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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" class=" story nytapp-vi-article " xmlns:og="http://opengraphprotocol.org/schema/"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <title data-rh="true">Los Angeles Had Substandard Hydrants Near Devastating Fire’s Starting Point - The New York Times</title> <meta data-rh="true" name="robots" content="noarchive, max-image-preview:large"/><meta data-rh="true" name="description" content="The Palisades fire first took hold in a neighborhood where many hydrants had only a single small outlet for firefighters to use."/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:url" content="https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/04/us/los-angeles-fire-hydrants-substandard.html"/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:title" content="Los Angeles Had Substandard Hydrants Near Devastating Fire’s Starting Point"/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:description" content="The Palisades fire first took hold in a neighborhood where many hydrants had only a single small outlet for firefighters to 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srcSet="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2025/01/30/multimedia/00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-horizontal-top-vwbf/00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-horizontal-top-vwbf-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&auto=webp 600w,https://static01.nyt.com/images/2025/01/30/multimedia/00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-horizontal-top-vwbf/00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-horizontal-top-vwbf-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&auto=webp 1024w,https://static01.nyt.com/images/2025/01/30/multimedia/00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-horizontal-top-vwbf/00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-horizontal-top-vwbf-superJumbo.jpg?quality=75&auto=webp 2048w" sizes="100vw" decoding="async" width="600" height="400"/></picture><div class="css-1gfk52b"><div><p class="css-1pjtgb9 e6idgb70"></p><div class="css-1vkm6nb ehdk2mb0"><h1 id="link-6a22a8c5" class="css-4um83n e1h9rw200" data-testid="headline">Los Angeles Had Substandard Hydrants Near Devastating Fire’s Starting Point</h1></div><p class="css-178vgup e1wiw3jv0">The Palisades fire first took hold in a neighborhood where many hydrants had only a single small outlet for firefighters to use.</p></div></div></div><figcaption data-testid="photoviewer-children-ImageCaption" class="css-ktho12 e3rygrp0"><span class="css-jevhma e13ogyst0">Single-outlet hydrants were installed in Los Angeles neighborhoods decades ago, some as far back as the 1940s.</span><span class="css-14fe1uy e1z0qqy90"><span class="css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0">Credit...</span><span><span aria-hidden="false">Erin Schaff/The New York Times</span></span></span></figcaption></figure></div></div><div class="css-1fk8pie"><div><p class="css-1pjtgb9 e6idgb70"></p><div class="css-1vkm6nb ehdk2mb0"><h1 id="link-6a22a8c5" class="css-4um83n e1h9rw200" data-testid="headline">Los Angeles Had Substandard Hydrants Near Devastating Fire’s Starting Point</h1></div><p class="css-178vgup e1wiw3jv0">The Palisades fire first took hold in a neighborhood where many hydrants had only a single small outlet for firefighters to use.</p></div></div></header><div class="css-yi0xdk e89cr9k0"><p class="css-a8rmpe" aria-hidden="true"><span class="css-1f1w20n us">Single-outlet hydrants were installed in Los Angeles neighborhoods decades ago, some as far back as the 1940s.</span><span class="css-14fe1uy e1z0qqy90"><span class="css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0">Credit...</span><span><span>Erin Schaff/The New York Times</span></span></span></p></div><div id="sponsor-wrapper" class="css-1hyfx7x"><div id="sponsor-slug" class="css-twqvxd"><p>Supported by</p></div><a href="#after-sponsor" class="css-777zgl">SKIP ADVERTISEMENT</a><div class="ad sponsor-wrapper css-rfqw0c" id="sponsor"></div><div id="after-sponsor"></div></div><div class="css-141yyh8 e89cr9k1"><div class="css-1mc46rn"><div class="css-1von7hd"><audio preload="metadata" src="https://static.nytimes.com/narrated-articles/synthetic/article-9696c1d8-51de-53c5-96a0-45843158a991/job-1738697220870/article-9696c1d8-51de-53c5-96a0-45843158a991-job-1738697220870.mp3" type="audio/mpeg"></audio><div class="css-b8gc4a"><div 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class="css-uwwqev"><img alt="Mike Baker" title="Mike Baker" src="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2020/05/19/reader-center/author-mike-baker/author-mike-baker-thumbLarge.png" class="css-dc6zx6 ey68jwv2"/></a><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/by/robert-gebeloff" class="css-uwwqev"><img alt="Robert Gebeloff" title="Robert Gebeloff" src="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2018/06/12/multimedia/author-robert-gebeloff/author-robert-gebeloff-thumbLarge-v2.png" class="css-dc6zx6 ey68jwv2"/></a></div><div class="css-233int epjyd6m1"><p class="css-4anu6l e1jsehar1"><span class="byline-prefix">By </span><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/by/mike-baker" class="css-ojhyzr e1jsehar0" itemProp="name">Mike Baker</a> and <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/by/robert-gebeloff" class="last-byline css-ojhyzr e1jsehar0" itemProp="name">Robert Gebeloff</a></p><div class="css-lsim6h epjyd6m0"></div></div></div><ul class="css-1cgskve epjyd6m4"><li class="css-ccw2r3 epjyd6m3"><time dateTime="2025-02-04T05:01:29-05:00" class="css-1gu861y e16638kd2"><span class="css-1sbuyqj e16638kd3">Feb. 4, 2025</span></time></li></ul></div></div></div><section name="articleBody" class="meteredContent css-1r7ky0e"><div class="css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn" data-testid="companionColumn-0"><div class="css-53u6y8"><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">In the early stages of a fire that swept through Pacific Palisades in Los Angeles, firefighters made an attempt to stop it in a residential area high in the rugged hills — a neighborhood that had an unusual set of fire hydrants.</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">Across several city blocks, on the edge of parched wild lands, water for firefighting was provided by dozens of aging hydrants, each featuring a single 2.5-inch outlet for attaching a hose. The standard for modern fire hydrants is to be equipped with a larger outlet for firefighters to draw a greater volume of water, in addition to at least one other outlet.</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">The older hydrants with a single 2.5-inch outlet “are not considered to be suitable for normal fire-protection service,” according to the American Water Works Association, which establishes industry standards for fire hydrants across the country. Yet a New York Times review found them present — and, in many cases, the only source of water for firefighting — in several areas of Pacific Palisades, as well as other neighborhoods of Los Angeles.</p></div><aside class="css-ew4tgv" aria-label="companion column"></aside></div><div data-testid="Dropzone-1"></div><div class="css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn" data-testid="companionColumn-1"><div class="css-53u6y8"><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">It is unclear whether the larger, more modern hydrants could have helped firefighters limit the spread of the fire in those early moments, before the wind-stoked flames began jumping through the neighborhood and grew out of control. But the outdated hydrants are yet another mark on a city water system that was already under scrutiny after firefighters reported running out of water many hours into their battle against the Palisades blaze.</p></div><aside class="css-ew4tgv" aria-label="companion column"></aside></div><div data-testid="InteractiveBlock-3"><section data-testid="inline-interactive" id="palisades-hydrant-map" data-id="100000009948244" data-source-id="100000009948244" class="interactive-content interactive-size-scoop css-1vobcg1"><div class="css-17ih8de interactive-body" slug="palisades-hydrant-map" data-sourceid="100000009948244" id="embed-id-100000009948244"> <script>window.registerInteractive && window.registerInteractive("100000009948244");</script> <!-- birdkit: do not modify this file --> <head> <link href="https://static01.nytimes.com/newsgraphics/2025-01-24-palisades-hydrant-map/ce433d40-5826-4595-8fba-f66674cea95f/_assets/_app/immutable/assets/2.DYBLWEbW.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link 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href="https://static01.nytimes.com/newsgraphics/2025-01-24-palisades-hydrant-map/ce433d40-5826-4595-8fba-f66674cea95f/_assets/_app/immutable/chunks/preload-helper.BQ24v_F8.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" href="https://static01.nytimes.com/newsgraphics/2025-01-24-palisades-hydrant-map/ce433d40-5826-4595-8fba-f66674cea95f/_assets/_app/immutable/chunks/index.-Ccl8Db-.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" href="https://static01.nytimes.com/newsgraphics/2025-01-24-palisades-hydrant-map/ce433d40-5826-4595-8fba-f66674cea95f/_assets/_app/immutable/nodes/0.BEdPGtnm.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" href="https://static01.nytimes.com/newsgraphics/2025-01-24-palisades-hydrant-map/ce433d40-5826-4595-8fba-f66674cea95f/_assets/_app/immutable/nodes/2.BowpHKDo.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" href="https://static01.nytimes.com/newsgraphics/2025-01-24-palisades-hydrant-map/ce433d40-5826-4595-8fba-f66674cea95f/_assets/_app/immutable/chunks/stores.BYNUA8Wf.js"> </head> <div id="g-2025-01-24-palisades-hydrant-map" class="birdkit-body g-2025-01-24-palisades-hydrant-map g-dark-mode-incompatible" data-preview-slug="2025-01-24-palisades-hydrant-map" data-birdkit-hydrate="1566dbc8a3696ead" > <figure class="g-wrapper svelte-141yli7 g-needs-margin-block" style="--g-wrapper_margin-block:25px 0px;--g-wrapper_margin-top:25px;--g-wrapper_margin-bottom:0px"><div class="g-block g-block-margin svelte-1jrfrvl g-margin-inline" style=""><div class="g-block-width g-max-width-body svelte-1jrfrvl"><div class="g-wrapper_hed g-text-align-left svelte-1so50ue"><h3 class="g-heading svelte-1so50ue"><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->Location of fire hydrants with 2.5-inch and 4-inch outlets in Pacific Palisades<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></h3> </div></div> </div> <div class="g-block g-block-margin svelte-1jrfrvl g-margin-inline" style=""><div class="g-block-width g-max-width-body svelte-1jrfrvl"> <div class="g-key-container g-key-align-left svelte-1vlbxf7" role="list" aria-label="Key to the information shown in graphic" aria-hidden="true"><div class="g-key-item g-key-item-align-left svelte-l5i8ix"> <div class="g-key-swatch g-label-position-right svelte-1slg0h1" role="listitem"><div class="g-circle g-key-symbol svelte-1slg0h1" style="background-color: #188fe8;"></div> <p class="svelte-1slg0h1"><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->Hydrants with 4-inch outlets<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></p> </div><div class="g-key-swatch g-label-position-right svelte-1slg0h1" role="listitem"><div class="g-circle g-key-symbol svelte-1slg0h1" style="background-color: #ff5b00;"></div> <p class="svelte-1slg0h1"><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->Hydrants with 2.5-inch outlets<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></p> </div> </div> </div></div> </div> </figure><figure class="g-wrapper svelte-141yli7 g-needs-margin-block" style="--g-wrapper_margin-block:0px 25px;--g-wrapper_margin-top:0px;--g-wrapper_margin-bottom:25px" aria-label="graphic"> <div class="g-block g-block-margin svelte-1jrfrvl g-margin-inline" style=""><div class="g-block-width g-max-width-body svelte-1jrfrvl"> 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style="top: 94.9704%; margin-top: -12.5px; left: 28.1473%; margin-left: -70px; width: 140px" > <p class="g-pstyle2">Santa Monica Bay</p> </div> <div id="g-ai0-5" class="g-LABELS g-aiAbs g-aiPointText" style="top: 96.981%; margin-top: -9.3px; left: 0.9033%; width: 71px" > <p class="g-pstyle3">0.5 mile</p> </div> </div> <!-- Artboard: Artboard_2 --> <div id="g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_2" class="g-artboard" style="max-width: 599px; max-height: 789px" data-aspect-ratio="0.76" data-min-width="0" data-max-width="599" > <div style="padding: 0 0 131.6634% 0"></div> <img id="g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_2-img" class="g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_2-img g-aiImg" alt="" data-src="https://static01.nytimes.com/newsgraphics/2025-01-24-palisades-hydrant-map/ce433d40-5826-4595-8fba-f66674cea95f/_assets/pacific-highlands-Artboard_2.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhCgAKAIAAAB8fHwAAACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAKAAoAAAIIhI+py+0PYysAOw==" /> <div id="g-ai1-1" class="g-text-shadow-white g-aiAbs g-aiPointText" 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While firefighters are used to working with the infrastructure they are given, he said, hydrants with larger outlets are considered preferable, in part because water volume is more important than pressure when trying to put out a blaze.</p><div class="css-1336jj"><div class="css-121kum4"><div class="css-171quhb"></div><div class="css-asuuk5"><noscript><div class="css-7axq9l" data-testid="optimistic-truncator-noscript"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true" class="css-1b5b8u1"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M2.5 12a9.5 9.5 0 1 1 19 0 9.5 9.5 0 0 1-19 0Zm8.5 1.75v-7.5h2v7.5h-2Zm0 2v2h2v-2h-2Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><div data-testid="optimistic-truncator-noscript-message" class="css-6yo1no"><p class="css-3kpklk">We are having trouble retrieving the article content.</p><p class="css-3kpklk">Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.</p></div></div></noscript><div class="css-1dv1kvn" id="optimistic-truncator-a11y" tabindex="-1"><hr/><p>Thank you for your patience while we verify access. 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hydrants."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":0},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Across several city blocks, on the edge of parched wild lands, water for firefighting was provided by dozens of aging hydrants, each featuring a single 2.5-inch outlet for attaching a hose. The standard for modern fire hydrants is to be equipped with a larger outlet for firefighters to draw a greater volume of water, in addition to at least one other outlet."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":1},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"The older hydrants with a single 2.5-inch outlet “are not considered to be suitable for normal fire-protection service,” according to the American Water Works Association, which establishes industry standards for fire hydrants across the country. Yet a New York Times review found them present — and, in many cases, the only source of water for firefighting — in several areas of Pacific Palisades, as well as other neighborhoods of Los Angeles."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":true,"adsDesktopHoldout":true,"adsHybrid":true,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":false,"index":2},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"It is unclear whether the larger, more modern hydrants could have helped firefighters limit the spread of the fire in those early moments, before the wind-stoked flames began jumping through the neighborhood and grew out of control. But the outdated hydrants are yet another mark on a city water system that was already under scrutiny after firefighters reported running out of water many hours into their battle against the Palisades blaze."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":true,"index":3},{"__typename":"InteractiveBlock","media":{"__typename":"EmbeddedInteractive","advertisingProperties":{"__typename":"CreativeWorkAdvertisingProperties","sensitivity":"SHOW_ADS"},"appName":"Runway","bylines":[],"compatibility":"INLINE","credit":"","dataSource":"","displayProperties":{"__typename":"CreativeWorkDisplayProperties","displayForPromotionOnly":true,"displayOverrides":["HIDE_HEADER","REMOVE_PLATFORM_MARGIN"],"maxWidth":600,"maximumWidth":600,"minWidth":350,"minimumWidth":350},"headline":{"__typename":"CreativeWorkHeadline","default":""},"html":"\u003Cscript type=\"text\u002Fplain\" 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15px;\r\n\t\ttext-align: center;\r\n\t\tposition: relative;\r\n\t}\r\n\t#g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_2 .g-pstyle4 {\r\n\t\tfont-weight: 500;\r\n\t\tline-height: 14px;\r\n\t\theight: 14px;\r\n\t\tfont-size: 12px;\r\n\t\tcolor: rgb(163, 163, 163);\r\n\t\ttop: 1px;\r\n\t\tposition: relative;\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n\t\u002F* Custom CSS *\u002F\r\n\t.g-text-shadow {\r\n\t\ttext-shadow:\r\n\t\t\t0px 0px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3),\r\n\t\t\t0px 0px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3),\r\n\t\t\t0px 0px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35),\r\n\t\t\t0px 0px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35);\r\n\t\t-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;\r\n\t}\r\n\t.g-text-shadow-white {\r\n\t\ttext-shadow:\r\n\t\t\t0px 0px 2px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7),\r\n\t\t\t0px 0px 3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5),\r\n\t\t\t0px 0px 4px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5),\r\n\t\t\t0px 0px 2px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);\r\n\t\t-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;\r\n\t}\r\n\t.g-text-bg p {\r\n\t\twidth: fit-content;\r\n\t\tbackground-color: #000;\r\n\t\tpadding: 10px 14px;\r\n\t\t-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;\r\n\t}\r\n\u003C\u002Fstyle\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv id=\"g-pacific-highlands-box\" class=\"ai2html ai2html-responsive\"\u003E\r\n\t\u003C!-- Artboard: Artboard_1 --\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cdiv\r\n\t\tid=\"g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_1\"\r\n\t\tclass=\"g-artboard\"\r\n\t\tstyle=\"min-width: 600px\"\r\n\t\tdata-aspect-ratio=\"1.118\"\r\n\t\tdata-min-width=\"600\"\r\n\t\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"padding: 0 0 89.4103% 0\"\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cimg\r\n\t\t\tid=\"g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_1-img\"\r\n\t\t\tclass=\"g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_1-img g-aiImg\"\r\n\t\t\talt=\"\"\r\n\t\t\tdata-src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nytimes.com\u002Fnewsgraphics\u002F2025-01-24-palisades-hydrant-map\u002Fce433d40-5826-4595-8fba-f66674cea95f\u002F_assets\u002Fpacific-highlands-Artboard_1.jpg\"\r\n\t\t\tsrc=\"data:image\u002Fgif;base64,R0lGODlhCgAKAIAAAB8fHwAAACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAKAAoAAAIIhI+py+0PYysAOw==\"\r\n\t\t\u002F\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cdiv\r\n\t\t\tid=\"g-ai0-1\"\r\n\t\t\tclass=\"g-text-shadow-white g-aiAbs g-aiPointText\"\r\n\t\t\tstyle=\"top: 3.5983%; margin-top: -9.3px; left: 69.6188%; width: 124px\"\r\n\t\t\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp class=\"g-pstyle0\"\u003ELatest fire area\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cdiv\r\n\t\t\tid=\"g-ai0-2\"\r\n\t\t\tclass=\"g-text-shadow-white g-aiAbs g-aiPointText\"\r\n\t\t\tstyle=\"top: 22.9846%; margin-top: -18.3px; left: 49.0002%; width: 141px\"\r\n\t\t\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp class=\"g-pstyle0\"\u003EFire area\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp class=\"g-pstyle0\"\u003EJan. 7th at 2 p.m.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cdiv\r\n\t\t\tid=\"g-ai0-3\"\r\n\t\t\tclass=\"g-text-shadow-white g-aiAbs g-aiPointText\"\r\n\t\t\tstyle=\"top: 36.5995%; margin-top: -21.3px; left: 78.5555%; margin-left: -83.5px; width: 167px\"\r\n\t\t\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp class=\"g-pstyle1\"\u003EPACIFIC\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp class=\"g-pstyle1\"\u003EPALISADES\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cdiv\r\n\t\t\tid=\"g-ai0-4\"\r\n\t\t\tclass=\"g-LABELS g-aiAbs g-aiPointText\"\r\n\t\t\tstyle=\"top: 94.9704%; margin-top: -12.5px; left: 28.1473%; margin-left: -70px; width: 140px\"\r\n\t\t\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp class=\"g-pstyle2\"\u003ESanta Monica Bay\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cdiv\r\n\t\t\tid=\"g-ai0-5\"\r\n\t\t\tclass=\"g-LABELS g-aiAbs g-aiPointText\"\r\n\t\t\tstyle=\"top: 96.981%; margin-top: -9.3px; left: 0.9033%; width: 71px\"\r\n\t\t\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp class=\"g-pstyle3\"\u003E0.5 mile\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\u003C!-- Artboard: Artboard_2 --\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cdiv\r\n\t\tid=\"g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_2\"\r\n\t\tclass=\"g-artboard\"\r\n\t\tstyle=\"max-width: 599px; max-height: 789px\"\r\n\t\tdata-aspect-ratio=\"0.76\"\r\n\t\tdata-min-width=\"0\"\r\n\t\tdata-max-width=\"599\"\r\n\t\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"padding: 0 0 131.6634% 0\"\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cimg\r\n\t\t\tid=\"g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_2-img\"\r\n\t\t\tclass=\"g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_2-img g-aiImg\"\r\n\t\t\talt=\"\"\r\n\t\t\tdata-src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nytimes.com\u002Fnewsgraphics\u002F2025-01-24-palisades-hydrant-map\u002Fce433d40-5826-4595-8fba-f66674cea95f\u002F_assets\u002Fpacific-highlands-Artboard_2.jpg\"\r\n\t\t\tsrc=\"data:image\u002Fgif;base64,R0lGODlhCgAKAIAAAB8fHwAAACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAKAAoAAAIIhI+py+0PYysAOw==\"\r\n\t\t\u002F\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cdiv\r\n\t\t\tid=\"g-ai1-1\"\r\n\t\t\tclass=\"g-text-shadow-white g-aiAbs g-aiPointText\"\r\n\t\t\tstyle=\"top: 24.3193%; margin-top: -16.3px; left: 62.8551%; width: 126px\"\r\n\t\t\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp class=\"g-pstyle0\"\u003EFire area\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp class=\"g-pstyle0\"\u003EJan. 7th at 2 p.m.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cdiv\r\n\t\t\tid=\"g-ai1-2\"\r\n\t\t\tclass=\"g-text-shadow-white g-aiAbs g-aiPointText\"\r\n\t\t\tstyle=\"top: 37.0243%; margin-top: -19.3px; left: 78.4984%; margin-left: -75.5px; width: 151px\"\r\n\t\t\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp class=\"g-pstyle1\"\u003EPACIFIC\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp class=\"g-pstyle1\"\u003EPALISADES\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cdiv\r\n\t\t\tid=\"g-ai1-3\"\r\n\t\t\tclass=\"g-LABELS_copy g-aiAbs g-aiPointText\"\r\n\t\t\tstyle=\"top: 89.423%; margin-top: -8.4px; left: 28.4445%; margin-left: -62.5px; width: 125px\"\r\n\t\t\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp class=\"g-pstyle2\"\u003ESanta Monica Bay\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cdiv\r\n\t\t\tid=\"g-ai1-4\"\r\n\t\t\tclass=\"g-text-shadow-white g-aiAbs g-aiPointText\"\r\n\t\t\tstyle=\"top: 93.9224%; margin-top: -15.3px; left: 71.9785%; margin-left: -35.5px; width: 71px\"\r\n\t\t\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp class=\"g-pstyle3\"\u003ELatest\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp class=\"g-pstyle3\"\u003Efire area\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cdiv\r\n\t\t\tid=\"g-ai1-5\"\r\n\t\t\tclass=\"g-LABELS_copy g-aiAbs g-aiPointText\"\r\n\t\t\tstyle=\"top: 96.8612%; margin-top: -7.2px; left: 1.977%; width: 64px\"\r\n\t\t\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp class=\"g-pstyle4\"\u003E0.5 mile\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\r\n\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cscript type=\"text\u002Fjavascript\"\u003E\r\n\t(function (containerId, opts) {\r\n\t\tvar nameSpace = opts.namespace || '';\r\n\t\tvar containers = findContainers(containerId);\r\n\t\tcontainers.forEach(resize);\r\n\r\n\t\tfunction resize(container) {\r\n\t\t\tvar onResize = throttle(update, 200);\r\n\t\t\tvar waiting = !!window.IntersectionObserver;\r\n\t\t\tvar observer;\r\n\t\t\tupdate();\r\n\r\n\t\t\tdocument.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', update);\r\n\t\t\twindow.addEventListener('resize', onResize);\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u002F\u002F NYT Scoop-specific code\r\n\t\t\tif (opts.setup) {\r\n\t\t\t\topts.setup(container).on('cleanup', cleanup);\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n\r\n\t\t\tfunction cleanup() {\r\n\t\t\t\tdocument.removeEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', update);\r\n\t\t\t\twindow.removeEventListener('resize', onResize);\r\n\t\t\t\tif (observer) observer.disconnect();\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n\r\n\t\t\tfunction update() {\r\n\t\t\t\tvar artboards = selectChildren('.' + nameSpace + 'artboard[data-min-width]', container),\r\n\t\t\t\t\twidth = Math.round(container.getBoundingClientRect().width);\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\u002F\u002F Set artboard visibility based on container width\r\n\t\t\t\tartboards.forEach(function (el) {\r\n\t\t\t\t\tvar minwidth = el.getAttribute('data-min-width'),\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\tmaxwidth = el.getAttribute('data-max-width');\r\n\t\t\t\t\tif (+minwidth \u003C= width && (+maxwidth \u003E= width || maxwidth === null)) {\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\tif (!waiting) {\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tselectChildren('.' + nameSpace + 'aiImg', el).forEach(updateImgSrc);\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tselectChildren('video', el).forEach(updateVideoSrc);\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\tel.style.display = 'block';\r\n\t\t\t\t\t} else {\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\tel.style.display = 'none';\r\n\t\t\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t\t});\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\u002F\u002F Initialize lazy loading on first call\r\n\t\t\t\tif (waiting && !observer) {\r\n\t\t\t\t\tif (elementInView(container)) {\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\twaiting = false;\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\tupdate();\r\n\t\t\t\t\t} else {\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\tobserver = new IntersectionObserver(onIntersectionChange, { rootMargin: '800px' });\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\tobserver.observe(container);\r\n\t\t\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n\r\n\t\t\tfunction onIntersectionChange(entries) {\r\n\t\t\t\t\u002F\u002F There may be multiple entries relating to the same container\r\n\t\t\t\t\u002F\u002F (captured at different times)\r\n\t\t\t\tvar isIntersecting = entries.reduce(function (memo, entry) {\r\n\t\t\t\t\treturn memo || entry.isIntersecting;\r\n\t\t\t\t}, false);\r\n\t\t\t\tif (isIntersecting) {\r\n\t\t\t\t\twaiting = false;\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\u002F\u002F update: don't remove -- we need the observer to trigger an update\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\u002F\u002F when a hidden map becomes visible after user interaction\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\u002F\u002F (e.g. when an accordion menu or tab opens)\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\u002F\u002F observer.disconnect();\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\u002F\u002F observer = null;\r\n\t\t\t\t\tupdate();\r\n\t\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t}\r\n\r\n\t\tfunction findContainers(id) {\r\n\t\t\t\u002F\u002F support duplicate ids on the page\r\n\t\t\treturn selectChildren('.ai2html-responsive', document).filter(function (el) {\r\n\t\t\t\tif (el.getAttribute('id') != id) return false;\r\n\t\t\t\tif (el.classList.contains('ai2html-resizer')) return false;\r\n\t\t\t\tel.classList.add('ai2html-resizer');\r\n\t\t\t\treturn true;\r\n\t\t\t});\r\n\t\t}\r\n\r\n\t\t\u002F\u002F Replace blank placeholder image with actual image\r\n\t\tfunction updateImgSrc(img) {\r\n\t\t\tvar src = img.getAttribute('data-src');\r\n\t\t\tif (src && img.getAttribute('src') != src) {\r\n\t\t\t\timg.setAttribute('src', src);\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t}\r\n\r\n\t\tfunction updateVideoSrc(el) {\r\n\t\t\tvar src = el.getAttribute('data-src');\r\n\t\t\tif (src && !el.hasAttribute('src')) {\r\n\t\t\t\tel.setAttribute('src', src);\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t}\r\n\r\n\t\tfunction elementInView(el) {\r\n\t\t\tvar bounds = el.getBoundingClientRect();\r\n\t\t\treturn bounds.top \u003C window.innerHeight && bounds.bottom \u003E 0;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\r\n\t\tfunction selectChildren(selector, parent) {\r\n\t\t\treturn parent ? Array.prototype.slice.call(parent.querySelectorAll(selector)) : [];\r\n\t\t}\r\n\r\n\t\t\u002F\u002F based on underscore.js\r\n\t\tfunction throttle(func, wait) {\r\n\t\t\tvar timeout = null,\r\n\t\t\t\tprevious = 0;\r\n\t\t\tfunction run() {\r\n\t\t\t\tprevious = Date.now();\r\n\t\t\t\ttimeout = null;\r\n\t\t\t\tfunc();\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\treturn function () {\r\n\t\t\t\tvar remaining = wait - (Date.now() - previous);\r\n\t\t\t\tif (remaining \u003C= 0 || remaining \u003E wait) {\r\n\t\t\t\t\tclearTimeout(timeout);\r\n\t\t\t\t\trun();\r\n\t\t\t\t} else if (!timeout) {\r\n\t\t\t\t\ttimeout = setTimeout(run, remaining);\r\n\t\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t};\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t})('g-pacific-highlands-box', {\r\n\t\tnamespace: 'g-',\r\n\t\tsetup: window.setupInteractive || window.getComponent\r\n\t});\r\n\u003C\u002Fscript\u003E\r\n\u003C!-- End ai2html - 2025-02-03 11:22 --\u003E\r\n\u003C!-- HTML_TAG_END --\u003E \u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E \u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E \u003Cdiv class=\"g-block g-block-margin svelte-1jrfrvl g-margin-inline\" style=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"g-block-width g-max-width-body svelte-1jrfrvl\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"g-wrapper_caption g-text-align-left svelte-cu2gla\"\u003E \u003Cp class=\"g-source svelte-cu2gla\"\u003E\u003C!-- HTML_TAG_START --\u003ESources: Fire hydrants location data from Los Angeles city government; Building outlines from Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)\u003C!-- HTML_TAG_END --\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E \u003Cp class=\"g-credit svelte-cu2gla\"\u003E\u003C!-- HTML_TAG_START --\u003EBy June Kim\u003C!-- HTML_TAG_END --\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E \u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E \u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E \u003C\u002Ffigure\u003E \r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cscript\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\t{\r\n\t\t\t\t\t__sveltekit_fdy7w8 = {\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\tbase: new URL(\".\", location).pathname.slice(0, -1)\r\n\t\t\t\t\t};\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\tconst element = document.currentScript.parentElement.dataset.birdkitHydrate ? document.currentScript.parentElement : document.querySelector('[data-birdkit-hydrate=\"1566dbc8a3696ead\"]');\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\tconst data = [null,{\"type\":\"data\",\"data\":{body:[{type:\"key\",value:{hed:\"Location of fire hydrants with 2.5-inch and 4-inch outlets in Pacific Palisades\",leadin:\"\",align:\"left\",marginBlock:\"25px 0px\",items:[{type:\"swatch\",title:\"\",labels:\"Hydrants with 4-inch outlets, Hydrants with 2.5-inch outlets\",fills:\"#188fe8, #ff5b00\",symbols:\"circle, circle\",strokes:\"\",labelPositions:\"\",classNames:\"\",customDelimiter:\"\",id:\"\"}]}},{type:\"graphic\",value:{media:{assetType:\"graphic\",assetSlug:\"pacific-highlands.html\",breakpointName:void 0,assetErrors:[],html:\"\\u003C!-- Generated by ai2html v0.121.1 - 2025-02-03 11:22 --\u003E\\n\\u003C!-- ai file: pacific-highlands.ai --\u003E\\n\\u003Cstyle media=\\\"screen,print\\\"\u003E\\n\\t#g-pacific-highlands-box,\\n\\t#g-pacific-highlands-box .g-artboard {\\n\\t\\tmargin: 0 auto;\\n\\t}\\n\\t#g-pacific-highlands-box p {\\n\\t\\tmargin: 0;\\n\\t}\\n\\t#g-pacific-highlands-box .g-aiAbs {\\n\\t\\tposition: absolute;\\n\\t}\\n\\t#g-pacific-highlands-box .g-aiImg {\\n\\t\\tposition: absolute;\\n\\t\\ttop: 0;\\n\\t\\tdisplay: block;\\n\\t\\twidth: 100% !important;\\n\\t}\\n\\t#g-pacific-highlands-box .g-aiSymbol {\\n\\t\\tposition: absolute;\\n\\t\\tbox-sizing: border-box;\\n\\t}\\n\\t#g-pacific-highlands-box .g-aiPointText p {\\n\\t\\twhite-space: nowrap;\\n\\t}\\n\\t#g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_1 {\\n\\t\\tposition: relative;\\n\\t\\toverflow: hidden;\\n\\t}\\n\\t#g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_1 p {\\n\\t\\tfont-family: nyt-franklin, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\\n\\t\\tfont-weight: regular;\\n\\t\\tline-height: 18px;\\n\\t\\theight: auto;\\n\\t\\topacity: 1;\\n\\t\\tletter-spacing: 0em;\\n\\t\\tfont-size: 16px;\\n\\t\\ttext-align: left;\\n\\t\\tcolor: rgb(216, 104, 104);\\n\\t\\ttop: 1.3px;\\n\\t\\tposition: static;\\n\\t\\ttext-transform: none;\\n\\t\\tpadding-bottom: 0;\\n\\t\\tpadding-top: 0;\\n\\t\\tmix-blend-mode: normal;\\n\\t\\tfont-style: normal;\\n\\t}\\n\\t#g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_1 .g-pstyle0 {\\n\\t\\tfont-weight: 500;\\n\\t\\theight: 18px;\\n\\t\\tposition: relative;\\n\\t}\\n\\t#g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_1 .g-pstyle1 {\\n\\t\\tfont-weight: 500;\\n\\t\\tline-height: 21px;\\n\\t\\theight: 21px;\\n\\t\\tletter-spacing: 0.4em;\\n\\t\\tfont-size: 18px;\\n\\t\\ttext-align: center;\\n\\t\\ttext-transform: uppercase;\\n\\t\\tcolor: rgb(114, 114, 114);\\n\\t\\ttop: 1.4px;\\n\\t\\tposition: relative;\\n\\t}\\n\\t#g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_1 .g-pstyle2 {\\n\\t\\tfont-family: nyt-cheltenham, georgia, serif;\\n\\t\\tfont-style: italic;\\n\\t\\tline-height: 24px;\\n\\t\\theight: 24px;\\n\\t\\ttext-align: center;\\n\\t\\tcolor: rgb(160, 177, 175);\\n\\t}\\n\\t#g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_1 .g-pstyle3 {\\n\\t\\tfont-weight: 500;\\n\\t\\theight: 18px;\\n\\t\\tfont-size: 14px;\\n\\t\\tcolor: rgb(163, 163, 163);\\n\\t\\ttop: 1.1px;\\n\\t\\tposition: relative;\\n\\t}\\n\\t#g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_2 {\\n\\t\\tposition: relative;\\n\\t\\toverflow: hidden;\\n\\t}\\n\\t#g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_2 p {\\n\\t\\tfont-family: nyt-franklin, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\\n\\t\\tfont-weight: regular;\\n\\t\\tline-height: 16px;\\n\\t\\theight: auto;\\n\\t\\topacity: 1;\\n\\t\\tletter-spacing: 0em;\\n\\t\\tfont-size: 14px;\\n\\t\\ttext-align: left;\\n\\t\\tcolor: rgb(216, 104, 104);\\n\\t\\ttop: 1.1px;\\n\\t\\tposition: static;\\n\\t\\ttext-transform: none;\\n\\t\\tpadding-bottom: 0;\\n\\t\\tpadding-top: 0;\\n\\t\\tmix-blend-mode: normal;\\n\\t\\tfont-style: normal;\\n\\t}\\n\\t#g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_2 .g-pstyle0 {\\n\\t\\tfont-weight: 500;\\n\\t\\theight: 16px;\\n\\t\\tposition: relative;\\n\\t}\\n\\t#g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_2 .g-pstyle1 {\\n\\t\\tfont-weight: 500;\\n\\t\\tline-height: 19px;\\n\\t\\theight: 19px;\\n\\t\\tletter-spacing: 0.4em;\\n\\t\\tfont-size: 16px;\\n\\t\\ttext-align: center;\\n\\t\\ttext-transform: uppercase;\\n\\t\\tcolor: rgb(114, 114, 114);\\n\\t\\ttop: 1.3px;\\n\\t\\tposition: relative;\\n\\t}\\n\\t#g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_2 .g-pstyle2 {\\n\\t\\tfont-family: nyt-cheltenham, georgia, serif;\\n\\t\\tfont-style: italic;\\n\\t\\theight: 16px;\\n\\t\\ttext-align: center;\\n\\t\\tcolor: rgb(160, 177, 175);\\n\\t}\\n\\t#g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_2 .g-pstyle3 {\\n\\t\\tfont-weight: 500;\\n\\t\\tline-height: 15px;\\n\\t\\theight: 15px;\\n\\t\\ttext-align: center;\\n\\t\\tposition: relative;\\n\\t}\\n\\t#g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_2 .g-pstyle4 {\\n\\t\\tfont-weight: 500;\\n\\t\\tline-height: 14px;\\n\\t\\theight: 14px;\\n\\t\\tfont-size: 12px;\\n\\t\\tcolor: rgb(163, 163, 163);\\n\\t\\ttop: 1px;\\n\\t\\tposition: relative;\\n\\t}\\n\\n\\t\u002F* Custom CSS *\u002F\\n\\t.g-text-shadow {\\n\\t\\ttext-shadow:\\n\\t\\t\\t0px 0px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3),\\n\\t\\t\\t0px 0px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3),\\n\\t\\t\\t0px 0px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35),\\n\\t\\t\\t0px 0px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35);\\n\\t\\t-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;\\n\\t}\\n\\t.g-text-shadow-white {\\n\\t\\ttext-shadow:\\n\\t\\t\\t0px 0px 2px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7),\\n\\t\\t\\t0px 0px 3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5),\\n\\t\\t\\t0px 0px 4px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5),\\n\\t\\t\\t0px 0px 2px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);\\n\\t\\t-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;\\n\\t}\\n\\t.g-text-bg p {\\n\\t\\twidth: fit-content;\\n\\t\\tbackground-color: #000;\\n\\t\\tpadding: 10px 14px;\\n\\t\\t-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;\\n\\t}\\n\\u003C\u002Fstyle\u003E\\n\\n\\u003Cdiv id=\\\"g-pacific-highlands-box\\\" class=\\\"ai2html ai2html-responsive\\\"\u003E\\n\\t\\u003C!-- Artboard: Artboard_1 --\u003E\\n\\t\\u003Cdiv\\n\\t\\tid=\\\"g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_1\\\"\\n\\t\\tclass=\\\"g-artboard\\\"\\n\\t\\tstyle=\\\"min-width: 600px\\\"\\n\\t\\tdata-aspect-ratio=\\\"1.118\\\"\\n\\t\\tdata-min-width=\\\"600\\\"\\n\\t\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003Cdiv style=\\\"padding: 0 0 89.4103% 0\\\"\u003E\\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003Cimg\\n\\t\\t\\tid=\\\"g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_1-img\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tclass=\\\"g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_1-img g-aiImg\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\talt=\\\"\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tdata-src=\\\"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nytimes.com\u002Fnewsgraphics\u002F2025-01-24-palisades-hydrant-map\u002Fce433d40-5826-4595-8fba-f66674cea95f\u002F_assets\u002Fpacific-highlands-Artboard_1.jpg\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tsrc=\\\"data:image\u002Fgif;base64,R0lGODlhCgAKAIAAAB8fHwAAACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAKAAoAAAIIhI+py+0PYysAOw==\\\"\\n\\t\\t\u002F\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003Cdiv\\n\\t\\t\\tid=\\\"g-ai0-1\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tclass=\\\"g-text-shadow-white g-aiAbs g-aiPointText\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tstyle=\\\"top: 3.5983%; margin-top: -9.3px; left: 69.6188%; width: 124px\\\"\\n\\t\\t\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\t\\u003Cp class=\\\"g-pstyle0\\\"\u003ELatest fire area\\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003Cdiv\\n\\t\\t\\tid=\\\"g-ai0-2\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tclass=\\\"g-text-shadow-white g-aiAbs g-aiPointText\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tstyle=\\\"top: 22.9846%; margin-top: -18.3px; left: 49.0002%; width: 141px\\\"\\n\\t\\t\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\t\\u003Cp class=\\\"g-pstyle0\\\"\u003EFire area\\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\t\\u003Cp class=\\\"g-pstyle0\\\"\u003EJan. 7th at 2 p.m.\\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003Cdiv\\n\\t\\t\\tid=\\\"g-ai0-3\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tclass=\\\"g-text-shadow-white g-aiAbs g-aiPointText\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tstyle=\\\"top: 36.5995%; margin-top: -21.3px; left: 78.5555%; margin-left: -83.5px; width: 167px\\\"\\n\\t\\t\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\t\\u003Cp class=\\\"g-pstyle1\\\"\u003EPACIFIC\\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\t\\u003Cp class=\\\"g-pstyle1\\\"\u003EPALISADES\\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003Cdiv\\n\\t\\t\\tid=\\\"g-ai0-4\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tclass=\\\"g-LABELS g-aiAbs g-aiPointText\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tstyle=\\\"top: 94.9704%; margin-top: -12.5px; left: 28.1473%; margin-left: -70px; width: 140px\\\"\\n\\t\\t\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\t\\u003Cp class=\\\"g-pstyle2\\\"\u003ESanta Monica Bay\\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003Cdiv\\n\\t\\t\\tid=\\\"g-ai0-5\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tclass=\\\"g-LABELS g-aiAbs g-aiPointText\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tstyle=\\\"top: 96.981%; margin-top: -9.3px; left: 0.9033%; width: 71px\\\"\\n\\t\\t\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\t\\u003Cp class=\\\"g-pstyle3\\\"\u003E0.5 mile\\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\\n\\t\\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\\n\\n\\t\\u003C!-- Artboard: Artboard_2 --\u003E\\n\\t\\u003Cdiv\\n\\t\\tid=\\\"g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_2\\\"\\n\\t\\tclass=\\\"g-artboard\\\"\\n\\t\\tstyle=\\\"max-width: 599px; max-height: 789px\\\"\\n\\t\\tdata-aspect-ratio=\\\"0.76\\\"\\n\\t\\tdata-min-width=\\\"0\\\"\\n\\t\\tdata-max-width=\\\"599\\\"\\n\\t\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003Cdiv style=\\\"padding: 0 0 131.6634% 0\\\"\u003E\\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003Cimg\\n\\t\\t\\tid=\\\"g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_2-img\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tclass=\\\"g-pacific-highlands-Artboard_2-img g-aiImg\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\talt=\\\"\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tdata-src=\\\"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nytimes.com\u002Fnewsgraphics\u002F2025-01-24-palisades-hydrant-map\u002Fce433d40-5826-4595-8fba-f66674cea95f\u002F_assets\u002Fpacific-highlands-Artboard_2.jpg\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tsrc=\\\"data:image\u002Fgif;base64,R0lGODlhCgAKAIAAAB8fHwAAACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAKAAoAAAIIhI+py+0PYysAOw==\\\"\\n\\t\\t\u002F\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003Cdiv\\n\\t\\t\\tid=\\\"g-ai1-1\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tclass=\\\"g-text-shadow-white g-aiAbs g-aiPointText\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tstyle=\\\"top: 24.3193%; margin-top: -16.3px; left: 62.8551%; width: 126px\\\"\\n\\t\\t\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\t\\u003Cp class=\\\"g-pstyle0\\\"\u003EFire area\\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\t\\u003Cp class=\\\"g-pstyle0\\\"\u003EJan. 7th at 2 p.m.\\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003Cdiv\\n\\t\\t\\tid=\\\"g-ai1-2\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tclass=\\\"g-text-shadow-white g-aiAbs g-aiPointText\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tstyle=\\\"top: 37.0243%; margin-top: -19.3px; left: 78.4984%; margin-left: -75.5px; width: 151px\\\"\\n\\t\\t\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\t\\u003Cp class=\\\"g-pstyle1\\\"\u003EPACIFIC\\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\t\\u003Cp class=\\\"g-pstyle1\\\"\u003EPALISADES\\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003Cdiv\\n\\t\\t\\tid=\\\"g-ai1-3\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tclass=\\\"g-LABELS_copy g-aiAbs g-aiPointText\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tstyle=\\\"top: 89.423%; margin-top: -8.4px; left: 28.4445%; margin-left: -62.5px; width: 125px\\\"\\n\\t\\t\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\t\\u003Cp class=\\\"g-pstyle2\\\"\u003ESanta Monica Bay\\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003Cdiv\\n\\t\\t\\tid=\\\"g-ai1-4\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tclass=\\\"g-text-shadow-white g-aiAbs g-aiPointText\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tstyle=\\\"top: 93.9224%; margin-top: -15.3px; left: 71.9785%; margin-left: -35.5px; width: 71px\\\"\\n\\t\\t\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\t\\u003Cp class=\\\"g-pstyle3\\\"\u003ELatest\\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\t\\u003Cp class=\\\"g-pstyle3\\\"\u003Efire area\\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003Cdiv\\n\\t\\t\\tid=\\\"g-ai1-5\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tclass=\\\"g-LABELS_copy g-aiAbs g-aiPointText\\\"\\n\\t\\t\\tstyle=\\\"top: 96.8612%; margin-top: -7.2px; left: 1.977%; width: 64px\\\"\\n\\t\\t\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\t\\u003Cp class=\\\"g-pstyle4\\\"\u003E0.5 mile\\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\\n\\t\\t\\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\\n\\t\\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\\n\\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\\n\\n\\u003Cscript type=\\\"text\u002Fjavascript\\\"\u003E\\n\\t(function (containerId, opts) {\\n\\t\\tvar nameSpace = opts.namespace || '';\\n\\t\\tvar containers = findContainers(containerId);\\n\\t\\tcontainers.forEach(resize);\\n\\n\\t\\tfunction resize(container) {\\n\\t\\t\\tvar onResize = throttle(update, 200);\\n\\t\\t\\tvar waiting = !!window.IntersectionObserver;\\n\\t\\t\\tvar observer;\\n\\t\\t\\tupdate();\\n\\n\\t\\t\\tdocument.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', update);\\n\\t\\t\\twindow.addEventListener('resize', onResize);\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\u002F\u002F NYT Scoop-specific code\\n\\t\\t\\tif (opts.setup) {\\n\\t\\t\\t\\topts.setup(container).on('cleanup', cleanup);\\n\\t\\t\\t}\\n\\n\\t\\t\\tfunction cleanup() {\\n\\t\\t\\t\\tdocument.removeEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', update);\\n\\t\\t\\t\\twindow.removeEventListener('resize', onResize);\\n\\t\\t\\t\\tif (observer) observer.disconnect();\\n\\t\\t\\t}\\n\\n\\t\\t\\tfunction update() {\\n\\t\\t\\t\\tvar artboards = selectChildren('.' + nameSpace + 'artboard[data-min-width]', container),\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\twidth = Math.round(container.getBoundingClientRect().width);\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\u002F\u002F Set artboard visibility based on container width\\n\\t\\t\\t\\tartboards.forEach(function (el) {\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tvar minwidth = el.getAttribute('data-min-width'),\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tmaxwidth = el.getAttribute('data-max-width');\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tif (+minwidth \\u003C= width && (+maxwidth \u003E= width || maxwidth === null)) {\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tif (!waiting) {\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tselectChildren('.' + nameSpace + 'aiImg', el).forEach(updateImgSrc);\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tselectChildren('video', el).forEach(updateVideoSrc);\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t}\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tel.style.display = 'block';\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t} else {\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tel.style.display = 'none';\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t}\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t});\\n\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\u002F\u002F Initialize lazy loading on first call\\n\\t\\t\\t\\tif (waiting && !observer) {\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tif (elementInView(container)) {\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\twaiting = false;\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tupdate();\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t} else {\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tobserver = new IntersectionObserver(onIntersectionChange, { rootMargin: '800px' });\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tobserver.observe(container);\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t}\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t}\\n\\t\\t\\t}\\n\\n\\t\\t\\tfunction onIntersectionChange(entries) {\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\u002F\u002F There may be multiple entries relating to the same container\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\u002F\u002F (captured at different times)\\n\\t\\t\\t\\tvar isIntersecting = entries.reduce(function (memo, entry) {\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\treturn memo || entry.isIntersecting;\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t}, false);\\n\\t\\t\\t\\tif (isIntersecting) {\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\twaiting = false;\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\u002F\u002F update: don't remove -- we need the observer to trigger an update\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\u002F\u002F when a hidden map becomes visible after user interaction\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\u002F\u002F (e.g. when an accordion menu or tab opens)\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\u002F\u002F 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While firefighters are used to working with the infrastructure they are given, he said, hydrants with larger outlets are considered preferable, in part because water volume is more important than pressure when trying to put out a blaze."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":false,"index":5},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"“I’d rather have too much coming in than not enough,” he said."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"ImageBlock","media":{"__typename":"Image","altText":"A firefighter drags a hose toward a burning house as another firefighter walks down the smoky street.","caption":{"__typename":"TextOnlyDocumentBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Firefighters struggled to control a blaze as it tore through neighborhoods in Pacific Palisades."}]}],"text":"Firefighters struggled to control a blaze as it tore through neighborhoods in Pacific Palisades."},"credit":"Philip Cheung for The New York Times","crops":[{"__typename":"ImageCrop","renditions":[{"__typename":"ImageRendition","height":450,"name":"articleLarge","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2025\u002F01\u002F30\u002Fmultimedia\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-palisades-bpcj\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-palisades-bpcj-articleLarge.jpg","width":600},{"__typename":"ImageRendition","height":488,"name":"popup","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2025\u002F01\u002F30\u002Fmultimedia\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-palisades-bpcj\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-palisades-bpcj-popup.jpg","width":650},{"__typename":"ImageRendition","height":768,"name":"jumbo","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2025\u002F01\u002F30\u002Fmultimedia\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-palisades-bpcj\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-palisades-bpcj-jumbo.jpg","width":1024},{"__typename":"ImageRendition","height":1536,"name":"superJumbo","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2025\u002F01\u002F30\u002Fmultimedia\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-palisades-bpcj\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-palisades-bpcj-superJumbo.jpg","width":2048}]},{"__typename":"ImageCrop","renditions":[{"__typename":"ImageRendition","height":150,"name":"thumbLarge","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2025\u002F01\u002F30\u002Fmultimedia\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-palisades-bpcj\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-palisades-bpcj-thumbLarge.jpg","width":150}]},{"__typename":"ImageCrop","renditions":[{"__typename":"ImageRendition","height":143,"name":"articleInline","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2025\u002F01\u002F30\u002Fmultimedia\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-palisades-bpcj\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-palisades-bpcj-articleInline.jpg","width":190}]},{"__typename":"ImageCrop","renditions":[{"__typename":"ImageRendition","height":2250,"name":"mobileMasterAt3x","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2025\u002F01\u002F30\u002Fmultimedia\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-palisades-bpcj\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-palisades-bpcj-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg","width":1500}]}],"id":"SW1hZ2U6bnl0Oi8vaW1hZ2UvNGNiMjJkMWYtZTc2OS01NWUyLWIxZWEtMWRlODI5MDQ1YWE4","imageType":"photo","legacyHtmlCaption":"Firefighters struggled to control a blaze as it tore through neighborhoods in Pacific Palisades.","timesTags":[],"uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Fimage\u002F4cb22d1f-e769-55e2-b1ea-1de829045aa8","url":"\u002Fimagepages\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F04\u002Fmultimedia\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-palisades-bpcj.html"},"size":"LARGE"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":true,"index":6},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"The larger four-inch outlets that are now more widely used have a higher flow rate, helping firefighters who want to attach a pumper truck to the hydrant in order to collect and distribute a large volume of water more quickly. Having additional outlets on the modern hydrants can provide firefighters with the ability to attach more than one hose and also with redundancy if one outlet has a problem."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":true,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":7},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"The outdated hydrants, some of them known as red-top hydrants or wharf hydrants, because their design allowed them to be installed on wharves as well as on land, were installed in Los Angeles neighborhoods decades ago, some as far back as the 1940s. A Times analysis found that 17 percent of all hydrants in the city, and 24 percent of those within the perimeter of the Palisades fire, had only a 2.5-inch outlet."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":true,"adsDesktopHoldout":true,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":8},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"The city has largely embraced the national standards calling for more outlet capacity, but records show more than 10,000 of the single 2.5-inch hydrants in place — some of them allowed by city code in areas where pressure is at least 210 pounds per square inch."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":9},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Marty Adams, a former general manager and chief engineer at the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, said he believed the single-outlet hydrants had initially been put in place in places like the upper Palisades because standard hydrants might not be able to withstand the high water pressure in those areas. But new hydrants with additional outlets can be rated to operate at 300 P.S.I."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":false,"index":10},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Terry O’Connell, who worked in the hydrants program during his time at the Fire Department, said the unusual design helped make firefighters aware that the hydrants in those cases produced high pressure, requiring some precaution. Firefighters have repeatedly said that the more modern hydrants offer more water flow and better flexibility."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":true,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":11},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Hydrants in Los Angeles are managed by two agencies, with the Department of Water and Power in control of each hydrant, while the Fire Department conducts tests and provides input on firefighting needs."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":12},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"The water and power department declined to discuss the city’s hydrant system in detail but said it welcomed a review of how the water system had operated during the Palisades fire, as well as any needed updates to city codes as urban water systems face ever-greater wildfire challenges."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":true,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":13},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"The department “is initiating our own investigation about water resiliency and how we can enhance our posture to respond to the impacts of climate change,” it said in a statement."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":false,"index":14},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Fire Department officials said they could not address questions about the design of the hydrants and their placement in Pacific Palisades, referring queries to the water and power department."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":true,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":true,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":15},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Adam VanGerpen, a Los Angeles fire captain and a spokesman for the agency, did say that the 2.5-inch hydrants had not generally presented a major problem for firefighters."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":true,"index":16},{"__typename":"ImageBlock","media":{"__typename":"Image","altText":"A wharf hydrant stands in front of a spa in Pacific Palisades.","caption":{"__typename":"TextOnlyDocumentBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Wharf hydrants have single 2.5-inch valves."}]}],"text":"Wharf 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hydrants have single 2.5-inch valves.","timesTags":[],"uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Fimage\u002Fa941267e-0db0-5d74-bfb2-b70a6fd5e497","url":"\u002Fimagepages\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F04\u002Fmultimedia\u002F04nat-lafire-smallhydrants-new-add-pvfz.html"},"size":"LARGE"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":true,"index":17},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Crews can often tap more than one hydrant, he said, and a bigger concern is whether there is enough water."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":true,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":false,"index":18},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Luke Milick, a former captain with the department who led the hydrant unit until about a decade ago, said that many of the hydrants in the city were “ancient” but that they were usually not replaced if they continued to work, unless a construction project provides funding to modernize the system. During his years with the city, he said, there was no money for major upgrades."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":true,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":19},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"“We couldn’t even get people to paint the hydrants,” he said. When hydrants were replaced, he added, they would usually be upgraded to models with both a four-inch and a 2.5-inch outlet."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":20},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"The situation in Pacific Palisades is not unique. Overall, hydrants in "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fgeohub.lacity.org\u002Fdatasets\u002Flahub::very-high-fire-hazard-severity-zones\u002Fexplore?location=34.022038%2C-118.415001%2C9.91"}],"text":"areas of Los Angeles"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" deemed to have elevated fire risk are twice as likely to contain just a single 2.5-inch outlet as hydrants elsewhere in the city. One of the most pronounced clusters is in nearby Bel Air, where more than 60 percent of hydrants are those with a single, small outlet."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":21},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"In the Palisades, the Jan. 7 fire started near a bluff-top hiking trail and moved through parched brush down the hill. About 30 minutes after it began, firefighters reported to dispatchers that it was nearing homes, headed toward an area near the top of Bienveneda Avenue, about a mile north of Sunset Boulevard."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":true,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":false,"index":22},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"This has been considered one of the most crucial moments in the fire — a time when it was essential to try to stop it quickly before it could rage out of control, propelled by extraordinarily high winds."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":true,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":23},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"That first neighborhood is equipped in some areas with the modern four-inch hydrants, but many of those along the edge, where the fire first moved in, were the older ones with the 2.5-inch outlets, according to city data analyzed by The Times."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":24},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"The fire spread swiftly through that first neighborhood and moved farther down the hill. Within three hours, it had grown to more than 700 acres, charring a wide stretch of the Palisades. In the end, it destroyed thousands of homes and killed at least 12 people."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":25},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Unrelated to any hydrant design issues, firefighters reported a catastrophic loss of water in the hydrants many hours into the blaze after the storage tanks that feed the hydrants in the upper reaches of the Palisades ran out of water. The city later acknowledged that the Santa Ynez Reservoir, which ordinarily would provide water pressure needed to resupply the storage tanks, had been emptied and shut down for maintenance before the fires began. All three tanks were eventually drained during the course of the firefight, and some of the hydrants went dry."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":true,"index":26},{"__typename":"ImageBlock","media":{"__typename":"Image","altText":"A firefighter sits on a hose, aiming its spray upward.","caption":{"__typename":"TextOnlyDocumentBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"It is unclear whether more modern hydrants could have helped firefighters halt the spread of the fire."}]}],"text":"It is unclear whether more modern hydrants could have helped firefighters halt the spread of the fire."},"credit":"Eric Thayer\u002FGetty Images","crops":[{"__typename":"ImageCrop","renditions":[{"__typename":"ImageRendition","height":400,"name":"articleLarge","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2025\u002F01\u002F30\u002Fmultimedia\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-2-02-vljp\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-2-02-vljp-articleLarge.jpg","width":600},{"__typename":"ImageRendition","height":433,"name":"popup","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2025\u002F01\u002F30\u002Fmultimedia\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-2-02-vljp\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-2-02-vljp-popup.jpg","width":650},{"__typename":"ImageRendition","height":683,"name":"jumbo","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2025\u002F01\u002F30\u002Fmultimedia\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-2-02-vljp\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-2-02-vljp-jumbo.jpg","width":1024},{"__typename":"ImageRendition","height":1365,"name":"superJumbo","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2025\u002F01\u002F30\u002Fmultimedia\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-2-02-vljp\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-2-02-vljp-superJumbo.jpg","width":2048}]},{"__typename":"ImageCrop","renditions":[{"__typename":"ImageRendition","height":150,"name":"thumbLarge","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2025\u002F01\u002F30\u002Fmultimedia\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-2-02-vljp\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-2-02-vljp-thumbLarge.jpg","width":150}]},{"__typename":"ImageCrop","renditions":[{"__typename":"ImageRendition","height":127,"name":"articleInline","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2025\u002F01\u002F30\u002Fmultimedia\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-2-02-vljp\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-2-02-vljp-articleInline.jpg","width":190}]},{"__typename":"ImageCrop","renditions":[{"__typename":"ImageRendition","height":2700,"name":"mobileMasterAt3x","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2025\u002F01\u002F30\u002Fmultimedia\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-2-02-vljp\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-2-02-vljp-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg","width":1800}]}],"id":"SW1hZ2U6bnl0Oi8vaW1hZ2UvMDMzM2NmZDEtN2JmZS01ZDNiLWI4ZDEtMmQ5NTgyYTQ2ODE1","imageType":"photo","legacyHtmlCaption":"It is unclear whether more modern hydrants could have helped firefighters halt the spread of the fire.","timesTags":[],"uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Fimage\u002F0333cfd1-7bfe-5d3b-b8d1-2d9582a46815","url":"\u002Fimagepages\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F04\u002Fmultimedia\u002F00nat-lafire-smallhydrants-2-02-vljp.html"},"size":"LARGE"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":true,"index":27},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Municipal water systems "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002Finteractive\u002F2025\u002F01\u002F24\u002Fus\u002Fla-fires-hydrants-water.html"}],"text":"are not designed to handle fires"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" that are consuming numerous structures at once, and many firefighting experts have expressed doubt that anything could have been done to contain a blaze that was spreading through so many homes in such dry and windy conditions."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":true,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":28},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"That is why the early moments of such a fire are so critical, said Venkatesh Kodur, the director of the Center for Structural Fire Engineering and Diagnostics at Michigan State University. Fires grow exponentially, he said, so it is vital for crews to be able to combat a blaze as much as possible in the first 30 minutes."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":true,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":29},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Having four-inch outlets, or at least the option of more than one outlet on each hydrant, might have provided firefighters in the Palisades with a better chance to alter the course of the fire, he said. He said it was likely that the hydrant issue would be explored as part of the fire investigation."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":false,"index":30},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"“There are a lot of lessons to be learned,” he said."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Other places in California have moved to eliminate the old-style hydrants, among them the city of Santa Maria, which is replacing about 20 remaining wharf-style hydrants, each equipped with a single 2.5-inch outlet, at a total cost of about $200,000. Shad Springer, the city’s director of utilities, said the transition to more modern hydrants had made it easier to maintain them."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":31},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"“It would also improve the fire flow for the firefighting — there is no doubt that would be part of it as well,” Mr. Springer said."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":32},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Fire experts said the review of water supply issues in the Los Angeles-area fires would most likely look much further than storage tanks and hydrant capacity, to include an even broader re-evaluation of whether drought-prone Southern California has access to enough water to fight blazes that can consume an entire neighborhood at once."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":33},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Rick Swan, a former deputy chief at Cal Fire, the state fire agency, said it would be ideal for all cities to install large-valve hydrants. But he acknowledged that changing out decades-old hydrants, installed when guidelines were different, could be a large task. “It’s an expensive undertaking to do any of these things,” he said."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"}]},"storyFormat":"Article","storylines":[{"__typename":"AssociatedStoryline","ruleName":"styln-los-angeles-wildfires","storyline":{"__typename":"Storyline","context":null,"displayName":"California Wildfires","experimentalJsonBlob":"{\"data\":[{\"version\":1,\"type\":\"experimentalJsonBlob\",\"data\":[{\"version\":1,\"type\":\"guide\",\"data\":{\"title\":\"More on the Southern California Wildfires\",\"leadIn\":\"\",\"sections\":[{\"section\":[{\"type\":\"bulletedList\",\"value\":[\"\u003Cstrong\u003EFire Engine Shortage:\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E Wall Street executives have led an aggressive consolidation of the fire engine industry, leading to \u003Ca href=\\\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F17\u002Fus\u002Ffire-engines-shortage-private-equity.html\\\"\u003Esoaring prices and orders that take years to fulfill\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. The disruption has had effects well beyond Los Angeles.\",\"\u003Cstrong\u003EWhere Something Went Right\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E: While some Angelenos cast around for someone to blame, a whole \u003Ca href=\\\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F05\u002Fmagazine\u002Fla-fires-emergency-response-mutual-aid.html\\\"\u003Ecooperative emergency-response system whirred to life\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\",\"\u003Cstrong\u003EThe \u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EA\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Egony of the List:\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E After a wildfire comes the \u003Ca href=\\\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F06\u002Frealestate\u002Faltadena-la-fires-insurance-list.html\\\"\u003Eemotional toll of listing every object \u003C\u002Fa\u003Einside a destroyed home. California’s top insurance regulator wants insurance carriers to \u003Ca href=\\\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F06\u002Frealestate\u002Fcalifornia-insurance-itemization.html\\\"\u003Epay full policy limits\u003C\u002Fa\u003E without requiring victims to itemize every object in their destroyed homes.\",\"\u003Cstrong\u003EHow L.A. Can Protect Itself From Wildfires:\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E Around the world, other communities are experimenting with \u003Ca href=\\\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F01\u002Fclimate\u002Flos-angeles-rebuild-wildfires.html\\\"\u003Eideas that Los Angeles could borrow\u003C\u002Fa\u003E as it rebuilds from disastrous wildfires.\"]}]}]}}]}]}","guide":{"__typename":"StorylineGuide","displayName":"More on the Southern California Wildfires","leadIn":null,"sections":[{"__typename":"StorylineGuideSection","items":[{"__typename":"StorylineGuideItem","content":{"__typename":"ListBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ListItemBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"BoldFormat"}],"text":"Fire Engine Shortage:"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" Wall Street executives have led an aggressive consolidation of the fire engine industry, leading to "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002F03832919-41d6-5bb2-b5c4-183f0bd9b413","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F17\u002Fus\u002Ffire-engines-shortage-private-equity.html"}],"text":"soaring prices and orders that take years to fulfill"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":". The disruption has had effects well beyond Los Angeles."}]}]},{"__typename":"ListItemBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"BoldFormat"}],"text":"Where Something Went Right"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":": While some Angelenos cast around for someone to blame, a whole "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002Fe9935b8a-9c0c-5244-a925-60d86c5686b0","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F05\u002Fmagazine\u002Fla-fires-emergency-response-mutual-aid.html"}],"text":"cooperative emergency-response system whirred to life"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"."}]}]},{"__typename":"ListItemBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"BoldFormat"}],"text":"The "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"BoldFormat"}],"text":"A"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"BoldFormat"}],"text":"gony of the List:"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" After a wildfire comes the "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002F94579dec-4871-54bc-8865-702dfd68f576","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F06\u002Frealestate\u002Faltadena-la-fires-insurance-list.html"}],"text":"emotional toll of listing every object "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"inside a destroyed home. California’s top insurance regulator wants insurance carriers to "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002F44eda73b-376c-54f2-8e97-38a59717e790","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F06\u002Frealestate\u002Fcalifornia-insurance-itemization.html"}],"text":"pay full policy limits"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" without requiring victims to itemize every object in their destroyed homes."}]}]},{"__typename":"ListItemBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"BoldFormat"}],"text":"How L.A. Can Protect Itself From Wildfires:"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" Around the world, other communities are experimenting with "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002F9365ad6d-6e2d-504a-9584-cf7efa7b31f3","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F01\u002Fclimate\u002Flos-angeles-rebuild-wildfires.html"}],"text":"ideas that Los Angeles could borrow"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" as it rebuilds from disastrous wildfires."}]}]}]}}]}]},"hubAssets":[],"primaryAssets":[{"__typename":"StorylinePrimaryAsset","asset":{"__typename":"Article","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002Fb0360d1a-2869-5d8e-a255-57758bbed717","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F13\u002Fweather\u002Fcalifornia-storm-flooding.html"},"displayName":"Fear of Flooding","status":null},{"__typename":"StorylinePrimaryAsset","asset":{"__typename":"Article","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002Fd4e49bfc-f280-55ab-9f38-6ca0fb721e7c","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F13\u002Fweather\u002Fwhat-is-debris-flow-mudslide.html"},"displayName":"Debris Flow: What to Know","status":null},{"__typename":"StorylinePrimaryAsset","asset":{"__typename":"Article","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002Fe1146b4b-6e3a-50bf-9984-31921e1b1455","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F01\u002F07\u002Fus\u002Fcalifornia-wildfire-photos.html"},"displayName":"Photos","status":null},{"__typename":"StorylinePrimaryAsset","asset":{"__typename":"Article","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002F48ce3ac5-9317-5c1f-9bd3-69fc2eeebf5f","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F06\u002Fbusiness\u002Featon-fire-power-lines-edison.html"},"displayName":"Electrical Equipment Irregularities","status":null},{"__typename":"StorylinePrimaryAsset","asset":{"__typename":"Article","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002F9696c1d8-51de-53c5-96a0-45843158a991","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F04\u002Fus\u002Flos-angeles-fire-hydrants-substandard.html"},"displayName":"Substandard Hydrants","status":null},{"__typename":"StorylinePrimaryAsset","asset":{"__typename":"Article","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002Fd4d0b260-749f-5c51-9c11-c4aba49c3a4c","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F04\u002Fus\u002Fla-fires-leader-power-rebuild.html"},"displayName":"Beginning to Rebuild","status":null}],"promotedLiveAssets":[],"tone":"NEWS","topLinks":null,"uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Fstoryline\u002Fe8dd4f23-7286-4835-966e-b706e26dad20","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002Fstoryline\u002Fe8dd4f23-7286-4835-966e-b706e26dad20"},"testName":""},{"__typename":"AssociatedStoryline","ruleName":"styln-national-general","storyline":{"__typename":"Storyline","context":null,"displayName":"Best of National","experimentalJsonBlob":"{\"data\":[{\"version\":1,\"type\":\"experimentalJsonBlob\",\"data\":[{\"version\":1,\"type\":\"guide\",\"data\":{\"title\":\"Across the U.S. With The Times\",\"leadIn\":\"Our reporters are exploring how America defines itself.\",\"sections\":[{\"section\":[{\"type\":\"bulletedList\",\"value\":[\"\u003Cstrong\u003EA Hero Runaway Dog:\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E For months, Scrim ran wild around New Orleans, \u003Ca href=\\\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F17\u002Fus\u002Frunaway-dog-scrim-new-orleans-hero.html\\\"\u003Eeluding capture and developing a giant fan base\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. His saga has inspired tattoos, murals and Mardi Gras floats.\",\"\u003Cstrong\u003EFire Departments Pay the Price:\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E In recent years, Wall Street has led an aggressive consolidation of the fire engine industry, leading to \u003Ca href=\\\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F17\u002Fus\u002Ffire-engines-shortage-private-equity.html\\\"\u003Esoaring prices, delayed deliveries and frustrated fire departments\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\",\"\u003Cstrong\u003E‘Rocket City’ Braces for Impact:\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E In Huntsville, Ala., \u003Ca href=\\\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F15\u002Fus\u002Ftrump-federal-jobs-alabama-rocket-city.html\\\"\u003Ea city fueled by defense and aerospace\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, there is cautious optimism that federal investment may still come its way despite President Trump’s campaign to reduce government waste.\",\"\u003Cstrong\u003EFunding Freeze Bruises Farmers:\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E A rapid-fire array of directives by the Trump administration have left \u003Ca href=\\\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F13\u002Fus\u002Fpolitics\u002Ftrump-funding-freeze-farmers.html\\\"\u003Efarmers and businesses in rural America reeling, setting off and panic among a core constituency\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\",\"\u003Cstrong\u003EThis Man Won Birthright Citizenship for All:\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E When officials denied that he was a citizen, Wong Kim Ark took his case to the Supreme Court and won. 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His saga has inspired tattoos, murals and Mardi Gras floats."}]}]},{"__typename":"ListItemBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"BoldFormat"}],"text":"Fire Departments Pay the Price:"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" In recent years, Wall Street has led an aggressive consolidation of the fire engine industry, leading to "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002F03832919-41d6-5bb2-b5c4-183f0bd9b413","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F17\u002Fus\u002Ffire-engines-shortage-private-equity.html"}],"text":"soaring prices, delayed deliveries and frustrated fire departments"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"."}]}]},{"__typename":"ListItemBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"BoldFormat"}],"text":"‘Rocket City’ Braces for Impact:"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" In Huntsville, Ala., "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002F2b0782a3-4402-5b8d-ad8a-5148f6f42254","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F15\u002Fus\u002Ftrump-federal-jobs-alabama-rocket-city.html"}],"text":"a city fueled by defense and aerospace"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":", there is cautious optimism that federal investment may still come its way despite President Trump’s campaign to reduce government waste."}]}]},{"__typename":"ListItemBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"BoldFormat"}],"text":"Funding Freeze Bruises Farmers:"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" A rapid-fire array of directives by the Trump administration have left "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002F68379b45-9f7c-52e4-9aac-a14983c3e0f5","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F13\u002Fus\u002Fpolitics\u002Ftrump-funding-freeze-farmers.html"}],"text":"farmers and businesses in rural America reeling, setting off and panic among a core constituency"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"."}]}]},{"__typename":"ListItemBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"BoldFormat"}],"text":"This Man Won Birthright Citizenship for All:"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" When officials denied that he was a citizen, Wong Kim Ark took his case to the Supreme Court and won. 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