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class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Kalpana Agarwal</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="108073350"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/108073350/Plant_regeneration_from_embryogenic_callus_of_finger_millet_Eleusine_coracana_L_Gaertn_on_higher_concentrations_of_NH4NO3_as_a_replacement_of_NAA_in_the_medium"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Plant regeneration from embryogenic callus of finger millet Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn. on higher concentrations of NH4NO3 as a replacement of NAA in the medium" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/106555934/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/108073350/Plant_regeneration_from_embryogenic_callus_of_finger_millet_Eleusine_coracana_L_Gaertn_on_higher_concentrations_of_NH4NO3_as_a_replacement_of_NAA_in_the_medium">Plant regeneration from embryogenic callus of finger millet Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn. on higher concentrations of NH4NO3 as a replacement of NAA in the medium</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Plant Science</span><span>, 1997</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The effect of different levels of ammonium nitrate used as macronutrient in the MS medium (Murash...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The effect of different levels of ammonium nitrate used as macronutrient in the MS medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) was investigated for plant regeneration from embryogenic callus of Eleusine coracana in the presence and absence of NAA used as growth regulator. Seeds of Eleusine coracana were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/l Kn to obtain embryogenic callus. The callus was transferred on regeneration medium containing 0, 20, 40, 80, 100, 120 mM NH 4 NO 3 alone and in combination with 1.0 mg/l NAA. NH 4 NO 3 was essential for callus proliferation and regeneration of plants. An interesting observation was that a medium containing two to six times higher than normal level of NH 4 NO 3 in the MS medium could also support plant regeneration even in the absence of growth regulator. Moreover, in the presence of higher levels of NH 4 NO 3 , NAA was rather inhibitory in plant regeneration. Maximum number of plants were regenerated on a medium with 80 mM of NH 4 NO 3 without any growth regulator. The results indicate that addition of higher concentrations of NH 4 NO 3 can substitute for the growth regulator requirement in the medium for plant regeneration.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d6b7eb668935cf6e08b2ee26f76d26bc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":106555934,"asset_id":108073350,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/106555934/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="108073350"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="108073350"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 108073350; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=108073350]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=108073350]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 108073350; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='108073350']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d6b7eb668935cf6e08b2ee26f76d26bc" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=108073350]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":108073350,"title":"Plant regeneration from embryogenic callus of finger millet Eleusine coracana (L.) 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The effects can be related to the affinities of Cu(II) ions for specific cell components. The nucleus is a potential site for temporary Cu storage while primary targets for free Cu(II) ions are the thiol groups which reduce the ions to Cu(I). Cu(II) ions show a high affinity for nucleic acids, binding with DNA both at intrastrand and interstrand levels, possibly through intercalation between GC pairs. The ability to chelate Cu(II) ions is seen to be of the order: purine>purine ribonucleotides > purine ribonucleoside > pyrimidine ribonucleotides. Copper is an integral part of enzyme activation and enters into the molecular structure of several proteins, like ceruloplasmin. Cu(II) ion is a potential mutagenic agent as seen by its property of inducing infidelity in DNA synthesis in vitro. Teratogenic activities of copper have been reported but carcinogenicity is not yet confirmed. Copper is an essential component of chromatin and is known to accumulate preferentially in the heterochromatic regions. External application of higher doses, however, induces both clastogenic effects and spindle disturbances. In certain forms, inorganic copper enhances the clastogenic activity of other agents. The most widely studied human genetic maladies linked with copper metabolism are Menkes' and Wilson's diseases. Several mutations are known which influence Cu homeostasis in mammals. 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Gaertn and crowfoot grass, Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/108073331/In_vitro_induction_and_enlargement_of_apical_domes_and_formation_of_multiple_shoots_in_finger_millet_Eleusine_coracana_L_Gaertn_and_crowfoot_grass_Eleusine_indica_L_Gaertn">In vitro induction and enlargement of apical domes and formation of multiple shoots in finger millet, Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn and crowfoot grass, Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">22. Weatherhead, MA, Burdon, J. and Henshaw, GG, Z. Pflanzenphysiol., 1978, 89, 141聳147. 23. Tyag...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">22. Weatherhead, MA, Burdon, J. and Henshaw, GG, Z. Pflanzenphysiol., 1978, 89, 141聳147. 23. Tyagi, AK, Rashid, A. and Maheswari, SC, Physiol. Plant., 1980, 49, 296聳298. 24. Auderset, G., Moncousin, C. and Rourke, JO, Hortic. Sci., 1996, 31, 240聳242. 25. 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Gaertn and crowfoot grass, Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/108073331/In_vitro_induction_and_enlargement_of_apical_domes_and_formation_of_multiple_shoots_in_finger_millet_Eleusine_coracana_L_Gaertn_and_crowfoot_grass_Eleusine_indica_L_Gaertn","owner_id":95020520,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":95020520,"first_name":"Kalpana","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Agarwal","page_name":"KalpanaAgarwal2","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2018-10-12T22:22:59.298-07:00","display_name":"Kalpana Agarwal","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KalpanaAgarwal2"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90352155"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90352155/Estrat%C3%A9gias_de_adapta%C3%A7%C3%A3o_e_inj%C3%BArias_demonstradas_por_plantas_sob_diferentes_condi%C3%A7%C3%B5es_ambientais_uma_curta_revis%C3%A3o"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Estrat茅gias de adapta莽茫o e inj煤rias demonstradas por plantas sob diferentes condi莽玫es ambientais: uma curta revis茫o" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93938456/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90352155/Estrat%C3%A9gias_de_adapta%C3%A7%C3%A3o_e_inj%C3%BArias_demonstradas_por_plantas_sob_diferentes_condi%C3%A7%C3%B5es_ambientais_uma_curta_revis%C3%A3o">Estrat茅gias de adapta莽茫o e inj煤rias demonstradas por plantas sob diferentes condi莽玫es ambientais: uma curta revis茫o</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A wide variety of favorable or disadvantageous external conditions affect the growth, development...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A wide variety of favorable or disadvantageous external conditions affect the growth, developmentand productivity of plants. Plants cannot avoid adverse environmental conditions (such as soil salinity,drought, heat, cold, flooding, heavy metal contamination, predators and pathogen infections) dueto their sessile nature. Nature鈥檚 wrath in the form of various biotic and abiotic stress factors adverselyaffect plant growth and productivity causing the loss of crop yield. These abiotic and biotic stressfactors are a threat for plants, prevent them from reaching their full genetic potential and limit cropproductivity worldwide. Stress cause injury, disease or aberrant physiology by imposing a constraintor highly unpredictable fluctuations on regular metabolic patterns of plants. These fluctuations aremainly associated with altered metabolic functions; one of those is either loss of or reduced synthesisof photosynthetic pigments. This results in declined light harvesting and generation of ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="092e3c5cc348edf5fa6a26c00754bfbc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":93938456,"asset_id":90352155,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93938456/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90352155"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90352155"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90352155; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90352154"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90352154/Effects_of_heavy_metals_on_Eleusine_coracana_L_Gaertn"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effects of heavy metals on Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90352154/Effects_of_heavy_metals_on_Eleusine_coracana_L_Gaertn">Effects of heavy metals on Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Research in Plant Biology</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Heavy metal (Abiotic Factor) pollution is one of the most troublesomeenvironmental problems faced...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Heavy metal (Abiotic Factor) pollution is one of the most troublesomeenvironmental problems faced by mankind nowadays. Lead and Nickel in particular,pose serious problems due to its widespread industrial and agricultural use. Plants ingeneral are very sensitive to Pb and Ni toxicity, displaying metabolic disturbances andgrowth inhibition. Eleusine coracana (L) Gaertn (var. PR202) which mainly grows in drycondition faces the toxicity of Pb and Ni which may have negative effect on its yield.Some inorganic nutrients can overcome the toxicity of heavy metals and addition of theseinorganic nutrients in media can increase the resistance (tolerance level) of plant against heavy metal toxicity. Embryogenic sectors of seed callus from control (MS + 2 mg/l 2,4-D+ 0.5 mg/l Kn) were sub cultured on regeneration medium (MS + 1mg/l NAA)supplemented with of toxic level of heavy metals and varied concentrations of inorganicnutrients (MgSO4 and ZnSO4) to minimize the toxicity of heavy metals. Callus...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90352154"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90352154"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90352154; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90352154]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90352154]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90352154; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90352154']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90352154]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90352154,"title":"Effects of heavy metals on Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90352154/Effects_of_heavy_metals_on_Eleusine_coracana_L_Gaertn","owner_id":95020520,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":95020520,"first_name":"Kalpana","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Agarwal","page_name":"KalpanaAgarwal2","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2018-10-12T22:22:59.298-07:00","display_name":"Kalpana Agarwal","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KalpanaAgarwal2"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90352153"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90352153/Strategies_of_adaptation_and_injury_exhibited_by_plants_under_a_variety_of_external_conditions_a_short_review"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Strategies of adaptation and injury exhibited by plants under a variety of external conditions: a short review" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93938457/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90352153/Strategies_of_adaptation_and_injury_exhibited_by_plants_under_a_variety_of_external_conditions_a_short_review">Strategies of adaptation and injury exhibited by plants under a variety of external conditions: a short review</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Comunicata Scientiae</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A wide variety of favorable or disadvantageous external conditions affect the growth, development...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A wide variety of favorable or disadvantageous external conditions affect the growth, development and productivity of plants. Plants cannot avoid adverse environmental conditions (such as soil salinity, drought, heat, cold, flooding, heavy metal contamination, predators and pathogen infections) due to their sessile nature. Nature's wrath in the form of various biotic and abiotic stress factors adversely affect plant growth and productivity causing the loss of crop yield. These abiotic and biotic stress factors are a threat for plants, prevent them from reaching their full genetic potential and limit crop productivity worldwide. Stress cause injury, disease or aberrant physiology by imposing a constraint or highly unpredictable fluctuations on regular metabolic patterns of plants. These fluctuations are mainly associated with altered metabolic functions; one of those is either loss of or reduced synthesis of photosynthetic pigments. This results in declined light harvesting and generation of reducing powers, which are a source of energy for dark reactions of photosynthesis. Thus, this review article describes some induced changes in morphological, physiological and pigments composition in crops due to stresses and research progress in plant responses to abiotic stresses and biotic stresses is summarized from the physiological level to the molecular level.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="58cf438df18ecfdc6daf61db528abb9f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":93938457,"asset_id":90352153,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93938457/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90352153"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90352153"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90352153; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90352035"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90352035/Inorganic_nutrient_manipulation_for_highly_improved_in_vitro_plant_regeneration_in_finger_millet_Eleusine_coracana_L_Gaertn"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Inorganic nutrient manipulation for highly improved in vitro plant regeneration in finger millet鈥擡leusine coracana (L.) Gaertn" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93938478/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90352035/Inorganic_nutrient_manipulation_for_highly_improved_in_vitro_plant_regeneration_in_finger_millet_Eleusine_coracana_L_Gaertn">Inorganic nutrient manipulation for highly improved in vitro plant regeneration in finger millet鈥擡leusine coracana (L.) Gaertn</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>In Vitro Cellular &amp; Developmental Biology - Plant</span><span>, 2004</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Growth and morphogenesis of plant tissues under in vitro conditions are largely influenced by the...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Growth and morphogenesis of plant tissues under in vitro conditions are largely influenced by the composition of the culture media. In this study, effects of different inorganic nutrients (ZnSO 4 and CuSO 4) on callus induction and plant regeneration of Eleusine coracana in vitro were examined. Primary callus induction without ZnSO 4 resulted in improved shoot formation upon transfer of calluses to normal regeneration medium. CuSO 4 increased to 5 拢 the normal concentration in the media for primary seed callus induction and plant regeneration resulted in a 4-fold increase in number of regenerated shoots. For long-term callus cultures, 2 拢 KNO 3 or 4 拢 Fe-EDTA could replace the requirement for a-naphthaleneacetic acid in the regeneration medium, while 60 mM ZnSO 4 or 0.5 mM CuSO 4 was optimal for plant regeneration from callus cultures.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ad9750244531c38084f90042e1518d94" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":93938478,"asset_id":90352035,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93938478/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90352035"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90352035"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90352035; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90352035]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90352035]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90352035; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90352035']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ad9750244531c38084f90042e1518d94" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90352035]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90352035,"title":"Inorganic nutrient manipulation for highly improved in vitro plant regeneration in finger millet鈥擡leusine coracana (L.) Gaertn","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90352035/Inorganic_nutrient_manipulation_for_highly_improved_in_vitro_plant_regeneration_in_finger_millet_Eleusine_coracana_L_Gaertn","owner_id":95020520,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":95020520,"first_name":"Kalpana","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Agarwal","page_name":"KalpanaAgarwal2","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2018-10-12T22:22:59.298-07:00","display_name":"Kalpana Agarwal","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KalpanaAgarwal2"},"attachments":[{"id":93938478,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93938478/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"ivp200456420221109-1-1olj9ba.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93938478/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Inorganic_nutrient_manipulation_for_high.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/93938478/ivp200456420221109-1-1olj9ba-libre.pdf?1667986441=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DInorganic_nutrient_manipulation_for_high.pdf\u0026Expires=1740049173\u0026Signature=IGlnm-ui2LBjhepv4xUSD6ZXE03Hk7f-vCb0Z3zvtxGY1DrByhB1SWCtnTRgaKcL5IvgXuQJbNhseeTS3mEdBseip6FPH8HWNfuKfpP4T7WlZv~N0lMLVa5XBjKywrgwVQtnDqvTde568tg4ghPKtYaMe-VQkBeDEPdh1dfJLOiysu-9nssha21xQ4l9aJ~bIJ3A-DphBF9Lv1ZN2n3sv4YnF6rNIbB2F27qAXoTU4WD0A-Of5uhtjbTrr~ebcDAuYsJsyHs-lJrzcjSf4o5Yz5oCf3iecjLYdZB2-Ubv6wL4-24th74cN1OuGuEq90EEQwDdKGIYOECsZQC2Ydaaw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="16320294" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="108073350"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/108073350/Plant_regeneration_from_embryogenic_callus_of_finger_millet_Eleusine_coracana_L_Gaertn_on_higher_concentrations_of_NH4NO3_as_a_replacement_of_NAA_in_the_medium"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Plant regeneration from embryogenic callus of finger millet Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn. on higher concentrations of NH4NO3 as a replacement of NAA in the medium" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/106555934/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/108073350/Plant_regeneration_from_embryogenic_callus_of_finger_millet_Eleusine_coracana_L_Gaertn_on_higher_concentrations_of_NH4NO3_as_a_replacement_of_NAA_in_the_medium">Plant regeneration from embryogenic callus of finger millet Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn. on higher concentrations of NH4NO3 as a replacement of NAA in the medium</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Plant Science</span><span>, 1997</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The effect of different levels of ammonium nitrate used as macronutrient in the MS medium (Murash...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The effect of different levels of ammonium nitrate used as macronutrient in the MS medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) was investigated for plant regeneration from embryogenic callus of Eleusine coracana in the presence and absence of NAA used as growth regulator. Seeds of Eleusine coracana were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/l Kn to obtain embryogenic callus. The callus was transferred on regeneration medium containing 0, 20, 40, 80, 100, 120 mM NH 4 NO 3 alone and in combination with 1.0 mg/l NAA. NH 4 NO 3 was essential for callus proliferation and regeneration of plants. An interesting observation was that a medium containing two to six times higher than normal level of NH 4 NO 3 in the MS medium could also support plant regeneration even in the absence of growth regulator. Moreover, in the presence of higher levels of NH 4 NO 3 , NAA was rather inhibitory in plant regeneration. Maximum number of plants were regenerated on a medium with 80 mM of NH 4 NO 3 without any growth regulator. The results indicate that addition of higher concentrations of NH 4 NO 3 can substitute for the growth regulator requirement in the medium for plant regeneration.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d6b7eb668935cf6e08b2ee26f76d26bc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":106555934,"asset_id":108073350,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/106555934/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="108073350"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="108073350"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 108073350; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=108073350]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=108073350]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 108073350; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='108073350']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d6b7eb668935cf6e08b2ee26f76d26bc" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=108073350]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":108073350,"title":"Plant regeneration from embryogenic callus of finger millet Eleusine coracana (L.) 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The effects can be related to the affinities of Cu(II) ions for specific cell components. The nucleus is a potential site for temporary Cu storage while primary targets for free Cu(II) ions are the thiol groups which reduce the ions to Cu(I). Cu(II) ions show a high affinity for nucleic acids, binding with DNA both at intrastrand and interstrand levels, possibly through intercalation between GC pairs. The ability to chelate Cu(II) ions is seen to be of the order: purine>purine ribonucleotides > purine ribonucleoside > pyrimidine ribonucleotides. Copper is an integral part of enzyme activation and enters into the molecular structure of several proteins, like ceruloplasmin. Cu(II) ion is a potential mutagenic agent as seen by its property of inducing infidelity in DNA synthesis in vitro. Teratogenic activities of copper have been reported but carcinogenicity is not yet confirmed. Copper is an essential component of chromatin and is known to accumulate preferentially in the heterochromatic regions. External application of higher doses, however, induces both clastogenic effects and spindle disturbances. In certain forms, inorganic copper enhances the clastogenic activity of other agents. The most widely studied human genetic maladies linked with copper metabolism are Menkes' and Wilson's diseases. Several mutations are known which influence Cu homeostasis in mammals. Such mutations in mice have been used extensively for biochemical studies.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9183c2ae12b489681ae3e114b0c99222" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":106555938,"asset_id":108073349,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/106555938/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="108073349"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="108073349"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 108073349; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="108073331"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/108073331/In_vitro_induction_and_enlargement_of_apical_domes_and_formation_of_multiple_shoots_in_finger_millet_Eleusine_coracana_L_Gaertn_and_crowfoot_grass_Eleusine_indica_L_Gaertn"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of In vitro induction and enlargement of apical domes and formation of multiple shoots in finger millet, Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn and crowfoot grass, Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/108073331/In_vitro_induction_and_enlargement_of_apical_domes_and_formation_of_multiple_shoots_in_finger_millet_Eleusine_coracana_L_Gaertn_and_crowfoot_grass_Eleusine_indica_L_Gaertn">In vitro induction and enlargement of apical domes and formation of multiple shoots in finger millet, Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn and crowfoot grass, Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">22. Weatherhead, MA, Burdon, J. and Henshaw, GG, Z. Pflanzenphysiol., 1978, 89, 141聳147. 23. Tyag...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">22. Weatherhead, MA, Burdon, J. and Henshaw, GG, Z. Pflanzenphysiol., 1978, 89, 141聳147. 23. Tyagi, AK, Rashid, A. and Maheswari, SC, Physiol. Plant., 1980, 49, 296聳298. 24. Auderset, G., Moncousin, C. and Rourke, JO, Hortic. Sci., 1996, 31, 240聳242. 25. Ma, ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="108073331"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="108073331"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 108073331; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=108073331]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=108073331]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 108073331; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='108073331']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=108073331]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":108073331,"title":"In vitro induction and enlargement of apical domes and formation of multiple shoots in finger millet, Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn and crowfoot grass, Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/108073331/In_vitro_induction_and_enlargement_of_apical_domes_and_formation_of_multiple_shoots_in_finger_millet_Eleusine_coracana_L_Gaertn_and_crowfoot_grass_Eleusine_indica_L_Gaertn","owner_id":95020520,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":95020520,"first_name":"Kalpana","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Agarwal","page_name":"KalpanaAgarwal2","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2018-10-12T22:22:59.298-07:00","display_name":"Kalpana Agarwal","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KalpanaAgarwal2"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90352155"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90352155/Estrat%C3%A9gias_de_adapta%C3%A7%C3%A3o_e_inj%C3%BArias_demonstradas_por_plantas_sob_diferentes_condi%C3%A7%C3%B5es_ambientais_uma_curta_revis%C3%A3o"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Estrat茅gias de adapta莽茫o e inj煤rias demonstradas por plantas sob diferentes condi莽玫es ambientais: uma curta revis茫o" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93938456/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90352155/Estrat%C3%A9gias_de_adapta%C3%A7%C3%A3o_e_inj%C3%BArias_demonstradas_por_plantas_sob_diferentes_condi%C3%A7%C3%B5es_ambientais_uma_curta_revis%C3%A3o">Estrat茅gias de adapta莽茫o e inj煤rias demonstradas por plantas sob diferentes condi莽玫es ambientais: uma curta revis茫o</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A wide variety of favorable or disadvantageous external conditions affect the growth, development...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A wide variety of favorable or disadvantageous external conditions affect the growth, developmentand productivity of plants. Plants cannot avoid adverse environmental conditions (such as soil salinity,drought, heat, cold, flooding, heavy metal contamination, predators and pathogen infections) dueto their sessile nature. Nature鈥檚 wrath in the form of various biotic and abiotic stress factors adverselyaffect plant growth and productivity causing the loss of crop yield. These abiotic and biotic stressfactors are a threat for plants, prevent them from reaching their full genetic potential and limit cropproductivity worldwide. Stress cause injury, disease or aberrant physiology by imposing a constraintor highly unpredictable fluctuations on regular metabolic patterns of plants. These fluctuations aremainly associated with altered metabolic functions; one of those is either loss of or reduced synthesisof photosynthetic pigments. This results in declined light harvesting and generation of ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="092e3c5cc348edf5fa6a26c00754bfbc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":93938456,"asset_id":90352155,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93938456/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90352155"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90352155"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90352155; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90352154"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90352154/Effects_of_heavy_metals_on_Eleusine_coracana_L_Gaertn"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effects of heavy metals on Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90352154/Effects_of_heavy_metals_on_Eleusine_coracana_L_Gaertn">Effects of heavy metals on Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Research in Plant Biology</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Heavy metal (Abiotic Factor) pollution is one of the most troublesomeenvironmental problems faced...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Heavy metal (Abiotic Factor) pollution is one of the most troublesomeenvironmental problems faced by mankind nowadays. Lead and Nickel in particular,pose serious problems due to its widespread industrial and agricultural use. Plants ingeneral are very sensitive to Pb and Ni toxicity, displaying metabolic disturbances andgrowth inhibition. Eleusine coracana (L) Gaertn (var. PR202) which mainly grows in drycondition faces the toxicity of Pb and Ni which may have negative effect on its yield.Some inorganic nutrients can overcome the toxicity of heavy metals and addition of theseinorganic nutrients in media can increase the resistance (tolerance level) of plant against heavy metal toxicity. Embryogenic sectors of seed callus from control (MS + 2 mg/l 2,4-D+ 0.5 mg/l Kn) were sub cultured on regeneration medium (MS + 1mg/l NAA)supplemented with of toxic level of heavy metals and varied concentrations of inorganicnutrients (MgSO4 and ZnSO4) to minimize the toxicity of heavy metals. Callus...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90352154"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90352154"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90352154; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90352154]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90352154]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90352154; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90352154']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90352154]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90352154,"title":"Effects of heavy metals on Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90352154/Effects_of_heavy_metals_on_Eleusine_coracana_L_Gaertn","owner_id":95020520,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":95020520,"first_name":"Kalpana","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Agarwal","page_name":"KalpanaAgarwal2","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2018-10-12T22:22:59.298-07:00","display_name":"Kalpana Agarwal","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KalpanaAgarwal2"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90352153"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90352153/Strategies_of_adaptation_and_injury_exhibited_by_plants_under_a_variety_of_external_conditions_a_short_review"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Strategies of adaptation and injury exhibited by plants under a variety of external conditions: a short review" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93938457/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90352153/Strategies_of_adaptation_and_injury_exhibited_by_plants_under_a_variety_of_external_conditions_a_short_review">Strategies of adaptation and injury exhibited by plants under a variety of external conditions: a short review</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Comunicata Scientiae</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A wide variety of favorable or disadvantageous external conditions affect the growth, development...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A wide variety of favorable or disadvantageous external conditions affect the growth, development and productivity of plants. Plants cannot avoid adverse environmental conditions (such as soil salinity, drought, heat, cold, flooding, heavy metal contamination, predators and pathogen infections) due to their sessile nature. Nature's wrath in the form of various biotic and abiotic stress factors adversely affect plant growth and productivity causing the loss of crop yield. These abiotic and biotic stress factors are a threat for plants, prevent them from reaching their full genetic potential and limit crop productivity worldwide. Stress cause injury, disease or aberrant physiology by imposing a constraint or highly unpredictable fluctuations on regular metabolic patterns of plants. These fluctuations are mainly associated with altered metabolic functions; one of those is either loss of or reduced synthesis of photosynthetic pigments. This results in declined light harvesting and generation of reducing powers, which are a source of energy for dark reactions of photosynthesis. Thus, this review article describes some induced changes in morphological, physiological and pigments composition in crops due to stresses and research progress in plant responses to abiotic stresses and biotic stresses is summarized from the physiological level to the molecular level.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="58cf438df18ecfdc6daf61db528abb9f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":93938457,"asset_id":90352153,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93938457/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90352153"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90352153"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90352153; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90352035"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90352035/Inorganic_nutrient_manipulation_for_highly_improved_in_vitro_plant_regeneration_in_finger_millet_Eleusine_coracana_L_Gaertn"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Inorganic nutrient manipulation for highly improved in vitro plant regeneration in finger millet鈥擡leusine coracana (L.) Gaertn" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93938478/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90352035/Inorganic_nutrient_manipulation_for_highly_improved_in_vitro_plant_regeneration_in_finger_millet_Eleusine_coracana_L_Gaertn">Inorganic nutrient manipulation for highly improved in vitro plant regeneration in finger millet鈥擡leusine coracana (L.) Gaertn</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>In Vitro Cellular &amp; Developmental Biology - Plant</span><span>, 2004</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Growth and morphogenesis of plant tissues under in vitro conditions are largely influenced by the...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Growth and morphogenesis of plant tissues under in vitro conditions are largely influenced by the composition of the culture media. In this study, effects of different inorganic nutrients (ZnSO 4 and CuSO 4) on callus induction and plant regeneration of Eleusine coracana in vitro were examined. Primary callus induction without ZnSO 4 resulted in improved shoot formation upon transfer of calluses to normal regeneration medium. CuSO 4 increased to 5 拢 the normal concentration in the media for primary seed callus induction and plant regeneration resulted in a 4-fold increase in number of regenerated shoots. For long-term callus cultures, 2 拢 KNO 3 or 4 拢 Fe-EDTA could replace the requirement for a-naphthaleneacetic acid in the regeneration medium, while 60 mM ZnSO 4 or 0.5 mM CuSO 4 was optimal for plant regeneration from callus cultures.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ad9750244531c38084f90042e1518d94" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":93938478,"asset_id":90352035,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93938478/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90352035"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90352035"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90352035; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90352035]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90352035]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90352035; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90352035']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ad9750244531c38084f90042e1518d94" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90352035]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90352035,"title":"Inorganic nutrient manipulation for highly improved in vitro plant regeneration in finger millet鈥擡leusine coracana (L.) 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