A Letter on Justice and Open Debate

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We welcome responses at letters@harpers.org Our cultural institutions are facing a moment of trial. Powerful protests for racial and social justice are leading to overdue demands for police reform, along with wider calls for greater equality and […]" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Harper's Magazine" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/HarpersMagazine/" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2020-08-21T14:47:16+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://harpers.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/4-Letters-FINAL.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="600" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@Harpers" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="6 minutes" /> <meta name="twitter:label2" content="Written by" /> <meta name="twitter:data2" content="Multiple authors" /> <script 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id="header-nav-search" href="/search/"> <span class="text-offset">Search <span class="fa fa-search"></span> </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="container"> <div class="row page-container"> <div class="col-sm-9 content page"> <article class="post" id="post-279977"> <h1>A Letter on Justice and Open Debate</h1> <div class="wysiwyg-content"> <div class="header-meta header-controls"> <div class="aria-font-adjusts component-wrap"> <div class="title label">Adjust</div> <nav class="controls"> <a href="#" class="font-increase no-smooth-scroll"> <i class="fa fa-plus1"></i> </a> <a href="#" class="font-decrease no-smooth-scroll"> <i class="fa fa-minus"></i> </a> </nav> </div> <div class="component-share-buttons "> <div class="share-buttons component-wrap"> <div class="title label">Share</div> <div class="controls"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fharpers.org%2Fa-letter-on-justice-and-open-debate%2F" class="share-link facebook" target="_blank" ga-on="click" ga-event-category="Social Share" ga-event-action="Facebook Share" ga-event-label="" aria-label="Share on Facebook"> <i class="fa fa-facebook"></i> </a> <a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=https%3A%2F%2Fharpers.org%2Fa-letter-on-justice-and-open-debate%2F%20via%20%40Harpers" class="share-link twitter" target="_blank" ga-on="click" ga-event-category="Social Share" ga-event-action="Twitter Share" ga-event-label="" aria-label="Share on Twitter"> <i class="fa fa-twitter"></i> </a> <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#655a431610070f00061158244057552900111100174057550a0b4057552f1016110c0600405755040b014057552a15000b40575521000704110043070a011c580d111115164056244057234057230d0417150017164b0a17024057230448090011110017480a0b480f1016110c060048040b01480a15000b48010007041100405723" class="share-link email" target="_blank" ga-on="click" ga-event-category="Social Share" ga-event-action="Email Share" ga-event-label="" aria-label="Share via Email"> <i class="fa fa-email"></i> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p><strong>July 7, 2020</strong><br /> <em>The below letter will be appearing in the Letters section of the magazine’s October issue. We welcome responses at <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="80ece5f4f4e5f2f3c0e8e1f2f0e5f2f3aeeff2e7">[email protected]</a></em></p> <p><span style="font-size: 1.5em;">Our cultural institutions are facing a moment of trial. Powerful protests for racial and social justice are leading to overdue demands for police reform, along with wider calls for greater equality and inclusion across our society, not least in higher education, journalism, philanthropy, and the arts. But this needed reckoning has also intensified a new set of moral attitudes and political commitments that tend to weaken our norms of open debate and toleration of differences in favor of ideological conformity. As we applaud the first development, we also raise our voices against the second. The forces of illiberalism are gaining strength throughout the world and have a powerful ally in Donald Trump, who represents a real threat to democracy. But resistance must not be allowed to harden into its own brand of dogma or coercion—which right-wing demagogues are already exploiting. The democratic inclusion we want can be achieved only if we speak out against the intolerant climate that has set in on all sides.</span></p> <p><span style="font-size: 1.5em;">The free exchange of information and ideas, the lifeblood of a liberal society, is daily becoming more constricted. While we have come to expect this on the radical right, censoriousness is also spreading more widely in our culture: an intolerance of opposing views, a vogue for public shaming and ostracism, and the tendency to dissolve complex policy issues in a blinding moral certainty. We uphold the value of robust and even caustic counter-speech from all quarters. But it is now all too common to hear calls for swift and severe retribution in response to perceived transgressions of speech and thought. More troubling still, institutional leaders, in a spirit of panicked damage control, are delivering hasty and disproportionate punishments instead of considered reforms. Editors are fired for running controversial pieces; books are withdrawn for alleged inauthenticity; journalists are barred from writing on certain topics; professors are investigated for quoting works of literature in class; a researcher is fired for circulating a peer-reviewed academic study; and the heads of organizations are ousted for what are sometimes just clumsy mistakes. Whatever the arguments around each particular incident, the result has been to steadily narrow the boundaries of what can be said without the threat of reprisal. We are already paying the price in greater risk aversion among writers, artists, and journalists who fear for their livelihoods if they depart from the consensus, or even lack sufficient zeal in agreement.</span></p> <p><span style="font-size: 1.5em;">This stifling atmosphere will ultimately harm the most vital causes of our time. The restriction of debate, whether by a repressive government or an intolerant society, invariably hurts those who lack power and makes everyone less capable of democratic participation. The way to defeat bad ideas is by exposure, argument, and persuasion, not by trying to silence or wish them away. We refuse any false choice between justice and freedom, which cannot exist without each other. As writers we need a culture that leaves us room for experimentation, risk taking, and even mistakes. We need to preserve the possibility of good-faith disagreement without dire professional consequences. If we won’t defend the very thing on which our work depends, we shouldn’t expect the public or the state to defend it for us.</span></p> <table style="width: 100%;"> <tbody> <tr style="border-spacing: 10; vspace: 5;" valign="top"> <td style="padding: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 1.5em;"><strong>Elliot Ackerman</strong><br /> <strong>Saladin Ambar</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Rutgers University</span><br /> <strong>Martin Amis</strong><br /> <strong>Anne Applebaum</strong><br /> <strong>Marie Arana</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">author</span><br /> <strong>Margaret Atwood</strong><br /> <strong>John Banville</strong><br /> <strong>Mia Bay</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">historian</span><br /> <strong>Louis Begley</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">writer</span><br /> <strong>Roger Berkowitz</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Bard College</span><br /> <strong>Paul Berman</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">writer</span><br /> <strong>Sheri Berman</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Barnard College</span><br /> <strong>Reginald Dwayne Betts</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">poet</span><br /> <strong>Neil Blair</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">agent</span><br /> <strong>David W. Blight</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Yale University</span><br /> <strong>Jennifer Finney Boylan</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">author</span><br /> <strong>David Bromwich</strong><br /> <strong>David Brooks</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">columnist</span><br /> <strong>Ian Buruma</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Bard College</span><br /> <strong>Lea Carpenter</strong><br /> <strong>Noam Chomsky</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">MIT (emeritus)</span><br /> <strong>Nicholas A. Christakis</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Yale University</span><br /> <strong>Roger Cohen</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">writer</span><br /> <strong>Ambassador Frances D. Cook</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">ret.</span><br /> <strong>Drucilla Cornell</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Founder, uBuntu Project</span><br /> <strong>Kamel Daoud</strong><br /> <strong>Meghan Daum</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">writer</span><br /> <strong>Gerald Early</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Washington University-St. Louis</span><br /> <strong>Jeffrey Eugenides</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">writer</span><br /> <strong>Dexter Filkins</strong><br /> <strong>Federico Finchelstein</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">The New School</span><br /> <strong>Caitlin Flanagan</strong><br /> <strong>Richard T. Ford</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Stanford Law School</span><br /> <strong>Kmele Foster</strong><br /> <strong>David Frum</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">journalist</span><br /> <strong>Francis Fukuyama</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Stanford University</span><br /> <strong>Atul Gawande</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Harvard University</span><br /> <strong>Todd Gitlin</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Columbia University</span><br /> <strong>Kim Ghattas</strong><br /> <strong>Malcolm Gladwell</strong><br /> <strong>Michelle Goldberg</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">columnist</span><br /> <strong>Rebecca Goldstein</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">writer</span><br /> <strong>Anthony Grafton</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Princeton University</span><br /> <strong>David Greenberg</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Rutgers University</span><br /> <strong>Linda Greenhouse</strong><br /> <strong>Rinne B. Groff</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">playwright</span><br /> <strong>Sarah Haider</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">activist</span><br /> <strong>Jonathan Haidt</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">NYU-Stern</span><br /> <strong>Roya Hakakian</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">writer</span><br /> <strong>Shadi Hamid</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Brookings Institution</span><br /> <strong>Jeet Heer</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">The Nation</span><br /> <strong>Katie Herzog</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">podcast host</span><br /> <strong>Susannah Heschel</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Dartmouth College</span><br /> <strong>Adam Hochschild</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">author</span><br /> <strong>Arlie Russell Hochschild</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">author</span><br /> <strong>Eva Hoffman</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">writer</span><br /> <strong>Coleman Hughes</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">writer/Manhattan Institute</span><br /> <strong>Hussein Ibish</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Arab Gulf States Institute</span><br /> <strong>Michael Ignatieff</strong><br /> <strong>Zaid Jilani</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">journalist</span><br /> <strong>Bill T. Jones</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">New York Live Arts</span><br /> <strong>Wendy Kaminer</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">writer</span><br /> <strong>Matthew Karp</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Princeton University</span><br /> <strong>Garry Kasparov</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Renew Democracy Initiative</span><br /> <strong>Daniel Kehlmann</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">writer</span><br /> <strong>Randall Kennedy</strong><br /> <strong>Khaled Khalifa</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">writer</span><br /> <strong>Parag Khanna</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">author</span><br /> <strong>Laura Kipnis</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Northwestern University</span><br /> <strong>Frances Kissling</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Center for Health, Ethics, Social Policy</span><br /> <strong>Enrique Krauze</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">historian</span><br /> <strong>Anthony Kronman</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Yale University</span><br /> <strong>Joy Ladin</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Yeshiva University</span><br /> <strong>Nicholas Lemann</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Columbia University</span><br /> <strong>Mark Lilla</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Columbia University</span><br /> <strong>Susie Linfield</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">New York University</span><br /> <strong>Damon Linker</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">writer</span><br /> <strong>Dahlia Lithwick</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Slate<br /> </span><strong>Steven Lukes</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">New York University</span><br /> <strong>John R. MacArthur</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">publisher, writer</span><br /> </span></td> <td style="padding: 10px; width: 50.4296%;"><span style="font-size: 1.5em;"><strong>Susan Madrak</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">writer</span><strong><br /> Phoebe Maltz Bovy</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">writer</span><br /> <strong>Greil Marcus</strong><br /> <strong>Wynton Marsalis</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Jazz at Lincoln Center</span><br /> <strong>Kati Marton</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">author</span><br /> <strong>Debra Mashek</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">scholar</span><br /> <strong>Deirdre McCloskey</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">University of Illinois at Chicago</span><br /> <strong>John McWhorter</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Columbia University</span><br /> <strong>Uday Mehta</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">City University of New York</span><br /> <strong>Andrew Moravcsik</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Princeton University</span><br /> <strong>Yascha Mounk</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Persuasion</span><br /> </span><span style="font-size: 1.5em;"><strong>Samuel Moyn</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Yale University</span><br /> </span><span style="font-size: 1.5em;"><strong>Meera Nanda</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">writer and teacher</span><br /> <strong>Cary Nelson</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign</span><br /> <strong>Olivia Nuzzi</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">New York Magazine</span><br /> <strong>Mark Oppenheimer</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Yale University</span><br /> <strong>Dael Orlandersmith</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">writer/performer</span><br /> <strong>George Packer</strong><br /> <strong>Nell Irvin Painter</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Princeton University (emerita)</span><br /> <strong>Greg Pardlo</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Rutgers University – Camden</span><br /> <strong>Orlando Patterson</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Harvard University</span><br /> <strong>Steven Pinker</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Harvard University</span><strong><br /> Letty Cottin Pogrebin<br /> Katha Pollitt</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">writer</span><br /> <strong>Claire Bond Potter</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">The New School</span><br /> <strong>Taufiq Rahim</strong><br /> <strong>Zia Haider Rahman</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">writer</span><br /> <strong>Jennifer Ratner-Rosenhagen</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">University of Wisconsin</span><br /> <strong>Jonathan Rauch</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Brookings Institution/The Atlantic</span><br /> <strong>Neil Roberts</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">political theorist</span><br /> <strong>Melvin Rogers</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">Brown University</span><br /> <strong>Kat Rosenfield</strong>, <span style="font-size: .8em;">writer</span><br /> <strong>Loretta J. 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