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Le niveau élevé des aides à l’embauche d’apprentis, aujourd’hui en recul, avait joué un rôle-clé dans cette décision.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié aujourd’hui à 06h00</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/catherine-abou-el-khair/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Catherine Abou El Khair</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/25/0/0/5680/3787/780/520/60/0/5edb7b5_sirius-fs-upload-1-bumsrqlf91ys-1742901590581-000-34dx6pw.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/25/0/0/5680/3787/110/73/60/0/5edb7b5_sirius-fs-upload-1-bumsrqlf91ys-1742901590581-000-34dx6pw.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/25/0/0/5680/3787/110/73/60/0/5edb7b5_sirius-fs-upload-1-bumsrqlf91ys-1742901590581-000-34dx6pw.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2025/03/25/dans-la-police-un-dialogue-social-a-la-main-des-syndicats-note-un-rapport-de-la-cour-des-comptes_6586121_3224.html"> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Dans la police, un dialogue social à la main des syndicats, note un rapport de la Cour des comptes</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Selon les magistrats de la Rue Cambon, une « culture de l’urgence » et la volonté d’acheter la paix sociale freinent la mise en œuvre d’un « dialogue social plus stratégique » en se concentrant sur des mesures purement catégorielles.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié hier à 22h00, modifié à 09h33</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/antoine-albertini/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Antoine Albertini</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/25/0/0/7118/4745/780/520/60/0/df29a0c_sirius-fs-upload-1-up0ueg1u5rwg-1742861104751-000-36ue43b.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/25/0/0/7118/4745/110/73/60/0/df29a0c_sirius-fs-upload-1-up0ueg1u5rwg-1742861104751-000-36ue43b.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/25/0/0/7118/4745/110/73/60/0/df29a0c_sirius-fs-upload-1-up0ueg1u5rwg-1742861104751-000-36ue43b.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/idees/article/2025/03/25/retraites-que-la-cfdt-et-le-medef-revendiquent-un-role-d-aiguillon-dans-une-periode-aussi-difficile-est-encourageant_6585662_3232.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Chronique</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Retraites : « Que la CFDT et le Medef revendiquent un rôle d’aiguillon dans une période aussi difficile est encourageant »</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">L’initiative des deux organisations de réinventer le « conclave » sur les retraites est une tentative de reprendre la main sur une sphère politique impuissante à dégager le moindre compromis sur le financement du modèle social, relève Françoise Fressoz, éditorialiste au « Monde », dans sa chronique.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié hier à 04h15</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/francoise-fressoz/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Françoise Fressoz</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/03/28/0/0/5722/3815/780/520/60/0/576b1f8_2024-03-28t092432z-1316280703-rc2nb2achf02-rtrmadp-3-edf-renewables.JPG" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/03/28/0/0/5722/3815/110/73/60/0/576b1f8_2024-03-28t092432z-1316280703-rc2nb2achf02-rtrmadp-3-edf-renewables.JPG" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/03/28/0/0/5722/3815/110/73/60/0/576b1f8_2024-03-28t092432z-1316280703-rc2nb2achf02-rtrmadp-3-edf-renewables.JPG" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/03/24/evince-par-l-elysee-a-la-tete-d-edf-luc-remont-defend-sa-vision-des-choses_6585504_3234.html"> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Luc Rémont défend son bilan à la tête d’EDF... et règle quelques comptes avec l’Etat qui l’a évincé</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Malgré le bénéfice net record de l’électricien national en 2024, son PDG est poussé vers la sortie à un trimestre du terme de son premier mandat. Avant son départ, il règle quelques comptes avec les industriels français et l’Etat actionnaire, dans un entretien au « Figaro » publié dimanche 23 mars.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 24 mars 2025 à 08h40, modifié le 24 mars 2025 à 09h25</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/adrien-pecout/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Adrien Pécout</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/06/23/0/0/5616/3744/780/520/60/0/4e9128f_1687506291792-pns-3838035.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/06/23/0/0/5616/3744/110/73/60/0/4e9128f_1687506291792-pns-3838035.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/06/23/0/0/5616/3744/110/73/60/0/4e9128f_1687506291792-pns-3838035.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/emploi/article/2025/03/24/la-part-des-entreprises-qui-se-dotent-d-instances-representatives-du-personnel-a-baisse_6585404_1698637.html"> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">La part des entreprises qui se dotent d’instances représentatives du personnel a baissé</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">La réforme des instances de dialogue social se traduit par un recul du nombre d’entreprises qui ont des représentants pour défendre les droits des salariés, révèle une étude de la direction de l’animation de la recherche, des études et des statistiques du ministère du travail. Les candidats aux élections professionnelles se raréfient.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 24 mars 2025 à 07h00</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/frederic-brillet/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Frédéric Brillet</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <section class="friend friend--river"> <div class="OUTBRAIN js-outbrain-pos-1" data-src="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie-francaise/" data-widget-id="SF_16"></div> </section> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/22/0/0/8172/5448/780/520/60/0/81a250a_sirius-fs-upload-1-ieqrga9ga9aq-1742639725383-000-36v78wd.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/22/0/0/8172/5448/110/73/60/0/81a250a_sirius-fs-upload-1-ieqrga9ga9aq-1742639725383-000-36v78wd.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/22/0/0/8172/5448/110/73/60/0/81a250a_sirius-fs-upload-1-ieqrga9ga9aq-1742639725383-000-36v78wd.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/03/24/dans-les-restaurants-hausse-des-defaillances-et-crise-de-confiance-chez-les-clients_6585333_3234.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Enquête</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Les restaurants de plus en plus nombreux à fermer, faute de clients et de marges suffisantes : « Il y a toute une génération qui arrête »</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Les défaillances ont atteint, dans ce secteur, un niveau historiquement élevé. Les clients sont moins nombreux, détournés notamment par la hausse des prix à la carte.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 24 mars 2025 à 05h15, modifié le 24 mars 2025 à 12h56</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/jessica-gourdon/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Jessica Gourdon</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/21/1/0/8192/5461/780/520/60/0/bfb3a9e_sirius-fs-upload-1-jjsd1h1wmxm7-1742566765348-gettyimages-1990029124.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/21/1/0/8192/5461/110/73/60/0/bfb3a9e_sirius-fs-upload-1-jjsd1h1wmxm7-1742566765348-gettyimages-1990029124.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/21/1/0/8192/5461/110/73/60/0/bfb3a9e_sirius-fs-upload-1-jjsd1h1wmxm7-1742566765348-gettyimages-1990029124.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/03/23/le-nouveau-nucleaire-confronte-aux-difficultes-techniques-et-incertitudes-economiques_6585162_3234.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Enquête</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Le « nouveau nucléaire », confronté aux difficultés techniques et incertitudes économiques</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">L’appétit des Gafam et le contexte géopolitique ont relancé les recherches sur les centrales nucléaires dans le monde, avec l’espoir de produire en série des petits réacteurs à coût réduit et sécurité renforcée.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 23 mars 2025 à 17h00, modifié le 24 mars 2025 à 06h50</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/marjorie-cessac/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Marjorie Cessac</span> </a> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/victoria-denys/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Victoria Denys</span> </a> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/benjamin-martinez/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Benjamin Martinez</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/22/0/0/5654/3769/780/520/60/0/381e0c9_sirius-fs-upload-1-6mniit5z3bz3-1742639433919-096415.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/22/0/0/5654/3769/110/73/60/0/381e0c9_sirius-fs-upload-1-6mniit5z3bz3-1742639433919-096415.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/22/0/0/5654/3769/110/73/60/0/381e0c9_sirius-fs-upload-1-6mniit5z3bz3-1742639433919-096415.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/politique/article/2025/03/22/les-syndicats-lancent-une-campagne-contre-le-racisme-et-l-antisemitisme_6584651_823448.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Décryptage</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Les syndicats lancent une campagne contre le racisme et l’antisémitisme</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Les huit principales organisations de salariés ont présenté, vendredi 21 mars, les grands axes d’une action de sensibilisation dans le monde du travail. L’occasion, pour plusieurs d’entre elles, de rappeler leur combat contre l’extrême droite.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 22 mars 2025 à 11h35, modifié le 24 mars 2025 à 09h18</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/bertrand-bissuel/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Bertrand Bissuel</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/19/1/0/8192/5461/780/520/60/0/493d005_ftp-import-images-1-eymi5pg6hfzu-5359798-01-06.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/19/1/0/8192/5461/110/73/60/0/493d005_ftp-import-images-1-eymi5pg6hfzu-5359798-01-06.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/19/1/0/8192/5461/110/73/60/0/493d005_ftp-import-images-1-eymi5pg6hfzu-5359798-01-06.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/idees/article/2025/03/21/astrid-panosyan-bouvet-ministre-il-n-est-pas-question-de-sacrifier-notre-modele-social-mais-de-l-ameliorer_6584349_3232.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Tribune</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Astrid Panosyan-Bouvet, ministre du travail et de l’emploi : « Il n’est pas question de sacrifier notre modèle social mais de l’améliorer »</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Alors que la France entre en économie de défense, le travail est le fondement de la prospérité collective et l’assurance-vie de la nation, affirme, dans une tribune au « Monde », la ministre chargée du travail et de l’emploi.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 21 mars 2025 à 17h00, modifié le 21 mars 2025 à 20h54</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/astrid-panosyan-bouvet/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Astrid Panosyan-Bouvet</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <section class="friend friend--river"> <div class="OUTBRAIN js-outbrain-pos-2" data-src="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie-francaise/" data-widget-id="SF_17"></div> </section> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/20/0/5/5389/3593/780/520/60/0/69b99b9_sirius-fs-upload-1-2qynnajznxfd-1742488996837-000-par8148365.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/20/0/5/5389/3593/110/73/60/0/69b99b9_sirius-fs-upload-1-2qynnajznxfd-1742488996837-000-par8148365.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/20/0/5/5389/3593/110/73/60/0/69b99b9_sirius-fs-upload-1-2qynnajznxfd-1742488996837-000-par8148365.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/politique/article/2025/03/20/beneficiaires-du-rsa-une-suspension-d-allocation-de-30-a-100-prevue-en-cas-de-manquement_6583900_823448.html"> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Le gouvernement envisage une suspension de 30 à 100 % de l’allocation pour les bénéficiaires du RSA en cas de manquement</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Un document du ministère du travail transmis aux conseils départementaux, que « Le Monde » s’est procuré, dévoile les contours du barème du nouveau régime de sanction prévue en cas de non-respect du contrat d’engagement. Un décret doit être publié dans les semaines à venir pour une mise en application en juin.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 20 mars 2025 à 18h14, modifié le 21 mars 2025 à 09h29</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/thibaud-metais/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Thibaud Métais</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/20/0/0/5796/3864/780/520/60/0/d8d42b5_ftp-import-images-1-szyol0e0xd0o-5367833-01-06.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/20/0/0/5796/3864/110/73/60/0/d8d42b5_ftp-import-images-1-szyol0e0xd0o-5367833-01-06.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/20/0/0/5796/3864/110/73/60/0/d8d42b5_ftp-import-images-1-szyol0e0xd0o-5367833-01-06.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/03/20/bpifrance-veut-collecter-450-millions-d-euros-aupres-des-francais-pour-les-entreprises-de-defense_6583896_3234.html"> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Bpifrance veut collecter 450 millions d’euros auprès des Français pour les entreprises de défense</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Eric Lombard, le ministre de l’économie, a annoncé sur TF1 la création par la banque publique d’investissement d’un fonds baptisé « Bpifrance Défense », réservé aux particuliers et destiné à la défense et à la cybersécurité.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 20 mars 2025 à 17h45, modifié le 20 mars 2025 à 17h47</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/olivier-pinaud/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Olivier Pinaud</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/19/0/0/5568/3712/780/520/60/0/30be158_sirius-fs-upload-1-flwda8ezusx8-1742403524016-000-9az6dl.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/19/0/0/5568/3712/110/73/60/0/30be158_sirius-fs-upload-1-flwda8ezusx8-1742403524016-000-9az6dl.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/19/0/0/5568/3712/110/73/60/0/30be158_sirius-fs-upload-1-flwda8ezusx8-1742403524016-000-9az6dl.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/03/20/cinq-ans-apres-le-covid-19-les-cinemas-peinent-encore-a-renouer-avec-la-frequentation-d-avant-crise-tandis-que-les-theatre-et-salles-de-concert-ont-tourne-la-page_6583867_3234.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Décryptage</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Cinq ans après le Covid-19, les cinémas peinent encore à renouer avec la fréquentation d’avant-crise, tandis que les théâtre et salles de concert ont tourné la page</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Les ventes de livres ont été florissantes durant la crise liée au Covid-19. Les autres secteurs de la culture, comme le cinéma ou les musées, ont, eux, presque retrouvé leur niveau de fréquentation d’avant 2020. Pour les théâtres et les salles de concert, la crise est effacée.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 20 mars 2025 à 15h00, modifié le 20 mars 2025 à 15h50</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/nicole-vulser/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Nicole Vulser</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/19/0/49/4777/3185/780/520/60/0/382f113_sirius-fs-upload-1-5jfgy9pq6zbo-1742401198114-000-1q852s.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/19/0/49/4777/3185/110/73/60/0/382f113_sirius-fs-upload-1-5jfgy9pq6zbo-1742401198114-000-1q852s.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/19/0/49/4777/3185/110/73/60/0/382f113_sirius-fs-upload-1-5jfgy9pq6zbo-1742401198114-000-1q852s.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/03/19/la-banque-de-france-affiche-une-perte-record-de-7-7-milliards-d-euros-en-2024_6583612_3234.html"> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">La Banque de France affiche une perte historique de 7,7 milliards d’euros en 2024</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">La normalisation de la politique monétaire a pesé lourd dans les comptes 2024 de l’institution, qui a dévoilé ses résultats financiers, mercredi 19 mars. Elle prévoit un retour aux bénéfices dans « un nombre limité d’années ».</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 19 mars 2025 à 17h34, modifié le 19 mars 2025 à 18h53</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/marc-angrand/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Marc Angrand</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <section class="friend friend--river"> <div class="OUTBRAIN js-outbrain-pos-3" data-src="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie-francaise/" data-widget-id="SF_18"></div> </section> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/19/0/0/5760/3840/780/520/60/0/ce20373_sirius-fs-upload-1-xnj5aes00ph6-1742390187774-000-36n27pw.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/19/0/0/5760/3840/110/73/60/0/ce20373_sirius-fs-upload-1-xnj5aes00ph6-1742390187774-000-36n27pw.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/19/0/0/5760/3840/110/73/60/0/ce20373_sirius-fs-upload-1-xnj5aes00ph6-1742390187774-000-36n27pw.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/03/19/la-banque-de-france-enregistre-une-perte-nette-historique-de-7-7-milliards-d-euros-en-2024_6583549_3234.html"> <h3 class="teaser__title">La Banque de France enregistre une perte nette historique de 7,7 milliards d’euros en 2024</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">« C’est un chiffre qui n’a pas existé dans l’histoire de la Banque de France », a remarqué son gouverneur, François Villeroy de Galhau, pointant l’enchaînement « exceptionnel » du Covid-19 et de l’invasion de l’Ukraine.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 19 mars 2025 à 14h31</span> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Le Monde avec AFP</span> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/04/17/0/0/3000/2000/780/520/60/0/6602888_1681718661324-rrrr.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/04/17/0/0/3000/2000/110/73/60/0/6602888_1681718661324-rrrr.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/04/17/0/0/3000/2000/110/73/60/0/6602888_1681718661324-rrrr.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/emploi/article/2025/03/19/les-drh-ne-se-voient-pas-encore-confier-l-organisation-du-temps-de-travail-a-une-ia_6583452_1698637.html"> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Les DRH ne se voient pas encore confier l’organisation du temps de travail à une IA</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Lors des Rencontres RH du 6 mars, les professionnels ont affirmé craindre une intensification du travail et une remise en question du rôle des manageurs, dans le scénario où l’intelligence artificielle générative serait utilisée pour gérer les plannings des salariés.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 19 mars 2025 à 06h00</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/jules-thomas/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Jules Thomas</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/17/0/0/6000/4000/780/520/60/0/678b97d_ftp-import-images-1-0ubl2ix9gooy-5345945-01-06.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/17/0/0/6000/4000/110/73/60/0/678b97d_ftp-import-images-1-0ubl2ix9gooy-5345945-01-06.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/17/0/0/6000/4000/110/73/60/0/678b97d_ftp-import-images-1-0ubl2ix9gooy-5345945-01-06.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/03/18/croissance-2025-l-insee-douche-les-espoirs-du-gouvernement_6583305_3234.html"> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">L’Insee douche les espoirs du gouvernement sur la croissance française en 2025</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">L’institut national de la statistique a revu ses prévisions à la baisse. Le PIB ne devrait croître que de 0,1 % au premier trimestre 2025, et l’acquis de croissance atteindrait un modeste 0,4 % fin juin. Difficile, dès lors, de parvenir à 0,9 % sur l’année 2025, comme le prévoit le budget. Et, pendant ce temps, le taux de chômage grimpe.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 18 mars 2025 à 17h00, modifié le 19 mars 2025 à 10h23</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/beatrice-madeline/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Béatrice Madeline</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/18/0/0/4786/3190/780/520/60/0/3a0e045_ftp-import-images-1-pudacqexv896-5352869-01-06.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/18/0/0/4786/3190/110/73/60/0/3a0e045_ftp-import-images-1-pudacqexv896-5352869-01-06.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/18/0/0/4786/3190/110/73/60/0/3a0e045_ftp-import-images-1-pudacqexv896-5352869-01-06.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/politique/article/2025/03/18/retraites-revenir-a-un-age-legal-de-depart-a-62-ans-ce-n-est-pas-possible-sans-menacer-le-retour-a-l-equilibre-repete-m-bayrou_6583081_823449.html"> <h3 class="teaser__title">Retraites : revenir à un âge légal de départ à 62 ans, « ce n’est pas possible » sans menacer le retour à l’équilibre, répète M. Bayrou</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">« Ce n’est pas possible », a insisté le premier ministre, mardi, qui s’est dit « persuadé que les partenaires sociaux dans leur ensemble en viendront à une conclusion de cet ordre ».</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 18 mars 2025 à 16h17, modifié le 18 mars 2025 à 17h40</span> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Le Monde avec AFP</span> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/18/0/0/3766/2510/780/520/60/0/8d0c761_sirius-fs-upload-1-k2xi6cucqnfc-1742293786287-pour-la-france-versez-votre-or-l-or-combat-pour-la-victoire-aff3856.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/18/0/0/3766/2510/110/73/60/0/8d0c761_sirius-fs-upload-1-k2xi6cucqnfc-1742293786287-pour-la-france-versez-votre-or-l-or-combat-pour-la-victoire-aff3856.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/18/0/0/3766/2510/110/73/60/0/8d0c761_sirius-fs-upload-1-k2xi6cucqnfc-1742293786287-pour-la-france-versez-votre-or-l-or-combat-pour-la-victoire-aff3856.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/politique/article/2025/03/18/en-1914-1918-une-guerre-financee-aux-trois-quarts-par-la-dette_6583289_823448.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Décryptage</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">En 1914-1918, une guerre financée aux trois quarts par la dette</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Alors que Bercy réfléchit à un moyen de financer le réarmement de la France, pendant la première guerre mondiale, le pays avait privilégié l’emprunt à l’impôt pour alimenter les caisses publiques. Laissant un pays extrêmement endetté.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 18 mars 2025 à 15h00</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/denis-cosnard/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Denis Cosnard</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/18/0/4/4468/2979/780/520/60/0/f27df35_sirius-fs-upload-1-a1owydw9ffje-1742288644515-000-vc5c2.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/18/0/4/4468/2979/110/73/60/0/f27df35_sirius-fs-upload-1-a1owydw9ffje-1742288644515-000-vc5c2.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/18/0/4/4468/2979/110/73/60/0/f27df35_sirius-fs-upload-1-a1owydw9ffje-1742288644515-000-vc5c2.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/politique/article/2025/03/18/reforme-du-rsa-le-nouveau-regime-de-sanction-critique_6583239_823448.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Synthèse</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Réforme du RSA : le nouveau régime de sanction critiqué</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Un avis du Conseil national des politiques de lutte contre la pauvreté et l’exclusion sociale (CNLE), publié mardi, met en garde contre la suspension « sans discernement » de l’allocation et propose un « revenu plancher ».</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 18 mars 2025 à 11h30, modifié le 18 mars 2025 à 12h30</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/thibaud-metais/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Thibaud Métais</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/18/1/0/7488/4992/780/520/60/0/e3f0243_sirius-fs-upload-1-zhqkb2loekih-1742290258318-000-36j68mx.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/18/1/0/7488/4992/110/73/60/0/e3f0243_sirius-fs-upload-1-zhqkb2loekih-1742290258318-000-36j68mx.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/18/1/0/7488/4992/110/73/60/0/e3f0243_sirius-fs-upload-1-zhqkb2loekih-1742290258318-000-36j68mx.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/politique/article/2025/03/18/retraites-l-u2p-claque-la-porte-des-concertations_6583230_823448.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Décryptage</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">L’organisation patronale U2P, qui représente commerçants, artisans et professions libérales, quitte les négociations sur les retraites</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">L’organisation patronale a annoncé, mardi, quitter les pourparlers entamés fin février entre partenaires sociaux pour alerter sur « l’équilibre de nos régimes sociaux »</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 18 mars 2025 à 10h35, modifié le 18 mars 2025 à 12h06</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/bertrand-bissuel/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Bertrand Bissuel</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/21/0/0/5899/3933/780/520/60/0/2b4a74e_sirius-fs-upload-1-dfdxazg50ldx-1740150779634-jmug250219179.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/21/0/0/5899/3933/110/73/60/0/2b4a74e_sirius-fs-upload-1-dfdxazg50ldx-1740150779634-jmug250219179.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/21/0/0/5899/3933/110/73/60/0/2b4a74e_sirius-fs-upload-1-dfdxazg50ldx-1740150779634-jmug250219179.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/politique/article/2025/03/17/retraites-bayrou-ferme-la-porte-aux-62-ans-suscitant-l-indignation-des-syndicats-et-de-la-gauche_6582501_823448.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Décryptage</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Retraites : Bayrou ferme la porte aux 62 ans, suscitant l’indignation des syndicats et de la gauche</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Alors que patronat et syndicat sont réunis en conclave pour revoir la réforme des retraites de 2023, fixant l’âge de départ à 64 ans, les propos du premier ministre ont heurté.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 17 mars 2025 à 10h30, modifié le 18 mars 2025 à 08h43</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/bertrand-bissuel/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Bertrand Bissuel</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/16/0/0/4495/2997/780/520/60/0/212415a_sirius-fs-upload-1-0pc6y3mybmfa-1742144208606-2023-06-06t121908z-529754778-rc2od1a46tsz-rtrmadp-3-france-protests.JPG" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/16/0/0/4495/2997/110/73/60/0/212415a_sirius-fs-upload-1-0pc6y3mybmfa-1742144208606-2023-06-06t121908z-529754778-rc2od1a46tsz-rtrmadp-3-france-protests.JPG" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/16/0/0/4495/2997/110/73/60/0/212415a_sirius-fs-upload-1-0pc6y3mybmfa-1742144208606-2023-06-06t121908z-529754778-rc2od1a46tsz-rtrmadp-3-france-protests.JPG" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/politique/article/2025/03/16/retraites-des-idees-chocs-pour-refondre-les-droits-familiaux-et-conjugaux_6582145_823448.html"> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Les idées-chocs pour réformer deux dispositifs-clés des retraites : les « droits conjugaux » et les « droits familiaux »</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Le Conseil d’orientation des retraites doit passer en revue, jeudi 20 mars, une série d’études qui explorent des « pistes d’évolution » sur ces dispositifs de solidarité. Certains scénarios envisagés sont synonymes de big bang, avec des gagnants et des perdants.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 16 mars 2025 à 18h45, modifié le 17 mars 2025 à 14h23</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/bertrand-bissuel/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Bertrand Bissuel</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/01/29/0/0/3000/2000/780/520/60/0/8d923fe_1706537776542-media-appel-ia-6.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/01/29/0/0/3000/2000/110/73/60/0/8d923fe_1706537776542-media-appel-ia-6.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/01/29/0/0/3000/2000/110/73/60/0/8d923fe_1706537776542-media-appel-ia-6.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/03/16/non-l-europe-n-a-pas-perdu-la-bataille-de-l-intelligence-artificielle-d-entreprise_6581949_3234.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Tribune</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">« Non, l’Europe n’a pas perdu la bataille de l’intelligence artificielle d’entreprise »</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Le chercheur Hugues Bersini explique, dans une tribune au « Monde », comment une IA sobre et plus conventionnelle peut stimuler la compétitivité d’industries européennes, comme l’automobile, le luxe ou les secteurs pharmaceutique et médical.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 16 mars 2025 à 11h00, modifié le 17 mars 2025 à 16h27</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/hugues-bersini/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Hugues Bersini</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/04/17/0/0/3000/2000/780/520/60/0/cf9e2aa_1681721632291-erui.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/04/17/0/0/3000/2000/110/73/60/0/cf9e2aa_1681721632291-erui.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/04/17/0/0/3000/2000/110/73/60/0/cf9e2aa_1681721632291-erui.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" 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data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/13/94/0/5000/3333/780/520/60/0/df8ef67_sirius-fs-upload-1-vulmyzg43scm-1739453732605-loveshop-trossat-04.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/13/94/0/5000/3333/110/73/60/0/df8ef67_sirius-fs-upload-1-vulmyzg43scm-1739453732605-loveshop-trossat-04.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/13/94/0/5000/3333/110/73/60/0/df8ef67_sirius-fs-upload-1-vulmyzg43scm-1739453732605-loveshop-trossat-04.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/intimites/article/2025/03/15/love-shop-bijoux-de-plaisir-et-sextoys-au-rayon-bien-etre-les-nouveaux-business-de-l-intime_6581157_6190330.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Enquête</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 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Mais si les manières d’explorer son plaisir évoluent, les investisseurs restent parfois frileux et les entrepreneurs peinent encore à dédiaboliser le sujet.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 15 mars 2025 à 05h30, modifié le 15 mars 2025 à 16h32</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/audrey-tonnelier/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Audrey Tonnelier</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/14/0/1/5452/3635/780/520/60/0/840569e_sirius-fs-upload-1-kctx8rl7ulk3-1741977454463-2020-05-27t000000z-1793664445-rc21xg95k29z-rtrmadp-3-health-coronavirus-britain-canarywharf.JPG" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/14/0/1/5452/3635/110/73/60/0/840569e_sirius-fs-upload-1-kctx8rl7ulk3-1741977454463-2020-05-27t000000z-1793664445-rc21xg95k29z-rtrmadp-3-health-coronavirus-britain-canarywharf.JPG" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/14/0/1/5452/3635/110/73/60/0/840569e_sirius-fs-upload-1-kctx8rl7ulk3-1741977454463-2020-05-27t000000z-1793664445-rc21xg95k29z-rtrmadp-3-health-coronavirus-britain-canarywharf.JPG" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/politique/article/2025/03/14/dette-la-france-echappe-au-couperet-de-fitch-et-conserve-son-double-a_6581004_823448.html"> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Dette : la France échappe au couperet de Fitch et conserve son « double A »</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Malgré la détérioration des finances publiques, l’agence américaine a maintenu, vendredi 14 mars, la note AA− accordée à la dette française. Elle justifie sa décision par les atouts du pays, notamment « une économie vaste et diversifiée » et « des institutions solides et efficaces ».</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 14 mars 2025 à 22h05, modifié le 15 mars 2025 à 00h18</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/denis-cosnard/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Denis Cosnard</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/13/1/0/5584/3722/780/520/60/0/0cf9811_ftp-import-images-1-m23mkmdxcuph-5308295-01-06.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/13/1/0/5584/3722/110/73/60/0/0cf9811_ftp-import-images-1-m23mkmdxcuph-5308295-01-06.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/13/1/0/5584/3722/110/73/60/0/0cf9811_ftp-import-images-1-m23mkmdxcuph-5308295-01-06.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/03/14/eric-lombard-deplore-une-guerre-idiote-avec-les-etats-unis-concernant-les-droits-de-douane_6580913_3234.html"> <h3 class="teaser__title">Eric Lombard déplore une « guerre idiote » avec les Etats-Unis concernant les droits de douane</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Le ministre de l’économie français critique la stratégie américaine, jugeant que la hausse des taxes sur l’acier et l’aluminium européens a déclenché une escalade commerciale.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 14 mars 2025 à 09h49, modifié le 14 mars 2025 à 10h22</span> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Le Monde avec AFP</span> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/13/0/0/3000/2000/780/520/60/0/2f1b523_sirius-fs-upload-1-ppqmivfqzwg3-1741894338868-000-36ue4ea.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/13/0/0/3000/2000/110/73/60/0/2f1b523_sirius-fs-upload-1-ppqmivfqzwg3-1741894338868-000-36ue4ea.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/13/0/0/3000/2000/110/73/60/0/2f1b523_sirius-fs-upload-1-ppqmivfqzwg3-1741894338868-000-36ue4ea.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/politique/article/2025/03/13/retraites-troisieme-reunion-de-concertations-entre-syndicats-et-patronat-le-medef-propose-de-durcir-le-dispositif-de-depart-en-carriere-longue_6580384_823448.html"> <h3 class="teaser__title">Retraites : troisième réunion de concertations entre syndicats et patronat, le Medef propose de durcir le dispositif de départ en carrière longue</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Sur proposition de Matignon, les partenaires sociaux se sont engagés dans trois mois de discussions visant à « améliorer » la réforme des retraites de 2023.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 13 mars 2025 à 21h01, modifié le 14 mars 2025 à 08h39</span> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Le Monde avec AFP</span> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/13/0/0/6000/4000/780/520/60/0/d964ffd_sirius-fs-upload-1-jevtunzav3v1-1741880866438-000-36j24z9.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/13/0/0/6000/4000/110/73/60/0/d964ffd_sirius-fs-upload-1-jevtunzav3v1-1741880866438-000-36j24z9.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/13/0/0/6000/4000/110/73/60/0/d964ffd_sirius-fs-upload-1-jevtunzav3v1-1741880866438-000-36j24z9.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/03/13/la-reindustrialisation-de-la-france-a-recule-en-2024-selon-le-barometre-industriel_6580343_3234.html"> <h3 class="teaser__title">La réindustrialisation de la France a reculé en 2024, selon le baromètre industriel</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">L’indicateur, dévoilé jeudi par le ministère de l’économie, a recensé l’an dernier 114 ouvertures de nouvelles usines en France, alors que 119 usines ont fermé, le solde net s’établit donc à − 5 usines.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 13 mars 2025 à 17h06</span> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Le Monde avec AFP</span> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/05/03/0/0/3000/2000/780/520/60/0/780fea1_1683120136830-lmargent1.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/05/03/0/0/3000/2000/110/73/60/0/780fea1_1683120136830-lmargent1.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/05/03/0/0/3000/2000/110/73/60/0/780fea1_1683120136830-lmargent1.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/idees/article/2025/03/13/les-periodes-de-conflits-sont-plus-propices-au-resserrement-des-ecarts-de-revenus-que-les-periodes-de-prosperite_6580323_3232.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Chronique</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">« Les périodes de conflits sont plus propices au resserrement des écarts de revenus que les périodes de prospérité »</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Comme les guerres par le passé ont contribué à réduire les inégalités, l’exécutif pourrait chercher à améliorer l’équité fiscale tout en finançant les dépenses de défense, estime la journaliste au « Monde » Béatrice Madeline, dans sa chronique.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 13 mars 2025 à 15h00, modifié le 13 mars 2025 à 15h31</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/beatrice-madeline/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Béatrice Madeline</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/12/0/4/7032/4688/780/520/60/0/b6a6725_sirius-fs-upload-1-kz9yv1p9ukqi-1741797190507-000-36n27pt.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/12/0/4/7032/4688/110/73/60/0/b6a6725_sirius-fs-upload-1-kz9yv1p9ukqi-1741797190507-000-36n27pt.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/12/0/4/7032/4688/110/73/60/0/b6a6725_sirius-fs-upload-1-kz9yv1p9ukqi-1741797190507-000-36n27pt.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/03/12/la-banque-de-france-abaisse-sa-prevision-de-croissance-a-0-7-pour-2025_6579714_3234.html"> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">La Banque de France abaisse sa prévision de croissance à 0,7 % pour 2025</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Par rapport aux projections de décembre 2024, la hausse du PIB est revue à la baisse car les investissements des entreprises et les exportations pourraient pâtir du contexte international.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 12 mars 2025 à 20h00</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/beatrice-madeline/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Béatrice Madeline</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/04/16/0/0/3000/2000/780/520/60/0/7e7e1b8_1713278496158-option-71.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/04/16/0/0/3000/2000/110/73/60/0/7e7e1b8_1713278496158-option-71.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/04/16/0/0/3000/2000/110/73/60/0/7e7e1b8_1713278496158-option-71.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/03/12/au-cabinet-de-conseil-ey-les-syndicats-organisent-un-referendum-sur-le-temps-de-travail_6579613_3234.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">L'histoire</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Au cabinet d’audit EY, les syndicats organisent un référendum sur le temps de travail</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Un accord d’entreprise signé en 2021 avait écarté la limite habituelle de 48 heures de travail hebdomadaire pour les auditeurs de ce grand cabinet. Face à l’impact de la surcharge de travail sur la santé des salariés, une intersyndicale prévoit de les consulter, pour inciter la direction à rebrousser chemin.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 12 mars 2025 à 10h14, modifié le 13 mars 2025 à 15h59</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/jules-thomas/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Jules Thomas</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/11/0/46/3412/2275/780/520/60/0/261006a_sirius-fs-upload-1-rrn9xlqljc7b-1741704657458-000-363l7qh.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/11/0/46/3412/2275/110/73/60/0/261006a_sirius-fs-upload-1-rrn9xlqljc7b-1741704657458-000-363l7qh.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/11/0/46/3412/2275/110/73/60/0/261006a_sirius-fs-upload-1-rrn9xlqljc7b-1741704657458-000-363l7qh.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/03/11/cergy-pontoise-fin-d-une-greve-de-quatre-mois-des-conducteurs-de-bus_6579199_3234.html"> <h3 class="teaser__title">Cergy-Pontoise : fin d’une grève de quatre mois des conducteurs de bus</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Depuis novembre 2024, le mouvement social a fortement perturbé le service de transports en commun de cette commune du Val-d’Oise, exploité par Francilité Seine et Oise, dans le cadre de l’ouverture à la concurrence des réseaux de bus.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 11 mars 2025 à 16h07, modifié le 11 mars 2025 à 17h05</span> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Le Monde avec AFP</span> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/10/0/0/8019/5346/780/520/60/0/852d78c_sirius-fs-upload-1-0v12hxr9qb0c-1741628216062-000-34p73zj.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/10/0/0/8019/5346/110/73/60/0/852d78c_sirius-fs-upload-1-0v12hxr9qb0c-1741628216062-000-34p73zj.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/10/0/0/8019/5346/110/73/60/0/852d78c_sirius-fs-upload-1-0v12hxr9qb0c-1741628216062-000-34p73zj.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/03/11/l-economie-de-guerre-en-france-du-concept-a-la-realite_6579087_3234.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Décryptage</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">« L’économie de guerre » en France, du concept à la réalité</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">« L’économie de la guerre ». Trois ans après le début de l’invasion russe en Ukraine, les premiers résultats de relocalisation et de montée en cadence des industries de défense françaises sont visibles. Mais les difficultés subsistent, notamment dans le recrutement.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 11 mars 2025 à 14h00, modifié le 11 mars 2025 à 17h15</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/dominique-gallois/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Dominique Gallois</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/10/369/0/3927/2618/780/520/60/0/689ccb8_sirius-fs-upload-1-zk7fo34dnyhf-1741607725117-rea10684360.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/10/369/0/3927/2618/110/73/60/0/689ccb8_sirius-fs-upload-1-zk7fo34dnyhf-1741607725117-rea10684360.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/10/369/0/3927/2618/110/73/60/0/689ccb8_sirius-fs-upload-1-zk7fo34dnyhf-1741607725117-rea10684360.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/politique/article/2025/03/10/le-contexte-international-cree-des-tensions-entre-le-cor-et-les-partenaires-sociaux_6577889_823448.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Décryptage</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Tensions entre le Conseil d’orientation des retraites et les partenaires sociaux à cause du « contexte international »</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Le président du COR, Gilbert Cette, a remis en cause le débat en cours sur un abaissement de l’âge d’ouverture des droits à une pension. Une intervention qui a suscité les critiques des syndicats.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 10 mars 2025 à 10h09, modifié le 10 mars 2025 à 12h57</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/bertrand-bissuel/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Bertrand Bissuel</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/09/0/0/5389/3592/780/520/60/0/57db188_sirius-fs-upload-1-3jggzhjqeznn-1741526262501-dscf9761.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/09/0/0/5389/3592/110/73/60/0/57db188_sirius-fs-upload-1-3jggzhjqeznn-1741526262501-dscf9761.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/09/0/0/5389/3592/110/73/60/0/57db188_sirius-fs-upload-1-3jggzhjqeznn-1741526262501-dscf9761.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/03/10/les-depenses-militaires-un-levier-pour-la-croissance-et-pour-l-inflation_6577665_3234.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Décryptage</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Les dépenses militaires, un levier pour la croissance… et pour l’inflation</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">« L’économie de la guerre » (1/6). La forte hausse des dépenses consacrées à la défense, qui devraient passer de 2 % à 3,5 % du produit intérieur brut, va soutenir l’activité économique. Mais en ravivant les contraintes d’offre et d’approvisionnement, elle risque aussi de relancer la hausse des prix.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 10 mars 2025 à 05h30, modifié le 12 mars 2025 à 08h09</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/beatrice-madeline/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Béatrice Madeline</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/09/0/0/5472/3648/780/520/60/0/5eee5ec_sirius-fs-upload-1-cvsg676iih12-1741526897663-000-32ma37n.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/09/0/0/5472/3648/110/73/60/0/5eee5ec_sirius-fs-upload-1-cvsg676iih12-1741526897663-000-32ma37n.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/09/0/0/5472/3648/110/73/60/0/5eee5ec_sirius-fs-upload-1-cvsg676iih12-1741526897663-000-32ma37n.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/03/10/la-france-conforte-sa-place-de-deuxieme-exportateur-mondial-d-armement_6577650_3234.html"> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">La France conforte sa place de deuxième exportateur mondial d’armement</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">« L’économie de la guerre ». L’Ukraine est devenue le premier acheteur d’armes, sur un continent européen poussé au réarmement par la menace russe. Les Etats-Unis restent de loin le fournisseur numéro un du marché international de la guerre.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 10 mars 2025 à 00h01, modifié le 10 mars 2025 à 09h33</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/jean-michel-bezat/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Jean-Michel Bezat</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/02/0/0/8395/5597/780/520/60/0/1726ae3_ftp-import-images-1-0c6br7l01hqs-2025-03-02t181609z-2121522587-rc225datxynd-rtrmadp-3-ukraine-crisis-britain-europe.JPG" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/02/0/0/8395/5597/110/73/60/0/1726ae3_ftp-import-images-1-0c6br7l01hqs-2025-03-02t181609z-2121522587-rc225datxynd-rtrmadp-3-ukraine-crisis-britain-europe.JPG" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/02/0/0/8395/5597/110/73/60/0/1726ae3_ftp-import-images-1-0c6br7l01hqs-2025-03-02t181609z-2121522587-rc225datxynd-rtrmadp-3-ukraine-crisis-britain-europe.JPG" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/idees/article/2025/03/08/jean-pisani-ferry-l-attitude-ouvertement-hostile-de-l-administration-trump-a-brutalement-accelere-les-discussions-sur-l-autonomie-strategique-de-l-europe_6577106_3232.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Chronique</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Jean Pisani-Ferry : « L’attitude ouvertement hostile de l’administration Trump a brutalement accéléré les discussions sur l’autonomie stratégique de l’Europe »</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Pour assurer le financement du nouvel effort de défense qu’elle doit fournir, l’Union européenne va devoir faire preuve d’imagination et d’audace, en créant un instrument financier ad hoc, estime l’économiste Jean Pisani-Ferry, dans sa chronique au « Monde ».</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 08 mars 2025 à 06h00, modifié le 08 mars 2025 à 17h01</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/jean-pisani-ferry/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Jean Pisani-Ferry</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/07/9/0/7780/5186/780/520/60/0/1fb39d3_sirius-fs-upload-1-92c40vtjjqfc-1741367011450-000-33ca4ay.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/07/9/0/7780/5186/110/73/60/0/1fb39d3_sirius-fs-upload-1-92c40vtjjqfc-1741367011450-000-33ca4ay.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/07/9/0/7780/5186/110/73/60/0/1fb39d3_sirius-fs-upload-1-92c40vtjjqfc-1741367011450-000-33ca4ay.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/03/07/abandon-trahison-contre-liberte-d-entreprendre-la-location-gerance-chez-carrefour-devant-la-justice_6577093_3234.html"> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">« Abandon, trahison » contre « liberté d’entreprendre » : la location-gérance chez Carrefour devant la justice</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Une audience en référé s’est tenue vendredi, opposant la CFDT et le géant de la distribution. 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Il s’est éteint jeudi 6 mars, à l’âge de 87 ans.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 07 mars 2025 à 17h11, modifié le 09 mars 2025 à 17h21</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/michel-noblecourt/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Michel Noblecourt</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/04/0/0/5599/3733/780/520/60/0/a3a388b_sirius-fs-upload-1-a4fpodbx1kge-1741077973346-g703240599.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/04/0/0/5599/3733/110/73/60/0/a3a388b_sirius-fs-upload-1-a4fpodbx1kge-1741077973346-g703240599.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/04/0/0/5599/3733/110/73/60/0/a3a388b_sirius-fs-upload-1-a4fpodbx1kge-1741077973346-g703240599.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/emploi/article/2025/03/07/la-mediation-sociale-se-developpe-en-entreprise-on-peut-traiter-plus-vite-les-situations-conflictuelles-avant-qu-elles-ne-degenerent_6576911_1698637.html"> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">La médiation sociale se développe en entreprise : « on peut traiter plus vite les situations conflictuelles, avant qu’elles ne dégénèrent »</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Pour régler les litiges internes entre salariés, de grandes entreprises montent des cellules internes animées par des médiateurs chargés de renouer les fils du dialogue.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 07 mars 2025 à 07h00, modifié le 11 mars 2025 à 16h56</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/frederic-brillet/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Frédéric Brillet</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/06/0/0/8256/5504/780/520/60/0/1f29484_ftp-import-images-1-5rzp2wdzzqrj-5242708-01-06.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/06/0/0/8256/5504/110/73/60/0/1f29484_ftp-import-images-1-5rzp2wdzzqrj-5242708-01-06.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/06/0/0/8256/5504/110/73/60/0/1f29484_ftp-import-images-1-5rzp2wdzzqrj-5242708-01-06.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/03/06/l-armateur-francais-cma-cgm-va-investir-20-milliards-de-dollars-aux-etats-unis-annonce-donald-trump_6576848_3234.html"> <h3 class="teaser__title">CMA CGM, le géant français du transport maritime, va investir 20 milliards de dollars aux Etats-Unis</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Rodolphe Saadé, le PDG du troisième armateur mondial, a déclaré être « très enthousiaste » au sujet de cet investissement, qui pourrait s’accroître « dans les prochaines semaines ».</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 06 mars 2025 à 22h08, modifié le 07 mars 2025 à 07h01</span> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Le Monde avec AFP</span> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/06/0/0/8001/5334/780/520/60/0/47c4044_sirius-fs-upload-1-egknjah31kkr-1741274644432-000-33jn9gj.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/06/0/0/8001/5334/110/73/60/0/47c4044_sirius-fs-upload-1-egknjah31kkr-1741274644432-000-33jn9gj.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/06/0/0/8001/5334/110/73/60/0/47c4044_sirius-fs-upload-1-egknjah31kkr-1741274644432-000-33jn9gj.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/03/06/jeux-la-fiscalite-penalisera-la-rentabilite-de-la-fdj-en-2025_6576814_3234.html"> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Jeux : la fiscalité pénalisera la rentabilité de la FDJ en 2025</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">L’héritière du Loto a publié des résultats 2024 très solides. 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Il faudra donc réaliser « plus d’efforts » budgétaires, annonce le ministre de l’économie, Eric Lombard.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 04 mars 2025 à 19h32, modifié le 05 mars 2025 à 09h34</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/denis-cosnard/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Denis Cosnard</span> </a> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/elise-vincent/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Elise Vincent</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/04/0/0/8031/5354/780/520/60/0/12c73f0_sirius-fs-upload-1-soykduzwt0no-1741111274860-000-36td4vr.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/04/0/0/8031/5354/110/73/60/0/12c73f0_sirius-fs-upload-1-soykduzwt0no-1741111274860-000-36td4vr.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/04/0/0/8031/5354/110/73/60/0/12c73f0_sirius-fs-upload-1-soykduzwt0no-1741111274860-000-36td4vr.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/politique/article/2025/03/04/budget-les-depenses-ont-baisse-de-6-milliards-d-euros-en-janvier-avec-la-loi-speciale_6576397_823448.html"> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Budget : les dépenses ont baissé de 6 milliards d’euros en janvier avec la « loi spéciale »</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">En l’absence de budget, les dépenses de l’Etat durant le premier mois de l’année 2025 ont diminué de 16 % par rapport à janvier 2024.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 04 mars 2025 à 19h08, modifié le 04 mars 2025 à 19h59</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/denis-cosnard/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Denis Cosnard</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/03/0/0/7680/5120/780/520/60/0/f1d1a78_sirius-fs-upload-1-n2lbvxajdl7l-1740990923675-991010.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/03/0/0/7680/5120/110/73/60/0/f1d1a78_sirius-fs-upload-1-n2lbvxajdl7l-1740990923675-991010.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/03/03/0/0/7680/5120/110/73/60/0/f1d1a78_sirius-fs-upload-1-n2lbvxajdl7l-1740990923675-991010.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/03/03/la-fnsea-reprend-le-controle-de-chambres-d-agriculture-gagnees-par-la-coordination-rurale_6574813_3234.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Décryptage</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">La FNSEA reprend le contrôle de chambres d’agriculture gagnées par la Coordination rurale</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Pour garder la tête de certaines chambres d’agriculture, le principal syndicat fait pression sur les membres des bureaux qui en élisent les présidents.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 03 mars 2025 à 10h30</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/laurence-girard/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Laurence Girard</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/22/0/0/3057/2038/780/520/60/0/bee29f8_ftp-import-images-1-wiq7hb37mdpd-5113616-01-06.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/22/0/0/3057/2038/110/73/60/0/bee29f8_ftp-import-images-1-wiq7hb37mdpd-5113616-01-06.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/22/0/0/3057/2038/110/73/60/0/bee29f8_ftp-import-images-1-wiq7hb37mdpd-5113616-01-06.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/idees/article/2025/03/01/faire-des-economies-est-devenu-le-mantra-des-gouvernements-de-raymond-barre-a-francois-bayrou_6571695_3232.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Tribune</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">« “Faire des économies” est devenu le mantra des gouvernements, de Raymond Barre à François Bayrou »</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Derrière les dénonciations récurrentes de l’« étatisme », du « fiscalisme », des « charges » et de la « bureaucratie » se cache une même volonté : déconstruire la République sociale, raconte l’historien des droites Gilles Richard dans une tribune au « Monde ».</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 01 mars 2025 à 12h00</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/gilles-richard/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Gilles Richard</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/26/0/0/5718/3812/780/520/60/0/d136a0d_ftp-import-images-1-is3986jxhyfq-5152354-01-06.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/26/0/0/5718/3812/110/73/60/0/d136a0d_ftp-import-images-1-is3986jxhyfq-5152354-01-06.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/26/0/0/5718/3812/110/73/60/0/d136a0d_ftp-import-images-1-is3986jxhyfq-5152354-01-06.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/idees/article/2025/03/01/patrick-artus-la-france-souffre-essentiellement-de-la-faiblesse-de-son-niveau-de-production_6570880_3232.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Chronique</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Patrick Artus : « La France souffre essentiellement de la faiblesse de son niveau de production »</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Une stratégie de réduction du déficit public qui ne serait basée que sur des hausses d’impôts et des baisses de dépenses et qui ne s’attaquerait pas aux causes de la faiblesse du niveau de PIB serait peu efficace, avertit l’économiste dans sa chronique.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 01 mars 2025 à 05h00</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/patrick-artus/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Patrick Artus</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/28/0/0/8256/5504/780/520/60/0/b55e903_sirius-fs-upload-1-pr1abo95s4mr-1740738295332-992462.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/28/0/0/8256/5504/110/73/60/0/b55e903_sirius-fs-upload-1-pr1abo95s4mr-1740738295332-992462.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/28/0/0/8256/5504/110/73/60/0/b55e903_sirius-fs-upload-1-pr1abo95s4mr-1740738295332-992462.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/politique/article/2025/02/28/negociations-sur-les-retraites-force-ouvriere-denonce-une-mascarade-et-claque-la-porte_6569599_823448.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Décryptage</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Négociations sur les retraites : Force ouvrière dénonce une « mascarade » et claque la porte</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Le troisième syndicat de France quitte définitivement un cycle de pourparlers censé se dérouler au moins jusqu’à la fin du mois de mai. La CGT pourrait, elle aussi, être tentée de partir.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 28 février 2025 à 15h00, modifié le 01 mars 2025 à 09h36</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/bertrand-bissuel/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Bertrand Bissuel</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/27/0/0/5745/3830/780/520/60/0/bc3a27f_sirius-fs-upload-1-oa2uogpyxhbb-1740645780075-965946.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/27/0/0/5745/3830/110/73/60/0/bc3a27f_sirius-fs-upload-1-oa2uogpyxhbb-1740645780075-965946.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/27/0/0/5745/3830/110/73/60/0/bc3a27f_sirius-fs-upload-1-oa2uogpyxhbb-1740645780075-965946.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/politique/article/2025/02/28/la-cgt-appelle-a-la-mobilisation-le-8-mars-pour-l-abrogation-de-la-reforme-des-retraites_6569393_823448.html"> <h3 class="teaser__title">La CGT appelle à la mobilisation le 8 mars pour « l’abrogation » de la réforme des retraites</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Au lendemain de la première réunion de concertation entre partenaires sociaux, la deuxième centrale syndicale appelle à la mobilisation, en rejoignant les cortèges prévus le 8 mars, Journée internationale de lutte pour les droits des femmes.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 28 février 2025 à 12h48</span> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Le Monde avec AFP</span> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/28/0/0/6000/4000/780/520/60/0/ffe9f4b_sirius-fs-upload-1-2twl6rrxnh45-1740731606975-000-34u73y8.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/28/0/0/6000/4000/110/73/60/0/ffe9f4b_sirius-fs-upload-1-2twl6rrxnh45-1740731606975-000-34u73y8.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/28/0/0/6000/4000/110/73/60/0/ffe9f4b_sirius-fs-upload-1-2twl6rrxnh45-1740731606975-000-34u73y8.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/02/28/la-liste-des-metiers-en-tension-par-region-laisse-des-trous-dans-la-raquette-deplorent-les-syndicats-et-les-employeurs_6569007_3234.html"> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">La liste des métiers en tension par région laisse des « trous dans la raquette », déplorent les syndicats et les employeurs</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Une dernière consultation avec les partenaires sociaux est prévue vendredi 28 février, avant la publication de la liste définitive début mars.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 28 février 2025 à 10h00</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/aline-leclerc/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Aline Leclerc</span> </a> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/julia-pascual/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Julia Pascual</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/04/18/0/0/3000/2000/780/520/60/0/88df720_1681830094381-tryoptrr.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/04/18/0/0/3000/2000/110/73/60/0/88df720_1681830094381-tryoptrr.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2023/04/18/0/0/3000/2000/110/73/60/0/88df720_1681830094381-tryoptrr.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/02/28/l-inflation-sur-un-an-a-ralenti-a-0-8-en-fevrier-une-premiere-depuis-2021-selon-l-insee_6568939_3234.html"> <h3 class="teaser__title">L’inflation sur un an a ralenti à 0,8 % en février, une première depuis 2021, selon l’Insee</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Ces résultats arrivent après une hausse de 1,7 % en janvier, selon les données provisoires de l’Institut national de la statistique. Le ralentissement provient d’un net recul des prix de l’énergie, précise-t-il.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 28 février 2025 à 09h37, modifié le 28 février 2025 à 11h02</span> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Le Monde avec AFP</span> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/27/115/0/2752/1834/780/520/60/0/11d0d3f_sirius-fs-upload-1-pjs8khyhevtv-1740661775812-image0-21.jpeg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/27/115/0/2752/1834/110/73/60/0/11d0d3f_sirius-fs-upload-1-pjs8khyhevtv-1740661775812-image0-21.jpeg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/27/115/0/2752/1834/110/73/60/0/11d0d3f_sirius-fs-upload-1-pjs8khyhevtv-1740661775812-image0-21.jpeg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/argent/article/2025/02/28/budget-2025-ce-qui-change-finalement-en-matiere-de-fiscalite_6568738_1657007.html"> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Budget 2025 : ce qui change finalement en matière de fiscalité</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Adoptée tardivement, la loi de finances pour 2025 a été promulguée, le 14 février, après avoir été validée par le Conseil constitutionnel. Nous passons en revue les principales mesures fiscales concernant les particuliers.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 28 février 2025 à 07h00, modifié le 28 février 2025 à 10h57</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/nathalie-cheysson-kaplan/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Nathalie Cheysson-Kaplan</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/27/0/0/5683/3788/780/520/60/0/d8a8ab2_sirius-fs-upload-1-ndubv7oyjatz-1740645925128-000-36td2lj.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/27/0/0/5683/3788/110/73/60/0/d8a8ab2_sirius-fs-upload-1-ndubv7oyjatz-1740645925128-000-36td2lj.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/27/0/0/5683/3788/110/73/60/0/d8a8ab2_sirius-fs-upload-1-ndubv7oyjatz-1740645925128-000-36td2lj.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/politique/article/2025/02/27/retraites-premieres-crispations-syndicales-des-l-ouverture-des-discussions-sur-les-regimes-de-pension_6566847_823448.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Décryptage</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Retraites : premières crispations syndicales dès l’ouverture des discussions sur les régimes de pension</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Les syndicats et le patronat démarrent, jeudi 27 février, à la demande de François Bayrou, des négociations visant à amender le texte controversé. Mais le cap fixé par le premier ministre d’un rétablissement de l’équilibre financier du système est jugé trop prescriptif par certaines organisations de salariés.</p> </a> <p class="meta__publisher meta--page"> <span class="meta__date">Publié le 27 février 2025 à 10h31, modifié le 28 février 2025 à 09h10</span> <a class="article__author-link" href="/signataires/bertrand-bissuel/"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--page">Bertrand Bissuel</span> </a> </p> </section> </div> <div class="thread"> <section class="teaser teaser--inline-picture "> <figure class="teaser__figure teaser__figure--page"> <picture class="teaser__picture teaser__picture--3-2"> <source data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/27/0/0/2880/1920/780/520/60/0/5b45cdd_sirius-fs-upload-1-y5lofbyxiqsv-1740618419003-000-36uf49l.jpg" media="(min-width: 576px)"> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/27/0/0/2880/1920/110/73/60/0/5b45cdd_sirius-fs-upload-1-y5lofbyxiqsv-1740618419003-000-36uf49l.jpg" alt=""> <noscript> <img class="teaser__media" width="110" height="74" src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/27/0/0/2880/1920/110/73/60/0/5b45cdd_sirius-fs-upload-1-y5lofbyxiqsv-1740618419003-000-36uf49l.jpg" alt=""> </noscript> </picture> </figure> <a class="teaser__link" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2025/02/27/patrick-martin-president-du-medef-je-suis-pessimiste-sur-l-issue-des-discussions-sur-la-reforme-des-retraites_6566368_3234.html"> <span class="teaser__kicker teaser__kicker--premium">Entretien</span> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Article réservé à nos abonnés </span></span> <h3 class="teaser__title">Patrick Martin, président du Medef : « Je suis pessimiste sur l’issue des discussions » sur la réforme des retraites</h3> <p class="teaser__desc">Syndicats et patronat devaient ouvrir, jeudi, à la demande de François Bayrou, des négociations visant à amender le texte controversé. 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