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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bonifacio_Plan&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Bonifacio Plan">Bonifacio Plan</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Battle</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Battle_of_Manila_(1896)" title="Special:EditPage/Battle of Manila (1896)">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Battle+of+Manila%22+1896">"Battle of Manila" 1896</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Battle+of+Manila%22+1896+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Battle+of+Manila%22+1896&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Battle+of+Manila%22+1896+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Battle+of+Manila%22+1896">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Battle+of+Manila%22+1896&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2015</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Battle of Manila (1896)</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Revolution" title="Philippine Revolution">Philippine Revolution</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>August 29, 1896</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> Spanish victory</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Katipunan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Katipunan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Katipunan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Katipunan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Katipunan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Katipunan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="4252" data-file-height="2126" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Katipunan" title="Katipunan">Katipunan</a> </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Battle_Flag_of_Tagalog_Republic.svg/22px-Battle_Flag_of_Tagalog_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Battle_Flag_of_Tagalog_Republic.svg/33px-Battle_Flag_of_Tagalog_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Battle_Flag_of_Tagalog_Republic.svg/44px-Battle_Flag_of_Tagalog_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="617" data-file-height="617" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tagalog_Republic#Bonifacio" title="Tagalog Republic">Sovereign Tagalog Nation</a></li></ul></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish Empire</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Katipunan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Katipunan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Katipunan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Katipunan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Katipunan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Katipunan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="4252" data-file-height="2126" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Bonifacio" title="Andrés Bonifacio">Andrés Bonifacio</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Katipunan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Katipunan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Katipunan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Katipunan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Katipunan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Katipunan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="4252" data-file-height="2126" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Emilio_Jacinto" title="Emilio Jacinto">Emilio Jacinto</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Katipunan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Katipunan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Katipunan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Katipunan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Katipunan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Katipunan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="4252" data-file-height="2126" /></span></span></span> Aguedo del Rosario<br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Katipunan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Katipunan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Katipunan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Katipunan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Katipunan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Katipunan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="4252" data-file-height="2126" /></span></span></span> Vicente Fernandez</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Blanco,_1st_Marquis_of_Pe%C3%B1a_Plata" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramón Blanco, 1st Marquis of Peña Plata">Ramón Blanco</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Camilo_Garc%C3%ADa_de_Polavieja" title="Camilo García de Polavieja">Camilo de Polavieja</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Katipunan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Katipunan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Katipunan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Katipunan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Katipunan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Katipunan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="4252" data-file-height="2126" /></span></span></span> 15,000</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> 2,300</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> Very heavy</td><td 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Revolution</span></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:transparent;padding-bottom:0;"> Luzon</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cry_of_Pugad_Lawin" title="Cry of Pugad Lawin">Pugad Lawin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pasong_Tamo" title="Battle of Pasong Tamo">Pasong Tamo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1st Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Juan_del_Monte" title="Battle of San Juan del Monte">San Juan del Monte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Noveleta" title="Battle of Noveleta">Noveleta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Francisco_de_Malabon" title="Battle of San Francisco de Malabon">San Francisco de Malabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawit_revolt" title="Kawit revolt">Kawit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cry_of_Nueva_Ecija" title="Cry of Nueva Ecija">Nueva Ecija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Imus" title="Battle of Imus">Imus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Talisay" title="Battle of Talisay">Talisay</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Nasugbu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Nasugbu (page does not exist)">Nasugbu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Balayan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Balayan (page does not exist)">Balayan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Lian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Lian (page does not exist)">Lian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_Batangas" title="Battles of Batangas">Batangas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Binakayan-Dalahican" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Binakayan-Dalahican">Binakayan and Dalahican</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Calero_Bridge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Calero Bridge (page does not exist)">Calero Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sambat" title="Battle of Sambat">Sambat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Mateo_and_Montalban" title="Battle of San Mateo and Montalban">Morong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battles_of_Bulacan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battles of Bulacan (page does not exist)">Bulacan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampanga_in_the_Philippine_Revolution" title="Pampanga in the Philippine Revolution">Pampanga</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Revolution&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilocos Revolution (page does not exist)">Ilocos Norte and Ilocos Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Rafael" title="Battle of San Rafael">San Rafael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_Manila_mutiny" title="1896 Manila mutiny">Motin de Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bataan_Uprising&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bataan Uprising (page does not exist)">Bataan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Bakood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Bakood (page does not exist)">Bacoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pateros" title="Battle of Pateros">Pateros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cry_of_Tarlac" title="Cry of Tarlac">Tarlac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kakarong_de_Sili" title="Battle of Kakarong de Sili">Kakarong de Sili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zapote_Bridge_(1897)" title="Battle of Zapote Bridge (1897)">Zapote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Silang" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Silang">Silang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Naik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Naik (page does not exist)">Naik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Perez_Dasmari%C3%B1as" title="Battle of Perez Dasmariñas">Perez Dasmariñas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retreat_to_Montalban" title="Retreat to Montalban">Montalban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mount_Purog" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Mount Purog">Mount Purog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aliaga" title="Battle of Aliaga">Aliaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Paombong" title="Raid on Paombong">Paombong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pact_of_Biak-na-Bato" title="Pact of Biak-na-Bato">Biak-na-Bato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Camalig" title="Battle of Camalig">Camalig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Alapan" title="Battle of Alapan">Alapan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Calamba" title="Battle of Calamba">Calamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Santa_Cruz" title="Siege of Santa Cruz">Santa Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Bolinao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Bolinao (page does not exist)">Bolinao</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_La_Trinidad_Garrison&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of La Trinidad Garrison (page does not exist)">Baguio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tayabas" title="Battle of Tayabas">Tayabas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Lipa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Lipa (page does not exist)">Lipa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Baler" title="Siege of Baler">Baler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Macabulos" class="mw-redirect" title="Francisco Macabulos">Dagupan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Tinio" title="Manuel Tinio">Vigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_(1898)" title="Battle of Manila (1898)">2nd Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Masbate" title="Siege of Masbate">Masbate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_Nueva_C%C3%A1ceres_(1898)" title="Liberation of Nueva Cáceres (1898)">Nueva Cáceres</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:transparent;padding-bottom:0;"> Visayas</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Tapaz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Tapaz (page does not exist)">Aklan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Tanza_del_Norte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Tanza del Norte (page does not exist)">Capiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tres_de_Abril" title="Battle of Tres de Abril">Cebu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Budla-an" title="Battle of Budla-an">Talamban</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Balisong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Balisong (page does not exist)">Balisong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Batan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Batan (page does not exist)">Batan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cry_of_Lincud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cry of Lincud (page does not exist)">Lincud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cry_of_Santa_Barbara" title="Cry of Santa Barbara">Iloilo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Revolution" title="Negros Revolution">Negros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Jose_de_Buenavista" title="Battle of San Jose de Buenavista">Antique</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Oton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Oton (page does not exist)">Oton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Barrio_Yating" title="Battle of Barrio Yating">Pilar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sapong_Hills" title="Battle of Sapong Hills">Sara</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Jaro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Jaro (page does not exist)">Jaro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Visayas_Expedition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Visayas Expedition (page does not exist)">Visayas Expedition</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:transparent;padding-bottom:0;"> Mindanao</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calaganan_Mutiny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calaganan Mutiny (page does not exist)">Calaganan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Zamboanga" title="Siege of Zamboanga">Zamboanga</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Misamis_revolt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Misamis revolt (page does not exist)">Misamis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nueva_Guip%C3%BAzcoa_revolt" title="Nueva Guipúzcoa revolt">Davao</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks plainlist" style="width:18em"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="font-size:125%">Battles of Manila</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="white-space:nowrap"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bruneian%E2%80%93Tundun_War" title="Bruneian–Tundun War">Bruneian–Tundun War (1500)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_(1570)" title="Battle of Manila (1570)">Battle of Manila (1570)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_(1574)" title="Battle of Manila (1574)">Battle of Manila (1574)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_(1762)" title="Battle of Manila (1762)">Battle of Manila (1762)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_conflict_(1769)" title="Manila conflict (1769)">Battle of Manila (1769)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Manila" title="Raid on Manila">Raid on Manila (1798)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Battle of Manila (1896)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_(1898)" title="Battle of Manila (1898)">Battle of Manila (1898)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_(1899)" title="Battle of Manila (1899)">Battle of Manila (1899)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_(1945)" title="Battle of Manila (1945)">Battle of Manila (1945)</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> See also</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="white-space:nowrap"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_Bay" title="Battle of Manila Bay">Battle of Manila Bay</a> (1898)</li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Around Manila</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="white-space:nowrap"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bangkusay" title="Battle of Bangkusay">Battle of Bangkusay</a> (1571)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_La_Naval_de_Manila" title="Battles of La Naval de Manila">La Naval de Manila</a> (1646)</li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Battles_of_Manila" title="Template:Battles of Manila"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Battles_of_Manila" title="Template talk:Battles of Manila"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Battles_of_Manila" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Battles of Manila"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Andr%C3%A9s_Bonifacio_photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Andr%C3%A9s_Bonifacio_photo.jpg/170px-Andr%C3%A9s_Bonifacio_photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Andr%C3%A9s_Bonifacio_photo.jpg/255px-Andr%C3%A9s_Bonifacio_photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Andr%C3%A9s_Bonifacio_photo.jpg/340px-Andr%C3%A9s_Bonifacio_photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3055" data-file-height="4208" /></a><figcaption>The only extant photo of <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Bonifacio" title="Andrés Bonifacio">Andrés Bonifacio</a>, Supremo of the Katipunan.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Battle of Manila of 1896</b> (<a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Filipino</a>: <i>Labanan sa Maynila</i>; <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Batalla de Manila</i>) occurred in <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a> in the Spanish colony of the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Revolution" title="Philippine Revolution">Philippine Revolution</a>. <a href="/wiki/Katipunan" title="Katipunan">Katipunan</a> under <a href="/wiki/Andres_Bonifacio" class="mw-redirect" title="Andres Bonifacio">Andres Bonifacio</a> attempted to take the city but the attempt failed, and Bonifacio retreated to the city's outskirts. The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Juan_del_Monte" title="Battle of San Juan del Monte">Battle of San Juan del Monte</a> was joined a day later when Bonifacio attempted to capture the San Juan's <a href="/wiki/Gunpowder_magazine" title="Gunpowder magazine">powder magazine</a>, but this too failed. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bonifacio's_plan"><span id="Bonifacio.27s_plan"></span>Bonifacio's plan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Manila_(1896)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Bonifacio's plan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since the start of the revolution, the city of Manila, and specifically its walled center <a href="/wiki/Intramuros" title="Intramuros">Intramuros</a>, was the primary target of <i>El Supremo</i> Andres Bonifacio and his Katipuneros.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The takeover of Intramuros had been a logical move for any uprising trying to overthrow the Spanish colonial regime in the Philippines. In this area were the <i>Ayuntamiento</i> (City Hall), <i>Intendencia</i>, and <i>Palacio Arzobispal</i> (Archbishop's Palace). The seat of the <a href="/wiki/Governor-General" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor-General">Governor-General</a> was in <a href="/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace" title="Malacañang Palace">Malacañang Palace</a>, 300 paces from Intramuros. Very few Spanish troops guarded the city, as most were garrisoned around the archipelago. Bonifacio thought that once the city was taken the revolutionaries would be welcomed by the inhabitants, who he thought were already sick of Spanish domination. </p><p>Bonifacio intended to take the city by force<sup id="cite_ref-stories_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stories-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in a three-pronged attack.<sup id="cite_ref-Alvarez_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alvarez-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 36">: 36 </span></sup> The forces of General Aguedo del Rosario would come from <a href="/wiki/Tondo,_Manila" title="Tondo, Manila">Tondo, Manila</a>, those of General Vicente Fernandez from San Marcelino<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="this does not refer to San Marcelino (in Zamboanga, which has a WP article); it needs more clarity about what it does refer to (May 2015)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, and those of General Ramon Bernardo through the Rotonda in <a href="/wiki/Sampaloc,_Manila" title="Sampaloc, Manila">Sampaloc, Manila</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-stories_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stories-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> General Fernandez was to take over <i>La Electricista de Manila</i> (Manila electric plant) in Quiapo and cut the electrical supply to Manila, which would be the signal for the others to attack. Once Manila was thrown to darkness, the plan was to lure the Spanish troops from Intramuros towards vital water installations in Rotonda in Sampaloc, <i>El Deposito</i> in <a href="/wiki/San_Juan,_Metro_Manila" title="San Juan, Metro Manila">San Juan del Monte</a>, the Balara filter station, and the <a href="/wiki/Marikina" title="Marikina">Marikina</a> main water supply. These installations were threatened to be sabotaged by the Katipunan revolutionaries.<sup id="cite_ref-stories_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stories-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Spanish troops would be engaged by General Bernardo forces. Forces in Cavite under <a href="/wiki/Emilio_Aguinaldo" title="Emilio Aguinaldo">Emilio Aguinaldo</a>, together with those under General del Rosario, would then attack Intramuros which would be lacking troops for defense. These forces attacking Intramuros would be helped by revolutionaries that infiltrated into Regiment 70 (<i>Regimiento de Magallanes numero 70</i>), the only regiment concentrated for the defense of Manila as well as the rest of Luzon. The regiment numbered around 2,300 troops in Manila, of which more than 85% were composed of integrated natives.<sup id="cite_ref-stories_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stories-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also according to plan, the Katipuneros would be spreading false news to create confusion among the Manila population. Rumors would include a Japanese takeover of Manila, or the Japanese ordering the native revolutionaries to occupy Manila for them or a Korean takeover by the newly established <a href="/wiki/Korean_Empire" title="Korean Empire">Korean Empire</a> or pro-Korean Filipinos occupying Manila for the Koreans.<sup id="cite_ref-stories_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stories-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Battle">Battle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Manila_(1896)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before the plan was to be put to action one Katipunan member Teodoro Patiño, known for his talkativeness, revealed the existence of the revolutionary organization to a Spanish priest named Mariano Gil, who then reported it to the local authorities as revenge for grave misunderstandings with fellow <i>Katipunero</i> Apolonio de la Cruz. As a result, the Spanish troops were warned of the attack and forced the Katipunan from the city. Protracted warfare soon escalated, with the battles of <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pasong_Tamo" title="Battle of Pasong Tamo">Pasong Tamo</a> (August 28–29, 1896) and of <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Juan_del_Monte" title="Battle of San Juan del Monte">San Juan del Monte</a> (August 30, 1896). </p><p>Overall, the attack on Manila did not take place as Bonifacio planned. General Fernandez failed to launch the signal from the electric plant. The Katipuneros did not even reach the plant. Without the signal to coordinate the attack, the revolutionaries in Manila and Cavite went on their own battles. Despite this lack of coordination and contact among forces, Bonifacio commanding some 800 (or according to the Spanish, 300) still led the attack on Manila. His force was repulsed after the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Juan_del_Monte" title="Battle of San Juan del Monte">Battle of San Juan del Monte</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-stories_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stories-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following Bonifacio's failed attempt in San Juan, Katipuneros in the area, particularly in the towns of <a href="/wiki/Pasig" title="Pasig">Pasig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pateros" title="Pateros">Pateros</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santa_Ana,_Manila" title="Santa Ana, Manila">Santa Ana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taguig" title="Taguig">Tagig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caloocan" title="Caloocan">Kalookan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Makati" title="Makati">San Pedro de Macati</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mandaluyong" title="Mandaluyong">Mandaluyong</a> began simultaneous attacks on Spanish installments.<sup id="cite_ref-malacanang_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-malacanang-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Majority of these attacks failed due to the Katipuneros' lack of arms. The most successful uprising was led by the Pasig Katipuneros under Valentin Cruz. On Saturday, August 29, some 2,000 Pasiguenos met at the border of barrios Maybunga and Caniogan, marched towards the plaza, and took over the headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/Guardia_Civil" class="mw-redirect" title="Guardia Civil">Guardia Civil</a> and the municipal hall. This event is now commemorated as "<i>Nagsabado sa Pasig</i>".<sup id="cite_ref-roquebutuyan_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roquebutuyan-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other notable uprisings occurred outside of Manila in the eight surrounding provinces of <a href="/wiki/Cavite" title="Cavite">Cavite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laguna_(province)" title="Laguna (province)">Laguna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulacan" title="Bulacan">Bulacan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Manila" class="mw-redirect" title="Province of Manila">Province of Manila</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tarlac" title="Tarlac">Tarlac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pampanga" title="Pampanga">Pampanga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Batangas" title="Batangas">Batangas</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nueva_Ecija" title="Nueva Ecija">Nueva Ecija</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Manila_(1896)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bonifacio had sparked an uprising bigger than any other previous uprising in the Tagalog-Pampango provinces.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> His "Revolt of the Masses"<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> inspired more Filipinos to begin their struggle for freedom from Spain. This revolt in Manila, though only lasting a week before Bonifacio and his men were reduced to guerilla warfare, led to the arrests and executions of thousands of upper-class Filipinos who were suspected of having Katipunan ties.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Bagumbayan, now known as <a href="/wiki/Luneta" class="mw-redirect" title="Luneta">Luneta</a>, became a killing field, culminating in the execution of <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Rizal" title="José Rizal">José Rizal</a> at the park in December 1896. </p><p>Emilio Aguinaldo would use a similar plan when his revolutionary forces surrounded Manila from four fronts in June 1898 during the <a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a>. This planned attack culminated in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_(1898)" title="Battle of Manila (1898)">Battle of Manila</a> of 1898.<sup id="cite_ref-Manila,_My_Manila_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Manila,_My_Manila-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Manila_(1896)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For information about asserted connection between these particular eight provinces and the eight rays on the Philippine Flag, see the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Philippines" title="Flag of the Philippines">Flag of the Philippines</a> article.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Manila_(1896)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-stories-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-stories_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stories_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stories_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stories_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stories_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stories_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBascara2002" class="citation book cs1">Bascara, Cornelio (2002). <i>Stories from the Margins</i>. UST Publishing House. pp. 143–147.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Stories+from+the+Margins&rft.pages=143-147&rft.pub=UST+Publishing+House&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Bascara&rft.aufirst=Cornelio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Manila+%281896%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Alvarez-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Alvarez_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alvarez, S.V., 1992, Recalling the Revolution, Madison: Center for Southeast Asia Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-881261-05-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-881261-05-0">1-881261-05-0</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-malacanang-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-malacanang_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304033124/http://malacanang.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/map-1-1896-for-web.jpg">"Image: map-1-1896-for-web.jpg, (2400 × 2789 px)"</a>. malacanang.gov.ph. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://malacanang.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/map-1-1896-for-web.jpg">the original</a> on March 4, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 1,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Image%3A+map-1-1896-for-web.jpg%2C+%282400+%C3%97+2789+px%29&rft.pub=malacanang.gov.ph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmalacanang.gov.ph%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fmap-1-1896-for-web.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Manila+%281896%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-roquebutuyan-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-roquebutuyan_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFM_Reyes_Roque" class="citation web cs1">M Reyes Roque. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090629132555/http://www.roquebutuyan.com/mypigafetta/history3.html">"History of Pasig"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.roquebutuyan.com/mypigafetta/history3.html">the original</a> on June 29, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 1,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+Pasig&rft.au=M+Reyes+Roque&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.roquebutuyan.com%2Fmypigafetta%2Fhistory3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Manila+%281896%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sCxwAAAAMAAJ">A question of heroes</a></i> at <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Manila,_My_Manila-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Manila,_My_Manila_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoaquin,_Nick1990" class="citation book cs1">Joaquin, Nick (1990). <i>Manila, My Manila</i>. Vera-Reyes, Inc.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manila%2C+My+Manila&rft.pub=Vera-Reyes%2C+Inc.&rft.date=1990&rft.au=Joaquin%2C+Nick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Manila+%281896%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Philippine_Revolution" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div 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</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concurrent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cry_of_Pugad_Lawin" title="Cry of Pugad Lawin">Cry of Pugad Lawin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonifacio_Plan" class="mw-redirect" title="Bonifacio Plan">Bonifacio Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagalog_Republic#Bonifacio" title="Tagalog Republic">Katagalugan (Bonifacio)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampanga_in_the_Philippine_Revolution" title="Pampanga in the Philippine Revolution">Kapampangan Counterrevolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imus_Assembly" title="Imus Assembly">Imus Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tejeros_Convention" title="Tejeros Convention">Tejeros Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Biak-na-Bato" title="Republic of Biak-na-Bato">Republic of Biak-na-Bato</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1897_Philippine_Supreme_Council_elections" title="1897 Philippine Supreme Council elections">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pact_of_Biak-na-Bato" title="Pact of Biak-na-Bato">Pact</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Junta" title="Hong Kong Junta">Hong Kong Junta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dictatorial_Government_of_the_Philippines" title="Dictatorial Government of the Philippines">Dictatorial Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Government_of_the_Philippines_(1898%E2%80%931899)" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary Government of the Philippines (1898–1899)">Revolutionary Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Philippine Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malolos_Congress" title="Malolos Congress">Malolos Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Philippine_Republic" title="First Philippine Republic">First Philippine Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Revolution" title="Negros Revolution">Negros Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Negros" title="Republic of Negros">Republic of Negros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_State_of_the_Visayas" title="Federal State of the Visayas">Federal State of the Visayas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Zamboanga" title="Republic of Zamboanga">Republic of Zamboanga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Epilogue</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1898)" title="Treaty of Paris (1898)">Treaty of Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine%E2%80%93American_War" title="Philippine–American War">Philippine–American War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagalog_Republic#Sakay" title="Tagalog Republic">Katagalugan (Sakay)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moro_Rebellion" title="Moro Rebellion">Moro Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jones_Law_(Philippines)" title="Jones Law (Philippines)">Philippine Autonomy Act of 1916</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_the_Philippines" title="Commonwealth of the Philippines">Commonwealth of the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Manila_(1946)" title="Treaty of Manila (1946)">Treaty of Manila</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Anti-Imperialist_League" title="American Anti-Imperialist League">American Anti-Imperialist League</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Independent_Church" title="Philippine Independent Church">Iglesia Filipina Independiente</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katipunan" title="Katipunan">Katipunan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Liga_Filipina" title="La Liga Filipina">La Liga Filipina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magdalo_(faction)" title="Magdalo (faction)">Magdalo faction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magdiwang_(faction)" title="Magdiwang (faction)">Magdiwang faction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Constabulary" title="Philippine Constabulary">Philippine Constabulary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Revolutionary_Army" title="Philippine Revolutionary Army">Philippine Revolutionary Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulahan" title="Pulahan">Pulajanes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Documents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/El_filibusterismo" title="El filibusterismo">El filibusterismo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kartilya_ng_Katipunan" title="Kartilya ng Katipunan">Kartilya ng Katipunan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malolos_Constitution" title="Malolos Constitution">Malolos Constitution</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Mi_%C3%BAltimo_adi%C3%B3s" title="Mi último adiós">Mi último adiós</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Noli_Me_T%C3%A1ngere_(novel)" title="Noli Me Tángere (novel)">Noli Me Tángere</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Pact_of_Biak-na-Bato" title="Pact of Biak-na-Bato">Pact of Biak-na-Bato</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Solidaridad" title="La Solidaridad">La Solidaridad</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flags_of_the_Philippine_Revolution" title="Flags of the Philippine Revolution">Flags of the Philippine Revolution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evolution_of_the_Philippine_Flag" title="Evolution of the Philippine Flag">"Evolution of the Philippine Flag" set</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Philippines" title="Flag of the Philippines">Flag of the Philippines</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Lupang_Hinirang" title="Lupang Hinirang">Marcha nacional filipina</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spoliarium" title="Spoliarium">Spoliarium</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="metadata coord-missing"></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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