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class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>April</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-April-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-May" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#May"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>May</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-May-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-June" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#June"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>June</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-June-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-July" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#July"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>July</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-July-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-August" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#August"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>August</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-August-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-September" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#September"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9</span> <span>September</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-September-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-October" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#October"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.10</span> <span>October</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-October-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-November" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#November"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.11</span> <span>November</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-November-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-December" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#December"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.12</span> <span>December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-December-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Date_unknown" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Date_unknown"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.13</span> <span>Date unknown</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Date_unknown-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Births_and_deaths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Births_and_deaths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Births and deaths</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Births_and_deaths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nobel_Prizes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nobel_Prizes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Nobel Prizes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nobel_Prizes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_English_words" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_English_words"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>New English words</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_English_words-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">2008</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 214 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-214" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">214 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_%E1%8A%A5.%E1%8A%A4.%E1%8A%A0." title="2008 እ.ኤ.አ. – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="2008 እ.ኤ.አ." data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="2008 сон – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="2008 сон" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B2%DB%B0%DB%B0%DB%B8_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۲۰۰۸ (میلادی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۲۰۰۸ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A8%E0%A7%A6%E0%A7%A6%E0%A7%AE" title="২০০৮ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="২০০৮" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_n%C3%AE" title="2008 nî – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="2008 nî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="2008 йыл – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="2008 йыл" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BC%A2%E0%BC%A0%E0%BC%A0%E0%BC%A8%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8D" title="༢༠༠༨ལོ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="༢༠༠༨ལོ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008." title="2008. – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="2008." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BC%A2%E0%BC%A0%E0%BC%A0%E0%BC%A8" title="༢༠༠༨ – Dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="༢༠༠༨" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="Dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="2008 ие – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="2008 ие" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B2%DB%B0%DB%B0%DB%B8" title="۲۰۰۸ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۲۰۰۸" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_%D1%88%D1%83" title="2008 шу – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="2008 шу" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%E5%B9%B4" title="2008年 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="2008年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008-ngi%C3%A8n" title="2008-ngièn – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="2008-ngièn" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%EB%85%84" title="2008년 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="2008년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%AE" title="२००८ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="२००८" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008." title="2008. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="2008." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A7%A8%E0%A7%A6%E0%A7%A6%E0%A7%AE" title="মারি ২০০৮ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মারি ২০০৮" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008-%C3%A6%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="2008-æм аз – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="2008-æм аз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B3%A8%E0%B3%A6%E0%B3%A6%E0%B3%AE" title="೨೦೦೮ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="೨೦೦೮" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="2008 джыл – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="2008 джыл" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="2008 жыл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="2008 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008-%D3%A7%D0%B4_%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="2008-ӧд во – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="2008-ӧд во" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_(almanak_gregoryen)" title="2008 (almanak gregoryen) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="2008 (almanak gregoryen)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_%D0%B8" title="2008 и – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="2008 и" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%84.%E0%BA%AA._2008" title="ຄ.ສ. 2008 – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຄ.ສ. 2008" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008._gads" title="2008. gads – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="2008. gads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_%D0%B9%D0%B8%D1%81" title="2008 йис – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="2008 йис" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_m." title="2008 m. – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="2008 m." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008moi" title="2008moi – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="2008moi" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%AE" title="२००८ – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="२००८" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8._%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%AE" title="इ.स. २००८ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स. २००८" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B2%DB%B0%DB%B0%DB%B8" title="۲۰۰۸ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۲۰۰۸" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_ni%C3%A8ng" title="2008 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="2008 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="2008 он – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="2008 он" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%82%E1%81%80%E1%81%80%E1%81%88" title="၂၀၀၈ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="၂၀၀၈" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%AE" title="सन् २००८ – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सन् २००८" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%E5%B9%B4" title="2008年 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="2008年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_%D1%88%D0%BE" title="2008 шо – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="2008 шо" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ii mw-list-item"><a href="https://ii.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%E5%B9%B4" title="2008年 – Sichuan Yi" lang="ii" hreflang="ii" data-title="2008年" data-language-autonym="ꆇꉙ" data-language-local-name="Sichuan Yi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꆇꉙ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%A8%E0%AD%A6%E0%AD%A6%E0%AD%AE" title="୨୦୦୮ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="୨୦୦୮" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%AE" title="२००८ – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="२००८" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%86%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6%E1%9F%86_%E1%9F%A2%E1%9F%A0%E1%9F%A0%E1%9F%A8" title="ឆ្នាំ ២០០៨ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ឆ្នាំ ២០០៨" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joohr_2008" title="Joohr 2008 – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Joohr 2008" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="2008 год – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="2008 год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%D8%B9" title="2008ع – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="2008ع" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A2%D9%A0%D9%A0%D9%A8" title="٢٠٠٨ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="٢٠٠٨" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008." title="2008. – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="2008." data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="2008 ел – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="2008 ел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>တႆး</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2551" title="พ.ศ. 2551 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 2551" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_2008" title="Соли 2008 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 2008" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_%D0%B0%D1%80" title="2008 ар – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="2008 ар" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Buginese" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="Buginese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%D8%A1" title="2008ء – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="2008ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_-_%D9%8A%D9%89%D9%84%D9%89" title="2008 - يىلى – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="2008 - يىلى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_nienz" title="2008 nienz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="2008 nienz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E3%80%87%E3%80%87%E5%85%AB%E5%B9%B4" title="二〇〇八年 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="二〇〇八年" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%E5%B9%B4" title="2008年 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="2008年" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%E5%B9%B4" title="2008年 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="2008年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%E5%B9%B4" title="2008年 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="2008年" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008 – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="2008" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2004#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div 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id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1255975824">.mw-parser-output .events-by-month{margin:0.5em 0;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;background-color:var(--background-color-base,white);font-size:88%;text-align:center;color:var(--color-emphasized,#101418)}</style><div class="events-by-month" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="2008-label"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <dl><dt><span id="2008-label"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2008</a></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/January_2008" title="Portal:Current events/January 2008">January</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/February_2008" title="Portal:Current events/February 2008">February</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/March_2008" title="Portal:Current events/March 2008">March</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/April_2008" title="Portal:Current events/April 2008">April</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/May_2008" title="Portal:Current events/May 2008">May</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/June_2008" title="Portal:Current events/June 2008">June</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/July_2008" title="Portal:Current events/July 2008">July</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/August_2008" title="Portal:Current events/August 2008">August</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/September_2008" title="Portal:Current events/September 2008">September</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/October_2008" title="Portal:Current events/October 2008">October</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/November_2008" title="Portal:Current events/November 2008">November</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/December_2008" title="Portal:Current events/December 2008">December</a></dd></dl> </div></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2008_Events_Collage.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/2008_Events_Collage.png/330px-2008_Events_Collage.png" decoding="async" width="262" height="237" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/2008_Events_Collage.png/500px-2008_Events_Collage.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/2008_Events_Collage.png/524px-2008_Events_Collage.png 2x" data-file-width="930" data-file-height="840" /></a><figcaption>Clockwise from top-left: <a href="/wiki/Lehman_Brothers" title="Lehman Brothers">Lehman Brothers</a> went <a href="/wiki/Bankruptcy_of_Lehman_Brothers" title="Bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers">bankrupt</a> following the <a href="/wiki/Subprime_mortgage_crisis" title="Subprime mortgage crisis">subprime mortgage crisis</a>; <a href="/wiki/Cyclone_Nargis" title="Cyclone Nargis">Cyclone Nargis</a> kills upwards of 138,373 in <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> and became the <a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_disasters#tropical_cyclones" class="mw-redirect" title="List of natural disasters">7th-deadliest cyclone of all time</a>; the <a href="/wiki/2008_Summer_Olympics" title="2008 Summer Olympics">2008 Summer Olympics</a> are held in <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> whilst a <a href="/wiki/2008_Tibetan_unrest" title="2008 Tibetan unrest">series of unrest in Tibet</a> was occurring against the games; an <a href="/wiki/2008_Sichuan_earthquake" title="2008 Sichuan earthquake">earthquake</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a> kills over 87,000 and became the <a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_disasters#earthquakes" class="mw-redirect" title="List of natural disasters">18th-deadliest earthquake of all time</a>; a destroyed Georgian T-72 tank during the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Georgian_War" title="Russo-Georgian War">Russo-Georgian War</a>; the Trident Hotel in <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a> was the site of the <a href="/wiki/2008_Mumbai_attacks" title="2008 Mumbai attacks">2008 Mumbai attacks</a>; the <i><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(spacecraft)" title="Phoenix (spacecraft)">Phoenix</a></i> spacecraft is the first probe to prove that ice water still exists on <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a>; poster in <a href="/wiki/Pristina" title="Pristina">Pristina</a> celebrating the <a href="/wiki/2008_Kosovo_declaration_of_independence" title="2008 Kosovo declaration of independence">Independence</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> from <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Years</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Millennium</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/3rd_millennium" title="3rd millennium">3rd millennium</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Centuries</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/20th_century" title="20th century">20th century</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/21st_century" title="21st century">21st century</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/22nd_century" class="mw-redirect" title="22nd century">22nd century</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Decades</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980s" title="1980s">1980s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990s" title="1990s">1990s</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2000s" title="2000s">2000s</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010s" title="2010s">2010s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020s" title="2020s">2020s</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_years" title="List of years">Years</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AD_2005" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 2005">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_2006" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 2006">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_2007" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 2007">2007</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/AD_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 2008">2008</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_2009" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 2009">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_2010" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 2010">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 2011">2011</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Year_nav" title="Template:Year nav"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Year_nav" title="Template talk:Year nav"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Year_nav" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Year nav"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width:22em"><caption style="font-size:125%"><span class="summary dtstart">2008 in various <a href="/wiki/Calendar_era" title="Calendar era">calendars</a></span></caption><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a></td><td>2008<br /><span style="font-family: serif;"><i>MMVIII</i></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita" title="Ab urbe condita">Ab urbe condita</a></td><td>2761</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_calendar" title="Armenian calendar">Armenian calendar</a></td><td>1457<br />ԹՎ ՌՆԾԷ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_calendar" title="Assyrian calendar">Assyrian calendar</a></td><td>6758</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_calendar" title="Baháʼí calendar">Baháʼí calendar</a></td><td>164–165</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar" title="Balinese saka calendar">Balinese saka calendar</a></td><td>1929–1930</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendar" title="Bengali calendar">Bengali calendar</a></td><td>1414–1415</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Berber_calendar" title="Berber calendar">Berber calendar</a></td><td>2958</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_and_British_monarchs" title="Regnal years of English and British monarchs">British Regnal year</a></td><td>56 <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Eliz. 2</a> – 57 <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Eliz. 2</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_calendar" title="Buddhist calendar">Buddhist calendar</a></td><td>2552</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Burmese_calendar" title="Burmese calendar">Burmese calendar</a></td><td>1370</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_calendar" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine calendar</a></td><td>7516–7517</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">丁亥</a>年 (Fire <a href="/wiki/Pig_(zodiac)" title="Pig (zodiac)">Pig</a>)<br />4705 or 4498<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />戊子年 (Earth <a href="/wiki/Rat_(zodiac)" title="Rat (zodiac)">Rat</a>)<br />4706 or 4499</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic calendar</a></td><td>1724–1725</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Discordian_calendar" title="Discordian calendar">Discordian calendar</a></td><td>3174</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian calendar</a></td><td>2000–2001</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew calendar</a></td><td>5768–5769</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendars</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></i></td><td>2064–2065</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Shaka Samvat</a></i></td><td>1929–1930</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a></i></td><td>5108–5109</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Holocene calendar</a></td><td>12008</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Igbo_calendar" title="Igbo calendar">Igbo calendar</a></td><td>1008–1009</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Iranian calendar</a></td><td>1386–1387</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></td><td>1428–1430</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Heisei" class="mw-redirect" title="Heisei">Heisei</a> 20<br />(平成２０年)</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese calendar</a></td><td>1940–1941</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Juche_calendar" title="Juche calendar">Juche calendar</a></td><td>97</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a></td><td>Gregorian minus 13 days</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Korean_calendar" title="Korean calendar">Korean calendar</a></td><td>4341</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Minguo_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Minguo calendar">Minguo calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">ROC</a> 97<br />民國97年</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi calendar</a></td><td>540</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar" title="Thai solar calendar">Thai solar calendar</a></td><td>2551</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_calendar" title="Tibetan calendar">Tibetan calendar</a></td><td>阴火猪年<br />(female Fire-<a href="/wiki/Pig_(zodiac)" title="Pig (zodiac)">Pig</a>)<br />2134 or 1753 or 981<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />阳土鼠年<br />(male Earth-<a href="/wiki/Rat_(zodiac)" title="Rat (zodiac)">Rat</a>)<br />2135 or 1754 or 982</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Unix_time" title="Unix time">Unix time</a></td><td>1199145600 – 1230767999</td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330" /><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><span style="font-size:120%">2008 by topic</span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #8B8000;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/2008_in_art" title="2008 in art">Arts</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:1;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_animation" title="2008 in animation">Animation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_anime" title="2008 in anime">Anime</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_architecture" title="2008 in architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_comics" title="2008 in comics">Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_film" title="2008 in film">Film</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_2008" title="List of horror films of 2008">Horror</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_literature" title="2008 in literature">Literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_poetry" title="2008 in poetry">Poetry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_radio" title="2008 in radio">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_science_fiction&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in science fiction (page does not exist)">Science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_television" title="2008 in television">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_video_games" title="2008 in video games">Video games</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_esports" title="2008 in esports">esports</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #8B8000;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/2008_in_music" title="2008 in music">Music</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:1;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_2008_albums" title="List of 2008 albums">Albums</a></li> <li>By genre <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_classical_music" title="2008 in classical music">Classical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_country_music" title="2008 in country music">Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_hip_hop_music" class="mw-redirect" title="2008 in hip hop music">Hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_jazz" title="2008 in jazz">Jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Latin_music" title="2008 in Latin music">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_heavy_metal_music" title="2008 in heavy metal music">Metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_rock_music" title="2008 in rock music">Rock</a></li></ul></li> <li>By place <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_African_music&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in African music (page does not exist)">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Asian_music&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Asian music (page does not exist)">Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Chinese_music&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Chinese music (page does not exist)">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Japanese_music" title="2008 in Japanese music">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_South_Korean_music" title="2008 in South Korean music">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Philippine_music&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Philippine music (page does not exist)">Philippines</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Australian_music&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Australian music (page does not exist)">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Brazilian_music&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Brazilian music (page does not exist)">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Canadian_music" title="2008 in Canadian music">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_European_music&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in European music (page does not exist)">Europe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Irish_music" title="2008 in Irish music">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Scandinavian_music" title="2008 in Scandinavian music">Scandinavia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Norwegian_music" title="2008 in Norwegian music">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Swedish_music&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Swedish music (page does not exist)">Sweden</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_British_music" title="2008 in British music">United Kingdom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_American_music" title="2008 in American music">United States</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #8B8000;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/2008_in_politics" title="2008 in politics">Politics and government</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:1;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_national_electoral_calendar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 national electoral calendar (page does not exist)">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="List of state leaders in 2008">International leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_organized_crime" title="2008 in organized crime">Organized crime</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_religion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in religion (page does not exist)">Religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_21st-century_religious_leaders" title="List of 21st-century religious leaders">Religious leaders</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_in_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sovereign states in 2008">Sovereign states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_the_21st_century" title="List of state leaders in the 21st century">Sovereign state leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_dependent_territories_in_the_21st_century" title="List of governors of dependent territories in the 21st century">Territorial governors</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #8B8000;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/2008_in_science" title="2008 in science">Science and technology</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:1;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_archaeology" title="2008 in archaeology">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_biotechnology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in biotechnology (page does not exist)">Biotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_computing" class="mw-redirect" title="2008 in computing">Computing</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in artificial intelligence (page does not exist)">AI</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_paleontology" title="2008 in paleontology">Palaeontology</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_quantum_computing_and_communication&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in quantum computing and communication (page does not exist)">Quantum computing and communication</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_senescence_research&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in senescence research (page does not exist)">Senescence research</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2000s_in_sustainable_energy_research&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2000s in sustainable energy research (page does not exist)">Sustainable energy research</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #8B8000;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/2008_in_the_environment" title="2008 in the environment">Environment</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:1;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_birding_and_ornithology" title="2008 in birding and ornithology">Birding and ornithology</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_climate_change&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in climate change (page does not exist)">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weather_of_2008#Timeline" title="Weather of 2008">Weather</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tornadoes_of_2008" title="Tornadoes of 2008">Tornadoes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclones_of_2008&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tropical cyclones of 2008 (page does not exist)">Tropical cyclones</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #8B8000;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Transportation</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:1;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_aviation" title="2008 in aviation">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_rail_transport" title="2008 in rail transport">Rail transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_spaceflight" title="2008 in spaceflight">Spaceflight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_transportation_technology#2000s" title="Timeline of transportation technology">Transportation technology</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #8B8000;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/2008_in_sports" title="2008 in sports">Sports</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:1;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_American_football&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in American football (page does not exist)">American football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_association_football" title="2008 in association football">Association football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_the_sport_of_athletics" title="2008 in the sport of athletics">Athletics (sport)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_badminton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in badminton (page does not exist)">Badminton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_baseball" title="2008 in baseball">Baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_basketball" title="2008 in basketball">Basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_chess" title="2008 in chess">Chess</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_combat_sports&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in combat sports (page does not exist)">Combat sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_cricket_in_2008" title="International cricket in 2008">Cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_cycling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in cycling (page does not exist)">Cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_golf" title="2008 in golf">Golf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_ice_hockey" class="mw-redirect" title="2008 in ice hockey">Ice hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_professional_wrestling" title="2008 in professional wrestling">Pro wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_rugby_union" title="2008 in rugby union">Rugby union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_swimming" title="2008 in swimming">Swimming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_tennis" title="2008 in tennis">Tennis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_volleyball&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in volleyball (page does not exist)">Volleyball</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #8B8000;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">By sovereign state</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:1;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Afghanistan" title="2008 in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Albania" title="2008 in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Algeria" title="2008 in Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Andorra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Andorra (page does not exist)">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Angola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Angola (page does not exist)">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Antarctica" title="2008 in Antarctica">Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Antigua_and_Barbuda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Antigua and Barbuda (page does not exist)">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Argentina" title="2008 in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Armenia" title="2008 in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Australia" title="2008 in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Austria" title="2008 in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Azerbaijan" title="2008 in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_the_Bahamas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in the Bahamas (page does not exist)">The Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Bahrain (page does not exist)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Bangladesh" title="2008 in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Barbados&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Barbados (page does not exist)">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Belarus" title="2008 in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Belgium" title="2008 in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Belize" title="2008 in Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Benin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Benin (page does not exist)">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Bhutan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Bhutan (page does not exist)">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Bolivia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Bolivia (page does not exist)">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="2008 in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Botswana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Botswana (page does not exist)">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Brazil" title="2008 in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Brunei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Brunei (page does not exist)">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Bulgaria" title="2008 in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Burkina_Faso" title="2008 in Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Burundi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Burundi (page does not exist)">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Cambodia" title="2008 in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Cameroon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Cameroon (page does not exist)">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Canada" title="2008 in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Cape_Verde" title="2008 in Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_the_Central_African_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in the Central African Republic (page does not exist)">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Chad" title="2008 in Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Chile" title="2008 in Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_China" title="2008 in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Colombia" title="2008 in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Costa_Rica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Costa Rica (page does not exist)">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_the_Comoros&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in the Comoros (page does not exist)">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_the_Republic_of_the_Congo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in the Republic of the Congo (page does not exist)">Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="2008 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">D.R. Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Croatia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Croatia (page does not exist)">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Cuba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Cuba (page does not exist)">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Cyprus" title="2008 in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_the_Czech_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in the Czech Republic (page does not exist)">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Denmark" title="2008 in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Djibouti" title="2008 in Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Dominica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Dominica (page does not exist)">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_the_Dominican_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in the Dominican Republic (page does not exist)">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Ecuador&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Ecuador (page does not exist)">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Egypt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Egypt (page does not exist)">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_El_Salvador&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in El Salvador (page does not exist)">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Eritrea" title="2008 in Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Estonia" title="2008 in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Ethiopia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Ethiopia (page does not exist)">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Eswatini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Eswatini (page does not exist)">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Equatorial_Guinea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Equatorial Guinea (page does not exist)">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Fiji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Fiji (page does not exist)">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Finland" title="2008 in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_France" title="2008 in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Gabon" title="2008 in Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_the_Gambia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in the Gambia (page does not exist)">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Georgia_(country)" title="2008 in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Germany" title="2008 in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Ghana" title="2008 in Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Greece&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Greece (page does not exist)">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Grenada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Grenada (page does not exist)">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Guatemala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Guatemala (page does not exist)">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Guinea" title="2008 in Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Guinea-Bissau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Guinea-Bissau (page does not exist)">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Guyana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Guyana (page does not exist)">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Haiti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Haiti (page does not exist)">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Honduras&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Honduras (page does not exist)">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Hong_Kong" title="2008 in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Hungary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Hungary (page does not exist)">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Iceland" title="2008 in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_India" title="2008 in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Indonesia" title="2008 in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Iran" title="2008 in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Iraq" title="2008 in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Ireland" title="2008 in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Israel" title="2008 in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Italy" title="2008 in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Ivory_Coast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Ivory Coast (page does not exist)">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Jamaica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Jamaica (page does not exist)">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Japan" title="2008 in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Jordan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Jordan (page does not exist)">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Kazakhstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Kazakhstan (page does not exist)">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Kenya" title="2008 in Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Kiribati&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Kiribati (page does not exist)">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Kosovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Kosovo (page does not exist)">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Kuwait" title="2008 in Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Kyrgyzstan (page does not exist)">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Laos" title="2008 in Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Latvia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Latvia (page does not exist)">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Lebanon" title="2008 in Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Lesotho&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Lesotho (page does not exist)">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Liberia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Liberia (page does not exist)">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Liechtenstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Liechtenstein (page does not exist)"> Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Libya" title="2008 in Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Lithuania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Lithuania (page does not exist)">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Luxembourg" title="2008 in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Macau" title="2008 in Macau">Macau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Madagascar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Madagascar (page does not exist)">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_the_Marshall_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in the Marshall Islands (page does not exist)">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Malawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Malawi (page does not exist)">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Malaysia" title="2008 in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_the_Maldives&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in the Maldives (page does not exist)">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Mali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Mali (page does not exist)">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Malta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Malta (page does not exist)">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Mauritania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Mauritania (page does not exist)">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Mauritius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Mauritius (page does not exist)">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Mexico" title="2008 in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in the Federated States of Micronesia (page does not exist)">Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Moldova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Moldova (page does not exist)">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Monaco" title="2008 in Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Mongolia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Mongolia (page does not exist)">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Montenegro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Montenegro (page does not exist)">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Morocco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Morocco (page does not exist)">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Mozambique&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Mozambique (page does not exist)">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Myanmar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Myanmar (page does not exist)">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Nauru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Nauru (page does not exist)">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Namibia" title="2008 in Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Nepal" title="2008 in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_the_Netherlands" title="2008 in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_New_Zealand" title="2008 in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Nicaragua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Nicaragua (page does not exist)">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Niger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Niger (page does not exist)">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Nigeria" title="2008 in Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_North_Korea" title="2008 in North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_North_Macedonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in North Macedonia (page does not exist)">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Norway" title="2008 in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Oman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Oman (page does not exist)">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Pakistan" title="2008 in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Palau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Palau (page does not exist)">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_the_State_of_Palestine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in the State of Palestine (page does not exist)">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Panama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Panama (page does not exist)">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Papua_New_Guinea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Papua New Guinea (page does not exist)">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Paraguay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Paraguay (page does not exist)">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Peru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Peru (page does not exist)">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_the_Philippines" title="2008 in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Poland" title="2008 in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Portugal" title="2008 in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Qatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Qatar (page does not exist)">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Romania" title="2008 in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Russia" title="2008 in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Rwanda" title="2008 in Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Saint Kitts and Nevis (page does not exist)">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Saint_Lucia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Saint Lucia (page does not exist)">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (page does not exist)">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Samoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Samoa (page does not exist)">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_San_Marino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in San Marino (page does not exist)">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in São Tomé and Príncipe (page does not exist)">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Saudi Arabia (page does not exist)">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Senegal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Senegal (page does not exist)">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Serbia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Serbia (page does not exist)">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Seychelles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Seychelles (page does not exist)">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Sierra_Leone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Sierra Leone (page does not exist)">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Singapore" title="2008 in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Slovakia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Slovakia (page does not exist)">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Slovenia" title="2008 in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Somalia" class="mw-redirect" title="2008 in Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Somaliland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Somaliland (page does not exist)">Somaliland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_South_Africa" title="2008 in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_the_Solomon_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in the Solomon Islands (page does not exist)">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_South_Korea" title="2008 in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_South_Sudan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in South Sudan (page does not exist)">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Spain" title="2008 in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Sri Lanka (page does not exist)">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Sudan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Sudan (page does not exist)">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Suriname&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Suriname (page does not exist)">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Sweden" title="2008 in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Switzerland" title="2008 in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Syria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Syria (page does not exist)">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Taiwan" title="2008 in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Tajikistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Tajikistan (page does not exist)">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Tanzania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Tanzania (page does not exist)">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Thailand" title="2008 in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Timor-Leste" title="2008 in Timor-Leste">Timor-Leste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Togo" title="2008 in Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Tonga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Tonga (page does not exist)">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Trinidad and Tobago (page does not exist)">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Tunisia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Tunisia (page does not exist)">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Turkey" title="2008 in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Turkmenistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Turkmenistan (page does not exist)">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Tuvalu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Tuvalu (page does not exist)">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Uganda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Uganda (page does not exist)">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Ukraine" title="2008 in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="2008 in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2008 in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_the_United_States" title="2008 in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Uruguay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Uruguay (page does not exist)">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Uzbekistan" class="mw-redirect" title="2008 in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Vanuatu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Vanuatu (page does not exist)">Vanuatu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Vatican_City&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Vatican City (page does not exist)">Vatican City</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Venezuela&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Venezuela (page does not exist)">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Vietnam" title="2008 in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Yemen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Yemen (page does not exist)">Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_Zambia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in Zambia (page does not exist)">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Zimbabwe" title="2008 in Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>By international organization</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_the_European_Union" title="2008 in the European Union">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008_in_the_United_Nations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2008 in the United Nations (page does not exist)">United Nations</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #8B8000;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Categories</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:1;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2008_births" title="Category:2008 births">Births</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:2008_deaths" title="Category:2008 deaths">Deaths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:2008_establishments" title="Category:2008 establishments">Establishments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:2008_disestablishments" title="Category:2008 disestablishments">Disestablishments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:2008_works" title="Category:2008 works">Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:2008_introductions" title="Category:2008 introductions">Introductions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_public_domain" title="2008 in public domain">Works entering the public domain</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:C21_year_in_topic" title="Template:C21 year in topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:C21_year_in_topic" title="Template talk:C21 year in topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:C21_year_in_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:C21 year in topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>2008</b> (<a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">MMVIII</a>) was a <a href="/wiki/Leap_year_starting_on_Tuesday" title="Leap year starting on Tuesday">leap year starting on Tuesday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a>, the 2008th year of the <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">Common Era</a> (CE) and <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">Anno Domini</a></i></span> (AD) designations, the 8th year of the <a href="/wiki/3rd_millennium" title="3rd millennium">3rd millennium</a> and the <a href="/wiki/21st_century" title="21st century">21st century</a>, and the 9th year of the <a href="/wiki/2000s" title="2000s">2000s</a> decade. </p><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <p>2008 was designated as: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Year_of_Languages" title="International Year of Languages">International Year of Languages</a><sup id="cite_ref-Ow0tF_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ow0tF-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Year_of_Planet_Earth" title="International Year of Planet Earth">International Year of Planet Earth</a><sup id="cite_ref-UN_ARES60192_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_ARES60192-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Year_of_the_Potato" title="International Year of the Potato">International Year of the Potato</a><sup id="cite_ref-UN_ARES60191_page1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_ARES60191_page1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Year_of_Sanitation" title="International Year of Sanitation">International Year of Sanitation</a><sup id="cite_ref-UN_ARES61192_page2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_ARES61192_page2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Great_Recession" title="Great Recession">Great Recession</a>, a worldwide recession which began in <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>, continued through the entirety of 2008. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-2"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January">January</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: January"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1" title="January 1">January 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> adopt the <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">euro</a> currency.<sup id="cite_ref-vgEan_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vgEan-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-qxkbC_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-qxkbC-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_14" title="January 14">January 14</a> – At 19:04:39 <a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a>, the uncrewed <a href="/wiki/MESSENGER" title="MESSENGER">MESSENGER</a> <a href="/wiki/Space_probe" class="mw-redirect" title="Space probe">space probe</a> is at its closest approach during its first flyby of the planet <a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45JNK_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45JNK-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_21" title="January 21">January 21</a> <ul><li>Stock markets around the world plunge amid growing fears of a <a href="/wiki/Great_Recession_in_the_United_States" title="Great Recession in the United States">U.S. Great Recession</a>, fueled by the 2007 <a href="/wiki/Subprime_mortgage_crisis" title="Subprime mortgage crisis">subprime mortgage crisis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-UdyTv_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UdyTv-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_activist" class="mw-redirect" title="Online activist">Online activist</a> group <a href="/wiki/Anonymous_(hacker_group)" title="Anonymous (hacker group)">Anonymous</a> initiates <a href="/wiki/Project_Chanology" title="Project Chanology">Project Chanology</a>, after a <a href="/wiki/News_leak" title="News leak">leaked interview</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tom_Cruise" title="Tom Cruise">Tom Cruise</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology" title="Church of Scientology">Church of Scientology</a> is published on <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>, and the Church of Scientology issued a <a href="/wiki/DMCA_takedown" class="mw-redirect" title="DMCA takedown">"copyright infringement" claim</a>. In response, Anonymous sympathizers took to the streets to <a href="/wiki/Protest" title="Protest">protest</a> outside the church (after February 10), while the church's websites and centres were getting <a href="/wiki/Denial-of-service_attack" title="Denial-of-service attack">DoS attacks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prank_call" title="Prank call">phone line nukes</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Black_fax" title="Black fax">black faxes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-sx8F7_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sx8F7-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-vOwe0_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vOwe0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-phLJJ_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-phLJJ-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-waVoL_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-waVoL-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-muTyR_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-muTyR-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LwGGz_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LwGGz-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LqoSy_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LqoSy-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-yECdo_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yECdo-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Bundling_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This claim has too many footnotes for reading to be smooth. (December 2022)">excessive citations</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_24" title="January 24">January 24</a> – A peace deal is signed in <a href="/wiki/Goma" title="Goma">Goma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a>, ending the <a href="/wiki/Kivu_conflict" title="Kivu conflict">Kivu conflict</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-cAfgG_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cAfgG-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="February">February</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: February"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_4" title="February 4">February 4</a> – Civic mobilizations in <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a> against <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Armed_Forces_of_Colombia" title="Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia">FARC</a>, under the name <i><a href="/wiki/One_million_voices_against_FARC" title="One million voices against FARC">One million voices against FARC</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-tiempo_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tiempo-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_14" title="February 14">February 14</a> – A <a href="/wiki/Belavia" title="Belavia">Belavia</a> CRJ-100 <a href="/wiki/Belavia_Flight_1834" title="Belavia Flight 1834">crash lands</a> at <a href="/wiki/Zvartnots_International_Airport" title="Zvartnots International Airport">Zvartnots International Airport</a> in Yerevan, Armenia. 7 people are injured.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_17" title="February 17">February 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> formally <a href="/wiki/2008_Kosovo_declaration_of_independence" title="2008 Kosovo declaration of independence">declares independence</a> from <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>, to a mixed response from the international community.<sup id="cite_ref-4ZgIr_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4ZgIr-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bKUR8_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bKUR8-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_18" title="February 18">February 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/WikiLeaks" title="WikiLeaks">WikiLeaks</a> releases <a href="/wiki/Allegation" title="Allegation">allegations</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tax_evasion" title="Tax evasion">illegal activities</a> carried out by the <a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a> branch of <a href="/wiki/Swiss_banking" class="mw-redirect" title="Swiss banking">Swiss banking</a> corporation <a href="/wiki/Julius_Baer_Group" title="Julius Baer Group">Julius Baer</a>; a subsequent <a href="/wiki/Bank_Julius_Baer_v._WikiLeaks" title="Bank Julius Baer v. WikiLeaks">lawsuit against WikiLeaks</a> prompts a <a href="/wiki/Web_domain" class="mw-redirect" title="Web domain">temporary suspension</a> of the website, but uproar about violations of <a href="/wiki/First_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="First Amendment to the United States Constitution">freedom of speech</a> causes WikiLeaks to be brought back online.<sup id="cite_ref-UHHp2_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UHHp2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-L7ZF1_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-L7ZF1-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="March">March</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: March"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/March_2" title="March 2">March 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a> <a href="/wiki/2008_Andean_diplomatic_crisis" title="2008 Andean diplomatic crisis">move troops to the Colombian border</a>, following a Colombian raid against <a href="/wiki/FARC" class="mw-redirect" title="FARC">FARC</a> guerrillas inside Ecuadorian territory, in which senior commander <a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Reyes" title="Raúl Reyes">Raúl Reyes</a> is killed.<sup id="cite_ref-2V4dj_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2V4dj-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WUuhE_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WUuhE-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_8" title="March 8">March 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Barisan_Nasional" title="Barisan Nasional">Barisan Nasional</a> loses <a href="/wiki/Supermajority" title="Supermajority">two-thirds majority</a>, for the first time since <a href="/wiki/1969_Malaysian_general_election" title="1969 Malaysian general election">1969</a>, to opposition during the <a href="/wiki/2008_Malaysian_general_election" title="2008 Malaysian general election">2008 Malaysian general election</a> but still retains control of government. The coalition also loses <a href="/wiki/State_legislative_assemblies_of_Malaysia" title="State legislative assemblies of Malaysia">majority control</a> of five states to the opposition.<sup id="cite_ref-setback_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-setback-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_9" title="March 9">March 9</a> – The first <a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency" title="European Space Agency">European Space Agency</a> <a href="/wiki/Automated_Transfer_Vehicle" title="Automated Transfer Vehicle">Automated Transfer Vehicle</a>, a cargo spacecraft for the <a href="/wiki/International_Space_Station" title="International Space Station">International Space Station</a>, launches from <a href="/wiki/Guiana_Space_Centre" title="Guiana Space Centre">Guiana Space Centre</a> in <a href="/wiki/French_Guiana" title="French Guiana">French Guiana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-zmjBL_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zmjBL-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19_March" class="mw-redirect" title="19 March">March 19</a> – An <a href="/wiki/Energy" title="Energy">Energy</a> release of a <a href="/wiki/Gamma-ray_burst" title="Gamma-ray burst">Gamma-ray burst</a> called the <a href="/wiki/GRB_080319B" title="GRB 080319B">GRB 080319B</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Brightness" title="Brightness">brightest</a> event ever recorded in the <a href="/wiki/Universe" title="Universe">Universe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-09YRh_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-09YRh-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_24" title="March 24">March 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a> holds its <a href="/wiki/2008_Bhutanese_National_Assembly_election" title="2008 Bhutanese National Assembly election">first-ever general elections</a> following the adoption of a new <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Bhutan" title="Constitution of Bhutan">Constitution</a> which changed the country from an <a href="/wiki/Absolute_monarchy" title="Absolute monarchy">absolute monarchy</a> to a multiparty democracy.<sup id="cite_ref-a339d_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a339d-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_25" title="March 25">March 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a> and <a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a> forces <a href="/wiki/2008_invasion_of_Anjouan" title="2008 invasion of Anjouan">invade</a> the rebel-held island of <a href="/wiki/Anjouan" title="Anjouan">Anjouan</a>, returning the island to Comorian control.<sup id="cite_ref-zp1Ze_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zp1Ze-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April">April</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: April"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_29" title="April 29">April 29</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/Grand_Theft_Auto_IV" title="Grand Theft Auto IV">Grand Theft Auto IV</a></i> is released worldwide, selling over 3.6 million units and earning $310 million during the first day, becoming not only the highest grossing video game release of all-time, but also the highest grossing entertainment product release ever.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="May">May</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: May"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/May_2" title="May 2">May 2</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/Iron_Man_(2008_film)" title="Iron Man (2008 film)">Iron Man</a></i> is released in theaters, starting the <a href="/wiki/Marvel_Cinematic_Universe" title="Marvel Cinematic Universe">Marvel Cinematic Universe</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_3" title="May 3">May 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Cyclone_Nargis" title="Cyclone Nargis">Cyclone Nargis</a> passes through <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>, killing more than 138,000 people.<sup id="cite_ref-n1gHV_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-n1gHV-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_12" title="May 12">May 12</a> – An earthquake measuring 7.9 on the <a href="/wiki/Moment_magnitude_scale" title="Moment magnitude scale">moment magnitude scale</a> <a href="/wiki/2008_Sichuan_earthquake" title="2008 Sichuan earthquake">strikes Sichuan, China</a>, killing an estimated 87,000 people.<sup id="cite_ref-qTiUB_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-qTiUB-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_20" title="May 20">May 20</a>–<a href="/wiki/May_24" title="May 24">24</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2008" title="Eurovision Song Contest 2008">Eurovision Song Contest 2008</a> takes place in <a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>, and is won by <a href="/wiki/Russia_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_2008" title="Russia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2008">Russian</a> entrant <a href="/wiki/Dima_Bilan" title="Dima Bilan">Dima Bilan</a> with the song "<a href="/wiki/Believe_(Dima_Bilan_song)" title="Believe (Dima Bilan song)">Believe</a>".</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_21" title="May 21">May 21</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_United_F.C." title="Manchester United F.C.">Manchester United</a> wins their third <a href="/wiki/UEFA_European_Cup" class="mw-redirect" title="UEFA European Cup">European Cup</a> and second <a href="/wiki/UEFA_Champions_League" title="UEFA Champions League">Champions League</a> after they beat <a href="/wiki/Chelsea_F.C." title="Chelsea F.C.">Chelsea</a> in the first all-English final in the history of the competition. Manchester United won the match 6–5 on penalties, following a 1–1 draw after extra time.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Union_of_South_American_Nations" title="Union of South American Nations">Union of South American Nations</a>, an intergovernmental organization between states in <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a>, is founded.<sup id="cite_ref-ammdU_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ammdU-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/International_Court_of_Justice" title="International Court of Justice">International Court of Justice</a> awards <a href="/wiki/Middle_Rocks" title="Middle Rocks">Middle Rocks</a> to <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pedra_Branca,_Singapore" title="Pedra Branca, Singapore">Pedra Branca</a> to <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>, ending a 29-year <a href="/wiki/Pedra_Branca_dispute" title="Pedra Branca dispute">territorial dispute</a> between the two countries.<sup id="cite_ref-xu7ho_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xu7ho-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_25" title="May 25">May 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>'s uncrewed <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(spacecraft)" title="Phoenix (spacecraft)"><i>Phoenix</i></a> spacecraft becomes the first to land on the northern polar region of <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gltzt_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gltzt-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_28" title="May 28">May 28</a> – The <a href="/wiki/2008_Nepalese_Constituent_Assembly_election" title="2008 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election">Legislature Parliament of Nepal</a> votes overwhelmingly in favor of abolishing the country's <a href="/wiki/King_of_Nepal" title="King of Nepal">240-year-old monarchy</a>, turning the country into a republic.<sup id="cite_ref-VCANV_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VCANV-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_30" title="May 30">May 30</a> – International <a href="/wiki/Convention_on_Cluster_Munitions" title="Convention on Cluster Munitions">Convention on Cluster Munitions</a> is adopted in Dublin.<sup id="cite_ref-cluster_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cluster-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="June">June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/June_7" title="June 7">June 7</a>–<a href="/wiki/June_29" title="June 29">29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> jointly host the <a href="/wiki/UEFA_Euro_2008" title="UEFA Euro 2008">UEFA Euro 2008</a> football tournament, which is won by <a href="/wiki/Spain_national_football_team" title="Spain national football team">Spain</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_11" title="June 11">June 11</a> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Fermi_Gamma-ray_Space_Telescope" title="Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope">Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope</a> is launched.<sup id="cite_ref-PDVLU_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PDVLU-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Canadian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Harper" title="Stephen Harper">Stephen Harper</a> formally apologizes, on behalf of the Canadian government, to the country's <a href="/wiki/First_Nations_in_Canada" title="First Nations in Canada">First Nations</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Indian_residential_school_system" title="Canadian Indian residential school system">Canadian Indian residential school system</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-oFlGQ_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oFlGQ-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_14" title="June 14">June 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Expo_2008" title="Expo 2008">Expo 2008</a> opens in <a href="/wiki/Zaragoza" title="Zaragoza">Zaragoza</a>, Spain, lasting to September 14, with the topic "Water and sustainable development".<sup id="cite_ref-jPCeD_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jPCeD-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_14" title="June 14">June 14</a> – A <a href="/wiki/2008_Iwate%E2%80%93Miyagi_Nairiku_earthquake" title="2008 Iwate–Miyagi Nairiku earthquake">6.9 magnitude earthquake</a> in <a href="/wiki/Iwate_Prefecture" title="Iwate Prefecture">Iwate Prefecture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, kills 12 and injures more than 400.<sup id="cite_ref-USGS_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGS-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July">July</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: July"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_1" title="July 1">July 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/2008_riot_in_Mongolia" title="2008 riot in Mongolia">Riots erupt in Mongolia</a> in response to allegations of fraud surrounding the 2008 legislative elections.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_2" title="July 2">July 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dngrid_Betancourt" title="Íngrid Betancourt">Íngrid Betancourt</a> and 14 other hostages are <a href="/wiki/Operation_Jaque" title="Operation Jaque">rescued</a> from <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Armed_Forces_of_Colombia" title="Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia">FARC</a> rebels by <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombian</a> security forces.<sup id="cite_ref-rQFjN_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rQFjN-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_10" title="July 10">July 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple Inc.</a> launches the <a href="/wiki/App_Store_(Apple)" title="App Store (Apple)">App Store</a> with 500 apps available at launch.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_11" title="July 11">July 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> suspends all trips to <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Mount_Kumgang" title="Mount Kumgang">Mount Kumgang</a> after a 53-year-old South Korean tourist is shot and killed by a North Korean sentry.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_march_2010_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc_march_2010-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_21" title="July 21">July 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Radovan_Karad%C5%BEi%C4%87" title="Radovan Karadžić">Radovan Karadžić</a>, the first president of the <a href="/wiki/Republika_Srpska" title="Republika Srpska">Republika Srpska</a>, is arrested in <a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>, on allegations of war crimes, following a 12-year-long <a href="/wiki/Manhunt_(law_enforcement)" title="Manhunt (law enforcement)">manhunt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7KMHp_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7KMHp-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="August">August</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: August"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/August_1" title="August 1">August 1</a> <ul><li>India and United States sign the historic <a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93United_States_Civil_Nuclear_Agreement" title="India–United States Civil Nuclear Agreement">Civil Nuclear deal</a>.</li> <li>Eleven mountaineers from international expeditions die on <a href="/wiki/K2" title="K2">K2</a>, the second-highest mountain on Earth, in the <a href="/wiki/2008_K2_disaster" title="2008 K2 disaster">worst single accident</a> in the history of K2 mountaineering.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_6" title="August 6">August 6</a> – President <a href="/wiki/Sidi_Ould_Cheikh_Abdallahi" title="Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi">Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi</a> of <a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a> is deposed in a <a href="/wiki/2008_Mauritanian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="2008 Mauritanian coup d'état">military coup d'état</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nuVDF_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nuVDF-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_7" title="August 7">August 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> intervenes against Russian-backed separatists in its <a href="/wiki/South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia">South-Ossetia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a> regions, causing <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> to invade Georgia and spark the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Georgian_War" title="Russo-Georgian War">Russo-Georgian war</a>, the first major European land war of the 21st century.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_8" title="August 8">August 8</a>–<a href="/wiki/August_24" title="August 24">24</a> – The <a href="/wiki/2008_Summer_Olympics" title="2008 Summer Olympics">2008 Summer Olympics</a> take place in <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, China.<sup id="cite_ref-zc8qK_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zc8qK-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_20" title="August 20">August 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Spanair_Flight_5022" title="Spanair Flight 5022">Spanair Flight 5022</a> crashes at <a href="/wiki/Madrid%E2%80%93Barajas_Airport" title="Madrid–Barajas Airport">Madrid–Barajas Airport</a>, killing 154 people on board.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="September">September</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: September"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/September_5" title="September 5">September 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Quentin_Bryce" title="Quentin Bryce">Quentin Bryce</a> becomes the first female <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Australia" title="Governor-General of Australia">Governor-General of Australia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_10" title="September 10">September 10</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Proton_beam" class="mw-redirect" title="Proton beam">proton beam</a> is circulated for the first time in the <a href="/wiki/Large_Hadron_Collider" title="Large Hadron Collider">Large Hadron Collider</a>, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_accelerators_in_particle_physics#Hadron_colliders" title="List of accelerators in particle physics">world's largest and highest-energy</a> <a href="/wiki/Particle_accelerator" title="Particle accelerator">particle accelerator</a>, located at <a href="/wiki/CERN" title="CERN">CERN</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>, under the Franco-Swiss border.<sup id="cite_ref-JdQh8_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JdQh8-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1tfei_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1tfei-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_13" title="September 13">September 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Ike" title="Hurricane Ike">Hurricane Ike</a> makes landfall as a category 2 hurricane in <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, killing 113 and causing over $30 billion in damages.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_15" title="September 15">September 15</a> – Stocks fall sharply Monday on a triptych of Wall Street woe: <a href="/wiki/Lehman_Brothers" title="Lehman Brothers">Lehman Brothers</a>' bankruptcy filing, <a href="/wiki/Merrill_Lynch" class="mw-redirect" title="Merrill Lynch">Merrill Lynch</a>'s acquisition by <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_America" title="Bank of America">Bank of America</a>, and <a href="/wiki/American_International_Group" title="American International Group">AIG</a>'s unprecedented request for short-term financing from the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve" title="Federal Reserve">Federal Reserve</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-VxePx_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VxePx-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_20" title="September 20">September 20</a> – A <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Marriott_Hotel_bombing" title="Islamabad Marriott Hotel bombing">suicide truck bomb explosion</a> destroys the <a href="/wiki/Marriott_International" title="Marriott International">Marriott Hotel</a> in <a href="/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad">Islamabad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, killing at least 54 and injuring 266.<sup id="cite_ref-mk4OZ_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mk4OZ-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-XWUWx_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-XWUWx-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3fIg2_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3fIg2-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_23" title="September 23">September 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/HTC_Dream" title="HTC Dream">HTC Dream</a>, the first smartphone powered by <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a>, was launched.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_28" title="September 28">September 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/SpaceX" title="SpaceX">SpaceX</a> <a href="/wiki/Falcon_1" title="Falcon 1">Falcon 1</a> becomes the world's first privately developed <a href="/wiki/Launch_vehicle" title="Launch vehicle">space launch vehicle</a> to successfully <a href="/wiki/Falcon_1_Flight_4" class="mw-redirect" title="Falcon 1 Flight 4">make orbit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bUbIg_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bUbIg-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mJgTp_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mJgTp-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October">October</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: October"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_3" title="October 3">October 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/2007%E2%80%932008_financial_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2007–2008 financial crisis">Global financial crisis</a>: <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">U.S. President</a> <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> signs the revised <a href="/wiki/Emergency_Economic_Stabilization_Act_of_2008" title="Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008">Emergency Economic Stabilization Act</a> into law, creating a <a href="/wiki/Troubled_Asset_Relief_Program" title="Troubled Asset Relief Program">700 billion dollar Treasury fund</a> to purchase failing bank <a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">assets</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Associated_Press-Raum-2008-10-03_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Associated_Press-Raum-2008-10-03-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_6" title="October 6">October 6</a> – A controversial <a href="/wiki/Peruvian" class="mw-redirect" title="Peruvian">Peruvian</a> tape regarding a <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norwegian</a> <a href="/wiki/Oil_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil company">oil company</a> causes the <a href="/wiki/2008_Peru_oil_scandal" title="2008 Peru oil scandal">2008 Peru oil scandal</a>, sparking <a href="/wiki/Protest" title="Protest">protests</a> which cause <a href="/wiki/Jorge_del_Castillo" title="Jorge del Castillo">Jorge de Castillo</a> to <a href="/wiki/Resignation" title="Resignation">resign from office</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-s5fxV_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s5fxV-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4KSLa_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4KSLa-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1X31j_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1X31j-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1xnhk_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1xnhk-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_21" title="October 21">October 21</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Large_Hadron_Collider" title="Large Hadron Collider">Large Hadron Collider</a> (LHC) is officially <a href="/wiki/Inauguration" title="Inauguration">inaugurated</a> at <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-lgOCn_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lgOCn-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-exux6_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exux6-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-j2gWy_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-j2gWy-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tnapI_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tnapI-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_22" title="October 22">October 22</a> – The <a href="/wiki/ISRO" title="ISRO">Indian Space Research Organisation</a> successfully launches the <a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan-1" title="Chandrayaan-1">Chandrayaan-1</a> spacecraft on a <a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_the_Moon" title="Exploration of the Moon">lunar exploration</a> mission.<sup id="cite_ref-1wmbS_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1wmbS-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hLQzh_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hLQzh-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_30" title="October 30">October 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/2008_Vietnam_floods" title="2008 Vietnam floods">Floods</a> affected in <a href="/wiki/Northern_Vietnam" title="Northern Vietnam">Northern Vietnam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Central_Vietnam" title="Central Vietnam">Central Vietnam</a> and lasted 5 days causing flooding in many <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Vietnam" title="Provinces of Vietnam">provinces</a> and <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Vietnam" title="Municipalities of Vietnam">cities</a>.</li> <li>October <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Easyswap" title="Easyswap">Easyswap</a> on-line local exchange trading system (LETS) website is officially launched in Switzerland.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="November">November</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: November"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/November_1" title="November 1">November 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Satoshi_Nakamoto" title="Satoshi Nakamoto">Satoshi Nakamoto</a> publishes "<a href="/wiki/Bitcoin" title="Bitcoin">Bitcoin</a>: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System".<sup id="cite_ref-uHmQu_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uHmQu-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2" title="November 2">November 2</a> – In a race won by <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazilian</a> driver <a href="/wiki/Felipe_Massa" title="Felipe Massa">Felipe Massa</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">British driver</a> <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Hamilton" title="Lewis Hamilton">Lewis Hamilton</a> ends in 5th place in <a href="/wiki/2008_Brazilian_Grand_Prix" title="2008 Brazilian Grand Prix">2008 Brazilian Grand Prix</a> and becomes the first <a href="/wiki/Black_people" title="Black people">black</a> driver to win the <a href="/wiki/Formula_One" title="Formula One">Formula One</a> World Championship, and the second youngest driver to achieve the feat at the age of 23.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_4" title="November 4">November 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">2008 United States presidential election</a>: <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> U.S. Senator <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> defeats <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> candidate <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">John McCain</a> and is elected the 44th <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a>, making him the first <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African-American</a> to be elected to the office.<sup id="cite_ref-4bO8c_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4bO8c-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ES3XU_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ES3XU-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-os5oq_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-os5oq-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_19" title="November 19">November 19</a> – Claudia Castillo of Spain becomes the first person to have a successful <a href="/wiki/Trachea" title="Trachea">trachea</a> <a href="/wiki/Organ_transplant" class="mw-redirect" title="Organ transplant">transplant</a> using a <a href="/wiki/Tissue_engineering" title="Tissue engineering">tissue-engineered</a> <a href="/wiki/Organ_(anatomy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Organ (anatomy)">organ</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-aVL5l_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aVL5l-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_20" title="November 20">November 20</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Buzzard_Coulee_meteorite" title="Buzzard Coulee meteorite">Buzzard Coulee meteorite</a> falls in <a href="/wiki/Saskatchewan" title="Saskatchewan">Saskatchewan</a>. Reported to be 5 times brighter than the full moon and is seen in Alberta, Manitoba, and even North Dakota.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_26" title="November 26">November 26</a>–<a href="/wiki/November_29" title="November 29">29</a> – Members of <a href="/wiki/Lashkar-e-Taiba" title="Lashkar-e-Taiba">Lashkar-e-Taiba</a> carry out four days of coordinated bombing and shooting <a href="/wiki/2008_Mumbai_attacks" title="2008 Mumbai attacks">attacks</a> across <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a>, killing 164 people.<sup id="cite_ref-Mumbai_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mumbai-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_27" title="November 27">November 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/XL_Airways_Germany_Flight_888T" title="XL Airways Germany Flight 888T">XL Airways Germany Flight 888T</a>. An <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A320_family" title="Airbus A320 family">Airbus A320</a> due to be redelivered to <a href="/wiki/Air_New_Zealand" title="Air New Zealand">Air New Zealand</a> stalls and crashes over <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a> resulting the deaths of 7</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="December">December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/December_10" title="December 10">December 10</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Channel_Islands" title="Channel Islands">Channel Island</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sark" title="Sark">Sark</a>, a British <a href="/wiki/Crown_Dependencies" title="Crown Dependencies">Crown dependency</a>, holds its <a href="/wiki/2008_Sark_general_election" title="2008 Sark general election">first fully democratic elections</a> under a new constitutional arrangement, becoming the last European territory to abolish <a href="/wiki/Feudalism" title="Feudalism">feudalism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-jGiwP_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jGiwP-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_11" title="December 11">December 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bernie_Madoff" title="Bernie Madoff">Bernard Madoff</a> is arrested for <a href="/wiki/Securities_fraud" title="Securities fraud">securities fraud</a> after he was turned in by his sons for operating the largest <a href="/wiki/Ponzi_scheme" title="Ponzi scheme">Ponzi scheme</a> in history, later known as the <a href="/wiki/Madoff_investment_scandal" title="Madoff investment scandal">Madoff investment scandal</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_18" title="December 18">December 18</a> – The <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_Rwanda" title="International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda">International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda</a> finds <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9oneste_Bagosora" title="Théoneste Bagosora">Théoneste Bagosora</a> and two other senior Rwandan army officers guilty of <a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">genocide</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity" title="Crimes against humanity">crimes against humanity</a> and <a href="/wiki/War_crime" title="War crime">war crimes</a> and sentences them to <a href="/wiki/Life_imprisonment" title="Life imprisonment">life imprisonment</a> for their role in the <a href="/wiki/Rwandan_genocide" title="Rwandan genocide">Rwandan genocide</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-o0EEh_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-o0EEh-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_22" title="December 22">December 22</a> – An ash dike <a href="/wiki/Kingston_Fossil_Plant_coal_fly_ash_slurry_spill" title="Kingston Fossil Plant coal fly ash slurry spill">ruptured</a> at a solid waste containment area for a <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Valley_Authority" title="Tennessee Valley Authority">Tennessee Valley Authority</a> <a href="/wiki/Kingston_Fossil_Plant" title="Kingston Fossil Plant">coal-fired power plant</a> in <a href="/wiki/Roane_County,_Tennessee" title="Roane County, Tennessee">Roane County, Tennessee</a>, releasing 4.2 million m<sup>3</sup> (1.1 billion US gal) of <a href="/wiki/Coal_fly_ash" class="mw-redirect" title="Coal fly ash">coal fly ash</a> <a href="/wiki/Slurry" title="Slurry">slurry</a> in the largest industrial spill in U.S. history.<sup id="cite_ref-natgeo19_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-natgeo19-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_23" title="December 23">December 23</a> – A <a href="/wiki/2008_Guinean_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="2008 Guinean coup d'état">military coup d'état</a> deposes the government of <a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a> shortly after the death of longtime <a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Guinea" title="List of presidents of Guinea">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Lansana_Cont%C3%A9" title="Lansana Conté">Lansana Conté</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-S5uh2_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-S5uh2-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_27" title="December 27">December 27</a> – Israel <a href="/wiki/Gaza_War_(2008%E2%80%932009)" title="Gaza War (2008–2009)">invades</a> the <a href="/wiki/Gaza_Strip" title="Gaza Strip">Gaza Strip</a>, in response to rockets being fired into Israeli territory by <a href="/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas">Hamas</a>, and due to weapons being smuggled into the area.<sup id="cite_ref-47sj5_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47sj5-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-xKVxz_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xKVxz-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-guardian.co.uk_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian.co.uk-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_31" title="December 31">December 31</a> – An extra <a href="/wiki/Leap_second" title="Leap second">leap second</a> (23:59:60) is added to end of the year. The last time this occurred was in <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Date_unknown">Date unknown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Date unknown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Certification_and_Qualification_Association" title="European Certification and Qualification Association">European Certification and Qualification Association</a> is founded.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Disaster_Recovery_Fund" title="National Disaster Recovery Fund">National Disaster Recovery Fund</a>, a disaster management fund is established by the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Jamaica" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Jamaica">Government of Jamaica</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Diaspora_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Diaspora-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Births_and_deaths">Births and deaths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Births and deaths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main pages: <a href="/wiki/Category:2008_births" title="Category:2008 births">Category:2008 births</a> and <a href="/wiki/Deaths_in_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Deaths in 2008">Deaths in 2008</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nobel_Prizes">Nobel Prizes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Nobel Prizes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nobel_medal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6a/Nobel_medal.png/120px-Nobel_medal.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6a/Nobel_medal.png/250px-Nobel_medal.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1013" data-file-height="1013" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Chemistry</a> – <a href="/wiki/Martin_Chalfie" title="Martin Chalfie">Martin Chalfie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Osamu_Shimomura" title="Osamu Shimomura">Osamu Shimomura</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Roger_Y._Tsien" title="Roger Y. Tsien">Roger Y. Tsien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Economics</a> – <a href="/wiki/Paul_Krugman" title="Paul Krugman">Paul Krugman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Literature</a> – <a href="/wiki/J._M._G._Le_Cl%C3%A9zio" title="J. M. G. Le Clézio">J. M. G. Le Clézio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Peace</a> – <a href="/wiki/Martti_Ahtisaari" title="Martti Ahtisaari">Martti Ahtisaari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Physics</a> – <a href="/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi_(physicist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Makoto Kobayashi (physicist)">Makoto Kobayashi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa">Toshihide Maskawa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Yoichiro_Nambu" title="Yoichiro Nambu">Yoichiro Nambu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Physiology or Medicine</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise_Barr%C3%A9-Sinoussi" title="Françoise Barré-Sinoussi">Françoise Barré-Sinoussi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harald_zur_Hausen" title="Harald zur Hausen">Harald zur Hausen</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Luc_Montagnier" title="Luc Montagnier">Luc Montagnier</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="New_English_words">New English words</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: New English words"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/At_sign" title="At sign">@</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/adorbs" class="extiw" title="wikt:adorbs">adorbs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anti-vaccine_activism" title="Anti-vaccine activism">anti-vaxxer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin" title="Bitcoin">Bitcoin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Burner_phone" class="mw-redirect" title="Burner phone">burner phone</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cytokine_storm_syndrome" class="mw-redirect" title="Cytokine storm syndrome">cytokine storm syndrome</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Exome" title="Exome">exome</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fatberg" title="Fatberg">fatberg</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Social_stigma_of_obesity" title="Social stigma of obesity">fat-shamer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ghost_pepper" title="Ghost pepper">ghost pepper</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hate-watch" class="mw-redirect" title="Hate-watch">hate-watch</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/infinity_scarf" class="extiw" title="wikt:infinity scarf">infinity scarf</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mansplaining" title="Mansplaining">mansplain</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Me_too_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Me too movement">Me Too</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Photobomb" class="mw-redirect" title="Photobomb">photobomb</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stick_and_poke" title="Stick and poke">stick and poke</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/TERF" class="mw-redirect" title="TERF">TERF</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Friending_and_following" title="Friending and following">unfollow</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-hsFwA_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hsFwA-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_economics" title="2008 in economics">2008 in economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_politics" title="2008 in politics">2008 in politics</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Ow0tF-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ow0tF_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081101091611/http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2007/ga10592.doc.htm">"General Assembly Proclaims 2008 International Year of Languages, in Effort to Promote Unity in Diversity, Global Understanding"</a>. United Nations. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://un.org/News/Press/docs/2007/ga10592.doc.htm">the original</a> on November 1, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=General+Assembly+Proclaims+2008+International+Year+of+Languages%2C+in+Effort+to+Promote+Unity+in+Diversity%2C+Global+Understanding&rft.pub=United+Nations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fun.org%2FNews%2FPress%2Fdocs%2F2007%2Fga10592.doc.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2008" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN_ARES60192-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UN_ARES60192_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="United Nations General Assembly">United Nations General Assembly</a>  Session 60  <i>Resolution</i>  <i>192</i>.  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://undocs.org/A/RES/60/192">A/RES/60/192</a>  22 December 2005.  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September 29, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090929222326/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7641287.stm">Archived</a> from the original on September 29, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 1,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Falcon+rocket+success+for+SpaceX&rft.date=2008-09-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fscience%2Fnature%2F7641287.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2008" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Associated_Press-Raum-2008-10-03-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Associated_Press-Raum-2008-10-03_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Raum, Tom (October 3, 2008) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5hT-MwpK6QSoOPF74bGFqnUl_HVuwD93J6ND00">Bush signs $700 billion bailout bill</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081028183632/http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5hT-MwpK6QSoOPF74bGFqnUl_HVuwD93J6ND00">Archived</a> October 28, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Associated Press</i>. Retrieved October 3, 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-s5fxV-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-s5fxV_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211014/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7656500.stm">"Oil contract scandal shakes Peru"</a>. October 7, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7656500.stm">the original</a> on October 14, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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