CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Friuli-Venezia Giulia - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"58f2572a-32cb-401e-af81-8cab65d4e8d1","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Friuli-Venezia_Giulia","wgTitle":"Friuli-Venezia Giulia","wgCurRevisionId":1259552133,"wgRevisionId":1259552133,"wgArticleId":266542,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles containing Friulian-language text","Articles containing Slovene-language text","Articles containing Venetian-language text","Articles containing Austrian German-language text","CS1 Italian-language sources (it)","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from September 2022","Articles containing Italian-language text","Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata", "Use dmy dates from April 2022","Short description is different from Wikidata","Articles containing explicitly cited English-language text","Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates","Pages with Italian IPA","Articles containing Latin-language text","Articles needing additional references from July 2021","All articles needing additional references","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from October 2010","Articles needing additional references from October 2018","Articles with a promotional tone from January 2020","All articles with a promotional tone","Articles with unsourced statements from August 2021","Commons category link from Wikidata","Coordinates on Wikidata","Friuli-Venezia Giulia","States and territories established in 1989","Regions of Italy","Autonomous regions of Italy","NUTS 2 statistical regions of the European Union","Hungarian diaspora in Italy"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en", "wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Friuli-Venezia_Giulia","wgRelevantArticleId":266542,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":50000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":45.63611111111111,"lon":13.804166666666667},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1250", "wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.tablesorter.styles":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.tmh.player", "mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.tablesorter","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cjquery.tablesorter.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_in_Italy.svg/1200px-Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_in_Italy.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1508"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_in_Italy.svg/800px-Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_in_Italy.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1005"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_in_Italy.svg/640px-Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_in_Italy.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="804"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Friuli-Venezia Giulia - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Friuli-Venezia_Giulia rootpage-Friuli-Venezia_Giulia skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Friuli-Venezia+Giulia" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Friuli-Venezia+Giulia" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Friuli-Venezia+Giulia" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Friuli-Venezia+Giulia" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Name" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Name"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Name</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Name-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_and_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_and_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Government and politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Government_and_politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Government and politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Government_and_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Administrative_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Administrative divisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Intermunicipal_Territorial_Unions_(UTI)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intermunicipal_Territorial_Unions_(UTI)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.1</span> <span>Intermunicipal Territorial Unions (UTI)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intermunicipal_Territorial_Unions_(UTI)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Regional_decentralization_entities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regional_decentralization_entities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.2</span> <span>Regional decentralization entities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regional_decentralization_entities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historical_flag" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historical_flag"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Historical flag</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historical_flag-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Friuli-Venezia Giulia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 114 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-114" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">114 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friaul-Julisch_Venetien" title="Friaul-Julisch Venetien – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Friaul-Julisch Venetien" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8D%8D%E1%88%AA%E1%8B%A9%E1%88%8A-%E1%89%AC%E1%8A%90%E1%8C%BD%E1%8B%AB_%E1%8C%81%E1%88%8D%E1%8B%AB" title="ፍሪዩሊ-ቬነጽያ ጁልያ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ፍሪዩሊ-ቬነጽያ ጁልያ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="فريولي فينيتسيا جوليا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فريولي فينيتسيا جوليا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venecia_Chulia" title="Friuli-Venecia Chulia – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Friuli-Venecia Chulia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fri%C3%B4l-V%C3%A8n%C3%A8cia_jeli%C3%A8na" title="Friôl-Vènècia jelièna – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Friôl-Vènècia jelièna" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venesiya-Culiya" title="Friuli-Venesiya-Culiya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Friuli-Venesiya-Culiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="فریولی ونتزیا جولیا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فریولی ونتزیا جولیا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-V%C3%A9n%C3%A9zia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Vénézia Giulia – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Friuli-Vénézia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96-%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F-%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Фрыулі-Венецыя-Джулія – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Фрыулі-Венецыя-Джулія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96-%D0%92%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F-%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Фрыулі-Вэнэцыя-Джулія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Фрыулі-Вэнэцыя-Джулія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8_-_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Фриули - Венеция Джулия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фриули - Венеция Джулия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furlanija-Julijska_krajina" title="Furlanija-Julijska krajina – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Furlanija-Julijska krajina" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fri%C3%BCl_-_Ven%C3%A8cia_J%C3%BAlia" title="Friül - Venècia Júlia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Friül - Venècia Júlia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furlansko-Julsk%C3%A9_Ben%C3%A1tsko" title="Furlansko-Julské Benátsko – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Furlansko-Julské Benátsko" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli_%C3%A8_Venezia_Ghjulia" title="Friuli è Venezia Ghjulia – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Friuli è Venezia Ghjulia" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friaul-Julisch_Venetien" title="Friaul-Julisch Venetien – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Friaul-Julisch Venetien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BB%CE%B9-%CE%92%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%AD%CF%84%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%A4%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%B1" title="Φριούλι-Βενέτσια Τζούλια – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φριούλι-Βενέτσια Τζούλια" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fri%C3%A5ul-Ven%C3%AAzia_Gi%C3%B3gglia" title="Friåul-Venêzia Giógglia – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Friåul-Venêzia Giógglia" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friul-Venecia_Julia" title="Friul-Venecia Julia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Friul-Venecia Julia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friulo-Venecio_Julia" title="Friulo-Venecio Julia – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Friulo-Venecio Julia" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia-Julia" title="Friuli-Venezia-Julia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Friuli-Venezia-Julia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="فریولی ونتسیا جولیا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فریولی ونتسیا جولیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frioul-V%C3%A9n%C3%A9tie_Julienne" title="Frioul-Vénétie Julienne – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Frioul-Vénétie Julienne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fri%C3%BBly-Julysk_Feneesje" title="Friûly-Julysk Feneesje – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Friûly-Julysk Feneesje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fri%C3%BBl-Vignesie_Julie" title="Friûl-Vignesie Julie – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Friûl-Vignesie Julie" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fri%C3%BAl-Venecia_Xulia" title="Friúl-Venecia Xulia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Friúl-Venecia Xulia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%9A%B8%EB%A6%AC%EB%B2%A0%EB%84%A4%EC%B9%98%EC%95%84%EC%A4%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84%EC%A3%BC" title="프리울리베네치아줄리아주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프리울리베네치아줄리아주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC%D5%AB_%D5%8E%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%AF_%D5%8B%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Ֆրիուլի Վենետիկ Ջուլիա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆրիուլի Վենետիկ Ջուլիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furlanija-Julijska_krajina" title="Furlanija-Julijska krajina – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Furlanija-Julijska krajina" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli_Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli Venezia Giulia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Friuli Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venetia_Julia" title="Friuli-Venetia Julia – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Friuli-Venetia Julia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8_%E2%80%94_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8-%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Фриули — Венеци-Джули – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Фриули — Венеци-Джули" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%AD%C3%BAl%C3%AD" title="Fríúlí – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fríúlí" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99-%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%94" title="פריולי-ונציה ג'וליה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פריולי-ונציה ג'וליה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98-%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90-%E1%83%AF%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ფრიული-ვენეცია-ჯულია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფრიული-ვენეცია-ჯულია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8-%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Фриули-Венеция-Джулия – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Фриули-Венеция-Джулия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friul-Unieja-Giulia" title="Friul-Unieja-Giulia – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Friul-Unieja-Giulia" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%A7%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%99_%E0%BA%9F%E0%BA%A3%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B5_%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%A7%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%8D_%E0%BA%88%E0%BA%B9%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%8D" title="ແຄວ້ນ ຟຣີຍູລີ ເວເນເຊຍ ຈູເລຍ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ແຄວ້ນ ຟຣີຍູລີ ເວເນເຊຍ ຈູເລຍ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forum_Iulium_et_Venetia_Iulia" title="Forum Iulium et Venetia Iulia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Forum Iulium et Venetia Iulia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Ven%C4%93cija_D%C5%BE%C5%ABlija" title="Friuli-Venēcija Džūlija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Friuli-Venēcija Džūlija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friulis-Venecija_D%C5%BEulija" title="Friulis-Venecija Džulija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Friulis-Venecija Džulija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fri%C3%B9li-Venessia_Giulia" title="Friùli-Venessia Giulia – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Friùli-Venessia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friul-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friul-Venezia Giulia – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Friul-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0-%D0%88%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Фурланија-Јулиска Краина – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Фурланија-Јулиска Краина" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%BF-%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF_%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF" title="ഫ്രിയൂളി-വെനേസിയ ജിയൂളിയ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഫ്രിയൂളി-വെനേസിയ ജിയൂളിയ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="फ्रिउली-व्हेनेझिया जुलिया – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="फ्रिउली-व्हेनेझिया जुलिया" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98-%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90-%E1%83%AF%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ფრიული-ვენეცია-ჯულია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ფრიული-ვენეცია-ჯულია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="فریولی ونتزیا جولیا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="فریولی ونتزیا جولیا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli_Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli Venezia Giulia – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Friuli Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A6%E3%83%AA%EF%BC%9D%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A7%E3%83%8D%E3%83%84%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A5%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E5%B7%9E" title="フリウリ＝ヴェネツィア・ジュリア州 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フリウリ＝ヴェネツィア・ジュリア州" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8-%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8-%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Фриули-Венеци-Джули – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Фриули-Венеци-Джули" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friaul-Juulisk_Veneetien" title="Friaul-Juulisk Veneetien – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Friaul-Juulisk Veneetien" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friol-Ven%C3%A8cia_J%C3%BAlia" title="Friol-Venècia Júlia – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Friol-Venècia Júlia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%81_%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="صوبہ فریولی وینیزیا جولیا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="صوبہ فریولی وینیزیا جولیا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="فریولي ونتزیا جولیا – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="فریولي ونتزیا جولیا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friul-Venessia_Giulia" title="Friul-Venessia Giulia – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Friul-Venessia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Wenecja_Julijska" title="Friuli-Wenecja Julijska – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Friuli-Wenecja Julijska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friul-Veneza_J%C3%BAlia" title="Friul-Veneza Júlia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Friul-Veneza Júlia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli_%E2%80%94_Venetsiya-Culiya" title="Friuli — Venetsiya-Culiya – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Friuli — Venetsiya-Culiya" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Vene%C8%9Bia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Veneția Giulia – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Friuli-Veneția Giulia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8-%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Фриули-Венеция-Джулия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фриули-Венеция-Джулия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venetzia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venetzia Giulia – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Friuli-Venetzia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venecia_Xhulia" title="Friuli-Venecia Xhulia – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Friuli-Venecia Xhulia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli_Venezzia_Giulia" title="Friuli Venezzia Giulia – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Friuli Venezzia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli_Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli Venezia Giulia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Friuli Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furlansko-J%C3%BAlske_Ben%C3%A1tky" title="Furlansko-Júlske Benátky – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Furlansko-Júlske Benátky" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furlanija_-_Julijska_krajina" title="Furlanija - Julijska krajina – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Furlanija - Julijska krajina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0-%D0%88%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Фурланија-Јулијска крајина – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Фурланија-Јулијска крајина" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furlanija-Julijska_krajina" title="Furlanija-Julijska krajina – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Furlanija-Julijska krajina" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friul-Venecia_Julia" title="Friul-Venecia Julia – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Friul-Venecia Julia" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8-%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D2%96%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Фриули-Венеция-Җулия – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Фриули-Венеция-Җулия" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5-%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="แคว้นฟรียูลี-เวเน็ตเซียจูเลีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แคว้นฟรียูลี-เวเน็ตเซียจูเลีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%96%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96-%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F-%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Фріулі-Венеція-Джулія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фріулі-Венеція-Джулія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="فریولی وینیزیا جولیا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فریولی وینیزیا جولیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friu%C5%82i-Ven%C3%A8sia_J%C3%B9lia" title="Friułi-Venèsia Jùlia – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Friułi-Venèsia Jùlia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E7%95%99%E5%88%A9-%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E6%9C%B1%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E5%8C%BA" title="弗留利-威尼斯朱利亚大区 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="弗留利-威尼斯朱利亚大区" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%82%85%E9%81%BC%E5%88%A9%EF%BC%8D%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E6%9C%B1%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="傅遼利－威尼斯朱利亞 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="傅遼利－威尼斯朱利亞" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venesiya-Culya" title="Friuli-Venesiya-Culya – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Friuli-Venesiya-Culya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E7%95%99%E5%88%A9-%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E6%9C%B1%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E5%8C%BA" title="弗留利-威尼斯朱利亚大区 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="弗留利-威尼斯朱利亚大区" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1250#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&oldid=1259552133" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&id=1259552133&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFriuli-Venezia_Giulia"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFriuli-Venezia_Giulia"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" hreflang="en"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1250" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&params=45_38_10_N_13_48_15_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">45°38′10″N</span> <span class="longitude">13°48′15″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">45.63611°N 13.80417°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">45.63611; 13.80417</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Autonomous region of Italy</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Autonomous region in Italy</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Friuli-Venezia Giulia</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><span title="Friulian-language text"><i lang="fur">Friûl Vignesie Julie</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Friulian_language" title="Friulian language">Friulian</a>)</span><br /> <span title="Slovene-language text"><i lang="sl">Furlanija - Julijska krajina</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Slovene_language" title="Slovene language">Slovene</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_with_special_statute" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous regions with special statute">Autonomous region</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Friuli-Venezia Giulia"><img alt="Flag of Friuli-Venezia Giulia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg/100px-Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg/150px-Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg/200px-Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Flag of Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CoA_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Friuli-Venezia Giulia"><img alt="Coat of arms of Friuli-Venezia Giulia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/CoA_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg/50px-CoA_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/CoA_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg/75px-CoA_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/CoA_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg/100px-CoA_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1108" data-file-height="1524" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Anthem: "<span title="Friulian-language text"><span lang="fur" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Anthem_of_Friuli" title="Anthem of Friuli">Incuintri al doman</a></span></span>"<br /><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="196" data-mwtitle="INNO_DEL_FRIULI_-_Incuintri_al_doman.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1c/INNO_DEL_FRIULI_-_Incuintri_al_doman.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1c/INNO_DEL_FRIULI_-_Incuintri_al_doman.ogg/INNO_DEL_FRIULI_-_Incuintri_al_doman.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_in_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_in_Italy.svg/250px-Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_in_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_in_Italy.svg/375px-Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_in_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_in_Italy.svg/500px-Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_in_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1034" data-file-height="1299" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Regional_Council_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Regional Council of Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Regional Council of Friuli-Venezia Giulia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="List of presidents of Friuli-Venezia Giulia">President</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Massimiliano_Fedriga" title="Massimiliano Fedriga">Massimiliano Fedriga</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lega_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Lega Friuli-Venezia Giulia">LFVG</a>–<a href="/wiki/Lega_(political_party)" title="Lega (political party)">Lega</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">7,924 km<sup>2</sup> (3,059 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(31 August 2017)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,216,524</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">150/km<sup>2</sup> (400/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonyms</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>English: <span lang="en">Friuli-Venezia Giulian</span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i lang="it">Friulano</i> (man)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i lang="it">Friulana</i> (woman)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i lang="it">Giuliano</i> (man)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i lang="it">Giuliana</i> (woman)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">GDP<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total</th><td class="infobox-data">€39.115 billion (2021)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166_code" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO 3166 code">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">IT-36</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> (2022)</th><td class="infobox-data">0.910<sup id="cite_ref-GlobalDataLab_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GlobalDataLab-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:green">very high</span> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_regions_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of Italian regions by Human Development Index">7th of 21</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/First-level_NUTS_of_the_European_Union#Italy" title="First-level NUTS of the European Union">NUTS Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data">ITD</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.regione.fvg.it/">www<wbr />.regione<wbr />.fvg<wbr />.it</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Friuli-Venezia Giulia</b><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Italian:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="it-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian" title="Help:IPA/Italian">[friˈuːli<span class="wrap"> </span>veˈnɛttsja<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈdʒuːlja]</a></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is one of the 20 <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">regions of Italy</a> and one of five <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_with_special_statute" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous regions with special statute">autonomous regions with special statute</a>. The regional capital is <a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Trieste" title="Gulf of Trieste">Gulf of Trieste</a>, a bay of the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic Sea</a>. </p><p>Friuli-Venezia Giulia has an area of 7,924 square kilometres (3,059 sq mi) and about 1.2 million inhabitants. A natural opening to the sea for many <a href="/wiki/Central_Europe" title="Central Europe">central European</a> countries, the region is traversed by the major transport routes between the east and west of <a href="/wiki/Southern_Europe" title="Southern Europe">Southern Europe</a>. It encompasses the historical-geographical region of <a href="/wiki/Friuli" title="Friuli">Friuli</a> and a small portion of the historical region of <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">Venezia Giulia</i></span>—also known in English as the <a href="/wiki/Julian_March" title="Julian March">Julian March</a>—each with its own distinct history, traditions and identity. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Friuli</i> comes from the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> term <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Forum Julii</i></span> ('<a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Julius</a>' <a href="/wiki/Forum_(Roman)" title="Forum (Roman)">forum</a>'), a center for <a href="/wiki/Commerce" title="Commerce">commerce</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Roman</a> times, which today corresponds to the city of <a href="/wiki/Cividale_del_Friuli" title="Cividale del Friuli">Cividale</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The denomination <i>Venezia Giulia</i> ('Julian Venetia', not referring to the city of <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a> but to the Roman province of <a href="/wiki/Venetia_et_Histria" title="Venetia et Histria">Venetia et Histria</a>) was proposed by the Italian linguist <a href="/wiki/Graziadio_Isaia_Ascoli" title="Graziadio Isaia Ascoli">Graziadio Isaia Ascoli</a>, with the intention of marking the Italian cultural spirit of the area.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Friuli#History" title="Friuli">Friuli § History</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Venezia_Giulia#History" class="mw-redirect" title="Venezia Giulia">Venezia Giulia § History</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Gorizia_and_Gradisca" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorizia and Gradisca">Gorizia and Gradisca</a> and <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Littoral" title="Austrian Littoral">Austrian Littoral</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Special:EditPage/Friuli-Venezia Giulia">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Foro_romano_di_Aquileia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Foro_romano_di_Aquileia.jpg/220px-Foro_romano_di_Aquileia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Foro_romano_di_Aquileia.jpg/330px-Foro_romano_di_Aquileia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Foro_romano_di_Aquileia.jpg/440px-Foro_romano_di_Aquileia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Roman ruins in <a href="/wiki/Aquileia" title="Aquileia">Aquileia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In Roman times, modern Friuli-Venezia Giulia was located within <a href="/wiki/Venetia_et_Histria" title="Venetia et Histria">Regio X Venetia et Histria</a> of Roman Italy. The traces of its <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Roman origin</a> are visible all over the area. In fact, the city of <a href="/wiki/Aquileia" title="Aquileia">Aquileia</a>, founded in 181 BC, served as the regional capital and rose to prominence in the <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Augustus" class="mw-redirect" title="Emperor Augustus">Augustan</a> era. </p><p>Following the <a href="/wiki/Lombards" title="Lombards">Lombard</a> settlements in the 6th century, the historical paths of Friuli and Venezia Giulia began to diverge. In 568, <a href="/wiki/Cividale_del_Friuli" title="Cividale del Friuli">Cividale del Friuli</a> (the Roman <i>Forum Iulii</i> (from which the name Friuli is derived)) became the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Friuli" title="Duchy of Friuli">first Lombard dukedom</a> in Italy. In the 6th century, the <a href="/wiki/Alpine_Slavs" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpine Slavs">Alpine Slavs</a>, ancestors of present-day <a href="/wiki/Slovenes" title="Slovenes">Slovenes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slavic_settlement_of_the_Eastern_Alps" title="Slavic settlement of the Eastern Alps">settled the eastern areas of the region</a>. They settled in the easternmost mountainous areas of Friuli known as the <a href="/wiki/Friulian_Slavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Friulian Slavia">Friulian Slavia</a>, as well as in the <a href="/wiki/Karst_Plateau" title="Karst Plateau">Karst Plateau</a> and in the area north and south of <a href="/wiki/Gorizia" title="Gorizia">Gorizia</a>. In the 12th and 13th centuries, they also moved closer to Trieste. </p><p>In 774 <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a> conquered <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Lombards" title="Kingdom of the Lombards">Lombard Italy</a> and absorbed it into <a href="/wiki/Francia" title="Francia">Francia</a> (the Frankish Empire from 800), with the Lombard Duke of Friuli replaced by a Frankish one. In 787 Charlemagne established a new <a href="/wiki/Patriarch" title="Patriarch">patriarch</a> at <a href="/wiki/Aquileia" title="Aquileia">Aquileia</a>. The duchy was dissolved in 828 and partitioned into smaller counties. In 843 the Empire was partitioned in the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Verdun" title="Treaty of Verdun">Treaty of Verdun</a> placing Friuli at the frontier between <a href="/wiki/Middle_Francia" title="Middle Francia">Middle Francia</a> (later the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)">Kingdom of Italy</a>) and <a href="/wiki/East_Francia" title="East Francia">East Francia</a> (later the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Germany" title="Kingdom of Germany">Kingdom of Germany</a>) and in 846 the former duchy was reconstituted as the <a href="/wiki/March_of_Friuli" title="March of Friuli">March of Friuli</a>. In 961 <a href="/wiki/Otto_the_Great" title="Otto the Great">Otto the Great</a> of Germany took control of the Kingdom of Italy and established the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>. In 1077, the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor</a> recognized the territorial powers of the <a href="/wiki/Patria_del_Friuli" title="Patria del Friuli">Patriarchate of Aquileia</a> that temporarily extended its rule to areas to the east; however, by the 12th century the <a href="/wiki/County_of_Gorizia" title="County of Gorizia">County of Gorizia</a> had become independent. Trieste developed into the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Free_City_of_Trieste" title="Imperial Free City of Trieste">Imperial Free City of Trieste</a>. The coastal territory between Gorizia and Trieste was controlled by the <a href="/wiki/March_of_Carniola" title="March of Carniola">March of Carniola</a> (<a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Carniola" title="Duchy of Carniola">Duchy of Carniola</a> from 1364). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Miramare2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Miramare2.jpg/220px-Miramare2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Miramare2.jpg/330px-Miramare2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Miramare2.jpg/440px-Miramare2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Miramare_Castle" title="Miramare Castle">Miramare Castle</a>, built by Archduke <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I_of_Mexico" title="Maximilian I of Mexico">Maximilian of Austria</a>, later <a href="/wiki/Second_Mexican_Empire" title="Second Mexican Empire">Emperor of Mexico</a>, in Trieste</figcaption></figure> <p>Friuli became <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venetian</a> territory in 1420; Trieste and Gorizia, which remained within the Holy Roman Empire, came under <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_Monarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Habsburg Monarchy">Habsburg</a> (Austrian) dominance in 1382 and 1500 respectively. The Venetian fortress of <a href="/wiki/Gradisca_d%27Isonzo" title="Gradisca d'Isonzo">Gradisca d'Isonzo</a> was retaken by the Empire in 1511 and incorporated into Gorizia but <a href="/wiki/Monfalcone" title="Monfalcone">Monfalcone</a> to the south remained an effective Venetian exclave. <a href="/wiki/Pordenone" title="Pordenone">Pordenone</a> was a <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">corpus separatum</i></span>, under Austrian influence until 1515, when it fell to Venetian rule. Gradisca was separated from Gorizia in 1647 but were reunited in 1754 to form the <a href="/wiki/Princely_County_of_Gorizia_and_Gradisca" title="Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca">Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca</a>. </p><p>With the 1797 <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Campo_Formio" title="Treaty of Campo Formio">Treaty of Campo Formio</a>, Venetian domination came to an end and Friuli was ceded to the Habsburg Monarchy (formally part of the <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian Empire</a> from 1804); however, Austria was forced to cede it to the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy</a> in the 1805 <a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Pressburg_(1805)" title="Peace of Pressburg (1805)">Peace of Pressburg</a>, along with the parts of the County of Gorizia and Gradisca west of the <a href="/wiki/Isonzo" class="mw-redirect" title="Isonzo">Isonzo</a> (the boundary was formalized in the 1807 Treaty of Fontainebleau). Trieste and Gorizia were then also ceded to the Napoleonic <a href="/wiki/Illyrian_Provinces" title="Illyrian Provinces">Illyrian Provinces</a> in the 1809 <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Sch%C3%B6nbrunn" title="Treaty of Schönbrunn">Treaty of Schönbrunn</a>. </p><p>In 1815, following the end of the Napoleonic Wars, the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Vienna" title="Congress of Vienna">Congress of Vienna</a> returned the area to Austria: Friuli was included in the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Lombardy%E2%80%93Venetia" title="Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia">Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia</a>, while Gorizia and Trieste were assigned to the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Illyria" title="Kingdom of Illyria">Kingdom of Illyria</a> (both crown lands of the Austrian Empire), with the boundary roughly following the former Imperial-Venetian border. In 1849 Illyria was abolished and Gorizia and Trieste both became part of the <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Littoral" title="Austrian Littoral">Austrian Littoral</a> crown land, along with Istria and several islands in the <a href="/wiki/Kvarner_Gulf" title="Kvarner Gulf">Kvarner Gulf</a>. </p><p>Under the enlightened government and policies set by the Austrian Empire and continued by the <a href="/wiki/Austrian-Hungarian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Austrian-Hungarian Empire">Austrian-Hungarian Empire</a> in the 18th and 19th centuries, Trieste flourished, reaching an extraordinary economic development as the main harbor of the Habsburg empire. The <a href="/wiki/Third_Italian_War_of_Independence" title="Third Italian War of Independence">Third Italian War of Independence</a> led to the annexation of Lombardy-Venetia, including Friuli, to the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a>, while the Littoral remained in Austrian hands. </p><p>During the First World War, the region was a prominent theatre for military operations and suffered serious damage and loss of lives. After the war, the former Littoral was annexed by Italy in the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Rapallo_(1920)" title="Treaty of Rapallo (1920)">1920 Treaty of Rapallo</a>, although <a href="/wiki/Venezia_Giulia" class="mw-redirect" title="Venezia Giulia">Venezia Giulia</a>'s borders were the subject of an international dispute. </p><p>The Second World War led to the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Free_Territory_of_Trieste" title="Free Territory of Trieste">Anglo-American Administration in Trieste</a> until the border was defined in the 1954 <a href="/wiki/London_Memorandum" class="mw-redirect" title="London Memorandum">Memorandum of London</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> After Trieste was reassigned to Italy, the Autonomous Region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia was finally established.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The region's name was Friuli-Venezia Giulia (hyphenated) until 2001, when the official spelling <i>Friuli Venezia Giulia</i> (without hyphen) was adopted following the modification of Article No.116 of the Italian Constitution.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term "Venezia Giulia" was coined by <a href="/wiki/Graziadio_Isaia_Ascoli" title="Graziadio Isaia Ascoli">Graziadio Isaia Ascoli</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Special:EditPage/Friuli-Venezia Giulia">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Friuli-Venezia Giulia is Italy's north-easternmost <a href="/wiki/Region_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Region of Italy">region</a>. It covers an area of 7,858 km<sup>2</sup> and is the fifth smallest region of the country. It borders <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> to the north and <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> to the east, the three countries meeting at the <a href="/wiki/Tripoint" title="Tripoint">tripoint</a> on the mountain of <a href="/wiki/Dreil%C3%A4ndereck" title="Dreiländereck">Dreiländereck</a>, known as Monte Forno in Italian. To the south, it faces the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic Sea</a> and to the west the <a href="/wiki/Veneto" title="Veneto">Veneto</a> region. </p><p>The region spans a wide variety of climates and landscapes from the mild <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_climate" title="Oceanic climate">Oceanic</a> in the south to <a href="/wiki/Alpine_climate" title="Alpine climate">Alpine</a> continental in the north. The total area is subdivided into 42.5% mountainous-alpine terrain in the north, 19.3% is hilly, mostly to the southeast, while the remaining 38.2% comprises the central and coastal plains. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Culino,_part_of_the_Forni_Avoltri_municipality,_in_Friuli,_Italy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Culino%2C_part_of_the_Forni_Avoltri_municipality%2C_in_Friuli%2C_Italy.jpg/220px-Culino%2C_part_of_the_Forni_Avoltri_municipality%2C_in_Friuli%2C_Italy.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Culino%2C_part_of_the_Forni_Avoltri_municipality%2C_in_Friuli%2C_Italy.jpg/330px-Culino%2C_part_of_the_Forni_Avoltri_municipality%2C_in_Friuli%2C_Italy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Culino%2C_part_of_the_Forni_Avoltri_municipality%2C_in_Friuli%2C_Italy.jpg/440px-Culino%2C_part_of_the_Forni_Avoltri_municipality%2C_in_Friuli%2C_Italy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>A view of the <a href="/wiki/Carnia" title="Carnia">Carnia</a> highlands</figcaption></figure> <p>Morphologically the region can be subdivided into four main areas. The mountainous area in the north: this part of the region includes <a href="/wiki/Carnia" title="Carnia">Carnia</a> and the ending section of the <a href="/wiki/Alps" title="Alps">Alps</a> (<a href="/wiki/Carnic_Alps" title="Carnic Alps">Carnic Alps</a> and <a href="/wiki/Julian_Alps" title="Julian Alps">Julian Alps</a>), of which the highest peaks exceed 2,700 m <a href="/wiki/Above_mean_sea_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Above mean sea level">above sea level</a> (<a href="/wiki/J%C3%B4f_di_Montasio" title="Jôf di Montasio">Jôf di Montasio</a> 2,754 m). Its landscapes are characterised by vast pine forests and pastures, mountain lakes (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Sauris" title="Sauris">Sauris</a>, Fusine, and <a href="/wiki/Barcis" title="Barcis">Barcis</a>), and numerous streams and small rivers descending from the mountains. </p><p>The area is also known for its tourist destinations, especially during the winter season (<a href="/wiki/Monte_Zoncolan" title="Monte Zoncolan">Monte Zoncolan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tarvisio" title="Tarvisio">Tarvisio</a>, Sella Nevea, Forni di Sopra and Piancavallo). The hilly area is situated to the south of the mountains and along the central section of the <a href="/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93Slovenia_border" title="Italy–Slovenia border">border with Slovenia</a>. The main product of agriculture in this area is wine, whose quality, especially the white, is known worldwide. The easternmost part of the hilly area is also known as <a href="/wiki/Slavia_Friulana" title="Slavia Friulana">Slavia Friulana</a>, as it is mostly inhabited by ethnic <a href="/wiki/Slovenes" title="Slovenes">Slovenes</a>. </p><p>The central plains are characterized by poor, arid, and permeable soil. The soil has been made fertile with an extensive irrigation system and through the adoption of modern intensive farming techniques. In this part of the region, most of the agricultural activities are concentrated. The coastal area can be further subdivided into two, western-eastern, subsections separated by the <a href="/wiki/So%C4%8Da" title="Soča">River Isonzo</a>'s estuary. </p><p>To the west, the coast is shallow and sandy, with numerous tourist resorts and the lagoons of <a href="/wiki/Grado,_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Grado, Italy">Grado</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marano_Lagunare" title="Marano Lagunare">Marano Lagunare</a>. To the east, the coastline rises into cliffs, where the <a href="/wiki/Karst_Plateau" title="Karst Plateau">Karst Plateau</a> meets the Adriatic, all the way to Trieste and Muggia on the border with Slovenia. The Carso has geological features and phenomena such as hollows, cave networks, and underground rivers, which extend inland in the provinces of Trieste and Gorizia, with an altitude ranging between 300m and 600m. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Laguna_di_Grado_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Laguna_di_Grado_02.jpg/220px-Laguna_di_Grado_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Laguna_di_Grado_02.jpg/330px-Laguna_di_Grado_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Laguna_di_Grado_02.jpg/440px-Laguna_di_Grado_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Grado_Lagoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Grado Lagoon">Grado Lagoon</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The rivers of the region flow from the North and from Slovenia into the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic" class="mw-redirect" title="Adriatic">Adriatic</a>. The two main rivers are the <a href="/wiki/Tagliamento" title="Tagliamento">Tagliamento</a>, which flows west–east in its upper part in the <a href="/wiki/Carnic_Alps" title="Carnic Alps">Carnic Alps</a> and then bends into a north–south flow that separates the <a href="/wiki/Julian_Alps" title="Julian Alps">Julian Alps</a> from Alpine foothills and the <a href="/wiki/Isonzo" class="mw-redirect" title="Isonzo">Isonzo</a> (Slovenian: Soča) which flows from Slovenia into Italy. The <a href="/wiki/Timavo" title="Timavo">Timavo</a> is an underground river that flows for 38  km from <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> and resurfaces near its mouth north-west of <a href="/wiki/Duino" title="Duino">Duino</a>. </p><p>The region Friuli-Venezia Giulia has a <a href="/wiki/Temperate_climate" title="Temperate climate">temperate climate</a>. However, due to the terrain's diversity, it varies considerably from one area to another. Walled by the <a href="/wiki/Alps" title="Alps">Alps</a> on its northern flank, the region is exposed to air masses from the East and the West. The region receives also the southerly <a href="/wiki/Sirocco" title="Sirocco">Sirocco</a> from the Adriatic Sea, which brings in heavy rainfall. Along the coast, the climate is mild and pleasant. </p><p>Trieste records the smallest temperature differences between winter and summer and between day and night. The climate is <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpine-continental&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alpine-continental (page does not exist)">Alpine-continental</a> in the mountainous areas, where, in some locations, the coldest winter temperatures in Italy can often be found. The <a href="/wiki/Kras_Plateau" class="mw-redirect" title="Kras Plateau">Kras plateau</a> has its own weather and climate, influenced, mostly during autumn and winter, by masses of cold air coming from the northeast. These generate a very special feature of the local climate: the north-easterly wind <a href="/wiki/Bora_(wind)" title="Bora (wind)">Bora</a>, which descends onto the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Trieste" title="Gulf of Trieste">Gulf of Trieste</a> with gusts occasionally exceeding speeds of 150  km/h. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_wine" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia wine">Friuli-Venezia Giulia wine</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Promotional plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Advert" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>contains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_a_soapbox_or_means_of_promotion" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">promotional content</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit">improve it</a> by removing <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Spam" title="Wikipedia:Spam">promotional language</a> and inappropriate <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links#Advertising_and_conflicts_of_interest" title="Wikipedia:External links">external links</a>, and by adding encyclopedic text written from a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">neutral point of view</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">Gross domestic product</a> (GDP) of the region was 38 billion euros in 2018, accounting for 2.2% of Italy's economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 31,200 euros or 103% of the EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 106% of the EU average.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lignano_faro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Lignano_faro.jpg/220px-Lignano_faro.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Lignano_faro.jpg/330px-Lignano_faro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Lignano_faro.jpg/440px-Lignano_faro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1927" data-file-height="1281" /></a><figcaption>The sandy beach of <a href="/wiki/Lignano_Sabbiadoro" title="Lignano Sabbiadoro">Lignano Sabbiadoro</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The economy of Friuli-Venezia Giulia is one of Italy's most successful. Its core is based on small and middle-size enterprises (the so-called "North-East model"), on specialized farming and on high-quality tourism with a significant inclination towards exports.<sup id="cite_ref-regportraits1_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-regportraits1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Agriculture and farming maintain an essential role in the economy of the region and employed in 2001 around 95,000 persons. Its products are exported not only within the country and Europe (fruit and vegetables, cheese) but have become known worldwide for their acclaimed quality (cured ham and wines, especially white ones). Noteworthy is also the production of soy (third producer in Italy with more than 37,000 hectares cultivated in 2000) and timber production in <a href="/wiki/Carnia" title="Carnia">Carnia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-regportraits1_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-regportraits1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The economy of the region is based on a widespread mosaic of small and medium-sized enterprises; of particular importance are the four industrial districts where a multitude of highly specialised enterprises are concentrated. These districts are centred around the towns of <a href="/wiki/Manzano,_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Manzano, Italy">Manzano</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Daniele_del_Friuli" title="San Daniele del Friuli">San Daniele del Friuli</a> (cured ham), <a href="/wiki/Maniago" title="Maniago">Maniago</a> (knives), and <a href="/wiki/Brugnera" title="Brugnera">Brugnera</a> (furniture). Several large enterprises are also present in the region in both the industry and services sectors. Some of these companies are world leaders in their relevant sectors; such are <a href="/wiki/Fincantieri" title="Fincantieri">Fincantieri</a> (headquarters in Trieste with shipyards in <a href="/wiki/Monfalcone" title="Monfalcone">Monfalcone</a>) for the construction of the world's largest cruise ships, <a href="/wiki/Zanussi" title="Zanussi">Zanussi</a>-<a href="/wiki/Electrolux" title="Electrolux">Electrolux</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pordenone" title="Pordenone">Pordenone</a>) in the production of electrical appliances, <a href="/wiki/Danieli" title="Danieli">Danieli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eurotech_(company)" title="Eurotech (company)">Eurotech</a>, <a href="/wiki/Illy" title="Illy">Illy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rizzani_de_Eccher" title="Rizzani de Eccher">Rizzani de Eccher</a>, <a href="/wiki/Solari_di_Udine" title="Solari di Udine">Solari di Udine</a>, TBS Group, <a href="/wiki/Banca_Generali" title="Banca Generali">Banca Generali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Genertellife" title="Genertellife">Genertellife</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italia_Marittima" title="Italia Marittima">Italia Marittima</a>, <a href="/wiki/Telit" class="mw-redirect" title="Telit">Telit</a>, <a href="/wiki/W%C3%A4rtsil%C3%A4" title="Wärtsilä">Wärtsilä</a>, <a href="/wiki/Allianz" title="Allianz">Allianz</a> Italia and <a href="/wiki/Assicurazioni_Generali" title="Assicurazioni Generali">Assicurazioni Generali</a> in Trieste, a leading insurance company in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-regportraits1_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-regportraits1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Porttrieste_old.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Porttrieste_old.jpg/220px-Porttrieste_old.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Porttrieste_old.jpg/330px-Porttrieste_old.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Porttrieste_old.jpg/440px-Porttrieste_old.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="396" /></a><figcaption>The port of Trieste</figcaption></figure> <p>In the services sector, the city of Trieste plays a leading role (with knock-on effects on the other provincial capitals); it is here that activities such as the regional government, large banking, and insurance companies are concentrated. </p><p>The unemployment rate stood at 5.7% in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transport">Transport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With its commercial Free Port, Trieste also plays an essential role in the trade sector: special custom regulations ensure exclusive financial conditions to operators. The Port of Trieste is today the most important centre worldwide for the trade of coffee and plays a strategic key role in trade with northern and eastern Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-regportraits1_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-regportraits1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Unioni_territoriali_intercomunali_del_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Unioni_territoriali_intercomunali_del_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.png/350px-Unioni_territoriali_intercomunali_del_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="350" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Unioni_territoriali_intercomunali_del_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.png/525px-Unioni_territoriali_intercomunali_del_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Unioni_territoriali_intercomunali_del_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.png/700px-Unioni_territoriali_intercomunali_del_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.png 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="1300" /></a><figcaption>New subdivisions since January 2018</figcaption></figure> <p>Although small in size, Friuli-Venezia Giulia has always been 'in the centre of Europe' and has played an important role in connecting Italy (and the Mediterranean) to Central and Eastern Europe. Its role will become even more strategic as a logistical platform with the imminent enlargement of the European Union. Hence the importance of the infrastructure network of the region, which can today be considered first-rate in quality and diversity. The motorway network consists of more than 200 km that runs from North to South and from West to East, connecting the region to <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-regportraits1_19-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-regportraits1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The railway network consists of around 500 km of track, with the two twin-line 'backbones' Venice-Trieste and Trieste-Udine-Tarvisio-Austria. The motorway and railway networks are linked to the ports of Trieste, Monfalcone, and Porto Nogaro, the three most northerly ports of the Mediterranean. Trieste, in particular, has a free port for goods since 1719. It is the Italian port with the greatest capacity for covered storage, with a surface area of more than 2 million square meters and 70 km of rail tracks. Intermodality is guaranteed by the <a href="/wiki/Cervignano_del_Friuli" title="Cervignano del Friuli">Cervignano</a> terminal, in operation since 1988, to serve the increasing commercial traffic between Italy and Eastern European countries.<sup id="cite_ref-regportraits1_19-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-regportraits1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The regional airport of <a href="/wiki/Ronchi_dei_Legionari" title="Ronchi dei Legionari">Ronchi dei Legionari</a> is situated 30 km from Trieste and 40 km from <a href="/wiki/Udine" title="Udine">Udine</a> and is closely connected to the motorway and railway networks. The airport offers regular national and international flights including destinations in Eastern Europe. The region is now placing much of its hopes for future economic development in the construction of a high-speed <a href="/wiki/Pan-European_corridors" title="Pan-European corridors">European Transport Corridor n° V</a> connecting Lyon, Turin, Venice, Trieste, Ljubljana, Budapest, and Kyiv, so as to improve the traffic of goods and services with new EU partners.<sup id="cite_ref-regportraits1_19-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-regportraits1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Friuli-Venezia Giulia has many small and picturesque villages, 13 of them have been selected by <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/I_Borghi_pi%C3%B9_belli_d%27Italia" title="I Borghi più belli d'Italia">I Borghi più belli d'Italia</a></i></span> (English: <span lang="en">The most beautiful Villages of Italy</span>),<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a non-profit private association of small Italian towns of strong historical and artistic interest,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that was founded on the initiative of the Tourism Council of the National Association of Italian Municipalities.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Slovene_minority_in_Italy" title="Slovene minority in Italy">Slovene minority in Italy</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1871 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">508,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1881 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">530,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+4.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1901 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">615,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+16.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1911 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">728,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+18.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1921 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1,178,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+61.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1931 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,176,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1936 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,108,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−5.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1951 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,227,674</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+10.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1961 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,205,821</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−1.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1971 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1,214,946</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+0.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1981 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,235,363</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1991 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,199,039</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−2.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2001 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,185,123</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−1.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2011 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,220,291</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2021</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,194,647</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−2.1%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: <a href="/wiki/Istituto_Nazionale_di_Statistica" class="mw-redirect" title="Istituto Nazionale di Statistica">ISTAT</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Population density is lower than the national average: In 1978 there were in total only 1,224,611 inhabitants;<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 2008 it was 157.5 inhabitants per km<sup>2</sup> (compared to 198.8 for Italy as a whole). However, density varies from a minimum of 106 inhabitants per km<sup>2</sup> in the province of Udine to a maximum of 1,144 inhabitants per km<sup>2</sup> in the province of Trieste. </p><p>The negative natural balance in the region is partly made up by the positive net migration. To some extent the migratory surplus has in fact offset the downward trend in the population since 1975. In 2008, the resident population with foreign nationality registered in the region accounted to 83,306 persons (6.7% of the total population). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_and_politics">Government and politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Government and politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Politics of Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Politics of Friuli-Venezia Giulia</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Special:EditPage/Friuli-Venezia Giulia">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Trieste_(28947281422).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Trieste_%2828947281422%29.jpg/220px-Trieste_%2828947281422%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Trieste_%2828947281422%29.jpg/330px-Trieste_%2828947281422%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Trieste_%2828947281422%29.jpg/440px-Trieste_%2828947281422%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="3384" /></a><figcaption>The seat of the regional government in <a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A special Italian statute of 31 January 1963 effective 16 February 1963 constituted Friuli-Venezia Giulia as an <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_with_special_statute" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous regions with special statute">autonomous region</a> within the Italian Republic. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Presidents_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidents of Friuli-Venezia Giulia">President of Regional Government</a> is the region's head of government. Executive power is exercised by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Regional_Government_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regional Government of Friuli-Venezia Giulia (page does not exist)">Regional Government of Friuli-Venezia Giulia</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giunta_regionale_del_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" class="extiw" title="it:Giunta regionale del Friuli-Venezia Giulia">it</a>]</span> and legislative power is vested in both the government and the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Council_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Regional Council of Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Regional Council</a>. In the latest regional election, which took place on 4 March 2018, <a href="/wiki/Massimiliano_Fedriga" title="Massimiliano Fedriga">Massimiliano Fedriga</a> of the <span title="Italian-language text"><span lang="it" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Lega_Nord_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" class="mw-redirect" title="Lega Nord Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Lega Nord Friuli-Venezia Giulia</a></span></span> was elected president by a landslide. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Administrative divisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Like most of the rest of Italy, Friuli-Venezia Giulia was previously divided into four <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Italy" title="Provinces of Italy">provinces</a>: <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Gorizia" title="Province of Gorizia">Gorizia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pordenone" title="Province of Pordenone">Pordenone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Trieste" title="Province of Trieste">Trieste</a> and <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Udine" title="Province of Udine">Udine</a>. They were abolished on 30 September 2017, with the first three immediately ceasing activity,<sup id="cite_ref-Abolished_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abolished-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the province of Udine remained active until 22 April 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-FinalActivity_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FinalActivity-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, they were all reactivated as "regional decentralization entities" (<a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i lang="it">Enti di decentramento regionale</i>, or EDR) beginning on 1 July 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-rde_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rde-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In anticipation of this 2017 and 2018 abolition of the provinces in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Council_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Regional Council of Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Regional Council</a> created a system of 18 Intermunicipal Territorial Unions (Italian: <i lang="it">Unioni territoriali intercomunali</i>, or UTI).<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The UTIs progressively took on the local services that the municipalities previously managed, extending across the larger area managed by each UTI, while also taking on some responsibilities previously managed by the provinces; this handling of "wide area local development policies" by the UTIs was conceived as a way allow more focused planning and budgeting for the 215 <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Comune" title="Comune">comuni</a></i></span>, divided across the 18 UTIs, than would be possible on a region-wide basis by the Regional Council.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, activity of UTIs was discontinued after the reactivation of former provinces. </p><p>The Regional Council also passed a statute which allows, should it desire at some future point, for the establishment of the regional capital of Trieste—with smaller surrounding towns—as a <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_cities_of_Italy" title="Metropolitan cities of Italy">metropolitan city</a> administering wide area local development policies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Intermunicipal_Territorial_Unions_(UTI)"><span id="Intermunicipal_Territorial_Unions_.28UTI.29"></span>Intermunicipal Territorial Unions (UTI)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Intermunicipal Territorial Unions (UTI)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 90%;"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#ececec"> <th> </th> <th>UTI name </th> <th>Seat </th> <th>Former province </th> <th>Constituent <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">comuni</i></span> </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Number of <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">comuni</i></span> </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Area (km<sup>2</sup>) </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Population </th></tr> <tr> <td>a</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTI_Giuliana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTI Giuliana (page does not exist)">UTI Giuliana</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Trieste" title="Province of Trieste">TS</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duino-Aurisina" title="Duino-Aurisina">Duino-Aurisina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monrupino" title="Monrupino">Monrupino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muggia" title="Muggia">Muggia</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Dorligo_della_Valle" title="San Dorligo della Valle">San Dorligo della Valle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sgonico" title="Sgonico">Sgonico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a></td> <td>6</td> <td>212.5</td> <td>232,601 </td></tr> <tr> <td>b</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTI_Carso_Isonzo_Adriatico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTI Carso Isonzo Adriatico (page does not exist)">UTI Carso Isonzo Adriatico</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Monfalcone" title="Monfalcone">Monfalcone</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Gorizia" title="Province of Gorizia">GO</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Doberd%C3%B2_del_Lago" title="Doberdò del Lago">Doberdò del Lago</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grado,_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" class="mw-redirect" title="Grado, Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Grado</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fogliano_Redipuglia" title="Fogliano Redipuglia">Fogliano Redipuglia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monfalcone" title="Monfalcone">Monfalcone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ronchi_dei_Legionari" title="Ronchi dei Legionari">Ronchi dei Legionari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sagrado" title="Sagrado">Sagrado</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Canzian_d%27Isonzo" title="San Canzian d'Isonzo">San Canzian d'Isonzo</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Pier_d%27Isonzo" title="San Pier d'Isonzo">San Pier d'Isonzo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Staranzano" title="Staranzano">Staranzano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turriaco" title="Turriaco">Turriaco</a></td> <td>10</td> <td>264.8</td> <td>72,499 </td></tr> <tr> <td>c</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTI_Collio_-_Alto_Isonzo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTI Collio - Alto Isonzo (page does not exist)">UTI Collio - Alto Isonzo</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gorizia" title="Gorizia">Gorizia</a></td> <td>GO</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Capriva_del_Friuli" title="Capriva del Friuli">Capriva del Friuli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cormons" title="Cormons">Cormons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dolegna_del_Collio" title="Dolegna del Collio">Dolegna del Collio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Farra_d%27Isonzo" title="Farra d'Isonzo">Farra d'Isonzo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gorizia" title="Gorizia">Gorizia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gradisca_d%27Isonzo" title="Gradisca d'Isonzo">Gradisca d'Isonzo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mariano_del_Friuli" title="Mariano del Friuli">Mariano del Friuli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medea,_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" class="mw-redirect" title="Medea, Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Medea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moraro" title="Moraro">Moraro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mossa,_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mossa, Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Mossa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romans_d%27Isonzo" title="Romans d'Isonzo">Romans d'Isonzo</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Floriano_del_Collio" title="San Floriano del Collio">San Floriano del Collio</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Lorenzo_Isontino" title="San Lorenzo Isontino">San Lorenzo Isontino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Savogna_d%27Isonzo" title="Savogna d'Isonzo">Savogna d'Isonzo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Villesse" title="Villesse">Villesse</a></td> <td>15</td> <td>202.3</td> <td>67,644 </td></tr> <tr> <td>d</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTI_del_Canal_del_Ferro_-_Val_Canale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTI del Canal del Ferro - Val Canale (page does not exist)">UTI del Canal del Ferro - Val Canale</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tarvisio" title="Tarvisio">Tarvisio</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Udine" title="Province of Udine">UD</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chiusaforte" title="Chiusaforte">Chiusaforte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dogna" title="Dogna">Dogna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malborghetto_Valbruna" title="Malborghetto Valbruna">Malborghetto-Valbruna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moggio_Udinese" title="Moggio Udinese">Moggio Udinese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pontebba" title="Pontebba">Pontebba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Resia,_Friuli" class="mw-redirect" title="Resia, Friuli">Resia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Resiutta" title="Resiutta">Resiutta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tarvisio" title="Tarvisio">Tarvisio</a></td> <td>8</td> <td>885.0</td> <td>11,164 </td></tr> <tr> <td>e</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gemonese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gemonese (page does not exist)">UTI del Gemonese</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gemona_del_Friuli" title="Gemona del Friuli">Gemona del Friuli</a></td> <td>UD</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Artegna" title="Artegna">Artegna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bordano" title="Bordano">Bordano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gemona_del_Friuli" title="Gemona del Friuli">Gemona del Friuli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montenars" title="Montenars">Montenars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trasaghis" title="Trasaghis">Trasaghis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venzone" title="Venzone">Venzone</a></td> <td>6</td> <td>235.3</td> <td>19,893 </td></tr> <tr> <td>f</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTI_della_Carnia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTI della Carnia (page does not exist)">UTI della Carnia</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tolmezzo" title="Tolmezzo">Tolmezzo</a></td> <td>UD</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amaro,_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amaro, Friuli-Venezia Giulia (page does not exist)">Amaro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ampezzo" title="Ampezzo">Ampezzo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arta_Terme" title="Arta Terme">Arta Terme</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cavazzo_Carnico" title="Cavazzo Carnico">Cavazzo Carnico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cercivento" title="Cercivento">Cercivento</a>, <a href="/wiki/Comeglians" title="Comeglians">Comeglians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enemonzo" title="Enemonzo">Enemonzo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Forni_Avoltri" title="Forni Avoltri">Forni Avoltri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Forni_di_Sopra" title="Forni di Sopra">Forni di Sopra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Forni_di_Sotto" title="Forni di Sotto">Forni di Sotto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lauco" title="Lauco">Lauco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ovaro" title="Ovaro">Ovaro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paluzza" title="Paluzza">Paluzza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paularo" title="Paularo">Paularo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prato_Carnico" title="Prato Carnico">Prato Carnico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Preone" title="Preone">Preone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ravascletto" title="Ravascletto">Ravascletto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raveo" title="Raveo">Raveo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rigolato" title="Rigolato">Rigolato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sappada" title="Sappada">Sappada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sauris" title="Sauris">Sauris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Socchieve" title="Socchieve">Socchieve</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sutrio" title="Sutrio">Sutrio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tolmezzo" title="Tolmezzo">Tolmezzo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treppo_Ligosullo" title="Treppo Ligosullo">Treppo Ligosullo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Verzegnis" title="Verzegnis">Verzegnis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Villa_Santina" title="Villa Santina">Villa Santina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zuglio" title="Zuglio">Zuglio</a></td> <td>28</td> <td>1,286</td> <td>39,882 </td></tr> <tr> <td>g</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTI_del_Friuli_Centrale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTI del Friuli Centrale (page does not exist)">UTI del Friuli Centrale</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Udine" title="Udine">Udine</a></td> <td>UD</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Campoformido" title="Campoformido">Campoformido</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martignacco" title="Martignacco">Martignacco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pagnacco" title="Pagnacco">Pagnacco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pasian_di_Prato" title="Pasian di Prato">Pasian di Prato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pavia_di_Udine" title="Pavia di Udine">Pavia di Udine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pozzuolo_del_Friuli" title="Pozzuolo del Friuli">Pozzuolo del Friuli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pradamano" title="Pradamano">Pradamano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reana_del_Rojale" title="Reana del Rojale">Reana del Rojale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tavagnacco" title="Tavagnacco">Tavagnacco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tricesimo" title="Tricesimo">Tricesimo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Udine" title="Udine">Udine</a></td> <td>11</td> <td>274.1</td> <td>170,123 </td></tr> <tr> <td>h</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTI_del_Torre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTI del Torre (page does not exist)">UTI del Torre</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tarcento" title="Tarcento">Tarcento</a></td> <td>UD</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Attimis" title="Attimis">Attimis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cassacco" title="Cassacco">Cassacco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Faedis" title="Faedis">Faedis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lusevera" title="Lusevera">Lusevera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magnano_in_Riviera" title="Magnano in Riviera">Magnano in Riviera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nimis" title="Nimis">Nimis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Povoletto" title="Povoletto">Povoletto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taipana" title="Taipana">Taipana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tarcento" title="Tarcento">Tarcento</a></td> <td>9</td> <td>326.4</td> <td>36,651 </td></tr> <tr> <td>i</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTI_Mediofriuli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTI Mediofriuli (page does not exist)">UTI Mediofriuli</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Codroipo" title="Codroipo">Codroipo</a></td> <td>UD</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Basiliano" title="Basiliano">Basiliano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bertiolo" title="Bertiolo">Bertiolo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camino_al_Tagliamento" title="Camino al Tagliamento">Camino al Tagliamento</a>, <a href="/wiki/Castions_di_Strada" title="Castions di Strada">Castions di Strada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Codroipo" title="Codroipo">Codroipo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lestizza" title="Lestizza">Lestizza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mereto_di_Tomba" title="Mereto di Tomba">Mereto di Tomba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mortegliano" title="Mortegliano">Mortegliano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sedegliano" title="Sedegliano">Sedegliano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Talmassons" title="Talmassons">Talmassons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Varmo" title="Varmo">Varmo</a></td> <td>11</td> <td>419.6</td> <td>51,812 </td></tr> <tr> <td>j</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTI_Collinare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTI Collinare (page does not exist)">UTI Collinare</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Daniele_del_Friuli" title="San Daniele del Friuli">San Daniele del Friuli</a></td> <td>UD</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Buja" title="Buja">Buja</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colloredo_di_Monte_Albano" title="Colloredo di Monte Albano">Colloredo di Monte Albano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coseano" title="Coseano">Coseano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dignano" title="Dignano">Dignano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fagagna" title="Fagagna">Fagagna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flaibano" title="Flaibano">Flaibano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Forgaria_nel_Friuli" title="Forgaria nel Friuli">Forgaria nel Friuli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Majano" title="Majano">Majano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moruzzo" title="Moruzzo">Moruzzo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Osoppo" title="Osoppo">Osoppo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ragogna" title="Ragogna">Ragogna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rive_d%27Arcano" title="Rive d'Arcano">Rive d'Arcano</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Daniele_del_Friuli" title="San Daniele del Friuli">San Daniele del Friuli</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Vito_di_Fagagna" title="San Vito di Fagagna">San Vito di Fagagna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treppo_Grande" title="Treppo Grande">Treppo Grande</a></td> <td>15</td> <td>349.8</td> <td>51,241 </td></tr> <tr> <td>k</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTI_del_Natisone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTI del Natisone (page does not exist)">UTI del Natisone</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cividale_del_Friuli" title="Cividale del Friuli">Cividale del Friuli</a></td> <td>UD</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Buttrio" title="Buttrio">Buttrio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cividale_del_Friuli" title="Cividale del Friuli">Cividale del Friuli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corno_di_Rosazzo" title="Corno di Rosazzo">Corno di Rosazzo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Drenchia" title="Drenchia">Drenchia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grimacco" title="Grimacco">Grimacco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manzano,_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Manzano, Italy">Manzano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moimacco" title="Moimacco">Moimacco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Premariacco" title="Premariacco">Premariacco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prepotto" title="Prepotto">Prepotto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pulfero" title="Pulfero">Pulfero</a>, <a href="/wiki/Remanzacco" title="Remanzacco">Remanzacco</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Giovanni_al_Natisone" title="San Giovanni al Natisone">San Giovanni al Natisone</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Leonardo,_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Leonardo, Friuli-Venezia Giulia (page does not exist)">San Leonardo</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Pietro_al_Natisone" title="San Pietro al Natisone">San Pietro al Natisone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Savogna" title="Savogna">Savogna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stregna" title="Stregna">Stregna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Torreano" title="Torreano">Torreano</a></td> <td>17</td> <td>456.5</td> <td>52,112 </td></tr> <tr> <td>l</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTI_Riviera_-_Bassa_Friulana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTI Riviera - Bassa Friulana (page does not exist)">UTI Riviera - Bassa Friulana</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Latisana" title="Latisana">Latisana</a></td> <td>UD</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carlino" title="Carlino">Carlino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latisana" title="Latisana">Latisana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lignano_Sabbiadoro" title="Lignano Sabbiadoro">Lignano Sabbiadoro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marano_Lagunare" title="Marano Lagunare">Marano Lagunare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muzzana_del_Turgnano" title="Muzzana del Turgnano">Muzzana del Turgnano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palazzolo_dello_Stella" title="Palazzolo dello Stella">Palazzolo dello Stella</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pocenia" title="Pocenia">Pocenia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Porpetto" title="Porpetto">Porpetto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Precenicco" title="Precenicco">Precenicco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rivignano_Teor" title="Rivignano Teor">Rivignano Teor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ronchis" title="Ronchis">Ronchis</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Giorgio_di_Nogaro" title="San Giorgio di Nogaro">San Giorgio di Nogaro</a></td> <td>12</td> <td>438.4</td> <td>56,332 </td></tr> <tr> <td>m</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTI_Agro_Aquileiese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTI Agro Aquileiese (page does not exist)">UTI Agro Aquileiese</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cervignano_del_Friuli" title="Cervignano del Friuli">Cervignano del Friuli</a></td> <td>UD</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aiello_del_Friuli" title="Aiello del Friuli">Aiello del Friuli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aquileia" title="Aquileia">Aquileia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bagnaria_Arsa" title="Bagnaria Arsa">Bagnaria Arsa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bicinicco" title="Bicinicco">Bicinicco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Campolongo_Tapogliano" title="Campolongo Tapogliano">Campolongo Tapogliano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cervignano_del_Friuli" title="Cervignano del Friuli">Cervignano del Friuli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chiopris-Viscone" title="Chiopris-Viscone">Chiopris-Viscone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fiumicello_Villa_Vicentina" title="Fiumicello Villa Vicentina">Fiumicello Villa Vicentina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gonars" title="Gonars">Gonars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palmanova" title="Palmanova">Palmanova</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruda,_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruda, Friuli-Venezia Giulia (page does not exist)">Ruda</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Vito_al_Torre" title="San Vito al Torre">San Vito al Torre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_la_Longa" title="Santa Maria la Longa">Santa Maria la Longa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Torviscosa" title="Torviscosa">Torviscosa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Terzo_di_Aquileia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terzo di Aquileia (page does not exist)">Terzo di Aquileia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trivignano_Udinese" title="Trivignano Udinese">Trivignano Udinese</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Visco,_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Visco, Friuli-Venezia Giulia (page does not exist)">Visco</a></td> <td>17</td> <td>298.7</td> <td>55,148 </td></tr> <tr> <td>n</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTI_del_Tagliamento&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTI del Tagliamento (page does not exist)">UTI del Tagliamento</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Vito_al_Tagliamento" title="San Vito al Tagliamento">San Vito al Tagliamento</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pordenone" title="Province of Pordenone">PN</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Casarsa_della_Delizia" title="Casarsa della Delizia">Casarsa della Delizia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cordovado" title="Cordovado">Cordovado</a>, <a href="/wiki/Morsano_al_Tagliamento" title="Morsano al Tagliamento">Morsano al Tagliamento</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Giorgio_della_Richinvelda" title="San Giorgio della Richinvelda">San Giorgio della Richinvelda</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Martino_al_Tagliamento" title="San Martino al Tagliamento">San Martino al Tagliamento</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Vito_al_Tagliamento" title="San Vito al Tagliamento">San Vito al Tagliamento</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sesto_al_Reghena" title="Sesto al Reghena">Sesto al Reghena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spilimbergo" title="Spilimbergo">Spilimbergo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Valvasone_Arzene" title="Valvasone Arzene">Valvasone Arzene</a></td> <td>9</td> <td>334.3</td> <td>57,278 </td></tr> <tr> <td>o</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTI_delle_Valli_e_delle_Dolomiti_Friulane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTI delle Valli e delle Dolomiti Friulane (page does not exist)">UTI delle Valli e delle Dolomiti Friulane</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maniago" title="Maniago">Maniago</a></td> <td>PN</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Andreis" title="Andreis">Andreis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arba,_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Arba, Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Arba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barcis" title="Barcis">Barcis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Castelnovo_del_Friuli" title="Castelnovo del Friuli">Castelnovo del Friuli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cavasso_Nuovo" title="Cavasso Nuovo">Cavasso Nuovo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cimolais" title="Cimolais">Cimolais</a>, <a href="/wiki/Claut" title="Claut">Claut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clauzetto" title="Clauzetto">Clauzetto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erto_e_Casso" title="Erto e Casso">Erto e Casso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fanna" title="Fanna">Fanna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frisanco" title="Frisanco">Frisanco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maniago" title="Maniago">Maniago</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meduno" title="Meduno">Meduno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montereale_Valcellina" title="Montereale Valcellina">Montereale Valcellina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pinzano_al_Tagliamento" title="Pinzano al Tagliamento">Pinzano al Tagliamento</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sequals" title="Sequals">Sequals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tramonti_di_Sopra" title="Tramonti di Sopra">Tramonti di Sopra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tramonti_di_Sotto" title="Tramonti di Sotto">Tramonti di Sotto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Travesio" title="Travesio">Travesio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vajont" title="Vajont">Vajont</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vito_d%27Asio" title="Vito d'Asio">Vito d'Asio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vivaro" title="Vivaro">Vivaro</a></td> <td>22</td> <td>1,148.1</td> <td>37,086 </td></tr> <tr> <td>p</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTI_Livenza_-_Cansiglio_-_Cavallo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTI Livenza - Cansiglio - Cavallo (page does not exist)">UTI Livenza - Cansiglio - Cavallo</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sacile" title="Sacile">Sacile</a></td> <td>PN</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aviano" title="Aviano">Aviano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brugnera" title="Brugnera">Brugnera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Budoia" title="Budoia">Budoia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caneva" title="Caneva">Caneva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polcenigo" title="Polcenigo">Polcenigo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sacile" title="Sacile">Sacile</a></td> <td>6</td> <td>304.0</td> <td>50,408 </td></tr> <tr> <td>q</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTI_Sile_e_Meduna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTI Sile e Meduna (page does not exist)">UTI Sile e Meduna</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Azzano_Decimo" title="Azzano Decimo">Azzano Decimo</a></td> <td>PN</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Azzano_Decimo" title="Azzano Decimo">Azzano Decimo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chions" title="Chions">Chions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fiume_Veneto" title="Fiume Veneto">Fiume Veneto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pasiano_di_Pordenone" title="Pasiano di Pordenone">Pasiano di Pordenone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prata_di_Pordenone" title="Prata di Pordenone">Prata di Pordenone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pravisdomini" title="Pravisdomini">Pravisdomini</a></td> <td>6</td> <td>205.3</td> <td>51,993 </td></tr> <tr> <td>r</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTI_del_Noncello&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTI del Noncello (page does not exist)">UTI del Noncello</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pordenone" title="Pordenone">Pordenone</a></td> <td>PN</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cordenons" title="Cordenons">Cordenons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fontanafredda" title="Fontanafredda">Fontanafredda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Porcia,_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Porcia, Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Porcia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pordenone" title="Pordenone">Pordenone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roveredo_in_Piano" title="Roveredo in Piano">Roveredo in Piano</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Quirino" title="San Quirino">San Quirino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zoppola" title="Zoppola">Zoppola</a></td> <td>7</td> <td>283.6</td> <td>114,046 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_municipalities_and_UTI_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_-_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Map_of_municipalities_and_UTI_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_-_Italy.svg/500px-Map_of_municipalities_and_UTI_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_-_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="449" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Map_of_municipalities_and_UTI_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_-_Italy.svg/750px-Map_of_municipalities_and_UTI_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_-_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Map_of_municipalities_and_UTI_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_-_Italy.svg/1000px-Map_of_municipalities_and_UTI_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_-_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="898" /></a><figcaption>Map of the <i>Unione territoriale intercomunale</i> of Friuli-Venezia Giulia;<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> letters correspond to those in leftmost column of the table above.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Regional_decentralization_entities">Regional decentralization entities</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Regional decentralization entities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_region_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia,_Italy,_with_provinces-it.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Map_of_region_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-it.svg/350px-Map_of_region_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-it.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Map_of_region_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-it.svg/525px-Map_of_region_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-it.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Map_of_region_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-it.svg/700px-Map_of_region_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-it.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="4316" data-file-height="3831" /></a><figcaption>Former provinces of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, now EDRs</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_municipalities_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_-_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Map_of_municipalities_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_-_Italy.svg/220px-Map_of_municipalities_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_-_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Map_of_municipalities_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_-_Italy.svg/330px-Map_of_municipalities_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_-_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Map_of_municipalities_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_-_Italy.svg/440px-Map_of_municipalities_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_-_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="898" /></a><figcaption>Municipalities (<i><a href="/wiki/Comune" title="Comune">comuni</a></i>) of Friuli-Venezia Giulia</figcaption></figure> <p>Until 2017–18, Friuli-Venezia Giulia was divided into four provinces. The Regional Council voted to abolish them effective 30 September 2017,<sup id="cite_ref-Abolished_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abolished-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although the provincial council of the largest, Udine, carried on some administrative responsibilities until 22 April 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-FinalActivity_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FinalActivity-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They have again been active since 1 July 2020 under the administrative form of regional decentralization entities or EDRs.<sup id="cite_ref-rde_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rde-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable centered"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#ccf;">EDR <br />(listed west<br /> to east) </th> <th style="background:#ccf;">Area<br />(km<sup>2</sup>) </th> <th style="background:#ccf;">Population </th> <th style="background:#ccf;">Density<br />(inh./km<sup>2</sup>) </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pordenone" title="Province of Pordenone">Pordenone</a> </td> <td align="right">2,273 </td> <td align="right">311,931 </td> <td align="right">137.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Udine" title="Province of Udine">Udine</a> </td> <td align="right">4,905 </td> <td align="right">539,224 </td> <td align="right">109.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Gorizia" title="Province of Gorizia">Gorizia</a> </td> <td align="right">466 </td> <td align="right">142,392 </td> <td align="right">305.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Trieste" title="Province of Trieste">Trieste</a> </td> <td align="right">212 </td> <td align="right">236,445 </td> <td align="right">1,115.3 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Quadrilingual_traffic_sign.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Quadrilingual_traffic_sign.jpg/220px-Quadrilingual_traffic_sign.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Quadrilingual_traffic_sign.jpg/330px-Quadrilingual_traffic_sign.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Quadrilingual_traffic_sign.jpg/440px-Quadrilingual_traffic_sign.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="1231" /></a><figcaption>A traffic sign in Italian, <a href="/wiki/Friulan" class="mw-redirect" title="Friulan">Friulan</a>, German and Slovene</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Language">Language</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Linguistic_minorities_in_FVG.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Linguistic_minorities_in_FVG.png/300px-Linguistic_minorities_in_FVG.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Linguistic_minorities_in_FVG.png/450px-Linguistic_minorities_in_FVG.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Linguistic_minorities_in_FVG.png/600px-Linguistic_minorities_in_FVG.png 2x" data-file-width="1110" data-file-height="722" /></a><figcaption>A map of linguistic minorities in Friuli-Venezia Giulia; areas in white are historically Venetian speaking.</figcaption></figure> <p>The official languages of the region are <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Friulian_language" title="Friulian language">Friulian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovene_language" title="Slovene language">Slovene</a> and <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> is the official national language. <a href="/wiki/Friulian_language" title="Friulian language">Friulian language</a> is also spoken in most of the region—with a few exceptions, most notably Trieste and the area around <a href="/wiki/Monfalcone" title="Monfalcone">Monfalcone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Grado,_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Grado, Italy">Grado</a>, where a version of the <a href="/wiki/Venetian_language" title="Venetian language">Venetian language</a> and <a href="/wiki/Triestine_dialect" title="Triestine dialect">Triestine dialect</a> is spoken instead.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Venetian is also spoken in western part of the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pordenone" title="Province of Pordenone">Province of Pordenone</a>, and in the <a href="/wiki/Pordenone" title="Pordenone">city of Pordenone</a> itself, due to its proximity with the <a href="/wiki/Veneto" title="Veneto">Veneto region</a>. <a href="/wiki/Friulian_language" title="Friulian language">Friulian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Venetian_language" title="Venetian language">Venetian</a> are more common in the countryside, while <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">standard Italian</a> is the predominant language in the larger towns (<a href="/wiki/Udine" title="Udine">Udine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pordenone" title="Pordenone">Pordenone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gorizia" title="Gorizia">Gorizia</a>). The region is also home to Italy's <a href="/wiki/Slovene_minority_in_Italy" title="Slovene minority in Italy">Slovene-speaking minority</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historical_flag">Historical flag</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Historical flag"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A very popular symbol among the Friulian community (mostly identified with the Friulian-speaking population in the provinces of Udine, Pordenone and Gorizia and the numerous expat communities around the world) is the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Friuli" title="Flag of Friuli">Friulian Historical Flag</a>, to which the official regional flag is roughly inspired, being somehow a modern interpretation of it. The official, modern "Friuli-Venezia Giulia" flag logo was issued in 1967–1968<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (and adopted in 2001) to represent the region which in 1963<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> took the administrative setup of today. The historical symbol of the eagle dates back to (at least) the 13th century, the time of the Patriarchate of Aquileia.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Piazza_san_giacomo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Piazza San Giacomo in Udine"><img alt="Piazza San Giacomo in Udine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Piazza_san_giacomo.jpg/120px-Piazza_san_giacomo.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Piazza_san_giacomo.jpg/180px-Piazza_san_giacomo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Piazza_san_giacomo.jpg/240px-Piazza_san_giacomo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Piazza San Giacomo in <a href="/wiki/Udine" title="Udine">Udine</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Castello_di_Miramare_lato_mare.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The Miramare Castle in Trieste"><img alt="The Miramare Castle in Trieste" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Castello_di_Miramare_lato_mare.JPG/90px-Castello_di_Miramare_lato_mare.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Castello_di_Miramare_lato_mare.JPG/135px-Castello_di_Miramare_lato_mare.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Castello_di_Miramare_lato_mare.JPG/180px-Castello_di_Miramare_lato_mare.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1524" data-file-height="2032" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Miramare_Castle" title="Miramare Castle">Miramare Castle</a> in Trieste</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Laghi_Di_Fusine_(210396055).jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="The lake of Fusine in Valromana"><img alt="The lake of Fusine in Valromana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Laghi_Di_Fusine_%28210396055%29.jpeg/120px-Laghi_Di_Fusine_%28210396055%29.jpeg" decoding="async" width="120" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Laghi_Di_Fusine_%28210396055%29.jpeg/180px-Laghi_Di_Fusine_%28210396055%29.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Laghi_Di_Fusine_%28210396055%29.jpeg/240px-Laghi_Di_Fusine_%28210396055%29.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1639" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The lake of <a href="/wiki/Fusine_in_Valromana" title="Fusine in Valromana">Fusine in Valromana</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cividale_Panorama_(24645109410).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Devil's Bridge in Cividale del Friuli"><img alt="The Devil's Bridge in Cividale del Friuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Cividale_Panorama_%2824645109410%29.jpg/120px-Cividale_Panorama_%2824645109410%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Cividale_Panorama_%2824645109410%29.jpg/180px-Cividale_Panorama_%2824645109410%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Cividale_Panorama_%2824645109410%29.jpg/240px-Cividale_Panorama_%2824645109410%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="3511" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Devil's Bridge in <a href="/wiki/Cividale_del_Friuli" title="Cividale del Friuli">Cividale del Friuli</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lignano_Sabbiadoro_5214.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Terrazza Mare in Lignano Sabbiadoro"><img alt="Terrazza Mare in Lignano Sabbiadoro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Lignano_Sabbiadoro_5214.jpg/120px-Lignano_Sabbiadoro_5214.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Lignano_Sabbiadoro_5214.jpg/180px-Lignano_Sabbiadoro_5214.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Lignano_Sabbiadoro_5214.jpg/240px-Lignano_Sabbiadoro_5214.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Terrazza Mare in <a href="/wiki/Lignano_Sabbiadoro" title="Lignano Sabbiadoro">Lignano Sabbiadoro</a> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Barbana.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Grado lagoon"><img alt="The Grado lagoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Barbana.jpg/120px-Barbana.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Barbana.jpg/180px-Barbana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Barbana.jpg/240px-Barbana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1288" data-file-height="966" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grado_lagoon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grado lagoon (page does not exist)">Grado lagoon</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sistiana1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The bay of Sistiana"><img alt="The bay of Sistiana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Sistiana1.jpg/120px-Sistiana1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Sistiana1.jpg/180px-Sistiana1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Sistiana1.jpg/240px-Sistiana1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The bay of <a href="/wiki/Sistiana" title="Sistiana">Sistiana</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PiazzaUnit%C3%A0_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Piazza Unità d'Italia in Trieste"><img alt="Piazza Unità d'Italia in Trieste" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/PiazzaUnit%C3%A0_1.jpg/120px-PiazzaUnit%C3%A0_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/PiazzaUnit%C3%A0_1.jpg/180px-PiazzaUnit%C3%A0_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/PiazzaUnit%C3%A0_1.jpg/240px-PiazzaUnit%C3%A0_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Piazza_Unit%C3%A0_d%27Italia" title="Piazza Unità d'Italia">Piazza Unità d'Italia</a> in Trieste</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Molo_audace_015_2008-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The sea in Trieste"><img alt="The sea in Trieste" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Molo_audace_015_2008-01.jpg/120px-Molo_audace_015_2008-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Molo_audace_015_2008-01.jpg/180px-Molo_audace_015_2008-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Molo_audace_015_2008-01.jpg/240px-Molo_audace_015_2008-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The sea in Trieste</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lussari_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sanctuary in Mount Lussari, Tarvisio"><img alt="Sanctuary in Mount Lussari, Tarvisio" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Lussari_03.jpg/120px-Lussari_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Lussari_03.jpg/180px-Lussari_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Lussari_03.jpg/240px-Lussari_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2715" data-file-height="2036" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sanctuary in Mount Lussari, <a href="/wiki/Tarvisio" title="Tarvisio">Tarvisio</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pinzano_panorama.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The River Tagliamento near Pinzano"><img alt="The River Tagliamento near Pinzano" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Pinzano_panorama.JPG/120px-Pinzano_panorama.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Pinzano_panorama.JPG/180px-Pinzano_panorama.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Pinzano_panorama.JPG/240px-Pinzano_panorama.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Tagliamento" title="Tagliamento">River Tagliamento</a> near <a href="/wiki/Pinzano_al_Tagliamento" title="Pinzano al Tagliamento">Pinzano</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Culinocjasos.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Typical houses in Carnia"><img alt="Typical houses in Carnia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Culinocjasos.JPG/120px-Culinocjasos.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Culinocjasos.JPG/180px-Culinocjasos.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Culinocjasos.JPG/240px-Culinocjasos.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Typical houses in <a href="/wiki/Carnia" title="Carnia">Carnia</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="List of museums in Friuli-Venezia Giulia">List of museums in Friuli-Venezia Giulia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Music of Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Music of Friuli-Venezia Giulia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Usage of the hyphen, even in official sources, is inconsistent. While it is present in the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Italy" title="Constitution of Italy">Constitution of Italy</a>, the region is also referred to as <i>Friuli Venezia Giulia</i> in other sources.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">It may be pronounced <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'f' in 'find'">f</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span></span><span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span><span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/dʒ/: 'j' in 'jam'">dʒ</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span> in British English, and <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/-<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span><span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/dʒ/: 'j' in 'jam'">dʒ</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/j/: 'y' in 'yes'">j</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span>, <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/-<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/j/: 'y' in 'yes'">j</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span><span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/dʒ/: 'j' in 'jam'">dʒ</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/j/: 'y' in 'yes'">j</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span>, or <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'f' in 'find'">f</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span></span><span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span><span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/dʒ/: 'j' in 'jam'">dʒ</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/j/: 'y' in 'yes'">j</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span> in American English.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Friulian_language" title="Friulian language">Friulian</a>: <i lang="fur">Friûl-Vignesie Julie</i>; <a href="/wiki/Slovene_language" title="Slovene language">Slovene</a>: <i lang="sl">Furlanija-Julijska krajina</i>; <a href="/wiki/Venetian_language" title="Venetian language">Venetian</a>: <i lang="vec">Friułi-Venesia Julia</i> or <span title="Venetian-language text"><i lang="vec">Friul-Venesia Julia</i></span>; <a href="/wiki/Austrian_German_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Austrian German language">Austrian German</a>: <i lang="de-AT">Friaul-Julisch Venetien</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/DEMO_R_D2JAN/default/table?lang=en">"Population on 1 January by age, sex and NUTS 2 region"</a>, <i>www.ec.europa.eu</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=www.ec.europa.eu&rft.atitle=Population+on+1+January+by+age%2C+sex+and+NUTS+2+region&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Feurostat%2Fdatabrowser%2Fview%2FDEMO_R_D2JAN%2Fdefault%2Ftable%3Flang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GlobalDataLab-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GlobalDataLab_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/shdi/ITA/?levels=1%2B4&interpolation=1&extrapolation=0&nearest_real=0&years=2019">"Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab"</a>. <i>hdi.globaldatalab.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hdi.globaldatalab.org&rft.atitle=Sub-national+HDI+-+Area+Database+-+Global+Data+Lab&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobaldatalab.org%2Fshdi%2Fshdi%2FITA%2F%3Flevels%3D1%252B4%26interpolation%3D1%26extrapolation%3D0%26nearest_real%3D0%26years%3D2019&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLondero2017" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Londero, Hubert (6 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ilfriuli.it/politica/il-mistero-del-trattino-scomparso/">"Il mistero del trattino scomparso"</a>. <i>IlFriuli.it</i> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IlFriuli.it&rft.atitle=Il+mistero+del+trattino+scomparso&rft.date=2017-05-06&rft.aulast=Londero&rft.aufirst=Hubert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ilfriuli.it%2Fpolitica%2Fil-mistero-del-trattino-scomparso%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.italia.it/it/friuli-venezia-giulia">"Friuli-Venezia Giulia"</a>. <i>Italia.it</i> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Italia.it&rft.atitle=Friuli-Venezia+Giulia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.italia.it%2Fit%2Ffriuli-venezia-giulia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Reference-AHD-Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=Friuli-Venezia+Giulia">"Friuli-Venezia Giulia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language" title="The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language">The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language</a></i> (5th ed.). HarperCollins<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+American+Heritage+Dictionary+of+the+English+Language&rft.atitle=Friuli-Venezia+Giulia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ahdictionary.com%2Fword%2Fsearch.html%3Fq%3DFriuli-Venezia%2BGiulia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/us/Friuli-Venezia+Giulia">"Friuli-Venezia Giulia"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Friuli-Venezia+Giulia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.oxforddictionaries.com%2Fdefinition%2Fus%2FFriuli-Venezia%2BGiulia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2022">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823220325/https://www.lexico.com/definition/friuli-venezia_giulia">"Friuli-Venezia Giulia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Lexico" title="Lexico">Lexico</a> UK English Dictionary</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lexico.com/definition/Friuli-Venezia+Giulia">the original</a> on 23 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Friuli-Venezia+Giulia&rft.btitle=Lexico+UK+English+Dictionary&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexico.com%2Fdefinition%2FFriuli-Venezia%2BGiulia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Friuli-Venezia%20Giulia">"Friuli-Venezia Giulia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Merriam-Webster" title="Merriam-Webster">Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary</a></i>. Merriam-Webster<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Merriam-Webster.com+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Friuli-Venezia+Giulia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2FFriuli-Venezia%2520Giulia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.regione.fvg.it/rafvg/cms/RAFVG/cultura-sport/patrimonio-culturale/comunita-linguistiche/">"Regione Autonoma Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Comunità linguistiche regionali"</a>. <i>www.regione.fvg.it</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.regione.fvg.it&rft.atitle=Regione+Autonoma+Friuli-Venezia+Giulia+%E2%80%93+Comunit%C3%A0+linguistiche+regionali&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.regione.fvg.it%2Frafvg%2Fcms%2FRAFVG%2Fcultura-sport%2Fpatrimonio-culturale%2Fcomunita-linguistiche%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.udinetoday.it/social/origine-nome-friuli-venezia-giulia-storia.html">"Friuli-Venezia Giulia: l'origine del nome"</a>. <i>UdineToday</i> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UdineToday&rft.atitle=Friuli-Venezia+Giulia%3A+l%27origine+del+nome&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.udinetoday.it%2Fsocial%2Forigine-nome-friuli-venezia-giulia-storia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.regione.fvg.it/inglese/pagine_interne/welcome_history.asp">"Sito Ufficale della Regione Autonoma Friuli–Venezia Giulia – Versione Inglese"</a>. Regione.fvg.it<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sito+Ufficale+della+Regione+Autonoma+Friuli%E2%80%93Venezia+Giulia+%E2%80%93+Versione+Inglese&rft.pub=Regione.fvg.it&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.regione.fvg.it%2Finglese%2Fpagine_interne%2Fwelcome_history.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parlamento.it/parlam/leggi/01003lc.htm">"Modifiche al titolo V della parte seconda della Costituzione"</a>. parlamento.it. 18 October 2001.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Modifiche+al+titolo+V+della+parte+seconda+della+Costituzione&rft.pub=parlamento.it&rft.date=2001-10-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.parlamento.it%2Fparlam%2Fleggi%2F01003lc.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060620220301/http://www.governo.it/Governo/Costituzione/CostituzioneRepubblicaItaliana.pdf">"Costituzione della Repubblica Italiana"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Italian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.governo.it/Governo/Costituzione/CostituzioneRepubblicaItaliana.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 20 June 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Costituzione+della+Repubblica+Italiana&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.governo.it%2FGoverno%2FCostituzione%2FCostituzioneRepubblicaItaliana.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sarti, Gianpaolo: La Lega lancia la regione "Friuli e Trieste", in: <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Il_Piccolo" title="Il Piccolo">Il Piccolo</a></i></span>, 9 September 2014, p. 14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/2995521/10474907/1-05032020-AP-EN.pdf/81807e19-e4c8-2e53-c98a-933f5bf30f58">"Regional GDP per capita ranged from 30% to 263% of the EU average in 2018"</a>. <i>Eurostat</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Eurostat&rft.atitle=Regional+GDP+per+capita+ranged+from+30%25+to+263%25+of+the+EU+average+in+2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Feurostat%2Fdocuments%2F2995521%2F10474907%2F1-05032020-AP-EN.pdf%2F81807e19-e4c8-2e53-c98a-933f5bf30f58&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-regportraits1-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-regportraits1_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-regportraits1_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-regportraits1_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-regportraits1_19-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-regportraits1_19-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-regportraits1_19-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-regportraits1_19-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100418163221/http://circa.europa.eu/irc/dsis/regportraits/info/data/en/itd4_eco.htm">"Eurostat"</a>. Circa.europa.eu. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://circa.europa.eu/irc/dsis/regportraits/info/data/en/itd4_eco.htm">the original</a> on 18 April 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eurostat&rft.pub=Circa.europa.eu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcirca.europa.eu%2Firc%2Fdsis%2Fregportraits%2Finfo%2Fdata%2Fen%2Fitd4_eco.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=lfst_r_lfu3rt&lang=en">"Unemployment NUTS 2 regions Eurostat"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Unemployment+NUTS+2+regions+Eurostat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fappsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu%2Fnui%2Fshow.do%3Fdataset%3Dlfst_r_lfu3rt%26lang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://borghipiubelliditalia.it/friuli/">"Friuli Venezia Giulia"</a> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Friuli+Venezia+Giulia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fborghipiubelliditalia.it%2Ffriuli%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.repubblica.it/viaggi/2023/01/16/news/borghi_piu_belli_italia_14_nuovi_2023-383794441/">"Borghi più belli d'Italia. Le 14 novità 2023, dal Trentino alla Calabria"</a> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Borghi+pi%C3%B9+belli+d%27Italia.+Le+14+novit%C3%A0+2023%2C+dal+Trentino+alla+Calabria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.repubblica.it%2Fviaggi%2F2023%2F01%2F16%2Fnews%2Fborghi_piu_belli_italia_14_nuovi_2023-383794441%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://borghipiubelliditalia.it/">"I Borghi più belli d'Italia, la guida online ai piccoli centri dell'Italia nascosta"</a> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I+Borghi+pi%C3%B9+belli+d%27Italia%2C+la+guida+online+ai+piccoli+centri+dell%27Italia+nascosta&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fborghipiubelliditalia.it%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Prost, Brigitte: Le Frioul.Région d#affrontements, Géneve 1973.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Abolished-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Abolished_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Abolished_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171023083832/http://www.consiglio.regione.fvg.it/cms/hp/informazioni/0072.html">"Soppressione delle Province del Friuli-Venezia Giulia"</a> [Suppression of the Provinces of Friuli-Venezia Giulia]. <i>Consiglio regionale del Friuli-Venezia Giulia</i> (in Italian). 14 December 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.consiglio.regione.fvg.it/cms/hp/informazioni/0072.html">the original</a> on 23 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Consiglio+regionale+del+Friuli-Venezia+Giulia&rft.atitle=Soppressione+delle+Province+del+Friuli-Venezia+Giulia&rft.date=2016-12-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.consiglio.regione.fvg.it%2Fcms%2Fhp%2Finformazioni%2F0072.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FinalActivity-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FinalActivity_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FinalActivity_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180504011126/http://www.provincia.udine.it/notizie/nomina-del-commissario-liquidatore">"Nomina del commissario liquidatore"</a> [Appointment of the liquidator commissioner]. <i>Provincia di Udine</i> (in Italian). 16 May 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.provincia.udine.it/notizie/nomina-del-commissario-liquidatore">the original</a> on 4 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Provincia+di+Udine&rft.atitle=Nomina+del+commissario+liquidatore&rft.date=2018-05-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.provincia.udine.it%2Fnotizie%2Fnomina-del-commissario-liquidatore&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rde-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rde_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rde_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ilfriuli.it/politica/focus-sugli-enti-di-decentramento-regionale/">"Focus sugli Enti di decentramento regionale"</a>. <i>IlFriuli.it</i> (in Italian). 22 September 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IlFriuli.it&rft.atitle=Focus+sugli+Enti+di+decentramento+regionale&rft.date=2020-09-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ilfriuli.it%2Fpolitica%2Ffocus-sugli-enti-di-decentramento-regionale%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.regione.fvg.it/rafvg/giunta/dettaglio.act;jsessionid=C58454401E9659900CAB3D9A555DAFB2?dir=/rafvg/cms/RAFVG/Giunta/Panontin/comunicati/&id=93283&ass=C03&WT.ti=Ricerca%20comunicati%20stampa">"Enti locali: Approvata la proposta del piano di riordino territoriale del FV"</a> [Local authorities: Approved the proposal of the territorial reorganization plan of the FV] (in Italian). 4 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Enti+locali%3A+Approvata+la+proposta+del+piano+di+riordino+territoriale+del+FV&rft.date=2015-02-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.regione.fvg.it%2Frafvg%2Fgiunta%2Fdettaglio.act%3Bjsessionid%3DC58454401E9659900CAB3D9A555DAFB2%3Fdir%3D%2Frafvg%2Fcms%2FRAFVG%2FGiunta%2FPanontin%2Fcomunicati%2F%26id%3D93283%26ass%3DC03%26WT.ti%3DRicerca%2520comunicati%2520stampa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iris.unibocconi.it/handle/11565/4014768">"Local development challenges and the role of "wide areas" in strategic planning. The case of inter-municipal territorial unions of Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Italy)"</a>. <i>iris.unibocconi.it</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=iris.unibocconi.it&rft.atitle=Local+development+challenges+and+the+role+of+%22wide+areas%22+in+strategic+planning.+The+case+of+inter-municipal+territorial+unions+of+Friuli-Venezia+Giulia+%28Italy%29.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Firis.unibocconi.it%2Fhandle%2F11565%2F4014768&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161224093432/http://autonomielocali.regione.fvg.it/aall/export/sites/default/AALL/Riforma_enti_locali/Allegati/MAPPA_UTI_FVG_distretti_DGR_1282.pdf">"Unioni Territoriali intercomunali (UTI)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://autonomielocali.regione.fvg.it/aall/export/sites/default/AALL/Riforma_enti_locali/Allegati/MAPPA_UTI_FVG_distretti_DGR_1282.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 24 December 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Unioni+Territoriali+intercomunali+%28UTI%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fautonomielocali.regione.fvg.it%2Faall%2Fexport%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2FAALL%2FRiforma_enti_locali%2FAllegati%2FMAPPA_UTI_FVG_distretti_DGR_1282.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304133627/http://www.consiglio.regione.fvg.it/iterdocs/Serv-LC/ITER_LEGGI/LEGISLATURA_VIII/LEGGI_APPROVATE/135_LR.pdf">"pending"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.consiglio.regione.fvg.it/iterdocs/Serv-LC/ITER_LEGGI/LEGISLATURA_VIII/LEGGI_APPROVATE/135_LR.pdf/">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=pending&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.consiglio.regione.fvg.it%2Fiterdocs%2FServ-LC%2FITER_LEGGI%2FLEGISLATURA_VIII%2FLEGGI_APPROVATE%2F135_LR.pdf%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200122050607/http://www.regione.fvg.it/rafvg/cms/RAFVG/GEN/amministrazione-trasparente/FOGLIA1/FOGLIA2/#:~:text=Lo%20Statuto%20Speciale%20della%20Regione,integrano%20l'ordinamento%20della%20Regione">"pending"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.regione.fvg.it/rafvg/cms/RAFVG/GEN/amministrazione-trasparente/FOGLIA1/FOGLIA2/#:~:text=Lo%20Statuto%20Speciale%20della%20Regione,integrano%20l'ordinamento%20della%20Regione">the original</a> on 22 January 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=pending&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.regione.fvg.it%2Frafvg%2Fcms%2FRAFVG%2FGEN%2Famministrazione-trasparente%2FFOGLIA1%2FFOGLIA2%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DLo%2520Statuto%2520Speciale%2520della%2520Regione%2Cintegrano%2520l%27ordinamento%2520della%2520Regione&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Friuli-Venezia Giulia</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turismofvg.it/Home">"The official website for tourism of Friuli-Venezia Giulia. Welcome"</a>. Friuli-Venezia Giulia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+official+website+for+tourism+of+Friuli-Venezia+Giulia.+Welcome&rft.pub=Friuli-Venezia+Giulia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.turismofvg.it%2FHome&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osmer.fvg.it/~www/EN/HOME/index.php">"Metro.fvg: Regione Autonoma Friuli-Venezia Giulia"</a>. OSMER: Osservatorio Meteorologico Reginale.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Metro.fvg%3A+Regione+Autonoma+Friuli-Venezia+Giulia&rft.pub=OSMER%3A+Osservatorio+Meteorologico+Reginale&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.osmer.fvg.it%2F~www%2FEN%2FHOME%2Findex.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriuli-Venezia+Giulia" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Template:Friuli-Venezia Giulia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Template talk:Friuli-Venezia Giulia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Friuli-Venezia Giulia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Friuli-Venezia Giulia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.2em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Italy" title="Provinces of Italy">Provinces<br />and places</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#f7f7f7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Gorizia" title="Province of Gorizia">Gorizia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pordenone" title="Province of Pordenone">Pordenone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Trieste" title="Province of Trieste">Trieste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Udine" title="Province of Udine">Udine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="List of municipalities of Friuli-Venezia Giulia">List of municipalities</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_region_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia,_Italy,_with_provinces-it.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Map_of_region_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-it.svg/150px-Map_of_region_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-it.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Map_of_region_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-it.svg/225px-Map_of_region_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-it.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Map_of_region_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-it.svg/300px-Map_of_region_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-it.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="4316" data-file-height="3831" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.2em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Friuli" title="Friuli">Friuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Friuli" title="Duchy of Friuli">Duchy of Friuli</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dukes_and_margraves_of_Friuli" title="Dukes and margraves of Friuli">Monarchs of Friuli</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_of_Friuli" title="March of Friuli">March of Friuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_of_Verona" title="March of Verona">March of Verona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patria_del_Friuli" title="Patria del Friuli">Patria del Friuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_of_Gorizia" title="County of Gorizia">County of Gorizia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Free_City_of_Trieste" title="Imperial Free City of Trieste">Imperial Free City of Trieste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorizia_and_Gradisca" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorizia and Gradisca">Gorizia and Gradisca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Kingdom of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Littoral" title="Austrian Littoral">Austrian Littoral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezia_Giulia" class="mw-redirect" title="Venezia Giulia">Venezia Giulia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Territory_of_Trieste" title="Free Territory of Trieste">Free Territory of Trieste</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.2em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Politics of Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Politics and<br />government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#f7f7f7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Elections in Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Elections in Friuli-Venezia Giulia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="List of presidents of Friuli-Venezia Giulia">List of presidents of Friuli-Venezia Giulia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.2em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Education_in_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Category:Education in Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Education</a> and<br />culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_wine" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia wine">Wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Flag of Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Flag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Category:Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Category:Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Categories</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Regions_of_Italy" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Regions_of_Italy" title="Template:Regions of Italy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Regions_of_Italy" title="Template talk:Regions of Italy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Regions_of_Italy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Regions of Italy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Regions_of_Italy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">Regions of Italy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_Italy" title="Central Italy">Central</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lazio" title="Lazio">Lazio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marche" title="Marche">Marche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany">Tuscany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbria" title="Umbria">Umbria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Italy" title="Northern Italy">Northern Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Italy" title="Northeast Italy">Northeast</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emilia-Romagna" title="Emilia-Romagna">Emilia-Romagna</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Friuli-Venezia Giulia</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trentino-Alto_Adige/S%C3%BCdtirol" title="Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol">Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veneto" title="Veneto">Veneto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Italy" title="Northwest Italy">Northwest</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aosta_Valley" title="Aosta Valley">Aosta Valley</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria">Liguria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombardy" title="Lombardy">Lombardy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piedmont" title="Piedmont">Piedmont</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Italy" title="Southern Italy">Southern Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/South_Italy" title="South Italy">South</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abruzzo" title="Abruzzo">Abruzzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apulia" title="Apulia">Apulia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilicata" title="Basilicata">Basilicata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campania" title="Campania">Campania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molise" title="Molise">Molise</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Insular_Italy" title="Insular Italy">Insular</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sardinia" title="Sardinia">Sardinia</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup><small>1</small></sup> <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy#Autonomous_regions_with_special_statute" title="Regions of Italy">Autonomous regions</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Italy_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Italy_topics" title="Template:Italy topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Italy_topics" title="Template talk:Italy topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Italy_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Italy topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Italy_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Italy" title="Outline of Italy">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italy" title="History of Italy">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Overview</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Italian_history" title="Timeline of Italian history">Timeline of Italian history</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italian_citizenship" title="History of Italian citizenship">Citizenship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_coins_in_Italy" title="History of coins in Italy">Currency and coinage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Italy" title="Economic history of Italy">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italian_fashion" title="History of Italian fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_flags" title="List of Italian flags">Flags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_history_of_Italy" title="Genetic history of Italy">Genetic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historic_states_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="List of historic states of Italy">Historic states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Italy" title="History of the Jews in Italy">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Italy" title="LGBT history in Italy">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Italy" title="Military history of Italy">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_history_of_Italy" title="Music history of Italy">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Italy" title="Name of Italy">Name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Italy" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Italy">Postage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_rail_transport_in_Italy" title="History of rail transport in Italy">Railways</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Prehistory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Italy" title="Prehistoric Italy">Prehistory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_Italy" title="Neolithic Italy">Neolithic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villanovan_culture" title="Villanovan culture">Villanovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terramare_culture" title="Terramare culture">Terramare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rinaldone_culture" title="Rinaldone culture">Rinaldone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apennine_culture" title="Apennine culture">Apennine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuragic_civilization" title="Nuragic civilization">Nuragic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golasecca_culture" title="Golasecca culture">Golasecca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canegrate_culture" title="Canegrate culture">Canegrate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latial_culture" title="Latial culture">Latial</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Ancient</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_peoples_of_Italy" title="List of ancient peoples of Italy">Ancient peoples</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italic_peoples" title="Italic peoples">Italic peoples</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latins_(Italic_tribe)" title="Latins (Italic tribe)">Latins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osci" title="Osci">Osci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picentes" title="Picentes">Picentes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samnites" title="Samnites">Samnites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbri" title="Umbri">Umbri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Veneti" title="Adriatic Veneti">Veneti</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etruscan_civilization" title="Etruscan civilization">Etruscans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cisalpine_Gaul" title="Cisalpine Gaul">Celts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magna_Graecia" title="Magna Graecia">Magna Graecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligures" title="Ligures">Ligures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messapians" title="Messapians">Messapians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Ancient Rome</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Kingdom" title="Roman Kingdom">Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_expansion_in_Italy" title="Roman expansion in Italy">Roman conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Italy" title="Roman Italy">Roman Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Empire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Roman_Empire" title="Western Roman Empire">Western Empire</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Middle Ages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italy_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Italy in the Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> <ul><li>Italy under <a href="/wiki/Odoacer#King_of_Italy" title="Odoacer">Odoacer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrogothic_Kingdom" title="Ostrogothic Kingdom">Ostrogoths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Italy" title="Byzantine Italy">Byzantium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Lombards" title="Kingdom of the Lombards">Lombards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)">the Holy Roman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardinian_medieval_kingdoms" title="Sardinian medieval kingdoms">the Sardinian Judicates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Islam_in_southern_Italy" title="History of Islam in southern Italy">Arabs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_conquest_of_southern_Italy" title="Norman conquest of southern Italy">Normans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guelphs_and_Ghibellines" title="Guelphs and Ghibellines">Guelphs and Ghibellines</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombard_League" title="Lombard League">Lombard League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sicily" title="Kingdom of Sicily">Kingdom of Sicily</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Sicilian_Vespers" title="War of the Sicilian Vespers">War of the Sicilian Vespers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">Kingdom of Naples</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Early modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_city-states" title="Italian city-states">Italian city-states</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Florence" title="Republic of Florence">Florence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Siena" title="Republic of Siena">Siena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Milan" title="Duchy of Milan">Milan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_republics" title="Maritime republics">Maritime republics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa">Genoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Pisa" title="Republic of Pisa">Pisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Amalfi" title="Duchy of Amalfi">Amalfi</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia_(1720%E2%80%931861)" title="Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)">Kingdom of Sardinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Tuscany" title="Grand Duchy of Tuscany">Grand Duchy of Tuscany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Savoy" title="Duchy of Savoy">Duchy of Savoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Renaissance" title="Italian Renaissance">Renaissance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Wars" title="Italian Wars">Italian Wars</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_early_modern_Italy" title="History of early modern Italy">Early Modern period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Napoleonic Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Lombardy%E2%80%93Venetia" title="Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia">Austrian occupation and Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Kingdom of the Two Sicilies">Kingdom of the Two Sicilies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Late modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Italy" title="Unification of Italy">Unification</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Italian_War_of_Independence" title="First Italian War of Independence">First War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Italian_War_of_Independence" title="Second Italian War of Independence">Second War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%C3%A7ard_exodus" title="Niçard exodus">Niçard exodus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedition_of_the_Thousand" title="Expedition of the Thousand">Expedition of the Thousand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy">Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Italian_War_of_Independence" title="Third Italian War of Independence">Third War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Rome" title="Capture of Rome">Capture of Rome</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_(1861%E2%80%931946)" title="History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)">Monarchy and the World Wars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Empire" title="Italian Empire">Colonial Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Italy_during_World_War_I" title="Military history of Italy during World War I">World War I</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_entry_into_World_War_I" title="Italian entry into World War I">Fourth War of Independence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascist_Italy" title="Fascist Italy">Fascist Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Italy_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of Italy during World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_the_Fascist_regime_in_Italy" title="Fall of the Fascist regime in Italy">Fall of the Fascist regime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_resistance_movement" title="Italian resistance movement">Resistance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Italian_Social_Republic" title="Italian Social Republic">Social Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Civil_War" title="Italian Civil War">Civil War</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Contemporary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Italian_Republic" title="History of the Italian Republic">Republic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1946_Italian_institutional_referendum" title="1946 Italian institutional referendum">Institutional referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istrian%E2%80%93Dalmatian_exodus" title="Istrian–Dalmatian exodus">Istrian–Dalmatian exodus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_economic_miracle" title="Italian economic miracle">Economic Boom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Years_of_Lead_(Italy)" title="Years of Lead (Italy)">Years of Lead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxi_Trial" title="Maxi Trial">Maxi Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mani_pulite" title="Mani pulite">Mani pulite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Italy" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Italy">Coronavirus pandemic</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Italy" title="Geography of Italy">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italy_(geographical_region)" title="Italy (geographical region)">Italian geographical region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Peninsula">Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Italy" title="Climate of Italy">Climate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Italy" title="Climate change in Italy">Climate change</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Italy" title="Geology of Italy">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Italy" title="Fauna of Italy">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Italy" title="Flora of Italy">Flora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Italy" title="List of mountains in Italy">Mountains</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_foothills" title="Alpine foothills">Prealps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alps" title="Alps">Alps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apennine_Mountains" title="Apennine Mountains">Apennines</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volcanism_of_Italy" title="Volcanism of Italy">Volcanism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_Italy" title="List of volcanoes in Italy">Volcanoes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_beaches_in_Italy" title="List of beaches in Italy">Beaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_canals_in_Italy" title="List of canals in Italy">Canals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_caves_in_Italy" title="List of caves in Italy">Caves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Italy" title="List of earthquakes in Italy">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Italy" title="List of islands of Italy">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Italy" title="List of lakes of Italy">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Marine_Protected_Areas_of_Italy" title="List of Marine Protected Areas of Italy">Marine protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Italy" title="List of national parks of Italy">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regional_parks_of_Italy" title="List of regional parks of Italy">Regional parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Italy" title="List of rivers of Italy">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_valleys_of_Italy" title="List of valleys of Italy">Valleys</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Italy" title="Politics of Italy">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Italy" title="Constitution of Italy">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Italy" title="Elections in Italy">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Italy" title="Foreign relations of Italy">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Italy" title="Government of Italy">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Italy" title="Human rights in Italy">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Italy">LGBT rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Italy" title="Judiciary of Italy">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Italy" title="Law of Italy">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Italy" title="Law enforcement in Italy">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Armed_Forces" title="Italian Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_nationality_law" title="Italian nationality law">Nationality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Parliament" title="Italian Parliament">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Italy" title="List of political parties in Italy">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Italy" title="President of Italy">President</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Italy" title="List of presidents of Italy">List</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Italy" title="Prime Minister of Italy">Prime Minister</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Italy" title="List of prime ministers of Italy">List</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_(Italy)" title="Council of Ministers (Italy)">Council of Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Italy" title="Provinces of Italy">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_cities_of_Italy" title="Metropolitan cities of Italy">Metropolitan cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Italy" title="List of cities in Italy">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comune" title="Comune">Comune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_of_Italy" title="List of municipalities of Italy">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_intelligence_agencies" title="Italian intelligence agencies">Security and intelligence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Italy" title="Economy of Italy">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Italy" title="Economy of Italy">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_regions_by_GDP" title="List of Italian regions by GDP">Italian regions by GDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Italy" title="Agriculture in Italy">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Italy" title="Automotive industry in Italy">Automotive industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Italy" title="Banking in Italy">Banking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_in_Italy" title="List of banks in Italy">Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Italy" title="Bank of Italy">Central Bank</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_brands" title="List of Italian brands">Brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Italy" title="List of companies of Italy">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Italy" title="Energy in Italy">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_exports_of_Italy" title="List of exports of Italy">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Italy" title="Science and technology in Italy">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_question" title="Southern question">Southern question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borsa_Italiana" title="Borsa Italiana">Stock exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Italy" title="Taxation in Italy">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Italy" title="Telecommunications in Italy">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Italy" title="Tourism in Italy">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_trade_unions_in_Italy" title="List of trade unions in Italy">Trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Italy" title="Transport in Italy">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_Italy" title="List of airports in Italy">air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Italy" title="Rail transport in Italy">rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Italy" title="Roads in Italy">road</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_welfare_state" title="Italian welfare state">Welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_wine" title="Italian wine">Wine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Italy" title="Category:Society of Italy">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nobility_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobility of Italy">Aristocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Italy" title="Censorship in Italy">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Italy" title="Corruption in Italy">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Italy" title="Crime in Italy">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Italy" title="Demographics of Italy">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Italy" title="Education in Italy">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_diaspora" title="Italian diaspora">Emigration and diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_Italy" title="Gambling in Italy">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Italy" title="Health in Italy">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Italy" title="Healthcare in Italy">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Italy" title="Immigration to Italy">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_inventions_and_discoveries" title="List of Italian inventions and discoveries">Inventions and discoveries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italians" title="Italians">Italians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Italy" title="List of people from Italy">People</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Italy" title="Languages of Italy">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Italian" title="Regional Italian">Regional</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_provinces_by_life_expectancy" title="List of Italian provinces by life expectancy">Life expectancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Italy" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of Italy">Orders, decorations, and medals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_Italy" title="Poverty in Italy">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Italy" title="Prostitution in Italy">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_public_administration" title="Italian public administration">Public administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_Italy" title="Racism in Italy">Racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Italy" title="Religion in Italy">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_class_in_Italy" title="Social class in Italy">Social class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_Italy" title="Terrorism in Italy">Terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Italy" title="Water supply and sanitation in Italy">Water supply and sanitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Italy" title="Women in Italy">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Italy" title="Culture of Italy">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duecento" title="Duecento">Duecento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trecento" title="Trecento">Trecento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quattrocento" title="Quattrocento">Quattrocento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinquecento" title="Cinquecento">Cinquecento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seicento" title="Seicento">Seicento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italian_culture_(1700s)" title="History of Italian culture (1700s)">Settecento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Neoclassical_and_19th-century_art" title="Italian Neoclassical and 19th-century art">Ottocento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Il_Canto_degli_Italiani" title="Il Canto degli Italiani">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Architecture of Italy">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_art" title="Italian art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_castles_in_Italy" title="List of castles in Italy">Castles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cathedrals_in_Italy" title="List of cathedrals in Italy">Cathedrals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Italy" title="Cinema of Italy">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Italy" title="Emblem of Italy">Coat of arm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_cuisine" title="Italian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_design" title="Italian design">Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_fashion" title="Italian fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Italy" title="Flag of Italy">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folklore_of_Italy" title="Folklore of Italy">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gardens_in_Italy" title="List of gardens in Italy">Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Italy" title="Internet in Italy">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italophilia" title="Italophilia">Italophilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries_in_Italy" title="List of libraries in Italy">Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_literature" title="Italian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Italy" title="Mass media in Italy">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Italy" title="List of museums in Italy">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Italy" title="Music of Italy">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mythology_of_Italy" title="Mythology of Italy">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Italy" title="National symbols of Italy">National symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_palaces_in_Italy" title="List of palaces in Italy">Palaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_philosophy" title="Italian philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Italy" title="Public holidays in Italy">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Italy" title="Sport in Italy">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Italy" title="Television in Italy">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Italy" title="Theatre of Italy">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditions_of_Italy" title="Traditions of Italy">Traditions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Italy" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Italy">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/16px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/24px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/32px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Italy" title="Portal:Italy">Italy portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Italy" title="Category:Italy">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1250#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1250#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1250#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/313188856">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39QbtfRyXKkCP9f7GchVP86fY">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4018496-1">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79109528">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119777525">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119777525">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Furlandsko-Julské Benátsko (Itálie : kraj)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge138007&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007261447805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/3fdd79f3-689d-46d0-941c-bd9e39476176">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/094165580">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&params=45_38_10_N_13_48_15_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">45°38′10″N</span> <span class="longitude">13°48′15″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">45.63611°N 13.80417°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">45.63611; 13.80417</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&oldid=1259552133">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&oldid=1259552133</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Category:Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Friuli-Venezia Giulia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:States_and_territories_established_in_1989" title="Category:States and territories established in 1989">States and territories established in 1989</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Regions_of_Italy" title="Category:Regions of Italy">Regions of Italy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Autonomous_regions_of_Italy" title="Category:Autonomous regions of Italy">Autonomous regions of Italy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:NUTS_2_statistical_regions_of_the_European_Union" title="Category:NUTS 2 statistical regions of the European Union">NUTS 2 statistical regions of the European Union</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hungarian_diaspora_in_Italy" title="Category:Hungarian diaspora in Italy">Hungarian diaspora in Italy</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Friulian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Friulian-language text">Articles containing Friulian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Slovene-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Slovene-language text">Articles containing Slovene-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Venetian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Venetian-language text">Articles containing Venetian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Austrian_German-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Austrian German-language text">Articles containing Austrian German-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Italian-language_sources_(it)" title="Category:CS1 Italian-language sources (it)">CS1 Italian-language sources (it)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_September_2022" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from September 2022">Articles with dead external links from September 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Italian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Italian-language text">Articles containing Italian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_April_2022" title="Category:Use dmy dates from April 2022">Use dmy dates from April 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_explicitly_cited_English-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing explicitly cited English-language text">Articles containing explicitly cited English-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_infobox_settlement_with_no_coordinates" title="Category:Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates">Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_Italian_IPA" title="Category:Pages with Italian IPA">Pages with Italian IPA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latin-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Latin-language text">Articles containing Latin-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_July_2021" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from July 2021">Articles needing additional references from July 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_October_2010" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from October 2010">Articles with unsourced statements from October 2010</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_October_2018" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from October 2018">Articles needing additional references from October 2018</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_a_promotional_tone_from_January_2020" title="Category:Articles with a promotional tone from January 2020">Articles with a promotional tone from January 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_a_promotional_tone" title="Category:All articles with a promotional tone">All articles with a promotional tone</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_August_2021" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from August 2021">Articles with unsourced statements from August 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 25 November 2024, at 20:01<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Friuli-Venezia_Giulia&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-lcrzl","wgBackendResponseTime":223,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.122","walltime":"1.424","ppvisitednodes":{"value":9131,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":223331,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":20289,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":29,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":17,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":160133,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1151.894 1 -total"," 29.37% 338.338 1 Template:Infobox_settlement"," 23.83% 274.448 1 Template:Infobox"," 17.70% 203.911 2 Template:Reflist"," 8.61% 99.137 27 Template:Cite_web"," 7.72% 88.977 2 Template:Native_name"," 7.01% 80.804 23 Template:Main_other"," 6.58% 75.823 1 Template:Short_description"," 6.36% 73.314 1 Template:Friuli-Venezia_Giulia"," 6.00% 69.103 1 Template:Navbox"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.600","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":20171269,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-2p7sq","timestamp":"20241130013847","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Friuli-Venezia Giulia","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1250","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1250","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-07-13T15:42:22Z","dateModified":"2024-11-25T20:01:06Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/64\/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_in_Italy.svg","headline":"autonomous region of Italy"}</script> </body> </html>