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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Profession</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Profession-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Film_industry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film_industry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Film industry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film_industry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Script_doctoring" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Script_doctoring"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Script doctoring</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Script_doctoring-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Development_process" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Development_process"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Development process</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Development_process-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Production_involvement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Production_involvement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Production involvement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Production_involvement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Unions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Salary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Salary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Salary</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Salary-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Salary subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Salary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Definitions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definitions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Definitions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definitions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Current_records" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_records"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Current records</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_records-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Screenwriter</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 78 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-78" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">78 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drehbuchautor" title="Drehbuchautor – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Drehbuchautor" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%88" title="كاتب سيناريو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كاتب سيناريو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guionista" title="Guionista – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Guionista" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guionista" title="Guionista – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Guionista" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ssenari_m%C3%BC%C9%99llifi" title="Ssenari müəllifi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ssenari müəllifi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="سناریست – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سناریست" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="চিত্রনাট্যকার – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চিত্রনাট্যকার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%A1%E2%81%BF-chok-ka" title="Iáⁿ-chok-ka – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Iáⁿ-chok-ka" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82" title="Сцэнарыст – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сцэнарыст" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82" title="Сцэнарыст – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сцэнарыст" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82" title="Сценарист – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сценарист" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scenarist" title="Scenarist – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Scenarist" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guionista" title="Guionista – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Guionista" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scen%C3%A1rista" title="Scenárista – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Scenárista" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sgriptiwr" title="Sgriptiwr – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Sgriptiwr" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuskriptforfatter" title="Manuskriptforfatter – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Manuskriptforfatter" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drehbuchautor" title="Drehbuchautor – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Drehbuchautor" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stsenarist" title="Stsenarist – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Stsenarist" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Σεναριογράφος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σεναριογράφος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guionista" title="Guionista – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Guionista" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scenaristo" title="Scenaristo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Scenaristo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gidoilari" title="Gidoilari – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gidoilari" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="فیلم‌نامه‌نویس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فیلم‌نامه‌نویس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sc%C3%A9nariste" title="Scénariste – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Scénariste" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senarioskriuwer" title="Senarioskriuwer – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Senarioskriuwer" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scaa-screeudeyr" title="Scaa-screeudeyr – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Scaa-screeudeyr" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guionista" title="Guionista – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Guionista" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B0%81%EB%B3%B8%EA%B0%80" title="각본가 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="각본가" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D6%81%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%BF" title="Սցենարիստ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սցենարիստ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%95" title="पटकथा लेखक – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पटकथा लेखक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scenarist" title="Scenarist – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Scenarist" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penulis_naskah" title="Penulis naskah – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Penulis naskah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handritsh%C3%B6fundur" title="Handritshöfundur – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Handritshöfundur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%A1%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%98%D7%90%D7%99" title="תסריטאי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תסריטאי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="სცენარისტი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სცენარისტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%88%D1%96" title="Сценарийші – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сценарийші" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82" title="Сценарист – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Сценарист" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scen%C4%81rists" title="Scenārists – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Scenārists" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr%C3%A9ibuchauteur" title="Dréibuchauteur – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Dréibuchauteur" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forgat%C3%B3k%C3%B6nyv%C3%ADr%C3%B3" title="Forgatókönyvíró – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Forgatókönyvíró" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82" title="Сценарист – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Сценарист" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%83%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D" title="തിരക്കഥാകൃത്ത് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="തിരക്കഥാകൃത്ത്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="სცენარისტი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სცენარისტი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="سيناريست – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سيناريست" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D9%88%D9%85%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="فیلم‌نومه‌نویس – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="فیلم‌نومه‌نویس" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penulis_skrip" title="Penulis skrip – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Penulis skrip" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scenarioschrijver" title="Scenarioschrijver – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Scenarioschrijver" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%84%9A%E6%9C%AC%E5%AE%B6" title="脚本家 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="脚本家" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82" title="Сценарист – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Сценарист" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manusforfatter" title="Manusforfatter – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Manusforfatter" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ssenariychi" title="Ssenariychi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ssenariychi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%95" title="ਸਕ੍ਰੀਨਲੇਖਕ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਕ੍ਰੀਨਲੇਖਕ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scenarzysta" title="Scenarzysta – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Scenarzysta" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roteirista" title="Roteirista – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Roteirista" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scenarist" title="Scenarist – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Scenarist" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Сценариста – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Сценариста" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82" title="Сценарист – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сценарист" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screenwriter" title="Screenwriter – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Screenwriter" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skenaristi" title="Skenaristi – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Skenaristi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screenwriter" title="Screenwriter – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Screenwriter" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scenarist" title="Scenarist – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Scenarist" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B3" title="سیناریۆنووس – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سیناریۆنووس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scenarista" title="Scenarista – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Scenarista" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scenarist" title="Scenarist – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Scenarist" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A4sikirjoittaja" title="Käsikirjoittaja – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Käsikirjoittaja" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manusf%C3%B6rfattare" title="Manusförfattare – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Manusförfattare" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="திரைக்கதை ஆசிரியர் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="திரைக்கதை ஆசிரியர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97" title="นักเขียนบท – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="นักเขียนบท" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Филмноманавис – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Филмноманавис" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senarist" title="Senarist – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Senarist" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82" title="Сценарист – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сценарист" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1_%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="منظر نویس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="منظر نویس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%C3%A0_bi%C3%AAn_k%E1%BB%8Bch" title="Nhà biên kịch – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nhà biên kịch" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BC%96%E5%89%A7" title="编剧 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="编剧" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%A6%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%A8_%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%A8" title="סצענאר שרייבער – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סצענאר שרייבער" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B7%A8%E5%8A%87" title="編劇 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="編劇" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senarist" title="Senarist – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Senarist" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Person who writes for films, TV shows, comics, and games</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output 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class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>This article has multiple issues.</b> Please help <b><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Screenwriter" title="Special:EditPage/Screenwriter">improve it</a></b> or discuss these issues on the <b><a href="/wiki/Talk:Screenwriter" title="Talk:Screenwriter">talk page</a></b>. <small><i>(<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>)</i></small> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Screenwriter" title="Special:EditPage/Screenwriter">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Screenwriter%22">"Screenwriter"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Screenwriter%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Screenwriter%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Screenwriter%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Screenwriter%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Screenwriter%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Globalize plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-globalize" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Globe icon." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_globe_content.svg/48px-Ambox_globe_content.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_globe_content.svg/73px-Ambox_globe_content.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_globe_content.svg/97px-Ambox_globe_content.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">The examples and perspective in this article <b>deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Countering systemic bias">worldwide view</a> of the subject</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> You may <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Screenwriter&action=edit">improve this article</a>, discuss the issue on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Screenwriter" title="Talk:Screenwriter">talk page</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_wizard" title="Wikipedia:Article wizard">create a new article</a>, as appropriate.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:18.0em;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="padding-bottom:0.1em;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Filmmaking" title="Category:Filmmaking">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#36454F;padding-bottom:0.1em;font-size:200%;font-weight:normal;color:white;"><a href="/wiki/Filmmaking" title="Filmmaking"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Filmmaking</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding:0.4em 0 0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Video-x-generic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Reel of film"><img alt="Reel of film" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/90px-Video-x-generic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/135px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/180px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Filmmaking#Development" title="Filmmaking">Development</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Step_outline" title="Step outline">Step outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_treatment" title="Film treatment">Film treatment</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scriptment" title="Scriptment">Scriptment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screenplay" title="Screenplay">Screenplay</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_finance" title="Film finance">Film finance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_budgeting" title="Film budgeting">Film budgeting</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Green-light" class="mw-redirect" title="Green-light">Green-light</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Pre-production" title="Pre-production">Pre-production</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breaking_down_the_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Breaking down the script">Breaking down the script</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Script_breakdown" title="Script breakdown">Script breakdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storyboard" title="Storyboard">Storyboard</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Production_board" title="Production board">Production board</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Production_strip" class="mw-redirect" title="Production strip">Production strip</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Day_out_of_Days_(filmmaking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Day out of Days (filmmaking)">Day Out of Days</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Production_schedule" title="Production schedule">Production schedule</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_liner_schedule" title="One liner schedule">One liner schedule</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_schedule" title="Shooting schedule">Shooting schedule</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Production</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinematography" title="Cinematography">Cinematography</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Principal_photography" title="Principal photography">Principal photography</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Videography" title="Videography">Videography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_script" title="Shooting script">Shooting script</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_inventory_report" title="Film inventory report">Film inventory report</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daily_call_sheet" title="Daily call sheet">Daily call sheet</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Production_report" title="Production report">Production report</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daily_production_report" title="Daily production report">Daily production report</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daily_progress_report" title="Daily progress report">Daily progress report</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daily_editor_log" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily editor log">Daily editor log</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_report" title="Sound report">Sound report</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Cost report</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Post-production" title="Post-production">Post-production</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_editing" title="Film editing">Film editing</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Re-recording_(filmmaking)" title="Re-recording (filmmaking)">Re-recording</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sync_sound" title="Sync sound">Sync sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soundtrack" title="Soundtrack">Soundtrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_score" title="Film score">Music</a></li></ul> <div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em; line-height:1.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Special_effect" title="Special effect">Special effects</a> <div class="hlist"><ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/Sound_effect" title="Sound effect">sound</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Visual_effects" title="Visual effects">visual</a>)</li></ul></div></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Negative_cost" title="Negative cost">Negative cost</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Film_distribution" title="Film distribution">Distribution</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_distribution" title="Film distribution">Distribution</a></li></ul> <div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em; line-height:1.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Film_release" class="mw-redirect" title="Film release">Film release</a> <div class="hlist"><ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/Wide_release" title="Wide release">wide</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Limited_release" class="mw-redirect" title="Limited release">limited</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Delayed_release_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Delayed release (film)">delayed</a>)</li></ul></div></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roadshow_theatrical_release" title="Roadshow theatrical release">Roadshow</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Film history">Film history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filmography" title="Filmography">Filmography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_filmmaking" title="Guerrilla filmmaking">Guerrilla filmmaking</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <b><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_motion_picture_terms" title="Glossary of motion picture terms">Glossary</a></b></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">See also</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_crew" title="Film crew">Film crew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hook_(filmmaking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hook (filmmaking)">Hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitch_(filmmaking)" title="Pitch (filmmaking)">Pitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screenwriting" title="Screenwriting">Screenwriting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spec_script" title="Spec script">Spec script</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:0.1em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;font-size:smaller;"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/16px-Video-x-generic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/24px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/32px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Film" title="Portal:Film">Film portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Filmmaking_sidebar" title="Template:Filmmaking sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Filmmaking_sidebar" title="Template talk:Filmmaking sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Filmmaking_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Filmmaking sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Screenplay_example.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Screenplay_example.svg/250px-Screenplay_example.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="324" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Screenplay_example.svg/375px-Screenplay_example.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Screenplay_example.svg/500px-Screenplay_example.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="612" data-file-height="792" /></a><figcaption>A page of a screenplay, showcasing character dialogue, scene transitions, sluglines, and action lines</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>screenwriter</b> (also called <b>scriptwriter</b>, <b>scribe</b>, or <b>scenarist</b>) is someone who practices the craft of writing for visual mass media, known as <a href="/wiki/Screenwriting" title="Screenwriting">screenwriting</a>. These can include short films, feature-length films, television programs, television commercials, video games, and the growing area of online web series.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terminology">Terminology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Screenwriter&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Terminology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Screenplay#History" title="Screenplay">Screenplay § History</a></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Silent_era" class="mw-redirect" title="Silent era">silent era</a>, screenwriters were denoted by terms such as <b>photoplaywright</b>, <b>photoplay writer</b>, <b>photoplay dramatist</b>, and <b>screen playwright</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-Maras_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Maras-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Screenwriting historian Steven Maras notes that these early writers were often understood as being the authors of the films as shown, and argues that they could not be precisely equated with present-day screenwriters because they were responsible for a technical product, a brief "<a href="/wiki/Film_scenario" class="mw-redirect" title="Film scenario">scenario</a>", "treatment", or "synopsis" that is a written synopsis of what is to be filmed.<sup id="cite_ref-Maras_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Maras-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Profession">Profession</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Screenwriter&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Profession"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Screenwriting is a contracted freelance profession, not a hired position. No education is required to be a professional screenwriter, but good <a href="/wiki/Storytelling" title="Storytelling">storytelling</a> abilities and <a href="/wiki/Imagination" title="Imagination">imagination</a> give aspiring screenwriters an advantage. Many screenwriters start their careers doing <a href="/wiki/Speculative_work" title="Speculative work">speculative work</a> ("work on spec"), practicing their screenwriting with no guaranteed financial compensation. If one of these scripts is sold, it is called a <a href="/wiki/Spec_script" title="Spec script">spec script</a>. Amateur screenwriters will often pursue this work as "writers in training," leading these spec scripts to often go uncredited or come from unknown screenwriters. </p><p>Further separating professional and amateur screenwriters is that professionals are usually represented by a <a href="/wiki/Talent_agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Talent agency">talent agency</a>. These screenwriter-specific employment agencies work to handle the business side of the screenwriting job, typically taking on legal, financial, and other important representative roles for the screenwriter.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These professional screenwriters rarely work for free. </p><p>There are a legion of would-be screenwriters who attempt to enter the <a href="/wiki/Film_industry" title="Film industry">film industry</a>, but it often takes years of trial and error, failure, and gritty persistence to achieve success. In <i>Writing Screenplays that Sell</i>, Michael Hague writes, "Screenplays have become, for the last half of [the twentieth] century, what the <a href="/wiki/Great_American_Novel" title="Great American Novel">Great American Novel</a> was for the first half. Closet writers who used to dream of the glory of getting into print now dream of seeing their story on the big or small screen."<sup id="cite_ref-Hauge_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hauge-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Film_industry">Film industry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Screenwriter&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Film industry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Every screenplay and teleplay begins with a thought or idea, and screenwriters use their ideas to write scripts, with the intention of selling them and having them produced.<sup id="cite_ref-Ferguson_2009_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ferguson_2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some cases the script is based on an existing property, such as a book or person's life story, which is adapted by the screenwriter. In most cases, a film project is initiated by a screenwriter. The initiator of the project gets the exclusive writing assignment.<sup id="cite_ref-Ferguson_2009_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ferguson_2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are referred to as "exclusive" assignments or "pitched" assignments. Screenwriters who often pitch new projects, whether original or an adaptation, often do not have to worry about competing for assignments and are often more successful. When word is put out about a project that a <a href="/wiki/Film_studio" title="Film studio">film studio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Production_company" title="Production company">production company</a>, or producer wants done, they are referred to as "open" assignments. Open assignments are more competitive. If screenwriters are competing for an open assignment, more established writers usually win the assignments. A screenwriter can also be approached and personally offered a writing assignment. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Script_doctoring">Script doctoring</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Screenwriter&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Script doctoring"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many screenwriters also work as full- or part-time <a href="/wiki/Script_doctor" title="Script doctor">script doctors</a>, attempting to better a script to suit the desires of a director or <a href="/wiki/Movie_studio" class="mw-redirect" title="Movie studio">studio</a>. For instance, studio management may have a complaint that the motivations of the characters are unclear or that the dialogue is weak. </p><p>Hollywood has shifted writers onto and off projects since its earliest days, and the assignment of credits is not always straightforward or complete, which poses a problem for film study. In his book <i>Talking Pictures</i>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Corliss" title="Richard Corliss">Richard Corliss</a> discussed the historian's dilemma: "A writer may be given screen credit for work he didn't do (as with <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Buchman" title="Sidney Buchman">Sidney Buchman</a> on <i><a href="/wiki/Holiday_(1938_film)" title="Holiday (1938 film)">Holiday</a></i>), or be denied credit for work he did do (as with Sidney Buchman on <i><a href="/wiki/The_Awful_Truth" title="The Awful Truth">The Awful Truth</a></i>)."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development_process">Development process</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Screenwriter&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Development process"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After a screenwriter finishes a project, they pair with an industry-based representative, such as a producer, director, <a href="/wiki/Literary_agent" title="Literary agent">literary agent</a>, entertainment lawyer, or entertainment executive. The partnerships often pitch their project to investors or others in a position to further a project. Once the script is sold, the writer has only the rights that were agreed with the purchaser.<sup id="cite_ref-Ferguson_2009_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ferguson_2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A screenwriter becomes credible by having work that is recognized, which gives the writer the opportunity to earn a higher income.<sup id="cite_ref-Ferguson_2009_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ferguson_2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As more films are produced independently (outside the studio system), many up-and-coming screenwriters are turning to pitch fests, screenplay contests, and independent development services to gain access to established and credible independent producers. Many development executives are now working independently to incubate their own pet projects. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production_involvement">Production involvement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Screenwriter&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Production involvement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Screenwriters are rarely involved in the production of a film. Sometimes they come on as advisors, or if they are established, as a producer. Some screenwriters also direct. Although many scripts are sold each year, many do not make it into production because the number of scripts that are purchased every year exceeds the number of professional directors that are working in the film and <a href="/wiki/TV_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="TV industry">TV industry</a>. When a screenwriter finishes a project and sells it to a <a href="/wiki/Film_studio" title="Film studio">film studio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Production_company" title="Production company">production company</a>, TV network, or producer, they often have to continue networking, mainly with directors or executives, and push to have their projects "chosen" and turned into films or TV shows. If interest in a script begins to fade, a project can go dead. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Unions">Unions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Screenwriter&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Unions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/International_Affiliation_of_Writers_Guilds" title="International Affiliation of Writers Guilds">International Affiliation of Writers Guilds</a> (IAWG) is the international federation of screenwriters' and playwrights' unions, who recognize union membership across international borders. They have 14 different affiliates across various nations who collectively work to verify original authorship, fight for fair compensation, and enforce copyright.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most professional screenwriters in the U.S. are <a href="/wiki/Unionized" class="mw-redirect" title="Unionized">unionized</a> and are represented by the <a href="/wiki/Writers_Guild_of_America" title="Writers Guild of America">Writers Guild of America</a> (WGA). Although membership in the WGA is recommended, it is not required of a screenwriter to join. The WGA is the final arbiter on awarding <a href="/wiki/WGA_screenwriting_credit_system" title="WGA screenwriting credit system">writing credit</a> for projects under its jurisdiction. The WGA also looks upon and verifies film copyright materials.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other notable screenwriters' unions include the <a href="/wiki/Writers%27_Guild_of_Great_Britain" title="Writers' Guild of Great Britain">Writers' Guild of Great Britain</a>, representing screenwriters in the UK, and La Guilde Française des Scénaristes, representing screenwriters in France. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Salary">Salary</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Screenwriter&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Salary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Minimum salaries for union screenwriters in the US are set by the <a href="/wiki/Writers_Guild_of_America" title="Writers Guild of America">Writers Guild of America</a>. The median compensation for a first draft from a first time screenwriter is $100,000, while the most experienced members have a median compensation of $450,000. The most experienced WGA members have reported up to $4,000,0000 compensation for a first draft. Multi-step deals, where the writer is signed on for more than the first draft (typically including a rewrite) can earn a screenwriter more, with experienced WGA members earning up to $5,000,000 for their work.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Non-union screenwriters can also work for a salary, but will typically earn less than a unionized screenwriter. Pay can vary dramatically for a non-unionized screenwriter. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Definitions">Definitions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Screenwriter&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Definitions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Screenwriter" title="Special:EditPage/Screenwriter">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2014</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><b>Against</b>: A word used to describe a script's unproduced price relative to its value if approved for production—for example, if a script is sold for $300,000, but the writer gains an extra $200,000 if it leads to production, the screenwriter's salary is described as "$300,000 against $500,000".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Option_(filmmaking)" title="Option (filmmaking)">Option</a></b>: If a script is not purchased, it may be optioned. An option is money paid in exchange for the right (the "option") to produce—and therefore to purchase outright—a screenplay, treatment, or other work within a certain period.</li> <li><b>Feature assignment</b>: The writer writes the script on assignment under contract with a studio, production company, or individual.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Pitch_(filmmaking)" title="Pitch (filmmaking)">Pitch</a></b>: The writer holds a five- to twenty-minute presentation of the film to buyers in a short meeting.</li> <li><b>Rewriting</b>: The writer rewrites someone else's script for pay. The writer pitches their "take", much like they would an original pitch.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Spec_script" title="Spec script">Spec script</a></b>: Short for "speculative" or "on speculation" as in; "She wrote her script on spec". The writer writes the script (original or someone else's idea) without being paid, and, subsequently, tries to sell it.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History">History</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Screenwriter&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>1900</b>: One of the U.S.'s first screenwriters, New York journalist <a href="/wiki/Roy_McCardell" title="Roy McCardell">Roy McCardell</a>, is hired to write ten scenarios (each about 90 seconds long) for $15 each (equivalent to $549 in 2023).<sup id="cite_ref-inflation-US_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>1949</b>: <a href="/wiki/Ben_Hecht" title="Ben Hecht">Ben Hecht</a> is paid $10,000 a week (about $128,056 in 2023).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Claims <a href="/wiki/David_O._Selznick" title="David O. Selznick">David O. Selznick</a> paid him $3,500 a day (about $44,800 in 2023).</li> <li><b>1984</b>: <a href="/wiki/Shane_Black" title="Shane Black">Shane Black</a> sells the screenplay to <i><a href="/wiki/Lethal_Weapon" title="Lethal Weapon">Lethal Weapon</a></i> for $250,000.</li> <li><b>1990</b>: Kathy McWorter, who was promoted by her agent as a 21-year-old <i>wunderkind</i>, though in fact she was 28 years old, sells her sex comedy <i>The Cheese Stands Alone</i> for $1 million.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was followed by nuclear-terrorist technothriller <i>The Ultimatum</i> by <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Dworet" title="Laurence Dworet">Laurence Dworet</a> and Robert Roy Pool, and WWII action comedy <i>Hell Bent... and Back!</i> by <a href="/wiki/Doug_Richardson" title="Doug Richardson">Doug Richardson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rick_Jaffa" class="mw-redirect" title="Rick Jaffa">Rick Jaffa</a>, both of which sold for a million dollars. None of these movies has been produced so far.</li> <li><b>1992</b>: <a href="/wiki/Sherry_Lansing" title="Sherry Lansing">Sherry Lansing</a> is hired<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to run <a href="/wiki/Paramount_Pictures" title="Paramount Pictures">Paramount</a> and spends $3.6 million in less than a week, $2.5 million for a two-page outline of <i><a href="/wiki/Jade_(1995_film)" title="Jade (1995 film)">Jade</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Joe_Eszterhas" title="Joe Eszterhas">Joe Eszterhas</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and $1.1 million (about $1,968,366 in 2018) for the script <i><a href="/wiki/Milk_Money_(film)" title="Milk Money (film)">Milk Money</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/John_Mattson" title="John Mattson">John Mattson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MiMo_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MiMo-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both deals are records, respectively, for outlines and romantic comedy specs.</li> <li><b>2005</b>: <a href="/wiki/Terry_Rossio" title="Terry Rossio">Terry Rossio</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bill_Marsilii" title="Bill Marsilii">Bill Marsilii</a> are paid $3 million against $5 million for the script of <i><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_Vu_(2006_film)" title="Déjà Vu (2006 film)">Déjà Vu</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-latimes_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-latimes-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_records">Current records</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Screenwriter&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Current records"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some of the highest amounts paid to writers for spec screenplays: </p><p><b>$5 million:</b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_Vu_(2006_film)" title="Déjà Vu (2006 film)">Déjà Vu</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Terry_Rossio" title="Terry Rossio">Terry Rossio</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bill_Marsilii" title="Bill Marsilii">Bill Marsilii</a><sup id="cite_ref-latimes_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-latimes-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p><b>$2 million:</b> </p> <ul><li><i>Arthur & Lancelot</i> <b>(unproduced)</b> by <a href="/wiki/David_Dobkin_(director)" title="David Dobkin (director)">David Dobkin</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p><b>$1 million:</b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Milk_Money_(film)" title="Milk Money (film)">Milk Money</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/John_Mattson" title="John Mattson">John Mattson</a> ($1.1 million, outright purchase<sup id="cite_ref-MiMo_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MiMo-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li> <li><i>Epsilon</i> <b>(unproduced)</b> by <a href="/wiki/Rhett_Reese" title="Rhett Reese">Rhett Reese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Wernick" title="Paul Wernick">Paul Wernick</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ("Sources say the Sony deal closed in the $1 million range."<sup id="cite_ref-:0_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Imitation_Game" title="The Imitation Game">The Imitation Game</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Graham_Moore_(writer)" title="Graham Moore (writer)">Graham Moore</a>, at "seven figures" to <a href="/wiki/Warner_Brothers" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner Brothers">Warner Brothers</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Screenwriter&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_crew" title="Film crew">Film crew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First-look_deal" title="First-look deal">First-look deal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_screenwriters" title="Lists of screenwriters">Lists of screenwriters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_screenwriting_software" class="mw-redirect" title="List of screenwriting software">List of screenwriting software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playwright" title="Playwright">Playwright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Script_(comics)" title="Script (comics)">Script (comics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Showrunner" title="Showrunner">Showrunner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_crew" title="Television crew">Television crew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_director" title="Television director">Television director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_program_creator" class="mw-redirect" title="Television program creator">Television program creator</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Screenwriter&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFChen2021" class="citation web cs1">Chen, Jeff (14 March 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nfi.edu/screenwriter/">"Screenwriter: Everything You Need to Know"</a>. <i>NFI</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NFI&rft.atitle=Screenwriter%3A+Everything+You+Need+to+Know&rft.date=2021-03-14&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nfi.edu%2Fscreenwriter%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScreenwriter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Maras-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Maras_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Maras_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Maras, Steven. <i>Screenwriting: History, Theory and Practice</i>, Wallflower Press, 2009, pp. 82–85. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781905674824" title="Special:BookSources/9781905674824">9781905674824</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBielbyBielby1999" class="citation journal cs1">Bielby, William T.; Bielby, Denise D. (February 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/000312249906400106">"Organizational Mediation of Project-Based Labor Markets: Talent Agencies and the Careers of Screenwriters"</a>. <i>American Sociological Review</i>. <b>64</b> (1): 64–85. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F000312249906400106">10.1177/000312249906400106</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0003-1224">0003-1224</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Sociological+Review&rft.atitle=Organizational+Mediation+of+Project-Based+Labor+Markets%3A+Talent+Agencies+and+the+Careers+of+Screenwriters&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=64-85&rft.date=1999-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F000312249906400106&rft.issn=0003-1224&rft.aulast=Bielby&rft.aufirst=William+T.&rft.au=Bielby%2C+Denise+D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1177%2F000312249906400106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScreenwriter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hauge-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hauge_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHauge1991" class="citation book cs1">Hauge, Michael (1991). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/writingscreenpla00haug_0"><i>Writing Screenplays That Sell</i></a></span>. HarperPerennial. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780062725004" title="Special:BookSources/9780062725004"><bdi>9780062725004</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Writing+Screenplays+That+Sell&rft.pub=HarperPerennial&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9780062725004&rft.aulast=Hauge&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwritingscreenpla00haug_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScreenwriter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ferguson_2009-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ferguson_2009_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ferguson_2009_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ferguson_2009_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ferguson_2009_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFerguson2009" class="citation journal cs1">Ferguson, Brooks (17 April 2009). "Creativity and integrity: Marketing the "in development" screenplay". <i>Psychology and Marketing</i>. <b>26</b> (5): 421–444. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fmar.20281">10.1002/mar.20281</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychology+and+Marketing&rft.atitle=Creativity+and+integrity%3A+Marketing+the+%22in+development%22+screenplay&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=421-444&rft.date=2009-04-17&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fmar.20281&rft.aulast=Ferguson&rft.aufirst=Brooks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScreenwriter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Corliss, Richard. <i>Talking Pictures: Screenwriters in the American Cinema, 1927–1973</i>, Overlook Books, 1974, p. 78</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iawg.org/index.html">"International Affiliation of Writers Guilds"</a>. <i>iawg.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=iawg.org&rft.atitle=International+Affiliation+of+Writers+Guilds&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fiawg.org%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScreenwriter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wga.org/">"Writers Guild America West"</a>. <i>www.wga.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.wga.org&rft.atitle=Writers+Guild+America+West&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wga.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScreenwriter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wga.org/members/employment-resources/writers-deal-hub/screen-compensation-guide">"Screen Compensation Guide"</a>. <i>www.wga.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.wga.org&rft.atitle=Screen+Compensation+Guide&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wga.org%2Fmembers%2Femployment-resources%2Fwriters-deal-hub%2Fscreen-compensation-guide&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScreenwriter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-inflation-US-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-inflation-US_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">1634–1699: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCusker1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_J._McCusker" title="John J. McCusker">McCusker, J. J.</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/44525121.pdf"><i>How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/American_Antiquarian_Society" title="American Antiquarian Society">American Antiquarian Society</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+Much+Is+That+in+Real+Money%3F+A+Historical+Price+Index+for+Use+as+a+Deflator+of+Money+Values+in+the+Economy+of+the+United+States%3A+Addenda+et+Corrigenda&rft.pub=American+Antiquarian+Society&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=McCusker&rft.aufirst=J.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanantiquarian.org%2Fproceedings%2F44525121.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScreenwriter" class="Z3988"></span> 1700–1799: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCusker1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_J._McCusker" title="John J. McCusker">McCusker, J. J.</a> (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/44517778.pdf"><i>How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/American_Antiquarian_Society" title="American Antiquarian Society">American Antiquarian Society</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+Much+Is+That+in+Real+Money%3F+A+Historical+Price+Index+for+Use+as+a+Deflator+of+Money+Values+in+the+Economy+of+the+United+States&rft.pub=American+Antiquarian+Society&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=McCusker&rft.aufirst=J.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanantiquarian.org%2Fproceedings%2F44517778.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScreenwriter" class="Z3988"></span> 1800–present: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFederal_Reserve_Bank_of_Minneapolis" class="citation web cs1">Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.minneapolisfed.org/about-us/monetary-policy/inflation-calculator/consumer-price-index-1800-">"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Consumer+Price+Index+%28estimate%29+1800%E2%80%93&rft.au=Federal+Reserve+Bank+of+Minneapolis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.minneapolisfed.org%2Fabout-us%2Fmonetary-policy%2Finflation-calculator%2Fconsumer-price-index-1800-&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScreenwriter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0372942/bio">"Ben Hecht"</a>. <i>IMDb</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMDb&rft.atitle=Ben+Hecht&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Fname%2Fnm0372942%2Fbio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScreenwriter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2001/12/09/movies/film-screenwriters-adjust-to-being-bit-players-again.html?pagewanted=2">"Screenwriters Adjust to Being Bit Players Again"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. 9 December 2001.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Screenwriters+Adjust+to+Being+Bit+Players+Again&rft.date=2001-12-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2001%2F12%2F09%2Fmovies%2Ffilm-screenwriters-adjust-to-being-bit-players-again.html%3Fpagewanted%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScreenwriter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLowry1992" class="citation web cs1">Lowry, Brian (5 November 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://variety.com/1992/film/news/lansing-in-new-par-pic-post-100695/">"Lansing in new Par pic post"</a>. <i>Variety</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Lansing+in+new+Par+pic+post&rft.date=1992-11-05&rft.aulast=Lowry&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F1992%2Ffilm%2Fnews%2Flansing-in-new-par-pic-post-100695%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScreenwriter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarx1992" class="citation web cs1">Marx, Andy (9 November 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://variety.com/1992/film/news/jade-deal-a-2-5-mil-gem-100619/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Jade' deal a $2.5 mil gem"</a>. <i>Variety</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=%27Jade%27+deal+a+%242.5+mil+gem&rft.date=1992-11-09&rft.aulast=Marx&rft.aufirst=Andy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F1992%2Ffilm%2Fnews%2Fjade-deal-a-2-5-mil-gem-100619%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScreenwriter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MiMo-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MiMo_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MiMo_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEller1992" class="citation web cs1">Eller, Claudia (13 November 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://variety.com/1992/film/news/par-in-money-as-ddlc-riled-100574/">"Par in 'Money' as DDLC riled"</a>. <i>Variety</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Par+in+%27Money%27+as+DDLC+riled&rft.date=1992-11-13&rft.aulast=Eller&rft.aufirst=Claudia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F1992%2Ffilm%2Fnews%2Fpar-in-money-as-ddlc-riled-100574%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScreenwriter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-latimes-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-latimes_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-latimes_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee2005" class="citation web cs1">Lee, Chris (16 May 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2005-may-16-et-writers16-story.html">"A tale of Hollywood e-harmony"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=A+tale+of+Hollywood+e-harmony&rft.date=2005-05-16&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-2005-may-16-et-writers16-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScreenwriter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMyers" class="citation web cs1">Myers, Scott. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gointothestory.blcklst.com/2011/06/spec-script-sale-king-arthur.html">"Spec Script Sale: "Arthur & Lancelot"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Go into The Story<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 November</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Spec+Script+Sale%3A+%22Arthur+%26+Lancelot%22&rft.pub=Go+into+The+Story&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgointothestory.blcklst.com%2F2011%2F06%2Fspec-script-sale-king-arthur.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScreenwriter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKit2012" class="citation web cs1">Kit, Borys (12 September 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/zombieland-rhett-reese-paul-wernick-sci-fi-movies-369701">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Zombieland' Writers Sell Sci-Fi Project 'Epsilon' to Sony (Exclusive)"</a>. <i>The Hollywood Reporter</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 November</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=%27Zombieland%27+Writers+Sell+Sci-Fi+Project+%27Epsilon%27+to+Sony+%28Exclusive%29&rft.date=2012-09-12&rft.aulast=Kit&rft.aufirst=Borys&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fheat-vision%2Fzombieland-rhett-reese-paul-wernick-sci-fi-movies-369701&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScreenwriter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFinke2011" class="citation web cs1">Finke, Nikki (12 October 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deadline.com/2011/10/warner-bros-buys-spec-script-about-math-genius-biopic-because-leonardo-di-caprio-chasing-lead-role-181822/">"Warner Bros Buys Spec Script About Math Genius Alan Turing For Leonardo DiCaprio"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Warner+Bros+Buys+Spec+Script+About+Math+Genius+Alan+Turing+For+Leonardo+DiCaprio&rft.date=2011-10-12&rft.aulast=Finke&rft.aufirst=Nikki&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeadline.com%2F2011%2F10%2Fwarner-bros-buys-spec-script-about-math-genius-biopic-because-leonardo-di-caprio-chasing-lead-role-181822%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScreenwriter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Screenwriter&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Screenwriters" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Screenwriters">Screenwriters</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gointothestory.com/2009/01/spec-script-sales-analysis-2008-big.html">Spec Script Sales Analysis 2008: Top Sales</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Film_crew_(filmmaking)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Film_crew" title="Template:Film crew"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Film_crew" title="Template talk:Film crew"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Film_crew" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Film crew"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Film_crew_(filmmaking)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Film_crew" title="Film crew">Film crew</a> (<a href="/wiki/Filmmaking" title="Filmmaking">filmmaking</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Above_the_line" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Above-the-line_(filmmaking)" title="Above-the-line (filmmaking)">Above the line</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Actor" title="Actor">Actor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leading_actor" title="Leading actor">Leading actor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supporting_actor" title="Supporting actor">Supporting actor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ensemble_cast" title="Ensemble cast">Ensemble cast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_actor" title="Character actor">Character actor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_actor" title="Child actor">Child actor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameo_appearance" title="Cameo appearance">Cameo actor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bit_part" title="Bit part">Bit actor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Under-five" title="Under-five">Under-five</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_acting" title="Voice acting">Voice actor</a></li></ul></li> <li><br /><a href="/wiki/Film_director" title="Film director">Film director</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Screenwriter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_producer" title="Film producer">Film producer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Executive_producer" title="Executive producer">Executive producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Line_producer" title="Line producer">Line producer</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Below_the_line" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Below-the-line_(filmmaking)" title="Below-the-line (filmmaking)">Below the line</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Pre-production/Production" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pre-production" title="Pre-production">Pre-production</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Principal_photography" title="Principal photography">Production</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unit_production_manager" title="Unit production manager">Unit production manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_coordinator" title="Production coordinator">Production coordinator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_accountant" class="mw-redirect" title="Production accountant">Production accountant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_director" title="Assistant director">Assistant director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_assistant" title="Production assistant">Production assistant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Script_supervisor" title="Script supervisor">Script supervisor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Script_coordinator" title="Script coordinator">Script coordinator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casting_(performing_arts)" title="Casting (performing arts)">Casting director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Location_manager" title="Location manager">Location manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Location_scouting" title="Location scouting">Location scout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storyboard_artist" title="Storyboard artist">Storyboard artist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Principal_photography" title="Principal photography">Photography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinematographer" title="Cinematographer">Cinematographer / director of photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camera_operator" title="Camera operator">Camera operator</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Focus_puller" title="Focus puller">Focus puller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clapper_loader" title="Clapper loader">Clapper loader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steadicam" title="Steadicam">Steadicam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_imaging_technician" title="Digital imaging technician">Digital imaging technician</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_unit" title="Second unit">Second unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaffer_(occupation)" title="Gaffer (occupation)">Gaffer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Best_boy" title="Best boy">Best boy electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lighting_technician" title="Lighting technician">Lighting technician</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Key_grip" title="Key grip">Key grip</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Best_boy" title="Best boy">Best boy grip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolly_grip" title="Dolly grip">Dolly grip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grip_(occupation)" title="Grip (occupation)">Grip</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Production <br /> design</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Set_(film_and_TV_scenery)" title="Set (film and TV scenery)">Sets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Production_designer" title="Production designer">Production designer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_director#In_film" title="Art director">Art director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Set_decorator" title="Set decorator">Set decorator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Set_dresser" title="Set dresser">Set dresser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swing_gang" title="Swing gang">Swing gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matte_painting" title="Matte painting">Matte painter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scenic_design" title="Scenic design">Scenic design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greensman" title="Greensman">Greensman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Props" class="mw-redirect" title="Props">Props</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Property_master" title="Property master">Property master</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weapons_master" title="Weapons master">Weapons master</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Costume" title="Costume">Wardrobe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Costume_designer" title="Costume designer">Costume designer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wardrobe_supervisor" title="Wardrobe supervisor">Wardrobe supervisor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special_effect" title="Special effect">Special<br />effects</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_effects_supervisor" title="Special effects supervisor">Special effects supervisor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_effects_supervisor" title="Visual effects supervisor">Visual effects supervisor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hairdresser" title="Hairdresser">Hairdresser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Make-up_artist" title="Make-up artist">Make-up artist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sound_design" title="Sound design">Sound</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_audiography" title="Director of audiography">Director of audiography / sound director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_sound_mixer" title="Production sound mixer">Production sound mixer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boom_operator_(media)" title="Boom operator (media)">Boom operator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utility_sound_technician" title="Utility sound technician">Utility sound technician</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Animation_department" title="Animation department">Animation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animator" title="Animator">Animator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_effects" title="Visual effects">Visual effects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conceptual_model" title="Conceptual model">Modeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skeletal_animation" title="Skeletal animation">Rigging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Layout_artist" class="mw-redirect" title="Layout artist">Layout artist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Talent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Acting" title="Acting">Acting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acting_coach" title="Acting coach">Acting coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_double" class="mw-redirect" title="Body double">Body double</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialect_coach" title="Dialect coach">Dialect coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_director" title="Movement director">Movement director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choreography" title="Choreography">Choreographer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extra_(acting)" title="Extra (acting)">Extra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talent_agent" title="Talent agent">Talent agent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stand-in" title="Stand-in">Stand-in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acting_instructor" title="Acting instructor">Acting instructor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intimacy_coordinator" title="Intimacy coordinator">Intimacy coordinator</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Stunts" class="mw-redirect" title="Stunts">Stunts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stunt_coordinator" title="Stunt coordinator">Stunt coordinator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stunt_double" class="mw-redirect" title="Stunt double">Stunt double</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stunt_performer" title="Stunt performer">Stunt performer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_combat" title="Stage combat">Stage combat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wrangler_(profession)#Film_industry" title="Wrangler (profession)">Animal wrangler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Post-production" title="Post-production">Post-production</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Picture" class="mw-redirect" title="Picture">Picture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_editing" title="Film editing">Film editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_grading" title="Color grading">Colorist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sound_design" title="Sound design">Sound</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sound_editor_(filmmaking)" title="Sound editor (filmmaking)">Sound editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialogue_editor" title="Dialogue editor">Dialogue editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Re-recording_mixer" title="Re-recording mixer">Re-recording mixer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foley_(filmmaking)" title="Foley (filmmaking)">Foley artist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Voice_foley" title="Voice foley">Voice foley</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubbing_(filmmaking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dubbing (filmmaking)">Dubbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubbing_(filmmaking)#ADR/post-sync" class="mw-redirect" title="Dubbing (filmmaking)">ADR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubbing_(filmmaking)#Subtitles" class="mw-redirect" title="Dubbing (filmmaking)">Subtitles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Film_score" title="Film score">Score</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Composer" title="Composer">Composer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_supervisor" title="Music supervisor">Music supervisor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_editor_(filmmaking)" title="Music editor (filmmaking)">Music editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchestration" title="Orchestration">Orchestrator</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Visual_effects" title="Visual effects">Visual<br />effects</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VFX_creative_director" title="VFX creative director">VFX creative director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_effects" title="Visual effects">Visual effects editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compositing" title="Compositing">Compositor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer-generated_imagery" title="Computer-generated imagery">Computer-generated imagery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rendering_(computer_graphics)" title="Rendering (computer graphics)">Rendering</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Technical_director#Film" title="Technical director">Technical director</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unit_still_photographer" title="Unit still photographer">Unit still photographer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craft_services" class="mw-redirect" title="Craft services">Craft services</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Television_production" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:TV_production" title="Template:TV production"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:TV_production" title="Template talk:TV production"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:TV_production" title="Special:EditPage/Template:TV production"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Television_production" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Television_production" class="mw-redirect" title="Television production">Television production</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Main / general</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audience" title="Audience">Audience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_network" title="Broadcast network">Broadcast network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_television" title="History of television">History of television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_crew" title="Television crew">Television crew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_show" title="Television show">Television show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_studio" title="Television studio">Television studio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_apparatus_room" title="Central apparatus room">Central apparatus room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changing_room" title="Changing room">Changing room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_control" title="Master control">Master control room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_operations_center" title="Network operations center">Network operations center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_control_room" title="Production control room">Production control room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_(theatre)" title="Stage (theatre)">Stage (theatre)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_control_room" title="Transmission control room">Transmission control room</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Profiles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celebrity" title="Celebrity">Celebrity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_network_programming" title="Director of network programming">Director of network programming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_host" class="mw-redirect" title="Television host">Host</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/News_presenter" title="News presenter">News presenter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_commentator" title="Sports commentator">Sports commentator</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_director" title="News director">News director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Showrunner" title="Showrunner">Showrunner</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casting_director" class="mw-redirect" title="Casting director">Casting director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costume_designer" title="Costume designer">Costume designer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_director" title="Television director">TV director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_director" title="Assistant director">Assistant director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Location_manager" title="Location manager">Location manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Make-up_artist" title="Make-up artist">Make-up artist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_designer" title="Production designer">Production designer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Researcher" class="mw-redirect" title="Researcher">Researcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Set_designer" class="mw-redirect" title="Set designer">Set designer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_producer" title="Television producer">TV producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_program_creator" class="mw-redirect" title="Television program creator">Television program creator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_producer" title="Executive producer">Executive producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Line_producer" title="Line producer">Line producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unit_production_manager" title="Unit production manager">Production manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Writer" title="Writer">Writer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Head_writer" title="Head writer">Head writer</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Screenwriter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Script_editor" title="Script editor">Script editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Story_editor" title="Story editor">Story editor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audio_engineer" title="Audio engineer">Audio engineer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boom_operator_(media)" title="Boom operator (media)">Boom operator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camera_operator" title="Camera operator">Camera operator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinematographer" title="Cinematographer">Cinematographer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Videographer" class="mw-redirect" title="Videographer">Videographer</a></li> <li>Character generator (CG) <a href="/wiki/Operator_(profession)" title="Operator (profession)">operator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Studio_floor_manager" title="Studio floor manager">Studio floor manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_coordinator" title="Graphics coordinator">Graphics coordinator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_manager" class="mw-redirect" title="Stage manager">Stage manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaffer_(motion_picture_industry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaffer (motion picture industry)">gaffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grip_(job)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grip (job)">grip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Key_grip" title="Key grip">Key grip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolly_grip" title="Dolly grip">Dolly grip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unit_production_manager" title="Unit production manager">Unit production manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_assistant" title="Production assistant">Production assistant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gofer" title="Gofer">Gofer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stunt_coordinator" title="Stunt coordinator">Stunt coordinator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_director" title="Technical director">Technical director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_director" title="Television director">Television director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_engineering" title="Broadcast engineering">Broadcast engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_director#Television" title="Technical director">Technical director</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sound_editor_(filmmaking)" title="Sound editor (filmmaking)">Sound editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foley_artist" class="mw-redirect" title="Foley artist">Foley artist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Composer" title="Composer">Composer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_grading" title="Color grading">Colorist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_editing" title="Film editing">Editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Publicist" title="Publicist">Publicist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VFX" class="mw-redirect" title="VFX">Visual effects artist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Types, formats<br />and genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beauty_pageant" title="Beauty pageant">Beauty pageant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcasting_of_sports_events" title="Broadcasting of sports events">Broadcasting of sports events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TV_commercial" class="mw-redirect" title="TV commercial">TV commercials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Event_television" title="Event television">Event television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_show" title="Game show">Game show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_television" title="Live television">Live television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variety_show" title="Variety show">Variety show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_crime_drama" class="mw-redirect" title="Police crime drama">Police crime drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reality_television" title="Reality television">Reality television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_film" title="Television film">Television film</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Documentary_film" title="Documentary film">Documentary film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockumentary" title="Mockumentary">Mockumentary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_show" title="Television show">Television show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_special" title="Television special">Television special</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Series" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animated_series" title="Animated series">Animated series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limited-run_series" title="Limited-run series">Limited-run series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miniseries" title="Miniseries">Miniseries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procedural_drama" title="Procedural drama">Procedural drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_(radio_and_television)" title="Serial (radio and television)">Serial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitcom" title="Sitcom">Sitcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soap_opera" title="Soap opera">Soap opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talk_show" title="Talk show">Talk show</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Late-night_talk_show" title="Late-night talk show">Late-night talk show</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">News</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breaking_news" title="Breaking news">Breaking news</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debate_show" title="Debate show">Debate show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_broadcasting" title="News broadcasting">News broadcasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_commentary" class="mw-redirect" title="Political commentary">Political commentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traffic_reports" class="mw-redirect" title="Traffic reports">Traffic reports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weather_forecasts" class="mw-redirect" title="Weather forecasts">Weather forecasts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Valuation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audience_measurement" title="Audience measurement">Audience measurement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_television_awards" title="List of television awards">List of television awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_content_rating_system" title="Television content rating system">Television content rating system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_criticism" title="Television criticism">Television criticism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Technical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_reference_monitor" title="Broadcast reference monitor">Broadcast reference monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_generator" title="Character generator">Character generator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_on-screen_graphic" title="Digital on-screen graphic">Digital on-screen graphic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixing_console" title="Mixing console">Mixing console</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microphone" title="Microphone">Microphones</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiple-camera_setup" title="Multiple-camera setup">Multiple-camera setup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outside_broadcasting" title="Outside broadcasting">Outside broadcasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_truck" title="Production truck">Production truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_video_camera" title="Professional video camera">Professional video camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_lighting" title="Stage lighting">Stage lighting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lighting_control_console" title="Lighting control console">Lighting control console</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vision_mixer" title="Vision mixer">Vision mixer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agenda-setting_theory" title="Agenda-setting theory">Agenda-setting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship" title="Censorship">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concentration_of_media_ownership" title="Concentration of media ownership">Concentration of media ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterculture" title="Counterculture">Counterculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech" title="Freedom of speech">Freedom of speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press" title="Freedom of the press">Freedom of the press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influence_of_mass_media" title="Influence of mass media">Influence of mass media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_activism" title="Media activism">Media activism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_bias" title="Media bias">Media bias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_manipulation" title="Media manipulation">Media manipulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_opinion" title="Public opinion">Public opinion</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Regulation" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regulation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_law" title="Broadcast law">Broadcast law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bleep_censor" title="Bleep censor">Bleep censor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_law" title="Communications law">Communications law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_law" title="Entertainment law">Entertainment law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairness_Doctrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Fairness Doctrine">Fairness Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_policy" title="Media policy">Media policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_reform" title="Media reform">Media reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_regulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Media regulation">Media regulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixelization" title="Pixelization">Pixelization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Theory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Media_culture" title="Media culture">Media culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_studies" title="Media studies">Media studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_studies" title="Television studies">Television studies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28389#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28389#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28389#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Drehbuchautor"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4294338-3">Germany</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Drehbuchautorin"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4302523-7">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85118942">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119551998">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119551998">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="scenáristé"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph870672&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="scenáristky"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph870673&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX550136">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000112730&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007563093805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/37b0b113-806f-48b0-98de-8358d5b0ea9c">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027531546">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" 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