Ages">1100–1300</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania_during_the_Late_Middle_Ages" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomerania during the Late Middle Ages">1300–1500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania_during_the_Early_Modern_Age" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomerania during the Early Modern Age">1500–1806</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Pomerania_(1806%E2%80%931933)" title="History of Pomerania (1806–1933)">1806–1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Pomerania_(1933%E2%80%931945)" title="History of Pomerania (1933–1945)">1933–1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Pomerania_(1945%E2%80%93present)" title="History of Pomerania (1945–present)">1945–present</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Administrative" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Administrative</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Western_Pomerania" title="Western Pomerania">Western Pomerania</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Billung_March" title="Billung March">Billung March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_March" title="Northern March">Northern March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_R%C3%BCgen" title="Principality of Rügen">Principality of Rügen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Pomerania" title="Duchy of Pomerania">Duchy of Pomerania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Pomerania" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Pomerania">House of Pomerania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Pomeranian_duchies_and_dukes" title="List of Pomeranian duchies and dukes">List of dukes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_of_G%C3%BCtzkow" title="County of Gützkow">Gützkow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partitions_of_the_Duchy_of_Pomerania" title="Partitions of the Duchy of Pomerania">Partitions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-Demmin" title="Pomerania-Demmin">Pomerania-Demmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-Stettin" title="Pomerania-Stettin">Pomerania-Stettin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-Schlawe" title="Pomerania-Schlawe">Pomerania-Schlawe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-Wolgast" title="Pomerania-Wolgast">Pomerania-Wolgast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-Stolp" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomerania-Stolp">Pomerania-Stolp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-Neustettin" title="Pomerania-Neustettin">Pomerania-Neustettin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-Stargard" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomerania-Stargard">Pomerania-Stargard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-R%C3%BCgenwalde" title="Pomerania-Rügenwalde">Pomerania-Rügenwalde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-Wolgast-Stolp" title="Pomerania-Wolgast-Stolp">Pomerania-Wolgast-Stolp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-Barth" title="Pomerania-Barth">Pomerania-Barth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Pomerania" title="Swedish Pomerania">Swedish Pomerania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pomerania_(1815%E2%80%931945)" title="Province of Pomerania (1815–1945)">Province of Pomerania 1815–1945</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stettin_(region)" title="Stettin (region)">Stettin Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stralsund_(region)" title="Stralsund (region)">Stralsund Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_placenames_in_the_Province_of_Pomerania" title="List of placenames in the Province of Pomerania">List of placenames</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enclave_of_Police" title="Enclave of Police">Enclave of Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szczecin_Voivodeship_(1946%E2%80%931975)" title="Szczecin Voivodeship (1946–1975)">Szczecin Voivodeship 1946–1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mecklenburg-Vorpommern#German_Democratic_Republic" title="Mecklenburg-Vorpommern">Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 1946–1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bezirk_Frankfurt" title="Bezirk Frankfurt">Bezirk Frankfurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bezirk_Neubrandenburg" title="Bezirk Neubrandenburg">Bezirk Neubrandenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bezirk_Rostock" title="Bezirk Rostock">Bezirk Rostock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szczecin_Voivodeship_(1975%E2%80%931998)" title="Szczecin Voivodeship (1975–1998)">Szczecin Voivodeship 1975–1998</a></li> <li>Contemporary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mecklenburg-Vorpommern" title="Mecklenburg-Vorpommern">Mecklenburg-Vorpommern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandenburg" title="Brandenburg">Brandenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Pomeranian_Voivodeship" title="West Pomeranian Voivodeship">West Pomeranian Voivodeship</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Farther_Pomerania" title="Farther Pomerania">Farther Pomerania</a><br /></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Pomerania" title="Duchy of Pomerania">Duchy of Pomerania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Pomerania" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Pomerania">House of Pomerania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Pomeranian_duchies_and_dukes" title="List of Pomeranian duchies and dukes">List of dukes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishopric_of_Cammin" title="Bishopric of Cammin">Cammin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lands_of_Schlawe_and_Stolp" title="Lands of Schlawe and Stolp">Schlawe-Stolp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partitions_of_the_Duchy_of_Pomerania" title="Partitions of the Duchy of Pomerania">Partitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerania-Stolp" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomerania-Stolp">Pomerania-Stolp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pomerania_(1653%E2%80%931815)" title="Province of Pomerania (1653–1815)">Brandenburgian Pomerania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Starostwo_of_Draheim" title="Starostwo of Draheim">Starostwo of Draheim</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pomerania_(1815%E2%80%931945)" title="Province of Pomerania (1815–1945)">Province of Pomerania 1815–1945</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stettin_(region)" title="Stettin (region)">Stettin Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6slin_(region)" title="Köslin (region)">Köslin Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_placenames_in_the_Province_of_Pomerania" title="List of placenames in the Province of Pomerania">List of placenames</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szczecin_Voivodeship_(1946%E2%80%931975)" title="Szczecin Voivodeship (1946–1975)">Szczecin Voivodeship 1946–1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koszalin_Voivodeship_(1950%E2%80%931975)" title="Koszalin Voivodeship (1950–1975)">Koszalin Voivodeship 1950–1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szczecin_Voivodeship_(1975%E2%80%931998)" title="Szczecin Voivodeship (1975–1998)">Szczecin Voivodeship 1975–1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koszalin_Voivodeship_(1975%E2%80%931998)" title="Koszalin Voivodeship (1975–1998)">Koszalin Voivodeship 1975–1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%82upsk_Voivodeship" title="Słupsk Voivodeship">Słupsk Voivodeship</a> 1975–1998</li> <li>Contemporary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Pomeranian_Voivodeship" title="West Pomeranian Voivodeship">West Pomeranian Voivodeship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranian_Voivodeship" title="Pomeranian Voivodeship">Pomeranian Voivodeship</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lauenburg_and_B%C3%BCtow_Land" title="Lauenburg and Bütow Land">Lauenburg-Bütow</a> <br /> <span class="nobold">classified as<br /> <a href="/wiki/Farther_Pomerania" title="Farther Pomerania">Farther Pomerania</a><br /> or <a href="/wiki/Pomerelia" title="Pomerelia">Pomerelia</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Pomerania" title="Duchy of Pomerania">Duchy of Pomerania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Pomerania" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Pomerania">House of Pomerania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Pomeranian_duchies_and_dukes" title="List of Pomeranian duchies and dukes">List of dukes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partitions_of_the_Duchy_of_Pomerania" title="Partitions of the Duchy of Pomerania">Partitions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Prussia" title="Royal Prussia">Royal Prussia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranian_Voivodeship_(1466%E2%80%931772)" title="Pomeranian Voivodeship (1466–1772)">Pomeranian Voivodeship</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauenburg_and_B%C3%BCtow_Land" title="Lauenburg and Bütow Land">Lauenburg-Bütow Pawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pomerania_(1653%E2%80%931815)" title="Province of Pomerania (1653–1815)">Brandenburgian Pomerania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lauenburg_and_B%C3%BCtow_Land" title="Lauenburg and Bütow Land">Lauenburg and Bütow Land</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pomerania_(1815%E2%80%931945)" title="Province of Pomerania (1815–1945)">Province of Pomerania 1815–1945</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6slin_(region)" title="Köslin (region)">Köslin Region</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szczecin_Voivodeship_(1946%E2%80%931975)" title="Szczecin Voivodeship (1946–1975)">Szczecin Voivodeship 1946–1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koszalin_Voivodeship_(1950%E2%80%931975)" title="Koszalin Voivodeship (1950–1975)">Koszalin Voivodeship 1950–1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%82upsk_Voivodeship" title="Słupsk Voivodeship">Słupsk Voivodeship</a> 1975–1998</li> <li>Contemporary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranian_Voivodeship" title="Pomeranian Voivodeship">Pomeranian Voivodeship</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pomerelia" title="Pomerelia">Pomerelia</a> <br /> <span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Kashubia" title="Kashubia">Kashubia</a>, <br /> <a href="/wiki/Kociewie" title="Kociewie">Kociewie</a>, <br /> <a href="/wiki/Tuchola_Forest" title="Tuchola Forest">Tuchola Forest</a>, <br /> <a href="/wiki/Che%C5%82mno_Land" title="Chełmno Land">Chełmno Land</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pomerelia#As_part_of_Poland" title="Pomerelia">Polish Pomerelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomerelia#Danish_conquest_and_independence" title="Pomerelia">Danish Pomerelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Pomerelia" class="mw-redirect" title="Duchy of Pomerelia">Duchy of Pomerelia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samborides" title="Samborides">Samborides</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Gda%C5%84sk" title="Duchy of Gdańsk">Duchy of Gdańsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_%C5%9Awiecie_and_Lubiszewo" title="Duchy of Świecie and Lubiszewo">Duchy of Świecie and Lubiszewo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Bia%C5%82ogarda" title="Duchy of Białogarda">Duchy of Białogarda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Lubiszewo" title="Duchy of Lubiszewo">Duchy of Lubiszewo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_%C5%9Awiecie" title="Duchy of Świecie">Duchy of Świecie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Teutonic_Order" title="State of the Teutonic Order">State of the Teutonic Order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Prussia" title="Royal Prussia">Royal Prussia</a> 1466–1793 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranian_Voivodeship_(1466%E2%80%931772)" title="Pomeranian Voivodeship (1466–1772)">Pomeranian Voivodeship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Che%C5%82mno_Voivodeship" title="Chełmno Voivodeship">Chełmno Voivodeship</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_City_of_Danzig_(Napoleonic)" title="Free City of Danzig (Napoleonic)">Free City of Danzig 1807–1814</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Prussia" title="West Prussia">West Prussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posen-West_Prussia" class="mw-redirect" title="Posen-West Prussia">Posen-West Prussia Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranian_Voivodeship_(1919%E2%80%931939)" title="Pomeranian Voivodeship (1919–1939)">Pomeranian Voivodeship 1919–1939</a> (<a href="/wiki/Polish_Corridor" title="Polish Corridor">Polish Corridor</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_City_of_Danzig" title="Free City of Danzig">Free City of Danzig 1920–1939</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reichsgau_Danzig-West_Prussia" title="Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia">Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk_Voivodeship_(1945%E2%80%931975)" title="Gdańsk Voivodeship (1945–1975)">Gdańsk Voivodeship 1946–1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bydgoszcz_Voivodeship#1946-1975" title="Bydgoszcz Voivodeship">Bydgoszcz Voivodeship 1946–1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szczecin_Voivodeship_(1946%E2%80%931975)" title="Szczecin Voivodeship (1946–1975)">Szczecin Voivodeship 1946–1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koszalin_Voivodeship_(1950%E2%80%931975)" title="Koszalin Voivodeship (1950–1975)">Koszalin Voivodeship 1950–1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk_Voivodeship_(1975%E2%80%931998)" title="Gdańsk Voivodeship (1975–1998)">Gdańsk Voivodeship 1975–1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koszalin_Voivodeship_(1975%E2%80%931998)" title="Koszalin Voivodeship (1975–1998)">Koszalin Voivodeship 1975–1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%82upsk_Voivodeship" title="Słupsk Voivodeship">Słupsk Voivodeship</a> 1975–1998</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bydgoszcz_Voivodeship#1975–1998" title="Bydgoszcz Voivodeship">Bydgoszcz Voivodeship 1975–1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toru%C5%84_Voivodeship" title="Toruń Voivodeship">Toruń Voivodeship</a> 1975–1998</li> <li>Contemporary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranian_Voivodeship" title="Pomeranian Voivodeship">Pomeranian Voivodeship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Pomeranian_Voivodeship" title="West Pomeranian Voivodeship">West Pomeranian Voivodeship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gmina_Bia%C5%82y_B%C3%B3r" title="Gmina Biały Bór">Gmina Biały Bór</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuyavian-Pomeranian_Voivodeship" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship">Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Ecclesiastical" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Ecclesiastical</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Christianization_of_Pomerania" title="Christianization of Pomerania">Christianization of Pomerania</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishopric_of_Cammin" title="Bishopric of Cammin">Diocese of Wollin/Cammin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Kolberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocese of Kolberg">Diocese of Kolberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Che%C5%82mno" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Chełmno">Diocese of Chełmno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_See_of_Roskilde" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient See of Roskilde">Diocese of Roskilde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Vicariate_of_Northern_Germany" title="Apostolic Vicariate of Northern Germany">Apostolic Vicariate of Northern Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Berlin#Breslau's_Prince-Episcopal_Delegation_for_Brandenburg_and_Pomerania" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Berlin">Prince-Episcopal Delegation for Brandenburg and Pomerania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Administration_of_the_Free_City_of_Danzig" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostolic Administration of the Free City of Danzig">Apostolic Administration of the Free City of Danzig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Administration_of_T%C3%BCtz" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostolic Administration of Tütz">Apostolic Administration of Tütz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Territorial_Prelature_of_Schneidem%C3%BChl" title="Roman Catholic Territorial Prelature of Schneidemühl">Prelature of Schneidemühl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Administration_of_Kamie%C5%84,_Lubusz_and_the_Prelature_of_Pi%C5%82a" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostolic Administration of Kamień, Lubusz and the Prelature of Piła">Apostolic Administration of Kamień (Cammin), Lubusz (Lebus) and the Prelature of Piła (Schneidemühl)</a> with see in <a href="/wiki/Gorz%C3%B3w_Wielkopolski" title="Gorzów Wielkopolski">Gorzów Wielkopolski</a> 1945–1972</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Extant</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Berlin" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Berlin">Archdiocese of Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Bydgoszcz" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Bydgoszcz">Diocese of Bydgoszcz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Gda%C5%84sk" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Gdańsk">Archdiocese of Gdańsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Koszalin-Ko%C5%82obrzeg" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Koszalin-Kołobrzeg">Diocese of Koszalin-Kołobrzeg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Pelplin" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Pelplin">Diocese of Pelplin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Szczecin-Kamie%C5%84" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Szczecin-Kamień">Archdiocese of Szczecin-Kamień</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Toru%C5%84" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Toruń">Diocese of Toruń</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_W%C5%82oc%C5%82awek" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Włocławek">Diocese of Włocławek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reformation" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Reformation">Protestant Reformation</a></i></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_State_Church_in_Prussia" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical State Church in Prussia">Evangelical State Church in Prussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranian_Evangelical_Church" title="Pomeranian Evangelical Church">Pomeranian Evangelical Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Extant</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_in_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Church in Germany">Protestant Church in Germany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Northern_Germany" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany">Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany</a> <ul><li>Lutheran Diocese of Mecklenburg and Pomerania</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Reformed_Church_in_Germany" title="Evangelical Reformed Church in Germany">Evangelical Reformed Church in Germany</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_the_Augsburg_Confession_in_Poland" title="Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Poland">Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Poland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Diocese_of_Pomerania-Greater_Poland" title="Lutheran Diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland">Lutheran Diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Diocese_of_Wroc%C5%82aw" title="Lutheran Diocese of Wrocław">Lutheran Diocese of Wrocław</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecostal_Church_in_Poland" title="Pentecostal Church in Poland">Pentecostal Church in Poland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Demography_and_anthropology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Demographic_history_of_Pomerania" title="Demographic history of Pomerania">Demography</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anthropology" title="Anthropology">anthropology</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Archaeological cultures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hamburg_culture" title="Hamburg culture">Hamburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maglemosian_culture" title="Maglemosian culture">Maglemosian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erteb%C3%B8lle_culture" title="Ertebølle culture">Ertebølle-Ellerbek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_Pottery_culture" title="Linear Pottery culture">Linear Pottery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funnelbeaker_culture" title="Funnelbeaker culture">Funnelbeaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Havelland_culture" title="Havelland culture">Havelland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corded_Ware_culture" title="Corded Ware culture">Corded Ware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comb_Ceramic_culture" title="Comb Ceramic culture">Comb Ceramic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_Bronze_Age" title="Nordic Bronze Age">Nordic Bronze Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lusatian_culture" title="Lusatian culture">Lusatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jastorf_culture" title="Jastorf culture">Jastorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranian_culture" title="Pomeranian culture">Pomeranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oksywie_culture" title="Oksywie culture">Oksywie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wielbark_culture" title="Wielbark culture">Wielbark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustow_group" title="Gustow group">Gustow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C4%99bczyn_culture" title="Dębczyn culture">Dębczyn (Denzin)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Peoples</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gepids" title="Gepids">Gepids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goths" title="Goths">Goths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemovii" title="Lemovii">Lemovii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugii" title="Rugii">Rugii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidivarii" title="Vidivarii">Vidivarii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vistula_Veneti" title="Vistula Veneti">Vistula Veneti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranians_(tribe)" title="Pomeranians (tribe)">Slavic Pomeranians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prissani" title="Prissani">Prissani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rani_(tribe)" title="Rani (tribe)">Rani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrani" title="Ukrani">Ukrani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veleti" title="Veleti">Veleti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutici" title="Lutici">Lutici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velunzani" class="mw-redirect" title="Velunzani">Velunzani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranians_(German_people)" title="Pomeranians (German people)">German Pomeranians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashubians" title="Kashubians">Kashubians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_people" title="Polish people">Poles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovincians" title="Slovincians">Slovincians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major demographic events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Migration_Period" title="Migration Period">Migration Period</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ostsiedlung" title="Ostsiedlung">Ostsiedlung</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flight_and_expulsion_of_Germans_from_Poland_during_and_after_World_War_II" title="Flight and expulsion of Germans from Poland during and after World War II">WWII flight and expulsion of Germans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recovered_Territories" title="Recovered Territories">Post-WWII settlement of Poles and Ukrainians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Languages and dialects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/West_Germanic_languages" title="West Germanic languages">West Germanic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Low_German" title="Low German">Low German</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Low_Prussian_dialect" title="Low Prussian dialect">Low Prussian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Pomeranian_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Pomeranian dialect">Central Pomeranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch_dialect" title="Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch dialect">Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Pomeranian_dialect" title="East Pomeranian dialect">East Pomeranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Pomeranian_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="West Pomeranian dialect">West Pomeranian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_German" title="Standard German">Standard German</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/West_Slavic_languages" title="West Slavic languages">West Slavic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polabian_language" title="Polabian language">Polabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomeranian_language" title="Pomeranian language">Pomeranian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kashubian_language" title="Kashubian language">Kashubian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovincian_language" title="Slovincian language">Slovincian</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Treaties" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Treaties</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1200–1500</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Kremmen" title="Treaty of Kremmen">Kremmen</a> (1236)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Landin" title="Treaty of Landin">Landin</a> (1250)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_K%C4%99pno" title="Treaty of Kępno">Kępno</a> (1282)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Soldin_(1309)" title="Treaty of Soldin (1309)">Soldin (1309)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Templin" title="Treaty of Templin">Templin</a> (1317)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Ueckerm%C3%BCnde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Ueckermünde (page does not exist)">Ueckermünde</a> (1327)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Kalisz_(1343)" title="Treaty of Kalisz (1343)">Kalisz</a> (1343)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Stralsund_(1354)" title="Treaty of Stralsund (1354)">Stralsund (1354)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Stralsund_(1370)" title="Treaty of Stralsund (1370)">Stralsund (1370)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Pyzdry" title="Treaty of Pyzdry">Pyzdry</a> (1390)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Raci%C4%85%C5%BCek" title="Peace of Raciążek">Raciążek (1404)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Thorn_(1411)" title="Peace of Thorn (1411)">Thorn, First</a> (1411)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Eberswalde_(1415)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Eberswalde (1415) (page does not exist)">Eberswalde, First</a> (1415)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Melno" title="Treaty of Melno">Melno</a> (1422)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Perleberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Perleberg (page does not exist)">Perleberg</a> (1427)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Eberswalde_(1427)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Eberswalde (1427) (page does not exist)">Eberswalde, Second</a> (1427)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truce_of_%C5%81%C4%99czyca" title="Truce of Łęczyca">Łęczyca (1433)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Brze%C5%9B%C4%87_Kujawski" title="Peace of Brześć Kujawski">Brześć Kujawski</a> (1435)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Soldin_(1466)" title="Treaty of Soldin (1466)">Soldin (1466)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Peace_of_Thorn_(1466)" title="Second Peace of Thorn (1466)">Thorn, Second (1466)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Prenzlau" title="Treaty of Prenzlau">Prenzlau</a> (1448/1468/1472/1479)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Pyritz" title="Treaty of Pyritz">Pyritz</a> (1493)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1500–1700</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compromise_of_Thorn" title="Compromise of Thorn">Thorn</a> (1521)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Krak%C3%B3w" title="Treaty of Kraków">Kraków</a> (1525)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Grimnitz" title="Treaty of Grimnitz">Grimnitz</a> (1529)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Augsburg" title="Peace of Augsburg">Augsburg</a> (1555)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Lublin" title="Union of Lublin">Lublin</a> (1569)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Stettin_(1570)" title="Treaty of Stettin (1570)">Stettin (1570)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitulation_of_Franzburg" title="Capitulation of Franzburg">Franzburg</a> (1627)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Stettin_(1630)" title="Treaty of Stettin (1630)">Stettin (1630)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Westphalia" title="Peace of Westphalia">Westphalia</a> (1648)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Stettin_(1653)" title="Treaty of Stettin (1653)">Stettin (1653)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Labiau" title="Treaty of Labiau">Labiau</a> (1656)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Bromberg" title="Treaty of Bromberg">Wehlau and Bromberg</a> (1657)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Oliva" title="Treaty of Oliva">Oliva</a> (1660)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Saint-Germain-en-Laye_(1679)" title="Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1679)">Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1679)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Lund" title="Peace of Lund">Lund (1679)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1700–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaties_of_Stockholm_(Great_Northern_War)" title="Treaties of Stockholm (Great Northern War)">Stockholm</a> (1719 / 1720)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Frederiksborg" title="Treaty of Frederiksborg">Frederiksborg</a> (1720)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partitions_of_Poland" title="Partitions of Poland">Polish Partitions Treaties</a> (1772/1773, 1793, 1795)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaties_of_Tilsit" title="Treaties of Tilsit">Tilsit</a> (1807)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Kiel" title="Treaty of Kiel">Kiel</a> (1814)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Vienna" title="Congress of Vienna">Vienna</a> (1815)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_German_Confederation_Treaty" title="North German Confederation Treaty">North German Confederation Treaty</a> (1866)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Prague_(1866)" title="Peace of Prague (1866)">Peace of Prague (1866)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Versailles" title="Treaty of Versailles">Versailles</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concordat_of_1925" title="Concordat of 1925">Polish Concordat</a> (1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prussian_Concordat" title="Prussian Concordat">Prussian Concordat</a> (1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reichskonkordat" title="Reichskonkordat">Reichskonkordat</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/German%E2%80%93Soviet_Frontier_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="German–Soviet Frontier Treaty">Molotov–Ribbentrop</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potsdam_Agreement" title="Potsdam Agreement">Potsdam</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Zgorzelec" title="Treaty of Zgorzelec">Zgorzelec</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Moscow_(1970)" title="Treaty of Moscow (1970)">Moscow (1970)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Warsaw_(1970)" title="Treaty of Warsaw (1970)">Warsaw (1970)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Accords" title="Helsinki Accords">Helsinki Accords</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Pomerania" title="Bay of Pomerania">Polish-East German Maritime Border Agreement</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Final_Settlement_with_Respect_to_Germany" title="Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany">Two Plus Four</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_reunification#German_Reunification_Treaty" title="German reunification">German Reunification Treaty</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/German%E2%80%93Polish_Border_Treaty" title="German–Polish Border Treaty">German–Polish Border Treaty</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Good_Neighbourship" title="Treaty of Good Neighbourship">Treaty of Good Neighbourship</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concordat_of_1993" title="Concordat of 1993">Polish Concordat</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oder" title="Oder">Convention on the International Commission on the Protection of the Oder against Pollution</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_2003" title="Treaty of Accession 2003">Treaty of Accession 2003</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&oldid=1213502585">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&oldid=1213502585</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Battles_involving_Prussia" title="Category:Battles involving Prussia">Battles involving Prussia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sieges_of_the_Seven_Years%27_War" title="Category:Sieges of the Seven Years' War">Sieges of the Seven Years' War</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sieges_involving_Sweden" title="Category:Sieges involving Sweden">Sieges involving Sweden</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sieges_involving_Prussia" title="Category:Sieges involving Prussia">Sieges involving Prussia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Battles_of_the_Silesian_Wars" title="Category:Battles of the Silesian Wars">Battles of the Silesian Wars</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_vague_or_ambiguous_time" title="Category:All articles with vague or ambiguous time">All articles with vague or ambiguous time</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Vague_or_ambiguous_time_from_September_2023" title="Category:Vague or ambiguous time from September 2023">Vague or ambiguous time from September 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)">CS1 German-language sources (de)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1:_long_volume_value" title="Category:CS1: long volume value">CS1: long volume value</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Russian-language_sources_(ru)" title="Category:CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)">CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 13 March 2024, at 12:51<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-7ztkk","wgBackendResponseTime":175,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.820","walltime":"1.022","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5464,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":195305,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":17610,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":18,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":6,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":71162,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 845.447 1 -total"," 25.79% 218.017 3 Template:Infobox_military_conflict"," 16.30% 137.803 8 Template:Cite_book"," 12.75% 107.774 2 Template:Campaignbox"," 12.68% 107.179 1 Template:Campaignbox_Seven_Years'_War:_European"," 9.68% 81.858 7 Template:Efn"," 9.62% 81.366 11 Template:Sfn"," 9.33% 78.922 1 Template:Short_description"," 7.47% 63.155 1 Template:When"," 6.60% 55.770 8 Template:Plain_list"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.422","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":10412604,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFBuchholz2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBurk1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJaques2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStone2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSzabo2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTashlykov2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVelichkoNovitskySchwarzApushkin1913\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVierhaus1984\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWest2001\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"About\"] = 1,\n [\"Campaignbox Pomeranian War (1757–1762)\"] = 1,\n [\"Campaignbox Seven Years' War: European\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 8,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 1,\n [\"Clear\"] = 1,\n [\"Convert\"] = 1,\n [\"Coord\"] = 1,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Kolberg (Seven Years' War), Siege of\"] = 1,\n [\"Efn\"] = 7,\n [\"Flagdeco\"] = 15,\n [\"Flagicon\"] = 5,\n [\"Flagicon image\"] = 5,\n [\"Further\"] = 1,\n [\"Ill\"] = 2,\n [\"Infobox military conflict\"] = 3,\n [\"Multiple image\"] = 1,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"Plain list\"] = 8,\n [\"Pomeranian history\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Section link\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 11,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"When\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.codfw.main-7556f8b5dd-zmjdq","timestamp":"20241124201153","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Siege of Kolberg (Seven Years' War)","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Kolberg_(Seven_Years%27_War)","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2639377","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2639377","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2007-06-30T16:55:00Z","dateModified":"2024-03-13T12:51:51Z","headline":"three subsequent sieges in 1759, 1760 and 1761"}</script> </body> </html>