CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" class="wf-loading"> <head prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns# fb: https://ogp.me/ns/fb# academia: https://ogp.me/ns/fb/academia#"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <title>John E Stewart | Free University of Brussels - Academia.edu</title>  <link href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-production.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-194x194.png" sizes="194x194"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <script> window.performance && window.performance.measure && window.performance.measure("Time To First Byte", "requestStart", "responseStart"); </script> <script> (function() { if (!window.URLSearchParams || !window.history || !window.history.replaceState) { return; } var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search); var paramsToDelete = [ 'fs', 'sm', 'swp', 'iid', 'nbs', 'rcc', // related content category 'rcpos', // related content carousel position 'rcpg', // related carousel page 'rchid', // related content hit id 'f_ri', // research interest id, for SEO tracking 'f_fri', // featured research interest, for SEO tracking (param key without value) 'f_rid', // from research interest directory for SEO tracking 'f_loswp', // from research interest pills on LOSWP sidebar for SEO tracking 'rhid', // referrring hit id ]; if (paramsToDelete.every((key) => searchParams.get(key) === null)) { return; } paramsToDelete.forEach((key) => { searchParams.delete(key); }); var cleanUrl = new URL(window.location.href); cleanUrl.search = searchParams.toString(); history.replaceState({}, document.title, cleanUrl); })(); </script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "profiles/works", 'action': "summary", 'controller_action': 'profiles/works#summary', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.sendUserTiming = function(timingName) { if (!(window.performance && window.performance.measure)) return; var entries = window.performance.getEntriesByName(timingName, "measure"); if (entries.length !== 1) return; var timingValue = Math.round(entries[0].duration); gtag('event', 'timing_complete', { name: timingName, value: timingValue, event_category: 'User-centric', }); }; window.sendUserTiming("Time To First Byte"); </script> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="7Y+pV72rIr+9VzSbpp67Zky23IElQrRS7KMya6JNdUbO6SZduE17LDTfagV88lQIJufBwbj7TY2hbz4c1nwjHQ==" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow-77f7b87cb1583fc59aa8f94756ebfe913345937eb932042b4077563bebb5fb4b.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/social/home-1c712297ae3ac71207193b1bae0ecf1aae125886850f62c9c0139dd867630797.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/heading-b2b823dd904da60a48fd1bfa1defd840610c2ff414d3f39ed3af46277ab8df3b.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-3cea6e0ad4715ed965c49bfb15dedfc632787b32ff6d8c3a474182b231146ab7.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-8d679e925718b5e8e4b18e9a4fab37f7eaa99e43386459376559080ac8f2856a.css" /><link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/common-10fa40af19d25203774df2d4a03b9b5771b45109c2304968038e88a81d1215c5.css" /> <meta name="author" content="john e stewart" /> <meta name="description" content="John Stewart is an Australian-based evolutionary theorist and activist who is a core member of the Evolution, Complexity and Cognition Research Group of the…" /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs" /> <script> var $controller_name = 'works'; var $action_name = "summary"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '49879c2402910372f4abc62630a427bbe033d190'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.Aedu = { hit_data: null }; window.Aedu.SiteStats = {"premium_universities_count":15275,"monthly_visitors":"113 million","monthly_visitor_count":113468711,"monthly_visitor_count_in_millions":113,"user_count":277150184,"paper_count":55203019,"paper_count_in_millions":55,"page_count":432000000,"page_count_in_millions":432,"pdf_count":16500000,"pdf_count_in_millions":16}; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732409459000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732409459000; window.Aedu.isUsingCssV1 = false; window.Aedu.enableLocalization = true; window.Aedu.activateFullstory = false; window.Aedu.serviceAvailability = { status: {"attention_db":"on","bibliography_db":"on","contacts_db":"on","email_db":"on","indexability_db":"on","mentions_db":"on","news_db":"on","notifications_db":"on","offsite_mentions_db":"on","redshift":"on","redshift_exports_db":"on","related_works_db":"on","ring_db":"on","user_tests_db":"on"}, serviceEnabled: function(service) { return this.status[service] === "on"; }, readEnabled: function(service) { return this.serviceEnabled(service) || this.status[service] === "read_only"; }, }; window.Aedu.viewApmTrace = function() { // Check if x-apm-trace-id meta tag is set, and open the trace in APM // in a new window if it is. var apmTraceId = document.head.querySelector('meta[name="x-apm-trace-id"]'); if (apmTraceId) { var traceId = apmTraceId.content; // Use trace ID to construct URL, an example URL looks like: // https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%31298410148923562634 var apmUrl = 'https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%3A' + traceId; window.open(apmUrl, '_blank'); } }; </script>  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:100,100i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i,900,900i" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/libraries-a9675dcb01ec4ef6aa807ba772c7a5a00c1820d3ff661c1038a20f80d06bb4e4.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/academia-296162c7af6fd81dcdd76f1a94f1fad04fb5f647401337d136fe8b68742170b1.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system_legacy-056a9113b9a0f5343d013b29ee1929d5a18be35fdcdceb616600b4db8bd20054.css" /> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/runtime-bundle-005434038af4252ca37c527588411a3d6a0eabb5f727fac83f8bbe7fd88d93bb.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/webpack_libraries_and_infrequently_changed.wjs-bundle-8d53a22151f33ab413d88fa1c02f979c3f8706d470fc1bced09852c72a9f3454.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/core_webpack.wjs-bundle-f8fe82512740391f81c9e8cc48220144024b425b359b08194e316f4de070b9e8.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/sentry.wjs-bundle-5fe03fddca915c8ba0f7edbe64c194308e8ce5abaed7bffe1255ff37549c4808.js"></script> <script> jade = window.jade || {}; jade.helpers = window.$h; jade._ = window._; </script>  <script id="tag-manager-head-root">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer_old','GTM-5G9JF7Z');</script>  <script> window.gptadslots = []; window.googletag = window.googletag || {}; window.googletag.cmd = window.googletag.cmd || []; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // TODO(jacob): This should be defined, may be rare load order problem. // Checking if null is just a quick fix, will default to en if unset. // Better fix is to run this immedietely after I18n is set. if (window.I18n != null) { I18n.defaultLocale = "en"; I18n.locale = "en"; I18n.fallbacks = true; } </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart" /> </head>   <body class='c-profiles/works a-summary logged_out'>  <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script><script>window.fbAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function if (window.FB) { return; } (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); } if (!window.defer_facebook) { // Autoload if not deferred window.fbAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.fbAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script><script>window.googleAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function (function(d) { var js; var id = 'google-jssdk'; var ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.onload = loadGoogle; js.src = "https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client" ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); }(document)); } if (!window.defer_google) { // Autoload if not deferred window.googleAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.googleAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="tag-manager-body-root">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5G9JF7Z" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>   <script> window.addEventListener('load', function() { if (document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]')) { document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]').addEventListener('click', function() { gtag('event', 'click', { event_category: 'button', event_label: 'Log In' }) }) } }); </script> </div> <script>var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "26766707" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })();</script><img src="https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=26766707&cv=2.0&cj=1" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden" /> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class='DesignSystem'> <a class='u-showOnFocus' href='#site'> Skip to main content </a> </div> <div id="upgrade_ie_banner" style="display: none;"><p>Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p>To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to <a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.getElementById('upgrade_ie_banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="DesignSystem bootstrap ShrinkableNav"><div class="navbar navbar-default main-header"><div class="container-wrapper" id="main-header-container"><div class="container"><div class="navbar-header"><div class="nav-left-wrapper u-mt0x"><div class="nav-logo"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="visible-xs-inline-block" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hidden-xs" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a></div><div class="nav-search"><div class="SiteSearch-wrapper select2-no-default-pills"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form DesignSystem" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><i class="SiteSearch-icon fa fa-search u-fw700 u-positionAbsolute u-tcGrayDark"></i><input class="js-SiteSearch-form-input SiteSearch-form-input form-control" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" value="" /></form></div></div></div><div class="nav-right-wrapper pull-right"><ul class="NavLinks js-main-nav list-unstyled"><li class="NavLinks-link"><a class="js-header-login-url Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" id="nav_log_in" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="NavLinks-link u-p0x"><a class="Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li></ul><button class="hidden-lg hidden-md hidden-sm u-ml4x navbar-toggle collapsed" data-target=".js-mobile-header-links" data-toggle="collapse" type="button"><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></button></div></div><div class="collapse navbar-collapse js-mobile-header-links"><ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"><a href="#">more&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li><li><ul class="js-mobile-nav-expand-section nav navbar-nav u-m0x collapse"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://medium.com/@academia">Blog</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><i class="fa fa-briefcase"></i> We're Hiring!</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/"><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i> Help Center</a></li><li class="js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 dropup" style="display:none"><a href="#">less&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><script>(function(){ var $moreLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"); var $lessLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger"); var $section = $('.js-mobile-nav-expand-section'); $moreLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.hide(); $lessLink.show(); $section.collapse('show'); }); $lessLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.show(); $lessLink.hide(); $section.collapse('hide'); }); })() if ($a.is_logged_in() || false) { new Aedu.NavigationController({ el: '.js-main-nav', showHighlightedNotification: false }); } else { $(".js-header-login-url").attr("href", $a.loginUrlWithRedirect()); } Aedu.autocompleteSearch = new AutocompleteSearch({el: '.js-SiteSearch-form'});</script></div></div> <div id='site' class='fixed'> <div id="content" class="clearfix"> <script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){ var $dismissible = $(".dismissible_banner"); $dismissible.click(function(ev) { $dismissible.hide(); }); });</script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/profile.wjs-bundle-9601d1cc3d68aa07c0a9901d03d3611aec04cc07d2a2039718ebef4ad4d148ca.js" defer="defer"></script><script>Aedu.rankings = { showPaperRankingsLink: false } $viewedUser = Aedu.User.set_viewed( {"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1719943/3650111/4280529/s65_john.stewart.jpg","has_photo":true,"department":{"id":375615,"name":"Evolution of Complexity and Cognition Research Group","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/Departments/Evolution_of_Complexity_and_Cognition_Research_Group/Documents","university":{"id":46421,"name":"Free University of Brussels","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/"}},"position":"Core Member","position_id":4,"is_analytics_public":false,"interests":[{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology"},{"id":851,"name":"Complex Systems Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complex_Systems_Science"},{"id":2894,"name":"Evolution of cooperation (Evolutionary Biology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_cooperation_Evolutionary_Biology_"},{"id":33713,"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_and_Human_Behavior"},{"id":5777,"name":"Evolutionary Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Ethics"},{"id":20119,"name":"Major Transitions (Evolution)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Major_Transitions_Evolution_"},{"id":4315,"name":"Origins of Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_of_Life"},{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":255,"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Psychology"},{"id":3660,"name":"Global Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Governance"},{"id":17607,"name":"Evolution of Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Consciousness"},{"id":19741,"name":"Big History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Big_History"},{"id":4212,"name":"Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognition"}]} ); if ($a.is_logged_in() && $viewedUser.is_current_user()) { $('body').addClass('profile-viewed-by-owner'); } $socialProfiles = []</script><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart","location":"/JohnStewart","scheme":"https","host":"evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/JohnStewart","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate" data-props="{}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-c1e49463-ec6d-4a4b-a75c-4684cb6fd751"></div> <div id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-c1e49463-ec6d-4a4b-a75c-4684cb6fd751"></div> <div class="DesignSystem"><div class="onsite-ping" id="onsite-ping"></div></div><div class="profile-user-info DesignSystem"><div class="social-profile-container"><div class="left-panel-container"><div class="user-info-component-wrapper"><div class="user-summary-cta-container"><div class="user-summary-container"><div class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="John E Stewart" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/1719943/3650111/4280529/s200_john.stewart.jpg" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">John E Stewart</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/">Free University of Brussels</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/Departments/Evolution_of_Complexity_and_Cognition_Research_Group/Documents">Evolution of Complexity and Cognition Research Group</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Core Member</span></div></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="John" data-follow-user-id="1719943" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">add</span>Follow</button><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-unfollow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.unfollow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-unfollow-button" data-unfollow-user-id="1719943"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">done</span>Following</button></div></div><div class="user-stats-container"><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followers"><p class="label">Followers</p><p class="data">107</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followees" data-broccoli-component="user-info.followees-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-following"><p class="label">Following</p><p class="data">49</p></div></a><span><div class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="user-bio-container"><div class="profile-bio fake-truncate js-profile-about" style="margin: 0px;">John Stewart is an Australian-based evolutionary theorist and activist who is a core member of the Evolution, Complexity and Cognition Research Group of the Free University of Brussels.  As an evolutionary theorist his main focus has been on the trajectory of evolution.  His work on the directionality of evolution and its implications for humanity has been published in a number of key papers in international science journals.  These include papers on the potential for humans to enhance their psychological capacities through the future evolution of consciousness.  He is the author of the internationally acclaimed book ‘Evolution’s Arrow: the direction of evolution and the future of humanity’.  In 2008 he was a keynote speaker at the first international scientific conference on The Evolution and Development of the Universe held in Paris.  As an evolutionary activist he uses a science-based understanding of the trajectory of evolution to identify how humanity must evolve if we are to continue to succeed in evolutionary terms.  He has summarized his approach in The Evolutionary Manifesto.  The Manifesto demonstrates the potential of an evolutionary worldview to provide meaning, purpose and direction for human existence.  It shows that humanity will need to intentionally advance the evolutionary process on Earth if it is to participate positively in the future evolution of life in the universe.  This will involve intentionally re-organizing our political and social systems and by further developing our consciousness and cognition.<br /><div class="js-profile-less-about u-linkUnstyled u-tcGrayDarker u-textDecorationUnderline u-displayNone">less</div></div></div><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span><a class="ri-more-link js-profile-ri-list-card" data-click-track="profile-user-info-primary-research-interest" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1719943">View All (14)</a></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1719943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart","location":"/JohnStewart","scheme":"https","host":"evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/JohnStewart","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Evolution"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-e7ee921f-c227-4d88-8749-9d96f3b0f629"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-e7ee921f-c227-4d88-8749-9d96f3b0f629"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1719943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Evolutionary Biology"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-e338a2f6-7122-4c80-a205-39422791a059"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-e338a2f6-7122-4c80-a205-39422791a059"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1719943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complex_Systems_Science"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Complex Systems Science"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-f528d2d0-4425-490b-a5d7-a246fe810f7d"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-f528d2d0-4425-490b-a5d7-a246fe810f7d"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1719943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_cooperation_Evolutionary_Biology_"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Evolution of cooperation (Evolutionary Biology)"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-5154f310-cb35-4bcf-ac05-612d41ebd798"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-5154f310-cb35-4bcf-ac05-612d41ebd798"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1719943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_and_Human_Behavior"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Evolution and Human Behavior"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-876ef045-ad59-42c2-8fac-7431410d0911"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-876ef045-ad59-42c2-8fac-7431410d0911"></div> </a></div></div><div class="external-links-container"><ul class="profile-links new-profile js-UserInfo-social"><li class="profile-profiles js-social-profiles-container"><i class="fa fa-spin fa-spinner"></i></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="nav-container backbone-profile-documents-nav hidden-xs"><ul class="nav-tablist" role="tablist"><li class="nav-chip active" role="presentation"><a data-section-name="" data-toggle="tab" href="#all" role="tab">all</a></li><li class="nav-chip" role="presentation"><a class="js-profile-docs-nav-section u-textTruncate" data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Papers" data-toggle="tab" href="#papers" role="tab" title="Papers"><span>14</span> <span class="ds2-5-body-sm-bold">Papers</span></a></li><li class="nav-chip" role="presentation"><a class="js-profile-docs-nav-section u-textTruncate" data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Drafts" data-toggle="tab" href="#drafts" role="tab" title="Drafts"><span>8</span> <span class="ds2-5-body-sm-bold">Drafts</span></a></li><li class="nav-chip" role="presentation"><a class="js-profile-docs-nav-section u-textTruncate" data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Books" data-toggle="tab" href="#books" role="tab" title="Books"><span>2</span> <span class="ds2-5-body-sm-bold">Books</span></a></li></ul></div><div class="divider ds-divider-16" style="margin: 0px;"></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by John E Stewart</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="108326210"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/108326210/The_direction_of_evolution_the_rise_of_cooperative_organization"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The direction of evolution: the rise of cooperative organization" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/106740195/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/108326210/The_direction_of_evolution_the_rise_of_cooperative_organization">The direction of evolution: the rise of cooperative organization</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Bio Systems</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Two great trends are evident in the evolution of life on Earth: towards increasing diversificatio...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Two great trends are evident in the evolution of life on Earth: towards increasing diversification and towards increasing integration. Diversification has spread living processes across the planet, progressively increasing the range of environments and free energy sources exploited by life. Integration has proceeded through a stepwise process in which living entities at one level are integrated into cooperative groups that become larger-scale entities at the next level, and so on, producing cooperative organizations of increasing scale (for example, cooperative groups of simple cells gave rise to the more complex eukaryote cells, groups of these gave rise to multi-cellular organisms, and cooperative groups of these organisms produced animal societies). The trend towards increasing integration has continued during human evolution with the progressive increase in the scale of human groups and societies. The trends towards increasing diversification and integration are both driven by s...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="dfc73eb1a8306579ab541b324926e5fa" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":106740195,"asset_id":108326210,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/106740195/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="108326210"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="108326210"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 108326210; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=108326210]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=108326210]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 108326210; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='108326210']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 108326210, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "dfc73eb1a8306579ab541b324926e5fa" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=108326210]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":108326210,"title":"The direction of evolution: the rise of cooperative organization","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Two great trends are evident in the evolution of life on Earth: towards increasing diversification and towards increasing integration. Diversification has spread living processes across the planet, progressively increasing the range of environments and free energy sources exploited by life. Integration has proceeded through a stepwise process in which living entities at one level are integrated into cooperative groups that become larger-scale entities at the next level, and so on, producing cooperative organizations of increasing scale (for example, cooperative groups of simple cells gave rise to the more complex eukaryote cells, groups of these gave rise to multi-cellular organisms, and cooperative groups of these organisms produced animal societies). The trend towards increasing integration has continued during human evolution with the progressive increase in the scale of human groups and societies. The trends towards increasing diversification and integration are both driven by s...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2014,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Bio Systems"},"translated_abstract":"Two great trends are evident in the evolution of life on Earth: towards increasing diversification and towards increasing integration. Diversification has spread living processes across the planet, progressively increasing the range of environments and free energy sources exploited by life. Integration has proceeded through a stepwise process in which living entities at one level are integrated into cooperative groups that become larger-scale entities at the next level, and so on, producing cooperative organizations of increasing scale (for example, cooperative groups of simple cells gave rise to the more complex eukaryote cells, groups of these gave rise to multi-cellular organisms, and cooperative groups of these organisms produced animal societies). The trend towards increasing integration has continued during human evolution with the progressive increase in the scale of human groups and societies. The trends towards increasing diversification and integration are both driven by s...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/108326210/The_direction_of_evolution_the_rise_of_cooperative_organization","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-10-18T20:55:42.884-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":106740195,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/106740195/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"direction.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/106740195/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_direction_of_evolution_the_rise_of_c.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/106740195/direction-libre.pdf?1697689106=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_direction_of_evolution_the_rise_of_c.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=KCylwgsptjeN1StDYIS-4AzS4iw7YXx99ieXvKw3twRqGbC5-hbEKUOOf9I25GTKuhwn4w3ns6sG2i6tuRLMBYj~5mnfKGYhBl4xfuqxmMBEsVZZDmXjMvzy~xa5RZJAfdmuI8lVZPHzUUpjUWZnKgS72m2Gzfnp2RocIkd5VKqdOe8mWH0dHBqboLTpbfjlTXbg71k28XpUUS8RkedZrsUTCF17v4WsjiViGn-fEz5yfZDPQUMlAkV9lFhJi~mKVZR3DE34Mldz2XdU8fvoZOMEUSWx6DKcc5Fp59lJZEEAlVw76HDLR38Uj9~blcUoIMYmmJmxlMjCoqxrXBuEOA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_direction_of_evolution_the_rise_of_cooperative_organization","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":106740195,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/106740195/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"direction.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/106740195/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_direction_of_evolution_the_rise_of_c.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/106740195/direction-libre.pdf?1697689106=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_direction_of_evolution_the_rise_of_c.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=KCylwgsptjeN1StDYIS-4AzS4iw7YXx99ieXvKw3twRqGbC5-hbEKUOOf9I25GTKuhwn4w3ns6sG2i6tuRLMBYj~5mnfKGYhBl4xfuqxmMBEsVZZDmXjMvzy~xa5RZJAfdmuI8lVZPHzUUpjUWZnKgS72m2Gzfnp2RocIkd5VKqdOe8mWH0dHBqboLTpbfjlTXbg71k28XpUUS8RkedZrsUTCF17v4WsjiViGn-fEz5yfZDPQUMlAkV9lFhJi~mKVZR3DE34Mldz2XdU8fvoZOMEUSWx6DKcc5Fp59lJZEEAlVw76HDLR38Uj9~blcUoIMYmmJmxlMjCoqxrXBuEOA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"},{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science"},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology"},{"id":17825,"name":"Biodiversity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biodiversity"},{"id":20463,"name":"Bio-Inspired Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bio-Inspired_Systems"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals"},{"id":191815,"name":"Biological evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_evolution"},{"id":373754,"name":"Ecosystem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecosystem"},{"id":577933,"name":"Genetic variation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_variation"},{"id":693977,"name":"Exploit","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exploit"},{"id":771990,"name":"Eukaryotic Cells","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eukaryotic_Cells"},{"id":782619,"name":"Biosystems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biosystems"},{"id":1208706,"name":"Environment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environment"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86827592"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86827592/The_evolution_and_development_of_consciousness_the_subject_object_emergence_hypothesis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The evolution and development of consciousness: the subject-object emergence hypothesis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91194951/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86827592/The_evolution_and_development_of_consciousness_the_subject_object_emergence_hypothesis">The evolution and development of consciousness: the subject-object emergence hypothesis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Biosystems</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A strategy for investigating consciousness that has proven very productive has focused on compari...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A strategy for investigating consciousness that has proven very productive has focused on comparing brain processes that are accompanied by consciousness with processes that are not. But comparatively little attention has been given to a related strategy that promises to be even more fertile. This strategy exploits the fact that as individuals develop, new classes of brain processes can transition from operating 'in the dark' to becoming conscious. It has been suggested that these transitions occur when a new class of brain processes becomes object to a new, emergent, higher-level subject. Similar transitions are likely to have occurred during evolution. An evolutionary/developmental research strategy sets out to identify the nature of the transitions in brain processes that shift them from operating in the dark to 'lighting up'. The paper begins the application of this strategy by extrapolating the sequence of transitions back towards its origin. The goal is to reconstruct a minimally-complex, subject-object subsystem that would be capable of giving rise to consciousness and providing adaptive benefits. By focusing on reconstructing a subsystem that is simple and understandable, this approach avoids the homunculus fallacy. The reconstruction suggests that the emergence of such a minimally-complex subsystem was driven by its capacity to coordinate body-environment interactions in real time e.g. hand-eye coordination. Conscious processing emerged initially because of its central role in organising real-time sensorimotor coordination. The paper goes on to identify and examine a number of subsequent major transitions in consciousness, including the emergence of capacities for conscious mental modelling. Each transition is driven by its potential to solve adaptive challenges that cannot be overcome at lower levels. The paper argues that mental modelling arose out of a pre-existing capacity to use simulations of motor actions to anticipate the consequences of the actions. As the capacity developed, elements of the simulations could be changed, and the consequences of these changes could be 'thought through' consciously. This enabled alternative motor responses to be evaluated. The paper goes on to predict significant new major transitions in consciousness.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="68aec334e7615665c9492350c55026c6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":91194951,"asset_id":86827592,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91194951/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86827592"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86827592"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86827592; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86827592]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86827592]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86827592; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86827592']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 86827592, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "68aec334e7615665c9492350c55026c6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86827592]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86827592,"title":"The evolution and development of consciousness: the subject-object emergence hypothesis","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2022.104687","abstract":"A strategy for investigating consciousness that has proven very productive has focused on comparing brain processes that are accompanied by consciousness with processes that are not. But comparatively little attention has been given to a related strategy that promises to be even more fertile. This strategy exploits the fact that as individuals develop, new classes of brain processes can transition from operating 'in the dark' to becoming conscious. It has been suggested that these transitions occur when a new class of brain processes becomes object to a new, emergent, higher-level subject. Similar transitions are likely to have occurred during evolution. An evolutionary/developmental research strategy sets out to identify the nature of the transitions in brain processes that shift them from operating in the dark to 'lighting up'. The paper begins the application of this strategy by extrapolating the sequence of transitions back towards its origin. The goal is to reconstruct a minimally-complex, subject-object subsystem that would be capable of giving rise to consciousness and providing adaptive benefits. By focusing on reconstructing a subsystem that is simple and understandable, this approach avoids the homunculus fallacy. The reconstruction suggests that the emergence of such a minimally-complex subsystem was driven by its capacity to coordinate body-environment interactions in real time e.g. hand-eye coordination. Conscious processing emerged initially because of its central role in organising real-time sensorimotor coordination. The paper goes on to identify and examine a number of subsequent major transitions in consciousness, including the emergence of capacities for conscious mental modelling. Each transition is driven by its potential to solve adaptive challenges that cannot be overcome at lower levels. The paper argues that mental modelling arose out of a pre-existing capacity to use simulations of motor actions to anticipate the consequences of the actions. As the capacity developed, elements of the simulations could be changed, and the consequences of these changes could be 'thought through' consciously. This enabled alternative motor responses to be evaluated. The paper goes on to predict significant new major transitions in consciousness.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Biosystems"},"translated_abstract":"A strategy for investigating consciousness that has proven very productive has focused on comparing brain processes that are accompanied by consciousness with processes that are not. But comparatively little attention has been given to a related strategy that promises to be even more fertile. This strategy exploits the fact that as individuals develop, new classes of brain processes can transition from operating 'in the dark' to becoming conscious. It has been suggested that these transitions occur when a new class of brain processes becomes object to a new, emergent, higher-level subject. Similar transitions are likely to have occurred during evolution. An evolutionary/developmental research strategy sets out to identify the nature of the transitions in brain processes that shift them from operating in the dark to 'lighting up'. The paper begins the application of this strategy by extrapolating the sequence of transitions back towards its origin. The goal is to reconstruct a minimally-complex, subject-object subsystem that would be capable of giving rise to consciousness and providing adaptive benefits. By focusing on reconstructing a subsystem that is simple and understandable, this approach avoids the homunculus fallacy. The reconstruction suggests that the emergence of such a minimally-complex subsystem was driven by its capacity to coordinate body-environment interactions in real time e.g. hand-eye coordination. Conscious processing emerged initially because of its central role in organising real-time sensorimotor coordination. The paper goes on to identify and examine a number of subsequent major transitions in consciousness, including the emergence of capacities for conscious mental modelling. Each transition is driven by its potential to solve adaptive challenges that cannot be overcome at lower levels. The paper argues that mental modelling arose out of a pre-existing capacity to use simulations of motor actions to anticipate the consequences of the actions. As the capacity developed, elements of the simulations could be changed, and the consequences of these changes could be 'thought through' consciously. This enabled alternative motor responses to be evaluated. The paper goes on to predict significant new major transitions in consciousness.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86827592/The_evolution_and_development_of_consciousness_the_subject_object_emergence_hypothesis","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-18T00:26:45.488-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":91194951,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91194951/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Final_published_paper_1_s2.0_S0303264722000752_main.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91194951/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_evolution_and_development_of_conscio.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/91194951/Final_published_paper_1_s2.0_S0303264722000752_main-libre.pdf?1663487677=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_evolution_and_development_of_conscio.pdf\u0026Expires=1732271417\u0026Signature=c6P6gYF2ApRT~RkwVoVKa02IaQF1rmK0AN~8lVsR0zkT0e8aF6qioI88kh~T-KkKEAdsfN2ikF4~M~5nyT8labjrZTnSjX4NQWFCyVJ3JZhe6EUeSZA6Vw8r1OWHwx~qYCKla13Xb~ROKdH-TjOYrd9w5JLLQwI3Frq82wtWsb9PBWuVeCi40Q0DeC4014AtD9eYCNOL3kkLGL4P~4nJ9dFO~-FwmUOXOa6jXTqW4fNJTTKaefnX1py9pBI58l7s0agYwvVW5l1d2OyfIe6TAgFj0p9PGXcmrdTBr57ORqM-WnN66ludEcpNw-KWZhGObZxefERryWj2gkTTwrndIg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_evolution_and_development_of_consciousness_the_subject_object_emergence_hypothesis","translated_slug":"","page_count":16,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":91194951,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91194951/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Final_published_paper_1_s2.0_S0303264722000752_main.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91194951/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_evolution_and_development_of_conscio.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/91194951/Final_published_paper_1_s2.0_S0303264722000752_main-libre.pdf?1663487677=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_evolution_and_development_of_conscio.pdf\u0026Expires=1732271417\u0026Signature=c6P6gYF2ApRT~RkwVoVKa02IaQF1rmK0AN~8lVsR0zkT0e8aF6qioI88kh~T-KkKEAdsfN2ikF4~M~5nyT8labjrZTnSjX4NQWFCyVJ3JZhe6EUeSZA6Vw8r1OWHwx~qYCKla13Xb~ROKdH-TjOYrd9w5JLLQwI3Frq82wtWsb9PBWuVeCi40Q0DeC4014AtD9eYCNOL3kkLGL4P~4nJ9dFO~-FwmUOXOa6jXTqW4fNJTTKaefnX1py9pBI58l7s0agYwvVW5l1d2OyfIe6TAgFj0p9PGXcmrdTBr57ORqM-WnN66ludEcpNw-KWZhGObZxefERryWj2gkTTwrndIg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":236,"name":"Cognitive Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Psychology"},{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science"},{"id":806,"name":"Philosophy of Mind","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind"},{"id":2055,"name":"Consciousness (Psychology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consciousness_Psychology_"},{"id":4583,"name":"Child Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child_Development"},{"id":5768,"name":"Adolescent Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent_Development"},{"id":9040,"name":"Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consciousness"},{"id":20545,"name":"Evolutionary Epistemology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Epistemology"},{"id":40633,"name":"Consciousness Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consciousness_Studies"},{"id":90905,"name":"Phenomenal Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phenomenal_Consciousness"},{"id":111330,"name":"Philosophy of Mind (the hard problem of consciousness)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind_the_hard_problem_of_consciousness_"},{"id":399075,"name":"Philosophy of mind Free will and Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_mind_Free_will_and_Consciousness"},{"id":449151,"name":"Adult Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult_Development"},{"id":559764,"name":"Philsophy of Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philsophy_of_Science"},{"id":983429,"name":"Philosophy of Mind and Artificial Intelligence \u0026 AI","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind_and_Artificial_Intelligence_and_AI"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77829049"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77829049/Evolutionary_Possibilities_Can_a_Society_Be_Constrained_So_That_The_Good_Self_Organizes"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Evolutionary Possibilities: Can a Society Be Constrained So That 'The Good' Self-Organizes" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/85086554/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77829049/Evolutionary_Possibilities_Can_a_Society_Be_Constrained_So_That_The_Good_Self_Organizes">Evolutionary Possibilities: Can a Society Be Constrained So That 'The Good' Self-Organizes</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>World Futures</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Is it possible to constrain a human society in such a way that self-organization will thereafter ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Is it possible to constrain a human society in such a way that self-organization will thereafter tend to produce outcomes that advance the goals of the society? Such a society would be self-organizing in the sense that individuals who pursue only their own interests would none-the-less act in the interests of the society as a whole, irrespective of any intention to do so. This paper identifies the conditions that must be met if such a selforganizing society is to emerge. It demonstrates that the key enabling requirement for a selforganizing society is 'consequence-capture'. Broadly this means that all agents in the society must capture sufficient of the benefits (and harms) that are produced by the impact of their actions on the goals of the society. 'Consequence-capture' can be organized in a society by appropriate management (systems of evolvable constraints) that suppress free riders and support pro-social actions. In human societies these constraints include institutions such as systems of governance and social norms. The paper identifies ways of organizing societies so that effective governance will also self-organize. This will produce a fully self-organizing society in which the interests of all agents (including individuals, associations, firms, multinational corporations, political organizations, institutions and governments) are aligned with the interests of the society as a whole.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="490d810ccdb185b128c6cb8bf4bf037e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":85086554,"asset_id":77829049,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85086554/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77829049"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77829049"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77829049; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77829049]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77829049]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77829049; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77829049']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77829049, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "490d810ccdb185b128c6cb8bf4bf037e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77829049]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77829049,"title":"Evolutionary Possibilities: Can a Society Be Constrained So That 'The Good' Self-Organizes","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1080/02604027.2017.1357985","issue":"1","volume":"74","abstract":"Is it possible to constrain a human society in such a way that self-organization will thereafter tend to produce outcomes that advance the goals of the society? Such a society would be self-organizing in the sense that individuals who pursue only their own interests would none-the-less act in the interests of the society as a whole, irrespective of any intention to do so. This paper identifies the conditions that must be met if such a selforganizing society is to emerge. It demonstrates that the key enabling requirement for a selforganizing society is 'consequence-capture'. Broadly this means that all agents in the society must capture sufficient of the benefits (and harms) that are produced by the impact of their actions on the goals of the society. 'Consequence-capture' can be organized in a society by appropriate management (systems of evolvable constraints) that suppress free riders and support pro-social actions. In human societies these constraints include institutions such as systems of governance and social norms. The paper identifies ways of organizing societies so that effective governance will also self-organize. This will produce a fully self-organizing society in which the interests of all agents (including individuals, associations, firms, multinational corporations, political organizations, institutions and governments) are aligned with the interests of the society as a whole.","page_numbers":"1-35","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"World Futures"},"translated_abstract":"Is it possible to constrain a human society in such a way that self-organization will thereafter tend to produce outcomes that advance the goals of the society? Such a society would be self-organizing in the sense that individuals who pursue only their own interests would none-the-less act in the interests of the society as a whole, irrespective of any intention to do so. This paper identifies the conditions that must be met if such a selforganizing society is to emerge. It demonstrates that the key enabling requirement for a selforganizing society is 'consequence-capture'. Broadly this means that all agents in the society must capture sufficient of the benefits (and harms) that are produced by the impact of their actions on the goals of the society. 'Consequence-capture' can be organized in a society by appropriate management (systems of evolvable constraints) that suppress free riders and support pro-social actions. In human societies these constraints include institutions such as systems of governance and social norms. The paper identifies ways of organizing societies so that effective governance will also self-organize. This will produce a fully self-organizing society in which the interests of all agents (including individuals, associations, firms, multinational corporations, political organizations, institutions and governments) are aligned with the interests of the society as a whole.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77829049/Evolutionary_Possibilities_Can_a_Society_Be_Constrained_So_That_The_Good_Self_Organizes","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-04-27T19:53:03.021-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":85086554,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/85086554/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"SelfOrganizeGoodPrePrint.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85086554/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Evolutionary_Possibilities_Can_a_Society.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/85086554/SelfOrganizeGoodPrePrint-libre.pdf?1651115201=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEvolutionary_Possibilities_Can_a_Society.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=Mv0alkvx2OnA97wdMCviIx8vt-9pBqARzWC1ItJFPmndtRHHQpXg7R8L3o3kI0wOLNx3720garACuD8w0ZHsJV3L2ZmSmOIwQGWVRv3uFTxzAGyUM130t6JDAwvTrGOnNJLufvP9T9cgBbzuOxViI73ApI~MMW8~uryiUKoZSGMQ71kz~-AnZsLvsN72Sfo7fNH4Frkz2ZoTduGWfOcNprfjP9uUtpUnBbTpFzTTz5p1~39mdIlDrKDxFTYyvJLncFCO~dWA2DsasKPVofdzrOYJh6HTZkjY9zd8T~~lkrAa1JVPFOGfw7EVxFHZc3Qg-WKCANbVA90kpfxmTUm-Hw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Evolutionary_Possibilities_Can_a_Society_Be_Constrained_So_That_The_Good_Self_Organizes","translated_slug":"","page_count":35,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":85086554,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/85086554/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"SelfOrganizeGoodPrePrint.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85086554/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Evolutionary_Possibilities_Can_a_Society.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/85086554/SelfOrganizeGoodPrePrint-libre.pdf?1651115201=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEvolutionary_Possibilities_Can_a_Society.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=Mv0alkvx2OnA97wdMCviIx8vt-9pBqARzWC1ItJFPmndtRHHQpXg7R8L3o3kI0wOLNx3720garACuD8w0ZHsJV3L2ZmSmOIwQGWVRv3uFTxzAGyUM130t6JDAwvTrGOnNJLufvP9T9cgBbzuOxViI73ApI~MMW8~uryiUKoZSGMQ71kz~-AnZsLvsN72Sfo7fNH4Frkz2ZoTduGWfOcNprfjP9uUtpUnBbTpFzTTz5p1~39mdIlDrKDxFTYyvJLncFCO~dWA2DsasKPVofdzrOYJh6HTZkjY9zd8T~~lkrAa1JVPFOGfw7EVxFHZc3Qg-WKCANbVA90kpfxmTUm-Hw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":201,"name":"Political Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Sociology"},{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics"},{"id":731,"name":"Evolutionary Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Economics"},{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":802,"name":"Political Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Economy"},{"id":813,"name":"Political Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Philosophy"},{"id":1696,"name":"Political Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theory"},{"id":1701,"name":"Evolutionary algorithms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_algorithms"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science"},{"id":6276,"name":"International Political Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Political_Economy"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":11096,"name":"Cultural Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Evolution"},{"id":24440,"name":"Long Term Evolution (LTE)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Long_Term_Evolution_LTE_"},{"id":33713,"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_and_Human_Behavior"},{"id":53844,"name":"Evolutionary theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_theory"},{"id":1723635,"name":"Public Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Policy"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="40572017"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/40572017/The_Maintenance_of_Sex"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Maintenance of Sex" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/61077379/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/40572017/The_Maintenance_of_Sex">The Maintenance of Sex</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Evolutionary Theory</span><span>, 1993</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Asexual reproduction theoretically has a high (up to two-fold) fitness advantage over sexual repr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Asexual reproduction theoretically has a high (up to two-fold) fitness advantage over sexual reproduction. Yet displacement of sexual populations by asexual clones that arise from them is rare. Previous explanations of this have given only limited consideration to the effects of the environmental changes cause by the growth of the asexual clone itself, with its significantly higher per capita birth rate of females. These changes might initially reduce the adaptedness of both the clone and the sexual population. However, the sexual population has a greater potential than the clone to adapt to the environmental changes, and improve its fitness relative to the clone. The strength of this selection favouring the maintenance of sex should be greater for species that are specialised members of saturated, stable communities. This prediction is consistent with the ecology of sex. Significantly, these processes can account for the maintenance of sex in populations that do not continually encounter selective environmental variety. This contrasts with the main previous ecological explanations which require the perpetual operation of intense selection associated with spatial and/or temporal heterogeneity, even in stable or predictable habitats.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5558d7c8f349480411e5eee16c52cde7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":61077379,"asset_id":40572017,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61077379/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="40572017"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40572017"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40572017; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40572017]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40572017]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40572017; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='40572017']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40572017, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "5558d7c8f349480411e5eee16c52cde7" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=40572017]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":40572017,"title":"The Maintenance of Sex","translated_title":"","metadata":{"issue":"September","volume":"195","abstract":"Asexual reproduction theoretically has a high (up to two-fold) fitness advantage over sexual reproduction. Yet displacement of sexual populations by asexual clones that arise from them is rare. Previous explanations of this have given only limited consideration to the effects of the environmental changes cause by the growth of the asexual clone itself, with its significantly higher per capita birth rate of females. These changes might initially reduce the adaptedness of both the clone and the sexual population. However, the sexual population has a greater potential than the clone to adapt to the environmental changes, and improve its fitness relative to the clone. The strength of this selection favouring the maintenance of sex should be greater for species that are specialised members of saturated, stable communities. This prediction is consistent with the ecology of sex. Significantly, these processes can account for the maintenance of sex in populations that do not continually encounter selective environmental variety. This contrasts with the main previous ecological explanations which require the perpetual operation of intense selection associated with spatial and/or temporal heterogeneity, even in stable or predictable habitats.","page_numbers":"195-202","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1993,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Evolutionary Theory"},"translated_abstract":"Asexual reproduction theoretically has a high (up to two-fold) fitness advantage over sexual reproduction. Yet displacement of sexual populations by asexual clones that arise from them is rare. Previous explanations of this have given only limited consideration to the effects of the environmental changes cause by the growth of the asexual clone itself, with its significantly higher per capita birth rate of females. These changes might initially reduce the adaptedness of both the clone and the sexual population. However, the sexual population has a greater potential than the clone to adapt to the environmental changes, and improve its fitness relative to the clone. The strength of this selection favouring the maintenance of sex should be greater for species that are specialised members of saturated, stable communities. This prediction is consistent with the ecology of sex. Significantly, these processes can account for the maintenance of sex in populations that do not continually encounter selective environmental variety. This contrasts with the main previous ecological explanations which require the perpetual operation of intense selection associated with spatial and/or temporal heterogeneity, even in stable or predictable habitats.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/40572017/The_Maintenance_of_Sex","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2019-10-09T14:49:32.899-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61077379,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/61077379/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Maintenance_of_Sex.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61077379/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Maintenance_of_Sex.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/61077379/Maintenance_of_Sex-libre.pdf?1572515556=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Maintenance_of_Sex.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=UOimdPgr1n~YLBwjYjtjpGnrJVtojyH5gnLPcF5m9nudowGgdJpCu17Z7kL28yPsW4-fh568-8N9UJOIy2WRi-NGj-Rx323WMwLM0cFi1uz9IKSfxB-DRtY7s-prT1hci1kix~XNVtd92--iiZ5hBbEQ3RgcWaLF829T9VfPQXDtM12HaUjyhL91RJsG7fgDC5yy~NmrSdN2SalV-txn6~fxURs7W5K7D1koHt1KbFd2kS9iMxhyjeWsSZbE0YjVjnj6PzwfShuy7cNKA9nxR2DG2-ss277a~n0iB5DTEJG6n6KhCyuzmmMcbnvIsRrsRaYdS2-RadoY2qMhMCNv8Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_Maintenance_of_Sex","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":61077379,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/61077379/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Maintenance_of_Sex.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61077379/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Maintenance_of_Sex.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/61077379/Maintenance_of_Sex-libre.pdf?1572515556=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Maintenance_of_Sex.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=UOimdPgr1n~YLBwjYjtjpGnrJVtojyH5gnLPcF5m9nudowGgdJpCu17Z7kL28yPsW4-fh568-8N9UJOIy2WRi-NGj-Rx323WMwLM0cFi1uz9IKSfxB-DRtY7s-prT1hci1kix~XNVtd92--iiZ5hBbEQ3RgcWaLF829T9VfPQXDtM12HaUjyhL91RJsG7fgDC5yy~NmrSdN2SalV-txn6~fxURs7W5K7D1koHt1KbFd2kS9iMxhyjeWsSZbE0YjVjnj6PzwfShuy7cNKA9nxR2DG2-ss277a~n0iB5DTEJG6n6KhCyuzmmMcbnvIsRrsRaYdS2-RadoY2qMhMCNv8Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology"},{"id":4311,"name":"Evolution of Sexual Reproduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Sexual_Reproduction"},{"id":13815,"name":"Evolution Of Recombination (Sex)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_Of_Recombination_Sex_"},{"id":820563,"name":"Evolution and Maintenace of sex","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_and_Maintenace_of_sex"},{"id":1010684,"name":"Evolution of Sex","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Sex"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39697709"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/39697709/The_Trajectory_of_Evolution_and_Its_Implications_for_Humanity"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Trajectory of Evolution and Its Implications for Humanity" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59868477/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39697709/The_Trajectory_of_Evolution_and_Its_Implications_for_Humanity">The Trajectory of Evolution and Its Implications for Humanity</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>John E stewart</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Does the Big History of life on Earth disclose a trajectory that has been driven by selection? If...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Does the Big History of life on Earth disclose a trajectory that has been driven by selection? If so, will the trajectory continue to apply into the future? This paper argues that such a trajectory exists, and examines some of its key implications. The most important consequence is that humanity can use the trajectory to guide how it evolves and adapts into the future. This is because the trajectory identifies a sequence of adaptations that will be favoured by selection. If humanity intentionally evolves its social systems and psychological capacities so that they follow the trajectory, humanity can avoid negative selection and instead survive and thrive indefinitely into the future. This would enable humanity to make a positive contribution to the future evolution of life in the universe. But it turns out that immediate selection will not drive the evolution of life on Earth further along this trajectory. Instead, intentional action by humanity is necessary. It is as if the evolution of life on any planet is a developmental process that has a very unusual characteristic: evolution will continue to develop successfully beyond a certain point only if it produces a sentient organism that: (i) awakens to the possibility it is embedded in a developing process; (ii) realizes that this developing process will continue successfully only if it chooses to intentionally drive the process forward; and (iii) commits to doing whatever is necessary to achieve this. On this planet, humanity is that sentient organism. The existence of such a key evolutionary role for humanity is capable of providing humanity with meaning and purpose in a larger scheme of things. For individuals who commit to driving the process forward, the nature of the trajectory has immediate consequences for what they should do with their lives, here and now.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d69eab0d9670812e07ddc37df73d412d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59868477,"asset_id":39697709,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59868477/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39697709"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39697709"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39697709; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39697709]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39697709]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39697709; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39697709']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39697709, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d69eab0d9670812e07ddc37df73d412d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39697709]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39697709,"title":"The Trajectory of Evolution and Its Implications for Humanity","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.22339/jbh.v3i3.3380","abstract":"Does the Big History of life on Earth disclose a trajectory that has been driven by selection? If so, will the trajectory continue to apply into the future? This paper argues that such a trajectory exists, and examines some of its key implications. The most important consequence is that humanity can use the trajectory to guide how it evolves and adapts into the future. This is because the trajectory identifies a sequence of adaptations that will be favoured by selection. If humanity intentionally evolves its social systems and psychological capacities so that they follow the trajectory, humanity can avoid negative selection and instead survive and thrive indefinitely into the future. This would enable humanity to make a positive contribution to the future evolution of life in the universe. But it turns out that immediate selection will not drive the evolution of life on Earth further along this trajectory. Instead, intentional action by humanity is necessary. It is as if the evolution of life on any planet is a developmental process that has a very unusual characteristic: evolution will continue to develop successfully beyond a certain point only if it produces a sentient organism that: (i) awakens to the possibility it is embedded in a developing process; (ii) realizes that this developing process will continue successfully only if it chooses to intentionally drive the process forward; and (iii) commits to doing whatever is necessary to achieve this. On this planet, humanity is that sentient organism. The existence of such a key evolutionary role for humanity is capable of providing humanity with meaning and purpose in a larger scheme of things. For individuals who commit to driving the process forward, the nature of the trajectory has immediate consequences for what they should do with their lives, here and now.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"John E stewart"},"translated_abstract":"Does the Big History of life on Earth disclose a trajectory that has been driven by selection? If so, will the trajectory continue to apply into the future? This paper argues that such a trajectory exists, and examines some of its key implications. The most important consequence is that humanity can use the trajectory to guide how it evolves and adapts into the future. This is because the trajectory identifies a sequence of adaptations that will be favoured by selection. If humanity intentionally evolves its social systems and psychological capacities so that they follow the trajectory, humanity can avoid negative selection and instead survive and thrive indefinitely into the future. This would enable humanity to make a positive contribution to the future evolution of life in the universe. But it turns out that immediate selection will not drive the evolution of life on Earth further along this trajectory. Instead, intentional action by humanity is necessary. It is as if the evolution of life on any planet is a developmental process that has a very unusual characteristic: evolution will continue to develop successfully beyond a certain point only if it produces a sentient organism that: (i) awakens to the possibility it is embedded in a developing process; (ii) realizes that this developing process will continue successfully only if it chooses to intentionally drive the process forward; and (iii) commits to doing whatever is necessary to achieve this. On this planet, humanity is that sentient organism. The existence of such a key evolutionary role for humanity is capable of providing humanity with meaning and purpose in a larger scheme of things. For individuals who commit to driving the process forward, the nature of the trajectory has immediate consequences for what they should do with their lives, here and now.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/39697709/The_Trajectory_of_Evolution_and_Its_Implications_for_Humanity","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2019-06-26T00:06:13.691-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":32766808,"work_id":39697709,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":1719943,"co_author_invite_id":6866647,"email":"f***n@gmail.com","affiliation":"Free University of Brussels","display_order":1,"name":"John E Stewart","title":"The Trajectory of Evolution and Its Implications for Humanity"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59868477,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59868477/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Published_paper20190626-79088-1lx2gk9.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59868477/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Trajectory_of_Evolution_and_Its_Impl.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59868477/Published_paper20190626-79088-1lx2gk9-libre.pdf?1561533618=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Trajectory_of_Evolution_and_Its_Impl.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=UJ3Re71TB6kM4WKf0IDQpg3krH7g8kIjhuAfvNMfjuR78S7o~11biNDuuULtAW6QGOKEbB2~BczVE9ikH5SasKiBamvF~ISNnMs7S6-ebUmJqH68Zh38mq~ejTBG2AJvdkuwVYM~cFpvdviSeqtDli26emOF0BckVtsPj6ZXG~Ob-VXKafRxX1XX4E2l3l6IXd6oINhRIcD044eh~rEfLq6letZzIbOB44J199IDsRssmXtEfGTfwhT8HfQ9wz9f0aQsQy9HfDSG5UTDSw7eFPAdL9gn6wJVFO-bqnPkuThJyoxLHZa6MtJaYW1ujMpKjZZeI78tyZjHyoytORr~jg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_Trajectory_of_Evolution_and_Its_Implications_for_Humanity","translated_slug":"","page_count":16,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":59868477,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59868477/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Published_paper20190626-79088-1lx2gk9.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59868477/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Trajectory_of_Evolution_and_Its_Impl.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59868477/Published_paper20190626-79088-1lx2gk9-libre.pdf?1561533618=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Trajectory_of_Evolution_and_Its_Impl.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=UJ3Re71TB6kM4WKf0IDQpg3krH7g8kIjhuAfvNMfjuR78S7o~11biNDuuULtAW6QGOKEbB2~BczVE9ikH5SasKiBamvF~ISNnMs7S6-ebUmJqH68Zh38mq~ejTBG2AJvdkuwVYM~cFpvdviSeqtDli26emOF0BckVtsPj6ZXG~Ob-VXKafRxX1XX4E2l3l6IXd6oINhRIcD044eh~rEfLq6letZzIbOB44J199IDsRssmXtEfGTfwhT8HfQ9wz9f0aQsQy9HfDSG5UTDSw7eFPAdL9gn6wJVFO-bqnPkuThJyoxLHZa6MtJaYW1ujMpKjZZeI78tyZjHyoytORr~jg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology"},{"id":196,"name":"Future Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Future_Studies"},{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":1439,"name":"Globalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Globalization"},{"id":3660,"name":"Global Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Governance"},{"id":6694,"name":"Global Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Studies"},{"id":7610,"name":"Evolutionary Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Anthropology"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":11096,"name":"Cultural Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Evolution"},{"id":13334,"name":"Global History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_History"},{"id":19741,"name":"Big History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Big_History"},{"id":24440,"name":"Long Term Evolution (LTE)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Long_Term_Evolution_LTE_"},{"id":32317,"name":"Futures and Options","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Futures_and_Options"},{"id":33713,"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_and_Human_Behavior"},{"id":36260,"name":"Futures Studies and Foresight","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Futures_Studies_and_Foresight"},{"id":45405,"name":"Global Warming","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Warming"},{"id":46519,"name":"Future","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Future"},{"id":73676,"name":"Cultural Globalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Globalization"},{"id":562371,"name":"Global Economic Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Economic_Governance-1"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="37172343"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/37172343/The_Origins_of_Life_The_Managed_Metabolism_Hypothesis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Origins of Life: The Managed-Metabolism Hypothesis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57227394/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/37172343/The_Origins_of_Life_The_Managed_Metabolism_Hypothesis">The Origins of Life: The Managed-Metabolism Hypothesis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Foundations of Science</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The ‘managed-metabolism’ hypothesis suggests that a ‘cooperation barrier’ must be overcome if sel...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The ‘managed-metabolism’ hypothesis suggests that a ‘cooperation barrier’ must be overcome if self-producing chemical organizations are to undergo the transition from non-life to life. This dynamical barrier prevents un-managed autocatalytic networks of molecular species from individuating into complex, cooperative organizations. The barrier arises because molecular species that could otherwise make significant cooperative contributions to the success of an organization will often not be supported within the organization, and because side reactions and other ‘free-riding’ processes will undermine cooperation. As a result, the barrier seriously impedes the emergence of individuality, complex functionality and the transition to life. This barrier is analogous to the cooperation barrier that also impedes the emergence of complex cooperation at all levels of living organization. As has been shown at other levels of organization, the barrier can be overcome comprehensively by appropriate ‘management’. Management implements a system of evolvable constraints that can overcome the cooperation barrier by ensuring that beneficial co-operators are supported within the organization and by suppressing free-riders. In this way, management can control and manipulate the chemical processes of a collectively autocatalytic organization, producing novel processes that serve the interests of the organization as a whole and that could not arise and persist in an un-managed chemical organization. Management self-organizes because it is able to capture some of the benefits that are produced when its interventions promote cooperation, thereby enhancing productivity. Selection will therefore favour the emergence of managers that take over and manage chemical organizations so as to overcome the cooperation barrier. The managed-metabolism hypothesis demonstrates that if management is to overcome the cooperation barrier comprehensively, its interventions must be digitally coded. In this way, the hypothesis accounts for the two-tiered structure of all living cells in which a digitally-coded genetic apparatus manages an analogically-informed metabolism.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d2ee146ada78fe23e7996591f8aae735" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":57227394,"asset_id":37172343,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57227394/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="37172343"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37172343"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37172343; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37172343]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37172343]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37172343; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='37172343']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37172343, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d2ee146ada78fe23e7996591f8aae735" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=37172343]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":37172343,"title":"The Origins of Life: The Managed-Metabolism Hypothesis","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1007/s10699-018-9563-1","abstract":"The ‘managed-metabolism’ hypothesis suggests that a ‘cooperation barrier’ must be overcome if self-producing chemical organizations are to undergo the transition from non-life to life. This dynamical barrier prevents un-managed autocatalytic networks of molecular species from individuating into complex, cooperative organizations. The barrier arises because molecular species that could otherwise make significant cooperative contributions to the success of an organization will often not be supported within the organization, and because side reactions and other ‘free-riding’ processes will undermine cooperation. As a result, the barrier seriously impedes the emergence of individuality, complex functionality and the transition to life. This barrier is analogous to the cooperation barrier that also impedes the emergence of complex cooperation at all levels of living organization. As has been shown at other levels of organization, the barrier can be overcome comprehensively by appropriate ‘management’. Management implements a system of evolvable constraints that can overcome the cooperation barrier by ensuring that beneficial co-operators are supported within the organization and by suppressing free-riders. In this way, management can control and manipulate the chemical processes of a collectively autocatalytic organization, producing novel processes that serve the interests of the organization as a whole and that could not arise and persist in an un-managed chemical organization. Management self-organizes because it is able to capture some of the benefits that are produced when its interventions promote cooperation, thereby enhancing productivity. Selection will therefore favour the emergence of managers that take over and manage chemical organizations so as to overcome the cooperation barrier. The managed-metabolism hypothesis demonstrates that if management is to overcome the cooperation barrier comprehensively, its interventions must be digitally coded. In this way, the hypothesis accounts for the two-tiered structure of all living cells in which a digitally-coded genetic apparatus manages an analogically-informed metabolism.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Foundations of Science"},"translated_abstract":"The ‘managed-metabolism’ hypothesis suggests that a ‘cooperation barrier’ must be overcome if self-producing chemical organizations are to undergo the transition from non-life to life. This dynamical barrier prevents un-managed autocatalytic networks of molecular species from individuating into complex, cooperative organizations. The barrier arises because molecular species that could otherwise make significant cooperative contributions to the success of an organization will often not be supported within the organization, and because side reactions and other ‘free-riding’ processes will undermine cooperation. As a result, the barrier seriously impedes the emergence of individuality, complex functionality and the transition to life. This barrier is analogous to the cooperation barrier that also impedes the emergence of complex cooperation at all levels of living organization. As has been shown at other levels of organization, the barrier can be overcome comprehensively by appropriate ‘management’. Management implements a system of evolvable constraints that can overcome the cooperation barrier by ensuring that beneficial co-operators are supported within the organization and by suppressing free-riders. In this way, management can control and manipulate the chemical processes of a collectively autocatalytic organization, producing novel processes that serve the interests of the organization as a whole and that could not arise and persist in an un-managed chemical organization. Management self-organizes because it is able to capture some of the benefits that are produced when its interventions promote cooperation, thereby enhancing productivity. Selection will therefore favour the emergence of managers that take over and manage chemical organizations so as to overcome the cooperation barrier. The managed-metabolism hypothesis demonstrates that if management is to overcome the cooperation barrier comprehensively, its interventions must be digitally coded. In this way, the hypothesis accounts for the two-tiered structure of all living cells in which a digitally-coded genetic apparatus manages an analogically-informed metabolism.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37172343/The_Origins_of_Life_The_Managed_Metabolism_Hypothesis","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-08-02T19:02:54.787-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57227394,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57227394/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stewart2018_Article_TheOriginsOfLifeTheManaged-Met.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57227394/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Origins_of_Life_The_Managed_Metaboli.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/57227394/Stewart2018_Article_TheOriginsOfLifeTheManaged-Met-libre.pdf?1534916165=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Origins_of_Life_The_Managed_Metaboli.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=YP-ZC3oNDa29cUuMKP-0LF1IbooL2E4C3CHgmbdbWcEcF5lTdjTujheQo40A-1klHZ9xf71hxjF8~yjb38BkAkOoqFWTYNAT15s6DEyvJoiylj5gg3YtNCepadumnJl4UV1ORUbRgXfusQCkiPKX2EC81uEBdZGxSo-4Mmpnxx8I36CjLvrVrFZXwrMlt~zEX1SlJNPgOidpCnzxs35KH-mxe38WJTiXiS~KfyghhPTshe4Ib-40uUcnQKSGFWcaI2YnC-VC-uox-laphDjHgjeKT4t8GN6yQ~xwaVAmu6tk~opA4PUIZQg7mKQg8DXNr6HUFyADTN489PeyiQ0vRA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_Origins_of_Life_The_Managed_Metabolism_Hypothesis","translated_slug":"","page_count":25,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":57227394,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57227394/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stewart2018_Article_TheOriginsOfLifeTheManaged-Met.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57227394/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Origins_of_Life_The_Managed_Metaboli.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/57227394/Stewart2018_Article_TheOriginsOfLifeTheManaged-Met-libre.pdf?1534916165=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Origins_of_Life_The_Managed_Metaboli.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=YP-ZC3oNDa29cUuMKP-0LF1IbooL2E4C3CHgmbdbWcEcF5lTdjTujheQo40A-1klHZ9xf71hxjF8~yjb38BkAkOoqFWTYNAT15s6DEyvJoiylj5gg3YtNCepadumnJl4UV1ORUbRgXfusQCkiPKX2EC81uEBdZGxSo-4Mmpnxx8I36CjLvrVrFZXwrMlt~zEX1SlJNPgOidpCnzxs35KH-mxe38WJTiXiS~KfyghhPTshe4Ib-40uUcnQKSGFWcaI2YnC-VC-uox-laphDjHgjeKT4t8GN6yQ~xwaVAmu6tk~opA4PUIZQg7mKQg8DXNr6HUFyADTN489PeyiQ0vRA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3701,"name":"RNA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RNA"},{"id":4315,"name":"Origins of Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_of_Life"},{"id":29827,"name":"Abiogenesis-Biogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abiogenesis-Biogenesis"},{"id":137179,"name":"Origin of Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origin_of_Life"},{"id":353527,"name":"Protocells","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protocells"},{"id":1420114,"name":"Reflexively Autocatalytic and Food Generated Sets of Molecules","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reflexively_Autocatalytic_and_Food_Generated_Sets_of_Molecules"}],"urls":[{"id":8557500,"url":"http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10699-018-9563-1"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36214733"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36214733/THE_EVOLUTIONARY_SIGNIFICANCE_OF_SPIRITUAL_DEVELOPMENT"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of THE EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE OF SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56116759/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36214733/THE_EVOLUTIONARY_SIGNIFICANCE_OF_SPIRITUAL_DEVELOPMENT">THE EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE OF SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Adaptability is of central importance to the evolutionary process. It is through adaptation that ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Adaptability is of central importance to the evolutionary process. It is through adaptation that organisms are able to survive in changing environments, become better suited to their existing environment, or expand into new environments. In general, organisms that are more adaptable can be expected to be more successful in evolutionary terms. A major improvement in adaptive ability is a major evolutionary advance. Humans are the most adaptable organism to live on this planet. We use our rapidly improving science and technology to survive and satisfy our adaptive goals in a wide range of environments. Whatever adaptive problem we put our minds to, we can generally find a solution. We have proven far more adaptable than organisms that evolve by gene-based evolution. It took millions of years for genetic evolution to discover how to produce reptiles that fly, while humans developed the technology to achieve this in a few thousand years. The massive adaptive improvements seen in human capacities over recent centuries are significantly greater than could be achieved by genetic evolution over hundreds of millions of years. Whatever our wants, whatever our needs, we are very effective at finding ways to manipulate our environment to achieve them. But we are very poor at achieving things that we do not want. We don't use our creativity to find better ways to achieve things we are not motivated to achieve. In evolutionary terms, this turns out to be the central limitation in human adaptability. Typically, we do not see this as a limitation. It does not prevent us from doing anything that we want to do. It does not stop us from living happy and fulfilled lives. We do not feel restricted because we have no desire to do what we have no desire to do. If we evaluate our adaptability by asking whether it enables us to satisfy our needs and wants, we continue to see ourselves as being highly adaptable. But if we measure our adaptive ability in evolutionary terms, we reach a very different conclusion. What if our continued evolutionary success demands that we adapt in ways that conflict with the satisfaction of our existing needs and wants? What if our existing motivations and needs do not produce the behaviours that are best in evolutionary terms? These sorts of conflicts between our needs and evolution's needs seem highly likely to emerge during our evolutionary future. It is improbable that the needs and wants implanted in us by our evolutionary past will produce the behaviour that is also optimal for our future. This means that our adaptability is seriously limited in evolutionary terms. There is an enormous range of behaviours, life styles and technologies that we would not want given our current needs and motivations. But these might be critically important for achieving evolutionary success in the future. We have a very large evolutionary blind spot. We are not motivated to explore an immense variety of adaptive possibilities, no matter how useful they may be in evolutionary terms. Until we overcome this limitation, we will continue to use genetic engineering, artificial intelligence and other technological advances to satisfy our past evolutionary needs and conditioning, rather than to achieve future evolutionary success.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9ed1453d05f7864692bf86fcf8956073" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":56116759,"asset_id":36214733,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56116759/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36214733"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36214733"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36214733; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36214733]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36214733]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36214733; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='36214733']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36214733, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9ed1453d05f7864692bf86fcf8956073" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=36214733]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":36214733,"title":"THE EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE OF SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Adaptability is of central importance to the evolutionary process. It is through adaptation that organisms are able to survive in changing environments, become better suited to their existing environment, or expand into new environments. In general, organisms that are more adaptable can be expected to be more successful in evolutionary terms. A major improvement in adaptive ability is a major evolutionary advance. Humans are the most adaptable organism to live on this planet. We use our rapidly improving science and technology to survive and satisfy our adaptive goals in a wide range of environments. Whatever adaptive problem we put our minds to, we can generally find a solution. We have proven far more adaptable than organisms that evolve by gene-based evolution. It took millions of years for genetic evolution to discover how to produce reptiles that fly, while humans developed the technology to achieve this in a few thousand years. The massive adaptive improvements seen in human capacities over recent centuries are significantly greater than could be achieved by genetic evolution over hundreds of millions of years. Whatever our wants, whatever our needs, we are very effective at finding ways to manipulate our environment to achieve them. But we are very poor at achieving things that we do not want. We don't use our creativity to find better ways to achieve things we are not motivated to achieve. In evolutionary terms, this turns out to be the central limitation in human adaptability. Typically, we do not see this as a limitation. It does not prevent us from doing anything that we want to do. It does not stop us from living happy and fulfilled lives. We do not feel restricted because we have no desire to do what we have no desire to do. If we evaluate our adaptability by asking whether it enables us to satisfy our needs and wants, we continue to see ourselves as being highly adaptable. But if we measure our adaptive ability in evolutionary terms, we reach a very different conclusion. What if our continued evolutionary success demands that we adapt in ways that conflict with the satisfaction of our existing needs and wants? What if our existing motivations and needs do not produce the behaviours that are best in evolutionary terms? These sorts of conflicts between our needs and evolution's needs seem highly likely to emerge during our evolutionary future. It is improbable that the needs and wants implanted in us by our evolutionary past will produce the behaviour that is also optimal for our future. This means that our adaptability is seriously limited in evolutionary terms. There is an enormous range of behaviours, life styles and technologies that we would not want given our current needs and motivations. But these might be critically important for achieving evolutionary success in the future. We have a very large evolutionary blind spot. We are not motivated to explore an immense variety of adaptive possibilities, no matter how useful they may be in evolutionary terms. Until we overcome this limitation, we will continue to use genetic engineering, artificial intelligence and other technological advances to satisfy our past evolutionary needs and conditioning, rather than to achieve future evolutionary success."},"translated_abstract":"Adaptability is of central importance to the evolutionary process. It is through adaptation that organisms are able to survive in changing environments, become better suited to their existing environment, or expand into new environments. In general, organisms that are more adaptable can be expected to be more successful in evolutionary terms. A major improvement in adaptive ability is a major evolutionary advance. Humans are the most adaptable organism to live on this planet. We use our rapidly improving science and technology to survive and satisfy our adaptive goals in a wide range of environments. Whatever adaptive problem we put our minds to, we can generally find a solution. We have proven far more adaptable than organisms that evolve by gene-based evolution. It took millions of years for genetic evolution to discover how to produce reptiles that fly, while humans developed the technology to achieve this in a few thousand years. The massive adaptive improvements seen in human capacities over recent centuries are significantly greater than could be achieved by genetic evolution over hundreds of millions of years. Whatever our wants, whatever our needs, we are very effective at finding ways to manipulate our environment to achieve them. But we are very poor at achieving things that we do not want. We don't use our creativity to find better ways to achieve things we are not motivated to achieve. In evolutionary terms, this turns out to be the central limitation in human adaptability. Typically, we do not see this as a limitation. It does not prevent us from doing anything that we want to do. It does not stop us from living happy and fulfilled lives. We do not feel restricted because we have no desire to do what we have no desire to do. If we evaluate our adaptability by asking whether it enables us to satisfy our needs and wants, we continue to see ourselves as being highly adaptable. But if we measure our adaptive ability in evolutionary terms, we reach a very different conclusion. What if our continued evolutionary success demands that we adapt in ways that conflict with the satisfaction of our existing needs and wants? What if our existing motivations and needs do not produce the behaviours that are best in evolutionary terms? These sorts of conflicts between our needs and evolution's needs seem highly likely to emerge during our evolutionary future. It is improbable that the needs and wants implanted in us by our evolutionary past will produce the behaviour that is also optimal for our future. This means that our adaptability is seriously limited in evolutionary terms. There is an enormous range of behaviours, life styles and technologies that we would not want given our current needs and motivations. But these might be critically important for achieving evolutionary success in the future. We have a very large evolutionary blind spot. We are not motivated to explore an immense variety of adaptive possibilities, no matter how useful they may be in evolutionary terms. Until we overcome this limitation, we will continue to use genetic engineering, artificial intelligence and other technological advances to satisfy our past evolutionary needs and conditioning, rather than to achieve future evolutionary success.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36214733/THE_EVOLUTIONARY_SIGNIFICANCE_OF_SPIRITUAL_DEVELOPMENT","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-03-20T22:01:52.574-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56116759,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56116759/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Ev_Sig_Spirit_Dev.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56116759/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"THE_EVOLUTIONARY_SIGNIFICANCE_OF_SPIRITU.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56116759/Ev_Sig_Spirit_Dev-libre.pdf?1521608625=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTHE_EVOLUTIONARY_SIGNIFICANCE_OF_SPIRITU.pdf\u0026Expires=1732271417\u0026Signature=aBgphrqAmbd-EpcGXoYBqFvsfKQqOcU6r~NyU-KjRq4eR~hr4L9y1ul9N78rIdPWLv4HhA6QFxLBaDc54R8Kso9eLWrtSpuOld-aWOV0QYjcRxJHxzSNjhqF1YczQsbHACAdCRGlYQR5M3flrackLj8CdRuKgx98mDDCKhdqaLuLwknvzncRFxcw~s6g3XS52oDPgw98gg3GZChpUlMnuuwQElbsG0SpXGqbvtmsnWyw~w9L-6vR3JS0xc1DFCNV9easgaZVDJJnwauzsUt9U7VxApFUCm15R62l5lo64aYFoVRPnTZL7WNRPHfk9ALUnIN3Aa8JqO7Vg9BFdh54Cg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"THE_EVOLUTIONARY_SIGNIFICANCE_OF_SPIRITUAL_DEVELOPMENT","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":56116759,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56116759/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Ev_Sig_Spirit_Dev.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56116759/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"THE_EVOLUTIONARY_SIGNIFICANCE_OF_SPIRITU.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56116759/Ev_Sig_Spirit_Dev-libre.pdf?1521608625=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTHE_EVOLUTIONARY_SIGNIFICANCE_OF_SPIRITU.pdf\u0026Expires=1732271417\u0026Signature=aBgphrqAmbd-EpcGXoYBqFvsfKQqOcU6r~NyU-KjRq4eR~hr4L9y1ul9N78rIdPWLv4HhA6QFxLBaDc54R8Kso9eLWrtSpuOld-aWOV0QYjcRxJHxzSNjhqF1YczQsbHACAdCRGlYQR5M3flrackLj8CdRuKgx98mDDCKhdqaLuLwknvzncRFxcw~s6g3XS52oDPgw98gg3GZChpUlMnuuwQElbsG0SpXGqbvtmsnWyw~w9L-6vR3JS0xc1DFCNV9easgaZVDJJnwauzsUt9U7VxApFUCm15R62l5lo64aYFoVRPnTZL7WNRPHfk9ALUnIN3Aa8JqO7Vg9BFdh54Cg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":255,"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Psychology"},{"id":734,"name":"Human Development Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Development_Theory"},{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":3815,"name":"Spirituality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spirituality"},{"id":7466,"name":"Human Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Development"},{"id":13682,"name":"Adult development and Aging (Psychology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult_development_and_Aging_Psychology_"},{"id":15679,"name":"Adult Development And Aging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult_Development_And_Aging"},{"id":21231,"name":"Spirituality \u0026 Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spirituality_and_Psychology"},{"id":22836,"name":"Spiritual Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spiritual_Intelligence"},{"id":449151,"name":"Adult Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult_Development"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36036144"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36036144/Enlightenment_and_the_Evolution_of_the_Material_World"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Enlightenment and the Evolution of the Material World" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55921706/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36036144/Enlightenment_and_the_Evolution_of_the_Material_World">Enlightenment and the Evolution of the Material World</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">What is the evolutionary significance of enlightenment? To what extent are capacities that are en...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">What is the evolutionary significance of enlightenment? To what extent are capacities that are enabled by enlightenment essential to the evolutionary survival and flourishing of humanity into the future? This article argues that key capacities associated with enlightenment are of critical importance: they can significantly increase the ability of human individuals and societies to adapt and evolve. Two of these capacities are: (i) self-evolution: the ability of an organism or organisation to free itself from the biological and cultural dictates of its evolutionary past so that it can choose to evolve in whatever directions are necessary to benefit its evolutionary future; and (ii) meta-systemic wisdom: the capacity of an organism or organisation to develop mental models of interactions between itself and its complex environment and to use these models to identify actions that will serve its evolutionary future. The development of these two capacities is essential if the living processes that emerge on any planet are to participate successfully in the future evolution of life in the universe. Humanity is rapidly approaching circumstances that are demanding the development of these capacities individually and collectively. Fortunately, the world's religious and spiritual traditions possess much of the knowledge and techniques needed to develop these abilities.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7ee2a4ebb5698656f65d5473074a998d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":55921706,"asset_id":36036144,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55921706/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36036144"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36036144"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36036144; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36036144]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36036144]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36036144; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='36036144']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36036144, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7ee2a4ebb5698656f65d5473074a998d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=36036144]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":36036144,"title":"Enlightenment and the Evolution of the Material World","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"What is the evolutionary significance of enlightenment? To what extent are capacities that are enabled by enlightenment essential to the evolutionary survival and flourishing of humanity into the future? This article argues that key capacities associated with enlightenment are of critical importance: they can significantly increase the ability of human individuals and societies to adapt and evolve. Two of these capacities are: (i) self-evolution: the ability of an organism or organisation to free itself from the biological and cultural dictates of its evolutionary past so that it can choose to evolve in whatever directions are necessary to benefit its evolutionary future; and (ii) meta-systemic wisdom: the capacity of an organism or organisation to develop mental models of interactions between itself and its complex environment and to use these models to identify actions that will serve its evolutionary future. The development of these two capacities is essential if the living processes that emerge on any planet are to participate successfully in the future evolution of life in the universe. Humanity is rapidly approaching circumstances that are demanding the development of these capacities individually and collectively. Fortunately, the world's religious and spiritual traditions possess much of the knowledge and techniques needed to develop these abilities."},"translated_abstract":"What is the evolutionary significance of enlightenment? To what extent are capacities that are enabled by enlightenment essential to the evolutionary survival and flourishing of humanity into the future? This article argues that key capacities associated with enlightenment are of critical importance: they can significantly increase the ability of human individuals and societies to adapt and evolve. Two of these capacities are: (i) self-evolution: the ability of an organism or organisation to free itself from the biological and cultural dictates of its evolutionary past so that it can choose to evolve in whatever directions are necessary to benefit its evolutionary future; and (ii) meta-systemic wisdom: the capacity of an organism or organisation to develop mental models of interactions between itself and its complex environment and to use these models to identify actions that will serve its evolutionary future. The development of these two capacities is essential if the living processes that emerge on any planet are to participate successfully in the future evolution of life in the universe. Humanity is rapidly approaching circumstances that are demanding the development of these capacities individually and collectively. Fortunately, the world's religious and spiritual traditions possess much of the knowledge and techniques needed to develop these abilities.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36036144/Enlightenment_and_the_Evolution_of_the_Material_World","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-02-27T16:21:39.013-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55921706,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55921706/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Spanda_article.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55921706/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Enlightenment_and_the_Evolution_of_the_M.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/55921706/Spanda_article-libre.pdf?1519775060=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEnlightenment_and_the_Evolution_of_the_M.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=Ai7GHFg4Z06lUEB1tWtrQAdAlOUflPYUdttXbKZBQYqc8UK1BSRsA49CjDRRFM8QfuCpeBq3U27MdHOK2h2r2NeVebzHx6vrRGk0v-iP2P4v2MG5nEWYeqjReppTZAnuak-jNCPn5QqBohAKMSvj6aD9akitVOusi~cMoZBt6BedrtP78f3URLjWf-BtpZ7Z8T0wJWcg744N51NhCMCc2ToN-0nDWMdb-Oe-B64cKXirn4a5mYjnzJReUvxvfG9kt7~XsSe0Xzq2Dc2n3f3ihKopMu7UTP3w9hFgoC7GVT2C-~4XdNOFlm0NmT8TVenENpcLM-tYQb6yx1k6XtRffA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Enlightenment_and_the_Evolution_of_the_Material_World","translated_slug":"","page_count":11,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":55921706,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55921706/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Spanda_article.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55921706/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Enlightenment_and_the_Evolution_of_the_M.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/55921706/Spanda_article-libre.pdf?1519775060=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEnlightenment_and_the_Evolution_of_the_M.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=Ai7GHFg4Z06lUEB1tWtrQAdAlOUflPYUdttXbKZBQYqc8UK1BSRsA49CjDRRFM8QfuCpeBq3U27MdHOK2h2r2NeVebzHx6vrRGk0v-iP2P4v2MG5nEWYeqjReppTZAnuak-jNCPn5QqBohAKMSvj6aD9akitVOusi~cMoZBt6BedrtP78f3URLjWf-BtpZ7Z8T0wJWcg744N51NhCMCc2ToN-0nDWMdb-Oe-B64cKXirn4a5mYjnzJReUvxvfG9kt7~XsSe0Xzq2Dc2n3f3ihKopMu7UTP3w9hFgoC7GVT2C-~4XdNOFlm0NmT8TVenENpcLM-tYQb6yx1k6XtRffA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4108,"name":"Yoga Meditation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yoga_Meditation"},{"id":13682,"name":"Adult development and Aging (Psychology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult_development_and_Aging_Psychology_"},{"id":15679,"name":"Adult Development And Aging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult_Development_And_Aging"},{"id":40633,"name":"Consciousness Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consciousness_Studies"},{"id":57275,"name":"Meditation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Meditation"},{"id":87525,"name":"Effects of Meditation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Effects_of_Meditation"},{"id":182867,"name":"Mindfulness Meditation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mindfulness_Meditation"},{"id":300356,"name":"Psychological Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychological_Development"},{"id":1004032,"name":"Development of Consciousness of Self","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Development_of_Consciousness_of_Self"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="35761826"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/35761826/8_31_John_Stewart_reviews_Laske_on_Dialectical_Thinking"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 8/31 – John Stewart reviews Laske on Dialectical Thinking" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55637781/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/35761826/8_31_John_Stewart_reviews_Laske_on_Dialectical_Thinking">8/31 – John Stewart reviews Laske on Dialectical Thinking</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This is a book review of Otto Laske's Primer on Dialectical/Metasystemic thinking. The Review ide...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This is a book review of Otto Laske's Primer on Dialectical/Metasystemic thinking. The Review identifies key limitations of analytical/rational thinking and how these limitations can be overcome by appropriate cognitive scaffolding. This enables more complex thinking which in turn enables the understanding of complex phenomenon that cannot be understood adequately by analytical/rational thought.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="579323ab1435f5edf5ab82bbdf6f6060" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":55637781,"asset_id":35761826,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55637781/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="35761826"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35761826"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35761826; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35761826]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35761826]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35761826; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='35761826']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35761826, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "579323ab1435f5edf5ab82bbdf6f6060" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=35761826]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":35761826,"title":"8/31 – John Stewart reviews Laske on Dialectical Thinking","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This is a book review of Otto Laske's Primer on Dialectical/Metasystemic thinking. The Review identifies key limitations of analytical/rational thinking and how these limitations can be overcome by appropriate cognitive scaffolding. This enables more complex thinking which in turn enables the understanding of complex phenomenon that cannot be understood adequately by analytical/rational thought."},"translated_abstract":"This is a book review of Otto Laske's Primer on Dialectical/Metasystemic thinking. The Review identifies key limitations of analytical/rational thinking and how these limitations can be overcome by appropriate cognitive scaffolding. This enables more complex thinking which in turn enables the understanding of complex phenomenon that cannot be understood adequately by analytical/rational thought.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35761826/8_31_John_Stewart_reviews_Laske_on_Dialectical_Thinking","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-01-25T21:34:55.262-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55637781,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55637781/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Review_of_Primer.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55637781/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"8_31_John_Stewart_reviews_Laske_on_Diale.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/55637781/Review_of_Primer-libre.pdf?1516945272=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D8_31_John_Stewart_reviews_Laske_on_Diale.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=FkaCKoJhdvUY-KY72S6YquuRtFrR9uidzvpNIl-hxEHCGLYCHGtGGprm8~CioY-o3mXW5nFp6tNmbTtyQC3box16zP-Bxp8WSh0oN51Z3djqwuyQdGhlua6dttqLmNsqtmDryR3OC7DMEfGIhPv6dsssvexYhI8sgcdDkYDG3ZiPyXa8-F8Cm-5mfrYNn4FR3pro6MzWiCTqrlsL2-A90emUlKuOv1uiwXiZBo5gJ0siprgtN9-cBVxDEbKC1BkbY7mdKMFm3UXtPs8mxWJ5ZrWpcBwQtf6kDYX3H2ez7BeajjgNJiGJb15BgezZk11Oc4IGdBG5WWuls8HtVKbe8A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"8_31_John_Stewart_reviews_Laske_on_Dialectical_Thinking","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":55637781,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55637781/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Review_of_Primer.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55637781/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"8_31_John_Stewart_reviews_Laske_on_Diale.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/55637781/Review_of_Primer-libre.pdf?1516945272=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D8_31_John_Stewart_reviews_Laske_on_Diale.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=FkaCKoJhdvUY-KY72S6YquuRtFrR9uidzvpNIl-hxEHCGLYCHGtGGprm8~CioY-o3mXW5nFp6tNmbTtyQC3box16zP-Bxp8WSh0oN51Z3djqwuyQdGhlua6dttqLmNsqtmDryR3OC7DMEfGIhPv6dsssvexYhI8sgcdDkYDG3ZiPyXa8-F8Cm-5mfrYNn4FR3pro6MzWiCTqrlsL2-A90emUlKuOv1uiwXiZBo5gJ0siprgtN9-cBVxDEbKC1BkbY7mdKMFm3UXtPs8mxWJ5ZrWpcBwQtf6kDYX3H2ez7BeajjgNJiGJb15BgezZk11Oc4IGdBG5WWuls8HtVKbe8A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science"},{"id":2971,"name":"Cognitive development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_development"},{"id":4212,"name":"Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognition"},{"id":7466,"name":"Human Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Development"},{"id":15154,"name":"Evolution of Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Cognition"},{"id":17607,"name":"Evolution of Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Consciousness"},{"id":23507,"name":"Adult learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult_learning"},{"id":449151,"name":"Adult Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult_Development"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="35105046"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/35105046/THE_FUTURE_EVOLUTION_OF_CONSCIOUSNESS"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54966577/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/35105046/THE_FUTURE_EVOLUTION_OF_CONSCIOUSNESS">THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">What potential exists for improvements in the functioning of consciousness? The paper addresses t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">What potential exists for improvements in the functioning of consciousness? The paper addresses this issue using global workspace theory. According to this model, the prime function of consciousness is to develop novel adaptive responses. Consciousness does this by putting together new combinations of knowledge, skills and other disparate resources that are recruited from throughout the brain. The paper's search for potential improvements in the functioning of consciousness draws on studies of the shift during human development from the use of implicit knowledge to the use of explicit (declarative) knowledge. These studies show that the ability of consciousness to adapt a particular domain improves significantly as the transition to the use of declarative knowledge occurs in that domain. However, this potential for consciousness to enhance adaptability has not yet been realised to any extent in relation to consciousness itself. The paper assesses the potential for adaptability to be improved by the conscious adaptation of key processes that constitute consciousness. A number of sources (including the practices of religious and contemplative traditions) are drawn on to investigate how this potential might be realised.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d221074efdaaa03b0da6f60f1b7250d0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54966577,"asset_id":35105046,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54966577/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="35105046"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35105046"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35105046; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35105046]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35105046]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35105046; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='35105046']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35105046, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d221074efdaaa03b0da6f60f1b7250d0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=35105046]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":35105046,"title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"What potential exists for improvements in the functioning of consciousness? The paper addresses this issue using global workspace theory. According to this model, the prime function of consciousness is to develop novel adaptive responses. Consciousness does this by putting together new combinations of knowledge, skills and other disparate resources that are recruited from throughout the brain. The paper's search for potential improvements in the functioning of consciousness draws on studies of the shift during human development from the use of implicit knowledge to the use of explicit (declarative) knowledge. These studies show that the ability of consciousness to adapt a particular domain improves significantly as the transition to the use of declarative knowledge occurs in that domain. However, this potential for consciousness to enhance adaptability has not yet been realised to any extent in relation to consciousness itself. The paper assesses the potential for adaptability to be improved by the conscious adaptation of key processes that constitute consciousness. A number of sources (including the practices of religious and contemplative traditions) are drawn on to investigate how this potential might be realised."},"translated_abstract":"What potential exists for improvements in the functioning of consciousness? The paper addresses this issue using global workspace theory. According to this model, the prime function of consciousness is to develop novel adaptive responses. Consciousness does this by putting together new combinations of knowledge, skills and other disparate resources that are recruited from throughout the brain. The paper's search for potential improvements in the functioning of consciousness draws on studies of the shift during human development from the use of implicit knowledge to the use of explicit (declarative) knowledge. These studies show that the ability of consciousness to adapt a particular domain improves significantly as the transition to the use of declarative knowledge occurs in that domain. However, this potential for consciousness to enhance adaptability has not yet been realised to any extent in relation to consciousness itself. The paper assesses the potential for adaptability to be improved by the conscious adaptation of key processes that constitute consciousness. A number of sources (including the practices of religious and contemplative traditions) are drawn on to investigate how this potential might be realised.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35105046/THE_FUTURE_EVOLUTION_OF_CONSCIOUSNESS","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-11-10T00:56:39.092-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30606235,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":843192,"email":"j***t@utc.fr","display_order":2,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606236,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4535963,"email":"j***2@dera.gov.uk","display_order":3,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606237,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4535964,"email":"j***t@damtp.cam.ac.uk","display_order":4,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606238,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4535965,"email":"j***t@lanl.gov","display_order":5,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606239,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":5741666,"email":"j***t@muhc.mcgill.ca","display_order":6,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606240,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2930395,"email":"j***t@uchsc.edu","display_order":7,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606241,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":27998299,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***t@dpi.nsw.gov.au","display_order":8,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606242,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2930396,"email":"j***t@sci.monash.edu.au","display_order":9,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606243,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":33089699,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***t@bournemouth.ac.uk","affiliation":"Bournemouth University","display_order":10,"name":"John R. Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606244,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2807398,"email":"s***t@uchsc.edu","display_order":11,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606245,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2807401,"email":"j***t@qub.ac.uk","display_order":12,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606246,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":23230576,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"g***n@gmail.com","display_order":13,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606247,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":1868596,"email":"j***t@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":14,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606248,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":48183865,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***r@wakehealth.edu","display_order":15,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54966577,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54966577/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"JCS.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54966577/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"THE_FUTURE_EVOLUTION_OF_CONSCIOUSNESS.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54966577/JCS-libre.pdf?1510314639=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTHE_FUTURE_EVOLUTION_OF_CONSCIOUSNESS.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=Ymi~fStrYDn54oddMyTzD~4h8GNocwNNN3QYazSdSNaBWl8xJZMtaF7lm9buCWTknCW1hbVU9BBEf3K2zUyM4Mswk3PPJWnwXin5Af6TjKiOWK7LcIffhveqmQyt2FJ92jIbjHqmoj-x8-bzbaPFBYJI6Dk1qnHgdz~ewAKQwrNIxZR9L1AOoczZV98PlNXhAogu28~S-Ssr8GdcVitKnuvN0DjprwhIEW87~7HiYMFC59JO7NdT5T1lRxKVvJgZp~HONjuTTa1QN9ArGhfGKG4PLr8dfNfaPsyEWnTOTVyHG~FSyw-PCJo3BYp0KhzlacxOMTow009WpurzWf6LxQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"THE_FUTURE_EVOLUTION_OF_CONSCIOUSNESS","translated_slug":"","page_count":24,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":54966577,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54966577/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"JCS.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54966577/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"THE_FUTURE_EVOLUTION_OF_CONSCIOUSNESS.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54966577/JCS-libre.pdf?1510314639=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTHE_FUTURE_EVOLUTION_OF_CONSCIOUSNESS.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=Ymi~fStrYDn54oddMyTzD~4h8GNocwNNN3QYazSdSNaBWl8xJZMtaF7lm9buCWTknCW1hbVU9BBEf3K2zUyM4Mswk3PPJWnwXin5Af6TjKiOWK7LcIffhveqmQyt2FJ92jIbjHqmoj-x8-bzbaPFBYJI6Dk1qnHgdz~ewAKQwrNIxZR9L1AOoczZV98PlNXhAogu28~S-Ssr8GdcVitKnuvN0DjprwhIEW87~7HiYMFC59JO7NdT5T1lRxKVvJgZp~HONjuTTa1QN9ArGhfGKG4PLr8dfNfaPsyEWnTOTVyHG~FSyw-PCJo3BYp0KhzlacxOMTow009WpurzWf6LxQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":255,"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Psychology"},{"id":2055,"name":"Consciousness (Psychology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consciousness_Psychology_"},{"id":3498,"name":"Consciousness (Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consciousness_Anthropology_"},{"id":8779,"name":"Self Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_Consciousness"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":15679,"name":"Adult Development And Aging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult_Development_And_Aging"},{"id":17607,"name":"Evolution of Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Consciousness"},{"id":40633,"name":"Consciousness Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consciousness_Studies"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34722492"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34722492/Evolutionary_Progress"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Evolutionary Progress" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54579440/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34722492/Evolutionary_Progress">Evolutionary Progress</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This article identifies evolutionary processes which produce progressive change, outlines the seq...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This article identifies evolutionary processes which produce progressive change, outlines the sequences of events in the evolution of life on Earth which have resulted from these processes, and predicts key future developments in the evolution of life. Progressive evolution is driven by the potential benefits of cooperation among living processes. These benefits are able to be exploited by the formation of hierarchical organizations in which managing entities with the ability to control other entities support co-operators and suppress cheaters. Examples of hierarchical organizations of this type include early cells in which RNA manages molecular processes, and modern nation states in which governments manage human organization. However, the formation of hierarchical organizations will not fully realize the potential benefits of cooperation, and will not end the progressive evolution which is driven by this potential: it is only within these organizations that cooperation can be comprehensively exploited. The widely recognized impediments to the evolution of cooperation will continue to apply to interactions between organizations. The potential benefits of cooperation between organizations will therefore drive the formation of higher level organizations. The continued repetition of this process will progressively extend cooperative organization across greater scales of space and time.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="06fb73012ca691231ec9826b4ba761ca" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54579440,"asset_id":34722492,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54579440/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34722492"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34722492"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34722492; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34722492]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34722492]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34722492; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34722492']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34722492, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "06fb73012ca691231ec9826b4ba761ca" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34722492]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34722492,"title":"Evolutionary Progress","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This article identifies evolutionary processes which produce progressive change, outlines the sequences of events in the evolution of life on Earth which have resulted from these processes, and predicts key future developments in the evolution of life. Progressive evolution is driven by the potential benefits of cooperation among living processes. These benefits are able to be exploited by the formation of hierarchical organizations in which managing entities with the ability to control other entities support co-operators and suppress cheaters. Examples of hierarchical organizations of this type include early cells in which RNA manages molecular processes, and modern nation states in which governments manage human organization. However, the formation of hierarchical organizations will not fully realize the potential benefits of cooperation, and will not end the progressive evolution which is driven by this potential: it is only within these organizations that cooperation can be comprehensively exploited. The widely recognized impediments to the evolution of cooperation will continue to apply to interactions between organizations. The potential benefits of cooperation between organizations will therefore drive the formation of higher level organizations. The continued repetition of this process will progressively extend cooperative organization across greater scales of space and time."},"translated_abstract":"This article identifies evolutionary processes which produce progressive change, outlines the sequences of events in the evolution of life on Earth which have resulted from these processes, and predicts key future developments in the evolution of life. Progressive evolution is driven by the potential benefits of cooperation among living processes. These benefits are able to be exploited by the formation of hierarchical organizations in which managing entities with the ability to control other entities support co-operators and suppress cheaters. Examples of hierarchical organizations of this type include early cells in which RNA manages molecular processes, and modern nation states in which governments manage human organization. However, the formation of hierarchical organizations will not fully realize the potential benefits of cooperation, and will not end the progressive evolution which is driven by this potential: it is only within these organizations that cooperation can be comprehensively exploited. The widely recognized impediments to the evolution of cooperation will continue to apply to interactions between organizations. The potential benefits of cooperation between organizations will therefore drive the formation of higher level organizations. The continued repetition of this process will progressively extend cooperative organization across greater scales of space and time.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34722492/Evolutionary_Progress","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-09-29T19:44:19.670-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54579440,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54579440/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"EvProgress.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54579440/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Evolutionary_Progress.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54579440/EvProgress-libre.pdf?1506740488=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEvolutionary_Progress.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=HifQqrOcD0LJgEzoa1aCavH8wqU8AKLR4Pe7eXXJD0PipvDNmCMbur-syUC~2J64UJ~ZiQV7hRUUVHglAE24XSEo7tadTl4q3krEikUnjUea1rOYyXkyiWsYI4YsJM7F18QsfeoIDoMZJJWQIqFk9BRZumldqayQ5rpvHYCqqqV6C9LTnQHUuQv-s12FlJSrH9GYEwPNqVigUVIhV46GTeCFmhCXnLVJ84wbsn37AHawZX2J55jtmYJCNBeTYFNqqTyFAD~-gnGHfZatvn0A~mHJzkB7a91bNf2ql6QDFBa~6Eo2vLOkl8~YZMyUWFJ-fayXsEVcMDpB9FhXucImhA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Evolutionary_Progress","translated_slug":"","page_count":27,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":54579440,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54579440/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"EvProgress.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54579440/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Evolutionary_Progress.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54579440/EvProgress-libre.pdf?1506740488=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEvolutionary_Progress.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=HifQqrOcD0LJgEzoa1aCavH8wqU8AKLR4Pe7eXXJD0PipvDNmCMbur-syUC~2J64UJ~ZiQV7hRUUVHglAE24XSEo7tadTl4q3krEikUnjUea1rOYyXkyiWsYI4YsJM7F18QsfeoIDoMZJJWQIqFk9BRZumldqayQ5rpvHYCqqqV6C9LTnQHUuQv-s12FlJSrH9GYEwPNqVigUVIhV46GTeCFmhCXnLVJ84wbsn37AHawZX2J55jtmYJCNBeTYFNqqTyFAD~-gnGHfZatvn0A~mHJzkB7a91bNf2ql6QDFBa~6Eo2vLOkl8~YZMyUWFJ-fayXsEVcMDpB9FhXucImhA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology"},{"id":255,"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Psychology"},{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":4315,"name":"Origins of Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_of_Life"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":11096,"name":"Cultural Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Evolution"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34722479"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34722479/FUTURE_PSYCHOLOGICAL_EVOLUTION"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of FUTURE PSYCHOLOGICAL EVOLUTION" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54579424/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34722479/FUTURE_PSYCHOLOGICAL_EVOLUTION">FUTURE PSYCHOLOGICAL EVOLUTION</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This paper addresses a fundamental limitation that restricts most attempts to apply the findings ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This paper addresses a fundamental limitation that restricts most attempts to apply the findings of evolutionary psychology to the human condition. Most attempts focus on how our biological past constrains and limits our behavioural options (including our cognitive abilities). They generally fail to look at whether these constraints can be overcome in our future evolution. To date, evolutionary psychology has not satisfactorily addressed a key question: are we beings that are forever constrained by our biological past, or can we acquire new psychological software that will enable us to become self-evolving organisms-beings that are able to adapt in whatever ways are necessary for future evolutionary success, largely unfettered by our biological and social past? This paper is directed squarely at answering this issue. The answer to this issue is highly relevant to the nature/nurture debate. This debate will eventually dissolve if humans are capable of acquiring psychological skills that enable them to modify and overcome both their genetic and cultural behavioural predispositions. For individuals who acquire these skills, neither nature nor nurture will control their behaviour and cognition. In my view, a comprehensive approach to psychological evolution will not be restricted to examining only our biological past. It cannot ignore the fact that we are evolutionary work-in-progress. It must also look at our present and future psychological evolution. Only when it does so will evolutionary psychology fully qualify as scientific by being predictive in the widest sense. The paper builds on a number of the ideas on psychological evolution presented in Chapters 8 to 12 inclusive of my book "Evolution's Arrow" which is at ABSTRACT: Humans are able to construct mental representations and models of possible interactions with their environment. They can use these mental models to identify actions that will enable them to achieve their adaptive goals. But humans do not use this capacity to identify and implement the actions that would contribute most to the evolutionary success of humanity. In general, humans do not find motivation or satisfaction in doing so, no matter how effective the actions might be in evolutionary terms. From an evolutionary perspective, this is a significant limitation in the psychological adaptability of humans. This paper sets out to identify the new psychological capacity that would be needed to overcome this limitation and how the new capacity might be acquired.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="dd2ab26e21009e21477e90d058111491" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54579424,"asset_id":34722479,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54579424/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34722479"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34722479"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34722479; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34722479]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34722479]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34722479; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34722479']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34722479, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "dd2ab26e21009e21477e90d058111491" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34722479]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34722479,"title":"FUTURE PSYCHOLOGICAL EVOLUTION","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This paper addresses a fundamental limitation that restricts most attempts to apply the findings of evolutionary psychology to the human condition. Most attempts focus on how our biological past constrains and limits our behavioural options (including our cognitive abilities). They generally fail to look at whether these constraints can be overcome in our future evolution. To date, evolutionary psychology has not satisfactorily addressed a key question: are we beings that are forever constrained by our biological past, or can we acquire new psychological software that will enable us to become self-evolving organisms-beings that are able to adapt in whatever ways are necessary for future evolutionary success, largely unfettered by our biological and social past? This paper is directed squarely at answering this issue. The answer to this issue is highly relevant to the nature/nurture debate. This debate will eventually dissolve if humans are capable of acquiring psychological skills that enable them to modify and overcome both their genetic and cultural behavioural predispositions. For individuals who acquire these skills, neither nature nor nurture will control their behaviour and cognition. In my view, a comprehensive approach to psychological evolution will not be restricted to examining only our biological past. It cannot ignore the fact that we are evolutionary work-in-progress. It must also look at our present and future psychological evolution. Only when it does so will evolutionary psychology fully qualify as scientific by being predictive in the widest sense. The paper builds on a number of the ideas on psychological evolution presented in Chapters 8 to 12 inclusive of my book \"Evolution's Arrow\" which is at ABSTRACT: Humans are able to construct mental representations and models of possible interactions with their environment. They can use these mental models to identify actions that will enable them to achieve their adaptive goals. But humans do not use this capacity to identify and implement the actions that would contribute most to the evolutionary success of humanity. In general, humans do not find motivation or satisfaction in doing so, no matter how effective the actions might be in evolutionary terms. From an evolutionary perspective, this is a significant limitation in the psychological adaptability of humans. This paper sets out to identify the new psychological capacity that would be needed to overcome this limitation and how the new capacity might be acquired."},"translated_abstract":"This paper addresses a fundamental limitation that restricts most attempts to apply the findings of evolutionary psychology to the human condition. Most attempts focus on how our biological past constrains and limits our behavioural options (including our cognitive abilities). They generally fail to look at whether these constraints can be overcome in our future evolution. To date, evolutionary psychology has not satisfactorily addressed a key question: are we beings that are forever constrained by our biological past, or can we acquire new psychological software that will enable us to become self-evolving organisms-beings that are able to adapt in whatever ways are necessary for future evolutionary success, largely unfettered by our biological and social past? This paper is directed squarely at answering this issue. The answer to this issue is highly relevant to the nature/nurture debate. This debate will eventually dissolve if humans are capable of acquiring psychological skills that enable them to modify and overcome both their genetic and cultural behavioural predispositions. For individuals who acquire these skills, neither nature nor nurture will control their behaviour and cognition. In my view, a comprehensive approach to psychological evolution will not be restricted to examining only our biological past. It cannot ignore the fact that we are evolutionary work-in-progress. It must also look at our present and future psychological evolution. Only when it does so will evolutionary psychology fully qualify as scientific by being predictive in the widest sense. The paper builds on a number of the ideas on psychological evolution presented in Chapters 8 to 12 inclusive of my book \"Evolution's Arrow\" which is at ABSTRACT: Humans are able to construct mental representations and models of possible interactions with their environment. They can use these mental models to identify actions that will enable them to achieve their adaptive goals. But humans do not use this capacity to identify and implement the actions that would contribute most to the evolutionary success of humanity. In general, humans do not find motivation or satisfaction in doing so, no matter how effective the actions might be in evolutionary terms. From an evolutionary perspective, this is a significant limitation in the psychological adaptability of humans. This paper sets out to identify the new psychological capacity that would be needed to overcome this limitation and how the new capacity might be acquired.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34722479/FUTURE_PSYCHOLOGICAL_EVOLUTION","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-09-29T19:39:16.089-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54579424,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54579424/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"FutPsychEv.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54579424/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"FUTURE_PSYCHOLOGICAL_EVOLUTION.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54579424/FutPsychEv-libre.pdf?1506739373=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFUTURE_PSYCHOLOGICAL_EVOLUTION.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=RuFXGSH-kgF-kneIHP99xTp-SBqoeHqKmrYSGgbcT2~wIt65987hez4m6pZ2Tv7BDgNFHIzdsrzKwhR9ntYJ9Ta~zALN2Q-e0xfg~mZto9c63CPvNfSeEWCrA7rjmlsZdSLDelVBeozEXJKQozQhnWzRNsB1irbjlgGn64YHr-4ZXETEZiN4ZA1L1p7A9G4uMl8PoZXleL1QCw4Nb-lY3yed-Sn9Ry~tRKz97OBFfl-YUF6VJiMeNRJuq58FzwYJ7XPjEv0K1HFbiVH05i3LotytQjZFViWUBhQ9QJFxc3azce0PJ4SgzOvHmdUcT9llMU4SssMIWY42JE~kf-odcw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"FUTURE_PSYCHOLOGICAL_EVOLUTION","translated_slug":"","page_count":16,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":54579424,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54579424/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"FutPsychEv.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54579424/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"FUTURE_PSYCHOLOGICAL_EVOLUTION.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54579424/FutPsychEv-libre.pdf?1506739373=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFUTURE_PSYCHOLOGICAL_EVOLUTION.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=RuFXGSH-kgF-kneIHP99xTp-SBqoeHqKmrYSGgbcT2~wIt65987hez4m6pZ2Tv7BDgNFHIzdsrzKwhR9ntYJ9Ta~zALN2Q-e0xfg~mZto9c63CPvNfSeEWCrA7rjmlsZdSLDelVBeozEXJKQozQhnWzRNsB1irbjlgGn64YHr-4ZXETEZiN4ZA1L1p7A9G4uMl8PoZXleL1QCw4Nb-lY3yed-Sn9Ry~tRKz97OBFfl-YUF6VJiMeNRJuq58FzwYJ7XPjEv0K1HFbiVH05i3LotytQjZFViWUBhQ9QJFxc3azce0PJ4SgzOvHmdUcT9llMU4SssMIWY42JE~kf-odcw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":255,"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Psychology"},{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":7610,"name":"Evolutionary Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Anthropology"},{"id":8779,"name":"Self Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_Consciousness"},{"id":9354,"name":"Psychological Empowerment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychological_Empowerment"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":21692,"name":"Anthropology of Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology_of_Consciousness"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="7332704"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/7332704/The_direction_of_evolution_The_rise_of_cooperative_organization"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The direction of evolution: The rise of cooperative organization" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/33936577/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/7332704/The_direction_of_evolution_The_rise_of_cooperative_organization">The direction of evolution: The rise of cooperative organization</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Two great trends are evident in the evolution of life on Earth: towards increasing diversificatio...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Two great trends are evident in the evolution of life on Earth: towards increasing diversification and towards increasing integration. Diversification has spread living processes across the planet, progressively increasing the range of environments and free energy sources exploited by life. Integration has proceeded through a stepwise process in which living entities at one level are integrated into cooperative groups that become larger-scale entities at the next level, and so on, producing cooperative organizations of increasing scale (for example, cooperative groups of simple cells gave rise to the more complex eukaryote cells, groups of these gave rise to multi-cellular organisms, and cooperative groups of these organisms produced animal societies). The trend towards increasing integration has continued during human evolution with the progressive increase in the scale of human groups and societies. The trends towards increasing diversification and integration are both driven by selection. An understanding of the trajectory and causal drivers of the trends suggests that they are likely to culminate in the emergence of a global entity. This entity would emerge from the integration of the living processes, matter, energy and technology of the planet into a global cooperative organization. Such an integration of the results of previous diversifications would enable the global entity to exploit the widest possible range of resources across the varied circumstances of the planet. This paper demonstrates that it's case for directionality meets the tests and criticisms that have proven fatal to previous claims for directionality in evolution.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3e49b78facf57bc7e9df28ef9eced6c0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":33936577,"asset_id":7332704,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33936577/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="7332704"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7332704"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7332704; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7332704]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7332704]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7332704; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='7332704']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7332704, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3e49b78facf57bc7e9df28ef9eced6c0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=7332704]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":7332704,"title":"The direction of evolution: The rise of cooperative organization","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Two great trends are evident in the evolution of life on Earth: towards increasing diversification and towards increasing integration. Diversification has spread living processes across the planet, progressively increasing the range of environments and free energy sources exploited by life. Integration has proceeded through a stepwise process in which living entities at one level are integrated into cooperative groups that become larger-scale entities at the next level, and so on, producing cooperative organizations of increasing scale (for example, cooperative groups of simple cells gave rise to the more complex eukaryote cells, groups of these gave rise to multi-cellular organisms, and cooperative groups of these organisms produced animal societies). The trend towards increasing integration has continued during human evolution with the progressive increase in the scale of human groups and societies. The trends towards increasing diversification and integration are both driven by selection. An understanding of the trajectory and causal drivers of the trends suggests that they are likely to culminate in the emergence of a global entity. This entity would emerge from the integration of the living processes, matter, energy and technology of the planet into a global cooperative organization. Such an integration of the results of previous diversifications would enable the global entity to exploit the widest possible range of resources across the varied circumstances of the planet. This paper demonstrates that it's case for directionality meets the tests and criticisms that have proven fatal to previous claims for directionality in evolution."},"translated_abstract":"Two great trends are evident in the evolution of life on Earth: towards increasing diversification and towards increasing integration. Diversification has spread living processes across the planet, progressively increasing the range of environments and free energy sources exploited by life. Integration has proceeded through a stepwise process in which living entities at one level are integrated into cooperative groups that become larger-scale entities at the next level, and so on, producing cooperative organizations of increasing scale (for example, cooperative groups of simple cells gave rise to the more complex eukaryote cells, groups of these gave rise to multi-cellular organisms, and cooperative groups of these organisms produced animal societies). The trend towards increasing integration has continued during human evolution with the progressive increase in the scale of human groups and societies. The trends towards increasing diversification and integration are both driven by selection. An understanding of the trajectory and causal drivers of the trends suggests that they are likely to culminate in the emergence of a global entity. This entity would emerge from the integration of the living processes, matter, energy and technology of the planet into a global cooperative organization. Such an integration of the results of previous diversifications would enable the global entity to exploit the widest possible range of resources across the varied circumstances of the planet. This paper demonstrates that it's case for directionality meets the tests and criticisms that have proven fatal to previous claims for directionality in evolution.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/7332704/The_direction_of_evolution_The_rise_of_cooperative_organization","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2014-06-12T20:26:59.778-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33936577,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/33936577/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"1-s2.0-S030326471400080X-main.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33936577/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_direction_of_evolution_The_rise_of_c.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/33936577/1-s2.0-S030326471400080X-main-libre.pdf?1402632819=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_direction_of_evolution_The_rise_of_c.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=Cx6qi2q3KX0y7D-GjBz3YyprclUe693n1cSEcmvgNYbKWCdeitKnc98-bgv1cpx2nW6u-CV-TWyhVe2IdrKddw6O4ItdROqITjMlHbsEUDRCTO7yIu7OqOSSX-hH3IH--1sDv2Z5X~gHJN4Fb0tpwoFFTzjSrb89hmbEkRyya02PWi90FPE6PMbIykNrET~K8HQr3xZD5pwsMMgfjKdn-XUdJkEdLVCAkt9j-tW7gulATy2ssgryu99mUTVDBOOmxlzNXvbCLyzWNygHDMe3lHvVszZbm9e9rnXc6ryZZpJRFHSMaFiYkCmXQNdTgbfNJP4WBK3MM4y-rRSDxyY3Vw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_direction_of_evolution_The_rise_of_cooperative_organization","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":33936577,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/33936577/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"1-s2.0-S030326471400080X-main.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33936577/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_direction_of_evolution_The_rise_of_c.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/33936577/1-s2.0-S030326471400080X-main-libre.pdf?1402632819=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_direction_of_evolution_The_rise_of_c.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=Cx6qi2q3KX0y7D-GjBz3YyprclUe693n1cSEcmvgNYbKWCdeitKnc98-bgv1cpx2nW6u-CV-TWyhVe2IdrKddw6O4ItdROqITjMlHbsEUDRCTO7yIu7OqOSSX-hH3IH--1sDv2Z5X~gHJN4Fb0tpwoFFTzjSrb89hmbEkRyya02PWi90FPE6PMbIykNrET~K8HQr3xZD5pwsMMgfjKdn-XUdJkEdLVCAkt9j-tW7gulATy2ssgryu99mUTVDBOOmxlzNXvbCLyzWNygHDMe3lHvVszZbm9e9rnXc6ryZZpJRFHSMaFiYkCmXQNdTgbfNJP4WBK3MM4y-rRSDxyY3Vw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology"},{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":851,"name":"Complex Systems Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complex_Systems_Science"},{"id":2894,"name":"Evolution of cooperation (Evolutionary Biology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_cooperation_Evolutionary_Biology_"},{"id":3660,"name":"Global Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Governance"},{"id":4315,"name":"Origins of Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_of_Life"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":19741,"name":"Big History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Big_History"},{"id":20119,"name":"Major Transitions (Evolution)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Major_Transitions_Evolution_"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="7332776"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/7332776/The_Evolutionary_Manifesto"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Evolutionary Manifesto" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/33936654/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/7332776/The_Evolutionary_Manifesto">The Evolutionary Manifesto</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The Evolutionary Manifesto shows that evolution is directional and demonstrates that this has maj...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The Evolutionary Manifesto shows that evolution is directional and demonstrates that this has major implications for humanity. The Manifesto reveals that humanity must align its social syatems and behaviour with the trajectory of evolution if we are to survive and thrive into the future. The Manifesto goes on to show that humanity has an essential role to play in the future evolution of life on this planet. It demonstrates that life on Earth has reached a critical stage in evolution’s trajectory. Up to now evolution has moved along its trajectory blindly and unconsciously. But if evolution on Earth is to continue to advance successfully in the future, the process will have to be driven intentionally and consciously by humanity. In this way, a proper understanding of evolution shows us how we can live a life that matters in a larger scheme of things. An evolutionary worldview answers the fundamental existential question that faces us all: “What should I do with my life?” The Manifesto outlines in broad terms what humanity must do to advance the evolutionary process—how we will intentionally have to re-make our political, social and economic systems, and how we will need to develop our cognition and consciousness. As such, the Manifesto presents a detailed case for evolutionary activism--coordinated action directed at advancing the evolutionary process intentionally.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9adf4ccfc7b8dcd32f56d56435bdda2f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":33936654,"asset_id":7332776,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33936654/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="7332776"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7332776"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7332776; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7332776]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7332776]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7332776; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='7332776']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7332776, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9adf4ccfc7b8dcd32f56d56435bdda2f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=7332776]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":7332776,"title":"The Evolutionary Manifesto","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The Evolutionary Manifesto shows that evolution is directional and demonstrates that this has major implications for humanity. The Manifesto reveals that humanity must align its social syatems and behaviour with the trajectory of evolution if we are to survive and thrive into the future. The Manifesto goes on to show that humanity has an essential role to play in the future evolution of life on this planet. It demonstrates that life on Earth has reached a critical stage in evolution’s trajectory. Up to now evolution has moved along its trajectory blindly and unconsciously. But if evolution on Earth is to continue to advance successfully in the future, the process will have to be driven intentionally and consciously by humanity. In this way, a proper understanding of evolution shows us how we can live a life that matters in a larger scheme of things. An evolutionary worldview answers the fundamental existential question that faces us all: “What should I do with my life?” The Manifesto outlines in broad terms what humanity must do to advance the evolutionary process—how we will intentionally have to re-make our political, social and economic systems, and how we will need to develop our cognition and consciousness. As such, the Manifesto presents a detailed case for evolutionary activism--coordinated action directed at advancing the evolutionary process intentionally."},"translated_abstract":"The Evolutionary Manifesto shows that evolution is directional and demonstrates that this has major implications for humanity. The Manifesto reveals that humanity must align its social syatems and behaviour with the trajectory of evolution if we are to survive and thrive into the future. The Manifesto goes on to show that humanity has an essential role to play in the future evolution of life on this planet. It demonstrates that life on Earth has reached a critical stage in evolution’s trajectory. Up to now evolution has moved along its trajectory blindly and unconsciously. But if evolution on Earth is to continue to advance successfully in the future, the process will have to be driven intentionally and consciously by humanity. In this way, a proper understanding of evolution shows us how we can live a life that matters in a larger scheme of things. An evolutionary worldview answers the fundamental existential question that faces us all: “What should I do with my life?” The Manifesto outlines in broad terms what humanity must do to advance the evolutionary process—how we will intentionally have to re-make our political, social and economic systems, and how we will need to develop our cognition and consciousness. As such, the Manifesto presents a detailed case for evolutionary activism--coordinated action directed at advancing the evolutionary process intentionally.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/7332776/The_Evolutionary_Manifesto","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2014-06-12T20:32:41.221-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33936654,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/33936654/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"EvMan_24_April_2009.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33936654/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Evolutionary_Manifesto.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/33936654/EvMan_24_April_2009-libre.pdf?1402632758=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Evolutionary_Manifesto.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=UEa1OwX18pxcGetvzKJauX3sF0CgVbY-INRCbEXWkdBiTVwrOc11j8aKMyi5TkEBx6xVfVjt8UjfhbQbItI9HnRRmHzNz44r48IjGfnfzjAJ520WEgEetW8OnUf3zJQDV8HR2axkT~PQOKGbBTcvbasFD~aLxyGS4F5X9qxp38SXXe1oDzpiK0exImZ~QNRHja1~2GvPcBndzHXLdnKPm013pQdkRa3zz6KyRJUzI~IL5mLUUhjWYhtv6K2O08V9r9ooCwyQzLd-0lhlhqPj38l0ebLKZ4q0QEIRqVvuXHAsX~1Ln8k7IwP1VIWhJE4IBjqSsxaJl6BYD1w~z73hHA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_Evolutionary_Manifesto","translated_slug":"","page_count":34,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":33936654,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/33936654/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"EvMan_24_April_2009.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33936654/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Evolutionary_Manifesto.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/33936654/EvMan_24_April_2009-libre.pdf?1402632758=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Evolutionary_Manifesto.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=UEa1OwX18pxcGetvzKJauX3sF0CgVbY-INRCbEXWkdBiTVwrOc11j8aKMyi5TkEBx6xVfVjt8UjfhbQbItI9HnRRmHzNz44r48IjGfnfzjAJ520WEgEetW8OnUf3zJQDV8HR2axkT~PQOKGbBTcvbasFD~aLxyGS4F5X9qxp38SXXe1oDzpiK0exImZ~QNRHja1~2GvPcBndzHXLdnKPm013pQdkRa3zz6KyRJUzI~IL5mLUUhjWYhtv6K2O08V9r9ooCwyQzLd-0lhlhqPj38l0ebLKZ4q0QEIRqVvuXHAsX~1Ln8k7IwP1VIWhJE4IBjqSsxaJl6BYD1w~z73hHA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":33936641,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/33936641/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"EvMan_24_April_2009.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33936641/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Evolutionary_Manifesto.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/33936641/EvMan_24_April_2009-libre.pdf?1402632954=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Evolutionary_Manifesto.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=BdF8VJcUw~0wiyOWz3F34KkZQPtFhM4f0ZkMe6Jr7iQUMcRrvKXUEHKZh8RTW2sFji0gsegZ0TmcEFLcoK4pOiB3kpPNqMp9xhJ8O3fGyT1aBkeixmPFuGpGv-56zb8nmhCKcMYJ3Cz7pTPnNXsc1TIrCYYwzwG2x0qbatORDNWDCIjo3OKvTN1BTfS8nt4mu1HPfsyp3K2bqG-GufpDr8KXkaVncwAn3x73p314tDLOgChiy29lD5SlrFxoT5dOs05~F8w126EPI~z0Z47eD30wO0gxxM~EtqOroyYgmkG0jwjO-AMy6oRyMVZo2wJOWNy2FihOlXym2xoOSNe5QA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology"},{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":3660,"name":"Global Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Governance"},{"id":5777,"name":"Evolutionary Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Ethics"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":19741,"name":"Big History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Big_History"},{"id":20119,"name":"Major Transitions (Evolution)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Major_Transitions_Evolution_"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Drafts" id="Drafts"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Drafts by John E Stewart</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="72517182"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/72517182/RNAs_Role_in_the_Origins_of_Life_An_Agentic_Manager_or_Recipient_of_Off_loaded_Constraints"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of RNA's Role in the Origins of Life: An Agentic 'Manager', or Recipient of 'Off-loaded' Constraints" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81413672/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/72517182/RNAs_Role_in_the_Origins_of_Life_An_Agentic_Manager_or_Recipient_of_Off_loaded_Constraints">RNA's Role in the Origins of Life: An Agentic 'Manager', or Recipient of 'Off-loaded' Constraints</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Biosemiotics</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In his Target Article, Terrence Deacon develops simple models that assist in understanding the ro...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In his Target Article, Terrence Deacon develops simple models that assist in understanding the role of RNA in the origins of life. However, his models fail to adequately represent an important evolutionary dynamic. Central to this dynamic is the selection that impinges on RNA molecules in the context of their association with proto-metabolisms. This selection shapes the role of RNA in the emergence of life. When this evolutionary dynamic is appropriately taken into account, it predicts a role for RNA that is consistent with the Managed-Metabolism Hypothesis about the origins of life, and inconsistent with Deacon's account.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="069890aeaa591263be0a88c6d5e67b4b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":81413672,"asset_id":72517182,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81413672/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="72517182"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="72517182"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72517182; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=72517182]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=72517182]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72517182; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='72517182']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 72517182, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "069890aeaa591263be0a88c6d5e67b4b" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=72517182]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":72517182,"title":"RNA's Role in the Origins of Life: An Agentic 'Manager', or Recipient of 'Off-loaded' Constraints","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1007/s12304-021-09450-y","abstract":"In his Target Article, Terrence Deacon develops simple models that assist in understanding the role of RNA in the origins of life. However, his models fail to adequately represent an important evolutionary dynamic. Central to this dynamic is the selection that impinges on RNA molecules in the context of their association with proto-metabolisms. This selection shapes the role of RNA in the emergence of life. When this evolutionary dynamic is appropriately taken into account, it predicts a role for RNA that is consistent with the Managed-Metabolism Hypothesis about the origins of life, and inconsistent with Deacon's account.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Biosemiotics"},"translated_abstract":"In his Target Article, Terrence Deacon develops simple models that assist in understanding the role of RNA in the origins of life. However, his models fail to adequately represent an important evolutionary dynamic. Central to this dynamic is the selection that impinges on RNA molecules in the context of their association with proto-metabolisms. This selection shapes the role of RNA in the emergence of life. When this evolutionary dynamic is appropriately taken into account, it predicts a role for RNA that is consistent with the Managed-Metabolism Hypothesis about the origins of life, and inconsistent with Deacon's account.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/72517182/RNAs_Role_in_the_Origins_of_Life_An_Agentic_Manager_or_Recipient_of_Off_loaded_Constraints","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-02-26T15:58:43.802-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"draft","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81413672,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81413672/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"PreprintDeaconComment.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81413672/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"RNAs_Role_in_the_Origins_of_Life_An_Agen.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/81413672/PreprintDeaconComment-libre.pdf?1645923330=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRNAs_Role_in_the_Origins_of_Life_An_Agen.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=KHIdw9hGBmagJB~r5WgoUdMCgpnVQvXpw-T-wmng0JGgKJa49PTzq3f7EAhHaasBbvPn~gdXyz~J~muzR6Oc1ofkVuHVvJv2Bw0KDDbd02uKaq4Rdxrq1hGmL4oZ62X1DGXl7oAhRcUrUfxpy7ZLXyV6KyMr8djDjDWCd9AGENjfmdxe5sAPn5R2gzGATrnhBoan7u75bS1CdvNei93Ep5oCVPQ-4aqYVaxMgtAcVjjivU~X~WrMMB3Z7Wu6VnsGX1UAwVK8gopOPOuOwr8w3XTu0UsPxXCW46bTJ5OhOzhueuvgvssoQmDCUQUb24shzEiaLVn8hUgIWJabGDxXIg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"RNAs_Role_in_the_Origins_of_Life_An_Agentic_Manager_or_Recipient_of_Off_loaded_Constraints","translated_slug":"","page_count":7,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":81413672,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81413672/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"PreprintDeaconComment.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81413672/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"RNAs_Role_in_the_Origins_of_Life_An_Agen.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/81413672/PreprintDeaconComment-libre.pdf?1645923330=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRNAs_Role_in_the_Origins_of_Life_An_Agen.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=KHIdw9hGBmagJB~r5WgoUdMCgpnVQvXpw-T-wmng0JGgKJa49PTzq3f7EAhHaasBbvPn~gdXyz~J~muzR6Oc1ofkVuHVvJv2Bw0KDDbd02uKaq4Rdxrq1hGmL4oZ62X1DGXl7oAhRcUrUfxpy7ZLXyV6KyMr8djDjDWCd9AGENjfmdxe5sAPn5R2gzGATrnhBoan7u75bS1CdvNei93Ep5oCVPQ-4aqYVaxMgtAcVjjivU~X~WrMMB3Z7Wu6VnsGX1UAwVK8gopOPOuOwr8w3XTu0UsPxXCW46bTJ5OhOzhueuvgvssoQmDCUQUb24shzEiaLVn8hUgIWJabGDxXIg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":98,"name":"Semiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotics"},{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology"},{"id":4315,"name":"Origins of Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_of_Life"},{"id":9231,"name":"Biosemiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biosemiotics"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":29372,"name":"RNA viruses","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RNA_viruses"},{"id":353527,"name":"Protocells","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protocells"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36523162"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36523162/Strategies_for_Advancing_Evolution"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Strategies for Advancing Evolution" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56441789/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36523162/Strategies_for_Advancing_Evolution">Strategies for Advancing Evolution</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">As detailed in The Evolutionary Manifesto and Evolution’s Arrow, an understanding of the large-sc...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">As detailed in The Evolutionary Manifesto and Evolution’s Arrow, an understanding of the large-scale processes that govern the evolution of life is capable of making sense of human existence.  This evolutionary worldview is revealing that we are not just meaningless accidents in a universe that is indifferent to our existence.  Instead it shows that humanity has a critical role to play in the future evolution of life on this planet and in the universe.<br /><br />But what specifically do we need to do to advance the evolutionary process and ensure that humanity successfully fulfils its role in the future evolution of life?  This paper uses the direction of evolution to answer this fundamental question.  It identifies the next great steps in evolution on Earth, and devises strategies that will help actualize those steps.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3ae5ec9515bcda105a09b0be83c62e11" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":56441789,"asset_id":36523162,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56441789/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36523162"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36523162"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36523162; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36523162]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36523162]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36523162; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='36523162']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36523162, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3ae5ec9515bcda105a09b0be83c62e11" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=36523162]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":36523162,"title":"Strategies for Advancing Evolution","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"As detailed in The Evolutionary Manifesto and Evolution’s Arrow, an understanding of the large-scale processes that govern the evolution of life is capable of making sense of human existence. This evolutionary worldview is revealing that we are not just meaningless accidents in a universe that is indifferent to our existence. Instead it shows that humanity has a critical role to play in the future evolution of life on this planet and in the universe.\n\nBut what specifically do we need to do to advance the evolutionary process and ensure that humanity successfully fulfils its role in the future evolution of life? This paper uses the direction of evolution to answer this fundamental question. It identifies the next great steps in evolution on Earth, and devises strategies that will help actualize those steps.\n"},"translated_abstract":"As detailed in The Evolutionary Manifesto and Evolution’s Arrow, an understanding of the large-scale processes that govern the evolution of life is capable of making sense of human existence. This evolutionary worldview is revealing that we are not just meaningless accidents in a universe that is indifferent to our existence. Instead it shows that humanity has a critical role to play in the future evolution of life on this planet and in the universe.\n\nBut what specifically do we need to do to advance the evolutionary process and ensure that humanity successfully fulfils its role in the future evolution of life? This paper uses the direction of evolution to answer this fundamental question. It identifies the next great steps in evolution on Earth, and devises strategies that will help actualize those steps.\n","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36523162/Strategies_for_Advancing_Evolution","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-04-28T00:39:03.622-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"draft","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56441789,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56441789/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"strategies.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56441789/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Strategies_for_Advancing_Evolution.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56441789/strategies-libre.pdf?1524901701=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DStrategies_for_Advancing_Evolution.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=gt7upHz0mb8sqmiDeF2a07aJnkRvcy5Gh7wOX6Ds-1hEXBvHLvPzAgQHMzSa-Apqgj0BRL~VfAI4UYrBs1PEEJxAMbNwOU2hsN8DYVvCNnuCvVy3nn7lfxAd7ATGFaBbu80ZuQm7tFTBc5RomXSxqZiCajNzYYppeUy~-ABf3iS5JLvv7QvaT71hRQuWNGgYoKIQnrWg~KiuKl7qiMNCVXvr9cja~hhDVDhUDLkKXA1htmLhcVU8gz1fb9fdogjncrEGlDh-gAFy8kigTYT-zT9jVlDttvi7vl5FpDfVzHx18pTJaWtwqPxRaoGyDF-vRk5nBEGfJSlR5snJ4EKtAA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Strategies_for_Advancing_Evolution","translated_slug":"","page_count":24,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":56441789,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56441789/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"strategies.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56441789/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Strategies_for_Advancing_Evolution.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56441789/strategies-libre.pdf?1524901701=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DStrategies_for_Advancing_Evolution.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=gt7upHz0mb8sqmiDeF2a07aJnkRvcy5Gh7wOX6Ds-1hEXBvHLvPzAgQHMzSa-Apqgj0BRL~VfAI4UYrBs1PEEJxAMbNwOU2hsN8DYVvCNnuCvVy3nn7lfxAd7ATGFaBbu80ZuQm7tFTBc5RomXSxqZiCajNzYYppeUy~-ABf3iS5JLvv7QvaT71hRQuWNGgYoKIQnrWg~KiuKl7qiMNCVXvr9cja~hhDVDhUDLkKXA1htmLhcVU8gz1fb9fdogjncrEGlDh-gAFy8kigTYT-zT9jVlDttvi7vl5FpDfVzHx18pTJaWtwqPxRaoGyDF-vRk5nBEGfJSlR5snJ4EKtAA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":24440,"name":"Long Term Evolution (LTE)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Long_Term_Evolution_LTE_"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36307514"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36307514/Metaevolution"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Metaevolution" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56214626/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36307514/Metaevolution">Metaevolution</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This article presents a general theory of the evolution of the evolutionary mechanisms that disco...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This article presents a general theory of the evolution of the evolutionary mechanisms that discover and perpetuate adaptations in living systems. I propose that new evolutionary mechanisms arise because they overcome the limitation in the ability of evolutionary mechanisms that operate at the level of individual entities to systematically discover beneficial cooperative arrangements between the individuals. Evolutionary mechanisms that arise to overcome this limitation are hierarchical in structure. This is because the limitation can be comprehensively overcome by a form of organization in which arrangements intervene across a dynamic of individuals to sustain beneficial cooperative adaptations. These intervening arrangements must be in hierarchical relationship with the dynamic of interacting individuals if they are to escape the limitations of the evolutionary processes that operate at the level of individuals in the dynamic. Variation in these interventions, and sorting of this variation on the basis of its benefit to the organization, will allow beneficial cooperative adaptations to be discovered and sustained. The repeated arising of evolutionary mechanisms in this way produces the familiar nested hierarchies of living processes, and, as each new level of organization is formed, extends the scope in space and time of cooperation among living processes. The paper identifies other key metaevolutionary trends within and across levels of organization of living processes, and considers the evolution of human organization from this metaevolutionary perspective.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="955e011e990e0ac465b6673c619179a3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":56214626,"asset_id":36307514,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56214626/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36307514"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36307514"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36307514; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36307514]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36307514]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36307514; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='36307514']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36307514, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "955e011e990e0ac465b6673c619179a3" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=36307514]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":36307514,"title":"Metaevolution","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This article presents a general theory of the evolution of the evolutionary mechanisms that discover and perpetuate adaptations in living systems. I propose that new evolutionary mechanisms arise because they overcome the limitation in the ability of evolutionary mechanisms that operate at the level of individual entities to systematically discover beneficial cooperative arrangements between the individuals. Evolutionary mechanisms that arise to overcome this limitation are hierarchical in structure. This is because the limitation can be comprehensively overcome by a form of organization in which arrangements intervene across a dynamic of individuals to sustain beneficial cooperative adaptations. These intervening arrangements must be in hierarchical relationship with the dynamic of interacting individuals if they are to escape the limitations of the evolutionary processes that operate at the level of individuals in the dynamic. Variation in these interventions, and sorting of this variation on the basis of its benefit to the organization, will allow beneficial cooperative adaptations to be discovered and sustained. The repeated arising of evolutionary mechanisms in this way produces the familiar nested hierarchies of living processes, and, as each new level of organization is formed, extends the scope in space and time of cooperation among living processes. The paper identifies other key metaevolutionary trends within and across levels of organization of living processes, and considers the evolution of human organization from this metaevolutionary perspective."},"translated_abstract":"This article presents a general theory of the evolution of the evolutionary mechanisms that discover and perpetuate adaptations in living systems. I propose that new evolutionary mechanisms arise because they overcome the limitation in the ability of evolutionary mechanisms that operate at the level of individual entities to systematically discover beneficial cooperative arrangements between the individuals. Evolutionary mechanisms that arise to overcome this limitation are hierarchical in structure. This is because the limitation can be comprehensively overcome by a form of organization in which arrangements intervene across a dynamic of individuals to sustain beneficial cooperative adaptations. These intervening arrangements must be in hierarchical relationship with the dynamic of interacting individuals if they are to escape the limitations of the evolutionary processes that operate at the level of individuals in the dynamic. Variation in these interventions, and sorting of this variation on the basis of its benefit to the organization, will allow beneficial cooperative adaptations to be discovered and sustained. The repeated arising of evolutionary mechanisms in this way produces the familiar nested hierarchies of living processes, and, as each new level of organization is formed, extends the scope in space and time of cooperation among living processes. The paper identifies other key metaevolutionary trends within and across levels of organization of living processes, and considers the evolution of human organization from this metaevolutionary perspective.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36307514/Metaevolution","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-04-02T00:37:03.787-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"draft","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56214626,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56214626/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"MetaevolutionPreprint.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56214626/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Metaevolution.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56214626/MetaevolutionPreprint-libre.pdf?1522655027=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMetaevolution.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=gZ6ZjDOyaUbkjuM37wZvSunSi1jGwwFKm-hz6vWw6TPhe-PF3ln1LyUDBRQOWwclNJ9YwxYv9QdJjClqQXQ-Z-tvZa9Pa1JL7juAkw69DnF2xKbVddUCC2MCbf18ZczMF8T-uKI2GbZ3iInNijVUlTS~nvQcz-QJQgaQf~bWLVGs-sSMxVNZpMfum2AMbe3p1LS4l2P~uOsnUHYRL6EtAJP2kvLMbPtbEPOnjbpVPxgS0eusKWdJrf0vK9YA8AR9OZF0DT~jYalpTXuGJjZNQjitNz5cG~myDbNv-9JTUOtiBuSEmESmzYpjeh6WBJOTzEUFVGiabL7cEQb5F5fQ0w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Metaevolution","translated_slug":"","page_count":35,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":56214626,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56214626/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"MetaevolutionPreprint.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56214626/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Metaevolution.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56214626/MetaevolutionPreprint-libre.pdf?1522655027=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMetaevolution.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=gZ6ZjDOyaUbkjuM37wZvSunSi1jGwwFKm-hz6vWw6TPhe-PF3ln1LyUDBRQOWwclNJ9YwxYv9QdJjClqQXQ-Z-tvZa9Pa1JL7juAkw69DnF2xKbVddUCC2MCbf18ZczMF8T-uKI2GbZ3iInNijVUlTS~nvQcz-QJQgaQf~bWLVGs-sSMxVNZpMfum2AMbe3p1LS4l2P~uOsnUHYRL6EtAJP2kvLMbPtbEPOnjbpVPxgS0eusKWdJrf0vK9YA8AR9OZF0DT~jYalpTXuGJjZNQjitNz5cG~myDbNv-9JTUOtiBuSEmESmzYpjeh6WBJOTzEUFVGiabL7cEQb5F5fQ0w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology"},{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":2894,"name":"Evolution of cooperation (Evolutionary Biology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_cooperation_Evolutionary_Biology_"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":20119,"name":"Major Transitions (Evolution)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Major_Transitions_Evolution_"},{"id":24440,"name":"Long Term Evolution (LTE)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Long_Term_Evolution_LTE_"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36168425"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36168425/EVOLUTIONARY_TRANSITIONS_AND_ARTIFICIAL_LIFE"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56066228/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36168425/EVOLUTIONARY_TRANSITIONS_AND_ARTIFICIAL_LIFE">EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A major challenge for artificial life is to synthesize the evolutionary transitions that have rep...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A major challenge for artificial life is to synthesize the evolutionary transitions that have repeatedly formed differentiated higher-level entities from cooperative organizations of lower-level entities, producing the nested hierarchical structure of living processes. This article identifies the key elements and relationships that must be incorporated or synthesized in an artificial life system if these transitions are to emerge. The processes currently included in artificial life systems are unable to provide an adequate basis for the emergence of the complex cooperative organization that is essential to the transitions. A new theory of the evolution of cooperative organization is developed that points to the additional processes that must be included in artificial life systems to underpin the emergence of the transitions.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="da003df720febef18eea4d3192c66fa5" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":56066228,"asset_id":36168425,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56066228/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36168425"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36168425"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36168425; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36168425]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36168425]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36168425; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='36168425']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36168425, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "da003df720febef18eea4d3192c66fa5" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=36168425]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":36168425,"title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"A major challenge for artificial life is to synthesize the evolutionary transitions that have repeatedly formed differentiated higher-level entities from cooperative organizations of lower-level entities, producing the nested hierarchical structure of living processes. This article identifies the key elements and relationships that must be incorporated or synthesized in an artificial life system if these transitions are to emerge. The processes currently included in artificial life systems are unable to provide an adequate basis for the emergence of the complex cooperative organization that is essential to the transitions. A new theory of the evolution of cooperative organization is developed that points to the additional processes that must be included in artificial life systems to underpin the emergence of the transitions."},"translated_abstract":"A major challenge for artificial life is to synthesize the evolutionary transitions that have repeatedly formed differentiated higher-level entities from cooperative organizations of lower-level entities, producing the nested hierarchical structure of living processes. This article identifies the key elements and relationships that must be incorporated or synthesized in an artificial life system if these transitions are to emerge. The processes currently included in artificial life systems are unable to provide an adequate basis for the emergence of the complex cooperative organization that is essential to the transitions. A new theory of the evolution of cooperative organization is developed that points to the additional processes that must be included in artificial life systems to underpin the emergence of the transitions.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36168425/EVOLUTIONARY_TRANSITIONS_AND_ARTIFICIAL_LIFE","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-03-15T01:52:59.774-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"draft","co_author_tags":[{"id":31194269,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6647389,"email":"j***t@dir.ausgovdir.telememo.at","display_order":1,"name":"J. Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194270,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2930395,"email":"j***t@uchsc.edu","display_order":2,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194271,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2930396,"email":"j***t@sci.monash.edu.au","display_order":3,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194272,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4535963,"email":"j***2@dera.gov.uk","display_order":4,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194273,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4535964,"email":"j***t@damtp.cam.ac.uk","display_order":5,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194274,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":843192,"email":"j***t@utc.fr","display_order":6,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194275,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":33089699,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***t@bournemouth.ac.uk","affiliation":"Bournemouth University","display_order":7,"name":"John R. Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194276,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2807398,"email":"s***t@uchsc.edu","display_order":8,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194277,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2807401,"email":"j***t@qub.ac.uk","display_order":9,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194278,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":27998299,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***t@dpi.nsw.gov.au","display_order":10,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194279,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":23230576,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"g***n@gmail.com","display_order":11,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194280,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":5741665,"email":"p***e@gmail.com","display_order":12,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194281,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4535965,"email":"j***t@lanl.gov","display_order":14,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194282,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":5741666,"email":"j***t@muhc.mcgill.ca","display_order":15,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194283,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":1868596,"email":"j***t@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":16,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194284,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":48183865,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***r@wakehealth.edu","display_order":17,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56066228,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56066228/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"EarlierVersionETandAI.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56066228/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"EVOLUTIONARY_TRANSITIONS_AND_ARTIFICIAL.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56066228/EarlierVersionETandAI-libre.pdf?1521104273=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEVOLUTIONARY_TRANSITIONS_AND_ARTIFICIAL.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=gtrWQ5LBVNN3Gw8XwdyYdvFs~oI6Pro03qvUsESsN-wJveTe4MYoB8oFAs88RreOl3Yf-U9QFI7g5sn5bRdwPATUfn2bgDaXx9O0PlStmt9PN2r9x0gVAnW0d~xMnHZmh1PfaKqdolJMjLUpxdHuwplNR3iQ8a4cG0E0oPq4Is6PmW1N6PIhbj5NpurobX8jLBb05k7nYX7ayil0pbYa0jWAaB31-t8Gc7L7wZuSHzHvgeSTU3clXiYsb16FpW4gGjDXgLjkXDwK~Ujv-B1HcsTyNrhwiHUJ~JjdxjmeuLdlZhFKmwXc6TQy1op0ClvnIDhe7z3QQG0tzEsSW-Y4Ig__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"EVOLUTIONARY_TRANSITIONS_AND_ARTIFICIAL_LIFE","translated_slug":"","page_count":28,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":56066228,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56066228/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"EarlierVersionETandAI.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56066228/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"EVOLUTIONARY_TRANSITIONS_AND_ARTIFICIAL.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56066228/EarlierVersionETandAI-libre.pdf?1521104273=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEVOLUTIONARY_TRANSITIONS_AND_ARTIFICIAL.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=gtrWQ5LBVNN3Gw8XwdyYdvFs~oI6Pro03qvUsESsN-wJveTe4MYoB8oFAs88RreOl3Yf-U9QFI7g5sn5bRdwPATUfn2bgDaXx9O0PlStmt9PN2r9x0gVAnW0d~xMnHZmh1PfaKqdolJMjLUpxdHuwplNR3iQ8a4cG0E0oPq4Is6PmW1N6PIhbj5NpurobX8jLBb05k7nYX7ayil0pbYa0jWAaB31-t8Gc7L7wZuSHzHvgeSTU3clXiYsb16FpW4gGjDXgLjkXDwK~Ujv-B1HcsTyNrhwiHUJ~JjdxjmeuLdlZhFKmwXc6TQy1op0ClvnIDhe7z3QQG0tzEsSW-Y4Ig__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2894,"name":"Evolution of cooperation (Evolutionary Biology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_cooperation_Evolutionary_Biology_"},{"id":4315,"name":"Origins of Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_of_Life"},{"id":11096,"name":"Cultural Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Evolution"},{"id":137179,"name":"Origin of Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origin_of_Life"},{"id":258120,"name":"The future evolution of life in the universe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_future_evolution_of_life_in_the_universe"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36157257"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36157257/THE_MEANING_OF_LIFE_IN_A_DEVELOPING_UNIVERSE"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of THE MEANING OF LIFE IN A DEVELOPING UNIVERSE" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56049602/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36157257/THE_MEANING_OF_LIFE_IN_A_DEVELOPING_UNIVERSE">THE MEANING OF LIFE IN A DEVELOPING UNIVERSE</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The evolution of life on Earth has produced an organism that is beginning to model and understand...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The evolution of life on Earth has produced an organism that is beginning to model and understand its own evolution and the possible future evolution of life in the universe. These models and associated evidence show that evolution on Earth has a trajectory. The scale over which living processes are organized cooperatively has increased progressively, as has its evolvability. Recent theoretical advances raise the possibility that this trajectory is itself part of a wider developmental process. According to these theories, the developmental process has been shaped by a yet larger evolutionary dynamic that involves the reproduction of universes. This evolutionary dynamic has tuned the key parameters of the universe to increase the likelihood that life will emerge and produce outcomes that are successful in the larger process (e.g. a key outcome may be to produce life and intelligence that intentionally reproduces the universe and tunes the parameters of 'offspring' universes). Theory suggests that when life emerges on a planet, it moves along this trajectory of its own accord. However, at a particular point evolution will continue to advance only if organisms emerge that decide to advance the developmental process intentionally. The organisms must be prepared to make this commitment even though the ultimate nature and destination of the process is uncertain, and may forever remain unknown. Organisms that complete this transition to intentional evolution will drive the further development of life and intelligence in the universe. Humanity's increasing understanding of the evolution of life in the universe is rapidly bringing it to the threshold of this major evolutionary transition.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ab6c7dd1ee7eb5354d3b4bb9d2f4c845" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":56049602,"asset_id":36157257,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56049602/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36157257"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36157257"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36157257; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36157257]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36157257]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36157257; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='36157257']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36157257, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ab6c7dd1ee7eb5354d3b4bb9d2f4c845" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=36157257]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":36157257,"title":"THE MEANING OF LIFE IN A DEVELOPING UNIVERSE","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The evolution of life on Earth has produced an organism that is beginning to model and understand its own evolution and the possible future evolution of life in the universe. These models and associated evidence show that evolution on Earth has a trajectory. The scale over which living processes are organized cooperatively has increased progressively, as has its evolvability. Recent theoretical advances raise the possibility that this trajectory is itself part of a wider developmental process. According to these theories, the developmental process has been shaped by a yet larger evolutionary dynamic that involves the reproduction of universes. This evolutionary dynamic has tuned the key parameters of the universe to increase the likelihood that life will emerge and produce outcomes that are successful in the larger process (e.g. a key outcome may be to produce life and intelligence that intentionally reproduces the universe and tunes the parameters of 'offspring' universes). Theory suggests that when life emerges on a planet, it moves along this trajectory of its own accord. However, at a particular point evolution will continue to advance only if organisms emerge that decide to advance the developmental process intentionally. The organisms must be prepared to make this commitment even though the ultimate nature and destination of the process is uncertain, and may forever remain unknown. Organisms that complete this transition to intentional evolution will drive the further development of life and intelligence in the universe. Humanity's increasing understanding of the evolution of life in the universe is rapidly bringing it to the threshold of this major evolutionary transition."},"translated_abstract":"The evolution of life on Earth has produced an organism that is beginning to model and understand its own evolution and the possible future evolution of life in the universe. These models and associated evidence show that evolution on Earth has a trajectory. The scale over which living processes are organized cooperatively has increased progressively, as has its evolvability. Recent theoretical advances raise the possibility that this trajectory is itself part of a wider developmental process. According to these theories, the developmental process has been shaped by a yet larger evolutionary dynamic that involves the reproduction of universes. This evolutionary dynamic has tuned the key parameters of the universe to increase the likelihood that life will emerge and produce outcomes that are successful in the larger process (e.g. a key outcome may be to produce life and intelligence that intentionally reproduces the universe and tunes the parameters of 'offspring' universes). Theory suggests that when life emerges on a planet, it moves along this trajectory of its own accord. However, at a particular point evolution will continue to advance only if organisms emerge that decide to advance the developmental process intentionally. The organisms must be prepared to make this commitment even though the ultimate nature and destination of the process is uncertain, and may forever remain unknown. Organisms that complete this transition to intentional evolution will drive the further development of life and intelligence in the universe. Humanity's increasing understanding of the evolution of life in the universe is rapidly bringing it to the threshold of this major evolutionary transition.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36157257/THE_MEANING_OF_LIFE_IN_A_DEVELOPING_UNIVERSE","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-03-13T17:20:35.060-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"draft","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56049602,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56049602/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"StewartMeaningofLife.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56049602/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"THE_MEANING_OF_LIFE_IN_A_DEVELOPING_UNIV.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56049602/StewartMeaningofLife-libre.pdf?1520987372=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTHE_MEANING_OF_LIFE_IN_A_DEVELOPING_UNIV.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=Lv6qBiHMW5bbu56PEq1S4RdFs4Y1kcEE5cbeCywEgy8dJQsF0DUzOMZA3xz6rUrhSh2FMkxlk7NmeC04W5tOlvO~Pc8uT6F1YPKDRHt8lrhjKAZJ9XYeRRZuQHyu81DcPqS4BSkh~PBFowWssiF~NimHAO7-kqYij~eDU~HXonb0uf2PcXLrDfJYMD59wOCd8nyzjfA4~jChaZN9OqO4oVz7I1AS2xdMo3qbzqmppdkpEnrbXskJX~lnBjguewKcVIT4dJyCxw8qebTcw6Bf4gRcZqS~RFmySoyTOfvoF4OIyhUe3ZRJQkF2oXa9HE9BdNzZBJ8it2nGi9IAjkbHQg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"THE_MEANING_OF_LIFE_IN_A_DEVELOPING_UNIVERSE","translated_slug":"","page_count":17,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":56049602,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56049602/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"StewartMeaningofLife.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56049602/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"THE_MEANING_OF_LIFE_IN_A_DEVELOPING_UNIV.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56049602/StewartMeaningofLife-libre.pdf?1520987372=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTHE_MEANING_OF_LIFE_IN_A_DEVELOPING_UNIV.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=Lv6qBiHMW5bbu56PEq1S4RdFs4Y1kcEE5cbeCywEgy8dJQsF0DUzOMZA3xz6rUrhSh2FMkxlk7NmeC04W5tOlvO~Pc8uT6F1YPKDRHt8lrhjKAZJ9XYeRRZuQHyu81DcPqS4BSkh~PBFowWssiF~NimHAO7-kqYij~eDU~HXonb0uf2PcXLrDfJYMD59wOCd8nyzjfA4~jChaZN9OqO4oVz7I1AS2xdMo3qbzqmppdkpEnrbXskJX~lnBjguewKcVIT4dJyCxw8qebTcw6Bf4gRcZqS~RFmySoyTOfvoF4OIyhUe3ZRJQkF2oXa9HE9BdNzZBJ8it2nGi9IAjkbHQg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology"},{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":2894,"name":"Evolution of cooperation (Evolutionary Biology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_cooperation_Evolutionary_Biology_"},{"id":3940,"name":"Evolutionary Developmental Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Developmental_Biology"},{"id":4213,"name":"Evolution of Morality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Morality"},{"id":24440,"name":"Long Term Evolution (LTE)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Long_Term_Evolution_LTE_"},{"id":32511,"name":"Evo-Devo (Developmental Biology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evo-Devo_Developmental_Biology_"},{"id":36274,"name":"Universal Evolutionary Development (Evo Devo) Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Universal_Evolutionary_Development_Evo_Devo_Studies"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36123866"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36123866/THE_EVOLUTION_OF_GENETIC_COGNITION"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56016406/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36123866/THE_EVOLUTION_OF_GENETIC_COGNITION">THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">As well as discovering and optimizing adaptations, natural selection acting on a genetic system w...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">As well as discovering and optimizing adaptations, natural selection acting on a genetic system will also discover and optimize processes which discover and optimize adaptations. However, attempts to account for the evolution of processes such as mutation, recombination, and sexual reproduction on this basis have encountered a fundamental difficulty—these processes will be selected against during periods in which there is little benefit in testing alternatives and in discovering new adaptations, e.g., when environmental conditions are constant. This difficulty will be overcome by processes which are able to survive these periods despite any selective disadvantage. This can be achieved by processes in which the rate of production of variation, and therefore the rate at which the process is removed from the population during these periods, is sufficiently low. Selection will favor processes of this type which are best at cost-effectively discovering new adaptations when there is advantage in testing alternatives, e.g., when circumstances change sufficiently. Selection will enhance this ability by optimizing the frequency and the content of the variation which is produced, and will organize the genetic system hierarchically. This hierarchic organization will reduce the amount of trial and error needed to discover adaptations, and will tend to preserve general, " default " adaptations. Genetic systems which include recombination will be superior at discovering adaptations than systems which do not, providing an advantage to sexual reproduction in widely applicable circumstances.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b1cc0a0ca08686f9543fd6dc4c7ca25f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":56016406,"asset_id":36123866,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56016406/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36123866"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36123866"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36123866; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36123866]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36123866]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36123866; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='36123866']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36123866, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b1cc0a0ca08686f9543fd6dc4c7ca25f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=36123866]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":36123866,"title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"As well as discovering and optimizing adaptations, natural selection acting on a genetic system will also discover and optimize processes which discover and optimize adaptations. However, attempts to account for the evolution of processes such as mutation, recombination, and sexual reproduction on this basis have encountered a fundamental difficulty—these processes will be selected against during periods in which there is little benefit in testing alternatives and in discovering new adaptations, e.g., when environmental conditions are constant. This difficulty will be overcome by processes which are able to survive these periods despite any selective disadvantage. This can be achieved by processes in which the rate of production of variation, and therefore the rate at which the process is removed from the population during these periods, is sufficiently low. Selection will favor processes of this type which are best at cost-effectively discovering new adaptations when there is advantage in testing alternatives, e.g., when circumstances change sufficiently. Selection will enhance this ability by optimizing the frequency and the content of the variation which is produced, and will organize the genetic system hierarchically. This hierarchic organization will reduce the amount of trial and error needed to discover adaptations, and will tend to preserve general, \" default \" adaptations. Genetic systems which include recombination will be superior at discovering adaptations than systems which do not, providing an advantage to sexual reproduction in widely applicable circumstances."},"translated_abstract":"As well as discovering and optimizing adaptations, natural selection acting on a genetic system will also discover and optimize processes which discover and optimize adaptations. However, attempts to account for the evolution of processes such as mutation, recombination, and sexual reproduction on this basis have encountered a fundamental difficulty—these processes will be selected against during periods in which there is little benefit in testing alternatives and in discovering new adaptations, e.g., when environmental conditions are constant. This difficulty will be overcome by processes which are able to survive these periods despite any selective disadvantage. This can be achieved by processes in which the rate of production of variation, and therefore the rate at which the process is removed from the population during these periods, is sufficiently low. Selection will favor processes of this type which are best at cost-effectively discovering new adaptations when there is advantage in testing alternatives, e.g., when circumstances change sufficiently. Selection will enhance this ability by optimizing the frequency and the content of the variation which is produced, and will organize the genetic system hierarchically. This hierarchic organization will reduce the amount of trial and error needed to discover adaptations, and will tend to preserve general, \" default \" adaptations. Genetic systems which include recombination will be superior at discovering adaptations than systems which do not, providing an advantage to sexual reproduction in widely applicable circumstances.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36123866/THE_EVOLUTION_OF_GENETIC_COGNITION","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-03-10T01:00:16.224-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"draft","co_author_tags":[{"id":31171857,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":1719943,"co_author_invite_id":6644603,"email":"f***n@gmail.com","affiliation":"Free University of Brussels","display_order":1,"name":"John E Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171858,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":5741665,"email":"p***e@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171859,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":843192,"email":"j***t@utc.fr","display_order":3,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171860,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4535963,"email":"j***2@dera.gov.uk","display_order":4,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171861,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4535964,"email":"j***t@damtp.cam.ac.uk","display_order":5,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171862,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4535965,"email":"j***t@lanl.gov","display_order":6,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171863,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":5741666,"email":"j***t@muhc.mcgill.ca","display_order":7,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171864,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2930395,"email":"j***t@uchsc.edu","display_order":8,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171865,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":27998299,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***t@dpi.nsw.gov.au","display_order":9,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171866,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2930396,"email":"j***t@sci.monash.edu.au","display_order":10,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171867,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":33089699,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***t@bournemouth.ac.uk","affiliation":"Bournemouth University","display_order":11,"name":"John R. Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171868,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2807398,"email":"s***t@uchsc.edu","display_order":12,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171869,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2807401,"email":"j***t@qub.ac.uk","display_order":13,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171870,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":23230576,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"g***n@gmail.com","display_order":14,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171871,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":1868596,"email":"j***t@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":15,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171872,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":48183865,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***r@wakehealth.edu","display_order":16,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56016406,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56016406/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"GenCog.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56016406/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"THE_EVOLUTION_OF_GENETIC_COGNITION.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56016406/GenCog-libre.pdf?1520672719=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTHE_EVOLUTION_OF_GENETIC_COGNITION.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=UFAYB4LlS3tyAACF5UvDQYXl2ryMrrJhL2qxU92JgaUpwXoH1Y5yj7TkSS5wdaOJ1wmNEkNMq5WpcrTaSatJCgsR7HJLu2VvWHXBkhEUA6bc2b8Yv8elYPKWx6RzgeWfSZzfp2DsqvVB7Z~pp6HbQ76iU0-ZsfLeAFQEOOgqVFXYOGZP5nqNX8R459ri7d6ukf-uU6wiz88duYWsyyzd2xLxfgQm3-x3lKCNs~iNY2F9NpPikqzP~5KcQp77~tqMD3cSfF1-xZbszDLpcO7OTewrUx-Aa2ASsYROsxHRR3z5cYxxDxP4gZc1VKYkLsshAEjEv-YgbNLwo-Kf7zrEpQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"THE_EVOLUTION_OF_GENETIC_COGNITION","translated_slug":"","page_count":20,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":56016406,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56016406/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"GenCog.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56016406/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"THE_EVOLUTION_OF_GENETIC_COGNITION.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56016406/GenCog-libre.pdf?1520672719=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTHE_EVOLUTION_OF_GENETIC_COGNITION.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=UFAYB4LlS3tyAACF5UvDQYXl2ryMrrJhL2qxU92JgaUpwXoH1Y5yj7TkSS5wdaOJ1wmNEkNMq5WpcrTaSatJCgsR7HJLu2VvWHXBkhEUA6bc2b8Yv8elYPKWx6RzgeWfSZzfp2DsqvVB7Z~pp6HbQ76iU0-ZsfLeAFQEOOgqVFXYOGZP5nqNX8R459ri7d6ukf-uU6wiz88duYWsyyzd2xLxfgQm3-x3lKCNs~iNY2F9NpPikqzP~5KcQp77~tqMD3cSfF1-xZbszDLpcO7OTewrUx-Aa2ASsYROsxHRR3z5cYxxDxP4gZc1VKYkLsshAEjEv-YgbNLwo-Kf7zrEpQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology"},{"id":4311,"name":"Evolution of Sexual Reproduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Sexual_Reproduction"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":15154,"name":"Evolution of Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Cognition"},{"id":214492,"name":"Evolvability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolvability"},{"id":569028,"name":"Genetic Recombination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Recombination"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="1520762" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="108326210"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/108326210/The_direction_of_evolution_the_rise_of_cooperative_organization"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The direction of evolution: the rise of cooperative organization" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/106740195/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/108326210/The_direction_of_evolution_the_rise_of_cooperative_organization">The direction of evolution: the rise of cooperative organization</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Bio Systems</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Two great trends are evident in the evolution of life on Earth: towards increasing diversificatio...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Two great trends are evident in the evolution of life on Earth: towards increasing diversification and towards increasing integration. Diversification has spread living processes across the planet, progressively increasing the range of environments and free energy sources exploited by life. Integration has proceeded through a stepwise process in which living entities at one level are integrated into cooperative groups that become larger-scale entities at the next level, and so on, producing cooperative organizations of increasing scale (for example, cooperative groups of simple cells gave rise to the more complex eukaryote cells, groups of these gave rise to multi-cellular organisms, and cooperative groups of these organisms produced animal societies). The trend towards increasing integration has continued during human evolution with the progressive increase in the scale of human groups and societies. The trends towards increasing diversification and integration are both driven by s...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="dfc73eb1a8306579ab541b324926e5fa" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":106740195,"asset_id":108326210,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/106740195/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="108326210"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="108326210"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 108326210; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=108326210]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=108326210]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 108326210; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='108326210']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 108326210, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "dfc73eb1a8306579ab541b324926e5fa" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=108326210]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":108326210,"title":"The direction of evolution: the rise of cooperative organization","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Two great trends are evident in the evolution of life on Earth: towards increasing diversification and towards increasing integration. Diversification has spread living processes across the planet, progressively increasing the range of environments and free energy sources exploited by life. Integration has proceeded through a stepwise process in which living entities at one level are integrated into cooperative groups that become larger-scale entities at the next level, and so on, producing cooperative organizations of increasing scale (for example, cooperative groups of simple cells gave rise to the more complex eukaryote cells, groups of these gave rise to multi-cellular organisms, and cooperative groups of these organisms produced animal societies). The trend towards increasing integration has continued during human evolution with the progressive increase in the scale of human groups and societies. The trends towards increasing diversification and integration are both driven by s...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2014,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Bio Systems"},"translated_abstract":"Two great trends are evident in the evolution of life on Earth: towards increasing diversification and towards increasing integration. Diversification has spread living processes across the planet, progressively increasing the range of environments and free energy sources exploited by life. Integration has proceeded through a stepwise process in which living entities at one level are integrated into cooperative groups that become larger-scale entities at the next level, and so on, producing cooperative organizations of increasing scale (for example, cooperative groups of simple cells gave rise to the more complex eukaryote cells, groups of these gave rise to multi-cellular organisms, and cooperative groups of these organisms produced animal societies). The trend towards increasing integration has continued during human evolution with the progressive increase in the scale of human groups and societies. The trends towards increasing diversification and integration are both driven by s...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/108326210/The_direction_of_evolution_the_rise_of_cooperative_organization","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-10-18T20:55:42.884-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":106740195,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/106740195/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"direction.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/106740195/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_direction_of_evolution_the_rise_of_c.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/106740195/direction-libre.pdf?1697689106=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_direction_of_evolution_the_rise_of_c.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=KCylwgsptjeN1StDYIS-4AzS4iw7YXx99ieXvKw3twRqGbC5-hbEKUOOf9I25GTKuhwn4w3ns6sG2i6tuRLMBYj~5mnfKGYhBl4xfuqxmMBEsVZZDmXjMvzy~xa5RZJAfdmuI8lVZPHzUUpjUWZnKgS72m2Gzfnp2RocIkd5VKqdOe8mWH0dHBqboLTpbfjlTXbg71k28XpUUS8RkedZrsUTCF17v4WsjiViGn-fEz5yfZDPQUMlAkV9lFhJi~mKVZR3DE34Mldz2XdU8fvoZOMEUSWx6DKcc5Fp59lJZEEAlVw76HDLR38Uj9~blcUoIMYmmJmxlMjCoqxrXBuEOA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_direction_of_evolution_the_rise_of_cooperative_organization","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":106740195,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/106740195/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"direction.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/106740195/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_direction_of_evolution_the_rise_of_c.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/106740195/direction-libre.pdf?1697689106=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_direction_of_evolution_the_rise_of_c.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=KCylwgsptjeN1StDYIS-4AzS4iw7YXx99ieXvKw3twRqGbC5-hbEKUOOf9I25GTKuhwn4w3ns6sG2i6tuRLMBYj~5mnfKGYhBl4xfuqxmMBEsVZZDmXjMvzy~xa5RZJAfdmuI8lVZPHzUUpjUWZnKgS72m2Gzfnp2RocIkd5VKqdOe8mWH0dHBqboLTpbfjlTXbg71k28XpUUS8RkedZrsUTCF17v4WsjiViGn-fEz5yfZDPQUMlAkV9lFhJi~mKVZR3DE34Mldz2XdU8fvoZOMEUSWx6DKcc5Fp59lJZEEAlVw76HDLR38Uj9~blcUoIMYmmJmxlMjCoqxrXBuEOA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"},{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science"},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology"},{"id":17825,"name":"Biodiversity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biodiversity"},{"id":20463,"name":"Bio-Inspired Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bio-Inspired_Systems"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals"},{"id":191815,"name":"Biological evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_evolution"},{"id":373754,"name":"Ecosystem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecosystem"},{"id":577933,"name":"Genetic variation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_variation"},{"id":693977,"name":"Exploit","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exploit"},{"id":771990,"name":"Eukaryotic Cells","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eukaryotic_Cells"},{"id":782619,"name":"Biosystems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biosystems"},{"id":1208706,"name":"Environment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environment"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86827592"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86827592/The_evolution_and_development_of_consciousness_the_subject_object_emergence_hypothesis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The evolution and development of consciousness: the subject-object emergence hypothesis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91194951/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86827592/The_evolution_and_development_of_consciousness_the_subject_object_emergence_hypothesis">The evolution and development of consciousness: the subject-object emergence hypothesis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Biosystems</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A strategy for investigating consciousness that has proven very productive has focused on compari...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A strategy for investigating consciousness that has proven very productive has focused on comparing brain processes that are accompanied by consciousness with processes that are not. But comparatively little attention has been given to a related strategy that promises to be even more fertile. This strategy exploits the fact that as individuals develop, new classes of brain processes can transition from operating 'in the dark' to becoming conscious. It has been suggested that these transitions occur when a new class of brain processes becomes object to a new, emergent, higher-level subject. Similar transitions are likely to have occurred during evolution. An evolutionary/developmental research strategy sets out to identify the nature of the transitions in brain processes that shift them from operating in the dark to 'lighting up'. The paper begins the application of this strategy by extrapolating the sequence of transitions back towards its origin. The goal is to reconstruct a minimally-complex, subject-object subsystem that would be capable of giving rise to consciousness and providing adaptive benefits. By focusing on reconstructing a subsystem that is simple and understandable, this approach avoids the homunculus fallacy. The reconstruction suggests that the emergence of such a minimally-complex subsystem was driven by its capacity to coordinate body-environment interactions in real time e.g. hand-eye coordination. Conscious processing emerged initially because of its central role in organising real-time sensorimotor coordination. The paper goes on to identify and examine a number of subsequent major transitions in consciousness, including the emergence of capacities for conscious mental modelling. Each transition is driven by its potential to solve adaptive challenges that cannot be overcome at lower levels. The paper argues that mental modelling arose out of a pre-existing capacity to use simulations of motor actions to anticipate the consequences of the actions. As the capacity developed, elements of the simulations could be changed, and the consequences of these changes could be 'thought through' consciously. This enabled alternative motor responses to be evaluated. The paper goes on to predict significant new major transitions in consciousness.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="68aec334e7615665c9492350c55026c6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":91194951,"asset_id":86827592,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91194951/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86827592"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86827592"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86827592; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86827592]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86827592]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86827592; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86827592']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 86827592, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "68aec334e7615665c9492350c55026c6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86827592]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86827592,"title":"The evolution and development of consciousness: the subject-object emergence hypothesis","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2022.104687","abstract":"A strategy for investigating consciousness that has proven very productive has focused on comparing brain processes that are accompanied by consciousness with processes that are not. But comparatively little attention has been given to a related strategy that promises to be even more fertile. This strategy exploits the fact that as individuals develop, new classes of brain processes can transition from operating 'in the dark' to becoming conscious. It has been suggested that these transitions occur when a new class of brain processes becomes object to a new, emergent, higher-level subject. Similar transitions are likely to have occurred during evolution. An evolutionary/developmental research strategy sets out to identify the nature of the transitions in brain processes that shift them from operating in the dark to 'lighting up'. The paper begins the application of this strategy by extrapolating the sequence of transitions back towards its origin. The goal is to reconstruct a minimally-complex, subject-object subsystem that would be capable of giving rise to consciousness and providing adaptive benefits. By focusing on reconstructing a subsystem that is simple and understandable, this approach avoids the homunculus fallacy. The reconstruction suggests that the emergence of such a minimally-complex subsystem was driven by its capacity to coordinate body-environment interactions in real time e.g. hand-eye coordination. Conscious processing emerged initially because of its central role in organising real-time sensorimotor coordination. The paper goes on to identify and examine a number of subsequent major transitions in consciousness, including the emergence of capacities for conscious mental modelling. Each transition is driven by its potential to solve adaptive challenges that cannot be overcome at lower levels. The paper argues that mental modelling arose out of a pre-existing capacity to use simulations of motor actions to anticipate the consequences of the actions. As the capacity developed, elements of the simulations could be changed, and the consequences of these changes could be 'thought through' consciously. This enabled alternative motor responses to be evaluated. The paper goes on to predict significant new major transitions in consciousness.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Biosystems"},"translated_abstract":"A strategy for investigating consciousness that has proven very productive has focused on comparing brain processes that are accompanied by consciousness with processes that are not. But comparatively little attention has been given to a related strategy that promises to be even more fertile. This strategy exploits the fact that as individuals develop, new classes of brain processes can transition from operating 'in the dark' to becoming conscious. It has been suggested that these transitions occur when a new class of brain processes becomes object to a new, emergent, higher-level subject. Similar transitions are likely to have occurred during evolution. An evolutionary/developmental research strategy sets out to identify the nature of the transitions in brain processes that shift them from operating in the dark to 'lighting up'. The paper begins the application of this strategy by extrapolating the sequence of transitions back towards its origin. The goal is to reconstruct a minimally-complex, subject-object subsystem that would be capable of giving rise to consciousness and providing adaptive benefits. By focusing on reconstructing a subsystem that is simple and understandable, this approach avoids the homunculus fallacy. The reconstruction suggests that the emergence of such a minimally-complex subsystem was driven by its capacity to coordinate body-environment interactions in real time e.g. hand-eye coordination. Conscious processing emerged initially because of its central role in organising real-time sensorimotor coordination. The paper goes on to identify and examine a number of subsequent major transitions in consciousness, including the emergence of capacities for conscious mental modelling. Each transition is driven by its potential to solve adaptive challenges that cannot be overcome at lower levels. The paper argues that mental modelling arose out of a pre-existing capacity to use simulations of motor actions to anticipate the consequences of the actions. As the capacity developed, elements of the simulations could be changed, and the consequences of these changes could be 'thought through' consciously. This enabled alternative motor responses to be evaluated. The paper goes on to predict significant new major transitions in consciousness.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86827592/The_evolution_and_development_of_consciousness_the_subject_object_emergence_hypothesis","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-18T00:26:45.488-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":91194951,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91194951/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Final_published_paper_1_s2.0_S0303264722000752_main.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91194951/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_evolution_and_development_of_conscio.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/91194951/Final_published_paper_1_s2.0_S0303264722000752_main-libre.pdf?1663487677=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_evolution_and_development_of_conscio.pdf\u0026Expires=1732271417\u0026Signature=c6P6gYF2ApRT~RkwVoVKa02IaQF1rmK0AN~8lVsR0zkT0e8aF6qioI88kh~T-KkKEAdsfN2ikF4~M~5nyT8labjrZTnSjX4NQWFCyVJ3JZhe6EUeSZA6Vw8r1OWHwx~qYCKla13Xb~ROKdH-TjOYrd9w5JLLQwI3Frq82wtWsb9PBWuVeCi40Q0DeC4014AtD9eYCNOL3kkLGL4P~4nJ9dFO~-FwmUOXOa6jXTqW4fNJTTKaefnX1py9pBI58l7s0agYwvVW5l1d2OyfIe6TAgFj0p9PGXcmrdTBr57ORqM-WnN66ludEcpNw-KWZhGObZxefERryWj2gkTTwrndIg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_evolution_and_development_of_consciousness_the_subject_object_emergence_hypothesis","translated_slug":"","page_count":16,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":91194951,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91194951/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Final_published_paper_1_s2.0_S0303264722000752_main.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91194951/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_evolution_and_development_of_conscio.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/91194951/Final_published_paper_1_s2.0_S0303264722000752_main-libre.pdf?1663487677=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_evolution_and_development_of_conscio.pdf\u0026Expires=1732271417\u0026Signature=c6P6gYF2ApRT~RkwVoVKa02IaQF1rmK0AN~8lVsR0zkT0e8aF6qioI88kh~T-KkKEAdsfN2ikF4~M~5nyT8labjrZTnSjX4NQWFCyVJ3JZhe6EUeSZA6Vw8r1OWHwx~qYCKla13Xb~ROKdH-TjOYrd9w5JLLQwI3Frq82wtWsb9PBWuVeCi40Q0DeC4014AtD9eYCNOL3kkLGL4P~4nJ9dFO~-FwmUOXOa6jXTqW4fNJTTKaefnX1py9pBI58l7s0agYwvVW5l1d2OyfIe6TAgFj0p9PGXcmrdTBr57ORqM-WnN66ludEcpNw-KWZhGObZxefERryWj2gkTTwrndIg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":236,"name":"Cognitive Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Psychology"},{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science"},{"id":806,"name":"Philosophy of Mind","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind"},{"id":2055,"name":"Consciousness (Psychology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consciousness_Psychology_"},{"id":4583,"name":"Child Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child_Development"},{"id":5768,"name":"Adolescent Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent_Development"},{"id":9040,"name":"Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consciousness"},{"id":20545,"name":"Evolutionary Epistemology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Epistemology"},{"id":40633,"name":"Consciousness Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consciousness_Studies"},{"id":90905,"name":"Phenomenal Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phenomenal_Consciousness"},{"id":111330,"name":"Philosophy of Mind (the hard problem of consciousness)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind_the_hard_problem_of_consciousness_"},{"id":399075,"name":"Philosophy of mind Free will and Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_mind_Free_will_and_Consciousness"},{"id":449151,"name":"Adult Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult_Development"},{"id":559764,"name":"Philsophy of Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philsophy_of_Science"},{"id":983429,"name":"Philosophy of Mind and Artificial Intelligence \u0026 AI","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind_and_Artificial_Intelligence_and_AI"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77829049"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77829049/Evolutionary_Possibilities_Can_a_Society_Be_Constrained_So_That_The_Good_Self_Organizes"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Evolutionary Possibilities: Can a Society Be Constrained So That 'The Good' Self-Organizes" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/85086554/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77829049/Evolutionary_Possibilities_Can_a_Society_Be_Constrained_So_That_The_Good_Self_Organizes">Evolutionary Possibilities: Can a Society Be Constrained So That 'The Good' Self-Organizes</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>World Futures</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Is it possible to constrain a human society in such a way that self-organization will thereafter ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Is it possible to constrain a human society in such a way that self-organization will thereafter tend to produce outcomes that advance the goals of the society? Such a society would be self-organizing in the sense that individuals who pursue only their own interests would none-the-less act in the interests of the society as a whole, irrespective of any intention to do so. This paper identifies the conditions that must be met if such a selforganizing society is to emerge. It demonstrates that the key enabling requirement for a selforganizing society is 'consequence-capture'. Broadly this means that all agents in the society must capture sufficient of the benefits (and harms) that are produced by the impact of their actions on the goals of the society. 'Consequence-capture' can be organized in a society by appropriate management (systems of evolvable constraints) that suppress free riders and support pro-social actions. In human societies these constraints include institutions such as systems of governance and social norms. The paper identifies ways of organizing societies so that effective governance will also self-organize. This will produce a fully self-organizing society in which the interests of all agents (including individuals, associations, firms, multinational corporations, political organizations, institutions and governments) are aligned with the interests of the society as a whole.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="490d810ccdb185b128c6cb8bf4bf037e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":85086554,"asset_id":77829049,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85086554/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77829049"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77829049"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77829049; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77829049]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77829049]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77829049; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77829049']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77829049, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "490d810ccdb185b128c6cb8bf4bf037e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77829049]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77829049,"title":"Evolutionary Possibilities: Can a Society Be Constrained So That 'The Good' Self-Organizes","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1080/02604027.2017.1357985","issue":"1","volume":"74","abstract":"Is it possible to constrain a human society in such a way that self-organization will thereafter tend to produce outcomes that advance the goals of the society? Such a society would be self-organizing in the sense that individuals who pursue only their own interests would none-the-less act in the interests of the society as a whole, irrespective of any intention to do so. This paper identifies the conditions that must be met if such a selforganizing society is to emerge. It demonstrates that the key enabling requirement for a selforganizing society is 'consequence-capture'. Broadly this means that all agents in the society must capture sufficient of the benefits (and harms) that are produced by the impact of their actions on the goals of the society. 'Consequence-capture' can be organized in a society by appropriate management (systems of evolvable constraints) that suppress free riders and support pro-social actions. In human societies these constraints include institutions such as systems of governance and social norms. The paper identifies ways of organizing societies so that effective governance will also self-organize. This will produce a fully self-organizing society in which the interests of all agents (including individuals, associations, firms, multinational corporations, political organizations, institutions and governments) are aligned with the interests of the society as a whole.","page_numbers":"1-35","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"World Futures"},"translated_abstract":"Is it possible to constrain a human society in such a way that self-organization will thereafter tend to produce outcomes that advance the goals of the society? Such a society would be self-organizing in the sense that individuals who pursue only their own interests would none-the-less act in the interests of the society as a whole, irrespective of any intention to do so. This paper identifies the conditions that must be met if such a selforganizing society is to emerge. It demonstrates that the key enabling requirement for a selforganizing society is 'consequence-capture'. Broadly this means that all agents in the society must capture sufficient of the benefits (and harms) that are produced by the impact of their actions on the goals of the society. 'Consequence-capture' can be organized in a society by appropriate management (systems of evolvable constraints) that suppress free riders and support pro-social actions. In human societies these constraints include institutions such as systems of governance and social norms. The paper identifies ways of organizing societies so that effective governance will also self-organize. This will produce a fully self-organizing society in which the interests of all agents (including individuals, associations, firms, multinational corporations, political organizations, institutions and governments) are aligned with the interests of the society as a whole.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77829049/Evolutionary_Possibilities_Can_a_Society_Be_Constrained_So_That_The_Good_Self_Organizes","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-04-27T19:53:03.021-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":85086554,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/85086554/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"SelfOrganizeGoodPrePrint.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85086554/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Evolutionary_Possibilities_Can_a_Society.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/85086554/SelfOrganizeGoodPrePrint-libre.pdf?1651115201=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEvolutionary_Possibilities_Can_a_Society.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=Mv0alkvx2OnA97wdMCviIx8vt-9pBqARzWC1ItJFPmndtRHHQpXg7R8L3o3kI0wOLNx3720garACuD8w0ZHsJV3L2ZmSmOIwQGWVRv3uFTxzAGyUM130t6JDAwvTrGOnNJLufvP9T9cgBbzuOxViI73ApI~MMW8~uryiUKoZSGMQ71kz~-AnZsLvsN72Sfo7fNH4Frkz2ZoTduGWfOcNprfjP9uUtpUnBbTpFzTTz5p1~39mdIlDrKDxFTYyvJLncFCO~dWA2DsasKPVofdzrOYJh6HTZkjY9zd8T~~lkrAa1JVPFOGfw7EVxFHZc3Qg-WKCANbVA90kpfxmTUm-Hw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Evolutionary_Possibilities_Can_a_Society_Be_Constrained_So_That_The_Good_Self_Organizes","translated_slug":"","page_count":35,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":85086554,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/85086554/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"SelfOrganizeGoodPrePrint.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85086554/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Evolutionary_Possibilities_Can_a_Society.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/85086554/SelfOrganizeGoodPrePrint-libre.pdf?1651115201=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEvolutionary_Possibilities_Can_a_Society.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=Mv0alkvx2OnA97wdMCviIx8vt-9pBqARzWC1ItJFPmndtRHHQpXg7R8L3o3kI0wOLNx3720garACuD8w0ZHsJV3L2ZmSmOIwQGWVRv3uFTxzAGyUM130t6JDAwvTrGOnNJLufvP9T9cgBbzuOxViI73ApI~MMW8~uryiUKoZSGMQ71kz~-AnZsLvsN72Sfo7fNH4Frkz2ZoTduGWfOcNprfjP9uUtpUnBbTpFzTTz5p1~39mdIlDrKDxFTYyvJLncFCO~dWA2DsasKPVofdzrOYJh6HTZkjY9zd8T~~lkrAa1JVPFOGfw7EVxFHZc3Qg-WKCANbVA90kpfxmTUm-Hw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":201,"name":"Political Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Sociology"},{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics"},{"id":731,"name":"Evolutionary Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Economics"},{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":802,"name":"Political Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Economy"},{"id":813,"name":"Political Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Philosophy"},{"id":1696,"name":"Political Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theory"},{"id":1701,"name":"Evolutionary algorithms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_algorithms"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science"},{"id":6276,"name":"International Political Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Political_Economy"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":11096,"name":"Cultural Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Evolution"},{"id":24440,"name":"Long Term Evolution (LTE)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Long_Term_Evolution_LTE_"},{"id":33713,"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_and_Human_Behavior"},{"id":53844,"name":"Evolutionary theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_theory"},{"id":1723635,"name":"Public Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Policy"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="40572017"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/40572017/The_Maintenance_of_Sex"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Maintenance of Sex" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/61077379/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/40572017/The_Maintenance_of_Sex">The Maintenance of Sex</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Evolutionary Theory</span><span>, 1993</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Asexual reproduction theoretically has a high (up to two-fold) fitness advantage over sexual repr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Asexual reproduction theoretically has a high (up to two-fold) fitness advantage over sexual reproduction. Yet displacement of sexual populations by asexual clones that arise from them is rare. Previous explanations of this have given only limited consideration to the effects of the environmental changes cause by the growth of the asexual clone itself, with its significantly higher per capita birth rate of females. These changes might initially reduce the adaptedness of both the clone and the sexual population. However, the sexual population has a greater potential than the clone to adapt to the environmental changes, and improve its fitness relative to the clone. The strength of this selection favouring the maintenance of sex should be greater for species that are specialised members of saturated, stable communities. This prediction is consistent with the ecology of sex. Significantly, these processes can account for the maintenance of sex in populations that do not continually encounter selective environmental variety. This contrasts with the main previous ecological explanations which require the perpetual operation of intense selection associated with spatial and/or temporal heterogeneity, even in stable or predictable habitats.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5558d7c8f349480411e5eee16c52cde7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":61077379,"asset_id":40572017,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61077379/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="40572017"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40572017"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40572017; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40572017]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40572017]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40572017; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='40572017']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40572017, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "5558d7c8f349480411e5eee16c52cde7" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=40572017]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":40572017,"title":"The Maintenance of Sex","translated_title":"","metadata":{"issue":"September","volume":"195","abstract":"Asexual reproduction theoretically has a high (up to two-fold) fitness advantage over sexual reproduction. Yet displacement of sexual populations by asexual clones that arise from them is rare. Previous explanations of this have given only limited consideration to the effects of the environmental changes cause by the growth of the asexual clone itself, with its significantly higher per capita birth rate of females. These changes might initially reduce the adaptedness of both the clone and the sexual population. However, the sexual population has a greater potential than the clone to adapt to the environmental changes, and improve its fitness relative to the clone. The strength of this selection favouring the maintenance of sex should be greater for species that are specialised members of saturated, stable communities. This prediction is consistent with the ecology of sex. Significantly, these processes can account for the maintenance of sex in populations that do not continually encounter selective environmental variety. This contrasts with the main previous ecological explanations which require the perpetual operation of intense selection associated with spatial and/or temporal heterogeneity, even in stable or predictable habitats.","page_numbers":"195-202","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1993,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Evolutionary Theory"},"translated_abstract":"Asexual reproduction theoretically has a high (up to two-fold) fitness advantage over sexual reproduction. Yet displacement of sexual populations by asexual clones that arise from them is rare. Previous explanations of this have given only limited consideration to the effects of the environmental changes cause by the growth of the asexual clone itself, with its significantly higher per capita birth rate of females. These changes might initially reduce the adaptedness of both the clone and the sexual population. However, the sexual population has a greater potential than the clone to adapt to the environmental changes, and improve its fitness relative to the clone. The strength of this selection favouring the maintenance of sex should be greater for species that are specialised members of saturated, stable communities. This prediction is consistent with the ecology of sex. Significantly, these processes can account for the maintenance of sex in populations that do not continually encounter selective environmental variety. This contrasts with the main previous ecological explanations which require the perpetual operation of intense selection associated with spatial and/or temporal heterogeneity, even in stable or predictable habitats.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/40572017/The_Maintenance_of_Sex","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2019-10-09T14:49:32.899-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61077379,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/61077379/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Maintenance_of_Sex.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61077379/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Maintenance_of_Sex.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/61077379/Maintenance_of_Sex-libre.pdf?1572515556=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Maintenance_of_Sex.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=UOimdPgr1n~YLBwjYjtjpGnrJVtojyH5gnLPcF5m9nudowGgdJpCu17Z7kL28yPsW4-fh568-8N9UJOIy2WRi-NGj-Rx323WMwLM0cFi1uz9IKSfxB-DRtY7s-prT1hci1kix~XNVtd92--iiZ5hBbEQ3RgcWaLF829T9VfPQXDtM12HaUjyhL91RJsG7fgDC5yy~NmrSdN2SalV-txn6~fxURs7W5K7D1koHt1KbFd2kS9iMxhyjeWsSZbE0YjVjnj6PzwfShuy7cNKA9nxR2DG2-ss277a~n0iB5DTEJG6n6KhCyuzmmMcbnvIsRrsRaYdS2-RadoY2qMhMCNv8Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_Maintenance_of_Sex","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":61077379,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/61077379/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Maintenance_of_Sex.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61077379/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Maintenance_of_Sex.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/61077379/Maintenance_of_Sex-libre.pdf?1572515556=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Maintenance_of_Sex.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=UOimdPgr1n~YLBwjYjtjpGnrJVtojyH5gnLPcF5m9nudowGgdJpCu17Z7kL28yPsW4-fh568-8N9UJOIy2WRi-NGj-Rx323WMwLM0cFi1uz9IKSfxB-DRtY7s-prT1hci1kix~XNVtd92--iiZ5hBbEQ3RgcWaLF829T9VfPQXDtM12HaUjyhL91RJsG7fgDC5yy~NmrSdN2SalV-txn6~fxURs7W5K7D1koHt1KbFd2kS9iMxhyjeWsSZbE0YjVjnj6PzwfShuy7cNKA9nxR2DG2-ss277a~n0iB5DTEJG6n6KhCyuzmmMcbnvIsRrsRaYdS2-RadoY2qMhMCNv8Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology"},{"id":4311,"name":"Evolution of Sexual Reproduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Sexual_Reproduction"},{"id":13815,"name":"Evolution Of Recombination (Sex)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_Of_Recombination_Sex_"},{"id":820563,"name":"Evolution and Maintenace of sex","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_and_Maintenace_of_sex"},{"id":1010684,"name":"Evolution of Sex","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Sex"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39697709"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/39697709/The_Trajectory_of_Evolution_and_Its_Implications_for_Humanity"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Trajectory of Evolution and Its Implications for Humanity" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59868477/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39697709/The_Trajectory_of_Evolution_and_Its_Implications_for_Humanity">The Trajectory of Evolution and Its Implications for Humanity</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>John E stewart</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Does the Big History of life on Earth disclose a trajectory that has been driven by selection? If...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Does the Big History of life on Earth disclose a trajectory that has been driven by selection? If so, will the trajectory continue to apply into the future? This paper argues that such a trajectory exists, and examines some of its key implications. The most important consequence is that humanity can use the trajectory to guide how it evolves and adapts into the future. This is because the trajectory identifies a sequence of adaptations that will be favoured by selection. If humanity intentionally evolves its social systems and psychological capacities so that they follow the trajectory, humanity can avoid negative selection and instead survive and thrive indefinitely into the future. This would enable humanity to make a positive contribution to the future evolution of life in the universe. But it turns out that immediate selection will not drive the evolution of life on Earth further along this trajectory. Instead, intentional action by humanity is necessary. It is as if the evolution of life on any planet is a developmental process that has a very unusual characteristic: evolution will continue to develop successfully beyond a certain point only if it produces a sentient organism that: (i) awakens to the possibility it is embedded in a developing process; (ii) realizes that this developing process will continue successfully only if it chooses to intentionally drive the process forward; and (iii) commits to doing whatever is necessary to achieve this. On this planet, humanity is that sentient organism. The existence of such a key evolutionary role for humanity is capable of providing humanity with meaning and purpose in a larger scheme of things. For individuals who commit to driving the process forward, the nature of the trajectory has immediate consequences for what they should do with their lives, here and now.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d69eab0d9670812e07ddc37df73d412d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59868477,"asset_id":39697709,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59868477/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39697709"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39697709"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39697709; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39697709]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39697709]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39697709; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39697709']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39697709, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d69eab0d9670812e07ddc37df73d412d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39697709]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39697709,"title":"The Trajectory of Evolution and Its Implications for Humanity","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.22339/jbh.v3i3.3380","abstract":"Does the Big History of life on Earth disclose a trajectory that has been driven by selection? If so, will the trajectory continue to apply into the future? This paper argues that such a trajectory exists, and examines some of its key implications. The most important consequence is that humanity can use the trajectory to guide how it evolves and adapts into the future. This is because the trajectory identifies a sequence of adaptations that will be favoured by selection. If humanity intentionally evolves its social systems and psychological capacities so that they follow the trajectory, humanity can avoid negative selection and instead survive and thrive indefinitely into the future. This would enable humanity to make a positive contribution to the future evolution of life in the universe. But it turns out that immediate selection will not drive the evolution of life on Earth further along this trajectory. Instead, intentional action by humanity is necessary. It is as if the evolution of life on any planet is a developmental process that has a very unusual characteristic: evolution will continue to develop successfully beyond a certain point only if it produces a sentient organism that: (i) awakens to the possibility it is embedded in a developing process; (ii) realizes that this developing process will continue successfully only if it chooses to intentionally drive the process forward; and (iii) commits to doing whatever is necessary to achieve this. On this planet, humanity is that sentient organism. The existence of such a key evolutionary role for humanity is capable of providing humanity with meaning and purpose in a larger scheme of things. For individuals who commit to driving the process forward, the nature of the trajectory has immediate consequences for what they should do with their lives, here and now.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"John E stewart"},"translated_abstract":"Does the Big History of life on Earth disclose a trajectory that has been driven by selection? If so, will the trajectory continue to apply into the future? This paper argues that such a trajectory exists, and examines some of its key implications. The most important consequence is that humanity can use the trajectory to guide how it evolves and adapts into the future. This is because the trajectory identifies a sequence of adaptations that will be favoured by selection. If humanity intentionally evolves its social systems and psychological capacities so that they follow the trajectory, humanity can avoid negative selection and instead survive and thrive indefinitely into the future. This would enable humanity to make a positive contribution to the future evolution of life in the universe. But it turns out that immediate selection will not drive the evolution of life on Earth further along this trajectory. Instead, intentional action by humanity is necessary. It is as if the evolution of life on any planet is a developmental process that has a very unusual characteristic: evolution will continue to develop successfully beyond a certain point only if it produces a sentient organism that: (i) awakens to the possibility it is embedded in a developing process; (ii) realizes that this developing process will continue successfully only if it chooses to intentionally drive the process forward; and (iii) commits to doing whatever is necessary to achieve this. On this planet, humanity is that sentient organism. The existence of such a key evolutionary role for humanity is capable of providing humanity with meaning and purpose in a larger scheme of things. For individuals who commit to driving the process forward, the nature of the trajectory has immediate consequences for what they should do with their lives, here and now.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/39697709/The_Trajectory_of_Evolution_and_Its_Implications_for_Humanity","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2019-06-26T00:06:13.691-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":32766808,"work_id":39697709,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":1719943,"co_author_invite_id":6866647,"email":"f***n@gmail.com","affiliation":"Free University of Brussels","display_order":1,"name":"John E Stewart","title":"The Trajectory of Evolution and Its Implications for Humanity"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59868477,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59868477/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Published_paper20190626-79088-1lx2gk9.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59868477/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Trajectory_of_Evolution_and_Its_Impl.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59868477/Published_paper20190626-79088-1lx2gk9-libre.pdf?1561533618=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Trajectory_of_Evolution_and_Its_Impl.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=UJ3Re71TB6kM4WKf0IDQpg3krH7g8kIjhuAfvNMfjuR78S7o~11biNDuuULtAW6QGOKEbB2~BczVE9ikH5SasKiBamvF~ISNnMs7S6-ebUmJqH68Zh38mq~ejTBG2AJvdkuwVYM~cFpvdviSeqtDli26emOF0BckVtsPj6ZXG~Ob-VXKafRxX1XX4E2l3l6IXd6oINhRIcD044eh~rEfLq6letZzIbOB44J199IDsRssmXtEfGTfwhT8HfQ9wz9f0aQsQy9HfDSG5UTDSw7eFPAdL9gn6wJVFO-bqnPkuThJyoxLHZa6MtJaYW1ujMpKjZZeI78tyZjHyoytORr~jg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_Trajectory_of_Evolution_and_Its_Implications_for_Humanity","translated_slug":"","page_count":16,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":59868477,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59868477/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Published_paper20190626-79088-1lx2gk9.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59868477/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Trajectory_of_Evolution_and_Its_Impl.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59868477/Published_paper20190626-79088-1lx2gk9-libre.pdf?1561533618=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Trajectory_of_Evolution_and_Its_Impl.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=UJ3Re71TB6kM4WKf0IDQpg3krH7g8kIjhuAfvNMfjuR78S7o~11biNDuuULtAW6QGOKEbB2~BczVE9ikH5SasKiBamvF~ISNnMs7S6-ebUmJqH68Zh38mq~ejTBG2AJvdkuwVYM~cFpvdviSeqtDli26emOF0BckVtsPj6ZXG~Ob-VXKafRxX1XX4E2l3l6IXd6oINhRIcD044eh~rEfLq6letZzIbOB44J199IDsRssmXtEfGTfwhT8HfQ9wz9f0aQsQy9HfDSG5UTDSw7eFPAdL9gn6wJVFO-bqnPkuThJyoxLHZa6MtJaYW1ujMpKjZZeI78tyZjHyoytORr~jg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology"},{"id":196,"name":"Future Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Future_Studies"},{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":1439,"name":"Globalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Globalization"},{"id":3660,"name":"Global Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Governance"},{"id":6694,"name":"Global Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Studies"},{"id":7610,"name":"Evolutionary Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Anthropology"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":11096,"name":"Cultural Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Evolution"},{"id":13334,"name":"Global History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_History"},{"id":19741,"name":"Big History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Big_History"},{"id":24440,"name":"Long Term Evolution (LTE)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Long_Term_Evolution_LTE_"},{"id":32317,"name":"Futures and Options","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Futures_and_Options"},{"id":33713,"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_and_Human_Behavior"},{"id":36260,"name":"Futures Studies and Foresight","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Futures_Studies_and_Foresight"},{"id":45405,"name":"Global Warming","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Warming"},{"id":46519,"name":"Future","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Future"},{"id":73676,"name":"Cultural Globalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Globalization"},{"id":562371,"name":"Global Economic Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Economic_Governance-1"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="37172343"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/37172343/The_Origins_of_Life_The_Managed_Metabolism_Hypothesis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Origins of Life: The Managed-Metabolism Hypothesis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57227394/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/37172343/The_Origins_of_Life_The_Managed_Metabolism_Hypothesis">The Origins of Life: The Managed-Metabolism Hypothesis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Foundations of Science</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The ‘managed-metabolism’ hypothesis suggests that a ‘cooperation barrier’ must be overcome if sel...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The ‘managed-metabolism’ hypothesis suggests that a ‘cooperation barrier’ must be overcome if self-producing chemical organizations are to undergo the transition from non-life to life. This dynamical barrier prevents un-managed autocatalytic networks of molecular species from individuating into complex, cooperative organizations. The barrier arises because molecular species that could otherwise make significant cooperative contributions to the success of an organization will often not be supported within the organization, and because side reactions and other ‘free-riding’ processes will undermine cooperation. As a result, the barrier seriously impedes the emergence of individuality, complex functionality and the transition to life. This barrier is analogous to the cooperation barrier that also impedes the emergence of complex cooperation at all levels of living organization. As has been shown at other levels of organization, the barrier can be overcome comprehensively by appropriate ‘management’. Management implements a system of evolvable constraints that can overcome the cooperation barrier by ensuring that beneficial co-operators are supported within the organization and by suppressing free-riders. In this way, management can control and manipulate the chemical processes of a collectively autocatalytic organization, producing novel processes that serve the interests of the organization as a whole and that could not arise and persist in an un-managed chemical organization. Management self-organizes because it is able to capture some of the benefits that are produced when its interventions promote cooperation, thereby enhancing productivity. Selection will therefore favour the emergence of managers that take over and manage chemical organizations so as to overcome the cooperation barrier. The managed-metabolism hypothesis demonstrates that if management is to overcome the cooperation barrier comprehensively, its interventions must be digitally coded. In this way, the hypothesis accounts for the two-tiered structure of all living cells in which a digitally-coded genetic apparatus manages an analogically-informed metabolism.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d2ee146ada78fe23e7996591f8aae735" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":57227394,"asset_id":37172343,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57227394/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="37172343"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37172343"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37172343; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37172343]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37172343]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37172343; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='37172343']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37172343, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d2ee146ada78fe23e7996591f8aae735" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=37172343]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":37172343,"title":"The Origins of Life: The Managed-Metabolism Hypothesis","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1007/s10699-018-9563-1","abstract":"The ‘managed-metabolism’ hypothesis suggests that a ‘cooperation barrier’ must be overcome if self-producing chemical organizations are to undergo the transition from non-life to life. This dynamical barrier prevents un-managed autocatalytic networks of molecular species from individuating into complex, cooperative organizations. The barrier arises because molecular species that could otherwise make significant cooperative contributions to the success of an organization will often not be supported within the organization, and because side reactions and other ‘free-riding’ processes will undermine cooperation. As a result, the barrier seriously impedes the emergence of individuality, complex functionality and the transition to life. This barrier is analogous to the cooperation barrier that also impedes the emergence of complex cooperation at all levels of living organization. As has been shown at other levels of organization, the barrier can be overcome comprehensively by appropriate ‘management’. Management implements a system of evolvable constraints that can overcome the cooperation barrier by ensuring that beneficial co-operators are supported within the organization and by suppressing free-riders. In this way, management can control and manipulate the chemical processes of a collectively autocatalytic organization, producing novel processes that serve the interests of the organization as a whole and that could not arise and persist in an un-managed chemical organization. Management self-organizes because it is able to capture some of the benefits that are produced when its interventions promote cooperation, thereby enhancing productivity. Selection will therefore favour the emergence of managers that take over and manage chemical organizations so as to overcome the cooperation barrier. The managed-metabolism hypothesis demonstrates that if management is to overcome the cooperation barrier comprehensively, its interventions must be digitally coded. In this way, the hypothesis accounts for the two-tiered structure of all living cells in which a digitally-coded genetic apparatus manages an analogically-informed metabolism.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Foundations of Science"},"translated_abstract":"The ‘managed-metabolism’ hypothesis suggests that a ‘cooperation barrier’ must be overcome if self-producing chemical organizations are to undergo the transition from non-life to life. This dynamical barrier prevents un-managed autocatalytic networks of molecular species from individuating into complex, cooperative organizations. The barrier arises because molecular species that could otherwise make significant cooperative contributions to the success of an organization will often not be supported within the organization, and because side reactions and other ‘free-riding’ processes will undermine cooperation. As a result, the barrier seriously impedes the emergence of individuality, complex functionality and the transition to life. This barrier is analogous to the cooperation barrier that also impedes the emergence of complex cooperation at all levels of living organization. As has been shown at other levels of organization, the barrier can be overcome comprehensively by appropriate ‘management’. Management implements a system of evolvable constraints that can overcome the cooperation barrier by ensuring that beneficial co-operators are supported within the organization and by suppressing free-riders. In this way, management can control and manipulate the chemical processes of a collectively autocatalytic organization, producing novel processes that serve the interests of the organization as a whole and that could not arise and persist in an un-managed chemical organization. Management self-organizes because it is able to capture some of the benefits that are produced when its interventions promote cooperation, thereby enhancing productivity. Selection will therefore favour the emergence of managers that take over and manage chemical organizations so as to overcome the cooperation barrier. The managed-metabolism hypothesis demonstrates that if management is to overcome the cooperation barrier comprehensively, its interventions must be digitally coded. In this way, the hypothesis accounts for the two-tiered structure of all living cells in which a digitally-coded genetic apparatus manages an analogically-informed metabolism.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37172343/The_Origins_of_Life_The_Managed_Metabolism_Hypothesis","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-08-02T19:02:54.787-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57227394,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57227394/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stewart2018_Article_TheOriginsOfLifeTheManaged-Met.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57227394/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Origins_of_Life_The_Managed_Metaboli.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/57227394/Stewart2018_Article_TheOriginsOfLifeTheManaged-Met-libre.pdf?1534916165=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Origins_of_Life_The_Managed_Metaboli.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=YP-ZC3oNDa29cUuMKP-0LF1IbooL2E4C3CHgmbdbWcEcF5lTdjTujheQo40A-1klHZ9xf71hxjF8~yjb38BkAkOoqFWTYNAT15s6DEyvJoiylj5gg3YtNCepadumnJl4UV1ORUbRgXfusQCkiPKX2EC81uEBdZGxSo-4Mmpnxx8I36CjLvrVrFZXwrMlt~zEX1SlJNPgOidpCnzxs35KH-mxe38WJTiXiS~KfyghhPTshe4Ib-40uUcnQKSGFWcaI2YnC-VC-uox-laphDjHgjeKT4t8GN6yQ~xwaVAmu6tk~opA4PUIZQg7mKQg8DXNr6HUFyADTN489PeyiQ0vRA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_Origins_of_Life_The_Managed_Metabolism_Hypothesis","translated_slug":"","page_count":25,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":57227394,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57227394/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stewart2018_Article_TheOriginsOfLifeTheManaged-Met.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57227394/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Origins_of_Life_The_Managed_Metaboli.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/57227394/Stewart2018_Article_TheOriginsOfLifeTheManaged-Met-libre.pdf?1534916165=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Origins_of_Life_The_Managed_Metaboli.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=YP-ZC3oNDa29cUuMKP-0LF1IbooL2E4C3CHgmbdbWcEcF5lTdjTujheQo40A-1klHZ9xf71hxjF8~yjb38BkAkOoqFWTYNAT15s6DEyvJoiylj5gg3YtNCepadumnJl4UV1ORUbRgXfusQCkiPKX2EC81uEBdZGxSo-4Mmpnxx8I36CjLvrVrFZXwrMlt~zEX1SlJNPgOidpCnzxs35KH-mxe38WJTiXiS~KfyghhPTshe4Ib-40uUcnQKSGFWcaI2YnC-VC-uox-laphDjHgjeKT4t8GN6yQ~xwaVAmu6tk~opA4PUIZQg7mKQg8DXNr6HUFyADTN489PeyiQ0vRA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3701,"name":"RNA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RNA"},{"id":4315,"name":"Origins of Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_of_Life"},{"id":29827,"name":"Abiogenesis-Biogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abiogenesis-Biogenesis"},{"id":137179,"name":"Origin of Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origin_of_Life"},{"id":353527,"name":"Protocells","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protocells"},{"id":1420114,"name":"Reflexively Autocatalytic and Food Generated Sets of Molecules","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reflexively_Autocatalytic_and_Food_Generated_Sets_of_Molecules"}],"urls":[{"id":8557500,"url":"http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10699-018-9563-1"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36214733"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36214733/THE_EVOLUTIONARY_SIGNIFICANCE_OF_SPIRITUAL_DEVELOPMENT"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of THE EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE OF SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56116759/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36214733/THE_EVOLUTIONARY_SIGNIFICANCE_OF_SPIRITUAL_DEVELOPMENT">THE EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE OF SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Adaptability is of central importance to the evolutionary process. It is through adaptation that ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Adaptability is of central importance to the evolutionary process. It is through adaptation that organisms are able to survive in changing environments, become better suited to their existing environment, or expand into new environments. In general, organisms that are more adaptable can be expected to be more successful in evolutionary terms. A major improvement in adaptive ability is a major evolutionary advance. Humans are the most adaptable organism to live on this planet. We use our rapidly improving science and technology to survive and satisfy our adaptive goals in a wide range of environments. Whatever adaptive problem we put our minds to, we can generally find a solution. We have proven far more adaptable than organisms that evolve by gene-based evolution. It took millions of years for genetic evolution to discover how to produce reptiles that fly, while humans developed the technology to achieve this in a few thousand years. The massive adaptive improvements seen in human capacities over recent centuries are significantly greater than could be achieved by genetic evolution over hundreds of millions of years. Whatever our wants, whatever our needs, we are very effective at finding ways to manipulate our environment to achieve them. But we are very poor at achieving things that we do not want. We don't use our creativity to find better ways to achieve things we are not motivated to achieve. In evolutionary terms, this turns out to be the central limitation in human adaptability. Typically, we do not see this as a limitation. It does not prevent us from doing anything that we want to do. It does not stop us from living happy and fulfilled lives. We do not feel restricted because we have no desire to do what we have no desire to do. If we evaluate our adaptability by asking whether it enables us to satisfy our needs and wants, we continue to see ourselves as being highly adaptable. But if we measure our adaptive ability in evolutionary terms, we reach a very different conclusion. What if our continued evolutionary success demands that we adapt in ways that conflict with the satisfaction of our existing needs and wants? What if our existing motivations and needs do not produce the behaviours that are best in evolutionary terms? These sorts of conflicts between our needs and evolution's needs seem highly likely to emerge during our evolutionary future. It is improbable that the needs and wants implanted in us by our evolutionary past will produce the behaviour that is also optimal for our future. This means that our adaptability is seriously limited in evolutionary terms. There is an enormous range of behaviours, life styles and technologies that we would not want given our current needs and motivations. But these might be critically important for achieving evolutionary success in the future. We have a very large evolutionary blind spot. We are not motivated to explore an immense variety of adaptive possibilities, no matter how useful they may be in evolutionary terms. Until we overcome this limitation, we will continue to use genetic engineering, artificial intelligence and other technological advances to satisfy our past evolutionary needs and conditioning, rather than to achieve future evolutionary success.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9ed1453d05f7864692bf86fcf8956073" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":56116759,"asset_id":36214733,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56116759/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36214733"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36214733"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36214733; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36214733]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36214733]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36214733; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='36214733']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36214733, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9ed1453d05f7864692bf86fcf8956073" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=36214733]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":36214733,"title":"THE EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE OF SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Adaptability is of central importance to the evolutionary process. It is through adaptation that organisms are able to survive in changing environments, become better suited to their existing environment, or expand into new environments. In general, organisms that are more adaptable can be expected to be more successful in evolutionary terms. A major improvement in adaptive ability is a major evolutionary advance. Humans are the most adaptable organism to live on this planet. We use our rapidly improving science and technology to survive and satisfy our adaptive goals in a wide range of environments. Whatever adaptive problem we put our minds to, we can generally find a solution. We have proven far more adaptable than organisms that evolve by gene-based evolution. It took millions of years for genetic evolution to discover how to produce reptiles that fly, while humans developed the technology to achieve this in a few thousand years. The massive adaptive improvements seen in human capacities over recent centuries are significantly greater than could be achieved by genetic evolution over hundreds of millions of years. Whatever our wants, whatever our needs, we are very effective at finding ways to manipulate our environment to achieve them. But we are very poor at achieving things that we do not want. We don't use our creativity to find better ways to achieve things we are not motivated to achieve. In evolutionary terms, this turns out to be the central limitation in human adaptability. Typically, we do not see this as a limitation. It does not prevent us from doing anything that we want to do. It does not stop us from living happy and fulfilled lives. We do not feel restricted because we have no desire to do what we have no desire to do. If we evaluate our adaptability by asking whether it enables us to satisfy our needs and wants, we continue to see ourselves as being highly adaptable. But if we measure our adaptive ability in evolutionary terms, we reach a very different conclusion. What if our continued evolutionary success demands that we adapt in ways that conflict with the satisfaction of our existing needs and wants? What if our existing motivations and needs do not produce the behaviours that are best in evolutionary terms? These sorts of conflicts between our needs and evolution's needs seem highly likely to emerge during our evolutionary future. It is improbable that the needs and wants implanted in us by our evolutionary past will produce the behaviour that is also optimal for our future. This means that our adaptability is seriously limited in evolutionary terms. There is an enormous range of behaviours, life styles and technologies that we would not want given our current needs and motivations. But these might be critically important for achieving evolutionary success in the future. We have a very large evolutionary blind spot. We are not motivated to explore an immense variety of adaptive possibilities, no matter how useful they may be in evolutionary terms. Until we overcome this limitation, we will continue to use genetic engineering, artificial intelligence and other technological advances to satisfy our past evolutionary needs and conditioning, rather than to achieve future evolutionary success."},"translated_abstract":"Adaptability is of central importance to the evolutionary process. It is through adaptation that organisms are able to survive in changing environments, become better suited to their existing environment, or expand into new environments. In general, organisms that are more adaptable can be expected to be more successful in evolutionary terms. A major improvement in adaptive ability is a major evolutionary advance. Humans are the most adaptable organism to live on this planet. We use our rapidly improving science and technology to survive and satisfy our adaptive goals in a wide range of environments. Whatever adaptive problem we put our minds to, we can generally find a solution. We have proven far more adaptable than organisms that evolve by gene-based evolution. It took millions of years for genetic evolution to discover how to produce reptiles that fly, while humans developed the technology to achieve this in a few thousand years. The massive adaptive improvements seen in human capacities over recent centuries are significantly greater than could be achieved by genetic evolution over hundreds of millions of years. Whatever our wants, whatever our needs, we are very effective at finding ways to manipulate our environment to achieve them. But we are very poor at achieving things that we do not want. We don't use our creativity to find better ways to achieve things we are not motivated to achieve. In evolutionary terms, this turns out to be the central limitation in human adaptability. Typically, we do not see this as a limitation. It does not prevent us from doing anything that we want to do. It does not stop us from living happy and fulfilled lives. We do not feel restricted because we have no desire to do what we have no desire to do. If we evaluate our adaptability by asking whether it enables us to satisfy our needs and wants, we continue to see ourselves as being highly adaptable. But if we measure our adaptive ability in evolutionary terms, we reach a very different conclusion. What if our continued evolutionary success demands that we adapt in ways that conflict with the satisfaction of our existing needs and wants? What if our existing motivations and needs do not produce the behaviours that are best in evolutionary terms? These sorts of conflicts between our needs and evolution's needs seem highly likely to emerge during our evolutionary future. It is improbable that the needs and wants implanted in us by our evolutionary past will produce the behaviour that is also optimal for our future. This means that our adaptability is seriously limited in evolutionary terms. There is an enormous range of behaviours, life styles and technologies that we would not want given our current needs and motivations. But these might be critically important for achieving evolutionary success in the future. We have a very large evolutionary blind spot. We are not motivated to explore an immense variety of adaptive possibilities, no matter how useful they may be in evolutionary terms. Until we overcome this limitation, we will continue to use genetic engineering, artificial intelligence and other technological advances to satisfy our past evolutionary needs and conditioning, rather than to achieve future evolutionary success.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36214733/THE_EVOLUTIONARY_SIGNIFICANCE_OF_SPIRITUAL_DEVELOPMENT","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-03-20T22:01:52.574-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56116759,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56116759/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Ev_Sig_Spirit_Dev.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56116759/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"THE_EVOLUTIONARY_SIGNIFICANCE_OF_SPIRITU.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56116759/Ev_Sig_Spirit_Dev-libre.pdf?1521608625=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTHE_EVOLUTIONARY_SIGNIFICANCE_OF_SPIRITU.pdf\u0026Expires=1732271417\u0026Signature=aBgphrqAmbd-EpcGXoYBqFvsfKQqOcU6r~NyU-KjRq4eR~hr4L9y1ul9N78rIdPWLv4HhA6QFxLBaDc54R8Kso9eLWrtSpuOld-aWOV0QYjcRxJHxzSNjhqF1YczQsbHACAdCRGlYQR5M3flrackLj8CdRuKgx98mDDCKhdqaLuLwknvzncRFxcw~s6g3XS52oDPgw98gg3GZChpUlMnuuwQElbsG0SpXGqbvtmsnWyw~w9L-6vR3JS0xc1DFCNV9easgaZVDJJnwauzsUt9U7VxApFUCm15R62l5lo64aYFoVRPnTZL7WNRPHfk9ALUnIN3Aa8JqO7Vg9BFdh54Cg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"THE_EVOLUTIONARY_SIGNIFICANCE_OF_SPIRITUAL_DEVELOPMENT","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":56116759,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56116759/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Ev_Sig_Spirit_Dev.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56116759/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"THE_EVOLUTIONARY_SIGNIFICANCE_OF_SPIRITU.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56116759/Ev_Sig_Spirit_Dev-libre.pdf?1521608625=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTHE_EVOLUTIONARY_SIGNIFICANCE_OF_SPIRITU.pdf\u0026Expires=1732271417\u0026Signature=aBgphrqAmbd-EpcGXoYBqFvsfKQqOcU6r~NyU-KjRq4eR~hr4L9y1ul9N78rIdPWLv4HhA6QFxLBaDc54R8Kso9eLWrtSpuOld-aWOV0QYjcRxJHxzSNjhqF1YczQsbHACAdCRGlYQR5M3flrackLj8CdRuKgx98mDDCKhdqaLuLwknvzncRFxcw~s6g3XS52oDPgw98gg3GZChpUlMnuuwQElbsG0SpXGqbvtmsnWyw~w9L-6vR3JS0xc1DFCNV9easgaZVDJJnwauzsUt9U7VxApFUCm15R62l5lo64aYFoVRPnTZL7WNRPHfk9ALUnIN3Aa8JqO7Vg9BFdh54Cg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":255,"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Psychology"},{"id":734,"name":"Human Development Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Development_Theory"},{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":3815,"name":"Spirituality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spirituality"},{"id":7466,"name":"Human Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Development"},{"id":13682,"name":"Adult development and Aging (Psychology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult_development_and_Aging_Psychology_"},{"id":15679,"name":"Adult Development And Aging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult_Development_And_Aging"},{"id":21231,"name":"Spirituality \u0026 Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spirituality_and_Psychology"},{"id":22836,"name":"Spiritual Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spiritual_Intelligence"},{"id":449151,"name":"Adult Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult_Development"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36036144"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36036144/Enlightenment_and_the_Evolution_of_the_Material_World"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Enlightenment and the Evolution of the Material World" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55921706/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36036144/Enlightenment_and_the_Evolution_of_the_Material_World">Enlightenment and the Evolution of the Material World</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">What is the evolutionary significance of enlightenment? To what extent are capacities that are en...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">What is the evolutionary significance of enlightenment? To what extent are capacities that are enabled by enlightenment essential to the evolutionary survival and flourishing of humanity into the future? This article argues that key capacities associated with enlightenment are of critical importance: they can significantly increase the ability of human individuals and societies to adapt and evolve. Two of these capacities are: (i) self-evolution: the ability of an organism or organisation to free itself from the biological and cultural dictates of its evolutionary past so that it can choose to evolve in whatever directions are necessary to benefit its evolutionary future; and (ii) meta-systemic wisdom: the capacity of an organism or organisation to develop mental models of interactions between itself and its complex environment and to use these models to identify actions that will serve its evolutionary future. The development of these two capacities is essential if the living processes that emerge on any planet are to participate successfully in the future evolution of life in the universe. Humanity is rapidly approaching circumstances that are demanding the development of these capacities individually and collectively. Fortunately, the world's religious and spiritual traditions possess much of the knowledge and techniques needed to develop these abilities.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7ee2a4ebb5698656f65d5473074a998d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":55921706,"asset_id":36036144,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55921706/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36036144"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36036144"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36036144; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36036144]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36036144]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36036144; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='36036144']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36036144, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7ee2a4ebb5698656f65d5473074a998d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=36036144]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":36036144,"title":"Enlightenment and the Evolution of the Material World","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"What is the evolutionary significance of enlightenment? To what extent are capacities that are enabled by enlightenment essential to the evolutionary survival and flourishing of humanity into the future? This article argues that key capacities associated with enlightenment are of critical importance: they can significantly increase the ability of human individuals and societies to adapt and evolve. Two of these capacities are: (i) self-evolution: the ability of an organism or organisation to free itself from the biological and cultural dictates of its evolutionary past so that it can choose to evolve in whatever directions are necessary to benefit its evolutionary future; and (ii) meta-systemic wisdom: the capacity of an organism or organisation to develop mental models of interactions between itself and its complex environment and to use these models to identify actions that will serve its evolutionary future. The development of these two capacities is essential if the living processes that emerge on any planet are to participate successfully in the future evolution of life in the universe. Humanity is rapidly approaching circumstances that are demanding the development of these capacities individually and collectively. Fortunately, the world's religious and spiritual traditions possess much of the knowledge and techniques needed to develop these abilities."},"translated_abstract":"What is the evolutionary significance of enlightenment? To what extent are capacities that are enabled by enlightenment essential to the evolutionary survival and flourishing of humanity into the future? This article argues that key capacities associated with enlightenment are of critical importance: they can significantly increase the ability of human individuals and societies to adapt and evolve. Two of these capacities are: (i) self-evolution: the ability of an organism or organisation to free itself from the biological and cultural dictates of its evolutionary past so that it can choose to evolve in whatever directions are necessary to benefit its evolutionary future; and (ii) meta-systemic wisdom: the capacity of an organism or organisation to develop mental models of interactions between itself and its complex environment and to use these models to identify actions that will serve its evolutionary future. The development of these two capacities is essential if the living processes that emerge on any planet are to participate successfully in the future evolution of life in the universe. Humanity is rapidly approaching circumstances that are demanding the development of these capacities individually and collectively. Fortunately, the world's religious and spiritual traditions possess much of the knowledge and techniques needed to develop these abilities.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36036144/Enlightenment_and_the_Evolution_of_the_Material_World","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-02-27T16:21:39.013-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55921706,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55921706/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Spanda_article.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55921706/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Enlightenment_and_the_Evolution_of_the_M.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/55921706/Spanda_article-libre.pdf?1519775060=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEnlightenment_and_the_Evolution_of_the_M.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=Ai7GHFg4Z06lUEB1tWtrQAdAlOUflPYUdttXbKZBQYqc8UK1BSRsA49CjDRRFM8QfuCpeBq3U27MdHOK2h2r2NeVebzHx6vrRGk0v-iP2P4v2MG5nEWYeqjReppTZAnuak-jNCPn5QqBohAKMSvj6aD9akitVOusi~cMoZBt6BedrtP78f3URLjWf-BtpZ7Z8T0wJWcg744N51NhCMCc2ToN-0nDWMdb-Oe-B64cKXirn4a5mYjnzJReUvxvfG9kt7~XsSe0Xzq2Dc2n3f3ihKopMu7UTP3w9hFgoC7GVT2C-~4XdNOFlm0NmT8TVenENpcLM-tYQb6yx1k6XtRffA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Enlightenment_and_the_Evolution_of_the_Material_World","translated_slug":"","page_count":11,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":55921706,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55921706/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Spanda_article.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55921706/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Enlightenment_and_the_Evolution_of_the_M.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/55921706/Spanda_article-libre.pdf?1519775060=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEnlightenment_and_the_Evolution_of_the_M.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=Ai7GHFg4Z06lUEB1tWtrQAdAlOUflPYUdttXbKZBQYqc8UK1BSRsA49CjDRRFM8QfuCpeBq3U27MdHOK2h2r2NeVebzHx6vrRGk0v-iP2P4v2MG5nEWYeqjReppTZAnuak-jNCPn5QqBohAKMSvj6aD9akitVOusi~cMoZBt6BedrtP78f3URLjWf-BtpZ7Z8T0wJWcg744N51NhCMCc2ToN-0nDWMdb-Oe-B64cKXirn4a5mYjnzJReUvxvfG9kt7~XsSe0Xzq2Dc2n3f3ihKopMu7UTP3w9hFgoC7GVT2C-~4XdNOFlm0NmT8TVenENpcLM-tYQb6yx1k6XtRffA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4108,"name":"Yoga Meditation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yoga_Meditation"},{"id":13682,"name":"Adult development and Aging (Psychology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult_development_and_Aging_Psychology_"},{"id":15679,"name":"Adult Development And Aging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult_Development_And_Aging"},{"id":40633,"name":"Consciousness Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consciousness_Studies"},{"id":57275,"name":"Meditation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Meditation"},{"id":87525,"name":"Effects of Meditation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Effects_of_Meditation"},{"id":182867,"name":"Mindfulness Meditation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mindfulness_Meditation"},{"id":300356,"name":"Psychological Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychological_Development"},{"id":1004032,"name":"Development of Consciousness of Self","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Development_of_Consciousness_of_Self"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="35761826"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/35761826/8_31_John_Stewart_reviews_Laske_on_Dialectical_Thinking"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 8/31 – John Stewart reviews Laske on Dialectical Thinking" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55637781/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/35761826/8_31_John_Stewart_reviews_Laske_on_Dialectical_Thinking">8/31 – John Stewart reviews Laske on Dialectical Thinking</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This is a book review of Otto Laske's Primer on Dialectical/Metasystemic thinking. The Review ide...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This is a book review of Otto Laske's Primer on Dialectical/Metasystemic thinking. The Review identifies key limitations of analytical/rational thinking and how these limitations can be overcome by appropriate cognitive scaffolding. This enables more complex thinking which in turn enables the understanding of complex phenomenon that cannot be understood adequately by analytical/rational thought.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="579323ab1435f5edf5ab82bbdf6f6060" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":55637781,"asset_id":35761826,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55637781/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="35761826"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35761826"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35761826; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35761826]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35761826]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35761826; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='35761826']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35761826, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "579323ab1435f5edf5ab82bbdf6f6060" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=35761826]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":35761826,"title":"8/31 – John Stewart reviews Laske on Dialectical Thinking","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This is a book review of Otto Laske's Primer on Dialectical/Metasystemic thinking. The Review identifies key limitations of analytical/rational thinking and how these limitations can be overcome by appropriate cognitive scaffolding. This enables more complex thinking which in turn enables the understanding of complex phenomenon that cannot be understood adequately by analytical/rational thought."},"translated_abstract":"This is a book review of Otto Laske's Primer on Dialectical/Metasystemic thinking. The Review identifies key limitations of analytical/rational thinking and how these limitations can be overcome by appropriate cognitive scaffolding. This enables more complex thinking which in turn enables the understanding of complex phenomenon that cannot be understood adequately by analytical/rational thought.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35761826/8_31_John_Stewart_reviews_Laske_on_Dialectical_Thinking","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-01-25T21:34:55.262-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55637781,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55637781/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Review_of_Primer.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55637781/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"8_31_John_Stewart_reviews_Laske_on_Diale.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/55637781/Review_of_Primer-libre.pdf?1516945272=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D8_31_John_Stewart_reviews_Laske_on_Diale.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=FkaCKoJhdvUY-KY72S6YquuRtFrR9uidzvpNIl-hxEHCGLYCHGtGGprm8~CioY-o3mXW5nFp6tNmbTtyQC3box16zP-Bxp8WSh0oN51Z3djqwuyQdGhlua6dttqLmNsqtmDryR3OC7DMEfGIhPv6dsssvexYhI8sgcdDkYDG3ZiPyXa8-F8Cm-5mfrYNn4FR3pro6MzWiCTqrlsL2-A90emUlKuOv1uiwXiZBo5gJ0siprgtN9-cBVxDEbKC1BkbY7mdKMFm3UXtPs8mxWJ5ZrWpcBwQtf6kDYX3H2ez7BeajjgNJiGJb15BgezZk11Oc4IGdBG5WWuls8HtVKbe8A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"8_31_John_Stewart_reviews_Laske_on_Dialectical_Thinking","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":55637781,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55637781/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Review_of_Primer.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55637781/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"8_31_John_Stewart_reviews_Laske_on_Diale.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/55637781/Review_of_Primer-libre.pdf?1516945272=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D8_31_John_Stewart_reviews_Laske_on_Diale.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=FkaCKoJhdvUY-KY72S6YquuRtFrR9uidzvpNIl-hxEHCGLYCHGtGGprm8~CioY-o3mXW5nFp6tNmbTtyQC3box16zP-Bxp8WSh0oN51Z3djqwuyQdGhlua6dttqLmNsqtmDryR3OC7DMEfGIhPv6dsssvexYhI8sgcdDkYDG3ZiPyXa8-F8Cm-5mfrYNn4FR3pro6MzWiCTqrlsL2-A90emUlKuOv1uiwXiZBo5gJ0siprgtN9-cBVxDEbKC1BkbY7mdKMFm3UXtPs8mxWJ5ZrWpcBwQtf6kDYX3H2ez7BeajjgNJiGJb15BgezZk11Oc4IGdBG5WWuls8HtVKbe8A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science"},{"id":2971,"name":"Cognitive development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_development"},{"id":4212,"name":"Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognition"},{"id":7466,"name":"Human Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Development"},{"id":15154,"name":"Evolution of Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Cognition"},{"id":17607,"name":"Evolution of Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Consciousness"},{"id":23507,"name":"Adult learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult_learning"},{"id":449151,"name":"Adult Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult_Development"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="35105046"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/35105046/THE_FUTURE_EVOLUTION_OF_CONSCIOUSNESS"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54966577/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/35105046/THE_FUTURE_EVOLUTION_OF_CONSCIOUSNESS">THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">What potential exists for improvements in the functioning of consciousness? The paper addresses t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">What potential exists for improvements in the functioning of consciousness? The paper addresses this issue using global workspace theory. According to this model, the prime function of consciousness is to develop novel adaptive responses. Consciousness does this by putting together new combinations of knowledge, skills and other disparate resources that are recruited from throughout the brain. The paper's search for potential improvements in the functioning of consciousness draws on studies of the shift during human development from the use of implicit knowledge to the use of explicit (declarative) knowledge. These studies show that the ability of consciousness to adapt a particular domain improves significantly as the transition to the use of declarative knowledge occurs in that domain. However, this potential for consciousness to enhance adaptability has not yet been realised to any extent in relation to consciousness itself. The paper assesses the potential for adaptability to be improved by the conscious adaptation of key processes that constitute consciousness. A number of sources (including the practices of religious and contemplative traditions) are drawn on to investigate how this potential might be realised.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d221074efdaaa03b0da6f60f1b7250d0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54966577,"asset_id":35105046,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54966577/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="35105046"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35105046"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35105046; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35105046]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35105046]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35105046; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='35105046']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35105046, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d221074efdaaa03b0da6f60f1b7250d0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=35105046]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":35105046,"title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"What potential exists for improvements in the functioning of consciousness? The paper addresses this issue using global workspace theory. According to this model, the prime function of consciousness is to develop novel adaptive responses. Consciousness does this by putting together new combinations of knowledge, skills and other disparate resources that are recruited from throughout the brain. The paper's search for potential improvements in the functioning of consciousness draws on studies of the shift during human development from the use of implicit knowledge to the use of explicit (declarative) knowledge. These studies show that the ability of consciousness to adapt a particular domain improves significantly as the transition to the use of declarative knowledge occurs in that domain. However, this potential for consciousness to enhance adaptability has not yet been realised to any extent in relation to consciousness itself. The paper assesses the potential for adaptability to be improved by the conscious adaptation of key processes that constitute consciousness. A number of sources (including the practices of religious and contemplative traditions) are drawn on to investigate how this potential might be realised."},"translated_abstract":"What potential exists for improvements in the functioning of consciousness? The paper addresses this issue using global workspace theory. According to this model, the prime function of consciousness is to develop novel adaptive responses. Consciousness does this by putting together new combinations of knowledge, skills and other disparate resources that are recruited from throughout the brain. The paper's search for potential improvements in the functioning of consciousness draws on studies of the shift during human development from the use of implicit knowledge to the use of explicit (declarative) knowledge. These studies show that the ability of consciousness to adapt a particular domain improves significantly as the transition to the use of declarative knowledge occurs in that domain. However, this potential for consciousness to enhance adaptability has not yet been realised to any extent in relation to consciousness itself. The paper assesses the potential for adaptability to be improved by the conscious adaptation of key processes that constitute consciousness. A number of sources (including the practices of religious and contemplative traditions) are drawn on to investigate how this potential might be realised.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35105046/THE_FUTURE_EVOLUTION_OF_CONSCIOUSNESS","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-11-10T00:56:39.092-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30606235,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":843192,"email":"j***t@utc.fr","display_order":2,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606236,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4535963,"email":"j***2@dera.gov.uk","display_order":3,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606237,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4535964,"email":"j***t@damtp.cam.ac.uk","display_order":4,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606238,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4535965,"email":"j***t@lanl.gov","display_order":5,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606239,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":5741666,"email":"j***t@muhc.mcgill.ca","display_order":6,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606240,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2930395,"email":"j***t@uchsc.edu","display_order":7,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606241,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":27998299,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***t@dpi.nsw.gov.au","display_order":8,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606242,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2930396,"email":"j***t@sci.monash.edu.au","display_order":9,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606243,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":33089699,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***t@bournemouth.ac.uk","affiliation":"Bournemouth University","display_order":10,"name":"John R. Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606244,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2807398,"email":"s***t@uchsc.edu","display_order":11,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606245,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2807401,"email":"j***t@qub.ac.uk","display_order":12,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606246,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":23230576,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"g***n@gmail.com","display_order":13,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606247,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":1868596,"email":"j***t@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":14,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"},{"id":30606248,"work_id":35105046,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":48183865,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***r@wakehealth.edu","display_order":15,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE FUTURE EVOLUTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54966577,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54966577/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"JCS.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54966577/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"THE_FUTURE_EVOLUTION_OF_CONSCIOUSNESS.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54966577/JCS-libre.pdf?1510314639=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTHE_FUTURE_EVOLUTION_OF_CONSCIOUSNESS.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=Ymi~fStrYDn54oddMyTzD~4h8GNocwNNN3QYazSdSNaBWl8xJZMtaF7lm9buCWTknCW1hbVU9BBEf3K2zUyM4Mswk3PPJWnwXin5Af6TjKiOWK7LcIffhveqmQyt2FJ92jIbjHqmoj-x8-bzbaPFBYJI6Dk1qnHgdz~ewAKQwrNIxZR9L1AOoczZV98PlNXhAogu28~S-Ssr8GdcVitKnuvN0DjprwhIEW87~7HiYMFC59JO7NdT5T1lRxKVvJgZp~HONjuTTa1QN9ArGhfGKG4PLr8dfNfaPsyEWnTOTVyHG~FSyw-PCJo3BYp0KhzlacxOMTow009WpurzWf6LxQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"THE_FUTURE_EVOLUTION_OF_CONSCIOUSNESS","translated_slug":"","page_count":24,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":54966577,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54966577/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"JCS.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54966577/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"THE_FUTURE_EVOLUTION_OF_CONSCIOUSNESS.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54966577/JCS-libre.pdf?1510314639=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTHE_FUTURE_EVOLUTION_OF_CONSCIOUSNESS.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=Ymi~fStrYDn54oddMyTzD~4h8GNocwNNN3QYazSdSNaBWl8xJZMtaF7lm9buCWTknCW1hbVU9BBEf3K2zUyM4Mswk3PPJWnwXin5Af6TjKiOWK7LcIffhveqmQyt2FJ92jIbjHqmoj-x8-bzbaPFBYJI6Dk1qnHgdz~ewAKQwrNIxZR9L1AOoczZV98PlNXhAogu28~S-Ssr8GdcVitKnuvN0DjprwhIEW87~7HiYMFC59JO7NdT5T1lRxKVvJgZp~HONjuTTa1QN9ArGhfGKG4PLr8dfNfaPsyEWnTOTVyHG~FSyw-PCJo3BYp0KhzlacxOMTow009WpurzWf6LxQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":255,"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Psychology"},{"id":2055,"name":"Consciousness (Psychology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consciousness_Psychology_"},{"id":3498,"name":"Consciousness (Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consciousness_Anthropology_"},{"id":8779,"name":"Self Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_Consciousness"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":15679,"name":"Adult Development And Aging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult_Development_And_Aging"},{"id":17607,"name":"Evolution of Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Consciousness"},{"id":40633,"name":"Consciousness Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consciousness_Studies"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34722492"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34722492/Evolutionary_Progress"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Evolutionary Progress" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54579440/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34722492/Evolutionary_Progress">Evolutionary Progress</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This article identifies evolutionary processes which produce progressive change, outlines the seq...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This article identifies evolutionary processes which produce progressive change, outlines the sequences of events in the evolution of life on Earth which have resulted from these processes, and predicts key future developments in the evolution of life. Progressive evolution is driven by the potential benefits of cooperation among living processes. These benefits are able to be exploited by the formation of hierarchical organizations in which managing entities with the ability to control other entities support co-operators and suppress cheaters. Examples of hierarchical organizations of this type include early cells in which RNA manages molecular processes, and modern nation states in which governments manage human organization. However, the formation of hierarchical organizations will not fully realize the potential benefits of cooperation, and will not end the progressive evolution which is driven by this potential: it is only within these organizations that cooperation can be comprehensively exploited. The widely recognized impediments to the evolution of cooperation will continue to apply to interactions between organizations. The potential benefits of cooperation between organizations will therefore drive the formation of higher level organizations. The continued repetition of this process will progressively extend cooperative organization across greater scales of space and time.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="06fb73012ca691231ec9826b4ba761ca" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54579440,"asset_id":34722492,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54579440/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34722492"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34722492"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34722492; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34722492]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34722492]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34722492; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34722492']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34722492, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "06fb73012ca691231ec9826b4ba761ca" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34722492]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34722492,"title":"Evolutionary Progress","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This article identifies evolutionary processes which produce progressive change, outlines the sequences of events in the evolution of life on Earth which have resulted from these processes, and predicts key future developments in the evolution of life. Progressive evolution is driven by the potential benefits of cooperation among living processes. These benefits are able to be exploited by the formation of hierarchical organizations in which managing entities with the ability to control other entities support co-operators and suppress cheaters. Examples of hierarchical organizations of this type include early cells in which RNA manages molecular processes, and modern nation states in which governments manage human organization. However, the formation of hierarchical organizations will not fully realize the potential benefits of cooperation, and will not end the progressive evolution which is driven by this potential: it is only within these organizations that cooperation can be comprehensively exploited. The widely recognized impediments to the evolution of cooperation will continue to apply to interactions between organizations. The potential benefits of cooperation between organizations will therefore drive the formation of higher level organizations. The continued repetition of this process will progressively extend cooperative organization across greater scales of space and time."},"translated_abstract":"This article identifies evolutionary processes which produce progressive change, outlines the sequences of events in the evolution of life on Earth which have resulted from these processes, and predicts key future developments in the evolution of life. Progressive evolution is driven by the potential benefits of cooperation among living processes. These benefits are able to be exploited by the formation of hierarchical organizations in which managing entities with the ability to control other entities support co-operators and suppress cheaters. Examples of hierarchical organizations of this type include early cells in which RNA manages molecular processes, and modern nation states in which governments manage human organization. However, the formation of hierarchical organizations will not fully realize the potential benefits of cooperation, and will not end the progressive evolution which is driven by this potential: it is only within these organizations that cooperation can be comprehensively exploited. The widely recognized impediments to the evolution of cooperation will continue to apply to interactions between organizations. The potential benefits of cooperation between organizations will therefore drive the formation of higher level organizations. The continued repetition of this process will progressively extend cooperative organization across greater scales of space and time.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34722492/Evolutionary_Progress","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-09-29T19:44:19.670-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54579440,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54579440/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"EvProgress.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54579440/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Evolutionary_Progress.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54579440/EvProgress-libre.pdf?1506740488=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEvolutionary_Progress.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=HifQqrOcD0LJgEzoa1aCavH8wqU8AKLR4Pe7eXXJD0PipvDNmCMbur-syUC~2J64UJ~ZiQV7hRUUVHglAE24XSEo7tadTl4q3krEikUnjUea1rOYyXkyiWsYI4YsJM7F18QsfeoIDoMZJJWQIqFk9BRZumldqayQ5rpvHYCqqqV6C9LTnQHUuQv-s12FlJSrH9GYEwPNqVigUVIhV46GTeCFmhCXnLVJ84wbsn37AHawZX2J55jtmYJCNBeTYFNqqTyFAD~-gnGHfZatvn0A~mHJzkB7a91bNf2ql6QDFBa~6Eo2vLOkl8~YZMyUWFJ-fayXsEVcMDpB9FhXucImhA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Evolutionary_Progress","translated_slug":"","page_count":27,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":54579440,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54579440/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"EvProgress.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54579440/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Evolutionary_Progress.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54579440/EvProgress-libre.pdf?1506740488=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEvolutionary_Progress.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=HifQqrOcD0LJgEzoa1aCavH8wqU8AKLR4Pe7eXXJD0PipvDNmCMbur-syUC~2J64UJ~ZiQV7hRUUVHglAE24XSEo7tadTl4q3krEikUnjUea1rOYyXkyiWsYI4YsJM7F18QsfeoIDoMZJJWQIqFk9BRZumldqayQ5rpvHYCqqqV6C9LTnQHUuQv-s12FlJSrH9GYEwPNqVigUVIhV46GTeCFmhCXnLVJ84wbsn37AHawZX2J55jtmYJCNBeTYFNqqTyFAD~-gnGHfZatvn0A~mHJzkB7a91bNf2ql6QDFBa~6Eo2vLOkl8~YZMyUWFJ-fayXsEVcMDpB9FhXucImhA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology"},{"id":255,"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Psychology"},{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":4315,"name":"Origins of Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_of_Life"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":11096,"name":"Cultural Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Evolution"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34722479"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34722479/FUTURE_PSYCHOLOGICAL_EVOLUTION"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of FUTURE PSYCHOLOGICAL EVOLUTION" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54579424/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34722479/FUTURE_PSYCHOLOGICAL_EVOLUTION">FUTURE PSYCHOLOGICAL EVOLUTION</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This paper addresses a fundamental limitation that restricts most attempts to apply the findings ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This paper addresses a fundamental limitation that restricts most attempts to apply the findings of evolutionary psychology to the human condition. Most attempts focus on how our biological past constrains and limits our behavioural options (including our cognitive abilities). They generally fail to look at whether these constraints can be overcome in our future evolution. To date, evolutionary psychology has not satisfactorily addressed a key question: are we beings that are forever constrained by our biological past, or can we acquire new psychological software that will enable us to become self-evolving organisms-beings that are able to adapt in whatever ways are necessary for future evolutionary success, largely unfettered by our biological and social past? This paper is directed squarely at answering this issue. The answer to this issue is highly relevant to the nature/nurture debate. This debate will eventually dissolve if humans are capable of acquiring psychological skills that enable them to modify and overcome both their genetic and cultural behavioural predispositions. For individuals who acquire these skills, neither nature nor nurture will control their behaviour and cognition. In my view, a comprehensive approach to psychological evolution will not be restricted to examining only our biological past. It cannot ignore the fact that we are evolutionary work-in-progress. It must also look at our present and future psychological evolution. Only when it does so will evolutionary psychology fully qualify as scientific by being predictive in the widest sense. The paper builds on a number of the ideas on psychological evolution presented in Chapters 8 to 12 inclusive of my book "Evolution's Arrow" which is at ABSTRACT: Humans are able to construct mental representations and models of possible interactions with their environment. They can use these mental models to identify actions that will enable them to achieve their adaptive goals. But humans do not use this capacity to identify and implement the actions that would contribute most to the evolutionary success of humanity. In general, humans do not find motivation or satisfaction in doing so, no matter how effective the actions might be in evolutionary terms. From an evolutionary perspective, this is a significant limitation in the psychological adaptability of humans. This paper sets out to identify the new psychological capacity that would be needed to overcome this limitation and how the new capacity might be acquired.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="dd2ab26e21009e21477e90d058111491" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54579424,"asset_id":34722479,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54579424/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34722479"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34722479"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34722479; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34722479]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34722479]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34722479; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34722479']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34722479, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "dd2ab26e21009e21477e90d058111491" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34722479]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34722479,"title":"FUTURE PSYCHOLOGICAL EVOLUTION","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This paper addresses a fundamental limitation that restricts most attempts to apply the findings of evolutionary psychology to the human condition. Most attempts focus on how our biological past constrains and limits our behavioural options (including our cognitive abilities). They generally fail to look at whether these constraints can be overcome in our future evolution. To date, evolutionary psychology has not satisfactorily addressed a key question: are we beings that are forever constrained by our biological past, or can we acquire new psychological software that will enable us to become self-evolving organisms-beings that are able to adapt in whatever ways are necessary for future evolutionary success, largely unfettered by our biological and social past? This paper is directed squarely at answering this issue. The answer to this issue is highly relevant to the nature/nurture debate. This debate will eventually dissolve if humans are capable of acquiring psychological skills that enable them to modify and overcome both their genetic and cultural behavioural predispositions. For individuals who acquire these skills, neither nature nor nurture will control their behaviour and cognition. In my view, a comprehensive approach to psychological evolution will not be restricted to examining only our biological past. It cannot ignore the fact that we are evolutionary work-in-progress. It must also look at our present and future psychological evolution. Only when it does so will evolutionary psychology fully qualify as scientific by being predictive in the widest sense. The paper builds on a number of the ideas on psychological evolution presented in Chapters 8 to 12 inclusive of my book \"Evolution's Arrow\" which is at ABSTRACT: Humans are able to construct mental representations and models of possible interactions with their environment. They can use these mental models to identify actions that will enable them to achieve their adaptive goals. But humans do not use this capacity to identify and implement the actions that would contribute most to the evolutionary success of humanity. In general, humans do not find motivation or satisfaction in doing so, no matter how effective the actions might be in evolutionary terms. From an evolutionary perspective, this is a significant limitation in the psychological adaptability of humans. This paper sets out to identify the new psychological capacity that would be needed to overcome this limitation and how the new capacity might be acquired."},"translated_abstract":"This paper addresses a fundamental limitation that restricts most attempts to apply the findings of evolutionary psychology to the human condition. Most attempts focus on how our biological past constrains and limits our behavioural options (including our cognitive abilities). They generally fail to look at whether these constraints can be overcome in our future evolution. To date, evolutionary psychology has not satisfactorily addressed a key question: are we beings that are forever constrained by our biological past, or can we acquire new psychological software that will enable us to become self-evolving organisms-beings that are able to adapt in whatever ways are necessary for future evolutionary success, largely unfettered by our biological and social past? This paper is directed squarely at answering this issue. The answer to this issue is highly relevant to the nature/nurture debate. This debate will eventually dissolve if humans are capable of acquiring psychological skills that enable them to modify and overcome both their genetic and cultural behavioural predispositions. For individuals who acquire these skills, neither nature nor nurture will control their behaviour and cognition. In my view, a comprehensive approach to psychological evolution will not be restricted to examining only our biological past. It cannot ignore the fact that we are evolutionary work-in-progress. It must also look at our present and future psychological evolution. Only when it does so will evolutionary psychology fully qualify as scientific by being predictive in the widest sense. The paper builds on a number of the ideas on psychological evolution presented in Chapters 8 to 12 inclusive of my book \"Evolution's Arrow\" which is at ABSTRACT: Humans are able to construct mental representations and models of possible interactions with their environment. They can use these mental models to identify actions that will enable them to achieve their adaptive goals. But humans do not use this capacity to identify and implement the actions that would contribute most to the evolutionary success of humanity. In general, humans do not find motivation or satisfaction in doing so, no matter how effective the actions might be in evolutionary terms. From an evolutionary perspective, this is a significant limitation in the psychological adaptability of humans. This paper sets out to identify the new psychological capacity that would be needed to overcome this limitation and how the new capacity might be acquired.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34722479/FUTURE_PSYCHOLOGICAL_EVOLUTION","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-09-29T19:39:16.089-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54579424,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54579424/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"FutPsychEv.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54579424/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"FUTURE_PSYCHOLOGICAL_EVOLUTION.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54579424/FutPsychEv-libre.pdf?1506739373=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFUTURE_PSYCHOLOGICAL_EVOLUTION.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=RuFXGSH-kgF-kneIHP99xTp-SBqoeHqKmrYSGgbcT2~wIt65987hez4m6pZ2Tv7BDgNFHIzdsrzKwhR9ntYJ9Ta~zALN2Q-e0xfg~mZto9c63CPvNfSeEWCrA7rjmlsZdSLDelVBeozEXJKQozQhnWzRNsB1irbjlgGn64YHr-4ZXETEZiN4ZA1L1p7A9G4uMl8PoZXleL1QCw4Nb-lY3yed-Sn9Ry~tRKz97OBFfl-YUF6VJiMeNRJuq58FzwYJ7XPjEv0K1HFbiVH05i3LotytQjZFViWUBhQ9QJFxc3azce0PJ4SgzOvHmdUcT9llMU4SssMIWY42JE~kf-odcw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"FUTURE_PSYCHOLOGICAL_EVOLUTION","translated_slug":"","page_count":16,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":54579424,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54579424/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"FutPsychEv.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54579424/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"FUTURE_PSYCHOLOGICAL_EVOLUTION.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54579424/FutPsychEv-libre.pdf?1506739373=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFUTURE_PSYCHOLOGICAL_EVOLUTION.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=RuFXGSH-kgF-kneIHP99xTp-SBqoeHqKmrYSGgbcT2~wIt65987hez4m6pZ2Tv7BDgNFHIzdsrzKwhR9ntYJ9Ta~zALN2Q-e0xfg~mZto9c63CPvNfSeEWCrA7rjmlsZdSLDelVBeozEXJKQozQhnWzRNsB1irbjlgGn64YHr-4ZXETEZiN4ZA1L1p7A9G4uMl8PoZXleL1QCw4Nb-lY3yed-Sn9Ry~tRKz97OBFfl-YUF6VJiMeNRJuq58FzwYJ7XPjEv0K1HFbiVH05i3LotytQjZFViWUBhQ9QJFxc3azce0PJ4SgzOvHmdUcT9llMU4SssMIWY42JE~kf-odcw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":255,"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Psychology"},{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":7610,"name":"Evolutionary Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Anthropology"},{"id":8779,"name":"Self Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_Consciousness"},{"id":9354,"name":"Psychological Empowerment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychological_Empowerment"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":21692,"name":"Anthropology of Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology_of_Consciousness"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="7332704"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/7332704/The_direction_of_evolution_The_rise_of_cooperative_organization"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The direction of evolution: The rise of cooperative organization" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/33936577/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/7332704/The_direction_of_evolution_The_rise_of_cooperative_organization">The direction of evolution: The rise of cooperative organization</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Two great trends are evident in the evolution of life on Earth: towards increasing diversificatio...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Two great trends are evident in the evolution of life on Earth: towards increasing diversification and towards increasing integration. Diversification has spread living processes across the planet, progressively increasing the range of environments and free energy sources exploited by life. Integration has proceeded through a stepwise process in which living entities at one level are integrated into cooperative groups that become larger-scale entities at the next level, and so on, producing cooperative organizations of increasing scale (for example, cooperative groups of simple cells gave rise to the more complex eukaryote cells, groups of these gave rise to multi-cellular organisms, and cooperative groups of these organisms produced animal societies). The trend towards increasing integration has continued during human evolution with the progressive increase in the scale of human groups and societies. The trends towards increasing diversification and integration are both driven by selection. An understanding of the trajectory and causal drivers of the trends suggests that they are likely to culminate in the emergence of a global entity. This entity would emerge from the integration of the living processes, matter, energy and technology of the planet into a global cooperative organization. Such an integration of the results of previous diversifications would enable the global entity to exploit the widest possible range of resources across the varied circumstances of the planet. This paper demonstrates that it's case for directionality meets the tests and criticisms that have proven fatal to previous claims for directionality in evolution.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3e49b78facf57bc7e9df28ef9eced6c0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":33936577,"asset_id":7332704,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33936577/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="7332704"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7332704"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7332704; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7332704]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7332704]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7332704; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='7332704']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7332704, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3e49b78facf57bc7e9df28ef9eced6c0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=7332704]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":7332704,"title":"The direction of evolution: The rise of cooperative organization","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Two great trends are evident in the evolution of life on Earth: towards increasing diversification and towards increasing integration. Diversification has spread living processes across the planet, progressively increasing the range of environments and free energy sources exploited by life. Integration has proceeded through a stepwise process in which living entities at one level are integrated into cooperative groups that become larger-scale entities at the next level, and so on, producing cooperative organizations of increasing scale (for example, cooperative groups of simple cells gave rise to the more complex eukaryote cells, groups of these gave rise to multi-cellular organisms, and cooperative groups of these organisms produced animal societies). The trend towards increasing integration has continued during human evolution with the progressive increase in the scale of human groups and societies. The trends towards increasing diversification and integration are both driven by selection. An understanding of the trajectory and causal drivers of the trends suggests that they are likely to culminate in the emergence of a global entity. This entity would emerge from the integration of the living processes, matter, energy and technology of the planet into a global cooperative organization. Such an integration of the results of previous diversifications would enable the global entity to exploit the widest possible range of resources across the varied circumstances of the planet. This paper demonstrates that it's case for directionality meets the tests and criticisms that have proven fatal to previous claims for directionality in evolution."},"translated_abstract":"Two great trends are evident in the evolution of life on Earth: towards increasing diversification and towards increasing integration. Diversification has spread living processes across the planet, progressively increasing the range of environments and free energy sources exploited by life. Integration has proceeded through a stepwise process in which living entities at one level are integrated into cooperative groups that become larger-scale entities at the next level, and so on, producing cooperative organizations of increasing scale (for example, cooperative groups of simple cells gave rise to the more complex eukaryote cells, groups of these gave rise to multi-cellular organisms, and cooperative groups of these organisms produced animal societies). The trend towards increasing integration has continued during human evolution with the progressive increase in the scale of human groups and societies. The trends towards increasing diversification and integration are both driven by selection. An understanding of the trajectory and causal drivers of the trends suggests that they are likely to culminate in the emergence of a global entity. This entity would emerge from the integration of the living processes, matter, energy and technology of the planet into a global cooperative organization. Such an integration of the results of previous diversifications would enable the global entity to exploit the widest possible range of resources across the varied circumstances of the planet. This paper demonstrates that it's case for directionality meets the tests and criticisms that have proven fatal to previous claims for directionality in evolution.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/7332704/The_direction_of_evolution_The_rise_of_cooperative_organization","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2014-06-12T20:26:59.778-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33936577,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/33936577/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"1-s2.0-S030326471400080X-main.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33936577/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_direction_of_evolution_The_rise_of_c.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/33936577/1-s2.0-S030326471400080X-main-libre.pdf?1402632819=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_direction_of_evolution_The_rise_of_c.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=Cx6qi2q3KX0y7D-GjBz3YyprclUe693n1cSEcmvgNYbKWCdeitKnc98-bgv1cpx2nW6u-CV-TWyhVe2IdrKddw6O4ItdROqITjMlHbsEUDRCTO7yIu7OqOSSX-hH3IH--1sDv2Z5X~gHJN4Fb0tpwoFFTzjSrb89hmbEkRyya02PWi90FPE6PMbIykNrET~K8HQr3xZD5pwsMMgfjKdn-XUdJkEdLVCAkt9j-tW7gulATy2ssgryu99mUTVDBOOmxlzNXvbCLyzWNygHDMe3lHvVszZbm9e9rnXc6ryZZpJRFHSMaFiYkCmXQNdTgbfNJP4WBK3MM4y-rRSDxyY3Vw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_direction_of_evolution_The_rise_of_cooperative_organization","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":33936577,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/33936577/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"1-s2.0-S030326471400080X-main.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33936577/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_direction_of_evolution_The_rise_of_c.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/33936577/1-s2.0-S030326471400080X-main-libre.pdf?1402632819=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_direction_of_evolution_The_rise_of_c.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=Cx6qi2q3KX0y7D-GjBz3YyprclUe693n1cSEcmvgNYbKWCdeitKnc98-bgv1cpx2nW6u-CV-TWyhVe2IdrKddw6O4ItdROqITjMlHbsEUDRCTO7yIu7OqOSSX-hH3IH--1sDv2Z5X~gHJN4Fb0tpwoFFTzjSrb89hmbEkRyya02PWi90FPE6PMbIykNrET~K8HQr3xZD5pwsMMgfjKdn-XUdJkEdLVCAkt9j-tW7gulATy2ssgryu99mUTVDBOOmxlzNXvbCLyzWNygHDMe3lHvVszZbm9e9rnXc6ryZZpJRFHSMaFiYkCmXQNdTgbfNJP4WBK3MM4y-rRSDxyY3Vw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology"},{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":851,"name":"Complex Systems Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complex_Systems_Science"},{"id":2894,"name":"Evolution of cooperation (Evolutionary Biology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_cooperation_Evolutionary_Biology_"},{"id":3660,"name":"Global Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Governance"},{"id":4315,"name":"Origins of Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_of_Life"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":19741,"name":"Big History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Big_History"},{"id":20119,"name":"Major Transitions (Evolution)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Major_Transitions_Evolution_"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="7332776"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/7332776/The_Evolutionary_Manifesto"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Evolutionary Manifesto" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/33936654/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/7332776/The_Evolutionary_Manifesto">The Evolutionary Manifesto</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The Evolutionary Manifesto shows that evolution is directional and demonstrates that this has maj...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The Evolutionary Manifesto shows that evolution is directional and demonstrates that this has major implications for humanity. The Manifesto reveals that humanity must align its social syatems and behaviour with the trajectory of evolution if we are to survive and thrive into the future. The Manifesto goes on to show that humanity has an essential role to play in the future evolution of life on this planet. It demonstrates that life on Earth has reached a critical stage in evolution’s trajectory. Up to now evolution has moved along its trajectory blindly and unconsciously. But if evolution on Earth is to continue to advance successfully in the future, the process will have to be driven intentionally and consciously by humanity. In this way, a proper understanding of evolution shows us how we can live a life that matters in a larger scheme of things. An evolutionary worldview answers the fundamental existential question that faces us all: “What should I do with my life?” The Manifesto outlines in broad terms what humanity must do to advance the evolutionary process—how we will intentionally have to re-make our political, social and economic systems, and how we will need to develop our cognition and consciousness. As such, the Manifesto presents a detailed case for evolutionary activism--coordinated action directed at advancing the evolutionary process intentionally.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9adf4ccfc7b8dcd32f56d56435bdda2f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":33936654,"asset_id":7332776,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33936654/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="7332776"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7332776"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7332776; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7332776]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7332776]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7332776; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='7332776']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7332776, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9adf4ccfc7b8dcd32f56d56435bdda2f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=7332776]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":7332776,"title":"The Evolutionary Manifesto","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The Evolutionary Manifesto shows that evolution is directional and demonstrates that this has major implications for humanity. The Manifesto reveals that humanity must align its social syatems and behaviour with the trajectory of evolution if we are to survive and thrive into the future. The Manifesto goes on to show that humanity has an essential role to play in the future evolution of life on this planet. It demonstrates that life on Earth has reached a critical stage in evolution’s trajectory. Up to now evolution has moved along its trajectory blindly and unconsciously. But if evolution on Earth is to continue to advance successfully in the future, the process will have to be driven intentionally and consciously by humanity. In this way, a proper understanding of evolution shows us how we can live a life that matters in a larger scheme of things. An evolutionary worldview answers the fundamental existential question that faces us all: “What should I do with my life?” The Manifesto outlines in broad terms what humanity must do to advance the evolutionary process—how we will intentionally have to re-make our political, social and economic systems, and how we will need to develop our cognition and consciousness. As such, the Manifesto presents a detailed case for evolutionary activism--coordinated action directed at advancing the evolutionary process intentionally."},"translated_abstract":"The Evolutionary Manifesto shows that evolution is directional and demonstrates that this has major implications for humanity. The Manifesto reveals that humanity must align its social syatems and behaviour with the trajectory of evolution if we are to survive and thrive into the future. The Manifesto goes on to show that humanity has an essential role to play in the future evolution of life on this planet. It demonstrates that life on Earth has reached a critical stage in evolution’s trajectory. Up to now evolution has moved along its trajectory blindly and unconsciously. But if evolution on Earth is to continue to advance successfully in the future, the process will have to be driven intentionally and consciously by humanity. In this way, a proper understanding of evolution shows us how we can live a life that matters in a larger scheme of things. An evolutionary worldview answers the fundamental existential question that faces us all: “What should I do with my life?” The Manifesto outlines in broad terms what humanity must do to advance the evolutionary process—how we will intentionally have to re-make our political, social and economic systems, and how we will need to develop our cognition and consciousness. As such, the Manifesto presents a detailed case for evolutionary activism--coordinated action directed at advancing the evolutionary process intentionally.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/7332776/The_Evolutionary_Manifesto","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2014-06-12T20:32:41.221-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33936654,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/33936654/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"EvMan_24_April_2009.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33936654/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Evolutionary_Manifesto.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/33936654/EvMan_24_April_2009-libre.pdf?1402632758=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Evolutionary_Manifesto.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=UEa1OwX18pxcGetvzKJauX3sF0CgVbY-INRCbEXWkdBiTVwrOc11j8aKMyi5TkEBx6xVfVjt8UjfhbQbItI9HnRRmHzNz44r48IjGfnfzjAJ520WEgEetW8OnUf3zJQDV8HR2axkT~PQOKGbBTcvbasFD~aLxyGS4F5X9qxp38SXXe1oDzpiK0exImZ~QNRHja1~2GvPcBndzHXLdnKPm013pQdkRa3zz6KyRJUzI~IL5mLUUhjWYhtv6K2O08V9r9ooCwyQzLd-0lhlhqPj38l0ebLKZ4q0QEIRqVvuXHAsX~1Ln8k7IwP1VIWhJE4IBjqSsxaJl6BYD1w~z73hHA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_Evolutionary_Manifesto","translated_slug":"","page_count":34,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":33936654,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/33936654/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"EvMan_24_April_2009.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33936654/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Evolutionary_Manifesto.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/33936654/EvMan_24_April_2009-libre.pdf?1402632758=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Evolutionary_Manifesto.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=UEa1OwX18pxcGetvzKJauX3sF0CgVbY-INRCbEXWkdBiTVwrOc11j8aKMyi5TkEBx6xVfVjt8UjfhbQbItI9HnRRmHzNz44r48IjGfnfzjAJ520WEgEetW8OnUf3zJQDV8HR2axkT~PQOKGbBTcvbasFD~aLxyGS4F5X9qxp38SXXe1oDzpiK0exImZ~QNRHja1~2GvPcBndzHXLdnKPm013pQdkRa3zz6KyRJUzI~IL5mLUUhjWYhtv6K2O08V9r9ooCwyQzLd-0lhlhqPj38l0ebLKZ4q0QEIRqVvuXHAsX~1Ln8k7IwP1VIWhJE4IBjqSsxaJl6BYD1w~z73hHA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":33936641,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/33936641/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"EvMan_24_April_2009.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33936641/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Evolutionary_Manifesto.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/33936641/EvMan_24_April_2009-libre.pdf?1402632954=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Evolutionary_Manifesto.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413058\u0026Signature=BdF8VJcUw~0wiyOWz3F34KkZQPtFhM4f0ZkMe6Jr7iQUMcRrvKXUEHKZh8RTW2sFji0gsegZ0TmcEFLcoK4pOiB3kpPNqMp9xhJ8O3fGyT1aBkeixmPFuGpGv-56zb8nmhCKcMYJ3Cz7pTPnNXsc1TIrCYYwzwG2x0qbatORDNWDCIjo3OKvTN1BTfS8nt4mu1HPfsyp3K2bqG-GufpDr8KXkaVncwAn3x73p314tDLOgChiy29lD5SlrFxoT5dOs05~F8w126EPI~z0Z47eD30wO0gxxM~EtqOroyYgmkG0jwjO-AMy6oRyMVZo2wJOWNy2FihOlXym2xoOSNe5QA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology"},{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":3660,"name":"Global Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Governance"},{"id":5777,"name":"Evolutionary Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Ethics"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":19741,"name":"Big History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Big_History"},{"id":20119,"name":"Major Transitions (Evolution)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Major_Transitions_Evolution_"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="7432430" id="drafts"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="72517182"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/72517182/RNAs_Role_in_the_Origins_of_Life_An_Agentic_Manager_or_Recipient_of_Off_loaded_Constraints"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of RNA's Role in the Origins of Life: An Agentic 'Manager', or Recipient of 'Off-loaded' Constraints" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81413672/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/72517182/RNAs_Role_in_the_Origins_of_Life_An_Agentic_Manager_or_Recipient_of_Off_loaded_Constraints">RNA's Role in the Origins of Life: An Agentic 'Manager', or Recipient of 'Off-loaded' Constraints</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Biosemiotics</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In his Target Article, Terrence Deacon develops simple models that assist in understanding the ro...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In his Target Article, Terrence Deacon develops simple models that assist in understanding the role of RNA in the origins of life. However, his models fail to adequately represent an important evolutionary dynamic. Central to this dynamic is the selection that impinges on RNA molecules in the context of their association with proto-metabolisms. This selection shapes the role of RNA in the emergence of life. When this evolutionary dynamic is appropriately taken into account, it predicts a role for RNA that is consistent with the Managed-Metabolism Hypothesis about the origins of life, and inconsistent with Deacon's account.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="069890aeaa591263be0a88c6d5e67b4b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":81413672,"asset_id":72517182,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81413672/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="72517182"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="72517182"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72517182; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=72517182]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=72517182]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72517182; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='72517182']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 72517182, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "069890aeaa591263be0a88c6d5e67b4b" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=72517182]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":72517182,"title":"RNA's Role in the Origins of Life: An Agentic 'Manager', or Recipient of 'Off-loaded' Constraints","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1007/s12304-021-09450-y","abstract":"In his Target Article, Terrence Deacon develops simple models that assist in understanding the role of RNA in the origins of life. However, his models fail to adequately represent an important evolutionary dynamic. Central to this dynamic is the selection that impinges on RNA molecules in the context of their association with proto-metabolisms. This selection shapes the role of RNA in the emergence of life. When this evolutionary dynamic is appropriately taken into account, it predicts a role for RNA that is consistent with the Managed-Metabolism Hypothesis about the origins of life, and inconsistent with Deacon's account.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Biosemiotics"},"translated_abstract":"In his Target Article, Terrence Deacon develops simple models that assist in understanding the role of RNA in the origins of life. However, his models fail to adequately represent an important evolutionary dynamic. Central to this dynamic is the selection that impinges on RNA molecules in the context of their association with proto-metabolisms. This selection shapes the role of RNA in the emergence of life. When this evolutionary dynamic is appropriately taken into account, it predicts a role for RNA that is consistent with the Managed-Metabolism Hypothesis about the origins of life, and inconsistent with Deacon's account.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/72517182/RNAs_Role_in_the_Origins_of_Life_An_Agentic_Manager_or_Recipient_of_Off_loaded_Constraints","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-02-26T15:58:43.802-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"draft","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81413672,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81413672/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"PreprintDeaconComment.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81413672/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"RNAs_Role_in_the_Origins_of_Life_An_Agen.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/81413672/PreprintDeaconComment-libre.pdf?1645923330=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRNAs_Role_in_the_Origins_of_Life_An_Agen.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=KHIdw9hGBmagJB~r5WgoUdMCgpnVQvXpw-T-wmng0JGgKJa49PTzq3f7EAhHaasBbvPn~gdXyz~J~muzR6Oc1ofkVuHVvJv2Bw0KDDbd02uKaq4Rdxrq1hGmL4oZ62X1DGXl7oAhRcUrUfxpy7ZLXyV6KyMr8djDjDWCd9AGENjfmdxe5sAPn5R2gzGATrnhBoan7u75bS1CdvNei93Ep5oCVPQ-4aqYVaxMgtAcVjjivU~X~WrMMB3Z7Wu6VnsGX1UAwVK8gopOPOuOwr8w3XTu0UsPxXCW46bTJ5OhOzhueuvgvssoQmDCUQUb24shzEiaLVn8hUgIWJabGDxXIg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"RNAs_Role_in_the_Origins_of_Life_An_Agentic_Manager_or_Recipient_of_Off_loaded_Constraints","translated_slug":"","page_count":7,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":81413672,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81413672/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"PreprintDeaconComment.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81413672/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"RNAs_Role_in_the_Origins_of_Life_An_Agen.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/81413672/PreprintDeaconComment-libre.pdf?1645923330=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRNAs_Role_in_the_Origins_of_Life_An_Agen.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=KHIdw9hGBmagJB~r5WgoUdMCgpnVQvXpw-T-wmng0JGgKJa49PTzq3f7EAhHaasBbvPn~gdXyz~J~muzR6Oc1ofkVuHVvJv2Bw0KDDbd02uKaq4Rdxrq1hGmL4oZ62X1DGXl7oAhRcUrUfxpy7ZLXyV6KyMr8djDjDWCd9AGENjfmdxe5sAPn5R2gzGATrnhBoan7u75bS1CdvNei93Ep5oCVPQ-4aqYVaxMgtAcVjjivU~X~WrMMB3Z7Wu6VnsGX1UAwVK8gopOPOuOwr8w3XTu0UsPxXCW46bTJ5OhOzhueuvgvssoQmDCUQUb24shzEiaLVn8hUgIWJabGDxXIg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":98,"name":"Semiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotics"},{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology"},{"id":4315,"name":"Origins of Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_of_Life"},{"id":9231,"name":"Biosemiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biosemiotics"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":29372,"name":"RNA viruses","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RNA_viruses"},{"id":353527,"name":"Protocells","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protocells"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36523162"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36523162/Strategies_for_Advancing_Evolution"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Strategies for Advancing Evolution" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56441789/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36523162/Strategies_for_Advancing_Evolution">Strategies for Advancing Evolution</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">As detailed in The Evolutionary Manifesto and Evolution’s Arrow, an understanding of the large-sc...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">As detailed in The Evolutionary Manifesto and Evolution’s Arrow, an understanding of the large-scale processes that govern the evolution of life is capable of making sense of human existence.  This evolutionary worldview is revealing that we are not just meaningless accidents in a universe that is indifferent to our existence.  Instead it shows that humanity has a critical role to play in the future evolution of life on this planet and in the universe.<br /><br />But what specifically do we need to do to advance the evolutionary process and ensure that humanity successfully fulfils its role in the future evolution of life?  This paper uses the direction of evolution to answer this fundamental question.  It identifies the next great steps in evolution on Earth, and devises strategies that will help actualize those steps.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3ae5ec9515bcda105a09b0be83c62e11" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":56441789,"asset_id":36523162,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56441789/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36523162"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36523162"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36523162; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36523162]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36523162]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36523162; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='36523162']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36523162, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3ae5ec9515bcda105a09b0be83c62e11" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=36523162]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":36523162,"title":"Strategies for Advancing Evolution","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"As detailed in The Evolutionary Manifesto and Evolution’s Arrow, an understanding of the large-scale processes that govern the evolution of life is capable of making sense of human existence. This evolutionary worldview is revealing that we are not just meaningless accidents in a universe that is indifferent to our existence. Instead it shows that humanity has a critical role to play in the future evolution of life on this planet and in the universe.\n\nBut what specifically do we need to do to advance the evolutionary process and ensure that humanity successfully fulfils its role in the future evolution of life? This paper uses the direction of evolution to answer this fundamental question. It identifies the next great steps in evolution on Earth, and devises strategies that will help actualize those steps.\n"},"translated_abstract":"As detailed in The Evolutionary Manifesto and Evolution’s Arrow, an understanding of the large-scale processes that govern the evolution of life is capable of making sense of human existence. This evolutionary worldview is revealing that we are not just meaningless accidents in a universe that is indifferent to our existence. Instead it shows that humanity has a critical role to play in the future evolution of life on this planet and in the universe.\n\nBut what specifically do we need to do to advance the evolutionary process and ensure that humanity successfully fulfils its role in the future evolution of life? This paper uses the direction of evolution to answer this fundamental question. It identifies the next great steps in evolution on Earth, and devises strategies that will help actualize those steps.\n","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36523162/Strategies_for_Advancing_Evolution","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-04-28T00:39:03.622-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"draft","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56441789,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56441789/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"strategies.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56441789/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Strategies_for_Advancing_Evolution.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56441789/strategies-libre.pdf?1524901701=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DStrategies_for_Advancing_Evolution.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=gt7upHz0mb8sqmiDeF2a07aJnkRvcy5Gh7wOX6Ds-1hEXBvHLvPzAgQHMzSa-Apqgj0BRL~VfAI4UYrBs1PEEJxAMbNwOU2hsN8DYVvCNnuCvVy3nn7lfxAd7ATGFaBbu80ZuQm7tFTBc5RomXSxqZiCajNzYYppeUy~-ABf3iS5JLvv7QvaT71hRQuWNGgYoKIQnrWg~KiuKl7qiMNCVXvr9cja~hhDVDhUDLkKXA1htmLhcVU8gz1fb9fdogjncrEGlDh-gAFy8kigTYT-zT9jVlDttvi7vl5FpDfVzHx18pTJaWtwqPxRaoGyDF-vRk5nBEGfJSlR5snJ4EKtAA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Strategies_for_Advancing_Evolution","translated_slug":"","page_count":24,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":56441789,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56441789/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"strategies.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56441789/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Strategies_for_Advancing_Evolution.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56441789/strategies-libre.pdf?1524901701=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DStrategies_for_Advancing_Evolution.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=gt7upHz0mb8sqmiDeF2a07aJnkRvcy5Gh7wOX6Ds-1hEXBvHLvPzAgQHMzSa-Apqgj0BRL~VfAI4UYrBs1PEEJxAMbNwOU2hsN8DYVvCNnuCvVy3nn7lfxAd7ATGFaBbu80ZuQm7tFTBc5RomXSxqZiCajNzYYppeUy~-ABf3iS5JLvv7QvaT71hRQuWNGgYoKIQnrWg~KiuKl7qiMNCVXvr9cja~hhDVDhUDLkKXA1htmLhcVU8gz1fb9fdogjncrEGlDh-gAFy8kigTYT-zT9jVlDttvi7vl5FpDfVzHx18pTJaWtwqPxRaoGyDF-vRk5nBEGfJSlR5snJ4EKtAA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":24440,"name":"Long Term Evolution (LTE)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Long_Term_Evolution_LTE_"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36307514"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36307514/Metaevolution"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Metaevolution" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56214626/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36307514/Metaevolution">Metaevolution</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This article presents a general theory of the evolution of the evolutionary mechanisms that disco...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This article presents a general theory of the evolution of the evolutionary mechanisms that discover and perpetuate adaptations in living systems. I propose that new evolutionary mechanisms arise because they overcome the limitation in the ability of evolutionary mechanisms that operate at the level of individual entities to systematically discover beneficial cooperative arrangements between the individuals. Evolutionary mechanisms that arise to overcome this limitation are hierarchical in structure. This is because the limitation can be comprehensively overcome by a form of organization in which arrangements intervene across a dynamic of individuals to sustain beneficial cooperative adaptations. These intervening arrangements must be in hierarchical relationship with the dynamic of interacting individuals if they are to escape the limitations of the evolutionary processes that operate at the level of individuals in the dynamic. Variation in these interventions, and sorting of this variation on the basis of its benefit to the organization, will allow beneficial cooperative adaptations to be discovered and sustained. The repeated arising of evolutionary mechanisms in this way produces the familiar nested hierarchies of living processes, and, as each new level of organization is formed, extends the scope in space and time of cooperation among living processes. The paper identifies other key metaevolutionary trends within and across levels of organization of living processes, and considers the evolution of human organization from this metaevolutionary perspective.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="955e011e990e0ac465b6673c619179a3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":56214626,"asset_id":36307514,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56214626/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36307514"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36307514"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36307514; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36307514]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36307514]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36307514; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='36307514']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36307514, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "955e011e990e0ac465b6673c619179a3" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=36307514]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":36307514,"title":"Metaevolution","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This article presents a general theory of the evolution of the evolutionary mechanisms that discover and perpetuate adaptations in living systems. I propose that new evolutionary mechanisms arise because they overcome the limitation in the ability of evolutionary mechanisms that operate at the level of individual entities to systematically discover beneficial cooperative arrangements between the individuals. Evolutionary mechanisms that arise to overcome this limitation are hierarchical in structure. This is because the limitation can be comprehensively overcome by a form of organization in which arrangements intervene across a dynamic of individuals to sustain beneficial cooperative adaptations. These intervening arrangements must be in hierarchical relationship with the dynamic of interacting individuals if they are to escape the limitations of the evolutionary processes that operate at the level of individuals in the dynamic. Variation in these interventions, and sorting of this variation on the basis of its benefit to the organization, will allow beneficial cooperative adaptations to be discovered and sustained. The repeated arising of evolutionary mechanisms in this way produces the familiar nested hierarchies of living processes, and, as each new level of organization is formed, extends the scope in space and time of cooperation among living processes. The paper identifies other key metaevolutionary trends within and across levels of organization of living processes, and considers the evolution of human organization from this metaevolutionary perspective."},"translated_abstract":"This article presents a general theory of the evolution of the evolutionary mechanisms that discover and perpetuate adaptations in living systems. I propose that new evolutionary mechanisms arise because they overcome the limitation in the ability of evolutionary mechanisms that operate at the level of individual entities to systematically discover beneficial cooperative arrangements between the individuals. Evolutionary mechanisms that arise to overcome this limitation are hierarchical in structure. This is because the limitation can be comprehensively overcome by a form of organization in which arrangements intervene across a dynamic of individuals to sustain beneficial cooperative adaptations. These intervening arrangements must be in hierarchical relationship with the dynamic of interacting individuals if they are to escape the limitations of the evolutionary processes that operate at the level of individuals in the dynamic. Variation in these interventions, and sorting of this variation on the basis of its benefit to the organization, will allow beneficial cooperative adaptations to be discovered and sustained. The repeated arising of evolutionary mechanisms in this way produces the familiar nested hierarchies of living processes, and, as each new level of organization is formed, extends the scope in space and time of cooperation among living processes. The paper identifies other key metaevolutionary trends within and across levels of organization of living processes, and considers the evolution of human organization from this metaevolutionary perspective.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36307514/Metaevolution","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-04-02T00:37:03.787-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"draft","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56214626,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56214626/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"MetaevolutionPreprint.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56214626/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Metaevolution.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56214626/MetaevolutionPreprint-libre.pdf?1522655027=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMetaevolution.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=gZ6ZjDOyaUbkjuM37wZvSunSi1jGwwFKm-hz6vWw6TPhe-PF3ln1LyUDBRQOWwclNJ9YwxYv9QdJjClqQXQ-Z-tvZa9Pa1JL7juAkw69DnF2xKbVddUCC2MCbf18ZczMF8T-uKI2GbZ3iInNijVUlTS~nvQcz-QJQgaQf~bWLVGs-sSMxVNZpMfum2AMbe3p1LS4l2P~uOsnUHYRL6EtAJP2kvLMbPtbEPOnjbpVPxgS0eusKWdJrf0vK9YA8AR9OZF0DT~jYalpTXuGJjZNQjitNz5cG~myDbNv-9JTUOtiBuSEmESmzYpjeh6WBJOTzEUFVGiabL7cEQb5F5fQ0w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Metaevolution","translated_slug":"","page_count":35,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":56214626,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56214626/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"MetaevolutionPreprint.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56214626/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Metaevolution.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56214626/MetaevolutionPreprint-libre.pdf?1522655027=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMetaevolution.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=gZ6ZjDOyaUbkjuM37wZvSunSi1jGwwFKm-hz6vWw6TPhe-PF3ln1LyUDBRQOWwclNJ9YwxYv9QdJjClqQXQ-Z-tvZa9Pa1JL7juAkw69DnF2xKbVddUCC2MCbf18ZczMF8T-uKI2GbZ3iInNijVUlTS~nvQcz-QJQgaQf~bWLVGs-sSMxVNZpMfum2AMbe3p1LS4l2P~uOsnUHYRL6EtAJP2kvLMbPtbEPOnjbpVPxgS0eusKWdJrf0vK9YA8AR9OZF0DT~jYalpTXuGJjZNQjitNz5cG~myDbNv-9JTUOtiBuSEmESmzYpjeh6WBJOTzEUFVGiabL7cEQb5F5fQ0w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology"},{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":2894,"name":"Evolution of cooperation (Evolutionary Biology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_cooperation_Evolutionary_Biology_"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":20119,"name":"Major Transitions (Evolution)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Major_Transitions_Evolution_"},{"id":24440,"name":"Long Term Evolution (LTE)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Long_Term_Evolution_LTE_"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36168425"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36168425/EVOLUTIONARY_TRANSITIONS_AND_ARTIFICIAL_LIFE"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56066228/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36168425/EVOLUTIONARY_TRANSITIONS_AND_ARTIFICIAL_LIFE">EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A major challenge for artificial life is to synthesize the evolutionary transitions that have rep...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A major challenge for artificial life is to synthesize the evolutionary transitions that have repeatedly formed differentiated higher-level entities from cooperative organizations of lower-level entities, producing the nested hierarchical structure of living processes. This article identifies the key elements and relationships that must be incorporated or synthesized in an artificial life system if these transitions are to emerge. The processes currently included in artificial life systems are unable to provide an adequate basis for the emergence of the complex cooperative organization that is essential to the transitions. A new theory of the evolution of cooperative organization is developed that points to the additional processes that must be included in artificial life systems to underpin the emergence of the transitions.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="da003df720febef18eea4d3192c66fa5" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":56066228,"asset_id":36168425,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56066228/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36168425"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36168425"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36168425; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36168425]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36168425]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36168425; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='36168425']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36168425, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "da003df720febef18eea4d3192c66fa5" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=36168425]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":36168425,"title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"A major challenge for artificial life is to synthesize the evolutionary transitions that have repeatedly formed differentiated higher-level entities from cooperative organizations of lower-level entities, producing the nested hierarchical structure of living processes. This article identifies the key elements and relationships that must be incorporated or synthesized in an artificial life system if these transitions are to emerge. The processes currently included in artificial life systems are unable to provide an adequate basis for the emergence of the complex cooperative organization that is essential to the transitions. A new theory of the evolution of cooperative organization is developed that points to the additional processes that must be included in artificial life systems to underpin the emergence of the transitions."},"translated_abstract":"A major challenge for artificial life is to synthesize the evolutionary transitions that have repeatedly formed differentiated higher-level entities from cooperative organizations of lower-level entities, producing the nested hierarchical structure of living processes. This article identifies the key elements and relationships that must be incorporated or synthesized in an artificial life system if these transitions are to emerge. The processes currently included in artificial life systems are unable to provide an adequate basis for the emergence of the complex cooperative organization that is essential to the transitions. A new theory of the evolution of cooperative organization is developed that points to the additional processes that must be included in artificial life systems to underpin the emergence of the transitions.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36168425/EVOLUTIONARY_TRANSITIONS_AND_ARTIFICIAL_LIFE","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-03-15T01:52:59.774-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"draft","co_author_tags":[{"id":31194269,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6647389,"email":"j***t@dir.ausgovdir.telememo.at","display_order":1,"name":"J. Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194270,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2930395,"email":"j***t@uchsc.edu","display_order":2,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194271,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2930396,"email":"j***t@sci.monash.edu.au","display_order":3,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194272,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4535963,"email":"j***2@dera.gov.uk","display_order":4,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194273,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4535964,"email":"j***t@damtp.cam.ac.uk","display_order":5,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194274,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":843192,"email":"j***t@utc.fr","display_order":6,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194275,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":33089699,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***t@bournemouth.ac.uk","affiliation":"Bournemouth University","display_order":7,"name":"John R. Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194276,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2807398,"email":"s***t@uchsc.edu","display_order":8,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194277,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2807401,"email":"j***t@qub.ac.uk","display_order":9,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194278,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":27998299,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***t@dpi.nsw.gov.au","display_order":10,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194279,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":23230576,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"g***n@gmail.com","display_order":11,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194280,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":5741665,"email":"p***e@gmail.com","display_order":12,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194281,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4535965,"email":"j***t@lanl.gov","display_order":14,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194282,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":5741666,"email":"j***t@muhc.mcgill.ca","display_order":15,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194283,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":1868596,"email":"j***t@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":16,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"},{"id":31194284,"work_id":36168425,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":48183865,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***r@wakehealth.edu","display_order":17,"name":"John Stewart","title":"EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITIONS AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56066228,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56066228/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"EarlierVersionETandAI.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56066228/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"EVOLUTIONARY_TRANSITIONS_AND_ARTIFICIAL.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56066228/EarlierVersionETandAI-libre.pdf?1521104273=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEVOLUTIONARY_TRANSITIONS_AND_ARTIFICIAL.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=gtrWQ5LBVNN3Gw8XwdyYdvFs~oI6Pro03qvUsESsN-wJveTe4MYoB8oFAs88RreOl3Yf-U9QFI7g5sn5bRdwPATUfn2bgDaXx9O0PlStmt9PN2r9x0gVAnW0d~xMnHZmh1PfaKqdolJMjLUpxdHuwplNR3iQ8a4cG0E0oPq4Is6PmW1N6PIhbj5NpurobX8jLBb05k7nYX7ayil0pbYa0jWAaB31-t8Gc7L7wZuSHzHvgeSTU3clXiYsb16FpW4gGjDXgLjkXDwK~Ujv-B1HcsTyNrhwiHUJ~JjdxjmeuLdlZhFKmwXc6TQy1op0ClvnIDhe7z3QQG0tzEsSW-Y4Ig__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"EVOLUTIONARY_TRANSITIONS_AND_ARTIFICIAL_LIFE","translated_slug":"","page_count":28,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":56066228,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56066228/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"EarlierVersionETandAI.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56066228/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"EVOLUTIONARY_TRANSITIONS_AND_ARTIFICIAL.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56066228/EarlierVersionETandAI-libre.pdf?1521104273=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEVOLUTIONARY_TRANSITIONS_AND_ARTIFICIAL.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=gtrWQ5LBVNN3Gw8XwdyYdvFs~oI6Pro03qvUsESsN-wJveTe4MYoB8oFAs88RreOl3Yf-U9QFI7g5sn5bRdwPATUfn2bgDaXx9O0PlStmt9PN2r9x0gVAnW0d~xMnHZmh1PfaKqdolJMjLUpxdHuwplNR3iQ8a4cG0E0oPq4Is6PmW1N6PIhbj5NpurobX8jLBb05k7nYX7ayil0pbYa0jWAaB31-t8Gc7L7wZuSHzHvgeSTU3clXiYsb16FpW4gGjDXgLjkXDwK~Ujv-B1HcsTyNrhwiHUJ~JjdxjmeuLdlZhFKmwXc6TQy1op0ClvnIDhe7z3QQG0tzEsSW-Y4Ig__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2894,"name":"Evolution of cooperation (Evolutionary Biology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_cooperation_Evolutionary_Biology_"},{"id":4315,"name":"Origins of Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_of_Life"},{"id":11096,"name":"Cultural Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Evolution"},{"id":137179,"name":"Origin of Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origin_of_Life"},{"id":258120,"name":"The future evolution of life in the universe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_future_evolution_of_life_in_the_universe"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36157257"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36157257/THE_MEANING_OF_LIFE_IN_A_DEVELOPING_UNIVERSE"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of THE MEANING OF LIFE IN A DEVELOPING UNIVERSE" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56049602/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36157257/THE_MEANING_OF_LIFE_IN_A_DEVELOPING_UNIVERSE">THE MEANING OF LIFE IN A DEVELOPING UNIVERSE</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The evolution of life on Earth has produced an organism that is beginning to model and understand...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The evolution of life on Earth has produced an organism that is beginning to model and understand its own evolution and the possible future evolution of life in the universe. These models and associated evidence show that evolution on Earth has a trajectory. The scale over which living processes are organized cooperatively has increased progressively, as has its evolvability. Recent theoretical advances raise the possibility that this trajectory is itself part of a wider developmental process. According to these theories, the developmental process has been shaped by a yet larger evolutionary dynamic that involves the reproduction of universes. This evolutionary dynamic has tuned the key parameters of the universe to increase the likelihood that life will emerge and produce outcomes that are successful in the larger process (e.g. a key outcome may be to produce life and intelligence that intentionally reproduces the universe and tunes the parameters of 'offspring' universes). Theory suggests that when life emerges on a planet, it moves along this trajectory of its own accord. However, at a particular point evolution will continue to advance only if organisms emerge that decide to advance the developmental process intentionally. The organisms must be prepared to make this commitment even though the ultimate nature and destination of the process is uncertain, and may forever remain unknown. Organisms that complete this transition to intentional evolution will drive the further development of life and intelligence in the universe. Humanity's increasing understanding of the evolution of life in the universe is rapidly bringing it to the threshold of this major evolutionary transition.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ab6c7dd1ee7eb5354d3b4bb9d2f4c845" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":56049602,"asset_id":36157257,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56049602/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36157257"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36157257"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36157257; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36157257]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36157257]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36157257; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='36157257']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36157257, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ab6c7dd1ee7eb5354d3b4bb9d2f4c845" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=36157257]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":36157257,"title":"THE MEANING OF LIFE IN A DEVELOPING UNIVERSE","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The evolution of life on Earth has produced an organism that is beginning to model and understand its own evolution and the possible future evolution of life in the universe. These models and associated evidence show that evolution on Earth has a trajectory. The scale over which living processes are organized cooperatively has increased progressively, as has its evolvability. Recent theoretical advances raise the possibility that this trajectory is itself part of a wider developmental process. According to these theories, the developmental process has been shaped by a yet larger evolutionary dynamic that involves the reproduction of universes. This evolutionary dynamic has tuned the key parameters of the universe to increase the likelihood that life will emerge and produce outcomes that are successful in the larger process (e.g. a key outcome may be to produce life and intelligence that intentionally reproduces the universe and tunes the parameters of 'offspring' universes). Theory suggests that when life emerges on a planet, it moves along this trajectory of its own accord. However, at a particular point evolution will continue to advance only if organisms emerge that decide to advance the developmental process intentionally. The organisms must be prepared to make this commitment even though the ultimate nature and destination of the process is uncertain, and may forever remain unknown. Organisms that complete this transition to intentional evolution will drive the further development of life and intelligence in the universe. Humanity's increasing understanding of the evolution of life in the universe is rapidly bringing it to the threshold of this major evolutionary transition."},"translated_abstract":"The evolution of life on Earth has produced an organism that is beginning to model and understand its own evolution and the possible future evolution of life in the universe. These models and associated evidence show that evolution on Earth has a trajectory. The scale over which living processes are organized cooperatively has increased progressively, as has its evolvability. Recent theoretical advances raise the possibility that this trajectory is itself part of a wider developmental process. According to these theories, the developmental process has been shaped by a yet larger evolutionary dynamic that involves the reproduction of universes. This evolutionary dynamic has tuned the key parameters of the universe to increase the likelihood that life will emerge and produce outcomes that are successful in the larger process (e.g. a key outcome may be to produce life and intelligence that intentionally reproduces the universe and tunes the parameters of 'offspring' universes). Theory suggests that when life emerges on a planet, it moves along this trajectory of its own accord. However, at a particular point evolution will continue to advance only if organisms emerge that decide to advance the developmental process intentionally. The organisms must be prepared to make this commitment even though the ultimate nature and destination of the process is uncertain, and may forever remain unknown. Organisms that complete this transition to intentional evolution will drive the further development of life and intelligence in the universe. Humanity's increasing understanding of the evolution of life in the universe is rapidly bringing it to the threshold of this major evolutionary transition.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36157257/THE_MEANING_OF_LIFE_IN_A_DEVELOPING_UNIVERSE","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-03-13T17:20:35.060-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"draft","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56049602,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56049602/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"StewartMeaningofLife.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56049602/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"THE_MEANING_OF_LIFE_IN_A_DEVELOPING_UNIV.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56049602/StewartMeaningofLife-libre.pdf?1520987372=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTHE_MEANING_OF_LIFE_IN_A_DEVELOPING_UNIV.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=Lv6qBiHMW5bbu56PEq1S4RdFs4Y1kcEE5cbeCywEgy8dJQsF0DUzOMZA3xz6rUrhSh2FMkxlk7NmeC04W5tOlvO~Pc8uT6F1YPKDRHt8lrhjKAZJ9XYeRRZuQHyu81DcPqS4BSkh~PBFowWssiF~NimHAO7-kqYij~eDU~HXonb0uf2PcXLrDfJYMD59wOCd8nyzjfA4~jChaZN9OqO4oVz7I1AS2xdMo3qbzqmppdkpEnrbXskJX~lnBjguewKcVIT4dJyCxw8qebTcw6Bf4gRcZqS~RFmySoyTOfvoF4OIyhUe3ZRJQkF2oXa9HE9BdNzZBJ8it2nGi9IAjkbHQg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"THE_MEANING_OF_LIFE_IN_A_DEVELOPING_UNIVERSE","translated_slug":"","page_count":17,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":56049602,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56049602/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"StewartMeaningofLife.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56049602/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"THE_MEANING_OF_LIFE_IN_A_DEVELOPING_UNIV.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56049602/StewartMeaningofLife-libre.pdf?1520987372=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTHE_MEANING_OF_LIFE_IN_A_DEVELOPING_UNIV.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=Lv6qBiHMW5bbu56PEq1S4RdFs4Y1kcEE5cbeCywEgy8dJQsF0DUzOMZA3xz6rUrhSh2FMkxlk7NmeC04W5tOlvO~Pc8uT6F1YPKDRHt8lrhjKAZJ9XYeRRZuQHyu81DcPqS4BSkh~PBFowWssiF~NimHAO7-kqYij~eDU~HXonb0uf2PcXLrDfJYMD59wOCd8nyzjfA4~jChaZN9OqO4oVz7I1AS2xdMo3qbzqmppdkpEnrbXskJX~lnBjguewKcVIT4dJyCxw8qebTcw6Bf4gRcZqS~RFmySoyTOfvoF4OIyhUe3ZRJQkF2oXa9HE9BdNzZBJ8it2nGi9IAjkbHQg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology"},{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":2894,"name":"Evolution of cooperation (Evolutionary Biology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_cooperation_Evolutionary_Biology_"},{"id":3940,"name":"Evolutionary Developmental Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Developmental_Biology"},{"id":4213,"name":"Evolution of Morality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Morality"},{"id":24440,"name":"Long Term Evolution (LTE)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Long_Term_Evolution_LTE_"},{"id":32511,"name":"Evo-Devo (Developmental Biology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evo-Devo_Developmental_Biology_"},{"id":36274,"name":"Universal Evolutionary Development (Evo Devo) Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Universal_Evolutionary_Development_Evo_Devo_Studies"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36123866"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36123866/THE_EVOLUTION_OF_GENETIC_COGNITION"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56016406/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36123866/THE_EVOLUTION_OF_GENETIC_COGNITION">THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">As well as discovering and optimizing adaptations, natural selection acting on a genetic system w...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">As well as discovering and optimizing adaptations, natural selection acting on a genetic system will also discover and optimize processes which discover and optimize adaptations. However, attempts to account for the evolution of processes such as mutation, recombination, and sexual reproduction on this basis have encountered a fundamental difficulty—these processes will be selected against during periods in which there is little benefit in testing alternatives and in discovering new adaptations, e.g., when environmental conditions are constant. This difficulty will be overcome by processes which are able to survive these periods despite any selective disadvantage. This can be achieved by processes in which the rate of production of variation, and therefore the rate at which the process is removed from the population during these periods, is sufficiently low. Selection will favor processes of this type which are best at cost-effectively discovering new adaptations when there is advantage in testing alternatives, e.g., when circumstances change sufficiently. Selection will enhance this ability by optimizing the frequency and the content of the variation which is produced, and will organize the genetic system hierarchically. This hierarchic organization will reduce the amount of trial and error needed to discover adaptations, and will tend to preserve general, " default " adaptations. Genetic systems which include recombination will be superior at discovering adaptations than systems which do not, providing an advantage to sexual reproduction in widely applicable circumstances.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b1cc0a0ca08686f9543fd6dc4c7ca25f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":56016406,"asset_id":36123866,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56016406/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36123866"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36123866"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36123866; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36123866]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36123866]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36123866; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='36123866']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36123866, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b1cc0a0ca08686f9543fd6dc4c7ca25f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=36123866]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":36123866,"title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"As well as discovering and optimizing adaptations, natural selection acting on a genetic system will also discover and optimize processes which discover and optimize adaptations. However, attempts to account for the evolution of processes such as mutation, recombination, and sexual reproduction on this basis have encountered a fundamental difficulty—these processes will be selected against during periods in which there is little benefit in testing alternatives and in discovering new adaptations, e.g., when environmental conditions are constant. This difficulty will be overcome by processes which are able to survive these periods despite any selective disadvantage. This can be achieved by processes in which the rate of production of variation, and therefore the rate at which the process is removed from the population during these periods, is sufficiently low. Selection will favor processes of this type which are best at cost-effectively discovering new adaptations when there is advantage in testing alternatives, e.g., when circumstances change sufficiently. Selection will enhance this ability by optimizing the frequency and the content of the variation which is produced, and will organize the genetic system hierarchically. This hierarchic organization will reduce the amount of trial and error needed to discover adaptations, and will tend to preserve general, \" default \" adaptations. Genetic systems which include recombination will be superior at discovering adaptations than systems which do not, providing an advantage to sexual reproduction in widely applicable circumstances."},"translated_abstract":"As well as discovering and optimizing adaptations, natural selection acting on a genetic system will also discover and optimize processes which discover and optimize adaptations. However, attempts to account for the evolution of processes such as mutation, recombination, and sexual reproduction on this basis have encountered a fundamental difficulty—these processes will be selected against during periods in which there is little benefit in testing alternatives and in discovering new adaptations, e.g., when environmental conditions are constant. This difficulty will be overcome by processes which are able to survive these periods despite any selective disadvantage. This can be achieved by processes in which the rate of production of variation, and therefore the rate at which the process is removed from the population during these periods, is sufficiently low. Selection will favor processes of this type which are best at cost-effectively discovering new adaptations when there is advantage in testing alternatives, e.g., when circumstances change sufficiently. Selection will enhance this ability by optimizing the frequency and the content of the variation which is produced, and will organize the genetic system hierarchically. This hierarchic organization will reduce the amount of trial and error needed to discover adaptations, and will tend to preserve general, \" default \" adaptations. Genetic systems which include recombination will be superior at discovering adaptations than systems which do not, providing an advantage to sexual reproduction in widely applicable circumstances.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36123866/THE_EVOLUTION_OF_GENETIC_COGNITION","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-03-10T01:00:16.224-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"draft","co_author_tags":[{"id":31171857,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":1719943,"co_author_invite_id":6644603,"email":"f***n@gmail.com","affiliation":"Free University of Brussels","display_order":1,"name":"John E Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171858,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":5741665,"email":"p***e@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171859,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":843192,"email":"j***t@utc.fr","display_order":3,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171860,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4535963,"email":"j***2@dera.gov.uk","display_order":4,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171861,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4535964,"email":"j***t@damtp.cam.ac.uk","display_order":5,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171862,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4535965,"email":"j***t@lanl.gov","display_order":6,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171863,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":5741666,"email":"j***t@muhc.mcgill.ca","display_order":7,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171864,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2930395,"email":"j***t@uchsc.edu","display_order":8,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171865,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":27998299,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***t@dpi.nsw.gov.au","display_order":9,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171866,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2930396,"email":"j***t@sci.monash.edu.au","display_order":10,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171867,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":33089699,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***t@bournemouth.ac.uk","affiliation":"Bournemouth University","display_order":11,"name":"John R. Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171868,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2807398,"email":"s***t@uchsc.edu","display_order":12,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171869,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2807401,"email":"j***t@qub.ac.uk","display_order":13,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171870,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":23230576,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"g***n@gmail.com","display_order":14,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171871,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":1868596,"email":"j***t@gcal.ac.uk","display_order":15,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"},{"id":31171872,"work_id":36123866,"tagging_user_id":1719943,"tagged_user_id":48183865,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***r@wakehealth.edu","display_order":16,"name":"John Stewart","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC COGNITION"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56016406,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56016406/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"GenCog.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56016406/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"THE_EVOLUTION_OF_GENETIC_COGNITION.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56016406/GenCog-libre.pdf?1520672719=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTHE_EVOLUTION_OF_GENETIC_COGNITION.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=UFAYB4LlS3tyAACF5UvDQYXl2ryMrrJhL2qxU92JgaUpwXoH1Y5yj7TkSS5wdaOJ1wmNEkNMq5WpcrTaSatJCgsR7HJLu2VvWHXBkhEUA6bc2b8Yv8elYPKWx6RzgeWfSZzfp2DsqvVB7Z~pp6HbQ76iU0-ZsfLeAFQEOOgqVFXYOGZP5nqNX8R459ri7d6ukf-uU6wiz88duYWsyyzd2xLxfgQm3-x3lKCNs~iNY2F9NpPikqzP~5KcQp77~tqMD3cSfF1-xZbszDLpcO7OTewrUx-Aa2ASsYROsxHRR3z5cYxxDxP4gZc1VKYkLsshAEjEv-YgbNLwo-Kf7zrEpQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"THE_EVOLUTION_OF_GENETIC_COGNITION","translated_slug":"","page_count":20,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":56016406,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56016406/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"GenCog.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56016406/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"THE_EVOLUTION_OF_GENETIC_COGNITION.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56016406/GenCog-libre.pdf?1520672719=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTHE_EVOLUTION_OF_GENETIC_COGNITION.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=UFAYB4LlS3tyAACF5UvDQYXl2ryMrrJhL2qxU92JgaUpwXoH1Y5yj7TkSS5wdaOJ1wmNEkNMq5WpcrTaSatJCgsR7HJLu2VvWHXBkhEUA6bc2b8Yv8elYPKWx6RzgeWfSZzfp2DsqvVB7Z~pp6HbQ76iU0-ZsfLeAFQEOOgqVFXYOGZP5nqNX8R459ri7d6ukf-uU6wiz88duYWsyyzd2xLxfgQm3-x3lKCNs~iNY2F9NpPikqzP~5KcQp77~tqMD3cSfF1-xZbszDLpcO7OTewrUx-Aa2ASsYROsxHRR3z5cYxxDxP4gZc1VKYkLsshAEjEv-YgbNLwo-Kf7zrEpQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology"},{"id":4311,"name":"Evolution of Sexual Reproduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Sexual_Reproduction"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":15154,"name":"Evolution of Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Cognition"},{"id":214492,"name":"Evolvability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolvability"},{"id":569028,"name":"Genetic Recombination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Recombination"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34554662"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34554662/Self_Organization_and_The_Origins_of_Life_The_Managed_Metabolism_Hypothesis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Self-Organization and The Origins of Life: The Managed- Metabolism Hypothesis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54419885/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34554662/Self_Organization_and_The_Origins_of_Life_The_Managed_Metabolism_Hypothesis">Self-Organization and The Origins of Life: The Managed- Metabolism Hypothesis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The 'managed-metabolism' hypothesis suggests that a 'cooperation barrier' must be overcome if sel...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The 'managed-metabolism' hypothesis suggests that a 'cooperation barrier' must be overcome if self-producing chemical organizations are to undergo the transition from non-life to life. This dynamical barrier prevents un-managed, self-organizing, autocatalytic networks of molecular species from individuating into complex, cooperative organizations. The barrier arises because molecular species that could otherwise make significant cooperative contributions to the success of an organization will often not be supported within the organization, and because side reactions and other 'free-riding' processes will undermine cooperation. As a result, the barrier seriously limits the possibility space that can be explored by un-managed organizations, impeding individuation supported by complex functionality and the transition to life. The barrier can be overcome comprehensively by appropriate 'management'. Management implements a system of evolvable constraints that can overcome the cooperation barrier by ensuring that beneficial co-operators are supported within the organization and by suppressing free riders. In this way management can control and manipulate the chemical processes of a collectively autocatalytic organization, producing novel processes that serve the interests of the organization as a whole and that could not arise and persist spontaneously in an un-managed chemical organization. Management self-organizes because it is able to capture some of the benefits that are produced when its management of an autocatalytic organization enhances productivity by promoting cooperation. Selection will therefore favour the emergence of managers that take over and manage chemical organizations so as to overcome the cooperation barrier. The managed-metabolism hypothesis demonstrates that if management is to overcome the cooperation barrier comprehensively, its interventions must be digitally coded. In this way, the hypothesis accounts for the two-tiered structure of all living cells in which a digitally-coded genetic apparatus manages an analogically-informed metabolism.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7d510c3240e532b060cb7bf438595359" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54419885,"asset_id":34554662,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54419885/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34554662"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34554662"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34554662; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34554662]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34554662]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34554662; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34554662']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34554662, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7d510c3240e532b060cb7bf438595359" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34554662]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34554662,"title":"Self-Organization and The Origins of Life: The Managed- Metabolism Hypothesis","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The 'managed-metabolism' hypothesis suggests that a 'cooperation barrier' must be overcome if self-producing chemical organizations are to undergo the transition from non-life to life. This dynamical barrier prevents un-managed, self-organizing, autocatalytic networks of molecular species from individuating into complex, cooperative organizations. The barrier arises because molecular species that could otherwise make significant cooperative contributions to the success of an organization will often not be supported within the organization, and because side reactions and other 'free-riding' processes will undermine cooperation. As a result, the barrier seriously limits the possibility space that can be explored by un-managed organizations, impeding individuation supported by complex functionality and the transition to life. The barrier can be overcome comprehensively by appropriate 'management'. Management implements a system of evolvable constraints that can overcome the cooperation barrier by ensuring that beneficial co-operators are supported within the organization and by suppressing free riders. In this way management can control and manipulate the chemical processes of a collectively autocatalytic organization, producing novel processes that serve the interests of the organization as a whole and that could not arise and persist spontaneously in an un-managed chemical organization. Management self-organizes because it is able to capture some of the benefits that are produced when its management of an autocatalytic organization enhances productivity by promoting cooperation. Selection will therefore favour the emergence of managers that take over and manage chemical organizations so as to overcome the cooperation barrier. The managed-metabolism hypothesis demonstrates that if management is to overcome the cooperation barrier comprehensively, its interventions must be digitally coded. In this way, the hypothesis accounts for the two-tiered structure of all living cells in which a digitally-coded genetic apparatus manages an analogically-informed metabolism."},"translated_abstract":"The 'managed-metabolism' hypothesis suggests that a 'cooperation barrier' must be overcome if self-producing chemical organizations are to undergo the transition from non-life to life. This dynamical barrier prevents un-managed, self-organizing, autocatalytic networks of molecular species from individuating into complex, cooperative organizations. The barrier arises because molecular species that could otherwise make significant cooperative contributions to the success of an organization will often not be supported within the organization, and because side reactions and other 'free-riding' processes will undermine cooperation. As a result, the barrier seriously limits the possibility space that can be explored by un-managed organizations, impeding individuation supported by complex functionality and the transition to life. The barrier can be overcome comprehensively by appropriate 'management'. Management implements a system of evolvable constraints that can overcome the cooperation barrier by ensuring that beneficial co-operators are supported within the organization and by suppressing free riders. In this way management can control and manipulate the chemical processes of a collectively autocatalytic organization, producing novel processes that serve the interests of the organization as a whole and that could not arise and persist spontaneously in an un-managed chemical organization. Management self-organizes because it is able to capture some of the benefits that are produced when its management of an autocatalytic organization enhances productivity by promoting cooperation. Selection will therefore favour the emergence of managers that take over and manage chemical organizations so as to overcome the cooperation barrier. The managed-metabolism hypothesis demonstrates that if management is to overcome the cooperation barrier comprehensively, its interventions must be digitally coded. In this way, the hypothesis accounts for the two-tiered structure of all living cells in which a digitally-coded genetic apparatus manages an analogically-informed metabolism.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34554662/Self_Organization_and_The_Origins_of_Life_The_Managed_Metabolism_Hypothesis","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-09-12T22:36:15.841-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"draft","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54419885,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54419885/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"manmetab.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54419885/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Self_Organization_and_The_Origins_of_Lif.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54419885/manmetab-libre.pdf?1505281776=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSelf_Organization_and_The_Origins_of_Lif.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=Pdxq-yPQ~6A2nJfUFh~5MiN2PclYuZZ94eJRW9LSuu8vNSFYKpSRdOiEgEmhILIAkMx1Zgcb5GgJCmjhIHn01ofQCW~tJFSacw13l~yBvckD37DYyaZ4scA2beMs7LpU1RS9iCCWfKtup~kvx9-pZu-PXKBxnpH0y8dp-NpmvmqfiYaGrLJb7tzlvoaUCvrJrD0IeM5-LxWyyLh6~7HLbwmPqui9N-571kd3fUmWN~mgaCcrLNDN6V1-~0kOxarNmlhx8o2rdszI5idrYVNX695VR30PyY2CPww~7RI9dSB7QToYfhPVe1oJB~lLugi232O~P-16aW44gy4a2KCgGg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Self_Organization_and_The_Origins_of_Life_The_Managed_Metabolism_Hypothesis","translated_slug":"","page_count":24,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":54419885,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54419885/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"manmetab.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54419885/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Self_Organization_and_The_Origins_of_Lif.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54419885/manmetab-libre.pdf?1505281776=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSelf_Organization_and_The_Origins_of_Lif.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=Pdxq-yPQ~6A2nJfUFh~5MiN2PclYuZZ94eJRW9LSuu8vNSFYKpSRdOiEgEmhILIAkMx1Zgcb5GgJCmjhIHn01ofQCW~tJFSacw13l~yBvckD37DYyaZ4scA2beMs7LpU1RS9iCCWfKtup~kvx9-pZu-PXKBxnpH0y8dp-NpmvmqfiYaGrLJb7tzlvoaUCvrJrD0IeM5-LxWyyLh6~7HLbwmPqui9N-571kd3fUmWN~mgaCcrLNDN6V1-~0kOxarNmlhx8o2rdszI5idrYVNX695VR30PyY2CPww~7RI9dSB7QToYfhPVe1oJB~lLugi232O~P-16aW44gy4a2KCgGg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":23869,"name":"Origins of Life Understandings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_of_Life_Understandings"},{"id":137179,"name":"Origin of Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origin_of_Life"},{"id":547397,"name":"Origin of life on earth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origin_of_life_on_earth"},{"id":1752545,"name":"Origins of Life on Earth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_of_Life_on_Earth"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34554650"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34554650/The_Self_Organizing_Society_A_Growers_Guide"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Self-Organizing Society: A Grower's Guide" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55592802/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34554650/The_Self_Organizing_Society_A_Growers_Guide">The Self-Organizing Society: A Grower's Guide</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Can a human society be constrained in such a way that self-organization will thereafter tend to p...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Can a human society be constrained in such a way that self-organization will thereafter tend to produce outcomes that advance the goals of the society? Such a society would be self-organizing in the sense that individuals who pursue only their own interests would none-the-less act in the interests of the society as a whole, irrespective of any intention to do so. This paper identifies the conditions that must be met if such a self-organizing society is to emerge. It demonstrates that the key enabling requirement for a self-organizing society is ‘consequence-capture’. Broadly this means that all agents in the society must capture sufficient of the benefits (and harms) that are produced by their actions on the goals of the society. ‘Consequence-capture’ can be organized in a society by appropriate management (systems of evolvable constraints) that suppress free riders and support pro-social actions. In human societies these constraints include institutions such as systems of governance and social norms. The paper identifies ways of organizing societies so that effective governance will also self-organize. This will produce a fully self-organizing society in which the interests of all agents (including individuals, associations, firms, multi-national corporations, political organizations, institutions and governments) are aligned with the interests of the society as a whole.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7011a7ab6d2d6ff3d6d5de44a87a85e6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":55592802,"asset_id":34554650,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55592802/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34554650"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34554650"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34554650; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34554650]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34554650]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34554650; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34554650']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34554650, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7011a7ab6d2d6ff3d6d5de44a87a85e6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34554650]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34554650,"title":"The Self-Organizing Society: A Grower's Guide","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Can a human society be constrained in such a way that self-organization will thereafter tend to produce outcomes that advance the goals of the society? Such a society would be self-organizing in the sense that individuals who pursue only their own interests would none-the-less act in the interests of the society as a whole, irrespective of any intention to do so. This paper identifies the conditions that must be met if such a self-organizing society is to emerge. It demonstrates that the key enabling requirement for a self-organizing society is ‘consequence-capture’. Broadly this means that all agents in the society must capture sufficient of the benefits (and harms) that are produced by their actions on the goals of the society. ‘Consequence-capture’ can be organized in a society by appropriate management (systems of evolvable constraints) that suppress free riders and support pro-social actions. In human societies these constraints include institutions such as systems of governance and social norms. The paper identifies ways of organizing societies so that effective governance will also self-organize. This will produce a fully self-organizing society in which the interests of all agents (including individuals, associations, firms, multi-national corporations, political organizations, institutions and governments) are aligned with the interests of the society as a whole."},"translated_abstract":"Can a human society be constrained in such a way that self-organization will thereafter tend to produce outcomes that advance the goals of the society? Such a society would be self-organizing in the sense that individuals who pursue only their own interests would none-the-less act in the interests of the society as a whole, irrespective of any intention to do so. This paper identifies the conditions that must be met if such a self-organizing society is to emerge. It demonstrates that the key enabling requirement for a self-organizing society is ‘consequence-capture’. Broadly this means that all agents in the society must capture sufficient of the benefits (and harms) that are produced by their actions on the goals of the society. ‘Consequence-capture’ can be organized in a society by appropriate management (systems of evolvable constraints) that suppress free riders and support pro-social actions. In human societies these constraints include institutions such as systems of governance and social norms. The paper identifies ways of organizing societies so that effective governance will also self-organize. This will produce a fully self-organizing society in which the interests of all agents (including individuals, associations, firms, multi-national corporations, political organizations, institutions and governments) are aligned with the interests of the society as a whole.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34554650/The_Self_Organizing_Society_A_Growers_Guide","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-09-12T22:32:38.788-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"draft","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55592802,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55592802/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"SelfOrgSoc.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55592802/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Self_Organizing_Society_A_Growers_Gu.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/55592802/SelfOrgSoc-libre.pdf?1516512547=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Self_Organizing_Society_A_Growers_Gu.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=Blx3SeXjk45Y67JtS1VEQiEGidTX7PRKA50IW9Z6~vKVONpBL~0Cr5x3tPiTfPHnuR3IYrAjZqzN6eTsXpoGeUS0RRiUuUrFoOP2P~OW8P5vm4o2Do5VLWZkgvtecl72SVoqZ6iF6kPVlqVfyVoD4mtLLoGBrg5BHgAQizdjqSZHuYK8MGogPssjWLBcX6wcV9VazURzk6OdDcoO95N0IpPLwvre5Yw1M1Qo3uoeqmBcyb-l2dH-m7eeR9EKzm8XWcHNsKxgF5wV76CANyxZewdIs6rOJrGatYJ6G1~sQP0uQOBzd3YTmu4gZhs5WdCp-NbvYgt-JPCKRR~l7nAiBw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_Self_Organizing_Society_A_Growers_Guide","translated_slug":"","page_count":35,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":55592802,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55592802/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"SelfOrgSoc.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55592802/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Self_Organizing_Society_A_Growers_Gu.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/55592802/SelfOrgSoc-libre.pdf?1516512547=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Self_Organizing_Society_A_Growers_Gu.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=Blx3SeXjk45Y67JtS1VEQiEGidTX7PRKA50IW9Z6~vKVONpBL~0Cr5x3tPiTfPHnuR3IYrAjZqzN6eTsXpoGeUS0RRiUuUrFoOP2P~OW8P5vm4o2Do5VLWZkgvtecl72SVoqZ6iF6kPVlqVfyVoD4mtLLoGBrg5BHgAQizdjqSZHuYK8MGogPssjWLBcX6wcV9VazURzk6OdDcoO95N0IpPLwvre5Yw1M1Qo3uoeqmBcyb-l2dH-m7eeR9EKzm8XWcHNsKxgF5wV76CANyxZewdIs6rOJrGatYJ6G1~sQP0uQOBzd3YTmu4gZhs5WdCp-NbvYgt-JPCKRR~l7nAiBw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="8190800" id="books"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="125732624"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/125732624/Human_Superintelligence_How_you_can_develop_it_using_recursive_self_improvement"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Human Superintelligence: How you can develop it using recursive self-improvement" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/125732624/Human_Superintelligence_How_you_can_develop_it_using_recursive_self_improvement">Human Superintelligence: How you can develop it using recursive self-improvement</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Glenroy Press</span><span>, 2024</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">There are many books and articles that outline the findings made by existing complexity science. ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">There are many books and articles that outline the findings made by existing complexity science. But there are almost none that identify how you can develop the thinking that was used to produce those findings. None show how individuals can develop the higher cognition that will be necessary if they are to contribute to the emergence of a genuine science of complexity. <br /> <br />In contrast, this book sets out specifically to provide methods and practices for developing higher cognition. <br /> <br />The book argues that the ability to construct and utilize mental models of complex phenomena is essential if humanity is to overcome the existential challenges that currently threaten the survival of human civilization on Earth. Furthermore, it argues that this metasystemic cognition is essential for the development of a genuine science of complexity – the analytical/rational cognition that underpins current mainstream science is largely limited to generating only mechanistic reductions of complex phenomena. <br /> <br />Our current analytical/rational cognition has been very effective for driving the development of mechanistic technology and reductionist science. But it is not fit for the purpose of enabling us to manage the complex challenges that increasingly beset us individually and collectively. <br /> <br />The book recognises that most potential readers are likely to be highly skeptical about its claims to enable the scaffolding of metasystemic cognition. The website for the book attempts to dispel this skepticism by making the first chapter of the book freely available. The chapter is designed to evoke the realization that the methods detailed by the book are plausible, and that currently almost no one uses the methods systematically, despite their enormous potential. <br /> <br />Read more about the book and access the first chapter at: <a href="https://www.HumanSuperintelligenceBook.com" rel="nofollow">https://www.HumanSuperintelligenceBook.com</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125732624"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125732624"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125732624; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125732624]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125732624]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125732624; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='125732624']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125732624, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=125732624]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":125732624,"title":"Human Superintelligence: How you can develop it using recursive self-improvement","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"There are many books and articles that outline the findings made by existing complexity science. But there are almost none that identify how you can develop the thinking that was used to produce those findings. None show how individuals can develop the higher cognition that will be necessary if they are to contribute to the emergence of a genuine science of complexity.\r\n\r\nIn contrast, this book sets out specifically to provide methods and practices for developing higher cognition.\r\n\r\nThe book argues that the ability to construct and utilize mental models of complex phenomena is essential if humanity is to overcome the existential challenges that currently threaten the survival of human civilization on Earth. Furthermore, it argues that this metasystemic cognition is essential for the development of a genuine science of complexity – the analytical/rational cognition that underpins current mainstream science is largely limited to generating only mechanistic reductions of complex phenomena.\r\n\r\nOur current analytical/rational cognition has been very effective for driving the development of mechanistic technology and reductionist science. But it is not fit for the purpose of enabling us to manage the complex challenges that increasingly beset us individually and collectively.\r\n\r\nThe book recognises that most potential readers are likely to be highly skeptical about its claims to enable the scaffolding of metasystemic cognition. The website for the book attempts to dispel this skepticism by making the first chapter of the book freely available. The chapter is designed to evoke the realization that the methods detailed by the book are plausible, and that currently almost no one uses the methods systematically, despite their enormous potential. \r\n\r\nRead more about the book and access the first chapter at: https://www.HumanSuperintelligenceBook.com\r\n","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2024,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The Glenroy Press"},"translated_abstract":"There are many books and articles that outline the findings made by existing complexity science. But there are almost none that identify how you can develop the thinking that was used to produce those findings. None show how individuals can develop the higher cognition that will be necessary if they are to contribute to the emergence of a genuine science of complexity.\r\n\r\nIn contrast, this book sets out specifically to provide methods and practices for developing higher cognition.\r\n\r\nThe book argues that the ability to construct and utilize mental models of complex phenomena is essential if humanity is to overcome the existential challenges that currently threaten the survival of human civilization on Earth. Furthermore, it argues that this metasystemic cognition is essential for the development of a genuine science of complexity – the analytical/rational cognition that underpins current mainstream science is largely limited to generating only mechanistic reductions of complex phenomena.\r\n\r\nOur current analytical/rational cognition has been very effective for driving the development of mechanistic technology and reductionist science. But it is not fit for the purpose of enabling us to manage the complex challenges that increasingly beset us individually and collectively.\r\n\r\nThe book recognises that most potential readers are likely to be highly skeptical about its claims to enable the scaffolding of metasystemic cognition. The website for the book attempts to dispel this skepticism by making the first chapter of the book freely available. The chapter is designed to evoke the realization that the methods detailed by the book are plausible, and that currently almost no one uses the methods systematically, despite their enormous potential. \r\n\r\nRead more about the book and access the first chapter at: https://www.HumanSuperintelligenceBook.com\r\n","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/125732624/Human_Superintelligence_How_you_can_develop_it_using_recursive_self_improvement","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-11-21T01:01:01.459-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Human_Superintelligence_How_you_can_develop_it_using_recursive_self_improvement","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":236,"name":"Cognitive Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Psychology"},{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":806,"name":"Philosophy of Mind","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind"},{"id":813,"name":"Political Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Philosophy"},{"id":815,"name":"Epistemology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epistemology"},{"id":821,"name":"Philosophy of Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Science"},{"id":902,"name":"Philosophy Of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_Of_Religion"},{"id":2971,"name":"Cognitive development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_development"},{"id":3660,"name":"Global Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Governance"},{"id":4213,"name":"Evolution of Morality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Morality"},{"id":5777,"name":"Evolutionary Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Ethics"},{"id":9040,"name":"Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consciousness"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":15154,"name":"Evolution of Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Cognition"},{"id":17607,"name":"Evolution of Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Consciousness"},{"id":18373,"name":"Moral Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moral_Philosophy"},{"id":20754,"name":"Singularity Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Singularity_Theory"},{"id":21548,"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Neuroscience"},{"id":290467,"name":"Origins and evolution of intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_and_evolution_of_intelligence"},{"id":449151,"name":"Adult Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult_Development"}],"urls":[{"id":45725244,"url":"https://humansuperintelligencebook.com/"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36355791"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36355791/Evolutions_Arrow_the_direction_of_evolution_and_the_future_of_humanity"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Evolution's Arrow: the direction of evolution and the future of humanity" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56264766/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36355791/Evolutions_Arrow_the_direction_of_evolution_and_the_future_of_humanity">Evolution's Arrow: the direction of evolution and the future of humanity</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Evolution's Arrow argues that evolution is directional and progressive, and that this has major c...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Evolution's Arrow argues that evolution is directional and progressive, and that this has major consequences for humanity. Without resort to teleology, the book demonstrates that evolution moves in the direction of producing cooperative organisations of greater scale and evolvability - evolution has organised molecular processes into cells, cells into organisms, and organisms into societies. The book founds this position on a new theory of the evolution of cooperation. It shows that self-interest at the level of the genes does not prevent cooperation from increasing as evolution unfolds. Evolution progresses by discovering ways to build cooperative organisations out of self-interested individuals. The book also shows that evolution itself has evolved. Evolution has progressively improved the ability of evolutionary mechanisms to discover effective adaptations. And it has produced new and better mechanisms. Evolution's Arrow uses this understanding of the direction of evolution to identify the next great steps in the evolution of life on earth - the steps that humanity must take if we are to continue to be successful in evolutionary terms. A key step for humanity is to increase the scale and evolvability of our societies, eventually forming a unified and cooperative society on the scale of the planet. We must also transform ourselves psychologically to become self-evolving organisms - organisms that are able to escape their biological and cultural past by adapting in whatever directions are necessary to achieve future evolutionary success.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="30196a497689676cdda8adaafe04e946" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":56264766,"asset_id":36355791,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56264766/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36355791"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36355791"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36355791; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36355791]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36355791]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36355791; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='36355791']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36355791, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "30196a497689676cdda8adaafe04e946" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=36355791]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":36355791,"title":"Evolution's Arrow: the direction of evolution and the future of humanity","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Evolution's Arrow argues that evolution is directional and progressive, and that this has major consequences for humanity. Without resort to teleology, the book demonstrates that evolution moves in the direction of producing cooperative organisations of greater scale and evolvability - evolution has organised molecular processes into cells, cells into organisms, and organisms into societies. The book founds this position on a new theory of the evolution of cooperation. It shows that self-interest at the level of the genes does not prevent cooperation from increasing as evolution unfolds. Evolution progresses by discovering ways to build cooperative organisations out of self-interested individuals. The book also shows that evolution itself has evolved. Evolution has progressively improved the ability of evolutionary mechanisms to discover effective adaptations. And it has produced new and better mechanisms. Evolution's Arrow uses this understanding of the direction of evolution to identify the next great steps in the evolution of life on earth - the steps that humanity must take if we are to continue to be successful in evolutionary terms. A key step for humanity is to increase the scale and evolvability of our societies, eventually forming a unified and cooperative society on the scale of the planet. We must also transform ourselves psychologically to become self-evolving organisms - organisms that are able to escape their biological and cultural past by adapting in whatever directions are necessary to achieve future evolutionary success."},"translated_abstract":"Evolution's Arrow argues that evolution is directional and progressive, and that this has major consequences for humanity. Without resort to teleology, the book demonstrates that evolution moves in the direction of producing cooperative organisations of greater scale and evolvability - evolution has organised molecular processes into cells, cells into organisms, and organisms into societies. The book founds this position on a new theory of the evolution of cooperation. It shows that self-interest at the level of the genes does not prevent cooperation from increasing as evolution unfolds. Evolution progresses by discovering ways to build cooperative organisations out of self-interested individuals. The book also shows that evolution itself has evolved. Evolution has progressively improved the ability of evolutionary mechanisms to discover effective adaptations. And it has produced new and better mechanisms. Evolution's Arrow uses this understanding of the direction of evolution to identify the next great steps in the evolution of life on earth - the steps that humanity must take if we are to continue to be successful in evolutionary terms. A key step for humanity is to increase the scale and evolvability of our societies, eventually forming a unified and cooperative society on the scale of the planet. We must also transform ourselves psychologically to become self-evolving organisms - organisms that are able to escape their biological and cultural past by adapting in whatever directions are necessary to achieve future evolutionary success.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36355791/Evolutions_Arrow_the_direction_of_evolution_and_the_future_of_humanity","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-04-07T19:08:49.556-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1719943,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56264766,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56264766/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stewart-EvArrow.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56264766/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Evolutions_Arrow_the_direction_of_evolut.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56264766/Stewart-EvArrow-libre.pdf?1523155355=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEvolutions_Arrow_the_direction_of_evolut.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=DWPbv~gIaD4Z-YvgMUe8XMZ3KjKadF3M7jGW7rA88k-jGY0rVrkAcrXSvO3GH3QaeQ9CrXxrOwYcFzoQNy~q3IrGsnNsaXK4aVTlMCTF8ZtkSa1QkSSUFP~-sPZR2bI3iSqmA~by1FmMU08jkyID9Pg5AB1TfpcoHTlzkY8suDq~ObpFRx37nQJj~tn7c5XQHWpHFqAHSPfQjWUcf8lh6-O6A8-cMkbkPuKW-iIZaoGggK00oc2GDc699U9CYmL71e4TZiRNgCbVEgNuixsfyn~JquO3BNDo9HVcS4JOt93UjC8v6vYyN56CQsi7BLQziVzRYkNAVZi78AYKfkEz5w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Evolutions_Arrow_the_direction_of_evolution_and_the_future_of_humanity","translated_slug":"","page_count":176,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1719943,"first_name":"John","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Stewart","page_name":"JohnStewart","domain_name":"evolutionarymanifesto","created_at":"2012-05-10T16:38:42.793-07:00","display_name":"John E Stewart","url":"https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart"},"attachments":[{"id":56264766,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56264766/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stewart-EvArrow.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56264766/download_file?st=MTczMjQwOTQ1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Evolutions_Arrow_the_direction_of_evolut.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56264766/Stewart-EvArrow-libre.pdf?1523155355=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEvolutions_Arrow_the_direction_of_evolut.pdf\u0026Expires=1732413059\u0026Signature=DWPbv~gIaD4Z-YvgMUe8XMZ3KjKadF3M7jGW7rA88k-jGY0rVrkAcrXSvO3GH3QaeQ9CrXxrOwYcFzoQNy~q3IrGsnNsaXK4aVTlMCTF8ZtkSa1QkSSUFP~-sPZR2bI3iSqmA~by1FmMU08jkyID9Pg5AB1TfpcoHTlzkY8suDq~ObpFRx37nQJj~tn7c5XQHWpHFqAHSPfQjWUcf8lh6-O6A8-cMkbkPuKW-iIZaoGggK00oc2GDc699U9CYmL71e4TZiRNgCbVEgNuixsfyn~JquO3BNDo9HVcS4JOt93UjC8v6vYyN56CQsi7BLQziVzRYkNAVZi78AYKfkEz5w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology"},{"id":255,"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Psychology"},{"id":734,"name":"Human Development Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Development_Theory"},{"id":772,"name":"Human Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Evolution"},{"id":2894,"name":"Evolution of cooperation (Evolutionary Biology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_cooperation_Evolutionary_Biology_"},{"id":7466,"name":"Human Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Development"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":20119,"name":"Major Transitions (Evolution)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Major_Transitions_Evolution_"},{"id":24440,"name":"Long Term Evolution (LTE)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Long_Term_Evolution_LTE_"},{"id":33713,"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_and_Human_Behavior"},{"id":860631,"name":"Progress In Science From the \"Scientific Revolution\" to the \"Darwinian Evolution\"","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Progress_In_Science_From_the_Scientific_Revolution_to_the_Darwinian_Evolution_"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/google_contacts-0dfb882d836b94dbcb4a2d123d6933fc9533eda5be911641f20b4eb428429600.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $('.js-google-connect-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); GoogleContacts.authorize_and_show_contacts(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); $.ajax({ url: $r.api_v0_profiles_update_about_path({ subdomain_param: 'api', about: "", }), type: 'PUT', success: function(response) { location.reload(); } }); }); $('.js-work-creator-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_document_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-video-upload-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_video_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-do-this-later-button').click(function() { $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-do-this-later-button').click(function(){ $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--close').click(function(){ $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--panel').hide(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--button').click(function(){ Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserWorks({ initialWorksOffset: 20, allWorksOffset: 20, maxSections: 3 }) }); </script> </div></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile_edit-5ea339ee107c863779f560dd7275595239fed73f1a13d279d2b599a28c0ecd33.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/add_coauthor-22174b608f9cb871d03443cafa7feac496fb50d7df2d66a53f5ee3c04ba67f53.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/tab-dcac0130902f0cc2d8cb403714dd47454f11fc6fb0e99ae6a0827b06613abc20.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb window.ae = window.ae || {}; window.ae.WowProfile = window.ae.WowProfile || {}; if(Aedu.User.current && Aedu.User.current.id === $viewedUser.id) { window.ae.WowProfile.current_user_edit = {}; new WowProfileEdit.EditUploadView({ el: '.js-edit-upload-button-wrapper', model: window.$current_user, }); new AddCoauthor.AddCoauthorsController(); } var userInfoView = new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserInfo({ recaptcha_key: "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB" }); WowProfile.router = new WowProfile.Router({ userInfoView: userInfoView }); Backbone.history.start({ pushState: true, root: "/" + $viewedUser.page_name }); new WowProfile.UserWorksNav() }); </script> </div> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span   ="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "b52c5a8021819e1a264aac6619fe20c2c6f2869efb890cbe6e2931c9bd7047a4", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="C7bvZ/nDMcalOU6/zICJCwZzk/w5ULsXjPc8YeiqGf0o0GBt/CVoVSyxECEW7GZlbCKOvKTpQsjBOzAWnJtPpg==" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://evolutionarymanifesto.academia.edu/JohnStewart" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="T4NMQ9D8H7hpFji3fHY0vlE4jLUl9yuVw548CtsU+GFs5cNJ1RpGK+CeZimmGtvQO2mR9bhO0kqOUjB9ryWuOg==" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><script src="https://recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script> <script> var invisibleRecaptchaSubmit = function () { var closestForm = function (ele) { var curEle = ele.parentNode; while (curEle.nodeName !== 'FORM' && curEle.nodeName !== 'BODY'){ curEle = curEle.parentNode; } return curEle.nodeName === 'FORM' ? curEle : null }; var eles = document.getElementsByClassName('g-recaptcha'); if (eles.length > 0) { var form = closestForm(eles[0]); if (form) { form.submit(); } } }; </script> <input type="submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" data-callback="invisibleRecaptchaSubmit" class="g-recaptcha btn btn-primary btn-block" value="Email me a link" value=""/> </form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account? <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div class="bootstrap" id="footer"><div class="footer-content clearfix text-center padding-top-7x" style="width:100%;"><ul class="footer-links-secondary footer-links-wide list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://medium.com/academia">Blog</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/journals">Academia.edu Journals</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg> <strong>We're Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg> <strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer-links-tertiary list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li class="small">Find new research papers in:</li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="DesignSystem" id="credit" style="width:100%;"><ul class="u-pl0x footer-links-legal list-inline"><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia ©2024</li></ul></div><script> //<![CDATA[ window.detect_gmtoffset = true; window.Academia && window.Academia.set_gmtoffset && Academia.set_gmtoffset('/gmtoffset'); //]]> </script> <div id='overlay_background'></div> <div id='bootstrap-modal-container' class='bootstrap'></div> <div id='ds-modal-container' class='bootstrap DesignSystem'></div> <div id='full-screen-modal'></div> </div> </body> </html>