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name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> <span class="search-box-icon-overlay"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> </span> </div> <button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="User navigation"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Buryatia</span></h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <ul id="p-associated-pages" class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected"> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Buryatia" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.subject">Article</a> </li> <li class="minerva__tab "> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Talk:Buryatia" rel="discussion" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a> </li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" href="#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Language</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Buryatia" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large 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open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Buryatia_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Buryatia (disambiguation)">Buryatia (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><p><b>Buryatia</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> officially the <b>Republic of Buryatia</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Republics_of_Russia" title="Republics of Russia">republic</a> of <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> located in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Far_East" title="Russian Far East">Russian Far East</a>. Formerly part of the <a href="/wiki/Siberian_Federal_District" title="Siberian Federal District">Siberian Federal District</a>, it has been administered as part of the <a href="/wiki/Far_Eastern_Federal_District" title="Far Eastern Federal District">Far Eastern Federal District</a> since 2018. It borders <a href="/wiki/Irkutsk_Oblast" title="Irkutsk Oblast">Irkutsk Oblast</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lake_Baikal" title="Lake Baikal">Lake Baikal</a>, the deepest lake in the world to the north, <a href="/wiki/Zabaykalsky_Krai" title="Zabaykalsky Krai">Zabaykalsky Krai</a> to the east, <a href="/wiki/Tuva" title="Tuva">Tuva</a> to the west and <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a> to the south.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its <a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">capital</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Types_of_inhabited_localities_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Types of inhabited localities in Russia">city</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ulan-Ude" title="Ulan-Ude">Ulan-Ude</a>. It has an area of 351,300 square kilometers (135,600 sq mi) with a population of 978,588 (<a href="/wiki/Russian_Census_(2021)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Census (2021)">2021 Census</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-2021Census_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021Census-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is home to the indigenous <a href="/wiki/Buryats" title="Buryats">Buryats</a>. </p><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Republic of Buryatia</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><span title="Buryat-language text"><span lang="bua">Буряад Улас</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Buryat_language" title="Buryat language">Buryat</a>)</span><br><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Республика Бурятия</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Republics_of_Russia" title="Republics of Russia">Republic</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Buryatia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Republic of Buryatia"><img alt="Flag of Republic of Buryatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Flag_of_Buryatia.svg/120px-Flag_of_Buryatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Flag_of_Buryatia.svg/180px-Flag_of_Buryatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Flag_of_Buryatia.svg/240px-Flag_of_Buryatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300"></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Buryatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag of the Republic of Buryatia">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Buryatia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Republic of Buryatia"><img alt="Coat of arms of Republic of Buryatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_Arms_of_Buryatia.svg/75px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Buryatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_Arms_of_Buryatia.svg/113px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Buryatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_Arms_of_Buryatia.svg/150px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Buryatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="489" data-file-height="600"></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Republic_of_Buryatia" title="Coat of arms of the Republic of Buryatia">Coat of arms</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Anthem: <a href="/wiki/Anthem_of_the_Republic_of_Buryatia" title="Anthem of the Republic of Buryatia">Anthem of the Republic of Buryatia</a><sup id="cite_ref-Anthem_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anthem-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="213" data-mwtitle="Буряад_Уласай_түрын_дуулал.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%82%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB.ogg" type='audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"' data-width="0" data-height="0"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%82%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB.ogg/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%82%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"></source></audio></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_Russia_(2014%E2%80%932022)_-_Buryatia_(Crimea_disputed).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Republic of Buryatia"><img alt="Location of Republic of Buryatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Map_of_Russia_%282014%E2%80%932022%29_-_Buryatia_%28Crimea_disputed%29.svg/300px-Map_of_Russia_%282014%E2%80%932022%29_-_Buryatia_%28Crimea_disputed%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Map_of_Russia_%282014%E2%80%932022%29_-_Buryatia_%28Crimea_disputed%29.svg/450px-Map_of_Russia_%282014%E2%80%932022%29_-_Buryatia_%28Crimea_disputed%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Map_of_Russia_%282014%E2%80%932022%29_-_Buryatia_%28Crimea_disputed%29.svg/600px-Map_of_Russia_%282014%E2%80%932022%29_-_Buryatia_%28Crimea_disputed%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1541" data-file-height="847"></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Buryatia&params=53_48_N_109_20_E_type:adm1st_region:RU"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">53°48′N</span> <span class="longitude">109°20′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">53.800°N 109.333°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">53.800; 109.333</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Federal_districts_of_Russia" title="Federal districts of Russia">Federal district</a><sup id="cite_ref-FederalDistrict_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FederalDistrict-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Far_Eastern_Federal_District" title="Far Eastern Federal District">Far Eastern</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Economic_regions_of_Russia" title="Economic regions of Russia">Economic region</a><sup id="cite_ref-EconomicRegion_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EconomicRegion-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Far_Eastern_economic_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Far Eastern economic region">Far Eastern</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ulan-Ude" title="Ulan-Ude">Ulan-Ude</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Khural_of_the_Republic_of_Buryatia" title="People's Khural of the Republic of Buryatia">People's Khural</a><sup id="cite_ref-HeadLegis_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HeadLegis-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Head_of_the_Republic_of_Buryatia" title="Head of the Republic of Buryatia">Head</a><sup id="cite_ref-HeadLegis_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HeadLegis-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alexey_Tsydenov" title="Alexey Tsydenov">Alexey Tsydenov</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-Area_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Area-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">351,334 km<sup>2</sup> (135,651 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(<a href="/wiki/Russian_Census_(2021)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Census (2021)">2021 Census</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-2021Census_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021Census-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></span></span> 978,588</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_subjects_of_Russia_by_population" title="List of federal subjects of Russia by population">54th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">2.79/km<sup>2</sup> (7.2/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">59.1%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Rural_area" title="Rural area">Rural</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">40.9%</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B8" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+8">UTC+8</a> (<a href="/wiki/Irkutsk_Time" title="Irkutsk Time">MSK+5</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">RU-BU</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plate" title="Vehicle registration plate">Vehicle registration</a></th><td class="infobox-data">03</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Official_language" title="Official language">Official language</a>(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Buryat_language" title="Buryat language">Buryat</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-Languages_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Languages-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a><sup id="cite_ref-Russian_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Russian-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://egov-buryatia.ru/">egov-buryatia<wbr></wbr>.ru</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Geography"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Geography</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Rivers"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Rivers</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Lakes"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Lakes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Mountains"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Mountains</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Natural_resources"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Natural resources</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Climate"><span class="tocnumber">1.5</span> <span class="toctext">Climate</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Imperial_Russia"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Imperial Russia</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Soviet_Buryatia"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Soviet Buryatia</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Post-Soviet_Buryatia"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Post-Soviet Buryatia</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#Politics"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Politics</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#Administrative_divisions"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Administrative divisions</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#Demographics"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Demographics</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#Settlements"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Settlements</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="#Vital_statistics"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Vital statistics</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-16"><a href="#Demographics_for_2007"><span class="tocnumber">5.2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Demographics for 2007</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="#Ethnic_groups"><span class="tocnumber">5.3</span> <span class="toctext">Ethnic groups</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="#Religion"><span class="tocnumber">5.4</span> <span class="toctext">Religion</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><a href="#Education"><span class="tocnumber">5.5</span> <span class="toctext">Education</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="#Economy"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Economy</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="#Tourism"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Tourism</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25"><a href="#Sources"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">Sources</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-26"><a href="#Further_reading"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">Further reading</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-27"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">13</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0.jpg/220px-%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0.jpg/220px-%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0.jpg/330px-%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0.jpg/440px-%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>View of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Baikal" title="Lake Baikal">Lake Baikal</a> in Buryatia</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:View_of_the_valley_of_the_Uda_near_the_village_of_Khorinsk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/View_of_the_valley_of_the_Uda_near_the_village_of_Khorinsk.jpg/220px-View_of_the_valley_of_the_Uda_near_the_village_of_Khorinsk.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1707"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/View_of_the_valley_of_the_Uda_near_the_village_of_Khorinsk.jpg/220px-View_of_the_valley_of_the_Uda_near_the_village_of_Khorinsk.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/View_of_the_valley_of_the_Uda_near_the_village_of_Khorinsk.jpg/330px-View_of_the_valley_of_the_Uda_near_the_village_of_Khorinsk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/View_of_the_valley_of_the_Uda_near_the_village_of_Khorinsk.jpg/440px-View_of_the_valley_of_the_Uda_near_the_village_of_Khorinsk.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>View of the valley of the Uda near the village of <a href="/wiki/Khorinsk" title="Khorinsk">Khorinsk</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Southernburyatia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Southernburyatia.jpg/220px-Southernburyatia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Southernburyatia.jpg/220px-Southernburyatia.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Southernburyatia.jpg/330px-Southernburyatia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Southernburyatia.jpg/440px-Southernburyatia.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Landscape of southern Buryatia</figcaption></figure> <p>The republic is located in the <a href="/wiki/South_Central_Siberia" title="South Central Siberia">south-central region</a> of <a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a> along the eastern shore of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Baikal" title="Lake Baikal">Lake Baikal</a>. </p> <ul><li>Area: 351,300 square kilometers (135,600 sq mi)</li> <li>Borders: <ul><li>Internal: <a href="/wiki/Irkutsk_Oblast" title="Irkutsk Oblast">Irkutsk Oblast</a> (W/NW/N), <a href="/wiki/Zabaykalsky_Krai" title="Zabaykalsky Krai">Zabaykalsky Krai</a> (NE/E/SE/S), <a href="/wiki/Tuva" title="Tuva">Tuva</a> (W)</li> <li>International: <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bulgan_Province" title="Bulgan Province">Bulgan Province</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kh%C3%B6vsg%C3%B6l_Province" title="Khövsgöl Province">Khövsgöl Province</a> and <a href="/wiki/Selenge_Province" title="Selenge Province">Selenge Province</a>) (S/SE)</li> <li>Water: <a href="/wiki/Lake_Baikal" title="Lake Baikal">Lake Baikal</a> (N)</li></ul></li> <li>Highest point: Mount <a href="/wiki/Munku-Sardyk" class="mw-redirect" title="Munku-Sardyk">Munku-Sardyk</a> (3,491 m (11,453 ft))</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rivers">Rivers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Rivers" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Major rivers include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barguzin_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Barguzin River">Barguzin River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irkut_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Irkut River">Irkut River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitoy_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Kitoy River">Kitoy River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oka_River_(Siberia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Oka River (Siberia)">Oka River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selenga_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Selenga River">Selenga River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uda_River_(Republic_of_Buryatia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Uda River (Republic of Buryatia)">Uda River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Angara_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Upper Angara River">Upper Angara River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitim_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitim River">Vitim River</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lakes">Lakes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Lakes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Baikal" title="Lake Baikal">Lake Baikal</a> – Buryatia covers 60% of the lake's shoreline.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Gusinoye" title="Lake Gusinoye">Lake Gusinoye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baunt" title="Baunt">Baunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Busani" title="Busani">Busani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapylyushi" title="Kapylyushi">Kapylyushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeravna-Khorga_Lake_System" title="Yeravna-Khorga Lake System">Yeravna-Khorga Lake System</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mountains">Mountains</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Mountains" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Over 80% of the republic's territory is located in the mountainous region, including the <a href="/wiki/Baikal_Mountains" title="Baikal Mountains">Baikal Mountains</a> on the northern shores of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Baikal" title="Lake Baikal">Lake Baikal</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Ulan-Burgas" title="Ulan-Burgas">Ulan-Burgas</a> east of the lake, and the <a href="/wiki/Selenga_Highlands" title="Selenga Highlands">Selenga Highlands</a> in the south near the <a href="/wiki/Mongolia%E2%80%93Russia_border" title="Mongolia–Russia border">Mongolia–Russia border</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Natural_resources">Natural resources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Natural resources" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The republic's natural resources include <a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">gold</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten">tungsten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">zinc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">uranium</a>, and more. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Climate" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul><li>Average annual temperature: 0 °C (32 °F) <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Average January temperature: −17 °C (1 °F)</li> <li>Average July temperature: +25 °C (77 °F)</li> <li>Average annual <a href="/wiki/Precipitation_(meteorology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Precipitation (meteorology)">precipitation</a>: 244 millimeters (9.6 in)</li></ul> <p>The climate varies, with the capital Ulan-Ude having a humid <a href="/wiki/Steppe" title="Steppe">steppe</a> climate and the north with a <a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate" title="Humid continental climate">humid continental climate</a>. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blue_diopsidite_skarn_Buryatia_Republic,_Transbaikalia,_eastern_Siberia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Blue_diopsidite_skarn_Buryatia_Republic%2C_Transbaikalia%2C_eastern_Siberia.jpg/220px-Blue_diopsidite_skarn_Buryatia_Republic%2C_Transbaikalia%2C_eastern_Siberia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1984" data-file-height="1352"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 150px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Blue_diopsidite_skarn_Buryatia_Republic%2C_Transbaikalia%2C_eastern_Siberia.jpg/220px-Blue_diopsidite_skarn_Buryatia_Republic%2C_Transbaikalia%2C_eastern_Siberia.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="150" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Blue_diopsidite_skarn_Buryatia_Republic%2C_Transbaikalia%2C_eastern_Siberia.jpg/330px-Blue_diopsidite_skarn_Buryatia_Republic%2C_Transbaikalia%2C_eastern_Siberia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Blue_diopsidite_skarn_Buryatia_Republic%2C_Transbaikalia%2C_eastern_Siberia.jpg/440px-Blue_diopsidite_skarn_Buryatia_Republic%2C_Transbaikalia%2C_eastern_Siberia.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Unusual blue <a href="/wiki/Diopside" title="Diopside">diopsidite</a> <a href="/wiki/Skarn" title="Skarn">skarn</a> from the Dovyren Highlands, Buryatia</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Mongols" title="Mongols">Mongolian people</a> have lived around the area of Lake Baikal since the fifth century, with <a href="/wiki/Mongolic_peoples" title="Mongolic peoples">Mongolic</a>-related <a href="/wiki/Slab_Grave_Culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Slab Grave Culture">Slab Grave</a> cultural monuments found in <a href="/wiki/Lake_Baikal" title="Lake Baikal">Baikal</a> territory.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over time, the Mongolic peoples of the regions developed into distinct groups, one of which became the Buryats. Further divisions of the Buryats came from those living on the western shore of Lake Baikal, with better land for agriculture, and those in the east, who practiced <a href="/wiki/Nomad" title="Nomad">nomadism</a> more regularly and continued residing in moveable felt <a href="/wiki/Yurt" title="Yurt">yurts</a>. As a result of the superior farmland, the western side of Lake Baikal was settled by European peasants during the time of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> – western Buryats were more exposed to and influenced by the culture, religions, and economy of their European neighbors, whereas the eastern Buryats maintained closer ties to other Mongolic peoples, Buddhism, and Asian civilizations.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The territory of Buryatia has been governed by the <a href="/wiki/Xiongnu" title="Xiongnu">Xiongnu</a> Empire (209 BC-93 CE) and Mongolian <a href="/wiki/Xianbei_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Xianbei state">Xianbei state</a> (93–234), <a href="/wiki/Rouran_Khaganate" title="Rouran Khaganate">Rouran Khaganate</a> (330–555), <a href="/wiki/First_Turkic_Khaganate" title="First Turkic Khaganate">First Turkic Khaganate</a> (552-603), <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Turkic_Khaganate" title="Eastern Turkic Khaganate">Eastern Turkic Khaganate</a> (682-744), <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a> (647–784), <a href="/wiki/Uyghur_Khaganate" title="Uyghur Khaganate">Uyghur Khaganate</a> (744-840), <a href="/wiki/Yenisei_Kyrgyz_Khaganate" class="mw-redirect" title="Yenisei Kyrgyz Khaganate">Yenisei Kyrgyz Khaganate</a> (840-1208), <a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a> (1206–1368), and <a href="/wiki/Northern_Yuan" title="Northern Yuan">Northern Yuan</a> (1368–1635).<sup id="cite_ref-HM_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HM-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Medieval Mongol tribes such as the <a href="/wiki/Merkit" title="Merkit">Merkit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bayads" title="Bayads">Bayads</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barga_Mongols" title="Barga Mongols">Barga Mongols</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tumed" title="Tumed">Tümeds</a> inhabited Buryatia.<sup id="cite_ref-HM_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HM-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Imperial_Russia">Imperial Russia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Imperial Russia" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p><a href="/wiki/Cossacks" title="Cossacks">Cossacks</a> and other tsarists officials began moving eastward into the western Buryat lands in 1625, where they estimated 30,000 Buryats were living in southeastern Siberia, collecting tribute from other, small Siberian tribes.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Buryats resisted the incorporation into the Russian Empire's tribute system (<i><a href="/wiki/Yasak" title="Yasak">yasak</a></i>) that demanded a yearly supply of <a href="/wiki/Fur_trade" title="Fur trade">furs</a>; it was not until the 1680s that the last of the eastern Buryat lands were forced to participate in the yasak system. In 1666, the fort of Udinskoye was founded. This area later became known as Verkhneudinsk – in 1934, it was renamed Ulan-Ude, the present-day capital of Buryatia.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1727 it was the border crossing for the <a href="/wiki/Kyakhta_trade" title="Kyakhta trade">Kyakhta trade</a> between Russia and <a href="/wiki/Greater_China" title="Greater China">China</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kyakhta's founder, the <a href="/wiki/Serbs" title="Serbs">Serb</a> <a href="/wiki/Sava_Vladislavich" title="Sava Vladislavich">Sava Vladislavich</a>, established it as a trading point between Russia and the <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Founded_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Founded-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1820 reforms of <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Speransky" title="Mikhail Speransky">Mikhail Speransky</a> established indirect rule over Buryatia by codifying the local clan leaders as official members of the "steppe <a href="/wiki/Duma" title="Duma">duma</a>" in order to incorporate them into the existing imperial government.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Buddhism was recognized as an official religion of the Russian Empire by <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_of_Russia" title="Elizabeth of Russia">Empress Elizabeth</a> in 1741, with the first <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pandito_Khambo_Lama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pandito Khambo Lama (page does not exist)">Pandito Khambo Lama</a>, the spiritual leader of Buryat Buddhists, elected in 1764. The first person to serve in this role was <a href="/w/index.php?title=Damba_Dorzha_Zaiaev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Damba Dorzha Zaiaev (page does not exist)">Damba Dorzha Zaiaev</a> (1711–1776). At the time of the <a href="/wiki/October_Revolution" title="October Revolution">Bolshevik Revolution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dashi-Dorzho_Itigilov" title="Dashi-Dorzho Itigilov">Dashi-Dorzho Itigilov</a> served as the 12th Pandito Khambo <a href="/wiki/Lama" title="Lama">Lama</a> of Eastern Siberia from 1911 to 1917.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Itigilov stepped down in 1917 at the time of the revolution and later encouraged his students to flee to Mongolia, though he refused to flee himself. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Soviet_Buryatia">Soviet Buryatia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Soviet Buryatia" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>National movements, including that of Buryatia, began to foment after the <a href="/wiki/February_Revolution" title="February Revolution">February Revolution</a> in 1917. From March 1917, the leading Buryat <a href="/wiki/Intelligentsia" title="Intelligentsia">intelligentsia</a> organized a number of conferences in cities such as <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Petrograd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chita,_Zabaykalsky_Krai" title="Chita, Zabaykalsky Krai">Chita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irkutsk" title="Irkutsk">Irkutsk</a>, and Verkhneudinsk (present-day Ulan-Ude) and invited representatives from Buryat administrative districts of the <a href="/wiki/Irkutsk_Oblast" title="Irkutsk Oblast">Irkutsk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Transbaikal" title="Transbaikal">Transbaikalia</a> regions. The culmination of these conferences was the first All-Buryat Congress in April 23–25, 1917 in Chita, where activists advocated for a self-governing Buryat Autonomous Region, based on the models of <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>, with an elected body, the Buryat National Duma, that all Buryats, men and women, over the age of 18 and without criminal convictions, would participate in. This Duma would elect a permanent executive body, the Buryat National committee, which would take on responsibilities such as organizing the elections, assembling the Buryat Duma, and publishing works in the Buryat language.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among other topics discussed at the Congress were the establishment of an Education Council to create Buryat schools, trained educators, and curricula that included the history of the Buryats and Mongols and Buryat studies. </p><p>After the November Revolution in 1917, the Buryats bid for independence was complicated by the arrival of a <a href="/wiki/Japanese_intervention_in_Siberia" title="Japanese intervention in Siberia">Japanese expeditionary force</a> into Buryatia in 1918.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Buryat national leaders saw the Japanese as potential and critical allies in assisting the independence movement, but the cooperation ultimately failed due to the conflicting agendas. <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">The Red Army</a> advanced in Buryatia in 1920 and continued to <a href="/wiki/Outer_Mongolia" title="Outer Mongolia">Outer Mongolia</a> in 1921. Attracted to the promises of <a href="/wiki/Self-determination" title="Self-determination">self-determination</a> and territorial autonomy by the <a href="/wiki/Bolsheviks" title="Bolsheviks">Bolsheviks</a>, and having lost the cooperation of the Japanese, the Buryat leaders embraced the idea of building a Buryat nation with the new Soviet state. In 1923, the <a href="/wiki/Buryat_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Buryat_language" title="Buryat language">Buryat</a>: <span lang="bua">Буряадай Автономито Совет Социалис Республика</span>; <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Бурятская Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика</span>) was created as a result of the merger of <a href="/wiki/State_of_Buryat-Mongolia" title="State of Buryat-Mongolia">State of Buryat</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Buryat_Oblast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buryat Oblast (page does not exist)">Buryat Oblast</a> and promised territorial autonomy. In 1929, a <a href="/wiki/1929_Buryat_Revolt" title="1929 Buryat Revolt">revolt was suppressed in Buryatia</a>, caused by collectivisation and repression of <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>. In 1937, <a href="/wiki/Aga_Buryatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Aga Buryatia">Aga Buryatia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ust-Orda_Buryatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ust-Orda Buryatia">Ust-Orda Buryatia</a> were detached from the <a href="/wiki/Buryat-Mongolian_ASSR" class="mw-redirect" title="Buryat-Mongolian ASSR">Buryat-Mongolian ASSR</a> and merged with <a href="/wiki/Chita_Oblast" title="Chita Oblast">Chita</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irkutsk_Oblast" title="Irkutsk Oblast">Irkutsk Oblasts</a>, respectively. In 1958, the name "Mongol" was removed from the name of the republic and simply became the <a href="/wiki/Buryat_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic of Buryatia</a> within the vast multi-ethnic, diverse Soviet Union. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Ivolginsky_Datsan" title="Ivolginsky Datsan">Ivolginsky Datsan</a> was opened in 1945 as the only Buddhist spiritual centre of the USSR, home to the <a href="/wiki/Central_Spiritual_Board_of_Buddhists_of_the_USSR" title="Central Spiritual Board of Buddhists of the USSR">Central Spiritual Board of Buddhists of the USSR</a>, the state-controlled <a href="/wiki/Sangha" title="Sangha">sangha</a>. </p><p>The Buryat intelligentsia were active throughout Buryatia and beyond, into <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a> and Mongolia. At the turn of the 20th century, Buryats leaders, such as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batu-dalai_Ochirov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batu-dalai Ochirov (page does not exist)">Batu-dalai Ochirov</a> and Mikhail Bogdanov, began actively writing political articles about the threat to Buryatia and Buryat existence from Russia. Despite their noted influence from 1900 to 1930, most of them were <a href="/wiki/Purges_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Purges of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">purged</a>, killed outright or sent to <a href="/wiki/Internment" title="Internment">concentration camps</a>, in the 1930s.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The leader of the Buryat ASSR from 1962 to 1984 was <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrei_Urupkheevich_Modogoev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrei Urupkheevich Modogoev (page does not exist)">Andrei Urupkheevich Modogoev</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1970s, Soviet authorities began two major industrial projects in Buryatia: the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gusinoozerskii_power_station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gusinoozerskii power station (page does not exist)">Gusinoozerskii power station</a> to the south of Ulan-Ude and the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Baikal%E2%80%93Amur_Mainline" title="Baikal–Amur Mainline">Baikal–Amur Mainline</a> railway in northern Buraytia. The construction of both projects, particularly the railway, required recruiting campaigns to bring workers from other parts of the country to Buryatia. Towns developed along the railroad, and the urban population in northern Buryatia doubled between 1979 and 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to the Russians who moved to Buryatia for work, Buryats from other parts of southern Siberia also migrated to the Buryat ASSR, particularly Ulan-Ude and other cities for jobs and educational opportunities. Prior to World War II, less than 10% of Buryats lived in urban areas, compared to almost half at the time of the fall of the Soviet Union. By 1989, one-third of the Buryat population of the Buryat ASSR was living in Ulan-Ude. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-Soviet_Buryatia">Post-Soviet Buryatia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Post-Soviet Buryatia" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The Buryat ASSR declared its <a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">sovereignty</a> in 1990 and adopted the name <i>Republic of Buryatia</i> in 1992. However, it remained an autonomous republic within the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Federation">Russian Federation</a>. On 11 July 1995 Buryatia signed a power-sharing agreement with the federal government, granting it autonomy.<sup id="cite_ref-asymmetries_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-asymmetries-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This agreement was abolished on 15 February 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-demokratiztsiya_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-demokratiztsiya-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">dissolution of the Soviet Union</a>, <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_republic" title="Autonomous republic">autonomous republics</a> such as Buryatia did not have the right to secede. However they retained considerable <a href="/wiki/Autonomy" title="Autonomy">autonomy</a>, with a separate legislature and president. However this autonomy has been curtailed following the 2004 law passed by <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> that decreed regional governors and presidents were to be appointed, rather than directly elected.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Politics" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Buryat_home2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Buryat_home2.jpg/220px-Buryat_home2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="243" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1698"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 243px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Buryat_home2.jpg/220px-Buryat_home2.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="243" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Buryat_home2.jpg/330px-Buryat_home2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Buryat_home2.jpg/440px-Buryat_home2.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Modern Buryat home with instruments, scrolls, and weapons typical of Buryatia</figcaption></figure> <p>The head of the Republic is the <a href="/wiki/Head_of_the_Republic_of_Buryatia" title="Head of the Republic of Buryatia">Head</a> (formerly President), who the voters of the republic elect for a four-year term. From 2004 to 2012 the head of Buryatia (along with all other heads of regions in Russia) was nominated directly by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Russia" title="President of Russia">Russian President</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between 1991 and 2007, the President was <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Potapov" title="Leonid Potapov">Leonid Vasilyevich Potapov</a>, who was elected on July 1, 1994, re-elected in 1998 (with 63.25% of votes), and then re-elected again on June 23, 2002 (with over 67% of votes). Prior to the elections, Potapov was the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Republic—the highest post at that time. </p><p>The current Head of the Republic is <a href="/wiki/Alexey_Tsydenov" title="Alexey Tsydenov">Alexey Tsydenov</a>, who was elected by popular vote on 10 September 2017. Prior to this he was acting Head, having been appointed by Russian President <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> in February 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Republic's <a href="/wiki/Parliament" title="Parliament">parliament</a> is the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Khural_of_the_Republic_of_Buryatia" title="People's Khural of the Republic of Buryatia">People's Khural</a>, popularly elected every five years. The People's Khural has 66 deputies and is currently dominated by the country's ruling party, <a href="/wiki/United_Russia" title="United Russia">United Russia</a>, with 45 seats. <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Pavlov_(politician,_born_1956)" title="Vladimir Pavlov (politician, born 1956)">Vladimir Anatolyevich Pavlov</a> has been Chairman of the People's Khural since September 2019. </p><p>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_Buryatia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of the Republic of Buryatia (page does not exist)">Republic's Constitution</a> was adopted on February 22, 1994. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/2024_Russian_presidential_election" title="2024 Russian presidential election">2024 Russian presidential election</a>, which critics called rigged and fraudulent, President <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> won 87.96% of the vote in Buryatia.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Administrative divisions" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Buryatia" title="Administrative divisions of Buryatia">Administrative divisions of Buryatia</a></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Demographics" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <p><b>Population</b>: <span class="nowrap">972,021 (<a href="/wiki/2010_Russian_census" title="2010 Russian census">2010 Census</a>)</span>;<sup id="cite_ref-2010Census_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010Census-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="nowrap">981,238 (<a href="/wiki/2002_Russian_census" title="2002 Russian census">2002 Census</a>)</span>;<sup id="cite_ref-PopCensus_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PopCensus-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="nowrap">1,041,119 (<a href="/wiki/1989_Soviet_census" title="1989 Soviet census">1989 Soviet census</a>)</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Census1989_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census1989-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Settlements">Settlements</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Settlements" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1219497266">.mw-parser-output .largestCities-table-background{background:#f9f9f9;color:#222}.mw-parser-output .largestCities-cell-background{background:#f0f0f0;color:#222}</style> <div> <table style="font-size:88%;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 100%; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10" style="padding:0.3em 0.75em;"><div style="float:right; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div><div style="float:left; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div> <div style="height:2.6em;line-height:1.3em;"><span style="font-size:110%;">Largest cities or towns in Buryatia</span><br><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal;">2010 Russian Census</div></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th></th> <th>Rank </th> <th> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Buryatia" title="Administrative divisions of Buryatia">Administrative division</a> </th> <th>Pop. </th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A3%D0%B4%D1%8D_%D1%81_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8_-_panoramio_-_Tohuchar_(6).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ulan-Ude"><noscript><img alt="Ulan-Ude" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A3%D0%B4%D1%8D_%D1%81_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8_-_panoramio_-_Tohuchar_%286%29.jpg/120px-%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A3%D0%B4%D1%8D_%D1%81_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8_-_panoramio_-_Tohuchar_%286%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 90px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A3%D0%B4%D1%8D_%D1%81_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8_-_panoramio_-_Tohuchar_%286%29.jpg/120px-%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A3%D0%B4%D1%8D_%D1%81_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8_-_panoramio_-_Tohuchar_%286%29.jpg" data-alt="Ulan-Ude" data-width="120" data-height="90" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A3%D0%B4%D1%8D_%D1%81_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8_-_panoramio_-_Tohuchar_%286%29.jpg/180px-%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A3%D0%B4%D1%8D_%D1%81_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8_-_panoramio_-_Tohuchar_%286%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A3%D0%B4%D1%8D_%D1%81_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8_-_panoramio_-_Tohuchar_%286%29.jpg/240px-%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A3%D0%B4%D1%8D_%D1%81_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8_-_panoramio_-_Tohuchar_%286%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span><br><a href="/wiki/Ulan-Ude" title="Ulan-Ude">Ulan-Ude</a><br><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Severobaykalsk"><noscript><img alt="Severobaykalsk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0.jpg/120px-%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 90px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0.jpg/120px-%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0.jpg" data-alt="Severobaykalsk" data-width="120" data-height="90" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0.jpg/180px-%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0.jpg/240px-%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span><br><a href="/wiki/Severobaykalsk" title="Severobaykalsk">Severobaykalsk</a> </td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ulan-Ude" title="Ulan-Ude">Ulan-Ude</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ulan-Ude" title="Ulan-Ude">City of republic significance of Ulan-Ude</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">404,426 </td> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2014-03-31_12-49-19_%D0%93%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%91%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Gusinoozyorsk"><noscript><img alt="Gusinoozyorsk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/2014-03-31_12-49-19_%D0%93%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%91%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA.JPG/120px-2014-03-31_12-49-19_%D0%93%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%91%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 90px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/2014-03-31_12-49-19_%D0%93%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%91%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA.JPG/120px-2014-03-31_12-49-19_%D0%93%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%91%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA.JPG" data-alt="Gusinoozyorsk" data-width="120" data-height="90" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/2014-03-31_12-49-19_%D0%93%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%91%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA.JPG/180px-2014-03-31_12-49-19_%D0%93%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%91%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/2014-03-31_12-49-19_%D0%93%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%91%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA.JPG/240px-2014-03-31_12-49-19_%D0%93%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%91%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span><br><a href="/wiki/Gusinoozyorsk" title="Gusinoozyorsk">Gusinoozyorsk</a><br><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kyahta.s_gory.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Kyakhta"><noscript><img alt="Kyakhta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Kyahta.s_gory.JPG/120px-Kyahta.s_gory.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 80px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Kyahta.s_gory.JPG/120px-Kyahta.s_gory.JPG" data-alt="Kyakhta" data-width="120" data-height="80" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Kyahta.s_gory.JPG/180px-Kyahta.s_gory.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Kyahta.s_gory.JPG/240px-Kyahta.s_gory.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span><br><a href="/wiki/Kyakhta" title="Kyakhta">Kyakhta</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">2</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Severobaykalsk" title="Severobaykalsk">Severobaykalsk</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Severobaykalsk" title="Severobaykalsk">Town of republic significance of Severobaykalsk</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">24,929 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">3</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Gusinoozyorsk" title="Gusinoozyorsk">Gusinoozyorsk</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Selenginsky_District" title="Selenginsky District">Selenginsky District</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">24,582 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">4</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kyakhta" title="Kyakhta">Kyakhta</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kyakhtinsky_District" title="Kyakhtinsky District">Kyakhtinsky District</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">20,041 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">5</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Selenginsk" title="Selenginsk">Selenginsk</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kabansky_District" title="Kabansky District">Kabansky District</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">14,546 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">6</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Zakamensk" title="Zakamensk">Zakamensk</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Zakamensky_District" title="Zakamensky District">Zakamensky District</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">11,524 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">7</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Onokhoy" title="Onokhoy">Onokhoy</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Zaigrayevsky_District" title="Zaigrayevsky District">Zaigrayevsky District</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">10,689 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">8</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Taksimo" title="Taksimo">Taksimo</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Muysky_District" title="Muysky District">Muysky District</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">9,438 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">9</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bichura,_Republic_of_Buryatia" title="Bichura, Republic of Buryatia">Bichura</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bichursky_District" title="Bichursky District">Bichursky District</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">9,145 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">10</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Khorinsk" title="Khorinsk">Khorinsk</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Khorinsky_District" title="Khorinsky District">Khorinsky District</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">8,138 </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Buryatia02.png" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Buryatia02.png/220px-Buryatia02.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1066" data-file-height="756"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 156px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Buryatia02.png/220px-Buryatia02.png" data-width="220" data-height="156" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Buryatia02.png/330px-Buryatia02.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Buryatia02.png/440px-Buryatia02.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Map of Buryatia.</figcaption></figure><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1926</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">388,900</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">— </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1939</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">545,766</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+40.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1959</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">673,326</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+23.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1970</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">812,251</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+20.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1979</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">900,812</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+10.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1989</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,041,119</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+15.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2002</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">981,238</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−5.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2010</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">972,021</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2021</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">978,588</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.7%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: Census data</td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Census date </th> <th>1926 </th> <th>1939 </th> <th>1959 </th> <th>1970 </th> <th>1979 </th> <th>1989 </th> <th>2002 </th> <th>2010 </th></tr> <tr> <td>Total population </td> <td align="right">491,236 </td> <td align="right">545,766 </td> <td align="right">673,326 </td> <td align="right">812,251 </td> <td align="right">899,398 </td> <td align="right">1,038,252 </td> <td align="right">981,238 </td> <td align="right">972,021 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Average annual population growth </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">+1.7% </td> <td align="right">+1.1% </td> <td align="right">+1.5% </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−0.4% </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Males </td> <td align="right">248,513 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">467,984 </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Females </td> <td align="right">242,723 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">513,254 </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Females per 1000 males </td> <td align="right">977 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">1,097 </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Proportion urban </td> <td align="right">9.3% </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">59.6% </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Territory (km<sup>2</sup>) </td> <td align="right">368,392 </td> <td align="right">351,334 </td> <td align="right">351,334 </td> <td align="right">351,334 </td> <td align="right">351,334 </td> <td align="right">351,334 </td> <td align="right">351,334 </td> <td align="right">351,334 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Population density/km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td align="right">1.3 </td> <td align="right">1.6 </td> <td align="right">1.9 </td> <td align="right">2.3 </td> <td align="right">2.6 </td> <td align="right">3.0 </td> <td align="right">2.8 </td> <td align="right">2.8 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vital_statistics">Vital statistics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Vital statistics" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dzharun-Hashor.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Dzharun-Hashor.jpg/220px-Dzharun-Hashor.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4253" data-file-height="2911"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 151px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Dzharun-Hashor.jpg/220px-Dzharun-Hashor.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="151" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Dzharun-Hashor.jpg/330px-Dzharun-Hashor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Dzharun-Hashor.jpg/440px-Dzharun-Hashor.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Dzharun Khashor, the largest <a href="/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa">stupa</a> in the Republic of Buryatia.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%B2_%D0%93%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%B2_%D0%93%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B5.jpg/220px-%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%B2_%D0%93%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3356" data-file-height="2204"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 144px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%B2_%D0%93%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B5.jpg/220px-%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%B2_%D0%93%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B5.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="144" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%B2_%D0%93%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B5.jpg/330px-%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%B2_%D0%93%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%B2_%D0%93%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B5.jpg/440px-%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%B2_%D0%93%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B5.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Buddhist temple in <a href="/wiki/Gegetuy" title="Gegetuy">Gegetuy</a>.</figcaption></figure> <dl><dd>Source: Russian Federal State Statistics Service<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th width="70pt">Average population (thousands) </th> <th width="70pt">Live births </th> <th width="70pt">Deaths </th> <th width="70pt">Natural change </th> <th width="70pt">Crude birth rate (per 1000) </th> <th width="70pt">Crude death rate (per 1000) </th> <th width="70pt">Natural change (per 1000) </th> <th width="70pt">Fertility rates </th></tr> <tr> <td>1970 </td> <td align="right">816 </td> <td align="right">14,766 </td> <td align="right">6,301 </td> <td align="right">8,465 </td> <td align="right">18.1 </td> <td align="right">7.7 </td> <td align="right">10.4 </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1975 </td> <td align="right">862 </td> <td align="right">17,751 </td> <td align="right">7,586 </td> <td align="right">10,165 </td> <td align="right">20.6 </td> <td align="right">8.8 </td> <td align="right">11.8 </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1980 </td> <td align="right">921 </td> <td align="right">19,859 </td> <td align="right">8,734 </td> <td align="right">11,125 </td> <td align="right">21.6 </td> <td align="right">9.5 </td> <td align="right">12.1 </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1985 </td> <td align="right">993 </td> <td align="right">23,975 </td> <td align="right">9,529 </td> <td align="right">14,446 </td> <td align="right">24.1 </td> <td align="right">9.6 </td> <td align="right">14.5 </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1990 </td> <td align="right">1,050 </td> <td align="right">19,185 </td> <td align="right">9,602 </td> <td align="right">9,583 </td> <td align="right">18.3 </td> <td align="right">9.1 </td> <td align="right">9.1 </td> <td align="right" style="color: blue">2.18 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1991 </td> <td align="right">1,052 </td> <td align="right">16,868 </td> <td align="right">9,753 </td> <td align="right">7,115 </td> <td align="right">16.0 </td> <td align="right">9.3 </td> <td align="right">6.8 </td> <td align="right">2.03 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1992 </td> <td align="right">1,049 </td> <td align="right">13,944 </td> <td align="right">10,347 </td> <td align="right">3,597 </td> <td align="right">13.3 </td> <td align="right">9.9 </td> <td align="right">3.4 </td> <td align="right">1.87 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1993 </td> <td align="right">1,043 </td> <td align="right">11,981 </td> <td align="right">12,388 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−407 </td> <td align="right">11.5 </td> <td align="right">11.9 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−0.4 </td> <td align="right">1.65 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994 </td> <td align="right">1,039 </td> <td align="right">12,327 </td> <td align="right">13,650 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−1,323 </td> <td align="right">11.9 </td> <td align="right">13.1 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−1.3 </td> <td align="right">1.66 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1995 </td> <td align="right">1,035 </td> <td align="right">12,311 </td> <td align="right">12,588 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−277 </td> <td align="right">11.9 </td> <td align="right">12.2 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−0.3 </td> <td align="right">1.60 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1996 </td> <td align="right">1,031 </td> <td align="right">12,159 </td> <td align="right">12,441 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−282 </td> <td align="right">11.8 </td> <td align="right">12.1 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−0.3 </td> <td align="right">1.57 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1997 </td> <td align="right">1,025 </td> <td align="right">11,555 </td> <td align="right">12,111 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−556 </td> <td align="right">11.3 </td> <td align="right">11.8 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−0.5 </td> <td align="right">1.51 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1998 </td> <td align="right">1,017 </td> <td align="right">11,746 </td> <td align="right">11,481 </td> <td align="right">265 </td> <td align="right">11.6 </td> <td align="right">11.3 </td> <td align="right">0.3 </td> <td align="right">1.53 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1999 </td> <td align="right">1,009 </td> <td align="right">11,468 </td> <td align="right">13,114 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−1,646 </td> <td align="right">11.4 </td> <td align="right">13.0 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−1.6 </td> <td align="right">1.42 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000 </td> <td align="right">1,001 </td> <td align="right">11,654 </td> <td align="right">13,155 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−1,501 </td> <td align="right">11.6 </td> <td align="right">13.1 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−1.5 </td> <td align="right">1.42 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2001 </td> <td align="right">992 </td> <td align="right">11,678 </td> <td align="right">13,858 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−2,180 </td> <td align="right">11.8 </td> <td align="right">14.0 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−2.2 </td> <td align="right">1.44 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2002 </td> <td align="right">983 </td> <td align="right">12,830 </td> <td align="right">14,404 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−1,574 </td> <td align="right">13.1 </td> <td align="right">14.7 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−1.6 </td> <td align="right">1.52 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003 </td> <td align="right">977 </td> <td align="right">13,177 </td> <td align="right">15,056 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−1,879 </td> <td align="right">13.5 </td> <td align="right">15.4 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−1.9 </td> <td align="right">1.51 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2004 </td> <td align="right">973 </td> <td align="right">13,399 </td> <td align="right">14,868 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−1,469 </td> <td align="right">13.8 </td> <td align="right">15.3 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−1.5 </td> <td align="right">1.49 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2005 </td> <td align="right">969 </td> <td align="right">13,551 </td> <td align="right">15,144 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−1,593 </td> <td align="right">14.0 </td> <td align="right">15.6 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">−1.6 </td> <td align="right" style="color: red">1.41 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2006 </td> <td align="right">966 </td> <td align="right">14,193 </td> <td align="right">13,930 </td> <td align="right">263 </td> <td align="right">14.7 </td> <td align="right">14.4 </td> <td align="right">0.3 </td> <td align="right">1.41 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2007 </td> <td align="right">965 </td> <td align="right">15,460 </td> <td align="right">12,802 </td> <td align="right">2,658 </td> <td align="right">16.0 </td> <td align="right">13.3 </td> <td align="right">2.8 </td> <td align="right">1.60 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2008 </td> <td align="right">966 </td> <td align="right">16,372 </td> <td align="right">12,948 </td> <td align="right">3,424 </td> <td align="right">16.9 </td> <td align="right">13.4 </td> <td align="right">3.5 </td> <td align="right">1.68 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2009 </td> <td align="right">968 </td> <td align="right">16,729 </td> <td align="right">12,466 </td> <td align="right">4,263 </td> <td align="right">17.3 </td> <td align="right">12.9 </td> <td align="right">4.4 </td> <td align="right">2.03 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2010 </td> <td align="right">972 </td> <td align="right">16,535 </td> <td align="right">12,386 </td> <td align="right">4,149 </td> <td align="right">17.0 </td> <td align="right">12.7 </td> <td align="right">4.3 </td> <td align="right">1.99 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011 </td> <td align="right">972 </td> <td align="right">16,507 </td> <td align="right">12,299 </td> <td align="right">4,208 </td> <td align="right">17.0 </td> <td align="right">12.7 </td> <td align="right">4.3 </td> <td align="right">2.03 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012 </td> <td align="right">972 </td> <td align="right">17,006 </td> <td align="right">12,064 </td> <td align="right">4,942 </td> <td align="right">17.5 </td> <td align="right">12.4 </td> <td align="right">5.1 </td> <td align="right" style="color: blue">2.14 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2013 </td> <td align="right">973 </td> <td align="right">17,108 </td> <td align="right">11,479 </td> <td align="right">5,629 </td> <td align="right">17.6 </td> <td align="right">11.8 </td> <td align="right">5.8 </td> <td align="right" style="color: blue">2.21 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2014 </td> <td align="right">976 </td> <td align="right">17,093 </td> <td align="right">11,182 </td> <td align="right">5,911 </td> <td align="right">17.5 </td> <td align="right">11.5 </td> <td align="right">6.0 </td> <td align="right" style="color: blue">2.26 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2015 </td> <td align="right">980 </td> <td align="right">16,981 </td> <td align="right">11,152 </td> <td align="right">5,829 </td> <td align="right">17.3 </td> <td align="right">11.4 </td> <td align="right">5.9 </td> <td align="right" style="color: blue">2.28 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016 </td> <td align="right">983 </td> <td align="right">16,128 </td> <td align="right">11,047 </td> <td align="right">5,081 </td> <td align="right">16.4 </td> <td align="right">11.2 </td> <td align="right">5.2 </td> <td align="right" style="color: blue">2.21(e) </td></tr> <tr> <td>2017 </td> <td align="right">984 </td> <td align="right">14,315 </td> <td align="right">10,445 </td> <td align="right">3,870 </td> <td align="right">14.5 </td> <td align="right">10.6 </td> <td align="right">3.9 </td> <td align="right" style="color: blue"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018 </td> <td align="right">984 </td> <td align="right">13,892 </td> <td align="right">10,347 </td> <td align="right">3,545 </td> <td align="right">14.1 </td> <td align="right">10.5 </td> <td align="right">3.6 </td> <td align="right" style="color: blue"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">12,471 </td> <td align="right">10,844 </td> <td align="right">1,627 </td> <td align="right">12.7 </td> <td align="right">11.0 </td> <td align="right">1.7 </td> <td align="right" style="color: blue"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2020 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">12,682 </td> <td align="right">11,786 </td> <td align="right">896 </td> <td align="right">12.9 </td> <td align="right">12.0 </td> <td align="right">0.9 </td> <td align="right" style="color: blue"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A3%D0%B4%D1%8D.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A3%D0%B4%D1%8D.JPG/220px-%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A3%D0%B4%D1%8D.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="113" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5174" data-file-height="2664"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 113px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A3%D0%B4%D1%8D.JPG/220px-%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A3%D0%B4%D1%8D.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="113" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A3%D0%B4%D1%8D.JPG/330px-%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A3%D0%B4%D1%8D.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A3%D0%B4%D1%8D.JPG/440px-%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A3%D0%B4%D1%8D.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ulan-Ude" title="Ulan-Ude">Ulan-Ude</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Baikalskoe_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Baikalskoe_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-Baikalskoe_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1839" data-file-height="1379"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Baikalskoe_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-Baikalskoe_-_panoramio.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Baikalskoe_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-Baikalskoe_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Baikalskoe_-_panoramio.jpg/440px-Baikalskoe_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>The village of Baikalskoe on the northern shores of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Baikal" title="Lake Baikal">Lake Baikal</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F,_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F%2C_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2.jpg/220px-%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F%2C_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 146px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F%2C_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2.jpg/220px-%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F%2C_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="146" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F%2C_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2.jpg/330px-%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F%2C_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F%2C_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2.jpg/440px-%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F%2C_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>The peninsula of Svyatoy Nos, <a href="/wiki/Lake_Baikal" title="Lake Baikal">Lake Baikal</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Demographics_for_2007">Demographics for 2007</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Demographics for 2007" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Source:<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th><b><a href="/wiki/Raion" title="Raion">District</a></b> </th> <th><b>Births</b> </th> <th><b>Deaths</b> </th> <th><b>Growth</b> </th> <th><b>Pop (2007)</b> </th> <th><b>BR</b> </th> <th><b>DR</b> </th> <th><b>NGR</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>The Republic of Buryatia</b> </td> <td><b>12,337</b> </td> <td><b>9,833</b> </td> <td><b>2,504</b> </td> <td><b>960,000</b> </td> <td><b>17.13</b> </td> <td><b>13.66</b> </td> <td><b>0.35%</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ulan-Ude" title="Ulan-Ude">Ulan-Ude</a> </td> <td>4,260 </td> <td>3,517 </td> <td>743 </td> <td>373,300 </td> <td>15.22 </td> <td>12.56 </td> <td>0.27% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bichursky_District" title="Bichursky District">Bichursky District</a> </td> <td>339 </td> <td>318 </td> <td>21 </td> <td>26,900 </td> <td>16.80 </td> <td>15.76 </td> <td>0.10% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dzhidinsky_District" title="Dzhidinsky District">Dzhidinsky District</a> </td> <td>512 </td> <td>309 </td> <td>203 </td> <td>30,800 </td> <td>22.16 </td> <td>13.38 </td> <td>0.88% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yeravninsky_District" title="Yeravninsky District">Yeravninsky District</a> </td> <td>244 </td> <td>191 </td> <td>53 </td> <td>18,600 </td> <td>17.49 </td> <td>13.69 </td> <td>0.38% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zaigrayevsky_District" title="Zaigrayevsky District">Zaigrayevsky District</a> </td> <td>714 </td> <td>630 </td> <td>84 </td> <td>48,700 </td> <td>19.55 </td> <td>17.25 </td> <td>0.23% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zakamensky_District" title="Zakamensky District">Zakamensky District</a> </td> <td>492 </td> <td>322 </td> <td>170 </td> <td>30,400 </td> <td>21.58 </td> <td>14.12 </td> <td>0.75% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ivolginsky_District" title="Ivolginsky District">Ivolginsky District</a> </td> <td>498 </td> <td>320 </td> <td>178 </td> <td>31,000 </td> <td>21.42 </td> <td>13.76 </td> <td>0.77% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kabansky_District" title="Kabansky District">Kabansky District</a> </td> <td>702 </td> <td>779 </td> <td>−77 </td> <td>64,400 </td> <td>14.53 </td> <td>16.13 </td> <td>−0.16% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kizhinginsky_District" title="Kizhinginsky District">Kizhinginsky District</a> </td> <td>303 </td> <td>192 </td> <td>111 </td> <td>18,700 </td> <td>21.60 </td> <td>13.69 </td> <td>0.79% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kyakhtinsky_District" title="Kyakhtinsky District">Kyakhtinsky District</a> </td> <td>629 </td> <td>393 </td> <td>236 </td> <td>40,500 </td> <td>20.71 </td> <td>12.94 </td> <td>0.78% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mukhorshibirsky_District" title="Mukhorshibirsky District">Mukhorshibirsky District</a> </td> <td>338 </td> <td>319 </td> <td>19 </td> <td>28,000 </td> <td>16.10 </td> <td>15.19 </td> <td>0.09% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pribaykalsky_District" title="Pribaykalsky District">Pribaykalsky District</a> </td> <td>423 </td> <td>357 </td> <td>66 </td> <td>28,900 </td> <td>19.52 </td> <td>16.47 </td> <td>0.30% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Selenginsky_District" title="Selenginsky District">Selenginsky District</a> </td> <td>628 </td> <td>522 </td> <td>106 </td> <td>47,500 </td> <td>17.63 </td> <td>14.65 </td> <td>0.30% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tarbagataysky_District" title="Tarbagataysky District">Tarbagataysky District</a> </td> <td>205 </td> <td>216 </td> <td>−11 </td> <td>16,900 </td> <td>16.17 </td> <td>17.04 </td> <td>−0.09% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tunkinsky_District" title="Tunkinsky District">Tunkinsky District</a> </td> <td>304 </td> <td>249 </td> <td>55 </td> <td>23,000 </td> <td>17.62 </td> <td>14.43 </td> <td>0.32% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Khorinsky_District" title="Khorinsky District">Khorinsky District</a> </td> <td>314 </td> <td>222 </td> <td>92 </td> <td>19,200 </td> <td>21.81 </td> <td>15.42 </td> <td>0.64% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Barguzinsky_District" title="Barguzinsky District">Barguzinsky District</a> </td> <td>367 </td> <td>272 </td> <td>95 </td> <td>25,600 </td> <td>19.11 </td> <td>14.17 </td> <td>0.49% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bauntovsky_Evenkiysky_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Bauntovsky Evenkiysky District">Bauntovsky Evenkiysky District</a> </td> <td>126 </td> <td>92 </td> <td>34 </td> <td>10,500 </td> <td>16.00 </td> <td>11.68 </td> <td>0.43% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kurumkansky_District" title="Kurumkansky District">Kurumkansky District</a> </td> <td>232 </td> <td>129 </td> <td>103 </td> <td>15,600 </td> <td>19.83 </td> <td>11.03 </td> <td>0.88% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Muysky_District" title="Muysky District">Muysky District</a> </td> <td>179 </td> <td>112 </td> <td>67 </td> <td>15,600 </td> <td>15.30 </td> <td>9.57 </td> <td>0.57% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Okinsky_District" title="Okinsky District">Okinsky District</a> </td> <td>73 </td> <td>37 </td> <td>36 </td> <td>5,100 </td> <td>19.08 </td> <td>9.67 </td> <td>0.94% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Severo-Baykalsky_District" title="Severo-Baykalsky District">Severo-Baykalsky District</a> </td> <td>196 </td> <td>161 </td> <td>35 </td> <td>15,200 </td> <td>17.19 </td> <td>14.12 </td> <td>0.31% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Severobaykalsk" title="Severobaykalsk">Severobaykalsk</a> </td> <td>259 </td> <td>174 </td> <td>85 </td> <td>25,600 </td> <td>13.49 </td> <td>9.06 </td> <td>0.44% </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethnic_groups">Ethnic groups</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Ethnic groups" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Census_(2021)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Census (2021)">2021 Census</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-census2021_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2021-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ethnic <a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russians</a> make up 64% of the republic's population, while the ethnic <a href="/wiki/Buryats" title="Buryats">Buryats</a> comprise 32.5% of the population. Other groups include <a href="/wiki/Soyots" class="mw-redirect" title="Soyots">Soyots</a> (0.5%) and a host of smaller groups, each accounting for less than 0.5% of the total population. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: right;"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#e0e0e0"> <th rowspan="2">Ethnic<br>group </th> <th colspan="2">1926 Census<sup>1</sup> </th> <th colspan="2">1939 Census </th> <th colspan="2">1959 Census </th> <th colspan="2">1970 Census </th> <th colspan="2">1979 Census </th> <th colspan="2">1989 Census </th> <th colspan="2">2002 Census </th> <th colspan="2">2010 Census </th> <th colspan="2">2021 Census<sup>2</sup> </th></tr> <tr bgcolor="#e0e0e0"> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Buryats" title="Buryats">Buryats</a> </td> <td>214,957 </td> <td>43.8% </td> <td rowspan="2">116,382 </td> <td rowspan="2">21.3% </td> <td rowspan="2">135,798 </td> <td rowspan="2">20.2% </td> <td rowspan="2">178,660 </td> <td rowspan="2">22.0% </td> <td rowspan="2">206,860 </td> <td rowspan="2">23.0% </td> <td rowspan="2">249,525 </td> <td rowspan="2">24.0% </td> <td>272,910 </td> <td>27.8% </td> <td>286,839 </td> <td>30.0% </td> <td>295,273 </td> <td>32.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Soyots" class="mw-redirect" title="Soyots">Soyots</a> </td> <td>161 </td> <td>0.0% </td> <td>2,739 </td> <td>0.3% </td> <td>3,579 </td> <td>0.4% </td> <td>4,316 </td> <td>0.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russians</a> </td> <td>258,796 </td> <td>52.7% </td> <td>393,057 </td> <td>72.0% </td> <td>502,568 </td> <td>74.6% </td> <td>596,960 </td> <td>73.5% </td> <td>647,785 </td> <td>72.0% </td> <td>726,165 </td> <td>69.9% </td> <td>665,512 </td> <td>67.8% </td> <td>630,783 </td> <td>66.1% </td> <td>581,764 </td> <td>63.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Tatars" title="Tatars">Tatars</a> </td> <td>3,092 </td> <td>0.6% </td> <td>3,840 </td> <td>0.7% </td> <td>8,058 </td> <td>1.2% </td> <td>9,991 </td> <td>1.2% </td> <td>10,290 </td> <td>1.1% </td> <td>10,496 </td> <td>1.0% </td> <td>8,189 </td> <td>0.8% </td> <td>6,813 </td> <td>0.7% </td> <td>4,035 </td> <td>0.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Evenks" class="mw-redirect" title="Evenks">Evenks</a> </td> <td>2,808 </td> <td>0.6% </td> <td>1,818 </td> <td>0.3% </td> <td>1,335 </td> <td>0.2% </td> <td>1,685 </td> <td>0.2% </td> <td>1,543 </td> <td>0.2% </td> <td>1,679 </td> <td>0.2% </td> <td>2,334 </td> <td>0.2% </td> <td>2,974 </td> <td>0.3% </td> <td>2,995 </td> <td>0.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainians" title="Ukrainians">Ukrainians</a> </td> <td>1,982 </td> <td>0.4% </td> <td>13,392 </td> <td>2.5% </td> <td>10,183 </td> <td>1.5% </td> <td>10,769 </td> <td>1.3% </td> <td>15,290 </td> <td>1.7% </td> <td>22,868 </td> <td>2.2% </td> <td>9,585 </td> <td>1.0% </td> <td>5,654 </td> <td>0.6% </td> <td>2,007 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Others </td> <td>9,440 </td> <td>1.9% </td> <td>17,277 </td> <td>3.2% </td> <td>15,384 </td> <td>2.3% </td> <td>14,186 </td> <td>1.7% </td> <td>17,630 </td> <td>2.0% </td> <td>27,519 </td> <td>2.7% </td> <td>19,969 </td> <td>2.0% </td> <td>18,360 </td> <td>1.9% </td> <td>19,325 </td> <td>2.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left" colspan="19"><sup>1</sup> <small>In 1926, the Buryat-Mongolian ASSR included Aga-Buryatia, Ust-Orda Buryatia, and Olkhonsky District. These territories were transferred to Chita and Irkutsk Oblasts in 1937. Consequently, the results of the 1926 census cannot be compared to the results of the censuses of 1939 and later.</small> <p><sup>2</sup> <small>68,873 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of the declared group.</small><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Religion" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="notheme barbox tright" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:auto; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:none"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Religion in Buryatia as of 2012 (Sreda Arena Atlas)<sup id="cite_ref-2012ArenaAtlas_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2012ArenaAtlas-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2012Arena-religion-maps_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2012Arena-religion-maps-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian Orthodoxy</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:DarkOrchid; width:27.4%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">27.4%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Other <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Orthodox</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:MediumOrchid; width:1.2%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1.2%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Protestantism_in_Russia" title="Protestantism in Russia">Protestantism</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Navy; width:0.6%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.6%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Other <a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Russia" title="Christianity in Russia">Christians</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:DeepSkyBlue; width:4.2%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">4.2%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Russia" title="Buddhism in Russia">Buddhism</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Yellow; width:19.8%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">19.8%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Tengrism" title="Tengrism">Tengrism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yellow_shamanism" title="Yellow shamanism">Yellow shamanism</a> or <a href="/wiki/Black_shamanism" title="Black shamanism">Black shamanism</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Red; width:1.8%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1.8%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_but_not_religious" title="Spiritual but not religious">Spiritual but not religious</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:DarkSlateGray; width:24.8%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">24.8%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">Atheism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">irreligion</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Black; width:13.4%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">13.4%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Other and undeclared</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Gray; width:6.8%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">6.8%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dmitry_Medvedev_in_Buryatia_August_2009-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Dmitry_Medvedev_in_Buryatia_August_2009-2.jpg/220px-Dmitry_Medvedev_in_Buryatia_August_2009-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="648" data-file-height="434"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Dmitry_Medvedev_in_Buryatia_August_2009-2.jpg/220px-Dmitry_Medvedev_in_Buryatia_August_2009-2.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Dmitry_Medvedev_in_Buryatia_August_2009-2.jpg/330px-Dmitry_Medvedev_in_Buryatia_August_2009-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Dmitry_Medvedev_in_Buryatia_August_2009-2.jpg/440px-Dmitry_Medvedev_in_Buryatia_August_2009-2.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Dmitry Medvedev">Dmitry Medvedev</a> at a <a href="/wiki/Buddhist_temple" title="Buddhist temple">Buddhist temple</a> in <a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Russia" title="Buddhism in Russia">Buryatia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Traditionally, Buryats adhered to belief systems that were based on the deification of nature, belief in spirits, and the possibility of their magic influence on the surroundings. They were led by <a href="/wiki/Shamanism" title="Shamanism">shamans</a>, who systematized tribal beliefs and cults. From the second half of the 17th century, beliefs and cults in the shamanic form were displaced by <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>, which became widespread in ethnic Buryatia. By the end of the 19th century, the majority of Buryats were part of the Buddhist tradition. A synthesis of Buddhism and traditional beliefs that formed a system of ecological traditions has constituted a major attribute of Buryat culture.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2003, the Local Religious Organization of Shamans, Tengeri was officially registered as a religious organization in Buryatia.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of a 2012 survey<sup id="cite_ref-2012ArenaAtlas_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2012ArenaAtlas-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 27.4% of the population adheres to the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian Orthodox Church</a>, 19.8% to <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>, 2% to the <a href="/wiki/Slavic_Native_Faith" title="Slavic Native Faith">Slavic Native Faith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tengrism" title="Tengrism">Tengrism</a> or Buryat <a href="/wiki/Shamanism" title="Shamanism">shamanism</a>, 4% declares to be <a href="/wiki/Nondenominational_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Nondenominational Christianity">unaffiliated</a> <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a> (excluding Protestants), 1% are Orthodox Christian believers without belonging to churches or are members of other <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Eastern Orthodoxy">Orthodox churches</a>, 1% are members of <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant churches</a>. In addition, 25% of the population declares to be "<a href="/wiki/Spiritual_but_not_religious" title="Spiritual but not religious">spiritual but not religious</a>", 13% to be <a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">atheist</a>, and 10.8% follows another religion or did not give an answer to the survey.<sup id="cite_ref-2012ArenaAtlas_38-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2012ArenaAtlas-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhism" title="Tibetan Buddhism">Tibetan Buddhism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Orthodox Christianity</a> are the most widespread religions in the republic. Many Slavs, who constitute around 67% of the population, are Russian Orthodox. Since the breakup of the USSR in 1991, a small number have converted to various Protestant denominations or to <a href="/wiki/Rodnovery" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodnovery">Rodnovery</a>, also known as the Slavic native faith. There are also some <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholics</a> among the Slavs. Most of the <a href="/wiki/Germans" title="Germans">Germans</a> (0.11% of the population) are also Orthodox, so are some other non-European groups like <a href="/wiki/Armenians" title="Armenians">Armenians</a> (0.23%), <a href="/wiki/Georgians" title="Georgians">Georgians</a> (0.03%), and <a href="/wiki/Soyot" title="Soyot">Soyot</a> (0.37%). Buryats constitute 30.04% of the total population. </p><p>Most urban Buryats are either Buddhist or Orthodox, while those in the rural areas often adhere to <a href="/wiki/Yellow_shamanism" title="Yellow shamanism">Yellow shamanism</a>, a mixture of shamanism and Buddhism, or to <a href="/wiki/Black_shamanism" title="Black shamanism">Black shamanism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are also <a href="/wiki/Tengrism" title="Tengrism">Tengrist</a> movements. <a href="/wiki/Siberian_Tatars" title="Siberian Tatars">Siberian Tatars</a> are around 0.7% of the population. However, due to isolation from the main body of Tatars, many of them now are either non-religious or Orthodox. <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> is followed by immigrant groups like <a href="/wiki/Azeris" class="mw-redirect" title="Azeris">Azeris</a> and <a href="/wiki/Uzbeks" title="Uzbeks">Uzbeks</a>, who constitute another 0.7% of the population. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education">Education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Education" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The higher education institutions of the republic include <a href="/wiki/Buryat_State_University" title="Buryat State University">Buryat State University</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Buryat_State_Academy_of_Agriculture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buryat State Academy of Agriculture (page does not exist)">Buryat State Academy of Agriculture</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Siberian_State_Academy_of_Arts_and_Culture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="East Siberian State Academy of Arts and Culture (page does not exist)">East Siberian State Academy of Arts and Culture</a>, and <a href="/wiki/East_Siberia_State_University_of_Technology_and_Management" title="East Siberia State University of Technology and Management">East Siberia State University of Technology and Management</a>. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Economy" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Buryatia" title="Economy of Buryatia">Economy of Buryatia</a></div> <p>The republic's economy is composed of agricultural and commercial products including <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vegetable" title="Vegetable">vegetables</a>, <a href="/wiki/Potato" title="Potato">potatoes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lumber" title="Lumber">timber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leather" title="Leather">leather</a>, <a href="/wiki/Graphite" title="Graphite">graphite</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Textile" title="Textile">textiles</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fishing" title="Fishing">Fishing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hunting" title="Hunting">hunting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fur_farming" title="Fur farming">fur farming</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sheep_farming" title="Sheep farming">sheep</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cattle-farming" class="mw-redirect" title="Cattle-farming">cattle farming</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mining" title="Mining">mining</a>, stock raising, <a href="/wiki/Engineering" title="Engineering">engineering</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Food_processing" title="Food processing">food processing</a> are also important economic generators. The unemployment rate of Buryatia was 11% in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>GDP pro person nominal in 2018 was 3,650 USD<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and PPP in 2009 was 11,148 USD.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Tourism">Tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Tourism" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <p><a href="/wiki/Lake_Baikal" title="Lake Baikal">Lake Baikal</a> is a popular <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Russia" title="Tourism in Russia">tourist</a> destination, especially in summer. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Kuznetsk_Alatau_3.jpg/32px-Kuznetsk_Alatau_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 32px;height: 21px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Kuznetsk_Alatau_3.jpg/32px-Kuznetsk_Alatau_3.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="32" data-height="21" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Kuznetsk_Alatau_3.jpg/48px-Kuznetsk_Alatau_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Kuznetsk_Alatau_3.jpg/64px-Kuznetsk_Alatau_3.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Siberia" title="Portal:Siberia">Siberia portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Buryatia" title="Music of Buryatia">Music of Buryatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ust-Orda_Buryat_Autonomous_Okrug" title="Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug">Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><div><ul><li><span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">UK</a>: </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/ʊr/: 'our' in 'courier'">ʊr</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/j/: 'y' in 'yes'">j</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">buurr-YAT-ee-ə</i></a>, <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">US</a>: </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/ʊr/: 'our' in 'courier'">ʊr</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/j/: 'y' in 'yes'">j</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">buurr-YAHT-ee-ə</i></a></li><li>Russian: <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Бурятия</span></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a>:</small> <span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">Burjatija</i></span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ru-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Russian" title="Help:IPA/Russian">[bʊˈrʲætʲɪjə]</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Buryat_language" title="Buryat language">Buryat</a>: <span lang="bua">Буряад Улас</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Buryat-language romanization"><i lang="bua-Latn">Buryaad Ulas</i></span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="bua-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[bʊˈrʲaːt<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈʊlə̆s]</a></span></li></ul></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><div><ul><li>Russian: <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Республика Бурятия</span></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a>:</small> <span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">Respublika Burjatija</i></span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ru-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Russian" title="Help:IPA/Russian">[rʲɪˈspublʲɪkə<span class="wrap"> </span>bʊˈrʲætʲɪjə]</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Buryat_language" title="Buryat language">Buryat</a>: <span lang="bua">Буряад Республика</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Buryat-language romanization"><i lang="bua-Latn">Buryaad Riespublika</i></span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="bua-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[bʊˈrʲaːt<span class="wrap"> </span>rʲɪsˈpublʲɪkə]</a></span></li></ul></div></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FederalDistrict-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FederalDistrict_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", No. 20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г.</span></span> (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 <i>On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District</i>. Effective as of May 13, 2000.).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Anthem-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Anthem_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Law #98</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EconomicRegion-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EconomicRegion_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Госстандарт Российской Федерации. №ОК 024-95 27 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2. Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР.</span></span> (<a href="/wiki/Gosstandart" title="Gosstandart">Gosstandart</a> of the Russian Federation. #OK 024-95 December 27, 1995 <i>Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2. Economic Regions</i>, as amended by the Amendment #5/2001 OKER. ).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HeadLegis-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HeadLegis_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HeadLegis_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Constitution, Article 5.3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-local-elections-marked-by-low-turnout-fraud-claims/28728417.html">"Ruling Party Dominates Russian Elections Amid Low Turnout, Opposition Claims Strong Moscow Showing"</a>. <i>RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RadioFreeEurope%2FRadioLiberty&rft.atitle=Ruling+Party+Dominates+Russian+Elections+Amid+Low+Turnout%2C+Opposition+Claims+Strong+Moscow+Showing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rferl.org%2Fa%2Frussia-local-elections-marked-by-low-turnout-fraud-claims%2F28728417.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Area-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Area_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFФедеральная_служба_государственной_статистики_(Federal_State_Statistics_Service)2004" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://perepis2002.ru/ct/html/TOM_01_03.htm">"Территория, число районов, населённых пунктов и сельских администраций по субъектам Российской Федерации (<i>Territory, Number of Districts, Inhabited Localities, and Rural Administration by Federal Subjects of the Russian Federation</i>)"</a>. <i>Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002)</i> (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-11-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%92%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+2002+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%28All-Russia+Population+Census+of+2002%29&rft.atitle=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%2C+%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8+%28Territory%2C+Number+of+Districts%2C+Inhabited+Localities%2C+and+Rural+Administration+by+Federal+Subjects+of+the+Russian+Federation%29&rft.date=2004-05-21&rft.au=%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8+%28Federal+State+Statistics+Service%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fperepis2002.ru%2Fct%2Fhtml%2FTOM_01_03.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2021Census-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2021Census_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2021Census_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/tab-5_VPN-2020.xlsx">"Оценка численности постоянного населения по субъектам Российской Федерации"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Federal_State_Statistics_Service_(Russia)" title="Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)">Federal State Statistics Service</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9E%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.pub=Federal+State+Statistics+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frosstat.gov.ru%2Fstorage%2Fmediabank%2Ftab-5_VPN-2020.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&prevDoc=102483854&backlink=1&&nd=102148085"><bdi lang="ru">"Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации</bdi></a> (in Russian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22%D0%9E%D0%B1+%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%22.+%D0%9E%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpravo.gov.ru%2Fproxy%2Fips%2F%3Fdocbody%3D%26prevDoc%3D102483854%26backlink%3D1%26%26nd%3D102148085&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Languages-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Languages_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Constitution, Article 67</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Russian-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Russian_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Official throughout the Russian Federation according to Article 68.1 of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Russia" title="Constitution of Russia">Constitution of Russia</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220205162518/http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201811040002?index=0&rangeSize=1">"Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации"</a>. <i>publication.pravo.gov.ru</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201811040002?index=0&rangeSize=1">the original</a> on 2022-02-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-11-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=publication.pravo.gov.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%9E%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpublication.pravo.gov.ru%2FDocument%2FView%2F0001201811040002%3Findex%3D0%26rangeSize%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_14-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChakars2014" class="citation book cs1">Chakars, Melissa (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/878406217"><i>The socialist way of life in Siberia : transformation in Buryatia</i></a>. Budapest: Central European University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-963-386-014-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-963-386-014-4"><bdi>978-963-386-014-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/878406217">878406217</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+socialist+way+of+life+in+Siberia+%3A+transformation+in+Buryatia&rft.place=Budapest&rft.pub=Central+European+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F878406217&rft.isbn=978-963-386-014-4&rft.aulast=Chakars&rft.aufirst=Melissa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F878406217&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">History of Mongolia, Volume I, 2003</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HM-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HM_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HM_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">History of Mongolia, Volume II, 2003</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_17-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuijada2019" class="citation book cs1">Quijada, Justine B. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1045640510"><i>Buddhists, shamans, and Soviets : rituals of history in post-Soviet Buryatia</i></a>. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-091680-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-091680-0"><bdi>978-0-19-091680-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1045640510">1045640510</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Buddhists%2C+shamans%2C+and+Soviets+%3A+rituals+of+history+in+post-Soviet+Buryatia&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1045640510&rft.isbn=978-0-19-091680-0&rft.aulast=Quijada&rft.aufirst=Justine+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1045640510&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Kiakhta"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Kiakhta">"Kiakhta" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 782.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Kiakhta&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=782&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Founded-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Founded_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMark_Mancall1971" class="citation book cs1">Mark Mancall (1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UEduAAAAMAAJ"><i>Russia and China: their diplomatic relations to 1728, (Volume 61 of Harvard East Asian series, Center for East Asian Studies, Harvard University)</i></a>. Harvard University Press. p. 263. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780674781153" title="Special:BookSources/9780674781153"><bdi>9780674781153</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Russia+and+China%3A+their+diplomatic+relations+to+1728%2C+%28Volume+61+of+Harvard+East+Asian+series%2C+Center+for+East+Asian+Studies%2C+Harvard+University%29.&rft.pages=263&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=1971&rft.isbn=9780674781153&rft.au=Mark+Mancall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUEduAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToshihiro_MinoharaEvan_N._Dawley2021" class="citation book cs1">Toshihiro Minohara; Evan N. Dawley (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1222777577"><i>Beyond Versailles : the 1919 moment and a new order in East Asia</i></a>. Lanham, Maryland: Lexington Books. pp. 81–98. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4985-5446-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4985-5446-6"><bdi>978-1-4985-5446-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1222777577">1222777577</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Beyond+Versailles+%3A+the+1919+moment+and+a+new+order+in+East+Asia&rft.place=Lanham%2C+Maryland&rft.pages=81-98&rft.pub=Lexington+Books&rft.date=2021&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1222777577&rft.isbn=978-1-4985-5446-6&rft.au=Toshihiro+Minohara&rft.au=Evan+N.+Dawley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1222777577&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRupen1956" class="citation journal cs1">Rupen, Robert A. (1956). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2941876">"The Buriat Intelligentsia"</a>. <i>The Far Eastern Quarterly</i>. <b>15</b> (3): 383–398. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2941876">10.2307/2941876</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0363-6917">0363-6917</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2941876">2941876</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Far+Eastern+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+Buriat+Intelligentsia&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=383-398&rft.date=1956&rft.issn=0363-6917&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2941876%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2941876&rft.aulast=Rupen&rft.aufirst=Robert+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2941876&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChakars2009" class="citation journal cs1">Chakars, Melissa (2009-01-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/view/journals/inas/11/1/article-p47_4.xml">"Buryat Literature as a Political and Cultural Institution from the 1950s to the 1970s"</a>. <i>Inner Asia</i>. <b>11</b> (1): 47–63. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F000000009793066569">10.1163/000000009793066569</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2210-5018">2210-5018</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inner+Asia&rft.atitle=Buryat+Literature+as+a+Political+and+Cultural+Institution+from+the+1950s+to+the+1970s&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=47-63&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F000000009793066569&rft.issn=2210-5018&rft.aulast=Chakars&rft.aufirst=Melissa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrill.com%2Fview%2Fjournals%2Finas%2F11%2F1%2Farticle-p47_4.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-asymmetries-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-asymmetries_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSolnick1996" class="citation journal cs1">Solnick, Steven (29 May 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170828112303/https://www.ucis.pitt.edu/nceeer/1996-810-08-Solnick.pdf">"Asymmetries in Russian Federation Bargaining"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The National Council for Soviet and East European Research</i>: 12. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+National+Council+for+Soviet+and+East+European+Research&rft.atitle=Asymmetries+in+Russian+Federation+Bargaining&rft.pages=12&rft.date=1996-05-29&rft.aulast=Solnick&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucis.pitt.edu%2Fnceeer%2F1996-810-08-Solnick.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-demokratiztsiya-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-demokratiztsiya_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuman" class="citation journal cs1">Chuman, Mizuki. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190308002915/http://demokratizatsiya.pub/archives/19_2_L7H017206G216817.pdf">"The Rise and Fall of Power-Sharing Treaties Between Center and Regions in Post-Soviet Russia"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Demokratizatsiya</i>: 146. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-05-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Demokratizatsiya&rft.atitle=The+Rise+and+Fall+of+Power-Sharing+Treaties+Between+Center+and+Regions+in+Post-Soviet+Russia&rft.pages=146&rft.aulast=Chuman&rft.aufirst=Mizuki&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdemokratizatsiya.pub%2Farchives%2F19_2_L7H017206G216817.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarbonnel2013" class="citation news cs1">Carbonnel, Alissa de (April 2, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-elections-idUSBRE9310GR20130402">"Putin signs law to allow him to pick Russian governors"</a>. <i>Reuters</i> – via www.reuters.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Putin+signs+law+to+allow+him+to+pick+Russian+governors&rft.date=2013-04-02&rft.aulast=Carbonnel&rft.aufirst=Alissa+de&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-russia-elections-idUSBRE9310GR20130402&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://barentsobserver.com/en/politics/russia-reinstates-governor-elections">"Russia reinstates governor elections"</a>. <i>Barentsobserver</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Barentsobserver&rft.atitle=Russia+reinstates+governor+elections&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbarentsobserver.com%2Fen%2Fpolitics%2Frussia-reinstates-governor-elections&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://siberiantimes.com/other/others/news/n0868-new-head-of-buryatia-promises-boost-in-tourism-to-siberias-buddhist-region/">"New head of Buryatia promises boost in tourism to Siberia's Buddhist region"</a>. <i>siberiantimes.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=siberiantimes.com&rft.atitle=New+head+of+Buryatia+promises+boost+in+tourism+to+Siberia%27s+Buddhist+region&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsiberiantimes.com%2Fother%2Fothers%2Fnews%2Fn0868-new-head-of-buryatia-promises-boost-in-tourism-to-siberias-buddhist-region%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2024/03/20/the-extent-of-fraud-in-russia-s-presidential-election-begins-to-emerge_6638830_4.html">"The extent of fraud in Russia's presidential election begins to emerge"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le 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class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240317220041/https://ria.ru/20240317/vybory-1924359788.html">Archived</a> from the original on 17 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%A0%D0%98%D0%90+%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8&rft.atitle=%D0%98%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8+%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.date=2024-03-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fria.ru%2F20240317%2Fvybory-1924359788.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2010Census-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2010Census_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRussian_Federal_State_Statistics_Service2011" 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Том 1</bdi></a> [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. <bdi lang="ru">Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census]</bdi> (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/Federal_State_Statistics_Service_(Russia)" title="Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)">Federal State Statistics Service</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%92%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+2010+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0.+%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC+1&rft.pub=Federal+State+Statistics+Service&rft.date=2011&rft.au=Russian+Federal+State+Statistics+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gks.ru%2Ffree_doc%2Fnew_site%2Fperepis2010%2Fcroc%2Fperepis_itogi1612.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PopCensus-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PopCensus_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFederal_State_Statistics_Service2004" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Federal_State_Statistics_Service_(Russia)" title="Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)">Federal State Statistics Service</a> (21 May 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls"><bdi lang="ru">Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек</bdi></a> [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] <span class="cs1-format">(XLS)</span>. <bdi lang="ru">Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002]</bdi> (in Russian).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8%2C+%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B2+%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5+%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%2C+%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2+%E2%80%93+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D1%81+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BC+3+%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8F%D1%87%D0%B8+%D0%B8+%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5+%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA&rft.date=2004-05-21&rft.au=Federal+State+Statistics+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.perepis2002.ru%2Fct%2Fdoc%2F1_TOM_01_04.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census1989-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Census1989_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php"><bdi lang="ru">Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров</bdi></a> [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. <bdi lang="ru">Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989]</bdi> (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via <i>Demoscope Weekly</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%92%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+1989+%D0%B3.+%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%B8+%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%2C+%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9+%D0%B8+%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%91%D0%B2%2C+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%2C+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%B8+%D1%81%D1%91%D0%BB-%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2&rft.pub=%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82+%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%3A+%D0%92%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0+%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8+%5BInstitute+of+Demography+at+the+National+Research+University%3A+Higher+School+of+Economics%5D&rft.date=1989&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdemoscope.ru%2Fweekly%2Fssp%2Frus89_reg.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080412011659/http://www.gks.ru/dbscripts/Cbsd/DBInet.cgi#1">"Центральная База Статистических Данных"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gks.ru/dbscripts/Cbsd/DBInet.cgi#1">the original</a> on 2008-04-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-01-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gks.ru%2Fdbscripts%2FCbsd%2FDBInet.cgi%231&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_main/rosstat/ru/statistics/publications/catalog/doc_1137674209312"><bdi lang="ru">Демографический ежегодник России</bdi></a> [Demographic Yearbook of Russia] (in Russian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-10-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gks.ru%2Fwps%2Fwcm%2Fconnect%2Frosstat_main%2Frosstat%2Fru%2Fstatistics%2Fpublications%2Fcatalog%2Fdoc_1137674209312&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110204020711/http://burstat.gks.ru/digital/region1/DocLib/nas_godgor.htm">"Города и районы РБ"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://burstat.gks.ru/digital/region1/DocLib/nas_godgor.htm">the original</a> on 2011-02-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-10-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%D0%B8+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B+%D0%A0%D0%91&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fburstat.gks.ru%2Fdigital%2Fregion1%2FDocLib%2Fnas_godgor.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census2021-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census2021_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Tom5_tab1_VPN-2020.xlsx">"Национальный состав населения"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Federal_State_Statistics_Service_(Russia)" title="Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)">Federal State Statistics Service</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Sreda, 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2012Arena-religion-maps-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2012Arena-religion-maps_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://c2.kommersant.ru/ISSUES.PHOTO/OGONIOK/2012/034/ogcyhjk2.jpg">2012 Arena Atlas Religion Maps</a>. "Ogonek", No. 34 (5243), 27/08/2012. Retrieved 21/04/2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170421154615/http://c2.kommersant.ru/ISSUES.PHOTO/OGONIOK/2012/034/ogcyhjk2.jpg">Archived</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unspecial.org/2013/01/buryatia-a-symbol-of-eurasia-in-the-heartland-of-baikal">Esuna Dugarova. Buryatia – a symbol of Eurasia in the heartland of Baikal.</a> <a href="/wiki/UN_Special_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="UN Special (magazine)">UN Special (magazine)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShimamura2014" class="citation book cs1">Shimamura, Ippei (2014). <i>The Roots Seekers: Shamanism and Ethnicity among the Mongol Buryats</i>. Yokohama, Tanagawa, Japan: Shumpusha Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-4-86110-397-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-4-86110-397-1"><bdi>978-4-86110-397-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Roots+Seekers%3A+Shamanism+and+Ethnicity+among+the+Mongol+Buryats&rft.place=Yokohama%2C+Tanagawa%2C+Japan&rft.pub=Shumpusha+Publishing&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-4-86110-397-1&rft.aulast=Shimamura&rft.aufirst=Ippei&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://knoema.com//atlas/Russian-Federation/Buryatia-Republic-of/Unemployment-rate">"Buryatia, Republic of Unemployment rate, 2000-2022 - knoema.com"</a>. <i>Knoema</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-10-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Knoema&rft.atitle=Buryatia%2C+Republic+of+Unemployment+rate%2C+2000-2022+-+knoema.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fknoema.com%2F%2Fatlas%2FRussian-Federation%2FBuryatia-Republic-of%2FUnemployment-rate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mrd.gks.ru/folder/27963">"Валовой региональный продукт"</a>. <i>mrd.gks.ru</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mrd.gks.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmrd.gks.ru%2Ffolder%2F27963&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160318114713/http://www.undp.ru/documents/nhdr2011eng.pdf">"UNDP"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.undp.ru/documents/nhdr2011eng.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2016-03-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-10-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UNDP&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.undp.ru%2Fdocuments%2Fnhdr2011eng.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Sources" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <ul><li><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Верховный Совет Республики Бурятия. 22 февраля 1994 г. «Республика Бурятия. Конституция», в ред. Закона №332-IV от 7 июля 2008 г.</span></span> (Supreme Council of the Republic of Buryatia. February 22, 1994 <i>Republic of Buryatia. Constitution</i>, as amended by the Law #332-IV of July 7, 2008. ).</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Further reading" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeisseUtta-Kristin_Leisse2007" class="citation journal cs1">Leisse, Olaf; Utta-Kristin Leisse (September 2007). "A Siberian Challenge: Dealing with Multiethnicity in the Republic of Buryatia". <i><a href="/wiki/Nationalities_Papers" title="Nationalities Papers">Nationalities Papers</a></i>. <b>35</b> (4): 773–788. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00905990701475178">10.1080/00905990701475178</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:154820578">154820578</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nationalities+Papers&rft.atitle=A+Siberian+Challenge%3A+Dealing+with+Multiethnicity+in+the+Republic+of+Buryatia&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=773-788&rft.date=2007-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00905990701475178&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A154820578%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Leisse&rft.aufirst=Olaf&rft.au=Utta-Kristin+Leisse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuryatia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>Anthology of Buryat folklore</i>, Pushkinskiĭ dom, 2000 (CD)</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(13)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-13 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-13"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div 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title="commons:Category:Buryatia">Buryatia</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041204033734/http://egov-buryatia.ru:8081/">Official website of the Republic of Buryatia</a></li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040216024317/http://gov.buryatia.ru:8080/">Official website of the Republic of Buryatia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040804011638/http://gov.buryatia.ru:8082/">Official website of the Republic of Buryatia</a> (in Buryat)</li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://buryatia.org">Buryatia.org</a>, site about life in the Republic of Buryatia</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100427043140/http://www.frontlineonnet.com/fl2704/stories/20100226270406400.htm">Article on Buddhism in Buryatia and Mongolia</a></li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://xn--90aoxid7ec.xn--h1akdx.xn--80aswg/">Informational website of Buryatia</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output 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href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&oldid=1258469773">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&oldid=1258469773</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Buryatia&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="CRau080" data-user-gender="male" data-timestamp="1732055646"> <span>Last edited on 19 November 2024, at 22:34</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Buryat" title="Republik Buryat – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Republik Buryat" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boerjati%C3%AB" title="Boerjatië – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Boerjatië" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A1%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%AB%E1%89%B2%E1%8B%AB" title="ቡርያቲያ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቡርያቲያ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="بورياتيا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بورياتيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buriatia" title="Buriatia – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Buriatia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buriatia" title="Buriatia – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Buriatia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buryatiya" title="Buryatiya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Buryatiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="بوریاتیا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بوریاتیا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buryatia" title="Buryatia – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Buryatia" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D2%AF%D1%80%D3%99%D1%82_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Бүрәт Республикаһы – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Бүрәт Республикаһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Бурація – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Бурація" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Буратыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Буратыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Бурятия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бурятия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8D" title="བུར་ཡད་སོག་ཡུལ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="བུར་ཡད་སོག་ཡུལ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burjatija" title="Burjatija – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Burjatija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bouryatia" title="Bouryatia – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Bouryatia" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Буряад Улас – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Буряад Улас" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buri%C3%A0tia" title="Buriàtia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Buriàtia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Буряти – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Буряти" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respublika_Buryatiya" title="Respublika Buryatiya – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Respublika Buryatiya" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burjatsko" title="Burjatsko – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Burjatsko" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republikken_Burjatia" title="Republikken Burjatia – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Republikken Burjatia" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burjatia" title="Burjatia – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Burjatia" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burjatien" title="Burjatien – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Burjatien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burjaatia" title="Burjaatia – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Burjaatia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Δημοκρατία της Μπουργιατίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δημοκρατία της Μπουργιατίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Бурятия Республикась – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Бурятия Республикась" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buriatia" title="Buriatia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Buriatia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burjatio" title="Burjatio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Burjatio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buriatia" title="Buriatia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Buriatia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="بوریاتیا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بوریاتیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bouriatie" title="Bouriatie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bouriatie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Bhuiri%C3%A1it" title="An Bhuiriáit – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Bhuiriáit" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buryatiya" title="Buryatiya – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Buryatiya" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_dos_Buriatos" title="República dos Buriatos – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="República dos Buriatos" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buryatia_Khiung-f%C3%B2-koet" title="Buryatia Khiung-fò-koet – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Buryatia Khiung-fò-koet" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B0%D2%A3%D2%BB%D1%87" title="Бурядин таңһч – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Бурядин таңһч" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%80%EB%9E%B4%ED%8B%B0%EC%95%BC_%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" title="부랴티야 공화국 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="부랴티야 공화국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%A9%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Բուրյաթիայի Հանրապետություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բուրյաթիայի Հանրապետություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बुर्यातिया – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बुर्यातिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burjatska" title="Burjatska – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Burjatska" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burjatija" title="Burjatija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Burjatija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buryatia" title="Buryatia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Buryatia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buryatia" title="Buryatia – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Buryatia" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Буряти – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Буряти" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buriazia" title="Buriazia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Buriazia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%98%D7%99%D7%94" title="בוריאטיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בוריאטיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buryatia" title="Buryatia – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Buryatia" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="ბურიატეთი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბურიატეთი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Бурятия – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Бурятия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buryatia" title="Buryatia – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Buryatia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Бурятия – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Бурятия" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Бурятия – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Бурятия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buriatia" title="Buriatia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Buriatia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burjatija" title="Burjatija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Burjatija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burjatien" title="Burjatien – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Burjatien" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buriatija" title="Buriatija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Buriatija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_de_Buriatia" title="Republica de Buriatia – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Republica de Buriatia" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buriazia" title="Buriazia – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Buriazia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burj%C3%A1tf%C3%B6ld" title="Burjátföld – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Burjátföld" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Бурјатија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Бурјатија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बुर्यातिया – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बुर्यातिया" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="ბურიატეთი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ბურიატეთი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="بورياتيا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بورياتيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="بوریاتیا جمهوری – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="بوریاتیا جمهوری" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Buryatia" title="Republik Buryatia – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Republik Buryatia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buryatia" title="Buryatia – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Buryatia" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Буриад – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Буриад" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boerjati%C3%AB" title="Boerjatië – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Boerjatië" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%96%E3%83%AA%E3%83%A4%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="ブリヤート共和国 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ブリヤート共和国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Буряти – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Буряти" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burjaatien" title="Burjaatien – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Burjaatien" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burjatia" title="Burjatia – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Burjatia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burjatia" title="Burjatia – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Burjatia" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bori%C3%A0tia" title="Boriàtia – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Boriàtia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Бурятий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Бурятий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buryatiya" title="Buryatiya – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Buryatiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="بریاتیا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بریاتیا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="بورياتيا جمهوريت – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="بورياتيا جمهوريت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BC%D1%83" title="Бурятму – Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Бурятму" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buriacja" title="Buriacja – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Buriacja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buri%C3%A1cia" title="Buriácia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Buriácia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bur%C3%A2t_Ulus%C4%B1" title="Burât Ulusı – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Burât Ulusı" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bureatia" title="Bureatia – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Bureatia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Бурятия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бурятия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%8D%D1%82_%D3%A8%D1%80%D3%A9%D1%81%D0%BF%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%B1%D2%AF%D0%BB%D2%AF%D0%BA%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8D" title="Бүрээт Өрөспүүбүлүкэтэ – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Бүрээт Өрөспүүбүлүкэтэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buryatie" title="Buryatie – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Buryatie" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burjatia" title="Burjatia – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Burjatia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buryatia" title="Buryatia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Buryatia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="بورياتيا – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="بورياتيا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buriatsko" title="Buriatsko – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Buriatsko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burjatija" title="Burjatija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Burjatija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burjacyj%C5%8F" title="Burjacyjŏ – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Burjacyjŏ" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Бурјатија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бурјатија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burjatska" title="Burjatska – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Burjatska" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buryatia" title="Buryatia – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Buryatia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burjatia" title="Burjatia – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Burjatia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burjatien" title="Burjatien – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Burjatien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buryatiya" title="Buryatiya – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Buryatiya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE" title="புரியாத்தியா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="புரியாத்தியா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Бурятия – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Бурятия" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="สาธารณรัฐบูเรียเตีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สาธารณรัฐบูเรียเตีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buryatya" title="Buryatya – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Buryatya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Бурят Республика – Tuvinian" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Бурят Республика" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Бурятия – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Бурятия" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Бурятія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бурятія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="بوریاتیا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بوریاتیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%87%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95" title="بۇرياتىيە – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="بۇرياتىيە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buri%C3%A0sia" title="Buriàsia – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Buriàsia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bur%C3%A4tijan_Tazovaldkund" title="Burätijan Tazovaldkund – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Burätijan Tazovaldkund" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buryatia" title="Buryatia – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Buryatia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_han_Buryatia" title="Republika han Buryatia – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Republika han Buryatia" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E7%89%B9%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="布里亚特共和国 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="布里亚特共和国" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9E%E7%89%B9" title="布里亞特 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="布里亞特" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buryatya" title="Buryatya – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Buryatya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9E%E7%89%B9%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="布里亞特共和國 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="布里亞特共和國" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 19 November 2024, at 22:34<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" 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