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"https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F124414944%2FDrag_Tests_on_Foul_release_Coatings_with_Biofilms_using_an_Axisymmetric_Testing_Body%3Fauto%3Ddownload"; window.loswp.translateUrl = "https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F124414944%2FDrag_Tests_on_Foul_release_Coatings_with_Biofilms_using_an_Axisymmetric_Testing_Body%3Fshow_translation%3Dtrue"; window.loswp.previewableAttachments = [{"id":118644995,"identifier":"Attachment_118644995","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":124414944,"created_at":"2024-10-04T04:49:44.754-07:00","from_world_paper_id":259835374,"updated_at":"2024-11-29T16:17:26.061-08:00","_data":{"ai_title_tag":"Evaluating Foul-Release Coatings Against Biofilm Drag","grobid_abstract":"Biofilms are recognized as unwanted microfouling settlements which can increase frictional drag by up to 10% or more and subsequently reduce the efficiency of ships and other moving marine structures such as tidal turbines. Generally, assessing the impacts of macrofouling (weed/barnacle) on antifouling paint performance is easier than for microfouling. This is due to the heterogeneous structure and dynamic properties of biofilms, and the difficulty of simulation and assessment regarding surface roughness and frictional force. This research aims to investigate the effects of Foul-Release (FR) coatings on ship performance with a focus on the impacts of marine biofilms. For this purpose, the Emerson Cavitation Tunnel (ECT) research team designed a biofilm cultivation tank to allow the growth of fresh water biofilm under dynamic conditions on circular test cylinders. Before and after growth of biofilms on these cylinders, roughness measurements were conducted for aluminium cylinders coated with two foul-release commercial paints, along with one control aluminium reference surface, using a portable laser profilometer device. Moreover, the behaviour and effects of biofilms on frictional drag characteristics of different FR coating surfaces was assessed using the torpedo shaped axisymmetric test body of the ECT. Assessments have shown that biofilm chamber can be successfully used for only biofilm growth on target surfaces and avoiding possibility of biofilm to evolve to macrofouling species. The tests and subsequent analysis indicated that these two FR coatings have very low surface roughness values, and good antifouling performance when even covered with heavy biofilm. Further research is underway to investigate this.","publication_date":"2015,,","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"118644995"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Drag Tests on Foul-release Coatings with Biofilms using an Axisymmetric Testing Body","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [180416823]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div 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class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Drag Tests on Foul-release Coatings with Biofilms using an Axisymmetric Testing Body</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="180416823" href="https://strathclyde.academia.edu/mehmetAtlar"><img alt="Profile image of mehmet Atlar" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/180416823/50260543/38265902/s65_mehmet.atlar.jpg" />mehmet Atlar</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2015</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" 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data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="22278968" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22278968/The_development_of_foul_release_coatings_for_seagoing_vessels">The development of foul-release coatings for seagoing vessels</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="43512699" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MaximCandries">Maxim Candries</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of the Institute of Marine Engineering, Science and Technology Part B: Journal of Marine Design and Operations</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper is a record of the work of an informal, interdisciplinary group, which contributed to the development of what has come to be known as foul-release coatings. 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The paper close...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The development of foul-release coatings for seagoing vessels","attachmentId":42927102,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22278968/The_development_of_foul_release_coatings_for_seagoing_vessels","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/22278968/The_development_of_foul_release_coatings_for_seagoing_vessels"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="8804431" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8804431/DRAG_BOUNDARY_LAYER_AND_ROUGHNESS_CHARACTERISTICS_OF_MARINE_SURFACES_COATED_WITH_ANTIFOULINGS"> DRAG, BOUNDARY-LAYER AND ROUGHNESS CHARACTERISTICS OF MARINE SURFACES COATED WITH ANTIFOULINGS</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="19078152" href="https://ugent.academia.edu/MaximCandries">Maxim Candries</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":" DRAG, BOUNDARY-LAYER AND ROUGHNESS CHARACTERISTICS OF MARINE SURFACES COATED WITH ANTIFOULINGS","attachmentId":35151590,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/8804431/DRAG_BOUNDARY_LAYER_AND_ROUGHNESS_CHARACTERISTICS_OF_MARINE_SURFACES_COATED_WITH_ANTIFOULINGS","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/8804431/DRAG_BOUNDARY_LAYER_AND_ROUGHNESS_CHARACTERISTICS_OF_MARINE_SURFACES_COATED_WITH_ANTIFOULINGS"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="71588269" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/71588269/Foul_Release_Systems_and_Drag_Observations_on_How_the_Coatings_Work">Foul Release Systems and Drag: Observations on How the Coatings Work</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="180416823" href="https://strathclyde.academia.edu/mehmetAtlar">mehmet Atlar</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2001</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">When marine fouling organisms attach to a ship, they create an uneven surface on the hull and increase the drag on it. Coatings are used to help minimize drag by keeping ship hulls free of fouling. Most antifouling coatings on ship hulls contain biocides and release them to control fouling settlement. Foul release coatings (FRCs) work differently, by preventing the settlement of the fouling by providing a low-friction, ultra-smooth surface onto which organisms have great difficulty attaching. Because FRCs are developed on the basis of an entirely different method for controlling fouling, it is helpful to understand this method to study their effectiveness. This article focuses on 2 issues relevant to drag and FRCs. It first discusses the preliminary findings from towing tests conducted to study the relationship of smoothness of the surface to drag on ships coated with FRCs. It then discusses the effects of slime fouling on drag on FRCs and self-polishing co-polymers. Observations ab...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Foul Release Systems and Drag: Observations on How the Coatings Work","attachmentId":80867484,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/71588269/Foul_Release_Systems_and_Drag_Observations_on_How_the_Coatings_Work","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/71588269/Foul_Release_Systems_and_Drag_Observations_on_How_the_Coatings_Work"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="125820630" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125820630/Surface_properties_influence_marine_biofilm_rheology_with_implications_for_ship_drag">Surface properties influence marine biofilm rheology, with implications for ship drag</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="39334583" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JulianWharton">Julian Wharton</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Soft Matter, 2023</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Surface properties influence marine biofilm rheology, with implications for ship drag","attachmentId":119794473,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/125820630/Surface_properties_influence_marine_biofilm_rheology_with_implications_for_ship_drag","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/125820630/Surface_properties_influence_marine_biofilm_rheology_with_implications_for_ship_drag"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="79872961" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/79872961/Experimental_Assessment_of_the_Performance_of_Two_Marine_Coatings_to_Curb_Biofilm_Formation_of_Microfoulers">Experimental Assessment of the Performance of Two Marine Coatings to Curb Biofilm Formation of Microfoulers</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="56748965" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ElisabeteSilva37">Elisabete Silva</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Coatings, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Biofilms formed on submerged marine surfaces play a critical role in the fouling process, causing increased fuel consumption, corrosion, and high maintenance costs. Thus, marine biofouling is a major issue and motivates the development of antifouling coatings. In this study, the performance of two commercial marine coatings, a foul-release silicone-based paint (SilRef) and an epoxy resin (EpoRef), was evaluated regarding their abilities to prevent biofilm formation by Cyanobium sp. and Pseudoalteromonas tunicata (common microfoulers). Biofilms were developed under defined hydrodynamic conditions to simulate marine settings, and the number of biofilm cells, wet weight, and thickness were monitored for 7 weeks. The biofilm structure was analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) at the end-point. Results demonstrated that EpoRef surfaces were effective in inhibiting biofilm formation at initial stages (until day 28), while SilRef surfaces showed high efficacy in decreasing ...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Experimental Assessment of the Performance of Two Marine Coatings to Curb Biofilm Formation of Microfoulers","attachmentId":86441736,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/79872961/Experimental_Assessment_of_the_Performance_of_Two_Marine_Coatings_to_Curb_Biofilm_Formation_of_Microfoulers","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/79872961/Experimental_Assessment_of_the_Performance_of_Two_Marine_Coatings_to_Curb_Biofilm_Formation_of_Microfoulers"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="120857174" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/120857174/A_multi_aspect_study_of_commercial_coatings_under_the_effect_of_surface_roughness_and_fouling">A multi-aspect study of commercial coatings under the effect of surface roughness and fouling</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="11611983" href="https://chalmers.academia.edu/VChernoray">Valery Chernoray</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Progress in Organic Coatings, 2019</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A multi-aspect study of commercial coatings under the effect of surface roughness and fouling","attachmentId":115876426,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/120857174/A_multi_aspect_study_of_commercial_coatings_under_the_effect_of_surface_roughness_and_fouling","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/120857174/A_multi_aspect_study_of_commercial_coatings_under_the_effect_of_surface_roughness_and_fouling"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="83575532" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/83575532/Investigation_of_fuel_consumption_on_an_operating_ship_due_to_biofouling_growth_and_quality_of_anti_fouling_coating">Investigation of fuel consumption on an operating ship due to biofouling growth and quality of anti-fouling coating</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="49222973" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BagusNugroho63">Bagus Nugroho</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This article will look into to the environmental and economic issues in the maritime sector that arise due to biofouling. For the shipping industry, biofouling is known to increase hull roughness that would lead to an increase in friction resistance and fuel consumption. Here we present a short review regarding ship-hull roughness due to biofouling and its associated increase in skin friction drag, and analysis of fuel consumption from an operating ship with two different anti-fouling coating. The data shows that a higher quality antifouling would result in a low biofouling attachment on the hull surface, resulting in a lower fuel consumption.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Investigation of fuel consumption on an operating ship due to biofouling growth and quality of anti-fouling coating","attachmentId":88874521,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/83575532/Investigation_of_fuel_consumption_on_an_operating_ship_due_to_biofouling_growth_and_quality_of_anti_fouling_coating","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/83575532/Investigation_of_fuel_consumption_on_an_operating_ship_due_to_biofouling_growth_and_quality_of_anti_fouling_coating"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="82466502" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/82466502/Effects_of_biofouling_development_on_drag_forces_of_hull_coatings_for_ocean_going_ships_a_review">Effects of biofouling development on drag forces of hull coatings for ocean-going ships: a review</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="117793558" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AsgerLindholdt">Asger Lindholdt</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Coatings Technology and Research, 2015</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Effects of biofouling development on drag forces of hull coatings for ocean-going ships: a review","attachmentId":88166809,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/82466502/Effects_of_biofouling_development_on_drag_forces_of_hull_coatings_for_ocean_going_ships_a_review","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/82466502/Effects_of_biofouling_development_on_drag_forces_of_hull_coatings_for_ocean_going_ships_a_review"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="38386802" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38386802/Current_and_Future_Trends_in_Marine_Antifouling_Coatings_pdf">Current and Future Trends in Marine Antifouling Coatings.pdf</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="50045482" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GeorgeGougoulidis">George Gougoulidis</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2015</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Biofouling is a biological phenomenon, undesirable for the shipping industry both from an economic and environmental point of view. The accumulation of biofouling organisms on the hull surface causes deterioration of the ship’s hydrodynamic performance by imposing a gradually growing drag penalty. Ultimately, the energy loss due to fouling is translated into increased fuel consumption and thus, additional cost. At the same time, the impact on the environment is significant, primarily due to the increase of greenhouse gas emissions. Transportation of invasive aquatic species is also collateral environmental damage. Currently, the primary method used to prevent biofouling of a hull is the application of specialized protective coatings. This paper analyzes the major types of modern antifouling coatings, with reference to state-of-the-art products, as well as those under development. The working mechanism, as well as the technology involved for each type of antifouling coating is presented in a comprehensive manner, along with the advantages of each method. Finally, an analysis of the antifouling policy of a fleet of diversified ships using the Hellenic Navy as a case study is conducted. Confronted challenges on fouling prevention are discussed and recommendations are provided accordingly.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Current and Future Trends in Marine Antifouling Coatings.pdf","attachmentId":58443140,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/38386802/Current_and_Future_Trends_in_Marine_Antifouling_Coatings_pdf","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/38386802/Current_and_Future_Trends_in_Marine_Antifouling_Coatings_pdf"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="22278972" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22278972/Estimating_the_impact_of_new_generation_antifoulings_on_ship_performance_the_presence_of_slime">Estimating the impact of new-generation antifoulings on ship performance: the presence of slime</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="43512699" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MaximCandries">Maxim Candries</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of the Institute of Marine Engineering, Science, and Technology. Part A, Journal of marine engineering and technology</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Due to the phase-out of TBT-SPCs imposed by the International Maritime Organization, new-generation antifoulings are set to replace 80% of the existing antifouling market. Two types of coatings are claimed to offer satisfactory performance over five years: tin-free SPCs and foul-release coatings, which were both commercially introduced in the mid 1990s. This paper gives an overview of the research at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne which compares the drag, boundary-layer and roughness characteristics of both coatings when newly applied. It was found that foul-release coatings offer less drag than tin-free SPC, by an amount which depends on the quality of application and which has been related to the respective differences in roughness characteristics. Assessments have shown that foul-release surfaces are very effective against macrofouling organisms, but that the surface is covered by slime films when the vessel returns to dry-dock. A literature review on the effect of slime f...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Estimating the impact of new-generation antifoulings on ship performance: the presence of slime","attachmentId":42927104,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22278972/Estimating_the_impact_of_new_generation_antifoulings_on_ship_performance_the_presence_of_slime","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/22278972/Estimating_the_impact_of_new_generation_antifoulings_on_ship_performance_the_presence_of_slime"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":118644995,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":118644995,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_118644995" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/71588239/Foul_Release_Systems_and_Drag_Consolidation_of_Technical_Advances_in_the_Protective_and_Marine_Coatings_Industry">Foul Release Systems and Drag. 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data-entity-id="88785270" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/88785270/Ship_hull_in_water_cleaning_and_its_effects_on_fouling_control_coatings">Ship hull in-water cleaning and its effects on fouling-control coatings</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="241111114" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DinisOliveira8">Dinis Oliveira</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Biofouling, 2020</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ship hull in-water cleaning and its effects on fouling-control 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