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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rohana_Wijeweera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Rohana Wijeweera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rohana_Wijeweera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Effects_of_the_Sino–Soviet_split" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Effects_of_the_Sino–Soviet_split"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Effects of the Sino–Soviet split</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Effects_of_the_Sino–Soviet_split-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Split" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Split"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Split</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Split-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Five_classes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Five_classes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Five classes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Five_classes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Full-time_organisation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Full-time_organisation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Full-time organisation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Full-time_organisation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Building_cells" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Building_cells"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.1</span> <span>Building cells</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Building_cells-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1971_uprising" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1971_uprising"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>1971 uprising</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1971_uprising-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Insurgency_1987–1989" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Insurgency_1987–1989"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Insurgency 1987–1989</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Insurgency_1987–1989-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_organization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_organization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Military organization</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Military_organization-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Military organization subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Military_organization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1971" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1971"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>1971</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1971-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1987–1989" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1987–1989"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>1987–1989</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1987–1989-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_relationships" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_relationships"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>International relationships</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_relationships-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle International relationships subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-International_relationships-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-North_Korea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_Korea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>North Korea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_Korea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Maintaining_relations_with_North_Korea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maintaining_relations_with_North_Korea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Maintaining relations with North Korea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maintaining_relations_with_North_Korea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iraq" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iraq"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Iraq</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iraq-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Soviet_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Soviet_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Soviet Union</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Soviet_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ideology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ideology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Ideology</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ideology-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Ideology subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ideology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_five_lectures_(1965–1983)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_five_lectures_(1965–1983)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>First five lectures (1965–1983)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_five_lectures_(1965–1983)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jathika_Chintanaya_(1983–1989)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jathika_Chintanaya_(1983–1989)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span><i>Jathika Chintanaya</i> (1983–1989)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jathika_Chintanaya_(1983–1989)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Third_lecture_(1994–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Third_lecture_(1994–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Third lecture (1994–present)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Third_lecture_(1994–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Democratic_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Democratic_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Democratic politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Democratic_politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Democratic politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Democratic_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prior_to_the_1971_insurrection" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prior_to_the_1971_insurrection"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Prior to the 1971 insurrection</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prior_to_the_1971_insurrection-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_the_1971_uprising" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_the_1971_uprising"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>After the 1971 uprising</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_the_1971_uprising-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Entrance_to_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Entrance_to_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Entrance to elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Entrance_to_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Persecution_of_the_United_Front" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Persecution_of_the_United_Front"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Persecution of the United Front</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Persecution_of_the_United_Front-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1982_presidential_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1982_presidential_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5</span> <span>1982 presidential election</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1982_presidential_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1983_ethnic_riots" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1983_ethnic_riots"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.6</span> <span>1983 ethnic riots</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1983_ethnic_riots-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Full-time_performance_in_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Full-time_performance_in_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.7</span> <span>Full-time performance in elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Full-time_performance_in_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-tsunami_violence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-tsunami_violence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.8</span> <span>Post-tsunami violence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-tsunami_violence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2005_presidential_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2005_presidential_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.9</span> <span>2005 presidential election</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2005_presidential_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Internal_conflict_of_April_2008" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Internal_conflict_of_April_2008"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.10</span> <span>Internal conflict of April 2008</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Internal_conflict_of_April_2008-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2010_presidential_and_parliamentary_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2010_presidential_and_parliamentary_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.11</span> <span>2010 presidential and parliamentary elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2010_presidential_and_parliamentary_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Internal_conflict_in_April_2012" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Internal_conflict_in_April_2012"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.12</span> <span>Internal conflict in April 2012</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Internal_conflict_in_April_2012-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Formation_of_the_FLSP" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formation_of_the_FLSP"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.12.1</span> <span>Formation of the FLSP</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formation_of_the_FLSP-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2015_presidential_and_parliamentary_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2015_presidential_and_parliamentary_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.13</span> <span>2015 presidential and parliamentary elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2015_presidential_and_parliamentary_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2019_presidential_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2019_presidential_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.14</span> <span>2019 presidential elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2019_presidential_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2020_parliamentary_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2020_parliamentary_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.15</span> <span>2020 parliamentary elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2020_parliamentary_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minority_to_Majority" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minority_to_Majority"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Minority to Majority</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Minority_to_Majority-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Minority to Majority subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Minority_to_Majority-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2024_presidential_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2024_presidential_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>2024 presidential election</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2024_presidential_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2024_parliamentary_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2024_parliamentary_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>2024 parliamentary elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2024_parliamentary_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Leadership</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Leadership-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Leadership subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Leader" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leader"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Leader</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leader-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_Secretary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_Secretary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>General Secretary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_Secretary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_notable_leaders" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_notable_leaders"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Other notable leaders</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_notable_leaders-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Electoral history</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Electoral_history-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Electoral history subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Electoral_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Presidential" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidential"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Presidential</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidential-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parliamentary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parliamentary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Parliamentary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parliamentary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Provincial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Provincial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Provincial</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Provincial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Local" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.4</span> <span>Local</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Offshoots" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Offshoots"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Offshoots</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Offshoots-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.2</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-External_links-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle External links subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Official_website" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Official_website"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.1</span> <span>Official website</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Official_website-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Youth_wing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Youth_wing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.2</span> <span>Youth wing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Youth_wing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Independent_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Independent_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.3</span> <span>Independent sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Independent_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE" title="জনতা বিমুক্তি পেরুমানা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জনতা বিমুক্তি পেরুমানা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna" title="Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna" title="Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%87%D9%87_%D8%A2%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%B4_%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%82_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="جبهه آزادی‌بخش خلق سری‌لانکا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جبهه آزادی‌بخش خلق سری‌لانکا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna" title="Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="जनता विमुक्ति पेरामुना – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जनता विमुक्ति पेरामुना" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna" title="Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna" title="Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationaal_Bevrijdingsfront_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Nationaal Bevrijdingsfront (Sri Lanka) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nationaal Bevrijdingsfront (Sri Lanka)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E6%88%A6%E7%B7%9A_(%E3%82%B9%E3%83%AA%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AB)" title="人民解放戦線 (スリランカ) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="人民解放戦線 (スリランカ)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna" title="Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna" title="Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna" title="Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%85%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Джанатха Вимукти Перамуна – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Джанатха Вимукти Перамуна" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%AB" title="ජනතා විමුක්ති පෙරමුණ – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ජනතා විමුක්ති පෙරමුණ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna" title="Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BF" title="மக்கள் விடுதலை முன்னணி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மக்கள் விடுதலை முன்னணி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2_%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B0" title="ชนตา วิมุกติ เปรมุณะ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ชนตา วิมุกติ เปรมุณะ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF_(%E6%96%AF%E9%87%8C%E5%85%B0%E5%8D%A1)" title="人民解放阵线 (斯里兰卡) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="人民解放阵线 (斯里兰卡)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Political party in Sri Lanka</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Jathika_Vimukthi_Peramuna" title="Jathika Vimukthi Peramuna">Jathika Vimukthi Peramuna</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;"><div style="padding-top:0.3em; padding-bottom:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #ED1847; border-bottom:2px solid #ED1847; line-height: 1;"><div class="fn org">People's Liberation Front</div> <div style="font-size: 0.8em; padding-top:0.3em;" class="nickname" lang="si"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">ජනතා විමුක්ති පෙරමුණ<br />மக்கள் விடுதலை முன்னணி</span></div></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data nickname" style="line-height:1.3em;">PLF (English)<br /><span title="Sinhala-language text"><span lang="si" style="font-style: normal;">ජවිපෙ (JVP)</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(Sinhala)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Party_leader" title="Party leader">Leader</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Anura_Kumara_Dissanayake" title="Anura Kumara Dissanayake">Anura Kumara Dissanayake</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">General Secretary</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Tilvin_Silva" title="Tilvin Silva">Tilvin Silva</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Rohana_Wijeweera" title="Rohana Wijeweera">Rohana Wijeweera</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">14 May 1965<span class="noprint"> (59 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1965-05-14</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Split from</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Ceylon_Communist_Party_(Maoist)" title="Ceylon Communist Party (Maoist)">Ceylon Communist Party–Peking Wing</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">New Left Movement</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="line-height:1.3em;">464/20 Pannipitiya Road, Pelawatta, Battaramulla, Sri Lanka</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Newspaper</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niyamuva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niyamuva (page does not exist)">Niyamuva</a></i> (Sinhala)</li> <li><i>Sensakhti</i> (Tamil)</li> <li><i>Red Power</i> (English)</li> <li><i>Deshapalana Vivarana</i> (Sinhala)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Student_wing" title="Student wing">Student wing</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Students_Union" title="Socialist Students Union">Socialist Students Union</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Youth_wing" title="Youth wing">Youth wing</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Socialist Youth Union</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_wing" title="Women's wing">Women's wing</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Socialist Women's Union</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Relief Service Force</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">රතු තරුව (<i>Red Star</i>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Membership</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">200,000–300,000<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>(1983)<br /> 2,500,000 (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_ideologies" title="List of political ideologies">Ideology</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a><sup id="cite_ref-marxist1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marxist1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-marxist2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marxist2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a><sup id="cite_ref-marxist1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marxist1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-marxist2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marxist2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_nationalism" title="Left-wing nationalism">Left-wing nationalism</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-imperialism" title="Anti-imperialism">Anti-imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressivism" title="Progressivism">Progressivism</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-History_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-History-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinhalese_Buddhist_nationalism" title="Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism">Sinhalese nationalism</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVenugopal2010567–602_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVenugopal2010567–602-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_spectrum" title="Political spectrum">Political position</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Left-wing" class="mw-redirect" title="Left-wing">Left-wing</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to <a href="/wiki/Far-left" class="mw-redirect" title="Far-left">far-left</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><b>Historical:</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Far-left" class="mw-redirect" title="Far-left">Far-left</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">National affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Power" title="National People's Power">National People's Power</a><sup id="cite_ref-adaderana_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adaderana-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">International affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/International_Communist_Seminar" title="International Communist Seminar">ICS</a> (defunct)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Colors</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ED1847; color:black;"> </span> Red</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Anthem</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span title="Sinhala-language text"><span lang="si" style="font-style: normal;">අන්තර්ජාතිකය</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(Sinhala)</span><br /><span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta" style="font-style: normal;">சர்வதேசம்</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(Tamil)</span><br />"<a href="/wiki/The_Internationale" title="The Internationale">The Internationale</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Lankan Parliament">Parliament of Sri Lanka</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">159 / 225</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 71%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Provinces of Sri Lanka">Sri Lankan Provincial Councils</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">15 / 455</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 3%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Local government in Sri Lanka">Local Government</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">436 / 8,356</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 5%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Election symbol</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Bell<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:JVP_election_symbol.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/48/JVP_election_symbol.png/100px-JVP_election_symbol.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/48/JVP_election_symbol.png 1.5x" data-file-width="109" data-file-height="150" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Party flag</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Communist_Hammer_and_Sickle_flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Communist_Hammer_and_Sickle_flag.svg/180px-Communist_Hammer_and_Sickle_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Communist_Hammer_and_Sickle_flag.svg/270px-Communist_Hammer_and_Sickle_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Communist_Hammer_and_Sickle_flag.svg/360px-Communist_Hammer_and_Sickle_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jvpsrilanka.com/english/">www<wbr />.jvpsrilanka<wbr />.com<wbr />/english<wbr />/</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="padding-top:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Communist_parties" title="Category:Communist parties">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:200%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Communist_party" title="Communist party">Communist parties</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000; background:transparent; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Africa</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_Party_for_Democracy_and_Socialism" title="Algerian Party for Democracy and Socialism">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Benin" title="Communist Party of Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MELS_Movement_of_Botswana" title="MELS Movement of Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voltaic_Revolutionary_Communist_Party" title="Voltaic Revolutionary Communist Party">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Communist_Party" title="Egyptian Communist Party">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Swaziland" title="Communist Party of Swaziland">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Party_of_Ivory_Coast" title="Revolutionary Communist Party of Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Kenya" title="Communist Party of Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Lesotho" title="Communist Party of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Communist_Party" title="Libyan Communist Party">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_Party_for_the_Independence_of_Madagascar" title="Congress Party for the Independence of Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Namibia_(2009)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of Namibia (2009)">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_Communist_Party" title="Moroccan Communist Party">Morocco</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_R%C3%A9union" title="Communist Party of Réunion">Réunion</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Independence_and_Labour" title="Party of Independence and Labour">Senegal</a></li> <li>South Africa <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Freedom_Fighters" title="Economic Freedom Fighters">EFF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Communist_Party" title="South African Communist Party">SACP</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_South_Sudan" title="Communist Party of South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_Communist_Party" title="Sudanese Communist Party">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Togo" title="Communist Party of Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_(Tunisia)" title="Workers' Party (Tunisia)">Tunisia</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000; background:transparent; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Americas</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li>Argentina <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Argentina" title="Communist Party of Argentina">PCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Argentina_(Extraordinary_Congress)" title="Communist Party of Argentina (Extraordinary Congress)">PCCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Party_of_Argentina" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary Communist Party of Argentina">PCRA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Bolivia" title="Communist Party of Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li>Brazil <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Brazil" title="Communist Party of Brazil">PCdoB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Communist_Party" title="Brazilian Communist Party">PCB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Party_(Brazil)" title="Revolutionary Communist Party (Brazil)">PCR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_Canada" title="Socialism in Canada">Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Canada" title="Communist Party of Canada">CPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Canada_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Canada (Marxist–Leninist)">CPC-ML</a></li></ul></li> <li>Chile <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Chile" title="Communist Party of Chile">PCCh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Communist_Party_(Proletarian_Action)" title="Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action)">PC(AP)</a></li></ul></li> <li>Colombia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_Communist_Party" title="Colombian Communist Party">PCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Colombia_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Colombia (Marxist–Leninist)">PC de C (M–L)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Cuba" title="Communist Party of Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Labour" title="Communist Party of Labour">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li>Ecuador <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Ecuador" title="Communist Party of Ecuador">PCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist_Communist_Party_of_Ecuador" title="Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Ecuador">PCMLE</a></li></ul></li> <li>Mexico <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Mexico_(2011)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of Mexico (2011)">PC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Socialist_Party_(Mexico)" title="Popular Socialist Party (Mexico)">PPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Socialist_Party_of_Mexico" title="Popular Socialist Party of Mexico">PPSM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Mexico_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Mexico (Marxist–Leninist)">PCMML</a></li></ul></li> <li>Panama <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_of_Panama" title="People's Party of Panama">PPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)_of_Panama" title="Communist Party (Marxist–Leninist) of Panama">PC(ml)P</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_Communist_Party" title="Paraguayan Communist Party">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Peru" title="Communism in Peru">Peru</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_Communist_Party" title="Peruvian Communist Party">PCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shining_Path" title="Shining Path">PCP-SL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Militarized_Communist_Party_of_Peru" title="Militarized Communist Party of Peru">MPCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Peru_%E2%80%93_Red_Fatherland" title="Communist Party of Peru – Red Fatherland">PCdelP–PR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Uruguay" title="Communist Party of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li>United States <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_USA" title="Communist Party USA">CPUSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers_World_Party" title="Workers World Party">WWP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_for_Socialism_and_Liberation" title="Party for Socialism and Liberation">PSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Party,_USA" title="Revolutionary Communist Party, USA">RCPUSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Labor_Party_(United_States)" title="Progressive Labor Party (United States)">PLP</a></li></ul></li> <li>Venezuela <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Venezuela" title="Communist Party of Venezuela">PCV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist_Communist_Party_of_Venezuela" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Venezuela">PCMLV</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000; background:transparent; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Asia</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_%E2%80%93_Bahrain" title="National Liberation Front – Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li>Bangladesh <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Bangladesh" title="Communist Party of Bangladesh">CPB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers_Party_of_Bangladesh" title="Workers Party of Bangladesh">WPB</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Bhutan_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist%E2%80%93Maoist)" title="Communist Party of Bhutan (Marxist–Leninist–Maoist)">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Burma" title="Communist Party of Burma">Burma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">China</a></li> <li>India <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India" title="Communist Party of India">CPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist)">CPI(M)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)_Liberation" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation">CPI-ML(L)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Maoist)" title="Communist Party of India (Maoist)">CPI(Mst)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Unity_Centre_of_India_(Communist)" title="Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)">SUCI(C)</a></li></ul></li> <li>Iran <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Iran" title="Communist Party of Iran">CPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tudeh_Party_of_Iran" title="Tudeh Party of Iran">Tudeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Labour Party of Iran">Toufan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Communist_Party" title="Iraqi Communist Party">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maki_(political_party)" title="Maki (political party)">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Communist_Party" title="Japanese Communist Party">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_Communist_Party" title="Jordanian Communist Party">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Kazakhstan" title="Communist Party of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Kyrgyzstan" title="Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lao_People%27s_Revolutionary_Party" title="Lao People's Revolutionary Party">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Communist_Party" title="Lebanese Communist Party">Lebanon</a></li> <li>Nepal <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Nepal_(Unified_Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)">CPN (UML)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Nepal_(Maoist_Centre)" title="Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)">CPN (MC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Nepal_(Unified_Socialist)" title="Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Socialist)">CPN (US)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal_Workers_Peasants_Party" title="Nepal Workers Peasants Party">NWPP</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_of_Korea" title="Workers' Party of Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Pakistan" title="Communist Party of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_People%27s_Party" title="Palestinian People's Party">Palestine</a></li> <li>Philippines <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Philippines" title="Communist Party of the Philippines">CPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partido_Komunista_ng_Pilipinas-1930" title="Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas-1930">PKP-1930</a></li></ul></li> <li>Sri Lanka <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Communist Party of Sri Lanka">CPSL</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">JVP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frontline_Socialist_Party" title="Frontline Socialist Party">FLSP</a></li></ul></li> <li>Syria <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Communist_Party_(Bakdash)" title="Syrian Communist Party (Bakdash)">SCP (Bakdash)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Communist_Party_(Unified)" title="Syrian Communist Party (Unified)">SCP (Unified)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Tajikistan" title="Communist Party of Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Communist Party of Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul> <p><b>Former parties</b> </p> <ul><li>Cambodia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kampuchean_People%27s_Revolutionary_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party">KPRP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Kampuchea" title="Communist Party of Kampuchea">CPK</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Indonesia" title="Communist Party of Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Korea" title="Communist Party of Korea">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayan_Communist_Party" title="Malayan Communist Party">Malaya and Singapore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Malaya/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist" title="Communist Party of Malaya/Marxist–Leninist">Marxist–Leninist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Malaya/Revolutionary_Faction" title="Communist Party of Malaya/Revolutionary Faction">Revolutionary Faction</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Communist Party in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/North_Kalimantan_Communist_Party" title="North Kalimantan Communist Party">Sarawak</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Communist_Party" title="Taiwanese Communist Party">Taiwan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Thailand" title="Communist Party of Thailand">Thailand</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000; background:transparent; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Europe</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Albania_(1991)" title="Communist Party of Albania (1991)">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Communist_Party" title="Armenian Communist Party">Armenia</a></li> <li>Austria <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Austria" title="Communist Party of Austria">KPÖ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Labour_of_Austria" title="Party of Labour of Austria">PdA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Communist_Party_(1993)" title="Azerbaijan Communist Party (1993)">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Belarus" title="Communist Party of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li>Belgium <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Flanders)" title="Communist Party (Flanders)">KP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Wallonia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party (Wallonia)">PC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Communist_Party_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Workers' Communist Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li>Bulgaria <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Bulgaria" title="Communist Party of Bulgaria">KPB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Communists_in_Bulgaria" title="Union of Communists in Bulgaria">SKB</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Labour_Party_of_Croatia" title="Socialist Labour Party of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Party_of_Working_People" title="Progressive Party of Working People">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Bohemia_and_Moravia" title="Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia">Czech Republic</a></li> <li>Denmark <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Denmark" title="Communist Party of Denmark">DKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Denmark)" title="Communist Party (Denmark)">KP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Communist_Party_(Denmark)" title="Workers' Communist Party (Denmark)">APK</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Estonia_(1990)" title="Communist Party of Estonia (1990)">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Finland_(1994)" title="Communist Party of Finland (1994)">Finland</a></li> <li>France <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Communist_Party" title="French Communist Party"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">PCF</i></span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Communist_Party_of_France" title="Workers' Communist Party of France"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">PCOF</i></span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pole_of_Communist_Revival_in_France" title="Pole of Communist Revival in France">PRCF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Revolutionary_Party_of_France" title="Communist Revolutionary Party of France">PCRF</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Communist_Party_of_Georgia" title="Unified Communist Party of Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li>Germany <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Germany_(1990)" title="Communist Party of Germany (1990)">KPD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Communist_Party" title="German Communist Party">DKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist_Party_of_Germany" title="Marxist–Leninist Party of Germany">MLPD</a></li></ul></li> <li>Greece <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Greece" title="Communist Party of Greece">ΚΚΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Organization_of_Greece" title="Communist Organization of Greece">ΚΟΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_for_the_Reorganization_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Greece_1918%E2%80%9355" class="mw-redirect" title="Movement for the Reorganization of the Communist Party of Greece 1918–55">Anasintaxi</a></li></ul></li> <li>Hungary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Workers%27_Party" title="Hungarian Workers' Party">Munkáspárt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_of_Hungary_2006_%E2%80%93_European_Left" title="Workers' Party of Hungary 2006 – European Left">Munkáspárt 2006</a></li></ul></li> <li>Ireland <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Ireland" title="Communist Party of Ireland">CPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_(Ireland)" title="Workers' Party (Ireland)">WPI</a></li></ul></li> <li>Italy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Italy)" title="Communist Party (Italy)">PC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Refoundation_Party" title="Communist Refoundation Party">PRC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Latvia" title="Socialist Party of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_People%27s_Front" title="Socialist People's Front">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Luxembourg" title="Communist Party of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Malta" title="Communist Party of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Communists_of_the_Republic_of_Moldova" title="Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Communist_Party_of_the_Netherlands" title="New Communist Party of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Norway" title="Communist Party of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Communist_Party_(2002)" title="Polish Communist Party (2002)">Poland</a></li> <li>Portugal <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Communist_Party" title="Portuguese Communist Party">PCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Workers%27_Communist_Party" title="Portuguese Workers' Communist Party">PCTP</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Nepeceri%C8%99ti)" title="Communist Party (Nepeceriști)">Romania</a></li> <li>Russia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communists_of_Russia" title="Communists of Russia">KR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Communist Party of the Russian Federation">CPRF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_the_Dictatorship_of_the_Proletariat" title="Party of the Dictatorship of the Proletariat">PDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Communist_Workers%27_Party_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Russian Communist Workers' Party of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">RCWP-CPSU</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammarinese_Communist_Refoundation" title="Sammarinese Communist Refoundation">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Communist_Party_of_Yugoslavia" title="New Communist Party of Yugoslavia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Slovakia" title="Communist Party of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li>Spain <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Spain" title="Communist Party of Spain">PCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communists_of_Catalonia" title="Communists of Catalonia">CC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Peoples_of_Spain" title="Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain">PCPE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Spain_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist)">PCE (M–L)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Workers_of_Spain" title="Communist Party of the Workers of Spain">PCTE</a></li></ul></li> <li>Sweden <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Sweden)" title="Communist Party (Sweden)">KP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Sweden_(1995)" title="Communist Party of Sweden (1995)">SKP</a></li></ul></li> <li>Switzerland <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Switzerland)" title="Communist Party (Switzerland)">Communist Party (Switzerland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Party_of_Labour" title="Swiss Party of Labour">PdA</a></li></ul></li> <li>Turkey <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_People%27s_Liberation_Party/Front" title="Revolutionary People's Liberation Party/Front">DHKP/C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Turkey)" title="Labour Party (Turkey)">EMEP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Communist_Party_of_Turkey" title="People's Communist Party of Turkey">HTKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Revolution_Movement/Leninist_(Turkey)" title="Communist Revolution Movement/Leninist (Turkey)">KDH/L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Kurdistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of Kurdistan">KKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Turkey,_2014)" title="Communist Party (Turkey, 2014)">TKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoist_Communist_Party_(Turkey)" title="Maoist Communist Party (Turkey)">MKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist_Communist_Party_(Turkey)" title="Marxist–Leninist Communist Party (Turkey)">MLKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Party_of_Turkey" title="Revolutionary Communist Party of Turkey">TDKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Labour_Party_of_Turkey" title="Communist Labour Party of Turkey">TKEP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Labour_Party_of_Turkey/Leninist" title="Communist Labour Party of Turkey/Leninist">TKEP/L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Workers_Party_of_Turkey" title="Communist Workers Party of Turkey">TKIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Turkey/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist" title="Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist">TKP/ML</a></li></ul></li> <li>Ukraine <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Ukraine" title="Communist Party of Ukraine">KPU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Communists_of_Ukraine" title="Union of Communists of Ukraine">SKU</a></li></ul></li> <li>United Kingdom <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Britain" title="Communist Party of Britain">CPB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Britain_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)">CPB-ML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)">CPGB-ML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain_(Provisional_Central_Committee)" title="Communist Party of Great Britain (Provisional Central Committee)">CPGB-PCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Scotland" title="Communist Party of Scotland">CPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Communist_Party_of_Britain" title="New Communist Party of Britain">NCPB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Group_(UK)" title="Revolutionary Communist Group (UK)">RCG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Appeal_(UK,_1992)" title="Socialist Appeal (UK, 1992)">RCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Party_of_Britain_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Revolutionary Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)">RCPB-ML</a></li></ul></li></ul> <p><b>Former parties</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Labour_of_Albania" title="Party of Labour of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Czechoslovakia" title="Communist Party of Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Unity_Party_of_Germany" title="Socialist Unity Party of Germany">East Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Communist_Party" title="Italian Communist Party">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Netherlands" title="Communist Party of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_United_Workers%27_Party" title="Polish United Workers' Party">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Communist_Party" title="Romanian Communist Party">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Turkey_(historical)" title="Communist Party of Turkey (historical)">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain" title="Communist Party of Great Britain">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Germany" title="Communist Party of Germany">West Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Communists_of_Yugoslavia" title="League of Communists of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000; background:transparent; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Oceania</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li>Australia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Australia_(current)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of Australia (current)">CPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Australia_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Australia (Marxist–Leninist)">CPA(ML)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Alliance_(Australia)" title="Socialist Alliance (Australia)">Socialist Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Alternative_(Australia)" title="Socialist Alternative (Australia)">Socialist Alternative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victorian_Socialists" title="Victorian Socialists">Victorian Socialists</a></li></ul></li> <li>New Zealand <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_League_(New_Zealand)" title="Communist League (New Zealand)">CL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_Marxist_Unity_%E2%80%93_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisation for Marxist Unity – New Zealand">OMU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Aotearoa" title="Socialist Party of Aotearoa">SPA</a></li></ul></li></ul> <p><b>Former parties</b> </p> <ul><li>Australia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Alliance" title="Communist Alliance">Communist Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Australia" title="Communist Party of Australia">CPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Socialist_Perspective" title="Democratic Socialist Perspective">DSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Socialist_Party_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary Socialist Party (Australia)">RSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victorian_Socialist_Party" title="Victorian Socialist Party">Victorian Socialist Party</a></li></ul></li> <li>New Zealand <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_New_Zealand" title="Communist Party of New Zealand">CPNZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Unity_Party_of_New_Zealand" title="Socialist Unity Party of New Zealand">SUP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_League_(New_Zealand)" title="Communist League (New Zealand)">CL</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000; background:transparent; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">International organizations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Meeting_of_Communist_and_Workers%27_Parties" title="International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties">IMCWP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_International" title="Communist International">Comintern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cominform" title="Cominform">Cominform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Initiative_of_Communist_and_Workers%27_Parties" title="Initiative of Communist and Workers' Parties">INITIATIVE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Communist_Seminar" title="International Communist Seminar">ICS</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000; background:transparent; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_committee" title="Central committee">Central committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a> (<a href="/wiki/History_of_communism" title="History of communism">history</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_communist_party_rule" title="Criticism of communist party rule">Criticism of rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_communist_parties" title="List of communist parties">List of communist parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_centralism" title="Democratic centralism">Democratic centralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Communist_Party" title="General Secretary of the Communist Party">General Secretary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politburo" title="Politburo">Politburo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_(administrative_office)" title="Secretariat (administrative office)">Secretariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguardism" title="Vanguardism">Vanguardism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; border-top:1px solid #CC0000; border-bottom:1px solid #CC0000;"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/16px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/24px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/32px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 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abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Communist_parties" title="Template:Communist parties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Communist_parties" title="Template talk:Communist parties"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Communist_parties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Communist parties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanka99-01-jvp4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Lanka99-01-jvp4.jpg/250px-Lanka99-01-jvp4.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="372" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Lanka99-01-jvp4.jpg/375px-Lanka99-01-jvp4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Lanka99-01-jvp4.jpg/500px-Lanka99-01-jvp4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="1488" /></a><figcaption>Janatha Vimukti Peramuna leadership at <a href="/wiki/Festivals_in_Sri_Lanka#May" title="Festivals in Sri Lanka">May Day</a> Celebration in <a href="/wiki/Colombo" title="Colombo">Colombo</a> in 1999</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna</b><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<b>JVP</b>; <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">People's Liberation Front</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>, <b>PLF</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Leftist" class="mw-redirect" title="Leftist">leftist</a> political party in <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The party was formerly a <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary" title="Revolutionary">revolutionary</a> movement and was involved in two armed uprisings against the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Government of Sri Lanka">government of Sri Lanka</a>: once in <a href="/wiki/1971_JVP_insurgency" class="mw-redirect" title="1971 JVP insurgency">1971</a> (<a href="/wiki/SLFP" class="mw-redirect" title="SLFP">SLFP</a>), and another in <a href="/wiki/1987%E2%80%931989_JVP_insurrection" title="1987–1989 JVP insurrection">1987–1989</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_National_Party" title="United National Party">UNP</a>). The motive for both uprisings was to establish a <a href="/wiki/Socialist_state" title="Socialist state">socialist state</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since then the JVP has entered mainstream democratic politics and has updated its ideology, abandoning some of its original Marxist policies such as the abolition of private property,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and moderating its rhetoric.<sup id="cite_ref-move_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-move-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The JVP has been led by <a href="/wiki/President_of_Sri_Lanka" title="President of Sri Lanka">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Anura_Kumara_Dissanayake" title="Anura Kumara Dissanayake">Anura Kumara Dissanayake</a> since 2014. </p><p>The JVP was initially a small organisation that became a well-organised party that could influence mainstream politics. Its members openly campaigned for the left-wing coalition government of the SLFP-led <a href="/wiki/United_Front_(Sri_Lanka)" title="United Front (Sri Lanka)">United Front</a>; however, following their disillusion with the coalition, they began an insurrection against the <a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_Ceylon" title="Dominion of Ceylon">Dominion of Ceylon</a> in early 1971, which intensified following the ban on the party. The JVP's military wing, the <b>Red Guard</b>, captured over 76 police strongholds throughout the island of Ceylon.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The JVP entered democratic politics in 1977 when President <a href="/wiki/J._R._Jayewardene" title="J. R. Jayewardene">J. R. Jayewardene</a> released JVP leader <a href="/wiki/Rohana_Wijeweera" title="Rohana Wijeweera">Rohana Wijeweera</a> from prison. Wijeweera contested in the <a href="/wiki/1982_Sri_Lankan_presidential_election" title="1982 Sri Lankan presidential election">1982 presidential elections</a> and was the third most successful candidate, winning 4.16% of the votes cast. Before the elections, he had been convicted by the <a href="/wiki/Criminal_Justice_Commission_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Criminal Justice Commission (Sri Lanka)">Criminal Justice Commission</a> (CJC) for conspiring to overthrow the state violently. The JVP launched a more organized insurrection for the second time in 1987 after the signing of the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Sri_Lanka_Accord" title="Indo-Sri Lanka Accord">Indo-Sri Lanka Accord</a>. </p><p>Following <a href="/wiki/Operation_Combine" title="Operation Combine">Operation Combine</a> and Wijeweera's death, the JVP returned to elections as the <b>National Salvation Front</b>. The surviving JVP members campaigned in the <a href="/wiki/1994_Sri_Lankan_parliamentary_election" title="1994 Sri Lankan parliamentary election">1994 elections</a>, but eventually withdrew and supported the <a href="/wiki/Sinhalese_Buddhist_nationalism" title="Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism">nationalist</a> <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Freedom_Party" title="Sri Lanka Freedom Party">Sri Lanka Freedom Party</a>, the main opposition party at the time. In 2004, it joined the government as a part of the <a href="/wiki/United_People%27s_Freedom_Alliance" title="United People's Freedom Alliance">United People's Freedom Alliance</a> and supported the government in its <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_civil_war" title="Sri Lankan civil war">war</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Liberation_Tigers_of_Tamil_Eelam" title="Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam">Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam</a> (LTTE), but subsequently left the coalition government. </p><p>Since 2019, the JVP has contested elections under its own national coalition, the <a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Power" title="National People's Power">National People's Power</a> (NPP) and has since been a prominent <a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Sri_Lanka" title="List of political parties in Sri Lanka">party</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_politics" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Lankan politics">Sri Lankan politics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/2024_Sri_Lankan_presidential_election" title="2024 Sri Lankan presidential election">2024 presidential election</a>, JVP leader <a href="/wiki/Anura_Kumara_Dissanayake" title="Anura Kumara Dissanayake">Anura Kumara Dissanayake</a> was elected <a href="/wiki/President_of_Sri_Lanka" title="President of Sri Lanka">President of Sri Lanka</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>In the <a href="/wiki/2024_Sri_Lankan_parliamentary_election" title="2024 Sri Lankan parliamentary election">2024 Sri Lankan parliamentary</a> elections, the JVP led <a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Power" title="National People's Power">NPP</a> alliance won with 159 seats in the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Parliament of Sri Lanka">parliament</a>, winning a <a href="/wiki/Supermajority" title="Supermajority">supermajority</a>. It was second-highest proportion of seats in the nation's history and the NPP succeeded in winning every district except <a href="/wiki/Batticaloa_Electoral_District" title="Batticaloa Electoral District">Batticaloa</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The JVP was founded in 1965 to provide a leading force for a <a href="/wiki/Communist_revolution" title="Communist revolution">communist revolution</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 60">: 60 </span></sup> In 1965, there were four other leftist political parties in Sri Lanka: the <a href="/wiki/Lanka_Sama_Samaja_Party" title="Lanka Sama Samaja Party">Lanka Sama Samaja Party</a> (LSSP), established in 1935 as the first political party in Sri Lanka;<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Communist Party of Sri Lanka">Communist Party of Sri Lanka</a> (CPSL), which broke away from the LSSP and formed their own party in 1943 due to differences of opinion on supporting Britain during the <a href="/wiki/2nd_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="2nd World War">2nd World War</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Mahajana_Eksath_Peramuna" title="Mahajana Eksath Peramuna">Mahajana Eksath Peramuna</a> (MEP); and the <a href="/wiki/Ceylon_Communist_Party_(Maoist)" title="Ceylon Communist Party (Maoist)">Peking Left</a>. </p><p>Since the country's independence, the two main parties, the <a href="/wiki/United_National_Party" title="United National Party">United National Party</a> (UNP) and the <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Freedom_Party" title="Sri Lanka Freedom Party">Sri Lanka Freedom Party</a> (SLFP), governed the country for eight years each, and the country's economic outlook worsened. According to the JVP's founders, neither party had been able to implement even a single measure to resolve the crisis. The JVP considered the entry of three leftist parties into the <a href="/wiki/United_Front_(Sri_Lanka)" title="United Front (Sri Lanka)">United Front</a> in 1964 as a conscious betrayal of the aspirations of the people and the working class. <a href="/wiki/Inflation" title="Inflation">Inflation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unemployment" title="Unemployment">unemployment</a>, and food prices increased despite government efforts to prevent it.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rohana_Wijeweera">Rohana Wijeweera</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Rohana Wijeweera"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Rohana_Wijeweera" title="Rohana Wijeweera">Rohana Wijeweera</a></div> <p>Rohana Wijeweera's father was a political activist of the CPSL. During an election campaign in the 1960s, he was severely assaulted by UNP members and was paralysed; Wijeweera was likely emotionally affected, which may have changed his views and caused his hatred against the UNP.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> When Wijeweera's further education was threatened as a result of his father's incapacitation, the CPSL arranged a scholarship for him to study medicine at the <a href="/wiki/Peoples%27_Friendship_University_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Peoples' Friendship University of Russia">Patrice Lumumba Friendship University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>, where he read the works of <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Friedrich Engels</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lenin" class="mw-redirect" title="Lenin">Lenin</a>, and became a committed Marxist. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Effects_of_the_Sino–Soviet_split"><span id="Effects_of_the_Sino.E2.80.93Soviet_split"></span>Effects of the Sino–Soviet split</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Effects of the Sino–Soviet split"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By this time, the United Socialist Party (USP) was divided into two factions: the Chinese faction and the Soviet faction. Wijeweera broke away from the CPC which was aligned with the USSR and joined the Ceylon Communist Party (Maoist). </p><p>After a visit to Sri Lanka in 1964, he was not permitted to return to the USSR: his student activism in favour of <a href="/wiki/Maoism" title="Maoism">Maoism</a> while in Moscow displeased the Russians. The Chinese faction was led by Premalal Kumarasiri. Through his father's political activities, Wijeweera contacted Kumarasiri and joined the party's staff and became part of the trade union office. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Split">Split</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Split"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wijeweera increasingly felt that the Left movement (generally referred to in Sri Lanka as "old left") that existed until then had not produced enough professional revolutionaries and had never made a meaningful effort to educate the masses on Marxism. Workers accepted the words mouthed by the leaders of the "old left" as the final word. He also believed that the leadership of the "old left", aware of this aspect, utilised it to the fullest to blunt workers' militancy. Wijeweera and others decided in mid-1965 to launch a new party that was explicitly revolutionary in character; it was formed without breaking off from other established parties. The <a href="/wiki/Cadre_(politics)" title="Cadre (politics)">cadres</a> engaged themselves in political activities that consisted mainly of trying to increase the political awareness of the working class.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Five_classes">Five classes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Five classes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wijeweera felt that one of the more important tasks was to educate the masses politically. After deliberating on the issue, it was decided that an uncomplicated <a href="/wiki/Marxist_analysis" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxist analysis">Marxist analysis</a> of the socio-politico-economic problems of the country should be the introductory step. The Marxist analysis was split into five discussions along with five main themes.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWarnapala19756_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWarnapala19756-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Throughout the rest of 1968, Wijeweera traveled across the country, conducting political classes for the members of the party. An education camp followed the five basic political classes. Precautions had to be taken to keep this educational camp a secret to avoid alarming the government and the "old left". All conducted by Wijeweera, the classes stretched from 17 to 18 hours a day, interrupted only by meals.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>By 1971, the JVP established itself as a <a href="/wiki/Political_party" title="Political party">political party</a> and offered an alternative to those disillusioned with the politics of the other left organizations. Most of the members and supporters of the JVP at the time were young adults. Alarmed at the JVP's political potential and challenge, the government and its leftist allies levelled a variety of slander against it. Many representatives of the "old left" called the JVP members "<a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a> agents attempting to overthrow the pro-Eastern bloc party".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESamaranaike2008214_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESamaranaike2008214-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Full-time_organisation">Full-time organisation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Full-time organisation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Building_cells">Building cells</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Building cells"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>JVP built cells in multiple countries, including <a href="/wiki/South_Yemen" title="South Yemen">South Yemen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, the <a href="/wiki/UK" class="mw-redirect" title="UK">UK</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ba%27athist_Iraq" title="Ba'athist Iraq">Ba'athist Iraq</a>; South Yemen also promised to hold some weapon supplies; although the manufacturer later said that there was no possible way to supply weapons,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESamaranaike2008213_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESamaranaike2008213-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the government congratulated the organisation with a letter that read "Revolutionary Greetings". <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGunaratne19908–9_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGunaratne19908–9-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1971_uprising">1971 uprising</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1971 uprising"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1971_JVP_Insurrection" class="mw-redirect" title="1971 JVP Insurrection">1971 JVP Insurrection</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Deniyau.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Deniyau.png/220px-Deniyau.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Deniyau.png/330px-Deniyau.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Deniyau.png 2x" data-file-width="355" data-file-height="236" /></a><figcaption>A police station in ruins after an insurgent attack. JVP in total destroyed 75 police stations similarly.</figcaption></figure> <p>The 1971 uprising led by the JVP was unsuccessful and allegedly claimed nearly 5,000 lives. The JVP drew worldwide attention when it launched an insurrection against the Bandaranaike government in April 1971. Although the insurgents were young, poorly armed, and inadequately trained, they seized and held major areas in the southern and central provinces of Sri Lanka before they were defeated by the security forces. Their attempt to seize power created a major crisis for the government and forced a fundamental reassessment of the nation's security needs. In March 1971, after an accidental explosion in one of the bomb factories, the police found fifty-eight bombs in a hut in Nelundeniya, <a href="/wiki/Kegalle_District" title="Kegalle District">Kegalle District</a>. Shortly afterward, Wijeweera was arrested and sent to <a href="/wiki/Jaffna" title="Jaffna">Jaffna</a> Prison, where he remained throughout the revolt. In response to his arrest and the growing pressure of police investigations, other JVP leaders acted immediately, and started the uprising at 11:00 p.m. on 5 April. After two weeks of fighting, the government regained control of all but a few remote areas. In both human and political terms, the cost of the victory was high: an estimated 30,000 insurgents, according to the JVP, many of them in their teens, died in the conflict. The army and police were also widely perceived to have used excessive force. In order to win over an alienated population and to prevent a prolonged conflict, Bandaranaike offered amnesties in May and June 1971, and the top leaders were imprisoned. Wijeweera, who was already in detention at the time of the uprising, was given a twenty-year sentence.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGunaratne199092_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGunaratne199092-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Insurgency_1987–1989"><span id="Insurgency_1987.E2.80.931989"></span>Insurgency 1987–1989</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Insurgency 1987–1989"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1987%E2%80%931989_JVP_insurrection" title="1987–1989 JVP insurrection">1987–1989 JVP insurrection</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jvp_16-300x200_(3).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Jvp_16-300x200_%283%29.jpg/220px-Jvp_16-300x200_%283%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Jvp_16-300x200_%283%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="200" /></a><figcaption>Trees felled across streets by the JVP as a disturbance to government supply</figcaption></figure> <p>The Indian intervention through the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Sri_Lanka_Accord" title="Indo-Sri Lanka Accord">Indo-Sri Lanka accord</a> and the plan to divide the island led to the 1987–1989 revolt. The JVP exploited the arrival of the Indian Peace-keeping Force and the widespread nationalist sentiments of large sections of the <a href="/wiki/Sinhalese_people" title="Sinhalese people">Sinhalese people</a> to terrorise both the state machinery and sections of civil society that opposed its thinking, which almost overpowered the state. Organised in multiple cells countrywide and mostly based around the capital <a href="/wiki/Kandy" title="Kandy">Kandy</a> in the centre, the JVP murdered probably thousands of people and crippled the country with violently enforced hartals (general strikes) for three years.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Government forces captured and killed Wijeweera and his deputy in November 1989 in Colombo; by early 1990 they had killed or imprisoned the remaining JVP politburo and detained an estimated 7,000 suspected JVP members. Although the government won a decisive military victory, there were credible accusations of brutality and extrajudicial methods. The number of deaths during the insurgency is uncertain, as the government was also fighting Tamil insurgent groups at the time. Multiple official and unofficial forces and reports confirm that the death toll exceeded 60,000. In addition, many people took advantage of the chaos to instigate deadly local feuds.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IndianAndJVP_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IndianAndJVP-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>What is certain is the methods of death, including <a href="/wiki/Necklacing" title="Necklacing">necklacing</a>, victims eviscerated and left to die, and even the occasion of eighteen heads arranged around the Alwis pond at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Peradeniya" title="University of Peradeniya">University of Peradeniya</a>, which occurred the day after T.E. Nagahawatte, the Assistant Registrar of the university and a volunteer officer, was killed by two gunmen inside university premises.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For <a href="/wiki/Genocide_studies" title="Genocide studies">genocide studies</a>, it was an example of <a href="/wiki/Politicide" class="mw-redirect" title="Politicide">politicide</a> that happened in a democratic regime, which resulted in the killing of at least 13,000 and 30,000 JVP members and its alleged supporters.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military_organization">Military organization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Military organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Deshapremi_Janatha_Vyaparaya" title="Deshapremi Janatha Vyaparaya">Deshapremi Janatha Vyaparaya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Patriotic_People%27s_Armed_Troops" title="Patriotic People's Armed Troops">Patriotic People's Armed Troops</a></div> <p>The JVP military section which was made up mostly of inadequately trained youths, were responsible for attacks on several locations throughout Ceylon, including on the <a href="/wiki/Jaffna" title="Jaffna">Jaffna</a> prison,<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/SLAF_Ekala" title="SLAF Ekala">SLAF Ekala</a> and the Wellawaya town in 1971. Later in the 80s, JVP with the assistance of several other militant organisations trained the <a href="/wiki/Patriotic_People%27s_Armed_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriotic People's Armed Forces">Patriotic People's Armed Forces</a>. PPAF carried out more well planned attacks such as the <a href="/wiki/Attack_on_the_Pallekele_detachment" title="Attack on the Pallekele detachment">attack on the Pallekele detachment</a>. The military section of the JVP in the late 80s were led by the <a href="/wiki/Deshapremi_Janatha_Vyaparaya" title="Deshapremi Janatha Vyaparaya">DJV</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Keerthi_Vijayabahu" class="mw-redirect" title="Keerthi Vijayabahu">Keerthi Vijayabahu</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1971">1971</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 1971"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Despite the lack of training they received, the JVP militants were armed with shotguns, wore blue colored uniforms with boots and helmets, carried hatchets, and ammunition. The primary source of funding were bank robberies.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlles200740;64_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlles200740;64-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1987–1989"><span id="1987.E2.80.931989"></span>1987–1989</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 1987–1989"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During its second insurgency, they were armed with stolen weapons such as <a href="/wiki/AK_47" class="mw-redirect" title="AK 47">AK 47</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlles2007309_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlles2007309-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Type_56_assault_rifle" title="Type 56 assault rifle">T 56</a>, and <a href="/wiki/.303_British" title=".303 British">.303 British</a> rifles.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGunaratne1990272_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGunaratne1990272-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_relationships">International relationships</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: International relationships"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The JVP has been internationally affiliated to multiple organisations, some of which were the <a href="/wiki/Palestine_Liberation_Organization" title="Palestine Liberation Organization">Palestine Liberation Organization</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGunaratne1990144_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGunaratne1990144-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (PLO), the <a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_(South_Yemen)" title="National Liberation Front (South Yemen)">National Liberation Front</a> of Yemen, and the <a href="/wiki/Korean_Workers%27_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean Workers' Party">Korean Workers' Party</a> (KWP).<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-affiliated_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-affiliated-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="North_Korea">North Korea</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: North Korea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_North_Korea" title="Foreign relations of North Korea">Foreign relations of North Korea</a></div> <p>In the early 1970s, <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> backed the JVP by supplying training. As a result, diplomatic connections between Sri Lanka and North Korea were cut off and were not re-established.<sup id="cite_ref-NKnews_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NKnews-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 18 North Koreans were expelled from the island, but it did not stop their support of the JVP, and Indian patrol boats deployed around the island were attacked by North Korean gunboats that raided the territory.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prior to expulsion, the North Koreans spent 14,000 dollars supporting the movement with propaganda. They also supplied militant equipment and instructions on making explosives and conducting guerrilla warfare.<sup id="cite_ref-NKnews_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NKnews-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2017, the Sri Lankan government imposed UN sanctions on North Korea. The leader of the JVP, <a href="/wiki/Anura_Kumara_Dissanayake" title="Anura Kumara Dissanayake">Anura Kumara Dissanayake</a>, criticised the procedure, claiming North Korea is socialist and that Sri Lanka should support it.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Maintaining_relations_with_North_Korea">Maintaining relations with North Korea</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Maintaining relations with North Korea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1970 a North Korean trade office in Colombo became an embassy and started its work the same year. While in Sri Lanka, North Korean diplomats cultivated links to the JVP, and the nation helped the group directly through the office. Wijeweera visited North Korea prior to the establishment of the JVP.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iraq">Iraq</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Iraq"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The JVP sectors before the 1970s were limited to the <a href="/wiki/Arab_Socialist_Ba%27ath_Party_of_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party of Iraq">Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party of Iraq</a> (ASBPI). Wijeweera and <a href="/wiki/Shantha_Bandara" title="Shantha Bandara">Shantha Bandara</a> visited Iraq multiple times in order to meet the members of the ASBPI. Bandara successfully formed the <a href="/wiki/Inter-University_Students%27_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Inter-University Students' Federation">Inter-University Students' Federation</a> to work as a liaison point between the two parties. When the <a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_War" title="Iran–Iraq War">Iran–Iraq War</a> began, a few members of the JVP protested in front of the Iranian embassy. During the second JVP insurgency, the JVP received money from Iraq to fund the Patriotic People's Movement.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGunaratne199022_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGunaratne199022-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Soviet_Union">Soviet Union</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Soviet Union"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Soviet Union began to recognise the JVP in 1978 when it was no longer affiliated to the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a> (CCP). The <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Communist_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet Communist Party">Soviet Communist Party</a> invited the organisation along with the CPSL to participate in the International Federation of Youths and Students. All financing was provided by the Soviet Union for the parties that visited the meeting upon Soviet invitation.<sup id="cite_ref-affiliated_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-affiliated-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ideology">Ideology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Ideology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Communism" title="Category:Communism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:200%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hammer_and_sickle" title="Hammer and sickle"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Hammer_and_sickle_red_on_transparent.svg/50px-Hammer_and_sickle_red_on_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Hammer_and_sickle_red_on_transparent.svg/75px-Hammer_and_sickle_red_on_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Hammer_and_sickle_red_on_transparent.svg/100px-Hammer_and_sickle_red_on_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-capitalism" title="Anti-capitalism">Anti-capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_conflict" title="Class conflict">Class conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_consciousness" title="Class consciousness">Class consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classless_society" title="Classless society">Classless society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_leadership" title="Collective leadership">Collective leadership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_party" title="Communist party">Communist party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_revolution" title="Communist revolution">Communist revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_state" title="Communist state">Communist state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intentional_community" title="Intentional community">Commune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_society" title="Communist society">Communist society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critique_of_political_economy" title="Critique of political economy">Critique of political economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_association_(Marxism_and_anarchism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Free association (Marxism and anarchism)">Free association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/From_each_according_to_his_ability,_to_each_according_to_his_needs" title="From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs">"From each according to his ability,<br />to each according to his needs"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_abolitionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Market abolitionism">Market abolitionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletarian_internationalism" title="Proletarian internationalism">Proletarian internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_movement" title="Labour movement">Labour movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_revolution" title="Social revolution">Social revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stateless_society" title="Stateless society">Stateless society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wage_slavery" title="Wage slavery">Wage slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_self-management" title="Workers' self-management">Workers' self-management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_communism" title="World communism">World communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_revolution" title="World revolution">World revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dictatorship_of_the_proletariat" title="Dictatorship of the proletariat">Dictatorship of the proletariat</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Economics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Planned_economy" title="Planned economy">Planned economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gift_economy" title="Gift economy">Gift economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_ownership" title="Common ownership">Common ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialization_(Marxism)" title="Socialization (Marxism)">Socialization (Marxism)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_democracy" title="Economic democracy">Economic democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_value" title="Use value">Use value</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_communist_ideologies" title="List of communist ideologies">Variants</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchist_communism" title="Anarchist communism">Anarchist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leninism" title="Leninism">Leninist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Marxism" class="mw-redirect" title="Libertarian Marxism">Libertarian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Marxist_communism" title="Pre-Marxist communism">Pre-Marxist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Utopian_socialism" title="Utopian socialism">Utopian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primitive_communism" title="Primitive communism">Primitive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_communism" title="Religious communism">Religious</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_communism" title="Christian communism">Christian</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_communism" title="History of communism">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_League" title="Communist League">Communist League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Workingmen%27s_Association" title="International Workingmen's Association">First International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_International" title="Second International">Second International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_International" title="Communist International">Third International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_International" title="Fourth International">Fourth International</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Organisations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_communist_parties" title="List of communist parties">Communist Parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Peace_Council" title="World Peace Council">WPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Federation_of_Trade_Unions" title="World Federation of Trade Unions">WFTU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Federation_of_Democratic_Youth" title="World Federation of Democratic Youth">WFDY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Students" title="International Union of Students">IUS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_International_Democratic_Federation" title="Women's International Democratic Federation">WIDF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Federation_of_Scientific_Workers" title="World Federation of Scientific Workers">WFSW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Organisation_of_Journalists" class="mw-redirect" title="International Organisation of Journalists">IOR</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Communists" title="Category:Communists">People</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mazdak" title="Mazdak">Mazdak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More" title="Thomas More">More</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Meslier" title="Jean Meslier">Meslier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf">Babeuf</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Marx</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Morris" title="William Morris">Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kropotkin" title="Peter Kropotkin">Kropotkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Errico_Malatesta" title="Errico Malatesta">Malatesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonie_Pannekoek" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonie Pannekoek">Pannekoek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._E._B._Du_Bois" title="W. E. B. Du Bois">Du Bois</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Lenin</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg" title="Rosa Luxemburg">Luxemburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Kollontai" title="Alexandra Kollontai">Kollontai</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Stalin</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Leon_Trotsky" title="Leon Trotsky">Trotsky</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Luk%C3%A1cs" title="György Lukács">Lukács</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Th%C3%A4lmann" title="Ernst Thälmann">Thälmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestor_Makhno" title="Nestor Makhno">Makhno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Bukharin" title="Nikolai Bukharin">Bukharin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh" title="Ho Chi Minh">Ho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Gramsci" title="Antonio Gramsci">Gramsci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Tito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti">Togliatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Benjamin" title="Walter Benjamin">Benjamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Khrushchev</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pol_Pot" title="Pol Pot">Pot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai">Zhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._L._R._James" title="C. L. R. James">James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Padmore" title="George Padmore">Padmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Sartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Hoxha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simone_de_Beauvoir" title="Simone de Beauvoir">Beauvoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwame_Nkrumah" title="Kwame Nkrumah">Nkrumah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Il_Sung" title="Kim Il Sung">Kim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Hobsbawm" title="Eric Hobsbawm">Hobsbawm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Althusser" title="Louis Althusser">Althusser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulo_Freire" title="Paulo Freire">Freire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pier_Paolo_Pasolini" title="Pier Paolo Pasolini">Pasolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Mandel" title="Ernest Mandel">Mandel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._Raja" title="D. Raja">Raja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frantz_Fanon" title="Frantz Fanon">Fanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro" title="Fidel Castro">Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Berger" title="John Berger">Berger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Che_Guevara" title="Che Guevara">Guevara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Guattari" title="Félix Guattari">Guattari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Debord" title="Guy Debord">Debord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samir_Amin" title="Samir Amin">Amin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Berlinguer" title="Enrico Berlinguer">Berlinguer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Negri" title="Antonio Negri">Negri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abimael_Guzm%C3%A1n" title="Abimael Guzmán">Guzmán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Badiou" title="Alain Badiou">Badiou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jose_Maria_Sison" title="Jose Maria Sison">Sison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huey_P._Newton" title="Huey P. Newton">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tariq_Ali" title="Tariq Ali">Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Davis" title="Angela Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Holloway_(sociologist)" title="John Holloway (sociologist)">Holloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Hampton" title="Fred Hampton">Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavoj_Zizek" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavoj Zizek">Zizek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sankara" title="Thomas Sankara">Sankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_%C3%96calan" title="Abdullah Öcalan">Öcalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Manuel_S%C3%A1nchez_Gordillo" title="Juan Manuel Sánchez Gordillo">Gordillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Wilson_Gilmore" title="Ruth Wilson Gilmore">Gilmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subcomandante_Marcos" title="Subcomandante Marcos">Marcos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hardt" title="Michael Hardt">Hardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jodi_Dean" title="Jodi Dean">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Graeber" title="David Graeber">Graeber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Lordon" title="Frédéric Lordon">Lordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Kelley" title="Robin Kelley">Kelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Fisher" title="Mark Fisher">Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijay_Prashad" title="Vijay Prashad">Prashad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Zyuganov" title="Gennady Zyuganov">Zyuganov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Hatherley" title="Owen Hatherley">Hatherley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Moufawad-Paul" title="J. Moufawad-Paul">Moufawad-Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kohei_Saito" title="Kohei Saito">Saito</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">By region</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Far-left_politics_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Far-left politics in the United Kingdom">Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="Communism in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Colombia" title="Communism in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_France" title="Communism in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_India" title="Communism in India">India</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Kerala" title="Communism in Kerala">Kerala</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Korea" title="Communism in Korea">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Nepal" title="Communism in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Peru" title="Communism in Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_the_Philippines" title="Communism in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Poland" title="Communism in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_communism_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="History of communism in the Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Sumatra" title="Communism in Sumatra">Sumatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Vietnam" title="Communism in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Communist_symbolism" title="Communist symbolism">Symbols</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hammer_and_sickle" title="Hammer and sickle">Hammer and sickle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_flag_(politics)" title="Red flag (politics)">Red flag (politics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_star" title="Red star">Red star</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Internationale" title="The Internationale">The Internationale</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Workers_of_the_world,_unite!" title="Workers of the world, unite!">Workers of the world, unite!</a>"</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Criticism </div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communism" title="Anti-communism">Anti-communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_propaganda" title="Communist propaganda">Communist propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_communist_party_rule" title="Criticism of communist party rule">Criticism of communist party rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Marxism" title="Criticism of Marxism">Criticism of Marxism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related  topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/21st-century_communist_theorists" title="21st-century communist theorists">21st-century communist theorists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti_anti-communism" title="Anti anti-communism">Anti anti-communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communist_mass_killings" title="Anti-communist mass killings">Anti-communist mass killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-fascism" title="Anti-fascism">Anti-fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communitarianism" title="Communitarianism">Communitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_killings_under_communist_regimes" title="Mass killings under communist regimes">Mass killings under communist regimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalism_(politics)" title="Internationalism (politics)">Internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intentional_community" title="Intentional community">Intentional community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_politics" title="Left-wing politics">Left-wing politics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Left" title="Old Left">Old Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Left" title="New Left">New Left</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_and_LGBTQ_rights" title="Communism and LGBTQ rights">LGBTQ rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marx%27s_theory_of_alienation" title="Marx's theory of alienation">Marx's theory of alienation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_communism" title="National communism">National communism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_communism_in_Romania" title="National communism in Romania">Romania</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Scare" title="Red Scare">Red Scare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_socialism" title="Revolutionary socialism">Revolutionary socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_economics" title="Socialist economics">Socialist economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_mode_of_production" title="Socialist mode of production">Socialist mode of production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">Trade union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_communism" title="War communism">War communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worker_cooperative" title="Worker cooperative">Worker cooperative</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist" style="font-weight:normal; border-top:1px solid #CC0000; border-bottom:1px solid #CC0000;"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/16px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/24px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/32px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Communism" title="Portal:Communism">Communism portal</a> <br /> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_flag_II.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/16px-Red_flag_II.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/24px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/32px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="411" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Socialism" title="Portal:Socialism">Socialism portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Communism" title="Template:Communism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Communism" title="Template talk:Communism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Communism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Communism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Category:Marxism–Leninism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding:0.4em 0 0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Marx_Lenin_oval.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Marx_Lenin_oval.svg/100px-Marx_Lenin_oval.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Marx_Lenin_oval.svg/150px-Marx_Lenin_oval.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Marx_Lenin_oval.svg/200px-Marx_Lenin_oval.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative-command_system" title="Administrative-command system">Administrative-command system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-imperialism" title="Anti-imperialism">Anti-imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-revisionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-revisionism">Anti-revisionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planned_economy#Central_planning" title="Planned economy">Central planning</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet-type_economic_planning" title="Soviet-type economic planning">Soviet-type economic planning</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_farming" title="Collective farming">Collective farming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_leadership" title="Collective leadership">Collective leadership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commanding_heights_of_the_economy" title="Commanding heights of the economy">Commanding heights of the economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_centralism" title="Democratic centralism">Democratic centralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialectical_logic" title="Dialectical logic">Dialectical logic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialectical_materialism" title="Dialectical materialism">Dialectical materialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foco" title="Foco">Foco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intensification_of_the_class_struggle_under_socialism" title="Intensification of the class struggle under socialism">Intensification of the class struggle<br />under socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_aristocracy" title="Labor aristocracy">Labor aristocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist_atheism" title="Marxist–Leninist atheism">Marxist–Leninist atheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Soviet_man" title="New Soviet man">New Soviet man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">One-party state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partisan_(politics)" title="Partisan (politics)">Partiinost'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_democracy_(Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism)" title="People's democracy (Marxism–Leninism)">People's democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_front" title="Popular front">Popular front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletarian_internationalism" title="Proletarian internationalism">Proletarian internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_war" title="People's war">Protracted people's war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-criticism_(Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-criticism (Marxism–Leninism)">Self-criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_fascism" title="Social fascism">Social fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_one_country" title="Socialism in one country">Socialism in one country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_patriotism" title="Socialist patriotism">Socialist patriotism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_patriotism" title="Soviet patriotism">Soviet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavism#Socialist_Yugoslavism" title="Yugoslavism">Yugoslav</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_state" title="Communist state">State</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_state" title="Socialist state">Socialist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theory_of_the_productive_forces" title="Theory of the productive forces">Theory of the productive forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Period" title="Third Period">Third Period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguardism" title="Vanguardism">Vanguardism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wars_of_national_liberation" title="Wars of national liberation">Wars of national liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_power" title="Unified power">Unified power</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Variants</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Fidel_Castro" title="Politics of Fidel Castro">Castroism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guevarism" title="Guevarism">Guevarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_Thought" title="Ho Chi Minh Thought">Ho Chi Minh Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoxhaism" title="Hoxhaism">Hoxhaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Husakism" title="Husakism">Husakism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goulash_Communism" title="Goulash Communism">Kádárism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khrushchevism" class="mw-redirect" title="Khrushchevism">Khrushchevism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoism" title="Maoism">Maoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_with_Chinese_characteristics" title="Socialism with Chinese characteristics">Socialism with Chinese characteristics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stalinism" title="Stalinism">Stalinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titoism" title="Titoism">Titoism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">People</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Vladimir Lenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Th%C3%A4lmann" title="Ernst Thälmann">Ernst Thälmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khorloogiin_Choibalsan" title="Khorloogiin Choibalsan">Khorloogiin Choibalsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ehmetjan_Qasim" title="Ehmetjan Qasim">Ehmetjan Qasim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_D%C3%ADaz_(politician)" title="José Díaz (politician)">José Díaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Thorez" title="Maurice Thorez">Maurice Thorez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti">Palmiro Togliatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh" title="Ho Chi Minh">Ho Chi Minh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B5_Nguy%C3%AAn_Gi%C3%A1p" title="Võ Nguyên Giáp">Võ Nguyên Giáp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Browder" title="Earl Browder">Earl Browder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Nikita Khrushchev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Ulbricht" title="Walter Ulbricht">Walter Ulbricht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1ty%C3%A1s_R%C3%A1kosi" title="Mátyás Rákosi">Mátyás Rákosi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazar_Kaganovich" title="Lazar Kaganovich">Lazar Kaganovich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgi_Dimitrov" title="Georgi Dimitrov">Georgi Dimitrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boles%C5%82aw_Bierut" title="Bolesław Bierut">Bolesław Bierut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valko_Chervenkov" title="Valko Chervenkov">Valko Chervenkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klement_Gottwald" title="Klement Gottwald">Klement Gottwald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Gheorghiu-Dej" title="Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej">Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Enver Hoxha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaysone_Phomvihane" title="Kaysone Phomvihane">Kaysone Phomvihane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalid_Bakdash" title="Khalid Bakdash">Khalid Bakdash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Brezhnev" title="Leonid Brezhnev">Leonid Brezhnev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pol_Pot" title="Pol Pot">Pol Pot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikos_Zachariadis" title="Nikos Zachariadis">Nikos Zachariadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Che_Guevara" title="Che Guevara">Che Guevara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro" title="Fidel Castro">Fidel Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agostinho_Neto" title="Agostinho Neto">Agostinho Neto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BAcio_Lara" title="Lúcio Lara">Lúcio Lara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mengistu_Haile_Mariam" title="Mengistu Haile Mariam">Mengistu Haile Mariam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Il_Sung" title="Kim Il Sung">Kim Il Sung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chin_Peng" title="Chin Peng">Chin Peng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardial_Bains" title="Hardial Bains">Hardial Bains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanz%C5%8D_Nosaka" title="Sanzō Nosaka">Sanzō Nosaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Ceau%C8%99escu" title="Nicolae Ceaușescu">Nicolae Ceaușescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gust%C3%A1v_Hus%C3%A1k" title="Gustáv Husák">Gustáv Husák</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1nos_K%C3%A1d%C3%A1r" title="János Kádár">János Kádár</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Honecker" title="Erich Honecker">Erich Honecker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Gomu%C5%82ka" title="Władysław Gomułka">Władysław Gomułka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samora_Machel" title="Samora Machel">Samora Machel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sankara" title="Thomas Sankara">Thomas Sankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathieu_K%C3%A9r%C3%A9kou" title="Mathieu Kérékou">Mathieu Kérékou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siad_Barre" title="Siad Barre">Siad Barre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nur_Muhammad_Taraki" title="Nur Muhammad Taraki">Nur Muhammad Taraki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cano" title="Alfonso Cano">Alfonso Cano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohana_Wijeweera" title="Rohana Wijeweera">Rohana Wijeweera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gus_Hall" title="Gus Hall">Gus Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Pollitt" title="Harry Pollitt">Harry Pollitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpal_Brar" title="Harpal Brar">Harpal Brar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Zyuganov" title="Gennady Zyuganov">Gennady Zyuganov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski">Wojciech Jaruzelski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todor_Zhivkov" title="Todor Zhivkov">Todor Zhivkov</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Theoretical works</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="font-style:italic;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foundations_of_Leninism" title="Foundations of Leninism">Foundations of Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialectical_and_Historical_Materialism" title="Dialectical and Historical Materialism">Dialectical and Historical Materialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union_(Bolsheviks)" title="History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks)">The History of the Communist Party<br />of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Problems_of_Socialism_in_the_USSR" title="Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR">Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Critique_of_Soviet_Economics" title="A Critique of Soviet Economics">A Critique of Soviet Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundamentals_of_Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Fundamentals of Marxism–Leninism">Fundamentals of Marxism–Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_Warfare_(book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Guerrilla Warfare (book)">Guerrilla Warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quotations_from_Chairman_Mao_Tse-tung" title="Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung">Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_Ho_Chi_Minh%27s_Testament" title="President Ho Chi Minh's Testament">President Ho Chi Minh's Testament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Governance_of_China" title="The Governance of China">The Governance of China</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="History of the Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1927%E2%80%931953)" title="History of the Soviet Union (1927–1953)">1927–1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1953%E2%80%931964)" title="History of the Soviet Union (1953–1964)">1953–1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1964%E2%80%931982)" title="History of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)">1964–1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1982%E2%80%931991)" title="History of the Soviet Union (1982–1991)">1982–1991</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Break_(USSR)" title="Great Break (USSR)">Great Break</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collectivization_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Collectivization in the Soviet Union">Collectivization in the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrialization_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Industrialization in the Soviet Union">Industrialization in the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Purge" title="Great Purge">Great Purge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Patriotic_War_(term)" title="Great Patriotic War (term)">Great Patriotic War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Greek Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">Eastern Bloc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Revolution" title="Chinese Communist Revolution">Chinese Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="History of the People's Republic of China">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(1949%E2%80%931976)" title="History of the People's Republic of China (1949–1976)">1949–1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(1976%E2%80%931989)" title="History of the People's Republic of China (1976–1989)">1976–1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(1989%E2%80%932002)" title="History of the People's Republic of China (1989–2002)">1989–2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(2002%E2%80%93present)" title="History of the People's Republic of China (2002–present)">2002–present</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidation_of_the_Cuban_Revolution" title="Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution">Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De-Stalinization" title="De-Stalinization">De-Stalinization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact" title="Warsaw Pact">Warsaw Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Soviet_split" title="Sino-Soviet split">Sino-Soviet split</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1956" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1956">Hungarian Revolution of 1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Leap_Forward" title="Great Leap Forward">Great Leap Forward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Colonial_War" title="Portuguese Colonial War">Portuguese Colonial War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_power_movement" title="Black power movement">Black power movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaraguan_Revolution" title="Nicaraguan Revolution">Nicaraguan Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Revolution" title="Cultural Revolution">Cultural Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_Spring" title="Prague Spring">Prague Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency" title="Naxalite–Maoist insurgency">Naxalite insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1989" title="Revolutions of 1989">Revolutions of 1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_Civil_War" title="Nepalese Civil War">Nepalese Civil War</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">By country</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_Afghanistan" title="Democratic Republic of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Socialist_Republic_of_Albania" title="People's Socialist Republic of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Angola" title="People's Republic of Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Benin" title="People's Republic of Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria" title="People's Republic of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li>Cambodia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Kampuchea" title="Democratic Kampuchea">1975–79</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Kampuchea" title="People's Republic of Kampuchea">1979–92</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="People's Republic of the Congo">Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_Socialist_Republic" title="Czechoslovak Socialist Republic">Czechoslovakia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Socialist_Republic" title="Czech Socialist Republic">Czechia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Socialist_Republic" title="Slovak Socialist Republic">Slovakia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derg" title="Derg">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Revolutionary_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Revolutionary Government">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_People%27s_Republic" title="Hungarian People's Republic">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_People%27s_Republic" title="Mongolian People's Republic">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Mozambique" title="People's Republic of Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Republic" title="Polish People's Republic">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Romania" title="Socialist Republic of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_Democratic_Republic" title="Somali Democratic Republic">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Yemen" title="South Yemen">South Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic">Byelarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic">Uzbekistan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Croatia" title="Socialist Republic of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia" title="Socialist Republic of Macedonia">Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Montenegro" title="Socialist Republic of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Serbia" title="Socialist Republic of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Slovenia" title="Socialist Republic of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Organizations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comecon" title="Comecon">Comecon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_International" title="Communist International">Comintern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Cuba" title="Communist Party of Cuba">Communist Party of Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India" title="Communist Party of India">Communist Party of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Kampuchea" title="Communist Party of Kampuchea">Communist Party of Kampuchea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Communist Party of the Russian Federation">Communist Party of the Russian Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Communist Party of the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Communist Party of Vietnam">Communist Party of Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Communist_Party" title="French Communist Party">French Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indochinese_Communist_Party" title="Indochinese Communist Party">Indochinese Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_People%27s_Party#Forerunner_organizations_and_early_history" title="Cambodian People's Party">Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lao_People%27s_Revolutionary_Party" title="Lao People's Revolutionary Party">Lao People's Revolutionary Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal_Communist_Party" title="Nepal Communist Party">Nepal Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Labour_of_Albania" title="Party of Labour of Albania">Party of Labour of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine" title="Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine">Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandinista_National_Liberation_Front" title="Sandinista National Liberation Front">Sandinista National Liberation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_of_Korea" title="Workers' Party of Korea">Workers' Party of Korea</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bolshevism" title="Bolshevism">Bolshevism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communism" title="Anti-communism">Anti-communism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communist_mass_killings" title="Anti-communist mass killings">Mass killings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity_under_communist_regimes" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimes against humanity under communist regimes">Crimes against humanity<br />under communist regimes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mass_killings_under_communist_regimes" title="Mass killings under communist regimes">Mass killings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_communist_party_rule" title="Criticism of communist party rule">Criticism of communist party rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cult_of_personality" title="Cult of personality">Cult of personality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leninism" title="Leninism">Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism%E2%80%93Maoism" title="Marxism–Leninism–Maoism">Marxism–Leninism–Maoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_schools_of_thought" title="Marxist schools of thought">Marxist schools of thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Bolshevism" title="National Bolshevism">National Bolshevism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_class" title="New class">New class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-communism" title="Post-communism">Post-communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_fascism" title="Red fascism">Red fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Scare" title="Red Scare">Red Scare</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/McCarthyism" title="McCarthyism">Second</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_World" title="Second World">Second World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_capitalism" title="State capitalism">State capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_socialism" title="State socialism">State socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trotskyism" title="Trotskyism">Trotskyism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideology_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party">State ideology of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideology_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">State ideology of the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third-Worldism" class="mw-redirect" title="Third-Worldism">Third-Worldism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totalitarianism" title="Totalitarianism">Totalitarianism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; border-top:1px solid #CC0000; border-bottom:1px solid #CC0000;"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" 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.ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The JVP's ideology has occasionally changed depending on its leadership or other national and political issues within Sri Lanka or any other influential group.<sup id="cite_ref-Thesis_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thesis-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The JVP's initial mixed ideology was shaped by its origin from Maoism and exposure to other forms of Marxism, such as drawing on Maoist emphasis on the rural peasantry, <a href="/wiki/Guevarism" title="Guevarism">Guevarist</a> views on armed insurrection, and some <a href="/wiki/Trotskyism" title="Trotskyism">Trotskyist</a> criticisms of <a href="/wiki/Stalinism" title="Stalinism">Stalinism</a> while maintaining an <a href="/wiki/Anti-revisionism_(Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism)" title="Anti-revisionism (Marxism–Leninism)">anti-revisionist</a> line. In the beginning, it had schisms from internal ideological conflicts.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_five_lectures_(1965–1983)"><span id="First_five_lectures_.281965.E2.80.931983.29"></span>First five lectures (1965–1983)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: First five lectures (1965–1983)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first five lectures of the JVP based on class and social struggle were about the "failures" of the old left and the "path" for a new left. Wijeweera, who held anti-Indian sentiments, gave lectures against <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a> <a href="/wiki/Irredentism" title="Irredentism">irredentism</a>. The rest of the lectures are based on economy and unemployment.<sup id="cite_ref-Thesis_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thesis-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jathika_Chintanaya_(1983–1989)"><span id="Jathika_Chintanaya_.281983.E2.80.931989.29"></span><i>Jathika Chintanaya</i> (1983–1989)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Jathika Chintanaya (1983–1989)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1983, the JVP's ideology was modified, as the party foresaw the consequence of inaction against Indian intelligence agencies (particularly the <a href="/wiki/Research_and_Analysis_Wing" title="Research and Analysis Wing">Research and Analysis Wing</a>) infiltrating the national patronage. By this time it developed its own ideology named <i>Jathika Chintanaya</i> (<abbr title="translation">transl.</abbr><span> "national ideology"</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGunaratne1990258_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGunaratne1990258-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Third_lecture_(1994–present)"><span id="Third_lecture_.281994.E2.80.93present.29"></span>Third lecture (1994–present)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Third lecture (1994–present)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Somawansa_Amarasinghe" title="Somawansa Amarasinghe">Somawansa Amarasinghe</a>, who subsequently became the leader, modified the JVP from the roots and re-socialised with other democratic groups. It refused to be affiliated nationally, but later joined some left-right alliances such as the <a href="/wiki/United_National_Front_(Sri_Lanka)" title="United National Front (Sri Lanka)">United National Front</a>. The organisation believes in democracy-based political lines rather than insurrectionist lines it appreciated since its conception.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The JVP formed the National People's Power in 2015, which consists of various leftist groups. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Democratic_politics">Democratic politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Democratic politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prior_to_the_1971_insurrection">Prior to the 1971 insurrection</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Prior to the 1971 insurrection"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ceylonese_protests_against_the_Vietnam_War" title="Ceylonese protests against the Vietnam War">Ceylonese protests against the Vietnam War</a></div> <p>JVP was not recognised as a political party until its first uprising. The party rejected being a democratic party following the military coup in Indonesia against the <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Communist_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian Communist Party">Indonesian Communist Party</a>. It complained that the Ceylonese government would try to militarily defeat the group if it stopped arming itself. The government banned the JVP following an attack on the United States high commission in Ceylon. The government blamed the protests that led to the attack on the JVP members, but it was revealed that the attack was conducted by a Maoist organisation.<sup id="cite_ref-History_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-History-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_the_1971_uprising">After the 1971 uprising</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: After the 1971 uprising"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The brief conflict created turmoil in Sri Lanka's national politics and its international relations. Many countries were blamed for supporting the JVP, including the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a> (China) and North Korea; China denied supporting the party.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESamaranaike2008227–228_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESamaranaike2008227–228-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of the struggle, the UF government denounced the JVP in April 1971, and it became an underground organisation, though it participated in the 1978 local government elections. It refrained from attacking the government as the UF government was already facing persecution.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Entrance_to_elections">Entrance to elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Entrance to elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the 1978 elections, the organisation's reputation among revolutionaries decreased; however, the public began to recognise it, and it quickly gained members. In 1982 the JVP participated in the District Development Council (DDC) elections and the presidential elections; it was the only radical party that contested the DDC elections in 1982.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-History_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-History-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The UNP had introduced the District Development Council as a solution to the ethnic conflict. The <a href="/wiki/Nava_Sama_Samaja_Party" title="Nava Sama Samaja Party">Nava Sama Samaja Party</a> (NSSP), CPSL, and the nationalistic SLFP boycotted the elections, but as the JVP contested, it won a couple of seats in the council's elections. Around this time, the Election Commission of Sri Lanka formally recognised the JVP as a legitimate political party.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGunaratne1990152–153_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGunaratne1990152–153-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Persecution_of_the_United_Front">Persecution of the United Front</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Persecution of the United Front"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1978, the UNP introduced commissions to charge UF members for ignoring or violating human rights in events such as the humiliation, rape, and murder of <a href="/wiki/Premawathie_Manamperi" title="Premawathie Manamperi">Premawathie Manamperi</a>. The UNP called JVP members to give evidence against the UF; the UF criticised the procedure, calling it capitalist.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 76, 77">: 76, 77 </span></sup> Afterwards, the UF members lost their civil ownership, and were not allowed to participate in the 1978 elections. As a result, the <a href="/wiki/Tamil_United_Liberation_Front" title="Tamil United Liberation Front">Tamil United Liberation Front</a> (TULF) came to become the opposition, which the JVP tried to remove.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGunaratne1990165_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGunaratne1990165-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1982_presidential_election">1982 presidential election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: 1982 presidential election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1982_Sri_Lankan_presidential_election" title="1982 Sri Lankan presidential election">1982 Sri Lankan presidential election</a></div> <p>In 1982, Wijeweera contested the presidential elections. The party expected to win more than 500,000 votes but won only 275,000. Although it received more votes than <a href="/wiki/Colvin_R._de_Silva" title="Colvin R. de Silva">Colvin R. de Silva</a>, the party was disappointed by the results. The government banned the party again, and JVP membership dropped as people began to doubt its electoral viability. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1983_ethnic_riots">1983 ethnic riots</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: 1983 ethnic riots"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Black_July" title="Black July">Black July</a></div> <p>After the ethnic riots, the government denounced the JVP, CPSL, and NSSP to get the UK and US' attention, claiming that the parties were involved in the Black July riots that killed thousands of <a href="/wiki/Tamils" title="Tamils">Tamils</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoore199318_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoore199318-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The proscription on the CPSL was lifted due to its Tamil representation, but the JVP continued to be banned.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Full-time_performance_in_elections">Full-time performance in elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Full-time performance in elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JVP-may-day-rally-2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/JVP-may-day-rally-2016.jpg/300px-JVP-may-day-rally-2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/JVP-may-day-rally-2016.jpg/450px-JVP-may-day-rally-2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/JVP-may-day-rally-2016.jpg/600px-JVP-may-day-rally-2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="535" /></a><figcaption>A banner set up for May Day celebrations</figcaption></figure> <p>After JVP leadership was eliminated by state repression during the Premadasa government, it was resurrected as a political party joining the mainstream led by Somawansa Amerasinghe – the only surviving member of the decimated JVP politburo. However, the JVP had an internal conflict: JVP supported Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaranatunga's election campaign after withdrawing their candidate. The JVP contested the presidential elections in 1999 and their candidate Nandana Gunatilleke received 4.08% of the vote. The JVP was contested by the National Salvation Front.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVenugopal20105_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVenugopal20105-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The high point of the JVP's electoral effort was at the <a href="/wiki/Legislative" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative">legislative</a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Elections in Sri Lanka">elections</a> held on 2 April 2004. The party was part of the <a href="/wiki/United_People%27s_Freedom_Alliance" title="United People's Freedom Alliance">United People's Freedom Alliance</a> that won 45.6% of the popular vote and 105 out of the 225 seats in <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Parliament of Sri Lanka">Parliament</a>. As the second-largest party of this coalition, it became part of the government with 39 Members of Parliament and three cabinet portfolios.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-tsunami_violence">Post-tsunami violence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Post-tsunami violence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shortly after the <a href="/wiki/2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake_and_tsunami" title="2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami">2004 tsunami</a>, the JVP believed the Sri Lankan government was seeking assistance from the <a href="/wiki/Liberation_Tigers_of_Tamil_Eelam" title="Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam">Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam</a> (LTTE). After multiple arguments, the JVP and <a href="/wiki/Jathika_Hela_Urumaya" title="Jathika Hela Urumaya">Jathika Hela Urumaya</a> (JHU; Sinhala National Heritage) protested against the peace involvement from <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>. Subsequently, Tamil journalist Dharman Sivaram was assassinated. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Therraputtabaya_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Therraputtabaya Brigade (page does not exist)">Therraputtabaya Brigade</a>, unknown before, issued death threats to multiple other journalists, which included former JVP member <a href="/wiki/Victor_Ivan" title="Victor Ivan">Victor Ivan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2005_presidential_election">2005 presidential election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: 2005 presidential election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2005_Sri_Lankan_presidential_election" title="2005 Sri Lankan presidential election">2005 Sri Lankan presidential election</a></div> <p>In 2005, <a href="/wiki/Mahinda_Rajapaksa" title="Mahinda Rajapaksa">Mahinda Rajapaksa</a> was elected president of Sri Lanka. Some political analysts believed that the majority of support and endorsement to Rajapakse came from the JVP due to Rajapaksha opposing the peace process. A few analysts reject this idea, saying that JVP was too weak to make an influence in mainstream elections. Other independent intellectuals, like <a href="/wiki/Dayan_Jayatilleka" title="Dayan Jayatilleka">Dayan Jayatilleka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nalin_de_Silva" title="Nalin de Silva">Nalin de Silva</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_University_of_Peradeniya_people#jon" title="List of University of Peradeniya people">Mohan Samaranayake</a>, pointed out that the Rajapaksha agreement with the JVP ensured his victory.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Internal_conflict_of_April_2008">Internal conflict of April 2008</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Internal conflict of April 2008"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The party experienced an internal conflict between the two factions of <a href="/wiki/Wimal_Weerawansa" title="Wimal Weerawansa">Wimal Weerawansa</a> and the party leadership in April 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The party decided to suspend Weerawansa's on 21 March 2008. Media reports said that Weerawansa had an argument with the leadership based on the disarmament of the <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Makkal_Viduthalai_Pulikal" title="Tamil Makkal Viduthalai Pulikal">Tamil Makkal Viduthalai Pulikal</a> political party, which was attempting to participate in the country's eastern provincial council elections to be held in May 2008 under the ruling <a href="/wiki/United_People%27s_Freedom_Alliance" title="United People's Freedom Alliance">United People's Freedom Alliance</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A member of the party, Piyasiri Wijenayake, accused the UNP of conspiring against the JVP at a media conference held at Nippon Hotel in Colombo on 8 April 2008. He alleged that Ravi Karunanayake, a UNP member who had attended a meeting with senior JVP leaders at his residence, was the main conspirator.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wijenayake told BBC that his and Achala Suranga Jagoda's vehicles were forcefully removed by the group led by Jayanatha Wijesekara, a Member of Parliament from the <a href="/wiki/Trincomalee" title="Trincomalee">Trincomalee</a> district.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Weerawansa's group visited the most senior Buddhist monks of Asgiriya and Malwatte chapters on 20 April 2008 to seek blessings for their new political movement. Weerawansa also accused the UNP Kotte leaders of the conspiracy against the JVP.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Weerawansa's group then formed a new political party called the <a href="/wiki/Jathika_Nidahas_Peramuna" title="Jathika Nidahas Peramuna">Jathika Nidahas Peramuna</a> (JNP). Party activities began on 14 May 2008, the anniversary of the day Wijeweera had formed the JVP in 1965 and of the day the LTTE killed 146 pilgrims during the <a href="/wiki/Anuradhapura_massacre" title="Anuradhapura massacre">Anuradhapura massacre</a> at the Sri Maha Bodhi in 1985. The party leaders said that the new political party was an alternative to the two main political parties, UNP and SLFP, but not the JVP.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2008, the JNP joined the government, and claimed that the government should be supported at this moment as it was successfully fighting the LTTE in the north of Sri Lanka. JVP politicians blamed the government, saying that it had mishandled many problems, and alleged that their rivals had joined the government for personal gain.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010_presidential_and_parliamentary_elections">2010 presidential and parliamentary elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: 2010 presidential and parliamentary elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>JVP formed a coalition with UNP to support <a href="/wiki/Sarath_Fonseka" title="Sarath Fonseka">Sarath Fonseka</a>, the former army chief, in the 2010 presidential elections,<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but he was defeated by the incumbent, Mahinda Rajapaksa.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After this, the UNP left the coalition and the JVP contested the general elections along with Sarath Fonseka's factions under the banner of Democratic National Alliance. The alliance won 7 seats, of which 4 were won by JVP candidates. The party had 39 seats before the elections.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Internal_conflict_in_April_2012">Internal conflict in April 2012</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Internal conflict in April 2012"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The party had a schism in 2012 when a group of members left the party to make the new <a href="/wiki/Frontline_Socialist_Party" title="Frontline Socialist Party">Frontline Socialist Party</a> (FLSP). Although the FLSP was not as successful as the JVP, they still participated in elections. FLSP failed to overcome the JVP's popularity, but they remained more active by conducting protests and anti-American propaganda.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Formation_of_the_FLSP">Formation of the FLSP</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Formation of the FLSP"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Premakumar Gunaratnam was an elusive leader and JVP leaders denied his existence. In April 2012, the internal crisis within the party heated up between the hard-core socialist Gunaratnam and the party leader Somawansa Amarasinghe. As a result, the party's media unit was shut down once a majority of the members extended their support to Gunaratnam. The women's wing and a majority of the students and youth wings have extended their support to the Gunaratnam group.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Several student union leaders like Duminda Nagamuwa, Udul Premaratne, and Chameera Koswatta sided with the FLSP.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2015_presidential_and_parliamentary_elections">2015 presidential and parliamentary elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: 2015 presidential and parliamentary elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CPA_IMG_0027_(17066632918).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/CPA_IMG_0027_%2817066632918%29.jpg/220px-CPA_IMG_0027_%2817066632918%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/CPA_IMG_0027_%2817066632918%29.jpg/330px-CPA_IMG_0027_%2817066632918%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/CPA_IMG_0027_%2817066632918%29.jpg/440px-CPA_IMG_0027_%2817066632918%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1235" /></a><figcaption>A pro-democracy protest by the JVP</figcaption></figure> <p>JVP neither contested nor directly supported any coalition in the January 2015 presidential election, but it heavily criticised incumbent President Mahinda Rajapaksa, which assisted in his defeat. Later in August the party participated in the parliamentary election and obtained six seats, receiving 543,944 votes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2019_presidential_elections">2019 presidential elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: 2019 presidential elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The party went to the elections as <a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Power" title="National People's Power">National People's Power</a>, and its candidate was <a href="/wiki/Anura_Kumara_Dissanayake" title="Anura Kumara Dissanayake">Anura Kumara Dissanayake</a>. He received 418,553 votes, which accounted for 3.16% of valid votes in the presidential election. Since then, the party has been called the NPP or JJB (Jathika Jana Balavegaya), but is still referred to as JVP casually.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2020_parliamentary_elections">2020 parliamentary elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: 2020 parliamentary elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The NPP participated in the 2020 elections, and became fourth from votes. The party gained a total of 445,958 (3.48%) votes, which is the least the party gained since the second election in 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-adaderana_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adaderana-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Minority_to_Majority">Minority to Majority</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Minority to Majority"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2024_presidential_election">2024 presidential election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: 2024 presidential election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2024_Sri_Lankan_presidential_election" title="2024 Sri Lankan presidential election">2024 Sri Lankan presidential election</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Anura_Kumara_Dissanayake" title="Anura Kumara Dissanayake">Anura Kumara Dissanayake</a> ran for a second time under the banner of the <a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Power" title="National People's Power">NPP</a>. The election was a three-way contest between incumbent <a href="/wiki/President_of_Sri_Lanka" title="President of Sri Lanka">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Ranil_Wickremesinghe" title="Ranil Wickremesinghe">Ranil Wickremesinghe</a>, incumbent <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Leader of the Opposition (Sri Lanka)">Leader of the Opposition</a> <a href="/wiki/Sajith_Premadasa" title="Sajith Premadasa">Sajith Premadasa</a> and Dissanayake. The first vote count concluded with no candidate winning a majority. Dissanayake won a plurality of the vote with 42.31%, followed by Premadasa with 32.76%. Incumbent president Wickremesinghe finished third, winning only 17.27% of the vote. Since no candidate won a majority, a second round of vote counting was held for the first time in Sri Lanka's history under its limited ranked voting system. The following day, Dissanayake was declared the winner, winning 55.89% of the vote in the second round. He took office the following day.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2024_parliamentary_elections">2024 parliamentary elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: 2024 parliamentary elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the subsequent parliamentary elections, the JVP became the largest party in the parliament for the first time with 159 seats, winning a <a href="/wiki/Supermajority" title="Supermajority">supermajority</a>. The JVP majority was the second-largest majority in the country’s parliamentary history, and the first election since <a href="/wiki/1977_Sri_Lankan_parliamentary_election" title="1977 Sri Lankan parliamentary election">1977</a> where a single party managed to achieve a supermajority. The JVP secured 6,863,186 votes, the highest ever obtained by a single political party in a general election, surpassing the 6,853,690 votes won by the <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_People%27s_Freedom_Alliance" title="Sri Lanka People's Freedom Alliance">SLPFA</a> in <a href="/wiki/2020_Sri_Lankan_parliamentary_election" title="2020 Sri Lankan parliamentary election">2020</a>. The JVP also won a record breaking 61.56% of the total vote, overtaking the previous record of 60.33% won by the <a href="/wiki/United_People%27s_Freedom_Alliance" title="United People's Freedom Alliance">UPFA</a> in <a href="/wiki/2010_Sri_Lankan_parliamentary_election" title="2010 Sri Lankan parliamentary election">2010</a>. The JVP won the most seats in the <a href="/wiki/Jaffna_Electoral_District" title="Jaffna Electoral District">Jaffna District</a>, thus making it the first non-<a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Tamils" title="Sri Lankan Tamils">Tamil</a> political party to win this district.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Altogether, the JVP won 21 out of 22 electoral districts, and 152 constituencies.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Vijitha_Herath" title="Vijitha Herath">Vijitha Hearath</a>, contesting from <a href="/wiki/Gampaha_District" title="Gampaha District">Gampaha District</a>, won 716,715 preferential votes, the highest ever recorded by a candidate in Sri Lanka. This surpassed previous records set by <a href="/wiki/Ranil_Wickremesinghe" title="Ranil Wickremesinghe">Ranil Wickremesinghe</a> in <a href="/wiki/2015_Sri_Lankan_parliamentary_election" title="2015 Sri Lankan parliamentary election">2015</a> (500,566 votes), <a href="/wiki/Mahinda_Rajapaksa" title="Mahinda Rajapaksa">Mahinda Rajapaksa</a> in 2020 (527,364 votes), and <a href="/wiki/Harini_Amarasuriya" title="Harini Amarasuriya">Harini Amarasuriya</a> earlier in the election with 655,289 votes from the <a href="/wiki/Colombo_District" title="Colombo District">Colombo District</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The election also witnessed a milestone in women's representation, with a record 21 female MPs elected, the highest in Sri Lanka's parliamentary history. Among them, 19 represented the JVP.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leadership">Leadership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Leadership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leader">Leader</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Leader"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name</th> <th>Portrait</th> <th>Periods in party leadership</th> <th>Special Notes </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Rohana_Wijeweera" title="Rohana Wijeweera">Rohana Wijeweera</a> </th> <td> </td> <td>14 May 1965 – 13 November 1989 </td> <td>Founder of the JVP, led the party from its beginning until <a href="/wiki/Operation_Combine" title="Operation Combine">his death</a> on 13 November 1989. </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Saman_Piyasiri_Fernando" title="Saman Piyasiri Fernando">Saman Piyasiri Fernando</a> </th> <td> </td> <td>13 November 1989 – 29 December 1989 </td> <td>Led the JVP for a few days until his death. </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Lalith_Wijerathna" title="Lalith Wijerathna">Lalith Wijerathna</a> </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lalith_wijerathne_photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Lalith_wijerathne_photo.jpg/52px-Lalith_wijerathne_photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="52" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Lalith_wijerathne_photo.jpg/78px-Lalith_wijerathne_photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Lalith_wijerathne_photo.jpg/104px-Lalith_wijerathne_photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="144" data-file-height="216" /></a></span> </td> <td>27 December 1989 – 1 January 1990 </td> <td>Third leader of the JVP for a very brief period until his capture and arrest. </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Somawansa_Amarasinghe" title="Somawansa Amarasinghe">Somawansa Amarasinghe</a> </th> <td> </td> <td>1 January 1990 – 2 February 2014 </td> <td>Rebuilt the JVP after almost all its top leaders were eliminated between 1989 and 1990. Continued to be its leader until his retirement in February 2014. </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Anura_Kumara_Dissanayake" title="Anura Kumara Dissanayake">Anura Kumara Dissanayake</a> </th> <td> </td> <td>2 February 2014 – present </td> <td>Current leader of the JVP and <a href="/wiki/President_of_Sri_Lanka" title="President of Sri Lanka">President of Sri Lanka</a> since 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General_Secretary">General Secretary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: General Secretary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name</th> <th>Portrait</th> <th>Periods in party leadership </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Athula_Nimalasiri_Jayasinghe" title="Athula Nimalasiri Jayasinghe">Athula Nimalasiri Jayasinghe</a> </th> <td> </td> <td>14 May 1965 – 1973 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Upatissa_Gamanayake" title="Upatissa Gamanayake">Upatissa Gamanayake</a> </th> <td> </td> <td>1973 – December 25, 1976 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Somawansa_Amarasinghe" title="Somawansa Amarasinghe">Somawansa Amarasinghe</a> </th> <td> </td> <td>December 25, 1976 – 1 January 1990 </td></tr> <tr> <th><b>Vacant</b> </th> <td> </td> <td>1 January 1990 – July 15, 1995 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Tilvin_Silva" title="Tilvin Silva">Tilvin Silva</a> </th> <td> </td> <td>July 15, 1995 – present<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_notable_leaders">Other notable leaders</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Other notable leaders"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sarath_Wijesinghe" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarath Wijesinghe">Sarath Wijesinghe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Ivan" title="Victor Ivan">Victor Ivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayadeva_Uyangoda" title="Jayadeva Uyangoda">Jayadeva Uyangoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upatissa_Gamanayake" title="Upatissa Gamanayake">Upatissa Gamanayake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D.M._Ananda" class="mw-redirect" title="D.M. Ananda">D.M. Ananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.B._Herath" class="mw-redirect" title="H.B. Herath">H.B. Herath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shantha_Bandara" title="Shantha Bandara">Shantha Bandara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premakumar_Gunaratnam" title="Premakumar Gunaratnam">Premakumar Gunaratnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._R._B._Wimalarathna" title="P. R. B. Wimalarathna">P. R. B. Wimalarathna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piyadasa_Ranasinghe" title="Piyadasa Ranasinghe">Piyadasa Ranasinghe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandathilaka_Galappaththi" title="Nandathilaka Galappaththi">Nandathilaka Galappaththi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunaratne_Wanasinghe" title="Gunaratne Wanasinghe">Gunaratne Wanasinghe</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_history">Electoral history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Electoral history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presidential">Presidential</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Presidential"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption><a href="/wiki/President_of_Sri_Lanka" title="President of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka Presidential elections</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th> </th> <th colspan="2"><b>First round</b> </th> <th colspan="2"><b>Second round</b> </th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Election year </th> <th>Candidate </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>Vote % </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>Vote % </th> <th>Result </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1982_Sri_Lankan_presidential_election" title="1982 Sri Lankan presidential election">1982</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Rohana_Wijeweera" title="Rohana Wijeweera">Rohana Wijeweera</a> </td> <td align="right">273,428 </td> <td align="right">4.19% </td> <td colspan="2" data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Lost </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1994_Sri_Lankan_presidential_election" title="1994 Sri Lankan presidential election">1994</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Nihal_Galappaththi" title="Nihal Galappaththi">Nihal Galappaththi</a> </td> <td align="right">22,749 </td> <td align="right">0.30% </td> <td colspan="2" data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Lost<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1999_Sri_Lankan_presidential_election" title="1999 Sri Lankan presidential election">1999</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Nandana_Gunathilake" title="Nandana Gunathilake">Nandana Gunathilake</a> </td> <td align="right">344,173 </td> <td align="right">4.08% </td> <td colspan="2" data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Lost </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2019_Sri_Lankan_presidential_election" title="2019 Sri Lankan presidential election">2019</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Anura_Kumara_Dissanayake" title="Anura Kumara Dissanayake">Anura Kumara Dissanayake</a> </td> <td align="right">418,553 </td> <td align="right">3.16% </td> <td colspan="2" data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Lost<sup id="cite_ref-NPP_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPP-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2024_Sri_Lankan_presidential_election" title="2024 Sri Lankan presidential election">2024</a> </th> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Anura_Kumara_Dissanayake" title="Anura Kumara Dissanayake">Anura Kumara Dissanayake</a></b> </td> <td align="center"><b>5,634,915</b> </td> <td align="center"><b>42.31%</b> </td> <td align="center"><b>5,716,971</b> </td> <td align="center"><b>55.96%</b> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Won<sup id="cite_ref-NPP_91-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPP-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parliamentary">Parliamentary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Parliamentary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="sortable wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Election year </th> <th>Party leader </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>Vote % </th> <th>Seats won </th> <th>+/– </th> <th>Government </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1994_Sri_Lankan_parliamentary_election" title="1994 Sri Lankan parliamentary election">1994</a> </th> <td rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Somawansa_Amarasinghe" title="Somawansa Amarasinghe">Somawansa Amarasinghe</a> </td> <td align="center">90,078 </td> <td align="center">1.13% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 225</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 0.4%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2000_Sri_Lankan_parliamentary_election" title="2000 Sri Lankan parliamentary election">2000</a> </th> <td align="center">518,774 </td> <td align="center">6.00% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">10 / 225</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 4%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 9 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2001_Sri_Lankan_parliamentary_election" title="2001 Sri Lankan parliamentary election">2001</a> </th> <td align="center">815,353 </td> <td align="center">9.10% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">16 / 225</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 7%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 6 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/2004_Sri_Lankan_parliamentary_election" title="2004 Sri Lankan parliamentary election">2004</a> </th> <td rowspan="2">4,223,970 </td> <td rowspan="2">45.60% </td> <td rowspan="2"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">39 / 225</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 17%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 23 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Government <small>(2004-2005)</small><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition <small>(2005-2010)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2010_Sri_Lankan_parliamentary_election" title="2010 Sri Lankan parliamentary election">2010</a> </th> <td align="center">441,251 </td> <td align="center">5.49% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">4 / 225</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 2%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 35 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2015_Sri_Lankan_parliamentary_election" title="2015 Sri Lankan parliamentary election">2015</a> </th> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Anura_Kumara_Dissanayake" title="Anura Kumara Dissanayake">Anura Kumara Dissanayake</a> </td> <td align="center">543,944 </td> <td align="center">4.87% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">6 / 225</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 3%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Sri_Lankan_parliamentary_election" title="2020 Sri Lankan parliamentary election">2020</a> </th> <td align="center">445,958 </td> <td align="center">3.84% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">3 / 225</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 1%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2024_Sri_Lankan_parliamentary_election" title="2024 Sri Lankan parliamentary election">2024</a> </th> <td>6,863,186 </td> <td>61.56% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">159 / 225</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 71%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 156 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Government<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Provincial">Provincial</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Provincial"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="sortable wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Election year </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>Vote % </th> <th><b>Councillors</b> </th> <th><b>Councils</b> </th> <th>+/– </th> <th>Leader </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1999_Sri_Lankan_provincial_council_elections" title="1999 Sri Lankan provincial council elections">1999</a> </th> <td>417,168 </td> <td>6.24% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">25 / 380</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 7%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 2</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td> </td> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Somawansa_Amarasinghe" title="Somawansa Amarasinghe">Somawansa Amarasinghe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2004_Sri_Lankan_provincial_council_elections" title="2004 Sri Lankan provincial council elections">2004</a><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td align="center">3,364,239 </td> <td align="center">57.68% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">227 / 380</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1609F7; width: 60%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">7 / 7</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1609F7; width: 100%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 202 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2008%E2%80%9309_Sri_Lankan_provincial_council_elections" title="2008–09 Sri Lankan provincial council elections">2008</a> </th> <td align="center">234,442 </td> <td align="center">2.88% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">12 / 417</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 3%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 8</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 215 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2012_Sri_Lankan_provincial_council_elections" title="2012 Sri Lankan provincial council elections">2012</a> </th> <td align="center">31,384 </td> <td align="center">1.56% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 114</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 0.9%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 3</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 11 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2013_Sri_Lankan_provincial_council_elections" title="2013 Sri Lankan provincial council elections">2013</a> </th> <td align="center">33,799 </td> <td align="center">1.25% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 148</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 0.7%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 3</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/March_2014_Sri_Lankan_provincial_council_elections" title="March 2014 Sri Lankan provincial council elections">2014</a> (Mar) </th> <td align="center">265,240 </td> <td align="center">7.05% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">11 / 159</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 7%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 2</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 10 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Anura_Kumara_Dissanayake" title="Anura Kumara Dissanayake">Anura Kumara Dissanayake</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2014_Uva_Provincial_Council_election" title="2014 Uva Provincial Council election">2014</a> (Sep) </th> <td align="center">36,580 </td> <td align="center">5.36% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 34</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 6%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 1</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Local">Local</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Local"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="sortable wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Election year </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>Vote % </th> <th>Councillors </th> <th>Local Authorities </th> <th>+/– </th> <th>Leader </th></tr> <tr> <th>2002<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>492,429 </td> <td>6.83% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">257 / 3,629</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 7%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 296</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 0.3%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td> </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Somawansa_Amarasinghe" title="Somawansa Amarasinghe">Somawansa Amarasinghe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2006<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td align="center">859,748 </td> <td align="center">12.73% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">377 / 4,013</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 9%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 296</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 0.3%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 120 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2011_Sri_Lankan_local_elections" title="2011 Sri Lankan local elections">2011</a> </th> <td align="center">242,502 </td> <td align="center">2.84% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">74 / 4,327</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 2%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 322</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 303 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2018_Sri_Lankan_local_elections" title="2018 Sri Lankan local elections">2018</a> </th> <td align="center">710,932 </td> <td align="center">5.75% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">434 / 8,327</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 5%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 340</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 360 </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Anura_Kumara_Dissanayake" title="Anura Kumara Dissanayake">Anura Kumara Dissanayake</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2019_Elpitiya_Pradeshiya_Sabha_election" title="2019 Elpitiya Pradeshiya Sabha election">2019 (Elpitiya)</a> </th> <td align="center">2,435 </td> <td align="center">5.80% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 30</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 7%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 1</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2024_Elpitiya_Pradeshiya_Sabha_election" title="2024 Elpitiya Pradeshiya Sabha election">2024 (Elpitiya)</a> </th> <td align="center">17,295 </td> <td align="center">47.64% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">15 / 30</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 50%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 1</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED1847; width: 100%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 13 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Offshoots">Offshoots</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Offshoots"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since its creation in 1965, JVP has had several major schisms: some branches emerged as militant factions while others participated in elections. Many schisms were due to ideological changes, while others were caused by internal conflicts with other major leaders within the party. </p> <ul><li>The <b>Viplavakari Tharuna Peramuna</b> (Ceylon Revolutionary Youth Front) participated with the JVP and the <a href="/wiki/Lanka_Sama_Samaja_Party_(Revolutionary)" title="Lanka Sama Samaja Party (Revolutionary)">Lanka Sama Samaja Party</a> in a rally on May Day; it is believed to be an offshoot.<sup id="cite_ref-ryryyry_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ryryyry-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <b><a href="/wiki/Motherland_Defense_Front" class="mw-redirect" title="Motherland Defense Front">Motherland Defense Front</a></b> was a patriotic front that was formerly a coalition between the JVP and the Maoists. It was succeeded by the Patriotic People's Movement.<sup id="cite_ref-ryryyry_99-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ryryyry-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <b>Maoist Youth Front</b> was created in 1970 as a Maoist offshoot of the JVP when a certain number of JVP members were expelled from the group. It emerged as a militant organization before collapsing after the first JVP insurrection in 1971. Its leader was Dharmasekara.<sup id="cite_ref-ryryyry_99-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ryryyry-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <b><a href="/wiki/Frontline_Socialist_Party" title="Frontline Socialist Party">Frontline Socialist Party</a></b> was formed in 2012.</li> <li>The <b><a href="/wiki/Jathika_Nidahas_Peramuna" title="Jathika Nidahas Peramuna">Jathika Nidahas Peramuna</a></b> or <b>National Freedom Front</b> (NFF) is a left-wing offshoot of non-radicals formerly part of the JVP led by former JVP member <a href="/wiki/Wimal_Weerawansa" title="Wimal Weerawansa">Wimal Weerawansa</a>. To this day, the NFF is a significant minor party in Sri Lankan politics, closely aligned with the <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Freedom_Party" title="Sri Lanka Freedom Party">Sri Lanka Freedom Party</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_assassinations_of_the_Second_JVP_Insurrection" title="List of assassinations of the Second JVP Insurrection">List of assassinations of the Second JVP Insurrection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udugan_Yamaya" title="Udugan Yamaya">Udugan Yamaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginnen_Upan_Seethala" title="Ginnen Upan Seethala">Ginnen Upan Seethala</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinhala_language" title="Sinhala language">Sinhala</a>: <span lang="si">ජනතා විමුක්ති පෙරමුණ</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Sinhala-language romanization"><i lang="si-Latn"><i>Janatā Vimukti Peramuṇa</i></i></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a>: <span lang="ta">மக்கள் விடுதலை முன்னணி</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Tamil-language romanization"><i lang="ta-Latn"><i>Makkaḷ Viṭutalai Muṉṉaṇi</i></i></span></li></ul></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/1971_JVP_insurrection#Prelude" title="1971 JVP insurrection">1971 JVP insurrection#Prelude</a>; <a href="/wiki/1971_JVP_insurrection#Insurrection" title="1971 JVP insurrection">1971 JVP insurrection#Insurrection</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Contested as a <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Progressive_Front" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Lanka Progressive Front">Sri Lanka Progressive Front</a> candidate</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NPP-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NPP_91-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NPP_91-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Contested as a <a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Power" title="National People's Power">National People's Power</a> candidate</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As part of the <a href="/wiki/United_People%27s_Freedom_Alliance" title="United People's Freedom Alliance">United People's Freedom Alliance</a>, but left the coalition after a year with the 39 elected seats</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As part of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_National_Alliance_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Democratic National Alliance (Sri Lanka)">Democratic National Alliance</a>, but later the coalition was dissolved and JVP was left with 4 seats</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Contested as the <a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Power" title="National People's Power">National People's Power</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As part of the <a href="/wiki/United_People%27s_Freedom_Alliance" title="United People's Freedom Alliance">United People's Freedom Alliance</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>h<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBennet,_Owen" class="citation book cs1">Bennet, Owen. <i>The Patriotic Struggle of the JVP: A Reappraisal</i>. pp. 43–44.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Patriotic+Struggle+of+the+JVP%3A+A+Reappraisal&rft.pages=43-44&rft.au=Bennet%2C+Owen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-marxist1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-marxist1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-marxist1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/rest-of-world/sri-lankas-marxist-party-to-make-official-visit-to-india/articleshow/107405615.cms">"Sri Lanka's Marxist party to make official visit to India"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i>. 4 February 2024. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257">0971-8257</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Sri+Lanka%27s+Marxist+party+to+make+official+visit+to+India&rft.date=2024-02-04&rft.issn=0971-8257&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fworld%2Frest-of-world%2Fsri-lankas-marxist-party-to-make-official-visit-to-india%2Farticleshow%2F107405615.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-marxist2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-marxist2_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-marxist2_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/3251749/sri-lanka-india-embraces-resurgent-old-foe-keep-china-bay">"In Sri Lanka, India embraces a resurgent old foe to keep China at bay"</a>. <i>South China Morning Post</i>. 12 February 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=In+Sri+Lanka%2C+India+embraces+a+resurgent+old+foe+to+keep+China+at+bay&rft.date=2024-02-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fweek-asia%2Fpolitics%2Farticle%2F3251749%2Fsri-lanka-india-embraces-resurgent-old-foe-keep-china-bay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBalachandran2015" class="citation web cs1">Balachandran, P. K. (20 January 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/2015/Jan/20/jvp-demands-arrest-trial-of-ltte%E2%80%99s-%E2%80%98kp%E2%80%99-707346.html">"JVP Demands Arrest, Trial of LTTE's 'KP'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The New Indian Express</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=JVP+Demands+Arrest%2C+Trial+of+LTTE%27s+%27KP%27&rft.date=2015-01-20&rft.aulast=Balachandran&rft.aufirst=P.+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newindianexpress.com%2Fcities%2Fchennai%2F2015%2FJan%2F20%2Fjvp-demands-arrest-trial-of-ltte%25E2%2580%2599s-%25E2%2580%2598kp%25E2%2580%2599-707346.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSenanayake2024" class="citation web cs1">Senanayake, Devana (26 September 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/09/12/sri-lanka-left-politics-socialism-protest-movement-history/">"Sri Lanka's Left Turn"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Policy" title="Foreign Policy">Foreign Policy</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Policy&rft.atitle=Sri+Lanka%27s+Left+Turn&rft.date=2024-09-26&rft.aulast=Senanayake&rft.aufirst=Devana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforeignpolicy.com%2F2022%2F09%2F12%2Fsri-lanka-left-politics-socialism-protest-movement-history%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-History-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-History_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-History_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-History_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jvpsrilanka.com/english/download/1168/"><i>History of the JVP, 1965–1994</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+JVP%2C+1965%E2%80%931994&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jvpsrilanka.com%2Fenglish%2Fdownload%2F1168%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhetstoneLuna_K._C.2023" class="citation journal cs1">Whetstone, Crystal; Luna K. C. (April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/23477970231152027">"Disrupting the Saviour Politics in the Women, Peace and Security Agenda in the Global South: Grassroots Women Creating Gender Norms in Nepal and Sri Lanka"</a>. <i>Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs</i>. <b>10</b> (1): 95–121. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F23477970231152027">10.1177/23477970231152027</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2347-7970">2347-7970</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Asian+Security+and+International+Affairs&rft.atitle=Disrupting+the+Saviour+Politics+in+the+Women%2C+Peace+and+Security+Agenda+in+the+Global+South%3A+Grassroots+Women+Creating+Gender+Norms+in+Nepal+and+Sri+Lanka&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=95-121&rft.date=2023-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F23477970231152027&rft.issn=2347-7970&rft.aulast=Whetstone&rft.aufirst=Crystal&rft.au=Luna+K.+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1177%2F23477970231152027&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeVotta2010" class="citation book cs1">DeVotta, Neil (2010). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=As+Sri+Lanka+votes%2C+a+%242.9bn+IMF+loan+looms+large&rft.aulast=Kozul-Wright&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Feconomy%2F2024%2F9%2F20%2Fas-sri-lanka-votes-a-2-9bn-imf-loan-looms-large&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-adaderana-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-adaderana_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-adaderana_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://election.adaderana.lk/general-election-2020/">"2020 results"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2020+results&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Felection.adaderana.lk%2Fgeneral-election-2020%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.antiwarsongs.org/canzone.php?lang=en&id=2003&infos=1#agg1933">"The Internationale in 82 languages"</a>. <i>Anti War Songs</i>. Retrieved 31 August 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141226033838/http://www.slelections.gov.lk/pdf/pre2015/others/Political%20Party%20English.pdf">"List of recognized political parties"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Rummel: An Assessment of His Many Contributions</i>. SpringerBriefs on Pioneers in Science and Practice. Vol. 37. New York City, New York: Springer. pp. 111–129. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-319-54463-2_12">10.1007/978-3-319-54463-2_12</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-319-54463-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-319-54463-2"><bdi>978-3-319-54463-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Comparative+Analysis+of+Mass+Atrocities+and+Genocide&rft.btitle=R.J.+Rummel%3A+An+Assessment+of+His+Many+Contributions&rft.place=New+York+City%2C+New+York&rft.series=SpringerBriefs+on+Pioneers+in+Science+and+Practice&rft.pages=111-129&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-319-54463-2_12&rft.isbn=978-3-319-54463-2&rft.aulast=Harff&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Fcontent%2Fpdf%2F10.1007%252F978-3-319-54463-2_12.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span> At pp. 117–118</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Not Quite Paradise: An American Sojourn in Sri Lanka, 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlles200740;64-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlles200740;64_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAlles2007">Alles 2007</a>, p. 40;64.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlles2007309-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlles2007309_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAlles2007">Alles 2007</a>, p. 309.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGunaratne1990272-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGunaratne1990272_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGunaratne1990">Gunaratne 1990</a>, p. 272.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGunaratne1990144-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGunaratne1990144_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGunaratne1990">Gunaratne 1990</a>, p. 144.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://syusrilanka.com/සමාජවාදී-තරුණ-සංගමය-හා-පල-2/">"සමාජවාදී තරුණ සංගමය හා පලස්තීන තානාපති කාර්යාලය අතර හමුවක්"</a> [A meeting between the Palestine High Commission and the Socialist Youth Union] (in Sinhala). Socialist Students' Union. 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%93+%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%AB+%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%BA+%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%8F+%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1+%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92+%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA+%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB+%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A&rft.pub=Socialist+Students%27+Union&rft.date=2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsyusrilanka.com%2F%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%93-%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%AB-%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%BA-%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%8F-%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BD-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-affiliated-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-affiliated_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-affiliated_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">History of the JVP. pp. 82;83</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NKnews-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NKnews_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NKnews_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFR._Benjamin" class="citation news cs1">R. Benjamin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nknews.org/2017/10/the-story-of-a-north-korea-backed-rebellion-in-1971-sri-lanka">"The story of a North Korea-backed rebellion in Sri Lanka"</a>. NK News.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+story+of+a+North+Korea-backed+rebellion+in+Sri+Lanka&rft.au=R.+Benjamin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nknews.org%2F2017%2F10%2Fthe-story-of-a-north-korea-backed-rebellion-in-1971-sri-lanka&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nknews.org/2014/03/north-koreas-role-in-sri-lankas-bloody-insurgencies">North Korea's role in Sri Lanka's bloody insurgencies</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2017/10/14/srik-o14.html">"Sri Lankan government enforces UN sanctions against North Korea"</a>. <a href="/wiki/World_Socialist_Website" class="mw-redirect" title="World Socialist Website">World Socialist Website</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sri+Lankan+government+enforces+UN+sanctions+against+North+Korea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsws.org%2Fen%2Farticles%2F2017%2F10%2F14%2Fsrik-o14.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGunaratne199022-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGunaratne199022_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGunaratne1990">Gunaratne 1990</a>, p. 22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jvpsrilanka.com/english/download/1168">History of the JVP</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">C.A Chandraprema (1991). p. 57-60</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2018/12/22/yahapalana-as-a-puppet-regime-part-8">"LankaWeb – YAHAPALANA AS a PUPPET REGIME Part 8"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=LankaWeb+%E2%80%93+YAHAPALANA+AS+a+PUPPET+REGIME+Part+8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lankaweb.com%2Fnews%2Fitems%2F2018%2F12%2F22%2Fyahapalana-as-a-puppet-regime-part-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Thesis-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Thesis_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thesis_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBennett2013" class="citation book cs1">Bennett, Owen (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jvpthesis.weebly.com/uploads/2/6/9/5/26951649/jvp_thisis_final_1.pdf"><i>The Patriotic Struggle of the JVP</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Patriotic+Struggle+of+the+JVP&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=Owen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjvpthesis.weebly.com%2Fuploads%2F2%2F6%2F9%2F5%2F26951649%2Fjvp_thisis_final_1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses Journal, Volume 3, Issue 4</i>. Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses. p. 596.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Institute+for+Defence+Studies+and+Analyses+Journal%2C+Volume+3%2C+Issue+4&rft.pages=596&rft.pub=Institute+for+Defence+Studies+and+Analyses&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://europe-solidaire.org/spip.php?article57510">"Sri Lanka: Origins and growth of Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna - Europe Solidaire Sans Frontières"</a>. <i>europe-solidaire.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bbc.com&rft.atitle=Anura+Kumara+Dissanayake%3A+Left-leaning+leader+wins+Sri+Lanka+election&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fclyznjz3d78o&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sundaytimes.lk/000227/news2.html">"The Sunday Times News/Comment Section"</a>. <i>www.sundaytimes.lk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sundaytimes.lk&rft.atitle=The+Sunday+Times+News%2FComment+Section&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sundaytimes.lk%2F000227%2Fnews2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elections.gov.lk/web/wp-content/uploads/election-results/local-authorities-elections/local-authorities-2002.pdf">"LOCAL AUTHORITIES ELECTIONS - 20.05.2002"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.elections.gov.lk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.elections.gov.lk&rft.atitle=LOCAL+AUTHORITIES+ELECTIONS+-+20.05.2002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Felections.gov.lk%2Fweb%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Felection-results%2Flocal-authorities-elections%2Flocal-authorities-2002.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elections.gov.lk/web/wp-content/uploads/election-results/local-authorities-elections/local-authorities-2006.pdf">"Local Authorities Elections Results 2006"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.elections.gov.lk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.elections.gov.lk&rft.atitle=Local+Authorities+Elections+Results+2006&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Felections.gov.lk%2Fweb%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Felection-results%2Flocal-authorities-elections%2Flocal-authorities-2006.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ryryyry-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ryryyry_99-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ryryyry_99-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ryryyry_99-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>A History of the JVP 1965–1994</i>. Niyamuva Publishers. 2009. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-955-8696-39-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-955-8696-39-2"><bdi>978-955-8696-39-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+JVP+1965%E2%80%931994&rft.pub=Niyamuva+Publishers&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-955-8696-39-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGunaratne1990" class="citation book cs1">Gunaratne, Rohan (1990). <i>Sri Lanka: A lost revolution? Inside story of the JVP</i>. Sri Lanka: Institute of Fundamemtal Studies. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789552600043" title="Special:BookSources/9789552600043"><bdi>9789552600043</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sri+Lanka%3A+A+lost+revolution%3F+Inside+story+of+the+JVP&rft.place=Sri+Lanka&rft.pub=Institute+of+Fundamemtal+Studies&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=9789552600043&rft.aulast=Gunaratne&rft.aufirst=Rohan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVenugopal2010" class="citation journal cs1">Venugopal, Rajesh (May 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/modern-asian-studies/article/sectarian-socialism-the-politics-of-sri-lankas-janatha-vimukthi-peramuna-jvp/9FFA9304DE7C4626E240DE1EB22473B2">"Sectarian Socialism: The politics of the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna"</a>. <i>Modern Asian Studies</i>. <b>44</b> (1): 567–602. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0026749X09004028">10.1017/S0026749X09004028</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40664925">40664925</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145240947">145240947</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Modern+Asian+Studies&rft.atitle=Sectarian+Socialism%3A+The+politics+of+the+Janatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=567-602&rft.date=2010-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145240947%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40664925%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0026749X09004028&rft.aulast=Venugopal&rft.aufirst=Rajesh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fjournals%2Fmodern-asian-studies%2Farticle%2Fsectarian-socialism-the-politics-of-sri-lankas-janatha-vimukthi-peramuna-jvp%2F9FFA9304DE7C4626E240DE1EB22473B2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBruce" class="citation journal cs1">Bruce, Mathews. "The Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna and the politics of the underground in Sri Lanka". <i>The Round Table</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0035-8533">0035-8533</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Round+Table&rft.atitle=The+Janatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna+and+the+politics+of+the+underground+in+Sri+Lanka&rft.issn=0035-8533&rft.aulast=Bruce&rft.aufirst=Mathews&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHill2012" class="citation journal cs1">Hill, Tom H.J. (2012). "The Deception of Victory: The JVP in Sri Lanka and the Long-term dynamics of rebel reintegration". <i>International Peacekeeping</i>. <b>20</b> (3): 357–374. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13533312.2013.830024">10.1080/13533312.2013.830024</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:143790388">143790388</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Peacekeeping&rft.atitle=The+Deception+of+Victory%3A+The+JVP+in+Sri+Lanka+and+the+Long-term+dynamics+of+rebel+reintegration&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=357-374&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F13533312.2013.830024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A143790388%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Tom+H.J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlles2007" class="citation book cs1">Alles, A.C. 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"The State, Conflict and the Individual: The Effect of the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP) Insurrections in Sri Lankan on the Mental Welfare of a Population". <i>Medicine, Conflict and Survival</i>. <b>21</b> (3): 216–229. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13623690500166044">10.1080/13623690500166044</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16180734">16180734</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:45281357">45281357</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medicine%2C+Conflict+and+Survival&rft.atitle=The+State%2C+Conflict+and+the+Individual%3A+The+Effect+of+the+Janatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna+%28JVP%29+Insurrections+in+Sri+Lankan+on+the+Mental+Welfare+of+a+Population&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=216-229&rft.date=2006&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A45281357%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16180734&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F13623690500166044&rft.aulast=Watkins&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore1993" class="citation journal cs1">Moore, Mick (1993). "Thoroughly Modern Revolutionaries: The JVP in Sri Lanka". <i>Modern Asian Studies</i>. <b>27</b> (3). Cambridge University Press: 593–642. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0026749X00010908">10.1017/S0026749X00010908</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/312963">312963</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144384242">144384242</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Modern+Asian+Studies&rft.atitle=Thoroughly+Modern+Revolutionaries%3A+The+JVP+in+Sri+Lanka&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=593-642&rft.date=1993&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144384242%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F312963%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0026749X00010908&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Mick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSamaranaike2008" class="citation book cs1">Samaranaike, Gamini (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QvDHdlk4tGIC"><i>Political Violence in Sri Lanka, 1971-1987</i></a>. Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8121210034" title="Special:BookSources/978-8121210034"><bdi>978-8121210034</bdi></a> – via Google books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Political+Violence+in+Sri+Lanka%2C+1971-1987&rft.pub=Gyan+Publishing+House%2C+New+Delhi&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-8121210034&rft.aulast=Samaranaike&rft.aufirst=Gamini&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQvDHdlk4tGIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodhand2012" class="citation journal cs1">Goodhand, Jonathan (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/15935/1/Goodhand_Sri%20Lanka%20in%202011.pdf">"Sri Lanka in 2011: Consolidation and Militarization of the Post-War Regime"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Asian Survey</i>. <b>52</b> (1). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1525%2Fas.2012.52.1.130">10.1525/as.2012.52.1.130</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asian+Survey&rft.atitle=Sri+Lanka+in+2011%3A+Consolidation+and+Militarization+of+the+Post-War+Regime&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=1&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1525%2Fas.2012.52.1.130&rft.aulast=Goodhand&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feprints.soas.ac.uk%2F15935%2F1%2FGoodhand_Sri%2520Lanka%2520in%25202011.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarnapala1975" class="citation journal cs1">Warnapala, W. A. (1975). "The Marxist Parties of Sri Lanka and the 1971 Insurrection". <i><a href="/wiki/Asian_Survey" title="Asian Survey">Asian Survey</a></i>. <b>15</b> (9): 745–757. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2643171">10.2307/2643171</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2643171">2643171</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asian+Survey&rft.atitle=The+Marxist+Parties+of+Sri+Lanka+and+the+1971+Insurrection&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=745-757&rft.date=1975&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2643171&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2643171%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Warnapala&rft.aufirst=W.+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlles1977" class="citation book cs1">Alles, Anthony (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uQ8KAQAAIAAJ"><i>Insurgency – 1971 : An Account of the April Insurrection in Sri Lanka</i></a> – via Google books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Insurgency+%E2%80%93+1971+%3A+An+Account+of+the+April+Insurrection+in+Sri+Lanka&rft.date=1977&rft.aulast=Alles&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuQ8KAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>Sri Lanka, the years of terror : The J.V.P. insurrection, 1987–1989</i> by C.A. Chandraprema, Lake House Bookshop (1991) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9559029037" title="Special:BookSources/9559029037">9559029037</a></li> <li>Michael Colin Cooke, (2011). <i>Rebellion, Repression and the Struggle for Justice in Sri Lanka</i> : <i>The Lionel Bopage Story</i>, Colombo: Agahas Publishers <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0300051308" title="Special:BookSources/978-0300051308">978-0300051308</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDharman_Wickramaratne2019" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dharman Wickramaratne (2019). <i>Satanin Satana</i> [<i>From war to a war</i>] (in Sinhala).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Satanin+Satana&rft.date=2019&rft.au=Dharman+Wickramaratne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanatha+Vimukthi+Peramuna" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>'Javipe deweni karalla', ජවිපෙ දෙවෙනි කැරැල්ල, Dharman Wickramaratne, 2016</li> <li>Comrade Lionel, Dharman Wickramaratne, 2019</li> <li>An Exceptional Collapse of the Rule of Law: Told Through Stories by Families of the Disappeared in Sri Lanka, Edited by Shyamali Puvimanasinghe, researched by Moon Jeong Ho and Bruce Van Voorhuis, Published by the Asian Legal Resource Center and Asian Human rights Commission (Hong Kong) and the 'Families of the Disappeared' (Sri Lanka), 2004.</li> <li>Dr. Ruwan M. Jayatunge, 71 Karalla – aarambhaye sita avasaanaya dakva poorna samalochanayak (1971 Insurrection ‒ a complete review from the beginning to the end), Agahas Publishers, 2011.</li> <li>Victor Ivan, 71 Karalla (1971 Insurgency)</li> <li>Victor Ivan, Sinhala Karalikaruvange Samaja Pasubima (The Social Background of Sinhalese Rebels)</li> <li>Eric Gamini Jinapriya, Api Anugamanaya Kale Mao ge Moola Kandavuru Nyaayaya (We followed Mao's base camp theory) ‒ Interview with Kalyananda Thiranagama, Divaina, August 11, 2014.</li> <li>Mao Zedong, On Protracted War, marxists.org</li> <li>Godahewa Indradasa, Failed Revolts in Sri Lanka (1971 and 1987 ‒ 1989)</li> <li>Udeni Sarath Kumara, Wijeweera Hardaya Saakshiya (Wijeweera's Conscience), Niyamuwa Publishers.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna">Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Official_website">Official website</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: Official website"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jvpsrilanka.com/english/">English website</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Youth_wing">Youth wing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: Youth wing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://syusrilanka.com">syusrilanka<wbr />.com</a></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Independent_sources">Independent sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna&action=edit&section=61" title="Edit section: Independent sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-30017905">Rohana Wijeweera: The Killing of Sri Lanka's Stalinist Icon – BBC News</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.srilankaguardian.org/2007/12/second-jvp-insurgency-part-vi.html">JVP in 88–89,"srilankaguardain.org"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000914170731/http://members.tripod.com/~jvp_srilanka/history/71st1.html">THE 1971 CEYLONESE INSURRECTION – Fred Halliday</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050822073446/http://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/~www_sem/IR/research/cstpv-old/Lostrevo.htm">SRI LANKA – A LOST REVOLUTION? The Inside Story of the JVP by Rohan Gunaratna</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060228172707/http://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/~www_sem/IR/research/cstpv-old/IndiaIntervention.htm">Indian Intervention in Sri Lanka: The Role of India's Intelligence Agencies</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180421003142/http://www.lankalibrary.com/pol/jvp1971.htm">A Lost Revolution: The JVP Insurrection 1971</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.divaina.com/2008/10/06/mano03.html">Methek Kathawa Divaina</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120213202243/http://www.divaina.com/2008/10/06/mano03.html">Archived</a> 13 February 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jvpsrilanka.com">Present Conflict (Tamil Version), Wathman Arbudaya Dutu Nodutu Pathi (Sinhala)</a></li> <li>Review of 'Satanin Satana' – Book on second JVP insurgency to be released on 20 December, Gamana Akmeemana, Daily Mirror, 24 Jun 2019 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.dailymirror.lk/print/news-features/%E2%80%98Satanin-Satana%E2%80%99:--Putting-the-record-straight/131-169863">[1]</a></li> <li>Book on second JVP insurgency to be released on 20 December, Friday, 16 December 2016, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.ft.lk/entertainment-sectors/book-on-second-jvp-insurgency-to-be-released-on-20-december/10405-585750">[2]</a></li> <li>'Comrade Lionel' to be launched on November 5, Daily News, October 23, 2019 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/10/23/tc/200601/%E2%80%98comrade-lionel%E2%80%99-be-launched-november-5">[3]</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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.navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#e04f62;color:white;;background:rgb(150, 18, 36);color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna" title="Template:Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna"><abbr title="View this template" 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hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1971_JVP_insurrection" title="1971 JVP insurrection">1971 Insurrection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987%E2%80%9389_JVP_insurrection" class="mw-redirect" title="1987–89 JVP insurrection">1987–89 Insurrection</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1987_grenade_attack_in_the_Sri_Lankan_Parliament" title="1987 grenade attack in the Sri Lankan Parliament">Grenade attack on Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallekele_Army_Camp_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Pallekele Army Camp attack">Pallekele Army Camp attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magazine_prison_break" class="mw-redirect" title="Magazine prison break">Magazine prison break</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Temple_of_the_Tooth_attack" title="1989 Temple of the Tooth attack">Temple of the Tooth attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_assassinations_of_the_Second_JVP_Insurrection" title="List of assassinations of the Second JVP Insurrection">Assassinations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Full-time_performance_in_elections">1989–present</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna.svg/110px-Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna.svg/165px-Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna.svg/220px-Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="58" data-file-height="54" /></a></span><br /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#e04f62;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna" class="mw-redirect" title="Leader of the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Leaders</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rohana_Wijeweera" title="Rohana Wijeweera">Rohana Wijeweera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upatissa_Gamanayake" title="Upatissa Gamanayake">Upatissa Gamanayake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saman_Piyasiri_Fernando" title="Saman Piyasiri Fernando">Saman Piyasiri Fernando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lalith_Wijerathna" title="Lalith Wijerathna">Lalith Wijerathna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somawansa_Amarasinghe" title="Somawansa Amarasinghe">Somawansa Amarasinghe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anura_Kumara_Dissanayake" title="Anura Kumara Dissanayake">Anura Kumara Dissanayake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#e04f62;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of Sri Lanka"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Governments</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/13th_Parliament_of_Sri_Lanka" title="13th Parliament of Sri Lanka">13th Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/17th_Parliament_of_Sri_Lanka" title="17th Parliament of Sri Lanka">17th Parliament</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#e04f62;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sri_Lankan_cabinets" title="List of Sri Lankan cabinets"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Cabinets</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Dissanayake_cabinet" title="First Dissanayake cabinet">Dissanayake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#e04f62;color:white;;width:1%">Party institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Students_Union_(Sri_Lanka)" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist Students Union (Sri Lanka)">Socialist Students Union</a></li> <li>Socialist Youth Union</li> <li>Socialist Women's Union</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deshapremi_Janatha_Vyaparaya" title="Deshapremi Janatha Vyaparaya">Deshapremi Janatha Vyaparaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriotic_People%27s_Armed_Troops" title="Patriotic People's Armed Troops">Patriotic People's Armed Troops</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#e04f62;color:white;;width:1%">Alliances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Alliance_(Sri_Lanka)" title="People's Alliance (Sri Lanka)">People's Alliance (PA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_People%27s_Freedom_Alliance" title="United People's Freedom Alliance">United People's Freedom Alliance (UPFA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_National_Alliance_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Democratic National Alliance (Sri Lanka)">Democratic National Alliance (DNA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Power" title="National People's Power">National People's Power (NPP)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#e04f62;color:white;;width:1%">Factions & spin offs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frontline_Socialist_Party" title="Frontline Socialist Party">Frontline Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Sevaka_Pakshaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Janatha Sevaka Pakshaya (page does not exist)">Janatha Sevaka Pakshaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jathika_Nidahas_Peramuna" title="Jathika Nidahas Peramuna">Jathika Nidahas Peramuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#e04f62;color:white;;width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_attacks_on_civilians_attributed_to_the_Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna" title="List of attacks on civilians attributed to the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna">Attacks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_assassinated_by_the_Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna" title="List of people assassinated by the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna">Assassinations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matale_mass_grave" title="Matale mass grave">Matale mass grave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sooriyakanda_mass_grave" title="Sooriyakanda mass grave">Sooriyakanda mass grave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batalanda_detention_centre" title="Batalanda detention centre">Batalanda detention centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter_University_Students%27_Federation" title="Inter University Students' Federation">Inter University Students' Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#e04f62;color:white;"><div><a href="/wiki/Portal:Communism" title="Portal:Communism"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Communism Portal</span></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Political_parties_in_Sri_Lanka_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Sri_Lanka&#124;link=Sri_Lanka" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sri_Lankan_political_parties" title="Template:Sri Lankan political parties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sri_Lankan_political_parties" title="Template talk:Sri Lankan political parties"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sri_Lankan_political_parties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sri Lankan political parties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Political_parties_in_Sri_Lanka_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Sri_Lanka&#124;link=Sri_Lanka" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Sri_Lanka" title="List of political parties in Sri Lanka">Political parties in Sri Lanka</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka"><img alt="Sri Lanka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Major_party" title="Major party">Major parties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Power" title="National People's Power">NPP</a></b> <ul><li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna</a></b></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Samagi_Jana_Balawegaya" title="Samagi Jana Balawegaya">SJB</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_Ceylon_Makkal_Congress" title="All Ceylon Makkal Congress">All Ceylon Makkal Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_People%27s_Congress" title="Freedom People's Congress">Freedom People's Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Muslim_Congress" title="Sri Lanka Muslim Congress">Sri Lanka Muslim Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Progressive_Alliance" title="Tamil Progressive Alliance">Tamil Progressive Alliance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_People%27s_Front" title="Democratic People's Front">Democratic People's Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_Workers_(Sri_Lanka)" title="National Union of Workers (Sri Lanka)">National Union of Workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Up-Country_People%27s_Front" title="Up-Country People's Front">Up-Country People's Front</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(politics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Third party (politics)">Third parties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ilankai_Tamil_Arasu_Kachchi" title="Ilankai Tamil Arasu Kachchi">Ilankai Tamil Arasu Kachchi</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/New_Democratic_Front_(Sri_Lanka)" title="New Democratic Front (Sri Lanka)">NDF</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ceylon_Workers%27_Congress" title="Ceylon Workers' Congress">Ceylon Workers' Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahajana_Eksath_Peramuna" title="Mahajana Eksath Peramuna">Mahajana Eksath Peramuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Unity_Alliance" title="National Unity Alliance">National Unity Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Congress_(Sri_Lanka)" title="National Congress (Sri Lanka)">National Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Lanka_Freedom_Party" title="New Lanka Freedom Party">New Lanka Freedom Party</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Freedom_Party" title="Sri Lanka Freedom Party">Sri Lanka Freedom Party</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Mahajana_Pakshaya" title="Sri Lanka Mahajana Pakshaya">Sri Lanka Mahajana Pakshaya</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_National_Party" title="United National Party">United National Party</a></b></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Podujana_Peramuna" title="Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna">Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sarvajana_Balaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarvajana Balaya">Sarvajana Balaya</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mawbima_Janatha_Pakshaya" title="Mawbima Janatha Pakshaya">Mawbima Janatha Pakshaya</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Tamil_National_Alliance" title="Democratic Tamil National Alliance">DTNA</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Organisation_of_Tamil_Eelam" title="People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam">People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_People%27s_Liberation_Front" title="Democratic People's Liberation Front">Democratic People's Liberation Front</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Eelam_Liberation_Organization" title="Tamil Eelam Liberation Organization">Tamil Eelam Liberation Organization</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tamil_National_People%27s_Front" title="Tamil National People's Front">TNPF</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_Ceylon_Tamil_Congress" title="All Ceylon Tamil Congress">All Ceylon Tamil Congress</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Labour_Party" title="Sri Lanka Labour Party">Sri Lanka Labour Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others outside parliament</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahujana_Nidahas_Peramuna" title="Bahujana Nidahas Peramuna">Bahujana Nidahas Peramuna</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bodu_Jana_Peramuna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bodu Jana Peramuna (page does not exist)">Bodu Jana Peramuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceylon_Communist_Party_(Maoist)" title="Ceylon Communist Party (Maoist)">Ceylon Communist Party (Maoist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceylon_Democratic_Unity_Alliance" title="Ceylon Democratic Unity Alliance">Ceylon Democratic Unity Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Communist Party of Sri Lanka">Communist Party of Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusaders_for_Democracy" title="Crusaders for Democracy">Crusaders for Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Left_Front_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Democratic Left Front (Sri Lanka)">Democratic Left Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Democratic Party (Sri Lanka)">Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_United_National_Front" title="Democratic United National Front">Democratic United National Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unity_Alliance" title="Democratic Unity Alliance">Democratic Unity Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eelam_National_Democratic_Liberation_Front" title="Eelam National Democratic Liberation Front">Eelam National Democratic Liberation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eelam_People%27s_Democratic_Party" title="Eelam People's Democratic Party">Eelam People's Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eelam_People%27s_Revolutionary_Liberation_Front" title="Eelam People's Revolutionary Liberation Front">Eelam People's Revolutionary Liberation Front</a> (Padmanaba)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_People%27s_Front" title="Freedom People's Front">Freedom People's Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frontline_Socialist_Party" title="Frontline Socialist Party">Frontline Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janatha_Sevaka_Pakshaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Janatha Sevaka Pakshaya (page does not exist)">Janatha Sevaka Pakshaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jathika_Hela_Urumaya" title="Jathika Hela Urumaya">Jathika Hela Urumaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jathika_Nidahas_Peramuna" title="Jathika Nidahas Peramuna">Jathika Nidahas Peramuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanka_Sama_Samaja_Party" title="Lanka Sama Samaja Party">Lanka Sama Samaja Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanka_Sama_Samaja_Party_(Alternative_Group)" title="Lanka Sama Samaja Party (Alternative Group)">Lanka Sama Samaja Party (Alternative Group)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Sri Lanka)">Liberal Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motherland_People%27s_Party" title="Motherland People's Party">Motherland People's Party</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Democratic_Movement_(Sri_Lanka)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Democratic Movement (Sri Lanka) (page does not exist)">National Democratic Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nava_Sama_Samaja_Party" title="Nava Sama Samaja Party">Nava Sama Samaja Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Democratic_Party_(Sri_Lanka)" class="mw-redirect" title="New Democratic Party (Sri Lanka)">New Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Sinhala_Heritage" title="New Sinhala Heritage">New Sinhala Heritage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Power_of_People%27s_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Power of People's Party">Our Power of People's Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Tamil_Congress" title="People's Tamil Congress">People's Tamil Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pivithuru_Hela_Urumaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pivithuru Hela Urumaya (page does not exist)">Pivithuru Hela Urumaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Workers_Party_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Revolutionary Workers Party (Sri Lanka)">Revolutionary Workers Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siva_Senai" title="Siva Senai">Siva Senai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Social Democratic Party of Sri Lanka">Social Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Equality_Party_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Socialist Equality Party (Sri Lanka)">Socialist Equality Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Socialist Party of Sri Lanka">Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Makkal_Viduthalai_Pulikal" title="Tamil Makkal Viduthalai Pulikal">Tamil Makkal Viduthalai Pulikal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_People%27s_National_Alliance" title="Tamil People's National Alliance">Tamil People's National Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_United_Liberation_Front" title="Tamil United Liberation Front">Tamil United Liberation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Citizen%E2%80%99s_Front&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Citizen’s Front (page does not exist)">United Citizen’s Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Republican_Front" title="United Republican Front">United Republican Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Socialist_Party_(Sri_Lanka)" title="United Socialist Party (Sri Lanka)">United Socialist Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former political parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_Ceylon_Islamic_United_Front" title="All Ceylon Islamic United Front">All Ceylon Islamic United Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Ceylon_Malay_Political_Union" title="All Ceylon Malay Political Union">All Ceylon Malay Political Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aziz_Democratic_Workers_Congress" title="Aziz Democratic Workers Congress">Aziz Democratic Workers Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolshevik_Samasamaja_Party" title="Bolshevik Samasamaja Party">Bolshevik Samasamaja Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_Republican_Party" title="Buddhist Republican Party">Buddhist Republican Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceylon_Labour_Party" title="Ceylon Labour Party">Ceylon Labour Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceylon_National_Congress" title="Ceylon National Congress">Ceylon National Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jathika_Vimukthi_Peramuna" title="Jathika Vimukthi Peramuna">Jathika Vimukthi Peramuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanka_Democratic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Lanka Democratic Party">Lanka Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanka_Mahajana_Sabha" title="Lanka Mahajana Sabha">Lanka Mahajana Sabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanka_Sama_Samaja_Party_(Revolutionary)" title="Lanka Sama Samaja Party (Revolutionary)">Lanka Sama Samaja Party (Revolutionary)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Front_of_Liberation_Tigers" title="People's Front of Liberation Tigers">People's Front of Liberation Tigers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinhala_Maha_Sabha" title="Sinhala Maha Sabha">Sinhala Maha Sabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Freedom_Socialist_Party" title="Sri Lanka Freedom Socialist Party">Sri Lanka Freedom Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Sama_Samaja_Party" title="Sri Lanka Sama Samaja Party">Sri Lanka Sama Samaja Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Lanka_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="United Lanka Congress">United Lanka Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viplavakari_Lanka_Sama_Samaja_Party" title="Viplavakari Lanka Sama Samaja Party">Viplavakari Lanka Sama Samaja Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former political alliances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Freedom_Party" title="Sri Lanka Freedom Party">SLFP</a>-led alliances <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mahajana_Eksath_Peramuna_(1956)" title="Mahajana Eksath Peramuna (1956)">Mahajana Eksath Peramuna</a> (1956–1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Front_(Sri_Lanka)" title="United Front (Sri Lanka)">United Front</a> (1968–1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Alliance_(Sri_Lanka)" title="People's Alliance (Sri Lanka)">People's Alliance</a> (1994–2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_People%27s_Freedom_Alliance" title="United People's Freedom Alliance">United People's Freedom Alliance</a> (2004–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Opposition_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Joint Opposition (Sri Lanka)">Joint Opposition</a> (2015–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_People%27s_Alliance" title="Freedom People's Alliance">Freedom People's Alliance</a> (2023–2024)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_National_Party" title="United National Party">UNP</a>-led alliances <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_National_Front_(Sri_Lanka)" title="United National Front (Sri Lanka)">United National Front</a> (2001–2020)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_National_Alliance_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Democratic National Alliance (Sri Lanka)">Democratic National Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_Liberation_Front" title="Left Liberation Front">Left Liberation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Alliance_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Socialist Alliance (Sri Lanka)">Socialist Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_National_Alliance" title="Tamil National Alliance">Tamil National Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_National_Liberation_Alliance" title="Tamil National Liberation Alliance">Tamil National Liberation Alliance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Portal:Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ruling_political_parties_by_country" title="List of ruling political parties by country">List of political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Politics of Sri Lanka">Politics of Sri Lanka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1682545#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1682545#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1682545#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/316748590">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80080659">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007404363205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/178467014">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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