CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" class="wf-loading"> <head prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns# fb: https://ogp.me/ns/fb# academia: https://ogp.me/ns/fb/academia#"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <title>Sophie Parks - Academia.edu</title>  <link href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-production.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-194x194.png" sizes="194x194"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <script> window.performance && window.performance.measure && window.performance.measure("Time To First Byte", "requestStart", "responseStart"); </script> <script> (function() { if (!window.URLSearchParams || !window.history || !window.history.replaceState) { return; } var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search); var paramsToDelete = [ 'fs', 'sm', 'swp', 'iid', 'nbs', 'rcc', // related content category 'rcpos', // related content carousel position 'rcpg', // related carousel page 'rchid', // related content hit id 'f_ri', // research interest id, for SEO tracking 'f_fri', // featured research interest, for SEO tracking (param key without value) 'f_rid', // from research interest directory for SEO tracking 'f_loswp', // from research interest pills on LOSWP sidebar for SEO tracking 'rhid', // referrring hit id ]; if (paramsToDelete.every((key) => searchParams.get(key) === null)) { return; } paramsToDelete.forEach((key) => { searchParams.delete(key); }); var cleanUrl = new URL(window.location.href); cleanUrl.search = searchParams.toString(); history.replaceState({}, document.title, cleanUrl); })(); </script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "profiles/works", 'action': "summary", 'controller_action': 'profiles/works#summary', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.sendUserTiming = function(timingName) { if (!(window.performance && window.performance.measure)) return; var entries = window.performance.getEntriesByName(timingName, "measure"); if (entries.length !== 1) return; var timingValue = Math.round(entries[0].duration); gtag('event', 'timing_complete', { name: timingName, value: timingValue, event_category: 'User-centric', }); }; window.sendUserTiming("Time To First Byte"); </script> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="6fLf3IBVN_Q9ZI_7nFVSDmUOpNBLPbJ8QBF5P382QikJkJnrG8eLEdEcizwhD3Qd5bat98ppTTsVwbUypEmO7Q" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow-3d36c19b4875b226bfed0fcba1dcea3f2fe61148383d97c0465c016b8c969290.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/social/home-79e78ce59bef0a338eb6540ec3d93b4a7952115b56c57f1760943128f4544d42.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/heading-95367dc03b794f6737f30123738a886cf53b7a65cdef98a922a98591d60063e3.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-bfbac2a470372e2f3a6661a65fa7ff0a0fbf7aa32534d9a831d683d2a6f9e01b.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-170d1319f0e354621e81ca17054bb147da2856ec0702fe440a99af314a6338c5.css" /><link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/common-2b6f90dbd75f5941bc38f4ad716615f3ac449e7398313bb3bc225fba451cd9fa.css" /> <meta name="author" content="sophie parks" /> <meta name="description" content="Sophie Parks: 15 Followers, 1 Following, 49 Research papers. Research interests: Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Plant Stress Physiology, and…" /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs" /> <script> var $controller_name = 'works'; var $action_name = "summary"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = 'b092bf3a3df71cf13feee7c143e83a57eb6b94fb'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.Aedu = { hit_data: null }; window.Aedu.SiteStats = {"premium_universities_count":14016,"monthly_visitors":"99 million","monthly_visitor_count":99567017,"monthly_visitor_count_in_millions":99,"user_count":283022430,"paper_count":55203019,"paper_count_in_millions":55,"page_count":432000000,"page_count_in_millions":432,"pdf_count":16500000,"pdf_count_in_millions":16}; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1739831313000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1739831313000; window.Aedu.isUsingCssV1 = false; window.Aedu.enableLocalization = true; window.Aedu.activateFullstory = false; window.Aedu.serviceAvailability = { status: {"attention_db":"on","bibliography_db":"on","contacts_db":"on","email_db":"on","indexability_db":"on","mentions_db":"on","news_db":"on","notifications_db":"on","offsite_mentions_db":"on","redshift":"on","redshift_exports_db":"on","related_works_db":"on","ring_db":"on","user_tests_db":"on"}, serviceEnabled: function(service) { return this.status[service] === "on"; }, readEnabled: function(service) { return this.serviceEnabled(service) || this.status[service] === "read_only"; }, }; window.Aedu.viewApmTrace = function() { // Check if x-apm-trace-id meta tag is set, and open the trace in APM // in a new window if it is. var apmTraceId = document.head.querySelector('meta[name="x-apm-trace-id"]'); if (apmTraceId) { var traceId = apmTraceId.content; // Use trace ID to construct URL, an example URL looks like: // https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%31298410148923562634 var apmUrl = 'https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%3A' + traceId; window.open(apmUrl, '_blank'); } }; </script>  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:100,100i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i,900,900i" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="preload" href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" as="style" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/libraries-a9675dcb01ec4ef6aa807ba772c7a5a00c1820d3ff661c1038a20f80d06bb4e4.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/academia-40698df34f913bd208bb70f09d2feb7c6286046250be17a4db35bba2c08b0e2f.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system_legacy-056a9113b9a0f5343d013b29ee1929d5a18be35fdcdceb616600b4db8bd20054.css" /> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/runtime-bundle-005434038af4252ca37c527588411a3d6a0eabb5f727fac83f8bbe7fd88d93bb.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/webpack_libraries_and_infrequently_changed.wjs-bundle-a22f75d8519394c21253dae46c8c5d60ad36ea68c7d494347ec64229d8c1cf85.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/core_webpack.wjs-bundle-5708a105dd66b4c7d0ef30b7c094b1048423f0042bd2a7b123f2d99ee3cf46d9.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/sentry.wjs-bundle-5fe03fddca915c8ba0f7edbe64c194308e8ce5abaed7bffe1255ff37549c4808.js"></script> <script> jade = window.jade || {}; jade.helpers = window.$h; jade._ = window._; </script>  <script id="tag-manager-head-root">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer_old','GTM-5G9JF7Z');</script>  <script> window.gptadslots = []; window.googletag = window.googletag || {}; window.googletag.cmd = window.googletag.cmd || []; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // TODO(jacob): This should be defined, may be rare load order problem. // Checking if null is just a quick fix, will default to en if unset. // Better fix is to run this immedietely after I18n is set. if (window.I18n != null) { I18n.defaultLocale = "en"; I18n.locale = "en"; I18n.fallbacks = true; } </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks" /> </head>   <body class='c-profiles/works a-summary logged_out'>  <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script><script>window.fbAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function if (window.FB) { return; } (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); } if (!window.defer_facebook) { // Autoload if not deferred window.fbAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.fbAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script><script>window.googleAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function (function(d) { var js; var id = 'google-jssdk'; var ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.onload = loadGoogle; js.src = "https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client" ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); }(document)); } if (!window.defer_google) { // Autoload if not deferred window.googleAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.googleAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="tag-manager-body-root">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5G9JF7Z" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>   <script> window.addEventListener('load', function() { if (document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]')) { document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]').addEventListener('click', function() { gtag('event', 'click', { event_category: 'button', event_label: 'Log In' }) }) } }); </script> </div> <script>var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "26766707" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })();</script><img src="https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=26766707&cv=2.0&cj=1" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden" /> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class='DesignSystem'> <a class='u-showOnFocus' href='#site'> Skip to main content </a> </div> <div id="upgrade_ie_banner" style="display: none;"><p>Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p>To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to <a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.getElementById('upgrade_ie_banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="DesignSystem bootstrap ShrinkableNav"><div class="navbar navbar-default main-header"><div class="container-wrapper" id="main-header-container"><div class="container"><div class="navbar-header"><div class="nav-left-wrapper u-mt0x"><div class="nav-logo"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="visible-xs-inline-block" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hidden-xs" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a></div><div class="nav-search"><div class="SiteSearch-wrapper select2-no-default-pills"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form DesignSystem" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><i class="SiteSearch-icon fa fa-search u-fw700 u-positionAbsolute u-tcGrayDark"></i><input class="js-SiteSearch-form-input SiteSearch-form-input form-control" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" value="" /></form></div></div></div><div class="nav-right-wrapper pull-right"><ul class="NavLinks js-main-nav list-unstyled"><li class="NavLinks-link"><a class="js-header-login-url Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" id="nav_log_in" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="NavLinks-link u-p0x"><a class="Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li></ul><button class="hidden-lg hidden-md hidden-sm u-ml4x navbar-toggle collapsed" data-target=".js-mobile-header-links" data-toggle="collapse" type="button"><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></button></div></div><div class="collapse navbar-collapse js-mobile-header-links"><ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"><a href="#">more&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li><li><ul class="js-mobile-nav-expand-section nav navbar-nav u-m0x collapse"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><i class="fa fa-briefcase"></i> We're Hiring!</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i> Help Center</a></li><li class="js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 dropup" style="display:none"><a href="#">less&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><script>(function(){ var $moreLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"); var $lessLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger"); var $section = $('.js-mobile-nav-expand-section'); $moreLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.hide(); $lessLink.show(); $section.collapse('show'); }); $lessLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.show(); $lessLink.hide(); $section.collapse('hide'); }); })() if ($a.is_logged_in() || false) { new Aedu.NavigationController({ el: '.js-main-nav', showHighlightedNotification: false }); } else { $(".js-header-login-url").attr("href", $a.loginUrlWithRedirect()); } Aedu.autocompleteSearch = new AutocompleteSearch({el: '.js-SiteSearch-form'});</script></div></div> <div id='site' class='fixed'> <div id="content" class="clearfix"> <script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){ var $dismissible = $(".dismissible_banner"); $dismissible.click(function(ev) { $dismissible.hide(); }); });</script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/profile.wjs-bundle-c0b60aedadfb9d46b698730fbbcb2e70645c886b405d825adeba3a031c02455d.js" defer="defer"></script><script>$viewedUser = Aedu.User.set_viewed( {"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png","has_photo":false,"is_analytics_public":false,"interests":[{"id":103011,"name":"Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biotechnology_and_Molecular_Biology"},{"id":20284,"name":"Plant Stress Physiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Stress_Physiology"},{"id":347959,"name":"Mineral Nutrition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mineral_Nutrition"},{"id":20290,"name":"Abiotic Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abiotic_Stress"},{"id":16580,"name":"Plant Physiology (Biology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Physiology_Biology_"}]} ); if ($a.is_logged_in() && $viewedUser.is_current_user()) { $('body').addClass('profile-viewed-by-owner'); } $socialProfiles = []</script><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks","location":"/SophieParks","scheme":"https","host":"independent.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/SophieParks","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate" data-props="{}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-ed2fafdc-23d9-4868-8c4a-25a26685635c"></div> <div id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-ed2fafdc-23d9-4868-8c4a-25a26685635c"></div> <div class="DesignSystem"><div class="onsite-ping" id="onsite-ping"></div></div><div class="profile-user-info DesignSystem"><div class="social-profile-container"><div class="left-panel-container"><div class="user-info-component-wrapper"><div class="user-summary-cta-container"><div class="user-summary-container"><div class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" border="0" alt="" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">Sophie Parks</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="Sophie" data-follow-user-id="32619783" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">add</span>Follow</button><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-unfollow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.unfollow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-unfollow-button" data-unfollow-user-id="32619783"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">done</span>Following</button></div></div><div class="user-stats-container"><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followers"><p class="label">Followers</p><p class="data">15</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followees" data-broccoli-component="user-info.followees-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-following"><p class="label">Following</p><p class="data">1</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-coauthors" data-broccoli-component="user-info.coauthors-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-coauthors"><p class="label">Co-author</p><p class="data">1</p></div></a><div class="js-mentions-count-container" style="display: none;"><a href="/SophieParks/mentions"><div class="stat-container"><p class="label">Mentions</p><p class="data"></p></div></a></div><span><div class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="suggested-academics-container"><div class="suggested-academics--header"><p class="ds2-5-body-md-bold">Related Authors</p></div><ul class="suggested-user-card-list"><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/AHamidon"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" border="0" alt="" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AHamidon">Azimah Hamidon</a></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/MinhNguyen724"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" border="0" alt="" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MinhNguyen724">Minh Nguyen</a></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/SylviaUrban"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" border="0" alt="" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SylviaUrban">Sylvia Urban</a></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/BhalangSuriharn"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Bhalang Suriharn" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/142194975/154652277/144269429/s200_bhalang.suriharn.jpeg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BhalangSuriharn">Bhalang Suriharn</a></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://ulb.academia.edu/fdebaste"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Frédéric Debaste" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/159073/40922/6346337/s200_fr_d_ric.debaste.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://ulb.academia.edu/fdebaste">Frédéric Debaste</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Université libre de Bruxelles</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/IJERTORG"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="IJERT Journal" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/109571315/46811946/36059547/s200_ijert.journal.png" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IJERTORG">IJERT Journal</a></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/tandonkhushboo"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" border="0" alt="" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://independent.academia.edu/tandonkhushboo">khushboo tandon</a></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/abiramiarumugam"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Abirami Arumugam" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/653136/174493138/164520316/s200_abirami.arumugam.jpeg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://independent.academia.edu/abiramiarumugam">Abirami Arumugam</a></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://bsmrau.academia.edu/JHassan"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Jahidul Hassan" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/152462178/146355076/135896199/s200_jahidul.hassan.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://bsmrau.academia.edu/JHassan">Jahidul Hassan</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/JournalofAppliedHorticulture"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Journal of Applied Horticulture" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/51070011/13529163/14707521/s200_journal_of.applied_horticulture.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JournalofAppliedHorticulture">Journal of Applied Horticulture</a></div></div></ul></div><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32619783" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biotechnology_and_Molecular_Biology"><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks","location":"/SophieParks","scheme":"https","host":"independent.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/SophieParks","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-206d31c8-74bc-4406-b3fb-99fa292e6928"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-206d31c8-74bc-4406-b3fb-99fa292e6928"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32619783" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Stress_Physiology"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Plant Stress Physiology"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-fc2d9e20-3886-424f-9e4a-57f85ef18fe2"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-fc2d9e20-3886-424f-9e4a-57f85ef18fe2"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32619783" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mineral_Nutrition"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Mineral Nutrition"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-32f4a1ad-73ed-41b0-90f7-9b2a50d8490d"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-32f4a1ad-73ed-41b0-90f7-9b2a50d8490d"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32619783" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abiotic_Stress"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Abiotic Stress"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-b7188bf7-d856-4801-b630-48b2ae1d7a24"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-b7188bf7-d856-4801-b630-48b2ae1d7a24"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32619783" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Physiology_Biology_"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Plant Physiology (Biology)"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-f965572b-e9b4-4332-98ed-8a59f72759c3"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-f965572b-e9b4-4332-98ed-8a59f72759c3"></div> </a></div></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Sophie Parks</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77502011"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77502011/Propagation_and_Production_of_Gac_Momordica_Cochinchinensis_SPRENG_a_Greenhouse_Case_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Propagation and Production of Gac (Momordica Cochinchinensis SPRENG.), a Greenhouse Case Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84850905/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77502011/Propagation_and_Production_of_Gac_Momordica_Cochinchinensis_SPRENG_a_Greenhouse_Case_Study">Propagation and Production of Gac (Momordica Cochinchinensis SPRENG.), a Greenhouse Case Study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Experimental Agriculture</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">SUMMARYGreater cultivation of the underutilised Gac fruit, Momordica cochinchinensis, by poorly r...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">SUMMARYGreater cultivation of the underutilised Gac fruit, Momordica cochinchinensis, by poorly resourced householders and farmers would potentially improve livelihoods, and, on a larger scale, meet the increasing demand for Gac as a health product. Cultivation methods need to be developed to suit small- and large-scale production and must consider the unpredictable ratio of male to female plants grown from seed, and slow growth induced by cool temperatures. In this study, we examined the responses of Gac to propagation and protected cropping techniques to identify potential methods for increasing production. Plants germinated from seed in seed-raising mix under warm and humid conditions were grown hydroponically to maturity in a climate-controlled greenhouse during a temperate winter, producing fruits that were harvested ripe, from 44 weeks after sowing. Cuttings taken from female plants were dipped in indole-3-butyric rooting hormone powder or gel, or were left untreated, and then...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a5deee596e8748ed1a50d2785e7020d0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":84850905,"asset_id":77502011,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84850905/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77502011"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77502011"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77502011; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77502011]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77502011]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77502011; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77502011']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a5deee596e8748ed1a50d2785e7020d0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77502011]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77502011,"title":"Propagation and Production of Gac (Momordica Cochinchinensis SPRENG.), a Greenhouse Case Study","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77502011/Propagation_and_Production_of_Gac_Momordica_Cochinchinensis_SPRENG_a_Greenhouse_Case_Study","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":84850905,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84850905/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"f21de28221b0c3e785030b6ca14a45067e47.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84850905/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Propagation_and_Production_of_Gac_Momord.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/84850905/f21de28221b0c3e785030b6ca14a45067e47-libre.pdf?1650890491=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPropagation_and_Production_of_Gac_Momord.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=V44ADDLqTmtGfpEdW5fumIiYaXT-ZdD8p4U~z1y-psKg1eR548MgHdIQpb~kH7GI~06oqRvkztPG7I0RojX7h-jjA4rERc~ubuefGm7KIFH7vAFAh69xrnxLgSkA0JRFEcpBEvKjakUkF8xoGD-aGYyhFA3WZ9~vrRiBJ4U~KVBDT5Gdu5c6Z3-cPcOWRZW-WwQ94Evw2oEMrW2nbZGsQxl8LNjFPM8nYEi~uWDtxLhSpDaimBga7H~K3AcW98ubtcH3l~3mMS8sd1I7liifYV4HFTyZicdh6cLlIkzzJFBMToHeWr4m4yXhAcQGSSh~MyX2Bg8nnKOVmAWXtc5u~g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70075225"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/70075225/Article_An_Optimised_Aqueous_Extract_of_Phenolic_Compounds_from_Bitter_Melon_with_High_Antioxidant_Capacity"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Article An Optimised Aqueous Extract of Phenolic Compounds from Bitter Melon with High Antioxidant Capacity" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/79947217/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/70075225/Article_An_Optimised_Aqueous_Extract_of_Phenolic_Compounds_from_Bitter_Melon_with_High_Antioxidant_Capacity">Article An Optimised Aqueous Extract of Phenolic Compounds from Bitter Melon with High Antioxidant Capacity</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) is a tropical fruit claimed to have medicinal properties as...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) is a tropical fruit claimed to have medicinal properties associated with its content of phenolic compounds (TPC). The aim of the study was to compare water with several organic solvents (acetone, butanol, methanol and 80% ethanol) for its efficiency at extracting the TPC from freeze-dried bitter melon powder. The TPC of the extracts was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and their antioxidant capacity (AC) was evaluated using three assays. Before optimisation, the TPC and AC of the aqueous extract were 63% and 20% lower, respectively, than for the best organic solvent, 80% ethanol. However, after optimising for temperature (80 °C), time (5 min), water-to-powder ratio (40:1 mL/g), particle size (1 mm) and the number of extractions of the same sample (1×), the TPC and the AC of the aqueous extract were equal or higher than for 80% ethanol. Furthermore, less solvent (40 mL water/g) and less time (5 min) were needed than was used for the 80% ethanol extract (100 mL/g for 1 h). Therefore, this study provides evidence to recommend the use of water as the solvent of choice for the extraction of the phenolic compounds and their associated antioxidant activities from bitter melon.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="eed6db484a54c5933699689bbd7870d4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":79947217,"asset_id":70075225,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79947217/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70075225"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70075225"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70075225; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70075225]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70075225]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70075225; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70075225']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "eed6db484a54c5933699689bbd7870d4" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70075225]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70075225,"title":"Article An Optimised Aqueous Extract of Phenolic Compounds from Bitter Melon with High Antioxidant Capacity","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70075225/Article_An_Optimised_Aqueous_Extract_of_Phenolic_Compounds_from_Bitter_Melon_with_High_Antioxidant_Capacity","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":79947217,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/79947217/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"antioxidants-03-00814.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79947217/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Article_An_Optimised_Aqueous_Extract_of.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/79947217/antioxidants-03-00814-libre.pdf?1643581833=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DArticle_An_Optimised_Aqueous_Extract_of.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=ExXnPBQW5uQNn9Ei55ETwxvduo4dmXlTYE7ML9~odrWXKRAY4Xn5nChJYlM7fS6GrpNCuU-U~-L1i8pgvITARVx8UKYRVokrwNlyeHHmOXB7e9xZGiXfE2c4M3t7Hdtu2~C10jghjrZE13NigtL5QocTo4QPUBDFOJGI2-9Np4qFx7nLfodN7-988-6Y9Q~dfr4UQw3Y3YJ3t7HfH74MEucYf14vCXOk3Z-L~YRcQFNxYjGpqtrTH1LB4k3bnkMwM9HxHL7pLRWGtszqvN-I8cg8tYj3g5ZD0rSQLZYM-ITKoH21tH~5il8osp6teHvRyrcQPaIdICm~OGdb7j6VTw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70075224"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/70075224/Nutrient_management_of_Asian_vegetables"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Nutrient management of Asian vegetables" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/79947159/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/70075224/Nutrient_management_of_Asian_vegetables">Nutrient management of Asian vegetables</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This project has been funded by HAL using the vegetables industry levy and matched funds from the...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This project has been funded by HAL using the vegetables industry levy and matched funds from the Federal Government The purpose of this report is to pass on information concerning the nutrient management of Asian vegetables in production. Disclaimer Any recommendations contained in this publication do not necessarily represent current HAL Limited policy. No person should act on the basis of the contents of this publication, whether as to matters of fact or opinion or other content, without first obtaining specific, independent professional advice in respect of the matters set out in this publication.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3c00494e5b5b015d0218ddd06e2d41f8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":79947159,"asset_id":70075224,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79947159/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70075224"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70075224"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70075224; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70075224]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70075224]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70075224; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70075224']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3c00494e5b5b015d0218ddd06e2d41f8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70075224]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70075224,"title":"Nutrient management of Asian vegetables","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70075224/Nutrient_management_of_Asian_vegetables","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":79947159,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/79947159/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"VG07153.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79947159/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Nutrient_management_of_Asian_vegetables.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/79947159/VG07153-libre.pdf?1643581837=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNutrient_management_of_Asian_vegetables.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=S3OquexOS~IQGeaV02csMIdYXtTHIHRmAW8lMVQmrYHIOdYEnGdza1Gmd1NRZ4ecbRAxT-NiYAlvYby9xJSnhzIy8pHUer2u6UN6w3Ru0-6nG9S-OT9ufq213RTsNwf~jehy-miy7OgjKKhj0cS~t-B-hrxWswn92GR06BnHEtEt66iSXD4siWyeiT3JqJUDWrDtz-2eS8N1R7Rpomg~XBozhDYAogL-AlHKUgk5QyEA11tlMPS6LvBd76g4SO-BvPDPfRbv~cT3s0PPFZhexvk8n4vFUKz5AAPpjy~9u-TikagGVZbnj2fXID0hlOLQnju6kyUzcviekTqj02N1YQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":79947160,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/79947160/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"VG07153.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79947160/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Nutrient_management_of_Asian_vegetables.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/79947160/VG07153-libre.pdf?1643581837=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNutrient_management_of_Asian_vegetables.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=U1l7zZxXmSrwjdJRnGhFICtrJ2rPseoTskELFEuxv0W893S-rIpaZ09fMS47oBVVcIDj9HGkw-2EepYC2U0BsaImJhwgyvBoTR5u4tY-luO73C91m658YPmW4njdlvNSyd1pHMe0NjCWYMuRPMOSu14Q1-DourWveJn1s-lPSim-a0oC-b-WSqnAz7FDS7uHiBTCfharcHRiFIz53ydy-MMtDpjYV3NbA989nd5o3Vya91pUJkaMzoCF49ogRVS~ejSE6Mebkh8MlbHj9xQvyOxSNGoaRdWDoJlWAa94s4cF-CMBZY3Js5Tt4hAtufnNp7OSgySpE~U0VDxO1UjfUw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70075223"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70075223/Bringing_blueberries_into_protection"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Bringing blueberries into protection" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70075223/Bringing_blueberries_into_protection">Bringing blueberries into protection</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The commercial blueberry industry in Australia produces 6000 tonnes of blueberries annually, repr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The commercial blueberry industry in Australia produces 6000 tonnes of blueberries annually, representing a farmgate value of A$120 million. However, production levels currently do not meet demand. The industry stands to gain from ongoing development, including protected cropping, to provide consistent production of high quality blueberries to consumers.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70075223"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70075223"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70075223; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70075223]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70075223]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70075223; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70075223']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70075223]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70075223,"title":"Bringing blueberries into protection","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70075223/Bringing_blueberries_into_protection","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70075222"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70075222/Nutrient_and_disease_relationships"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Nutrient and disease relationships" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70075222/Nutrient_and_disease_relationships">Nutrient and disease relationships</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Practical Hydroponics and Greenhouses</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">At the recent Hydroponic Farmers Federation conference held in Malwala, NSW, plant scientists Drs...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">At the recent Hydroponic Farmers Federation conference held in Malwala, NSW, plant scientists Drs Sophie Parks and Len Tesoriero outlined how diseases impact on plant nutrition. They reinforced that knowledge of this relationship provides an appreciation of the importance of good crop management in disease prevention.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70075222"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70075222"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70075222; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70075222]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70075222]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70075222; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70075222']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70075222]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70075222,"title":"Nutrient and disease relationships","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70075222/Nutrient_and_disease_relationships","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70075187"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/70075187/Assessing_the_potential_for_a_gac_Cochinchin_gourd_industry_in_Australia"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Assessing the potential for a gac (Cochinchin gourd) industry in Australia" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/79947106/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/70075187/Assessing_the_potential_for_a_gac_Cochinchin_gourd_industry_in_Australia">Assessing the potential for a gac (Cochinchin gourd) industry in Australia</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The authors would particularly like to acknowledge and thank the people who kindly took on the ch...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The authors would particularly like to acknowledge and thank the people who kindly took on the challenge of growing this curious crop including</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3ff5ea2e01c58cb164c3a1280c42f6ac" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":79947106,"asset_id":70075187,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79947106/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70075187"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70075187"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70075187; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70075187]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70075187]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70075187; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70075187']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3ff5ea2e01c58cb164c3a1280c42f6ac" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70075187]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70075187,"title":"Assessing the potential for a gac (Cochinchin gourd) industry in Australia","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70075187/Assessing_the_potential_for_a_gac_Cochinchin_gourd_industry_in_Australia","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":79947106,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/79947106/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"view.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79947106/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Assessing_the_potential_for_a_gac_Cochin.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/79947106/view-libre.pdf?1643581845=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAssessing_the_potential_for_a_gac_Cochin.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=Ra8utdRrDwAwzRkpy-Ijrm7leEU5JhRSq6V98z3GzN04RwMxuAkCJAF1KEaAcexoPgM2IuePeHm1Sh~3wUEl2hUuH-6smBwcLIIkkTw53i2huNf9h8xuC6mQzvdn2RiZ~UekxcxrlJH4d95~S2CBI01oGVi1F4vmWLWbDDF9lGW9bTuAWIJCNp3C~knoife8JL~u2MpxGy2m~HFKtmhicXos~Q4Gzd~c8ZpEOpjEwH2ZQk9JJwhJDmZfUNtRxR6no9WGZQOzvxUPCQlhPvpzu7r~Rt9M26cfkE6fjT2nSvyyBIiscop7HFm2-c45ZNvBaszfq3TLQtHlMINBFhunaQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":79947107,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/79947107/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"view.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79947107/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Assessing_the_potential_for_a_gac_Cochin.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/79947107/view-libre.pdf?1643581844=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAssessing_the_potential_for_a_gac_Cochin.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=Ke6anL2jVOaMKxs3NvnEViwTCttZdKJkJAeZh2pymoP40bM8-0niK0racW-eWgAN4hw~~~NcckV0hRcYnYyl8xURA14GrQMN4LHepGPW4HR3X3mjnaN9P7c99Yp9xeLH-j5k~ZSqbegL6v0muGLHA-tdMR9U9HL-Qj-lvlSsvyTL3j-EQDs6FZaLcMiMxV6SMGQLmcDcY6jGN2FZ7DAlnjIJcJS~DHHxgPQQPgAJUNdojjRpca5UuzuN5YWsyGhWPVKBrL-UzwOIfYEGf2Lv4xMyWGyiNeL1pduG~H3qwHxNHRTpyiTB7kPUVwB7c5hGqe5plcpLboltxrxUWyg~tg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234438"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234438/Use_of_thinners_can_increase_the_fruit_size_of_blueberries_in_an_evergreen_system"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Use of thinners can increase the fruit size of blueberries in an evergreen system" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234438/Use_of_thinners_can_increase_the_fruit_size_of_blueberries_in_an_evergreen_system">Use of thinners can increase the fruit size of blueberries in an evergreen system</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234438"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234438"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234438; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234438]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234438]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234438; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234438']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234438]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234438,"title":"Use of thinners can increase the fruit size of blueberries in an evergreen system","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234438/Use_of_thinners_can_increase_the_fruit_size_of_blueberries_in_an_evergreen_system","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234437"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234437/The_effect_of_protective_covers_on_pollinator_health_and_pollination_service_delivery"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The effect of protective covers on pollinator health and pollination service delivery" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335674/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234437/The_effect_of_protective_covers_on_pollinator_health_and_pollination_service_delivery">The effect of protective covers on pollinator health and pollination service delivery</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="50a2d144a0875c2e97c92bd6e71b918d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335674,"asset_id":61234437,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335674/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234437"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234437"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234437; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234437]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234437]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234437; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234437']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "50a2d144a0875c2e97c92bd6e71b918d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234437]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234437,"title":"The effect of protective covers on pollinator health and pollination service delivery","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234437/The_effect_of_protective_covers_on_pollinator_health_and_pollination_service_delivery","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335674,"title":"","file_type":"txt","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335674/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"PII_S0167880921002607.txt","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335674/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_effect_of_protective_covers_on_polli.txt","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335674/PII_S0167880921002607.txt?1738447387=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_effect_of_protective_covers_on_polli.txt\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=YCebVlgHQc4LfjS3eJTwZxIWG9rypkuHAxphtMWy4Nf~JlhxpOTjhDdPLhNis8K7bLF0hyTARv9RaSCiFdJoXPIHVGO8Jp-omDznZp5NQEd~9XRLp79bHLVGWNLbavKtIwS~EbmaSU55NhX3sDuXpJc1Tp6xYnsLsB7FGdiAPG2plaa8QJ1fbE17YDz3CtQ2Ym~Dqh6WcFBGo-a~AzYCHNEmVx9UCwfUkJ-F8fICfArbjGDixLITMNW0bw6CdCUqHUx1AxVRPB4gL0sWpNTDB8deX0yfLq~mV64ciKPlfJjQsMKFtiMgDci0VKFMxeXSeCtk2Sv5WOw4y9S7vUH8uA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234436"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234436/Reduced_Pollination_Efficiency_Compromises_Some_Physicochemical_Qualities_in_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Spreng_Fruit"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Reduced Pollination Efficiency Compromises Some Physicochemical Qualities in Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) Fruit" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335672/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234436/Reduced_Pollination_Efficiency_Compromises_Some_Physicochemical_Qualities_in_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Spreng_Fruit">Reduced Pollination Efficiency Compromises Some Physicochemical Qualities in Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) Fruit</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Agronomy</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Gac is valued for the nutritious aril surrounding its seed. When pollinators are limited or when ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Gac is valued for the nutritious aril surrounding its seed. When pollinators are limited or when flower sex expression is female-biased, hand pollination is necessary. Here, female flowers were hand pollinated with male flowers or pollen stored for up to 84 days at 4 or −20 °C, and fruit set and some qualities of mature fruit were evaluated. Cool storage reduced pollen viability (germinability and pollen tube length) and compromised fruit set (10–87%) compared with fresh pollen (97%). Fruit weight was also reduced at least by 8%, and oil concentration in aril by 40%. However, the lycopene and β-carotene concentrations in aril were largely uncompromised, and some fruits were of a marketable weight (&gt;1.2 kg) and quality. Cool storage is a low-cost method for the short-term storage of Gac pollen. However, methods for drying pollen to an inactive state need investigation for a storage protocol, and for improvements in fruit set and fruit physicochemical qualities using hand pollination.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c46756384a4980dcc94da569acc29aaf" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335672,"asset_id":61234436,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335672/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234436"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234436"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234436; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234436]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234436]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234436; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234436']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c46756384a4980dcc94da569acc29aaf" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234436]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234436,"title":"Reduced Pollination Efficiency Compromises Some Physicochemical Qualities in Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) Fruit","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234436/Reduced_Pollination_Efficiency_Compromises_Some_Physicochemical_Qualities_in_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Spreng_Fruit","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335672,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335672/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335672/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Reduced_Pollination_Efficiency_Compromis.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335672/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336458=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DReduced_Pollination_Efficiency_Compromis.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=FHCK4Lk0DkifYi2qQGJMBx1eJhfmPiZe~v51XPl0GAYcU8r0T8lZZcpK--R7HzPLbKXbFXjB97R6pZn4INZb-c5oMFfn1hNdTZuyl9lGaqDylLbsVVOw5KggbrCWY6ZLEu~9Yexdi-u7mkfxroLJT~JDsf8Mc7UiNTtbsfwHQ7uTSWVoejWKZ~JVOsPe~ng4NBNLeCuzBu-tUWq6XCu9pbFubgTfYQvYDttCq40qDrESTqZMGvP5c4qI~TwmCQgpJrye3fnJsGSdGzh08LE6fJPkRSskXEyDgK7PnFs2cMeMxXLTT2Cdogip~yVhewG6pddwIQehGgRe98iT8CiK2A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":74335666,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335666/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335666/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Reduced_Pollination_Efficiency_Compromis.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335666/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336459=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DReduced_Pollination_Efficiency_Compromis.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=Smj8gcGuffhdXaoAamKMOKDUDlSYbyu8ksDhlyXv-jmCDe2ITG3nLyd-lLQkqR9q7giYY4lq6GUO7PXqG5--Bg3pSao2xvQdTcc-xPJSPohRrm6wpLu6cLlGH5erattt7xZDalhIth3twXFncirGHwjlRa41BpERiD2r6VkGtZ5US-FDEiD4dq-mzONHzIk9-0iGXtHJyg7qWmwyGBVJn8p2C5nvP8cMYO8PK7mByt39-RJGNvEQWENUFEghvqrwQ~D5433KsvNXerhEaeaE~AM3I2vivXXx~zcX8Aqd4Tmdf4ne1RVGPNo1sD3Lyj39OVcDWsYNY-u8sdmR1dwCmw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234435"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234435/Improving_the_Vanillin_Sulphuric_Acid_Method_for_Quantifying_Total_Saponins"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Improving the Vanillin-Sulphuric Acid Method for Quantifying Total Saponins" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335670/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234435/Improving_the_Vanillin_Sulphuric_Acid_Method_for_Quantifying_Total_Saponins">Improving the Vanillin-Sulphuric Acid Method for Quantifying Total Saponins</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Technologies</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The colorimetric assay used for saponin quantification in plant extracts is subject to interferen...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The colorimetric assay used for saponin quantification in plant extracts is subject to interference by common solvents used to extract the saponins from plant materials. Therefore, the degree of interference of ten common solvents was investigated. It was found that the presence of acetone, methanol and n-butanol in the reaction solution caused an intense darkening of the reaction solution in the absence of saponins, which likely could lead to erroneous saponin content values. Using aescin to construct standard curves with different solvents—such as water, ethanol, and methanol— also showed significant differences in the standard curves obtained, which led to different values when they were applied to quantify the saponin content of an ethanol extract from dried and powdered Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng) seed kernels. To improve the method, a solvent evaporation step was added prior to the colorisation reaction to prevent undesired solvent interference during the reaction s...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3ad2c176d61e1d13375b68dbb751134a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335670,"asset_id":61234435,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335670/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234435"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234435"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234435; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234435]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234435]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234435; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234435']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3ad2c176d61e1d13375b68dbb751134a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234435]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234435,"title":"Improving the Vanillin-Sulphuric Acid Method for Quantifying Total Saponins","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234435/Improving_the_Vanillin_Sulphuric_Acid_Method_for_Quantifying_Total_Saponins","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335670,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335670/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335670/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Improving_the_Vanillin_Sulphuric_Acid_Me.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335670/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336458=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DImproving_the_Vanillin_Sulphuric_Acid_Me.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=M2JdgNxMZ~~opcuvwYY0tYjwkXMjhFDORQQi6Cl3EiSH37gXvD0TK7yYs6EqjFbvAGygMiSCQ~VIBBo38-TQdkO5jCGETK9u35QWOgtkKxOfvFryYE6wS6Ql5ihphQF-cfFgHhoPA1u5Rj0HOBe2ajaSAd45wvR~MTD6ChajIcRk6My7Sl6drvbozI-9jeuE-Z7yJsMDkR9F~5-FcRDU1Vf1oF3jSfHw9Iz3VL8cCpjKhoPCxXe5H~~OV1G7fS~GmGU8B9FbHGJzTAPqDrF2DgNUC-G19F6iwuIwjNqWDenIjneTFzNb7VX~xfWQvooaat3hkIXAQH3AmzLTvUYV-Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":74335671,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335671/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335671/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Improving_the_Vanillin_Sulphuric_Acid_Me.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335671/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336457=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DImproving_the_Vanillin_Sulphuric_Acid_Me.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=hO1Po0~jAyn8txcQStZe8rtsk-aDOq0mUBby7l8nRL7aRMkdSouWlf4sCdBU2j6yO92glio9rCCe9R1fOJuWL1IlA0TsRXJumT-n7hnR3uC0TntAkDVPdbZhV0dvHnSN6lGznwCGRT8g83Qot9-12Qg4C-JMAu6Cj1xIJDu6LhFhQQCGA9bTHWa9YgFy6gyInNZK2AW0GaVBRUCExTZM8JBQcjx-L~fgpeJcSbByk3R9YcPZaxMyn-zoZ0GwDE4DjySAMEnWQd9RL6QfSpLQv7~G-Mgn90qkfWVQ09dPWUZDLPg0TTDNxct9ESdG25T8kPfjCIddIooxP68kS4P7sw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234434"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234434/Ultrasound_Assisted_Extraction_of_GAC_Peel_An_Optimization_of_Extraction_Conditions_for_Recovering_Carotenoids_and_Antioxidant_Capacity"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of GAC Peel: An Optimization of Extraction Conditions for Recovering Carotenoids and Antioxidant Capacity" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335675/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234434/Ultrasound_Assisted_Extraction_of_GAC_Peel_An_Optimization_of_Extraction_Conditions_for_Recovering_Carotenoids_and_Antioxidant_Capacity">Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of GAC Peel: An Optimization of Extraction Conditions for Recovering Carotenoids and Antioxidant Capacity</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Processes</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The peel of Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.), which is considered as waste of Gac pr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The peel of Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.), which is considered as waste of Gac processing, has been found to possess high levels of carotenoids and other antioxidants. This study aimed at determining the optimal conditions of an ultrasound-assisted extraction for recovering carotenoids and antioxidant capacity from Gac peel. A response surface methodology using the Box–Behnken design was employed to investigate the impact of extraction time, temperature and ultrasonic power on the recovery of total carotenoid and antioxidant capacity. The results showed that an extraction time of 76 min, temperature of 50 °C and ultrasonic power of 250 W were the optimal conditions for the extraction. The experimental carotenoid yield and antioxidant capacity obtained under the optimal extraction conditions were validated as 269 mg/100 g DW (dry weight) and 822 µM TE (Trolox equivalent)/100 g DW, respectively. These values were not significantly different from the values predicted by...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="32abcb3c1ee0c759f1a11ff054743921" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335675,"asset_id":61234434,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335675/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234434"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234434"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234434; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234434]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234434]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234434; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234434']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "32abcb3c1ee0c759f1a11ff054743921" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234434]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234434,"title":"Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of GAC Peel: An Optimization of Extraction Conditions for Recovering Carotenoids and Antioxidant Capacity","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234434/Ultrasound_Assisted_Extraction_of_GAC_Peel_An_Optimization_of_Extraction_Conditions_for_Recovering_Carotenoids_and_Antioxidant_Capacity","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335675,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335675/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335675/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Ultrasound_Assisted_Extraction_of_GAC_Pe.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335675/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336458=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DUltrasound_Assisted_Extraction_of_GAC_Pe.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=Bfz88k8aqePgUL2HaFFHkWKaNhgJ6WoMA44x6NpB1vy3z1gu4ls3CZw~yX8BB9Ey3T2Rh4X0~8y6HJMCnLWqyzupnWfXeuFSTv60VHLEMPJu~huzoYIqgaE46flfMamZdhTtaEQnolaODVKHpGvKl8SrOHKM3UHstb5g2I-JcIBpgJ4Ij0BuFaSyjNblm1edZs5zTu0Z4gFyV~qrJddiLJoj9GwHiJhKT5sgBwDw4gTcGIV6qpmcpzSQZb7RFUK0zhwEEIYKRwwSmw~gTEYGN8fC2y9fH9H72f51sE2fDARXfYGiLaIJWW2HJc7JlZLcS3yu9fXXxu1y~eefYQFdMg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234433"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234433/Physicochemical_Properties_of_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Lour_Spreng_Seeds_and_Their_Oil_Extracted_by_Supercritical_Carbon_Dioxide_and_Soxhlet_Methods"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Physicochemical Properties of Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng) Seeds and Their Oil Extracted by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Soxhlet Methods" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335667/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234433/Physicochemical_Properties_of_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Lour_Spreng_Seeds_and_Their_Oil_Extracted_by_Supercritical_Carbon_Dioxide_and_Soxhlet_Methods">Physicochemical Properties of Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng) Seeds and Their Oil Extracted by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Soxhlet Methods</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Technologies</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Gac seeds are high in oil, but there are few studies on its extraction and characteristics. This ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Gac seeds are high in oil, but there are few studies on its extraction and characteristics. This study aimed to characterise Gac seeds and investigate the physicochemical properties of Gac seed oil extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) and hexane (Soxhlet). The Gac seed kernel accounted for 66.4 ± 2.7% of the seed weight, and 53.02 ± 1.27% of it was oil. The SC-CO2 oil had a higher quality than the Soxhlet oil for important criteria, such as peroxide (0.12 ± 0.02 vs. 1.80 ± 0.01 meq O2/kg oil), free fatty acid (1.74 ± 0.12 vs. 2.47 ± 0.09 mg KOH/g oil) and unsaponifiable matter (33.2 ± 1.5 vs. 52.6 ± 2.4 g/kg) values, respectively. It also had a better colour (light yellow vs. dark greenish brown) and a higher antioxidant capacity measured with the DPPH (52.69 ± 0.06 vs. 42.98 ± 0.02 µmol Trolox equivalent/g oil) and ABTS (2.10 ± 0.12 vs. 1.52 ± 0.06 µmol Trolox equivalent/g oil) assays. However, a higher yield (53.02 ± 1.27 vs. 34.1 ± 0.8%) was obtained for the Soxhl...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3e2b16796d9a081b439d8276a83d189b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335667,"asset_id":61234433,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335667/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234433"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234433"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234433; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234433]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234433]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234433; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234433']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3e2b16796d9a081b439d8276a83d189b" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234433]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234433,"title":"Physicochemical Properties of Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng) Seeds and Their Oil Extracted by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Soxhlet Methods","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234433/Physicochemical_Properties_of_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Lour_Spreng_Seeds_and_Their_Oil_Extracted_by_Supercritical_Carbon_Dioxide_and_Soxhlet_Methods","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335667,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335667/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335667/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Physicochemical_Properties_of_Gac_Momord.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335667/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336459=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPhysicochemical_Properties_of_Gac_Momord.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=f0M9pb2yAGpFdRtI2Hylva3KI1inCFFuN-fUM5nD4HSNY700j1y6M42~N3jR6GJhtGvUTdmaB6A8soFbr8KG88LVGbkzq5d3-24-x~5gdkMNQnYdbZ8qmFcL3AgTB0ZwUyXIF~riBHQFoL3Q0aUCb~wL211IL5ym2e-qzAfnSGEkc9Gsuu-LQczpPo-V0nMP85l75iPc2ci7jBavUGh5S20276ign4xm4p-KMLrxwbzckXGekLasFThPvZfu4eO4REED-wSLGtbMAhNSKcw5WulJNLXyMeNLWHS-JToLQqosIDh4RgQAkA2~2AtDPhGgp-98qD00Zlp8bVV8dtwK8Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":74335665,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335665/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335665/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Physicochemical_Properties_of_Gac_Momord.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335665/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336459=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPhysicochemical_Properties_of_Gac_Momord.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=hA3rUi6-rx~VNTw1y56t860DLvhwS8~kXAANQG26LlnnxiUqh8vB1BxLRVutFDg9zg-SX7yTaPmFb7V~SYeDthndCqChYRUCN5WN5Mw7Y2FJRSx9CSB31v1dc4vdpsfcwFAc3mrTWLSRf7uWNCtVujedjsxW2wiXm5zJ0cz1rlPQu3GTsyNRi9OeJ82sKuh9Hq6m~5dyBsI42i11zFZ0L52EEOT-KokNgUf8va-6lSofQZbXWu3ueVOi9MIht95nki3pE6Jhm6zzmyVrKvoTPEIaJMtRFXx50of2wDAh5vxdFhthUsemnQYgMjQmnM0csCnTyGxq8iVr9eqWO5YCcw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234432"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234432/Improved_propagation_methods_for_GAC_Momordica_Cochinchinensis_Spreng_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Improved propagation methods for GAC (Momordica Cochinchinensis Spreng.)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234432/Improved_propagation_methods_for_GAC_Momordica_Cochinchinensis_Spreng_">Improved propagation methods for GAC (Momordica Cochinchinensis Spreng.)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Experimental Agriculture</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Gac is a dioecious tropical and perennial climber. The fruit is a rich source of carotenoids and ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Gac is a dioecious tropical and perennial climber. The fruit is a rich source of carotenoids and is used in traditional cuisine and medicine. Improving propagation methods using simple techniques would increase production and improve conservation in regional areas. This study evaluated temperature requirements for seed germination, the use of rooting hormones to strike female cuttings and the grafting of female scions onto seedling rootstock. Seed germination was optimised between 25 and 35 °C, with a maximum germination percentage of 91% at 30 °C. However, increasing storage time from 6 to 18 months under laboratory conditions (21 ± 1°C and 60% relative humidity) reduced germination and this was associated with seed weight loss, highlighting the need to develop storage guidelines, particularly for the higher temperature and humidity conditions where Gac is grown. Survival of softwood cuttings was improved from 53 to 77% with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (3–5 g/L) and semi-hardwood c...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234432"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234432"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234432; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234432]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234432]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234432; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234432']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234432]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234432,"title":"Improved propagation methods for GAC (Momordica Cochinchinensis Spreng.)","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234432/Improved_propagation_methods_for_GAC_Momordica_Cochinchinensis_Spreng_","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234431"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234431/Effect_of_Solvents_and_Extraction_Methods_on_Recovery_of_Bioactive_Compounds_from_Defatted_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Spreng_Seeds"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Solvents and Extraction Methods on Recovery of Bioactive Compounds from Defatted Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) Seeds" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335669/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234431/Effect_of_Solvents_and_Extraction_Methods_on_Recovery_of_Bioactive_Compounds_from_Defatted_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Spreng_Seeds">Effect of Solvents and Extraction Methods on Recovery of Bioactive Compounds from Defatted Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) Seeds</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Separations</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) seeds contain bioactive compounds with medicinal properti...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) seeds contain bioactive compounds with medicinal properties. This study aimed to determine a suitable solvent and extraction technique for recovery of important compounds, namely, trypsin inhibitors, saponins, and phenolics. The antioxidant capacity and total solids of derived extracts were also measured. Water with conventional extraction method gave the highest value of trypsin inhibitor activity (118.45 ± 4.90 mg trypsin g−1) while water-saturated n-butanol and methanol extracts were characterized by their highest content of saponins (40.75 ± 0.31 and 38.80 ± 2.82 mg AE g−1, respectively). Aqueous extract with microwave assistance achieved the highest phenolics (3.18 ± 0.04 mg GAE g−1). As a measure of antioxidant capacity, the 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) assay gave highest value to the aqueous microwave extract (23.56 ± 0.82 μmol TE g−1) while the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) as...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a4e4bd071a7f138aaafd2965b7535f84" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335669,"asset_id":61234431,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335669/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234431"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234431"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234431; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234431]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234431]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234431; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234431']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a4e4bd071a7f138aaafd2965b7535f84" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234431]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234431,"title":"Effect of Solvents and Extraction Methods on Recovery of Bioactive Compounds from Defatted Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) Seeds","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234431/Effect_of_Solvents_and_Extraction_Methods_on_Recovery_of_Bioactive_Compounds_from_Defatted_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Spreng_Seeds","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335669,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335669/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335669/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Solvents_and_Extraction_Method.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335669/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336459=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Solvents_and_Extraction_Method.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=QcF3-M2LvQmaA6VlPj0SE-7i4wzUGH4Bd6fC5boDM3n-p3DTa0Iwu9W3IQjyrUiLwzisDEJ2C4viKMNPl8PlWJ3jNs9OgZjcQjKoBtMGWvdFu7EL1fpbFrjE4YGXjjKzca8JbMxgFFMHZ676SFOAcLZELDbBKNNHkPWDbiaQ5gQFGluin1WKbjLFxqL5OlXnWiy3B4jMPX0nbwyKL4ZFpGtoBf1Wdvd0gIqMBTckIEpqvxB9ErXAdbMzE7K19MJE0n23npf2fomP2pNDw9JzedMnAqQaSkZTJkD0UOov-nUsilCfZMxHP7BQCTe7KqUvu-HzZHhdqBeYEKEdjttE2A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":74335663,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335663/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335663/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Solvents_and_Extraction_Method.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335663/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336459=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Solvents_and_Extraction_Method.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=cQjOXstCoGmuOhg7VubQnBzwh79-8O~1vnC0baz-80s9ls7PC-xFaorM1z86Zq6OKiZlVfkPCWT3LH8UWFI0dezA6y3OBB1bQnqPdxDi97OTSSgsjz8N3JXmlXSTkxgwVWHdHl2~4gtwUIgKnFLsZkFYPP4cz6JTHZA-mmaD21s05K6iBEZq7qvR8eAOaQKLI0CGmEkuvsnqaoGh7wTBahuqcuY7SZkpx2OuE2P8RPRkS3WnIUJ7WHA7tbZZyQ0ce3DIIFqzZZecQRukEh6~X3ki8qAnjgjZVOEVn7kQsZTZ2-OWxDZw2trajPQMkDkWPvV1Tq~Shd7C~HK4ZDfymQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234430"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234430/Optimised_Extraction_of_Trypsin_Inhibitors_from_Defatted_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Spreng_Seeds_for_Production_of_a_Trypsin_Inhibitor_Enriched_Freeze_Dried_Powder"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Optimised Extraction of Trypsin Inhibitors from Defatted Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng) Seeds for Production of a Trypsin Inhibitor‐Enriched Freeze Dried Powder" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335668/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234430/Optimised_Extraction_of_Trypsin_Inhibitors_from_Defatted_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Spreng_Seeds_for_Production_of_a_Trypsin_Inhibitor_Enriched_Freeze_Dried_Powder">Optimised Extraction of Trypsin Inhibitors from Defatted Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng) Seeds for Production of a Trypsin Inhibitor‐Enriched Freeze Dried Powder</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Separations</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The seeds of the Gac fruit, Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng, are rich in trypsin inhibitors (TIs...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The seeds of the Gac fruit, Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng, are rich in trypsin inhibitors (TIs) but their optimal extraction and the effects of freeze drying are not established. This study aims to (1) compare aqueous solvents (DI water, 0.1 M NaCl, 0.02 M NaOH and ACN)/water/FA, 25:24:1) for extracting TIs from defatted Gac seed kernel powder, (2) to optimise the extraction in terms of solvent, time and material to solvent ratio and (3) to produce a TI-enriched freeze-dried powder (FD-TIP) with good characteristics. Based on the specific TI activity (TIA), the optimal extraction was 1 h using a ratio of 2.0 g of defatted powder in 30 mL of 0.05 M NaCl. The optimisation improved the TIA and specific TIA by 8% and 13%, respectively. The FD-TIP had a high specific TIA (1.57 ± 0.17 mg trypsin/mg protein), although it also contained saponins (43.6 ± 2.3 mg AE/g) and phenolics (10.5 ± 0.3 mg GAE/g). The FD-TIP was likely stable during storage due to its very low moisture content (0.43...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="887b0ac8cd163f6449ff6bfd126e08f8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335668,"asset_id":61234430,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335668/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234430"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234430"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234430; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234430]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234430]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234430; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234430']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "887b0ac8cd163f6449ff6bfd126e08f8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234430]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234430,"title":"Optimised Extraction of Trypsin Inhibitors from Defatted Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng) Seeds for Production of a Trypsin Inhibitor‐Enriched Freeze Dried Powder","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234430/Optimised_Extraction_of_Trypsin_Inhibitors_from_Defatted_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Spreng_Seeds_for_Production_of_a_Trypsin_Inhibitor_Enriched_Freeze_Dried_Powder","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335668,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335668/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335668/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Optimised_Extraction_of_Trypsin_Inhibito.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335668/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336460=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DOptimised_Extraction_of_Trypsin_Inhibito.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=YPQHieH0k0C8G-TfazqiimHkbFosgNBu1sIJEvguDeR1psDr0TFNMGW8F4-j~eQZfMZLwm3Mc3nfdEBItDtt7I5opzak1ZExQiBVO6m75fGJWF1h3i7aoHmXBwPlcdWjVyT2QXD1KtwnprK3kKytr2bypFkg0c4hntCaaxIUcN8Z2iBiWXJkt6eK0oZdl6RcX-0eC~PtR10ndaiV9emjvlyiCUg7biCFXIY4yAxMRVDkZvEBJKSotBRMleCF5pf25mGOiOWgj3qI2OKPExU6Kgx05Hx-KiLo7EecerXu~b6zerrgt0U9dP8bU9IljUbiMyvhq~-GYCT8TiI0DRymyw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":74335664,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335664/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335664/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Optimised_Extraction_of_Trypsin_Inhibito.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335664/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336461=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DOptimised_Extraction_of_Trypsin_Inhibito.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=ew9HCqBcyZMF-N~w5tiQM5m3VtrQwUUbUz~Bq3CuWtRvXiITtZFUAQ7Ka4lBPLClbq8Acj4sFKKe8aWfWe3q9C1JlTsFK8oQsYQ538FkDs1qOMLrcgXlbNsJXdrytKKYJuVa0xBcKjNXs9kZQ1R82JKju9k7qLmwTkiJzQgBwcBsAsoq4C4vzaQlUf51XRgR3~7MKr4ScsgU-nFCGvT3wjotcLVoJhRe-ohCM5BARP-x0WJ40vRoZoH5~NLVLSCUcQS38r4z1CKqoWIutlgGzBuUzQDXad0fMP9-EDm7pL3vd2VVv1lX84lMRy1ufwQH-NYxiW2Al9hkxnEA8tefEQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234429"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234429/Yield_of_Carotenoids_Phenolic_Compounds_and_Antioxidant_Capacity_of_Extracts_from_Gac_Peel_as_Affected_by_Different_Solvents_and_Extraction_Conditions"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Yield of Carotenoids, Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity of Extracts from Gac Peel as Affected by Different Solvents and Extraction Conditions" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335662/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234429/Yield_of_Carotenoids_Phenolic_Compounds_and_Antioxidant_Capacity_of_Extracts_from_Gac_Peel_as_Affected_by_Different_Solvents_and_Extraction_Conditions">Yield of Carotenoids, Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity of Extracts from Gac Peel as Affected by Different Solvents and Extraction Conditions</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Advanced Agricultural Technologies</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) is a rich source of bioactive compounds especially ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) is a rich source of bioactive compounds especially carotenoids. Currently, only the aril of the Gac fruit is processed and the peel is discarded although it contains high levels of carotenoids and phenolic compounds, which could be extracted for commercial use. In the present study, solvent type, ratio of solvent to material, extraction time and temperature were investigated for the extraction yields of carotenoids and phenolic compounds, the antioxidant activity of the extract from Gac peel. Ethyl acetate extract showed the highest extraction yield of carotenoids, phenolics and ABTS antioxidant capacity. The highest levels of carotenoid yield and antioxidant capacity were obtained at 2 hours of extraction with the ratio of solvent to material of 20:1 (ml/g). Phenolic extraction yield reached the highest level after 2.5 hours of extraction and rose with the increase in extraction temperature while the highest extraction yield of carotenoids was obtained at 40 to 50°C and declined at higher temperature. The extraction using ethyl acetate with the ratio of 20:1 (ml solvent/g Gac peel) for 2 hours at 50°C is suggested for extraction of bioactives from Gac peel.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="842365c7e228f7c54d4851f3fbaeecce" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335662,"asset_id":61234429,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335662/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234429"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234429"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234429; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234429]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234429]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234429; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234429']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "842365c7e228f7c54d4851f3fbaeecce" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234429]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234429,"title":"Yield of Carotenoids, Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity of Extracts from Gac Peel as Affected by Different Solvents and Extraction Conditions","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234429/Yield_of_Carotenoids_Phenolic_Compounds_and_Antioxidant_Capacity_of_Extracts_from_Gac_Peel_as_Affected_by_Different_Solvents_and_Extraction_Conditions","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335662,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335662/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"20170331065228971.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335662/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Yield_of_Carotenoids_Phenolic_Compounds.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335662/20170331065228971-libre.pdf?1636336459=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DYield_of_Carotenoids_Phenolic_Compounds.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=Ae0-auC3DMnGXeen0ePdwDYjn5asp1tudYJ9iJSa~yf8pY0SGSLmm6slmy1u5narolJFHTE4c3QarjBlzyY6UKdWwdZnbjlHLTGmlD7T6vGPtT9IK5TnJ1HvlQecSYbbByZUc-4C~R~onBres~63PpwfmisJmzQOH~2MmktKXiEtbFHirZRIubyEqITj29IoPBdMIDqk1uafMH3vaud16O-cIw0pYfoijzqmPie9c4m-P7onUmRnSYKnuOuiDjd4Vd-shAESlzcukkCkbp4NHTL-bRU7NMV~legmwt6ee~YAAbSOIS2128DuQk~BKloScdOu2GPpL2UeCzw-q3XVRA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":74335661,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335661/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"20170331065228971.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335661/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Yield_of_Carotenoids_Phenolic_Compounds.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335661/20170331065228971-libre.pdf?1636336459=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DYield_of_Carotenoids_Phenolic_Compounds.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=g4bmqD3Kd6P2j9vIe00U05bY~~emq~mcA~g1q2ebwM0oQ8mko~9YW~ZvFJzohYHFcHtMC8WSkn~4esoan0wmSR2TllI2eXAuDVcU62eTrgpDWLY9vLof5qspRlI2Y9vkBY7A0P3VEygHNGgAItKGLbKsK9sx0Xr4sCKy-ia5gYFnJccKnndLCOb7-rY32XmWJvJUeQ1TFppcJnPmRrgugq~jjcCeJ1JGsM5CA9aNTUFmeEhjfg1FvxNh4Cv95aUmkl6CDHzdXSRk5U2eUD37uyaCPoGFocSXUwl6Z-Dk~GGzlihvOR08mJO9-IyhYpXhJPix47gA66so2vAVK5iyYg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234428"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234428/Encapsulation_of_carotenoid_rich_oil_from_Gac_peel_Optimisation_of_the_encapsulating_process_using_a_spray_drier_and_the_storage_stability_of_encapsulated_powder"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Encapsulation of carotenoid-rich oil from Gac peel: Optimisation of the encapsulating process using a spray drier and the storage stability of encapsulated powder" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234428/Encapsulation_of_carotenoid_rich_oil_from_Gac_peel_Optimisation_of_the_encapsulating_process_using_a_spray_drier_and_the_storage_stability_of_encapsulated_powder">Encapsulation of carotenoid-rich oil from Gac peel: Optimisation of the encapsulating process using a spray drier and the storage stability of encapsulated powder</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Powder Technology</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234428"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234428"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234428; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234428]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234428]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234428; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234428']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234428]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234428,"title":"Encapsulation of carotenoid-rich oil from Gac peel: Optimisation of the encapsulating process using a spray drier and the storage stability of encapsulated powder","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234428/Encapsulation_of_carotenoid_rich_oil_from_Gac_peel_Optimisation_of_the_encapsulating_process_using_a_spray_drier_and_the_storage_stability_of_encapsulated_powder","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234427"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234427/_content_Bioactive_Composition_Antioxidant_Activity_and_Anticancer_Potential_of_Freeze_Dried_Extracts_from_Defatted_Gac_Spreng_Seeds_i_content_Momordica_cochinchinensis_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of {"__content__"=>"Bioactive Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Anticancer Potential of Freeze-Dried Extracts from Defatted Gac ( Spreng) Seeds.", "i"=>{"__content__"=>"Momordica cochinchinensis"}}" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335705/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234427/_content_Bioactive_Composition_Antioxidant_Activity_and_Anticancer_Potential_of_Freeze_Dried_Extracts_from_Defatted_Gac_Spreng_Seeds_i_content_Momordica_cochinchinensis_">{"__content__"=>"Bioactive Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Anticancer Potential of Freeze-Dried Extracts from Defatted Gac ( Spreng) Seeds.", "i"=>{"__content__"=>"Momordica cochinchinensis"}}</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Medicines (Basel, Switzerland)</span><span>, Jan 18, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Gac ( Spreng) seeds have long been used in traditional medicine as a remedy for numerous conditio...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Gac ( Spreng) seeds have long been used in traditional medicine as a remedy for numerous conditions due to a range of bioactive compounds. This study investigated the solvent extraction of compounds that could be responsible for antioxidant activity and anticancer potential. Defatted Gac seed kernel powder was extracted with different solvents: 100% water, 50% methanol:water, 70% ethanol:water, water saturated butanol, 100% methanol, and 100% ethanol. Trypsin inhibitors, saponins, phenolics, and antioxidant activity using the 2,2&#39;-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays; and anticancer potential against two melanoma cancer cell lines (MM418C1 and D24) were analysed to determine the best extraction solvents. Water was best for extracting trypsin inhibitors (581.4 ± 18.5 mg trypsin/mg) and reducing the viability of MM418C1 and D24 melanoma cells (75.5 ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="423ff30a171ce45a6aa3a5dc33a7ecd6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335705,"asset_id":61234427,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335705/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234427"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234427"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234427; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234427]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234427]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234427; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234427']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "423ff30a171ce45a6aa3a5dc33a7ecd6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234427]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234427,"title":"{\"__content__\"=\u003e\"Bioactive Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Anticancer Potential of Freeze-Dried Extracts from Defatted Gac ( Spreng) Seeds.\", \"i\"=\u003e{\"__content__\"=\u003e\"Momordica cochinchinensis\"}}","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234427/_content_Bioactive_Composition_Antioxidant_Activity_and_Anticancer_Potential_of_Freeze_Dried_Extracts_from_Defatted_Gac_Spreng_Seeds_i_content_Momordica_cochinchinensis_","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335705,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335705/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335705/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"content_Bioactive_Composition_Antioxida.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335705/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336460=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3Dcontent_Bioactive_Composition_Antioxida.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=GPmAusEZ50IlDtRDvknW1Mt8PBq0riZJwTCjauNrPAIegEhytx~mFfp5Gpv1E~kGpmR-B2lHtIKzXdRdJvgn6Z6gUZUN0ZCCgHG4BpXLy3f0uie3J0pBL2Ell~G~2wk7Sh7nMmSrdAVUmAgvZg99CdCTvJQKnWu6QMZI2HXXhSTnjJnzebKHYY5SzgBc9PN1SEJifTJWWCe3KfDRLSzQO37I1B8JmtY7QeHVBhKo9XQD0DQoBMu6U2ZckwMxvTN517b~J~ZhEpaBp2HkRlSwDmc5hrzTFBwash38ukkjfMZ05oCXyd~fnb-M7ZHQQZEJU6IJmzsnPhQ0rZb9p589Rw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234426"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234426/_content_Optimisation_of_the_Microwave_Assisted_Ethanol_Extraction_of_Saponins_from_Gac_Spreng_Seeds_i_content_Momordica_cochinchinensis_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of {"__content__"=>"Optimisation of the Microwave-Assisted Ethanol Extraction of Saponins from Gac ( Spreng.) Seeds.", "i"=>{"__content__"=>"Momordica cochinchinensis"}}" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335704/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234426/_content_Optimisation_of_the_Microwave_Assisted_Ethanol_Extraction_of_Saponins_from_Gac_Spreng_Seeds_i_content_Momordica_cochinchinensis_">{"__content__"=>"Optimisation of the Microwave-Assisted Ethanol Extraction of Saponins from Gac ( Spreng.) Seeds.", "i"=>{"__content__"=>"Momordica cochinchinensis"}}</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Medicines (Basel, Switzerland)</span><span>, Jan 3, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Gac ( Spreng.) seeds contain saponins that are reportedly medicinal. It was hypothesised that the...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Gac ( Spreng.) seeds contain saponins that are reportedly medicinal. It was hypothesised that the extraction of saponins from powdered Gac seed kernels could be optimised using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) with ethanol as the extraction solvent. The aim was to determine an appropriate ethanol concentration, ratio of solvent to seed powder and microwave power and time for extraction. Whether or not defatting the Gac seed powder had an impact on the extraction of saponins, was also determined. A four-fold higher total saponin content (TSC) was obtained in extracts from full-fat Gac seed kernel powder than from defatted powder (100 vs. 26 mg aescin equivalents (AE) per gram of Gac seeds). The optimal parameters for the extraction of saponins were a ratio of 30 mL of 100% absolute ethanol per g of full-fat Gac seed kernel powder with the microwave set at 360 W for three irradiation cycles of 10 s power ON and 15 s power OFF per cycle. Gac seed saponins could be efficiently extrac...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="dd73de1f124f538a14589a6b9af0f7a4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335704,"asset_id":61234426,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335704/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234426"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234426"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234426; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234426]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234426]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234426; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234426']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "dd73de1f124f538a14589a6b9af0f7a4" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234426]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234426,"title":"{\"__content__\"=\u003e\"Optimisation of the Microwave-Assisted Ethanol Extraction of Saponins from Gac ( Spreng.) Seeds.\", \"i\"=\u003e{\"__content__\"=\u003e\"Momordica cochinchinensis\"}}","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234426/_content_Optimisation_of_the_Microwave_Assisted_Ethanol_Extraction_of_Saponins_from_Gac_Spreng_Seeds_i_content_Momordica_cochinchinensis_","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335704,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335704/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335704/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"content_Optimisation_of_the_Microwave_A.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335704/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336457=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3Dcontent_Optimisation_of_the_Microwave_A.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=DIwZjfPGEqxv92plGF2PtDHTxqPo6e7J38lwvtOV3C10~FRiysw2eCYh-oB3FaYVI~RF9l7uEKF1WbhTims7qh8MyBStUopeZrHam21X6f3kc5mqk2tO1gScmiky5GRjCvcwIm0EgucqkikxolF8ldhgwM0rWteYb~oOw6XvRGMKTVAwiP9VC27aH892lf3JgrxYcBQMI-mqSFK-nhXx8hPJiivFaiIgXtuIxowA9xpdnUXNgD7nLxBArMparksuo4MiAqAwglaStXbnZoymT59FZMYtA3kT44Be9nyUnVxjnoaomvXoAXGkeQX8YzsGAMXMjXnPiutmaj5Wb~ZjvA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234425"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234425/Microwave_assisted_extraction_and_ultrasound_assisted_extraction_for_recovering_carotenoids_from_Gac_peel_and_their_effects_on_antioxidant_capacity_of_the_extracts"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Microwave-assisted extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction for recovering carotenoids from Gac peel and their effects on antioxidant capacity of the extracts" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335703/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234425/Microwave_assisted_extraction_and_ultrasound_assisted_extraction_for_recovering_carotenoids_from_Gac_peel_and_their_effects_on_antioxidant_capacity_of_the_extracts">Microwave-assisted extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction for recovering carotenoids from Gac peel and their effects on antioxidant capacity of the extracts</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Food science & nutrition</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The peel of Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) contains high levels of bioactive compo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The peel of Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) contains high levels of bioactive compounds, especially carotenoids which possess significant antioxidant capacities. However, the peel of Gac is regarded as a waste from the production of carotenoid-rich oil from Gac fruit. In this study, carotenoids of Gac peel were extracted by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) using ethyl acetate as extraction solvent. The effect of extraction time and different levels of microwave and ultrasonic powers on the yield of total carotenoid and antioxidant capacity of the extracts were investigated. The results showed that an extraction at 120 W for 25 min and an extraction at 200 W for 80 min were the most effective for MAE and UAE of the Gac peel samples, respectively. The maximum carotenoid and antioxidant capacity yields of UAE were significantly higher than those of the MAE. The antioxidant capacity of extract obtained by the UAE was also signifi...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a811591088415ab2291b90ca4b1dd6c3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335703,"asset_id":61234425,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335703/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234425"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234425"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234425; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234425]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234425]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234425; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234425']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a811591088415ab2291b90ca4b1dd6c3" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234425]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234425,"title":"Microwave-assisted extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction for recovering carotenoids from Gac peel and their effects on antioxidant capacity of the extracts","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234425/Microwave_assisted_extraction_and_ultrasound_assisted_extraction_for_recovering_carotenoids_from_Gac_peel_and_their_effects_on_antioxidant_capacity_of_the_extracts","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335703,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335703/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pmc5778220.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335703/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Microwave_assisted_extraction_and_ultras.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335703/pmc5778220-libre.pdf?1636336464=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMicrowave_assisted_extraction_and_ultras.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=A4KDSD7T1Jm7Y4HdH9H0rQTj-6acqj~bBGsTesukRW~YY7nbWeAXwf5e9B3GChg4GtL8VHCPjqI7SV3OPnt~l-vnLjvIoBwO2Ojhf3pnlESmkLDgm3DubTDGJB-hIgYudXiNE1tPRROR6KETaZKOMrp8~dWnK632y4pt~I9jLlv4iCr9Z8h6w4XegjsbQmWEK~WmJzwCHx2BLsWs2Qwo18gBUIsqBWUtZB0BgplICsKlo5lKqAHRq5K~EfXESfBs0YTQ6n~r~N7JNI49GWi-h054mdy9tP2MhZT8Lp7TUXbUPNx3LAaETpc-UcmbE57Y4c9CtJJUQ5~pj1emm5ht5Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="3113651" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77502011"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77502011/Propagation_and_Production_of_Gac_Momordica_Cochinchinensis_SPRENG_a_Greenhouse_Case_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Propagation and Production of Gac (Momordica Cochinchinensis SPRENG.), a Greenhouse Case Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84850905/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77502011/Propagation_and_Production_of_Gac_Momordica_Cochinchinensis_SPRENG_a_Greenhouse_Case_Study">Propagation and Production of Gac (Momordica Cochinchinensis SPRENG.), a Greenhouse Case Study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Experimental Agriculture</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">SUMMARYGreater cultivation of the underutilised Gac fruit, Momordica cochinchinensis, by poorly r...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">SUMMARYGreater cultivation of the underutilised Gac fruit, Momordica cochinchinensis, by poorly resourced householders and farmers would potentially improve livelihoods, and, on a larger scale, meet the increasing demand for Gac as a health product. Cultivation methods need to be developed to suit small- and large-scale production and must consider the unpredictable ratio of male to female plants grown from seed, and slow growth induced by cool temperatures. In this study, we examined the responses of Gac to propagation and protected cropping techniques to identify potential methods for increasing production. Plants germinated from seed in seed-raising mix under warm and humid conditions were grown hydroponically to maturity in a climate-controlled greenhouse during a temperate winter, producing fruits that were harvested ripe, from 44 weeks after sowing. Cuttings taken from female plants were dipped in indole-3-butyric rooting hormone powder or gel, or were left untreated, and then...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a5deee596e8748ed1a50d2785e7020d0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":84850905,"asset_id":77502011,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84850905/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77502011"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77502011"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77502011; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77502011]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77502011]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77502011; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77502011']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a5deee596e8748ed1a50d2785e7020d0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77502011]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77502011,"title":"Propagation and Production of Gac (Momordica Cochinchinensis SPRENG.), a Greenhouse Case Study","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77502011/Propagation_and_Production_of_Gac_Momordica_Cochinchinensis_SPRENG_a_Greenhouse_Case_Study","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":84850905,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84850905/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"f21de28221b0c3e785030b6ca14a45067e47.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84850905/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Propagation_and_Production_of_Gac_Momord.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/84850905/f21de28221b0c3e785030b6ca14a45067e47-libre.pdf?1650890491=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPropagation_and_Production_of_Gac_Momord.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=V44ADDLqTmtGfpEdW5fumIiYaXT-ZdD8p4U~z1y-psKg1eR548MgHdIQpb~kH7GI~06oqRvkztPG7I0RojX7h-jjA4rERc~ubuefGm7KIFH7vAFAh69xrnxLgSkA0JRFEcpBEvKjakUkF8xoGD-aGYyhFA3WZ9~vrRiBJ4U~KVBDT5Gdu5c6Z3-cPcOWRZW-WwQ94Evw2oEMrW2nbZGsQxl8LNjFPM8nYEi~uWDtxLhSpDaimBga7H~K3AcW98ubtcH3l~3mMS8sd1I7liifYV4HFTyZicdh6cLlIkzzJFBMToHeWr4m4yXhAcQGSSh~MyX2Bg8nnKOVmAWXtc5u~g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70075225"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/70075225/Article_An_Optimised_Aqueous_Extract_of_Phenolic_Compounds_from_Bitter_Melon_with_High_Antioxidant_Capacity"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Article An Optimised Aqueous Extract of Phenolic Compounds from Bitter Melon with High Antioxidant Capacity" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/79947217/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/70075225/Article_An_Optimised_Aqueous_Extract_of_Phenolic_Compounds_from_Bitter_Melon_with_High_Antioxidant_Capacity">Article An Optimised Aqueous Extract of Phenolic Compounds from Bitter Melon with High Antioxidant Capacity</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) is a tropical fruit claimed to have medicinal properties as...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) is a tropical fruit claimed to have medicinal properties associated with its content of phenolic compounds (TPC). The aim of the study was to compare water with several organic solvents (acetone, butanol, methanol and 80% ethanol) for its efficiency at extracting the TPC from freeze-dried bitter melon powder. The TPC of the extracts was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and their antioxidant capacity (AC) was evaluated using three assays. Before optimisation, the TPC and AC of the aqueous extract were 63% and 20% lower, respectively, than for the best organic solvent, 80% ethanol. However, after optimising for temperature (80 °C), time (5 min), water-to-powder ratio (40:1 mL/g), particle size (1 mm) and the number of extractions of the same sample (1×), the TPC and the AC of the aqueous extract were equal or higher than for 80% ethanol. Furthermore, less solvent (40 mL water/g) and less time (5 min) were needed than was used for the 80% ethanol extract (100 mL/g for 1 h). Therefore, this study provides evidence to recommend the use of water as the solvent of choice for the extraction of the phenolic compounds and their associated antioxidant activities from bitter melon.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="eed6db484a54c5933699689bbd7870d4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":79947217,"asset_id":70075225,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79947217/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70075225"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70075225"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70075225; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70075225]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70075225]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70075225; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70075225']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "eed6db484a54c5933699689bbd7870d4" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70075225]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70075225,"title":"Article An Optimised Aqueous Extract of Phenolic Compounds from Bitter Melon with High Antioxidant Capacity","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70075225/Article_An_Optimised_Aqueous_Extract_of_Phenolic_Compounds_from_Bitter_Melon_with_High_Antioxidant_Capacity","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":79947217,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/79947217/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"antioxidants-03-00814.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79947217/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Article_An_Optimised_Aqueous_Extract_of.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/79947217/antioxidants-03-00814-libre.pdf?1643581833=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DArticle_An_Optimised_Aqueous_Extract_of.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=ExXnPBQW5uQNn9Ei55ETwxvduo4dmXlTYE7ML9~odrWXKRAY4Xn5nChJYlM7fS6GrpNCuU-U~-L1i8pgvITARVx8UKYRVokrwNlyeHHmOXB7e9xZGiXfE2c4M3t7Hdtu2~C10jghjrZE13NigtL5QocTo4QPUBDFOJGI2-9Np4qFx7nLfodN7-988-6Y9Q~dfr4UQw3Y3YJ3t7HfH74MEucYf14vCXOk3Z-L~YRcQFNxYjGpqtrTH1LB4k3bnkMwM9HxHL7pLRWGtszqvN-I8cg8tYj3g5ZD0rSQLZYM-ITKoH21tH~5il8osp6teHvRyrcQPaIdICm~OGdb7j6VTw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70075224"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/70075224/Nutrient_management_of_Asian_vegetables"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Nutrient management of Asian vegetables" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/79947159/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/70075224/Nutrient_management_of_Asian_vegetables">Nutrient management of Asian vegetables</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This project has been funded by HAL using the vegetables industry levy and matched funds from the...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This project has been funded by HAL using the vegetables industry levy and matched funds from the Federal Government The purpose of this report is to pass on information concerning the nutrient management of Asian vegetables in production. Disclaimer Any recommendations contained in this publication do not necessarily represent current HAL Limited policy. No person should act on the basis of the contents of this publication, whether as to matters of fact or opinion or other content, without first obtaining specific, independent professional advice in respect of the matters set out in this publication.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3c00494e5b5b015d0218ddd06e2d41f8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":79947159,"asset_id":70075224,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79947159/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70075224"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70075224"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70075224; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70075224]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70075224]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70075224; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70075224']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3c00494e5b5b015d0218ddd06e2d41f8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70075224]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70075224,"title":"Nutrient management of Asian vegetables","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70075224/Nutrient_management_of_Asian_vegetables","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":79947159,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/79947159/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"VG07153.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79947159/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Nutrient_management_of_Asian_vegetables.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/79947159/VG07153-libre.pdf?1643581837=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNutrient_management_of_Asian_vegetables.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=S3OquexOS~IQGeaV02csMIdYXtTHIHRmAW8lMVQmrYHIOdYEnGdza1Gmd1NRZ4ecbRAxT-NiYAlvYby9xJSnhzIy8pHUer2u6UN6w3Ru0-6nG9S-OT9ufq213RTsNwf~jehy-miy7OgjKKhj0cS~t-B-hrxWswn92GR06BnHEtEt66iSXD4siWyeiT3JqJUDWrDtz-2eS8N1R7Rpomg~XBozhDYAogL-AlHKUgk5QyEA11tlMPS6LvBd76g4SO-BvPDPfRbv~cT3s0PPFZhexvk8n4vFUKz5AAPpjy~9u-TikagGVZbnj2fXID0hlOLQnju6kyUzcviekTqj02N1YQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":79947160,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/79947160/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"VG07153.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79947160/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Nutrient_management_of_Asian_vegetables.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/79947160/VG07153-libre.pdf?1643581837=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNutrient_management_of_Asian_vegetables.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=U1l7zZxXmSrwjdJRnGhFICtrJ2rPseoTskELFEuxv0W893S-rIpaZ09fMS47oBVVcIDj9HGkw-2EepYC2U0BsaImJhwgyvBoTR5u4tY-luO73C91m658YPmW4njdlvNSyd1pHMe0NjCWYMuRPMOSu14Q1-DourWveJn1s-lPSim-a0oC-b-WSqnAz7FDS7uHiBTCfharcHRiFIz53ydy-MMtDpjYV3NbA989nd5o3Vya91pUJkaMzoCF49ogRVS~ejSE6Mebkh8MlbHj9xQvyOxSNGoaRdWDoJlWAa94s4cF-CMBZY3Js5Tt4hAtufnNp7OSgySpE~U0VDxO1UjfUw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70075223"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70075223/Bringing_blueberries_into_protection"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Bringing blueberries into protection" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70075223/Bringing_blueberries_into_protection">Bringing blueberries into protection</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The commercial blueberry industry in Australia produces 6000 tonnes of blueberries annually, repr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The commercial blueberry industry in Australia produces 6000 tonnes of blueberries annually, representing a farmgate value of A$120 million. However, production levels currently do not meet demand. The industry stands to gain from ongoing development, including protected cropping, to provide consistent production of high quality blueberries to consumers.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70075223"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70075223"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70075223; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70075223]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70075223]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70075223; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70075223']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70075223]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70075223,"title":"Bringing blueberries into protection","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70075223/Bringing_blueberries_into_protection","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70075222"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70075222/Nutrient_and_disease_relationships"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Nutrient and disease relationships" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70075222/Nutrient_and_disease_relationships">Nutrient and disease relationships</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Practical Hydroponics and Greenhouses</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">At the recent Hydroponic Farmers Federation conference held in Malwala, NSW, plant scientists Drs...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">At the recent Hydroponic Farmers Federation conference held in Malwala, NSW, plant scientists Drs Sophie Parks and Len Tesoriero outlined how diseases impact on plant nutrition. They reinforced that knowledge of this relationship provides an appreciation of the importance of good crop management in disease prevention.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70075222"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70075222"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70075222; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70075222]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70075222]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70075222; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70075222']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70075222]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70075222,"title":"Nutrient and disease relationships","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70075222/Nutrient_and_disease_relationships","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70075187"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/70075187/Assessing_the_potential_for_a_gac_Cochinchin_gourd_industry_in_Australia"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Assessing the potential for a gac (Cochinchin gourd) industry in Australia" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/79947106/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/70075187/Assessing_the_potential_for_a_gac_Cochinchin_gourd_industry_in_Australia">Assessing the potential for a gac (Cochinchin gourd) industry in Australia</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The authors would particularly like to acknowledge and thank the people who kindly took on the ch...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The authors would particularly like to acknowledge and thank the people who kindly took on the challenge of growing this curious crop including</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3ff5ea2e01c58cb164c3a1280c42f6ac" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":79947106,"asset_id":70075187,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79947106/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70075187"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70075187"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70075187; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70075187]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70075187]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70075187; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70075187']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3ff5ea2e01c58cb164c3a1280c42f6ac" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70075187]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70075187,"title":"Assessing the potential for a gac (Cochinchin gourd) industry in Australia","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70075187/Assessing_the_potential_for_a_gac_Cochinchin_gourd_industry_in_Australia","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":79947106,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/79947106/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"view.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79947106/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Assessing_the_potential_for_a_gac_Cochin.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/79947106/view-libre.pdf?1643581845=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAssessing_the_potential_for_a_gac_Cochin.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=Ra8utdRrDwAwzRkpy-Ijrm7leEU5JhRSq6V98z3GzN04RwMxuAkCJAF1KEaAcexoPgM2IuePeHm1Sh~3wUEl2hUuH-6smBwcLIIkkTw53i2huNf9h8xuC6mQzvdn2RiZ~UekxcxrlJH4d95~S2CBI01oGVi1F4vmWLWbDDF9lGW9bTuAWIJCNp3C~knoife8JL~u2MpxGy2m~HFKtmhicXos~Q4Gzd~c8ZpEOpjEwH2ZQk9JJwhJDmZfUNtRxR6no9WGZQOzvxUPCQlhPvpzu7r~Rt9M26cfkE6fjT2nSvyyBIiscop7HFm2-c45ZNvBaszfq3TLQtHlMINBFhunaQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":79947107,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/79947107/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"view.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79947107/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Assessing_the_potential_for_a_gac_Cochin.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/79947107/view-libre.pdf?1643581844=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAssessing_the_potential_for_a_gac_Cochin.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=Ke6anL2jVOaMKxs3NvnEViwTCttZdKJkJAeZh2pymoP40bM8-0niK0racW-eWgAN4hw~~~NcckV0hRcYnYyl8xURA14GrQMN4LHepGPW4HR3X3mjnaN9P7c99Yp9xeLH-j5k~ZSqbegL6v0muGLHA-tdMR9U9HL-Qj-lvlSsvyTL3j-EQDs6FZaLcMiMxV6SMGQLmcDcY6jGN2FZ7DAlnjIJcJS~DHHxgPQQPgAJUNdojjRpca5UuzuN5YWsyGhWPVKBrL-UzwOIfYEGf2Lv4xMyWGyiNeL1pduG~H3qwHxNHRTpyiTB7kPUVwB7c5hGqe5plcpLboltxrxUWyg~tg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234438"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234438/Use_of_thinners_can_increase_the_fruit_size_of_blueberries_in_an_evergreen_system"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Use of thinners can increase the fruit size of blueberries in an evergreen system" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234438/Use_of_thinners_can_increase_the_fruit_size_of_blueberries_in_an_evergreen_system">Use of thinners can increase the fruit size of blueberries in an evergreen system</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234438"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234438"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234438; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234438]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234438]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234438; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234438']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234438]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234438,"title":"Use of thinners can increase the fruit size of blueberries in an evergreen system","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234438/Use_of_thinners_can_increase_the_fruit_size_of_blueberries_in_an_evergreen_system","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234437"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234437/The_effect_of_protective_covers_on_pollinator_health_and_pollination_service_delivery"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The effect of protective covers on pollinator health and pollination service delivery" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335674/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234437/The_effect_of_protective_covers_on_pollinator_health_and_pollination_service_delivery">The effect of protective covers on pollinator health and pollination service delivery</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="50a2d144a0875c2e97c92bd6e71b918d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335674,"asset_id":61234437,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335674/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234437"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234437"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234437; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234437]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234437]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234437; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234437']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "50a2d144a0875c2e97c92bd6e71b918d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234437]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234437,"title":"The effect of protective covers on pollinator health and pollination service delivery","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234437/The_effect_of_protective_covers_on_pollinator_health_and_pollination_service_delivery","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335674,"title":"","file_type":"txt","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335674/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"PII_S0167880921002607.txt","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335674/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_effect_of_protective_covers_on_polli.txt","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335674/PII_S0167880921002607.txt?1738447387=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_effect_of_protective_covers_on_polli.txt\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=YCebVlgHQc4LfjS3eJTwZxIWG9rypkuHAxphtMWy4Nf~JlhxpOTjhDdPLhNis8K7bLF0hyTARv9RaSCiFdJoXPIHVGO8Jp-omDznZp5NQEd~9XRLp79bHLVGWNLbavKtIwS~EbmaSU55NhX3sDuXpJc1Tp6xYnsLsB7FGdiAPG2plaa8QJ1fbE17YDz3CtQ2Ym~Dqh6WcFBGo-a~AzYCHNEmVx9UCwfUkJ-F8fICfArbjGDixLITMNW0bw6CdCUqHUx1AxVRPB4gL0sWpNTDB8deX0yfLq~mV64ciKPlfJjQsMKFtiMgDci0VKFMxeXSeCtk2Sv5WOw4y9S7vUH8uA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234436"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234436/Reduced_Pollination_Efficiency_Compromises_Some_Physicochemical_Qualities_in_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Spreng_Fruit"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Reduced Pollination Efficiency Compromises Some Physicochemical Qualities in Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) Fruit" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335672/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234436/Reduced_Pollination_Efficiency_Compromises_Some_Physicochemical_Qualities_in_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Spreng_Fruit">Reduced Pollination Efficiency Compromises Some Physicochemical Qualities in Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) Fruit</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Agronomy</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Gac is valued for the nutritious aril surrounding its seed. When pollinators are limited or when ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Gac is valued for the nutritious aril surrounding its seed. When pollinators are limited or when flower sex expression is female-biased, hand pollination is necessary. Here, female flowers were hand pollinated with male flowers or pollen stored for up to 84 days at 4 or −20 °C, and fruit set and some qualities of mature fruit were evaluated. Cool storage reduced pollen viability (germinability and pollen tube length) and compromised fruit set (10–87%) compared with fresh pollen (97%). Fruit weight was also reduced at least by 8%, and oil concentration in aril by 40%. However, the lycopene and β-carotene concentrations in aril were largely uncompromised, and some fruits were of a marketable weight (&gt;1.2 kg) and quality. Cool storage is a low-cost method for the short-term storage of Gac pollen. However, methods for drying pollen to an inactive state need investigation for a storage protocol, and for improvements in fruit set and fruit physicochemical qualities using hand pollination.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c46756384a4980dcc94da569acc29aaf" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335672,"asset_id":61234436,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335672/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234436"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234436"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234436; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234436]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234436]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234436; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234436']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c46756384a4980dcc94da569acc29aaf" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234436]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234436,"title":"Reduced Pollination Efficiency Compromises Some Physicochemical Qualities in Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) Fruit","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234436/Reduced_Pollination_Efficiency_Compromises_Some_Physicochemical_Qualities_in_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Spreng_Fruit","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335672,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335672/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335672/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Reduced_Pollination_Efficiency_Compromis.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335672/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336458=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DReduced_Pollination_Efficiency_Compromis.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=FHCK4Lk0DkifYi2qQGJMBx1eJhfmPiZe~v51XPl0GAYcU8r0T8lZZcpK--R7HzPLbKXbFXjB97R6pZn4INZb-c5oMFfn1hNdTZuyl9lGaqDylLbsVVOw5KggbrCWY6ZLEu~9Yexdi-u7mkfxroLJT~JDsf8Mc7UiNTtbsfwHQ7uTSWVoejWKZ~JVOsPe~ng4NBNLeCuzBu-tUWq6XCu9pbFubgTfYQvYDttCq40qDrESTqZMGvP5c4qI~TwmCQgpJrye3fnJsGSdGzh08LE6fJPkRSskXEyDgK7PnFs2cMeMxXLTT2Cdogip~yVhewG6pddwIQehGgRe98iT8CiK2A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":74335666,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335666/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335666/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Reduced_Pollination_Efficiency_Compromis.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335666/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336459=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DReduced_Pollination_Efficiency_Compromis.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=Smj8gcGuffhdXaoAamKMOKDUDlSYbyu8ksDhlyXv-jmCDe2ITG3nLyd-lLQkqR9q7giYY4lq6GUO7PXqG5--Bg3pSao2xvQdTcc-xPJSPohRrm6wpLu6cLlGH5erattt7xZDalhIth3twXFncirGHwjlRa41BpERiD2r6VkGtZ5US-FDEiD4dq-mzONHzIk9-0iGXtHJyg7qWmwyGBVJn8p2C5nvP8cMYO8PK7mByt39-RJGNvEQWENUFEghvqrwQ~D5433KsvNXerhEaeaE~AM3I2vivXXx~zcX8Aqd4Tmdf4ne1RVGPNo1sD3Lyj39OVcDWsYNY-u8sdmR1dwCmw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234435"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234435/Improving_the_Vanillin_Sulphuric_Acid_Method_for_Quantifying_Total_Saponins"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Improving the Vanillin-Sulphuric Acid Method for Quantifying Total Saponins" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335670/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234435/Improving_the_Vanillin_Sulphuric_Acid_Method_for_Quantifying_Total_Saponins">Improving the Vanillin-Sulphuric Acid Method for Quantifying Total Saponins</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Technologies</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The colorimetric assay used for saponin quantification in plant extracts is subject to interferen...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The colorimetric assay used for saponin quantification in plant extracts is subject to interference by common solvents used to extract the saponins from plant materials. Therefore, the degree of interference of ten common solvents was investigated. It was found that the presence of acetone, methanol and n-butanol in the reaction solution caused an intense darkening of the reaction solution in the absence of saponins, which likely could lead to erroneous saponin content values. Using aescin to construct standard curves with different solvents—such as water, ethanol, and methanol— also showed significant differences in the standard curves obtained, which led to different values when they were applied to quantify the saponin content of an ethanol extract from dried and powdered Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng) seed kernels. To improve the method, a solvent evaporation step was added prior to the colorisation reaction to prevent undesired solvent interference during the reaction s...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3ad2c176d61e1d13375b68dbb751134a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335670,"asset_id":61234435,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335670/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234435"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234435"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234435; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234435]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234435]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234435; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234435']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3ad2c176d61e1d13375b68dbb751134a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234435]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234435,"title":"Improving the Vanillin-Sulphuric Acid Method for Quantifying Total Saponins","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234435/Improving_the_Vanillin_Sulphuric_Acid_Method_for_Quantifying_Total_Saponins","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335670,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335670/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335670/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Improving_the_Vanillin_Sulphuric_Acid_Me.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335670/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336458=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DImproving_the_Vanillin_Sulphuric_Acid_Me.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=M2JdgNxMZ~~opcuvwYY0tYjwkXMjhFDORQQi6Cl3EiSH37gXvD0TK7yYs6EqjFbvAGygMiSCQ~VIBBo38-TQdkO5jCGETK9u35QWOgtkKxOfvFryYE6wS6Ql5ihphQF-cfFgHhoPA1u5Rj0HOBe2ajaSAd45wvR~MTD6ChajIcRk6My7Sl6drvbozI-9jeuE-Z7yJsMDkR9F~5-FcRDU1Vf1oF3jSfHw9Iz3VL8cCpjKhoPCxXe5H~~OV1G7fS~GmGU8B9FbHGJzTAPqDrF2DgNUC-G19F6iwuIwjNqWDenIjneTFzNb7VX~xfWQvooaat3hkIXAQH3AmzLTvUYV-Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":74335671,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335671/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335671/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Improving_the_Vanillin_Sulphuric_Acid_Me.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335671/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336457=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DImproving_the_Vanillin_Sulphuric_Acid_Me.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=hO1Po0~jAyn8txcQStZe8rtsk-aDOq0mUBby7l8nRL7aRMkdSouWlf4sCdBU2j6yO92glio9rCCe9R1fOJuWL1IlA0TsRXJumT-n7hnR3uC0TntAkDVPdbZhV0dvHnSN6lGznwCGRT8g83Qot9-12Qg4C-JMAu6Cj1xIJDu6LhFhQQCGA9bTHWa9YgFy6gyInNZK2AW0GaVBRUCExTZM8JBQcjx-L~fgpeJcSbByk3R9YcPZaxMyn-zoZ0GwDE4DjySAMEnWQd9RL6QfSpLQv7~G-Mgn90qkfWVQ09dPWUZDLPg0TTDNxct9ESdG25T8kPfjCIddIooxP68kS4P7sw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234434"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234434/Ultrasound_Assisted_Extraction_of_GAC_Peel_An_Optimization_of_Extraction_Conditions_for_Recovering_Carotenoids_and_Antioxidant_Capacity"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of GAC Peel: An Optimization of Extraction Conditions for Recovering Carotenoids and Antioxidant Capacity" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335675/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234434/Ultrasound_Assisted_Extraction_of_GAC_Peel_An_Optimization_of_Extraction_Conditions_for_Recovering_Carotenoids_and_Antioxidant_Capacity">Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of GAC Peel: An Optimization of Extraction Conditions for Recovering Carotenoids and Antioxidant Capacity</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Processes</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The peel of Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.), which is considered as waste of Gac pr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The peel of Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.), which is considered as waste of Gac processing, has been found to possess high levels of carotenoids and other antioxidants. This study aimed at determining the optimal conditions of an ultrasound-assisted extraction for recovering carotenoids and antioxidant capacity from Gac peel. A response surface methodology using the Box–Behnken design was employed to investigate the impact of extraction time, temperature and ultrasonic power on the recovery of total carotenoid and antioxidant capacity. The results showed that an extraction time of 76 min, temperature of 50 °C and ultrasonic power of 250 W were the optimal conditions for the extraction. The experimental carotenoid yield and antioxidant capacity obtained under the optimal extraction conditions were validated as 269 mg/100 g DW (dry weight) and 822 µM TE (Trolox equivalent)/100 g DW, respectively. These values were not significantly different from the values predicted by...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="32abcb3c1ee0c759f1a11ff054743921" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335675,"asset_id":61234434,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335675/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234434"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234434"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234434; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234434]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234434]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234434; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234434']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "32abcb3c1ee0c759f1a11ff054743921" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234434]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234434,"title":"Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of GAC Peel: An Optimization of Extraction Conditions for Recovering Carotenoids and Antioxidant Capacity","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234434/Ultrasound_Assisted_Extraction_of_GAC_Peel_An_Optimization_of_Extraction_Conditions_for_Recovering_Carotenoids_and_Antioxidant_Capacity","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335675,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335675/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335675/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Ultrasound_Assisted_Extraction_of_GAC_Pe.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335675/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336458=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DUltrasound_Assisted_Extraction_of_GAC_Pe.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=Bfz88k8aqePgUL2HaFFHkWKaNhgJ6WoMA44x6NpB1vy3z1gu4ls3CZw~yX8BB9Ey3T2Rh4X0~8y6HJMCnLWqyzupnWfXeuFSTv60VHLEMPJu~huzoYIqgaE46flfMamZdhTtaEQnolaODVKHpGvKl8SrOHKM3UHstb5g2I-JcIBpgJ4Ij0BuFaSyjNblm1edZs5zTu0Z4gFyV~qrJddiLJoj9GwHiJhKT5sgBwDw4gTcGIV6qpmcpzSQZb7RFUK0zhwEEIYKRwwSmw~gTEYGN8fC2y9fH9H72f51sE2fDARXfYGiLaIJWW2HJc7JlZLcS3yu9fXXxu1y~eefYQFdMg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234433"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234433/Physicochemical_Properties_of_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Lour_Spreng_Seeds_and_Their_Oil_Extracted_by_Supercritical_Carbon_Dioxide_and_Soxhlet_Methods"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Physicochemical Properties of Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng) Seeds and Their Oil Extracted by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Soxhlet Methods" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335667/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234433/Physicochemical_Properties_of_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Lour_Spreng_Seeds_and_Their_Oil_Extracted_by_Supercritical_Carbon_Dioxide_and_Soxhlet_Methods">Physicochemical Properties of Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng) Seeds and Their Oil Extracted by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Soxhlet Methods</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Technologies</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Gac seeds are high in oil, but there are few studies on its extraction and characteristics. This ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Gac seeds are high in oil, but there are few studies on its extraction and characteristics. This study aimed to characterise Gac seeds and investigate the physicochemical properties of Gac seed oil extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) and hexane (Soxhlet). The Gac seed kernel accounted for 66.4 ± 2.7% of the seed weight, and 53.02 ± 1.27% of it was oil. The SC-CO2 oil had a higher quality than the Soxhlet oil for important criteria, such as peroxide (0.12 ± 0.02 vs. 1.80 ± 0.01 meq O2/kg oil), free fatty acid (1.74 ± 0.12 vs. 2.47 ± 0.09 mg KOH/g oil) and unsaponifiable matter (33.2 ± 1.5 vs. 52.6 ± 2.4 g/kg) values, respectively. It also had a better colour (light yellow vs. dark greenish brown) and a higher antioxidant capacity measured with the DPPH (52.69 ± 0.06 vs. 42.98 ± 0.02 µmol Trolox equivalent/g oil) and ABTS (2.10 ± 0.12 vs. 1.52 ± 0.06 µmol Trolox equivalent/g oil) assays. However, a higher yield (53.02 ± 1.27 vs. 34.1 ± 0.8%) was obtained for the Soxhl...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3e2b16796d9a081b439d8276a83d189b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335667,"asset_id":61234433,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335667/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234433"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234433"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234433; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234433]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234433]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234433; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234433']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3e2b16796d9a081b439d8276a83d189b" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234433]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234433,"title":"Physicochemical Properties of Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng) Seeds and Their Oil Extracted by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Soxhlet Methods","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234433/Physicochemical_Properties_of_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Lour_Spreng_Seeds_and_Their_Oil_Extracted_by_Supercritical_Carbon_Dioxide_and_Soxhlet_Methods","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335667,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335667/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335667/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Physicochemical_Properties_of_Gac_Momord.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335667/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336459=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPhysicochemical_Properties_of_Gac_Momord.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=f0M9pb2yAGpFdRtI2Hylva3KI1inCFFuN-fUM5nD4HSNY700j1y6M42~N3jR6GJhtGvUTdmaB6A8soFbr8KG88LVGbkzq5d3-24-x~5gdkMNQnYdbZ8qmFcL3AgTB0ZwUyXIF~riBHQFoL3Q0aUCb~wL211IL5ym2e-qzAfnSGEkc9Gsuu-LQczpPo-V0nMP85l75iPc2ci7jBavUGh5S20276ign4xm4p-KMLrxwbzckXGekLasFThPvZfu4eO4REED-wSLGtbMAhNSKcw5WulJNLXyMeNLWHS-JToLQqosIDh4RgQAkA2~2AtDPhGgp-98qD00Zlp8bVV8dtwK8Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":74335665,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335665/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335665/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Physicochemical_Properties_of_Gac_Momord.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335665/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336459=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPhysicochemical_Properties_of_Gac_Momord.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=hA3rUi6-rx~VNTw1y56t860DLvhwS8~kXAANQG26LlnnxiUqh8vB1BxLRVutFDg9zg-SX7yTaPmFb7V~SYeDthndCqChYRUCN5WN5Mw7Y2FJRSx9CSB31v1dc4vdpsfcwFAc3mrTWLSRf7uWNCtVujedjsxW2wiXm5zJ0cz1rlPQu3GTsyNRi9OeJ82sKuh9Hq6m~5dyBsI42i11zFZ0L52EEOT-KokNgUf8va-6lSofQZbXWu3ueVOi9MIht95nki3pE6Jhm6zzmyVrKvoTPEIaJMtRFXx50of2wDAh5vxdFhthUsemnQYgMjQmnM0csCnTyGxq8iVr9eqWO5YCcw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234432"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234432/Improved_propagation_methods_for_GAC_Momordica_Cochinchinensis_Spreng_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Improved propagation methods for GAC (Momordica Cochinchinensis Spreng.)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234432/Improved_propagation_methods_for_GAC_Momordica_Cochinchinensis_Spreng_">Improved propagation methods for GAC (Momordica Cochinchinensis Spreng.)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Experimental Agriculture</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Gac is a dioecious tropical and perennial climber. The fruit is a rich source of carotenoids and ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Gac is a dioecious tropical and perennial climber. The fruit is a rich source of carotenoids and is used in traditional cuisine and medicine. Improving propagation methods using simple techniques would increase production and improve conservation in regional areas. This study evaluated temperature requirements for seed germination, the use of rooting hormones to strike female cuttings and the grafting of female scions onto seedling rootstock. Seed germination was optimised between 25 and 35 °C, with a maximum germination percentage of 91% at 30 °C. However, increasing storage time from 6 to 18 months under laboratory conditions (21 ± 1°C and 60% relative humidity) reduced germination and this was associated with seed weight loss, highlighting the need to develop storage guidelines, particularly for the higher temperature and humidity conditions where Gac is grown. Survival of softwood cuttings was improved from 53 to 77% with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (3–5 g/L) and semi-hardwood c...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234432"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234432"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234432; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234432]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234432]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234432; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234432']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234432]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234432,"title":"Improved propagation methods for GAC (Momordica Cochinchinensis Spreng.)","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234432/Improved_propagation_methods_for_GAC_Momordica_Cochinchinensis_Spreng_","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234431"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234431/Effect_of_Solvents_and_Extraction_Methods_on_Recovery_of_Bioactive_Compounds_from_Defatted_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Spreng_Seeds"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Solvents and Extraction Methods on Recovery of Bioactive Compounds from Defatted Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) Seeds" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335669/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234431/Effect_of_Solvents_and_Extraction_Methods_on_Recovery_of_Bioactive_Compounds_from_Defatted_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Spreng_Seeds">Effect of Solvents and Extraction Methods on Recovery of Bioactive Compounds from Defatted Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) Seeds</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Separations</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) seeds contain bioactive compounds with medicinal properti...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) seeds contain bioactive compounds with medicinal properties. This study aimed to determine a suitable solvent and extraction technique for recovery of important compounds, namely, trypsin inhibitors, saponins, and phenolics. The antioxidant capacity and total solids of derived extracts were also measured. Water with conventional extraction method gave the highest value of trypsin inhibitor activity (118.45 ± 4.90 mg trypsin g−1) while water-saturated n-butanol and methanol extracts were characterized by their highest content of saponins (40.75 ± 0.31 and 38.80 ± 2.82 mg AE g−1, respectively). Aqueous extract with microwave assistance achieved the highest phenolics (3.18 ± 0.04 mg GAE g−1). As a measure of antioxidant capacity, the 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) assay gave highest value to the aqueous microwave extract (23.56 ± 0.82 μmol TE g−1) while the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) as...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a4e4bd071a7f138aaafd2965b7535f84" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335669,"asset_id":61234431,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335669/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234431"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234431"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234431; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234431]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234431]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234431; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234431']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a4e4bd071a7f138aaafd2965b7535f84" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234431]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234431,"title":"Effect of Solvents and Extraction Methods on Recovery of Bioactive Compounds from Defatted Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) Seeds","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234431/Effect_of_Solvents_and_Extraction_Methods_on_Recovery_of_Bioactive_Compounds_from_Defatted_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Spreng_Seeds","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335669,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335669/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335669/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Solvents_and_Extraction_Method.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335669/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336459=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Solvents_and_Extraction_Method.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=QcF3-M2LvQmaA6VlPj0SE-7i4wzUGH4Bd6fC5boDM3n-p3DTa0Iwu9W3IQjyrUiLwzisDEJ2C4viKMNPl8PlWJ3jNs9OgZjcQjKoBtMGWvdFu7EL1fpbFrjE4YGXjjKzca8JbMxgFFMHZ676SFOAcLZELDbBKNNHkPWDbiaQ5gQFGluin1WKbjLFxqL5OlXnWiy3B4jMPX0nbwyKL4ZFpGtoBf1Wdvd0gIqMBTckIEpqvxB9ErXAdbMzE7K19MJE0n23npf2fomP2pNDw9JzedMnAqQaSkZTJkD0UOov-nUsilCfZMxHP7BQCTe7KqUvu-HzZHhdqBeYEKEdjttE2A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":74335663,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335663/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335663/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Solvents_and_Extraction_Method.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335663/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336459=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Solvents_and_Extraction_Method.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=cQjOXstCoGmuOhg7VubQnBzwh79-8O~1vnC0baz-80s9ls7PC-xFaorM1z86Zq6OKiZlVfkPCWT3LH8UWFI0dezA6y3OBB1bQnqPdxDi97OTSSgsjz8N3JXmlXSTkxgwVWHdHl2~4gtwUIgKnFLsZkFYPP4cz6JTHZA-mmaD21s05K6iBEZq7qvR8eAOaQKLI0CGmEkuvsnqaoGh7wTBahuqcuY7SZkpx2OuE2P8RPRkS3WnIUJ7WHA7tbZZyQ0ce3DIIFqzZZecQRukEh6~X3ki8qAnjgjZVOEVn7kQsZTZ2-OWxDZw2trajPQMkDkWPvV1Tq~Shd7C~HK4ZDfymQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234430"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234430/Optimised_Extraction_of_Trypsin_Inhibitors_from_Defatted_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Spreng_Seeds_for_Production_of_a_Trypsin_Inhibitor_Enriched_Freeze_Dried_Powder"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Optimised Extraction of Trypsin Inhibitors from Defatted Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng) Seeds for Production of a Trypsin Inhibitor‐Enriched Freeze Dried Powder" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335668/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234430/Optimised_Extraction_of_Trypsin_Inhibitors_from_Defatted_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Spreng_Seeds_for_Production_of_a_Trypsin_Inhibitor_Enriched_Freeze_Dried_Powder">Optimised Extraction of Trypsin Inhibitors from Defatted Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng) Seeds for Production of a Trypsin Inhibitor‐Enriched Freeze Dried Powder</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Separations</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The seeds of the Gac fruit, Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng, are rich in trypsin inhibitors (TIs...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The seeds of the Gac fruit, Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng, are rich in trypsin inhibitors (TIs) but their optimal extraction and the effects of freeze drying are not established. This study aims to (1) compare aqueous solvents (DI water, 0.1 M NaCl, 0.02 M NaOH and ACN)/water/FA, 25:24:1) for extracting TIs from defatted Gac seed kernel powder, (2) to optimise the extraction in terms of solvent, time and material to solvent ratio and (3) to produce a TI-enriched freeze-dried powder (FD-TIP) with good characteristics. Based on the specific TI activity (TIA), the optimal extraction was 1 h using a ratio of 2.0 g of defatted powder in 30 mL of 0.05 M NaCl. The optimisation improved the TIA and specific TIA by 8% and 13%, respectively. The FD-TIP had a high specific TIA (1.57 ± 0.17 mg trypsin/mg protein), although it also contained saponins (43.6 ± 2.3 mg AE/g) and phenolics (10.5 ± 0.3 mg GAE/g). The FD-TIP was likely stable during storage due to its very low moisture content (0.43...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="887b0ac8cd163f6449ff6bfd126e08f8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335668,"asset_id":61234430,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335668/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234430"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234430"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234430; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234430]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234430]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234430; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234430']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "887b0ac8cd163f6449ff6bfd126e08f8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234430]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234430,"title":"Optimised Extraction of Trypsin Inhibitors from Defatted Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng) Seeds for Production of a Trypsin Inhibitor‐Enriched Freeze Dried Powder","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234430/Optimised_Extraction_of_Trypsin_Inhibitors_from_Defatted_Gac_Momordica_cochinchinensis_Spreng_Seeds_for_Production_of_a_Trypsin_Inhibitor_Enriched_Freeze_Dried_Powder","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335668,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335668/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335668/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Optimised_Extraction_of_Trypsin_Inhibito.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335668/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336460=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DOptimised_Extraction_of_Trypsin_Inhibito.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=YPQHieH0k0C8G-TfazqiimHkbFosgNBu1sIJEvguDeR1psDr0TFNMGW8F4-j~eQZfMZLwm3Mc3nfdEBItDtt7I5opzak1ZExQiBVO6m75fGJWF1h3i7aoHmXBwPlcdWjVyT2QXD1KtwnprK3kKytr2bypFkg0c4hntCaaxIUcN8Z2iBiWXJkt6eK0oZdl6RcX-0eC~PtR10ndaiV9emjvlyiCUg7biCFXIY4yAxMRVDkZvEBJKSotBRMleCF5pf25mGOiOWgj3qI2OKPExU6Kgx05Hx-KiLo7EecerXu~b6zerrgt0U9dP8bU9IljUbiMyvhq~-GYCT8TiI0DRymyw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":74335664,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335664/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335664/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Optimised_Extraction_of_Trypsin_Inhibito.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335664/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336461=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DOptimised_Extraction_of_Trypsin_Inhibito.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=ew9HCqBcyZMF-N~w5tiQM5m3VtrQwUUbUz~Bq3CuWtRvXiITtZFUAQ7Ka4lBPLClbq8Acj4sFKKe8aWfWe3q9C1JlTsFK8oQsYQ538FkDs1qOMLrcgXlbNsJXdrytKKYJuVa0xBcKjNXs9kZQ1R82JKju9k7qLmwTkiJzQgBwcBsAsoq4C4vzaQlUf51XRgR3~7MKr4ScsgU-nFCGvT3wjotcLVoJhRe-ohCM5BARP-x0WJ40vRoZoH5~NLVLSCUcQS38r4z1CKqoWIutlgGzBuUzQDXad0fMP9-EDm7pL3vd2VVv1lX84lMRy1ufwQH-NYxiW2Al9hkxnEA8tefEQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234429"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234429/Yield_of_Carotenoids_Phenolic_Compounds_and_Antioxidant_Capacity_of_Extracts_from_Gac_Peel_as_Affected_by_Different_Solvents_and_Extraction_Conditions"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Yield of Carotenoids, Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity of Extracts from Gac Peel as Affected by Different Solvents and Extraction Conditions" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335662/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234429/Yield_of_Carotenoids_Phenolic_Compounds_and_Antioxidant_Capacity_of_Extracts_from_Gac_Peel_as_Affected_by_Different_Solvents_and_Extraction_Conditions">Yield of Carotenoids, Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity of Extracts from Gac Peel as Affected by Different Solvents and Extraction Conditions</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Advanced Agricultural Technologies</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) is a rich source of bioactive compounds especially ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) is a rich source of bioactive compounds especially carotenoids. Currently, only the aril of the Gac fruit is processed and the peel is discarded although it contains high levels of carotenoids and phenolic compounds, which could be extracted for commercial use. In the present study, solvent type, ratio of solvent to material, extraction time and temperature were investigated for the extraction yields of carotenoids and phenolic compounds, the antioxidant activity of the extract from Gac peel. Ethyl acetate extract showed the highest extraction yield of carotenoids, phenolics and ABTS antioxidant capacity. The highest levels of carotenoid yield and antioxidant capacity were obtained at 2 hours of extraction with the ratio of solvent to material of 20:1 (ml/g). Phenolic extraction yield reached the highest level after 2.5 hours of extraction and rose with the increase in extraction temperature while the highest extraction yield of carotenoids was obtained at 40 to 50°C and declined at higher temperature. The extraction using ethyl acetate with the ratio of 20:1 (ml solvent/g Gac peel) for 2 hours at 50°C is suggested for extraction of bioactives from Gac peel.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="842365c7e228f7c54d4851f3fbaeecce" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335662,"asset_id":61234429,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335662/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234429"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234429"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234429; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234429]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234429]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234429; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234429']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "842365c7e228f7c54d4851f3fbaeecce" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234429]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234429,"title":"Yield of Carotenoids, Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity of Extracts from Gac Peel as Affected by Different Solvents and Extraction Conditions","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234429/Yield_of_Carotenoids_Phenolic_Compounds_and_Antioxidant_Capacity_of_Extracts_from_Gac_Peel_as_Affected_by_Different_Solvents_and_Extraction_Conditions","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335662,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335662/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"20170331065228971.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335662/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Yield_of_Carotenoids_Phenolic_Compounds.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335662/20170331065228971-libre.pdf?1636336459=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DYield_of_Carotenoids_Phenolic_Compounds.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=Ae0-auC3DMnGXeen0ePdwDYjn5asp1tudYJ9iJSa~yf8pY0SGSLmm6slmy1u5narolJFHTE4c3QarjBlzyY6UKdWwdZnbjlHLTGmlD7T6vGPtT9IK5TnJ1HvlQecSYbbByZUc-4C~R~onBres~63PpwfmisJmzQOH~2MmktKXiEtbFHirZRIubyEqITj29IoPBdMIDqk1uafMH3vaud16O-cIw0pYfoijzqmPie9c4m-P7onUmRnSYKnuOuiDjd4Vd-shAESlzcukkCkbp4NHTL-bRU7NMV~legmwt6ee~YAAbSOIS2128DuQk~BKloScdOu2GPpL2UeCzw-q3XVRA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":74335661,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335661/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"20170331065228971.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335661/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Yield_of_Carotenoids_Phenolic_Compounds.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335661/20170331065228971-libre.pdf?1636336459=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DYield_of_Carotenoids_Phenolic_Compounds.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=g4bmqD3Kd6P2j9vIe00U05bY~~emq~mcA~g1q2ebwM0oQ8mko~9YW~ZvFJzohYHFcHtMC8WSkn~4esoan0wmSR2TllI2eXAuDVcU62eTrgpDWLY9vLof5qspRlI2Y9vkBY7A0P3VEygHNGgAItKGLbKsK9sx0Xr4sCKy-ia5gYFnJccKnndLCOb7-rY32XmWJvJUeQ1TFppcJnPmRrgugq~jjcCeJ1JGsM5CA9aNTUFmeEhjfg1FvxNh4Cv95aUmkl6CDHzdXSRk5U2eUD37uyaCPoGFocSXUwl6Z-Dk~GGzlihvOR08mJO9-IyhYpXhJPix47gA66so2vAVK5iyYg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234428"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234428/Encapsulation_of_carotenoid_rich_oil_from_Gac_peel_Optimisation_of_the_encapsulating_process_using_a_spray_drier_and_the_storage_stability_of_encapsulated_powder"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Encapsulation of carotenoid-rich oil from Gac peel: Optimisation of the encapsulating process using a spray drier and the storage stability of encapsulated powder" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234428/Encapsulation_of_carotenoid_rich_oil_from_Gac_peel_Optimisation_of_the_encapsulating_process_using_a_spray_drier_and_the_storage_stability_of_encapsulated_powder">Encapsulation of carotenoid-rich oil from Gac peel: Optimisation of the encapsulating process using a spray drier and the storage stability of encapsulated powder</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Powder Technology</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234428"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234428"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234428; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234428]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234428]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234428; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234428']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234428]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234428,"title":"Encapsulation of carotenoid-rich oil from Gac peel: Optimisation of the encapsulating process using a spray drier and the storage stability of encapsulated powder","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234428/Encapsulation_of_carotenoid_rich_oil_from_Gac_peel_Optimisation_of_the_encapsulating_process_using_a_spray_drier_and_the_storage_stability_of_encapsulated_powder","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234427"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234427/_content_Bioactive_Composition_Antioxidant_Activity_and_Anticancer_Potential_of_Freeze_Dried_Extracts_from_Defatted_Gac_Spreng_Seeds_i_content_Momordica_cochinchinensis_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of {"__content__"=>"Bioactive Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Anticancer Potential of Freeze-Dried Extracts from Defatted Gac ( Spreng) Seeds.", "i"=>{"__content__"=>"Momordica cochinchinensis"}}" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335705/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234427/_content_Bioactive_Composition_Antioxidant_Activity_and_Anticancer_Potential_of_Freeze_Dried_Extracts_from_Defatted_Gac_Spreng_Seeds_i_content_Momordica_cochinchinensis_">{"__content__"=>"Bioactive Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Anticancer Potential of Freeze-Dried Extracts from Defatted Gac ( Spreng) Seeds.", "i"=>{"__content__"=>"Momordica cochinchinensis"}}</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Medicines (Basel, Switzerland)</span><span>, Jan 18, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Gac ( Spreng) seeds have long been used in traditional medicine as a remedy for numerous conditio...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Gac ( Spreng) seeds have long been used in traditional medicine as a remedy for numerous conditions due to a range of bioactive compounds. This study investigated the solvent extraction of compounds that could be responsible for antioxidant activity and anticancer potential. Defatted Gac seed kernel powder was extracted with different solvents: 100% water, 50% methanol:water, 70% ethanol:water, water saturated butanol, 100% methanol, and 100% ethanol. Trypsin inhibitors, saponins, phenolics, and antioxidant activity using the 2,2&#39;-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays; and anticancer potential against two melanoma cancer cell lines (MM418C1 and D24) were analysed to determine the best extraction solvents. Water was best for extracting trypsin inhibitors (581.4 ± 18.5 mg trypsin/mg) and reducing the viability of MM418C1 and D24 melanoma cells (75.5 ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="423ff30a171ce45a6aa3a5dc33a7ecd6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335705,"asset_id":61234427,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335705/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234427"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234427"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234427; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234427]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234427]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234427; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234427']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "423ff30a171ce45a6aa3a5dc33a7ecd6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234427]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234427,"title":"{\"__content__\"=\u003e\"Bioactive Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Anticancer Potential of Freeze-Dried Extracts from Defatted Gac ( Spreng) Seeds.\", \"i\"=\u003e{\"__content__\"=\u003e\"Momordica cochinchinensis\"}}","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234427/_content_Bioactive_Composition_Antioxidant_Activity_and_Anticancer_Potential_of_Freeze_Dried_Extracts_from_Defatted_Gac_Spreng_Seeds_i_content_Momordica_cochinchinensis_","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335705,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335705/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335705/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"content_Bioactive_Composition_Antioxida.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335705/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336460=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3Dcontent_Bioactive_Composition_Antioxida.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=GPmAusEZ50IlDtRDvknW1Mt8PBq0riZJwTCjauNrPAIegEhytx~mFfp5Gpv1E~kGpmR-B2lHtIKzXdRdJvgn6Z6gUZUN0ZCCgHG4BpXLy3f0uie3J0pBL2Ell~G~2wk7Sh7nMmSrdAVUmAgvZg99CdCTvJQKnWu6QMZI2HXXhSTnjJnzebKHYY5SzgBc9PN1SEJifTJWWCe3KfDRLSzQO37I1B8JmtY7QeHVBhKo9XQD0DQoBMu6U2ZckwMxvTN517b~J~ZhEpaBp2HkRlSwDmc5hrzTFBwash38ukkjfMZ05oCXyd~fnb-M7ZHQQZEJU6IJmzsnPhQ0rZb9p589Rw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234426"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234426/_content_Optimisation_of_the_Microwave_Assisted_Ethanol_Extraction_of_Saponins_from_Gac_Spreng_Seeds_i_content_Momordica_cochinchinensis_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of {"__content__"=>"Optimisation of the Microwave-Assisted Ethanol Extraction of Saponins from Gac ( Spreng.) Seeds.", "i"=>{"__content__"=>"Momordica cochinchinensis"}}" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335704/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234426/_content_Optimisation_of_the_Microwave_Assisted_Ethanol_Extraction_of_Saponins_from_Gac_Spreng_Seeds_i_content_Momordica_cochinchinensis_">{"__content__"=>"Optimisation of the Microwave-Assisted Ethanol Extraction of Saponins from Gac ( Spreng.) Seeds.", "i"=>{"__content__"=>"Momordica cochinchinensis"}}</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Medicines (Basel, Switzerland)</span><span>, Jan 3, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Gac ( Spreng.) seeds contain saponins that are reportedly medicinal. It was hypothesised that the...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Gac ( Spreng.) seeds contain saponins that are reportedly medicinal. It was hypothesised that the extraction of saponins from powdered Gac seed kernels could be optimised using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) with ethanol as the extraction solvent. The aim was to determine an appropriate ethanol concentration, ratio of solvent to seed powder and microwave power and time for extraction. Whether or not defatting the Gac seed powder had an impact on the extraction of saponins, was also determined. A four-fold higher total saponin content (TSC) was obtained in extracts from full-fat Gac seed kernel powder than from defatted powder (100 vs. 26 mg aescin equivalents (AE) per gram of Gac seeds). The optimal parameters for the extraction of saponins were a ratio of 30 mL of 100% absolute ethanol per g of full-fat Gac seed kernel powder with the microwave set at 360 W for three irradiation cycles of 10 s power ON and 15 s power OFF per cycle. Gac seed saponins could be efficiently extrac...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="dd73de1f124f538a14589a6b9af0f7a4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335704,"asset_id":61234426,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335704/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234426"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234426"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234426; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234426]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234426]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234426; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234426']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "dd73de1f124f538a14589a6b9af0f7a4" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234426]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234426,"title":"{\"__content__\"=\u003e\"Optimisation of the Microwave-Assisted Ethanol Extraction of Saponins from Gac ( Spreng.) Seeds.\", \"i\"=\u003e{\"__content__\"=\u003e\"Momordica cochinchinensis\"}}","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234426/_content_Optimisation_of_the_Microwave_Assisted_Ethanol_Extraction_of_Saponins_from_Gac_Spreng_Seeds_i_content_Momordica_cochinchinensis_","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335704,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335704/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335704/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"content_Optimisation_of_the_Microwave_A.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335704/pdf-libre.pdf?1636336457=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3Dcontent_Optimisation_of_the_Microwave_A.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=DIwZjfPGEqxv92plGF2PtDHTxqPo6e7J38lwvtOV3C10~FRiysw2eCYh-oB3FaYVI~RF9l7uEKF1WbhTims7qh8MyBStUopeZrHam21X6f3kc5mqk2tO1gScmiky5GRjCvcwIm0EgucqkikxolF8ldhgwM0rWteYb~oOw6XvRGMKTVAwiP9VC27aH892lf3JgrxYcBQMI-mqSFK-nhXx8hPJiivFaiIgXtuIxowA9xpdnUXNgD7nLxBArMparksuo4MiAqAwglaStXbnZoymT59FZMYtA3kT44Be9nyUnVxjnoaomvXoAXGkeQX8YzsGAMXMjXnPiutmaj5Wb~ZjvA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61234425"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234425/Microwave_assisted_extraction_and_ultrasound_assisted_extraction_for_recovering_carotenoids_from_Gac_peel_and_their_effects_on_antioxidant_capacity_of_the_extracts"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Microwave-assisted extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction for recovering carotenoids from Gac peel and their effects on antioxidant capacity of the extracts" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335703/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/61234425/Microwave_assisted_extraction_and_ultrasound_assisted_extraction_for_recovering_carotenoids_from_Gac_peel_and_their_effects_on_antioxidant_capacity_of_the_extracts">Microwave-assisted extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction for recovering carotenoids from Gac peel and their effects on antioxidant capacity of the extracts</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Food science & nutrition</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The peel of Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) contains high levels of bioactive compo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The peel of Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) contains high levels of bioactive compounds, especially carotenoids which possess significant antioxidant capacities. However, the peel of Gac is regarded as a waste from the production of carotenoid-rich oil from Gac fruit. In this study, carotenoids of Gac peel were extracted by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) using ethyl acetate as extraction solvent. The effect of extraction time and different levels of microwave and ultrasonic powers on the yield of total carotenoid and antioxidant capacity of the extracts were investigated. The results showed that an extraction at 120 W for 25 min and an extraction at 200 W for 80 min were the most effective for MAE and UAE of the Gac peel samples, respectively. The maximum carotenoid and antioxidant capacity yields of UAE were significantly higher than those of the MAE. The antioxidant capacity of extract obtained by the UAE was also signifi...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a811591088415ab2291b90ca4b1dd6c3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74335703,"asset_id":61234425,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335703/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61234425"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61234425"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234425; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234425]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61234425]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61234425; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61234425']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a811591088415ab2291b90ca4b1dd6c3" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61234425]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61234425,"title":"Microwave-assisted extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction for recovering carotenoids from Gac peel and their effects on antioxidant capacity of the extracts","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61234425/Microwave_assisted_extraction_and_ultrasound_assisted_extraction_for_recovering_carotenoids_from_Gac_peel_and_their_effects_on_antioxidant_capacity_of_the_extracts","owner_id":32619783,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":32619783,"first_name":"Sophie","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Parks","page_name":"SophieParks","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-28T17:44:14.312-07:00","display_name":"Sophie Parks","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks"},"attachments":[{"id":74335703,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74335703/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pmc5778220.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74335703/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Microwave_assisted_extraction_and_ultras.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74335703/pmc5778220-libre.pdf?1636336464=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMicrowave_assisted_extraction_and_ultras.pdf\u0026Expires=1739834913\u0026Signature=A4KDSD7T1Jm7Y4HdH9H0rQTj-6acqj~bBGsTesukRW~YY7nbWeAXwf5e9B3GChg4GtL8VHCPjqI7SV3OPnt~l-vnLjvIoBwO2Ojhf3pnlESmkLDgm3DubTDGJB-hIgYudXiNE1tPRROR6KETaZKOMrp8~dWnK632y4pt~I9jLlv4iCr9Z8h6w4XegjsbQmWEK~WmJzwCHx2BLsWs2Qwo18gBUIsqBWUtZB0BgplICsKlo5lKqAHRq5K~EfXESfBs0YTQ6n~r~N7JNI49GWi-h054mdy9tP2MhZT8Lp7TUXbUPNx3LAaETpc-UcmbE57Y4c9CtJJUQ5~pj1emm5ht5Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/google_contacts-0dfb882d836b94dbcb4a2d123d6933fc9533eda5be911641f20b4eb428429600.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $('.js-google-connect-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); GoogleContacts.authorize_and_show_contacts(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); $.ajax({ url: $r.api_v0_profiles_update_about_path({ subdomain_param: 'api', about: "", }), type: 'PUT', success: function(response) { location.reload(); } }); }); $('.js-work-creator-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_document_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-video-upload-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_video_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-do-this-later-button').click(function() { $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-do-this-later-button').click(function(){ $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--close').click(function(){ $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--panel').hide(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--button').click(function(){ Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserWorks({ initialWorksOffset: 20, allWorksOffset: 20, maxSections: 1 }) }); </script> </div></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile_edit-5ea339ee107c863779f560dd7275595239fed73f1a13d279d2b599a28c0ecd33.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/add_coauthor-22174b608f9cb871d03443cafa7feac496fb50d7df2d66a53f5ee3c04ba67f53.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/tab-dcac0130902f0cc2d8cb403714dd47454f11fc6fb0e99ae6a0827b06613abc20.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb window.ae = window.ae || {}; window.ae.WowProfile = window.ae.WowProfile || {}; if(Aedu.User.current && Aedu.User.current.id === $viewedUser.id) { window.ae.WowProfile.current_user_edit = {}; new WowProfileEdit.EditUploadView({ el: '.js-edit-upload-button-wrapper', model: window.$current_user, }); new AddCoauthor.AddCoauthorsController(); } var userInfoView = new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserInfo({ recaptcha_key: "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB" }); WowProfile.router = new WowProfile.Router({ userInfoView: userInfoView }); Backbone.history.start({ pushState: true, root: "/" + $viewedUser.page_name }); new WowProfile.UserWorksNav() }); </script> </div> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; } .sign-in-with-apple-button > div { margin: 0 auto; / This centers the Apple-rendered button horizontally }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span   ="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "28c1dd71c7f8a741d7f928b959db102f472fe7b36205c6ba09133f71e8ef1857", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="BOwu5sm1_3cD-I6fJRN9bePpstAUMAN2l0m8-nd1lsPkjmjRUidDku-AiliYSVt-Y1G795Vk_DHCmXD3rApaBw" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://independent.academia.edu/SophieParks" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="WdvyjUHNBdzQM7A0cPmvEN292LWGln-r5HEVOZXY2RG5ubS62l-5OTxLtPPNo4kDXQXRkgfCgOyxodk0TqcV1Q" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><script src="https://recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script> <script> var invisibleRecaptchaSubmit = function () { var closestForm = function (ele) { var curEle = ele.parentNode; while (curEle.nodeName !== 'FORM' && curEle.nodeName !== 'BODY'){ curEle = curEle.parentNode; } return curEle.nodeName === 'FORM' ? curEle : null }; var eles = document.getElementsByClassName('g-recaptcha'); if (eles.length > 0) { var form = closestForm(eles[0]); if (form) { form.submit(); } } }; </script> <input type="submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" data-callback="invisibleRecaptchaSubmit" class="g-recaptcha btn btn-primary btn-block" value="Email me a link" value=""/> </form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account? <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div class="bootstrap" id="footer"><div class="footer-content clearfix text-center padding-top-7x" style="width:100%;"><ul class="footer-links-secondary footer-links-wide list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/journals">Academia.edu Journals</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg> <strong>We're Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg> <strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer-links-tertiary list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li class="small">Find new research papers in:</li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="DesignSystem" id="credit" style="width:100%;"><ul class="u-pl0x footer-links-legal list-inline"><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia ©2025</li></ul></div><script> //<![CDATA[ window.detect_gmtoffset = true; window.Academia && window.Academia.set_gmtoffset && Academia.set_gmtoffset('/gmtoffset'); //]]> </script> <div id='overlay_background'></div> <div id='bootstrap-modal-container' class='bootstrap'></div> <div id='ds-modal-container' class='bootstrap DesignSystem'></div> <div id='full-screen-modal'></div> </div> </body> </html>