CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="bg" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Захар – Уикипедия</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )bgwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","януари","февруари","март","април","май","юни","юли","август","септември","октомври","ноември","декември"],"wgRequestId":"4090ee36-7a7e-4209-8ee1-0a9f2abaa2fa","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Захар","wgTitle":"Захар","wgCurRevisionId":12404845,"wgRevisionId":12404845,"wgArticleId":49137,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Страници, използващи вълшебни препратки ISBN","Захари"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"bg","wgPageContentLanguage":"bg","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Захар","wgRelevantArticleId":49137,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia", "wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"bg","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"bg"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":50000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q11002","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={ "ext.gadget.WatchlistTopSectionWidgetFix":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.QRpediaFix","ext.gadget.EditToolbar","ext.gadget.EditToolbar-menu-page_elements","ext.gadget.EditToolbar-menu-thematic_templates","ext.gadget.EditToolbar-menu-article_templates", "ext.gadget.EditToolbar-menu-talk_templates","ext.gadget.EditToolbar-menu-other_templates","ext.gadget.OpenStreetMap","ext.gadget.Switcher","ext.gadget.ParsePhabLinks","ext.gadget.Mwbot","ext.gadget.UploadRedirectToCommons","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=bg&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=bg&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=bg&modules=ext.gadget.WatchlistTopSectionWidgetFix&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=bg&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Raw_sugar_closeup.jpg/1200px-Raw_sugar_closeup.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="985"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Raw_sugar_closeup.jpg/800px-Raw_sugar_closeup.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="657"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Raw_sugar_closeup.jpg/640px-Raw_sugar_closeup.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="525"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Захар – Уикипедия"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//bg.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Редактиране" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Уикипедия (bg)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//bg.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.bg"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Емисия на Atom за Уикипедия" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Захар rootpage-Захар skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Направо към съдържанието</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Главно меню" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Главно меню</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Главно меню</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">скриване</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Навигация </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Началната страница [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Начална страница</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Зареждане на случайна страница [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Случайна статия</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Полезно" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Полезно" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Полезно </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Списък на последните промени в уикито [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Последни промени</span></a></li><li id="n-Общи-разговори" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8"><span>Общи разговори</span></a></li><li id="n-Обсъждани-статии" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8"><span>Обсъждани статии</span></a></li><li id="n-Администратори" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5"><span>Администратори</span></a></li><li id="n-Изтривания" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5"><span>Изтривания</span></a></li><li id="n-За-контакти" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%97%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8"><span>За контакти</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Включете_се!" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Включете_се" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Включете се! </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Защо?" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F"><span>Защо?</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BF%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Място, където може да се информирате"><span>Помощ</span></a></li><li id="n-Картинки" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:10_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B0,_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B1%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%D1%82_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F"><span>Картинки</span></a></li><li id="n-Поведение" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5"><span>Поведение</span></a></li><li id="n-Изпробване" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8A%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA"><span>Изпробване</span></a></li><li id="n-Нова-статия" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%BB%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA"><span>Нова статия</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Общувайте" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Общувайте" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Общувайте </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Блог-на-общността" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://blog.wikimedia.bg/" rel="nofollow"><span>Блог на общността</span></a></li><li id="n-Фейсбук-страница" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/WikipediaBG" rel="nofollow"><span>Фейсбук страница</span></a></li><li id="n-Фейсбук-група" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikipediaBG" rel="nofollow"><span>Фейсбук група</span></a></li><li id="n-🎮-Дискорд" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4"><span>🎮 Дискорд</span></a></li><li id="n-Телеграм" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC"><span>Телеграм</span></a></li><li id="n-IRC" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:IRC"><span>IRC</span></a></li><li id="n-GitHub" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://github.com/wikimedia-bg" rel="nofollow"><span>GitHub</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Уикипедия" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-bg.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.3125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Свободната енциклопедия" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-bg.svg" width="120" height="12" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A2%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Претърсване на Уикипедия [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Търсене</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Търсене в Уикипедия" aria-label="Търсене в Уикипедия" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Претърсване на Уикипедия [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Специални:Търсене"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Търсене</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Лични инструменти"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Облик"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Облик" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Облик</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&uselang=bg" class=""><span>Направете дарение</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително." class=""><span>Създаване на сметка</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Влизане</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Допълнителни опции" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Лични инструменти" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Лични инструменти</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Потребителско меню" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&uselang=bg"><span>Направете дарение</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Създаване на сметка</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Влизане</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Страници за излезли от системата редактори <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%89:%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" aria-label="Научете повече за редактирането"><span>научете повече</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Списък на промените, направени от този IP адрес [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Приноси</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Дискусия относно редакциите от този адрес [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Беседа</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Съдържание" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Съдържание</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">скриване</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Начало</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Наименование" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Наименование"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Наименование</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Наименование-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-История" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#История"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>История</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-История-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Превключване на подраздел История</span> </button> <ul id="toc-История-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Древност_и_Средновековие" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Древност_и_Средновековие"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Древност и Средновековие</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Древност_и_Средновековие-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ново_време" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ново_време"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Ново време</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ново_време-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Химични_свойства" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Химични_свойства"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Химични свойства</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Химични_свойства-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Естествени_източници" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Естествени_източници"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Естествени източници</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Естествени_източници-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Рафиниране_и_кристализация_на_захар" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Рафиниране_и_кристализация_на_захар"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Рафиниране и кристализация на захар</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Рафиниране_и_кристализация_на_захар-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Пудра_захар" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Пудра_захар"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Пудра захар</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Пудра_захар-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Въздействие_върху_човешкия_организъм" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Въздействие_върху_човешкия_организъм"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Въздействие върху човешкия организъм</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Въздействие_върху_човешкия_организъм-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Бележки" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Бележки"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Бележки</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Бележки-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Вижте_също" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Вижте_също"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Вижте също</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Вижте_също-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Външни_препратки" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Външни_препратки"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Външни препратки</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Външни_препратки-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Съдържание" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Скриване/показване на съдържанието" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Скриване/показване на съдържанието</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Захар</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Към статията на друг език. Налична на 173 езика" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-173" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">173 езика</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suikers" title="Suikers – африканс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Suikers" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африканс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zucker" title="Zucker – швейцарски немски" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Zucker" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарски немски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%B3%E1%88%AD" title="ስኳር – амхарски" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ስኳር" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zucre" title="Zucre – арагонски" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Zucre" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swe%C4%A1e" title="Sweġe – староанглийски" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Sweġe" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="староанглийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1" title="سكر – арабски" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سكر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%AB%DC%9F%DC%AA" title="ܫܟܪ – арамейски" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܫܟܪ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="арамейски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1" title="سكر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سكر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF" title="চেনি – асамски" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="চেনি" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="асамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azucre" title="Azucre – астурски" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Azucre" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9E%C9%99k%C9%99r" title="Şəkər – азербайджански" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şəkər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DA%A9%D8%B1" title="شکر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شکر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D3%99%D0%BA%D3%99%D1%80" title="Шәкәр – башкирски" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Шәкәр" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкирски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gula" title="Gula – балийски" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Gula" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="балийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zugga" title="Zugga – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Zugga" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sokros" title="Sokros – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Sokros" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asukar" title="Asukar – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Asukar" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Цукар – беларуски" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Цукар" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларуски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Цукар – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Цукар" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gula" title="Gula – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Gula" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="चीनी – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="चीनी" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gula" title="Gula – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Gula" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF" title="চিনি – бенгалски" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চিনি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukr" title="Sukr – бретонски" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Sukr" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0e%C4%87er" title="Šećer – босненски" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Šećer" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босненски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucre" title="Sucre – каталонски" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sucre" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B2ng" title="Tòng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Tòng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Шекар – чеченски" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Шекар" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="чеченски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asukal" title="Asukal – себуански" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Asukal" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="себуански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A9%27keemahpe" title="Vé'keemahpe – шайенски" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Vé'keemahpe" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="шайенски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%B1" title="شەکر – кюрдски (централен)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شەکر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="кюрдски (централен)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cukr" title="Cukr – чешки" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Cukr" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%85%C4%83%D1%80" title="Сахăр – чувашки" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сахăр" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siwgr" title="Siwgr – уелски" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Siwgr" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="уелски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukker" title="Sukker – датски" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sukker" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zucker" title="Zucker – немски" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Zucker" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%96%CE%AC%CF%87%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B7" title="Ζάχαρη – гръцки" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ζάχαρη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="гръцки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="Добра статия"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar – английски" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sugar" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="английски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukero" title="Sukero – есперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sukero" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="есперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Az%C3%BAcar" title="Azúcar – испански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Azúcar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suhkrud" title="Suhkrud – естонски" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Suhkrud" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="естонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azukre" title="Azukre – баски" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Azukre" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A7uca" title="Açuca – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Açuca" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DA%A9%D8%B1" title="شکر – персийски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شکر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sokerit" title="Sokerit – фински" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sokerit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dovu" title="Dovu – фиджийски" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Dovu" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="фиджийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukur" title="Sukur – фарьорски" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Sukur" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="фарьорски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fon mw-list-item"><a href="https://fon.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukl%C3%A8" title="Suklè – фон" lang="fon" hreflang="fon" data-title="Suklè" data-language-autonym="Fɔ̀ngbè" data-language-local-name="фон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fɔ̀ngbè</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucre" title="Sucre – френски" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sucre" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="френски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BBker" title="Sûker – западнофризийски" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sûker" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="западнофризийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C3%BAcra" title="Siúcra – ирландски" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Siúcra" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Souk" title="Souk – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Souk" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C3%B9car" title="Siùcar – шотландски келтски" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Siùcar" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="шотландски келтски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azucre" title="Azucre – галисийски" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Azucre" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eirat%C3%A3" title="Eiratã – гуарани" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Eiratã" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуарани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suukala" title="Suukala – Wayuu" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Suukala" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="Wayuu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukari" title="Sukari – хауса" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Sukari" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="хауса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%B2ng" title="Thòng – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Thòng" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A8" title="סוכר – иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סוכר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="शर्करा – хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="शर्करा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chini" title="Chini – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Chini" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0e%C4%87eri" title="Šećeri – хърватски" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Šećeri" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хърватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sik_(materyo)" title="Sik (materyo) – хаитянски креолски" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Sik (materyo)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="хаитянски креолски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cukor" title="Cukor – унгарски" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Cukor" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="унгарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%87%D5%A1%D6%84%D5%A1%D6%80" title="Շաքար – арменски" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Շաքար" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="арменски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%87%D5%A1%D6%84%D5%A1%D6%80" title="Շաքար – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Շաքար" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucro" title="Sucro – интерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Sucro" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gula" title="Gula – индонезийски" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gula" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%83n%C3%BA_od%E1%BA%B9ne" title="Ńnú odẹne – игбо" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ńnú odẹne" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="игбо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avu" title="Avu – инупиак" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Avu" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="инупиак" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asukar" title="Asukar – илоко" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Asukar" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="илоко" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Шекар – ингушетски" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Шекар" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ингушетски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukro" title="Sukro – идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Sukro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sykur" title="Sykur – исландски" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sykur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%93%B1%E1%91%B2%E1%92%83" title="ᓱᑲᒃ – инуктитут" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᓱᑲᒃ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="инуктитут" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B3%96" title="糖 – японски" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="糖" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/sakta" title="sakta – ложбан" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="sakta" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="ложбан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gula" title="Gula – явански" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Gula" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="явански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="შაქარი – грузински" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="შაქარი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gula" title="Gula – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Gula" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Қант – казахски" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қант" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%86" title="ಸಕ್ಕರೆ – каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಕ್ಕರೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%A4%ED%83%95" title="설탕 – корейски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="설탕" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%86%D9%9B%DA%88" title="کھنٛڈ – кашмирски" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="کھنٛڈ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="кашмирски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eekir" title="Şekir – кюрдски" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Şekir" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="кюрдски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugra" title="Sugra – корнуолски" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Sugra" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="корнуолски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saccharum_(alimentum)" title="Saccharum (alimentum) – латински" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Saccharum (alimentum)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asukar" title="Asukar – ладино" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Asukar" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ладино" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zucar" title="Zucar – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Zucar" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B3kker" title="Sókker – лимбургски" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Sókker" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лимбургски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuqer" title="Zuqer – ломбардски" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Zuqer" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="ломбардски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suk%C3%A1li" title="Sukáli – лингала" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Sukáli" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="лингала" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cukrus" title="Cukrus – литовски" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Cukrus" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cukurs" title="Cukurs – латвийски" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Cukurs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латвийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="चिनी – майтхили" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="चिनी" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="майтхили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gula" title="Gula – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Gula" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Захар – мокша" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Захар" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="мокша" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siramamy" title="Siramamy – малгашки" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Siramamy" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малгашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulo" title="Gulo – минангкабау" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Gulo" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="минангкабау" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D1%9C%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Шеќер – македонски" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Шеќер" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%9E%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0" title="പഞ്ചസാര – малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പഞ്ചസാര" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Чихэр – монголски" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Чихэр" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монголски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%B0" title="साखर – марати" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="साखर" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="марати" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gula" title="Gula – малайски" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Gula" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%80%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="သကြား – бирмански" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သကြား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирмански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BE" title="Ламбо – ерзиа" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Ламбо" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="ерзиа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caxtillan_chiyancaca" title="Caxtillan chiyancaca – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Caxtillan chiyancaca" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zucker" title="Zucker – долнонемски" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Zucker" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="долнонемски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="चिनी – непалски" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="चिनी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="चिनी – неварски" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="चिनी" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="неварски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tafelsuiker" title="Tafelsuiker – нидерландски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tafelsuiker" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukker" title="Sukker – норвежки (нюношк)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sukker" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="норвежки (нюношк)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukker" title="Sukker – норвежки (букмол)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sukker" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежки (букмол)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chucre" title="Chucre – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Chucre" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81sh%C4%AF%C4%AFh_%C5%82ikan" title="Áshįįh łikan – навахо" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Áshįįh łikan" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="навахо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucre" title="Sucre – окситански" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sucre" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%9A%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%BF" title="ଚିନି – ория" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଚିନି" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="ория" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%C3%A6%D0%BA%C3%A6%D1%80" title="Сæкæр – осетински" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Сæкæр" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="осетински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A1" title="ਖੰਡ – пенджабски" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਖੰਡ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="пенджабски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cukier_spo%C5%BCywczy" title="Cukier spożywczy – полски" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cukier spożywczy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="полски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DA%A9%D8%B1" title="شکر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="شکر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87" title="بوره – пущу" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="بوره" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пущу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A7%C3%BAcar" title="Açúcar – португалски" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Açúcar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asukar" title="Asukar – кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Asukar" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zah%C4%83r" title="Zahăr – румънски" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Zahăr" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румънски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zahari" title="Zahari – арумънски" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Zahari" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="арумънски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Сахар – руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сахар" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isukari" title="Isukari – киняруанда" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Isukari" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="киняруанда" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="शर्करा – санскрит" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="शर्करा" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="санскрит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Саахар – саха" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Саахар" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="саха" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AA%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱪᱤᱱᱤ – сантали" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱪᱤᱱᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="сантали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%B9ccaru" title="Zùccaru – сицилиански" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Zùccaru" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицилиански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Succar" title="Succar – шотландски" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Succar" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шотландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%DA%8A" title="کنڊ – синдхи" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="کنڊ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0e%C4%87er" title="Šećer – сърбохърватски" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Šećer" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сърбохърватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92" title="සීනි – синхалски" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සීනි" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="синхалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sugar" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cukor_(sladidlo)" title="Cukor (sladidlo) – словашки" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Cukor (sladidlo)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sladkor" title="Sladkor – словенски" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sladkor" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuga" title="Shuga – шона" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Shuga" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="шона" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonkor" title="Sonkor – сомалийски" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Sonkor" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="сомалийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheqeri" title="Sheqeri – албански" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sheqeri" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D1%9B%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Шећер – сръбски" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Шећер" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сръбски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gula" title="Gula – сундански" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Gula" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сундански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socker" title="Socker – шведски" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Socker" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukari" title="Sukari – суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sukari" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF" title="சீனி – тамилски" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சீனி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0" title="పంచదార – телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పంచదార" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Қанд – таджикски" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Қанд" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджикски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5" title="น้ำตาล – тайски" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="น้ำตาล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asukal" title="Asukal – тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Asukal" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%C9%99nd" title="Qənd – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Qənd" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eeker" title="Şeker – турски" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Şeker" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BA%D3%99%D1%80" title="Шикәр – татарски" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Шикәр" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%90%D9%83%DB%95%D8%B1" title="شېكەر – уйгурски" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="شېكەر" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="уйгурски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Цукор – украински" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Цукор" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DA%A9%D9%91%D8%B1" title="شکّر – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شکّر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qand" title="Qand – узбекски" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qand" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B9caro" title="Sùcaro – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Sùcaro" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahar_(produkt)" title="Sahar (produkt) – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Sahar (produkt)" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng_(th%E1%BB%B1c_ph%E1%BA%A9m)" title="Đường (thực phẩm) – виетнамски" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đường (thực phẩm)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="виетнамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suyker" title="Suyker – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Suyker" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Souke" title="Souke – валонски" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Souke" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="валонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asukar" title="Asukar – варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Asukar" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukar" title="Sukar – волоф" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Sukar" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="волоф" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%B3%96" title="食糖 – ву китайски" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="食糖" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву китайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AD%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ჭაფურია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჭაფურია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A2%D7%A8" title="צוקער – идиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="צוקער" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="идиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dangz" title="Dangz – зуанг" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Dangz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="зуанг" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B3%96" title="糖 – китайски" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="糖" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thn%CC%82g" title="Thn̂g – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Thn̂g" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B3%96" title="糖 – кантонски" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="糖" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ushukela" title="Ushukela – зулуски" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Ushukela" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="зулуски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11002#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Редактиране на междуезиковите препратки" class="wbc-editpage">Редактиране</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Именни пространства"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Преглед на основната страница [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Статия</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0:%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" rel="discussion" title="Беседа за страницата [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Беседа</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Промяна на езиковия вариант" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">български</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Прегледи"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80"><span>Преглед</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&veaction=edit" title="Редактиране на страницата [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Редактиране</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit" title="Редактиране на изходния код на страницата [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Редактиране на кода</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&action=history" title="Предишни версии на страницата [h]" accesskey="h"><span>История</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Инструменти" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Инструменти</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Инструменти</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">скриване</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Допълнителни опции" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Действия </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80"><span>Преглед</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&veaction=edit" title="Редактиране на страницата [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Редактиране</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit" title="Редактиране на изходния код на страницата [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Редактиране на кода</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&action=history"><span>История</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Основни </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Списък на всички страници, сочещи насам [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Какво сочи насам</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" rel="nofollow" title="Последните промени на страници, сочени от тази страница [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Свързани промени</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/MediaWiki:Uploadtext" title="Качи файлове [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Качване на файл</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Списък на всички специални страници [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Специални страници</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&oldid=12404845" title="Постоянна препратка към тази версия на страницата"><span>Постоянна препратка</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&action=info" title="Повече за тази страница"><span>Информация за страницата</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&page=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&id=12404845&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Информация за начините за цитиране на тази страница"><span>Цитиране на статията</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbg.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%2597%25D0%25B0%25D1%2585%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580"><span>Кратък URL адрес</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbg.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%2597%25D0%25B0%25D1%2585%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580"><span>Изтегляне на QR код</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Отпечатване/изнасяне </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80"><span>Създаване на книга</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&action=show-download-screen"><span>Изтегляне като PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&printable=yes" title="Версия за печат на страницата [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Версия за печат</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> В други проекти </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Sugar" hreflang="en"><span>Общомедия</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11002" title="Препратка към свързания обект от хранилището за данни [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Обект в Уикиданни</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Облик"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Облик</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">скриване</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">от Уикипедия, свободната енциклопедия</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="bg" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Raw_sugar_closeup.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Raw_sugar_closeup.jpg/240px-Raw_sugar_closeup.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Raw_sugar_closeup.jpg/360px-Raw_sugar_closeup.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Raw_sugar_closeup.jpg/480px-Raw_sugar_closeup.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1696" data-file-height="1392" /></a><figcaption>Нерафинирана захар (захароза)</figcaption></figure> <table style="background:white; text-align:center; border:1px solid #ccd2d9; border-spacing: 0px; float: right; clear: right;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#e0e0e0; border: 1px solid #aaaaaa; border-spacing: 0px; font-size: 14px; padding-top:5px">Бяла захар<br /><small>Sugars, granulated</small><br /><span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 10px;">(Хранителна стойност за 100 g продукт)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r12144718">.mw-parser-output .infobox-lua{width:22em}.mw-parser-output .infobox-title,.mw-parser-output .infobox-above,.mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,.mw-parser-output .infobox-image,.mw-parser-output .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .infobox-data-only,.mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .infobox-above{font-size:125%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .infobox-data{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox-navbar{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .infobox-italic-title{display:none}.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;margin:-5px 0;border:0;border-spacing:0 5px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox th.onlysubbox,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox td.onlysubbox{padding:0!important}</style><table class="infobox infobox-lua" style="background:white; margin-left:0em; border-spacing: 0px; border:0px"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-header" style="border:0px; border-bottom: 1px solid grey"><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="background-color: transparent; border:0px;"> <div style="background-color: transparent; border:0; text-align:left; font-size:12px">  Основни</div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size:12px; margin-left:-1em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r12144718"><table class="infobox infobox-lua" style="border: 0px; background:white"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Енергийна стойност">Енергия</a></b></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;"><b>1618 kJ (390 kcal)</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Въглехидрат">Въглехидрати</a></b></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">99.98 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">      <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Захари</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">99.8 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">      <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Сукроза">Сукроза</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">99.8 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">      <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Глюкоза">Глюкоза</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">      <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Фруктоза">Фруктоза</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">      <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Лактоза">Лактоза</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">      <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Малтоза">Малтоза</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">      <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Галактоза">Галактоза</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">   <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Хранителни влакна">Влакна</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мазнина">Мазнини</a></b></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">   <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Наситена мазнина">Наситени</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мононенаситена мазнина (страницата не съществува)">Мононенаситени</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Полиненаситена мазнина (страницата не съществува)">Полиненаситени</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">   <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Холестерол">Холестерол</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Белтък">Белтъчини</a></b></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Пепел">Пепел</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0.01 g</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-header" style="border:0px; border-bottom: 1px solid grey"><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="background-color: transparent; border:0px;"> <div style="background-color: transparent; border:0; text-align:left; font-size:12px">  <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Витамини">Витамини</a></div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size:12px; margin-left:-1em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r12144718"><table class="infobox infobox-lua" style="border: 0px; background:white"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_A" class="mw-redirect" title="Витамин A">Витамин A</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 μg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алфа каротин (страницата не съществува)">α-каротин</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 μg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">   <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Бета каротин">β-каротин</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 μg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_B1" title="Витамин B1">Тиамин</a> (B<sub>1</sub>)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Рибофлавин">Рибофлавин</a> (B<sub>2</sub>)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0.019 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Ниацин">Ниацин</a> (B<sub>3</sub>)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Пантотенова киселина">Пантотенова к-на</a> (B<sub>5</sub>)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Пиридоксин">Пиридоксин</a> (B<sub>6</sub>)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Фолиева киселина">Фолиева к-на</a> (B<sub>9</sub>)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 μg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Кобаламин">Кобаламин</a> (B<sub>12</sub>)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 μg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_C" title="Витамин C">Витамин C</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_D" title="Витамин D">Витамин D</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 μg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%95" title="Витамин Е">Витамин Е</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_K" title="Витамин K">Витамин K</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 μg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Ликопен">Ликопен</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 μg</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-header" style="border:0px; border-bottom: 1px solid grey"><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="background-color: transparent; border:0px;"> <div style="background-color: transparent; border:0; text-align:left; font-size:12px">  <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Минерали">Минерали</a></div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size:12px; margin-left:-1em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r12144718"><table class="infobox infobox-lua" style="border: 0px; background:white"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Калций">Калций</a>, Ca</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">1 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%BE" title="Желязо">Желязо</a>, Fe</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0.05 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Магнезий">Магнезий</a>, Mg</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор">Фосфор</a>, P</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Калий">Калий</a>, K</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">2 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Натрий">Натрий</a>, Na</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">1 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA" title="Цинк">Цинк</a>, Zn</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0.01 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Мед">Мед</a>, Cu</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0.007 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Манган">Манган</a>, Mn</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0.004 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Селен">Селен</a>, Se</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0.6 μg</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-header" style="border:0px; border-bottom: 1px solid grey"><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="background-color: transparent; border:0px;"> <div style="background-color: transparent; border:0; text-align:left; font-size:12px">  <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Аминокиселини">Аминокиселини</a></div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size:12px; margin-left:-1em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r12144718"><table class="infobox infobox-lua" style="border: 0px; background:white"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Холин">Холин</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 g</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-header" style="border:0px; border-bottom: 1px solid grey"><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="background-color: transparent; border:0px;"> <div style="background-color: transparent; border:0; text-align:left; font-size:12px">  Други</div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size:12px; margin-left:-1em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r12144718"></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="padding-top:6px"><b class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sugars?uselang=bg">Захар</a></b> в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Общомедия">Общомедия</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="background:white; text-align:center; border:1px solid #ccd2d9; border-spacing: 0px; float: right; clear: right;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#e0e0e0; border: 1px solid #aaaaaa; border-spacing: 0px; font-size: 14px; padding-top:5px">Кафява захар<br /><small>Sugars, brown</small><br /><span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 10px;">(Хранителна стойност за 100 g продукт)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r12144718"><table class="infobox infobox-lua" style="background:white; margin-left:0em; border-spacing: 0px; border:0px"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-header" style="border:0px; border-bottom: 1px solid grey"><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="background-color: transparent; border:0px;"> <div style="background-color: transparent; border:0; text-align:left; font-size:12px">  Основни</div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size:12px; margin-left:-1em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r12144718"><table class="infobox infobox-lua" style="border: 0px; background:white"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Енергийна стойност">Енергия</a></b></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;"><b>1590 kJ (380 kcal)</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Въглехидрат">Въглехидрати</a></b></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">98.09 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">      <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Захари</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">97.02 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">      <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Сукроза">Сукроза</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">94.56 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">      <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Глюкоза">Глюкоза</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">1.35 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">      <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Фруктоза">Фруктоза</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">1.11 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">      <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Лактоза">Лактоза</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">      <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Малтоза">Малтоза</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">      <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Галактоза">Галактоза</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">   <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Хранителни влакна">Влакна</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мазнина">Мазнини</a></b></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">   <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Наситена мазнина">Наситени</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мононенаситена мазнина (страницата не съществува)">Мононенаситени</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Полиненаситена мазнина (страницата не съществува)">Полиненаситени</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">   <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Холестерол">Холестерол</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Белтък">Белтъчини</a></b></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0.12 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Пепел">Пепел</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0.45 g</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-header" style="border:0px; border-bottom: 1px solid grey"><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="background-color: transparent; border:0px;"> <div style="background-color: transparent; border:0; text-align:left; font-size:12px">  <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Витамини">Витамини</a></div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size:12px; margin-left:-1em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r12144718"><table class="infobox infobox-lua" style="border: 0px; background:white"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_A" class="mw-redirect" title="Витамин A">Витамин A</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 μg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алфа каротин (страницата не съществува)">α-каротин</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 μg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left">   <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Бета каротин">β-каротин</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 μg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_B1" title="Витамин B1">Тиамин</a> (B<sub>1</sub>)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Рибофлавин">Рибофлавин</a> (B<sub>2</sub>)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Ниацин">Ниацин</a> (B<sub>3</sub>)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0.11 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Пантотенова киселина">Пантотенова к-на</a> (B<sub>5</sub>)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0.132 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Пиридоксин">Пиридоксин</a> (B<sub>6</sub>)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0.041 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Фолиева киселина">Фолиева к-на</a> (B<sub>9</sub>)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">1 μg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Кобаламин">Кобаламин</a> (B<sub>12</sub>)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 μg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_C" title="Витамин C">Витамин C</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_D" title="Витамин D">Витамин D</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 μg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%95" title="Витамин Е">Витамин Е</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_K" title="Витамин K">Витамин K</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 μg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Ликопен">Ликопен</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0 μg</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-header" style="border:0px; border-bottom: 1px solid grey"><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="background-color: transparent; border:0px;"> <div style="background-color: transparent; border:0; text-align:left; font-size:12px">  <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Минерали">Минерали</a></div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size:12px; margin-left:-1em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r12144718"><table class="infobox infobox-lua" style="border: 0px; background:white"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Калций">Калций</a>, Ca</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">83 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%BE" title="Желязо">Желязо</a>, Fe</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0.71 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Магнезий">Магнезий</a>, Mg</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">9 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор">Фосфор</a>, P</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">4 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Калий">Калий</a>, K</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">133 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Натрий">Натрий</a>, Na</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">28 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA" title="Цинк">Цинк</a>, Zn</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0.03 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Мед">Мед</a>, Cu</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0.047 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Манган">Манган</a>, Mn</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0.064 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Селен">Селен</a>, Se</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">1.2 μg</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-header" style="border:0px; border-bottom: 1px solid grey"><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="background-color: transparent; border:0px;"> <div style="background-color: transparent; border:0; text-align:left; font-size:12px">  <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Аминокиселини">Аминокиселини</a></div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size:12px; margin-left:-1em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r12144718"><table class="infobox infobox-lua" style="border: 0px; background:white"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Холин">Холин</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right; position:static;">0.0023 g</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-header" style="border:0px; border-bottom: 1px solid grey"><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="background-color: transparent; border:0px;"> <div style="background-color: transparent; border:0; text-align:left; font-size:12px">  Други</div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size:12px; margin-left:-1em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r12144718"></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="padding-top:6px"><b class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sugars?uselang=bg">Захар</a></b> в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Общомедия">Общомедия</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Захарите</b> са група <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Вещество">вещества</a> със сладък <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вкус">вкус</a> и сходна химична структура, повечето от които се използват за <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Храна">храна</a>. Те са <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Въглехидрат">въглехидрати</a> и включват в състава си въглерод, водород и кислород. </p><p>Съществуват различни видове захари, получени от различни източници. Простите захари се наричат <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Монозахарид">монозахариди</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Глюкоза">глюкоза</a> (наричана също декстроза), <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Фруктоза">фруктоза</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Галактоза">галактоза</a>. Гранулираната захар, която най-често се използва в чист вид за храна, е <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Дизахарид">дизахаридът</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Захароза">захароза</a> (сукроза), който в тялото се разлага на глюкоза и фруктоза. Други често срещани дизахариди са <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Малтоза">малтозата</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Лактоза">лактозата</a>. Някои вещества с различен химичен строеж също имат сладък вкус, но не се определят като захари. Част от тях се използват като нискокалорични заместители на захарите и се наричат <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Изкуствени подсладители">изкуствени подсладители</a>. </p><p>Природните захари съдържат шест или дванадесет въглеродни атома. Те са кристални, лесно разтворими във <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Вода">вода</a> и имат сладък вкус. Когато съдържат пет <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Въглерод">въглеродни</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Атом">атома</a>, захарите се наричат <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Пентоза">пентози</a>, а когато съдържат шест въглеродни атома <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Хексоза">хексози</a>. В зависимост от взаимното разположение на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Карбонилна група">карбонилната</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Хидроксилна група">хидроксилните</a> групи биват <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Алдопентоза">алдопентози</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Алдохексоза">алдохексози</a>) и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Кетопентоза">кетопентози</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Кетохексоза">кетохексози</a>). Съществуват още триози (с три въглеродни атома – глицералдехид и дихидроксиацетон), тетрози (с четири въглеродни атома – еритроза, еритрулоза), хептози (със седем въглеродни атома – седохептоза и седухептулоза). В скобите са посочени алдозите и кетозите на съответните примери. </p><p>Захарите присъстват в тъканите на повечето растения, но концентрацията им е достатъчна за ефективно извличане в <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Захарна тръстика">захарната тръстика</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%86%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Захарно цвекло">захарното цвекло</a>. Захарната тръстика се отглежда в тропическите области на Далечния изток от Древността, но масовото ѝ производство започва през XVIII век в Америка. По това време захарта в чист вид за пръв път става достъпна за по-широки кръгове от населението, които дотогава използват като подсладител главно <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Пчелен мед">пчелен мед</a>. Захарното цвекло, което може да се отглежда и при по-хладен климат, започва да се използва през XIX век, когато е развита технологията за неговата обработка. Общото световно производство на захар през 2011 година е около 168 милиона тона. </p><p>С нарастване консумацията на захар през втората половина на XX век изследователите започват да проучват дали диета с високо съдържание на захар, особено на рафинирана захар, е вредна за човешкото <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5" title="Здраве">здраве</a>. Прекомерната консумация на захар се свързва с появата на <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Затлъстяване">затлъстяване</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Захарен диабет">диабет</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Сърдечно-съдови заболявания">сърдечно-съдови заболявания</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Кариес">кариес</a>. Многобройни проучвания се опитват да изяснят тези последици, но с различни резултати, главно поради трудността да се намерят популации, които консумират малко или никаква захар, за да се използват като контролни. През 2015 г. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Световната здравна организация">Световната здравна организация</a> препоръча възрастните и децата да намалят приема на свободни захари до по-малко от 10% от общия им енергиен прием, и насърчава намаляването му до под 5%."<sup id="cite_ref-WHO_2015p4_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHO_2015p4-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Наименование"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.B0.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.B5"></span>Наименование</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Редактиране на раздел: Наименование" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Наименование"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Българската дума <i>захар</i> идва от <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Гръцки език">гръцката</a> <i>σάκχαρις</i>, но нейният оригинален произход изглежда е индийски, като и този на самата захар. Санскритската дума <i>саркара</i> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Санскрит">санскрит</a>: <span lang="sa" dir="ltr" style="font-style:normal">शर्कर</span>) е първоизточникът на наименованието на захарта и на много други езици: <i>сукар</i> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Арабски език">арабски</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl" style="font-style:normal">سكر</span>), <i>сакарум</i> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Латински език">латински</a>: <span lang="la" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">saccharum</span>), <i>цукеро</i> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Италиански език">италиански</a>: <span lang="it" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">zucchero</span>), <i>шекер</i> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Турски език">турски</a>: <span lang="tr" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">şeker</span><i>)</i>, <i>цукер</i> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Немски език">немски</a>: <span lang="de" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">Zucker</span><i>)</i>, <i>шугар</i> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Английски език">английски</a>: <span lang="en" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">sugar</span><i>)</i>, <i>сюкр</i> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Френски език">френски</a>: <span lang="fr" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">sucre</span>), <i>асукар</i> (на португалски: <i>açúcar</i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="История"><span id=".D0.98.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>История</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Редактиране на раздел: История" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: История"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Древност_и_Средновековие"><span id=".D0.94.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.B2.D0.BD.D0.BE.D1.81.D1.82_.D0.B8_.D0.A1.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.BD.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B5.D0.BA.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B8.D0.B5"></span>Древност и Средновековие</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Редактиране на раздел: Древност и Средновековие" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Древност и Средновековие"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Предполага се, че най-ранният източник на концентрирани захари е <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Пчелен мед">пчелният мед</a>, който до Новото време остава и основен в по-голямата част от света. Първата суровина за производство на относително чиста захар е <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Захарна тръстика">захарната тръстика</a>, житно растение, произхождащо от <a href="/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Южна Азия">Южна</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Югоизточна Азия">Югоизточна Азия</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Kiple2012_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiple2012-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sharpe1998_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sharpe1998-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> но първоначално и тя се използва чрез дъвкане на необработените стъбла. Един от първите исторически източници за захарната тръстика е <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Китай">китайски</a> ръкопис от VIII век пр.н.е., който отбелязва, че използването на растението води началото си от Индия.<sup id="cite_ref-Rolph1917_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rolph1917-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Захарната тръстика става известна в <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Средиземноморие">Средиземноморието</a> не по-късно от походите на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Александър Велики">Александър Велики</a>, но задълго остава рядка и екзотична стока.<sup id="cite_ref-Rolph1917_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rolph1917-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Захар от захарна тръстика се произвежда на <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Индийски субконтинент">Индийския субконтинент</a> от <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Древност">Древността</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Moxham2001_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moxham2001-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> но нейното значение остава ограничено до създаването на технология за преобразуване на тръстиковия сироп в гранулирани кристали, които са по-лесни за съхранение и транспорт.<sup id="cite_ref-Adas2001311_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adas2001311-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Кристална захар започва да се произвежда през V век по време на империята <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Гупта">Гупта</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Adas2001311_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adas2001311-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Индийските морски търговци разпространяват захарта в страните от региона, с които търгуват,<sup id="cite_ref-Adas2001311_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adas2001311-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> а будистките монаси пренасят технологията за производство на кристална захар в Китай.<sup id="cite_ref-Kieschnick2003_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kieschnick2003-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> През VII век, по искане на император <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тан Тайдзун (страницата не съществува)">Тан Тайдзун</a>, пратеници на индийския владетел <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Харша (страницата не съществува)">Харша</a> въвеждат отглеждането на захарна тръстика в Китай, след което там са създадени първите тръстикови плантации.<sup id="cite_ref-Sen200338&#32;–&#32;40_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sen200338&#32;–&#32;40-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> В китайски източници също се говори за поне две мисии до Индия през 647 година, които трябва да пренесат технологии за рафиниране на захар.<sup id="cite_ref-Kieschnick2003258_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kieschnick2003258-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Sugar-Crystals-magnified.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Sugar-Crystals-magnified.jpg/220px-Sugar-Crystals-magnified.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Sugar-Crystals-magnified.jpg/330px-Sugar-Crystals-magnified.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Sugar-Crystals-magnified.jpg/440px-Sugar-Crystals-magnified.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="870" /></a><figcaption>Кристали от рафинирана захар</figcaption></figure> <p>През следващите столетия технологиите за отглеждане на захарна тръстика и рафиниране на захар се пренасят и към <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BA_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Близък изток">Близкия изток</a>. През XI век западноевропейските <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Кръстоносен поход">кръстоносци</a> виждат там цели кервани, пренасящи „сладка сол“, а в края на следващото столетие кръстоносецът <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Гийом от Тир">Гийом от Тир</a> вече описва захарта като „много необходима за нуждите и здравето на хората“.<sup id="cite_ref-Barber200414_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barber200414-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> В началото на XII век <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Венецианска република">венецианците</a> организират край левантинския град <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%80_(%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4)" class="mw-redirect" title="Тир (град)">Тир</a> производство на захар, предназначена за внос в Западна Европа.<sup id="cite_ref-Ponting2000481_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ponting2000481-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>През XV век Венеция все още е основният център на рафинирането и търговията със захар в Западна Европа.<sup id="cite_ref-Rolph1917_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rolph1917-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> По това време започва производството на захар в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Мадейра">Мадейра</a> и на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Канарски острови">Канарските острови</a>, които до XVII век са основен вносител в Европа. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ново_време"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.BE_.D0.B2.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BC.D0.B5"></span>Ново време</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Редактиране на раздел: Ново време" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Ново време"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Захарната тръстика е пренесена от Канарските острови в <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Америка">Америка</a> още с първата експедиция на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B1" title="Христофор Колумб">Христофор Колумб</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Abreu_y_Galindo1977_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abreu_y_Galindo1977-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> но масовото ѝ производство там започва значително по-късно. В Европа преди XVIII век захарта е смятана за луксозна стока и едва през това столетие, когато започва значителния внос от Америка, тя се превръща в масов продукт, докато през XIX век тя вече е възприемана като жизнено необходима стока. </p><p>Тези промени във вкусовете и търсенето на захар като основна съставка на храните предизвиква значителни стопански и обществени промени,<sup id="cite_ref-Mintz1986_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mintz1986-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> най-вече в страните производителки – първоначално <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Антилски острови">Антилските острови</a>, а след това и някои континентални области (части от <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Бразилия">Бразилия</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Луизиана">Луизиана</a> и други). Производството на захар става един от мотивите за <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Колонизация">колонизация</a> на подходящите за тази цел области. Нуждата от работна ръка за трудоемкото производство увеличава вноса на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Роб">роби</a> от <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Западна Африка">Западна Африка</a>, а след забраната на робството – заселването на работници от <a href="/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Южна Азия">Южна Азия</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nationalarchives.gov.uk2013_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nationalarchives.gov.uk2013-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lai1993_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lai1993-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Vertovik199557&#32;–&#32;68_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vertovik199557&#32;–&#32;68-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Милиони такива работници са преселени на Антилските острови и американския континент и в колониите в <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Индийски океан">Индийския океан</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Югоизточна Азия">Югоизточна Азия</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Океания">Океания</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Източна Африка">Източна Африка</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" class="mw-disambig" title="Натал">Натал</a>, където етническият състав на населението е силно повлиян от производството на захар.<sup id="cite_ref-Laurence1994_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Laurence1994-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Caribbean_Repeating_Islands2009_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Caribbean_Repeating_Islands2009-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-The_National_Archives2010_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_National_Archives2010-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Другата суровина, от която се произвежда захар, е <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%86%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Захарно цвекло">захарното цвекло</a>. То започва да се обработва едва в средата на XVIII век, когато в <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Берлин">Берлин</a> германците Марграф и Ашар открили метод на извличане на захар от него. Тласък в развитието на производството на захар от захарно цвекло дава <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Континентална блокада">Континенталната блокада</a> в началото на XIX век, която силно затруднява презокеанската търговия. Към 1880 година захарното цвекло вече е основният източник на захар в Европа.<sup id="cite_ref-SKIL2012_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SKIL2012-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>До края на XIX век захарта обикновено се продава на калъпи, които се разчупват със специални клещи.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Sugar_Girls_blog2012_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Sugar_Girls_blog2012-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> След това се появява гранулираната захар, пакетирана в торби. Бучките захар са патентовани за пръв път през 1843 година от швейцарско-чешкия предприемач <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B1_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%84_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Якоб Кристоф Рад (страницата не съществува)">Якоб Кристоф Рад</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Barrett2012ix_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barrett2012ix-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>В края на XX век отношението на тръстикова към цвеклова захар е 3/1. Съдържанието на кореноплода е: 18 – 20 % захароза, 4 – 5 % клетъчни стени, 1 – 1,5 % азотни вещества, 0,6 – 0,85 пепел и останалите до 100 % са вода. Поради сезонното производство на цвекло, се налага то да се консервира, като се натрупва на купове, напръсква се с <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80_(%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB)" class="mw-redirect" title="Вар (материал)">вар</a> и се засипва с пръст. Така се подсигурява по-дълъг период на работа на захарните <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Завод">заводи</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Химични_свойства"><span id=".D0.A5.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D1.81.D0.B2.D0.BE.D0.B9.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.B0"></span>Химични свойства</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Редактиране на раздел: Химични свойства" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Химични свойства"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>От химична гледна точка захарите са група <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Въглехидрат">въглехидрати</a>, като <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Монозахарид">монозахаридите</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Дизахарид">дизахаридите</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Олигозахарид">олигозахаридите</a>. Монозахаридите се наричат също „прости захари“, като най-важна сред тях е <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Глюкоза">глюкозата</a>. Почти всички захари имат химична формула C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n</sub>O<sub>n</sub> с n между 3 и 7. Например, глюкозата има молекулна формула C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub>. Имената на типичните захари включват наставката „-оза“ (глюкоза, <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Декстроза">декстроза</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Фруктоза">фруктоза</a>), но тя се използва и за други въглехидрати, разтворими във <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Вода">вода</a>. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ациклично съединение (страницата не съществува)">Ацикличните</a> моно- и дизахариди съдържат или <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Алдехид">алдехидни</a>, или <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Кетон">кето</a> (оксо) групи, като <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="Карбонил">карбонилните</a> групи (C=O) са реактивни центрове. Всички захариди с повече от един пръстен в своята структура са резултат от свързването с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гликозидна връзка (страницата не съществува)">гликозидни връзки</a> на два или повече монозахарида, като от образуването на всяка връзка се губи молекула вода (H<sub>2</sub>O).<sup id="cite_ref-Pigman19721&#32;–&#32;67_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pigman19721&#32;–&#32;67-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Монозахаридите в циклична форма могат да образуват гликозидни връзки с други монозахариди, образувайки дизахариди, като <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Захароза">захарозата</a>, и полизахариди, като <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Нишесте">нишестето</a>. При биологичните процеси <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Ензим">ензимите</a> хидролизират или разрушават по друг начин тези гликозидни връзки, за да могат да се <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Метаболизъм">метаболизират</a> такива по-сложни съединения. В резултат на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Храносмилане">храносмилането</a> основните монозахариди в кръвта и вътрешните тъкани са глюкоза, фруктоза и <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Галактоза">галактоза</a>. </p><p>Много пентози и хексози могат да образуват <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Циклично съединение">циклични структури</a>, в които алдехидните или кетонни групи участват в структурата на пръстена, така че много типични за тях реакции не могат да протичат. В разтвор глюкозата е почти изцяло в циклична форма, като при равновесно състояние по-малко от 0,1% от молекулите имат линейна структура.<sup id="cite_ref-Pigman19721&#32;–&#32;67_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pigman19721&#32;–&#32;67-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Естествени_източници"><span id=".D0.95.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B5.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.B8.D0.B7.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.86.D0.B8"></span>Естествени източници</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Редактиране на раздел: Естествени източници" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Естествени източници"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Плод">Плодовете</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%87%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Зеленчуци">зеленчуците</a> са основните източници на прости въглехидрати (захари). <br /><br /> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin:auto"> <caption>Таблица 1. Съдържание на захар в някои растителни храни (g/100g)<sup id="cite_ref-USDA2012_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USDA2012-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Храна </th> <th>Общо въглехидрати </th> <th>Общо захари </th> <th>Фруктоза </th> <th>Глюкоза </th> <th>Захароза </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Захароза">Захароза</a>, % </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="9"><i>Плодове</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Ябълка">Ябълка</a> </td> <td>13.8 </td> <td>10.4 </td> <td>5.9 </td> <td>2.4 </td> <td>2.1 </td> <td>19.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Кайсия">Кайсия</a> </td> <td>11.1 </td> <td>9.2 </td> <td>0.9 </td> <td>2.4 </td> <td>5.9 </td> <td>63.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Банан">Банан</a> </td> <td>22.8 </td> <td>12.2 </td> <td>4.9 </td> <td>5.0 </td> <td>2.4 </td> <td>20.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Смокиня">Смокиня, сушена</a> </td> <td>63.9 </td> <td>47.9 </td> <td>22.9 </td> <td>24.8 </td> <td>0.07 </td> <td>0.001 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Грозде">Грозде</a> </td> <td>18.1 </td> <td>15.5 </td> <td>8.1 </td> <td>7.2 </td> <td>0.2 </td> <td>1.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Праскова">Праскова</a> </td> <td>9.5 </td> <td>8.4 </td> <td>1.5 </td> <td>2.0 </td> <td>4.8 </td> <td>56.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Круша">Круша</a> </td> <td>15.5 </td> <td>9.8 </td> <td>6.2 </td> <td>2.8 </td> <td>0.8 </td> <td>8.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Ананас">Ананас</a> </td> <td>13.1 </td> <td>9.9 </td> <td>2.1 </td> <td>1.7 </td> <td>6.0 </td> <td>60.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Слива">Слива</a> </td> <td>11.4 </td> <td>9.9 </td> <td>3.1 </td> <td>5.1 </td> <td>1.6 </td> <td>0.16 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="8"><i>Зеленчуци</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%86%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Червено цвекло">Червено цвекло</a> </td> <td>9.6 </td> <td>6.8 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td>6.5 </td> <td>96.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Морков">Морков</a> </td> <td>9.6 </td> <td>4.7 </td> <td>0.6 </td> <td>0.6 </td> <td>3.6 </td> <td>70.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="Жито">Жито</a> </td> <td>19.0 </td> <td>3.2 </td> <td>0.5 </td> <td>0.5 </td> <td>2.1 </td> <td>64.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Червен пипер">Червен пипер</a> </td> <td>6.0 </td> <td>4.2 </td> <td>2.3 </td> <td>1.9 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Кромид лук">Лук</a> </td> <td>7.6 </td> <td>5.0 </td> <td>2.0 </td> <td>2.3 </td> <td>0.7 </td> <td>14.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Картоф">Картоф</a> </td> <td>20.1 </td> <td>4.2 </td> <td>0.7 </td> <td>1.0 </td> <td>2.5 </td> <td>60.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Захарна тръстика">Захарна тръстика</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>13 – 18 </td> <td>0.2 – 1.0 </td> <td>0.2 – 1.0 </td> <td>11 – 16 </td> <td>100 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%86%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Захарно цвекло">Захарно (бяло) цвекло</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>17 – 18 </td> <td>0.1 – 0.5 </td> <td>0.1 – 0.5 </td> <td>16 – 17 </td> <td>100 </td></tr></tbody></table><p><br /> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Рафиниране_и_кристализация_на_захар"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.B0.D1.84.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B5_.D0.B8_.D0.BA.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B0.D1.86.D0.B8.D1.8F_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D0.B7.D0.B0.D1.85.D0.B0.D1.80"></span>Рафиниране и кристализация на захар</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Редактиране на раздел: Рафиниране и кристализация на захар" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Рафиниране и кристализация на захар"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:SugarBeet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/SugarBeet.jpg/220px-SugarBeet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/SugarBeet.jpg/330px-SugarBeet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/SugarBeet.jpg/440px-SugarBeet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1786" data-file-height="2700" /></a><figcaption>Захарно цвекло</figcaption></figure> <p>Захар се получава от <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%86%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Захарно цвекло">захарно цвекло</a> или <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Захарна тръстика">захарна тръстика</a>. </p><p>В търговската мрежа се среща бяла и кафява захар. Кафявата захар става все по-популярна поради засилващия се интерес на хората да се хранят здравословно. Има реална причина качествената кафява захар да е по-скъпа от бялата. Тъй като в захарния <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF" title="Сироп">сироп</a>, извличан от цвекло или тръстика, по обясними причини, има <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Белтък">белтъци</a>, както и други вещества, които затрудняват образуването на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Кристал">кристали</a>, този сироп трябва да се очисти от тези нежелани примеси. При бялата захар този проблем е решен евтино и ефикасно. В захарния извлек (10 – 15% захарно съдържание) се внася 2% гасена вар [Са(ОН)<sub>2</sub>]. Процесът се нарича дефекация (пречистване) на захарния сок. След което през сместа се барботира на фини мехурчета <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Въглероден диоксид">въглероден диоксид</a> (СО<sub>2</sub>). Процесът се нарича <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сатурация (страницата не съществува)">сатурация</a>. Образува се утайка от варовик (СаСО<sub>3</sub>), която увлича със себе си всички белтъци, както и голяма част от другите примеси. След като се филтрира <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Сок">сока</a> от утайката, той се сгъстява чрез изпарение на водата. Образуваният сироп се нарича тежък сок и има около 65% захароза. Следва образуване на кристали, които се центрофугират, сушат. Готовата бяла захар се опакова и съхранява. Останалият от центрофугирането сироп се подлага на допълнителна <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Кристализация">кристализация</a> и получените вторични кристали (жълта захар) се разтапят (под името клера) и се връщат при тежкия сок. При кристализирането на захарта всички останали примеси остават в междукристалния сироп, а кристалите остават чисти (98 – 99% захар). Обикновено след третата кристализация се отделя сироп, наречен <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Меласа">меласа</a>, който за захарния завод е отпадък. Ползва се за спирт и др. В меласата са всички минерали, соли и т.н. </p><p>Черната захар се очиства по друг начин от белтъци. Процесът е доста по-скъп, с по-сложна техника и с по-скъпи вещества. Затова качествената кафява захар е по-скъпа. Кафява захар се прави и по некачествен метод от бяла захар, смесена с меласа (отпадния продукт от захарното производство) и изсушена. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Пудра_захар"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.83.D0.B4.D1.80.D0.B0_.D0.B7.D0.B0.D1.85.D0.B0.D1.80"></span>Пудра захар</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Редактиране на раздел: Пудра захар" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Пудра захар"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Пудрата захар е механично смляна бяла кристална захар на фин прах. Нерафинараната и некристализирана захар не е подходяща за приготвяне на пудра захар. Пудрата захар притежава всички предимства и недостатъци на бялата захар, но е по-фина, което я прави подходяща за украса на сладкиши. За приготвянето на пудра захар не се използват химически съставки, но за намаляване на сладостта и от икономически съображения към смляната на прах захар се добавя <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Нишесте">нишесте</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Въздействие_върху_човешкия_организъм"><span id=".D0.92.D1.8A.D0.B7.D0.B4.D0.B5.D0.B9.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.B8.D0.B5_.D0.B2.D1.8A.D1.80.D1.85.D1.83_.D1.87.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B5.D1.88.D0.BA.D0.B8.D1.8F_.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B3.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.B7.D1.8A.D0.BC"></span>Въздействие върху човешкия организъм</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Редактиране на раздел: Въздействие върху човешкия организъм" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Въздействие върху човешкия организъм"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:HK_R10_Sheung_Wan_Parkn_Shop_Supermarket_interior_Frozen_foods_Evening_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/HK_R10_Sheung_Wan_Parkn_Shop_Supermarket_interior_Frozen_foods_Evening_01.jpg/220px-HK_R10_Sheung_Wan_Parkn_Shop_Supermarket_interior_Frozen_foods_Evening_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/HK_R10_Sheung_Wan_Parkn_Shop_Supermarket_interior_Frozen_foods_Evening_01.jpg/330px-HK_R10_Sheung_Wan_Parkn_Shop_Supermarket_interior_Frozen_foods_Evening_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/HK_R10_Sheung_Wan_Parkn_Shop_Supermarket_interior_Frozen_foods_Evening_01.jpg/440px-HK_R10_Sheung_Wan_Parkn_Shop_Supermarket_interior_Frozen_foods_Evening_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Всички <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Консерва">консерви</a> и пакетирани храни съдържат скрита захар</figcaption></figure> <p>Човек приема захарта под много форми, скрита под различни наименования: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Сукроза">сукроза</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Декстроза">декстроза</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Малтоза">малтоза</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Глюкоза">глюкоза</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Фруктоза">фруктоза</a> или силно преработения <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF_%D0%BE%D1%82_%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0_(HFCS)" class="mw-redirect" title="Високо-фруктозен сироп от царевица (HFCS)">високо-фруктозен сироп от царевица (HFCS)</a>. Тя се съдържа в прекомерни количества в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_(%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Паста (кулинария)">пасти</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Торта">торти</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Сладкарски изделия">сладка</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Мармалад">мармалади</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Бисквита">бисквити</a> и всякакви други <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82" title="Десерт">десерти</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Безалкохолна напитка">газирани напитки</a>, повечето <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Сок">плодови сокове</a>, спортни <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Напитка">напитки</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Консерва">консерви</a> от плодове и от някои зеленчуци, плодови <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Кисело мляко">кисели млека</a>, подправки за салати и много мариновани туршии, както и в повечето преработени храни. Когато я приема, първоначално човек се чувства много добре, тонизиран, свеж и зареден с <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Енергия">енергия</a>, но за кратко. След като въздействието премине, в човешкия организъм настъпва спад на енергия.<sup id="cite_ref-University_of_California2009_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-University_of_California2009-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>В <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Природа">природата</a> няма чисти захари. Естествените хранителни източници на въглехидрати, като например <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Плод">плодовете</a>, освен захари, съдържат <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Фибри">фибри</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Витамини">витамини</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Микроелемент">микроелементи</a>. Последните са необходими на организма за да могат захарите да бъдат усвоени. При захарозата обаче, такива липсват, понеже в процеса на нейното получаване те са извлечени от <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Захарна тръстика">захарната тръстика</a>. В този случай, за да <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Метаболизъм">метаболизира</a> и усвои неестествения продукт, организма започва да черпи от своите запаси от микроелементи, витамини, <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Ензим">ензими</a> и пр. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Калций">Калцият</a> например се черпи от <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Кост">костите</a> и зъбите, в резултат на което се увеличава тяхната чупливост. Освен това още при приемането захарта покрива <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Зъби">зъбите</a> в <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Устна кухина">устната кухина</a> с лепкав слой, върху който се натрупват хранителни частици и <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Бактерии">бактерии</a>. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Киселина">Киселините</a>, продукт на бактериите, от своя страна разяждат зъбите и резултатът е безвъзвратно рушене на <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB" title="Зъбен емайл">зъбният емайл</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Зъбен кариес">зъбен кариес</a> и болни <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86_(%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Венец (анатомия)">венци</a>. </p><p>Захарите, консумирани в естествения си вид (от плодовете или <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Зърнени храни">зърнените храни</a>), попадайки в <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Храносмилателна система">храносмилателната система</a> се разпадат почти веднага на глюкоза и фруктоза, и преминават бавно и постепенно в кръвния ток, така че организмът може лесно да ги усвои. Рафинираните захари обаче покачват бързо нивото на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Кръвна захар">кръвната захар</a>. За да се намали това ниво, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Панкреас">панкреаса</a> започва да отделя хормона <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Инсулин">инсулин</a>. Тъй като това става много бързо, нивото на захарта в кръвта пада под долната норма, което оставя чувство на умора, раздразнителност и потиснатост. С увеличаването на нивото на инсулин <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Мозък">човешкият мозък</a> все по-трудно разпознава <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Лептин">лептина</a> – хормон, идващ от мастните клетки и понижаващ апетита. Със спадането на енергийния „<i>подем</i>“, в отговор се получава стремеж за набавяне на захар отново, за да се отстрани чувството на енергиен спад. Липсата на „<i>сигнал</i>“ за ситост в мозъка, и стремежът към набавяне на захар водят до <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Пристрастяване">пристрастяване</a>. </p><p>Резките промени в нивото на кръвната захар може да доведат до разстройство на нервната система – емоционална нестабилност и обърканост, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B6" title="Световъртеж">виене на свят</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Главоболие">главоболие</a>. При по-голяма консумация на рафинирани захари, в организма се отключва верижна химическа реакция, водеща до <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Хипогликемия">хипогликемия</a> с непосредствено освобождаване на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Хормон">хормона</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Адреналин">адреналин</a> от <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B6%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Надбъбречна жлеза">надбъбречните жлези</a>. Това създава състояние на истински <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Стрес">стрес</a> в организма и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Мозък">мозъка</a>. Стреса от своя страна води до увеличаване на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Холестерол">холестерола</a> и хормона <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Кортизон">кортизон</a>, което потиска работата на <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Имунна система">имунната система</a>. </p><p>Непълното преработване и усвояване на захарта от организма води до затруднено окисляване на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Нервна клетка">нервните клетки</a>, при което се засяга работата на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF_(%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F)" class="mw-redirect" title="Хипокамп (анатомия)">хипокампа</a> – тази част от мозъка, която е отговорна за обучението и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Памет">паметта</a>. Увреждането на хипокампа способства за развитието на <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%86%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Болест на Алцхаймер">болестта на Алцхаймер</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-lekar.bg2009_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lekar.bg2009-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Докато глюкозата се приема нормално от организма и го подхранва, то фруктозата има поведение на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Алкохол">алкохол</a> (токсин, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Отрова">отрова</a>) за <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1" title="Черен дроб">черния дроб</a>, тъй като само там може да бъде преработена до <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мазнина">мазнина</a>. Последното води до затлъстяване на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Черния дроб">черния дроб</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Стеатоза (страницата не съществува)">стеатоза</a>). Първоначално, черния дроб складира една част от захарите под формата на <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Гликоген">гликоген</a>, но тъй като възможностите му в това отношение са ограничени, допълнителните захари се трансформират в мастни киселини, които започват да се натрупват в подкожните мастни депа. Това води до отлагане на мастна тъкан и в останалите вътрешни органи (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B5" title="Сърце">сърце</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Бъбреци">бъбреци</a>), при което се нарушават техните функции. Забавя се циркулацията на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B2" title="Кръв">кръвта</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Лимфа">лимфната течност</a>, потиска се дейността на белите кръвни телца, т.е. понижава се активността на <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Имунна система">имунната система</a>. Последното води до развитие на <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Диабет">диабет</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Атеросклероза">атеросклероза</a>, сърдечно-съдови и други <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="Заболяване">заболявания</a>, което може да доведе до развитие на <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Инфаркт на миокарда">инфаркт на миокарда</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82" title="Инсулт">инсулт</a> и пр. </p><p>Бързото освобождаване на захари в кръвта и непостоянното ниво на инсулина ускоряват <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Регенерация">регенерацията</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Стареене">стареенето</a>) на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Клетка">клетките</a> на кожата, което означава, че повече мъртви клетки трябва да бъдат прекарани през нейните <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пора (страницата не съществува)">пори</a>. По-бързото стареене води до струпване на тези мъртви клетки, причиняващо задръствания в порите на кожата (<a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Акне">акне</a>). Освен това свързването на захарта с белтъка <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Колаген">колаген</a> води до разрушаването на еластичността и блясъка на кожата. </p><p>Захарта намалява отделянето на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Стомашен сок">стомашен сок</a> от стомашните <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Жлеза">жлези</a> и забавя <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Перисталтика">перисталтиката</a>. Това води до <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Гниене">гниене</a>, а гниенето е предразполагащ фактор за доста заболявания на стомашночревния тракт включително доброкачествени и злокачествени <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Тумор">тумори</a>. </p><p>Прекаленият прием на рафинирана захар също може да предизвика камъни в жлъчния мехур, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Апендицит">апендицит</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Хемороиди">хемороиди</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Разширени вени">разширени вени</a>, автоимунни заболявания като <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Артрит">артрит</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Астма">астма</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Множествена склероза">множествена склероза</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Депресия">депресия</a>, хранителни <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Алергия">алергии</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мигрена">мигрена</a>. Нарушават се функциите на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Панкреас">панкреаса</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B6%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Надбъбречна жлеза">надбъбречните жлези</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A9%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B6%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Щитовидна жлеза">щитовидната жлеза</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Хипофиза">хипофизата</a> и <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B6%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Полова жлеза (страницата не съществува)">половите жлези</a>, поради тяхното изтощение. Нарушението на дейността на панкреаса причинява поражение върху ретината на очите, което води до отслабено <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Зрение">зрение</a>, възникване на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Катаракта">катаракта</a>, както и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Слепота">слепота</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Бележки"><span id=".D0.91.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.B6.D0.BA.D0.B8"></span>Бележки</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Редактиране на раздел: Бележки" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Бележки"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-WHO_2015p4-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-WHO_2015p4_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWorld_Health_Organization2015" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180704002426/http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/149782/9789241549028_eng.pdf">Guideline: Sugar intake for adults and children</a> //   World Health Organization, 2015. с. 4.  Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/149782/9789241549028_eng.pdf">оригинала</a> на 4 юли 2018.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kiple2012-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Kiple2012_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKiple2012">Kiple 2012</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sharpe1998-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Sharpe1998_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSharpe1998">Sharpe 1998</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rolph1917-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Rolph1917_4-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rolph1917_4-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rolph1917_4-2"><sup><i><b>в</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRolph1917">Rolph 1917</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moxham2001-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Moxham2001_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoxham2001">Moxham 2001</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Adas2001311-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Adas2001311_6-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Adas2001311_6-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Adas2001311_6-2"><sup><i><b>в</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAdas2001">Adas 2001</a>, с. 311.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kieschnick2003-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Kieschnick2003_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKieschnick2003">Kieschnick 2003</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sen200338&#32;–&#32;40-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Sen200338&#32;–&#32;40_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSen2003">Sen 2003</a>, с. 38 – 40.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kieschnick2003258-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Kieschnick2003258_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKieschnick2003">Kieschnick 2003</a>, с. 258.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barber200414-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Barber200414_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBarber2004">Barber 2004</a>, с. 14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ponting2000481-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Ponting2000481_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPonting2000">Ponting 2000</a>, с. 481.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Abreu_y_Galindo1977-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Abreu_y_Galindo1977_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAbreu_y_Galindo1977">Abreu y Galindo 1977</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mintz1986-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Mintz1986_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMintz1986">Mintz 1986</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nationalarchives.gov.uk2013-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-nationalarchives.gov.uk2013_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFnationalarchives.gov.uk2013">nationalarchives.gov.uk 2013</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lai1993-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Lai1993_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLai1993">Lai 1993</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vertovik199557&#32;–&#32;68-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Vertovik199557&#32;–&#32;68_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVertovik1995">Vertovik 1995</a>, с. 57 – 68.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Laurence1994-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Laurence1994_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLaurence1994">Laurence 1994</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Caribbean_Repeating_Islands2009-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Caribbean_Repeating_Islands2009_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCaribbean_Repeating_Islands2009">Caribbean Repeating Islands 2009</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_National_Archives2010-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-The_National_Archives2010_19-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThe_National_Archives2010">The National Archives 2010</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SKIL2012-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-SKIL2012_20-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSKIL2012">SKIL 2012</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Sugar_Girls_blog2012-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-The_Sugar_Girls_blog2012_21-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThe_Sugar_Girls_blog2012">The Sugar Girls blog 2012</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barrett2012ix-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Barrett2012ix_22-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBarrett2012">Barrett 2012</a>, с. ix.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pigman19721&#32;–&#32;67-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Pigman19721&#32;–&#32;67_23-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pigman19721&#32;–&#32;67_23-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPigman1972">Pigman 1972</a>, с. 1 – 67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USDA2012-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-USDA2012_24-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFUSDA2012">USDA 2012</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-University_of_California2009-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-University_of_California2009_25-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFUniversity_of_California2009">University of California 2009</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lekar.bg2009-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-lekar.bg2009_26-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFlekar.bg2009">lekar.bg 2009</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <dl><dt>Цитирани източници</dt></dl> <div class="references"> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFAbreu_y_Galindo1977" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Abreu y Galindo, J. de et al. Historia de la conquista de las siete islas de Canarias.  Tenerife, Goya ediciones, 1977.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на испански)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFAdas2001" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Adas, Michael. Agricultural and Pastoral Societies in Ancient and Classical History.  Temple University Press, 2001. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/1566398320" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-56639-832-0</a>.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBarber2004" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Barber, Malcolm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=7Kkm7cgT_xkC&pg=PA14">The two cities: medieval Europe, 1050 – 1320</a>. 2nd.  Routledge, 2004. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9780415174152" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-415-17415-2</a>.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBarrett2012" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Barrett, Duncan et al. The Sugar Girls.  Collins, 2012. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9780007448470" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0007448470</a>.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFCaribbean_Repeating_Islands2009" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170424085806/https://repeatingislands.com/2009/05/07/st-lucia%E2%80%99s-indian-arrival-day/">St. Lucia's Indian Arrival Day</a> //   Caribbean Repeating Islands, 2009.  Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://repeatingislands.com/2009/05/07/st-lucia%E2%80%99s-indian-arrival-day/">оригинала</a> на 2017-04-24. Посетен на 2013-11-19.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKieschnick2003" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Kieschnick, John. The Impact of Buddhism on Chinese Material Culture.  Princeton University Press, 2003. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/0691096767" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-691-09676-7</a>.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKiple2012" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Kiple, Kenneth F. et al. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cambridge.org/us/books/kiple/sugar.htm">World history of Food – Sugar</a> //  cambridge.org.  Cambridge University Press, 2012. Посетен на 9 януари 2012.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLai1993" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Lai, Walton. Indentured labor, Caribbean sugar: Chinese and Indian migrants to the British West Indies, 1838 – 1918.  1993. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9780801877469" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-8018-7746-9</a>.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLaurence1994" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Laurence, K. A Question of Labour: Indentured Immigration Into Trinidad & British Guiana, 1875 – 1917 //   St Martin's Press, 1994.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFlekar.bg2009" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130927211823/http://www.lekar.bg/news-129/info-3188/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0.%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0.%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BA%D0%B0/">Захарта убива мозъка</a> //  lekar.bg.  lekar.bg, 2009.  Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lekar.bg/news-129/info-3188/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0.%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0.%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BA%D0%B0/">оригинала</a> на 2013-09-27. Посетен на 20 ноември 2013.</cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMintz1986" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Mintz, Sidney. Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History.  Penguin, 1986. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9780140092332" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-14-009233-2</a>.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMoxham2001" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Moxham, Roy. The Great Hedge of India.  Carroll & Graf, 2001. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/0786709766" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7867-0976-6</a>.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFnationalarchives.gov.uk2013" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/pathways/blackhistory/india/forced.htm">Forced Labour</a> //  nationalarchives.gov.uk.  nationalarchives.gov.uk, 2013. Посетен на 19 ноември 2013.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFPigman1972" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Pigman, Ward et al. The Carbohydrates: Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol 1A. 2nd.  San Diego, Academic Press, 1972. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/0125563523" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-12-556352-3</a>.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFPonting2000" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Ponting, Clive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldhistorynewp0000pont">World history: a new perspective</a>.  London, Chatto & Windus, 2000. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/070116834X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7011-6834-X</a>.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRolph1917" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Rolph, George. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/somethingaboutsu00rolprich">Something about sugar: its history, growth, manufacture and distribution</a>.  San Francisco, J. J. Newbegin, 1917.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSen2003" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Sen, Tansen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/buddhismdiplomac0000sent">Buddhism, Diplomacy, and Trade: The Realignment of Sino-Indian Relations, 600 – 1400</a>.  University of Hawaii Press / Association for Asian Studies, 2003. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/0824825934" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8248-2593-4</a>.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSharpe1998" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Sharpe, Peter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110710203319/http://www.ethnoleaflets.com//leaflets/sugar.htm">Sugar Cane: Past and Present</a> //  Illinois: Southern Illinois University.  1998.  Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnoleaflets.com//leaflets/sugar.htm">оригинала</a> на 2011-07-10. Посетен на 2013-11-18.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSKIL2012" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sucrose.com/lhist.html">How Sugar is Made – the History</a> //  sucrose.com.  SKIL, 2012. Посетен на 28 март 2012.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFThe_National_Archives2010" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20101028201543/http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk:80/records/research-guides/indian-indentured-labour.htm">Indian indentured labourers</a> //   The National Archives, 2010.  Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/records/research-guides/indian-indentured-labour.htm">оригинала</a> на 2010-10-28.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFThe_Sugar_Girls_blog10_март_2012" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thesugargirls.com/a-visit-to-the-tate-lyle-archive/">A Visit to the Tate & Lyle Archive</a> //   The Sugar Girls blog, 10 март 2012. Посетен на 11 март 2012.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFUniversity_of_California2009" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uctv.tv/search-details.aspx?showID=16717">Sugar: The Bitter Truth</a> //  uctv.tv.  University of California, 2009. Посетен на 20 ноември 2013.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFUSDA2012" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140810230234/http://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/search/list">Foods List</a> //  ndb.nal.usda.gov.  USDA, 2012.  Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/search/list">оригинала</a> на 2014-08-10. Посетен на 20 юли 2012.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFVertovik1995" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Vertovik, Steven. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgesurveyo00robi">The Cambridge survey of world migration</a>.  1995. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9780521444057" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-521-44405-7</a>. p. 57 – 68.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Вижте_също"><span id=".D0.92.D0.B8.D0.B6.D1.82.D0.B5_.D1.81.D1.8A.D1.89.D0.BE"></span>Вижте също</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Редактиране на раздел: Вижте също" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Вижте също"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Карамел">Карамел</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Захарни изделия">Захарни изделия</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Външни_препратки"><span id=".D0.92.D1.8A.D0.BD.D1.88.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.BA.D0.B8"></span>Външни препратки</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Редактиране на раздел: Външни препратки" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Външни препратки"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Съдържание на захар в различните храни: <cite id="CITEREF[[USDA]]" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060907155335/http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/Data/Other/herr48.pdf">National Agricultural Library – Sugar Content of Selected Foods (PDF)</a> //   <a href="/wiki/USDA" class="mw-redirect" title="USDA">USDA</a>.  Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/Data/Other/herr48.pdf">оригинала</a> на 2006-09-07. Посетен на 9 септември 2012.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Взето от „<a dir="ltr" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Захар&oldid=12404845">https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Захар&oldid=12404845</a>“.</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Специални:Категории">Категория</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Категория:Захари">Захари</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Скрита категория: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8,_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%BB%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8_ISBN" title="Категория:Страници, използващи вълшебни препратки ISBN">Страници, използващи вълшебни препратки ISBN</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Последната промяна на страницата е извършена на 6 ноември 2024 г. в 17:55 ч.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Текстът е достъпен под лиценза <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.bg">Creative Commons Признание-Споделяне на споделеното</a>; може да са приложени допълнителни условия. За подробности вижте <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Terms_of_Use/bg">Условия за ползване</a>.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Поверителност</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%97%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8">За контакт с Уикипедия</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5">Предупреждение</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Кодекс на поведение</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">За разработчици</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/bg.wikipedia.org">Статистика</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Използване на „бисквитки“</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//bg.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Мобилен изглед</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-7g25x","wgBackendResponseTime":189,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.574","walltime":"0.926","ppvisitednodes":{"value":15296,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":203909,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":41959,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":25127,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":2,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 543.439 1 -total"," 38.40% 208.705 12 Шаблон:Infobox"," 33.30% 180.979 26 Шаблон:Cite"," 28.64% 155.632 1 Шаблон:Дребно"," 26.35% 143.183 2 Шаблон:Хранителна_стойност"," 23.15% 125.817 26 Шаблон:Източник_БДС_17377"," 20.89% 113.517 30 Шаблон:Hrf"," 19.50% 105.944 13 Шаблон:Cite_web"," 16.08% 87.386 13 Шаблон:Cite_book"," 13.51% 73.395 8 Шаблон:Lang"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.225","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":2503522,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-5dc468848-g8cx2","timestamp":"20241122203323","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u0417\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0440","url":"https:\/\/bg.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q11002","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q11002","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0423\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-03-18T14:58:48Z","dateModified":"2024-11-06T17:55:08Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/5d\/Raw_sugar_closeup.jpg"}</script> </body> </html>